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Category: Africa

  • MIL-OSI Global: Kenya’s laws make it a crime to attempt suicide – this hurts vulnerable people

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Linnet Ongeri, Principal Clinical Research Scientist, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme

    One in every 100 deaths globally is by suicide. Each year, more than 700,000 people die by suicide. A staggering 77% of suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries, with the African region bearing the highest burden at a rate of 11.2 deaths per 100,000 people. In Kenya, the crude suicide rate is 6.1 deaths per 100,000 people. Men are three times more likely to die by suicide than women. Linnet Ongeri is a psychiatrist and a mental health researcher with a focus on suicide prevention. She examines the factors behind Kenya’s suicide rate and recent efforts to decriminalise attempted suicide.

    What are the drivers of suicide?

    Suicide is a complex issue. It results from the interplay of various factors, including genetic, biological, psychological, socioeconomic and cultural influences.

    There is a strong link between suicide and mental health disorders. However, many suicides occur impulsively during moments of crisis or in response to significant life challenges. These challenges often involve the denial of basic human rights and access to resources. They could also be brought on by stressful events like a loss of livelihood, academic or work-related pressures, relationship breakdowns and other life crises.

    Stigmatising views portray suicide as a sign of weakness or failure, rather than a result of deep emotional distress or mental health challenges. Suicide stigma refers to the negative attitudes, beliefs and misconceptions that surround individuals who experience suicidal thoughts or attempt suicide. This stigma often manifests as judgment, shame or social exclusion. This makes it difficult for people to openly discuss their struggles or seek help.

    Societal stigma isolates individuals and creates barriers to accessing mental health support. This further compounds the risk of suicide.

    What role does the criminalisation of suicide play?

    The relationship between stigma and the criminalisation of suicide is especially concerning.

    In Kenya, Section 226 of the penal code states that any person who tries to kill him or herself is guilty of a misdemeanour. He or she is liable to imprisonment of up to two years, a fine, or both. This law, inherited from the English common law, has been repealed in several countries globally.

    Suicide was criminalised under British law prior to the 1960s largely due to historical and religious beliefs. These beliefs viewed suicide as a moral transgression and influenced legal systems. In 1961, efforts to decriminalise suicide gained global momentum following growing recognition of the link to mental health. Of the 20 countries that still criminalise attempted suicide, nine are in Africa.

    Even though the law is aimed at deterring people from taking their own lives, there is local and international evidence that criminalisation of attempted suicide increases suicide risk. Treating survivors of suicide as criminals worsens the stigma that surrounds mental health. This impedes them from seeking help and support.

    The threat of legal sanctions for a suicide survivor, who is already experiencing severe mental anguish and emotional distress, can have serious negative repercussions. Punitive measures can worsen an individual’s mental health, increase their sense of isolation and make them more vulnerable. This heightens the risk of suicidal behaviour.

    Further, criminalisation of suicide impedes accurate data collection and prevention-related interventions. A clearer understanding of who is affected and why is critical for designing context-specific prevention strategies that use limited resources effectively.

    Kenya has made progress in developing a national suicide prevention strategy. However, several of its proposed interventions are at odds with the existing legal framework.

    This legal incompatibility hinders the government and healthcare providers from carrying out the strategy.

    Why is decriminalising suicide important?

    Decriminalising suicide safeguards individuals’ right to health by enabling them to seek care and support during times of crisis.

    It helps shift the narrative from treating attempted suicide as a criminal act to recognising it as a mental health crisis. This reduces stigma and encourages open discussions about mental health. Healthcare providers can focus on offering treatment rather than involving law enforcement. It also allows survivors to get help without fear of legal consequences or discrimination.

    Both the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan aim to reduce the global suicide rate by one-third by 2030.

    As a WHO member state, Kenya is committed to achieving this target. Kenya’s suicide prevention strategy aims to reduce suicide deaths by 10% by 2026.

    What’s being done to decriminalise attempted suicide in Kenya?

    A 2020 report from a national task force on mental health emphasised the need to decriminalise attempted suicide. It also called for a national suicide registry to improve access to mental healthcare, suicide crisis support, and data on suicide and suicidal attempts. These recommendations would support the country’s suicide prevention strategy.

    In 2022, the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights filed a constitutional petition to repeal Section 226 of the penal code, deeming it unconstitutional. The petition argues that the current law violates the rights of individuals living with mental health conditions. A final judgment on this case is expected in November 2024. It would be a crucial step towards aligning Kenya’s legal framework with mental health advocacy and human rights.

    In August 2024, Lukoye Atwoli, an associate director of the Brain and Mind Institute at Kenya’s Aga Khan University, launched a petition with the national assembly calling for the decriminalisation of attempted suicide.

    These efforts reflect a growing recognition of the need to address suicide as a public health issue rather than a criminal offence.

    What needs to happen next?

    Lessons from countries like Ghana and Pakistan, which recently decriminalised suicide, emphasise the need for continued advocacy and awareness.

    A key next step is to develop an awareness programme to ensure that the shift in law (when it does happen) is accompanied by meaningful changes in practice.

    This programme should focus on training first responders – including police officers, emergency healthcare providers, mental health professionals and peer supporters – who interact with individuals at risk of suicide. Proper training will equip them with the skills to offer compassionate support, timely intervention and appropriate care. This would help ensure decriminalisation efforts translate into tangible improvements in suicide prevention and mental health care.

    Linnet Ongeri does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Kenya’s laws make it a crime to attempt suicide – this hurts vulnerable people – https://theconversation.com/kenyas-laws-make-it-a-crime-to-attempt-suicide-this-hurts-vulnerable-people-240374

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Rushing or delaying decisions is linked to anxiety and depression in young people – South African study

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Eugene Lee Davids, Associate Professor, University of Pretoria

    Each day we make thousands of decisions, starting with what to have for breakfast and what to wear. We make so many decisions that we don’t keep count.

    But it’s important to understand the way we make choices. This is because the approach we take can influence our mental health.

    Over the last eight years, I’ve been researching how young people (15-25) make decisions – especially decisions that have an impact on their mental health. Mental health is a major health and social concern, shaping the lives of young people globally.

    In a recent study, I looked at whether decision-making styles contribute to anxiety and depression among young adults in South Africa.

    One style of making decisions is to evaluate all the possible options and choose the one that would lead to the best outcome. This is called vigilant decision-making.

    The second approach is to make “rushed” decisions, or to put off making a decision.

    I found that vigilant decision makers typically had lower anxiety and depression symptoms. Young adults who put off or rushed their decisions had more anxiety and depression symptoms.

    In the total study group, 37.3% were at risk of a diagnosis for major depressive disorder and 74.2% were at risk for anxiety disorder. These risks were high because rushed or delayed decision makers made up a big share of the total group.

    Understanding the impact of decision-making on mental health helps us recognise whether our choices support or undermine emotional well-being.

    High stress levels

    My research study included 1,411 young South Africans from eight of the country’s nine provinces. They each completed an online questionnaire which measured how they made decisions together with their levels of anxiety and depression symptoms. The types of questions asked included how they would rate statements such as “I like to consider all the alternatives” or “I put off making decisions”.

    The young people in the study were in a stage of development called “emerging adulthood” – between the ages of 18 and 29. Young people in this age group experience high levels of stress and uncertainty, often because of their changing role in society. They are deciding which career path to follow or taking on more adult-like roles.

    Participants in the study were at a stage of life when they could easily develop a disorder. Many mental health disorders start to develop by the age of 15. But it is estimated that by age 25 close to 63%-75% of mental health disorders would be present.

    When a person has to make a decision, time plays a big role. It can influence whether the person uses a vigilant style or a rushed approach. And that approach, in turn, can reduce or create anxiety.

    For example, if a young person needs to decide what contraceptive to use, and they have the time do a thorough search of all the possible contraceptive options and are optimistic about finding the best one, they can arrive at a decision which will be the best for them. The young person is able to evaluate all the possible options without any stress or concern about time.

    But when a concern about time arises and it results in a more rushed decision, or when a decision is delayed for a later stage because of the pressure, it is likely to lead to an increase in anxiety and depression symptoms. The decision of what degree to pursue at university, while the deadline for applying is looming, is an example.

    In the study, an advanced statistical analysis technique was used to look at the links between styles of decision-making and anxiety and depression symptoms. Using this analysis technique I was able to predict which of the styles of decision-making were linked with the anxiety and depression symptoms among the young people in the study.

    Steps to take when making decisions

    Having time on your side often allows for better choices. So it’s worth looking at some useful steps when making decisions:

    1. Identify the problem or situation clearly.

    2. Brainstorm all the possible solutions or options available.

    3. Research the pros and cons of each solution or option.

    4. Determine which of the solutions or options would result in the best outcome for you, based on the problem or situation.

    5. Then, if you are still uncertain, you could consult someone you trust and who has made good decisions previously.

    These five steps are similar to the vigilant decision-making style.

    Looking forward

    Globally, there is a gap in our understanding of mental health among young people. Studying how they make decisions allows researchers to better understand how their choices shape their mental health. It’s then possible to develop programmes that support decision-making that leads to positive mental health outcomes.

    It’s even more important today, when big trends such as the impact of climate change and the (unsafe) digital world are affecting mental health.

    Eugene Lee Davids does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Rushing or delaying decisions is linked to anxiety and depression in young people – South African study – https://theconversation.com/rushing-or-delaying-decisions-is-linked-to-anxiety-and-depression-in-young-people-south-african-study-237516

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Rushing or delaying decisions is linked to anxiety and depression in young people – South African study

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Eugene Lee Davids, Associate Professor, University of Pretoria

    Each day we make thousands of decisions, starting with what to have for breakfast and what to wear. We make so many decisions that we don’t keep count.

    But it’s important to understand the way we make choices. This is because the approach we take can influence our mental health.

    Over the last eight years, I’ve been researching how young people (15-25) make decisions – especially decisions that have an impact on their mental health. Mental health is a major health and social concern, shaping the lives of young people globally.

    In a recent study, I looked at whether decision-making styles contribute to anxiety and depression among young adults in South Africa.

    One style of making decisions is to evaluate all the possible options and choose the one that would lead to the best outcome. This is called vigilant decision-making.

    The second approach is to make “rushed” decisions, or to put off making a decision.

    I found that vigilant decision makers typically had lower anxiety and depression symptoms. Young adults who put off or rushed their decisions had more anxiety and depression symptoms.

    In the total study group, 37.3% were at risk of a diagnosis for major depressive disorder and 74.2% were at risk for anxiety disorder. These risks were high because rushed or delayed decision makers made up a big share of the total group.

    Understanding the impact of decision-making on mental health helps us recognise whether our choices support or undermine emotional well-being.

    High stress levels

    My research study included 1,411 young South Africans from eight of the country’s nine provinces. They each completed an online questionnaire which measured how they made decisions together with their levels of anxiety and depression symptoms. The types of questions asked included how they would rate statements such as “I like to consider all the alternatives” or “I put off making decisions”.

    The young people in the study were in a stage of development called “emerging adulthood” – between the ages of 18 and 29. Young people in this age group experience high levels of stress and uncertainty, often because of their changing role in society. They are deciding which career path to follow or taking on more adult-like roles.

    Participants in the study were at a stage of life when they could easily develop a disorder. Many mental health disorders start to develop by the age of 15. But it is estimated that by age 25 close to 63%-75% of mental health disorders would be present.

    When a person has to make a decision, time plays a big role. It can influence whether the person uses a vigilant style or a rushed approach. And that approach, in turn, can reduce or create anxiety.

    For example, if a young person needs to decide what contraceptive to use, and they have the time do a thorough search of all the possible contraceptive options and are optimistic about finding the best one, they can arrive at a decision which will be the best for them. The young person is able to evaluate all the possible options without any stress or concern about time.

    But when a concern about time arises and it results in a more rushed decision, or when a decision is delayed for a later stage because of the pressure, it is likely to lead to an increase in anxiety and depression symptoms. The decision of what degree to pursue at university, while the deadline for applying is looming, is an example.

    In the study, an advanced statistical analysis technique was used to look at the links between styles of decision-making and anxiety and depression symptoms. Using this analysis technique I was able to predict which of the styles of decision-making were linked with the anxiety and depression symptoms among the young people in the study.

    Steps to take when making decisions

    Having time on your side often allows for better choices. So it’s worth looking at some useful steps when making decisions:

    1. Identify the problem or situation clearly.

    2. Brainstorm all the possible solutions or options available.

    3. Research the pros and cons of each solution or option.

    4. Determine which of the solutions or options would result in the best outcome for you, based on the problem or situation.

    5. Then, if you are still uncertain, you could consult someone you trust and who has made good decisions previously.

    These five steps are similar to the vigilant decision-making style.

