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Category: Americas

  • MIL-OSI USA: Text of a Letter from the President to the Speaker of the House of Representatives and the President Pro Tempore of the Senate

    US Senate News:

    Source: The White House
    The Honorable Mike JohnsonSpeaker of the House of RepresentativesWashington, D.C. 20515
    March 28, 2025
    Dear Mr. Speaker:
    I write to apprise you of developments in Yemen and the broader Middle East region.
    Houthi militants operating from bases in Yemen have perpetrated piratical aggressions against shipping and have continued to threaten and attack United States forces in the airspace and waters in and around Yemen. I will no longer allow this band of pirates to threaten and attack United States forces and commercial vessels in one of the most important shipping lanes in the world. We will act to keep Americans safe. Consistentwith my commitment to defend United States forces and to uphold navigational rights and freedoms, I directed the Department of Defense to take several actions concerning the Houthis in Yemen, described below.
    First, I directed the Department of Defense to move additional forces equipped for combat into the Middle East to enhance the defensive capabilities available to United States forces and facilitate necessary military actions. These forces include capabilities for air and missile defense of Israel and of locations hosting United States forces as well as fighter, support, and reconnaissance aircraft to enable strikes on Houthi targets. The additional forces have deployed to countries in the Middle East region as detailed in the attached classified annex.
    Second, at my direction, forces under United States Central Command have commenced large-scale strikes in Houthi-controlled areas of Yemen to eliminate the capabilities the Houthis use for attacks on United States forces and commercial ships in the Red Sea and surrounding waters. United States Navy ships and aircraft, along with United States Air Force bombers, fighters, and unmanned aircraft, operating in and around Yemen, have participated in these strikes. Targets have included Houthi leadership and equipment, command and control facilities, and munitions storage facilities. We will continue these decisive military operations until the Houthi threat to United States forces and navigational rights and freedoms in the Red Sea and adjacent waters has abated.
    I am providing this report as part of my efforts to keep the Congress fully informed, consistent with the War Powers Resolution (Public Law 93-148). I directed these actionsconsistent with my responsibility to protect Americans and United States interests abroad and in furtherance of United States national security and foreign policy interests, pursuantto my constitutional authority as Commander in Chief and Chief Executive to conduct United States foreign relations. I appreciate the support of the Congress in this action.
    Sincerely,
    Donald J. Trump
    The Honorable Charles GrassleyPresident pro tempore of the SenateWashington, D.C. 20510
    March 28, 2025
    Dear Mr. President:
    I write to apprise you of developments in Yemen and the broader Middle East region.
    Houthi militants operating from bases in Yemen have perpetrated piratical aggressions against shipping and have continued to threaten and attack United States forces in the airspace and waters in and around Yemen. I will no longer allow this band of pirates to threaten and attack United States forces and commercial vessels in one of the most important shipping lanes in the world. We will act to keep Americans safe. Consistentwith my commitment to defend United States forces and to uphold navigational rights and freedoms, I directed the Department of Defense to take several actions concerning the Houthis in Yemen, described below.
    First, I directed the Department of Defense to move additional forces equipped for combat into the Middle East to enhance the defensive capabilities available to United States forces and facilitate necessary military actions. These forces include capabilities for air and missile defense of Israel and of locations hosting United States forces as well as fighter, support, and reconnaissance aircraft to enable strikes on Houthi targets. The additional forces have deployed to countries in the Middle East region as detailed in the attached classified annex.
    Second, at my direction, forces under United States Central Command have commenced large-scale strikes in Houthi-controlled areas of Yemen to eliminate the capabilities the Houthis use for attacks on United States forces and commercial ships in the Red Sea and surrounding waters. United States Navy ships and aircraft, along with United States Air Force bombers, fighters, and unmanned aircraft, operating in and around Yemen, have participated in these strikes. Targets have included Houthi leadership and equipment, command and control facilities, and munitions storage facilities. We will continue these decisive military operations until the Houthi threat to United States forces and navigational rights and freedoms in the Red Sea and adjacent waters has abated.
    I am providing this report as part of my efforts to keep the Congress fully informed, consistent with the War Powers Resolution (Public Law 93-148). I directed these actionsconsistent with my responsibility to protect Americans and United States interests abroad and in furtherance of United States national security and foreign policy interests, pursuantto my constitutional authority as Commander in Chief and Chief Executive to conduct United States foreign relations. I appreciate the support of the Congress in this action.
    Sincerely,
    Donald J. Trump

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Tonko on the Passing of Pope Francis

    Source: United States House of Representatives – Representative Paul Tonko (Capital Region New York)

    Tonko on the Passing of Pope Francis

    Amsterdam, April 21, 2025

    AMSTERDAM, NY — Congressman Paul D. Tonko (NY-20) released the following statement following the passing of Pope Francis:

    “Our world has lost a truly remarkable servant of the people. Pope Francis embodied the values of all faiths, and as a respected global leader, worked tirelessly on behalf of those who are too often forgotten. His humble but forceful work in service to immigrant, refugee, and marginalized communities, and in pursuit of peace will live on and inspire countless across the globe.

    “While we mourn his loss, let us be lifted up by his humble faith, modest lifestyle, and groundbreaking work, and never forget his message that we all have a role to play in the sound stewardship of our planet and of each other.”

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Pingree, Heinrich Lead Charge to Reach Net-Zero Emissions, Boost Profitability in US Agriculture

    Source: United States House of Representatives – Congresswoman Chellie Pingree (1st District of Maine)

    In honor of Earth Day, Congresswoman Chellie Pingree (D-Maine) and Senator Martin Heinrich (D-N.M.) reintroduced the Agriculture Resilience Act (ARA), comprehensive legislation that aims to help the U.S. reach net-zero greenhouse gas emissions in the agricultural sector by 2040—while giving America’s farmers more tools and resources to increase their profitability. 

    “From historic droughts and wildfires to devastating floods and extreme weather, America’s farmers are directly impacted by the climate crisis,” said Pingree, a longtime organic farmer and senior member of the House Agriculture Committee. “With the Farm Bill in limbo and the Trump Administration actively undermining farmers’ interests, bold legislation like the Agriculture Resilience Act is more urgent than ever. These goals are ambitious—but they’re achievable. By helping farmers adopt practices that boost resilience and profitability, this bill charts a path to not only create a more sustainable future for America’s agriculture sector, but ensure greater economic viability for our farmers as well.”

    “New Mexico’s agricultural producers and rural communities rely on the health of our land and water to sustain their families and communities. They are also the first to feel the impacts of climate change. That is why we need to provide our farmers and ranchers with new tools to not only protect their land and way of life, but also be part of the climate solution,” said Heinrich. “I’m pleased to reintroduce the Agriculture Resilience Act, which sets a national goal of achieving net-zero emissions in agriculture by 2040 through farmer-led, science-based initiatives. I’ll continue working to bring our communities the tools they need to improve soil health, expand conservation programs, increase research into climate-friendly agricultural practices, and support on-farm renewable energy projects.”

    To reach net-zero agricultural emissions within the next 15 years, the ARA focuses on six concrete policy areas—and solutions that are rooted in science.

    These goals include:

    1. Increasing Research: The ARA would ensure existing agriculture research programs prioritize climate change research, increase funding for USDA’s Regional Climate Hubs, support public breed and cultivar research, and create a new SARE Agricultural and Food System Resilience Initiative for farmer and rancher research and demonstration grants.
    2. Improving Soil Health: The ARA would create a new soil health grant program for state and tribal governments, authorize USDA to offer performance-based crop insurance discounts for practices that reduce climate risk, expand the National Agroforestry Center by authorizing three additional regional centers, and provide more technical assistance and flexibility in USDA conservation programs to support climate-smart practices.
    3. Protecting existing farmland and supporting farm viability: ARA would increase funding for the Local Agriculture Market Program to help keep local farms profitable and create a new subprogram for farm viability and local climate resilience centers to help farmers reach new markets. The bill would also increase funding for the Agriculture Conservation Easement Program to make farmland affordable for the next generation. 
    4. Supporting pasture-based livestock systems: The ARA would create a new alternative manure management program to support an array of livestock methane management strategies and establish a new grant program to help small meat processors cover the costs associated with meeting federal inspection guidelines.
    5. Boosting investments in on-farm energy initiatives: The ARA would increase funding for the Rural Energy for America Program to prioritize low-emissions electrification projects and direct USDA to study dual-use renewable energy and cropping or livestock systems.
    6. Reducing food waste: The ARA would standardize food date labels to reduce consumer confusion about the shelf life of foods, create a new USDA program to reduce food waste in schools, and increase federal support for food waste research and outreach, composting, and anaerobic digestion food waste-to-energy projects.

    The ARA is supported by dozens of national and local organizations including American Farmland Trust, the World Wildlife Fund, and Maine Organic Farmers and Gardeners Association, as well companies like Stonyfield and Organic Valley. Click here for a full list of endorsers. 

    READ WHAT ORGANIZATIONS ARE SAYING ABOUT THE ARA. 

    An organic farmer since the 1970s, Pingree has been recognized as a national policy leader on sustainable food and farming. Pingree is the founder of Congress’s first-ever Bipartisan Food Recovery Caucus and is Vice Chair of the House Sustainable Energy and Environment Coalition Climate and Agriculture Task Force. In addition to serving on the House Agriculture Committee, Pingree is a member of the powerful House Appropriations Committee, where she serves as Ranking Member on the Interior and Environment Subcommittee and on the Agriculture Subcommittee.  

    ###

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: IAM District 5 Joins Forces with Great Plains Food Bank to Fight Hunger

    Source: US GOIAM Union

    IAM District 5, along with members from Locals 2525 and W33, recently organized and performed their annual IAM H.E.L.P.S event at the Great Plains Food Bank (GPFB) in Fargo, N.D. The local food bank is a vital organization committed to fighting hunger by collecting, warehousing, and distributing surplus food to those in need across North Dakota and northwestern Minnesota.

    The IAM Midwest Territory began the “IAM H.E.L.P.S. in the Community” initiative in the spring of 2017 to provide essential assistance to those in need. H.E.L.P.S. stands for Honoring, Engaging, Lifting, Providing and Servicing.

    During the IAM HELPS event, six dedicated volunteers from District 5 and its affiliated locals actively contributed to the food bank’s mission, packing over 450 pounds of dried beans into one-pound packages, each designed to support a family in need. This effort directly benefited local families, providing them with essential items.

    “Through our IAM H.E.L.P.S. initiative, we continue to honor our commitment to serve, uplift, and strengthen our communities,” said IAM Midwest Territory General Vice President Sam Cicinelli. “Partnering with the Great Plains Food Bank allows us to turn compassion into action – one pound, one family, one person at a time.

    The decision to collaborate with the GPFB was driven by the collective desire of District 5 and its locals to make a meaningful impact in their local communities. By supporting the food bank’s mission, the IAM aimed to contribute to the well-being of those in need by providing essential items for essential nourishment. The IAM H.E.L.P.S. event highlighted the importance of community involvement, as the Great Plains Food Bank relies on volunteers to successfully fulfill its mission of alleviating hunger in the region.

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    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI: SEMCAP Launches SEMCAP AI to Capitalize on the Transformative Power of Artificial Intelligence

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    PHILADELPHIA, April 22, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — SEMCAP announces its new AI investment strategy, SEMCAP AI, to capitalize on the burgeoning Artificial Intelligence revolution that is fundamentally changing the way businesses operate, while tapping its decades of strong technology investment acumen. The investor announces this new vertical investment strategy alongside its other platforms focused on Food & Nutrition and Healthcare. Notably, SEMCAP AI will absorb the firm’s legacy Education strategy, and Education will be one area of focus for SEMCAP AI.

    SEMCAP AI targets influential investment stakes in high-growth, next generation AI platforms, with the majority of deals expected to be growth equity stage. This focus will include AI business applications, vertical solutions, and AI infrastructure solutions disrupting how businesses operate, increasing sales, boosting productivity and transforming entire markets.

    “As a team, we’ve been fortunate to be part of early tech-driven transformations and are very excited to tap into our tech roots and embrace the power of AI as the next major wave of disruption,” said Walter “Buck” Buckley, SEMCAP co-founder and co-CIO. “Having been around this block a few times, we understand the value of coupling transformative technologies with strong operating expertise to drive outsized growth. We firmly believe that AI has the potential be the greatest wave yet—and the biggest force of change we will witness in our lifetime.”

    Drawing on the team’s decades of experience investing in and leading technology businesses, SEMCAP AI takes influential positions in high growth businesses that have established product-market fit, demonstrated strong ROI for customers, have the potential to be market leaders, and the profound ability to transform entire industries. SEMCAP AI drives strong alignment with management and leverages active post-investment value creation and governance in seeking to maximize and accelerate the performance of its portfolio companies.

    SEMCAP AI Investment Team

    SEMCAP AI’s investment team is led by SEMCAP co-founders and co-CIOs, Buckley and Cyrus Vandrevala, as well as Managing Partner, Vince Menichelli, Managing Directors John Loftus, Erik Rasmussen and Abraham Kromah and Operating Partner, Bader Al-Rezaihan. Together members of this team have decades of shared experience building and investing in technology business while officers at Safeguard Scientifics, ICG and later Actua Corporation. SEMCAP AI has offices across the globe including in Wayne, Pennsylvania, Kuwait and Vancouver. In order to more fully capitalize on the enormous opportunity within AI, SEMCAP AI has partnered with Wayve Capital to offer public investment opportunities, in addition to their core offering of private investment strategies. The partnership also enables the teams to opportunistically source proprietary deals in the AI space through their vast respective networks.

    SEMCAP AI Strategic Operating Advisors

    The investor has also assembled a diverse, influential and well-connected team of Strategic Operating Advisors to assist in the sourcing and vetting of potential investment opportunities, while also working closely with portfolio companies to create value and lasting impact, post-investment. This includes providing targeted strategic support, strengthening management teams, expanding customer pipelines and providing access to the industry’s key decision makers. SEMCAP AI’s Strategic Operating Advisors hail from disparate but significant industries, ripe for transformation, and represent sectors where we expect accelerated transformation driven by artificial intelligence. SEMCAP AI’s advisors include:

    • Sylvia Acevedo is an engineer, advocate for girls’ STEM education, and a lifelong Girl Scout. She worked in leadership positions at a number of technology companies, such as Apple, Dell, and IBM, and served as head of the Girl Scouts of the United States of America. In 1983 she became one of the first Hispanic students—male or female—to earn a graduate degree in engineering from Stanford University. Acevedo was named the 2018 Cybersecurity Person on the Year. She was also named a 2019 Notable Woman in Tech by Crain’s magazine and one of the 100 Most Influential Latinas by Latino Leaders magazine in 2020.
    • Samantha Bradely serves as managing director of RealmSpark, a business unit of ASU Enterprise Partners that facilitates the capital investments necessary to fuel ASU’s modalities of learning. She brings years of experience in private equity, including with firms managing billions of dollars in assets, such as Truvvo Partners and Baron Capital.
    • Harry Keiley currently serves as chairman of the California State Teachers’ Retirement System (CalSTRS) Investment Committee, the largest educator-only pension fund in the world, with more than $300 Billion in assets under management. His previous positions include Chaiman of the Board of CalSTRS and multiple terms as President of the Santa Monica Classroom Teachers Association.

    SEMCAP AI’s Investment in Arcana Labs

    In conjunction with the launch of this new vertical investment strategy, SEMCAP AI recently announced that it led a $5.5 million investment round in Arcana Labs, a leading generative AI creative studio transforming the film and production industry. Arcana is revolutionizing key steps in the filmmaking process with its all-in-one generative AI tools, which were purpose-built for the film industry’s unique creative needs from pre-production to post-production. Buckley will join the Acana Board of Directors and Menichelli will serve as a Board observer.

    “From our first meeting with Buck and the SEMCAP team, we knew we had found partners who truly understood our vision for revolutionizing the creative industry with AI,” said Jonathan Yunger, co-founder and CEO of Arcana Labs. “Their deep expertise and strategic networks across multiple verticals, combined with their genuine enthusiasm for empowering artists through technology, makes them the ideal partner for Arcana’s next phase of growth. In a time when AI’s potential seems limitless, SEMCAP shares our commitment to putting Arcana’s powerful tools in the hands of artists while preserving the unmatched power of human creativity. SEMCAP’s partnership and guidance will help us accelerate our mission of making artist-driven AI accessible to creators and professionals everywhere.”

    “We are thrilled to officially launch SEMCAP AI and announce our investment in Arcana, which exemplifies the type of company that SEMCAP AI will seek to invest in moving forward. Arcana is delivering significant ROI to its customers and unequivocally transforming the film and production industry. Beyond that we believe it has the power to also completely upend multiple other markets like advertising, branding, interior design, and gaming,” said Buckley. “Additionally, I have been fortunate enough to witness firsthand how Arcana’s platform is revolutionizing the nearly $300 Billion global film industry through my work on a docuseries about George Washington. Using their platform, we were able to reduce our production time and costs by almost 90%, while producing a historically accurate and realistic end-product. We look forward to collaborating with Jonathan and the Arcana team to support and accelerate their growth and help transform the industry.”  

    About SEMCAP

    SEMCAP AI invests in high-growth, next-generation AI companies that are disrupting how businesses operate, boosting productivity and transforming markets. Led by a highly skilled investment team with deep operating and investing experience in technology and AI, the team provides unique deal insight and support for strategic partnering and enhanced growth. SEMCAP AI is one of SEMCAP’s three platforms – AI, food & nutrition and health. SEMCAP is a growth equity platform committed to investing across sectors that have the greatest impact on society.

    About Arcana

    Arcana Labs is an artist-driven AI company that empowers creators with model agnostic AI-powered creative tools. Founded by a braintrust of tech nerds and Hollywood blockbuster filmmakers, Arcana Labs is revolutionizing the AI art space by marrying traditional creative processes with the magic of AI, empowering Artist-driven AI, rather than AI-driven art. The company’s flagship product, Arcana AI, gives artists an all-in-one, “AI production company in a box,” with sleek, easy-to-use tools that assist artists rather than replace them. https://www.arcanalabs.ai/

    This release is provided for informational purposes only, and does not constitute investment advice, a recommendation or an offer or solicitation to purchase or sell any securities to any person in any jurisdiction in which an offer, solicitation, purchase or sale would be unlawful under the securities laws of such jurisdiction. This material may contain estimates and forward-looking statements, which may include forecasts and do not represent a guarantee of future performance. This information is not intended to be complete or exhaustive and no representations or warranties, either express or implied, are made regarding the accuracy or completeness of the information contained herein. The views expressed are as of April 22, 2025, and are subject to change without notice. Reliance upon information in this material is at the sole discretion of the reader. Investing involves significant risks.

    ©2025 Seminal Capital Holdings, LLC. All rights reserved. SEMCAP is a trademark of Seminal Capital Holdings, LLC.

    Media contact:
    Michelle Musburger
    michelle@musburger.com
    773.230.0629

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: WSO2 Launches Ambassador Program to Empower Tech Advocates

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Colombo, Sri Lanka, April 22, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — WSO2, the leader in enterprise digital infrastructure technology, today announced the launch of the WSO2 Ambassador Program, a global initiative that celebrates and supports the most passionate voices in its tech community, including developers and architects. This program is designed to recognize individuals who actively share knowledge, inspire innovation, and contribute to the growth of the open-source ecosystem powered by WSO2 technologies.

    At the heart of the digital era are developers and architects—the problem-solvers and builders of the digital experiences we use every day. WSO2 recognizes that its success is deeply tied to the passion and ingenuity of its developer community. Developers are not only consumers of WSO2’s open-source platforms for API management, integration, identity and access management and WSO2’s internal developer platform, Choreo; they are also co-creators, pushing the boundaries of what’s possible, improving the products through feedback, and building impactful solutions that serve millions. Architects, on the other hand, play a critical role in shaping the bigger picture—designing scalable, secure, and future-ready digital architectures that bring developer innovations to life.

    “Developers are the driving force behind innovation,” said Isabelle Mauny, Chief Developer Advocate at WSO2. “They are not merely users of our products—they are instrumental in shaping them. Architects help ensure that solutions built on WSO2’s platforms are robust, cohesive, and aligned with long-term business goals. The WSO2 Ambassador Program is our way of acknowledging their contributions and supporting their continued growth. Whether through leading community meetups, publishing technical tutorials, or contributing to our codebase, our ambassadors play a vital role in empowering others to succeed with WSO2.”

    WSO2’s commitment to open source goes beyond code—it’s about people. The Ambassador Program is a natural extension of that commitment. By offering mentorship, visibility, and support, WSO2 aims to empower developers to become leaders in their communities and advance their personal and professional growth.

