Blog

  • MIL-OSI: Key Information Relating to Cash Dividend

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Oslo, 6 February 2025 – DNO ASA, the Norwegian oil and gas operator, today announced that pursuant to the authorization granted at the Annual General Meeting held on 6 June 2024, the Board of Directors has approved a dividend payment of NOK 0.3125 per share to be made on or about 21 February 2025 to all shareholders of record as of 14 February 2025. DNO shares will be traded ex-dividend as of 13 February 2025.

    Dividend amount: NOK 0.3125 per share
       
    Declared currency: NOK
       
    Last day including right: 12 February 2025
       
    Ex-date: 13 February 2025
       
    Record date: 14 February 2025
       
    Payment date: 21 February 2025 (on or about)
       
    Date of approval: 5 February 2025, based on authorization granted 6 June 2024

    For further information, please contact:

    Media: media@dno.no
    Investors: investor.relations@dno.no

    DNO ASA is a Norwegian oil and gas operator active in the Middle East, the North Sea and West Africa. Founded in 1971 and listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange, the Company holds stakes in onshore and offshore licenses at various stages of exploration, development, and production in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, Norway, the United Kingdom, Côte d’Ivoire, Netherlands and Yemen.

    This information is subject to the disclosure requirements pursuant to section 5-12 of the Norwegian Securities Trading Act and section 4.2.4 of Euronext Oslo Rulebook II.

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI: DNO Results Reflect Robust Kurdistan Production, North Sea Expansion

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Oslo, 6 February 2025 – DNO ASA, the Norwegian oil and gas operator, today reported 2024 revenues of USD 667 million on the back of stellar production in the Kurdistan region of Iraq in a year marked by continuing North Sea expansion.

    Cash from operations increased nearly 50 percent to USD 433 million year-on-year. Operating profit dropped to USD 6 million reflecting the Company’s decision to take non-cash impairments of USD 146 million in its accounts, part of which was previously reported.

    Net production climbed 50 percent year-on-year to 77,300 barrels of oil equivalent per day (boepd), to which Kurdistan contributed 59,000 boepd, North Sea 15,200 boepd and West Africa 3,100 boepd.

    At Kurdistan’s Tawke license (75 percent and operator), DNO increased gross production from the Tawke and Peshkabir fields by 70 percent year-on-year to 78,600 boepd in 2024, with oil sold at its Fish Khabur terminal as the Iraq-Türkiye export pipeline remained shut in. Sales prices averaged USD 35 per barrel with payments deposited into DNO’s international bank accounts ahead of deliveries. At these prices, Tawke license sales generate around USD 10 million per month of free cash flow to DNO.

    Maintaining strict capital spending discipline, DNO drilled no new wells on the Tawke license in 2024. Notwithstanding, output was increased by bringing three previously drilled wells onstream and by workovers and interventions on more than 20 other wells across the license.

    “Our Kurdistan team is doing a terrific job. Maintaining, never mind increasing, production from mature carbonate reservoirs without new drilling is rare, even exceptional,” said DNO’s Executive Chairman Bijan Mossavar-Rahmani. “In Norway, we are applying a similar ‘can-do’ spirit to get our barrels from a string of recent discoveries out of the ground and into the market and do so faster than is the norm here,” he added.

    In 2024, DNO took steps to expand its North Sea business by acquiring a 25 percent interest in the producing Arran field in the United Kingdom and interests in four producing fields and one development asset in the Norne area offshore Norway. Driven by contribution from these acquisitions, recovery of production in some fields following maintenance and Trym field restart, net North Sea production climbed to 19,000 boepd in the fourth quarter.

    Meanwhile, DNO is taking part in four ongoing North Sea field development projects expected to come online between 2025 and 2028 that represent proven and probable reserves of some 30 million barrels of oil equivalent net to the Company. Two other discoveries, namely Ofelia/Kyrre (10 percent) and Cuvette (20 percent) are nearing development decisions.

    Among the 2024 exploration highlights was the play-opening Othello light oil discovery (50 percent and operator), Norway’s second largest find last year. Prior to the discovery, DNO had already taken a strong acreage position in this area in close collaboration with Aker BP, host operator of nearby Valhall hub.

    Overall, the Company plans to drill between four (firm) and six North Sea exploration wells in 2025. Meanwhile, complementing its ongoing exploration activities, last month DNO was awarded 13 new licenses in Norway’s 2024 Awards in Predefined Areas (APA) licensing round, including four operatorships, by the Norwegian Ministry of Energy.

    Planned 2025 operational spend is ramped up to USD 750 million driven by increased North Sea activity.

    DNO’s robust balance sheet supports growth and distributions to shareholders. The Board of Directors yesterday authorized a dividend of NOK 0.3125 per share in February, maintaining the quarterly distribution at the same level as last quarter.

    A videoconference call with executive management will follow today at 14:00 (CET). Please visit www.dno.no to access the call.

    Key figures

      Full-Year 2024 Q4 2024 Q3 2024
    Gross operated production (boepd) 80,280 80,765 84,212
    Net production (boepd) 77,269 77,646 77,238
    Revenues (USD million) 667 177 171
    Operating profit/-loss (USD million) 6 -82 31
    Net profit/-loss (USD million) -27 -98 20
    Free cash flow (USD million) 59 -5 35
    Net cash/-debt (USD million) 99 99 134

    For further information, please contact:
    Media: media@dno.no
    Investors: investor.relations@dno.no

    DNO ASA is a Norwegian oil and gas operator active in the Middle East, the North Sea and West Africa. Founded in 1971 and listed on the Oslo Stock Exchange, the Company holds stakes in onshore and offshore licenses at various stages of exploration, development and production in the Kurdistan region of Iraq, Norway, the United Kingdom, Côte d’Ivoire, Netherlands and Yemen.

    This information is subject to the disclosure requirements pursuant to section 5-12 of the Norwegian Securities Trading Act.

    This information is subject to the disclosure requirements pursuant to Section 5-12 the Norwegian Securities Trading Act

    Attachments

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI Economics: Underwriting Auction for sale of Government Securities for ₹22,000 crore on February 07, 2025

    Source: Reserve Bank of India

    Government of India has announced the sale (re-issue) of Government Securities, as detailed below, through auctions to be held on February 07, 2025 (Friday).

    As per the extant scheme of underwriting commitment notified on November 14, 2007, the amounts of Minimum Underwriting Commitment (MUC) and the minimum bidding commitment under Additional Competitive Underwriting (ACU) auction, applicable to each Primary Dealer (PD), are as under:

    (₹ crore)
    Security Notified Amount MUC amount per PD Minimum bidding commitment per PD under ACU auction
    6.92% GS 2039 12,000 286 286
    7.09% GS 2054 10,000 239 239

    The underwriting auction will be conducted through multiple price-based method on February 07, 2025 (Friday). PDs may submit their bids for ACU auction electronically through Core Banking Solution (E-Kuber) System between 10:30 A.M. and 11:00 A.M. on the day of underwriting auction.

    The underwriting commission will be credited to the current account of the respective PDs with RBI on the day of issue of securities.

    Ajit Prasad          
    Deputy General Manager
    (Communications)    

    Press Release: 2024-2025/2085

    MIL OSI Economics

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Secretary-General’s message on the International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation [scroll down for French version]

    Source: United Nations – English

    emale genital mutilation is a horrific act of gender-based violence.

    More than 230 million girls and women alive today are survivors of this abhorrent practice.  

    As one of the most brutal manifestations of gender inequality, female genital mutilation inflicts profound, lifelong physical and mental harm, carries life-threatening health risks, and violates the rights of women and girls to bodily autonomy, safety, and dignity.

    Eradicating this vicious human rights violation is urgent, and it is possible.

    As this year’s theme reminds us, we are making progress, but we must pick up the pace. We must strengthen global movements to break down harmful attitudes, beliefs and gender stereotypes. And we need to bolster strong partnerships between governments, grassroots organizations and survivors to supercharge efforts and eliminate this scourge by 2030.  

    The Pact for the Future, agreed at the United Nations last September, includes a commitment by Member States to eliminate female genital mutilation by tackling negative social norms and gender discrimination.  

    Let’s join forces to make female genital mutilation history and ensure a brighter, healthier, and more just future for all women and girls everywhere.

    *****

    Les mutilations génitales féminines sont d’atroces actes de violence de genre.

    Plus de 230 millions de filles et de femmes actuellement en vie ont réchappé à cette pratique abominable.

    Les mutilations génitales féminines sont l’une des manifestations les plus brutales de l’inégalité entre les genres : elles infligent des blessures physiques et psychologiques profondes et irréversibles, elles engendrent des risques mortels pour la santé et elles portent atteinte aux droits des femmes et des filles de disposer de leur corps et de vivre en toute sécurité et dans la dignité.

    Il est urgent, et de surcroît possible, de faire disparaître cette violation barbare des droits humains.

    Comme nous le rappelle le thème de cette année, nous avançons, quoiqu’il faille accélérer la cadence. Il nous faut renforcer les mouvements qui, à travers le monde, viennent à bout des comportements néfastes et déconstruisent les croyances pernicieuses ainsi que les stéréotypes préjudiciables liés au genre. Il nous faut en outre consolider les partenariats entre les pouvoirs publics, les organisations citoyennes et les survivantes pour amplifier les efforts et extirper ce fléau d’ici à 2030.

    Dans le Pacte pour l’avenir adopté sous les auspices de l’Organisation des Nations Unies en septembre dernier, les États Membres se sont notamment engagés à éliminer les mutilations génitales féminines en luttant contre les normes sociales négatives et la discrimination fondée sur le genre.

    Unissons nos forces pour reléguer les mutilations génitales féminines aux oubliettes de l’histoire et pour assurer à toutes les femmes et à toutes les filles, partout dans le monde, une meilleure santé ainsi qu’un avenir plus radieux et plus juste.

    MIL OSI Africa

  • MIL-OSI Russia: Sergei Sobyanin: Moscow is developing digital services in the cultural sphere

    Translartion. Region: Russians Fedetion –

    Source: Moscow Government – Government of Moscow –

    Moscow has created an ecosystem of digital services that simplify interactions between city residents and cultural institutions. These include a single library card, a service for renting spaces in city cultural institutions, a ticket system on the mos.ru portal, and others. Sergei Sobyanin spoke about new functions and the development of digital services in the cultural sphere in his Telegram channel.

    Source: Sergei Sobyanin’s Telegram channel @Mos_Sobyanin

    Unified library card

    Since 2018, apply single library card can be done in person at the city library. In 2021, the mos.ru portal launched an electronic service, “Obtaining a single library card,” with which users can obtain a digital version of the document. As of 2024, Muscovites have already issued about 1.2 million library cards. It is convenient to use the digital version of the single library card in the My ID mobile app.

    A single library card can be linked to a school card “Moskvenok”. In this case, access to the funds of the capital’s libraries will be provided by the usual school key card. In addition, the ticket can be linked to a Muscovite card. Since 2021, readers have been finding, booking the books they need and extending their use using the service “Moscow Libraries” on the mos.ru portal. Here you can also view a list of events taking place in the capital’s reading rooms. And a recommendation system using artificial intelligence technologies will offer the user a selection of literature based on his tastes and booking history.

    In 2024, Muscovites were given the opportunity to pick up publications from book machines — contactless street book distribution points. They were placed in 10 city parks. You can pick up a book from a book machine using a single library card. Residents of the capital have already received more than 2.8 thousand publications in this way.

    Muscovites received over 6.6 million publications with a single library card in 2024DIT reminded about useful functions of the service “Moscow Libraries”

    Portal “Discover Moscow”

    Information portal “Get to Know Moscow” was created in 2013 and became one of the first digital projects telling about the sights and history of the city. Today the portal presents 407 museums, 2341 buildings, 702 monuments, 490 memorial sites, 287 routes around the city, 32 virtual tours and 134 online quests.

    The portal operates on the principle of a digital encyclopedia: each registered user can offer information about an object, which is verified before publication, and audiovisual elements.

    The portal hosts contests and thematic quizzes. The “Poster” section contains a schedule of events held in Moscow’s cultural institutions.

    The portal has mobile applications for Android and iOS. In 2024, a new type of content appeared in the mobile application “Discover Moscow” – users can see in augmented reality (AR) mode how buildings and structures that have not survived to this day would look in modern urban development. For example, the Red Gate, the Sukharev Tower, the building of the eighth Stalinist skyscraper and other historical architectural objects.

    The portal “Learn Moscow” published an online quiz for the 270th anniversary of the founding of Moscow State UniversityIn 2024, the portal “Discover Moscow” was visited about six million times

    City venue rental service

    Since 2021, Muscovites can rent premises in city cultural institutions on the mos.ru portal to hold lectures, master classes, educational classes and other events. Today, the service “Together with culture” offers more than 1.5 thousand premises in 42 cultural institutions. Since the project’s creation, Muscovites have booked the capital’s venues more than 43 thousand times.

    The service is used by both business representatives and ordinary citizens. In 2024, it was most often used by individuals, who mainly booked premises for master classes, meetings and trainings. Legal entities and individual entrepreneurs, as a rule, organized concerts, held rehearsals, seminars and lectures.

    More than 20 thousand events were held on the sites of the “Together with Culture” service in 2024The Moscow Department of Information Technologies told which sites can be rented in the “Together with Culture” service for events with children

    Online services for enrolling in children’s art schools and clubs

    In the summer of 2024, the mos.ru portal upgraded its online registration service for educational programs at children’s art schools, as well as for clubs organized in cultural centers, libraries, and parks. During the admissions campaign, about 10 thousand educational programs and clubs were available for registration. During the service’s operation, Muscovites have submitted about 700 thousand applications for enrollment of children in additional education institutions.

    Mosbilet system

    Mosbilet was launched in the fall of 2020. With this system, you can buy tickets to museums and theaters, rent and pay for city skating rinks, swimming pools and picnic areas. Today, 43 percent of tickets for events at city cultural institutions are purchased through this system, all of which are sold without a markup. Last year alone, more than 7.4 million tickets were issued through the system. It is expected that by the end of 2025, Mosbilet will be able to purchase tickets to all city cultural institutions.

    How to use QR codes for tickets to events in Moscow cultural institutionsPlan your leisure time and buy tickets: what else can the “Posters” section on mos.ru help with?

    Ticket purchase service via Mos ID

    In December 2024, a service for selling tickets to events in Moscow cultural institutions via Mos ID, an account on the mos.ru portal, was launched. Buying tickets through the city ticket system Mosbilet using a standard or full mos.ru account simplifies the process of entering data into the electronic ticket sales form: there is no need to enter the last name, first name, email address and phone number manually. Ticket QR codes are generated and displayed in the city mobile applications “My Moscow”, “Moscow State Services” and “My id”, as well as in your personal account on mos.ru. They can be shown at the entrance instead of a paper ticket. From March 15, 2025, when entering using a QR code from the application, visitors will not be required to present a document entitling them to do so.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    Please Note; This Information is Raw Content Directly from the Information Source. It is account to What the Source Is Stating and Does Not Reflect the Position of Mil-Sosi or Its Clients.

    HTTPS: //vv.mos.ru/mayor/tkhemes/12350050/

    MIL OSI Russia News

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Secretary-General’s message on the International Day of Zero Tolerance for Female Genital Mutilation [scroll down for French version]

    Source: United Nations secretary general

    Female genital mutilation is a horrific act of gender-based violence.

    More than 230 million girls and women alive today are survivors of this abhorrent practice.  

    As one of the most brutal manifestations of gender inequality, female genital mutilation inflicts profound, lifelong physical and mental harm, carries life-threatening health risks, and violates the rights of women and girls to bodily autonomy, safety, and dignity.

    Eradicating this vicious human rights violation is urgent, and it is possible.

    As this year’s theme reminds us, we are making progress, but we must pick up the pace. We must strengthen global movements to break down harmful attitudes, beliefs and gender stereotypes. And we need to bolster strong partnerships between governments, grassroots organizations and survivors to supercharge efforts and eliminate this scourge by 2030.  

    The Pact for the Future, agreed at the United Nations last September, includes a commitment by Member States to eliminate female genital mutilation by tackling negative social norms and gender discrimination.  

    Let’s join forces to make female genital mutilation history and ensure a brighter, healthier, and more just future for all women and girls everywhere.

    *****

    Les mutilations génitales féminines sont d’atroces actes de violence de genre.

    Plus de 230 millions de filles et de femmes actuellement en vie ont réchappé à cette pratique abominable.

    Les mutilations génitales féminines sont l’une des manifestations les plus brutales de l’inégalité entre les genres : elles infligent des blessures physiques et psychologiques profondes et irréversibles, elles engendrent des risques mortels pour la santé et elles portent atteinte aux droits des femmes et des filles de disposer de leur corps et de vivre en toute sécurité et dans la dignité.

    Il est urgent, et de surcroît possible, de faire disparaître cette violation barbare des droits humains.

    Comme nous le rappelle le thème de cette année, nous avançons, quoiqu’il faille accélérer la cadence. Il nous faut renforcer les mouvements qui, à travers le monde, viennent à bout des comportements néfastes et déconstruisent les croyances pernicieuses ainsi que les stéréotypes préjudiciables liés au genre. Il nous faut en outre consolider les partenariats entre les pouvoirs publics, les organisations citoyennes et les survivantes pour amplifier les efforts et extirper ce fléau d’ici à 2030.

    Dans le Pacte pour l’avenir adopté sous les auspices de l’Organisation des Nations Unies en septembre dernier, les États Membres se sont notamment engagés à éliminer les mutilations génitales féminines en luttant contre les normes sociales négatives et la discrimination fondée sur le genre.

    Unissons nos forces pour reléguer les mutilations génitales féminines aux oubliettes de l’histoire et pour assurer à toutes les femmes et à toutes les filles, partout dans le monde, une meilleure santé ainsi qu’un avenir plus radieux et plus juste.

    MIL OSI United Nations News

  • MIL-OSI China: Chinese naval fleet to join multinational exercise in Pakistan

    Source: China State Council Information Office 2

    A Chinese naval fleet consisting of the vessels of Baotou and Gaoyouhu will participate in a multinational joint exercise in Pakistan this February at the invitation of the Pakistani military, China’s Ministry of National Defense said Thursday.
    During the exercise, code-named “Peace-2025,” participating vessels will conduct drills focused on maritime resupply, joint anti-piracy operations, search and rescue, and air defense, which are aimed at enhancing the capability of jointly safeguarding maritime security, the ministry said.