    Looking forward

    Globally, there is a gap in our understanding of mental health among young people. Studying how they make decisions allows researchers to better understand how their choices shape their mental health. It’s then possible to develop programmes that support decision-making that leads to positive mental health outcomes.

    It’s even more important today, when big trends such as the impact of climate change and the (unsafe) digital world are affecting mental health.

    – Rushing or delaying decisions is linked to anxiety and depression in young people – South African study
    – https://theconversation.com/rushing-or-delaying-decisions-is-linked-to-anxiety-and-depression-in-young-people-south-african-study-237516

    MIL OSI Africa –

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Kenya’s laws make it a crime to attempt suicide – this hurts vulnerable people

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Linnet Ongeri, Principal Clinical Research Scientist, KEMRI Wellcome Trust Research Programme

    One in every 100 deaths globally is by suicide. Each year, more than 700,000 people die by suicide. A staggering 77% of suicides occur in low- and middle-income countries, with the African region bearing the highest burden at a rate of 11.2 deaths per 100,000 people. In Kenya, the crude suicide rate is 6.1 deaths per 100,000 people. Men are three times more likely to die by suicide than women. Linnet Ongeri is a psychiatrist and a mental health researcher with a focus on suicide prevention. She examines the factors behind Kenya’s suicide rate and recent efforts to decriminalise attempted suicide.

    What are the drivers of suicide?

    Suicide is a complex issue. It results from the interplay of various factors, including genetic, biological, psychological, socioeconomic and cultural influences.

    There is a strong link between suicide and mental health disorders. However, many suicides occur impulsively during moments of crisis or in response to significant life challenges. These challenges often involve the denial of basic human rights and access to resources. They could also be brought on by stressful events like a loss of livelihood, academic or work-related pressures, relationship breakdowns and other life crises.

    Stigmatising views portray suicide as a sign of weakness or failure, rather than a result of deep emotional distress or mental health challenges. Suicide stigma refers to the negative attitudes, beliefs and misconceptions that surround individuals who experience suicidal thoughts or attempt suicide. This stigma often manifests as judgment, shame or social exclusion. This makes it difficult for people to openly discuss their struggles or seek help.

    Societal stigma isolates individuals and creates barriers to accessing mental health support. This further compounds the risk of suicide.

    What role does the criminalisation of suicide play?

    The relationship between stigma and the criminalisation of suicide is especially concerning.

    In Kenya, Section 226 of the penal code states that any person who tries to kill him or herself is guilty of a misdemeanour. He or she is liable to imprisonment of up to two years, a fine, or both. This law, inherited from the English common law, has been repealed in several countries globally.

    Suicide was criminalised under British law prior to the 1960s largely due to historical and religious beliefs. These beliefs viewed suicide as a moral transgression and influenced legal systems. In 1961, efforts to decriminalise suicide gained global momentum following growing recognition of the link to mental health. Of the 20 countries that still criminalise attempted suicide, nine are in Africa.

    Even though the law is aimed at deterring people from taking their own lives, there is local and international evidence that criminalisation of attempted suicide increases suicide risk. Treating survivors of suicide as criminals worsens the stigma that surrounds mental health. This impedes them from seeking help and support.

    The threat of legal sanctions for a suicide survivor, who is already experiencing severe mental anguish and emotional distress, can have serious negative repercussions. Punitive measures can worsen an individual’s mental health, increase their sense of isolation and make them more vulnerable. This heightens the risk of suicidal behaviour.

    Further, criminalisation of suicide impedes accurate data collection and prevention-related interventions. A clearer understanding of who is affected and why is critical for designing context-specific prevention strategies that use limited resources effectively.

    Kenya has made progress in developing a national suicide prevention strategy. However, several of its proposed interventions are at odds with the existing legal framework.

    This legal incompatibility hinders the government and healthcare providers from carrying out the strategy.

    Why is decriminalising suicide important?

    Decriminalising suicide safeguards individuals’ right to health by enabling them to seek care and support during times of crisis.

    It helps shift the narrative from treating attempted suicide as a criminal act to recognising it as a mental health crisis. This reduces stigma and encourages open discussions about mental health. Healthcare providers can focus on offering treatment rather than involving law enforcement. It also allows survivors to get help without fear of legal consequences or discrimination.

    Both the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals and the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Comprehensive Mental Health Action Plan aim to reduce the global suicide rate by one-third by 2030.

    As a WHO member state, Kenya is committed to achieving this target. Kenya’s suicide prevention strategy aims to reduce suicide deaths by 10% by 2026.

    What’s being done to decriminalise attempted suicide in Kenya?

    A 2020 report from a national task force on mental health emphasised the need to decriminalise attempted suicide. It also called for a national suicide registry to improve access to mental healthcare, suicide crisis support, and data on suicide and suicidal attempts. These recommendations would support the country’s suicide prevention strategy.

    In 2022, the Kenya National Commission on Human Rights filed a constitutional petition to repeal Section 226 of the penal code, deeming it unconstitutional. The petition argues that the current law violates the rights of individuals living with mental health conditions. A final judgment on this case is expected in November 2024. It would be a crucial step towards aligning Kenya’s legal framework with mental health advocacy and human rights.

    In August 2024, Lukoye Atwoli, an associate director of the Brain and Mind Institute at Kenya’s Aga Khan University, launched a petition with the national assembly calling for the decriminalisation of attempted suicide.

    These efforts reflect a growing recognition of the need to address suicide as a public health issue rather than a criminal offence.

    What needs to happen next?

    Lessons from countries like Ghana and Pakistan, which recently decriminalised suicide, emphasise the need for continued advocacy and awareness.

    A key next step is to develop an awareness programme to ensure that the shift in law (when it does happen) is accompanied by meaningful changes in practice.

    This programme should focus on training first responders – including police officers, emergency healthcare providers, mental health professionals and peer supporters – who interact with individuals at risk of suicide. Proper training will equip them with the skills to offer compassionate support, timely intervention and appropriate care. This would help ensure decriminalisation efforts translate into tangible improvements in suicide prevention and mental health care.

    – Kenya’s laws make it a crime to attempt suicide – this hurts vulnerable people
    – https://theconversation.com/kenyas-laws-make-it-a-crime-to-attempt-suicide-this-hurts-vulnerable-people-240374

    MIL OSI Africa –

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Senegal’s female rappers aren’t letting obstacles get in their way – who the rising voices are

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Mamadou Dramé, enseignant-chercheur, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar

    In Senegal, rap music and hip-hop culture emerged in the 1980s, driven by the urban youth. It has grown to be one of the most popular music genres in the country. But what role do female Senegalese artists play in developing and promoting hip-hop? And what challenges do they face in this male-dominated industry? Mamadou Dramé, who has done several studies on Senegalese hip-hop, answers these and other questions.

    What characterises Senegalese hip-hop?

    The year 1988 marks the beginning of rap in Senegal. After a phase of imitation, artists set themselves apart from the rest of the world by incorporating local languages such as Wolof, Serer, Pulaar and Joola alongside French and English.

    They went on to infuse Senegalese rhythms into the music by using traditional instruments like the kora, peule flute and xalam. They also started collaborating with musicians from other genres such as mbalakh, also known as mbalax (think Daara J with Youssou Ndour, PBS with Baaba Maal, Pacotille with Fatou Laobé).

    Unfortunately this originality faded by the late 1990s, particularly when it came to the use of local sounds. This followed the rise of hardcore rap – a genre marked by its intense, politically charged lyrics and rejection of making music just for fun.

    That said, Senegalese rap has always been political and socially engaged, rarely seen as art for art’s sake. As a result, rappers have influenced Senegal’s political landscape. They made raising awareness among young people a priority, helping them realise they could help shape their country’s political trajectory. In 2000, for example, hip-hop helped topple the regime of Abdou Diouf and bring about a change of government.

    What role does rap play in the popular music scene today?

    Rap has played a crucial role in the local music scene in Senegal. At one point, it was the most listened to and widely performed genre in the country. Radio stations dedicated prime afternoon slots for rap shows to build their reputations. Artists who understood the importance of rappers and their ability to mobilise young people often created duets with them or used them as opening acts for their concerts.

    Read more: Hip hop and Pan Africanism: from Blitz the Ambassador to Beyoncé

    Rappers have also shown that music can be a pathway to entrepreneurship. Many rappers have developed side ventures and business structures to generate income, in the process making a positive impact on the lives of young people in their communities. This is why it’s more common in Senegal to find rappers as opinion leaders than artists from other genres. For example, Malal Talla, known by his stage name Fou Malade (Crazy Sick), has become a prominent figure in the broadcasting landscape and is regularly invited to comment on current political issues.

    When it comes to pan-Africanism, Didier Awadi is a sought after voice. In the realm of youth employment and training, rapper Amadou Fall Ba has played such a pivotal role that Dakar’s city council was able to establish the Maison des Cultures Urbaines, which works closely with Guédiawaye Hip Hop, a collective of rappers.

    Women are reported to be emerging in rap. What is the current situation?

    For a long time, the rap scene was very misogynistic, with a very minimal female presence. There have been female rappers like Fatim de BMG 44, Sister Yaki in the group Timtimol, and Syster Joyce, to name a few. However, apart from a few like Fatim, women have often played second fiddle or been confined to the role of backing singers.

    There have been attempts to form all-female groups, such as Alif (Attaque Libératrice pour l’Infanterie Féministe), but many either left rap or music altogether, or transitioned to other genres. In recent years, we are witnessing Senegalese women asserting themselves in rap and taking on leading roles. While their numbers are still small compared to men, they are certainly present and making their mark.

    Which female voices stand out?

    We could mention Mounaaya, who is very well known. She’s been in the business for a very long time. Toussa is from the same generation. She’s famous for her song Rap bou Djigene bi (Female Rap).

    Mamy Victory rose to prominence by winning Best Female Artist 2016 at Senegal’s Galsen Hip Hop Awards. There’s also OMG, who was a double finalist for the Prix Découvertes RFI reality singing competition in 2019. She was also named Best Female Artist at the 2018 Galsen awards.

    What challenges do women rappers face?

    For a long time, women have been subjected to prejudices and social pressures. The negative perception surrounding rap in its early days did not make things any easier. Navigating a predominantly male environment has been challenging for young women. Parents often wouldn’t allow their daughters to associate with men, especially since many events take place at night.

    Women face many biases and social judgements that have caused them to drop out of music. Many are expected to marry and take on family responsibilities rather than make rap. These are all obstacles that make it difficult for women to maintain a permanent presence in hip-hop.

    However, female rappers are gradually carving out their space. While they still have a long way to go due to their relatively small numbers, they are not backing down; instead they are increasingly asserting their talent and individuality.

    – Senegal’s female rappers aren’t letting obstacles get in their way – who the rising voices are
    – https://theconversation.com/senegals-female-rappers-arent-letting-obstacles-get-in-their-way-who-the-rising-voices-are-240237

    MIL OSI Africa –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Senegal’s female rappers aren’t letting obstacles get in their way – who the rising voices are

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Mamadou Dramé, enseignant-chercheur, Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar

    In Senegal, rap music and hip-hop culture emerged in the 1980s, driven by the urban youth. It has grown to be one of the most popular music genres in the country. But what role do female Senegalese artists play in developing and promoting hip-hop? And what challenges do they face in this male-dominated industry? Mamadou Dramé, who has done several studies on Senegalese hip-hop, answers these and other questions.

    What characterises Senegalese hip-hop?

    The year 1988 marks the beginning of rap in Senegal. After a phase of imitation, artists set themselves apart from the rest of the world by incorporating local languages such as Wolof, Serer, Pulaar and Joola alongside French and English.

    They went on to infuse Senegalese rhythms into the music by using traditional instruments like the kora, peule flute and xalam. They also started collaborating with musicians from other genres such as mbalakh, also known as mbalax (think Daara J with Youssou Ndour, PBS with Baaba Maal, Pacotille with Fatou Laobé).

    Unfortunately this originality faded by the late 1990s, particularly when it came to the use of local sounds. This followed the rise of hardcore rap – a genre marked by its intense, politically charged lyrics and rejection of making music just for fun.

    That said, Senegalese rap has always been political and socially engaged, rarely seen as art for art’s sake. As a result, rappers have influenced Senegal’s political landscape. They made raising awareness among young people a priority, helping them realise they could help shape their country’s political trajectory. In 2000, for example, hip-hop helped topple the regime of Abdou Diouf and bring about a change of government.

    What role does rap play in the popular music scene today?

    Rap has played a crucial role in the local music scene in Senegal. At one point, it was the most listened to and widely performed genre in the country. Radio stations dedicated prime afternoon slots for rap shows to build their reputations. Artists who understood the importance of rappers and their ability to mobilise young people often created duets with them or used them as opening acts for their concerts.



