Health Minister Simeon Brown has today thanked outgoing Health New Zealand Chief Executive Fepulea’i Margie Apa for her service.
“Margie Apa was the first to hold the position of Chief Executive at Health New Zealand, taking on the challenge of transitioning New Zealand’s health system from regional district health boards into a single entity following the previous government’s reforms in the middle of a pandemic.
“Prior to this, Margie was Chief Executive of the Counties Manukau District Health Board, having built a career in public service.
“As Chief Executive at Health New Zealand, Margie remained committed to ensuring access to healthcare services while Health New Zealand grappled with significant operational and financial challenges stemming from the health system reforms.
“I acknowledge Margie’s decision to step down as Chief Executive of Health New Zealand and thank her for her service,” Mr Brown says.
Dr Dale Bramley will become acting Chief Executive of Health New Zealand, while a formal recruitment process is underway to find Ms Apa’s replacement.
“I look forward to working with Dr Bramley to ensure Health New Zealand focusses on its core role of ensuring access to timely, quality healthcare for all New Zealanders.”
The Government has appointed Hon Paul Davison KC as an independent arbiter to determine financial redress for survivors tortured at the Lake Alice Psychiatric Hospital Child and Adolescent Unit (the Lake Alice Unit).
In December, Cabinet set aside up to $22.68 million for redress for torture which consists of three components; a one-off payment which recognises an individual’s experience of torture as a child, a new written apology which explicitly acknowledges torture, and facilitating access to support and rehabilitative services.
Eligible survivors can choose either an expedited payment of $150,000 or an individual payment process where each claim is independently assessed by an independent arbiter who will determine payment amounts.
Hon Paul Davison KC is a retired judge of the High Court who also sat as a member of a Divisional Court of Appeal. He retired from the High Court in August 2023 and has since resumed practice at the Bar as a mediator and providing litigation and consultancy advice. In 1983, Hon Davison was the Counsel Assisting the Committee of Inquiry into Oakley Hospital that investigated the death of a patient following the administration of ECT. The Chair of the Committee of Inquiry was Sir Rodney Gallen who was later appointed to oversee the distribution of $6.5m to survivors of the Lake Alice in what is known as the first-round settlement.
“We wanted to ensure people have choice when going through this process. The individualised option allows survivors to opt for a payment that considers their personal experiences of torture at the Lake Alice Unit. Guided by terms of reference, Hon Davison KC will independently assess the claims of those who choose this pathway. I would like to thank him for his willingness to undertake this important role,” Lead Coordination Minister Erica Stanford says.
So far 77 survivors of the Lake Alice Unit have been confirmed as eligible to make their claim for redress. Survivors will have until 30 April 2025 to choose the individual payment process and until 30 September 2025 for the expedited pathway.
Payments for the expeditated process will begin in March, both processes will be complete by the end of 2025. All eligible survivors can access free independent legal advice to support them during this process.
Notes to editors:
Hon Paul Davison KC’s appointment will commence on 10 February 2025 and will end no later than 30 September 2025.
Payments will be made on a final settlement basis and will be exempt from being treated as income and will not affect the recipient’s tax-status or their entitlement to Ministry of Social Development (MSD) administered assistance.
Deputy Observatory Manager – Goddard Space Flight Center Growing up in Malaysia and Singapore, Hsiao Smith — now the deputy observatory manager for NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope — never imagined she’d have a career at NASA. But when she moved near NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, things quickly fell into place. A high school counselor noticed her aptitude for math and science and encouraged her to apply for a junior fellowship program at Goddard. “I never could have imagined that a summer internship would change my life and lead to such a fulfilling career at NASA!” Hsiao says. “Prior to that, I had no idea what an engineer did. Now, I’ve spent over 35 years involved in engineering at Goddard.”
Hsiao participated in a program that allowed her to come back to Goddard during summers and spring and winter breaks, so she continued working while going to college. She began her internship working on flight dynamics. Fueled by a desire to work more hands-on with flight hardware, Hsiao transferred to the power branch and started designing high-voltage power supplies for science instruments that would be launched into space. Hsiao earned a bachelor degree in electrical engineering from the University of Maryland and then started working at Goddard full time. She continued her studies, later receiving a master’s degree in engineering management. “Having hands-on experience on flight hardware gave me a better understanding of how to apply what I learned in the classroom to real life,” Hsiao says. “That experience was invaluable, and it gave me the opportunity to discover what I enjoy doing — designing and building flight hardware. And it was incredible to go from college straight into a job working as an engineer at NASA!” Hsiao soon moved on to designing power systems for spacecraft, starting with XTE, the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. It was the first time she had worked on a project all the way from the design concept to launch. Building on that experience, Hsiao spent the next 13 years working on the Hubble Space Telescope — first as the power systems manager, then the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph instrument manager, and finally the Hubble Servicing Mission 4 instrument systems manager. In the latter role, Hsiao delivered two new instruments to Hubble and worked with astronauts to conduct repairs on two Hubble instruments in space. “Working on Hubble opened the door to so many different opportunities,” Hsiao says. “I had the honor of working not only with the dedicated and talented engineers and scientists here at Goddard, but also world-class experts from other NASA centers, universities, contractors throughout the U.S., and international partners. And I had incredible opportunities few others will ever have, like working with astronauts and going on the shuttle before it launched from the Kennedy Space Center!”
Following her time with Hubble, she worked on the Lunar Laser Communications Demonstration project as a project manager. Hsiao worked with MIT/Lincoln Lab to develop and test NASA’s first optical communication technology that used a laser. Then Hsiao became the deputy program manager for JPSS (the Joint Polar Satellite Systems) where she designed the architecture and developed the cost and schedule for future JPSS missions. She then spent some time as the technical deputy division manager for the Satellite Servicing Projects Division, continuing the legacy of the Hubble servicing missions and advancing the state of the art in robotic servicing. This work demonstrated how robots could be used to refuel spacecraft and service their instruments. Now, she serves as a deputy observatory manager for NASA’s Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope. Hsiao has worked with Goddard’s engineering team to build the Roman spacecraft bus, which consists of avionics, attitude control, communication and propulsion systems, and other subsystems such as the solar arrays, deployable aperture cover, and the outer barrel assembly. She is currently preparing to test Roman’s newly combined spacecraft and payload. “It’s a privilege to manage and coordinate Roman hardware from the subsystem level to ensure that once they all work individually, they all function together as an observatory,” Hsiao says. Though she’s served in many roles at NASA, problem-solving has been a constant thread running through Hsiao’s career. “It’s exciting to come to work every day not knowing what’s in store for me,” she says. “It’s about coming in and resolving issues, making sure the team has the resources they need to get their jobs done.” Hsiao urges young engineers to take on new opportunities, keep pursuing their dream job, and seek out advice from mentors and people in career fields you’re interested in. “I’m working in my dream job, and it all goes back to my great mentors and bosses who were willing to give me opportunities beyond my expectations and to guide me toward my interests,” she says. “All the experiences I’ve had throughout this very fulfilling career stemmed from filling out an application as a high school senior. You never know where an opportunity will lead!” By Ashley BalzerNASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center
DLNR News Release – EXPLORE OUTDOOR HAWAI‘I SITE WINS WEB DESIGN GOLD, Feb. 6, 2025
Posted on Feb 6, 2025 in Latest Department News, Newsroom
STATE OFHAWAIʻI
KA MOKU ʻĀINA OHAWAIʻI
DEPARTMENT OF LAND AND NATURALRESOURCES
JOSH GREEN, M.D. GOVERNOR
DAWNCHANG CHAIRPERSON
EXPLORE OUTDOOR HAWAI‘I SITE WINS WEB DESIGN GOLD
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Feb. 6, 2025
HONOLULU – The Explore Outdoor Hawai‘i website, just launched in July, won gold in the Best of the Web – Government Agency category at the 2024 Horizon Interactive Awards (HIA). The HIA, now in its 23rd year, recognizes excellence in interactive media production and web design.
