Translartion. Region: Russians Fedetion –
Source: State University of Management – Official website of the State –
On February 13, 1945, the Budapest operation of Soviet troops during the Great Patriotic War ended, as a result of which the central regions of Hungary, including its capital, were liberated, and the puppet “Government of National Unity” lost power over the country.
By the end of 1944, Germany’s position was already unenviable, it had to fight on three fronts: in Italy, France and against the Red Army rapidly advancing from the east. The defense of Budapest was of paramount importance, because its loss meant the loss of the last major source of oil, so Hitler even declared that it was better to surrender Berlin than to lose Hungarian oil. The Germans built three lines of defense around Budapest and significantly fortified the city itself, which was defended by Army Group South and the remnants of the Hungarian armed forces.
The Soviet offensive on Budapest began on October 29. They failed to take the city on the move. The second attempt also met with fierce resistance. In December, the Germans even attempted to counterattack and pushed the Russians back in some areas of the front. However, on December 26, their forces were completely surrounded, with 188,000 people trapped in the cauldron. And they had no intention of surrendering; moreover, they shot the envoys sent with an ultimatum to capitulate. Their counterattacking tanks numbered 50-60 units per kilometer of front – a density of equipment unseen throughout the war. Having had the bloody experience of the Battle of Stalingrad and the Battle of Kursk, the Red Army responded with a deeply echeloned defense, effective reconnaissance, and preemptive strikes. The Germans were unable to break out of the encirclement, and in early February, their counteroffensive finally petered out in all directions.
The heaviest urban battles in some areas began on January 18. That same day, our troops liberated about 70,000 Jews from the Budapest ghetto. Now, when the organized counteroffensive of the Germans had failed, they rushed out of Budapest chaotically and with particular despair. From the memoirs of Soviet Major General Andrei Kovtun-Stankevich:
“Everyone takes part in the battle, including the telephone operators. Telephone operator Zoya Vasilchenko destroyed up to 15 fascists with a machine gun. The battalion captured more prisoners than it had personnel.”
“The commander of the medical battalion, Krutilov, arrived and proudly handed me a “combat” report. It turns out that the medical battalion had fought a battle today, as a result of which 49 Germans were killed and 56 were taken prisoner. Everyone took part in the battle, including the wounded who were able to fire. Even the pharmacist, an elderly woman, fired a pistol.”
On February 13, 1945, the German group in Budapest was finally liquidated. The commander, SS-Obergruppenführer Karl Pfeffer-Wildenbruch, dressed in a soldier’s uniform along with all the staff officers, surrendered on his own initiative to the head of the chemical service of the 180th rifle division, Major Skripin.
In honor of this victory, a salute of 24 salvos from 324 guns was given in Moscow. The result of the successful operation was the complete liquidation of the enemy forces and the withdrawal of Hungary from the war. In addition, the advancement on the remaining sections of the Soviet-German front was noticeably facilitated by the transfer of German troops to Budapest. A threat was created to the Balkan group of the Wehrmacht, which was forced to accelerate its withdrawal from Yugoslavia.
The State University of Management congratulates on this memorable date and recalls our scientific regiment – employees awarded the medal “For the capture of Budapest”:
-Hero of the Soviet Union, Alexander Davydov, Guard Lieutenant Colonel, Deputy Head of the Nile MIE-MIU department from 1962 to 1985;
-Gennady Belykh, Colonel, Head of the educational and methodological department of the MIU;
-Peter Burov, Major Engineer, Vice-Rector for the Academic Affairs of MIEI from 1952 to 1962;
-Ivan Steel, Major Engineer, chief of staff of the railway troops of the 3rd Ukrainian Front, associate professor of the Department of structures and structures of MIEI.
Subscribe to the TG channel “Our GUU” Date of publication: 02/13/2025
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