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  • MIL-Evening Report: Promoted as a win-win, Australia’s Pacific island guest worker scheme is putting those workers at risk

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Matt Withers, Senior Lecturer, School of Sociology, Australian National University

    The Pacific Australia Labour Mobility Scheme (PALM) has been lauded by both sides of politics as a “win win” for the islanders who come here and the Australians who use their services.

    Australia’s Department of Foreign Affairs has even labelled it a “triple win”, for the workers, their hosts and for their home nations who receive remittances.

    But beneath the surface serious questions are being asked about the safety of workers denied the right to leave their employers.

    A report by the NSW Anti-slavery Commissioner entitled Be Our Guests has identified signs of debt bondage, deceptive recruiting, forced labour and, in extreme cases, servitude, sexual servitude and human trafficking.

    The NSW parliament has launched its own inquiry into the risks faced by migrant workers in response and is seeking submissions.

    Employment Minister Murray Watt this month signalled changes, saying there had been “far too many abuses of the PALM scheme”.

    PALM allows rural and regional employers to hire workers from nine Pacific nations and Timor-Leste when there are not enough local workers available.

    Unplanned pregnancies, sleeping rough

    The workers hired do not have the right to change employers while in Australia, even for contracts of up to four years, except via a request from their original employer or a direction from the Department of Employment.

    This means workers who abandon their employers for reasons including underpayment of wages, excessive deductions and overcharging for accommodation become absconders and lose their rights.

    The NSW Modern Slavery Commissioner says there are several thousand absconded PALM workers in Australia, without access to health insurance and formal income. Among them are women with unplanned pregnancies denied antenatal care due to ineligibility for Medicare.

    The Commissioner says crisis accommodation services in the NSW Riverina report having exhausted all available resources, including tents, for PALM workers who have left their employers and are sleeping rough.

    Australia had 30,805 PALM workers at the end of August, one-third of them (11,420) in Queensland. Most work in farming (52%) and 39% in meat processing. The accommodation and care industries between them account for 6%.



    For many of these workers, the income is life-changing. An I-Kiribati worker I interviewed recently told me she makes more money cleaning hotel rooms in Queensland than is paid to the president of her country.

    The Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade says between July 2018 to October 2022 PALM workers sent home a total of A$184 million, but their employers made profits of $289 million and charged them a further $74 million in rent.

    Unable to switch employers, their bargaining power is weak.

    An estimated 45 workers on the PALM scheme died between June 2022 and June 2023. Nineteen deaths remain under investigation.

    After a Fijian abattoir worker died of a brain tumour in June, Fiji raised with Australia claims of racism, bullying, excessive workloads, unfair termination and unsafe working conditions under the program.

    Minimum pay, but no right to move

    Reforms introduced last year guaranteed workers a minimum of 30 hours per week and a minimum weekly take-home pay (after deductions) of $200.

    But until PALM workers are able to move freely between approved employers they will remain at risk of what the president of the Australian Council of Trade Unions Michele O’Neil calls modern-day slavery.

    O’Neil wants the government to blacklist bad employers and identify ethical ones in consultation with unions and civil society organisations. But she says until PALM workers can move, they risk being treated as disposable labour.

    Many employers treat their PALM workers well, but the current design of the scheme leaves that outcome to chance, and leaves badly-treated workers trapped.

    It’s time to give them the same sort of right to move between employers as the rest of us.

    Matt Withers does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. Promoted as a win-win, Australia’s Pacific island guest worker scheme is putting those workers at risk – https://theconversation.com/promoted-as-a-win-win-australias-pacific-island-guest-worker-scheme-is-putting-those-workers-at-risk-240333

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-Evening Report: With AI translation tools so powerful, what is the point of learning a language?

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Elba Ramirez, Senior Lecturer and Programme Leader BA International Studies, Auckland University of Technology

    In the age of artificial intelligence (AI), foreign language learning can seem like it’s becoming obsolete. Why invest the time and effort to learn another language when technology can do it for you?

    There are now translation tools to understand song lyrics, translate websites and to enable automated captions when watching foreign videos and movies. Our phones can instantly translate spoken words.

    At the same time, foreign language programmes are closing at New Zealand and Australian universities.

    But while technology can translate messages, it misses an important component of human communication – the cultural nuances behind the words.

    So, while AI translation might bridge language barriers and promote communication because of its accessibility, it’s important to be clear about the benefits and challenges it presents. Merely relying on technology to translate between languages will ultimately lead to misunderstandings and a less rich human experience.

    The rise of translation technology

    Translation technology has rapidly grown since its emergence between the 1950s and 1960s. This progress was bolstered by the commercialisation of computer-assisted translation systems in the 1980s.

    But recent advances in generative AI have led to significant breakthroughs in translation technologies.

    Google Translate has dramatically changed since its launch in 2006. Initially developed as a limited statistical translation machine, it has evolved into a “portable interpreter”.

    AI translation is useful in some circumstances. For example, helping teachers communicate with parents who speak a different language, or when travelling.

    Translation technology may even play a role in the preservation of Indigenous and minority languages on the verge of disappearing by supporting online collections of literature. Incorporating AI-powered technology in these digital libraries can help users access and understand these texts.

    But the new technology also comes with limitations.

    In 2019, staff at an Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention centre in the United States used AI translation to process an asylum application. The voice-translation tool was unable to understand an applicant’s regional accent or dialect, leading to the asylum seeker spending six months in detention without being able to meaningfully communicate with anyone.

    In 2021, a court in the US determined Google Translate wasn’t reliable enough to ensure someone’s consent. A trooper had used the translation app to ask a Spanish-speaking suspect if he could search her car. Google Translate used the word “registrar” (which translates as “register” but can be used to say “examine”) when, in fact, the word “buscar” (to search) would have been more appropriate.

    Brain health and other benefits

    Learning additional languages also stands out as one of the best ways to improve ourselves, with benefits for brain health, social skills, cultural understanding, empathy and career opportunities.

    An analysis of studies from 2012 to 2019 found speaking more than one language can enhance the brain’s flexibility, delay the onset of dementia, and improve cognitive health later in life. The analysis also recommended starting language learning early.

    In 2022, the Council of Europe emphasised the significance of plurilingual and intercultural education for fostering democratic culture, noting its cognitive, linguistic and social benefits.

    And this year, the council launched the “Language education at the heart of democracy” programme. The goal is to highlight the importance of learning language for a fairer society.

    Lost in translation

    In Aotearoa New Zealand, English is widely used. Te reo Māori and New Zealand Sign Language are also recognised as official languages. Some 29% of citizens are born overseas. There are more than 150 languages spoken, with at least 24 spoken by more than 10,000 people.

    But interest in learning languages has fallen. In 2021, 980 full-time equivalent students studied a language other than Māori or New Zealand Sign Language at one of the country’s eight universities, falling from 1,555 less than a decade earlier.

    As a consequence, a number of universities have closed, or announced plans to close, their language programmes.

    While AI-powered translation technology has its uses, a great deal can be lost if we rely solely on it to communicate. The nuances of languages, and what they say about different cultures, are difficult to communicate via translation tools.

    And the benefits of being bilingual or multilingual – both personally and for the wider community – risk being lost if we don’t support second language learning.

    Elba Ramirez does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. With AI translation tools so powerful, what is the point of learning a language? – https://theconversation.com/with-ai-translation-tools-so-powerful-what-is-the-point-of-learning-a-language-238068

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-OSI China: China aims to cultivate about 62,000 master artisans by 2035

    Source: China State Council Information Office 2

    China aims to cultivate a first-class industrial workforce with a view to providing strong talent and skill support for the building of a great country, and for the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese modernization.
    Through deepening reforms in the building of its industrial workforce, the country aims to foster approximately 2,000 national-level master artisans, 10,000 provincial-level master artisans and 50,000 city-level master artisans who are highly knowledgeable and have high levels of technical and innovative skills by 2035, according to a set of guidelines issued by the Communist Party of China Central Committee and the State Council.
    To adapt to the needs of new industrialization, the country will promote modern vocational education, increase efforts to foster talent with comprehensive technical skills, and refine the lifelong vocational skills training system for industrial workers, aiming to cultivate urgently needed talent for the development of new quality productive forces and the promotion of high-quality development, according to the guidelines.
    The country will promote continuing education projects for industrial workers by encouraging more colleges and universities to establish classes and advanced training courses for craftspeople, model workers and technical talent.
    The world’s second-largest economy will also encourage manufacturing enterprises to implement fundamental industrial skills training projects for workers and offer support plans for talent.
    Efforts will also be made to attract more young people to join the ranks of industrial workers through strengthened policy support and employment-related services, and through the establishment of match-making platforms for colleges and companies.
    The country will also strengthen skills training for migrant workers and help them integrate into cities more effectively by easing policies related to their permanent urban residency registration, helping migrant workers gain equal access to basic urban public services, according to the guidelines. 

    MIL OSI China News

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Rotorua Police lay charges in relation to hunting death

    Source: New Zealand Police (District News)

    Rotorua Police have today charged a man in relation to the death of Michael William Bennett, who was fatally shot while hunting in the Te Urewera Ranges on 1 December 2023.

    Mr Bennett, aged 63, had been located deceased by a hunting companion and a personal locator beacon was activated at around 2am that day.

    A 50-year-old man has been charged with careless use of a firearm causing death and recklessly discharging a firearm.

    He is scheduled to appear in Rotorua District Court on Thursday 24 October.

    Police would like to take this opportunity to again extend our condolences to Mr Bennett’s family for their loss.

    ENDS

    Issued by Police Media Centre. 

    MIL OSI New Zealand News

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Rooftop youth will face consequences

    Source: New Zealand Government

    “The young offenders involved in the rooftop incident at an Oranga Tamariki youth justice residence in Auckland need to know there will be consequences for their actions, Children’s Minister Karen Chhour says.

    “Last night, 13 young people gained access to the roof of the Korowai Manaaki residence at about 6.30pm.

    “All of them are now down and I witnessed the final two come down late this morning.

    “I have been assured by Oranga Tamariki there were no demands made by the young people and no demands would have been met, as this wasn’t a negotiation.

    “There is no excuse for this totally unacceptable behaviour and there will be consequences for their actions.

    “I want to thank all the Oranga Tamariki staff as well as Police and Corrections, FENZ and Health NZ for their support. 

    “At no time did any of the young people leave the property and there were no concerns for public safety.

    “The facility has done what it was supposed to do – none of these young offenders have been able to leave the premises,” Karen Chhour says.

    This is the first rooftop incident at an Oranga Tamariki youth justice residence this year, compared to 15 similar incidents in 2023

    It comes after significant changes had been made to the operation of the youth justice residences since the release in September last year of the Independent, External Rapid Review of Oranga Tamariki Secure Residences by former Police Commissioner Mike Bush.

    That work programme included improvements designed to lift the safety and security of residences.

    It also involved improving recruitment for staff, training for staff and assessment of staff.

    Other aspects of the work programme have included strengthening and maintaining infrastructure including target hardening rooftop access points and installing reinforced window frames and more secure ceiling fittings.

    “Work has already begun on assessing how this incident was able to happen and what else can be done to prevent them in future.”

    MIL OSI New Zealand News

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Community disturbance – Jilkminggan

    Source: Northern Territory Police and Fire Services

    Northern Territory Police responded to large disturbances in the remote community of Jilkminggan yesterday.

    Around 7:30pm, police received reports of large groups fighting with weapons, with a male observed driving dangerously throughout the community.

    Mataranka Police attended the area and located the 48-year-old male offender.