    What Ambassadors can expect:

    • Skill-building opportunities in community leadership, developer advocacy, and public speaking
    • Sponsorship for local events, meetups, and conferences to grow regional communities
    • Visibility and recognition through WSO2’s digital channels and media
    • Access to exclusive WSO2 events, tools, and swag
    • Direct collaboration with WSO2 teams, providing feedback and influence on product direction

    The program is open to developers, architects, and technical leaders with experience using WSO2 technology and a passion for empowering others through content, events, and code. Ambassadors can contribute at their own pace, with flexible engagement levels.

    “Being a WSO2 Ambassador is not about holding a title—it is about making a meaningful impact,” Mauny explained. “It recognizes those developers who dedicate their time to writing tutorials, answering questions in forums, and mentoring the next generation of technologists. Our goal is to support their efforts, elevate their contributions, and connect them with a global community of peers and innovators.”

    Visit the WSO2 Ambassadors Page to learn more about the program, meet our 2025 ambassadors, and find out how you can get involved.

    About WSO2
    Founded in 2005, WSO2 is the largest independent software vendor providing open-source API management, integration, and identity and access management (IAM) to thousands of enterprises in over 90 countries. WSO2’s products and platforms—including our next-gen internal developer platform, Choreo—empower organizations to leverage the full potential of artificial intelligence and APIs for securely delivering the next generation of AI-enabled digital services and applications. Our open-source, AI-driven, API-first approach frees developers and architects from vendor lock-in and enables rapid digital product creation. Recognized as leaders by industry analysts, WSO2 has more than 800 employees worldwide with offices in Australia, Brazil, Germany, India, Sri Lanka, the UAE, the UK, and the US, with over USD100M in annual recurring revenue. Visit https://wso2.com to learn more. Follow WSO2 on LinkedIn and X (Twitter).

    Trademarks and registered trademarks are the properties of their respective owners.

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: Fullstory Appoints Chad Gold as Chief Financial Officer

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    ATLANTA, April 22, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Fullstory, a leading behavioral data company, today announced the appointment of Chad Gold as its chief financial officer (CFO). Gold brings over two decades of financial leadership experience in high-growth technology companies to Fullstory, where he will oversee the company’s financial strategy and operations.

    “Chad’s extensive experience in scaling technology companies aligns perfectly with Fullstory’s vision for growth,” said Scott Voigt, CEO of Fullstory. “His strategic financial leadership will be instrumental as we continue to expand our offerings and deliver data-driven value to our customers. I couldn’t be more excited to welcome Chad to the team, especially given his deep ties to the Atlanta tech community and proven track record of helping high-growth companies thrive here.”

    As CFO, Gold will focus on driving Fullstory’s continued growth, particularly as the company scales into the enterprise market. He will also work closely with the leadership team to support Fullstory’s product innovations, including the recent launch of new AI-agent-powered behavioral data solutions.

    “Fullstory is in a prime position to lead the charge in AI innovation, thanks to the unmatched depth and quality of our behavioral data,” said Gold. “Businesses increasingly turn to AI to drive transformation, and I’m excited to contribute to that momentum. Fullstory is expanding its offerings, providing greater access to workforce intelligence and cutting-edge AI capabilities. I’m proud to be part of the team launching these innovations and am ready to start helping businesses turn data into meaningful, measurable outcomes.”

    Prior to joining Fullstory, Gold served as CFO at G2, where he led financial strategy, investor relations, and business operations. He previously held the CFO role at Salesloft, guiding the company through rapid growth and a majority investment by Vista Equity Partners. Gold has also held senior finance roles at Rubicon Global, SAP Ariba, and The Home Depot. He was named CFO of the Year by the Atlanta Business Chronicle in 2022.

    Gold’s appointment follows a series of strategic executive hires at Fullstory. In March 2024, the company welcomed Jason Wolf as president to lead growth and expansion initiatives. In August 2024, Fullstory appointed Claire Fang as chief product and technology officer – leading the product, design, and engineering teams. These additions underscore Fullstory’s commitment to strengthening its leadership team to support its ongoing growth and innovation.

    About Fullstory
    Fullstory is on a mission to help technology leaders make better, more informed decisions by injecting behavioral data into their analytics stack. The company’s patented technology unlocks the power of quality behavioral data at scale by transforming every digital visit into actionable data and insights. With Fullstory, enterprises can get closer to their customers’ true sentiments and intentions to predict what they want, create personalized experiences, and drive conversion, loyalty, and revenue. Fullstory is headquartered in Atlanta, USA, with regional teams across North America, EMEA, and APAC. For more information, visit www.fullstory.com.

    Fullstory Media Relations
    Alexandra King
    Director of Communications
    pr@fullstory.com

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: Euronet and Prosegur Cash Launch Independent ATM Network in Peru and the Dominican Republic

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    LEAWOOD, Kan. and MADRID, April 22, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Euronet (NASDAQ: EEFT), a global leader in payments processing and cross-border transactions, and Prosegur Cash (Spanish SE: CASH), a global Cash-In-Transit company with strong leadership in Latin American markets, announced today the launch of their Independent ATM Network (IAD) in Peru and the Dominican Republic. The initiative is part of their joint venture agreement, branded as LATM (a combination of LATAM and ATM), to deploy independent ATMs across most countries of Latin America and provide comprehensive ATM As-a-Service solutions to banks and financial institutions in the region.

    The initiative is sponsored by leading local financial institutions in both markets: Banco Alfin, recognized in Peru for its commitment to digitalization and technological innovation, and Banco BHD, the second-largest private bank in the Dominican Republic. The joint venture will provide state-of-the-art ATM solutions in key locations across both countries where cash is needed most, including popular destinations attracting international travelers. The ATMs will feature the distinct and well-recognized LATM branding, showcasing the combined strengths of the parties in providing financial services at scale. The BHD and Alfin brands will also be displayed on respective LATM ATMs in the Dominican Republic and Peru.

    The joint venture leverages Euronet’s Ren payments platform and the company’s extensive portfolio of value-added ATM management services as well as Prosegur Cash’s customer-centric, on-the-ground operational services for cash management, end-to-end hardware services and facilities management.

    “We are thrilled with the launch of our first markets with Independent ATM Networks in Latin America through our joint venture with Prosegur Cash,” said Nikos Fountas, Euronet EVP and CEO EFT Americas, Europe, Middle East and Africa. “This joint venture positions us for rapid growth in the region. We are confident that we will achieve a rapid pace of ATM deployment in these countries based on well-established local partnerships backed by our global processing centers. The deployment of our IAD in the region is also an excellent platform for providing ATM As-a-Service to banks and financial institutions.”

    “The start of operations in Peru and the Dominican Republic represents the full and effective development of the agreement reached with Euronet and is a winning model which we will see soon in many more countries in the region,” said José Antonio Lasanta, CEO of Prosegur Cash, in welcoming the launch in the two countries.

    About Prosegur Cash

    Prosegur Cash is a company dedicated to cash logistics and cash management that covers the complete cash cycle. It employs around 45,000 people, in more than 31 countries, and in 2023, it obtained revenues of 1,861 million euros. Prosegur Cash is positioned as a global benchmark with a clear vocation for leadership. In addition, the company articulates its social commitment by working on ten of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals of the United Nations in which it considers it can generate a positive impact.

    Prosegur Cash is part of The Climate Pledge, an international alliance whose members have pledged to generate zero net carbon emissions by 2040. Prosegur Cash is listed on the Spanish stock exchanges under the symbol CASH.

    For more information visit: www.prosegurcash.com

    About Euronet

    A global leader in payments processing and cross-border transactions, Euronet moves money in all the ways consumers and businesses depend upon. This includes money transfers, credit/debit processing, ATMs, point-of-sale services, branded payments, currency exchange and more. With products and services in more than 200 countries and territories provided through its own brand and branded business segments, Euronet and its financial technologies and networks make participation in the global economy easier, faster and more secure for everyone.

    Starting in Central Europe in 1994, Euronet now supports an extensive global real-time digital and cash payments network that includes 55,248 installed ATMs, approximately 1,160,000 EFT point-of-sale terminals and a growing portfolio of outsourced debit and credit card services which are under management in 67 countries; card software solutions; a prepaid processing network of approximately 777,000 point-of-sale terminals at approximately 362,000 retailer locations in 64 countries; and a global money transfer network of approximately 607,000 locations serving 197 countries and territories with digital connections to 4.1 billion bank accounts and 3.1 billion digital wallet accounts. Euronet serves clients from its corporate headquarters in Leawood, Kansas, USA, and 67 worldwide offices. For more information, please visit the company’s website at www.euronetworldwide.com.

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: Parallels’ Survey Reveals Midsize Companies Lead EUC Market Shift: 63% Seek New VDI or DaaS Solutions, 94% Plan Implementation Within a Year

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    AUSTIN, Texas, April 22, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Parallels, a global leader in virtualization and end-user computing (EUC) solutions, today released findings from its 2025 State of Cloud Computing Survey, revealing a major shift in the EUC market driven by *midsize organizations. Faced with rising costs and the complexities of legacy virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI), 63% of midsize companies are actively exploring new VDI or Desktop-as-a-Service (DaaS) providers, and 94% plan to implement a new solution within the next 12 months.

    “Mid-market companies are facing growing IT demands without enterprise-level budgets,” said Prashant Ketkar, Chief Technology & Product Officer at Parallels. “They’re under pressure to streamline operations, from application delivery and cloud management to VDI support—while also strengthening cybersecurity and enabling remote work. This is forcing organizations to reevaluate their application delivery infrastructure strategies in favor of more cost-effective, secure, and flexible solution.”

    Top Challenges with Current VDI Solutions

    The survey asked mid-market IT leaders to rank the most pressing challenges they face with their current VDI solutions. The results point to a clear trend: complexity, cost, and manageability remain major pain points. Respondents ranked the following issues as their top concerns, with 1 being the most critical:

    1. Requires too many IT resources
    2. Lack of centralized control
    3. Too expensive
    4. Too complex
    5. Unreliable/performance issues

    As organizations seek to address these challenges, several key factors are influencing their decisions to change their IT strategies.

    Key Drivers Behind Shifting IT Strategies

    As the VDI market continues to experience disruption, mid-market organizations are reevaluating their IT strategies to better align with their current and future needs. When asked about the leading factors influencing potential change, survey respondents cited the following:

    • Rising costs – 43%
    • Concern over future support – 26%
    • Lack of integration – 18%
    • Uncertain product roadmaps – 13%
    • Other – 1%

    These insights point to a growing demand for solutions that reduce operational overhead while offering long-term stability and seamless integration. IT leaders are not only looking for ways to cut costs, but they’re also seeking trusted partners with clear product direction and the ability to support evolving infrastructure strategies.

    According to Gartner®, “Vendors push for organizations to embrace 100% cloud deployment, but most MSEs continue to find benefits in a hybrid approach that balances both on-premises and cloud advantages. MSE CIOs or the most senior IT leaders report that, on average, 40% of their applications and infrastructure remain on-premises.” This underscores the importance of flexible solutions that can support both cloud and on-premises deployments, allowing businesses to modernize at their own pace, without sacrificing performance, control, or budget.

    Cybersecurity Budgets on the Rise

    With cybersecurity threats continuing to evolve, mid-market organizations are prioritizing stronger defenses in their IT strategies. According to the survey, an overwhelming majority – nine out of 10 – plan to boost their cybersecurity investments in 2025:

    • 41% reported their cybersecurity budget is increasing significantly
    • 48% said it’s increasing moderately
    • Only 9% plan to maintain current spending levels, and just 1% anticipate a decrease

    These results underscore how critical cybersecurity has become, not just as a protective measure, but as a foundational element of digital transformation and business resilience.

    “What we’re hearing from IT leaders is a desire for choice, security & simplicity without compromise—solutions that are easy to deploy, run & manage,” said Ketkar. “At Parallels, we’re focused on delivering powerful, streamlined application delivery & infrastructure solutions that help midsize businesses stay agile, reduce costs, and modernize at their own pace.”

    Survey Methodology

    Parallels’ 2025 State of Cloud Computing Survey was conducted in December 2024 with data from 600 IT professionals across the United States, the United Kingdom, Canada, Japan, and the European Union about their cloud journeys to discover what’s working, what isn’t, and what’s next. To see the full results of the study, click here.

    *Note: Mid-size companies are defined as those with 300 to 1,000 employees.

    Gartner Attribution

    Gartner, Midsize Enterprises Optimize Cloud and On-Premises Strategies, By Mike Cisek, Megha Bawa, 30 October 2024.

    GARTNER is a registered trademark and service mark of Gartner, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and internationally and is used herein with permission. All rights reserved.

    About Parallels

    Parallels is a global leading brand in cross-platform solutions that make it simple for businesses and individuals to use and access the applications and files they need on any device or operating system. Parallels helps customers leverage the best technology out there, whether it’s Windows, Mac, Chrome OS, iOS, Android, or the cloud. Parallels solves complex engineering and user-experience problems by making it simple and cost-effective for businesses and individual customers to use applications anywhere, anytime. Parallels is part of the Alludo™ portfolio. For more information, please visit www.parallels.com.

    © 2025 Parallels International GmbH. All rights reserved. Parallels is a trademark or registered trademark of Parallels International GmbH. in Canada, the United States and/or elsewhere. Mac is a trademark of Apple Inc. Android and ChromeOS are trademarks of Google LLC. All other company, product and service names, logos, brands and any registered or unregistered trademarks mentioned are used for identification purposes only and remain the exclusive property of their respective owners. For all notices and legal information please visit www.parallels.com/about/legal/.

    Ashley Ruess
    ashley.ruess@alludo.com

    Photos accompanying this announcement are available at:

    https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/35459dc5-1e10-4e50-9abc-ed2b7f7095c6

    https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/2349b4ed-a6f7-4a0c-b396-738053f19f6c

    https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/94d70f23-d073-4575-ae86-0d01cb1af7b2

    https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/47116ec4-5d36-49c0-8f76-c2f03f90f41e

    https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/9776da51-f483-45e1-ad4a-f077bebd426c

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: illumin Holdings Inc. Announces Date for First Quarter 2025 Financial and Operating Results

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    TORONTO and NEW YORK, April 22, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — illumin Holdings Inc. (TSX: ILLM, OTCQB: ILLMF) (“illumin” or “Company”), a leader in digital advertising technology that empowers marketers to make smarter decisions about communicating with online consumers, announces that it will report its first quarter 2025 financial results before market open on Friday, May 9, 2025.

    Investors and analysts are invited to join a live webcast on Friday, May 9, 2025, at 8:30 AM ET, where CEO, Simon Cairns and CFO, Elliot Muchnik will discuss illumin’s First Quarter 2025 results, followed by a question-and-answer session.

    Conference Call Details:

    To register for the conference call webcast and presentation, please visit: https://events.illumin.com/q1-2025-earnings-call

    Please connect at least 15 minutes prior, to ensure time for any software download that may be needed to hear the webcast.

    A recording of the conference call webcast will be available after the call by visiting the Company’s website at https://illumin.com/investor-information/.

    About illumin:

    illumin is evolving the digital advertising landscape by empowering marketers to achieve transformative results through its customer-centric approach. Featuring a unified canvas built around the open web, illumin lets brands and agencies seamlessly plan, build, and execute campaigns across the entire marketing funnel—connecting programmatic channels, email, and social media within a single platform. Headquartered in Toronto, Canada, illumin serves clients across North America, Latin America, and Europe. For more information, visit illumin.com.

    For further information, please contact.

    Steve Hosein David Hanover
    Investor relations  Investor Relations – U.S.
    illumin Holdings Inc. KCSA Strategic Communications
    416-218-9888 x5313 212-896-1220
    investors@illumin.com dhanover@kcsa.com
       

    Disclaimer regarding Forward-looking Statements

    Certain statements included herein constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of applicable securities laws. Forward-looking statements are necessarily based upon a number of estimates and assumptions that, while considered reasonable by management at this time, are inherently subject to significant business, economic and competitive uncertainties and contingencies.  Investors are cautioned not to put undue reliance on forward-looking statements.  Except as required by law, the Company does not intend, and undertakes no obligation, to update any forward-looking statements to reflect, in particular, new information or future events.

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Perfect brownies baked at high altitude are possible thanks to Colorado’s home economics pioneer Inga Allison

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Tobi Jacobi, Professor of English, Colorado State University

    Students work in the high-altitude baking laboratory. Archives and Special Collections, Colorado State University

    Many bakers working at high altitudes have carefully followed a standard recipe only to reach into the oven to find a sunken cake, flat cookies or dry muffins.

    Experienced mountain bakers know they need a few tricks to achieve the same results as their fellow artisans working at sea level.

    These tricks are more than family lore, however. They originated in the early 20th century thanks to research on high-altitude baking done by Inga Allison, then a professor at Colorado State University. It was Allison’s scientific prowess and experimentation that brought us the possibility of perfect high-altitude brownies and other baked goods.

    Inga Allison’s high-altitude brownie recipe.
    Archives and Special Collections, Colorado State University

    We are two current academics at CSU whose work has been touched by Allison’s legacy.

    One of us – Caitlin Clark – still relies on Allison’s lessons a century later in her work as a food scientist in Colorado. The other – Tobi Jacobi – is a scholar of women’s rhetoric and community writing, and an enthusiastic home baker in the Rocky Mountains, who learned about Allison while conducting archival research on women’s work and leadership at CSU.

    That research developed into “Knowing Her,” an exhibition Jacobi developed with Suzanne Faris, a CSU sculpture professor. The exhibit highlights dozens of women across 100 years of women’s work and leadership at CSU and will be on display through mid-August 2025 in the CSU Fort Collins campus Morgan Library.

    A pioneer in home economics

    Inga Allison is one of the fascinating and accomplished women who is part of the exhibit.

    Allison was born in 1876 in Illinois and attended the University of Chicago, where she completed the prestigious “science course” work that heavily influenced her career trajectory. Her studies and research also set the stage for her belief that women’s education was more than preparation for domestic life.

    In 1908, Allison was hired as a faculty member in home economics at Colorado Agricultural College, which is now CSU. She joined a group of faculty who were beginning to study the effects of altitude on baking and crop growth. The department was located inside Guggenheim Hall, a building that was constructed for home economics education but lacked lab equipment or serious research materials.

    Inga Allison was a professor of home economics at Colorado Agricultural College, where she developed recipes that worked in high altitudes.
    Archives and Special Collections, Colorado State University

    Allison took both the land grant mission of the university with its focus on teaching, research and extension and her particular charge to prepare women for the future seriously. She urged her students to move beyond simple conceptions of home economics as mere preparation for domestic life. She wanted them to engage with the physical, biological and social sciences to understand the larger context for home economics work.

    Such thinking, according to CSU historian James E. Hansen, pushed women college students in the early 20th century to expand the reach of home economics to include “extension and welfare work, dietetics, institutional management, laboratory research work, child development and teaching.”

    News articles from the early 1900s track Allison giving lectures like “The Economic Side of Natural Living” to the Colorado Health Club and talks on domestic science to ladies clubs and at schools across Colorado. One of her talks in 1910 focused on the art of dishwashing.

    Allison became the home economics department chair in 1910 and eventually dean. In this leadership role, she urged then-CSU President Charles Lory to fund lab materials for the home economics department. It took 19 years for this dream to come to fruition.

    In the meantime, Allison collaborated with Lory, who gave her access to lab equipment in the physics department. She pieced together equipment to conduct research on the relationship between cooking foods in water and atmospheric pressure, but systematic control of heat, temperature and pressure was difficult to achieve.

    She sought other ways to conduct high-altitude experiments and traveled across Colorado where she worked with students to test baking recipes in varied conditions, including at 11,797 feet in a shelter house on Fall River Road near Estes Park.

    Inga Allison tested her high-altitude baking recipes at 11,797 feet at the shelter house on Fall River Road, near Estes Park, Colorado.
    Archives and Special Collections, Colorado State University

    But Allison realized that recipes baked at 5,000 feet in Fort Collins and Denver simply didn’t work in higher altitudes. Little advancement in baking methods occurred until 1927, when the first altitude baking lab in the nation was constructed at CSU thanks to Allison’s research. The results were tangible — and tasty — as public dissemination of altitude-specific baking practices began.

    A 1932 bulletin on baking at altitude offers hundreds of formulas for success at heights ranging from 4,000 feet to over 11,000 feet. Its author, Marjorie Peterson, a home economics staff person at the Colorado Experiment Station, credits Allison for her constructive suggestions and support in the development of the booklet.

    Science of high-altitude baking

    As a senior food scientist in a mountain state, one of us – Caitlin Clark – advises bakers on how to adjust their recipes to compensate for altitude. Thanks to Allison’s research, bakers at high altitude today can anticipate how the lower air pressure will affect their recipes and compensate by making small adjustments.

    The first thing you have to understand before heading into the kitchen is that the higher the altitude, the lower the air pressure. This lower pressure has chemical and physical effects on baking.

    Air pressure is a force that pushes back on all of the molecules in a system and prevents them from venturing off into the environment. Heat plays the opposite role – it adds energy and pushes molecules to escape.