    Read more:
    Hip hop and Pan Africanism: from Blitz the Ambassador to Beyoncé

    Rappers have also shown that music can be a pathway to entrepreneurship. Many rappers have developed side ventures and business structures to generate income, in the process making a positive impact on the lives of young people in their communities. This is why it’s more common in Senegal to find rappers as opinion leaders than artists from other genres. For example, Malal Talla, known by his stage name Fou Malade (Crazy Sick), has become a prominent figure in the broadcasting landscape and is regularly invited to comment on current political issues.

    When it comes to pan-Africanism, Didier Awadi is a sought after voice. In the realm of youth employment and training, rapper Amadou Fall Ba has played such a pivotal role that Dakar’s city council was able to establish the Maison des Cultures Urbaines, which works closely with Guédiawaye Hip Hop, a collective of rappers.

    Women are reported to be emerging in rap. What is the current situation?

    For a long time, the rap scene was very misogynistic, with a very minimal female presence. There have been female rappers like Fatim de BMG 44, Sister Yaki in the group Timtimol, and Syster Joyce, to name a few. However, apart from a few like Fatim, women have often played second fiddle or been confined to the role of backing singers.

    There have been attempts to form all-female groups, such as Alif (Attaque Libératrice pour l’Infanterie Féministe), but many either left rap or music altogether, or transitioned to other genres. In recent years, we are witnessing Senegalese women asserting themselves in rap and taking on leading roles. While their numbers are still small compared to men, they are certainly present and making their mark.

    Which female voices stand out?

    We could mention Mounaaya, who is very well known. She’s been in the business for a very long time. Toussa is from the same generation. She’s famous for her song Rap bou Djigene bi (Female Rap).

    Mamy Victory rose to prominence by winning Best Female Artist 2016 at Senegal’s Galsen Hip Hop Awards. There’s also OMG, who was a double finalist for the Prix Découvertes RFI reality singing competition in 2019. She was also named Best Female Artist at the 2018 Galsen awards.

    What challenges do women rappers face?

    For a long time, women have been subjected to prejudices and social pressures. The negative perception surrounding rap in its early days did not make things any easier. Navigating a predominantly male environment has been challenging for young women. Parents often wouldn’t allow their daughters to associate with men, especially since many events take place at night.

    Women face many biases and social judgements that have caused them to drop out of music. Many are expected to marry and take on family responsibilities rather than make rap. These are all obstacles that make it difficult for women to maintain a permanent presence in hip-hop.

    However, female rappers are gradually carving out their space. While they still have a long way to go due to their relatively small numbers, they are not backing down; instead they are increasingly asserting their talent and individuality.

    Mamadou Dramé does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Senegal’s female rappers aren’t letting obstacles get in their way – who the rising voices are – https://theconversation.com/senegals-female-rappers-arent-letting-obstacles-get-in-their-way-who-the-rising-voices-are-240237

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Improving Access to Small Business Funding: OEDIT Announces Partner Outreach Program

    Source: US State of Colorado

    DENVER – Today, Governor Polis and the Business Support division of the Colorado Office of Economic Development and International Trade (OEDIT) announced the Partner Outreach Program (POP) to connect Colorado entrepreneurs and small business owners to OEDIT programs. A network of partners with expertise in serving rural, minority-owned, and immigrant-owned businesses has been established to work with businesses across the state to access loans and funding that can help them take steps to grow their businesses.

    “Helping small businesses across the state with access to funding and technical assistance will help small businesses thrive and strengthen Colorado’s economy. Small businesses drive our economy and with access to these experienced partners and their resources, Colorado will continue to be the best place in the country for anyone to start and grow a business,” said Governor Polis.

    Several OEDIT programs specialize in serving businesses that have had trouble securing a loan, need a smaller-than-average loan to get up and running, or have not borrowed money before.

    “Small businesses make up 99.5% of Colorado’s economy. When small businesses have access to financing that meets their needs, they can take important steps to grow their revenues and create new jobs. The Partner Outreach Program is an innovative program that responds to community needs and will expand our outreach efforts across the vast majority of the state. That means new opportunities for Colorado’s small businesses, including those that have historically encountered barriers to funding and support,” said Eve Lieberman, OEDIT Executive Director.

    To establish the POP network, six partners have been selected for their ability to serve diverse Colorado businesses, with a special emphasis on serving business owners who have historically encountered barriers to business capital and loans. All partners have a demonstrated history as a trusted community organization committed to community outreach, community development, and/or experience with supporting small businesses to access capital.

    Collectively, these partners offer support for a wide range of demographic groups and reach at least 90% of the state, from the Western Slope to the rural Eastern Plains and southern Colorado.

    • Black Business Initiative – Specializes in serving indigenous and Black communities in the Denver Metro area and San Luis Valley.
    • Community Enterprise Development Services – Serves business owners in the Denver Metro, Fort Collins, Weld County and Morgan County. Experienced working with Ethiopian, Islamic, Korean, Somali and underserved communities with an additional focus on communities speaking a language other than English.
    • Overwrite – Specializes in serving immigrant, migrant, Hispanic, Asian and Southeast Asian, African and Black communities in the Denver Metro area and Colorado Springs.
    • Prairie Rose – Has a demonstrated history of serving Spanish speaking communities in the Western Slope, Eastern Plains, and Durango communities.
    • Startup Colorado – Serves the Eastern Plains and the San Luis Valley, with experience serving business owners in all rural communities.
    • Wezesha Dada Center – Active in the Denver, Pueblo, Eastern Plains, Aurora, and Colorado Springs, with experience serving immigrant, migrant, diaspora, refugee and Black communities.

    About Colorado Office of Economic Development and International Trade

    The Colorado Office of Economic Development and International Trade (OEDIT) works with partners to create a positive business climate that encourages dynamic economic development and sustainable job growth. Under the leadership of Governor Jared Polis, we strive to advance the State’s economy through financial and technical assistance that fosters local and regional economic development activities throughout Colorado. OEDIT offers a host of programs and services tailored to support business development at every level including business retention services, business relocation services, and business funding and incentives. Our office includes the Global Business Development division; Colorado Tourism Office; Colorado Outdoor Recreation Industry Office; Colorado Creative Industries; Business Financing & Incentives division; the Colorado Small Business Development Network; Cannabis Business Office; Colorado Office of Film, TV & Media; the Minority Business Office; Employee Ownership Office; and Rural Opportunity Office. Learn more at oedit.colorado.gov

    ###
     

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI: Lendmark Financial Services Expands Alabama Presence with Muscle Shoals Branch, Marking its 17th Location in the State

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    MUSCLE SHOALS, Ala., Oct. 08, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Lendmark Financial Services (Lendmark), a leading provider of household credit and consumer loan solutions, continues to expand its Alabama footprint, opening a new branch in Muscle Shoals.

    The branch is located at 1901 Woodward Avenue and is expected to serve hundreds of customers in its first year. Tiffany Hurtarte, who serves as the branch manager, will be responsible for administration of all daily operations. These include building personal relationships with customers and integrating into the community to ensure area residents receive a superior level of individualized loan services that meet their unique financial needs.

    “Lendmark’s growth shows many consumers need additional financial service options to manage planned and unplanned life events without depleting their savings,” said Chad DeBoard, Vice President of Branch Operations at Lendmark. “Our team will bring our customer-first, relationship-based approach to Muscle Shoals, delivering personalized and convenient solutions that meet the respective financial needs of this community’s residents.”

    Lendmark also provides financing solutions for thousands of retailers and independent auto dealerships, allowing these businesses’ customers to obtain Lendmark financing. Local businesses that are interested in partnering with Lendmark to service this need should visit the branch or call 256-248-9585.

    Lendmark remains dedicated to giving back through its signature cause-related initiative, ‘Climb to Cure.’ The company has committed to raising $10 million by 2025 to mark its 10-year anniversary partnering with CURE Childhood Cancer. So far, Lendmark’s employees, partners and customers have raised $8.83 million to support CURE, an Atlanta-based nonprofit dedicated to funding targeted pediatric cancer research that is utilized nationwide.

    Lendmark customers can participate by donating $1 when closing their loan. Lendmark matches the donation.

    About Lendmark Financial Services
    Lendmark Financial Services (Lendmark) provides personal and household credit and loan solutions to consumers. Founded in 1996, Lendmark strives to be the lender, employer, and partner of choice by protecting household wealth, offering stability and helping consumers meet both planned and unplanned life events through affordable loan offerings. Today, Lendmark operates more than 515 branches in 22 states across the country, providing personalized services to customers and retail business partners with every transaction. Lendmark is headquartered in Lawrenceville, Ga. For more information, visit http://www.lendmarkfinancial.com.

    Media Contact
    Jeffrey Hamilton
    Senior Manager, Corporate Communications
    jhamilton@lendmarkfinancial.com
    678-625-3128

    A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/156ef33e-22af-42f3-805e-b379a8ff322a

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI Security: Defense News: Readout of Chief of Naval Operations Adm. Lisa Franchetti’s Meeting with Chief of Naval Staff of Nigeria Vice Adm. Emmanuel Ogalla

    Source: United States Navy

    Chief of Naval Operations Spokesperson Cmdr. Desiree Frame provided the following readout:

    Chief of Naval Operations Adm. Lisa Franchetti met Chief of Naval Staff of Nigeria Vice Adm. Emmanuel Ogalla for a formal bilateral engagement during the 14th Trans-Regional Seapower Symposium in Venice, Italy, today.

    The two leaders discussed their enduring partnership, how U.S Navy ship visits and collaboration demonstrate their shared commitment to security and stability in the region, and opportunities to increase maritime cooperation and counter piracy efforts in the Gulf of Guinea.

    Franchetti thanked Ogalla for Nigeria’s leadership in promoting maritime cooperation during exercises such as Obangame Express.    

    The CNO also discussed her recently-released strategic guidance: the Navigation Plan for America’s Warfighting Navy, and ways to advance their shared interests, specifically with an increased focus on Maritime Operations Centers and the use of Robotic and Autonomous Systems to enhance maritime domain awareness.

    The United States and Nigeria are strong partners committed to fostering regional stability and enhancing collective security efforts.

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-Evening Report: AI is a multi-billion dollar industry. It’s underpinned by an invisible and exploited workforce

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Ganna Pogrebna, Executive Director, AI and Cyber Futures Institute, Charles Sturt University

    Olena Yakobchuk/Shutterstock

    In dusty factories, cramped internet cafes and makeshift home offices around the world, millions of people sit at computers tediously labelling data.

    These workers are the lifeblood of the burgeoning artificial intelligence (AI) industry. Without them, products such as ChatGPT simply would not exist. That’s because the data they label helps AI systems “learn”.

    But despite the vital contribution this workforce makes to an industry which is expected to be worth US$407 billion by 2027, the people who comprise it are largely invisible and frequently exploited. Earlier this year nearly 100 data labellers and AI workers from Kenya who do work for companies like Facebook, Scale AI and OpenAI published an open letter to United States President Joe Biden in which they said:

    Our working conditions amount to modern day slavery.

    To ensure AI supply chains are ethical, industry and governments must urgently address this problem. But the key question is: how?

    What is data labelling?

    Data labelling is the process of annotating raw data — such as images, video or text — so that AI systems can recognise patterns and make predictions.

    Self-driving cars, for example, rely on labelled video footage to distinguish pedestrians from road signs. Large language models such as ChatGPT rely on labelled text to understand human language.

    These labelled datasets are the lifeblood of AI models. Without them, AI systems would be unable to function effectively.

    Tech giants like Meta, Google, OpenAI and Microsoft outsource much of this work to data labelling factories in countries such as the Philippines, Kenya, India, Pakistan, Venezuela and Colombia.

    China is also becoming another global hub for data labelling.

    Outsourcing companies that facilitate this work include Scale AI, iMerit, and Samasource. These are very large companies in their own right. For example, Scale AI, which is headquartered in California, is now worth US$14 billion.

    Cutting corners

    Major tech firms like Alphabet (the parent company of Google), Amazon, Microsoft, Nvidia and Meta have poured billions into AI infrastructure, from computational power and data storage to emerging computational technologies.

    Large-scale AI models can cost tens of millions of dollars to train. Once deployed, maintaining these models requires continuous investment in data labelling, refinement and real-world testing.

    But while AI investment is significant, revenues have not always met expectations. Many industries continue to view AI projects as experimental with unclear profitability paths.

    In response, many companies are cutting costs which affect those at the very bottom of the AI supply chain who are often highly vulnerable: data labellers.

    Low wages, dangerous working conditions

    One way companies involved in the AI supply chain try to reduce costs is by employing large numbers of data labellers in countries in the Global South such as the Philippines, Venezuela, Kenya and India. Workers in these countries face stagnating or shrinking wages.

    For example, an hourly rate for AI data labellers in Venezuela ranges from between 90 cents and US$2. In comparison, in the United States, this rate is between US$10 to US$25 per hour.