    The man allegedly threatened members with a claw hammer, refusing to follow directions. An officer deployed a taser and the man was apprehended and conveyed to the local clinic for assessment.

    He has since been transferred to the watch house and charged with Assault Police and Go Armed in Public.

    Police also located a woman who had been assaulted by up to 6 unknown offenders. She was also conveyed to the local clinic for treatment.

    Investigations into the disturbances remain ongoing.

    Commander Kylie Anderson said “There is no excuse for the behaviour we saw overnight.

    “Local police will be facilitating mediation talks and anyone with information is urged to contact police on 131 444 or visit your local station. You can make an anonymous report through Crime Stoppers on 1800 333 000.”

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Launch of Albanese Labor Government’s Small Business Cyber Resilience Service

    Source: Australian Treasurer

    The Albanese Labor Government is delivering more support to help small businesses prevent and recover from cyber incidents with today’s launch of the new Small Business Cyber Resilience Service.

    IDCARE, the provider of the Service, will deliver free, tailored one‑on‑one assistance to help small businesses navigate cyber challenges, bolster their cyber resilience and recover from a cyber incident.

    Small businesses across Australia, in both regional and metropolitan areas can access the Service by calling 1800 595 170, or by submitting a request through the online form at http://www.idcare.org/smallbusiness.

    Case management support can also be accessed, including mental health support, to help small businesses bounce back after a cyber incident.

    Nearly 94,000 cyber crimes were reported to the Australian Cyber Security Centre in the 2022–23 financial year.

    The average cost of those crimes to a small business is $46,000 with small businesses having limited ability to absorb these losses and the reputational damage they bring.

    The Small Business Cyber Resilience Service is a key initiative under the 2023–2030 Australian Cyber Security Strategy and is part of the Government’s investment of over $60 million to help small businesses uplift their cyber and digital capabilities.

    This includes $23.4 million for the Cyber Wardens program which provides small businesses with free online training to help identify cyber safety practices they can implement to prevent and protect against digital threats.

    The Government is also investing $7.2 million to establish a voluntary cyber health check program which will allow businesses to undertake a free, tailored self assessment of their cyber security maturity.

    And the $18.6 million for the Digital Solutions program, which helps small businesses adopt digital tools and grasp the opportunities that going online offers.

    Quotes attributable to Minister for Small Business, Julie Collins MP:

    “I know how critical it is for Australia’s small businesses to have the help they need to prevent and recover from cyber incidents.

    “Cyber crimes can have devastating impacts for small businesses, with the average cost of a cyber incident around $46,000.

    “That’s why it’s a pleasure to launch the Albanese Labor Government’s new Small Business Cyber Resilience Service.

    “Australia’s small businesses are now able to contact the service by calling 1800 595 170, or by submitting a request through the online form at http://www.idcare.org/smallbusiness when they are looking to protect themselves from a cyber incident or recovering from one.

    “This is just one way our Government is helping Australia’s 2.5 million small businesses.

    “The Government’s Small Business Statement outlines more than $640 million in targeted supports for small businesses to ease pressure, support small businesses to grow, and level the playing field.”

    Quotes attributable to IDCARE Managing Director, Dr David Lacey:

    “We are enormously grateful for this investment from the Federal Government into cyber resilience for small businesses.

    “For the past 10 years, our team has been working with small businesses across the country after they’ve experienced a scam, identity theft or cyber incident.

    “These are the people who have taken a risk and put their blood, sweat and tears into their idea which forms the backbone of the Australian economy.

    “Being able to further assist these small businesses with their cyber resilience is vitally important and we look forward to providing tailored assistance.”

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Appointment – Associate Member of the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission

    Source: Australian Treasurer

    The Albanese Government has today reappointed Ms Nerida O’Loughlin PSM as a part‑time associate member of the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission.

    Ms O’Loughlin is the Chair of the Australian Communications and Media Authority (ACMA) and has been reappointed as an ACCC associate member until 13 October 2027.

    Cross appointments between the ACMA and the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission commenced in 2007 to help ensure a consistent approach is taken when competition and communications matters intersect.

    Ms O’Loughlin commenced as Chair of the ACMA on 14 October 2017 and was previously a Deputy Secretary in the Department of Communications from 2011. Ms O’Loughlin led the Digital Television Switchover Program until 2013 and has been responsible for a diverse range of policy, program and project areas.

    This reappointment will continue the high level of skills and experience available to the ACCC, to ensure that the key sectors of our economy are effectively regulated.

    Ms O’Loughlin’s reappointment also continues the Government’s strong record of identifying capable women for senior public sector roles.

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Ernst, Hassan Invite Veterans to Join VA’s Second Annual National Buddy Check Week

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator Joni Ernst (R-IA)

    WASHINGTON – U.S. Senators Joni Ernst (R-Iowa) Maggie Hassan (D-N.H.) are encouraging veterans to participate in the Department of Veterans Affairs’ (VA) second annual National Buddy Check Week, which starts today and goes through October 25th. Tomorrow, the VA is hosting the first-ever virtual Veteran Buddy Check Summit and providing additional resources to educate veterans on how to conduct peer wellness checks.
    In 2022, Ernst and Hassan’s legislation that instituted the yearly VA program to support veterans’ mental health was passed into law. It is modeled after the American Legion’s “Buddy Check National Week of Calling” to connect veterans to other veterans and better ensure they receive the support they need.
    “As a combat veteran, I know the transition from service to civilian life can be filled with mental health challenges,” said Senator Ernst. “I was proud to work alongside Senator Hassan to pass this bipartisan legislation which will provide veterans with the tools to support those closest to them. This week, I urge our veterans to connect or reconnect with their veteran friends – just to check in. It’s a simple measure that goes a long way to support the health and safety of those who have bravely served our nation.”
    “Too often, those who’ve served our country face invisible battles long after their time in uniform ends,” said Senator Hassan. “National Buddy Check Week offers an opportunity for veterans to reconnect, support one another, and remind each other that they’re not alone. I encourage all veterans to participate in this week’s events. Your outreach to a fellow veteran just might be the lifeline that they need.”
    All of the resources that participants need can be found on VA’s National Buddy Check Week website, including information on how to join the virtual Veteran Buddy Check Summit, the Buddy Check Week Pledge, a tool to help find buddies and connect with others, and peer wellness training.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: $24.5M Goes to WA Airports For Terminal Improvements

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Washington Maria Cantwell

    10.21.24

    $24.5M Goes to WA Airports For Terminal Improvements

    Grants will help fund South Concourse rehabilitation at Sea-Tac, build new passenger boarding bridges at Spokane and Tri-Cities, & modernize baggage claim system in Yakima

    EDMONDS, WA – Today, U.S. Senator Maria Cantwell (D-WA), chair of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, announced that four State of Washington airports will receive grants from the Federal Aviation Administration’s (FAA) Airport Terminal Program (ATP) to support infrastructure upgrades and modernization projects. Sen. Cantwell secured a big funding boost for the ATP through the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law (BIL).

    “Serving over 50 million travelers a year, Seattle-Tacoma International Airport is a major gateway for travelers and businesses in the State of Washington and its South Concourse connects the Pacific Northwest to the world,” said Sen. Cantwell. “This funding will make major updates to the 1970’s era facility, enhancing the passenger experience for international travelers and investing in the structural and seismic safety of the concourse, ensuring passenger safety for the next half century.”

    Seattle-Tacoma International Airport will receive $17.5 million to fund a portion of Phase 1 construction for the South Concourse Reconstruction Project including structural, seismic, and building system upgradesThe current South Concourse building was originally built in the early 1970’s and expanded in the early 1980’s. The structure does not meet seismic, fire, and many other current code requirements. This project will upgrade the building to current safety codes. These early work projects will accomplish the significant amount of construction that can occur in advance of any impacts to airplane gates. In particular, the early work will increase passenger safety by strengthening columns and foundations throughout the building.

    “The Tri-Cities Airport is critical to Central Washington’s continued economic growth,” said Sen. Cantwell. “This funding will enable the airport to accommodate larger planes by adding three additional passenger boarding bridges. With a record 872,000 travelers in 2023, this grant will help Tri-Cities Airport keep pace with demand and future growth.”

    Tri-Cities Airport will receive $4 million towards the purchase of three additional passenger boarding bridges to be added to existing gates, as well as expanding the outbound baggage area. Tri-Cities Airport, operated by the Port of Pasco, is the fourth-largest air carrier airport in the state and the largest airport in the southeastern Washington and northeastern Oregon region. The airport has ten nonstop destinations and has increased enplanements by nearly 100,000 in the past five years. Sen. Cantwell’s letter to U.S. Department of Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg in support of the project is available HERE.

    “Spokane is on the move — last year the airport welcomed a record 4.13 million travelers,” said Sen. Cantwell. “This funding will help Spokane International Airport eliminate ground boarding at the airport and pursue the airport’s first LEED certified concourse, steps that will improve capacity, accessibility, and sustainability.”

    Spokane International Airport will receive $2 million towards the final phase of the facility’s terminal renovation and expansion (TREX) project, which includes renovating three passenger boarding bridges, and making important utilities and accessibility upgrades. When complete, the project will add six additional ticket counters and three additional gates at Concourse C. The additional capacity is much-needed — Spokane International Airport saw enplanements grow 38 percent between 2013 and 2019. Last year, the airport served 4.13 million passengers, exceeding for the first time the pre-pandemic high of 4.03 million passengers in 2019. Sen. Cantwell’s letter to Sec. Buttigieg in support of the project is available HERE.

    In May, Sen. Cantwell visited Spokane to celebrate completion of the first phase of the project. Since the TREX project was announced, Sen. Cantwell has helped to secure $61.3 million in federal funding for the airport’s expansion. Photos of that event are available HERE.

    “Yakima is a key agriculture and manufacturing hub for our economy and increasing air service is helping the area create more jobs and attract new businesses,” said Sen. Cantwell. “This grant will help Yakima Air Terminal replace and modernize its baggage claim system to improve the passenger experience and keep Central Washingtonians moving.

    Yakima Air Terminal will receive $1 million to replace the airport’s legacy slide baggage chute with a new moving baggage carousel. The Yakima Air Terminal, first constructed in 1950, provides $591 million in economic impact and 2,366 jobs to the city and the surrounding rural counties. Last year the airport added a second set of flights to Seattle, making it more attractive for passengers to travel through their local hometown airport rather than driving. Sen. Cantwell’s letter to Sec. Buttigieg in support of the project is available HERE.

    As chair of the Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, Sen. Cantwell has championed a dramatic increase in federal resources for airport infrastructure improvements like this one. In 2021, Sen. Cantwell worked hard to secure funding for air travel infrastructure nationwide as part of the BIL. With her support, the infrastructure package provided a total of $25 billion for airport improvements, including $5 billion for the Airport Terminal Program – the program from which these grants will be made, $5 billion for Federal Aviation Administration air traffic control facilities, and $15 billion in Airport Infrastructure Grants.