    When water is boiled, molecules escape by turning into steam. The less air pressure is pushing back, the less energy is required to make this happen. That’s why water boils at lower temperatures at higher altitudes – around 200 degrees Fahrenheit in Denver compared with 212 F at sea level.

    So, when baking is done at high altitude, steam is produced at a lower temperature and earlier in the baking time. Carbon dioxide produced by leavening agents also expands more rapidly in the thinner air. This causes high-altitude baked goods to rise too early, before their structure has fully set, leading to collapsed cakes and flat muffins. Finally, the rapid evaporation of water leads to over-concentration of sugars and fats in the recipe, which can cause pastries to have a gummy, undesirable texture.

    Allison learned that high-altitude bakers could adjust to their environment by reducing the amount of sugar or increasing liquids to prevent over-concentration, and using less of leavening agents like baking soda or baking powder to prevent dough from rising too quickly.

    Allison was one of many groundbreaking women in the early 20th century who actively supported higher education for women and advanced research in science, politics, humanities and education in Colorado.

    Others included Grace Espy-Patton, a professor of English and sociology at CSU from 1885 to 1896 who founded an early feminist journal and was the first woman to register to vote in Fort Collins. Miriam Palmer was an aphid specialist and master illustrator whose work crafting hyper-realistic wax apples in the early 1900s allowed farmers to confirm rediscovery of the lost Colorado Orange apple, a fruit that has been successfully propagated in recent years.

    In 1945, Allison retired as both an emerita professor and emerita dean at CSU. She immediately stepped into the role of student and took classes in Russian and biochemistry.

    In the fall of 1958, CSU opened a new dormitory for women that was named Allison Hall in her honor.

    “I had supposed that such a thing happened only to the very rich or the very dead,” Allison told reporters at the dedication ceremony.

    Read more of our stories about Colorado.

    The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Perfect brownies baked at high altitude are possible thanks to Colorado’s home economics pioneer Inga Allison – https://theconversation.com/perfect-brownies-baked-at-high-altitude-are-possible-thanks-to-colorados-home-economics-pioneer-inga-allison-251778

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI USA: MATSUI STATEMENT ON THE PASSING OF POPE FRANCIS

    Source: United States House of Representatives – Congresswoman Doris Matsui (D-CA)

    SACRAMENTO, CA – Today, Congresswoman Doris Matsui (CA-07) issued the following statement after the passing of Pope Francis.

    “Pope Francis was a beacon of compassion and hope for people of faith across the world,” said Congresswoman Matsui. “He lived a life of leadership through action. Whether tending to the sick or serving the poorest and most persecuted among us – Pope Francis encouraged us to find our shared humanity. To embrace one another and empathize with those around us. To harness our strength and courage for the common good. He reminded us of our collective obligation to protect our environment and our planet for generations to come. My prayers are with the Catholic community around the world and all of those whose life he impacted. May he rest in peace.”

    # # #

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: MATSUI, HOULAHAN, BACON INTRODUCE BIPARTISAN LEGISLATION TO BLOCK AMERICORPS CUTS

    Source: United States House of Representatives – Congresswoman Doris Matsui (D-CA)

    The bipartisan Protect National Service Act would block federal funds from being used to cut the national service agency

    WASHINGTON, D.C. – Today, Congresswoman Doris Matsui (D-CA-07), Congresswoman Chrissy Houlahan (D-PA-06) and Congressman Don Bacon (R-NE-02) introduced the Protect National Service Act, which would prohibit federal dollars from being used to carry out AmeriCorps cuts and damaging the agency’s core functions. 

    This follows on the heels of a bipartisan letter that the three members and Republican Representative Brian Fitzpatrick (R-PA) sent to the White House on April 11 demanding that President Trump work with Congress on any proposed AmeriCorps reforms rather than pursue unilateral executive actions.  

    This legislation is in response to reporting that the Trump Administration is attempting to fire large swaths of the Agency’s workforce, beginning with its disaster relief efforts. Earlier this week, AmeriCorps members who had been working in North Carolina rebuilding from the effects of Hurricane Helene were recalled from their project sites ahead of termination on April 30. 

    “Let me be clear: dismantling AmeriCorps is an indefensible attack on some of our most patriotic and selfless young Americans. For 30 years, AmeriCorps has opened the door for people across this country to step up and serve,” said Congresswoman Matsui. “AmeriCorps members are on the front lines of public service: rebuilding after disasters, helping families file taxes, and tutoring children in struggling schools. Time and again, they’ve proven their power to bridge divides and drive meaningful progress across the country. Now, Donald Trump and Elon Musk want to tear down three decades of progress — without justification and without a plan. But here’s the truth: for every $1 Congress invests in AmeriCorps, our country gets back over $17 in economic and community benefits. That’s not just service — that’s impact. The American spirit of service runs deep. It’s in our DNA. We will fight for every piece of this program, because national service will endure.” 

    “I am horrified that the Trump Administration is attempting to gut AmeriCorps,” said Congresswoman Houlahan. “National service brings together Americans across political divides, uplifts communities, and is a terrific return on investment for the federal government. To target AmeriCorps, especially at a time when Members are still working to repair hurricane damage in North Carolina and elsewhere, is wrong.” 

    “While I am supportive of President Trump’s mission of cutting the size and cost of the federal government, I am deeply troubled that once again, they are using a sledgehammer approach on vital programs such as Americorps, which gives young people an opportunity to serve their country through programs such as disaster relief efforts and food banks,” said Congressman Bacon. “Not only do these young Americans lose the opportunity to make a difference, but programs connecting elderly volunteers with people in their age group who need help are being shut down because there is no one to run them. It seems that no thought goes into what gets cut, and DOGE is just slashing to meet some number goal.”  

    See bill text here. 

     

    # # #

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Undergraduate Political Review Gives Students Chance to Dig Deep Outside the Classroom

    Source: US State of Connecticut

    Ask three of the editors of UConn’s Undergraduate Political Review to describe what it’s like to talk about politics today and they use the same single word.

    Messy.

    As much as they study political science, listen to podcasts about it, talk with professors and friends about it, write about it, at times seemingly live and breathe it, there’s no other way for this trio to describe the state of political discussions today.

    What they add though after a short pause is that their coursework and involvement in the Undergraduate Political Review (UPR) has taught them to see both sides of issues, maybe even land on the middle ground when right debates left, and red and blue have at it.

    “There are smarter and more capable people than us analyzing these issues,” Alessandro Portolano ’25 (CLAS) says, “and engaging with their work helps us gain some appreciation, some humility if you will. That’s unique and probably needed in today’s world.”

    Portolano, a graduating senior who’s one of UPR’s seven associate editors, says he joined the review in fall 2023 when he was looking for a way to explore topics outside his history major, things he finds personally interesting like international relations, climate and conflict, and digital authoritarianism.

    “My interest in politics and history has always been there,” he says, attributing that to his father. “Bedtime stories as a kid were about the Roman empire. Julius Caesar was as familiar to me as Little Red Riding Hood.”

    So, the hours he spends each week researching and writing his own UPR stories in addition to editing pieces by other authors aren’t particularly arduous.

    Their eventual publication is just “an output of what you’re already engaging with and what you’re doing already,” he says. “You read the news. You think about these things. It’s just a way to formally express it.”

    UPR employs the talents of between 10 and 15 student writers and a handful of student editors twice a year to put out an edition each semester, explains Makenzie Cossette ’25 (CLAS), the editor-in-chief who’s graduating a year early in May with a degree in political science and an individualized major in law and society.

    Oksan Bayulgen and Evan Perkoski, both political science professors, serve as advisors, and their help – along with the rest of the department – is invaluable, she adds.

    Founded in 2015, the review is celebrating its 10th anniversary with its 20th issue, which was released online this week; print copies will be available by the end of the semester.

    “It’s a great opportunity to engage in academics outside of your classes, especially for people who aren’t political science majors but are still interested in politics,” Cossette says. “People think this is just a political science organization because it’s run through the department, but we are open to anyone in any major or field, as long as they’re an undergraduate student.”

    Take, for example, Yana Tartakovskiy ’25 (BUS) who joined UPR in the fall and is an associate editor this semester. She’s a graduating health care management major and wanted to look closer at health care policy than her classes allowed.

    Tartakovskiy’s first piece considered how the right to an abortion is being litigated in the courts, while this semester she’s researched some of the arguments favoring reproductive rights, like First Amendment claims from women who practice Judaism who say their religion allows them the right to an abortion.

    These are topics she’d researched in the past but hadn’t published for public consumption, she says. UPR gave her that venue.

    “I’m not going to lie, I’m not a huge politics fan,” Tartakovskiy admits. “I come from a family who has a wide range of political views because my parents and grandparents immigrated from the Soviet Union. So, politics is always such a heavily debated subject, and I hate to insert myself in there.”

    But she continues of UPR, “This organization gave me the pathway to not only focus on political issues but also see how they intertwine with things I am passionate about, which is health care, the health care system, and health care access for women.”

    In the fall 2024 edition, “The Politics of Influence: Global Trends & Local Realities,” pieces ranging from “The Taylor Swift Effect: Do Celebrity Endorsements Matter in Political Campaigns” to “The State of Medicaid in Connecticut” and “The Politics of Loneliness: Restoring Social Capital Amidst Social Impoverishment” kept editors busy.

    While each associate editor works throughout the semester with a couple of writers to polish articles, Cossette says the editor-in-chief is busiest at the start and end of the semester – matching editors and writers at the outset and assembling the final product at the end.

    With only three all-staff meetings a semester, most work is done independently.

    “Having a UPR gives students an outlet to look at issues more deeply than they can in an introductory class,” Portolano says, explaining he often seeks out professors with expertise in certain areas and schedules office hours with them – just to chat. “Making those relationships, developing your political language, and engaging with complex ideas in a way that is accessible to a general audience are important skills.”

    Tartakovskiy says she’s presenting in early May at George Washington University’s “The Student Journal Symposium for Literary and Research Publications,” and several others from UConn’s UPR participated in Fordham University’s similar event last semester.

    Professional development is one of the club’s strengths, Cossette says.

    A decade from now, Tartakovskiy says she hopes students from UConn, even elsewhere, will look at the scholarly research published in UPR as source material and cite it in their own research.

    Cossette says she hopes future members will continue to improve the look and feel of the digital and print products, while Portolano says fostering a UPR community that includes current writers and alums is something to aim for.

    “Having a formal publication at the university gives students an opportunity to have other people read and experience their ideas outside the traditional classroom format where only your professor is reading your work,” Cossette adds.

    “These are some formative years,” Portolano notes. “Being able to engage seriously with these topics that in many ways are going to define our future, I think, is important.”

    Cossette says she’s been interested in politics and the law since early high school when she took AP United States Government and Politics, so majoring in political science and participating in UConn’s Special Program in Law was a predicted path.

    She says she tried what some might call “fun clubs” when she came to UConn, “and then I ended up joining a political club because that’s what I find fun.”

    Tartakovskiy, who also is in the Special Program in Law, says that of the five or six organizations she’s been involved with during her time at UConn – including founding the student advocacy group Jewish on Campus UConn – UPR helped round her for the future.

    “Politics is scrutinize-criticize and that’s for the better because nothing is perfect, and for things to change or get better, they have to be scrutinized,” she says. “It’s nice to challenge one person’s opinion of an issue and get them to see the other side of it.”

    Even if it is messy.

    To celebrate its 10th anniversary, UPR held an alumni panel in late March with alums from the first couple of editions talking about the review’s early days and where their careers have taken them. Watch the panel discussion here.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: I-81 Viaduct Project Reaches Major Milestone

    Source: US State of New York

    overnor Kathy Hochul today announced the award of the fifth and final construction contract of phase one of the transformative Interstate 81 Viaduct Project in the City of Syracuse. The award of the nearly $251 million contract to Salt City Constructors marks a significant milestone in this historic project to reunite the long-divided communities of Syracuse’s Southside and modernize the entire transportation landscape of Central New York. It is the first contract to include removal of portions of the viaduct and signals the transition of the project away from its initial stages — which focused largely on improvements needed to redesignate Interstate 481 as the new I-81 — and toward the later phase of eliminating the viaduct and establishing the Community Grid. Work on the fifth contract is set to begin imminently.

    “Across the State, we are reimagining and reshaping our infrastructure to reconnect communities and address the misguided planning decisions of the past,” Governor Hochul said. “The award of the I-81 Viaduct Project’s latest contract is proof of the advancements we are making to reunite the Southside neighborhoods that were wrongly divided by this highway’s construction and is an indicator of the progress that is yet to come for all of Central New York.”

    The generational I-81 Viaduct Project is the largest project ever undertaken by the New York State Department of Transportation and is part of Governor Hochul’s unprecedented commitment to modernize New York State’s infrastructure and invest in projects that promote equity, connectivity, and multi-modal transportation opportunities for communities across the state. The project will remove a 1.4-mile stretch of elevated highway that has divided the City of Syracuse for decades and implement a Community Grid that will reconnect neighborhoods, modernize infrastructure, give motorists additional ways to safely access downtown Syracuse and improve mobility for pedestrians and bicyclists.

    Comprised of eight separate contracts, construction on the project began in the spring of 2023 and with the award of the fifth contract, New York State has now reached the major milestone of having all five phase one contracts in construction. The $33 billion NYSDOT Capital Plan adopted in 2022 helps fulfill the Governor’s vision for a modern transportation system that serves New Yorkers across the State. The project is being funded with a mix of federal and State resources.

    New York State Department of Transportation Commissioner Marie Therese Dominguez said, “Under Governor Kathy Hochul’s leadership, New York State is doing more to invest in infrastructure projects that are fundamentally transforming communities across the state – creating jobs and providing economic opportunities for generations of New Yorkers to come. The I-81 Viaduct project is an outstanding example of working with the community to develop and progress a project that truly reflects the transportation needs of the community. Today’s announcement is further proof that we are moving full speed ahead on this transformative project in the City of Syracuse, which will promote connectivity in all its forms, for communities across Central New York, leading to a brighter path forward for the thousands of residents – many of whom were negatively impacted by the viaduct’s construction over seventy five years ago.”

    As part of contract five, construction will begin in earnest on the southside of Syracuse, with the transformation of the southern end of Almond Street and I-81 into future Business Loop 81. Work includes reconstructing and converting I-81 to Business Loop 81 from just north of Colvin Street to Burt Street, gradually bringing the highway down to street grade, while introducing several traffic calming measures, including curved roadways and narrower lanes and shoulders. Plans also call for a grassy median, decorative lighting, and trees as traffic approaches Martin Luther King East.  View an aerial rendering.

    Contract five also includes the construction of a roundabout at Business Loop 81 and Van Buren Street, which will help slow northbound traffic as it approaches Martin Luther King East and downtown Syracuse. The roundabout was initially planned for a location at Martin Luther King East, near the STEAM at Dr. King Elementary School, but was relocated after community members expressed concerns about its proximity to the school. View a rendering of the roundabout at the intersection of Business Loop 81 and Van Buren Street looking west.

    As construction on contract five proceeds, two thirds of the way through completion, the viaduct will officially close to traffic south of Harrison Street and approximately seven spans of the viaduct will be removed. Southbound traffic destined for Exit 18 to Adams and Harrison Streets, and northbound traffic that enters using the on-ramp to I-81 at Harrison Street will remain on the viaduct. Temporary improvements will be made to Almond Street to allow for all traffic destined to or from Business Loop 81 to access the central business district.

    Additionally, a new railroad bridge will be constructed between Martin Luther King East and the new roundabout to carry the New York Susquehanna and Western Railway tracks over Business Loop 81. The new bridge will include blue painted steel and lighting to create a new gateway entrance into the City of Syracuse.

    Additional contract five components include:

    • An off-ramp from Business Loop 81 northbound to Colvin Street to enhance connectivity to the downtown areas, Syracuse University, and the university’s south campus. View a rendering of the new Colvin Street exit.
    • Improvements to the City of Syracuse and Onondaga County’s storm water runoff and sewage systems.
    • Pedestrian and cyclist amenities, including designated bike lanes, shared use paths, new sidewalks and crosswalks with enhanced pedestrian activated signals.
    • New traffic signals with video detection on mast arm poles to enhance safety and traffic flow.
    • Noise barriers along Business Loop 81 southbound between Martin Luther King East and along the off-ramp to South State Street, South Salina Street, and Brighton Avenue, in the northbound direction between a half mile south of the I-81 bridge over Colvin Street to just north of the I-81 bridge over Colvin Street.

    As part of NYSDOT’s ongoing commitment to engage with the community at every step of the process, several outreach events will be scheduled to keep stakeholders informed about the project, including an open house for southside residents to learn more about contract five construction.

    Senator Charles Schumer said, “With the fifth and final contract now awarded for Phase 1 of I-81’s transformation we have never been closer to realizing the dream of a reconnected Syracuse with green space and modern transportation for all. This contract will remove portions of the viaduct and signals that wheels are in motion to realize the city’s vision for a community grid to better connect Syracuse to a brighter future. When I led the Bipartisan Infrastructure & Jobs Law to passage, I did so with projects like Syracuse’s I-81 transformation as my north star. I am proud this significant over $250 million contract will be invested in Syracuse to reconnect the community and create good-paying construction jobs. I’m grateful for Governor Hochul and Mayor Walsh’s partnership in putting this federal funding to good use building the better, brighter future that Syracuse deserves.”

    Representative John W. Mannion said, “Today marks another visible step forward in removing the outdated I-81 viaduct and constructing a better, more connected Syracuse and Central New York. Thanks to Governor Hochul’s leadership and commitment to bold infrastructure investments, we are creating a safer, smarter road system that will deliver smoother drives, stronger neighborhoods, cleaner air, and a brighter future for the region.”

    State Senator Rachel May said, “The I-81 project is transforming Central New York, and it’s exciting to see the next phase begin. As the final contract is awarded, we must continue reinvesting in the Syracuse area, ensuring the high-quality construction jobs go to workers in our community. This once-in-a-lifetime project aims not only to improve our infrastructure but also to unite Syracuse and guide us toward a brighter future. Thank you to Governor Hochul for her leadership, NYSDOT for keeping the project on track, and my Senate Majority colleagues for their continued support.”

    State Senator Christopher Ryan said, “This milestone is about more than just one phase of concrete and construction — it’s part of a major step forward in reconnecting neighborhoods, restoring opportunity, and renewing a sense of unity across our community. For too long, infrastructure decisions have divided communities and limited potential across Central New York. With this next phase of the I-81 Project, we move closer to a future where every neighborhood in Syracuse and the surrounding area is part of the progress. I’m grateful to Governor Hochul for her partnership and her commitment to building a more connected and equitable CNY.”

    Assemblymember William Magnarelli said, “I am pleased to see the final Phase I contract of the I-81 Viaduct Project awarded. This marks an important step in the construction of the project. I look forward to its timely completion.”

    Assemblymember Pamela Hunter said, “This investment not only addresses decades of infrastructure inequity, but also sets the foundation for a more connected, accessible, and unified community. The removal of the viaduct and the creation of the Community Grid will help restore neighborhoods that have been divided for far too long, and I commend Governor Hochul and the Department of Transportation for their continued commitment to making this vision a reality.”

    Syracuse Mayor Ben Walsh said, “The award of Contract Five means Syracuse continues to be all systems go for the positive transformation of Interstate 81. Work has already been occurring within the City of Syracuse, and with these next stages we will see even more progress toward the Community Grid. I thank Governor Hochul, Commissioner Dominguez and the entire New York State Department of Transportation I-81 project team for advancing this critically important public infrastructure project.”

    Follow the I-81 Viaduct Project on Facebook, Instagram, and X or visit our website.

    About the Department of Transportation
    It is the mission of the New York State Department of Transportation to provide a safe, reliable, equitable, and resilient transportation system that connects communities, enhances quality of life, protects the environment and supports the economic well-being of New York State.

    Lives are on the line; slow down and move over for highway workers!

    For more information, find us on Facebook, follow us on X or Instagram, or visit our website. For up-to-date travel information, call 511, visit www.511NY.org or download the free 511NY mobile app.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Justice Department Files Statement of Interest in Support of North Carolina Church in Land Use Case

    Source: US State of California

    The Justice Department filed a statement of interest Friday in support of a Christian Church in North Carolina alleging violations of federal law by the Chatham County Board of Commissioners.

    The Civil Rights Division filed the statement in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina supporting a claim by a Christian church under the Religious Land Use and Institutionalized Persons Act (RLUIPA). The Church alleges the County unlawfully denied an application to rezone several parcels of land to allow the church to build a new place of worship.

    “RLUIPA protects the rights of religious groups to exercise their faith free from the precise type of undue government interference exhibited here,” said Assistant Attorney General Harmeet K. Dhillon of the Justice Department’s Civil Rights Division. “The Civil Rights Division is committed to defending religious liberties as our founders intended and as federal law requires.”

    Summit Church-Homestand Heights Baptist Church worshipped at East Chapel Hill High School for several years but has grown and now needs additional space to meet the religious needs of its congregation. In its complaint, Summit Church claims that the denial of its rezoning applications by the Board treated the Church on less than equal terms to nonreligious assemblies and imposed an unjustified substantial burden on its religious exercise.