Explore Outdoor Hawai‘i was designed to be user-friendly, helping residents and visitors to easily find recreational information and services available across the state. This includes material on hiking safety, camping, filming, and hunter education as well as applications for various licenses and making reservations at popular state parks.
The site highlights unique and wide-ranging cultural, historical and natural resources that the DLNR manages, including information about responsible boating, pono fishing practices, and permits that are required for commercial businesses and activities.
Though relatively new, Explore Outdoor Hawai‘i (outdoor.hawaii.gov), created for DLNR by Tyler Technologies, is a trusted source for information on a variety of topics to help residents and visitors get outside and access Hawai‘i’s resources, on land and in the water.
# # #
RESOURCES
(All images/video courtesy: DLNR)
HD video – Explore Outdoor Hawai‘i website media clips (July 30, 2024): https://vimeo.com/992554739
A man has died following a fatal crash at Beaufort, in the state’s mid-north last night.
At 5.25pm on Thursday 6 February emergency services were called to Augusta Highway, 4 kilometres north of Beaufort after reports of a crash between a road train and a Yamaha motorcycle.
Sadly the rider of the motorbike, a 28-year-old man from Hope Valley died at the scene.
The driver of the road train a 65-year-old man was not injured.
The Augusta Highway was closed for several hours while Major Crash Investigators examined the circumstances of the crash, but has since reopened.
The man’s death is the 14th life lost on South Australia road so far this year.
Anyone who may have witnessed the crash or has dashcam footage is asked to contact Crimestoppers on 1800 333 000.
Headline: Thales Alenia Space and NIBE sign a satellite supply contract for NIBE’s Earth observation constellation project
With this first satellite supply contract, NIBE aims to launch its first high-resolution optical satellite by 2025
Cannes, February 6th, 2025 – Thales Alenia Space, the joint venture between Thales (67%) and Leonardo (33%), has signed a contract with NIBE Space (a subsidiary of NIBE Limited) concerning the supply of a high-resolution optical satellite, marking the first step in NIBE’s Earth Observation constellation project. This initial contract aims to establish the first operational Earth observation’s capabilities for NIBE in India by 2025.
This achievement reinforces the partnership initiated in 2024 between Thales Alenia Space and NIBE, for the deployment of India’s first private Earth Observation constellation.
The contract was signed today in Pune during a ceremony graced by the presence of Honorable Chief Minister of Maharashtra Shri Devendra Fadnavis. BlackSky also signed a service agreement for subscription-based imagery and analytics to deliver space-based monitoring services supporting NIBE’s various Indian customers.
“I am extremely pleased that Thales Alenia Space will contribute to developing sovereign Earth Observation capabilities in India,” said Hervé Derrey, CEO of Thales Alenia Space. “Supporting the deployment of India’s first private Earth observation constellation means a lot to our company as this is Thales Alenia Space’s first cooperation on an Indian space program. I would like to thank NIBE for putting its trust in our company. We look forward to making available our long-standing expertise and industrial capabilities in optical and radar sensors and start a promising Space cooperation with India.”
“We are proud to see our partnership with Thales Alenia Space take another concrete step forward with the signing of the contract for a high-resolution optical satellite. This is part of our larger national endeavor, aligned with the Aatmanirbhar Bharat vision, to bolster India’s position as a leader in space technology and applications,” said Ganesh Nibe, Chairman & Managing Director of NIBE Limited. “With Thales Alenia Space’s vast global expertise and experience, we look forward to taking India’s space capabilities to newer heights.”
About NIBE Limited:
Established in 2021 under the leadership of Mr. Ganesh Ramesh Nibe, the company and its subsidiaries specialise in manufacturing a wide spectrum of Critical Components catering to the Defence industry such as fabrication of structures and sub-assemblies for programmes such as Modular Bridge, Rudder blade assembly, Pinaka launcher and MRSAM launcher for tri-services of Indian defence, to components of Electronic systems, Small arms (such as assault rifles and LMGs), and Space projects for domestic as well as international applications.
NIBE Limited along with its subsidiaries is committed towards continuously refining and adapting its approach, positioning itself as a leader in the defence industry. Moreover, in alignment with the vision of Atmanirbhar Bharat, NIBE Limited extends its commitment to fostering self-reliance in the defence sector.
About THALES ALENIA SPACE
Drawing on over 40 years of experience and a unique combination of skills, expertise and cultures, Thales Alenia Space delivers cost-effective solutions for telecommunications, navigation, Earth observation, environmental management, exploration, science and orbital infrastructures. Governments and private industry alike count on Thales Alenia Space to design satellite-based systems that provide anytime, anywhere connections and positioning, monitor our planet, enhance management of its resources, and explore our Solar System and beyond. Thales Alenia Space sees space as a new horizon, helping to build a better, more sustainable life on Earth. A joint venture between Thales (67%) and Leonardo (33%), Thales Alenia Space also teams up with Telespazio to form the parent companies’ Space Alliance, which offers a complete range of services. Thales Alenia Space posted consolidated revenues of approximately €2.2 billion in 2023 and has around 8,600 employees in 8 countries, with 16 sites in Europe.
Galleries and art museums can be intimidating and alienating even for adults. Imagine it from a child’s point of view. Stern security guards in uniforms stationed the doors, bags checked, snacks banned and people hushed. It’s no wonder that kids groan when an excursion to the gallery comes up.
An increasing number of galleries are rethinking their approach, asking what it takes to be welcoming and engaging for the younger generation. Children should be welcomed and visible in gallery spaces. Their experiences now shape the citizens they will become in the future. Viewing art helps develop their identity and creativity, and a more nuanced understanding of the world.
The first step in making change is to recognise that children are current and active cultural citizens who can offer valuable perspectives, ideas and youthful energy. Through thoughtful design and programming, the younger generation is told their presence in the gallery is valued.
Here are some ways galleries are rising to the challenge and making children more welcome – and more valued – in our cultural spaces.
Setting the tone
The entrance to a gallery sets the tone for a young visitor. Are they greeted warmly and made to feel welcome, or does their arrival feel like an intrusion?
Some simple adjustments such as less intimidating bag checks, clear signage, and designated stroller parking create a more welcoming environment. Replacing uniformed security guards with friendly guides and training reception staff to acknowledge and engage with young visitors make a huge difference.
Inciting curiosity and interaction at the front door is another way to invite children into the space. Displaying eye-catching and intriguing sculptural works at the entry or in the foyer builds a sense of anticipation and interest.
The iconic water wall at the National Gallery of Victoria signals to children that there are wonders to touch and explore inside.
Children don’t come alone
Children come to galleries with parents, siblings, schools or community groups. Galleries that consider how these varied age groups move through the space can greatly enhance the overall experience.
Programming designed with the whole family in mind means parents and kids can share cultural experiences. Well designed workshops, interactive exhibits and events appeal to mixed aged groups.
The Art Gallery of New South Wales regularly stages all-ages concerts with popular DJs and live music, building positive associations with the gallery for the whole family.
Incorporating a variety of spaces and experiences extend the duration and frequency of family visits. Some children need low sensory sessions with reduced stimuli to enjoy their visit. Others can use adjacent outdoor spaces and robust sculpture gardens to burn off excess energy, share lunch or even splash in some pink water.
These spaces are designed with kids in mind, engaging the senses and creating participatory ways of experiencing art. The way children encounter the work helps young children learn about the diverse and creative approaches and perspectives of artists in an engaging context.
The interactive experiences and programming mean children can explore their imagination and creativity and form a personal connections with the arts.
What about the older kids? Can they see themselves in the gallery? Teens need to connect, collaborate and to be included in cultural narratives in ways that are relevant to them.