    MIL OSI China News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Gov. Pillen Attends President Trump’s Signing of Executive Order: No Men in Women’s Sports

    Source: US State of Nebraska

    . Pillen Attends President Trump’s Signing of Executive Order: No Men in Women’s Sports

     

    LINCOLN, NE – Today, Governor Jim Pillen joined a packed room of female athletes, senators, governors, attorney’s general and other supporters at the White House as President Donald J. Trump signed his executive order, No Men in Women’s Sports. The signing happened on the 39th annual National Girls and Women in Sports Day.

     

    In August 2023, Governor Pillen became the second governor in the nation to enact a Women’s Bill of Rights. Legislation brought by Senator Kathleen Kauth on behalf of the Governor expands on that executive order. LB89 provides protections to girls and women who compete in sports and ensures their privacy in bathrooms and locker rooms designated for use by the opposite biological sex.

     

    Gov. Pillen said, “I signed the Women’s Bill of Rights, which affirmed that men are men and women are women, and today, I was honored to be at the White House with President Trump as he signed his No Men in Women’s Sports executive order into federal law.”

    Gov. Pillen and Speaker of the House Mike Johnson

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI: Societe Generale: Fourth quarter & 2024 full year results

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    RESULTS AT 31 DECEMBER 2024

    Press release                                                        
    Paris, 6 February 2025

    2024 RESULTS ABOVE ALL GROUP TARGETS
    GROUP NET INCOME OF EUR 4.2 BILLION, +69% vs. 2023

    Annual revenues of EUR 26.8 billion, up by +6.7% vs. 2023, above the ≥+5% target set for 2024, driven in particular by the strong rebound in net interest income in France and by an excellent performance in Global Banking and Investor Solutions with revenues above EUR 10 billion

    Cost-to-income ratio of 69.0%, below the target of <71% set for 2024, thanks to tight control of costs, which are stable vs. 2023

    Cost of risk at 26 basis points, at the lower end of the 2024 guidance range

    Profitability (ROTE) of 6.9%, above the target of >6% expected for 2024

    CET1 ratio of 13.3% at end-2024, around 310 basis points above regulatory requirement

    +75% INCREASE IN DISTRIBUTION TO SHAREHOLDERS VS. 2023

    Proposed distribution of EUR 1,740 million1, equivalent to EUR 2.18 per share1, composed of:

    • a cash dividend of EUR 1.09 per share to be proposed to the General Meeting
    • a share buyback programme of EUR 872 million, equivalent to EUR 1.09 per share1. ECB approval has been obtained to launch the programme, due to start on 10 February 2025
    • Increase of the payout ratio to 50% of net income2

    2025 FINANCIAL TARGETS, STRONG CAPITAL, EXECUTION DISCIPLINE

    Revenue growth of more than +3%3 vs. 2024

    Decrease in costs above -1%3 vs. 2024

    Improvement of the cost-to-income ratio, less than 66% in 2025

    Cost of risk between 25 and 30 basis points in 2025

    Increase of the ROTE, more than 8% in 2025

    CET1 ratio above 13% post Basel IV throughout the year 2025

    With a solid CET1 ratio ahead of the capital trajectory, we are proposing to improve the distribution policy with:

    • an overall distribution payout ratio of 50% of net income2
    • a balanced distribution between cash dividends and share buybacks

    Slawomir Krupa, the Group’s Chief Executive Officer, commented:
    “In 2024, our performance improves materially. All our targets are exceeded and ahead of plan. Strong capital build-up, strong and sustainable business growth, strong cost control and risk management, and a material progress in our integration projects led to the doubling of the earnings per share. Against this strong backdrop, we are improving both the 2024 distribution and our distribution policy. I would like to thank the entire Societe Generale team for their dedication and remarkable commitment, every single day, to serving our clients and our Bank.
    We will continue to focus in 2025 on the relentless execution of our strategy, improving our performance even further.”

    1. GROUP CONSOLIDATED RESULTS
    In EURm Q4 24 Q4 23 Change 2024 2023 Change
    Net banking income 6,621 5,957 +11.1% +12.5%* 26,788 25,104 +6.7% +5.7%*
    Operating expenses (4,595) (4,666) -1.5% -0.7%* (18,472) (18,524) -0.3% -1.6%*
    Gross operating income 2,026 1,291 +57.0% +61.3%* 8,316 6,580 +26.4% +26.6%*
    Net cost of risk (338) (361) -6.4% -4.9%* (1,530) (1,025) +49.3% +48.6%*
    Operating income 1,688 930 +81.6% +87.4%* 6,786 5,555 +22.2% +22.5%*
    Net income/expense from other assets (11) (21) +48.9% +45.2%* (77) (113) +31.4% +26.3%*
    Income tax (413) (302) +36.6% +40.5%* (1,601) (1,679) -4.7% -4.9%*
    Net income 1,273 612 x 2.1 x 2.1* 5,129 3,449 +48.7% +49.6%*
    O.w. non-controlling interests 233 183 +27.0% +33.6%* 929 957 -3.0% -9.3%*
    Group net income 1,041 429 x 2.4 x 2.5* 4,200 2,492 +68.6% +73.2%*
    ROE 5.8% 1.5%     6.1% 3.1% +0.0% +0.0%*
    ROTE 6.6% 1.7%     6.9% 4.2% +0.0% +0.0%*
    Cost to income 69.4% 78.3%     69.0% 73.8% +0.0% +0.0%*

    Asterisks* in the document refer to data at constant perimeter and exchange rates

    The Board of Directors of Societe Generale, which met on 5 February 2025 under the chairmanship of Lorenzo Bini Smaghi, examined the Societe Generale Group’s results for Q4 24 and endorsed the 2024 financial statements.

    Net banking income 

    Net banking income stood at EUR 6.6 billion, up by +11.1% vs. Q4 23.

    Revenues of French Retail, Private Banking and Insurance were up by +15.5% vs. Q4 23 and totalled EUR 2.3 billion in Q4 24. Net interest income increased in Q4 24 (+36% vs. Q4 23), in line with the latest estimates. Assets under management in Private Banking and Insurance increased by +7% each in Q4 24 vs. Q4 23. Lastly, BoursoBank showed strong growth momentum with more than 460,000 new clients in the quarter, allowing to reach a client base of 7.2 million clients at end-December 2024, above the target of 7 million clients set for end-2024. In addition, BoursoBank posted a positive contribution to Group net income in 2024 for the second year in a row.

    Global Banking and Investor Solutions registered a +12.4% increase in revenues relative to Q4 23. Revenues amounted to EUR 2.5 billion for the quarter, driven by strong momentum across all businesses. Global Markets grew by 9.8% in Q4 24 vs. Q4 23. Revenues from the Equities business were up by +10%, reaching a record level for a fourth quarter. They were driven by favourable market conditions, particularly after the result of the presidential elections in the United States. Fixed Income and Currencies were up by +9% owing to solid commercial activity in financing and intermediation across all asset classes. In Financing and Advisory, solid commercial momentum was recorded in structured finance and the performance of M&A and advisory continued to rebound. Likewise, Global Transaction & Payment Services posted a +26% increase in revenues vs. Q4 23, driven by a sustained commercial development across all businesses, particularly in correspondent banking.

    Mobility, International Retail Banking and Financial Services’ revenues were up by +2.0% vs. Q4 23, mainly due to an increase in margins at Ayvens. International Retail Banking recorded a -3.6% fall in revenues vs. Q4 23 at EUR 1.0 billion, due to a scope effect related to the asset disposals finalised in Africa (Morocco, Chad, Congo, Madagascar). Revenues were up +3.4% at constant perimeter and exchange rates. Revenues from Mobility and Financial Services were up by +8.3% vs. Q4 23 mainly due to non-recuring items in Q4 23 and improved margins at Ayvens.

    The Corporate Centre recorded revenues of EUR -159 million in Q4 24.

    Over 2024, net banking income increased by +6.7% vs. 2023.

    Operating expenses 

    Operating expenses came out to EUR 4,595 million in Q4 24, down by -1.5% vs. Q4 23.
    They include a scope effect of around EUR 46 million related to the integration of Bernstein’s cash equity operations and a decrease in transformation costs of EUR 26 million. Excluding these items, operating expenses were down by nearly -2% in Q4 24 vs. Q4-23 owing to the effect of the cost saving measures implemented across all business lines.

    The cost-to-income ratio stood at 69.4% in Q4 24, significantly lower than in Q4 23 (78.3%).

    Over 2024, operating expenses remained relatively stable (-0.3% vs. 2023), thanks from rigorous cost management. The cost-to-income ratio stood at 69.0% (vs. 73.8% in 2023), a level below the target of 71% for 2024.

    Cost of risk

    The cost of risk fell to 23 basis points over the quarter (or EUR 338 million). This includes a EUR 386 million provision for non-performing loans (around 26 basis points) and a reversal of a provision on performing loans for EUR -48 million.

    At end-December, the Group’s provisions on performing loans amounted to EUR 3,119 million, stable relative to 30 September 2024. The EUR -453 million contraction relative to 31 December 2023 is mainly owing to the application of IFRS 5.

    The gross non-performing loan ratio stood at 2.81%4,5 at 31 December 2024, significantly down vs. end of September 2024 (2.95%). The net coverage ratio on the Group’s non-performing loans stood at 81%6 at 31 December 2024 (after taking into account guarantees and collateral).

    Net profits from other assets

    The Group recorded a net loss of EUR -11 million in Q4 24, mainly related to the accounting impacts of finalised asset sales, such as the disposals of our activities in Morocco and Madagascar.

    Group net income

    Group net income stood at EUR 1,041 million for the quarter, equating to a Return on Tangible Equity (ROTE) of 6.6%.

    Over the year, Group net income stood at EUR 4,200 million, equating to a Return on Tangible Equity (ROTE) of 6.9%.

    Shareholder distribution

    The Board of Directors approved the distribution policy for the 2024 fiscal year, aiming to distribute EUR 2.18 per share, equivalent to EUR 1,740 million, of which EUR 872 million in share buyback7. A cash dividend of EUR 1.09 per share will be proposed at the General Meeting of Shareholders on 20 May 2025. The dividend will be detached on 26 May 2025 and paid out on 28 May 2025.

    1. AN ESTABLISHED ESG STRATEGY FROM WHICH TO STEP FORWARD

    In 2024, Societe Generale accelerated the execution of its ESG roadmap, particularly with respect to the contribution to the environmental transition:

    • The Group now covers ~70% of companies’8 financed emissions, with 10 alignment targets for the carbon-intensive sectors. It has already reduced its oil and gas upstream exposure by more than 50% since the end of 20199
    • In Q2 24 and ahead of schedule, the Group reached its target of EUR 300 billion for sustainable finance planned for the period 2022-2025. A new target of EUR 500 billion, complementing the work carried out as part of the portfolio alignment, was announced for the period 2024-2030. This will help increase the orientation of financial flows towards decarbonization activities.

    The Group has broadened the scope of actions to prepare for a sustainable future by supporting new players and new technologies:

    • The EUR 1 billion investment for the transition, announced during the Capital Markets Day, has entered its operationalization phase
    • A new partnership with the EIB to unlock up to EUR 8 billion in the wind industry supply chain in Europe was signed in Q4 24.

    At the same time, ESG risk management continues to be strengthened, enhancing forward-looking assessments of environmental risk materiality and further integrating environmental, social and governance risks into the risk framework.
    Lastly, the Group is moving forward with its ambitions as a responsible employer: at the end of 2024, the “Group Leaders Circle” (Top 250) had ~30% women executives10 and ~30% international members. As announced during the Capital Markets Day, the EUR 100 million envelope commitment to reduce the gender pay gap was launched in 2023.

    1. THE GROUP’S FINANCIAL STRUCTURE

    At 31 December 2024, the Group’s Common Equity Tier 1 ratio stood at 13.3%11, around 310 basis points above the regulatory requirement. Likewise, the Liquidity Coverage Ratio (LCR) was well ahead of regulatory requirements at 156% at end-December 2024 (145% on average for the quarter), and the Net Stable Funding Ratio (NSFR) stood at 117% at end-December 2024.

    All liquidity and solvency ratios are well above the regulatory requirements.

      31/12/2024 31/12/2023 Requirements
    CET1(1) 13.3% 13.1% 10.24%
    Fully-loaded CET1 13.3% 13.1% 10.24%
    Tier 1 ratio (1) 16.1% 15.6% 12.17%
    Total Capital(1) 18.9% 18.2% 14.73%
    Leverage ratio(1) 4.34% 4.25% 3.60%
    TLAC (% RWA)(1) 29.7% 31.9% 22.31%
    TLAC (% leverage)(1) 8.0% 8.7% 6.75%
    MREL (% RWA)(1) 34.2% 33.7% 27.58%
    MREL (% leverage)(1) 9.2% 9.2% 6.23%
    End of period LCR 156% 160% >100%
    Period average LCR 145% 155% >100%
    NSFR 117% 119% >100%
    In EURbn 31/12/2024 31/12/2023
    Total consolidated balance sheet 1,574 1,554
    Shareholders’ equity (IFRS), Group share 70 66
    Risk-weighted assets 390 389
    O.w. credit risk 327 326
    Total funded balance sheet 952 970
    Customer loans 463 497
    Customer deposits 614 618

    At 31 December 2024, the parent company had issued EUR 43.2 billion in medium/long-term debt under its 2024 funding program. The subsidiaries had issued EUR 4.7 billion. In all, the Group has issued a total of EUR 47.9 billion.

    At 10 January 2025, the parent company 2025 funding program was executed at 47% for vanilla notes.

    The Group is rated by four rating agencies: (i) FitchRatings – long-term rating “A-”, stable outlook, senior preferred debt rating “A”, short-term rating “F1”; (ii) Moody’s – long-term rating (senior preferred debt) “A1”, negative outlook, short-term rating “P-1”; (iii) R&I – long-term rating (senior preferred debt) “A”, stable outlook; and (iv) S&P Global Ratings – long-term rating (senior preferred debt) “A”, stable outlook, short-term rating “A-1”.

    1. FRENCH RETAIL, PRIVATE BANKING AND INSURANCE
    In EURm Q4 24 Q4 23 Change 2024 2023 Change
    Net banking income 2,267 1,963 +15.5% 8,657 8,053 +7.5%
    Of which net interest income 1,091 801 +36.2% 3,868 3,199 +20.9%
    Of which fees 1,028 948 +8.5% 4,108 3,975 +3.3%
    Operating expenses (1,672) (1,683) -0.7% (6,634) (6,756) -1.8%
    Gross operating income 596 280 x 2.1 2,024 1,297 +56.0%
    Net cost of risk (115) (163) -29.6% (712) (505) +41.0%
    Operating income 481 118 x 4.1 1,312 792 +65.6%
    Net profits or losses from other assets (2) 5 n/s 6 9 -35.1%
    Group net income 360 90 x 4.0 991 596 +66.2%
    RONE 9.1% 2.3%   6.3% 3.9%  
    Cost to income 73.7% 85.7%   76.6% 83.9%  

    Commercial activity

    SG Network, Private Banking and Insurance 

    The SG Network’s average outstanding deposits amounted to EUR 232 billion in Q4 24, down by -1% on Q4 23, with strong shift of inflows into investment products and savings life insurance.

    The SG Network’s average loan outstandings contracted by -4% vs. Q4 23 to EUR 194 billion, but -2.5% excluding PGE (state guaranteed loans). Outstanding loans to corporate and professional clients grew vs. Q3 24 excluding state guaranteed PGE loans, and individual clients lending experienced an increased commercial momentum.

    The average loan to deposit ratio came to 83.6% in Q4 24, down by 2.6 percentage points relative to Q4 23.

    Private Banking activities saw their assets under management12 maintain a record level of EUR 154 billion in Q4 24, up by +7% vs. Q4 23. Net gathering stood at EUR 6.3 billion in 2024, the annual net asset gathering pace (net new money divided by AuM) being at +4% in 2024. Net banking income came to EUR 348 million over the quarter, a decrease of -2% vs. Q4 23. It stands at EUR 1,469 million for 2024, unchanged from 2023.

    Insurance, which covers activities in and outside France, posted a very strong commercial performance. Life insurance outstandings increased sharply by +7% vs. Q4 23 to reach a record EUR 146 billion at                end-December 2024. The share of unit-linked products remained high at 40%. Savings Life insurance gross inflows amounted to EUR 3.4 billion in Q4 24, and EUR 18.3 billion for 2024, up by +42% vs. 2023.

    Personal protection and P&C premia were up by +3% vs. Q4 23 (+5% at constant perimeter).

    BoursoBank 

    BoursoBank’s growth momentum continued with more than 460K new clients in the fourth quarter of 2024. BoursoBank reached almost 7.2 million clients in December 2024, above 2024 target.

    Thanks notably to its comprehensive banking offer and recognized among the “Digital Leaders”13, the Bank has a low attrition rate (~3% in 2024), still down vs. 2023.

    BoursoBank continued its profitable growth trajectory in 2024 with a cost per client down by -17.0% vs. 2023 with an expanding client base, more than 1.3 million net clients over 12 months (+22.4% vs. 2023).

    Loans outstanding improved by +5.4% relative to Q4 23, at EUR 16 billion in Q4 24.

    Average outstanding in savings including deposits and financial savings were +15.5% higher vs. Q4 23 at EUR 64 billion. Deposits outstanding totalled EUR 39 billion in Q4 24, posting another strong increase of +15.4% vs. Q4 23, driven by interest-bearing savings. Average life insurance outstandings, at EUR 13 billion in Q4 24, rose by +10.2% vs. Q4 23 (o/w 48% in unit-lined products, +3.8 percentage points vs. Q4 23). The activity continued to register strong gross inflows over the quarter (+50.4% vs. Q4 23, 65% unit-linked products).

    For the second year in a row, BoursoBank recorded a positive contribution to Group net income in 2024.

    At end of 2025, BoursoBank aims to exceed 8 million clients.