    Summit Church filed a motion for preliminary injunction, seeking an order requiring the County to approve the church’s rezoning request and associated site plan. The County moved to dismiss the lawsuit, arguing the zoning decision is a “legislative act” under state law and is therefore not controlled by RLUIPA. The department’s statement of interest supports the church’s claim that RLUIPA protects against the County’s discriminatory zoning decision.

    RLUIPA is a federal law that guards individuals and religious institutions from unduly burdensome, unequal, or discriminatory land use regulations. More information about RLUIPA and the department’s work can be found on the Place to Worship Initiative’s webpage.

    As part of this initiative, the department distributed a letter to state, county, and municipal leaders throughout the country to remind them of their obligations under RLUIPA, including its requirement that land use regulations treat religious assemblies and institutions at least as well as nonreligious assemblies and institutions.

    Individuals who believe they have been subjected to discrimination in land use or zoning decisions may contact the U.S. Attorney’s Office Civil Division’s Civil Rights Section at (718) 254-7000 or the Civil Rights Division’s Housing and Civil Enforcement Section at (833) 591-0291 or may submit a complaint through the RLUIPA complaint portal. More information about RLUIPA, including questions and answers about the law and other documents, may be found at www.justice.gov/crt/about/hce/rluipaexplain.php.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI Global: To truly understand Pope Francis’ theology – and impact – you need to look to his life in Buenos Aires

    Source: The Conversation – Global Perspectives – By Fernanda Peñaloza, Senior Lecturer in Latin American Studies, University of Sydney

    Pope Francis’ journey from the streets of Flores, a neighbourhood in Buenos Aires, Argentina, to the Vatican, is a remarkable tale.

    Born in 1936, Jorge Bergoglio was raised in a middle-class family of Italian Catholic immigrants.

    Bergoglio defied his mother’s wish for him to become a medical doctor and chose instead to pursue priesthood, a calling he felt during confession. The young man joined the Jesuits in the 1950s, attracted to the order’s vow of poverty and its ethos of serving others and living simply.

    He became a priest in 1969, Archbishop of Buenos Aires in 1998, and took on the papacy in 2013. As Pope Francis, his dedication to social justice was deeply rooted in the Latin American context.

    The region’s history of inequality, poverty and political upheaval greatly influenced his perspective.

    The young Argentinian priest

    Bergoglio, a devoted supporter of the San Lorenzo soccer team, was also a confident tango dancer, mate drinker, and an unconditional admirer of his compatriot, Jorge Luis Borges, one of the most influential writers of the 20th century.

    In 1965, the two men collaborated on the publication of short stories written by Bergoglio’s literature students. The students had been inspired by a seminar led by Borges, organised by the young priest.

    Borges thought highly of Bergoglio, finding him charming and intelligent. For Borges, Bergoglio was a Jesuit through and through, noting the clerics of that order had been historically transgressive as well as possessors of a good sense of humour.

    While Borges never saw him transformed into Pope Francis, his observations somehow fit with the respect Bergoglio earned as a global leader.

    Theology of the people

    As Archbishop of Buenos Aires, he lived modestly, often taking public transport and dedicating himself to the poor and disenfranchised. He personally attended the needs of underprivileged neighbourhoods known as villas miseria (literally “misery towns”) in Argentine Spanish.

    He was a vocal opponent to economic inequality. During the 2001 Argentine economic crisis he advocated for the rights and dignity of impoverished citizens.

    Pope Francis hails from a region deeply influenced by the progressive movements of Catholic priests and nuns, who were significantly inspired by liberation theology during the 1960s in Latin America.

    Liberation theology developed in Latin America during the latter part of the 20th century, as a reaction to significant political and theological transformations in the area. It believed in political liberation for the oppressed, inspired by the Cuban Revolution and Second Vatican Council by Pope John XXIII, both in 1959.

    While Francis did not fully subscribe to the tenets of liberation theology, much of his dedication to social justice aligns with its ideals. Pope Francis’ social awareness was deeply shaped by the “theology of the people”.

    Distinct to Argentina, and emerging in the 1960s, the theology of the people shared liberation theology’s focus on social justice, but is devoid of Marxist ideology, and emphasises the dignity and agency of the marginalised and the impoverished.

    During Argentina’s dictatorial regime from 1976–83, Bergoglio led the Jesuits. But he did not adopt the highly dangerous stance of full opposition typical among liberation theologians elsewhere in Argentina and other parts of Latin America.

    Commenting on Latin American affairs

    In his early years as the Pope, he resonated with progressive Catholics across Latin America, because of his grounding in Argentinian theology and his focus on social justice. But in recent years, his popularity in some Latin American countries declined.

    In Argentina, this dip in enthusiasm is partly attributed to his decision not to visit, despite travelling to neighbouring nations.

    More profoundly, the decline likely stems from his fixed stance against contentious issues such as same-sex marriage and abortion. To the disappointment of many Argentines and other Latin American citizens, he refused to compromise.

    Throughout his papacy, Pope Francis received all Argentine presidents – even those who were previously critical of him, such as Cristina Fernández de Kirchner.

    He maintained a strong connection to his Buenos Aires roots and remained engaged with Argentina’s social and political landscape, often commenting on situations that provoke strong reactions from politicians.

    He was a critic of policies instituted by the current President of Argentina, Javier Milei, particularly Milei’s libertarian model of economy and the government’s brutal response to public dissent and opposition. In September 2024, the Pope famously said:

    the government put its foot down: instead of paying for social justice, it paid for pepper spray.

    An alternative model of leadership

    By reflecting on how Pope Francis’ theology is rooted in the Argentina he grew up in, we can better understand his actions as Pope.

    He made significant contributions in the Latin American region. He played a mediating role between the United States and Cuba, supported the peace process in Colombia, and highlighted the environmental devastation caused by mining companies in the Amazon.

    He publicly apologised to Indigenous peoples of Latin America for the Church’s historical complicity with colonialism, and acknowledged his inaction allowed the Chilean clergy to overlook sexual abuse cases.

    He appointed clergymen from non-European countries, enhancing representation from Asia, Africa and Latin America and increased the participation of women within the Church’s leadership structures.

    His landmark encyclical, Laudato Si’, underscored the moral imperative to address climate change, inspiring accolades from global leaders. His critique of Israel and the conflict in Gaza underscored his consistent opposition to war and advocacy for peace.

    Despite existing tensions and contradictions within his papacy – particularly regarding the Church’s stance on LGBTQIA+ issues and women’s rights – Pope Francis’s approach to global issues remained steadfast and aligned with his core values, and the Buenos Aires he came of age in.

    Francis’s leadership is a product of his upbringing and a catalyst for regional and global dialogue on social justice.

    The profound influence of the Latin American region on him is well captured by long time friend, Uruguayan lawyer and activist, Guzman Carriquiry who described the Pope as:

    Priest, and profoundly priest; Jesuit and profoundly Jesuit; Latin American, and profoundly Latin American.

    Fernanda Peñaloza does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. To truly understand Pope Francis’ theology – and impact – you need to look to his life in Buenos Aires – https://theconversation.com/to-truly-understand-pope-francis-theology-and-impact-you-need-to-look-to-his-life-in-buenos-aires-255003

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Ukraine war: path to peace looks increasingly narrow as Kyiv’s western backers scramble to focus on their own interests

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Stefan Wolff, Professor of International Security, University of Birmingham

    After more than three years of war, the prospects of peace for Ukraine remain slim. There is no obvious credible pathway even to a ceasefire, given Russia’s refusal to extend a brief and shaky truce over Easter. This, despite the US, UK and Ukraine all signalling their support for this idea.

    And even if the considerable hurdles impeding a ceasefire deal could be overcome, a more fundamental problem would remain. None of the key players in the conflict appear to have a plan for an agreement that is likely to be acceptable to Kyiv and Moscow.

    Previous plans, such as a joint proposal by China and Brazil in May last year which was supported by a Chinese-led “Friends of Peace” group were primarily focused on a ceasefire as a stepping stone to negotiations about an actual peace agreement.

    This and other plans were all light on detail of what a peace deal between Russia and Ukraine would entail but were nonetheless roundly rejected by Ukraine and its western allies as favouring Russia. Given that a ceasefire would simply freeze the front lines and very likely make them permanent with or without a subsequent peace agreement, this was not an unreasonable position.

    What Ukraine proposed instead, however – and what its western allies backed, at least rhetorically – was hardly more viable. The peace plan proposed by Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelensky in December 2022 was already on life support at the time of the first “Summit on Peace in Ukraine” in Switzerland in June 2024.

    Only 84 of the 100 delegations attending the summit (out of 160 invited) supported a watered-down version of Zelensky’s plan in their final communique – and there was no agreement on a follow-up meeting. Ukraine’s peace plan was clearly dead in the water.

    Ukraine then proposed an “internal resilience plan”. With its its focus on ensuring that the country can survive a long war of attrition with Russia, this is anything but a peace plan.

    But it serves Kyiv’s needs to avoid an unconditional surrender to Moscow. This is also high on the agenda for Ukraine’s European allies who remain committed to supporting Kyiv.

    For the emerging European coalition of the willing, it is important to keep Ukraine in the fight while they build up their own defences. They face the possibility of a new international order in which the world might well be carved up into US, Russian and Chinese spheres of influence.

    Where the White House stands

    Such a carve-up is at the heart of efforts by the US president, Donald Trump. Trump is trying to secure a ceasefire between Russia and Ukraine as well as a deal that would give the US privileged access to Ukrainian resources.

    Having initially fallen apart during an extraordinarily acrimonious press conference in the White House on February 28, this deal now appears to be relatively close to conclusion.

    The ceasefire deal Trump appears to envisage would divide Ukraine itself into spheres of influence according to a plan recently suggested by Trump’s special envoy for Ukraine, Keith Kellogg. Yet even such a pro-Moscow arrangement that would offer Putin control of 20% of Ukraine continues to elude negotiators.

    At present, the Russian president has few incentives to settle for less than his maximum demands and stop a war that he thinks he is still able to win on the battlefield – particularly given Trump’s unwillingness to exert any meaningful pressure on Russia.

    At times, it now appears more likely that Trump will simply abandon his efforts to end the fighting in Ukraine. From a Russian perspective, this would be preferable to a ceasefire that freezes the conflict but doesn’t lead to a peace deal reflecting Moscow’s demands.

    The likely calculation in the Kremlin is that even if the 2026 mid-term elections in the US water down Trump’s power, that still leaves two more years to conquer more Ukrainian territory. Should Washington then make another push for a ceasefire, Moscow could claim any additional conquests as a price for Ukraine to pay for a settlement.

    Even if Trump does not walk away from the negotiations now, and even if his special envoy Steve Witkoff ultimately manages to cobble together a deal, this will more likely look like a ceasefire than like a peace agreement.

    Gulf remains between Russia and Ukraine

    The simple reason for this is that Russia’s and Ukraine’s positions on an acceptable outcome have not shifted. Putin remains committed to the full annexation of four complete Ukrainian regions as well as retaining Crimea. Zelensky has repeatedly ruled out territorial concessions and is broadly supported by Ukrainians in this stance.

    For the west, the reality that a peace agreement is close to impossible on terms satisfying all sides has become a self-fulfilling prophecy. To the extent that there are any joint efforts by Ukraine, the US and the European coalition of the willing, they are completely centred on a workable ceasefire.

    At a meeting of foreign ministers and high-level officials in Paris on April 17, discussions were focused on making such a ceasefire sustainable.

    While details of how this can be achieved remain unclear, the fact that there now appears to be a more inclusive negotiations track signals progress, at least on the process of negotiations. Whether this will lead to an actual breakthrough towards a sustainable ceasefire, however, will depend on their substance and whether Ukraine and Russia can ultimately agree on terms about disengagement of forces, monitoring, and guarantees and enforcement mechanisms.

    This is an already incredibly high bar, and the bar for a subsequent peace agreement is higher yet. In the current stage of Russia’s war of aggression against Ukraine, a ceasefire is clearly a precondition for a peace agreement. But the sole focus on the former will not make the latter any more likely.

    What’s more, given Russia’s track record of reneging on the Minsk ceasefire agreements of September 2014 and February 2015, investing everything in a ceasefire deal might turn out not just a self-fulfilling but a self-defeating prophecy for Ukraine and its supporters.

    Stefan Wolff is a past recipient of grant funding from the Natural Environment Research Council of the UK, the United States Institute of Peace, the Economic and Social Research Council of the UK, the British Academy, the NATO Science for Peace Programme, the EU Framework Programmes 6 and 7 and Horizon 2020, as well as the EU’s Jean Monnet Programme. He is a Trustee and Honorary Treasurer of the Political Studies Association of the UK and a Senior Research Fellow at the Foreign Policy Centre in London.

    Tetyana Malyarenko does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Ukraine war: path to peace looks increasingly narrow as Kyiv’s western backers scramble to focus on their own interests – https://theconversation.com/ukraine-war-path-to-peace-looks-increasingly-narrow-as-kyivs-western-backers-scramble-to-focus-on-their-own-interests-254864

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Reducing diversity, equity and inclusion to a catchphrase undermines its true purpose

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Detris Honora Adelabu, Clinical Professor of Applied Human Development, Boston University

    More than 440 anti-DEI bills have been introduced in 42 states since the 2023 Supreme Court decision that ended race-conscious college admissions. J Studios/Getty Images

    Diversity, equity and inclusion, which has become the catchphrase DEI, represents a commitment to fairness and to tackling racism and exclusionary policies that limit access to resources and perpetuate injustice.

    The Trump administration’s attacks on DEI frame efforts toward equity and fairness as illegal, wasteful, immoral and shameful.

    However, unfair access to resources and opportunities remains a daily reality in American society.

    Consider persistent disparities in housing, education and employment that prevent access to resources and opportunities based on race.

    These inequalities are also evident in health care and the criminal justice system.

    African Americans, for instance, make up approximately 13% of the U.S. population. But they account for 53% of exonerations after wrongful convictions.

    As public health expert David Ansell argues in his book “The Death Gap: How Inequality Kills,” these disparities are not just a matter of quality of life but of life itself.

    Where people are born and how they live shape their access to health care, education, nutritious food, stable housing and fair treatment within the justice system. This inequity, Ansell argues, creates a “death gap” where systemic barriers to opportunity and well-being shorten lives.

    As professors focused on human development and education, we are committed to building fair and equitable living and learning opportunities for all students. We believe reducing diversity, equity and inclusion to a catchphrase or acronym undermines its importance and purpose to tackle the racism and biases that contribute to unfairness and injustice.

    More than a single concept

    DEI is more than an acronym or catchphrase. When diversity, equity and inclusion is reduced to a buzzword, it undermines its importance and the depth of work required to create inclusive spaces.

    Each component of DEI represents unique aims and challenges.

    Diversity is the practice of involving people from a range of social and ethnic backgrounds who hold varying perspectives. Diversity includes the meaningful and intentional inclusion of those who have been historically underrepresented.

    Equity is the practice of being fair and just, especially in a way that seeks to address existing inequalities.

    Equity means providing fair access to opportunities and resources for people who might otherwise be excluded. This includes those who have been underrepresented due to historical and contemporary biases.

    This inequity is illustrated by education funding disparities where public schools attended by majority Black and Latino students receive less funding than majority white, affluent schools.

    Inclusion is the state of being included within a group in a way that establishes a feeling of being welcomed and respected.

    Broad benefits

    Consider the racial diversity in your neighborhood. To what extent is it racially diverse?

    People of color in predominantly white neighborhoods face discrimination. This includes encounters with police and other community members who question their presence within spaces that have historically been majority white. However, diversity and inclusivity within communities contribute to prejudice reduction and improved race relations.

    DEI can broadly benefit society.

    Imagine going to the local grocery store and the doors open automatically as you approach. Upon exiting, you push your shopping cart toward the sloped sidewalk designed to provide easy access to the road surface. Although the automatic doors and sloped sidewalk were designed for individuals with physical disabilities, these examples of DEI initiatives make everyday life better for everyone.

    The danger of oversimplification

    Reducing diversity, equity and inclusion to a catchphrase can lead to a superficial understanding and application of the concepts.

    Some organizations incorporate DEI language into their mission statement without committing to deeper changes that promote equity and fairness.

    In higher education, institutions may promote DEI initiatives while failing to address inequities in access and opportunity among students and faculty. Despite decades of stated commitments to DEI, predominantly white higher education institutions have made little progress toward racially diversifying their faculty, leadership or student body.

    States such as Florida, Texas and Kentucky have introduced policies to dismantle programs aimed at promoting racial and gender equity in education.
    designer491/Getty Images

    For example, 72% of U.S. college and university presidents and 72% of faculty identify as white. Yet white adults make up just 60% of the U.S. population.

    Additionally, some organizations hire chief diversity officers without allocating resources or power to enact meaningful policy changes. Such superficial steps toward DEI squander its potential to transform higher education to truly advance diversity, equity and inclusion.

    Backlash against DEI

    DEI is also susceptible to political manipulation and dismantling.

    More than 440 anti-diversity, equity and inclusion bills have been introduced in 42 states since the 2023 Supreme Court decision that ended race-conscious college admissions.

    States such as Florida, Texas and Kentucky have recently introduced policies to dismantle programs aimed at promoting racial and gender equity in education and the workplace.

    Meanwhile, in recent years DEI officers and advocates have lost jobs in higher education and other organizations.

    DEI has become a scapegoat for political and systemic failures.

    President Donald Trump, for example, blamed diversity, equity and inclusion for a Washington, D.C., plane crash that killed 67 people in January 2025. And Missouri is suing Starbucks, claiming the coffeehouse chain’s DEI policies are increasing wait times for orders.

    Diversity, equity and inclusion is not about individual prejudice or emotions. It’s about addressing the systemic historical exclusions of people of color and other underrepresented groups – people who have not had fair and equitable access to resources and opportunities in America.

    Linda Banks-Santilli is a member of the board of Horizons@LMS, a summer enrichment program focused on improving math and literacy for low-income students.

    Detris Honora Adelabu and Felicity Crawford do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Reducing diversity, equity and inclusion to a catchphrase undermines its true purpose – https://theconversation.com/reducing-diversity-equity-and-inclusion-to-a-catchphrase-undermines-its-true-purpose-249717

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI USA: A Conversation with the Law Librarian of Congress Aslihan Bulut and American Bar Association President William R. Bay

    Source: US Global Legal Monitor

    To kick off the celebration of Law Day, the Law Library of Congress and the American Bar Association are excited to bring you a conversation between the American Bar Association President William R. Bay and the Law Librarian of Congress Aslihan Bulut. The topic of the discussion concerns this year’s Law Day theme, “The Constitution’s Promise: Out of Many, One.”

    In addition, the Law Library of Congress and the American Bar Association hope you can join us, via webinar, for this year’s Law Day celebration panel discussion on April 24, 2024, at 3 p.m. EDT. Please register here.

    Subscribe to In Custodia Legis – it’s free! – to receive interesting posts drawn from the Law Library of Congress’s vast collections and our staff’s expertise in U.S., foreign, and international law.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: China’s solar capacity installations grew rapidly in 2024

    Source: US Energy Information Administration

    In-brief analysis

    April 22, 2025

    Utility-scale solar power capacity in China reached more than 880 gigawatts (GW) in 2024, according to China’s National Energy Administration. China has more utility-scale solar than any other country. The 277 GW of utility-scale solar capacity installed in China in 2024 alone is more than twice as much as the 121 GW of utility-scale solar capacity installed in the United States at the end of 2024.

    Planned solar capacity projects will likely lead to continued growth in China’s solar capacity. More than 720 GW of solar capacity are in development: about 250 GW under construction, nearly 300 GW in pre-construction phases, and 177 GW of announced projects, according to the Global Solar Power Tracker compiled by Global Energy Monitor.

    Some of the largest projects under development are in the Inner Mongolia region in northern China. The Kubuqi Desert in Inner Mongolia is the planned site of the largest collection of solar projects called the Great Solar Wall.

    Plans for the Great Solar Wall, which is scheduled to be completed by 2030, provide for around 100 GW of installed capacity covering an area more than 250 miles long and 3 miles wide across Inner Mongolia and neighboring regions. Two components of the Great Solar Wall, the Inner Mongolia Kubuqi Desert North and South Megabase, are in pre-construction stages with planned installed capacities of 7 GW and 6 GW, respectively.

    More projects are announced but not yet in pre-construction phases, such as Ordos Desert Control solar farm and the Xinjiang-Sichuan Power Export solar farms, which register the largest planned capacity among the announced developments. Each of those projects has an intended capacity of 8.5 GW.

    Data source: Global Energy Monitor (GEM), Global Solar Power Tracker, February 2025
    Note: The GEM data include projects of at least 1 megawatt of installed capacity.