Programs tailored for teens, such as workshops or art-making sessions, move beyond passive observation and encourage self expression and participation.
Installation view of Top Arts 2024 on display at The Ian Potter Centre: NGV Australia from 14 March to 14 July. Photo: Kate Shanasy
Ambitious teen programs, like the out-of-hours teen parties in the National Gallery of Victoria or the youth council at the National Gallery of Australia, empower young people to interact with art and the institution in ways that are meaningful for them.
Exhibiting the best artwork from the year 12 graduating students is another effective way to demonstrate to teens their perspectives and presence matters. Seeing creative work by their age group displayed in a gallery builds confidence and demonstrates to older adults how much the younger generation have to contribute.
Growing lifelong learners
Galleries are unique learning environments, able to engage with and activate the school curriculum and develop essential skills like social and emotional capabilities and creative and critical thinking skills.
New institutions can consider how to meaningfully engage with children in the design phase, but even existing galleries can reconfigure and retrofit their spaces and exhibitions to enable kids to learn.
Neo at the Art Gallery of South Australia, Adelaide. Photo: Sam Roberts
Specifically designed studios, creative technology, classrooms and presentation areas open the doors to cultural exploration. Positive exposure fosters a sense of stewardship ensuring that future generations value and support the arts.
Intentionally designed spaces and programming ensure that children are not only welcomed but inspired to return – again and again – throughout their lives.
The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Kerrie Sadiq, Professor of Taxation, QUT Business School, and ARC Future Fellow, Queensland University of Technology
The authors conclude the evidence for these tax breaks is “mixed at best”. They say that income tax breaks used during the global financial crisis increased investment significantly, however:
[there is] no substantial evidence that other policies, including those implemented during the pandemic, increased investment.
In an election year, further promises of tax breaks for businesses are likely. The Coalition has already announced a tax break for meals and entertainment. But are they a good idea, and at what cost do these promises come?
Small business in Australia
Small businesses with fewer than 20 employees make up 97% of all Australian businesses. More than 92% of Australian businesses have an annual turnover of less than A$2 million. It is these businesses that are doing it tough.
These businesses are offered tax breaks for spending on capital assets such as equipment or vehicles. For the 2023-24 tax year, they can immediately write off the cost of eligible assets up to $20,000. In the May 2024 Budget, the government announced that the tax break would be extended to the 2024-25 tax year.
When a small business is operated as a company, the base tax rate is 25%. This effectively means that the business still contributes 75% of the cost of the asset. This requires businesses to have the cash flow to invest. Even if there is cash flow, businesses may not want to spend on large purchases.
It’s a question of trade-offs
Investment tax breaks are also costly in terms of government tax revenue. Each year, the Treasury estimates the cost of tax breaks. These tax breaks are known as tax expenditures.
For the 2023-34 tax year, the instant write-off tax break for small businesses is estimated to cost more than $4 billion by reducing taxes collected.
Tax expenditures are normally designed to offer incentives to one group of taxpayers. However, they come at the expense of broader groups of taxpayers and at a cost of lost revenue to the government. This is money that could be spent through direct spending programs.
Tax expenditures can be thought of as government spending programs hidden in plain sight.
The current government introduced the latest instant asset write-off to improve cash flow and reduce compliance costs for small business. As the RBA discussion paper notes, these types of incentives are also designed to encourage additional business investment.
However, that study indicates this is not being achieved. They suggest the reasons may be the tax policies themselves or differences in the economic environment. Put simply, businesses may not want to invest.
If the stated benefits are not realised, the result is less tax collected. Take the $4 billion cost above. Without the incentive, the government would have an additional $4 billion to spend. The $4 billion in 2023-24 could have been directed to funding small businesses through a direct spending program.
Targeted programs
The RBA discussion paper highlights the need to determine whether investment tax breaks achieve their intended benefits. Many factors must be considered, and assessing the influence on the economy is vital.
However, evaluating these measures within the tax system means that important questions are not asked. This includes whether the benefits are distributed fairly, whether the program targets the right group of taxpayers, and whether there are unintended distorting effects.
The government’s “Future Made in Australia” contains two examples. Its economic plan to support Australia’s transition to a net zero economy contains two tax incentives, one for hydrogen production and another for critical minerals.
The proposed hydrogen production tax incentive is estimated at a cost to the budget of $6.7 billion over ten years. The measure will provide a $2 incentive per kilogram of renewable hydrogen produced for up to ten years. Eligible companies will get a credit against their income tax liability.
The proposed critical minerals production tax incentive is estimated to cost the budget $7 billion over ten years. Eligible companies will get a refundable tax offset of 10% of certain expenses relating to processing and refining 31 critical minerals listed in Australia.
Support for tax breaks
Tax breaks for businesses, such as the immediate write-off, disproportionately benefit those that spend. Often, this is by design. If this is a government objective, supported by the general population, then it is viewed as a good use of public money.
The same principle applies to tax breaks in the Government’s Future Made in Australia plan. A government objective is to transition to a net zero economy. A stated priority is to attract “investment to make Australia a leader in renewable energy, adding value to our natural resources and strengthening economic activity”.
The question remains as to whether tax breaks are the best way to achieve this. The answer often changes when viewed as a direct spending program.
Kerrie Sadiq currently receives funding from the Australian Research Council. She has previously received research grants from CPA and CAANZ.
Ashesha Weerasinghe does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
The start of the school year means new classes, routines, after-school activities and sometimes even a new school.
This can be a really exciting time for kids, but these changes can also disrupt existing friendships. Students might feel stressed about not having certain friends with them in class or confused about why old friends are behaving differently.
How can you coach your child through changing friendship dynamics?
When children tell you about a conflict or problem, simply start by listening actively. This means reflecting back in your own words what your child said, including feelings. For example,
So it sounds like you are feeling upset Shelley wants to hang out with kids in her new class?
It’s also helpful to empathise with your child about how they feel:
I think I would feel sad too if that happened to me.
This helps your child feel like someone else understands them – and they are not dealing with this on their own.
For older children and teenagers, you may want to check if the child wants your help to work out how to solve the problem. Sometimes listening is all that is needed.
Working out what to do next
If needed, parents can then coach children how to manage any concerns. They can start by helping a child understand why another child may have acted as they did.
For example, if the parent says “Why do you think Shelley said this?”, perhaps the child might respond that “Shelley doesn’t like me anymore”. The parent could offer an alternative explanation – perhaps Shelley is worried about making friends in her new class.
The parent could ask the child what they want – in the above example, the child may want to still be friends with Shelley. The parent can then prompt the child to think of a range of ways to improve the situation, weigh up what might work best and encourage the child to give this a go. Often children can think of solutions themselves, if asked
What could you do to improve things? What else could you do?.
In our example, this might include organising a play with Shelley on the weekend. Alternatively, the child might plan to check in again with Shelley after a few days.
This type of coaching is helpful as it supports the child thinking through the problem and coming up with their own solution, which they are more likely to put in place than if simply told what to do.
We hear a lot about “BFFs”. However, it is not unusual for friendship groups to change over time, as children mature and develop particular interests.
When children are placed in a new class or school with no close friends, children often cope through what researchers call “transitional friendships”.
For example, it’s common for children to start high school with no firm friends, but still know some peers from primary school. These acquaintances can provide companionship until children form closer friendships.
Parents can help their child in making close friends at high school by supporting them to catch up and connect with new friends out of school.
Similarly, if a child is missing their old friends, a parent can coach their child in finding ways to stay in touch – like texting, a weekend sleepover or joining an out-of-school activity together.
If you still have concerns
If friendship concerns or worries are having an ongoing, negative impact on your child’s mental health, parents should seek further support from a health professional.