    Net banking income

    Over the quarter, revenues amounted to EUR 2,267 million (including PEL/CEL provision), up by +15% compared with Q4 23 and up by +1% compared with Q3 24. Net interest income grew by +36% vs. Q4 23 and +3% vs. Q3 24. Fee income rose by +9% relative to Q4 23.

    Over the year, revenues reached EUR 8,657 million, up by +8% compared with 2023 (including PEL/CEL provision). Net interest income was up by +21% vs. 2023. Fees increased by +3% relative to 2023.

    Operating expenses

    Over the quarter, operating expenses came to EUR 1,672 million, down -1% compared to Q4 23. The cost-to-income ratio reached 73.7% in Q4 24 and improved by 12 percentage points vs. Q4 23.

    Over the year, operating expenses totalled EUR 6,634 million, decreasing by -2% vs. 2023.                                         The cost-to-income ratio stood at 76.6% and improved by 7.3 percentage points compared with 2023.

    Cost of risk

    Over the quarter, the cost of risk amounted to EUR 115 million, or 20 basis points, down compared with Q3 24 (30 basis points).

    Over the year, the cost of risk totalled EUR 712 million, or 30 basis points.

    Group net income

    Over the quarter, Group net income totalled EUR 360 million. RONE stood at 9.1% in Q4 24.

    Over the year, Group net income totalled EUR 991 million. RONE stood at 6.3% for the year.

    1. GLOBAL BANKING AND INVESTOR SOLUTIONS
    In EURm Q4 24 Q4 23 Change 2024 2023 Change
    Net banking income 2,457 2,185 +12.4% +11.6%* 10,122 9,642 +5.0% +4.8%*
    Operating expenses (1,644) (1,601) +2.7% +2.0%* (6,542) (6,788) -3.6% -3.7%*
    Gross operating income 812 584 +39.0% +37.9%* 3,580 2,854 +25.4% +25.0%*
    Net cost of risk (97) (38) x 2.5 x 2.5* (126) (30) x 4.2 x 4.3*
    Operating income 715 546 +31.0% +30.1%* 3,455 2,824 +22.3% +21.9%*
    Group net income 627 467 +34.4% +33.0%* 2,788 2,280 +22.2% +21.7%*
    RONE 16.6% 12.2% +0.0% +0.0%* 18.4% 14.8% +0.0% +0.0%*
    Cost to income 66.9% 73.3% +0.0% +0.0%* 64.6% 70.4% +0.0% +0.0%*

    Net banking income

    Global Banking & Investor Solutions delivered an excellent fourth quarter, with revenues up by +12.4% compared with Q4 23, at EUR 2,457 million.

    Over 2024, revenues reached a record14 level of EUR 10,122 million, up by +5.0% vs. FY23, owing to excellent momentum across all business lines.

    Global Markets and Investor Services recorded a sharp rise in revenues over the quarter vs Q4 23 of +9.8% to EUR 1,493 million. Over 2024, they totalled EUR 6,557 million, up by +4.5% vs. FY 2023. This growth is the result of solid performance across all activities.

    Global Markets posted both a record fourth quarter and a record1 year with revenues, respectively, of EUR 1,332 million, up +9.5% vs. Q4 23, and EUR 5,884 million, up +5.6% vs. 2023, in a market environment that remains conducive.

    The Equities business delivered an excellent performance, with both a record year and fourth quarter. In Q4 24, revenues amounted to EUR 831 million, a steady increase of +10.0% vs. Q4 23, benefiting from a strong commercial dynamic post US elections especially in flow, listed products and financing activities. Over 2024, revenues increased sharply by +12.2% versus 2023 to EUR 3,569 million.

    Fixed Income and Currencies grew by +8.8% to EUR 501 million in Q4 24, thanks to a solid performance across all products, with an increased client engagement across Corporates and Financial Institutions following the impact of the US elections on rates and currencies. In addition, European rates and currencies franchise outperformed, together with solid secured financing opportunities in the Americas. Over 2024, revenues decreased slightly by -3.2% to EUR 2,315 million.

    Securities Services’ revenues were sharply up by +12.4% versus Q4 23 at EUR 162 million but increased by +4.8% excluding the impact of equity participations. The business continued to reap the benefit of a positive fee generation trend and robust momentum in fund distribution, especially in France and Italy. Over 2024, revenues were down by -4.0%, but up by +2.8% excluding equity participations. Assets under Custody and Assets under Administration amounted to EUR 4,921 billion and EUR 623 billion, respectively.

    The Financing and Advisory business posted revenues of EUR 964 million, up by +16.7% vs. Q4 23. Over 2024, revenues totalled EUR 3,566 million, up by +5.8% vs. 2023.

    The Global Banking & Advisory business grew steadily by +13.7% compared with Q4 23 with a double digit increase in fees vs. Q4 23 driven by strong origination and distribution volumes in Fund Financing and Structured Finance. The rebound in M&A and Advisory continued in the fourth quarter with a strong increase in revenues. This is the second best quarter ever in terms of revenues, close to record Q4 22. Over 2024, revenues grew by +3.2% vs. 2023.

    The Global Transaction & Payment Services business once again delivered an excellent performance compared with Q4 23. The sharp increase in revenues of +26.1% was driven by solid commercial momentum in all activities, as well as a high level of fee generation, led by a strong performance in correspondent banking. Over 2024, revenues saw a steady increase of +13.9%. This represents a record year and fourth quarter.

    Operating expenses

    Operating expenses came out to EUR 1,644 million for the quarter, including around EUR 32 million in transformation costs. They are up by +2.7% relative to Q4 23. The cost-to-income ratio came to 66.9% in Q4 24.

    Over 2024, operating expenses decreased by -3.6% compared with 2023 and the cost-to-income ratio came to 64.6%.

    Cost of risk

    Over the quarter, the cost of risk was EUR 97 million, or 24 basis points vs. 9 basis points in Q4 23.

    Over 2024, the cost of risk was EUR 126 million, or 8 basis points.

    Group net income

    Group net income recorded strong growth, up by +34.4% vs. Q4 23 to EUR 627 million. Over 2024, Group net income rose sharply by +22.2% to EUR 2,788 million.

    Global Banking and Investor Solutions reported significant RONE of 16.6% over the quarter and 18.4% over 2024.

    1. MOBILITY, INTERNATIONAL RETAIL BANKING AND FINANCIAL SERVICES
    In EURm Q4 24 Q4 23 Change 2024 2023 Change
    Net banking income 2,056 2,016 +2.0% +6.7%* 8,458 8,507 -0.6% -3.8%*
    Operating expenses (1,240) (1,281) -3.2% +0.8%* (5,072) (4,760) +6.6% +1.7%*
    Gross operating income 816 734 +11.1% +17.0%* 3,386 3,747 -9.6% -10.9%*
    Net cost of risk (133) (137) -2.5% +2.2%* (705) (486) +45.1% +43.5%*
    Operating income 682 598 +14.2% +20.4%* 2,681 3,261 -17.8% -19.1%*
    Net income/expense from other assets (2) (12) +86.1% +84.3%* 96 (11) n/s n/s
    Non-controlling interests 203 152 +33.1% +39.6%* 826 826 -0.1% -7.1%*
    Group net income 314 284 +10.5% +16.1%* 1,270 1,609 -21.1% -20.0%*
    RONE 12.0% 11.0%     12.2% 16.6%    
    Cost to income 60.3% 63.6%     60.0% 56.0%    

    (2)()

    Commercial activity

    International Retail Banking

    International Retail Banking15 activity remained strong in Q4 24 with outstanding loans at EUR 59 billion, up by +3.4%* vs. Q4 23 and deposits at EUR 74 billion, up by +3.9%* vs. Q4 23.

    Europe continues to post good commercial performance for both entities in individual and corporate client segments. With EUR 43 billion in Q4 24, outstanding loans increased by 4.9%* vs. Q4 23, across segments in Romania and more particularly in home loans in the Czech Republic. Outstanding deposits totalled EUR 55 billion in Q4 24, up by +3.8%* vs. Q4 23, mostly driven by Romania.

    In the Africa, Mediterranean Basin and Overseas France network, outstanding loans were stable* vs. Q4 23, with EUR 16 billion in Q4 24, on the back of the good performance in retail. Outstanding deposits of EUR 20 billion in Q4 24 increased by 4.0%* vs. Q4 23, mainly driven by sight deposits in retail.

    Mobility and Financial Services

    Overall, Mobility and Financial Services maintained a good commercial performance.

    Ayvens’ earning assets totalled EUR 53.6 billion at end-December 2024, a +2.9% increase vs. end-December 2023.

    Consumer Finance posted outstandings of EUR 23 billion in Q4 24, still down by -4.0% vs. Q4 23.

    With EUR 15 billion in Q4 24, Equipment Finance outstandings slightly decreased by -1.4% vs. Q4 23.

    Net banking income

    Over the quarter, Mobility, International Retail Banking and Financial Services’ revenues rose by +2.0% vs. Q4 23 to EUR 2,056 million in Q4 24.

    Over the year, revenues were stable compared with 2023 at EUR 8,458 million.

    International Retail Banking revenues reached EUR 1,029 million, up by +3.4%* vs. Q4 23. Over 2024, revenues amounted to EUR 4,161 million, up by 3.8%* vs. 2023.

    Revenues in Europe, which amounted to EUR 539 million in Q4 24, rose by +6.4%* vs. Q4 23, driven by the +3.5%* increase in net interest income for both KB in Czech Republic and BRD in Romania. Fee income increased strongly over the quarter in the Czech Republic, up by +29.5%* vs. Q4 23. Over 2024, revenues improved by +2.8%* vs. 2023 at EUR 2,028 million.

    The Africa, Mediterranean Basin and French Overseas network maintained a sustained level of revenues in Q4 24 of EUR 490 million, stable* vs. Q4 23, mainly driven by fee growth. Over 2024, revenues improved by +4.8%* vs. 2023 at EUR 2,133 million.

    Overall, revenues from Mobility and Financial Services were up by 8.3% vs. Q4 23 at EUR 1,026 million. They remained stable vs. 2023, at EUR 4,298 million in 2024.

    At Ayvens, net banking income stood at EUR 707 million in Q4 24, a sharp increase of +16,3% vs. Q4 23 as reported, and of +2.0% adjusted for non-recurring items16. The amount of margins stood at 541 basis points, generating revenues up +12%1 vs. T4-23. The used car sales markets are gradually normalising, as expected, with an average Used Car Sale (UCS) result per unit of EUR 1,2671 per unit this quarter, vs. EUR 1,4201 in Q3 24 and EUR 1,7061 in Q4 23. In 2024, Ayvens posted an increase in revenues of +1.2% vs. 2023 (at EUR 3,015 million), with an increase in underlying margins.

    The Consumer Finance entities posted revenues of EUR 216 million in Q4 24, still down by -4.2% vs. Q4 23. These are stabilizing from Q3 24, with an improvement in the margin for new production. Revenues from the Equipment Finance business was down this quarter by -9.3% vs. Q4 23, with EUR 103 million in Q4 24. In 2024, overall revenues for both businesses decreased by -4.0% vs. 2023.

    Operating expenses

    Over the quarter, operating expenses remained contained at EUR 1,240 million (-3.2% vs. Q4 23, stable* at constant perimeter and exchange rates). The cost-to-income ratio stood at 60.3% in Q4 24 vs. 63.6% in Q4 23.

    Over the year, operating expenses came to EUR 5,072 million, up by +6.6% vs. 2023. They include transformation costs of around EUR 200 million.

    International Retail Banking recorded an increase in costs of +4.8%* vs. Q4 23 (down by -2.1% at current perimeter and exchange rates, to EUR 577 million in Q4 24), still including the new bank tax in Romania, implemented since January 2024.

    Mobility and Financial Services costs reached EUR 663 million in Q4 24, down by -4.2% vs. Q4 23.

    Cost of risk

    Over the quarter, the cost of risk amounted to EUR 133 million or 32 basis points, which was considerably lower than in Q3 24 (48 basis points).

    Over the year, the cost of risk normalised to a level of 42 basis points, compared with 32 basis points in 2023.

    Group net income

    Over the quarter, Group net income came out to EUR 314 million, up by +10.5% vs. Q4 23. RONE stood at 12.0% in Q4 24. RONE was 16.3% in International Retail Banking, and 9.1% in Mobility and Financial Services in Q4 24.

    Over 2024, Group net income came out to EUR 1,270 million, down by -21.1% vs. 2023. RONE stood at 12.2% in 2024. RONE was 16.4% in International Retail Banking, and 9.4% in Mobility and Financial Services in 2024.

    1. CORPORATE CENTRE
    In EURm Q4 24 Q4 23 Change 2024 2023 Change
    Net banking income (159) (207) +23.4% +24.4%* (450) (1,098) +59.0% +59.6%*
    Operating expenses (39) (101) -61.8% -61.8%* (224) (220) +1.6% +1.4%*
    Gross operating income (197) (308) +36.0% +36.5%* (674) (1,318) +48.9% +49.5%*
    Net cost of risk 7 (23) n/s n/s 12 (4) n/s n/s
    Net income/expense from other assets (7) (15) +51.3% +51.3%* (179) (111) -61.3% -61.4%*
    Income tax (37) (45) -17.9% -16.6%* 81 (130) n/s n/s
    Group net income (261) (412) +36.7% +37.0%* (848) (1,994) +57.5% +57.8%*

    The Corporate Centre includes:

    • the property management of the Group’s head office,
    • the Group’s equity portfolio,
    • the Treasury function for the Group,
    • certain costs related to cross-functional projects, as well as several costs incurred by the Group that are not re-invoiced to the businesses.

    Net banking income

    Over the quarter, the Corporate Centre’s net banking income totalled EUR -159 million, vs. EUR  – 207 million in Q4 23.

    Over the year, the Corporate Centre’s net banking income totalled EUR -450 million, vs. EUR – 1,098 million in 2023. It includes the booking in Q3 24 of exceptional proceeds received of approximately EUR 0.3 billion17.

    Operating expenses

    Over the quarter, operating expenses totalled EUR -39 million, vs. EUR -101 million in Q4 23.

    Over the year, operating expenses totalled EUR -224 million, vs. EUR -220 million in 2023.

    Net losses from other assets

    Pursuant notably to the application of IFRS 5, the Group booked in Q4 24 various impacts from ongoing disposals of assets.

    Group net income

    Over the quarter, the Corporate Centre’s Group net income totalled EUR -261 million, vs. EUR -412 million in Q4 23.

    Over the year, the Corporate Centre’s Group net income totalled EUR -848 million, vs. EUR -1,994 million in 2023.

    To be noted that starting from 2025, normative return to businesses will be based on a 13% capital allocation.

          8.   2024 AND 2025 FINANCIAL CALENDAR

    2025 Financial communication calendar
    April 30, 2025 First quarter 2025 results
    May 20, 2025 2024 Combined General Meeting
    May 26, 2025 Dividend detachment
    May 28, 2025 Dividend payment
    July 31, 2025 Second quarter and first half 2025 results
    October 30, 2025          Third quarter and nine months 2025 results
    The Alternative Performance Measures, notably the notions of net banking income for the pillars, operating expenses, cost of risk in basis points, ROE, ROTE, RONE, net assets and tangible net assets are presented in the methodology notes, as are the principles for the presentation of prudential ratios.

    This document contains forward-looking statements relating to the targets and strategies of the Societe Generale Group.

    These forward-looking statements are based on a series of assumptions, both general and specific, in particular the application of accounting principles and methods in accordance with IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards) as adopted in the European Union, as well as the application of existing prudential regulations.

    These forward-looking statements have also been developed from scenarios based on a number of economic assumptions in the context of a given competitive and regulatory environment. The Group may be unable to:

    – anticipate all the risks, uncertainties or other factors likely to affect its business and to appraise their potential consequences;

    – evaluate the extent to which the occurrence of a risk or a combination of risks could cause actual results to differ materially from those provided in this document and the related presentation.

    Therefore, although Societe Generale believes that these statements are based on reasonable assumptions, these forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including matters not yet known to it or its management or not currently considered material, and there can be no assurance that anticipated events will occur or that the objectives set out will actually be achieved. Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results anticipated in the forward-looking statements include, among others, overall trends in general economic activity and in Societe Generale’s markets in particular, regulatory and prudential changes, and the success of Societe Generale’s strategic, operating and financial initiatives.

    More detailed information on the potential risks that could affect Societe Generale’s financial results can be found in the section “Risk Factors” in our Universal Registration Document filed with the French Autorité des Marchés Financiers (which is available on https://investors.societegenerale.com/en).

    Investors are advised to take into account factors of uncertainty and risk likely to impact the operations of the Group when considering the information contained in such forward-looking statements. Other than as required by applicable law, Societe Generale does not undertake any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking information or statements. Unless otherwise specified, the sources for the business rankings and market positions are internal.