    Principal contributor: Katherine Antonio

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Jefferson, Economic Mobility and the Dual Mandate

    Source: US State of New York Federal Reserve

    Thank you, Dr. Singleton, for the kind introduction and for the opportunity to speak here today.1 It is great to be back in Philadelphia, and I look forward to today’s discussions on economic mobility.

    As monetary policymakers, my colleagues and I on the Federal Open Market Committee do not have direct control over economic mobility in the U.S. Our key monetary policy tools are not designed to address this issue, nor is economic mobility part of our mandate. However, our dual mandate of maximum employment and price stability has implications for a wide range of economic outcomes, including economic mobility. This leads to many important questions about the relationship between the dual mandate and economic mobility. In my remarks, I want to address two such questions. First, does meeting the dual mandate facilitate economic mobility? And second, does economic mobility matter for the conduct of monetary policy?
    In today’s talk, I will discuss my views on these questions, but I will not be able to provide definitive answers. Rather, I hope that posing these questions and relaying some of my own thoughts will lead to further discussions during this conference and beyond. Before turning to these questions, let me start with a brief overview of intergenerational mobility in the U.S.
    Taking Stock of Economic MobilityEconomic mobility, the ability to move up the economic ladder, is at the heart of the American dream. We tell our children that in the U.S., if you work hard and play by the rules, you can have a secure and successful financial future no matter where you start. We continue to believe strongly in this part of the American dream and remain optimistic that hard work is a primary determinant of later-life success. In a survey from 2019, when respondents were asked which factors are essential or very important to getting ahead in life, nearly 90 percent identified hard work, and only 30 percent indicated coming from a wealthy family.2
    Policymakers have long been aware of the importance of economic mobility. To illustrate that, let me share a quote from former Federal Reserve Chair Ben Bernanke: “Equality of economic opportunity appeals to our sense of fairness, certainly, but it also strengthens our economy. If each person is free to develop and apply his or her talents to the greatest extent possible, then both the individual and the economy benefit.”3
    With these sentiments of what Americans and policymakers think and feel about mobility in mind, let me turn to some evidence on economic mobility in the U.S. One common way to measure economic mobility is to relate an individual’s income in adulthood to their family income during childhood. The measure I am showing here—from Harvard economist Raj Chetty and coauthors—is likely familiar to many of you.4 It shows a relative intergenerational mobility measure, also known as the “rank–rank” relationship. This measure relates a child’s ranking in the income distribution as an adult, shown on the vertical axis, to the child’s family income rank during childhood, shown on the horizontal axis.
    The upward slope of the line implies that children born into lower-income families tend to be lower on the income distribution as adults. For example, a child born to the richest parents is, on average, 30 percentage points higher in the income distribution as an adult compared with a child born to the poorest parents. This difference in the relative standing in the income distribution as an adult translates into meaningful differences in earnings levels. To put this in perspective, consider two children who grow up to be 30 percentile points apart on the earnings distribution as adults, with one at the 80th percentile and the other at the 50th percentile. The child who grows up to be at the 80th percentile of the distribution as an adult will earn roughly twice as much compared with the child at the 50th percentile.5
    In addition to having lower earnings as adults, children born into lower-income families are more likely to experience outcomes that can negatively affect their success in the labor market later in life. Girls born into the bottom decile of the family income distribution are about 10 times more likely to become teenage mothers compared with those born to top-decile families.6 Boys born into bottom-decile families are roughly 20 times more likely to be incarcerated in their thirties compared with boys from families in the top decile.7 Teen pregnancy and incarceration are extreme examples of barriers to labor market success that differentially affect children from lower-income families. More generally, there are numerous reasons that any individual may struggle in the labor market, including skill mismatches and lack of proper training or education.
    Does Meeting the Dual Mandate Facilitate Economic Mobility?Now, let me turn to the Fed’s dual mandate and discuss how working toward maximum employment and price stability helps set the stage for broad-based success generally, and how this may provide favorable conditions for upward mobility.
    Consider my first question: Does meeting the dual mandate facilitate economic mobility? To help answer this question, I want to revisit remarks I delivered earlier this year about the implications of noninflationary expansions on shared prosperity.8 Specifically, I am reflecting on the economic expansion that followed the 2007–09 Global Financial Crisis (GFC). During that period, the economy expanded for 128 consecutive months, making it the longest economic expansion in U.S. history.
    As shown in figure 2, the aggregate unemployment rate fell steadily from a peak of 10 percent in October 2009 to 3.5 percent in September 2019, the lowest level recorded in nearly 50 years. The labor market in this period was remarkable in terms of broad-based gains seen across demographic groups, which contributed to a historic narrowing of employment differentials. To illustrate this point, let’s add in unemployment rates by levels of education, as shown in figure 3. In 2019, the unemployment rate gaps between workers with less than a high school education, the solid green line near the top of the chart, and those who had attained at least a bachelor’s degree, the solid orange line closer to the bottom, were near multidecade lows. Further, the strong pre-pandemic labor market drew many new participants into the labor force, including teens and younger workers whose employment prospects, and even long-term career trajectories, are especially sensitive to the cyclical state of the economy.9 These are the types of labor market conditions that the economist Arthur Okun speculated would increase upward mobility.10 In a tight labor market, when individuals move up the job ladder, they create openings for newer or less educated workers.
    Moving on to earnings, figure 4 shows that nominal wage growth increased steadily following the GFC. As with gains in employment, the strong labor market was especially beneficial for some groups. To demonstrate that, let’s turn to figure 5, which shows wage growth for different earnings levels. Wage growth for the bottom half of earners, the dashed red line, started to pick up about five years into the expansion, and by 2017, it was notably stronger compared with that for workers in the top half of the earnings distribution, the solid blue line.11 These differences in wage growth are important. As the bottom of the distribution catches up to higher earners, wage inequality declines. These are also dynamics that can facilitate upward economic mobility.
    Let me now turn to the second component of the dual mandate, price stability. While some long economic expansions have led to an unwelcome rise in prices, inflation remained low and stable during the economic expansion following the GFC. Indeed, Federal Reserve policymakers were grappling with inflation somewhat below, rather than above, the longer-run 2 percent target, as shown in figure 6.
    Low and stable inflation is important for individuals and businesses for a variety of reasons. It ensures that the nominal wage gains I just discussed are not eroded in real terms and that necessities remain affordable. In addition, it helps individuals and families plan for major purchases, such as a car or home, and for major expenses, including retirement and college.
    I want to highlight one of these major expenses—higher education—as attending college is an important pathway for upward mobility. Looking at figure 7, higher education inflation is shown by the red line. A variety of factors affect the cost of college generally, including student loan costs, state funding, and administrative overhead. Nonetheless, when inflation was low for an extended period during the economic expansion that followed the GFC, we also saw a moderation in the growth of higher education costs.12
    To illustrate the importance of college attendance for mobility, let me return to the rank–rank intergenerational mobility relationship I showed earlier. As before, the darkest dots show the national child-income-rank-to-parent-income-rank relationship. Now consider how this relationship looks across different types of higher education. The red line shows elite four-year colleges, the green line shows the remaining four-year institutions, and the lighter-blue line shows two-year schools. As you can see from the colored lines, the relationship between family income rank and later-life income rank is weaker—that is, the slope of the line is flatter—within each type of college than it is nationally.
    The flatter slope indicates that outcomes for children from lower-income families are more similar to outcomes for children from higher-income families within each college type than they are overall. In this way, higher education is an important source of upward mobility for many youths and a pathway to a more secure financial future. Of course, the relatively steeper national relationship holds because there are meaningful differences in college enrollment over the family income distribution.
    Going back to my initial question, I asked whether meeting the dual mandate facilitates economic mobility. I think that achieving the dual mandate sets the conditions for all individuals to succeed, including those moving up the economic ladder. The evidence suggests that long noninflationary expansions are associated with narrower gaps in employment and earnings, and that lower-wage and less-educated workers benefit disproportionately from sustained periods of strong economic growth. Further, achieving price stability allows individuals and households to plan for and make investments in human capital, such as attending college, that may allow individuals to move up the income distribution.13
    Does Economic Mobility Matter for the Conduct of Monetary Policy?Before I conclude, I want to return to my second question: Does economic mobility matter for the conduct of monetary policy? As I mentioned earlier, economic mobility is not part of the Federal Reserve’s mandate, and our monetary policy tools are blunt instruments for affecting economic mobility. For example, interest rates affect the entire economy, not targeted populations, and rate changes operate through financial markets rather than directly influencing labor market outcomes.
    One way that economic mobility could matter for the conduct of monetary policy is if the goals of monetary policy are easier to achieve in a high-mobility society compared with one with low mobility. I do not know if this is true, but let me offer some conjectures. I think that a society with relatively higher mobility may allow for more efficient transmission of monetary policy. In a dynamic economy with relatively more upward mobility, individuals may have greater incentives to be proactive in the job market. They may seek new and better job opportunities, which could allow for a quicker path to maximum employment following economic downturns. Further, individuals and households may hold additional savings for increased investments in human capital when mobility is relatively higher, allowing for more effective transmission of monetary policy. Stepping back, I pose this question not to offer a definitive answer, but rather to serve as one potential starting point for your discussions here today.
    ConclusionLet me conclude by pointing out that the patterns we observe in our economy, including those for economic mobility, are not predetermined. Outcomes can and will change as we learn more about effective strategies to improve and maintain economic mobility in the U.S. By joining in these conversations here today, and by continuing to research and describe the patterns of economic mobility, you are helping society understand the dynamics of our economy better and find new and innovative ways to help keep the American dream of economic mobility alive and well. Thank you.
    ReferencesAutor, David H. (2014). “Skills, Education, and the Rise of Earnings Inequality among the ‘Other 99 Percent,’ ” Science, vol. 344 (May), pp. 843–51.
    Bernanke, Ben S. (2007). “The Level and Distribution of Economic Well-Being,” speech delivered at the Greater Omaha Chamber of Commerce, Omaha, Neb., February 6.
    Bleemer, Zachary, and Basit Zafar (2018). “Intended College Attendance: Evidence from an Experiment on College Returns and Costs,” Journal of Public Economics, vol. 157 (January), pp. 184–211.
    Card, David (1999). “Chapter 30 – The Causal Effect of Education on Earnings,” in Orley C. Ashenfelter and David Card, eds., Handbook of Labor Economics, vol. 3A. Amsterdam: Elsevier Science, pp. 1801–63.
    Chetty, Raj, John N. Friedman, Emmanuel Saez, Nicholas Turner, and Danny Yagan (2020). “Income Segregation and Intergenerational Mobility across Colleges in the United States,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 135 (August), pp. 1567–1633.
    Chetty, Raj, Nathaniel Hendren, Patrick Kline, and Emmanuel Saez (2014). “Where Is the Land of Opportunity? The Geography of Intergenerational Mobility in the United States,” Quarterly Journal of Economics, vol. 129 (November), pp. 1553–1623.
    ISSP Research Group (2022). International Social Survey Programme: Social Inequality V – ISSP 2019. GESIS, Cologne. ZA7600 Data file Version 3.0.0.
    Jefferson, Philip N. (2025). “Do Non-inflationary Economic Expansions Promote Shared Prosperity? Evidence from the U.S. Labor Market,” speech delivered at Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pa., February 5.
    Looney, Adam, and Nicholas Turner (2018). “Work and Opportunity before and after Incarceration (PDF),” Economic Studies at Brookings. Washington: Brookings Institution, March.
    Okun, Arthur M. (1973). “Upward Mobility in a High-Pressure Economy (PDF),” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, no. 1, pp. 207–61.
    Oreopoulos, Philip, Till von Wachter, and Andrew Heisz (2012). “The Short- and Long-Term Career Effects of Graduating in a Recession,” American Economic Journal: Applied Economics, vol. 4 (January), pp. 1–29.
    Wolla, Scott A., Guillaume Vandenbroucke, and Cameron Tucker (2023). “Is College Still Worth the High Price? Weighing Costs and Benefits of Investing in Human Capital,” Page One Economics. St. Louis: Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, September 1.
    Zimmerman, Seth D. (2014). “The Returns to College Admission for Academically Marginal Students,” Journal of Labor Economics, vol. 32 (October), pp. 711–54.

    1. The views expressed here are my own and are not necessarily those of my colleagues on the Federal Reserve Board or the Federal Open Market Committee. Return to text
    2. The data are Federal Reserve Board staff calculations for U.S. respondents in the International Social Survey Programme: Social Inequality V. See IISP Research Group (2022). Return to text
    3. See Bernanke (2007), quoted text in paragraph 1. Return to text
    4. In figure 1, parent and child linkages and incomes are based on population-level tax data. The sample includes children born between 1980 and 1982. Parent income for these children is the average of total pretax family income when the child is between the ages of 15 and 19. Later-life income for these children is measured in 2014 when the child is between the ages of 32 and 34 and is defined as total individual pretax income. See Chetty and others (2020). Return to text
    5. Earnings are, on average, just under $56,000 at the 80th percentile of the child earnings distribution, compared with just under $27,000 at the 50th percentile. See Chetty and others (2020). Return to text
    6. See Chetty and others (2014). Return to text
    7. See Looney and Turner (2018). Return to text
    8. See Jefferson (2025). Return to text
    9. See Oreopoulos, von Wachter, and Heisz (2012). Return to text
    10. See Okun (1973). Return to text
    11. Nominal wages in the figure are measured by the Atlanta Fed’s Wage Growth Tracker. Series show 12-month moving averages of the median percent change in the nominal hourly wage of individuals observed 12 months apart. Workers are assigned to wage quantiles based on the average of their wage reports in both the Current Population Survey and outgoing rotation group interviews. Workers in the lowest 50 percent of the average wage distribution are assigned to the bottom half, and those in the top 50 percent are assigned to the top half. Return to text
    12. There are limitations to this measure of higher education costs, as it is volatile and may not reflect the underlying net price that students pay. However, list tuition prices have been shown to be salient for many families when making college enrollment decisions. For example, see Bleemer and Zafar (2018). Return to text
    13. Despite the rising cost of college, research consistently shows a positive return to higher education for most students. See Wolla, Vandenbroucke, and Tucker (2023), Autor (2014), Zimmerman (2014), and Card (1999). Return to text

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI: BCB Bancorp, Inc. Reports Net Loss of $8.3 Million in First Quarter 2025; Declares Quarterly Cash Dividend of $0.16 Per Share

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    BAYONNE, N.J., April 22, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — BCB Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”), (NASDAQ: BCBP), the holding company for BCB Community Bank (the “Bank”), today reported a net loss of $8.3 million for the first quarter of 2025, compared to net income of $3.3 million in the fourth quarter of 2024, and net income of $5.9 million for the first quarter of 2024. Its loss per diluted share for the first quarter of 2025 was ($0.51), compared to earnings per diluted share of $0.16 in the preceding quarter and $0.32 in the first quarter of 2024.

    The Company also announced that its Board of Directors declared a regular quarterly cash dividend of $0.16 per share. The dividend will be payable on May 21, 2025 to common shareholders of record on May 7, 2025.

    “Our first-quarter loss was primarily driven by a $13.7 million specific reserve tied to a $34.2 million loan in the cannabis sector,” Michael Shriner, President and Chief Executive Officer of BCB Bank, explained. “Although the borrower remains current, the significant deterioration in their financial condition warranted a downgrade to non-accrual status and the establishment of the reserve. We also increased reserves for our discontinued Business Express Loan portfolio by $3.1 million, in response to the portfolio’s continued elevated deterioration and broader macroeconomic headwinds.”

    “While these credit actions have impacted short-term results, they reflect our disciplined and proactive approach to risk management,” added Mr. Shriner. “Thanks to the positive capital actions taken throughout 2024, we remain well-capitalized, giving us the flexibility to address credit challenges head-on.”

    “BCB Bank has bolstered its credit risk team with new hires who we believe bring deep expertise and a rigorous approach to underwriting,” said Mr. Shriner. “These efforts are part of a broader initiative to strengthen our credit quality oversight. Following a comprehensive portfolio review using a conservative risk framework, we’ve adjusted the risk ratings on a number of loans to better reflect current market realities. Importantly, the majority of our customers remain current on their payments, and our team is actively engaging with borrowers to secure updated financials and support improved risk profiles.”

    Executive Summary

    • Total deposits were $2.687 billion at March 31, 2025 compared to $2.751 billion at December 31, 2024.
    • Net interest margin was 2.59 percent for the first quarter of 2025, compared to 2.53 percent for the fourth quarter of 2024, and 2.50 percent for the first quarter of 2024.
      • Total yield on interest-earning assets was 5.20 percent for the first quarter of 2025, compared to 5.33 percent for both the fourth quarter of 2024, and the first quarter of 2024.
      • Total cost of interest-bearing liabilities decreased 24 basis points to 3.33 percent for the first quarter of 2025, compared to 3.57 percent for the fourth quarter of 2024, and decreased 21 basis points to 3.54 percent for the first quarter of 2024.
    • The efficiency ratio for the first quarter was 61.6 percent compared to 62.1 percent in the prior quarter, and 58.8 percent in the first quarter of 2024.
    • The annualized return on average assets ratio for the first quarter was (0.95) percent, compared to 0.36 percent in the prior quarter, and 0.61 percent in the first quarter of 2024.
    • The annualized return on average equity ratio for the first quarter was (10.4) percent, compared to 4.0 percent in the prior quarter, and 7.5 percent in the first quarter of 2024.
    • The provision for credit losses was $20.8 million in the first quarter of 2025 compared to $4.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2024. In the first quarter of 2024, the Bank recorded a provision of $2.1 million.
    • The allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) as a percentage of non-accrual loans was 51.6 percent at March 31, 2025 compared to 77.8 percent for the prior quarter-end and 155.4 percent at March 31, 2024. Total non-accrual loans were $99.8 million at March 31, 2025, $44.7 million at December 31, 2024 and $22.2 million at March 31, 2024.
    • Total loans receivable, net of the allowance for credit losses, of $2.918 billion at March 31, 2025, decreased 2.6 percent from $2.996 billion at December 31, 2024, and decreased 9.6 percent, from $3.227 billion at March 31, 2024.

    Balance Sheet Review

    Total assets decreased by $125.3 million, or 3.5 percent, to $3.474 billion at March 31, 2025, from $3.599 billion at December 31, 2024. The decrease in total assets was mainly related to a decrease in net loans and in cash and cash equivalents.

    Total cash and cash equivalents decreased by $64.5 million, or 20.3 percent, to $252.8 million at March 31, 2025, from $317.3 million at December 31, 2024. The decrease in cash was primarily due to the reduction of the Bank’s exposure to wholesale funding by paying down high cost brokered deposits.

    Loans receivable, net, decreased by $78.6 million, or 2.6 percent, to $2.918 billion at March 31, 2025, from $2.996 billion at December 31, 2024. Total loan decreases during the period included decreases totaling $62.3 million in commercial real estate and multi-family loans, construction loans, 1-4 family residential loans and home equity loans. The allowance for credit losses increased $16.7 million to $51.5 million, or 51.6 percent of non-accruing loans and 1.73 percent of gross loans, at March 31, 2025, as compared to an allowance for credit losses of $34.8 million, or 77.8 percent of non-accruing loans and 1.15 percent of gross loans, at December 31, 2024.

    Total investment securities increased by $14.7 million, or 13.2 percent, to $125.9 million at March 31, 2025, from $111.2 million at December 31, 2024, representing current year purchases.

    Deposits decreased by $64.4 million, or 2.3 percent, to $2.687 billion at March 31, 2025, from $2.751 billion at December 31, 2024. Brokered deposits decreased $112.5 million, and were offset by increases in certificates of deposit, money market accounts, transaction accounts and savings accounts which totaled $48.4 million.

    Debt obligations decreased by $49.8 million to $448.5 million at March 31, 2025 from $498.3 million at December 31, 2024, due to maturities and paydowns of our FHLB advances. The weighted average interest rate of FHLB advances was 4.33 percent at March 31, 2025 and 4.35 percent at December 31, 2024. The weighted average maturity of FHLB advances as of March 31, 2025 was 0.83 years. The interest rate of our subordinated debt balances was 9.25 percent at March 31, 2025 and at December 31, 2024.

    Stockholders’ equity decreased by $9.2 million, or 2.8 percent, to $314.7 million at March 31, 2025, from $323.9 million at December 31, 2024. The decrease was attributable to the decrease in retained earnings of $11.6 million, or 8.2 percent, to $130.3 million at March 31, 2025 from $141.9 million at December 31, 2024. Offsetting this were increases in accumulated other comprehensive income, and additional paid in capital on stock, which totaled $2.4 million.

    First Quarter 2025 Income Statement Review

    The Company reported a net loss of $8.3 million for the first quarter ended March 31, 2025 as compared to net income of $5.9 million for the first quarter ended March 31, 2024. The decline was primarily driven by an increase to the Provision for loan losses of $18.8 million. offset by $5.8 million decrease in income tax provisioning. Also, net interest income decreased by $1.1 million, or 4.9 percent, to $22.0 million for the first quarter of 2025, from $23.1 million for the first quarter of 2024. The decrease in net interest income resulted from lower interest income which was partially offset by lower interest expense.