You can start with your GP, who may suggest a referral to a psychologist. You may also like to talk to your child’s teacher – they may be able to help your child get to know potential friends through class activities.
If this article has raised issues for you or someone you know, you can call Lifeline on 13 11 14 or Kids Helpline on 1800 55 1800. There is also free access to Australian evidence-based parenting programs such as Triple P.
Karyn Healy has received funding from QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, the Australian Research Council and Australian government Emerging Priorities Program. Karyn is a co-author of the Resilience Triple P parenting program. Resilience Triple P and all Triple P programs are owned by the University of Queensland. The university has licensed Triple P International Pty Ltd to publish and disseminate Triple P programs worldwide. Royalties stemming from published Triple P resources are distributed to the Parenting and Family Support Centre, School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Behavioural Sciences and contributory authors. No author has any share or ownership in Triple P International Pty Ltd.
Like ferns and the tides, community conservation groups come and go. Many achieve their goal. Volunteers restore a local wetland or protect a patch of urban bush and then hang up the gardening gloves with a warm inner glow. Some groups peter out while others endure, tackling the ecological problems facing today’s Australia.
One of those problems is fragmentation. Let’s say you have a national park in one spot and another large tract of habitat ten kilometres away. It’s too hard for many wildlife species to make it across open ground to get there. Over time, this means wild areas can effectively become islands.
This is where habitat corridors come in. Potentially, if you restore habitat between two isolated areas, wildlife can begin to safely move between the two. Over time, these corridors allow seeds, pollen, native birds and animals to disperse across today’s landscapes.
In my work as a restoration ecologist, I’ve come across many of Australia’s community groups devoted to the job. Three of these are LUCI – Lockyer Upland Catchments Inc, which began in 2015, the Big Scrub Rainforest Conservancy, founded in 1993 and TREAT – Trees for the Evelyn and Atherton Tablelands Inc, which began in 1982. Each of these has gone the distance. Here are some reasons why.
Australia’s Wet Tropics are especially threatened by fragmentation. This region is World Heritage listed due to its remarkable biodiversity. Tropical forests have grown here for at least 130 million years. Fragmentation directly threatens this.
In the tropical uplands of the Atherton Tablelands, there are three popular national parks – the Crater Lakes of Eacham and Barrine and the Curtain Fig Tree. But while visitors might see them as pristine, each is an island surrounded by pasture and settlement. Over time, this will take its toll on the species within.
For a volunteer group to reverse the effects of fragmentation, and embark on a long term project such as this, it needs three things.
First the group has leaders committed to a long term cause, usually scientists or naturalists as well as locals with knowledge and drive. Leaders have to be able to work with governments and group members of all persuasions.
Second, the group has to be guided by science. You need current information on local plants, animals and habitats to make sure on-ground work has direct conservation benefits.
And third, networking skills. Harnessing the technical expertise of other groups, government and experts in project planning, execution and monitoring is vital.
Each of these three groups has these traits, even though they take different approaches to the challenge.
LUCI is an alliance of private landholders in Queensland’s Lockyer Valley, west of Brisbane, who work to protect remnant vegetation and expand habitat. Their work on threatened species monitoring, protection of remnant vegetation on private land and community engagement reflects their emphasis on education.
Before European settlement, lowland subtropical rainforest covered 75,000 hectares of land in what is now Byron Bay’s hinterland. But 99% was cut down. In response, Big Scrub members have replanted around 600 hectares – doubling the size of what was left – and established an innovative genetics program to assist in maintaining and enhancing the gene pool of trees planted.
Only a tiny fraction of the Big Scrub is still intact, at reserves such as the Andrew Johnston Big Scrub reserve. Farmland and acreage surrounds it. Peter Woodard/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY
TREAT is based on the Atherton Tablelands in far north Queensland. This region has long been prized for agriculture, which comes at a cost to habitat. In response, TREAT has worked to reconnect isolated tracts of rainforest. The group collaborates with Queensland Parks and Wildlife to grow many thousands of native rainforest tree seedlings for planting each year.
TREAT grows tens of thousands of seedlings annually, alongside Queensland Parks and Wildlife. Pictured: Hicksbeachia seedlings. TREAT
All three groups recognise the importance of countering habitat fragmentation. This slicing and dicing forests into smaller and isolated patches severely threatens Australia’s biodiversity.
Wildlife corridors are deceptively simple in theory. But as I know from long experience restoring habitat, it’s harder than it seems.
Does it work?
Planting corridors sounds like a sure thing. But success is not guaranteed. For one thing, it takes work and time. You need baseline surveys, expert analysis of data and monitoring, ideally over decades. Given these challenges, it’s unsurprising that wildlife corridor restoration is little-studied.
In the 1990s, TREAT volunteers planted 17,000 trees to reconnect a 498 hectare fragment around Lake Barrine to the 80,000ha Wooroonooran National Park 1.2 kilometres away. This corridor is now more than 20 years old. It’s known as the Donaghy’s Corridor Nature Refuge, after the Donaghy family who donated the land for corridor restoration.
My research has found this corridor is proving successful, using good data collected before, during and after establishment. Ground mammals are moving along the corridor, and breeding has taken place. We could see this in the exchange of genes between two previously separated populations of the native bush rat (Rattus fuscipes).
More recent studies have shown the corridor has been colonised by many species, ranging from threatened and endemic plants to birds, ground mammals, reptiles, amphibians and microbats. While promising, this is just one corridor. Much more data would be needed to prove this approach is broadly effective.
As habitat fragmentation continues and the effects of climate change ramp up, more and more species will need to move. The work of volunteer groups such as LUCI, Big Scrub and TREAT in reconnecting scattered pieces of habitat is only going to get more important.
Nigel Tucker has received funding from the Queensland government’s Nature Refuge Landholder Grants program. He is a Life Member of TREAT.
Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Heather Douglas, Professor of Law and Deputy Director of the Centre of Excellence for the Elimination of Violence Against Women (CEVAW), The University of Melbourne
Around 50% of Australian young people have engaged in choking, or strangulation, during sex. This practice involves one person putting pressure on the neck of another, restricting breathing or blood flow (or both).
There’s no evidence there is any safe way to undertake strangulation. Notably, strangulation can cause injury without leaving any marks and sometimes negative consequences don’t develop until well after the choking episode.
In a new study, we’ve found part of the reason why strangulation during sex is so common may be because many people mistakenly believe that, while risky, it can be made safe through moderating pressure and appropriate communication.
But stopping blood flow to the brain can take less pressure than opening a can of soft drink. And research shows strangulation can result in serious harms even when it’s consensual.
Surveying young Australians
In 2023, we surveyed a representative sample of 4,702 Australians aged between 18 and 35 about their experiences and opinions of strangulation during sex.
In 2024, we published a study about the prevalence of sexual strangulation based on the results of this survey. We found 57% of participants reported they had been strangled during sex, and 51% had strangled a partner.
At the end of the survey, we asked respondents:
What are your thoughts or insights regarding choking during sex?
For this new study, we wanted to understand perceptions around sexual strangulation. More than 1,500 participants commented on issues related to safety in their responses, and we analysed these.
We surveyed young people in Australia about sexual strangulation. ImYanis/Shutterstock
Many mistakenly believed choking could be safe
It was concerning to us that many of the respondents seemed to believe sexual strangulation can be done safely. Most commonly, participants perceived it to be safe when done with a low level of pressure applied to the sides of the neck.
One participant, a 31-year-old straight man, said:
My partner likes a firm hand on the throat but more so not choking off the windpipe, but lightly restricting the blood flow when she can feel an orgasm building up.
A 24-year-old straight woman commented:
I think there should be a conversation before hand about how hard and how much pressure.
Some respondents suggested it was safe to hinder blood flow, rather than oxygen flow. However, restricting blood flow to the brain can also have serious health implications.