          9.   APPENDIX 1: FINANCIAL DATA

    GROUP NET INCOME BY CORE BUSINESS

    In EURm Q4 24 Q4 23 Variation 2024 2023 Variation
    French Retail, Private Banking and Insurance 360 90 x 4.0 991 596 +66.2%
    Global Banking and Investor Solutions 627 467 +34.4% 2,788 2,280 +22.2%
    Mobility, International Retail Banking & Financial Services 314 284 +10.5% 1,270 1,609 -21.1%
    Core Businesses 1,301 841 +54.7% 5,048 4,486 +12.5%
    Corporate Centre (261) (412) +36.7% (848) (1,994) +57.5%
    Group 1,041 429 x 2.4 4,200 2,492 +68.6%

    MAIN EXCEPTIONAL ITEMS

    In EURm Q4 24 Q4 23 12M24 12M23
    Net Banking Income – Total exceptional items 0 41 287 (199)
    One-off legacy items – Corporate Centre 0 41 0 (199)
    Exceptional proceeds received – Corporate Centre 0 0 287 0
             
    Operating expenses – Total one-off items and transformation charges (76) (102) (613) (765)
    Transformation charges (76) (102) (613) (730)
    Of which French Retail, Private Banking and Insurance 7 18 (132) (312)
    Of which Global Banking & Investor Solutions (32) (64) (236) (167)
    Of which Mobility, International Retail Banking & Financial Services (51) (56) (199) (251)
    Of which Corporate Centre 0 0 (47) 0
    One-off items 0 0 0 (35)
    Of which French Retail, Private Banking and Insurance 0 0 0 60
    Of which Global Banking & Investor Solutions 0 0 0 (95)
             
    Other one-off items – Total (7) (115) (74) (820)
    Net profits or losses from other assets (7) (15) (74) (112)
    Of which Mobility, International Retail Banking and Financial Services 0 0 86 0
    Of which Corporate Centre (7) (15) (160) (112)
    Goodwill impairment – Corporate Centre 0 0 0 (338)
    Provision of Deferred Tax Assets – Corporate Centre 0 (100) 0 (370)

    CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

    In EUR m   31/12/2024 31/12/2023
    Cash, due from central banks   201,680 223,048
    Financial assets at fair value through profit or loss   526,048 495,882
    Hedging derivatives   9,233 10,585
    Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income   96,024 90,894
    Securities at amortised cost   32,655 28,147
    Due from banks at amortised cost   84,051 77,879
    Customer loans at amortised cost   454,622 485,449
    Revaluation differences on portfolios hedged against interest rate risk   (292) (433)
    Insurance and reinsurance contracts assets   615 459
    Tax assets   4,687 4,717
    Other assets   70,903 69,765
    Non-current assets held for sale   26,426 1,763
    Investments accounted for using the equity method   398 227
    Tangible and intangible fixed assets   61,409 60,714
    Goodwill   5,086 4,949
    Total   1,573,545 1,554,045
    In EUR m   31/12/2024 31/12/2023
    Due to central banks   11,364 9,718
    Financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss   396,614 375,584
    Hedging derivatives   15,750 18,708
    Debt securities issued   162,200 160,506
    Due to banks   99,744 117,847
    Customer deposits   531,675 541,677
    Revaluation differences on portfolios hedged

    against interest rate risk

      (5,277) (5,857)
    Tax liabilities   2,237 2,402
    Other liabilities   90,786 93,658
    Non-current liabilities held for sale   17,079 1,703
    Insurance and reinsurance contracts liabilities   150,691 141,723
    Provisions   4,085 4,235
    Subordinated debts   17,009 15,894
    Total liabilities   1,493,957 1,477,798
    Shareholder’s equity  
    Shareholders’ equity, Group share  
    Issued common stocks and capital reserves   21,281 21,186
    Other equity instruments   9,873 8,924
    Retained earnings   33,863 32,891
    Net income   4,200 2,493
    Sub-total   69,217 65,494
    Unrealised or deferred capital gains and losses   1,039 481
    Sub-total equity, Group share   70,256 65,975
    Non-controlling interests   9,332 10,272
    Total equity   79,588 76,247
    Total   1,573,545 1,554,045

          10.    APPENDIX 2: METHODOLOGY

    1 –The financial information presented for the fourth quarter and full year 2024 was examined by the Board of Directors on February 5th, 2025 and has been prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted in the European Union and applicable at that date. The audit procedures carried out by the Statutory Auditors on the consolidated financial statements are in progress.

    2 – Net banking income

    The pillars’ net banking income is defined on page 42 of Societe Generale’s 2024 Universal Registration Document. The terms “Revenues” or “Net Banking Income” are used interchangeably. They provide a normalised measure of each pillar’s net banking income taking into account the normative capital mobilised for its activity.

    3 – Operating expenses

    Operating expenses correspond to the “Operating Expenses” as presented in note 5 to the Group’s consolidated financial statements as at December 31st, 2023. The term “costs” is also used to refer to Operating Expenses. The Cost/Income Ratio is defined on page 42 of Societe Generale’s 2024 Universal Registration Document.

    4 – Cost of risk in basis points, coverage ratio for non-performing loan outstandings

    The cost of risk is defined on pages 43 and 770 of Societe Generale’s 2024 Universal Registration Document. This indicator makes it possible to assess the level of risk of each of the pillars as a percentage of balance sheet loan commitments, including operating leases.

    In EURm   Q4 24 Q4 23 2024 2023
    French Retail, Private Banking and Insurance Net Cost Of Risk 115 163 712 505
    Gross loan Outstandings 233,298 240,533 235,539 246,701
    Cost of Risk in bp 20 27 30 20
    Global Banking and Investor Solutions Net Cost Of Risk 97 38 126 30
    Gross loan Outstandings 160,551 168,799 162,749 169,823
    Cost of Risk in bp 24 9 8 2
    Mobility, International Retail Banking & Financial Services Net Cost Of Risk 133 137 705 486
    Gross loan Outstandings 167,911 164,965 167,738 150,161
    Cost of Risk in bp 32 33 42 32
    Corporate Centre Net Cost Of Risk (7) 23 (12) 4
    Gross loan Outstandings 25,730 23,075 24,700 20,291
    Cost of Risk in bp (11) 40 (5) 2
    Societe Generale Group Net Cost Of Risk 338 361 1,530 1,025
    Gross loan Outstandings 587,490 597,371 590,725 586,977
    Cost of Risk in bp 23 24 26 17

    The gross coverage ratio for non-performing loan outstandings is calculated as the ratio of provisions recognised in respect of the credit risk to gross outstandings identified as in default within the meaning of the regulations, without taking account of any guarantees provided. This coverage ratio measures the maximum residual risk associated with outstandings in default (“non-performing loans”).

    5 – ROE, ROTE, RONE

    The notions of ROE (Return on Equity) and ROTE (Return on Tangible Equity), as well as their calculation methodology, are specified on pages 43 and 44 of Societe Generale’s 2024 Universal Registration Document. This measure makes it possible to assess Societe Generale’s return on equity and return on tangible equity.
    RONE (Return on Normative Equity) determines the return on average normative equity allocated to the Group’s businesses, according to the principles presented on page 44 of Societe Generale’s 2024 Universal Registration Document.
    Group net income used for the ratio numerator is the accounting Group net income adjusted for “Interest paid and payable to holders if deeply subordinated notes and undated subordinated notes, issue premium amortisation”. For ROTE, income is also restated for goodwill impairment.
    Details of the corrections made to the accounting equity in order to calculate ROE and ROTE for the period are given in the table below:

    ROTE calculation: calculation methodology

    End of period (in EURm) Q4 24 Q4 23 2024 2023
    Shareholders’ equity Group share 70,256 65,975 70,256 65,975
    Deeply subordinated and undated subordinated notes (10,526) (9,095) (10,526) (9,095)
    Interest payable to holders of deeply & undated subordinated notes, issue premium amortisation(1) (25) (21) (25) (21)
    OCI excluding conversion reserves 757 636 757 636
    Distribution provision(2) (1,740) (995) (1,740) (995)
    Distribution N-1 to be paid
    Equity end-of-period for ROE 58,722 56,500 58,722 56,500
    Average equity for ROE 58,204 56,607 57,223 56,396
    Average Goodwill(3) (4,192) (4,068) (4,108) (4,011)
    Average Intangible Assets (2,883) (3,188) (2,921) (3,143)
    Average equity for ROTE 51,129 49,351 50,194 49,242
             
    Group net Income 1,041 430 4,200 2,493
    Interest paid and payable to holders of deeply subordinated notes and undated subordinated notes, issue premium amortisation (199) (215) (720) (759)
    Cancellation of goodwill impairment 338
    Adjusted Group net Income 842 215 3,480 2,073
    ROTE 6.6% 1.7% 6.9% 4.2%

    181920

    RONE calculation: Average capital allocated to Core Businesses (in EURm)

    In EURm Q4 24 Q4 23 Change 2024 2023 Change
    French Retail , Private Banking and Insurance 15,731 15,445 +1.9% 15,634 15,454 +1.2%
    Global Banking and Investor Solutions 15,129 15,247 -0.8% 15,147 15,426 -1.8%
    Mobility, International Retail Banking & Financial Services 10,460 10,313 +1.4% 10,433 9,707 +7.5%
    Core Businesses 41,320 41,006 +0.8% 41,214 40,587 +1.5%
    Corporate Center 16,884 15,601 +8.2% 16,009 15,809 +1.3%
    Group 58,204 56,607 +2.8% 57,223 56,396 +1.5%

    6 – Net assets and tangible net assets

    Net assets and tangible net assets are defined in the methodology, page 45 of the Group’s 2024 Universal Registration Document. The items used to calculate them are presented below:
    2122

    End of period (in EURm) 2024 2023 2022
    Shareholders’ equity Group share 70,256 65,975 66,970
    Deeply subordinated and undated subordinated notes (10,526) (9,095) (10,017)
    Interest of deeply & undated subordinated notes, issue premium amortisation(1) (25) (21) (24)
    Book value of own shares in trading portfolio 8 36 67
    Net Asset Value 59,713 56,895 56,996
    Goodwill(2) (4,207) (4,008) (3,652)
    Intangible Assets (2,871) (2,954) (2,875)
    Net Tangible Asset Value 52,635 49,933 50,469
           
    Number of shares used to calculate NAPS(3) 796,498 796,244 801,147
    Net Asset Value per Share 75.0 71.5 71.1
    Net Tangible Asset Value per Share 66.1 62.7 63.0

    7 – Calculation of Earnings Per Share (EPS)

    The EPS published by Societe Generale is calculated according to the rules defined by the IAS 33 standard (see page 44 of Societe Generale’s 2024 Universal Registration Document). The corrections made to Group net income in order to calculate EPS correspond to the restatements carried out for the calculation of ROE and ROTE.
    The calculation of Earnings Per Share is described in the following table:

    Average number of shares (thousands) 2024 2023 2022
    Existing shares 801,915 818,008 845,478
    Deductions      
    Shares allocated to cover stock option plans and free shares awarded to staff 4,402 6,802 6,252
    Other own shares and treasury shares 2,344 11,891 16,788
    Number of shares used to calculate EPS(4) 795,169 799,315 822,437
    Group net Income (in EUR m) 4,200 2,493 1,825
    Interest on deeply subordinated notes and undated subordinated notes (in EUR m) (720) (759) (596)
    Adjusted Group net income (in EUR m) 3,480 1,735 1,230
    EPS (in EUR) 4.38 2.17 1.50

    2324
    8 – The Societe Generale Group’s Common Equity Tier 1 capital is calculated in accordance with applicable CRR2/CRD5 rules. The fully loaded solvency ratios are presented pro forma for current earnings, net of dividends, for the current financial year, unless specified otherwise. When there is reference to phased-in ratios, these do not include the earnings for the current financial year, unless specified otherwise. The leverage ratio is also calculated according to applicable CRR2/CRD5 rules including the phased-in following the same rationale as solvency ratios.

    9 – Funded balance sheet, loan to deposit ratio

    The funded balance sheet is based on the Group financial statements. It is obtained in two steps:

    • A first step aiming at reclassifying the items of the financial statements into aggregates allowing for a more economic reading of the balance sheet. Main reclassifications:

    Insurance: grouping of the accounting items related to insurance within a single aggregate in both assets and liabilities.
    Customer loans: include outstanding loans with customers (net of provisions and write-downs, including net lease financing outstanding and transactions at fair value through profit and loss); excludes financial assets reclassified under loans and receivables in accordance with the conditions stipulated by IFRS 9 (these positions have been reclassified in their original lines).
    Wholesale funding: Includes interbank liabilities and debt securities issued. Financing transactions have been allocated to medium/long-term resources and short-term resources based on the maturity of outstanding, more or less than one year.
    Reclassification under customer deposits of the share of issues placed by French Retail Banking networks (recorded in medium/long-term financing), and certain transactions carried out with counterparties equivalent to customer deposits (previously included in short term financing).
    Deduction from customer deposits and reintegration into short-term financing of certain transactions equivalent to market resources.

    • A second step aiming at excluding the contribution of insurance subsidiaries, and netting derivatives, repurchase agreements, securities borrowing/lending, accruals and “due to central banks”.

    The Group loan/deposit ratio is determined as the division of the customer loans by customer deposits as presented in the funded balance sheet.

    NB (1) The sum of values contained in the tables and analyses may differ slightly from the total reported due to rounding rules.
    (2) All the information on the results for the period (notably: press release, downloadable data, presentation slides and supplement) is available on Societe Generale’s website:
    www.societegenerale.com in the “Investor” section.

    Societe Generale

    Societe Generale is a top tier European Bank with more than 126,000 employees serving about 25 million clients in 65 countries across the world. We have been supporting the development of our economies for 160 years, providing our corporate, institutional, and individual clients with a wide array of value-added advisory and financial solutions. Our long-lasting and trusted relationships with the clients, our cutting-edge expertise, our unique innovation, our ESG capabilities and leading franchises are part of our DNA and serve our most essential objective – to deliver sustainable value creation for all our stakeholders.

    The Group runs three complementary sets of businesses, embedding ESG offerings for all its clients:

    • French Retail, Private Banking and Insurance, with leading retail bank SG and insurance franchise, premium private banking services, and the leading digital bank BoursoBank.
    • Global Banking and Investor Solutions, a top tier wholesale bank offering tailored-made solutions with distinctive global leadership in equity derivatives, structured finance and ESG.
    • Mobility, International Retail Banking and Financial Services, comprising well-established universal banks (in Czech Republic, Romania and several African countries), Ayvens (the new ALD I LeasePlan brand), a global player in sustainable mobility, as well as specialized financing activities.

    Committed to building together with its clients a better and sustainable future, Societe Generale aims to be a leading partner in the environmental transition and sustainability overall. The Group is included in the principal socially responsible investment indices: DJSI (Europe), FTSE4Good (Global and Europe), Bloomberg Gender-Equality Index, Refinitiv Diversity and Inclusion Index, Euronext Vigeo (Europe and Eurozone), STOXX Global ESG Leaders indexes, and the MSCI Low Carbon Leaders Index (World and Europe).

    For more information, you can follow us on Twitter/X @societegenerale or visit our website societegenerale.com.


    1 Based on the number of shares in circulation at 31 December 2024 excluding own shares, subject to usual approvals from the General Meeting
    2 Reported Group net income, after deduction of interest on deeply subordinated notes and undated subordinated notes, restated from non-cash items that have no impact on CET1 ratio
    3 Excluding assets sold
    4 Ratio calculated according to EBA methodology published on 16 July 2019
    5 Ratio excluding loans outstanding of companies currently being disposed of in compliance with IFRS 5 (in particular Société Générale Equipment Finance, SG Marocaine de Banques and La Marocaine Vie)
    6 Ratio of S3 provisions, guarantees and collaterals over gross outstanding non-performing loans
    7 The share buyback programme and the subsequent capital reduction, aim also, and in priority, at fully offsetting the dilutive impact of the future capital increase as part of the next Group Employee Share Ownership Plan, the principle of which was adopted by the Board of Directors on February 5, 2025
    8 Scopes 1 & 2 of corporate clients’ financed emissions
    9Target: -80% upstream exposure reduction by 2030 vs. 2019, with an intermediary step in 2025 at -50% vs. 2019
    10 The target is to have at least 35% of women executives by 2026
    11Including IFRS 9 phasing
    12France and International (including Switzerland and the United Kingdom)
    13 Banking App #1 in France and #2 worldwide based on Sia Partners International Mobile Banking Benchmark in October 2024
    14 At comparable business model in the post Global Financial Crisis (GFC) regulatory regime

    15 Including entities reported under IFRS 5, excluding entities sold in Morocco and Madagascar in December 2024
    16 Excluding non-recurring items on either margins or UCS (mainly linked to fleet revaluation at EUR 107m in Q4 23 vs. EUR 0m in Q4 24, prospective depreciation at EUR -191m in Q4 23 vs. EUR -87m in Q4 24, hyperinflation in Turkey at EUR -27m in Q4 23 vs. EUR -40m in Q4 24 and MtM of derivatives at EUR -137m in Q4 23 vs. EUR -2m in Q4 24)

    17 As stated in Q2 24 results press release
    18 Interest net of tax
    19 Based on the 2024 proposed distribution, subject to usual approvals of the General Meeting
    20 Excluding goodwill arising from non-controlling interests
    21 Interest net of tax
    22 Excluding goodwill arising from non-controlling interests
    23 The number of shares considered is the number of ordinary shares outstanding at the end of the period, excluding treasury shares and buybacks, but including the trading shares held by the Group (expressed in thousand of shares)
    24 The number of shares considered is the average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period, excluding treasury shares and buybacks, but including the trading shares held by the Group

    Attachment

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-Evening Report: We know how hard it is for young people to buy a home – so how are some still doing it anyway?

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Rachel Ong ViforJ, John Curtin Distinguished Professor & ARC Future Fellow, Curtin University

    PrasitRodphan/Shutterstock

    For young Australians, breaking into the housing market feels tougher than ever. Many now fear they’ll never be able to own a home.

    Despite public debates on whether it’s truly harder to buy a house than it was decades ago, falling homeownership rates across generations suggest the market has indeed shifted significantly against those just starting out.

    But if it’s so difficult, how are some young people still managing to buy homes? Our newly published study set out to investigate the major barriers – and the factors – that might tip the scales in favour of ownership.

    Despite the challenges imposed by high home prices relative to incomes, some young Australians are still finding a way onto the property ladder.

    While being a good saver helps, a boost from the “bank of mum and dad” can be a game changer.

    A fading dream

    Using 14 years of data from the 2006-2020 government-funded Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey, we tracked independent adults aged 25-44 who were not homeowners.

    Our calculations from the HILDA survey show for those aged 25-44 , average house prices across major cities in 2006 were 4.5 times the average household income.

    In Sydney, for example, the average price of properties faced by these young people was about A$600,000 in 2006 while the average household income was $102,000.

    Across major cities, this ratio rose steadily to 6 times income in 2018, before dropping slightly to 5.4 times income at the start of the pandemic.

    For young people in cities, house prices are spiralling upward at faster rates than their incomes.

    A generous ‘bank’ available to some

    As property markets have become more unaffordable, the share of non-homeowning young people receiving help from the “bank of mum and dad” has climbed.

    We estimated from the HILDA survey that in 2006, 3.1% of this group received more than $5,000 in transfers or inheritance from their parents, rising to 5.3% by 2020.

    Young people are good savers

    Contrary to popular some commentary that young people are unable to purchase a house because they are spending their money on “smashed avocados”, young people are actually saving more.

    In 2006, around two-thirds of non-homeowning adults aged 25-44 saved regularly by putting money aside each month, saved non-regular income, or saved money left over after they met their spending needs. This proportion increased to four in five of young non-homeowning adults in 2020.