    Interest income decreased by $5.1 million, or 10.3 percent, to $44.2 million for the first quarter of 2025 from $49.3 million for the first quarter of 2024. The average balance of interest-earning assets decreased $255.9 million, or 6.9 percent, to $3.444 billion for the first quarter of 2025 from $3.699 billion for the first quarter of 2024, while the average yield decreased 13 basis points to 5.20 percent for the first quarter of 2025 from 5.33 percent for the first quarter of 2024.

    Interest expense decreased by $4.0 million to $22.2 million for the first quarter of 2025 from $26.1 million for the first quarter of 2024. The decrease resulted from a decrease in the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities of 21 basis points to 3.33 percent for the first quarter of 2025 from 3.54 percent for the first quarter of 2024, while the average balance of interest-bearing liabilities decreased by $256.2 million to $2.701 billion for the first quarter of 2025 from $2.957 billion for the first quarter of 2024.

    The net interest margin was 2.59 percent for the first quarter of 2025 compared to 2.50 percent for the first quarter of 2024. The increase in the net interest margin compared to the first quarter of 2024 was the result of a decrease in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities partially offset by the decrease in the yield on interest-earning assets.

    During the first quarter of 2025, the Company recognized $4.2 million in net charge-offs compared to $1.1 million in net charge-offs in the first quarter of 2024. The Bank had non-accrual loans totaling $99.8 million, or 3.36 percent of gross loans, at March 31, 2025 as compared to $44.7 million, or 1.48 percent of gross loans, at December 31, 2024. The allowance for credit losses on loans was $51.5 million, or 1.73 percent of gross loans, at March 31, 2025, and $34.8 million, or 1.15 percent of gross loans, at December 31, 2024. The provision for credit losses was $20.8 million for the first quarter of 2025 compared to $4.2 million for the fourth quarter of 2024. Management believes that the allowance for credit losses on loans was adequate at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024.

    Non-interest income decreased by $318 thousand to $1.8 million for the first quarter of 2025 from $2.1 million in the first quarter of 2024. The decrease in total non-interest income was mainly related to decreases in gains on equity securities and BOLI income of $245 thousand and $67 thousand, respectively.

    Non-interest expense decreased by $178 thousand, or 1.2 percent, to $14.7 million for the first quarter of 2025 when compared to non-interest expense of $14.8 million for the first quarter of 2024. The decrease in these expenses for the first quarter of 2025 was primarily driven by lower regulatory assessment charges, offset by higher salaries and employee benefits.

    The income tax provision decreased by $5.8 million, to an income tax credit of $3.4 million for the first quarter of 2025 when compared to a $2.5 million provision for the first quarter of 2024.

    Asset Quality

    During the first quarter of 2025, the Company recognized $4.2 million in net charge offs, compared to $1.1 million in net charge-offs for the first quarter of 2024.

    The Bank had non-accrual loans totaling $99.8 million, or 3.36 percent of gross loans, at March 31, 2025, as compared to $22.2 million, or 0.68 percent of gross loans, at March 31, 2024. More than 60% of the non-accrual loans are current with all payments of principal, interest, taxes and insurance, including the previously mentioned loan that has been allocated a specific reserve.  However, given that the normal standard for non-accrual is a 90 day delinquency, logic and transparency dictates that this population of loans possess certain weaknesses that are beyond payment status and therefore, even though they are current, they should be placed on non-accrual.  Although our borrowers have made payment of their loan obligations to BCB a priority, our evaluation of their financial condition causes some concern about their continued ability to do so. The allowance for credit losses was $51.5 million, or 1.73 percent of gross loans, at March 31, 2025, and $34.6 million, or 1.06 percent of gross loans, at March 31, 2024. The allowance for credit losses was 51.6 percent of non-accrual loans at March 31, 2025, and 155.4 percent of non-accrual loans at March 31, 2024.

    About BCB Bancorp, Inc.

    Established in 2000 and headquartered in Bayonne, N.J., BCB Community Bank is the wholly-owned subsidiary of BCB Bancorp, Inc. (NASDAQ: BCBP). The Bank has twenty-three branch offices in Bayonne, Edison, Hoboken, Fairfield, Holmdel, Jersey City, Lyndhurst, Maplewood, Monroe Township, Newark, Parsippany, Plainsboro, River Edge, Rutherford, South Orange, Union, and Woodbridge, New Jersey, and four branches in Hicksville and Staten Island, New York. The Bank provides businesses and individuals a wide range of loans, deposit products, and retail and commercial banking services. For more information, please go to www.bcb.bank.

    Forward-Looking Statements

    This release, like many written and oral communications presented by BCB Bancorp, Inc., and our authorized officers, may contain certain forward-looking statements regarding our prospective performance and strategies within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We intend such forward-looking statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions for forward-looking statements contained in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, and are including this statement for purposes of said safe harbor provisions. Forward-looking statements, which are based on certain assumptions and describe future plans, strategies, and expectations of the Company, are generally identified by use of words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “project,” “seek,” “strive,” “try,” or future or conditional verbs such as “could,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “would,” or similar expressions. Our ability to predict results or the actual effects of our plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Accordingly, actual results may differ materially from anticipated results.

    The most significant factor that could cause future results to differ materially from those anticipated by our forward-looking statements include the ongoing impact of global tariffs imposed by the Trump administration, higher inflation levels, and general economic and recessionary concerns, all of which could impact economic growth and could cause increased loan delinquencies, a reduction in financial transactions and business activities, including decreased deposits and reduced loan originations, our ability to manage liquidity and capital in a rapidly changing and unpredictable market, supply chain disruptions, and labor shortages. Other factors that could cause future results to vary materially from current management expectations as reflected in our forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to: the global impact of the military conflicts in the Ukraine and the Middle East; unfavorable economic conditions in the United States generally and particularly in our primary market area; the Company’s ability to effectively attract and deploy deposits; changes in the Company’s corporate strategies, the composition of its assets, or the way in which it funds those assets; shifts in investor sentiment or behavior in the securities, capital, or other financial markets, including changes in market liquidity or volatility; the effects of declines in real estate values that may adversely impact the collateral underlying our loans; increase in unemployment levels and slowdowns in economic growth; our level of non-performing assets and the costs associated with resolving any problem loans including litigation and other costs; the impact of changes in interest rates and the credit quality and strength of underlying collateral and the effect of such changes on the market value of our loan and investment securities portfolios; the credit risk associated with our loan portfolio; changes in the quality and composition of the Bank’s loan and investment portfolios; changes in our ability to access cost-effective funding; deposit flows; legislative and regulatory changes, including increases in Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, or FDIC, insurance rates; monetary and fiscal policies of the federal and state governments; changes in tax policies, rates and regulations of federal, state and local tax authorities; demands for our loan products; demand for financial services; competition; changes in the securities or secondary mortgage markets; changes in management’s business strategies; changes in consumer spending; our ability to hire and retain key employees; the effects of any reputational, credit, interest rate, market, operational, legal, liquidity, or regulatory risk; expanding regulatory requirements which could adversely affect operating results; civil unrest in the communities that we serve; and other factors discussed elsewhere in this report, and in other reports we filed with the SEC, including under “Risk Factors” in Part I, Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, and our other periodic reports that we file with the SEC.

    Annualized, pro forma, projected and estimated numbers are used for illustrative purpose only, are not forecasts and may not reflect actual results.

    Explanation of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

    Reported amounts are presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). This press release also contains certain supplemental Non-GAAP information that the Company’s management uses in its analysis of the Company’s financial results. The Company’s management believes that providing this information to analysts and investors allows them to better understand and evaluate the Company’s financial results for the periods in question.

    The Company provides measurements and ratios based on tangible stockholders’ equity and efficiency ratios. These measures are utilized by regulators and market analysts to evaluate a company’s financial condition and, therefore, the Company’s management believes that such information is useful to investors. For a reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP financial measures included in this press release, see “Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Financial Measures” below.

             
      Statements of Operations – Three Months Ended,      
      March 31,2025 December 31, 2024 March 31, 2024 Mar 31, 2025 vs.
    Dec 31, 2024    		   Mar 31, 2025 vs.
    Mar 31, 2024
    Interest and dividend income: (In thousands, except per share amounts, Unaudited)      
    Loans, including fees $ 38,927   $ 41,431   $ 43,722     -6.0 %     -11.0 %
    Mortgage-backed securities   561     473     305     18.6 %     83.9 %
    Other investment securities   968     978     975     -1.0 %     -0.7 %
    FHLB stock and other interest-earning assets   3,736     3,771     4,283     -0.9 %     -12.8 %
    Total interest and dividend income   44,192     46,653     49,285     -5.3 %     -10.3 %
                 
    Interest expense:            
    Deposits:            
    Demand   5,418     5,866     5,257     -7.6 %     3.1 %
    Savings and club   151     156     166     -3.2 %     -9.0 %
    Certificates of deposit   10,762     12,218     14,983     -11.9 %     -28.2 %
        16,331     18,240     20,406     -10.5 %     -20.0 %
    Borrowings   5,856     6,219     5,736     -5.8 %     2.1 %
    Total interest expense   22,187     24,459     26,142     -9.3 %     -15.1 %
                 
    Net interest income   22,005     22,194     23,143     -0.9 %     -4.9 %
    Provision for credit losses   20,845     4,154     2,088     401.8 %     898.3 %
                 
    Net interest income after provision for credit losses   1,160     18,040     21,055     -93.6 %     -94.5 %
                 
    Non-interest income income :            
    Fees and service charges   1,173     1,187     1,215     -1.2 %     -3.5 %
    (Loss) gain on sales of loans   –     (554 )   45     -100.0 %     -100.0 %
    Realized and unrealized (loss) gain on equity investments   (115 )   (661 )   130     -82.6 %     -188.5 %
    Bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”) income   608     636     675     -4.4 %     -9.9 %
    Other   125     330     44     -62.1 %     184.1 %
    Total non-interest income   1,791     938     2,109     90.9 %     -15.1 %
                 
    Non-interest expense:            
    Salaries and employee benefits   7,403     7,117     6,981     4.0 %     6.0 %
    Occupancy and equipment   2,723     2,483     2,644     9.7 %     3.0 %
    Data processing and communications   1,844     1,754     1,853     5.1 %     -0.5 %
    Professional fees   692     599     595     15.5 %     16.3 %
    Director fees   418     269     277     55.4 %     50.9 %
    Regulatory assessment fees   709     769     1,142     -7.8 %     -37.9 %
    Advertising and promotions   179     212     216     -15.6 %     -17.1 %
    Other   692     1,164     1,130     -40.5 %     -38.8 %
    Total non-interest expense   14,660     14,367     14,838     2.0 %     -1.2 %
                 
    (Loss) Income before income tax provision   (11,709 )   4,611     8,326     -353.9 %     -240.6 %
    Income tax (benefit) provision   (3,385 )   1,339     2,460     -352.8 %     -237.6 %
                 
    Net (Loss) Income   (8,324 )   3,272     5,866     -354.4 %     -241.9 %
    Preferred stock dividends   482     475     434     1.6 %     11.0 %
    Net (Loss) Income available to common stockholders $ (8,806 ) $ 2,797   $ 5,432     -414.8 %     -262.1 %
                 
    Net (Loss) Income per common share-basic and diluted            
    Basic $ (0.51 ) $ 0.16   $ 0.32     -413.8 %     -260.4 %
    Diluted $ (0.51 ) $ 0.16   $ 0.32     -414.7 %     -260.5 %
                 
    Weighted average number of common shares outstanding            
    Basic   17,113     17,056     16,930     0.3 %     1.1 %
    Diluted   17,113     17,108     16,939     0.0 %     1.0 %
                 
    Statements of Financial Condition March 31,2025 December 31,2024 March 31, 2024 March 31, 2025 vs.
    December 31, 2024    		 March 31, 2025 vs.
    March 31, 2024
    ASSETS (In Thousands, Unaudited)    
    Cash and amounts due from depository institutions $ 11,977   $ 14,075   $ 11,795     -14.9 %   1.5 %
    Interest-earning deposits   240,773     303,207     340,653     -20.6 %   -29.3 %
    Total cash and cash equivalents   252,750     317,282     352,448     -20.3 %   -28.3 %
               
    Interest-earning time deposits   735     735     735     –     –  
    Debt securities available for sale   116,496     101,717     86,966     14.5 %   34.0 %
    Equity investments   9,357     9,472     9,223     -1.2 %   1.5 %
    Loans held for sale   –     –     –     –     –  
    Loans receivable, net of allowance for credit losses on loans          
    of $51,484, $34,789 and $34,563 , respectively   2,917,610     2,996,259     3,226,877     -2.6 %   -9.6 %
    Federal Home Loan Bank of New York (“FHLB”) stock, at cost   22,066     24,272     24,917     -9.1 %   -11.4 %
    Premises and equipment, net   12,474     12,569     12,744     -0.8 %   -2.1 %
    Accrued interest receivable   16,354     15,176     17,442     7.8 %   -6.2 %
    Deferred income taxes   22,814     17,181     17,555     32.8 %   30.0 %
    Goodwill and other intangibles   5,253     5,253     5,253     0.0 %   0.0 %
    Operating lease right-of-use asset   12,622     12,686     12,186     -0.5 %   3.6 %
    Bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”)   76,648     76,040     74,081     0.8 %   3.5 %
    Other assets   8,643     10,476     8,768     -17.5 %   -1.4 %
    Total Assets $ 3,473,822   $ 3,599,118   $ 3,849,195     -3.5 %   -9.8 %
               
    LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY          
               
    LIABILITIES          
    Non-interest bearing deposits $ 542,621   $ 520,387   $ 531,112     4.3 %   2.2 %
    Interest bearing deposits   2,143,887     2,230,471     2,460,547     -3.9 %   -12.9 %
    Total deposits   2,686,508     2,750,858     2,991,659     -2.3 %   -10.2 %
    FHLB advances   405,499     455,361     472,949     -10.9 %   -14.3 %
    Subordinated debentures   43,024     42,961     37,624     0.1 %   14.4 %
    Operating lease liability   13,087     13,139     12,579     -0.4 %   4.0 %
    Other liabilities   10,982     12,874     14,253     -14.7 %   -22.9 %
    Total Liabilities   3,159,100     3,275,193     3,529,064     -3.5 %   -10.5 %
               
    STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY          
    Preferred stock: $0.01 par value, 10,000 shares authorized   –     –     –     –     –  
    Additional paid-in capital preferred stock   25,243     24,723     27,733     2.1 %   -9.0 %
    Common stock: no par value, 40,000 shares authorized   –     –     –     0.0 %   0.0 %
    Additional paid-in capital common stock   201,804     200,935     199,726     0.4 %   1.0 %
    Retained earnings   130,291     141,853     138,643     -8.2 %   -6.0 %
    Accumulated other comprehensive loss   (4,269 )   (5,239 )   (7,624 )   –     –  
    Treasury stock, at cost   (38,347 )   (38,347 )   (38,347 )   0.0 %   0.0 %
    Total Stockholders’ Equity   314,722     323,925     320,131     -2.8 %   -1.7 %
               
    Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity $ 3,473,822   $ 3,599,118   $ 3,849,195     -3.5 %   -9.8 %
               
    Outstanding common shares   17,163     17,063     16,957      
               
      Three Months Ended March 31,
      2025   2024
      Average Balance Interest Earned/Paid Average Yield/Rate (3)   Average Balance Interest Earned/Paid Average Yield/Rate (3)
      (Dollars in thousands)
    Interest-earning assets:              
    Loans Receivable (4)(5) $ 2,994,529   $ 38,927     5.27 %   $ 3,299,938   $ 43,722     5.30 %
    Investment Securities   117,205     1,529     5.22 %     96,226     1,280     5.32 %
    Other Interest-earning assets (6)   331,808     3,736     4.57 %     303,291     4,283     5.65 %
    Total Interest-earning assets   3,443,542     44,192     5.20 %     3,699,455     49,285     5.33 %
    Non-interest-earning assets   125,974           125,480      
    Total assets $ 3,569,516         $ 3,824,935      
    Interest-bearing liabilities:              
    Interest-bearing demand accounts $ 560,565   $ 2,369     1.71 %   $ 560,190   $ 2,230     1.59 %
    Money market accounts   394,282     3,049     3.14 %     369,096     3,027     3.28 %
    Savings accounts   252,227     151     0.24 %     277,731     166     0.24 %
    Certificates of Deposit   1,005,669     10,762     4.34 %     1,239,807     14,983     4.83 %
    Total interest-bearing deposits   2,212,743     16,331     2.99 %     2,446,824     20,406     3.34 %
    Borrowed funds   488,418     5,856     4.86 %     510,503     5,736     4.49 %
    Total interest-bearing liabilities   2,701,161     22,187     3.33 %     2,957,327     26,142     3.54 %
    Non-interest-bearing liabilities   543,660           552,959      
    Total liabilities   3,244,821           3,510,286      
    Stockholders’ equity   324,695           314,649      
    Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 3,569,516         $ 3,824,935      
    Net interest income   $ 22,005         $ 23,143    
    Net interest rate spread(1)       1.87 %         1.79 %
    Net interest margin(2)       2.59 %         2.50 %
                   
    (1) Net interest rate spread represents the difference between the average yield on average interest-earning assets and the average cost of average interest-bearing liabilities.
    (2) Net interest margin represents net interest income divided by average total interest-earning assets.
    (3) Annualized.
    (4) Excludes allowance for credit losses.
    (5) Includes non-accrual loans.
    (6) Includes Federal Home Loan Bank of New York Stock.
                   
      Financial Condition data by quarter
      Q1 2025 Q4 2024 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024
               
      (In thousands, except book values)
    Total assets $ 3,473,822   $ 3,599,118   $ 3,613,770   $ 3,793,941   $ 3,849,195  
    Cash and cash equivalents   252,750     317,282     243,123     326,870     352,448  
    Securities   125,853     111,189     108,302     94,965     96,189  
    Loans receivable, net   2,917,610     2,996,259     3,087,914     3,161,925     3,226,877  
    Deposits   2,686,508     2,750,858     2,724,580     2,935,239     2,991,659  
    Borrowings   448,523     498,322     533,466     510,710     510,573  
    Stockholders’ equity   314,722     323,925     328,113     320,732     320,131  
    Book value per common share1 $ 16.87   $ 17.54   $ 17.50   $ 17.17   $ 17.24  
    Tangible book value per common share2 $ 16.56   $ 17.23   $ 17.19   $ 16.86   $ 16.93  
               
      Operating data by quarter
      Q1 2025 Q4 2024 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024
      (In thousands, except for per share amounts)
    Net interest income $ 22,005   $ 22,194   $ 23,045   $ 23,639   $ 23,143  
    Provision for credit losses   20,845     4,154     2,890     2,438     2,088  
    Non-interest income (loss)   1,791     938     3,127     (3,234 )   2,109  
    Non-interest expense   14,660     14,367     13,929     13,987     14,838  
    Income tax (benefit) expense   (3,385 )   1,339     2,685     1,163     2,460  
    Net (loss) income $ (8,324 ) $ 3,272   $ 6,668   $ 2,817   $ 5,866  
    Net (loss) income per diluted share $ (0.51 ) $ 0.16   $ 0.36   $ 0.14   $ 0.32  
    Common Dividends declared per share $ 0.16   $ 0.16   $ 0.16   $ 0.16   $ 0.16  
               
      Financial Ratios(3)
      Q1 2025 Q4 2024 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024
    Return on average assets   (0.95 %)   0.36 %   0.72 %   0.30 %   0.61 %
    Return on average stockholders’ equity   (10.40 %)   4.04 %   8.29 %   3.52 %   7.46 %
    Net interest margin   2.59 %   2.53 %   2.58 %   2.60 %   2.50 %
    Stockholders’ equity to total assets   9.06 %   9.00 %   9.08 %   8.45 %   8.32 %
    Efficiency Ratio4   61.61 %   62.11 %   53.22 %   68.55 %   58.76 %
               
      Asset Quality Ratios
      Q1 2025 Q4 2024 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024
      (In thousands, except for ratio %)
    Non-Accrual Loans $ 99,833   $ 44,708   $ 35,330   $ 32,448   $ 22,241  
    Non-Accrual Loans as a % of Total Loans   3.36 %   1.48 %   1.13 %   1.01 %   0.68 %
    ACL as % of Non-Accrual Loans   51.6 %   77.8 %   98.2 %   108.6 %   155.4 %
    Individually Analyzed Loans   122,517     83,399     66,048     60,798     65,731  
    Classified Loans   251,989     152,714     98,316     87,033     97,739  
               
    (1) Calculated by dividing stockholders’ equity, less preferred equity, to shares outstanding.
    (2) Calculated by dividing tangible stockholders’ common equity, a non-GAAP measure, by shares outstanding. Tangible stockholders’ common equity is stockholders’ equity less goodwill and preferred stock. See “Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Financial Measures by quarter.”  
    (3) Ratios are presented on an annualized basis, where appropriate.
    (4) The Efficiency Ratio, a non-GAAP measure, was calculated by dividing non-interest expense by the total of net interest income and non-interest income. See “Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Financial Measures by quarter.”
               