    These critical investments in airports across the state are particularly timely as air travel hits all-time highs. According to the Transportation Security Administration (TSA), in July the agency set a record for most passengers screened in a single day, with more than 3 million travelers screened on July 7.  In late June, TSA screened the most travelers in a single week – 19.5 million. Moreover, seven of the 10 busiest air travel days ever occurred over the past summer, according to TSA.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Senator Peters Tours Genesee County’s IGNITE Initiative to Highlight Funding He Secured to Support Initiative’s Success

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Michigan Gary Peters

    FLINT, MI – U.S. Senator Gary Peters (MI) toured the Genesee County Inmate Growth Naturally and Intentionally Through Education (IGNITE) initiative’s facilities today to highlight the need for additional funding to support the initiative’s success. Founded in 2020 by Genesee County Sheriff Christopher R. Swanson, IGNITE has shown to reduce recidivism rates by providing incarcerated individuals with valuable education and skills training opportunities needed to obtain meaningful employment after completing their sentence. In 2022, Peters secured $768,000 in federal funding that enabled the launch of IGNITE. As a member of the Appropriations Committee, Peters is now working to deliver additional resources to support the initiative’s growing success. Most recently, Peters secured $500,000 for IGNITE in the Fiscal Year 2025 Commerce, Justice, Science and Related Agencies Appropriations Act. If passed into law, this funding would be used to modernize the Genesee County Jail’s facilities to improve culinary and computing education classes offered under IGNITE.

    “Reentry initiatives like IGNITE are a proven success. By providing access to education and career training, not only do they significantly lower the chances of individuals returning to the justice system, they also support local law enforcement and help keep our communities safe,” said Senator Peters. “It was rewarding to see the transformational opportunities being provided here in Genesee County to help returning citizens embark on a fresh start on life, and I’ll keep fighting to ensure the initiative has the funding it needs to continue bolstering and expanding its services.”

    “We cannot expect someone to leave the jail and be a better person if we don’t do something different. IGNITE is changing the way we do corrections by transforming lives, and when we transform lives, we transform communities.  This couldn’t be accomplished without support from elected officials like Congressman Kildee and Senator Peters,” said Genesee County Sheriff Christopher R. Swanson.

    Peters was joined by Ilona Curry, a returning citizen and IGNITE graduate who utilized the program’s culinary training opportunities to obtain local employment. 

    Peters is also working to pass his bipartisan Reentry Employment Opportunities (REO) Act, which would protect a critical grant program that supports individuals reintegrating back into their communities after incarceration. Peters’ bill would codify the U.S. Department of Labor’s Reentry Employment Opportunities (REO) program into law, strengthening reentry initiatives that center on offering employment preparation, pre-workforce training, and vocational apprenticeship prospects by equipping individuals transitioning back into their communities after incarceration with the necessary skills to secure meaningful employment. Peters witnessed the REO program’s success firsthand earlier this year while visiting the Detroit Employment Solutions Corporation’s (DESC) Growth Opportunities Program, supported by funding from the REO program, where he heard from current participants how the program has helped them expand their career opportunities and establish economic independence.

    Peters has led numerous efforts to expand access to skills training and apprenticeship opportunities to strengthen local workforce development. Peters has secured federal funding for community colleges throughout Michigan, including Mott Community College, Grand Rapids Community College, and Macomb Community College, to strengthen their skills training programs, create state-of-the-art training facilities, and expand apprenticeship programs. In 2020, Peters’ bipartisan legislation to allow more veterans to use their GI bill benefits toward securing a registered apprenticeship was signed into law. In 2018, Peters’ legislation to expand career and technical education was also signed into law, which strengthens school counselor training and awareness of career and technical education so they can help inform students of post-high school education opportunities outside of the traditional four-year college degree.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Government News – More and more people are turning to the Ombudsman for help

    Source: Office of the Ombudsman

    The Chief Ombudsman Peter Boshier has today published his 2023/2024 Annual Report.
    “In 2023/24 I completed the highest number of complaints and protected disclosures ever,” Mr Boshier says.
    “I completed 6,269 complaints, eight percent more than the number completed last year and 58 percent more than the average number completed in each of the five years prior to the pandemic. I also completed 220 protected disclosures and enquiries, a 159 percent increase from the previous year.
    “Both complaints and protected disclosures have been at historically high levels over the last three years, which shows that this sustained high level may be becoming the new normal.”
    Mr Boshier also received 38 percent more official information complaints (2,222 complaints) related to both the Official Information Act and the Local Government Official Information and Meetings Act than the average number received in each of the five years prior to the pandemic.
    He also received 98 percent more Ombudsmen Act (OA) complaints than the average number received in each of the five years prior to the pandemic.
    The Chief Ombudsman has also made every effort to help improve good practice across government, including in his recommendations to agencies where he has considered it is needed.
    “It has been a busy period in other respects as well. Over the past year I have made comment and submissions on 35 legislative, policy, or administrative proposals, provided advice to public sector agencies on 356 occasions and visited 108 places of detention.
    “I also published Open for business, a report on my investigation into meeting and workshop practices of eight councils. My call for greater openness and accountability has resonated across the country with a number of councils considering and many changing their meeting policies.
    “Another major report was Children in care: complaints to the Ombudsman 2019-2023, which called for the government and Oranga Tamariki to make profound changes to the way the Ministry operates.
    “I also continued my community outreach and engagement work which allows me to meet people face-to-face to talk about my work and how I can help them.
    “My overall goal is that people are treated fairly. I have continued to work to ensure that the public understands its rights and options, has reasonable expectations about what the public sector should provide, and understands what it can expect from me and my office.”

    MIL OSI New Zealand News

  • MIL-OSI Australia: VIP treatment for former firefighters

    Source: Victoria Country Fire Authority

    George and Russell received a VIP tour of Cranbourne Fire Station. Image: Lifeview

    Two long-time former firefighters were treated to a tour of Cranbourne Fire Station recently. 

    Russell Manks, former Clyde Fire Brigade volunteer of 52 years, and George Single, who was a District Commander with the Metropolitan Fire Brigade (MFB) for 26 years, were given VIP treatment on Wednesday 9 October in a visit coordinated by aged care facility, Lifeview, and crews at Cranbourne.  

    The pair were shown the station by CFA and Fire Rescue Victoria firefighters, given the chance to see the modern updates in today’s firefighting and ask questions of the crews.  

    Cranbourne Fire Brigade 3rd Lieutenant and Community Safety Coordinator Zoe Russell helped to coordinate the visit, and said it was great to see the joy on Russell and George’s faces.  

    “It was really nice to see them enjoy themselves and get out and about. They were firefighters a long time ago, so it was nice that they got to see the updated version of what we do now,” Zoe said.  

    “It was nice to be able to make their day – maybe even their week or month.”  

    Dressed in their uniforms from “back in the day”, Russell and George were thrilled to spend the day reminiscing about their time in the fire service and see how firefighting differs today. 

    • The pair donned their old uniforms for the day. Image: Lifeview
    • George, Russell and the Cranbourne crews. Image: Lifeview
    • Image: Lifeview
    • Image: Lifeview
    Submitted by CFA Media

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Port of Burnie shiploader complete, doubling capacity

    Source: Australian Ministers for Regional Development

    Tasmania’s largest cargo port has doubled its loading capacity, supporting 500 jobs and boosting the state’s economy.

    The Albanese Government provided $82 million to fully fund the new Shiploader and expanded bulk minerals export facility at the Port of Burnie, which opens today.

    This is a significant investment in North-West Tasmania, strengthening supply chains, reducing operating costs and increasing freight productivity.

    Thproject has installed a new Shiploader along with a new wharf gallery conveyor that connects the existing Bulk Minerals Export Facilitiy (BMEF) to rail and road networks for the transfer of products for export.  

    These upgrades enable the handling of increasing freight volumes, securing the state’s export supply chain for the future. 

    The old Shiploader at the Port of Burnie was built in 1969 and had been operating for well over 50 years, making a new structure vital. 

    The upgraded shiploader is now operational and has loaded over 40,000 tonnes of freight. 

    Expansion of the BMEF will be the final component of works to complete the upgrades, planning for which is well underway.

    The project is creating over 140 direct and indirect jobs during construction and will support an estimated 425 ongoing jobs in related industries.

    The Australian Government’s $82 million investment includes an extra $16 million from the 2024-25 Budget. 

    While this is fully funded by the Australian Government, it is the culmination of many years of hard work and strong collaboration with TasRail. 

    It is one of a number of projects that the Australian Government and TasRail have worked effectively on in recent times.

    Quotes attributable to Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government Minister Catherine King:

    “Replacing aging infrastructure at the Port of Burnie will dramatically boost ship loading rates, creating jobs across Tasmania.

    “The vital upgrades will make port operations more reliable and cost effective, securing the State’s minerals export supply chain.

    “Investments like these deliver on our commitment to building strong and sustainable regions through support for local industries.”

    Quotes attributable to Senator for Tasmania Anne Urquhart:

    “Today’s official opening of the Shiploader is testament to the importance of collaboration, with this opening marking the culmination of many years of hard work and strong collaboration between TasRail and the Australian Government.”

    “This project will see Tasmania’s largest cargo port doubling its loading capacity in a major boost for the State’s economy, thanks to the Australian Government that fully funded the $82 million project.”

    Quotes attributable to TasRail CEO Steven Dietrich:

    “TasRail is proud to have facilitated this project for the Tasmanian mining industry. Our facility at the Port of Burnie has been the primary export gateway for many of the West Coast mines for more than 50 years.

    “In the last financial year, TasRail shiploaded 575,047 thousand tonnes of concentrate for export. 

    “Our new shiploader provides certainty to TasRail’s existing customers and will help to attract investment into new mining projects in Tasmania. 

    “We thank the Australian Government for its on-going support for rail infrastructure in Tasmania and all of the contractors and stakeholders who have helped to ensure the project’s success.”

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Shaheen, Pappas, Acting Secretary of Labor Su Visit Child Care Facility, Host Roundtable on Child Care and Workforce Challenges

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for New Hampshire Jeanne Shaheen

    (Brentwood, NH) – Today, U.S. Senator Jeanne Shaheen (D-NH), Chair of the U.S. Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship, and U.S. Representative Chris Pappas (NH-01), alongside Acting Secretary of Labor Julie Su, visited A Place to Grow and hosted a roundtable discussion at the facility to discuss the first U.S. Department of Labor approved apprenticeship program for early childhood education operations managers and a new report emphasizing the importance of care workers. In March of this year, Shaheen sent a letter to Acting Secretary Su advocating for the establishment of A Place to Grow’s Registered Apprenticeship program for early childhood education (ECE) administrators. Photos from the event can be found here. 

    “I’ve met with child care providers across New Hampshire and all of them have underscored the challenges they face with workforce recruitment and retention,” said Senator Shaheen. “Without affordable child care options, families, the workforce and the overall economic development of our communities suffer. That’s why I was so pleased to join Acting Secretary Su in visiting A Place to Grow where their innovative, new Registered Apprenticeship program for early childhood education administrators provides the training and pathways needed to get workers into the child care industry and keep them there.” 

    “The cost of child care remains among the most pressing issues that families are facing. That’s why providing every federal resource available to families and child care providers in New Hampshire is critical,” said Congressman Chris Pappas. “I’ll keep fighting to cap the amount of money that families pay for child care, strengthen our child care and education workforce, and expand the Child Tax Credit, a middle-class tax cut that helps families keep more of their hard-earned money in their pockets. I was grateful to join Acting Secretary Su, Senator Shaheen, and A Place To Grow owner Jennifer Legere today to hear from folks on the ground doing this work.” 

    “Paid care work is critical economic infrastructure in this country, because safe and dependable care allows working parents and other caregivers to get and keep their jobs while also ensuring safe, quality working conditions for workers who take care of our loved ones,” said Acting Labor Secretary Julie Su. “The Biden-Harris administration is making once-in-a-generation investments creating good jobs and know that without the care economy and all of the talented care workers we have in this country, our economy suffers. I am glad to be in New Hampshire today to highlight this forward-looking program.” 