While not all pressure on the neck will be fatal, research shows even relatively low pressure can cause death by strangulation.
Also, if the person using strangulation or being strangled has used alcohol and other drugs, differences in pressure may be more difficult to discern, increasing the risks for the person being strangled.
Participants also linked safety – whether emotional or physical – to consenting to sexual strangulation. As a 32-year-old straight woman wrote:
If between two consensual adults who have discussed it prior with a safety plan in place then I do not see any harm in the act however I have been subjected to non consensual choking in a previous sexual encounter which left me angry and scared.
A 23-year-old bisexual woman said:
As long as both parties agree to it and the amount of pressure, it can be an enjoyable experience. Consent must be given.
In general, consent was seen as an ongoing process, where it could be withdrawn at any point. A 32-year-old straight man said:
Should be strictly base on consensus, be aware of your partner body language and breathing and ask them whether they want to continue the activity or not if they say no respect it and back off.
However, research has found a person being strangled may not be able to withdraw their consent using gestures or words, despite wanting to.
Several participants did comment on the limitations of consent as a harm-reduction mechanism, acknowledging that even where it was consensual, strangulation during sex could cause damage.
Worryingly, several respondents expressed concern that consent was often overlooked, intentionally or accidentally. A 35-year-old straight woman said:
The amount of men who just initiate it without asking the woman is scary and they feel entitled to do so.
Some respondents – usually women, but not always – identified pressure to engage in strangulation (both to be strangled and to strangle their partner). A 24-year-old straight man said:
I get scared to do it but my partner kinda makes me feel like i have to sometimes.
A need for better education
Studies from other countries such as the United States have also shown a misunderstanding of the potential dangers of sexual strangulation, and a false perception that it can be safe if undertaken with the “proper precautions”.
Previous research has shown young people commonly learn about sexual strangulation through online pornography, social media and each other. Information from these sources is often misleading.
While consent is a crucial part of any sexual activity, it doesn’t make strangulation safe. Neither does relying on regulating the pressure applied.
It was positive to see many respondents in our survey identified a desire for more information about sexual strangulation. Accurate information about the risks associated with sexual strangulation should be easily available both online and through public health campaigns.
Heather Douglas receives funding from the Australian Research Council.
Leah Sharman receives funding from the Australian Research Council.
Jordan Mailata is an Australian-born NFL star who plays for the Philadelphia Eagles as an offensive left tackle. This position favours very tall, heavy and strong athletes who also possess good footwork, agility and tactical awareness.
His main job is to protect his quarterback and provide gaps for his running backs to run through.
Mailata is one of four Australians to play in a Super Bowl, with the others being punters (kickers) Ben Graham, Arryn Siposs and Mitch Wishnowsky.
Unfortunately, no Australian has won the game that matters most every year but Mailata has a chance in his second Super Bowl, against the Kansas City Chiefs on Monday morning.
So, how did Mailata reach the pinnacle of his “new” sport?
Mailata’s initial sporting success came in rugby league.
He played in the Canterbury Bankstown Bulldogs under-18 team and was offered a contract by the South Sydney Rabbitohs under-20 team. Both of these clubs are part of the elite National Rugby League (NRL) competition.
Mailata, who still hadn’t reached his 21st birthday when offered the Rabbitohs contract, stood out as a giant even in professional rugby league circles at 203cm and 147 kilograms.
Ultimately, this resulted in some of the South Sydney staff and sport agents suggesting American football might be a better option for someone of his stature and physical capacities.
Tranasferring his talent
This brings us to what is known as “talent transfer”.
In high-performance sport, talent transfer refers to a high-level athlete from one sport transferring to another based on their existing skills and physical capacities.
This can be done for a number of reasons, like injury, burnout, loss of interest, or, in the case of Mailata, finding another sport that would suit their physicality better.
For talent transfer to be successful, there needs to be a lot of similarities between the two sports in areas such as skill requirements (kicking, passing, tackling), physical traits (height, mass) and physiological demands (aerobic vs anaerobic).
These similarities can allow athletes to capitalise on their previous training to succeed in their new sport faster and to a higher level than their competitors.
The similarities between American football and rugby (league and union) – such as catching and kicking an oval-shaped ball, evading or running through defenders and full-body tackling – would have benefited a mature athlete like Mailata to transfer from one code to another.
A whole new ball game
His transition from a monster-sized rugby league player in Australia to a more regular-sized offensive tackle in the NFL was initially facilitated through the NFL International Player Pathway (IPP) program.
The IPP was established in 2017 to provide high performance adult athletes from all over the world (like Mailata) the opportunity to learn the complexities of American football and increase the number of international players in the NFL.
The program has been highly successful, with 37 international players signing with NFL teams, of which 18 are currently on NFL rosters.
When Mailata was drafted to the NFL in 2018, he had to work on many aspects of his body to meet the physical challenges of playing in the NFL against other exceptionally massive and strong athletes.
He also had to learn a range of sport-specific technical and tactical skills.
As a part of the IPP, he started working with coaches including Jeff Stoutland, the Philadelphia Eagles offensive line coach.
Stoutland took Mailata into the classroom, teaching him the intricacies of offensive line play including protection and run schemes. These lessons extended into what footwork patterns he would need to master, where and how to position his body when initiating contact and how to use his hands to control the defensive line.
Such skills are the bread and butter of the offensive line – these athletes provide the quarterback time to make key passing decisions and increase the chance of their running backs making big yards on their carries.
Mailata has also mentioned how Strickland taught him the importance of critically watching NFL games, initially to learn the technicalities of the sport and now to further refine his performance against the best defensive lines.
The next wave
In addition to the IPP that looks at talent transfer from adult athletes, the NFL has developed the NFL Academy for school-aged children.
The first academy was based at Loughborough University in the United Kingdom and the second was developed at A.B. Patterson College on the Gold Coast.
These academies combine full-time education with intensive American football training in the hope of promoting pathway opportunities at US colleges.
Hopefully, these academies will see more young Australians transferring their skills and following Mailata into the NFL.
The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
A humpback whale mother and calf on the New Caledonian breeding grounds.
Mark Quintin
All known human languages display a surprising pattern: the most frequent word in a language is twice as frequent as the second most frequent, three times as frequent as the third, and so on. This is known as Zipf’s law.
Researchers have hunted for evidence of this pattern in communication among other species, but until now no other examples have been found.
In new research published today in Science, our team of experts in whale song, linguistics and developmental psychology analysed eight years’ of song recordings from humpback whales in New Caledonia. Led by Inbal Arnon from the Hebrew University, Ellen Garland from the University of St Andrews, and Simon Kirby from the University of Edinburgh, We used techniques inspired by the way human infants learn language to analyse humpback whale song.
We discovered that the same Zipfian pattern universally found across human languages also occurs in whale song. This complex signalling system, like human language, is culturally learned by each individual from others.
Learning like an infant
When infant humans are learning, they have to somehow discover where words start and end. Speech is continuous and does not come with gaps between words that they can use. So how do they break into language?
Thirty years of research has revealed that they do this by listening for sounds that are surprising in context: sounds within words are relatively predictable, but between words are relatively unpredictable. We analysed the whale song data using the same procedure.
A breaching humpback whale in New Caledonia. Operation Cetaces
Unexpectedly, using this technique revealed in whale song the same statistical properties that are found in all languages. It turns out both human language and whale song have statistically coherent parts.
In other words, they both contain recurring parts where the transitions between elements are more predictable within the part. Moreover, these recurring sub-sequences we detected follow the Zipfian frequency distribution found across all human languages, and not found before in other species.
Whale song recording (2017) Operation Cetaces916 KB(download)
Close analysis of whale song revealed statistical structures similar to those found in human language. Operation Cetaces
How do the same statistical properties arise in two evolutionarily distant species that differ from one another in so many ways? We suggest we found these similarities because humans and whales share a learning mechanism: culture.