      Recorded Investment in Loans Receivable by quarter
      Q1 2025 Q4 2024 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024
      (In thousands)
    Residential one-to-four family $ 232,456   $ 239,870   $ 241,050   $ 242,706   $ 244,762  
    Commercial and multi-family   2,221,218     2,246,677     2,296,886     2,340,385     2,392,970  
    Construction   118,779     135,434     146,471     173,207     180,975  
    Commercial business   330,358     342,799     371,365     375,355     378,073  
    Home equity   66,479     66,769     67,566     66,843     65,518  
    Consumer   2,271     2,235     2,309     2,053     2,847  
      $ 2,971,561   $ 3,033,784   $ 3,125,647   $ 3,200,549   $ 3,265,145  
    Less:          
    Deferred loan fees, net   (2,467 )   (2,736 )   (3,040 )   (3,381 )   (3,705 )
    Allowance for credit losses   (51,484 )   (34,789 )   (34,693 )   (35,243 )   (34,563 )
               
    Total loans, net $ 2,917,610   $ 2,996,259   $ 3,087,914   $ 3,161,925   $ 3,226,877  
               
      Non-Accruing Loans in Portfolio by quarter
      Q1 2025 Q4 2024 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024
      (In thousands)
    Residential one-to-four family $ 1,138   $ 1,387   $ 410   $ 350   $ 429  
    Commercial and multi-family   89,296     32,974     27,693     27,796     12,627  
    Construction   586     586     586     586     3,225  
    Commercial business   8,374     9,530     6,498     3,673     5,916  
    Home equity   439     231     123     43     44  
    Consumer   –     –     20     –     –  
    Total: $ 99,833   $ 44,708   $ 35,330   $ 32,448   $ 22,241  
               
      Distribution of Deposits by quarter
      Q1 2025 Q4 2024 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024
      (In thousands)
    Demand:          
    Non-Interest Bearing $ 542,620   $ 520,387   $ 528,089   $ 523,816   $ 531,112  
    Interest Bearing   537,468     553,731     527,862     549,239     552,295  
    Money Market   405,793     395,004     366,655     371,689     361,791  
    Sub-total: $ 1,485,881   $ 1,469,122   $ 1,422,606   $ 1,444,744   $ 1,445,198  
    Savings and Club   254,732     252,491     255,115     258,680     272,051  
    Certificates of Deposit   945,895     1,029,245     1,046,859     1,231,815     1,274,410  
    Total Deposits: $ 2,686,508   $ 2,750,858   $ 2,724,580   $ 2,935,239   $ 2,991,659  
               
      Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Financial Measures by quarter
               
      Tangible Book Value per Share
      Q1 2025 Q4 2024 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024
      (In thousands, except per share amounts)
    Total Stockholders’ Equity $ 314,722   $ 323,925   $ 328,113   $ 320,732   $ 320,131  
    Less: goodwill   5,253     5,253     5,253     5,253     5,253  
    Less: preferred stock   25,243     24,723     29,763     28,403     27,733  
    Total tangible common stockholders’ equity   284,226     293,949     293,097     287,076     287,145  
    Shares common shares outstanding   17,163     17,063     17,048     17,029     16,957  
    Book value per common share $ 16.87   $ 17.54   $ 17.50   $ 17.17   $ 17.24  
    Tangible book value per common share $ 16.56   $ 17.23   $ 17.19   $ 16.86   $ 16.93  
               
      Efficiency Ratios
      Q1 2025 Q4 2024 Q3 2024 Q2 2024 Q1 2024
      (In thousands, except for ratio %)
    Net interest income $ 22,005   $ 22,194   $ 23,045   $ 23,639   $ 23,143  
    Non-interest income (loss)   1,791     938     3,127     (3,234 )   2,109  
    Total income   23,796     23,132     26,172     20,405     25,252  
    Non-interest expense   14,660     14,367     13,929     13,987     14,838  
    Efficiency Ratio   61.61 %   62.11 %   53.22 %   68.55 %   58.76 %
               
    Contact: Michael Shriner,
    President & CEO
    Jawad Chaudhry,
    EVP & CFO
    (201) 823-0700
       

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: GCM Grosvenor Announces $1.3 Billion Final Close for Infrastructure Advantage Fund II, a Nearly 50% Increase Over its Predecessor Fund

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    CHICAGO, April 22, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — GCM Grosvenor (Nasdaq: GCMG), a leading global alternative asset management solutions provider, announced the final close of its Infrastructure Advantage Fund II (“IAF II” or the “Fund”) was held on March 31, 2025, securing $1.3 billion in commitments, a substantial increase over its predecessor, “Fund I”, which closed in 2020 at $893 million.   

    GCM Grosvenor’s Infrastructure Advantage Strategy focuses on partnership with organized labor and other stakeholders to invest in infrastructure projects with long-term community and economic benefits. Similar to Fund I, IAF II will focus on building a diverse portfolio of assets across infrastructure sectors including transportation, energy transition, and digital infrastructure. The Fund attracted a broad group of 58 investors from across the U.S. and Canada.

    “We are grateful for the continued confidence of our investors, who share our vision of effectively deploying infrastructure capital in the U.S. and Canada,” said Michael Sacks, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer at GCM Grosvenor. “We look forward to building on the success of Fund I and delivering value to our IAF II investors.”

    Launched in 2018, GCM Grosvenor’s Infrastructure Advantage Strategy manages nearly $2.5 billion in assets, and through its investments, has generated more than $8 billion* of total economic impact across the United States and Canada.

    *Source: IMPLAN 2022 Data Set.

    About GCM Grosvenor 
    GCM Grosvenor (Nasdaq: GCMG) is a global alternative asset management solutions provider with approximately $80 billion in assets under management across private equity, infrastructure, real estate, credit, and absolute return investment strategies. The firm has specialized in alternatives for more than 50 years and is dedicated to delivering value for clients by leveraging its cross-asset class and flexible investment platform.​  

    GCM Grosvenor’s experienced team of approximately 550 professionals serves a global client base of institutional and individual investors. The firm is headquartered in Chicago, with offices in New York, Toronto, London, Frankfurt, Tokyo, Hong Kong, Seoul, and Sydney. For more information, visit: www.gcmgrosvenor.com.  

    Media Contact 
    Tom Johnson and Abigail Ruck 
    H/Advisors Abernathy 
    tom.johnson@h-advisors.global / abigail.ruck@h-advisors.global 
    212-371-5999

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Stripping federal protection for clean water harms just about everyone, especially already vulnerable communities

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Jeremy Orr, Adjunct Professor of Law, Michigan State University

    A Des Moines Water Works employee takes samples from a nearby river for analysis. The regional water utility delivers drinking water to more than 500,000 Iowans. AP Photo/Charlie Neibergall

    Before Congress passed the Clean Water Act in 1972, U.S. factories and cities could pipe their pollution directly into waterways. Rivers, including the Potomac in Washington, smelled of raw sewage and contained toxic chemicals. Ohio’s Cuyahoga River was so contaminated, its oil slicks erupted in flames.

    That unchecked pollution didn’t just harm the rivers and their ecosystems; it harmed the humans who relied on their water.

    The Clean Water Act established a federal framework “to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological integrity of the Nation’s waters.”

    As an attorney and law professor, I’ve spent my career upholding these protections and teaching students about their legal and historical significance. That’s why I’m deeply concerned about the federal government’s new efforts to roll back those safeguards and the impact they’ll have on human lives.

    A fire of an oil slick on the Cuyahoga River swept through docks at the Great Lakes Towing Company site in Cleveland in 1952, one of several times that pollution in the river caught fire.
    Bettman/Getty Images

    Amid all the changes out of Washington, it can be easy to lose sight of not only which environmental policies and regulations are being rolled back, but also of who is affected. The reality is that communities already facing pollution and failing infrastructure can become even more vulnerable when federal protections are stripped away. Those laws are ultimately meant to protect the quality of the tap water people drink and the rivers they fish in, and in the long-term health of their neighborhoods.

    A few of the most pressing concerns in my view include the government’s moves to narrow federal water protections, pause water infrastructure investments and retreat from environmental enforcement.

    Diminishing protection for US wetlands

    In 2023, the Supreme Court narrowed the definition of “waters of the United States.” In its decision in Sackett vs. Environmental Protection Agency, the court determined that only wetlands that maintained a physical surface connection to other federally protected waters qualified for protection under the Clean Water Act.

    Wetlands are important for water quality in many areas. They naturally filter pollution from water, reduce flooding in communities and help ensure that millions of Americans enjoy cleaner drinking water. The Clean Water Act limits what industries and farms can discharge or dump into those waterways considered “waters of the U.S.” However, mapping by the Natural Resources Defense Council found that upward of 84%, or 70 million acres, of the nation’s wetlands lacked protection after the ruling.

    The Sackett ruling also called into question the definition of “waters of the U.S.”

    The Trump EPA, in announcing its plans to rewrite the definition in 2025, said it would make accelerating economic opportunity a priority by reducing “red tape” and costs for businesses. Statements from the administration suggest that officials want to loosen restrictions on industries discharging pollution and construction debris into wetlands.

    Toxic algae blooms fueled by farm, urban and industrial runoff can trigger fish kills and shut down beaches for days, harming tourism businesses.
    Joe Raedle/Getty Images

    Pollution already harms wetlands along Florida’s Gulf Coast, leading to fewer fish and degraded water quality. It also affects people whose jobs depend on healthy waterways for fishing, recreation and tourism.

    This marks a shift away from the federal government protecting wetlands for the role they play in public health and resilience. Instead, it prioritizes development and industry – even if that means more pollution.

    Pausing investment for rebuilding crumbling infrastructure

    Public water systems are also at risk. The Trump administration on its first full day in office froze at least US$10 billion in federal water infrastructure funding. That included money for replacing lead pipes and building new water treatment plants, allocated under the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law of 2021 and the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022.

    Public water systems across the country have been falling into disrepair in recent decades due to aging and sometimes dangerous infrastructure, as cities with lead water pipes have discovered.

    The American Society of Civil Engineers gave the nation’s drinking water, stormwater and wastewater infrastructure grades of a C-minus, D and D-plus, respectively, in its 2025 Infrastructure Report Card. The group estimates that America’s drinking water systems alone need more than $625 billion in investment over the next 20 years to reach a state of good repair.

    Jackson, Miss., volunteers distributed bottled water to residents in 2022 after the aging water system failed.
    AP Photo/Steve Helber

    Congress passed the Infrastructure Law and the Inflation Reduction Act to help pay for updating drinking water, wastewater and stormwater systems. That included replacing lead pipes and tackling water contamination, especially in the most vulnerable communities. Many of the same communities also have high poverty and unemployment rates and histories of racial segregation rooted in government discrimination.

    Where I live in Detroit, this need is especially clear. We have the fourth-highest number of lead service lines, connecting water mains to buildings, of any city in the country, and these pipes continue to put people at risk every day. Just an hour up the road, the Flint water crisis left a predominantly Black, working-class community to suffer the consequences of lead-contaminated water.

    These aren’t abstract problems; they’re happening right now, in real communities, to real people.

    Dropping lawsuits meant to stop pollution

    The Trump administration’s decision to drop from some environmental enforcement lawsuits filed by previous administrations is adding to the risks that communities face.

    The administration argues that these decisions are about reducing regulatory burdens – dropping these lawsuits reduces costs for companies.

    However, stepping back from these lawsuits leaves the communities without a meaningful way to put an end to the long-standing harms of environmental pollution. Few communities have the resources to litigate against private polluters and must rely on regulatory agencies to sue on their behalf.

    Real lives are affected by these changes

    What America is seeing now is more than a change in regulatory approach. It’s a step back from decades of progress that made the nation’s water safer and communities healthier.

    President Donald Trump talked repeatedly on the campaign trail about wanting clean air and clean water. However, the administration’s moves to reduce protection for wetlands, freeze infrastructure investments and abandon environmental enforcement can have real consequences for both.

    At a time when so many systems are already under strain, it raises the question: What kind of commitment is the federal government really making to the future of clean water in America?

    Jeremy Orr works for Michigan State University College of Law and Earthjustice.

    – ref. Stripping federal protection for clean water harms just about everyone, especially already vulnerable communities – https://theconversation.com/stripping-federal-protection-for-clean-water-harms-just-about-everyone-especially-already-vulnerable-communities-252267

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Some politicians who share harmful information are rewarded with more clicks, study finds

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Yu-Ru Lin, Associate Professor of Computing and Information, University of Pittsburgh

    The likes pour in for some politicians who post misinformation. J Studios/DigitalVision via Getty Images

    What happens when politicians post false or toxic messages online? My team and I found evidence that suggests U.S. state legislators can increase or decrease their public visibility by sharing unverified claims or using uncivil language during times of high political tension. This raises questions about how social media platforms shape public opinion and, intentionally or not, reward certain behaviors.

    I’m a computational social scientist, and my team builds tools to study political communication on social media. In our latest study we looked at what types of messages made U.S. state legislators stand out online during 2020 and 2021 – a time marked by the pandemic, the 2020 election and the Jan. 6 Capitol riot. We focused on two types of harmful content: low-credibility information and uncivil language such as insults or extreme statements. We measured their impact based on how widely a post was liked, shared or commented on on Facebook and X, at the time Twitter.

    Our study found that this harmful content is linked to increased visibility for posters. However, the effects vary. For example, Republican legislators who posted low-credibility information were more likely to receive greater online attention, a pattern not observed among Democrats. In contrast, posting uncivil content generally reduced visibility, particularly for lawmakers at ideological extremes.

    Why it matters

    Social media platforms such as Facebook and X have become one of the main stages for political debate and persuasion. Politicians use them to reach voters, promote their agendas, rally supporters and attack rivals. But some of their posts get far more attention than others.

    Earlier research showed that false information spreads faster and reaches wider audiences than factual content. Platform algorithms often push content that makes people angry or emotional higher in feeds. At the same time, uncivil language can deepen divisions and make people lose trust in democratic processes.

    When platforms reward harmful content with increased visibility, politicians have an incentive to post such messages, because increased visibility can lead directly to greater media attention and potentially more voter support. Our findings raise concerns that platform algorithms may unintentionally reward divisive or misleading behavior.

    Political misinformation has burgeoned in recent years.

    When harmful content becomes a winning strategy for politicians to stand out, it can distort public debates, deepen polarization and make it harder for voters to find trustworthy information.

    How we did our work

    We gathered nearly 4 million tweets and half a million Facebook posts from over 6,500 U.S. state legislators during 2020 and 2021. We used machine learning techniques to determine causal relationships between content and visibility.

    The techniques allowed us to compare posts that were similar in almost every aspect except that one had harmful content and the other didn’t. By measuring the difference in how widely those posts were seen or shared, we could estimate how much visibility was gained or lost due solely to that harmful content.

    What other research is being done

    Most research on harmful content has focused on national figures or social media influencers. Our study instead examined state legislators, who significantly shape state-level laws on issues such as education, health and public safety but typically receive less media coverage and fact-checking.

    State legislators often escape broad scrutiny, which creates opportunities for misinformation and toxic content to spread unchecked. This makes their online activities especially important to understand.

    What’s next

    We plan on conducting ongoing analyses to determine whether the patterns we found during the intense years of 2020 and 2021 persist over time. Do platforms and audiences continue rewarding low-credibility information, or is that effect temporary?

    We also plan to examine how changes in moderation policies such as X’s shift to less oversight or Facebook’s end of human fact-checking affect what gets seen and shared. Finally, we want to better understand how people react to harmful posts: Are they liking them, sharing them in outrage, or trying to correct them?

    Building on our current findings, this line of research can help shape smarter platform design, more effective digital literacy efforts and stronger protections for healthy political conversation.

    The Research Brief is a short take on interesting academic work.

    Yu-Ru Lin receives funding from external funding agencies such as the National Science Foundation (NSF).

    – ref. Some politicians who share harmful information are rewarded with more clicks, study finds – https://theconversation.com/some-politicians-who-share-harmful-information-are-rewarded-with-more-clicks-study-finds-252491

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: I study local government and Hurricane Helene forced me from my home − here’s how rural towns and counties in North Carolina and beyond cooperate to rebuild

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Jay Rickabaugh, Assistant Professor of Public Administration, North Carolina State University

    Last year was a record year for disasters in the United States. A new report from the British charity International Institute for Environment and Development finds that 90 disasters were declared nationwide in 2024, from wildfires in California to Hurricane Helene in North Carolina.

    The average number of annual disasters in the U.S. is about 55.

    The Federal Emergency Management Agency provides funding and recovery assistance to states after disasters. President Donald Trump criticized the agency in January 2025 when he visited hurricane-stricken western North Carolina. Though 41% of Americans lived in an area affected by disaster in 2024, according to the institute’s report, the Trump administration is reportedly working to abolish or dramatically diminish FEMA’s operations.

    “FEMA has been a very big disappointment. They cost a tremendous amount of money. It’s very bureaucratic, and it’s very slow,” Trump declared, saying he thought states were better positioned to “take care of problems” after a disaster.

    “A governor can handle something very quickly,” he said.

    Trump’s remarks have prompted a heated response, including proposals to fundamentally overhaul – but not abolish – federal disaster recovery.

    But I believe the current discussion about FEMA handling U.S. disasters puts the emphasis in the wrong place.

    As a scholar who researches how small and rural local governments cooperate, I believe this public debate demonstrates that many people fundamentally misunderstand how disaster recovery actually works, especially in rural areas, where locally directed efforts are particularly key to that recovery.

    I know this from personal experience, too: I am a resident of Watauga County, in western North Carolina, and I evacuated during Hurricane Helene after landslides severely impaired the roads around my home.

    When disaster strikes

    Here, in short, is what happens after a disaster.

    Federal legislation from 1988 called the Stafford Act gives governors the power to declare disasters. If the president agrees and also declares the region a disaster, that puts federal programs and activities in motion.

    Yet local officials are generally involved from the very start of this process. Governors usually seek input from state and local emergency managers and other municipal officials before making a disaster declaration, and it is local officials who begin the disaster response.

    That’s because small and rural local governments actually have the most local knowledge to lead recovery efforts in their area after a disaster.

    Local officials determine conditions on the ground, coordinate search and rescue, and help bring utilities and other infrastructure back online. They have relationships with community members that can inform decision-making. For example, a county senior center will know which residents receive Meals on Wheels and might need a wellness check after disaster.

    However, small towns cannot do all this alone. They need FEMA’s money and resources, and that can present a problem. The process of applying and complying with the requirements of the grants is incredibly complex and burdensome. According to FEMA’s website, there are eight phases in the disaster aid process, composed of 28 steps that range from “preliminary damage assesment” to “recovery scoping video” to “compliance reviews” and “reconciliation.” Getting through these eight phases takes years.

    If you think this FEMA graphic shows a simple, straightforward process, there might be a job for you in emergency managment.
    Public Assistance’s Consolidated Resource Centers’ 2022 New Hire Training, Federal Emergency Management Agency.

    Larger cities and counties frequently have dedicated staff that apply for disaster aid and ensure compliance with regulations. But smaller governments can struggle to apply for and administer state or federal grants on their own – especially after a disaster, when demands are so high.

    That’s where regional intergovernmental organizations come in. Every region has its own name for these entities. They’re often called councils of government, regional planning commissions or area development districts. My colleagues and I call them RIGOs, for their initials.

    What is a RIGO?

    No matter the name, RIGOs are collaborative bodies that allow local governments to cooperate for services and programs they might not otherwise be able to afford. Bringing together local elected officials from usually about three to five counties, RIGOs help local officials cooperate to address the shared needs of everyone in their area. They do this in normal times; they also do this when disasters strike.

    RIGOs operate throughout most of the U.S., in big cities and rural areas, in turbulent times and in calm. They serve different needs in different regions, but in all cases, RIGOs bring together local elected officials to solve common problems.

    One example of this in western North Carolina is the Digital Seniors project, launched during COVID-19. Here, the local RIGO is called the Southwestern Commission. In 2021, the RIGO area agency on aging coordinated with the Fontana Regional Library to help dozens of elders who had never been connected to the internet get online during the pandemic. The Southwestern Commission used its relationships with the local senior centers to identify people who needed the service, and the library had access to hot spots and laptops through a grant from the state of North Carolina.

    In rural areas, RIGOs work alongside regional business and nonprofits to allow local governments to offer regular services and programs they might not otherwise be able to afford, such as public transportation, senior citizen services or economic development.

    Part of that work is helping member governments navigate the maze of federal and state funding opportunities for the projects they hope to get done, often by employing a specialized grant administrator. Each small local government may not have enough work or revenue to justify such a staff member, but many together have the workload and funding to hire someone specially trained to abide by the rules of funding from states and the federal government.