    Joining Shaheen and Su for the discussion were leaders and New Hampshire residents including: Nicole Heller, Senior Policy Analyst at the New Hampshire Fiscal Policy Institute, MacKenzie Nicholson, Senior Director of New Hampshire MomsRising, Jen Legere, Owner and Founder of A Place to Grow and Kayte Kostinden, Director and Early Childhood Operations Apprentice at A Place to Grow Brentwood.  

    Senator Shaheen has been a leader in advocating for more affordable and accessible child care, including by delivering more than $77 million to New Hampshire through the American Rescue Plan and other COVID relief laws to the Granite State. Since then, Shaheen has urged state and local officials to distribute those federal funds, especially in communities that lack access to child care. In August, Shaheen visited Colebrook Community Child Care Center to discuss challenges and solutions to the child care crisis in rural communities.  

    Earlier this year, Shaheen introduced the Right Start Child Care and Education Act, which would make child care more affordable and accessible for working families by reforming the federal tax code. She also introduced the bipartisan Expanding Child Care for Military Families Act, portions of which have been included in the National Defense Authorization Act for 2025, which has been passed by the Senate Armed Services Committee. Additionally, she helped introduce the Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit Enhancement Act to permanently expand the Child and Dependent Care Tax Credit, which helps households offset their child care costs.

    In April, Shaheen convened a hearing as Chair of the U.S. Senate Small Business and Entrepreneurship Committee to hear testimony from expert witnesses on the child care industry’s broken business model and what Congress can do to support small business child care providers, employees and families. A recent U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) Office of Advocacy issue brief, in response to data challenges raised at the hearing, details the role of small businesses in the child care industry and fills data gaps in child care industry research.

    Earlier this Congress, Shaheen helped introduce the Child Care Stabilization Act, which would provide additional federal child care stabilization funding—which was provided in the American Rescue Plan—and ensure that child care providers can keep their doors open and continue serving children and families in every part of the country. Shaheen joined Senator Patty Murray (D-WA) to introduce the Child Care for Working Families Act, which would provide affordable child care for all working families, expand access to preschool programs and increase wages for early childhood workers. She also joined U.S. Senators Amy Klobuchar (D-MN) and Dan Sullivan (R-AK) in reintroducing the bipartisan Childcare Workforce and Facilities Act to address the national shortage of affordable, quality child care, especially in rural communities. In the government funding bill for fiscal year (FY) 2024, Senator Shaheen worked to include a $1 billion increase for early education, including a $725 million increase to $8.75 billion for Child Care and Development Block Grants to states and a $275 million increase to Head Start, funding the program at more than $12 billion for FY 2024. The law additionally includes $315 million for Preschool Development Grants.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: E tū members ready to ‘Fight Back Together’ – E tū

    Source: Etu Union

    E tū members will join the wider union movement and our community allies at the ‘Fight Back Together – Maranga Ake’ hui happening nationwide tomorrow, Wednesday 23 October 2024.

    E tū is the biggest private sector union in Aotearoa New Zealand, covering a huge variety of workers including in aviation, communications, community support services, manufacturing, food, engineering, infrastructure, extractions, property services, and in many other industries.

    E tū National Secretary, Rachel Mackintosh, says E tū members will be out in force.

    “The hui are one part of the union movement’s mobilisation in the face of attacks from a shockingly anti-worker coalition Government,” Rachel says.

    “The Government has already cancelled Fair Pay Agreements, re-introduced 90-day ‘fire at will’ trials for all workplaces, and increased the minimum wage below the inflation rate – effectively giving Aotearoa’s lowest paid workers a pay cut during a cost-of-living crisis.

    “They aren’t stopping there. The Government has plans to remove the rights of workers to challenge their status as contractors, robbing them of an important legal protection. We’re deeply concerned about their proposals to meddle with health and safety legislation. They have deprioritised pay equity. We’re calling on the Government to reverse their dangerous agenda in workplace relations.”

    Rachel says E tū members are troubled by the Government’s actions and plans beyond workplace relations as well.

    “Luxon’s Government is overseeing a deliberate weakening of our public services, particularly in healthcare. They are stoking upsetting divisions in our society with their attacks on te Tiriti and te ao Māori. They have mucked up our social housing programme and cancelled modern transport solutions. It’s a Government of profits for rich mates ahead of people and the environment. Workers are angry, and they have every reason to be.

    “We have a vision for something better for working people in Aotearoa. This can be a place where we have decent work, good social and physical infrastructure to support communities, justice under Te Tiriti, an end to inequality and hope for the future.”

    Rachel says tomorrow will be a landmark event for E tū and the wider union movement’s activities to demand better for all, not just for a few.

    “This isn’t the start, nor the end, of our campaign to protect workers and our communities from the harms of bad political leadership. However the hui will be a significant milestone, and I am proud that E tū members’ voices will join the chorus tomorrow and beyond.”

    MIL OSI New Zealand News

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: SH2 recovery work at White Pine Bush

    Source: New Zealand Transport Agency

    Work has begun on one of the last recovery projects in the White Pine Bush area on State Highway 2 between Napier and Wairoa.

    Transport Rebuild East Coast (TREC) alliance crews, on behalf of NZ Transport Agency Waka Kotahi, have been working to restore access through the area after Cyclone Gabrielle caused extensive damage to the road and numerous sites alongside it.

    Tangoio Falls Reserve Underslip – Active

    Crews have started work just south of White Pine Bush above Tangoio Falls Reserve.

    There, Cyclone Gabrielle damaged two retaining walls on the steep slope: a small timber crib wall and a mortared rock wall. During the next few weeks, crews will be stabilising sections of the retaining walls with ground anchors and shotcrete.

    Much of this work will be done by workers abseiling, using the guardrails to abseil down to the site beneath the road. This site will be down to a single lane under a short stop/go until the work is finished, with the aim to have it back to two lanes for this Christmas.

    White Pine Bush Underslip – Active

    Crews have been working at a large retaining wall job since March this year. This new wall consists of 220 ground anchors and will be sprayed with concrete once testing is completed. This is expected to be finished before Christmas this year.

    Watch this video for more information about this site:

    White Pine Bush North – Complete

    Two-lane access was recently restored at another site, just north of the White Pine Bush carpark entrance.

    There, Cyclone Gabrielle floodwaters had scoured away the ground under the road shoulder, undermining the outside lane. The repair was a retaining wall and rock rip rap to stabilise the ground.

    With the site down to one lane while the repair was underway, TREC took the opportunity to work at nights to speed up delivery.

    The local contractors all had the capacity and people to work both day and night shifts. From start to finish, the wall was built in a month, halving the expected timeframe.

    TREC Hawke’s Bay Project Manager Chris Mahoney says work through the White Pine Bush section means this stretch of road is still down to one-lane.

    “We know it’s frustrating seeing those traffic lights, and having to wait. We know it’s been a frustrating time on this stretch of road since the cyclone and we want to reassure people we are working to restore two-lane access as quickly as possible through this area of State Highway 2.

    “It’s a priority to ensure disruption is minimised for vital sectors like farming, horticulture and tourism, to connect with local and export markets.

    “We are grateful to communities for their support, crews for their hard work and road users for their understanding. We know it hasn’t been easy with so many worksites in operation and we do want to reiterate our thanks to people for their patience,” says Mr Mahoney.

    Attached is a map of the worksites at White Pine Bush, Tangoio Falls Reserve Underslip infographic and a before and after of the repair at White Pine Bush North.

    View larger map [PDF, 1.5 MB]

    MIL OSI New Zealand News

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Development – Ōtaki Māori Racecourse housing development granted consent – EPA

    Source: Environmental Protection Authority

    An independent panel has approved resource consent, subject to conditions, for the Ōtaki Māori Racecourse housing development.
    Ōtaki Revisited Limited applied for resource consent under the COVID-19 Recovery (Fast-track Consenting) Act 2020.
    The project includes subdividing approximately 59.8 hectares of land to construct a housing development at 143 Rahui Road and 49 Te Roto Road in Ōtaki.
    The resource consent conditions are in the decision report on the page linked below.
    The decision comes 155 working days after the application was lodged with the Environmental Protection Authority.
    The Environmental Protection Authority is not involved in the decision-making. We provide procedural advice and administrative support to the panel convenor, Judge Laurie Newhook, and the expert consenting panel he appoints.

    MIL OSI New Zealand News

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Greenpeace – Luxon strips local governments’ power to protect fresh water

    Source: Greenpeace

    Greenpeace says the Government’s move to remove local government power to protect fresh water is an underhanded overreach that undermines democracy and puts vital fresh water at risk.
    The Government has signalled that it will introduce an amendment to the Resource Management (Freshwater and Other Matters) Amendment Bill to prevent local councils from notifying their freshwater plans until the Government replaces the National Policy Statement on Freshwater Management.
    Greenpeace spokesperson Sinead Deighton-O’Flynn says, “The anti-nature Luxon Government is stripping control from local and district councils who want to protect lakes, rivers, and drinking water for generations to come.
    “Christopher Luxon’s government has declared war on nature, but that should not stop responsible local governments from putting in place their own protections to safeguard their constituents’ access to safe, healthy drinking water.
    “Rural communities are suffering the consequences of nitrate-contaminated drinking water, lakes and rivers across Aotearoa are unswimmable, and the state of freshwater is getting worse. We need more protection of fresh water, not less,” says Deighton-O’Flynn.
    “We know that everyone, no matter where they live or who they voted for, wants and deserves access to safe, healthy drinking water, but right now, central government is stripping away the rules that ensure drinking water quality through this bill – and now they’ve gone one step further.
    “It’s clear that this amendment is a reaction to regional and district councils pushing for more effective freshwater policies rather than bowing down to Luxon’s push to strip back water protections.”
    The Otago Regional Council has been in the news recently over criticism from Luxon’s government due to plans to continue with notifying their freshwater plan, with farming industry lobby group Federated Farmers calling on the Government to stop this from happening.
    “Luxon must keep his hands off the freshwater protections and allow local councils to set strong and ambitious freshwater protections that safeguard lakes, rivers, and drinking water,” says Deighton-O’Flynn.
    A Greenpeace petition calling on Luxon to keep his hands off freshwater protections has been signed by more than twenty thousand people. The Resource Management (Freshwater and Other Matters) Amendment Bill passed its second reading in Parliament last week, and is set to go through the Committee of the Whole House later today.

    MIL OSI New Zealand News

  • MIL-OSI Australia: First stage of works completed at Darling Downs Health Museum

    Source: Australian Ministers 1

    The $4.18 million project to transform the heritage listed Medical Superintendent’s House at Baillie Henderson Hospital into a museum has been completed, and now features medical and healthcare artefacts that tell the rich history of the Darling Downs Health Service.

    The Australian Government committed nearly $1.17 million to the project, with the Toowoomba Hospital Foundation contributing nearly $1.17 million, and the Health Sustaining Capital Program providing almost $1.85 million.

    The Museum of Health project is vital to preserving history of the Darling Downs region, and when fully complete, is estimated to attract 8,000 people annually and will serve as a hub for healthcare history, education, and community engagement.

    The museum’s collection is also arranged to tell the history of mental health developments at Baillie Henderson Hospital and aims to de-stigmatise the public’s understanding of those who suffer from a mental illness.

    Construction works included repairing damage to the heritage listed structure as well as building a new courtyard, amphitheatre and car park.

    Later stages of work will include the construction of a café, gift shop and open plan office space for the Toowoomba Hospital Foundation.

    Quotes attributable to Federal Assistant Minister for Regional Development and Senator for Queensland, Anthony Chisholm:

    “Informing the hundreds of museum visitors each year of the selfless service these frontline healthcare workers undertook will be a fitting tribute to their generous character, and the care they gave to this region’s most vulnerable. 