    In the Philippines, workers labelling data for multi-billion dollar companies such as Scale AI often earn far below the minimum wage.

    Some labelling providers even resort to child labour for labelling purposes.

    But there are many other labour issues within the AI supply chain.

    Many data labellers work in overcrowded and dusty environments which pose a serious risk to their health. They also often work as independent contractors, lacking access to protections such as health care or compensation.

    The mental toll of data labelling work is also significant, with repetitive tasks, strict deadlines and rigid quality controls. Data labellers are also sometimes asked to read and label hate speech or other abusive language or material, which has been proven to have negative psychological effects.

    Errors can lead to pay cuts or job losses. But labellers often experience lack of transparency on how their work is evaluated. They are often denied access to performance data, hindering their ability to improve or contest decisions.

    Making AI supply chains ethical

    As AI development becomes more complex and companies strive to maximise profits, the need for ethical AI supply chains is urgent.

    One way companies can help ensure this is by applying a human right-centreed design, deliberation and oversight approach to the entire AI supply chain. They must adopt fair wage policies, ensuring data labellers receive living wages that reflect the value of their contributions.

    By embedding human rights into the supply chain, AI companies can foster a more ethical, sustainable industry, ensuring that both workers’ rights and corporate responsibility align with long-term success.

    Governments should also create new regulation which mandates these practices, encouraging fairness and transparency. This includes transparency in performance evaluation and personal data processing, allowing workers to understand how they are assessed and to contest any inaccuracies.

    Clear payment systems and recourse mechanisms will ensure workers are treated fairly. Instead of busting unions, as Scale AI did in Kenya in 2024, companies should also support the formation of digital labour unions or cooperatives. This will give workers a voice to advocate for better working conditions.

    As users of AI products, we all can advocate for ethical practices by supporting companies that are transparent about their AI supply chains and commit to fair treatment of workers. Just as we reward green and fair trade producers of physical goods, we can push for change by choosing digital services or apps on our smartphones that adhere to human rights standards, promoting ethical brands through social media, and voting with our dollars for accountability from tech giants on a daily basis.

    By making informed choices, we all can contribute to more ethical practices across the AI industry.

    Ganna Pogrebna does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. AI is a multi-billion dollar industry. It’s underpinned by an invisible and exploited workforce – https://theconversation.com/ai-is-a-multi-billion-dollar-industry-its-underpinned-by-an-invisible-and-exploited-workforce-240568

    MIL OSI Analysis – EveningReport.nz –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: WTO Chairs Programme expands academic network to under-represented regions

    Source: World Trade Organization

    Following the addition of these five universities, the programme’s network will comprise a total of 40 Chairs. This expansion is anticipated to strengthen the impact of regional and global initiatives within the network and to promote deeper collaboration and knowledge sharing among academics, policymakers and trade experts.

    The five selected institutions will join the programme’s next four-year cycle, which is slated to begin in 2025. They will contribute to the programme’s research, curriculum development and outreach and will benefit from mentoring provided by other Chairs to ease their integration into the network. They will also engage in collaborative events, conferences and seminars to extend the academic and practical impact of their work on trade policies at the national and international levels.

    The fourth cycle of the WTO Chairs Programme also marks a transition to a more frequent admission of institutions into the network to further the global reach and impact of the programme. Greater synergies with the WTO’s other technical assistance activities are also anticipated.

    This expansion builds on the WTO’s longstanding efforts to ensure that academic institutions play a crucial role in shaping trade policy and deepening the understanding of the multilateral trading system. Funded by France, Austria, the Republic of Korea and Australia, the WTO Chairs Programme has grown from strength to strength as it seeks to address current and emerging global trade challenges.

    The selection of universities follows a rigorous review process of applications led by the WTO Chairs Programme Academic Advisory Board.

    More information about the Chairs Programme is available here.

    Selected institutions

    Member

    Academic Institution

    Dominican Republic

    Universidad Iberoamericana

    Nigeria

    Nnamdi Azikiwe University

    Qatar

    Hamad Bin Khalifa University

    Togo

    Université de Lomé

    Vanuatu

    National University of Vanuatu

    Share

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: African Development Bank appoints Nnenna Nwabufo as Vice President for Regional Development, Integration and Business Delivery

    Source: African Development Bank Group

    The African Development Bank Group has appointed Nnenna Lily Nwabufo as Vice President for Regional Development, Integration and Business Delivery, effective 04 October.

    Nwabufo, a Nigerian national and seasoned executive, brings over 33 years of expertise in financial management, budget planning, human resource management, corporate services, and regional operations.

    Since joining the Bank in 1991, she has held various managerial roles, including Acting Vice President for Corporate Services in May 2015.  In January 2021, she was appointed Director General for East Africa, where she led the Bank Group’s strategic objective of achieving developmental impact in the region’s 13 countries, ensuring the growth of sovereign and non-sovereign operations.

    Nwabufo holds a Bachelor of Science degree in Economics from the University of Lagos, Nigeria, and an MBA from Henley Management College in the United Kingdom.

    Commenting on her new role, Nwabufo stated, “I look forward to working closely with the president, the Boards of Directors, fellow senior managers, and our talented staff to continue advancing the Bank’s development mission. Together, we will strengthen partnerships, ensure operational efficiency, and drive sustainable, inclusive growth across Africa.”

    The President of the African Development Bank Group, Dr. Akinwumi A. Adesina said: “I am delighted to appoint Mrs. Nnenna Lily Nwabufo as Vice President for the Regional Development, Integration and Business Delivery. Nnenna brings deep knowledge of the Bank, vast senior management experience in different parts of the Bank, from finance to human resources, corporate services, budget management, and operations, which will be highly valuable in her new role in charge of country and regional operations and offices. I am confident that Nnenna’s managerial and leadership skills and deep operational experience will support all the Bank’s sector Vice Presidents to deliver and manage their operations and portfolios more effectively on the ground and deepen policy dialogues across countries and regions.”

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: Appointment of Senior Vice President Mrs. Marie-Laure Akin-Olugbade

    Source: African Development Bank Group
    The African Development Bank Group is pleased to announce the appointment of Mrs. Marie-Laure Akin-Olugbade, as Senior Vice President, with effect from 4th October 2024.
    Mrs. Marie-Laure Akin-Olugbade, a Cameroonian national, was serving as Vice President for Regional Development, Integration and Business Delivery at the Bank.

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: African Development Bank appoints Mr. Mtchera Johannes CHIRWA Acting Director for the Water and Sanitation Department

    Source: African Development Bank Group
    The African Development Bank has appointed Mtchera Johannes Chirwa Acting Director for the Water and Sanitation Department effective 1 August 2024.
    Chirwa, a Malawian national, is currently Coordinator of the African Water Facility , a Special Fund of the African Development Bank created in 2004 within its Water and Sanitation…

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION The cases of unjustly imprisoned Uyghurs in China, notably Ilham Tohti and Gulshan Abbas – B10-0101/2024

    Source: European Parliament

    with request for inclusion in the agenda for a debate on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law

    Erik Marquardt, Ville Niinistö, Anna Cavazzini, Markéta Gregorová, Nicolae Ştefănuță, Mounir Satouri, Marie Toussaint, Kira Marie Peter‑Hansen, Rasmus Nordqvist, Villy Søvndal, Catarina Vieira, Majdouline Sbai
    on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group

    B10‑0101/2024

    Motion for a European Parliament resolution on the cases of unjustly imprisoned Uyghurs in China, notably Ilham Tohti and Gulshan Abbas.

    (2024/2857(RSP))

    The European Parliament,

    –  having regard to Rules 150 of its Rules of Procedure;

     

    A. whereas the UN attested that the serious and systemic human rights violations against the Uyghurs in Xinjiang may amount to crimes against humanity;

     

    B. whereas on 23 September 2014, Uyghur economist and human rights activist Ilham Tohti was sentenced to life due to his work to foster dialogue and understanding between Uyghurs and Han Chinese; whereas his imprisonment marked the start of the “Strike Hard Campaign against Violent Terrorism” in Xinjiang; whereas he was awarded the European Parliament Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought in 2019;

     

    C. whereas Gulshan Abbas went missing in 2018; whereas there were credible indications she had been sentenced to 20 years in prison in a secret trial, most likely in retaliation for the human rights advocacy conducted by her sister, Rushan Abbas, on behalf of the Uyghurs;

     

    1. Urges the PRC to immediately and unconditionally release Ilham Tohti and Gulshan Abbas, and to stop harassing their families; urges the PRC to respect and restore families’ rights to visit detainees, including virtual communication;

     

    2. Urges the PRC to cease the brutal repression in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Hong Kong, and to release all arbitrarily detained activists, among others, Ekpar Asat, Rahile Dawut, Jimmy Lai, Chow Hang-tung, Anya Sengdra,  Chadrel Rinpoche, Chen Yunfei, Ding Jiaxi, Ding Yuande, Gao Zhisheng, Go Sherab Gyatso, Golog Palden, He Fangmei, Huang Qi, Huang Xueqin, Hushtar Isa, Yalkun Isa, Li Yanhe, Peng Lifa, Qin Yongming, Qin Yongpei, Ruan Xiaohuan, Semkyi Dolma, Tashi Dorje, Tashpolat Tiyip, Wang Bingzhang, Wang Jianbing, Pastor Wang Yi, Kamile Wayit, Xu Na, Xu Qin, Xu Yan, Xu Zhiyong, Yang Henjung, Yang Maodong, Yu Wensheng, and Pastor Zhang Chunlei and Zhang Zhan;

     

    3. Condemns the extraterritorial repression against Chinese dissidents or the Uyghur community abroad; calls on the Member States to suspend extradition treaties with the PRC;

     

    4. Stresses that, in March 2021, the EU adopted human rights sanctions against Chinese officials and entities responsible for the violations against Uyghurs; recalls that China immediately and unjustifiably sanctioned 5 MEPs, the DROI subcommittee, national MPs and prominent think tanks among others, and that those sanctions are still in place;

     

    5. Stresses that the continuous and serious deterioration of human rights in China will have consequences for the bilateral EU-China relations; expresses strong disappointment about the latest EU-China Human Rights Dialogue, the fact that the EU did not demand information on Tohti’s health conditions as a pre-condition;

     

    6. Welcomes the adoption of a forced labour import ban by the EU and insists on the allocation of adequate financing for its implementation; is alarmed at the increase of exports from Xinjiang to the EU by 140% this year; condemns the unfounded claims by Volkswagen that its Xinjiang factories are forced-labour-free and that the audit failed to meet international standards;

     

    7. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council, the Commission, the HR/VP, the PRC and the UN.

     

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION on the cases of unjustly imprisoned Uyghurs in China, notably Ilham Tohti and Gulshan Abbas – B10-0115/2024

    Source: European Parliament

    with request for inclusion in the agenda for a debate on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law
    pursuant to Rule 150 of the Rules of Procedure

    Petras Auštrevičius, Malik Azmani, Helmut Brandstätter, Benoit Cassart, Olivier Chastel, Engin Eroglu, Svenja Hahn, Karin Karlsbro, Ilhan Kyuchyuk, Nathalie Loiseau, Urmas Paet, Hilde Vautmans, Lucia Yar
    on behalf of the Renew Group

    Document selected :  

    B10-0115/2024

    Texts tabled :

    B10-0115/2024

    Texts adopted :

    B10‑0115/2024

    Motion for a European Parliament resolution on the cases of unjustly imprisoned Uyghurs in China, notably Ilham Tohti and Gulshan Abbas

    (2024/2857(RSP))

    The European Parliament,

    –  having regard to the 2019 Sakharov Prize to Ilham Tohti, an economist fighting peacefully for the rights of China’s Uyghur minority,

    –  having regard to Rules 150 of its Rules of Procedure; 

     

    1. whereas respect for human rights, democracy, and the rule of law is a major preoccupation of the EU relations with the PRC;
    2. Whereas China systemically persecutes Uyghurs, Tibetans, Mongols and other minorities, human rights and democracy defenders, religious groups, and journalists, especially in Xinjiang, Tibet, Hong Kong and Macao;
    3. whereas in 2014 Ilham Tohti was sentenced to life imprisonment for ‘separatism’ and in 2019 Gulshan Abbas was sentenced to 20 years after her sister spoke publicly about the situation in Xinjiang; whereas both are held incommunicado and their health is deteriorating;
    4. Whereas the Xinjiang Police Files provide evidence of the involvement of the Central Government in Beijing and Xinjiang Region officials in the mass internment of 1-2 million Uyghurs and others;
    5. Whereas the PRC stifles discussion of these repressions through massive censorship on social media and in academia;

     

    1. Strongly condemns the persecution of Uyghurs in the Xinjiang Region and the systematic human rights violations, including forced labour, sterilisations and acculturation and destruction of cultural heritage, that amount to crimes against humanity and genocide;
    2. Reiterates its call for the immediate and unconditional release of unjustly imprisoned Ilham Tohti and Gulshan Abbas and to ensure their regular contact with family and lawyers, and medical care;
    3. Urges the PRC and local authorities to cease its brutal repression in Xinjiang, Tibet, and Hong Kong, and for the release of all arbitrarily detained activists, including Ekpar Asat, Rahile Dawut, Jimmy Lai, Chow Hang-tung, Anya Sengdra,  Chadrel Rinpoche, Chen Yunfei, Ding Jiaxi, Ding Yuande, Gao Zhisheng, Go Sherab Gyatso, Golog Palden, He Fangmei, Huang Qi, Huang Xueqin, Hushtar Isa, Yalkun Isa, Li Yanhe, Peng Lifa, Qin Yongming, Qin Yongpei, Ruan Xiaohuan, Semkyi Dolma, Tashi Dorje, Tashpolat Tiyip, Wang Bingzhang, Wang Jianbing, Pastor Wang Yi, Kamile Wayit, Xu Na, Xu Qin, Xu Yan, Xu Zhiyong, Yang Henjung, Yang Maodong, Yu Wensheng, Pastor Zhang Chunlei Zhang Zhan,  and EU citizen Gui Minhai as well as ending the harassment of their families and providing information about their location as well as medical conditions while allowing contact with their families;
    4. Calls for establishing an independent international mechanism to investigate allegations of human rights violations in Xinjiang; urges the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights to provide an update on the situation in Xinjiang and recommendations for holding the Chinese government accountable;
    5. Regrets that the EU-China Human Rights Dialogue lacks goodwill on the part of China and does not produce tangible results; calls on the HR/VP to invite MEPs to this Dialogue and to initiate further human rights sanctions on all PRC officials involved in human rights abuses in Xinjiang and elsewhere in China;
    6. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council, the Commission, the Member States, the HR/VP, the PRC and the UN.