    This system helps small local governments receive their fair share in federal grant money and report back on how the money was spent.

    Transparency, technical compliance and action

    Disasters rarely respect borders. That’s why governments generally work together to distribute grant money for rebuilding communities.

    In the summer of 2022, eastern Kentucky faced deadly flooding after receiving about 15 inches of rain over four days – 600% above normal. The North Fork of the Kentucky River crested at approximately 21 feet, killing over two dozen people and damaging 9,000 homes and more than 100 businesses.

    A volunteer helps to clear debris in Perry County, Ky., after the historic floods of August 2022.
    Michael Swensen/Getty Images

    The Kentucky River Area Development District, a RIGO representing eight counties, played a key role in the area’s recovery. It secured millions in FEMA aid and maintained critical services, including expanded food delivery and transportation for elderly residents.

    Similarly, after disastrous flooding hit Vermont in 2023 and 2024, another RIGO, the Central Vermont Regional Planning Commission, jumped into action. It quickly provided emergency communication to the 23 small villages and towns in its region and has since supported local governments applying for grants and reimbursements.

    Today, it continues to assist in Vermont’s disaster planning and flood mitigation. This is also part of the recovery process.

    Local control

    Rebuilding after a disaster is a long, arduous process. It begins after national journalists and politicians have left the area and continues for years. That would be true no matter how Trump restructures emergency aid: The damage is massive, and so is the repair.

    For example, here’s how western North Carolina looks six months after Helene: Most businesses have reopened, most folks have running water again, and people can drive in and out of the area.

    But many roads are still full of broken pavement. Mud from landslides presses up against the sides of the highway, and condemned housing teeters on the edge of ravaged creek beds.

    A storm-damaged apartment complex in Swannanoa, N.C., in March 2025.
    Sean Rayford/Getty Images

    It is, in other words, too soon to see the full impact of local government efforts to rebuild my region. But RIGOs across the region are hiring additional temporary staff to help local governments get federal money and comply with complex guidelines. Their support ensures that decisions affecting North Carolinians are voted on by the city and county leaders they elected – not decreed by governors or handed down from Washington, D.C.

    Locally led rebuilding is slow and difficult work, yes. But it is, in my opinion, the most community-responsive way to deal with disaster.

    Jaylen Peacox, a graduate student in public administration at North Carolina State University, contributed to this story.

    Jay Rickabaugh receives grant funding from the National Science Foundation. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.

    – ref. I study local government and Hurricane Helene forced me from my home − here’s how rural towns and counties in North Carolina and beyond cooperate to rebuild – https://theconversation.com/i-study-local-government-and-hurricane-helene-forced-me-from-my-home-heres-how-rural-towns-and-counties-in-north-carolina-and-beyond-cooperate-to-rebuild-248606

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: A warning for Democrats from the Gilded Age and the 1896 election

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Adam M. Silver, Associate Professor of Political Science, Emmanuel College

    Chief Justice Melville Weston Fuller administers the oath of office to William McKinley during his presidential inauguration in 1897, as outgoing President Grover Cleveland looks on. AP Photo/Library of Congress

    More than five months after President Donald Trump defeated Kamala Harris, Democrats are still trying to understand why they lost the election and the Senate majority – and how the party can regroup.

    These concerns have only increased in the wake of Trump’s sustained activity at the start of his second term. The American public has witnessed a Democratic Party struggling to craft a coherent strategy.

    Recently, Trump has joined a chorus of people likening the current political period to the Gilded Age – the late 19th-century period known for economic industrialization and wealth inequality.

    As a political scientist focused on electoral politics, I believe the Gilded Age provides a warning for the Democrats’ current situation, as the party’s internal struggles hampered its ability to wage successful national campaigns.

    The party period

    Scholars of U.S. political history often refer to the bulk of the 19th century as the party period due to the degree to which party politics permeated society. Parties framed political discourse through the creation of “brands” centered on distinct ideologies.

    These ideologies offered coherent ideas of what it meant to be a Democrat or a Republican.

    Democrats opposed a strong national government in favor of states’ rights. They resisted vesting too much economic authority in the national government. And they used their states’ rights position to justify human enslavement and racially discriminatory policies.

    Republicans embraced national authority over states’ rights. It was a vision centered on a national political economy that fostered manufacturing and industrialization. This economic approach was accompanied at times by opposition to immigration in often nativist and racist rhetoric.

    The Gilded Age

    The Gilded Age has been compared with the present. That’s due, in part, to the period’s rapid industrialization, increased immigration and prominent debates over economic policy.

    And like today, these Gilded Age years, roughly from 1870 to 1900, witnessed intense competition between Democrats and Republicans, during which only about seven states were contested in any given election due to the regional basis of support for each party.

    From 1860 to 1912, Democrats won the White House only twice – Grover Cleveland in 1884 and 1892. But they won the popular vote two more times, while losing the Electoral College – Samuel Tilden in 1876 and Cleveland in 1888.

    Further, from the 1870s to the 1890s, party control of Congress tended to rely on slim majorities.

    Democrats usually held the House and Republicans controlled the Senate.

    The 1880s and 1890s were characterized by debates over economic policies, primarily the protective tariff. That tariff was supported by Northern industrialists to protect domestic industry and opposed by Southern agrarians. The U.S. monetary standard, which determines how value is measured, also dominated discussions.

    The 1888 election revealed tensions among Democrats, primarily over the tariff, that became a harbinger of the party’s struggles in 1896. The party’s inability to reconcile competing constituencies in its coalition and offer a coherent message on the tariff ultimately cost them the White House.

    After winning reelection in 1892, Democrat Cleveland faced an economic depression that impeded the goals of his second term. The Democrats lost both chambers of Congress in the ensuing midterm election.

    President William McKinley, a Republican, is inaugurated in 1901.
    Heritage Art/Heritage Images via Getty Images

    The 1896 election

    The battle over the monetary standard consumed the 1896 election.

    From the 1870s-1890s, debates over whether greenbacks, or paper currency, should be redeemable in gold or silver ebbed and flowed.

    Republicans, buoyed by wealthy financiers, tended to support maintaining the gold standard only. Democrats, who courted laborers and farmers, usually supported the increased circulation of greenbacks redeemable in both gold and silver.

    The economic depression in 1893 heightened tensions on this issue, as many Americans sought to pay off their debts with cheaper currency.

    At their national convention, Democrats adopted the pro-silver position and nominated a populist firebrand for president, William Jennings Bryan.

    Republicans also faced internal divisions on the issue. But, as in 1888, they were able to overcome these tensions to maintain their coalition and supported the gold standard in their platform.

    The Republican candidate, William McKinley, defeated Bryan. The outcome solidified Republican primacy for 30 years.

    William Jennings Bryan campaigns in 1896.
    AP Photo

    The legacy of 1896

    Internal strife in the late 19th century hindered Democrats’ ability to advance a unified voice, mobilize their voters and attract new ones. In 1888 and 1896, these divisions harmed Democrats’ electoral prospects. Their organizational problems and intense internal discord proved too much for Bryan to overcome.

    Scholar James Reichley contends that the Republicans’ more effective organizing after Reconstruction may have resulted in a coherent message compared with the Democrats.

    And a lack of enthusiasm on the part of Democratic voters contributed to Republican success in 1894 and 1896, according to historian Richard White. Republicans mobilized their base and attracted new voters, while Democrats did not.

    These elections solidified voter alignments until 1932.

    Although Democrat Woodrow Wilson held the presidency from 1913 to 1921, Republicans dictated national policy and controlled Congress for most of those years. It took a massive economic depression to return the Democrats to the majority on the national level.

    Adam M. Silver does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. A warning for Democrats from the Gilded Age and the 1896 election – https://theconversation.com/a-warning-for-democrats-from-the-gilded-age-and-the-1896-election-250887

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Habeas corpus: A thousand-year-old legal principle for defending rights that’s getting a workout under the Trump administration

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Andrea Seielstad, Professor of Law, University of Dayton

    Two Latin words – ‘habeas corpus’ – protect any person, whether citizen or not, from being illegally confined. deepblue4you, iStock / Getty Images Plus

    In some parts of the world, a person may be secreted away or imprisoned by the government without any advanced notification of wrongdoing or chance to make a defense. This has not been lawful in the United States from its very inception, or in many other countries where the rule of law and respect for individual civil rights are paramount.

    The legal doctrine of “habeas corpus,” a Latin phrase that has its American roots in English law as early as the 12th century, stands as a barrier to unlawful arrest.

    In its essence, habeas corpus protects any person, whether citizen or not, from being illegally confined. Habeas corpus is Latin for “you shall have the body” and requires a judge literally to have the body of any incarcerated person brought physically forward so that the legality of their detention may be assessed.

    That is why habeas, sometimes also called the “Great Writ”, is front and center right now in many of the lawsuits challenging the Trump administration’s arrest and deportation of noncitizen students, scholars, humanitarian refugees and others.

    In an April 7, 2025, decision in a habeas corpus case brought by lawyers from the American Civil Liberties Union representing Venezuelans who faced deportation, the Supreme Court reaffirmed that the government must give those it aims to deport the opportunity to legally challenge their removal from the U.S. This chance for due process when deprived of liberty is what habeas corpus is and does.

    Since then, several federal judges have issued habeas writs blocking certain deportations from the U.S. and even movement of potential deportees from one state to another.

    The rapid deportation to El Salvador of noncitizens from the U.S. has sparked public concern about deportees’ ability to challenge the move.
    Dominic Gwinn, Middle East Image / Middle East Images via AFP

    Habeas corpus’s deep roots

    The idea that no person shall be deprived unjustly of liberty formally dates to the 39th Clause of the Magna Carta signed by England’s King John in 1215.

    The Magna Carta itself was, as the U.K. parliament describes it, “the first document to put into writing the principle that the king and his government was not above the law.”

    Although the writ originally was a means of enforcing the king’s power over his subjects, as noted by the Supreme Court in reviewing the writ’s long history, English judges over time issued habeas corpus “to enforce the King’s prerogative to inquire into the authority of a jailer to hold a prisoner.”

    The idea crossed the ocean to play an important part in the formation of the U.S. constitutional form of democracy. As the Supreme Court emphasized in a 2008 case holding that the habeas corpus privilege existed even for “aliens” designated as enemy combatants and detained at Guantanamo Bay: “Protection for the privilege of habeas corpus was one of the few safeguards of liberty specified in a Constitution that, at the outset, had no Bill of Rights.”

    In the Federal Judiciary Act of 1789, which created lower federal courts following the ratification of the Constitution, Congress gave immediate power to the federal courts to issue habeas corpus relief.



    Read more:
    Trump’s use of the Alien Enemies Act to deport Venezuelans to El Salvador sparks legal questions likely to reach the Supreme Court

    Congress expanded the right in 1867 to permit habeas corpus challenges to unlawful actions by state and local officials. This enabled people who were still held in slavery or indentured servitude, or otherwise detained in state jails, to seek release in federal court. This legislation also established the framework, still recognized today, for state prisoners to attack the constitutionality of their state convictions in federal court.

    States and some tribes also have their own habeas corpus statutes. Congress also extended habeas to allow federal challenges to detention by tribal officials via the Indian Civil Rights Act of 1968, which made many of the constitutional rights held by individuals applicable to official action by federally recognized Native American tribes. In fact, habeas corpus is the sole remedy under the Indian Civil Rights Act for challenging any of the enumerated rights in that act.

    When is habeas corpus used?

    The principal use of habeas corpus, historically and in more modern times, has been “to seek release of persons held in actual, physical custody in prison or jail,” as Justice Hugo Black wrote in a 1962 Supreme Court opinion.

    Its scope extends well beyond imprisonment, however. Habeas has been the vehicle for challenging interference with child custodial rights, involuntary commitment to inpatient treatment or psychiatric care, military induction, restrictive conditions of pretrial release, probation or parole, and banishment from tribal lands, to name a few examples.

    Besides securing the physical release of imprisoned persons, habeas corpus may result in dismissal of criminal charges, new trials or appeals, the appointment of legal counsel, and court orders directing remediation of cruel or inhumane conditions of confinement.

    The idea that no person shall be deprived unjustly of liberty formally dates back to the 39th Clause of this document, the Magna Carta, signed by England’s King John in 1215.
    The National Archives

    Critical safeguard of liberty

    Detained individuals have been blocked from using habeas corpus less than a handful of times in American history.

    In the words of the Constitution’s Article I, which governs congressional power: “The Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in Cases of Rebellion or Invasion the public Safety may require it.”

    For example, it was suspended by President Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War; in Hawaii after the 1941 bombing of Pearl Harbor; during rebellions in 11 South Carolina counties overtaken by the Ku Klux Klan during Reconstruction in the years just after the Civil War; and in certain provinces of the U.S.-controlled Philippines in 1905.

    Significantly, however, habeas relief has remained vital to challenges to presidential orders and congressional enactments even during times of war and other national security concerns.

    The Supreme Court reaffirmed the validity of using habeas corpus in many efforts to suspend or limit the writ in cases stemming from the Sept. 11, 2001, attacks.

    In November 2001, President George W. Bush issued a military order authorizing the indefinite detention of noncitizens suspected of being connected to terrorism. Under that order, Yaser Hamdi, who was an American citizen, was detained in U.S. military facilities without being charged, without legal counsel or the possibility of court hearings after being accused of fighting for the Taliban against the United States.

    In a 2004 ruling on Hamdi’s case against the government, the Supreme Court upheld the right of every American citizen to use habeas corpus, even when declared to be an enemy combatant.

    The court later ruled that Congress’ efforts to impose similar limits with respect to noncitizens being detained at Guantanamo Bay under the Military Commissions Act of 2006 were an unconstitutional abridgment of habeas corpus rights.

    In the 2004 landmark case of Rasul v. Bush, the Supreme Court reaffirmed limits on when habeas corpus can be suspended – and when it cannot. The justices said that even foreign detainees captured in countries around the world and brought to Guantanamo Bay on suspected ties to terrorism had the right to challenge their detention in U.S. courts.

    As these cases affirm, “Neither citizenship nor territoriality have been determined to be essential to the exercise of the writ.”

    Habeas corpus is a critical safeguard of liberty. In the words of Chief Justice John Marshall in the seminal 1803 case, Marbury v. Madison, the “very essence” of civil liberty is “the right to claim the protection of the laws, whenever he receives an injury.”

    Andrea Seielstad does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Habeas corpus: A thousand-year-old legal principle for defending rights that’s getting a workout under the Trump administration – https://theconversation.com/habeas-corpus-a-thousand-year-old-legal-principle-for-defending-rights-thats-getting-a-workout-under-the-trump-administration-254525

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI: Matador Technologies Provides Corporate Update Ahead of Digital Asset Platform

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Key Highlights

    • Digital Asset Platform Introduction: Matador is preparing to launch its Digital Asset Platform, enabling the inscription of digital art onto physical gold. The platform integrates precious metals-based art with blockchain infrastructure using Bitcoin Ordinals, a protocol built on the Bitcoin Network.
    • “Grammies” – Digital Gold Collectibles: The first product, “Grammies,” consists of 1-gram gold units with digital inscriptions recorded on Bitcoin. These units are tradable and transferable via Ordinals-compatible Bitcoin wallets and can be converted into physical gold-based artwork.
    • Timing and Market Context: Gold has recently exceeded ~USD$3,400/oz, providing a favorable environment for the Digital Gold Product launch, particularly as investors explore alternative stores of value amid global macroeconomic uncertainty.
    • Team and Infrastructure Updates: To support product development, Matador appointed Antoine De Vuyst as CTO and “dxxmsdxy” as Lead Designer. Bitcoin custody is managed by BitGo, and physical gold is stored at the Royal Canadian Mint.
    • Ongoing Strategy: In addition to the gold product, Matador intends to expand to other precious metals. The Company holds 64 BTC (including equivalents) and 2 kg of gold as part of its broader treasury strategy.

    TORONTO, April 22, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Matador Technologies Inc. (“Matador” or the “Company”) (TSXV: MATA, OTCQB: MTDTF), a Bitcoin Ecosystem company, is providing a corporate update as it moves toward the launch of its Digital Asset Platform, beginning with a gold-based product on the Bitcoin network, with an anticipated launch in the next couple of months. Over the past quarter, the Company has made progress in product development, treasury allocation, team expansion, and market engagement.

    Digital Asset Platform and Product Update

    The Company’s upcoming launch features “Grammies,” 1-gram units of physical gold linked to digital inscriptions using Bitcoin Ordinals. Users will be able to:

    • View Grammies in a personalized dashboard
    • Buy and sell in a secure trading environment
    • Transfer Grammies to Ordinals-compatible Bitcoin wallets
    • Print Grammies into physical gold artwork

    The launch coincides with a period of strong gold pricing—recently surpassing USD$3,400 per ounce (sourced from Reuters) —and increased interest in physical-digital asset convergence.

    “Gold has always been a store of value and we believe Bitcoin is the future of value transfer. Matador is where the two converge,” said Mark Moss, Chief Visionary Officer of Matador Technologies.

    In a press release issued on March 31, 2025, the Company appointed Antoine De Vuyst (CTO) and the pseudonymous artist “dxxmsdxy” (Lead Designer), both with experience in Bitcoin and Ordinals-related development. This team expansion aims to support secure and user-focused platform delivery.

    Matador expects the Grammies product to be the first of multiple offerings centered on precious metals and digital inscription. Silver and other metals are under consideration for future phases.

    Treasury and Capital Strategy

    As part of its asset diversification approach, Matador has continued to accumulate Bitcoin and physical gold. Since January 2025, the Company has added over 40 Bitcoin, bringing total holdings to roughly 64 BTC and BTC-equivalents. These purchases were funded with available cash.

    The Company also holds 2 kilograms of physical gold, acquired via Kitco Metals Inc, as announced in a press release issued on January 24, 2025. Matador remains debt-free.

    Custody and Market Access

    As announced in a press release issued on February 10, 2025, for custody of its Bitcoin, Matador has engaged BitGo Trust Company, which provides cold storage and multi-signature protection. Gold is held at the Royal Canadian Mint in Ottawa.

    To support market liquidity and visibility, Matador retained Independent Trading Group Inc. (ITG) as a market maker on the TSX Venture Exchange which was announced in a press release dated January 8, 2025. On March 18, 2025 the Company announced it listed on the OTCQB under the symbol MTDTF, broadening access to U.S.-based investors.

    Industry Engagement

    As indicated in a press release issued February 18, 2025, Matador participated in several recent industry events aimed at strengthening relationships with investors, partners, and other stakeholders, including:

    • Max & Stacy’s Bitcoin Golf Invitational (El Salvador)
    • The Inaugural Crypto Ball (Washington, D.C.)
    • AlphaNorth Capital Events (Bahamas and Whistler, Canada)
    • Centurion One’s Growth Conference (Toronto)
    • PDAC 2025 (Toronto)

    These engagements provided perspective on evolving market trends and helped reinforce Matador’s role within the Bitcoin, gold, and blockchain ecosystems.

    Looking Ahead

    Matador continues to advance its goal of developing a platform that combines real-world assets with blockchain utility. Supported by a clean balance sheet, growing team, and product focus, the Company is positioning itself at the intersection of traditional and digital finance.

    “We’ve made steady progress this quarter,” said Deven Soni, CEO of Matador Technologies. “We’re continuing to build the foundation needed to support the rollout of our Digital Gold Product and broader asset digitization strategy.”

    For additional information, please contact:

    Media Contact:
    Sunny Ray
    President
    Email: sunny@matador.network

    Phone: 647-932-2668

    About Matador Technologies Inc.
    Matador Technologies Inc. leverages blockchain technology to digitize assets like gold. Focused on building innovative financial solutions, Matador is at the forefront of integrating blockchain technology to preserve and grow value. Matador’s digital gold platform aims to democratize the gold buying experience, combining the best of modern technology and time-proven assets, to create a platform that will allow users to buy, sell, and store gold 24/7 in a convenient and engaging way.

    Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Information

    NEITHER THE TSX VENTURE EXCHANGE NOR ITS REGULATION SERVICES PROVIDER (AS THAT TERM IS DEFINED IN THE POLICIES OF THE TSX VENTURE EXCHANGE) ACCEPTS RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF THIS RELEASE.

    This news release does not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities in any jurisdiction.

    Forward Looking Statements – Certain information set forth in this news release may contain forward-looking statements that involve substantial known and unknown risks and uncertainties, including risks associated with the implementation of the Company’s treasury management strategy and the launch of its mobile application as currently proposed or at all. These forward-looking statements are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, certain of which are beyond the control of the Company, including with respect to the potential acquisition of Bitcoin and/or US dollars, the pricing of such acquisitions and the timing of future operations. Readers are cautioned that the assumptions used in the preparation of such information, although considered reasonable at the time of preparation, may prove to be imprecise and, as such, undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements.

    The MIL Network –