    “The Museum of Health will offer locals and tourists a great opportunity to discover and learn more about the intricate medical history of the Baillie Henderson Hospital and Darling Downs region, while also providing a place to preserve its historical healthcare artefacts.

    “This is yet another demonstration of the Albanese Government’s ongoing commitment to investing in local priority infrastructure and community projects that enhance regional centres like Toowoomba.”

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Remarks as Prepared for Delivery by Dr. Liz Sherwood-Randall for the Eradicate Hate Global Summit | Pittsburgh,  PA

    US Senate News:

    Source: The White House
    Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
    Thank you to each of the speakers, including the survivors, who preceded me. You are each both humbling and inspiring, and I am deeply grateful to have listened to what you have shared with us.
    It is an honor to be here with you at the fourth convening of the Eradicate Hate Global Summit.
    Thank you, Brette for your generous words — and thank you for taking on this vital leadership role. 
    The Summit has convened thousands of experts and developed multiple innovative approaches – including the “Up End Hate” campaign that empowers young people to prevent violence.  And that is just the most recent example of the impact this solutions-oriented Summit has delivered.    
    Sunday, October 27th, will mark the sixth anniversary of the horrific day when a white supremacist who hated Jews and immigrants went to the Tree of Life synagogue here in Pittsburgh and attacked the innocent human beings who were worshipping during morning Shabbat services.
    He murdered eleven people that day, robbing the world of their futures. 
    For each of them, their loved ones still grieve, and in solidarity we each can say:  May their memories be a blessing.
    The phrase is a resonant and powerful one. It invites us all not just to remember those we have lost, but to honor them by continuing to pursue justice and heal our broken world in their names.
    Looking at this week’s agenda and each of you in this room, remembering them is indeed proving to be a blessing, by motivating this hard work to translate ideas into action.
    In the aftermath of that terrible and tragic day, this community and this city have shown that an act of terror should and can unite us rather than divide us. In the Summit, you have shown the world how you have taken the emotions and prayers that arose and the actions you are undertaking and channeled them into meaningful deeds.
    It is in that spirit of moving from hope to action that I come to you today.
    I will speak to you about three topics: the threat we face now, the responses we are pursuing to address that threat, and the actions we are taking to reduce that threat in the future.
    First, we unfortunately have to acknowledge that current forms of domestic terrorism and hate have fueled a dynamic threat landscape that is even more daunting following the savage Hamas attack on Israel one year ago and its ongoing aftermath.
    These threats present a new set of challenges that we must do everything we can to prevent, to disrupt, and to prepare for if they cannot be stopped.  
    Indeed, the Biden-Harris Administration’s response to hate and domestic terrorism is outlined in a series of innovative strategies and implementation plans that harness the full force of the Federal government of the United States. 
    But critically, they depend on intensive, enduring cooperation with civic, religious, private sector and international partners like you to generate a comprehensive response.
    And although it may not feel that way every day, this model is delivering results. I am the first to admit that the challenges are immense, and even growing.  But I also fervently believe that combining our full strengths, we can come together to make a difference. 
    The Normalization of Hate and Violence
    Let me begin with the threat landscape: As the White House Homeland Security Advisor over the past four years, I have seen firsthand that a fundamental threat to our democracy is the normalization of hate-fueled violence.
    Domestic terrorist movements, including racially and ethnically motivated violent extremists, continue to advocate for widespread violence on the premise that it would lead to outcomes they seek, including chaos and societal collapse among other dystopian ends.
    These dark minds celebrate attacks in El Paso, Buffalo, Poway, Colorado Springs, Charleston, and yes, just east of here, in Squirrel Hill — as well as numerous attacks abroad that they ascribe to their twisted worldview.
    The proliferation of these ideologies online reflects this trend, and its purveyors are reaching a growing number of people, including teenagers and even younger children.
    And as this threat has evolved both in the United States and especially online, we have seen its “domestic” dimensions become increasingly global.
    Let me give you one example of what I mean.  On September 9th of this year, the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Department of Justice arrested and charged two leaders of the Terrorgram Collective in the United States.
    These two individuals created a global community of white supremacists to communicate online with like-minded people, disseminate violent propaganda, and encourage physical attacks on minority communities and government officials.
    The amplification of hate online has corresponded with a growth in antisemitism and other forms of hate, particularly in the wake of the October 7th Hamas attacks. 
    By just one measure, between October 7th, 2023, and January 30th of this year, the FBI opened over three times more anti-Jewish hate crimes investigations than in the four months prior to the October 7th attacks. I will return to the meaningful outcomes from these investigations in a moment. 
    And October 7th has had ramifications beyond the rise in hate. We have observed terrorist groups from across the ideological spectrum seeking to exploit the attack for their own goals. Images and messaging emerging from the conflict are expanding the pool of individuals susceptible to mobilization to violent acts, and causing terrorist groups that previously disdained each other to form common cause.
    And these effects are likely to persist long after hostilities cease— and will interact with future flashpoints and activating events, which could drive terrorist attacks against the United States and Israel, as well as against Jewish, Muslim, Arab, and other communities.  
    And it is not just terrorist organizations that are of high concern. The behavior of lone actors can have significant ramifications, even when they do not commit mass violence.
    For example, in February 2024, a joint investigation between the FBI and Florida authorities led to the arrest of a 17-year-old for swatting—which is the practice of making false reports to 9-1-1 to induce a law enforcement response at a residence or workplace.
    Over a two-year span, this particular young person targeted a Florida mosque and hundreds of high schools, historically black colleges and universities, and even the homes of FBI agents.
    Swatting distracts and drains valuable law enforcement resources, exposes police to a potentially life-threatening response, and traumatizes citizens, including students and worshippers, who experience these events.
    And as if this wasn’t bad enough, it emerged that the young suspect was selling swatting as a service on Telegram— which is another way in which that platform is being exploited for dangerous purposes.
    Now, some look at today’s threat landscape and assume the worst, and conclude that there is little if anything that can be done to stop the growth of these threats. 
    But I am here today to tell you that, like all of you, we do not see it that way.    
    The Biden-Harris Administration’s Strategic Approach
    Clearly what I have described is not how we wish our world had evolved. But we have come together here to affirm that we are not powerless in the face of hate and violence.
    From day one, President Biden and Vice President Harris have pursued a rigorously calibrated, integrated approach to countering hate and domestic terrorism that is aligned with our values and complements our broader national security interests.
    This is built on their core belief that domestic terrorism and hate strike at the very foundation of our democracy.
    Indeed, President Biden decided to run for the White House back in 2017 after men with tiki torches emerged from the shadows in Charlottesville spewing the same Antisemitic bile we heard in Germany in the 1930s. 
    That’s why, on his first day in office, President Biden directed me to lead a 100-day comprehensive review of U.S. Government efforts to address domestic terrorism.  This resulted in the development and release of the first-ever National Strategy for Countering Domestic Terrorism in June of 2021.
    We went to work immediately on implementing that strategy.  And to complement it, recognizing how critical our partners beyond the Federal government would be to our success, in September of 2022, President Biden hosted the United We Stand Summit to mobilize communities to work with us in advancing an inclusive and bipartisan vision for a more united America and to push back against the growing normalization of hate in our society.
    In December of that year, Susan Rice – then the President’s Domestic Policy Advisor – and I launched an initiative to specifically tackle Antisemitism, Islamophobia and related forms of bias and discrimination.
    This led to our releasing, in May 2023, the first-ever U.S. National Strategy to Counter Antisemitism. And we have been working to develop a complementary strategy to address Islamophobia. 
    Importantly, our approach not only tackles the threats of today but prepares for emerging and future threats. 
    So I want to focus here on three key elements of the strategy: first, our efforts to hold accountable those who engage in hate-fueled violence and hate crimes; second, our efforts to protect vulnerable communities; and third, our efforts to prevent such acts from occurring in the first place.
    Accountability Measures
    Our Administration has prioritized the use of our legal authorities and tools to expand investigations and prosecutions. 
    As a result, from 2020 to 2022, the number of FBI domestic violent extremism and domestic terrorism investigations more than doubled to over 2,700. 
    In 2022, the Department of Justice also created a specific domestic terrorism unit within its National Security Division to handle these investigations and prosecutions.
    And a similar dynamic is occurring in our efforts to address hate crimes. The FBI has published and widely disseminated information about what constitutes a hate crime and how to report them, and reinforced this by conducting over 70 meetings with faith-based organizations since October 7th.
    These efforts, combined with the FBI’s tireless work to investigate every lead they receive, have delivered results.  Let me describe a few.  
    In November of 2023, a Tampa, Florida, resident was arrested by the FBI for allegedly leaving threatening voicemails at two Jewish organizations in New York.
    In January 2024, a Massachusetts man was arrested for threatening to kill members of the Jewish community and bomb places of worship.
    And just last month, the Department of Justice announced criminal charges against a Pakistani national arrested in Canada who was planning to travel to New York City to attack a Jewish Community Center on the anniversary of October 7th.
    Protection Measures
    We have also driven efforts to enhance the safety and security of Jewish and other communities targeted for hate and violence. For example, President Biden worked with Congress to secure an additional $400 million for the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS’s) Nonprofit Security Grant Program in February of this year.
    This grant program funds security improvements and training for nonprofits and houses of worship, including campus organizations and community centers.
    For example, the same program paid to install cameras and boost other security measures in Congregation Beth Israel in Colleyville, Texas—actions that the congregation’s Rabbi credited with avoiding loss of life when a terrorist took hostages in the synagogue in January 2022. 
    We have also worked in partnership with a wide range of state and local leaders and non-governmental partners to help communities and institutions protect themselves against and prevent hate.
    As just one example, this past summer we provided 5,000 campus leaders all across the country with a detailed list of the federal resources available to help them establish safer and more secure learning environments for their students, faculty, and staff.  
    We sent Federal experts to campuses, hosted a variety of convenings to discuss challenges and identify solutions, and released updated toolkits to enhance their preparations for the new academic year that began in August.
    This effort is ongoing, and the fear and anxiety of those who feel threatened on campuses persists. But it is clear that the resources and toolkits we have shared align with the changes that many campuses have successfully implemented this Fall.  
    Prevention
    And this brings me to the third element of our response—the actions we are taking now to prevent hate-fueled violence and domestic terrorism in the future, before they occur. 
    We know that a complex process brings an individual to pursue targeted violence or terrorism. But we also know that there are behaviors and other signs that people see that are clues that an individual might be trending toward or contemplating an act of targeted violence or terrorism.   
    We have elevated the prevention of targeted violence and terrorism as a strategic priority for countering terrorism, antisemitism, and related forms of hate. 
    Our goal has been to build a prevention architecture that supports nation-wide state and local efforts to intervene and “offramp” individuals who appear to be moving toward committing acts of targeted violence and terrorism.
    At the Federal level, we have surged support to state and local behavioral Threat Assessment and Management, or “TAM” teams as we refer to them.
    For example, the FBI’s Behavioral Analysis Unit has embedded specifically trained agents who are called “threat management coordinators” in their field offices and is working to ensure that each of their field offices are participating in the local Threat Assessment and Management teams. Some of these coordinators are here with us today.   
    Likewise, the U.S. Secret Service’s National Threat Assessment Center recently released a six-step guide for state and local law enforcement about how they can most efficiently establish a TAM team that can assess and intervene with individuals identified as posing a risk of violence.
    And there is the DHS Center for Prevention Programs and Partnerships, which I know is well represented here in the room.  Among their many accomplishments, I want to highlight their work creating and curating the online Prevention Resource Finder, which you can Google at that name—literally a one-stop shop that lists all Federal resources available to help state and local governments prevent acts of targeted violence and terrorism. We recently expanded the website, and it now offers nearly 150 resources.
    It’s important to say again here that the Federal government cannot effectively tackle this metastatic challenge alone.
    Indeed, all of the evidence shows that prevention is most effective when led by our state and local partners, who are on the ground, embedded in our communities. This is especially true for TAM teams, which often operate at the county or municipal level.
    The good news is that we know state and local partners can do this quickly and successfully in partnership with Federal expertise and assistance. Let me give you an example.
    In the days and weeks following the appalling May 14th, 2022, domestic terrorist attack at the Tops Supermarket in Buffalo, the state of New York quickly reached out to the Federal Department of Homeland Security and other Federal agencies to explore how to expand existing partnerships and build a statewide prevention effort.
    To be clear, this was led by and implemented by the State of New York, but the Federal government offered substantial assistance to the State of New York.
    And by 2023, New York had launched a statewide targeted violence prevention strategy that included placing at least one TAM team in every county.
    Just two years after the Buffalo attack, New York had established TAM teams in forty-three counties and the City of New York.
    In May, New York noted that their TAM teams were collectively intervening in more than one thousand two hundred cases.
    And, more important, these TAM teams are saving lives, taking action with respect to certain individuals who were clearly planning acts of targeted violence.  
    This is critical, painstaking, lifesaving work, and I am encouraged to see that many more states are responding to our calls to move in this direction.
    This is progress, and if we persist, these efforts will reduce violence in our Homeland.  
    Closing
    In closing, I want to thank each of you for the work you do every day to prevent, to prepare, and to respond to this phenomenon that is tragically impacting so many of our communities and leaving families and neighborhoods devastated. 
    Your partnership with us is vital to stopping the normalization of hate-fueled violence that threatens our democracy. 
    Again, I want commend the work of this Summit. You are the embodiment of what I have spoken about today.  And there is a real feeling of solidarity in a group like this, and we can and must draw strength from one another.
    For a moment, I will take you back to another very dark time in our Nation’s history — the days and weeks after 9/11. Then I had very young children — and to focus them on the positive in a time of terror I would say to them, “look at all the helpers — there are so many people who are helping other people.”
    You are the helpers today, the doers, the healers in these times, and your work to scale up prevention efforts – and to mobilize the youth of our country to be a part of the solution to hate – are two of the numerous examples of how the agenda for the coming three days will build a stronger and safer America for all of us, and set an example for the world. 
    I salute you for all your commitment, your dedication, and everything you are doing — 
    And I will end where I began. While the threats are real and pernicious, we take inspiration from each other and from those we have lost.  
    May each of their memories be a blessing – and may our work together light the way to a brighter and more secure future.     