     

     

    Last updated: 8 October 2024

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION Iraq, notably the situation of women’s rights and the recent proposal to amend the Personal Status Law – B10-0091/2024

    Source: European Parliament

    with request for inclusion in the agenda for a debate on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law
    pursuant to Rule 150 of the Rules of Procedure

    Abir Al‑Sahlani, Petras Auštrevičius, Malik Azmani, Benoit Cassart, Olivier Chastel, Raquel García Hermida‑Van Der Walle, Svenja Hahn, Karin Karlsbro, Ilhan Kyuchyuk, Nathalie Loiseau, Jan‑Christoph Oetjen, Urmas Paet, Hilde Vautmans, Lucia Yar
    on behalf of the Renew Group

    Document selected :  

    B10-0091/2024

    Texts tabled :

    B10-0091/2024

    Texts adopted :

    B10‑0091/2024

    Motion for a European Parliament resolution on Iraq, notably the situation of women’s rights and the recent proposal to amend the Personal Status Law

    (2024/2858(RSP))

    The European Parliament,

    – having regard to its previous resolutions on Iraq;

    – having regard to Rules 150 of its Rules of Procedure;

    1. whereas Iraq is drafting a new, highly restrictive bill on women’s rights amending Personal Status law 188/1959; whereas family matters, including on marriage, divorce and child custody, would effectively fall under the remit of religious courts rather than civil courts, entailing disturbing discrepancies along religious and socio-economic lines; whereas the minimum legal age for girls to marry would be nine years and there are fears of increased violence against women in the future; whereas the Supreme Court approved the most problematic amendments before a third reading which was postponed on October 2nd;whereas the situation of women rights in Iraq was already under heavy criticism before;
    2. whereas Iraq’s UN mission UNITAD, which worked on sexual crimes committed by Daesh against women, particularly Yazidis, has had to close on September 17, 2024 following the decision, supported by Russia and China, to discontinue their UNSC mandate a year ago; whereas Iraq’s UN Mission UNAMI will also have to close in 2025, while UNICEF has been downsizing; whereas all mentions of gender have since been deleted from public reports, including on sexual crimes and women’s role in conflict resolution, at the request of Iraqi authorities; whereas since April 2024 a new law has criminalized the LGBTQ community with up to 15 years in prison; whereas last August, on the event of the ten year commemoration of the Daesh massacre of the Yazidi people in Iraq, Kurdish Iraqi politicians shared hate speech against them ahead of elections;
    1. urges the EU High Representative to publically deplore Iraq’s repressive personal status bill and underlines that the bill would violate Iraq’s international obligations as regards women’s fundamental rights;
    2. calls on the EU delegation to Iraq to intensify its dialogue with Iraqi civil society on the bill, and to pre-condition development grants to judicial training and the establishment of women shelters;
    3. calls to reinforce EU-Iraq cooperation in criminal justice reform, notably to include internationally recognised criminal offenses, notably the use of sexual violence in armed conflicts, to fight impunity for crimes committed by Daesh against women and girls; calls on Iraqi authorities to refer to relevant and competent organisations to specifically train judges and prosecutors on sexual and gender-based violence;
    4. urges EU-Iraq security and counter-terrorism partnerships to include, as strategic priority, the prosecution of international crimes that include sexual and gender-based violence;
    5. calls for a reinforced partnership with the Human rights committee of Iraq’s Parliament, involving legal experts in the process of cancelling the bill, to align with international obligations, in particular on forced marriage and the rights of women and girls, in line with the Convention for the Elimination of Discriminations against Women;
    6. is highly concerned by the lack of legal protection for domestic violence against women and children;
    7. instructs its President to translate this resolution into Arabic and forward it to Iraq’s Parliament and Government.
    Last updated: 8 October 2024

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION the case of Bülent Mumay in Türkiye – B10-0097/2024

    Source: European Parliament

    with request for inclusion in the agenda for a debate on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law

    Lucia Yar, Petras Auštrevičius, Malik Azmani, Helmut Brandstätter, Benoit Cassart, Olivier Chastel, Engin Eroglu, Svenja Hahn, Karin Karlsbro, Nathalie Loiseau, Jan‑Christoph Oetjen, Hilde Vautmans
    on behalf of the Renew Group

    B10‑0097/2024

    Motion for a European Parliament resolution on the case of Bülent Mumay in Türkiye

    (2024/2856(RSP))

    The European Parliament,

    – having regard to the Türkiye’s international legal obligations and to its own domestic constitutional and legal stipulations to uphold the rule of law, respect for due process protect human rights;

    – having regard to Rule 150 of the Rules of Procedure;

    A. whereas the 20 month prison sentence against journalist Bülent Mumay was upheld in an appeal court on 20th August;

    B. whereas the charges against Mumay focus on his alleged “illegally obtaining or disseminating personal data”,  and constitutes an attempt to suppress press freedom and freedom of expression in Türkiye;

    C. whereas on May 20, 2024, Turkish court further censored Mumay with the removal of his tweets and blocking access to news reports;

    D. whereas the process against Mumay is in line with the broader effort of the Turkish government’s to intimidate independent journalists through legal threats, censorship, and financial pressure, including those residing abroad, thereby undermining democratic discourse and accountability in the country; whereas the Turkish government has closed dozens of media outlets, routinely blocks online articles, is reported to control 85% of national media; whereas it passed a so-called “disinformation law” in 2022 and is reportedly planning to introduce a “foreign agent law” by the end of 2024, further undermining the freedom of press;

    E. whereas Türkiye as a long-standing member of the Council of Europe is expected to apply to the highest democratic standards and practices, including the press freedom and freedom of expression;

    1. condemns the prison sentence of Bülent Mumay not only as a serious infringement of his personal rights but also on the wider respect for press freedom and freedom of speech in Türkiye and urges the Turkish authorities to review his case and uphold the respect for human rights, the rule of law including the fundamental freedoms and the freedom of speech;

    2. calls on the Turkish government to end the systematic targeting of journalists and reiterates its profound concern at the on-going deterioration in press freedom in Türkiye as per the official records of independent organisations dedicated to protect journalists such as Reporters Without Borders (RSF) and the Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ); condemns the use of arbitrary detention, judicial and administrative harassment, censorship, and financial coercion as the means of curbing investigative journalism;

    3. express full solidarity with Bülent Mumay and the other journalists, who also have been prosecuted, jailed or faced other forms of intimidation; urges Türkiye to stop deporting exiled Syrian journalists to their country of origin where they face grave danger;

    4. points out that this decision  reconfirms the authoritarian character of the current political leadership in Türkiye, which imposes a violent crackdown of political opponents, fundamental rights activists and minorities and shows the lack of willingness of the government to make real reforms in the field of fundamental rights and rule of law;

    5. instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council, Commission, HRVP, and the President, Government and Parliament of Turkey and asks for this resolution to be translated into Turkish language.

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Nigeria

    Source: New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade – Safe Travel

    • Reviewed: 4 October 2024, 15:33 NZDT
    • Still current at: 8 October 2024

    Related news features

    If you are planning international travel at this time, please read our COVID-19 related travel advice here, alongside our destination specific travel advice below.

    Do not travel to the states of Abia, Adamawa, Akwa Ibom, Anambra, Bauchi, Bayelsa, Borno, Delta, Gombe, Imo, Jigawa, Kaduna, Kano, Katsina, Kebbi, Niger, Plateau, Rivers (including Port Harcourt and Bonny Island), the river areas of Cross River state, Sokoto, Taraba, Yobe and Zamfara. There is an ongoing significant threat from terrorism and a very high threat of kidnapping, localised conflict, and armed attacks in these areas. The security situation is volatile. If you are in one of these areas you should consider departing as soon as it is safe to do so. (Level 4 of 4).

    Avoid non-essential travel elsewhere in Nigeria (except the cities of Calabar, Abuja and Lagos), due to the threat from terrorism, kidnapping and violent crime (level 3 of 4).

    Exercise increased caution in the cities of Calabar, Abuja and Lagos due to the threat of terrorism and violent crime (level 2 of 4).

    Nigeria

    Terrorism
    There is a very high threat from terrorism, especially in northern and northeastern states, and bandit groups are increasingly active in the northwest. No location in Nigeria should be viewed as being outside the scope of terrorist groups. Terror attacks occur very regularly in Nigeria. There have been many serious attacks which have resulted in a significant number of deaths and injuries. The terrorist group Boko Haram regularly mounts large-scale attacks in Nigeria, including bombings, gun assaults, assassinations, arson and mass kidnappings. Future attacks are highly probable, most likely by Boko Haram or Islamic State West Africa (ISWA). Attacks by bandit groups on civilians, motorists and local communities can involve gunfire, explosives, machetes and kidnapping.

    Most attacks take place in areas where we advise Do Not Travel, future attacks could occur anywhere in Nigeria. The Federal Capital Territory (Abuja) has been targeted in several attacks in recent years, resulting in high numbers of deaths and injuries. Further attacks in Abuja, Lagos and elsewhere are likely and could be indiscriminate.

    Armed groups often target transport routes. Avoid intercity transport via road or rail. If despite our advice you undertake travel within Nigeria, we advise that you seek professional security advice and support before departing.

    Other common targets include churches and mosques during times of worship, government and security institutions, hotels, restaurants, shopping centres, markets, educational facilities and police stations. Many attacks have occurred around religious or public holidays or festivals in public and crowded places. We advise New Zealanders to remain vigilant at all times. Locations frequented by foreigners have been attacked and may be targeted again. 

    Military operations against Boko Haram in northern and north-eastern parts of Nigeria are ongoing. New Zealanders in Nigeria should be aware that any increase in violence between security forces and terrorist groups is likely to increase the possibility of terrorism throughout Nigeria.

    Local authorities in Nigeria often impose, amend and lift curfews in response to security incidents at short notice. New Zealanders in areas affected by violence are advised to monitor local media for the latest information on possible curfews and restrictions on movement, and follow any advice from local authorities.

    Local authorities may also interrupt telecommunication services in the northeastern states without notice and for indeterminate periods of time. Neighbouring states may also be affected by these disruptions.

    New Zealanders throughout Nigeria are also advised to keep themselves informed of potential risks to safety and security by monitoring the media and other local information sources.

    Kidnapping
    There is a high threat of kidnapping throughout Nigeria, particularly in North and North-Eastern Nigeria and in the Niger Delta states. Attacks are often indiscriminate – residents and foreigners alike have been abducted and held captive, with some deaths being reported. Humanitarian aid workers may be targeted.

    There is an increasing risk of kidnapping by bandit groups throughout Nigeria, including in Abuja and Lagos. Kidnappers often target transport routes.

    Expatriate workers at oil and gas facilities in the Niger Delta states are at particular risk of kidnapping, which is typically financially motivated. New Zealanders working in the Niger Delta states against our advice are advised to seek professional security advice and ensure appropriate personal security measures are in place at all times.