A cultural origin
Our findings raise an exciting question: why would such different systems in such incredibly distant species have common structures? We suggest the reason behind this is that both are culturally learned.
Cultural evolution inevitably leads to the emergence of properties that make learning easier. If a system is hard to learn, it will not survive to the next generation of learners.
There is growing evidence from experiments with humans that having statistically coherent parts, and having them follow a Zipfian distribution, makes learning easier. This suggests that learning and transmission play an important role in how these properties emerged in both human language and whale song.
So can we talk to whales now?
Finding parallel structures between whale song and human language may also lead to another question: can we talk to whales now? The short answer is no, not at all.
Our study does not examine the meaning behind whale song sequences. We have no idea what these segments might mean to the whales, if they mean anything at all.
A competitive pod of humpback whales on the New Caledonian breeding grounds. Operation Cetaces
It might help to think about it like instrumental music, as music also contains similar structures. A melody can be learned, repeated, and spread – but that doesn’t give meaning to the musical notes in the same way that individual words have meaning.
Next up: birdsong
Our work also makes a bold prediction: we should find this Zipfian distribution wherever complex communication is transmitted culturally. Humans and whales are not the only species that do this.
We find what is known as “vocal production learning” in an unusual range of species across the animal kingdom. Song birds in particular may provide the best place to look as many bird species culturally learn their songs, and unlike in whales, we know a lot about precisely how birds learn song.
Equally, we expect not to find these statistical properties in the communication of species that don’t transmit complex communication by learning. This will help to reveal whether cultural evolution is the common driver of these properties between humans and whales.
Ellen Garland received funding from the following grants for this work:
Royal Society University Research Fellowship (UF160081 and
URFR221020), Royal Society Research Fellows Enhancement
Award (RGFEA180213), Royal Society Research Grants for
Research Fellows 2018 (RGFR1181014), National Geographic
Grant (NGS-50654R-18), Carnegie Trust Research Incentive Grant
(RIG007772), British Ecological Society Small Research Grant
(SR18/1288), and School of Biology Research Committee funding.
Inbal Arnon, Jenny Allen, and Simon Kirby do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
Fiscal Prudence and Frugality Must Never Compromise Operational Efficiency, Says Vice-President Being in Service of Bharat, Home to One-Sixth of Humanity, Is a Blessing, Says VP
Never Create Hurdles in Pension Disbursement; Have Absolute Empathy for Veterans, Says VP
Lawful Route of Integrity Is the Safest Route, Says VP
Security Is Best Assured From a Position of Strength, and Strength Is Secured By Preparation, Highlights VP
Vice President Addresses Indian Defence Accounts Service (IDAS) Probationers of 2022 and 2023 Batches
Posted On: 06 FEB 2025 8:53PM by PIB Delhi
The Vice-President of India, Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar today addressed the Indian Defence Accounts Service (IDAS) probationers of the 2022 and 2023 batches in New Delhi, saying, ““I strongly advocate that there must be meticulous, scrupulous adherence to fiscal prudence, frugality but this should not come at the cost or compromising efficiency and efficiency lies in the fiscal utilisation of resources. Financial integrity is absolute essence; it is your nectar. Financial integrity once compromised you lose it forever; you can never repair and therefore, develop a mechanism in life of happiness and satisfaction that do not measure yourself comparing those who are in private sector. You are an ancient guardian of economic discipline.”
Shri Jagdeep Dhankhar further said, “Being in service of Bharat, home to one-sixth of humanity, is a blessing. You may have, on account of your credentials, the occasion to serve in several other areas, and maybe perhaps with larger fiscal gain, but you shall never have the satisfaction that you will have now. Satisfaction to live up to our civilizational ethos of service, satisfaction to nurture our nationalism, satisfaction to serve our motherland, and satisfaction to serve in conditions that is envy of everyone.”
Being in the service of Bharat, home to one-sixth of humanity, is a blessing.
You may, on account of your credentials, have the opportunity to serve in several other areas—perhaps with greater fiscal gain—but you will never experience the same satisfaction that you do now.
Addressing the need for respect and care for veterans, Shri Dhankhar stated, “For example, it is historical fact established, the morale of the armed forces is determined by the care we have for our veterans. If veterans are in good morale, those who serve on the frontiers or otherwise look up. And you have a deep connect with the veterans, pensioners. You will have to have absolute empathy for pensioners. Never ever create a problem in disbursement of the pension. I am so happy and delighted and I came to know about it that technological upgradation has resulted in seamless delivery with expedition. But still, there will be issues and issues are bound to be there. We will never have a system where there will be no issues interdepartmental or with pensioners. Have empathy.”
It is an established fact that the morale of the armed forces is determined by the care we have for our veterans.
You have a deep connect with the #veterans, the pensioners. They are not the people who are retired. They will never tire of serving the nation.
He further urged officials to treat pensioners with respect and devotion, remarking, “Act with them with a sense of devotion. All of them are like parents for you, senior citizens, our veterans. Hand-holding them, if they physically interface with you, will go a long way. Not only they will bless you, by word of mouth, a message will permeate all throughout. They are not the people who are retired. They are pensioners. They will never be tired of serving the nation in whatever form they are. This blessed, distinguished, premium category of human resource you will be interacting with.”
Speaking on financial discipline, the Vice-President cautioned against shortcuts and urged adherence to integrity. “There will always be challenges, but I can assure you lawful route of integrity is the safest route. Shortcuts are very tempting; sometimes, they are too tempting to be resisted but when challenges come, a shortcut, rather than being the shortest distance between two points, turns out to be the longest, intractable with headwinds and air pockets. Sometimes, negotiating is never-ending.”
Reflecting on the global security scenario, the Vice-President stressed that preparedness is paramount, given the challenges in the region and ongoing global conflicts. “Given the security clime in our neighborhood, given the challenges we have, and given the challenges that we are living in times where conflagration in any part of the globe—Ukraine-Russia, Israel-Hamas—we were impeccable, and therefore, the level of preparation now has become much beyond what you may be having in your mind. The good thing is that our nation is getting prepared.”
He further emphasized the importance of security from a position of strength, stating, “Security of any nation is fundamental. It is said security is best assured from a position of strength. And position of strength is secured by level of preparation. And preparation these days, you have to be ahead of times. You have to think of next-gen equipment in every field. And now the situation is so dramatically changed that conventional warfare has taken back seat.”
Highlighting the responsibilities of public servants, the Vice-President urged them to put the nation first. “While I would say always keep the nation first, have unwavering commitment to the nation, but this cannot be just an idea. While it is your ordainment by virtue of being public servants to ensure fiscal discipline, enabling operational efficiency, you also have to look around what as individuals you can do.”
The Vice-President also stressed the need for strengthening family ties, promoting indigenous knowledge, and fostering inclusivity. “One, strengthening of family ties, family values. Be connected with family. Make it a priority. Believe in environmental awareness and sustainable living. As individuals, you can contribute for it. Embrace indigenous knowledge, economic self-alliance. Be Vocal for Local. I’ll tell you, avoidable imports in this country are a huge drain on finance, to the extent of billions of dollars. And these avoidable imports are in the shape of shoes, socks, trousers, coat, shirts, carpets, furniture, toys, candles, what not. Second aspect is that when we engage into use of avoidable foreign items imported in the country, we are depriving our people of work. This small gesture you can do.”
We must focus on fostering unity and inclusivity amidst great diversity.
For 5,000 years we have had inclusivity, but the challenge to inclusivity was extreme.
Invaders came; they ravaged our culture and our religious places, but we stood our ground.
He concluded by emphasizing national unity and resilience, saying, “Foster unity and inclusivity amidst mass diversity. For 5,000 years we have had inclusivity, but the challenge to inclusivity was extreme. Murderers came, invaders came. They ravaged our culture, our religious places. We stood our ground. But time has come now to keep nation’s interest always first, fostering unity, fostering brotherhood.”