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: News 10/21/2024 Rebuttal to Big Tech’s Lies about KOSA

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator Marsha Blackburn (R-Tenn)

    To: Interested Parties

    Date:   October 21, 2024

    Re: Rebuttal to Big Tech’s Lies About the Kids Online Safety Act

    KOSA Does Not Censor Speech Nor Impact the 1st Amendment

    • KOSA would not censor, limit, or remove any content from the internet and it does not give the FTC or state AGs the power to bring lawsuits over content or speech, no matter who it is from. This bill passes First Amendment scrutiny because it is content neutral.
    • Online platforms cannot be held liable for hosting or promoting conservative voices or pro-life views as a result of this bill. The legislation does not include any enforcement powers or obligations related to content or speech.
    • To be clear on Congress’s intent to protect speech, the bill includes an explicit statement that it does not expand or limit Section 230, which provides online platforms broad legal immunities for third-party content. Furthermore, the bill provides legal safeguards to protect users’ ability to view and search for the content that they choose to see.

    KOSA Does Not Increase The Authority of the Federal Government or FTC

    • It is important to note that there is no new rulemaking power for the FTC in KOSA nor any ability to create rules about content. KOSA gives the FTC clear direction from Congress about how to apply its existing enforcement authorities to protect kids online.
    • Claims that KOSA allows the FTC to decide what kids see online are blatant falsehoods circulated by tech companies trying to stop the bill from becoming law.

    What Does KOSA’s Duty of Care Actually Do?

    • The bill gives the FTC the ability to hold social media platforms accountable for their product designs – their own predatory business practices and deadly apps. This is the same responsibility and accountability that exists for almost every other industry in America
    • The duty of care simply states that online platforms cannot put products on the market that will cause specific harms to kids, such as suicide and sexual predation. Those harms are specified and defined by Congress, not the FTC.
    • Big Tech will be required to ensure their platforms are safe for kids by default, and not put the burden exclusively on parents. This will also ensure that the protections for kids keep up with changes in technology.

    KOSA Will Not Require Anyone To Upload ID

    • KOSA does not impose age verification requirements or require platforms to collect more data about users (government IDs or otherwise). In fact, the bill explicitly states that it does not require age gating, age verification, or the collection of additional data.

    KOSA Protects Churches, Blogs, and News Outlets 

    • KOSA covers commercial, online platforms such as social media, social networks, online video games, social messaging applications, and video streaming services, such as Instagram, TikTok, Snapchat, and Roblox.
    • Non-profit organizations, blogs, personal websites, news outlets, churches, broadband companies, etc. are not covered by KOSA. It would not impact the ability of kids to watch online sports, news, or a church sermon.

    KOSA Gives Parents A Seat At The Table

    • For decades, Big Tech lobbyists and their front groups have dominated the conversation, denying the suffering of American families. The Kids Online Safety Council is a place where parents have a seat across the table from big tech and they can raise the issues they are seeing with their kids. The Council has no rulemaking or enforcement power

    KOSA Uses The Same Methods Our Military Utilizes to Define “Mental Health Disorder”

    • For decades, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual, Mental Disorders (DSM) has been used by Congress and states, as well as our military, the VA, and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.

    How Can Companies Know Who Is Under 17?

    • Online platforms have been required to provide legal protections to kids for more than two decades under the Children’s Online Privacy Protection Act (COPPA). Just as COPPA has not required age-gating or substantial burdens on business or privacy, neither will KOSA.
    • If an online platform truly doesn’t know the age of the user, then it does not face any obligation under the bill. It is not required online platforms collect more data to determine the user’s age.

     Click here to download the full memo. 

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: ICYMI: Rubio Calls Leaks of Israel’s Plan “Treason”

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Florida Marco Rubio

    ICYMI: Rubio Calls Leaks of Israel’s Plan “Treason”

    Oct 21, 2024 | Press Releases

    U.S. Senator Marco Rubio (R-FL) joined The Story with Martha MacCallum to discuss the leak of U.S. intelligence on Israel’s retaliation plans against Iran. See below for highlights, and watch the full interview on YouTube and Rumble.

    On the leak of U.S. intelligence on Israel’s retaliation plans against Iran: 

    “It’s a federal crime to leak that information. It’s also an act of treason. It’s aiding an enemy of the United States, a government in Iran that basically says, ‘Death to America, death to Israel’ every week. It’s their slogan…. 

    “Strategic leaks that have been designed to undermine American foreign policy and, in many cases, to help avowed enemies of the United States, that needs to stop, that needs to end. We need to know who did this, and they need to be punished.”

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Rubio, Bilirakis, Colleagues Request Guidance on Debris Clean Up

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Florida Marco Rubio

    Rubio, Bilirakis, Colleagues Request Guidance on Debris Clean Up

    Oct 21, 2024 | Press Releases

    Florida communities are trying to recover from the devastating impact of Hurricanes Helene and Milton. Given the unique nature of the back-to-back emergencies and the sheer volume of damage, it is vital to recovery that these communities have clear guidance on the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA’s) debris clean up policy. 

    U.S. Senator Marco Rubio (R-FL), U.S. Representative Gus Bilirakis (R-FL), and members of the Florida delegation sent a letter to President Joe Biden requesting written guidance on debris clean up efforts.

    • “Many of these local governments need FEMA to implement precedented emergency policy flexibilities to facilitate a seamless federal response…. [W]e ask that you issue additional guidance for these hurricanes that will further help facilitate recovery efforts.”

    Click here for a full list of signers.  

    The full text of the letter is below. 

    Dear Mr. President:

    In the wake of Hurricanes Helene and Milton, several of Florida’s local governments are experiencing significant hardship as they seek to respond to the diverse needs of their constituents who are struggling to recover. Many of these local governments need FEMA to implement precedented emergency policy flexibilities to facilitate a seamless federal response.

    After major Disasters, FEMA may waive program requirements with respect to prior approval for debris removal demolition and waste disposal. It is our understanding that FEMA has previously issued disaster specific guidance to inform local communities on how they can remain in compliance with regulations and remain eligible for reimbursement while fully utilizing the program waivers that have been implemented.

    We acknowledge and appreciate FEMA’s letter dated October 13, 2024, which provided necessary flexibility and waivers from needing to identify which specific damage was caused by Hurricane Helene and which was caused by Hurricane Milton. In light of that letter, we ask that you issue additional guidance for these hurricanes that will further help facilitate recovery efforts. This specifically includes:

    1. Formalizing prior verbal confirmation with clear written guidance that FEMA will fully reimburse debris clean-up activities that took place between the two hurricanes in order to prevent loss of life and further destruction of property.
    2. Granting additional flexibility with respect to Post-Milton debris clean-up that will enable expedited clean-up efforts.

    Thank you for your attention to these important matters. We look forward to working with you on behalf of Floridians.

    Sincerely,

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Rubio, Bilirakis, Colleagues Request Guidance on Debris Removal

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Florida Marco Rubio

    Rubio, Bilirakis, Colleagues Request Guidance on Debris Removal

    Oct 21, 2024 | Press Releases

    Given the extraordinary nature of consecutive hurricanes and the sheer volume of damage in Florida communities, clear guidance on the Federal Emergency Management Agency’s (FEMA’s) debris removal policy is vital for the recovery of these communities. 

    U.S. Senator Marco Rubio (R-FL), U.S. Representative Gus Bilirakis (R-FL), and members of the Florida delegation sent a letter to President Joe Biden requesting written guidance on debris removal efforts.

    • “Many of these local governments need FEMA to implement precedented emergency policy flexibilities to facilitate a seamless federal response….[W]e ask that you issue additional guidance for these hurricanes that will further help facilitate recovery efforts.”

    Click here for a full list of signers.  

    The full text of the letter is below. 

    Dear Mr. President:

    In the wake of Hurricanes Helene and Milton, several of Florida’s local governments are experiencing significant hardship as they seek to respond to the diverse needs of their constituents who are struggling to recover. Many of these local governments need FEMA to implement precedented emergency policy flexibilities to facilitate a seamless federal response.

    After major Disasters, FEMA may waive program requirements with respect to prior approval for debris removal demolition and waste disposal. It is our understanding that FEMA has previously issued disaster specific guidance to inform local communities on how they can remain in compliance with regulations and remain eligible for reimbursement while fully utilizing the program waivers that have been implemented.

    We acknowledge and appreciate FEMA’s letter dated October 13, 2024, which provided necessary flexibility and waivers from needing to identify which specific damage was caused by Hurricane Helene and which was caused by Hurricane Milton. In light of that letter, we ask that you issue additional guidance for these hurricanes that will further help facilitate recovery efforts. This specifically includes:

    1. Formalizing prior verbal confirmation with clear written guidance that FEMA will fully reimburse debris clean-up activities that took place between the two hurricanes in order to prevent loss of life and further destruction of property.
    2. Granting additional flexibility with respect to Post-Milton debris clean-up that will enable expedited clean-up efforts.