    Violent Crime
    There are high rates of violent crime such as armed robbery, home invasion, mugging, carjacking, sexual assault and violent assault throughout Nigeria. Crime is more prevalent at night, particularly in urban areas, such as Lagos, and on the main highways.

    New Zealanders in Nigeria are advised to be security conscious at all times and should avoid walking and travelling at night, particularly to isolated areas. No resistance should be given if you are the victim of a robbery, mugging or carjacking as this could lead to an escalation in violence. As victims of robbery are often targeted due to their perceived wealth, it is advisable to avoid wearing or displaying items that appear valuable, such as electronic devices and jewellery. We also recommend carrying the minimum amount of cash required.   

    When driving you should keep doors locked, windows up and keep any valuables out of sight. Don’t use public transportation throughout Nigeria due to safety reasons. We recommend using prearranged transport only or making bookings through your hotel.

    Civil Unrest
    Numerous deaths and injuries have occurred as a result of violent civil unrest and inter-communal violence in Nigeria in recent years.  In the past government security forces have sometimes used live ammunition to disperse demonstrations. There is an ongoing heightened risk of violence, particularly in central and northern regions. Bystanders can get caught up in the violence directed at others. 

    New Zealanders are advised to avoid all large public gatherings, protests, demonstrations and political rallies as even those intended to be peaceful  have the potential to turn  violent. If you are in an area affected by unrest, you should leave the immediate vicinity, stay indoors and monitor local media to stay informed of developments.

    Piracy
    Piracy, including against off-shore oil rigs, is a significant problem in Nigerian waters. There have been armed robberies targeting ships in the coastal areas of the Gulf of Guinea, including in the Niger Delta region.

    Mariners are advised to take appropriate precautionary measures. For more information view the International Maritime Bureau’s piracy report. 

    Scams
    Commercial and internet fraud is common in Nigeria, including internet relationship scams. New Zealanders should be wary of any offers that seem too good to be true, as they may be a scam. For further information see our advice on Internet Fraud and International Scams and Internet dating scams.

    General Information
    As there is no New Zealand diplomatic presence in Nigeria, the ability of the government to provide assistance to New Zealand citizens is severely limited, particularly in areas where we advise against all travel.

    We offer advice to New Zealanders about contingency planning that travellers to Nigeria should consider.

    Modesty and discretion should be exercised in both dress and behaviour in Nigeria to avoid offending local sensitivities. Sharia law operates in many Northern states. Same-sex relationships are illegal in all parts of Nigeria.

    Photography of airports, government buildings and military installations is illegal, and can result in fines or imprisonment.

    Penalties for possession, use or trafficking of illegal drugs are severe and can include lengthy imprisonment or fines.

    Keep your passport in a safe place and only carry a photocopy for identification purposes. Checkpoints operate throughout the country. Police officers and individuals posing as police officers have been known to solicit bribes. New Zealanders should carry relevant personal identification and vehicle registration papers with them at all times.

    The possession, sale and export of African art, particularly antiquities, without authorisation may carry heavy penalties.

    New Zealanders travelling or living in Nigeria should have a comprehensive travel insurance policy in place that includes provision for medical evacuation by air.

    New Zealanders in Nigeria are strongly encouraged to register their details with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade.

     

    Travel tips

    The New Zealand Embassy Addis Ababa, Ethiopia is accredited to Nigeria

    Street Address Bole Sub City, Woreda 03, House No 111, Behind Atlas Hotel/close to Shala Park, (Namibia Street), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Postal Address New Zealand Embassy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade, Private Bag 18-901 Wellington Mail Centre 5045, Wellington Telephone +251-11-515-1269 Fax +251-11-552-6115 Email aue@mfat.govt.nz Web Site https://www.mfat.govt.nz/ethiopia Hours Open to the public: Monday – Friday, 9am-12pm by appointment Note In an emergency or if you require urgent assistance after hours, please call the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade’s 24/7 Consular Emergency line on +64 99 20 20 20.

    See our regional advice for Africa

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    MIL OSI New Zealand News –

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Ghana

    Source: New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade – Safe Travel

    Ghana

    Terrorism
     Terrorist attacks are possible in Ghana. There is a heightened risk of terrorist attacks in the northern areas of Ghana which border neighbouring countries, particularly Burkina Faso, where armed groups and militias are active.

    MIL OSI New Zealand News –

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Israel, the Occupied Palestinian Territories and Iran: Security Situation

    Source: New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade – Safe Travel

    Israel, the Occupied Palestinian Territories and Iran: Security Situation

    On 7 October 2023, rockets were fired from Gaza across southern and central Israel, including Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. There is currently a large-scale ongoing conflict occurring in areas of southern Israel close to the border with Gaza and within Gaza. Israel has expanded its ground operations in Gaza and military operations are ongoing.

    There are also ongoing Israeli military airstrikes in southern Beirut and southern Lebanon as well as regular exchanges of mortar and artillery fire. We are providing more information on the security situation in Lebanon here.

    The security situation remains highly volatile and fluid. New Zealanders should leave Israel, the Occupied Palestinian Territories, Lebanon and Iran now, while options remain available. International borders (air and land) could close at short notice. Your travel may be impacted.

    Regional tensions in the Middle East are high and could escalate quickly, and the security situation could deteriorate further with little or no notice. In an attack or other armed conflict, you should follow the advice of local authorities. Increased tensions may also result in airspace closures, flight cancellations and diversions and other travel disruptions.

    Demonstrations and unrest linked to the situation in the Middle East are occurring in countries worldwide. If you’re travelling overseas, it’s important to be aware of your surroundings and follow the instructions of the local authorities. Monitor local and international media for information about possible safety or security risks.

    Departures – Israel
    New Zealanders who are wanting to leave Israel, but are unable to, can contact the New Zealand 24/7 consular emergency line on + 64 99 20 20 20.

    Flight schedules and operations could change or be interrupted at any time. We strongly recommend that New Zealanders in Israel depart now, while options remain available.

    Departures – Occupied Palestinian Territories
     Options to depart the Occupied Palestinian Territories are extremely limited.

    If you are a New Zealander in the Occupied Palestinian Territories and wish to depart, please contact the New Zealand 24/7 consular emergency line on + 64 99 20 20 20.

    Iran
    Regional tensions in the Middle East are high and could escalate quickly. This may result in airspace closures, flight cancellations, diversions and other travel disruptions.

    The security situation could deteriorate further with little or no notice. In an attack or other armed conflict, support from the New Zealand government may be limited.  

    Current advice for New Zealanders in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories
    Read our full updated travel advisory here. New Zealanders in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories should adhere to any restrictions and instructions issued by the local authorities, such as curfews and travel restrictions. Areas of military activity should be avoided at all times. If you are in an affected area, shelter in place until it is safe to leave.

    New Zealanders throughout the region are advised to remain security conscious. The security situation remains volatile, and violence could escalate at short notice. Should New Zealanders wish to remain in Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories against our advice, we advise you to monitor the media and stay informed of developments. Please also contact your loved ones back home to let them know that you are safe.

    We provide general advice on contingency planning for New Zealanders overseas to consider here.

    Advice for New Zealanders considering travel elsewhere in the Middle East
     If you are currently travelling in, or considering travel to, other countries in the region, you should read our travel advice before travelling for the latest information. Make sure you register your details on SafeTravel so that you receive any updates to our advice while travelling.

    Monitor the media to stay informed about current events in your travel destination.

    All New Zealanders travelling overseas should take out comprehensive travel insurance.

    Consular Assistance
     If you require consular assistance, please contact the New Zealand 24/7 Consular Emergency Line on +64 99 20 20 20.

    The New Zealand Embassy in Ankara, Türkiye covers Israel and can be contacted at +90 312 446 3333 or at newzealandembassyankara@gmail.com.

    The New Zealand Embassy in Cairo, Egypt covers the Occupied Palestinian Territories and can be contacted at +202 2461 9186 or at enquiries@nzembassy.org.eg.

    The New Zealand Embassy in Tehran, Iran can be contacted on +98 212 273 5962 or at nzembassytehran@hotmail.co.nz

    Associated Advisories:

    Reviewed:2 Oct 2024, 18:01

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    MIL OSI New Zealand News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Ernst Grades Biden-Harris Middle East Policy an “F”

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator Joni Ernst (R-IA)
    WASHINGTON – On the one-year anniversary of the barbaric Oct. 7 attacks by Iran-backed Hamas, U.S. Senator Joni Ernst (R-Iowa) analyzed Joe Biden and Kamala Harris’ five goals for the Middle East outlined in their 2022 National Security Strategy.
    Based on their selected objectives of supporting allies, deterring adversaries, promoting regional stability, strengthening partnerships, and protecting basic human rights, Senator Ernst detailed how the White House has come up short at every turn. She pointed out that they have withheld critical weapons from our ally Israel, allowed Houthi rebels to terrorize shipping lanes, let Iran reap billions from illicit oil sales, neglected to build upon the historic Abraham Accords, and failed to properly condemn Hamas’ use of rape as a weapon of war.
    “Mr. President and Madam Vice President, you have succeeded in none of the five objectives you set out for the Middle East. If this were a graded test, you would receive an F,” wrote Ernst. “Despite the fantastical claims by your Secretary of State last week, your administration’s strategy has put the United States in a much weaker geopolitical position today than it was four years ago. The American people, our servicemembers, and our allies and partners deserve better.” 
    Click here to view the full letter.
    Background:
    On October 7, 2023, Ernst was in the Middle East and went into Israel just days after Iran-backed Hamas’ attacks to show her support for our ally.
    Since then, she has kept up the pressure to bring the hostages home, held the Biden-Harris administration accountable to their “ironclad” commitment, and continued to stand with Israel.
    In January 2024, Ernst returned to the Middle East and advocated for the release of the hostages in meetings with senior leadership and lead negotiators in Egypt, Israel, Qatar, and Bahrain.
    In May 2024, she was in Israel when she received reports that the United States withheld an ammunition shipment to Israel and immediately demanded answers from President Biden to hold him accountable for his “ironclad” commitment to our greatest ally in the Middle East.
    In September 2024, Ernst traveled to Israel, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Qatar to secure a deal that ensures the survival of Israel, destroys Hamas’ ability to reconstitute in the region, and brings the American hostages home.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Algeria

    Source: New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade – Safe Travel

    • Reviewed: 7 October 2024, 10:38 NZDT
    • Still current at: 8 October 2024

    Related news features

    If you are planning international travel at this time, please read our COVID-19 related travel advice here, alongside our destination specific travel advice below.

    Do not travel within 50 kilometres of the border regions with Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Niger and Tunisia due to a heightened threat from terrorism and kidnapping (level 4 of 4).

    Exercise increased caution elsewhere in Algeria, due to the threat of terrorism and kidnapping (level 2 of 4).

    Algeria

    Terrorism
    There is a high threat from terrorism in Algeria. While the threat is greatest in remote mountainous regions and rural areas, attacks can occur indiscriminately anywhere, at any time.

    In recent years, there have been several attacks, primarily against Algerian government interests and security forces, but civilians have been killed or injured also. On 16 January 2021, two four-wheel drive vehicles triggered two Improvised Explosive Devices, killing 5 civilians. On 14 January 2021, a roadside bomb killed 5 Algerian citizens in Telidjane, Tebessa province, on the border with Tunisia. Al Qaeda claimed responsibility for placement of the landmine, but denied that they were targeting civilians.

    Al-Qa’ida in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) and similar groups have signalled an intent to target foreigners and Western interests. There have been attacks on foreign oil and gas operations in the Sahara resulting in foreigners being taken hostage and killed. Further attacks are possible.

    New Zealanders in Algeria are advised to maintain a high degree of personal security awareness at all times, keep a low profile and stay alert to local developments. We recommend adhering to any restrictions and instructions issued by the local authorities.

    Kidnapping
    There is a risk of kidnapping outside of the main cities, particularly in the Kabylie region in north east Algeria, border areas in the south and east and remote regions in the Sahara. Foreigners have been taken hostage, and in some cases executed. Further kidnappings are possible.

    We strongly advise against unnecessary travel to remote areas and against all travel to the border regions near Libya, Mali, Mauritania, Niger and Tunisia due to the heightened risk of kidnapping. New Zealanders in Algeria are advised to seek professional security advice before travelling to areas of particular risk and ensure appropriate personal security protection measures are in place. 

    Civil Unrest/Political Tension
    Protests and demonstrations are a frequent occurrence and can be triggered by political and economic developments, and events in both Algeria and the wider region. New Zealanders in Algeria are strongly advised to avoid any political gatherings, protests and demonstrations, as even those intended as peaceful have the potential to turn violent with little warning.

    Comply with any instructions issued by the local authorities, including any curfews. Monitor local and international media, review personal security plans and be aware of your surroundings. If unexpectedly in the vicinity of a protest or demonstration, exercise caution and leave the area quickly.