Shri Rajesh Kumar Singh, IAS, Defence Secretary, Smt. Devika Raghuvanshi, IDAS, Controller General of Defence Accounts (CGDA), Dr. Vandana Kumar, Additional Secretary, Rajya Sabha Secretariat and other dignitaries were also present on the occasion.
Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi’s reply to the Motion of Thanks on the President’s Address in Rajya Sabha Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas is our collective responsibility: PM
The people of the country have understood, tested and supported our model of development: PM
Santushtikaran over Tushtikaran, After 2014, the country has seen a new model and this model is not of appeasement but of satisfaction: PM
The mantra of our governance is – Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas: PM
India’s progress is powered by Nari Shakti: PM
We are Prioritising the welfare of the poor and marginalised: PM
We are Empowering the tribal communities with PM-JANMAN: PM
25 crore people of the country have moved out of poverty and become part of the neo middle class, Today, their aspirations are the strongest foundation for the nation’s progress: PM
The middle class is confident and determined to drive India’s journey towards development: PM
We have focused on strengthening infrastructure across the country: PM
Today, the world recognises India’s economic potential: PM
Posted On: 06 FEB 2025 8:41PM by PIB Delhi
The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi replied to the Motion of Thanks on the President’s Address to Parliament in the Rajya Sabha today. Addressing the House, the Prime Minister remarked that the President’s address covered India’s achievements, global expectations from India, and the confidence of the common man in building a developed India. He remarked that the President’s speech was inspiring, impactful, and provided guidance for future work. He expressed his gratitude to the President for the address.
Shri Modi said that over 70 honorable MPs have enriched the motion of thanks with their valuable thoughts. He noted that discussions took place from both sides, with everyone explaining the President’s address based on their understanding. The Prime Minister mentioned that a lot has been said about Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, and he found it difficult to understand the complexities involved. He emphasized that Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas is our collective responsibility, and that’s why the country has given them the opportunity to serve.
Thanking the people of India for giving them the opportunity to serve them continuously since 2014, Shri Modi said this was a testimony to our model of development which has been tested, understood and supported by the people. He added the phrase ‘Nation First’ signified their model of development and this was exemplified in the policies, schemes and actions of the Government. Noting that there was a need of alternate model of governance and administration after a long hiatus of 5 – 6 decades after independence, Shri Modi said that country has received an opportunity to witness a new model of development, since 2014, based on satisfaction (Santushtikaran) over appeasement (Tushtikaran).
“It has been our earnest effort to ensure optimum utilization of the resources in India”, said the Prime Minister. He added that to ensure that the time of India was also not wasted but utilized for the development of the nation and the welfare of the people. Therefore, he added, “We have adopted the Saturation Approach”. He remarked that the motive behind the approach was to ensure 100% benefits to the true beneficiaries of the scheme. Highlighting that the true spirit of “Sabka Saath, Sabka Vishwas” has been implemented on the ground in the past decade, Shri Modi said that it is now evident as the efforts have led to the fruition in the form of development and progress. “Sabka Saath, Sabka Vishwas is the main mantra of our Governance”, he added. The Prime Minister emphasized that the Government had shown its commitment by strengthening the SC, ST Act which would empower the poor and the tribals by enhancing their respect and security.
Lamenting that there is a lot of effort being made in today’s time to spread the poison of casteism, the Prime Minister reminded that for the past three decades, OBC MPs from various parties of both houses have been demanding constitutional status for the OBC Commission. He added that it was their Government that granted constitutional status to the OBC Commission. He highlighted that the respect and honour of the Backward Classes was also important for their Government as they worship 140 crore Indians.
Remarking that whenever the topic of reservation has arisen in the country, efforts to solve the problem in a robust manner have not been undertaken, Shri Modi highlighted that in every instance, methods to divide the country, create tension, and foster enmity against each other were adopted. He emphasized that similar approaches were used even after the country attained independence. The Prime Minister highlighted that for the first time, his government presented a model inspired by the mantra of Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, providing nearly 10% reservation for the economically weaker sections without any tension or deprivation. He stated that this decision was welcomed by the SC, ST, and OBC communities, with no one expressing any discomfort. The Prime Minister noted that the implementation method, based on the principle of Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, was carried out in a healthy and peaceful manner, leading to nationwide acceptance of the decision.
Highlighting that Divyangs or specially-abled individuals in the country have not received the attention they deserve, the Prime Minister highlighted that under the mantra of Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas, his Government has extended reservation for the differently-abled and worked in mission mode to provide facilities for them. He mentioned that numerous welfare schemes have been created and implemented for the benefit of specially-abled individuals. Furthermore, Shri Modi emphasized the efforts made for the legal rights of the transgender community, highlighting the commitment to ensuring their rights through robust legal measures. He remarked that the Government’s approach to Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas is demonstrated through their compassionate consideration towards marginalized sections of society.
“India’s progress is powered by Nari Shakti”, exclaimed Shri Modi. He highlighted that if women are given opportunities and become part of policy-making, it can accelerate the country’s progress. He remarked that this is why the Government’s first decision in the new Parliament was dedicated to the honor of Nari Shakti. Shri Modi pointed out that the new Parliament will be remembered not just for its appearance but for its first decision, which was a tribute to the Nari Shakti. He stated that the new Parliament could have been inaugurated differently for the sake of praise, but instead, it was dedicated to the honor of women. He highlighted that the Parliament has commenced its work with the blessings of Nari Shakti.
Remarking that Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar was never considered worthy of the Bharat Ratna by the previous Governments, Shri Modi highlighted that despite this, the people of the country have always respected Dr. Ambedkar’s spirit and ideals. He emphasized that due to this respect from all sections of society, everyone from all parties are now compelled to say “Jai Bhim,” albeit reluctantly.
Shri Modi said that Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar deeply understood the fundamental challenges faced by the SC and ST communities, having personally experienced the pain and suffering. He highlighted that Dr. Ambedkar presented a clear roadmap for the economic upliftment of these communities. Reading a quote from Dr. Ambedkar, stating that “While India is an agrarian country, agriculture cannot be the main livelihood for Dalits”, the Prime Minister noted that Dr. Ambedkar identified two reasons: first, the inability to purchase land, and second, even with money, there were no opportunities to buy land. He emphasized that Dr. Ambedkar advocated for industrialization as a solution to this injustice faced by Dalits, tribals, and marginalized groups. He highlighted that Dr. Ambedkar believed in promoting skill-based jobs and entrepreneurship for economic self-reliance. He mentioned that the vision of Dr. Ambedkar was not considered and completely dismissed for many decades after independence. He emphasized that Dr. Ambedkar aimed to eliminate the economic hardships of the SC and ST communities.
Pointing out that in 2014, his Government prioritized skill development, financial inclusion, and industrial growth, the Prime Minister highlighted the introduction of the PM Vishwakarma Yojana, aimed at traditional artisans and craftsmen like blacksmiths and potters, who are essential to society’s foundation and scattered across villages. He emphasized that for the first time, there was concern for this section of society, providing them with training, technological upgrades, new tools, design assistance, financial support, and market access. He remarked that his government launched a special campaign to focus on this neglected group, acknowledging their significant role in shaping society.
“Our Government introduced the MUDRA scheme to invite and encourage first-time entrepreneurs”, said Shri Modi and highlighted the large-scale campaign of providing loans without guarantees to help a significant section of society achieve their dreams of Atmanirbharta (self-reliance), which has seen great success. He also mentioned the Stand Up India scheme, aimed at providing loans of up to ₹1 (one) crore without guarantees to SC, ST, and women from any community, to support their enterprises. He noted that this year, the budget for this scheme has been doubled. The Prime Minister observed that millions of young people from marginalized communities and many women have started their businesses under the MUDRA scheme, not only securing employment for themselves but also creating jobs for others. He highlighted the empowerment of every artisan and every community, fulfilling Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar’s dream through the MUDRA scheme.