    Thank you for your attention to these important matters. We look forward to working with you on behalf of Floridians.

    Sincerely,

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: FS continues to attend APEC Finance Ministers’ Meeting in Peru (with photos/video)

    Source: Hong Kong Government special administrative region

         â€‹The Financial Secretary, Mr Paul Chan, continued his attendance at the APEC Finance Ministers’ Meeting (FMM) in Lima, Peru, yesterday (October 21, Lima time).

         This year’s APEC FMM takes the theme of “Sustainable + Digital + Resilient = APEC.” During various discussions, Mr Chan spoke on topics including global and regional economic and financial outlooks, sustainable finance, sustainable infrastructure, digital finance, and enhancing resilience against climate change.

         In the session on global and regional economic and financial outlooks, Mr Chan shared the latest economic situation in Hong Kong and reiterated Hong Kong’s firm support for rules-based free trade and multilateralism. As a “super connector,” Hong Kong plays a bridging role between traditional and emerging markets, promoting the regional digital economy and innovative technology for better collective development.

         In the discussion session on sustainable finance and infrastructure, Mr Chan highlighted Hong Kong’s functions as an international financial centre, facilitating the effective matching of funds with green and infrastructure projects. Through financial innovation and cooperation with international institutions, Hong Kong has been able to securitise infrastructure loans from various countries and issue catastrophe bonds, guiding more international capital to support projects in developing countries and helping them address climate challenges. He also shared updates and experience on Hong Kong’s efforts in advancing green and transition finance, including the release of a green taxonomy aligned with international standards and active participation in setting global green standards.

         Mr Chan also participated in discussions on digital finance at the FMM, sharing Hong Kong’s experiences in developing fintech and promoting inclusive finance, including how regulatory sandboxes encourage fintech innovation and the application of new technologies. He noted that Hong Kong’s robust and internationalised financial infrastructure, along with a balanced regulatory system that promotes security and innovation, is conducive to building a thriving fintech ecosystem.

         At noon, Mr Chan attended a luncheon of the APEC Business Advisory Council, sharing Hong Kong’s experiences on leveraging private market capital to better support sustainable infrastructure and climate change projects, as well as creating a more favorable environment for micro, small and medium enterprises to embrace digital finance. He exchanged views with representatives and business leaders from other economies.

         During the FMM, Mr Chan also met with South Korea’s Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Economy and Finance of the Republic of Korea, Mr Choi Sang-mok, and Vietnam’s Deputy Minister of Finance, Mr Vo Thanh Hung, to discuss strengthening cooperation and exchanging views on issues of mutual interest.

         In the evening, Mr Chan would depart Lima for New York, the United States, where he will attend the Bloomberg Global Regulatory Forum and deliver a speech today (October 22, New York time).               

    MIL OSI Asia Pacific News

  • MIL-Evening Report: From Ancient Rome to Persia, eunuchs often led armies and were powerbrokers of the ancient world

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Michael B. Charles, Associate Professor, Management Discipline, Faculty of Business, Arts and Law, Southern Cross University

    The person to the right of the haloed emperor is thought to be the eunuch Narses, a powerful Byzantine general. Bender235/Wikimedia

    When people think of eunuchs, someone like Lord Varys from Game of Thrones often springs to mind. Chubby, obsequious and a flatterer, he is involved in court intrigues and manipulates people and events behind the scenes.

    These traits oppose military prowess and valour endorsed by traditional models of masculinity across various times and cultures. According to those tropes, a eunuch’s weapon is the whisper, not the sword.

    In reality, not every eunuch in the ancient world was a servile, cloistered being. In fact, eunuchs sometimes led armies on campaign, and were entrusted with high-level administrative tasks.

    What was a eunuch?

    A eunuch was someone whose testicles had been deliberately crushed or excised.

    In Greek myth, Cronus (the father of Zeus) castrated his own father Uranus to overthrow his tyranny and become king of the Titans.

    Greek historians reported castration as war punishment, and persistently linked the castration of young boys to sexual slavery.

    The ancient Greek historian Herodotus stressed the demand for castrated boys at the court of the Persian kings. But the market for eunuchs was evidently larger than just the Persian court.

    The Romans replicated the Greeks’ negative view of eunuchs. They are often portrayed in Roman texts as being in the company of “bad” emperors such as the supposedly cruel and narcissistic Domitian – even though he forbade the practice of making eunuchs.

    The notion of the unmanly eunuch in antiquity was reinforced by Orientalist literature, which imagined ancient eunuchs in charge of something akin to a Turkish sultan’s harem. Unable to procreate, the eunuch is paradoxically surrounded by beautiful women, his in-between-ness granting him access to the psychological makeup of both genders.

    Orientalism drew inspiration from historical accounts written after the Greco-Persian wars, which the Greeks won in 449 BCE. These accounts were written in the shadow of Alexander the Great’s conquest of the Near East (including areas such as modern-day Iraq, Iran and Syria), which was followed by the Roman hegemony.

    Instead of critically evaluating the sources, colonial writers and their readers indulged in a world of fantasy where eunuchs offered a sensualised peek into the “secrets of the harem”.

    In fact, a deeper look at the historical record reveals that eunuchs often occupied positions of great military power and civil authority.

    Eunuchs as bodyguards, enforcers and governors

    Cyrus, the first Persian king (590–529 BCE), praised eunuchs for their reliability. He insisted that gelded men, like gelded horses, are easier to control. He believed they made up for their lack of physical strength with their loyalty.

    Cyrus may have owed his life to eunuchs, who played a role in saving him as a baby from a murderous plot by his grandfather.

    The Greek historian Herodotus also reports that eunuch-bodyguards tried to protect, albeit unsuccessfully, the man on the Persian throne just before Darius the Great took power in 522 BCE (Darius contended that this man was not a real king but an imposter).

    The historical record also mentions a Persian eunuch being in charge of a garrison at Gaza around 332 BCE.

    The Egyptian pharaoh Amasis, who reigned in the sixth century BCE, also relied on eunuchs to recover fugitive slaves.

    Eunuchs appeared in the courts of the Hittites and Assyrians (civilisations in modern-day Turkey and Iraq respectively) from the 13th century BCE.

    Assyrian kings often appointed eunuchs as provincial governors. The Assyrian king Shamshi-Adad V (who ruled Assyria 824–811 BCE) praised his chief eunuch Mutarris-Ashur as “clever and experienced in battle”. Mutarris-Ashur led the Assyrian army on a military campaign to the Nairi lands in the Armenian Highlands.

    King Ashurbanipal, who ruled the Neo-Assyrian Empire from 669 BCE to 631 BCE, sent his chief eunuch on missions against neighbouring Mannea (a kingdom in modern-day Iran) and the rebellious Gambulu tribe in ancient Babylonia.

    This Assyrian relief shows the head of a beardless royal attendant, possibly a eunuch. Eunuchs were key figures in the Assyrian court.
    The Metropolitan Museum of Art

    Bagoas the eunuch

    In the fourth century BCE, there was Bagoas, a Persian court eunuch who is sometimes conflated with a eunuch lover of Alexander the Great who had the same name. Bagoas became the second most important person in the Persian court, after the Persian king.

    Bagoas had served in Persian king Artaxerxes III’s campaign against Egypt, and rose to the rank of Chiliarch (the leader of the royal infantry guard).

    Bagoas developed a reputation as a kingmaker – he was instrumental in replacing Artaxerxes III with his son, Artaxerxes IV. He later poisoned Artaxerxes IV and installed as king Darius III, who was eventually defeated by Alexander the Great.

    Bagoas had plotted to replace Darius too, but Darius outsmarted him; he forced Bagoas to drink the poison the latter had prepared for Darius to drink.

    Eunuchs in Rome

    Despite the bias of the Greco-Roman sources, including their suspicion of eastern cults that involved eunuch priests, eunuchs were important in Roman imperial service.

    The emperor Claudius rewarded his eunuch Posides for his service during Rome’s invasion of Britain in 43 CE.

    In 399 CE, the eunuch Eutropius became a powerful consul in Rome’s eastern empire under the emperor Arcadius. Some Romans, however, attacked the appointment of a semivir (half man) as consul as an abomination.

    In early Christianity, the concept of becoming a eunuch for the kingdom of God acquired currency. According to some interpretations of the Bible, being a eunuch was connected to the virtues of chastity and celibacy.

    By the sixth century CE, Byzantine eunuchs found themselves in charge of large armies. (What we now call the Byzantine Empire, or the Eastern Roman Empire, was known by its people as the Roman Empire until 1453 CE).

    Narses was a eunuch and one of the Byzantine emperor Justinian’s great generals. He managed to recapture Italy, including Rome, from the Goths (a Germanic people who had invaded Italy).

    Narses, possibly an Armenian by birth, was no armchair general. At the battle of Mons Lactarius (552 or 553 CE), Narses fought on foot with his fellow soldiers against the Goths. He encouraged his men to hang on against a brave enemy.

    Despite the stereotypes, eunuchs clearly often played important roles in the ostensibly masculine world of strategic planning and combat.

    This plurality of masculinities in the ancient Mediterranean world remains relevant to modern society as it challenges notions of a simple gender binary.

    Eva Anagnostou-Laoutides receives funding from the Australian Research Council and the Gerda Henkel Foundation.

    Michael B. Charles does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. From Ancient Rome to Persia, eunuchs often led armies and were powerbrokers of the ancient world – https://theconversation.com/from-ancient-rome-to-persia-eunuchs-often-led-armies-and-were-powerbrokers-of-the-ancient-world-235957

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-Evening Report: Is it possible to have a fair jury trial anymore?

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Arlie Loughnan, Professor of Criminal Law, University of Sydney

    Shutterstock

    The decades-long mystery about what happened to 19-year-old Amber Haigh made it to court in New South Wales earlier this year. Those accused of murdering Haigh were found not guilty.

    Usually we don’t know precisely why someone was found guilty or not. But in this case, the reasons were given.

    This is because the trial was “judge alone”: a trial without a jury. This means the judge decides on the factual questions as well as the legal ones. And as judges are required to give reasons for their decisions, we learned what was behind the verdict, something usually hidden by the “black box” of the jury room.

    Judge alone trials are increasing in New South Wales. Moves are being made in some other Australian jurisdictions to increase access to judge alone trials.

    While it’s only possible to hold a judge alone trial in certain circumstances, and there are small numbers of such trials relative to other trials, some lawyers and judges think these trials have advantages over those with a jury.

    This is because jury trials face a lot of challenges. Some have pondered whether, in this media-saturated environment, there is such a thing as a fair jury trial. So what are these challenges, and where do they leave the time-honoured process?

    What happens in a jury trial?

    The criminal trial brings together knowledge of the facts that underpin the criminal charge. The task of the jury is to independently assess that knowledge as presented in the trial, and reach a conclusion about guilt to the criminal standard of proof: beyond reasonable doubt.

    Crucially, lay people provide legitimacy to this process, as individuals drawn from all walks of life are engaged in the decision-making around the guilt of the accused.

    The jury is therefore a fundamental part of our democracy.

    The changing trial

    For its legitimacy, the criminal trial traditionally relies on open justice, independent prosecutors and the lay jury (the “black box”), all overseen by the impartial umpire, the judge, and backed up by the appeal system.

    But these aspects of the criminal trial are being challenged by changes occurring inside and outside the courtroom.

    These challenges include high levels of media attention given to criminal justice matters.

    Another is the questioning about the way public prosecutors are using their discretion in bringing charges against individuals. This is happening in NSW, ACT and Victoria.