    In general, young non-homeowners are also financially planning further ahead. In 2006, 47% were planning more than a year ahead. By 2020, this share had risen to 55%.

    How are some young people buying houses?

    We looked at how the personal saving habits of young people influence their homeownership chances, taking each person’s finances and living situation into account.

    Not surprisingly, saving regularly does improve the likelihood of eventually buying a house. However, being a regular saver is much less likely to offset the impact of rising prices than parental help.

    Our research found that once prices exceed three times an individual’s income, their odds of becoming a homeowner are halved.

    No, brunch is not to blame for the state of Australia’s housing market.
    Tatiana Volgutova/Shutterstock

    In much of Australia, prices are already well above that mark. In all state capitals, they’ve gone beyond six times annual household income – a line where the odds of homeownership fall to about a third.

    However, we found having access to the “bank of mum and dad” can shift these odds dramatically.

    We found receiving financial assistance of more than $5,000 quadruples the odds of becoming a homeowner.

    Parents also help in indirect ways. Young people living in rent-free dwellings provided by family or friends had more than double the odds of private renters.

    This puts those from well-off families at a distinct advantage. Those without parental assistance face steeper deposit hurdles and risk missing out on access to areas with better job prospects.

    How governments can help

    For those without parental assistance, governments have an important role to play. Property prices will continue to soar faster than incomes grow, unless policies are implemented to address both supply and demand challenges.

    Loosening restrictions on mortgage borrowing could help some first homebuyers overcome the hurdle to homeownership. But there’s a worrying trade-off between making it easier to borrow and exposing young people to more financial risk.

    Government grants that place more cash into the hands of first-time homebuyers will likely push house prices up further, unless supply of entry-level properties can keep up.

    Such grants should also be carefully targeted to those without access to personal or family resources to help buy a home.

    Finally, tax reforms could be used to increase the supply of dwellings in first homeowner entry markets, and hold back demand from multi-property owners who can crowd out first-time home buyers.




    Read more:
    Our housing system is broken and the poorest Australians are being hardest hit


    Rachel Ong ViforJ is the recipient of an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (project FT200100422). She also receives funding from the Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.

    Christopher Phelps and Jack Hewton do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. We know how hard it is for young people to buy a home – so how are some still doing it anyway? – https://theconversation.com/we-know-how-hard-it-is-for-young-people-to-buy-a-home-so-how-are-some-still-doing-it-anyway-248666

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-OSI NGOs: Inflicting harm and denying care in the West Bank report

    Source: Médecins Sans Frontières –

    Israeli forces and settlers have increased the use of extreme physical violence against Palestinians in the occupied West Bank since the all-out war on Gaza began in October 2023, according to a new report by Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF). In total, at least 870 Palestinians have been killed and over 7,100 injured between October 2023 and January 2025.

    According to our new report, “Inflicting harm and denying care”, the escalation of violence in the West Bank has severely hindered access to healthcare and is part of a pattern of systemic oppression by Israel which has been described by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) as amounting to racial segregation and apartheid.

    “Inflicting harm and denying care” in the West Bank pdf — 13.7 MB Download

    MIL OSI NGO

  • MIL-OSI NGOs: “Inflicting harm and denying care” in the West Bank: MSF report on escalation of attacks and obstructions of healthcare

    Source: Médecins Sans Frontières –

    Jerusalem – Israeli forces and settlers have increased the use of extreme physical violence against Palestinians in the occupied West Bank since the all-out war on Gaza began in October 2023, according to a new report by Medecins Sans Frontieres (MSF). In total, at least 870 Palestinians have been killed and over 7,100 injured between October 2023 and January 2025. 

    According to the MSF report, “Inflicting harm and denying care”, the escalation of violence in the West Bank has severely hindered access to healthcare and is part of a pattern of systemic oppression by Israel which has been described by the International Court of Justice (ICJ) as amounting to racial segregation and apartheid.

    “Inflicting harm and denying care” in the West Bank pdf — 13.7 MB Download

    The report which covers a one-year period from October 2023 and 2024, provides in-depth interviews from 38 MSF patients and personnel, hospital staff paramedics and volunteers supported by MSF who report prolonged and violent Israeli military incursions and stricter movement restrictions, all of which have severely hindered access to essential services, particularly healthcare.  The situation has further deteriorated since the ceasefire in Gaza and has exacerbated dire living conditions for many Palestinians who are paying an immense physical and psychological toll.

    “Palestinian patients are dying because they simply cannot reach hospitals,” says Brice de le Vingne, MSF emergency coordinator. “We’re seeing ambulances blocked by Israeli forces at checkpoints while carrying critical patients, medical facilities surrounded and raided during active operations, and healthcare workers subjected to physical violence while trying to save lives.”

    Every volunteer paramedic risks their life to provide life-saving treatment to the people living in the camp. Palestine, September 2024.
    Alexandre Marcou/MSF

    An increased number of attacks on medical personnel and facilities have been reported to MSF teams, including attacks on hospitals, destruction of makeshift medical sites in refugee camps, as well as the harassment, detention, injury, and killing of first responders and medical workers by Israeli forces.

    Between October 2023 and December 2024, WHO has recorded 694 attacks on healthcare in the West Bank, with hospitals and healthcare structures often besieged by military force. Healthcare workers express a feeling of insecurity as they are frequently harassed, detained, injured and even killed.

    “Israeli forces surrounded the stabilisation point [in Tubas], closing both its entrances, even though it was very clear that this was a medical building,” says a medic from the Palestinian Red Crescent Society, supported by MSF. “They ordered all the paramedics to exit the stabilisation point. There were around 22 of us paramedics there. Israeli soldiers shot inside and outside the building, damaging our supplies and the stabilisation point.”

    In case of medical emergency, restrictions of movement can have deadly consequences. Access to healthcare in this context has been severely impeded by the obstruction and targeting of ambulance movements and the escalation of violent military raids resulting in injuries, fatalities and the destruction of vital civilian infrastructure, including roads, healthcare, water pipelines and electrical systems, particularly in Tulkarem and Jenin refugee camps. In remote areas and outskirts of cities like Jenin or Nablus, the situation is especially dire, as patients with chronic conditions, such as those who need regular dialysis treatment, are forced to stay home due to the untenable obstacles to reaching healthcare.

    On top of the frequent Israeli military incursions, settler violence and the ever-increasing expansion of settlements has left many Palestinians vulnerable to violence and afraid to move across the West Bank. In total, 1,500 attacks by Israeli settlers against Palestinians have been reported by OCHA between October 2023 and 2024.

    As the occupying power, Israel has legal obligations under international law to ensure access to healthcare and protect medical personnel. The healthcare system in the West Bank is under immense strain and forced into a state of perpetual emergency.

    MSF calls Israel to stop the violence against healthcare workers, patients and health facilities and to stop obstructing medical personnel from performing lifesaving duties.

    MIL OSI NGO

  • MIL-OSI Video: Tariffs, globalization, and democracy, with Harvard economist Dani Rodrik

    Source: World Economic Forum (video statements)

    Dani Rodrik has long argued against unfettered globalization and supports countries’ use of industrial policy to pursue economic development.

    The Harvard economist joins us to talk about the usefulness and limitations of trade tariffs, economic nationalism, and the impact of global economics on democracy.

    Catch up on all the action from the Annual Meeting 2025 at wef.ch/wef25 (http://wef.ch/wef25) and across social media using the hashtag #WEF25.

    Links:

    World Economic Forum Centre for Regions, Trade and Geopolitics (https://centres.weforum.org/centre-for-regions-trade-and-geopolitics/home) : https://centres.weforum.org/centre-for-regions-trade-and-geopolitics/home From Blind Spots to Insights: Enhancing Geopolitical Radar to Guide Global Business: https://www.weforum.org/publications/from-blind-spots-to-insights-enhancing-geopolitical-radar-to-guide-global-business/ Related podcasts:

    What just happened in Davos, and how is the world different now? (https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/radio-davos/episodes/davos-2025-what-just-happened/) The global economy ‘at a crossroads’ ahead of Davos: Chief Economists Outlook (https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/radio-davos/episodes/chief-economists-outlook-ralph-ossa-wto/)

    Global Risks Report: the big issues facing the world at Davos 2025 (https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/radio-davos/episodes/global-risks-report-2025/)

    IMF’s Gita Gopinath: What’s ahead for economic growth in 2025 (https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/meet-the-leader/episodes/gita-gopinath-imf-economic-outlook/)

    Check out all our podcasts on wef.ch/podcasts (http://wef.ch/podcasts) : 

    YouTube: (https://www.youtube.com/@wef/podcasts) – https://www.youtube.com/@wef/podcasts

    Radio Davos (https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/radio-davos) – subscribe (https://pod.link/1504682164) : https://pod.link/1504682164

    Meet the Leader (https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/meet-the-leader) – subscribe (https://pod.link/1534915560) : https://pod.link/1534915560

    Agenda Dialogues (https://www.weforum.org/podcasts/agenda-dialogues) – subscribe (https://pod.link/1574956552) : https://pod.link/1574956552

    Join the World Economic Forum Podcast Club (https://www.facebook.com/groups/wefpodcastclub) : https://www.facebook.com/groups/wefpodcastclub

     

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w_Mj61EUEFg

    MIL OSI Video

  • MIL-OSI Australia: (WIP) New industry standards for online safety: what service providers need to know

    Source: Allens Insights

    Deadline to carry out risk assessments is fast approaching 8 min read

    Certain online service providers must complete a risk assessment and implement required compliance measures by 21 June 2025. This relates to the following types of material:

    • child sexual exploitation
    • pro-terrorism
    • extreme crime and violence (Class 1A material)
    • crime and violence
    • drug-related material (Class 1B material).

    This is required by two industry standards referred to as the Phase 1 Standards:

    • Online Safety (Relevant Electronic Services)—Class 1A and Class 1B Material) Industry Standard 2024 (the RES Standard); and
    • Online Safety (Designated Internet Services—Class 1A and Class 1B Material) Industry Standard 2024 (the DIS Standard).

    In this Insight, we cover who needs to carry out a risk assessment and the obligations that two new industry standards impose.

    Key takeaways

    How did we get here?

    The Act provides for industry bodies to develop new codes to regulate Class 1 and Class 2 materials. The industry bodies (including the Communications Alliance, Australian Mobile Telecommunications Association, Digital Industry Group, and Interactive Games and Entertainment Association) adopted a two-phase approach to develop these codes.

    During phase 1, industry bodies drafted eight codes to regulate Class 1A and Class 1B material. Six of these industry codes were registered in 2023, and they apply to the following sections of the online industry: social media services, app distribution services, hosting services, internet carriage services, equipment providers and search engine services. The other two codes were not registered because the Commissioner was not satisfied that they provided appropriate community safeguards. As a result, the Commissioner developed and registered the RES Standard and DIS Standard.

    Development of the phase 2 industry codes have been underway since July 2024, with public consultation concluding on 22 November 2024. These codes are intended to deal with class 1C and class 2 materials, which includes online pornography and other high-impact material.

    Phase 1 Standards

    The Phase 1 Standards apply to two sections of the online industry—providers of RESs and DISs

    RES DIS

    A service that enables end-users in Australia to communicate with other end-users by:

    • email
    • instant messaging
    • SMS
    • MMS
    • chat services

    as well as:

    • services that enable end-users to play online games with each other; and
    • online dating services.

    Note: A service that meets the definition of a RES will be required to comply with the RES Standard, regardless of whether it also meets the definition of another industry section.5

    A service that:

    • allows end-users in Australia to access material using internet carriage services; or
    • delivers material to persons who have the appropriate equipment for receiving that material via an internet carriage service.

    Note: This is a very broad category that includes many apps and websites, as well as file and photo storage services, and some services that deploy or distribute generative artificial intelligence models.6 A DIS is expressly not:

    • a social media service;
    • a RES;
    • an on-demand program service; or
    • other specified and exempt services.7

    A service that meets the definition of a DIS will be required to comply with the DIS Standard, unless the service’s predominant purpose is more closely aligned with another industry code or industry standard.8

    The RES Standard and DIS Standard classifies certain service providers as ‘pre-assessed’ or ‘defined’ categories. A service provider that falls within either the pre-assessed or defined categories is not required to conduct its own risk assessment. Instead, it is deemed to either fall within a particular risk tier, or it has a unique risk profile such that no specific risk tier is attributed to it.

    Service providers that are not captured in the table below must conduct their own risk assessment or default to assigning the service a Tier 1 risk profile.9

    RES Standard DIS Standard

    Pre-assessed category:

    • Communication relevant electronic service
    • Gaming service with communication functionality
    • Dating service

    Pre-assessed category:

    • High impact DIS
    • Classified DIS
    • General purpose DIS
    • Enterprise DIS

    Defined category:

    • Telephony RES
    • Enterprise RES
    • Gaming service with limited communication functionality

    Defined category:

    • End-user managed hosting service
    • High impact generative AI DIS
    • Model distribution platform

    The risk assessment must be undertaken by a person with the relevant skills, experience and expertise to carry it out.10  

    The Phase 1 Standards require certain matters to be taken into account, so far as they are relevant to the service, to determine the overall risk tier for it.11 These are summarised below. Depending on the nature of a service and the context it operates in, service providers are likely to have additional risk factors to consider beyond the ones below.

    Applicability to RES or DIS Matters to be taken into account for risk assessment
    Both RES and DIS
    • Predominant purpose of the service
    • Functionality of the service12
    • Extent to which material posted on, generated by or distributed using the service will be available to end-users of the service in Australia
    • Terms of use for the service
    • Terms of arrangements under which the provider acquires content to be made available on the service
    • Ages of end-users and likely end-users of the service
    • Outcomes of the forward-looking analysis conducted under section 8(4) of the RES Standard and DIS Standard
    • Safety by design guidance and tools published or made available by a government agency or a foreign or international body
    • Risk to the online safety of end-users in Australia in relation to material generated by artificial intelligence.
    DIS only
    • Manner in which material is created or contributed to in connection with the service
    • Whether the service includes chat, messaging or other communications functionality
    • Risk that any generative AI features of the service will be used to generate high-impact materials
    • Design features and controls deployed to mitigate the risks related to material generated by AI and high-impact materials generated by generative AI features of the service

    Obligations that flow from risk assessment

    The Phase 1 Standards impose a range of obligations depending on the service provider’s risk tier arising from the risk assessment (ie Tier 1, Tier 2 or Tier 3), or the type of service it is pre-assessed or defined to be if it has a unique risk profile (eg Telephony RES, High impact generative AI DIS or dating service).

    A high-level summary of the obligations that may be applicable to certain RESs and DISs include:

    • Implement, enforce and publish relevant terms of use.
    • Ensure that there are systems in place to address circumstances where there is a breach of terms in respect of class 1A and class 1B material, including processes to report such material to an enforcement authority if it represents a serious and immediate threat to a person in Australia.
    • Implement a system for disrupting access and distribution of class 1A materials through the RES or DIS.
    • Implement a system to detect and remove class 1A materials that is accessible through the RES or DIS.
    • Implement reporting arrangements to ensure compliance with the Phase 1 Standards.
    • Ensure that features and settings that would minimise the risk of class 1A or class 1B material are incorporated before material changes are made to the service.
    • Ensure end-users can effectively control associated communication functions.
    • Implement policies, procedures and mechanisms to report or make complaints, and to respond to complaints.
    • Notify the Commissioner of proposed changes to the features and functions of the service, unless the change will not significantly increase the relevant risk.
    • Cooperate with and report to the Commissioner as required.

    What’s next?

    The Commissioner has stated that no enforcement action will be taken in the first six months of the Phase 1 Standards coming into effect, apart from in exceptional circumstances—eg in response to serious or deliberate non-compliance. The initial focus will be on working with industry bodies and service providers to raise awareness of their obligations under the Phase 1 Standards.13

    The Commissioner has a range of enforcement options under the Act to address non-compliance with the Phase 1 Standards. These include:

    • a formal warning
    • an enforceable undertaking
    • an injunction
    • an infringement notice
    • civil penalty proceedings or a court order requiring a service provider to cease its service.

    Notably, failure to comply with the Phase 1 Standards may, currently, result in a penalty of up to $49.5 million.14 Service providers should promptly take proactive measures to ensure they are complying with their obligations under the Phase 1 Standards (including conducting a risk assessment if necessary) to avoid enforcement action by the Commissioner, which may commence from 22 June 2025.

    Service providers should also be aware that new regulation of the access and exposure to class 1C and class 2 material is forthcoming. The Commissioner will undertake an assessment of whether the draft phase 2 industry codes meet the statutory requirements when they are submitted for registration, which must be no later than 28 February 2025.

    Review of Online Safety Act

    On 4 February 2025, the Government tabled the statutory review of the Online Safety Act (the Report). This independent review was initially delivered to the Government in October 2024 and makes 67 recommendations aimed at strengthening Australia’s online safety framework.

    Key recommendations in the Report include:

    • Legislating a statutory digital duty of care that is intended to place the onus on digital platforms to prevent online harms.
    • Raising the civil penalties for breaches of the Act (ie the maximum penalty to be increased to the greater of 5% of global annual turnover or $50 million).
    • Empowering the Commissioner with stronger investigative, information-gathering and enforcement powers, such as the power to require certain providers of online service to undertake compliance audits at their own expense.
    • Requiring providers of services with the greatest reach or risk to provide an annual transparency report and publish a summarised version on its website.

    There is currently no proposed legislation (or timetable for legislation) to implement the recommendations, but the Government has said it will continue to carefully consider all recommendations put forward in the Report and respond in due course. With the federal election looming, the Government’s (and Opposition’s) response to online safety reform is a key area to watch.

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI Security: Guam Man Sentenced to 10 Years in Federal Prison for Enticement of a Minor

    Source: Office of United States Attorneys

    Hagatña, Guam – SHAWN N. ANDERSON, United States Attorney for the Districts of Guam and the Northern Mariana Islands, announced that defendant Ricky Junior O. Quichocho, age 37, from Dededo, Guam, was sentenced by the U.S. District Court of Guam on February 4, 2025 to 10 years imprisonment for Attempted Enticement of a Minor, in violation of 18 U.S.C. § 2422(b).  The Court also ordered five years of supervised release following imprisonment and a mandatory $100.00 special assessment fee.  Quichocho was ordered to register with the Sex Offender Registry anywhere he resides, is employed, or is in school.