    Local Travel
    New Zealanders in Algeria should ensure they put in place appropriate personal security protection measures. Local police are able to provide further advice on the security situation and necessary security arrangements. It is advisable to notify police of travel to any remote locations, accept any security escort you may be offered and co-operate with authorities.

    New Zealanders travelling in Algeria should avoid travelling outside the major cities by road, due to security concerns, particularly at night when there is a heightened risk. Authorities will likely want to know your travel plans when travelling outside major cities and may assign police to protect you. Take particular caution after dark. Where possible, avoid public transport and travel by air. Accommodation should be prearranged and at a place where a high level of security is provided.

    Crime
    The crime rate in Algeria is moderate. Street crime is prevalent in Algeria and foreigners may be specifically targeted due to their perceived wealth. Bag-snatchings, muggings and theft from hotel rooms and cars are common in larger cities. Only stay at international hotels that provide a high level of security.

    New Zealanders are advised to exercise particular vigilance in crowded or public areas. Avoid showing signs of affluence and keep personal belongings secure at all times. Avoid walking in isolated areas or alone at night, as risks increase after dark.

    There is a threat of banditry, particularly in the Tamanrasset and Illizi provinces in southern Algeria, and other areas away from major highways. Bandits have used illegal blockades to stop and rob vehicles.

    General Travel Advice
    New Zealanders are advised to respect religious and social traditions in Algeria to avoid offending local sensitivities. Modesty and discretion should be exercised in both dress and behaviour.

    Homosexuality is illegal in Algeria and convictions can result in prison sentences.

    Algeria does not recognise dual nationality. This limits our ability to provide consular assistance to New Zealand/Algerian dual nationals.

    New Zealanders travelling or living in Algeria should have a comprehensive travel insurance policy in place that includes provision for medical evacuation by air. 

    New Zealanders in Algeria are strongly encouraged to register their details with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade.

     

    Travel tips

    The New Zealand Embassy Cairo, Egypt is accredited to Algeria

    Street Address 8th floor, North Tower, Nile City building, Corniche El Nil, Ramlet Beaulac, Cairo, Egypt Telephone +202 2461 9186 Fax +202 2461 9178 Email enquiries@nzembassy.org.eg Web Site https://www.mfat.govt.nz/en/countries-and-regions/middle-east/egypt/new-zealand-embassy-to-arab-republic-of-egypt/ Hours Sun-Wed 0900-1500 hrs, Thurs 0900-1330 hrs Note In an emergency or if you require urgent assistance, please call the Embassy on +202 2461 6000. Outside of business hours you will be redirected to an after-hours duty service.

    See our regional advice for Africa

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    MIL OSI New Zealand News –

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Update: Man dies after Courtenay Place assault

    Source: New Zealand Police (District News)

    Update: Man dies after Courtenay Place assault

    Attribute to Detective Senior Sergeant Tim Leitch, Wellington Criminal Investigations Branch (CIB):

    The investigation into a weekend assault on Courtenay Place in Wellington has become a homicide enquiry.

    The victim of the Sunday morning assault, 21-year-old Luke Smith, died in hospital today surrounded by family after his life support was withdrawn overnight.

    Luke and his parents had emigrated to New Zealand from South Africa earlier this year and settled in Upper Hutt.

    Police and Victim Support are providing support to his family at this horrific time.

    A post-mortem is scheduled for Wednesday 9 October, after which Luke’s family are planning to return him to South Africa for his funeral.

    We are still working to determine exactly what happened. Luke was assaulted about 3.15am on Sunday, at the bus stop outside the old Reading Cinema building.

    Investigators are continuing to comb through evidence, and we need to speak with anyone who saw the incident and has yet to contact us.

    In particular, Police are aware of two woman who were seated nearby and likely witnessed the incident and we urge them to come forward. 

    A number of others came to the assistance of Luke after the assault, and we would like to speak to these people also and obtain any video and still images people may have of the incident.

    If you have any information that could help our enquiries, please update us online now or call 105 and use the reference number 241006/5414.

    Police have also opened an online portal where anyone who has any relevant video footage or images can upload their material.

    Information can also be provided anonymously via Crime Stoppers on 0800 555 111.

    A 29-year-old man was arrested on Monday and was bailed following his appearance in the Wellington District Court yesterday. He is due to reappear in court on 21 October and further charges are possible.

    ENDS

    MIL OSI New Zealand News –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: TMG and Huawei join forces to offer AI Cloud Services for the first time in Egypt Oct 08, 2024

    Source: Huawei

    Headline: TMG and Huawei join forces to offer AI Cloud Services for the first time in Egypt
    Oct 08, 2024

    [Shenzhen, China, October 8, 2024] Huawei has partnered with Egypt’s Talaat Moustafa Group (TMG) to build and deploy cutting-edge AI-powered cloud technology for the first time in the Egyptian market.
    Under the agreement, signed in Shenzhen, China, TMG will leverage Huawei’s advanced cloud technologies in building and developing cloud data centers and AI technologies, providing a wide range of advantages in the Noor City project. This technology is an ideal option for smart city development as it will rely on scalable infrastructure, real-time data analytics, and seamless connectivity.
    TMG plans to offer comprehensive cloud services to the Egyptian market through “NOOR Cloud” and through the partnership will seek to meet the diverse needs of various urban communities with first-to-market cloud solutions.
    Mohamed Hisham Talaat Moustafa, Chief Recurring Income Officer at TMG, said: “We are thrilled to announce a strategic agreement with Huawei to develop a cutting-edge cloud aimed at providing essential services to the market. TMG will be leading the market by embracing cloud technology. TMG cloud-enabled applications will not only drive economic growth but also create new opportunities for innovation across industries, offering services to customers. By leveraging advanced technology, we aim to lead the market and empower businesses to thrive in a competitive landscape. Together, we will open doors to a future of limitless possibilities and drive transformative change.”
    Mohamed Salah, VP of Intelligent Cities – Recurring Income at TMG, added: “We are entering a transformative era in Egypt’s urban development. Our collaboration with Huawei is not merely about implementing technology; it’s about reimagining urban living to meet the needs of our communities. By integrating innovative and sustainable solutions, we are establishing new benchmarks for real estate development. Together, we are committed to creating smart cities that stimulate economic growth and foster resilient communities throughout the country.”
    Hank Chen, Vice President of Huawei Government Public Services Digitalization Business said, “Cloud technology is a game-changer for smart city development, offering unparalleled opportunities for cities to thrive in the digital era. By embracing Cloud, cities can fully unlock the potential of cloud technology to create a better future for urban living.”
    Commenting on the agreement, Felix Xu, CEO of Huawei Egypt Enterprise Business Group, said: “By expanding our partnership with TMG, we are committed to supporting their vision of a smart city that is not only technologically advanced but also sustainable, inclusive, and future-proof. Our comprehensive portfolio of cutting-edge products and technologies, including robust cloud services, next-generation networks, scalable storage solutions, and intelligent AI large models, positions us to support TMG in realizing their vision to transform cities into smarter, more connected environments, ensuring optimal performance and reliability of their infrastructure.”
    The new collaboration between Huawei and TMG builds on their longstanding partnership in developing cutting-edge smart cities and sustainable communities. By leveraging their combined expertise, TMG and Huawei aim to redefine the standards for urban development and digital innovation in Egypt.

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: TMG and Huawei join forces to offer AI Cloud Services for the first time in Egypt

    Source: Huawei

    Headline: TMG and Huawei join forces to offer AI Cloud Services for the first time in Egypt

    [Shenzhen, China, October 8, 2024] Huawei has partnered with Egypt’s Talaat Moustafa Group (TMG) to build and deploy cutting-edge AI-powered cloud technology for the first time in the Egyptian market.
    Under the agreement, signed in Shenzhen, China, TMG will leverage Huawei’s advanced cloud technologies in building and developing cloud data centers and AI technologies, providing a wide range of advantages in the Noor City project. This technology is an ideal option for smart city development as it will rely on scalable infrastructure, real-time data analytics, and seamless connectivity.
    TMG plans to offer comprehensive cloud services to the Egyptian market through “NOOR Cloud” and through the partnership will seek to meet the diverse needs of various urban communities with first-to-market cloud solutions.
    Mohamed Hisham Talaat Moustafa, Chief Recurring Income Officer at TMG, said: “We are thrilled to announce a strategic agreement with Huawei to develop a cutting-edge cloud aimed at providing essential services to the market. TMG will be leading the market by embracing cloud technology. TMG cloud-enabled applications will not only drive economic growth but also create new opportunities for innovation across industries, offering services to customers. By leveraging advanced technology, we aim to lead the market and empower businesses to thrive in a competitive landscape. Together, we will open doors to a future of limitless possibilities and drive transformative change.”
    Mohamed Salah, VP of Intelligent Cities – Recurring Income at TMG, added: “We are entering a transformative era in Egypt’s urban development. Our collaboration with Huawei is not merely about implementing technology; it’s about reimagining urban living to meet the needs of our communities. By integrating innovative and sustainable solutions, we are establishing new benchmarks for real estate development. Together, we are committed to creating smart cities that stimulate economic growth and foster resilient communities throughout the country.”
    Hank Chen, Vice President of Huawei Government Public Services Digitalization Business said, “Cloud technology is a game-changer for smart city development, offering unparalleled opportunities for cities to thrive in the digital era. By embracing Cloud, cities can fully unlock the potential of cloud technology to create a better future for urban living.”
    Commenting on the agreement, Felix Xu, CEO of Huawei Egypt Enterprise Business Group, said: “By expanding our partnership with TMG, we are committed to supporting their vision of a smart city that is not only technologically advanced but also sustainable, inclusive, and future-proof. Our comprehensive portfolio of cutting-edge products and technologies, including robust cloud services, next-generation networks, scalable storage solutions, and intelligent AI large models, positions us to support TMG in realizing their vision to transform cities into smarter, more connected environments, ensuring optimal performance and reliability of their infrastructure.”
    The new collaboration between Huawei and TMG builds on their longstanding partnership in developing cutting-edge smart cities and sustainable communities. By leveraging their combined expertise, TMG and Huawei aim to redefine the standards for urban development and digital innovation in Egypt.

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI China: Ethiopian parliament appoints FM as new president

    Source: China State Council Information Office 3

    The two houses of the Ethiopian parliament on Monday appointed Foreign Minister Taye Atske Selassie as the new president.

    The appointment followed the end of the term of current President Sahle-Work Zewde after six years of service as the country’s head of state.

    The newly-appointed president was sworn in on Monday before members of Ethiopia’s House of Peoples’ Representatives (HoPR) and House of Federation as the new leader of Africa’s second most populous nation.

    With a diplomatic career spanning three decades, including his role as Ethiopia’s permanent representative to the United Nations, Atske Selassie has served as the country’s foreign minister since February this year until his new appointment.

    Prior to his appointment as the country’s foreign minister, he also held the position of foreign policy adviser to Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed.

    Zewde was elected as Ethiopia’s first female president in October 2018.

    In his acceptance speech following his appointment, Atske Selassie expressed his strong commitment to serving Ethiopia and its people, with a particular focus on fostering national unity and togetherness.

    “Deep foresight and patience are the poles of Ethiopia’s endurance. Hence, it is necessary to move forward by moving away from distractive ideas,” he told members of the Ethiopian parliament.

    He further stressed the collective responsibility to maintain national harmony to tackle socioeconomic and governance challenges while preserving recent positive achievements.

    Atske Selassie also called on Ethiopians from all walks of life to exert concerted efforts towards the realization of the country’s development aspirations.

    Addressing a joint session of the two houses, Atske Selassie said the government is striving to achieve 8.4 percent economic growth in the current fiscal year starting on July 8. To reach this goal, efforts are being made to address foreign currency shortages, curb inflation, and build a resilient agricultural sector that can withstand the impacts of climate change.

    He noted that Ethiopia achieved 8.1 percent economic growth last fiscal year, significantly reducing inflation and creating job opportunities for over 4 million people.

    “The government will focus on expanding mechanized agriculture, creating a favorable investment climate, substituting imported commodities, implementing macroeconomic reforms, and improving tax and non-tax collections to meet the target,” the new president said.

    Atske Selassie also highlighted Ethiopia’s deepening diplomatic relations with China, which have been elevated to an all-weather strategic partnership. He emphasized that Ethiopia’s engagement with China continues to gain momentum.

    He also said that Ethiopia’s diplomatic influence in multilateralism has strengthened with its recent entry into the BRICS mechanism earlier this year.

    Ethiopia, which operates under a parliamentary political system, grants its president largely ceremonial powers. These include granting amnesty to prisoners, officially opening the annual sessions of the parliament’s two houses, receiving foreign ambassadors, and presenting the country’s annual objectives to the parliament.

    In contrast, the prime minister serves as the head of government, with the party or coalition holding at least 51 percent of the seats in the HoPR, the parliament’s lower house, forming the government.