    There are also concerns about “junk science” being relied on Australian courtrooms. This is where unreliable or inaccurate expert evidence is introduced in trials.

    Some legal bodies are also demanding a post-appeal criminal cases review commission to prevent wrongful convictions.

    Added complexity

    It is not just juries that must come to grips with complex evidence in criminal matters. Judges and lawyers are also required to grasp intricate scientific evidence, understand new areas of expertise, and get across changing practices of validating expert knowledge.

    The difficulty of these tasks for judges and lawyers was on show in the two special inquiries into Kathleen Folbigg’s convictions for the murder of her children, held in 2019 and 2022–23. Rapid developments in genetic science, alongside other developments, came to cast doubt on the accuracy of Folbigg’s convictions. This was just a few years after the first inquiry concluded there was no reasonable doubt about her guilt.

    The challenges facing criminal trials are one dimension of much wider social and political dynamics. News and information is produced and consumed differently now. People have differing degrees of respect for scientific knowledge and expertise. Trust in authority and institutions is low.

    These factors come together in a perfect storm and pose existential questions about what criminal justice should look like now.

    What does the future look like?

    The future of criminal law and its institutions depends on their legitimacy. It’s legitimacy that gives courts the social license and power to proscribe conduct, prosecute crimes and authorise punishment. Juries are a vital piece of this picture.

    Amid the changing environment, there are things we can do to improve jury trials and in turn, safeguard and enhance their legitimacy.

    One is providing extremely careful instructions to juries to make sure jurors understand their tasks, and do not feel frustrated.

    Another is introducing higher and better standards for expert evidence. Experts testifying in court need firm guidance, especially on their use of industry jargon, to decrease chances of wrongful convictions.

    These sorts of changes might be coupled with changes in criminal laws, like enhancing laws of self-defence so they are more accessible to women in domestic violence situations.

    Together, this would help to future-proof criminal law, ready to meet the challenges of coming years and decades that we are yet to detect.

    Arlie Loughnan does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. Is it possible to have a fair jury trial anymore? – https://theconversation.com/is-it-possible-to-have-a-fair-jury-trial-anymore-239401

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-Evening Report: What’s at stake in elections in Georgia and Moldova this week: a stark choice between Russia and the West

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Adam Simpson, Senior Lecturer, International Studies, University of South Australia

    Two former Soviet republics have important elections this week that will likely be pivotal in their respective journeys toward tighter integration with the West against the backdrop of rising Russian influence and the Ukraine war.

    What happens in Georgia and Moldova is being closely watched across the European Union and Moscow. Russia has invested heavily in trying to influence the outcomes of both elections. If it succeeds, this will be a cause of significant concern in other ex-Soviet states, as well as the West.

    Moldova takes a tentative step towards the EU

    On Sunday, Moldovans voted in the first round of their presidential election. A referendum was also on the ballot to amend the country’s Constitution to include an aspiration to join the EU.

    Pre-election polls had suggested the referendum would easily pass and the popular pro-EU president, Maia Sandu, would be re-elected.

    However, Russia launched a significant “propaganda blitz” ahead of the vote, including credible allegations of widespread vote buying, to undermine the electoral process.

    Sandu won the first round comfortably, with over 42% of the vote, though not by enough to avoid a run-off on November 3. The country’s pro-Russia parties are now likely to coalesce behind the second-place candidate in an attempt to oust her.

    The referendum, however, teetered on the edge of failure before narrowly passing by the tightest of margins.

    Though Moldova’s negotiations with the EU were certain to continue under Sandu regardless of the outcome, the result was nonetheless concerning. It demonstrates the strength of Russia’s influence operations to destabilise a nation seen as key to security on the eastern boundaries of the EU and NATO.

    Moldova has a 1,200-kilometre border with Ukraine in the east and borders Romania, an EU and NATO member, in the west.

    Polling suggests a majority of Moldovans condemned Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, but a significant minority retain pro-Russian views.

    Russia also has a history of interference in Moldova’s sovereignty.

    Moldova declared independence in 1991 during the dissolution of the Soviet Union but Transnistria, a small part of the country along the border with Ukraine, was taken over by separatists in a military operation backed by Russian troops.

    Following Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe formally recognised Transnistria as Moldovan territory still occupied by Russia.

    What’s at stake in Georgia?

    On the day of Moldova’s vote, tens of thousands of pro-EU supporters staged a demonstration in Tblisi, Georgia’s capital, calling for their country to choose a pro-EU path in their own election

    The Georgian Dream party has been in power since 2012 and while it remains nominally pro-EU, it has gradually shifted towards a more pro-Russia stance.

    The Georgian Dream-dominated legislature recently passed an antidemocratic, Putinesque law that requires groups receiving at least 20% of their funding from overseas to register as “agents of foreign influence”. And earlier this month, it passed a sweeping anti-LGBTQ+ bill that bans same-sex marriages, adoption by same-sex couples and changing one’s gender on identity documents.

    The EU suspended Georgia’s accession process after the foreign agents law was passed and has recently cancelled €121 million (A$196 million) in funding due to “democratic backsliding”. This month, the European Parliament also overwhelmingly adopted a resolution calling for a freeze on EU funding to Georgia until its undemocratic laws are repealed.

    The opposition parties are now working together to try to remove Georgian Dream from power, support the re-election of the current pro-EU president and return the country to the road of rapid integration with the EU.

    Polls show support for joining the EU remains very high at nearly 80%. However, as the Moldovan election demonstrates, this may not necessarily be reflected in the vote on election day.




    Read more:
    ‘We do not want to be like Russia’: a first-hand account of Georgia’s fight for democracy


    Russian interference

    Russia has long meddled in its southern neighbour. After an invasion of Georgia in 2008, Russian troops supported two pro-Russian breakaway republics, South Ossetia and Abkhazia, as they had done in Transnistria.

    Russia has now established military bases in both regions, as well as a new naval base in Abkhazia to serve as a permanent base for parts of Russia’s Black Sea fleet.

    These incursions set the stage for Russia’s invasion of Crimea and eastern Ukraine in 2014. As the post-Soviet Baltic states have argued, the lack of an adequate response from the West to these invasions set the stage for Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine.

    Georgians are understandably concerned that Russia may invade their country again. Polls suggest two-thirds of people support joining NATO.

    There are concerns that Saturday’s election could also be tainted. The Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe issued a declaration earlier this month, saying there are “alarming reports” indicating the Russian-backed Georgian Dream party might be “preparing to steal” the election.

    The report accused the ruling party of a “massive intimidation campaign” against opposition candidates and their supporters, including physical attacks. It also said the Central Election Commission has apparently been brought under the control of Georgian Dream.

    The opposition and civil society groups claimed electoral fraud after the 2020 elections, which resulted in mass protests and a political crisis when the opposition boycotted parliament.

    Why these elections matter

    These elections in Georgia and Moldova are crucial for reinforcing democratic rights in vulnerable former Soviet states. Any outcome that shifts their trajectory towards Russia will likely result in increased repression of both minorities, including the LGTBQ+ community, and the political opposition.

    Wins by pro-Russian candidates and parties – legitimate or otherwise – will also drive greater military and economic integration with Russia. Despite popular support in both countries for joining NATO, wins by Russian-backed candidates will likewise undermine support for Ukraine in its war with Russia.

    While it looks like pro-EU results might have squeaked through in Moldova, the elections in Georgia are potentially more hazardous for European relations.

    The stakes in both elections could not be higher.

    Adam Simpson does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. What’s at stake in elections in Georgia and Moldova this week: a stark choice between Russia and the West – https://theconversation.com/whats-at-stake-in-elections-in-georgia-and-moldova-this-week-a-stark-choice-between-russia-and-the-west-240675

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-OSI Security: Hispanic Heritage Month Profile: Lt. Galo Barrezueta

    Source: United States Navy (Medical)

    Naval Submarine Medical Research Laboratory (NSMRL) is proud to celebrate Hispanic Heritage Month and the accomplishments of our Hispanic Sailors and staff. This month, NSMRL is spotlighting Lt. Galo Barrezueta, deputy department head for the Operations Department.

    Barrezueta’s Navy story began in 2007, when he enlisted as a hospital corpsman shortly after graduating high school in New Jersey. He was searching for a career that would offer him the opportunity to be part of something bigger than himself.

    “I joined because I was searching for a better opportunity for me and my family,” said Barrezueta. “The Navy offered so many enticing opportunities. I wanted to be a part of that.”

    Over his 13 years as an enlisted Sailor, Barrezueta took advantage of many such opportunities. He started on a path towards hospital administration with a bachelor’s degree in 2012 and his first master’s degree in 2019. He briefly left the Navy in 2020, after being waitlisted for the Health Services Collegiate Program (HSCP), but only a few short months after separating, the Navy called him back to ask if he was still interested in becoming an officer.

    Barrezueta was thrilled to rejoin the Navy.

    “When I separated, I worked in the public sector at a clinic, which was fine, but wasn’t really the same,” said Barrezueta. “The comradery and the relationships I’d had in the Navy just weren’t there. It was a 9-5, and when five hit, everyone went home. There was no working together towards a mission, and no one was really willing to help each other. That was the main thing I missed about the military. The ability to work towards one goal and one mission.”

    Through the HSCP, Barrezueta received his second master’s degree in healthcare administration, and commissioned in 2022. He is excited to also join the Association of Hispanic Naval Officers (ANSO), an initiative founded in 1981 by Eduardo Hidalgo, the first Secretary of the Navy of Hispanic descent. ANSO is dedicated to supporting Hispanics and Latinos across all ranks and career milestones (recruitment, retention, promotion).

    “Influencing the next generation is key and that’s why I’m excited to join ANSO,” stated Barrezueta. “I’ve talked to many kids with similar backgrounds to mine, and sharing my experiences so they can be better prepared to take advantage of the opportunities the Navy offers. One of my childhood friends, for example, has a daughter who was going to enlist, but based on her grades and personality, I encouraged her to join the ROTC at her college, and now she’s going through that program and is doing great.”

    Barrezueta and his family moved to New Jersey from Ecuador when he was 10 years old, which has given him a deep appreciation for the Hispanic and American cultures, although he sometimes finds it difficult to explain how he embraces both.

    “I love having the opportunity to share both my cultures, Hispanic and American,” Barrezueta said. “Sometimes I have to explain why I do things differently, and it’s because I have such a different perspective, as someone from two distinct cultures. For example, I grew up loving football [soccer] in Ecuador, but after coming to the U.S., I am also obsessed with baseball. It’s easy for me to appreciate and enjoy both, but I often find myself having to explain why I love each, because if you didn’t grow up in that culture, you don’t understand.”

    To Barrezueta, it is important that the Navy continue celebrating Hispanic Heritage Month, as well as other diversity celebrations throughout each year.

    “Ultimately, our country is built on diversity, which is our biggest strength,” said Barrezueta. “I’ve had the opportunity to work with other Services, and you can see our strength when we go into other countries and we have people who speak those different languages and are able to communicate with the locals. Not just Hispanics, but all different cultures. It’s important that our Navy reflect the diversity of our country.”

    National Hispanic Heritage Month is a month-long celebration in the United States that honors the contributions and cultural heritage of Hispanic and Latino Americans. It is observed from September 15 to October 15. This year’s theme is “Pioneers of Change: Shaping the Future Together.”

    NSMRL, part of Naval Medical Research & Development, and based out of Groton, Connecticut, sustains the readiness and superiority of undersea warfighters through innovative health and performance research and works to lead the world in delivering science solutions to ensure undersea warrior dominance.

    MIL Security OSI