    In May of 2024, Air Force Office of Special Investigation and Homeland Security Investigations conducted a joint undercover operation to identify and target individuals who were seeking to contact and engage in sexual activity with minor children. Agents created multiple personas on several social networking applications and posted in online forums.

    On May 7, 2024, Ricky Junior O. Quichocho, a civilian employee of a military contractor, initiated contact with the undercover persona. Even though the undercover persona said she was 13 years old, Quichocho continued communication and stated he was interested in “sexual fun.” Throughout the month, Quichocho continued text messages of a sexual nature, indicating various sex acts he wanted to do with the undercover persona. On June 10, 2024, after an agreement to meet with the minor at the Anderson Air Force Base Visitor Control Center parking lot, Quichocho instead was met by Air Force Office of Special Investigations Special Agents. In a subsequent interview, Quichocho admitted to his conduct. A forensic analysis of Quichocho’s cellphone confirmed text messages and photographs sent to the undercover persona.

    “Interagency partnerships are the key to fighting child exploitation,” stated United States Attorney Anderson.  “This case is another reminder of the dangers faced by children during online activity.  We will continue to target offenders who prey on this vulnerable segment of our communities. I applaud HSI and AFOSI in bringing Quichocho to justice.”

    “HSI utilizes partnerships with agencies including AFOSI to protect our communities from child predators.  By working together, HSI ensures resources are utilized most effectively to seek out and apprehend those who intend to harm our most vulnerable community members,” said Special Agent in Charge Lucy Cabral-DeArmas.

    “AFOSI will continue to work alongside our law enforcement partners to root out criminal behavior that threatens the mission, equipment and people of the Department of the Air Force,” said Special Agent Eric Beebe, Commander of AFOSI Detachment 602. “We are dedicated to protecting our Airmen, their families, and the broader Guam community, as Operation Island Fever showcased.”

    The case was investigated by Homeland Security Investigations and Air Force Office of Special Investigations Detachment 602.

    Assistant United States Attorney Devarup Rastogi prosecuted the case in the District of Guam.

    This was a Project Safe Childhood (PSC) case, a nationwide initiative to combat the growing epidemic of child sexual exploitation and abuse launched in May 2006 by the Department of Justice.  Led by U.S. Attorneys’ Offices and CEOS, PSC marshals federal, state, and local resources to better locate, apprehend, and prosecute individuals who exploit children via the Internet, as well as to identify and rescue victims. For more information about PSC, please visit Justice.gov/PSC.

    MIL Security OSI

  • MIL-OSI Economics: Result of the Daily Variable Rate Repo (VRR) auction held on February 06, 2025

    Source: Reserve Bank of India

    Tenor 1-day
    Notified Amount (in ₹ crore) 25,000
    Total amount of bids received (in ₹ crore) 21,674
    Amount allotted (in ₹ crore) 21,674
    Cut off Rate (%) 6.51
    Weighted Average Rate (%) 6.52
    Partial Allotment Percentage of bids received at cut off rate (%) NA

    Ajit Prasad          
    Deputy General Manager
    (Communications)    

    Press Release: 2024-2025/2084

    MIL OSI Economics

  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: Policy on mediation implemented

    Source: Hong Kong Information Services

    A policy incorporating mediation clauses in government contracts came into effect today.

    The Department of Justice (DoJ) explained that the clauses outline that contract parties agree to use mediation to resolve disputes first before resorting to arbitration or litigation.

    In addition, the DoJ today promulgated “The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Mediation Rules (2025 Edition)”. It stressed that these shall not affect the operation of “The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region Construction Mediation Rules (1999 Edition)”.

    The implementation of mediation clauses follows the issuance of a Policy Statement on the Incorporation of Mediation Clauses in Government Contracts on November 6 last year.

    The DoJ said it anticipates that private organisations will make reference to and adopt similar mediation clauses in their own contracts, thereby deepening a “mediate first” culture.

    MIL OSI Asia Pacific News

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Check your governing documents before 31 March

    Source: Australian Department of Revenue

    Ensuring that you review your governing documents before 31 March, will make lodging your NFP self-review return as smooth as possible. NFPs that self-assess as income tax exempt are required to maintain governing documents to satisfy their operation as an NFP. Checking these documents remain current is an important step in reviewing your NFPs entitlement.

    Governing documents are the formal documents that set out your organisation’s purpose, character and the way the NFP is governed, operates and makes decisions. To get ready for the annual reporting, your organisation needs to review its main purpose and activities and make sure your governing documents have appropriate clauses to reflect its NFP character.

    Governing documents may be called other things, such as:

    • rules or articles of association
    • constitution
    • rule book
    • deed of trust.

    We will accept your organisation as an NFP if your governing documents prevent you from distributing profits or assets for the benefit of specific people – both while it operates and when it winds up. Governing documents must include rules that ensure members and other private persons do not receive the property or assets of the organisation, other than as reimbursement for services provided or for expenses incurred on behalf of the organisation.

    If your NFP doesn’t have these types of clauses in its governing documents, it can still self-assess as income tax exempt for the 2023–24 income year provided it has not distributed any assets or income to members. However, it has until 30 June 2025 to update its governing documents. Failure to do so will mean that it cannot self-assess as income tax exempt from 1 July 2024.

    If you need more help with getting ready to lodge, including how to prepare your governing documents, you can visit our website for updated information about the NFP self-review return.

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI Economics: Regarding some media reports on the television business and others

    Source: Panasonic

    Headline: Regarding some media reports on the television business and others

    Panasonic Holdings Corporation held a briefing on February 4 for the mass media, institutional investors and analysts regarding Group Management’s Planned Reform of Panasonic Group.
    Regarding those businesses facing challenges, including the television business, we are considering all possibilities with a view to fundamentally reforming their profitability, but no decisions have been taken at this time, including any potential sale of the business or withdrawal from this market.

    The content in this website is accurate at the time of publication but may be subject to change without notice.Please note therefore that these documents may not always contain the most up-to-date information.Please note that German, French and Chinese versions are machine translations, so the quality and accuracy may vary.

    MIL OSI Economics

  • MIL-OSI Economics: Regarding some media reports on the use of the Panasonic name and brand

    Source: Panasonic

    Headline: Regarding some media reports on the use of the Panasonic name and brand

    Panasonic Holdings Corporation held a briefing on February 4 for the mass media, institutional investors and analysts regarding Group Management’s Planned Reform of Panasonic Group.
    Unfortunately, this has generated some misleading press coverage regarding the use of the Panasonic name and brand. The information announced on February 4 concerned the reorganization of “Panasonic Corporation,” which provides home appliances, housing equipment, and products and services for stores and offices under the umbrella of Panasonic Holdings Corporation. Importantly, the Panasonic Group will not be dissolved.
    Furthermore, the Panasonic brand is a vital asset for the group, and the Panasonic Group will continue to transform itself into a corporate structure that contributes to customers and society in the future under this important brand.

    The content in this website is accurate at the time of publication but may be subject to change without notice.Please note therefore that these documents may not always contain the most up-to-date information.Please note that German, French and Chinese versions are machine translations, so the quality and accuracy may vary.

    MIL OSI Economics

  • MIL-OSI USA: Senators Coons, Lankford, Kaine, and Tillis reintroduce bipartisan resolution supporting international religious freedom

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Delaware Christopher Coons

    WASHINGTON – U.S. Senators Chris Coons (D-Del.) and James Lankford (R-Okla.) introduced a bipartisan resolution to express support for international religious freedom as a fundamental right and a cornerstone of U.S. foreign policy amid concern over increased attacks on religious freedom worldwide. This effort is cosponsored by Senators Tim Kaine (D-Va.) and Thom Tillis (R-N.C.). This bill was previously introduced in the 118th Congress.

    In just the past two years, there have been thousands of incidents where religious freedom was violated around the world, including violence against Rohingya Muslims in Burma, attacks on Uyghurs in China, and persecution of clergy by Russians in Ukraine, according to the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF). In 2023, USCIRF identified more than 2,200 individuals—Christians, Jews, Muslims, Buddhists, Hindus, and Sikhs alike—targeted by 27 different countries and entities for their religious beliefs. As of 2024, there are 96 countries with legislation criminalizing blasphemy used to enforce arbitrary limitations on religious freedoms. 

    The resolution urges the State Department to expand its support for religious freedom around the world as threats and violence worsen. This effort would leverage all diplomatic and sanctions tools available to hold violators of religious freedom accountable and would encourage the State Department to promote religious freedom as a central tenet of U.S. foreign policy implementation.

    “As Co-Chair of the Senate Human Rights Caucus, I have fiercely defended the religious freedom of all Americans, but our work can’t stop at home,” said Senator Coons. “Whether you’re a member of a religious minority or a non-believer, far too many people around the world are unfairly targeted and even persecuted for their beliefs and practices. I’m proud to once again lead this bipartisan effort to highlight the importance of promoting religious freedom for our nation’s foreign policy and standing.”

    “The fundamental right of every person to have a faith, live your faith, change your faith, or have no faith at all must be recognized throughout the world. Countries like China, Russia, and Iran continue to target and persecute citizens for living this most basic freedom. The United States must continue its international leadership to defend religious freedom, which is why we are reaffirming our commitment to fight for religious freedom around the world,” said Senator Lankford.

    “In 1786, the Virginia General Assembly passed a statute instituting religious freedom in the Commonwealth, establishing the basis of religious freedom for the whole of the United States. Today, individuals throughout the world who live in countries where religious freedom is threatened or non-existent see the U.S. as a beacon of hope that people of all beliefs can live in the same neighborhoods, attend the same schools, and work side by side,” said Senator Kaine. “Amid the horrifying rise in attacks on faith-based communities, I’m joining my colleagues in sending a clear message that we must work together to protect religious freedom in every corner of the globe.”

    “The United States must maintain our steadfast commitment to standing up for religious liberty,” said Senator Tillis. “This resolution expresses our unwavering support for victims of religious persecution and reaffirms our support for safeguarding religious freedom worldwide.”

    The full text of this resolution is available here.

    Senator Coons and Senator Tillis are Co-Chairs of the Senate Human Rights Caucus.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Investing to promote higher quality supports for NDIS participants

    Source: Ministers for Social Services

    Ensuring every NDIS participant has access to the highest quality supports will be the focus of two new pilots to commence this year.

    Grant rounds will this week open for the two 12-month pilots – the Support Coordination Pilot and Supported Independent Living Pilot – that will help set a benchmark for quality and pricing.

    Registered providers only will be invited to apply.

    Supported Independent Living is one type of Home and Living support and includes help or supervision in the home with daily tasks, such as personal care or cooking meals. SIL helps NDIS participants live as independently as possible, while building their capacity and skills.

    Support coordinators assist NDIS participants to understand and implement supports included in their plan. They link the participant to providers and other community and government services. A support coordinator will also support the participant to build skills and direction.

    The two pilots will be run by the National Disability Insurance Agency and providers will be financially incentivised for participating if they demonstrate high quality.

    An analysis will then be conducted and the pilots will inform future approaches to ensure taxpayers and participants get the best value for money for services provided.

    The pilots will evaluate the characteristics of quality service provision, and costs and outcomes associated with providing quality services, including to participants who have complex support needs and are at risk of not receiving supports.

    Learnings from the pilots will inform the NDIA’s role as market steward, as the Agency continues to review current NDIS pricing models as part of its commitment to a revised pricing approach.

    A further pilot will be released later this year which will focus on smaller SIL providers, such as those who deliver more bespoke services, those who support regional and remote communities, and those who specialise in service provision for First Nations and CALD participants.

    “We want to ensure we have the right supports that demonstrate high quality and the best use of taxpayer money,” Minister Rishworth said.

    “The highest quality supports for participants will in turn lead to better outcomes. We don’t want quality to be a lottery.

    “These pilots will help ensure the NDIA has the information and insights it needs to deeply understand how providers are working to offer quality supports, and the cost of delivering these supports.”

    Minister Assisting the Minister for the National Disability Insurance Scheme Anne Aly said, these initiatives will provide us with valuable insights, driving quality improvements across the NDIS.

    “Working with established, high-quality providers, we can ensure that participants, particularly those with high and complex needs, continue to have access to quality care and services that meet those needs.” Minister Aly said.

    The two pilots follow significant reforms to the NDIS to ensure the Scheme’s sustainability for generations to come.

    December data shows the Scheme remains in line with forecasts of 12 per cent growth in costs this financial year, before coming down to the National Cabinet target of 8 per cent growth next year.  

    “These savings are built on significant reform to support participants to spend in line with their funding period, rather than exhausting all of their funding too soon,” Minister Rishworth said.

    “This strengthening of the NDIS will ensure every dollar in the Scheme goes towards quality supports for participants.”

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Remarks to the Business Council of Australia Dinner

    Source: Australian Treasurer

    Thanks to Bran for the invitation, Geoff for the introduction and to you all for being here.

    It’s a pleasure to be back for this annual gathering on Ngunnawal and Ngambri land. I acknowledge, as Geoff did, elders, customs and traditions.

    I know I speak for Mark, Katy, Don, Chris, Murray and Andrew when I say our attendance is a symbol of our appreciation for your engagement with us on economic policy.

    It’s also another chance to thank you for the jobs and opportunities you create around Australia.

    And from a personal point of view, to thank you for the opportunity we have to catch up every month or 2 with the board or other small groups, to compare notes.

    This bigger gathering is timely in political terms with an election due by May.

    It’s also timely from an economic perspective.

    We’ve seen really important data released in the last month, a new administration in the US making some big announcements, some volatility in markets as well.

    I want to focus almost exclusively on economics tonight.

    Because 2 inflation readings and the jobs figures have brought the soft landing we have been working towards into sharper focus.

    Last week’s CPI data saw underlying inflation fall to a 3‑year low and headline inflation fall to an almost 4‑year low.

    That represents the sharpest moderation in a parliamentary term since inflation targeting began.

    Even more extraordinary that we’ve made this substantial and sustained progress on inflation at the same time as we’ve seen the creation of more than 1.1 million new jobs.

    I put it this way because I think we’re on the cusp of achieving something remarkable, together.

    Inflation is down, unemployment is still low, and, unlike most of our peers, we’ve avoided even one negative quarter of growth.

    You’d know and appreciate how unusual this is in historical terms and in contemporary global experience as well.

    Every other time we’ve gone through an inflation spike, it’s been followed by higher unemployment.

    On other occasions and now in most other advanced economies progress on inflation has been paid for with much higher unemployment and negative quarters of growth.

    Since the start of 2022 every major advanced economy, and two-thirds of the OECD, has gone backwards at least once.

    We’ve made as much or more progress on inflation without paying that price.

    Before I get carried away here let me acknowledge 3 important truths.

    Australians are still under very substantial if not severe financial pressure – we get that.

    Our economy is not productive enough – more on that shortly.

    And our economy is barely growing – an inevitable consequence of higher interest rates and global pressures.

    In this soft economy there have still been some remarkable developments we shouldn’t dismiss or diminish:

    The lowest average unemployment rate for any government in 50 years.

    Stronger employment growth than any major advanced economy.

    Four in every 5 of the 1.1 million jobs created in the private sector.

    More jobs created in the market sector than any first‑term government on record.

    Record labour force participation.

    The strongest rate of real wage growth since 2020 – and now 4 consecutive quarters of annual real wage growth.

    The narrowest gender pay gap on record.

    Unemployment at 4 per cent and inflation below 3 per cent at the same time, for the first time in half a century.

    The highest level of business investment in over a decade, in the last financial year.

    25,000 new businesses created each month this term, the highest average on record.

    27 share market record highs since the election –

    25 per cent growth in household wealth via super and shares as a result.

    The biggest nominal improvement in the budget in a Parliamentary term.

    The first back‑to‑back surpluses in almost 2 decades.

    We know the job’s not done and the economy is not yet what we want it to be but there is progress to be proud of too.

    I run through this list not to take the credit, but to share it.

    Because our exceptionalism is the result of governments, employers and employees all doing their bit.

    This is the soft landing we’ve been planning and preparing for.

    We decided we’d rather deliver a soft landing than clean up after a hard one.

    It’s why our economic plan was always about fighting inflation without ignoring risks to growth.

    Public demand has played a role in keeping the economy from going backwards over the past 2 years.

    But we know that the best kind of strong and sustainable economic growth means growth led by the private sector.

    When I’ve said this on many occasions before, I’ve seen it written up as some kind of reluctant admission, but I think it’s just common sense.

    Our economy is at its best when it’s private companies powering growth and propelling us forward.

    This is what guides our productivity agenda.

    It has 5 pillars:

    Creating a more dynamic and resilient economy.

    Building a skilled and adaptable workforce.

    Harnessing data and digital technology.

    Delivering quality care more efficiently.

    Investing in cheaper, cleaner energy and the net zero transformation.

    We’ve asked the Productivity Commission for a big piece of work on each pillar, deliberately timed for the second half of this year to inform whoever wins the election.

    But we haven’t been waiting for those inquiries to land.

    We’ve already put in place some substantial and under‑recognised policy:

    Abolishing 500 nuisance tariffs.

    Introducing comprehensive competition reforms.

    The biggest overhaul to merger settings in 50 years.

    Better designing and informing our capital markets.

    Reforming our foreign investment framework.

    A $900 million National Productivity Fund.

    Record investment in skills.

    The Universities Accord.

    Finishing the NBN.

    Investing in quantum computing.

    Reforming the NDIS.

    Unlocking tens of billions in private investment via the Capacity Investment Scheme.

    Realising net zero industrial opportunities through a Future Made in Australia –

    Like our green hydrogen, critical minerals, and green aluminium production incentives.

    This list isn’t exhaustive but it’s indicative and I use it to make this point:

    There was a big focus on productivity in this first term and there will be an even bigger focus in a second, should we win one.

    Let me give you a couple of examples.

    Take regulation.

    Here I pay tribute to all the work Katy has been driving to harmonise standards, streamline accreditation and make it easier to export Australian goods.

    This year, we’ll also stand up our single front door for investors –

    And I can let you know tonight I’ve asked Danielle Wood to look into how we can further streamline regulation as part of the inquiries the PC are doing on our 5 pillars.