    MIL OSI China News –

  • MIL-OSI Africa: When medicines don’t work: eliminating neglected tropical diseases will reduce drug resistance – a win for all

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Francisca Mutapi, Professor in Global Health Infection and Immunity. and co-Director of the Global Health Academy, University of Edinburgh

    A major health challenge of our time is when drugs no longer work to treat infections. This happens when the agents that cause infections – they may be bacteria, viruses or fungi – become resistant to the drugs.

    Antimicrobials are a broad range of medications that act on microbes – like bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites. Antibiotics, for instance, are one type of antimicrobial working against bacteria.

    Resistance to antimicrobial drugs therefore makes it difficult to treat and prevent a wide range of infections.

    Antibiotic resistance compromises public health programmes, such as TB treatments. It can also compromise other medical interventions where treatment is needed to prevent infection, like surgery, caesarean sections or cancer treatment.

    The main causes of antimicrobial resistance are the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in humans, animals and plants.

    Antimicrobial resistance leads to more deaths and illness in Africa compared to anywhere else. The continent recorded 21% of the global antimicrobial resistance related deaths in 2019. In that year, over 1.05 million deaths in Africa were associated with antimicrobial resistance. This poses an exceptional health threat.

    Worryingly, antimicrobial resistance related deaths are predicted to increase globally. The trend is already being observed in Africa. For example, the latest data shows that the share of E. coli infections resistant to cephalosporins (the antibiotic used to treat them) is rising.

    To change this, it’s necessary to reduce the burden of diseases that require antimicrobial treatment.

    One group of infectious diseases prevalent in Africa are the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). There are already effective tools to prevent and even eliminate them. But every year, millions of people are infected and treated for them using antimicrobials. This increases the risk of spreading resistance.

    Having been involved in the design and implementation of large-scale neglected tropical diseases control programmes, I argue for a push to eliminate these diseases. This must be done through integrated approaches, including preventive medicine, water and sanitation, and controlling the agents that spread the diseases.

    Even countries where neglected tropical diseases are not common should make this push, as part of global health security.

    Controlling neglected tropical diseases

    Neglected tropical diseases are a group of 21 diverse conditions capable of causing long term health and economic challenges.

    They are caused by a variety of pathogens including worms, bacteria, fungi and viruses. Of these diseases, six are treated with antibiotics: buruli ulcer, leishmaniasis, leprosy, onchocerciasis, trachoma and yaws.

    Globally, millions of people with neglected tropical diseases are treated with antimicrobials every year.

    One of the most effective public health approaches for controlling neglected tropical diseases is preventative chemotherapy, which involves mass drug administration, where people are treated without diagnosis. Nonetheless, it is not sustainable, both in terms of cost and because it increases the risk of antimicrobial resistance.

    However, preventative chemotherapy is a necessary and effective tool for reducing infection and disease. Since 2012, over 600 million people have been cured of neglected tropical disease infection this way.

    An example of this is Zimbabwe’s control programme for schistosomiasis (an acute disease caused by parasitic worms), which I’ve been involved with. Preventative chemotherapy was administered to about 5 million children every year between 2012 and 2019. Infection levels were reduced from 32% to just under 2% in children aged 6-15.

    (Author provided)

    The latest World Health Organization report from 2022 indicated that just under 1.7 billion people globally required preventative chemotherapy. Of these just under 600 million are in Africa.

    Another risk for an increase in antimicrobial resistance is that the antibiotics used to treat neglected tropical diseases are also used to treat other infections. For example, azithromycin (for treating trachoma and yaws) is used also to treat other bacterial infections including bronchitis, pneumonia and sexually transmitted diseases.

    Already, of the six neglected tropical diseases that are treated with antibiotics, five have documented drug resistance. This trend will only increase.

    It’s therefore vital that neglected tropical diseases are eliminated so that fewer antibiotics and antimicrobials are used. This also protects people from other dangerous infections.

    Ready-made tools

    The good news is that the tools to eliminate neglected tropical diseases already exist.

    Within the past decade, 51 countries have eliminated at least one neglected tropical disease. Underlying these successes are the use of multiple tools, cross-sectoral strategies and sustained efforts to prevent and treat infections.

    ”>

    In the case of diseases which are transmitted by animals or insects (vectors), it’s about controlling the vector. For instance, killing the flies that transmit onchocerciasis parasites or snail hosts for schistosomiasis.

    Similarly, provision of safe water and sanitation facilities is critical for disease elimination. For example, the organisms that cause some diseases spend some stages of their life in faeces (poop). So, when faeces are poorly disposed of, they can contaminate the environment and the disease can be passed on.

    The World Health Organization has set a target of 100 countries eliminating at least one neglected tropical disease by 2030.

    This would be a massive health and economic win for countries where the diseases are prevalent.

    It will also lead to a reduction in antimicrobial use – which is a vital global health goal.

    – When medicines don’t work: eliminating neglected tropical diseases will reduce drug resistance – a win for all
    – https://theconversation.com/when-medicines-dont-work-eliminating-neglected-tropical-diseases-will-reduce-drug-resistance-a-win-for-all-239658

    MIL OSI Africa –

  • MIL-OSI Global: When medicines don’t work: eliminating neglected tropical diseases will reduce drug resistance – a win for all

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Francisca Mutapi, Professor in Global Health Infection and Immunity. and co-Director of the Global Health Academy, University of Edinburgh

    A major health challenge of our time is when drugs no longer work to treat infections. This happens when the agents that cause infections – they may be bacteria, viruses or fungi – become resistant to the drugs.

    Antimicrobials are a broad range of medications that act on microbes – like bacteria, fungi, viruses, or parasites. Antibiotics, for instance, are one type of antimicrobial working against bacteria.

    Resistance to antimicrobial drugs therefore makes it difficult to treat and prevent a wide range of infections.

    Antibiotic resistance compromises public health programmes, such as TB treatments. It can also compromise other medical interventions where treatment is needed to prevent infection, like surgery, caesarean sections or cancer treatment.

    The main causes of antimicrobial resistance are the misuse and overuse of antimicrobials in humans, animals and plants.

    Antimicrobial resistance leads to more deaths and illness in Africa compared to anywhere else. The continent recorded 21% of the global antimicrobial resistance related deaths in 2019. In that year, over 1.05 million deaths in Africa were associated with antimicrobial resistance. This poses an exceptional health threat.

    Worryingly, antimicrobial resistance related deaths are predicted to increase globally. The trend is already being observed in Africa. For example, the latest data shows that the share of E. coli infections resistant to cephalosporins (the antibiotic used to treat them) is rising.

    To change this, it’s necessary to reduce the burden of diseases that require antimicrobial treatment.

    One group of infectious diseases prevalent in Africa are the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). There are already effective tools to prevent and even eliminate them. But every year, millions of people are infected and treated for them using antimicrobials. This increases the risk of spreading resistance.

    Having been involved in the design and implementation of large-scale neglected tropical diseases control programmes, I argue for a push to eliminate these diseases. This must be done through integrated approaches, including preventive medicine, water and sanitation, and controlling the agents that spread the diseases.

    Even countries where neglected tropical diseases are not common should make this push, as part of global health security.

    Controlling neglected tropical diseases

    Neglected tropical diseases are a group of 21 diverse conditions capable of causing long term health and economic challenges.

    They are caused by a variety of pathogens including worms, bacteria, fungi and viruses. Of these diseases, six are treated with antibiotics: buruli ulcer, leishmaniasis, leprosy, onchocerciasis, trachoma and yaws.

    Globally, millions of people with neglected tropical diseases are treated with antimicrobials every year.

    One of the most effective public health approaches for controlling neglected tropical diseases is preventative chemotherapy, which involves mass drug administration, where people are treated without diagnosis. Nonetheless, it is not sustainable, both in terms of cost and because it increases the risk of antimicrobial resistance.

    However, preventative chemotherapy is a necessary and effective tool for reducing infection and disease. Since 2012, over 600 million people have been cured of neglected tropical disease infection this way.

    An example of this is Zimbabwe’s control programme for schistosomiasis (an acute disease caused by parasitic worms), which I’ve been involved with. Preventative chemotherapy was administered to about 5 million children every year between 2012 and 2019. Infection levels were reduced from 32% to just under 2% in children aged 6-15.

    The latest World Health Organization report from 2022 indicated that just under 1.7 billion people globally required preventative chemotherapy. Of these just under 600 million are in Africa.

    Another risk for an increase in antimicrobial resistance is that the antibiotics used to treat neglected tropical diseases are also used to treat other infections. For example, azithromycin (for treating trachoma and yaws) is used also to treat other bacterial infections including bronchitis, pneumonia and sexually transmitted diseases.

    Already, of the six neglected tropical diseases that are treated with antibiotics, five have documented drug resistance. This trend will only increase.

    It’s therefore vital that neglected tropical diseases are eliminated so that fewer antibiotics and antimicrobials are used. This also protects people from other dangerous infections.

    Ready-made tools

    The good news is that the tools to eliminate neglected tropical diseases already exist.

    Within the past decade, 51 countries have eliminated at least one neglected tropical disease. Underlying these successes are the use of multiple tools, cross-sectoral strategies and sustained efforts to prevent and treat infections.

    ”>

    In the case of diseases which are transmitted by animals or insects (vectors), it’s about controlling the vector. For instance, killing the flies that transmit onchocerciasis parasites or snail hosts for schistosomiasis.

    Similarly, provision of safe water and sanitation facilities is critical for disease elimination. For example, the organisms that cause some diseases spend some stages of their life in faeces (poop). So, when faeces are poorly disposed of, they can contaminate the environment and the disease can be passed on.

    The World Health Organization has set a target of 100 countries eliminating at least one neglected tropical disease by 2030.

    This would be a massive health and economic win for countries where the diseases are prevalent.

    It will also lead to a reduction in antimicrobial use – which is a vital global health goal.

    Francisca Mutapi receives funding from the Aspen Global Innovation Programme, Scottish Funding Council funding to the University of Edinburgh, Academy of Medical Sciences, British Academy and the Royal Society.
    Francisca Mutapi is the Deputy Director of the Tackling Infections to Benefit Africa (TIBA) Partnership and Deputy Board Chair of Uniting to Combat NTDS

    – ref. When medicines don’t work: eliminating neglected tropical diseases will reduce drug resistance – a win for all – https://theconversation.com/when-medicines-dont-work-eliminating-neglected-tropical-diseases-will-reduce-drug-resistance-a-win-for-all-239658

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Russia: Project “AtomPro”: foreign students of SPbPU learned about advanced technologies of Rosatom

    MILES AXLE Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

    Source: Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University – Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University –

    Experts from the company “Rusatom – International Network” Polytechnic and held an expert meeting within the framework of the “AtomPro” project for foreign students of the Institute of Energy, dedicated to advanced technologies of water treatment, water purification and desalination.

    The meeting was attended by students from Afghanistan, Turkey, Egypt, Algeria, China, Nigeria, Cameroon, Kenya, Iraq, Madagascar, Zambia, Ghana, Pakistan, Sudan, Paraguay, Cambodia, Rwanda. The AtomPro project is aimed at popularizing knowledge about Russian nuclear technologies through a series of expert lectures by representatives of businesses of the Rosatom State Corporation with foreign students of flagship universities.

    The meeting discussed key areas of Rosatom’s activities in the field of water treatment, desalination and environmental safety.

    Anna Belyakova, Senior Manager of Product Development Management at Rusatom International Network, touched upon several areas of the corporation’s work in this area. Modern desalination systems can be integrated with nuclear power plants. This allows for the efficient use of their heat and electricity to obtain fresh water, making the process more economical. Autonomous desalination plants were also presented, which are especially important for remote regions where access to water is limited.

    Representatives of the private institution “RMS” shared their experience of implementing water purification technologies at international facilities, emphasizing the importance of reusing water in industry to reduce its consumption. These solutions not only save resources, but also help minimize the impact on the environment, reducing environmental risks.

    Particular attention was paid to hybrid desalination technologies that combine evaporation and membrane filtration methods, which increases the reliability and efficiency of the process. At the end of the meeting, an interactive business game was held for foreign students. The best team received memorable prizes.

    The expert meeting became part of the developing cooperation between the university and Rosatom, aimed at popularizing Russian scientific and engineering thought among foreign students. Such an alliance in the international arena helps not only to attract students, but also creates a comfortable environment for development and adaptation both in education and in a professional career.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    Please note; This information is raw content directly from the information source. It is accurate to what the source is stating and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    https://vvv.spbstu.ru/media/nevs/partnership/project-atompro-foreign-students-spbpo-learned-about-advanced-technologies-rosatom/

    EDITOR’S NOTE: This article is a translation. Apologies should the grammar and or sentence structure not be perfect.

    MIL OSI Russia News –