Translation. Region: Russian Federal
Source: Moscow Government – Government of Moscow –
Large-scale field research continues in the Moscow part of the Losiny Ostrov National Park. Specialists are studying the ecological and recreational state of the Kazenny Pond.
“Regular environmental research is the basis for competent management of the capital’s natural areas. The city actively supports scientific projects that help track changes in the state of flora and fauna under the influence of humans and climate. This allows us to make effective decisions – not for the short term, but taking into account the future of Moscow as a green, environmentally friendly city,” said Yulia Urozhaeva, head of the capital’s
Department of Nature Management and Environmental Protection.
Last year, a unique large-scale ecological and biological survey was conducted in Losiny Ostrov Park, in which more than 80 specialists from five scientific institutes took part. They identified more than 1,500 species of animals and plants, of which over 200 are rare and protected. Based on the survey results, experts gave recommendations for supporting vulnerable animal species. In addition, programs for their conservation and restoration were developed.
This year, comprehensive studies of the park’s nature continue. In April, a group of scientists, including specialists from the A.N. Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution of the Russian Academy of Sciences, began studying the biodiversity of Losiny Ostrov’s water bodies. Experts took samples of phyto- and zooplankton from Babaevsky Pond, as well as benthic organisms living in the soil. Then hydrobiologists took samples of water and bottom sediments in Kazenny Pond, as well as samples of the upper layer of bottom sediments. This is done in order to assess the current ecological and recreational state of the water bodies. It can change under the influence of external factors, which often has a negative impact on biodiversity, since the life cycle of many organisms is directly related to water.
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At the next stage, scientists in the laboratory analyze the species composition of two groups of organisms: testate amoebae (benthic organisms living on the bottom) and cladocerans (representatives of plankton). These microorganisms are bioindicators, the presence of which and the structure of their populations can be used to judge the degree of pollution of a reservoir.
Testate amoebae are particularly sensitive to heavy metals, petroleum products and road salt. Cladocerans respond to the general organic load.
If plankton shows that the water is relatively clean, and bottom organisms indicate the opposite, this indicates the need for careful and targeted work with bottom sediments, hydrobiologists note.
Experts also collect cores—deep samples of silt—that allow them to study how the state of the reservoir has changed over the past decades.
According to scientists, the Kazennyi pond has a high degree of overgrowth, accumulation of organic matter and oxygen deficiency in winter. Such conditions can cause damage to aquatic fauna, so it is necessary to conduct regular monitoring of the reservoir’s condition.
Based on the data obtained, specialists develop recommendations for improving the condition of the pond. One possible measure is to increase the flow rate, for example by supplying additional volumes of clean water or cleaning the drainage channels. This will reduce the concentration of organic matter and restore the ecosystem. It is also important that the pond is not cleaned once. Without a comprehensive approach and regular monitoring, the pond’s condition may deteriorate in a few years.
“If you simply clean a reservoir, in 10 years it will be in the same condition again. It is important to improve the functioning of the entire ecosystem – so that aquatic organisms themselves process excess organic matter. This will ensure clean water, sustainable biodiversity and a favorable environment for city residents,” the experts noted.
The data collected during field work will form the basis for long-term environmental monitoring and the development of solutions for the restoration and maintenance of the capital’s water bodies.
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