    This is all aimed at making it easier to invest, easier to hire, easier to trade and easier to do business in Australia.

    Historically, more than half of our productivity growth has come from working smarter – combining our skills and capital resources in more efficient and innovative ways.

    Here it’s AI and the digital economy where we see huge opportunities.

    You only need to look at the events of the last few weeks to get a sense of the scale and breadth of the sweeping change AI presents.

    From the Americans announcing the $800 billion Stargate AI project one day –

    To Chinese start‑up DeepSeek causing $1 trillion to be wiped from Nvidia’s market cap – the biggest one‑day rout in the history of the US share market.

    It’s clear AI will become a bigger part of our economy and lives.

    How we respond will shape the future.

    Australia is among the top 5 global destinations for the data centre infrastructure AI depends on.

    Our reputation and software development know‑how also means we’re a priority market for AI app development.

    Already 70 per cent of Australian businesses have implemented AI and another 20 odd per cent are planning to in the next year.

    It’s a big focus for us now and will be over the coming years.

    Ed has already done a lot of work on how we get the policy settings right – including how to make sure AI is deployed safely and sustainably.

    Our focus with AI is also on the huge gains on offer, not just the guardrails.

    We want to continue to build and foster innovation, so more workers and more businesses adapt and adopt AI to their advantage.

    And also give investors clarity and certainty to invest in AI infrastructure in Australia with confidence.

    That will be a big focus our National AI Capability Plan for Australia.

    We want you to bring forward your ideas, your innovation and your ambition to shape that plan.

    We’ll always listen when you do –

    We read with interest the BCA’s 2025 election platform this week, with technology, AI and deregulation all featuring.

    Because we know to make the momentous changes happening in the digital economy, energy transformation, services sector, geopolitics and demographics work for us, your ideas and insights will be key.

    The patterns of history tell us what happens when our relationship is at its best.

    Those of you who have heard me speak a lot will recognise my obsession with our fourth economy.

    Let me put this in some broader context.

    You all spend as much time in airport bookshops as me.

    And you’re all probably bigger readers than I am when it comes to investing and market cycles.

    So I know you’d all be familiar with people like Ray Dalio, George Friedman, or Neil Howe and William Strauss.

    They’re all grappling with a similar question:

    Where do we fit in the bigger sweep of economic history and how should that inform our strategy?

    In the US, 80‑year historical cycles lead from one kind of society and economy to the next.

    For Australia it’s more like 40‑years.

    Every 4 decades or so from the 1900s we have transformed our economy.

    From largely agrarian at the start of the 20th century.

    To one that was industrial and protected after the Second World War.

    And then unshackled and opened up to the world in the 1980s.

    Every time one of these 3 economies has taken shape the private sector has been at the forefront of the transformation.

    In the 1900s it was the wool and wheat industries.

    In the 1940s it was manufacturing, underpinned by trade agreements which supported our domestic and export industries.

    And 40 years later, it was the services and financial sector – new drivers of growth unlocked as Labor dismantled the tariff wall and floated the dollar.

    The BCA itself came to life during one of these seismic shifts – following Bob’s National Economic Summit in 1983.

    It’s 4 decades since we unleashed our third economy –

    And we’re now building a fourth, transformed by technology and powered by cleaner and cheaper energy.

    An economy that ensures Australians are primary beneficiaries of all the churn and change occurring around the world.

    Over the last 15 years, we’ve seen 3 major economic shocks, war, and tensions in our region.

    At the same time as the big 5 shifts identified in our Intergenerational Report transform the world.

    From globalisation to fragmentation;

    From hydrocarbons to renewables;

    From information technology to AI;

    From a younger population to an older one;

    And changes to our industrial base.

    All this is shaped by a pronounced slowdown in China, a new administration in the US with new priorities, and an uncertain outlook for Europe and the Middle East.

    The fourth economy is about how we make Australia an island of opportunity and prosperity in a sea of uncertainty.

    Modernising our economy, managing pressures, and maximising our advantages.

    We see a powerful and pre-eminent place for the private sector in the future we will build together.

    Propelling our growth and pushing us forward.

    Innovating and investing.

    Employing and upskilling.

    Our political opponents want to pick fights with you on cultural issues and take the country backwards, divided.

    We want to work with you on the economy to take the country forwards, together.

    We know we wouldn’t be approaching this soft landing without you.

    And we know that we can’t build Australia’s fourth economy without you either.

    For all these reasons I’m looking forward to the discussion tonight.

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Address to OECD International Workshop on Rigorous Impact Evaluation Approaches including Randomised Controlled Trials

    Source: Australian Treasurer

    As is customary in Australia, I acknowledge the Ngunnawal people, on whose lands I am recording these remarks, and all First Nations people joining this international workshop.

    Thank you to our OECD Public Management and budgeting colleagues, Jon Blondal, Andrew Blazey and the team for helping to coordinate this event and offering me the opportunity to provide this opening address. This event is being run by the OECD in collaboration with the Australian Centre for Evaluation in the Department of the Treasury. The Australian Government is delighted to be contributing to global efforts to advocate for better evidence. And we are keen to connect with international endeavours that promote its generation, synthesis and sharing in public policy.

    Today, I want to discuss how countries can collaborate to better create and use evidence. This is a substantial reform. Indeed, I argue that randomised trials and better use of evidence isn’t just another worthy public policy tweak. It’s bigger than that. Much bigger. Effectively using evidence to make policy decisions is a public administration reform on par with the biggest changes in good government that humanity has put into place. It is the seventh phase of good government.

    Let’s take a quick moment to run through the major milestones in the history of public administration.

    Six big reforms in the history of public administration

    Throughout history, there have been 6 big reforms in public administration.

    The first was the rise of bureaucracy and professionalised governance. It was during the 18th and 19th centuries that public administration shifted from patronage and informal systems to emphasising impartiality, specialisation, and accountability. Democratic institutions and a robust civil society provided the conditions for an independent and accountable civil service.

    The second big reform occurred in the early 20th century. The efficiency revolution – scientific management of public administration that focused on efficiency and rational organisation – was inspired by industrial principles.

    In response to economic crises and post‑WWII recovery, we saw the rise of the third big reform – the welfare state and the expansion of government responsibilities in social welfare, healthcare and economic planning.

    The fourth big reform in public administration in the late 20th century was market‑oriented governance. We saw governments adopt private‑sector practices like outsourcing, performance metrics, and competition.

    Concerns about accountability also carried through to the fifth big historic reform – the era of digital transformation and e‑governance. The early 21st century saw technology revolutionise public administration. It enabled data‑driven decision‑making and citizen engagement.

    Building on the lessons learnt during the digital transformation, the past decade has seen the move towards adaptive governance – the sixth big reform in public administration. Top‑down processes were swapped out for more flexible, collaborative and cross‑sector approaches that embrace ‘long‑term systems thinking’ to address interconnected crises such as climate change (Brunner and Lynch 2017).

    Each of these 6 big reforms from the past 3 centuries has helped to reshape government and improve citizens’ lives.

    The seventh big reform in public administration: randomised trials

    Today I want to argue that we are on the cusp of a seventh big reform in public administration.

    It will involve the widespread adoption of randomised trials as a means of testing policies by providing a counterfactual.

    This reform should include the synthesis of quality evidence about what works, and what doesn’t, to provide public administrators with irrefutable knowledge that can improve people’s lives.

    Let’s consider a couple of examples to see how this might work in practice.

    Eye care is often a neglected field of public health in developing economies.

    In rural Bangladesh, a randomised trial of providing free reading glasses involved more than 800 adults with jobs requiring close attention to detail, such as tea pickers, weavers, and seamstresses (Jacobs 2024). The study found that when workers were given free reading glasses, they earned 33 per cent more than those who were not given glasses (Sehrin et al. 2024).

    Speaking to The New York Times, Dr Nathan Congdon, one of the authors of the study findings, said that ‘…what makes the results especially exciting is the potential to convince governments that vision care interventions are as inexpensive, cost‑effective and life‑changing as anything else that we can offer in healthcare’ (Jacobs 2024).

    As well as garnering evidence on what does work, the widespread adoption of randomised trials must also include quality evidence about what doesn’t work.

    In 2014, the US state of Massachusetts launched a 4‑year intervention program called the Juvenile Justice Pay for Success Initiative (Patrick DL 2014). The program aimed to reduce recidivism and improve employment outcomes in young men who were at high risk of re‑offending (Third Sector 2024).

    The initiative involved an experimental financial contract called ‘Pay For Success’ – also known as a social impact bond. Funders assumed the US$27 million up‑front financial risk. And the government would only refund the cost of the program if a third‑party evaluator and validator determined that the initiative achieved a reduction in the number of days the young men spent in jail, and improvements in their employment and job readiness (Patrick DL 2014).

    At the end of the 4‑year program, a randomised trial found no discernible effects on reincarceration or employment (Coalition for Evidence‑Based Policy 2025). Neither the recidivism nor employment outcomes were sizable enough to trigger the repayment under the pay‑for‑success contract (Roca et al. 2025).

    Why randomised trials should be prioritised over other forms of evaluation

    When the evaluation of a social program does not produce the hoped‑for results, it’s difficult to avoid feelings of disappointment.

    But this has been the reality for some time.

    We know from the history of large, well‑conducted randomised trial evaluations that only a small percentage find that the intervention being evaluated produces a meaningful improvement over the status quo.

    As Peter Rossi attested in his 1987 Iron Law of Evaluation, ‘The expected value of any net impact assessment of any large‑scale social program is zero’ (Arnold Ventures 2018a).

    But here’s the light on the hill.

    The ‘iron law’ applies to most fields of research. That includes medicine, where 50–80 per cent of positive results from initial clinical studies are overturned by a subsequent randomised trial (Arnold Ventures 2018a).

    In medicine, the move towards randomised trials continues to save lives and stop unnecessary interventions.

    For every new treatment such as AIDS drugs, the HPV vaccine and genetic testing – medicine has discarded old ones, like bloodletting, gastric freezing and tonsillectomy (Leigh 2018).

    The willingness to test cures against placebos, or the best available alternative, is how we make progress. In public policy, we can do the same. If it works, we use it; if not, it’s back to the lab.

    The central goal of evaluation: finding interventions that work

    The key is having a big, ambitious goal to strive towards.

    I propose the primary goal of government evaluation should be to find interventions that work.

    More specifically – to build a body of programs backed by strong, replicated randomised trial evidence of important, lasting improvements in people’s lives.

    In other words, evidence that provides policymakers with confidence that if another jurisdiction were to implement the program faithfully in a similar population, it would improve people’s lives in a meaningful way.

    Imagine being able to confidently draw from a codified body of social programs and interventions that your jurisdiction could test, deploy and regulate.

    In the United States, the Coalition for Evidence‑Based Policy points towards Saga Education, a high‑dosage mathematics tutoring program for year 9 and 10 students in low‑income US schools that underwent 3 rigorous randomised trials. This program produced sizable, statistically significant effects on students’ maths scores on the district tests at the end of the tutoring year (Arnold Ventures 2024a). I’ll come back to this program a bit later.

    Similarly, the Coalition for Evidence‑Based Policy points to 2 job‑training programs for low‑income adults that were both shown to increase long‑term earnings by 20 to 40 per cent. These programs focused on the fast‑growing IT and financial services sectors, where jobs are well paid, and employees are in high demand (Arnold Ventures 2022a and 2022b).

    Finding interventions that work should be evaluators’ central goal. It is the only plausible path by which rigorous evaluations will improve the human condition. If we don’t allocate spending based on rigorous evidence, it is hard to see how governments can make progress on critical social problems.

    Here in Australia, a think tank study examined a sample of 20 Australian Government programs conducted between 2015 and 2022 (Winzar et al. 2023).

    Their report concluded that 95 per cent of the programs, which had a total expenditure of over A$200 billion, were not properly evaluated. And its analysis of Australian state and territory government evaluations reported similar results.

    The researchers noted that the problems with evaluation started from the outset of program and policy design. They also estimated that fewer than 1.5 per cent of government evaluations use a randomised design (Winzar et al. 2023).

    This finding echoes the Australian Productivity Commission’s 2020 report into the evaluation of Indigenous programs (Productivity Commission 2020).

    This report concluded that ‘both the quality and usefulness of evaluations of policies and programs affecting Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are lacking’, and that ‘Evaluation is often an afterthought rather than built into policy design’ (Productivity Commission 2020).

    Finding what works: using strong signals from prior research

    If we accept that the central goal of evaluation is to find interventions that work, there are important implications for researchers and research funders.

    It means that it makes sense to evaluate an intervention, using a large randomised trial, only if there is a strong signal in prior research.

    Examples of prior research could include a pilot randomised trial, a high‑quality quasi‑experiment, or a randomised trial of a related program.

    This is the approach that Arnold Ventures is taking in the US via the Coalition for Evidence‑Based Policy, the US nonprofit relaunched under the leadership of Jon Baron (Coalition for Evidence‑Based Policy n.d.).

    Rigorous testing enabled Arnold Ventures to create a growing body of proven interventions in education and training (Coalition for Evidence‑Based Policy n.d.). It’s an approach also being used by the US Department of Education in its Investing in Innovation Fund, which was recently renamed the Education Innovation and Research Program. It has yielded a much higher success rate in identifying interventions with true effectiveness. In 2019, robust evidence standards used by the Fund (as it was at the time) resulted in positive impacts for 40 to 50 per cent of its larger grants.

    Compare this to the US Department of Health and Human Services’ Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program, which had a much lower hit rate of success – just 17 per cent – for its larger grants (Arnold Ventures 2019).

    Arnold Ventures (2018b) proposes a strategy for policy and researchers that involves 3 tiers of evidence – top, middle and low.

    Expand the implementation of programs backed by strong (‘top tier’) evidence of sizable, sustained effects on important life outcomes.

    Fund and/or conduct rigorous evaluations of programs backed by highly promising (‘middle tier’) evidence, to hopefully move them into the top tier.

    Build the pipeline of promising programs through modest investments in the development and initial testing of many diverse approaches (as part of a ‘lower tier’).

    This is about systematising our use of evidence: a familiar approach in medicine, but one that has not been standard practice for all policymakers.

    It is about producing tangible proof that randomised policy trials improve lives, in that way that we already have tangible proof that randomised medical trials save lives.

    As a specific example of this kind of approach, in the US state of Maryland, a partnership between Arnold Ventures and the state government is already scaling‑up proven programs.

    In August last year, the high‑dosage maths tutoring program for 9th and 10th graders I mentioned earlier (Saga Education) and ASSISTments – an educational tool for mathematics – received scale‑up funding under the US$20 million Maryland Partnership for Proven Programs with Arnold Ventures (Arnold Ventures 2024b).

    In the UK, the development of the What Works Network is a world‑leading achievement which owes credit to the network of evidence‑based policymakers. That includes the extraordinary David Halpern, who will be speaking on the panel shortly (for an excellent snapshot of his recommendations for the coming decade, see Halpern 2023).

    Across health and housing, education and employment, hundreds of UK randomised trials have been conducted. For a practitioner, policymaker or curious member of the British public, it is now easier than ever to see what we know, and what we do not (Leigh 2024a).

    For example, the Education Endowment Foundation has run literally hundreds of randomised trials in the education sector. It uses these findings, alongside rigorous evaluations conducted outside the UK, to advocate for evidence‑based education policies (Education Endowment Foundation n.d.).

    The Education Endowment Foundation has commissioned 316 research projects (208 of which are randomised trials). Sixty per cent of schools in England have taken part in a randomised trial funded by the Foundation. Seventy per cent of school leaders use the Education Endowment Foundation’s teaching and learning toolkit when making their funding decisions on spending for pupils from disadvantaged backgrounds.

    Here in Australia, we are committed to taking a stronger approach towards evidence‑based policymaking.

    In July 2023 we established the Australian Centre for Evaluation in the Department of the Treasury.

    The main role of the centre is to collaborate with other Australian Government departments to conduct rigorous evaluations, including randomised trials. Such agreements have already been forged with federal agencies responsible for employment, health, education and social services.

    Led by Eleanor Williams, armed with a modest budget of A$2 million per year and just over a dozen staff, the Centre operates on smarts and gentle persuasion, not mandates or orders (Leigh 2024b).

    No agency is forced to use the services of the Australian Centre for Evaluation, but all are encouraged to do so. This reflects the reality that evaluation, unlike audit, isn’t something that can be done as an afterthought. A high‑quality impact evaluation needs to be built into the design of a program from the outset (Leigh 2024b).

    The centre takes an active role in considering aspects that are relevant to all evaluations, such as rigorous ethical review and access to administrative microdata. The Australian Bureau of Statistics is playing a pivotal role in brokering access to administrative data for policy experiments.

    Collaboration with evaluation researchers outside of government is critical, too. Thanks to a joint initiative by the Centre and the Australian Education Research Organisation, we now have the Impact Evaluation Practitioners Network, which is bringing together government and external impact evaluators.

    The centre has several randomised trials currently underway, and I await the results with interest.

    In the next month, the centre will release a Randomised Controlled Trial Showcase Report, featuring examples of public policy‑related trials in Australia.

    Another organisation doing extraordinarily thorough research across the whole of social policy and the social sciences is the nonprofit Campbell Collaboration.

    For example, the Campbell Countering Violent Extremism evidence synthesis program is a global research initiative that is attracting attention here in Australia. The program originated from a 5‑country partnership of Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the UK and the US (Campbell Collaboration n.d.). Professor Lorraine Mazerolle from the University of Queensland is one of the principal investigators on the program (Campbell Collaboration n.d.).

    Creating an experimenting society

    Bringing a ‘what works’ philosophy to social policy is vital to helping the most vulnerable.

    And it is by no means a new idea. It follows the path forged by the prominent social scientist Donald Campbell.

    He is of course, the ‘Campbell’ in the Campbell Collaboration, which was named after him to honour his substantial contributions to social science and methodology.

    Over 50 years ago, Dr Campbell wrote Methods for the Experimenting Society, outlining his vision for helping governments to produce better‑informed policies and social interventions via research and evaluation (Campbell 1991).[1]

    In this paper, Campbell forewarns policymakers of the ‘over‑advocacy trap’, where advocates of a new social program or policy make exaggerated claims about its effectiveness in order to get it adopted (Campbell 1991). He effectively highlights the tension between the need for strong advocacy to get social programs funded and adopted, and the need for rigorous evaluation to determine their true effectiveness (Campbell 1991).

    Thirty years after Dr Campbell wrote Methods for the Experimenting Society, the US Department of Education was allocating over a billion US dollars each year to an after‑school program called the 21st Century Community Learning Center initiative.

    The program, which was initiated in 1998, saw children attending the centres for up to 4 hours of after‑school programs, where they partook in everything from tutoring to drama to sports. It attracted high‑profile advocates, including the former Californian governor and Mr Universe, Arnold Schwarzenegger.

    It’s no wonder then, that a randomised trial by Mathematica in 2003 startled everyone with its findings (Haskins 2009). Attending the after‑school program raised a child’s likelihood of being suspended from school (Leigh 2018). And there was no evidence that the after‑school program improved academic outcomes.

    The program’s prominent advocates had fallen head‑first into the over‑advocacy trap.

    Overcoming denial with collaboration and momentum

    American political scientist Ron Haskins commented on how easy it was for Schwarzenegger to flex his celebrity muscle to overcome a negative evaluation. ‘The lesson here, yet again, is that good evidence does not speak for itself in the policy process and is only one – sometimes a rather puny – element in a policy debate’ (Haskins 2009).

    Overcoming denial in the face of irrefutable evidence requires continuous collaboration and sustained momentum. In 2025 and beyond, we will need both to reach the tipping point on the widespread use of rigorous impact evaluation across public policy. It will be harder to run roughshod over good evidence if OECD nations continue to collaborate – both internally with non‑profit researchers outside of government, and externally with other nations.

    Philanthropic foundations in the UK, US and other OECD nations have a strong track record in supporting randomised policy trials. Initiatives such as the Maryland Partnership for Proven Programs and Arnold Ventures, which I mentioned earlier, demonstrate that the ‘what works’ philosophy in social policy is gaining traction.

    Here in Australia, the Paul Ramsay Foundation launched a A$2.1 million open grant round in 2024. Its structure is similar to a successful model that the Laura and John Arnold Foundation has deployed in the United States over the past decade (Leigh 2024c).

    The grants, which last for 3 years and are valued at up to A$300,000 each, will support up to 7 experimental evaluations conducted by non‑profits with a social impact mission. For example, improving education outcomes for young people with disabilities, reducing domestic and family violence, or helping jobless people find work (Paul Ramsay Foundation 2024).

    The Australian Centre for Evaluation supported the open grant round, and is helping to connect grantees with administrative data relevant to the evaluation, and I am excited to see what we learn from these studies (Leigh 2024b).

    One of the most appealing advantages of well‑conducted randomised trials is that they resonate well with 3 democratic principles: non‑arbitrariness, revisability and public justification (Tanasoca and Leigh 2023).

    This gives us good democratic reasons to seek out such evidence for policymaking. Indeed, the more democratic a regime is, the more likely it is to conduct randomised trials (Tanasoca and Leigh 2023).

    Recall the first big public administration reform – the growth of a professionalised civil service – rested on the development of democratic institutions. Nobel laureates Daron Acemoglu and James Robinson call this the ‘red queen effect’, in which societies offering more public goods also need to offer more democratic social power (Acemoglu and Robinson 2019).

    The seventh reform – randomised trials and evidence‑based policymaking – takes us further along the corridor. Things are not true simply because politicians assert them. Policies must be backed by evidence, and citizens must be able to test and trust that evidence.

    Democracies are on this journey together, and international collaboration is vital to reaching the tipping point.

    This is not about the performative use of words like ‘evaluation’ and ‘evidence’. It is about raising the quality and quantity of evidence, which is one reason that I keep referring to randomised trials. I acknowledge the work of the OECD towards achieving the goal of institutionalising rigorous evaluation across public policy areas, as per the OECD Recommendation of the Council on Public Policy Evaluation (OECD 2022).

    The second annual update of the Global Commission on Evidence also confirms the many signs of momentum towards the Commission’s 3 implementation priorities to formalise and strengthen domestic evidence‑support systems, enhance and leverage the global evidence architecture, and put evidence at the centre of everyday life (Global Commission on Evidence 2024).

    Conclusion

    We’re here because we care about good government. And because we understand that evaluation and evidence science are not fields in their infancy.

    Just as we don’t put homeopathy on the same level as science‑based medicine, it is a mistake to think that evidence‑free policy is on a par with evidence‑based policy.

    OECD governments have decades of experience about how to identify evidence gaps, put policies to the test, and implement the most effective programs (Leigh 2024a).

    Policymaking by focus groups and gut‑feel alone is the modern‑day equivalent of bloodletting and lobotomies in medicine (Leigh 2024a). Which is why the seventh big reform to public administration must focus on finding interventions that work. And on building a body of programs backed by strong, replicated randomised trial evidence of important, lasting improvements in people’s lives.

    This goal requires OECD nations to get behind the momentum of the Global Commission on Evidence.

    This will have massive benefits. It will save lives. It will save dollars. And it will make government work better.

    So let’s make it happen.


    My thanks to officials in the Australian Centre for Evaluation for valuable drafting assistance, and to Jon Baron, President and CEO of the Coalition for Evidence‑Based Policy, and David Halpern CBE, President Emeritus at the Behavioural Insights Team, for valuable discussions that helped shape this speech.

    References

    Acemoglu D and Robinson JA (2019) The Narrow Corridor: States, Societies, and the Fate of Liberty, Penguin, New York.

    Arnold Ventures (21 March 2018a) ‘How to solve U.S. social problems when most rigorous program evaluations find disappointing effects (part one in a series)’, Straight Talk on Evidence, accessed 15 January 2025.

    Arnold Ventures (13 April 2018b) ‘How to solve U.S. social problems when most rigorous program evaluations find disappointing effects (part 2 – a proposed solution)’, Straight Talk on Evidence, accessed 15 January 2025.

    Arnold Ventures (18 June 2019) ‘Evidence‑Based Policy ‘Lite’ Won’t Solve U.S. Social Problems: The Case of HHS’s Teen Pregnancy Prevention Program’, Straight Talk on Evidence, accessed 15 January 2025.

    Arnold Ventures (26 October 2022a) ‘Year Up’, Social Programs That Work, accessed 15 January 2025.

    Arnold Ventures (21 March 2022b) ‘Per Scholas Employment/Training Program for Low-Income Workers’, Social Programs That Work, accessed 15 January 2025.

    Arnold Ventures (11 July 2024a) ‘Saga Math Tutoring’, Social Programs That Work, accessed 15 January 2025.

    Arnold Ventures (28 August 2024b) Governor Moore Announces $20 Million in Grants for Education Programs, First Awards Under Maryland Partnership for Proven Programs with Arnold Ventures [media release], Arnold Ventures, accessed 16 January 2025.

    Australian Education Research Organisation (n.d.), About us, Australian Education Research Organisation website, accessed 22 January 2025.

    Brunner R and Lynch A (2017) ‘Adaptive Governance’, Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science, doi:10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.601.

    Campbell Collaboration (n.d.) Our work, Campbell Collaboration website, accessed 16 January 2025.

    Campbell Collaboration (n.d.) About the CVE programme, Campbell Collaboration website, accessed 21 January 2025.

    Campbell DT (1991) ‘Methods for the Experimenting Society’, Evaluation Practice, 12(3):223–260.

    Education Endowment Foundation (n.d.) How we work, Education Endowment Foundation website, accessed 22 January 2025.

    Global Commission on Evidence to Address Societal Challenges (2024), ‘Global Evidence Commission update 2024: Building momentum in strengthening domestic evidence‑support systems, enhancing the global evidence architecture, and putting evidence at the centre of everyday life’ [PDF 5MB], McMaster Health Forum, Hamilton, accessed 17 January 2025.

    Halpern D (2023) ‘Foreword’, in Sanders M and Breckon J (eds) The What Works Centres: Lessons and Insights from an Evidence Movement, Bristol University Press, Bristol.

    Haskins R (17–18  August 2009) ‘Chapter 3 With a scope so wide: using evidence to innovate, improve, manage, budget’ [roundtablee presentation] Strengthening Evidence‑based Policy in the Australian Federation, Session 1 Evidence‑based policy: Its principles and development Canberra, accessed 16 January 2025.

    Jacobs A (4 April 2024) ‘Glasses Improve Income, Not Just Eyesight’, The New York Times, accessed 15 January 2025.

    Leigh A (2018) Randomistas: How Radical Researchers Changed Our World, Black Inc, Melbourne.

    Leigh A (3 October 2024a) ‘Address to the UK Evaluation Task Force, 9 Downing Street, London’ [presentation], London, accessed 15 January 2025.

    Leigh A (17 June 2024) ‘Address to the Australian Evaluation Showcase, Canberra’ [presentation], Australian Evaluation Showcase, Canberra, accessed 15 January 2025.

    Leigh A (28 November 2024c) ‘Address to 10th Annual Social Impact Measurement Network Australia Awards’ [presentation], 10th Annual Social Impact Measurement Network Australia Awards, Virtual, accessed 17 January 2025.

    OECD (Organisation for Economic Co‑operation and Development) (2022) Recommendation of the Council on Public Policy Evaluation, Adopted on 06/07/2022, OECD Legal Instruments, OECD/LEGAL/0478, accessed 17 January 2025.

    Patrick DL (29 January 2014) Massachusetts Launches Landmark Initiative to Reduce Recidivism Among At‑Risk Youth [media release], Commonwealth of Massachusetts, accessed 14 January 2025.

    Paul Ramsay Foundation (17 June 2024) ‘Experimental evaluation open grant round’, Paul Ramsay Foundation, accessed 17 January 2025.

    Productivity Commission (2020) Indigenous Evaluation Strategy: Background Paper, Australian Government.

    Roca Inc., Commonwealth of Massachusetts, and Third Sector Capital Partners (30 August 2024) Final Report: the Massachusetts Juvenile Justice Pay for Success project, accessed 14 January 2025.

    Sehrin F, Jin L, Naher K, Chandra Das N, Chan VF, Li DF, Bergson S, Gudwin E, Clarke M, Stephan T and Congdon N (2024) ‘The effect on income of providing near vision correction to workers in Bangladesh: The THRIVE (Tradespeople and Hand‑workers Rural Initiative for a Vision‑enhanced Economy) randomized controlled trial’, PLOS ONE, 19(4):e0296115, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0296115.

    Tanasoca A and Leigh A (2024) ‘The Democratic Virtues of Randomized Trials’, Moral Philosophy and Politics, 22(1):113–140, doi:10.1515/mopp‑2022–0039.

    Winzar C, Tofts‑Len S, Corpu E (2023) Disrupting disadvantage 3: Finding what works, Committee for Economic Development of Australia, Melbourne, accessed 16 January 2025.

    Footnotes

    [1] Campbell’s paper was written around 1971 and used in presentations to the Eastern Psychological Association and the American Psychological Association. It was revised and first published in 1988 (see Campbell 1991).

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Great South Road blocked following crash

    Source: New Zealand Police (District News)

    Great South Road is currently blocked near Mcannalley Street following a crash.

    The single-vehicle crash was reported just before 5pm.

    The vehicle has collided with a power pole, causing power lines to fall.

    No injuries have been reported.

    Motorists are advised to avoid the area and expect delays.

    ENDS

    Issued by Police Media Centre

    MIL OSI New Zealand News

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Sun and celebration at Waitangi 2025

    Source: New Zealand Police (National News)

    Thousands of people descended onto the grounds at Waitangi today for one of the biggest events of the year.

    With no major issues and no arrests made, Police are pleased with the proceedings of Waitangi Day 2025.

    Northland District Prevention Manager, Inspector Dean Robinson, says there was a large turnout of attendees at this morning’s dawn service and other activities throughout the day.

    “It’s been a beautiful day, filled with people from near and far all coming together to commemorate this occasion.

    “We worked closely with iwi, the Waitangi National Trust and the community to ensure this was a safe and enjoyable day for the public.”

    Inspector Robinson says the atmosphere was relaxed and respectful.

    “It was great to see so many people celebrating with whānau and enjoying their time at Waitangi.”

    Waitangi Ltd Chief Executive, Ben Dalton, says the day was filled with people in good spirits.

    “It’s been yet another beautiful Waitangi Day and we are grateful to everyone who came to mark this moment with us.

    “Thank you to everyone who has supported and assisted in making this another successful day for everyone to enjoy.”

    ENDS

    Issued by Police Media Centre

    MIL OSI New Zealand News

  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: 2025 Asian Winter Games

    Source: Government of the Republic of Korea

    International Events

    The ninth Asian Winter Games runs from Feb. 7-14 in Harbin, China. Last held in 2017 in Sapporo, Japan, the competition has returned this year with about 1,300 competitors from 34 countries. 

    Korea’s 222-member national team has 148 athletes and 74 coaches and staff in six events: those on ice (figure, short track and speed skating), skiing (alpine, cross country, freestyle and snowboard), biathlon, curling, ice hockey and mountain skiing.

    MIL OSI Asia Pacific News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Senators Marshall, Lee Reintroduce SHUSH Act to Simplify Suppressor Rules

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Kansas Roger Marshall

    Washington, D.C. – U.S. Senator Roger Marshall, M.D. and Senator Mike Lee (R-UT) introduced the Silencers Helping Us Save Hearing (SHUSH) Act, a bill to eliminate the excessive regulation of firearm suppressors. The bill seeks to simplify the purchase process for law-abiding citizens and reduce unnecessary bureaucratic obstacles. The SHUSH Act has garnered the support of the National Association for Gun Rights, Gun Owners of America, the National Rifle Association, and the National Shooting Sports Foundation. 
    “The misinformation around silencers has led many to fear and misunderstand this valuable tool,” said Senator Marshall. “Silencers help gun owners across America protect their hearing and safely exercise their Second Amendment Right – restricting access to a safety tool for gun owners just doesn’t make sense. By treating silencers the same as any other firearm accessory, this bill will protect Americans’ Second Amendment rights and encourage safe firearm usage.”
    “Despite what Hollywood may lead you to believe, silencers aren’t silent, and they aren’t just for secret agents,” said Senator Lee. “They are a vital tool for hearing protection for countless marksmen and gun enthusiasts across America, and making them prohibitively difficult to obtain is an assault on the 2nd Amendment. The SHUSH Act eliminates federal regulation of silencers and treats them as the non-lethal accessory that they are.”
    Background
    Suppressors, commonly known as silencers, are non-lethal firearm accessories widely used by hunters, sportsmen, and marksmen. These devices enhance safety by reducing noise, recoil, and muzzle blast. Contrary to popular belief, they do not completely silence firearms.
    Currently, the process to legally acquire a suppressor involves an extensive and burdensome procedure through the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), including:

    Completing two copies of ATF Form 4
    Filling out ATF Form 5330.20 Certification of Compliance
    Obtaining certification from a local chief law enforcement officer and two copies of fingerprints
    Submitting two passport photos and a $200 check to the ATF
    This approval process can take 9-12 months, making the purchase of a suppressor prohibitively complex and costly for many consumers

    The SHUSH Act aims to:

    Eliminate federal regulation of suppressors as firearms under the National Firearms Act (NFA) and the Gun Control Act (GCA).
    Remove existing taxes, fees, and registration requirements associated with suppressors.
    Allow current or retired law enforcement officers to carry concealed firearms with suppressors.
    Preempt state regulations on the manufacture, transfer, transport, or possession of suppressors.
    Strike provisions requiring mandatory minimum sentences for suppressor possession in certain cases.
    Exempt suppressors from regulation by the Consumer Product Safety Commission.
    Provide a provision for a refund of the $200 transfer tax for anyone who purchased a suppressor within two years prior to the enactment of the bill.

    If passed, the SHUSH Act will work alongside the Hearing Protection Act to further deregulate suppressors and remove them from the Gun Control Act of 1968.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI Australia: MEDIA RELEASE: Unions till the soil for more extreme IR changes

    Source: Australian Mines and Metals Association – AMMA

    Resource sector employers are concerned trade union leaders are building the case for more extreme anti-business industrial relations changes ahead of this year’s federal election.

    The Australian today reports the Australian Council of Trade Unions (ACTU) is lobbying the Albanese Government to ban employers from taking lockout action in response to industrial action by employees.

    “The right to lock out striking employees is very rarely used as it ultimately hurts the business as well as penalises the workforce,” said AREEA Chief Executive Steve Knott AM.

    “But when faced with extreme demands and damaging strikes, it may be the last response action left available to employers within Australia’s IR system.

    “Employers are still reeling from three substantial packages of egregiously pro-union changes to Australia’s IR legislation passed during the Albanese Government’s first term.

    “Unions can now force bargaining on employers without requiring the majority support of the workforce.

    “They are incentivised to draw out disputes beyond nine months so they can get their enterprise agreement terms arbitrated by the Fair Work Commission; and they can threaten and organise strikes in support of multi-employer bargaining campaigns.

    “These are all new features of the IR system that were not announced prior to the Government’s election in 2022 and were passed into law with very limited justification or consultation.

    “We are already seeing a notable increase in industrial disputes. ABS data shows during the Albanese Government’s first term the average number of industrial disputes is up 25% and the average number of working days lost is up 53%, compared to the prior nine years of Coalition Government.

    “Australian employers are facing greater employment costs and complexity than ever before and unprecedented third-party interference in the management of their workforces.

    “Should the Government cede to the ACTU’s demands to limit or reduce lockouts – sometimes the last line of defence for besieged employers – it may as well ask businesses to hand over a blank cheque to militant unions to write their own terms and conditions.”

    Despite the Government’s assurances of no further substantial legislative IR changes, Mr Knott said employers suspected a pipeline of further union demands should the ALP win a second term.

    “Union wish-list items are likely to include non-member union bargaining fees and unfettered rights to strike at any time,” Mr Knott said.

    “It’s also curious the ACTU would go public with this particular IR policy demand just days before the Government is set to be handed its report on the impacts of its first IR legislation amendment package – which included significant overhaul of Australia’s enterprise bargaining laws.

    “These developments have employers very nervous about what the ACTU is planning for a potential second term of the Albanese Government.

    “The Government should take this opportunity to categorically rule out any change to lockout provisions and restate its position on no additional amendments to IR laws.”

    MIL OSI News