Emphasising his commitment to the welfare of the poor and marginalized, stating that those who were ignored are now being prioritized, Shri Modi highlighted that the current budget has touched upon various small sectors such as the leather and footwear industries, benefiting the poor and marginalized communities. Citing an example, the Prime Minister mentioned the toy industry, noting that many people from marginalized communities are involved in toy making. The Government has focused on this sector, providing various forms of assistance to poor families. The result is a significant increase in toy exports, which have tripled, benefiting the underprivileged communities that rely on this industry for their livelihood.
Highlighting the significant contribution of the fishing community in India, the Prime Minister remarked that the Government has established a separate ministry for fishermen and extended the benefits of the Kisan Credit Card to them. He noted that around ₹40,000 crore have been included in the fisheries sector. He emphasized that these efforts have doubled fish production and exports, directly benefiting the fishing community. The Prime Minister reiterated the Government’s priority to work for the welfare of the most neglected sections of society.
Remarking that there are new efforts to spread the poison of casteism, which affects our tribal communities in various levels, the Prime Minister highlighted that some groups have very small populations, spread across 200-300 places in the country, and are highly neglected. He expressed gratitude for the guidance from the President, who has close knowledge of these communities. Shri Modi noted that special efforts have been made to include these particularly vulnerable tribal groups in specific schemes. He mentioned the introduction of the PM Janman Yojana, with an allocation of ₹24,000 crore, to provide facilities and welfare measures for these communities. The goal is to elevate them to the level of other tribal communities and eventually bring them on par with the entire society.
“Our Government has also focused on different regions of the country that face significant backwardness, such as border villages”, said Shri Modi. He highlighted the psychological shift brought about by the Government, ensuring that border villagers are prioritized. He emphasized that these villages, where the first and last rays of the sun touch, have been given special status as “first villages” with specific development plans. The Prime Minister noted that ministers were sent to remote villages to stay for 24 hours, even in extreme conditions like minus 15 degrees, to understand and address the villagers’ problems. He mentioned that village leaders from these border areas are invited as guests on national celebrations like Independence Day and Republic Day. He stressed on the Government’s commitment to Sabka Saath, Sabka Vikas and the ongoing efforts to reach every neglected community. Shri Modi highlighted the importance and utility of the Vibrant Villages program for the nation’s security, emphasizing the government’s continued focus on it.
The Prime Minister noted that the President in her address, on the occasion of 75 years of the Republic, urged everyone to take inspiration from the constitution makers. He expressed satisfaction that the Government is moving forward with respect and inspiration from the sentiments of the constitution makers. Addressing the topic of the Uniform Civil Code (UCC), Shri Modi remarked that those who read the debates of the Constituent Assembly would understand the efforts to bring forth those sentiments. He acknowledged that some might have political objections, but the Government is committed to fulfilling this vision with courage and dedication.
Emphasizing the importance of respecting the constitution makers and drawing inspiration from their words, the Prime Minister expressed regret that the sentiments of the constitution makers were disregarded immediately after independence. He highlighted that an interim arrangement, which was not an elected government, made amendments to the constitution without waiting for an elected Government to do so. He remarked that the freedom of speech was curbed and restrictions were imposed on the press while claiming to uphold democracy, by the then Government. He stated that this was a complete disregard for the spirit of the constitution.
Shri Modi highlighted that during the tenure of the first government of independent India, led by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru, there were instances of suppression of freedom of speech. He mentioned that during a workers’ strike in Mumbai, renowned poet Shri Majrooh Sultanpuri sang a poem criticizing the Commonwealth, which led to his imprisonment. He also pointed out that famous actor Shri Balraj Sahni was jailed merely for participating in a protest march. He further highlighted that Lata Mangeshkar’s brother, Shri Hridaynath Mangeshkar, faced repercussions for planning to present a poem by Veer Savarkar on All India Radio. He remarked that merely for this reason, Hridaynath Mangeshkar was permanently dismissed from All India Radio.
Touching upon the experiences in the country during the period of Emergency, during which the constitution was crushed and its spirit trampled upon for the sake of power, Shri Modi emphasized that the nation remembers this. He highlighted that during the Emergency, the renowned senior actor Shri Dev Anand was requested to publicly support the Emergency. Shri Dev Anand showed courage and refused to support it, leading to a ban on all his films on Doordarshan. The Prime Minister criticized those who talk about the constitution but have kept it in their pockets for years, showing no respect for it. He highlighted that Shri Kishore Kumar refused to sing for the then ruling party and as a consequence, all of his songs were banned on All India Radio.
Remarking that he cannot forget the days of the Emergency, the Prime Minister emphasized that those who talk about democracy and human dignity are the same people who, during the Emergency, handcuffed and chained great personalities of the country, including Shri George Fernandes. He highlighted that even members of Parliament and national leaders were bound in chains and handcuffs during this period. He stated that the word “constitution” does not suit them.
Shri Modi remarked that, for the sake of power and the arrogance of a royal family, millions of families in the country were devastated, and the nation was turned into a prison. He emphasized that a long struggle ensued, forcing those who considered themselves invincible to bow down to the people’s strength. The Prime Minister noted that the Emergency was lifted due to the democratic spirit embedded in the veins of the Indian people. Remarking that he holds senior leaders in high regard and respects their long public services, the Prime Minister noted the achievements of leaders like Shri Mallikarjun Kharge and former Prime Minister Shri Deve Gowda.
Highlighting that the empowerment of the poor and their upliftment has never been as extensive as it has been during his Government’s tenure, Shri Modi remarked that the Government has designed schemes aimed at empowering the poor and enabling them to overcome poverty. He expressed his faith in the potential of the country’s poor, stating that given the opportunity, they can overcome any challenge. He emphasized that the poor have demonstrated their capability by taking advantage of these schemes and opportunities. “Through empowerment, 25 crore people have successfully risen out of poverty, which is a matter of pride for the Government”, he added. The Prime Minister noted that those who have emerged from poverty have done so through hard work, trust in the Government, and leveraging the schemes and today, they have formed a neo-middle class in the country.
Emphasising the Government’s strong commitment to the neo-middle class and middle class, the Prime Minister remarked that their aspirations are a driving force for the country’s progress, providing new energy and a solid foundation for national development. He highlighted efforts to enhance the capabilities of the middle class & neo-middle class. He noted that a significant portion of the middle class has been exempted from taxes in the current budget. In 2013, the income tax exemption limit was up to ₹2 lakh, but it has now been increased to ₹12 lakh. The Prime Minister mentioned that individuals over 70 years of age, from any class or community, are benefiting from the Ayushman Bharat scheme, with significant advantages for the elderly in the middle class.
“We have built four crore houses for citizens, with over one crore houses constructed in cities”, said Shri Modi. He remarked that there used to be significant fraud affecting home buyers, making it essential to provide protection. He emphasized that the enactment of the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) (RERA) Act in this Parliament has become a crucial tool in overcoming obstacles to the dream of home ownership for the middle class. The Prime Minister noted that the current budget includes the SWAMIH initiative, which allocates ₹15,000 crore to complete stalled housing projects, where the middle class’s money and facilities were stuck. He highlighted that this initiative aims to fulfill the dreams of the middle class.
Pointing to the startup revolution, which has gained global recognition, the Prime Minister said that these startups are primarily driven by young people from the middle class. He remarked that the world is increasingly attracted to India, especially due to the G20 meetings held in 50-60 locations across the country. He emphasized that this has revealed the vastness of India beyond Delhi, Mumbai, and Bengaluru. He pointed out that the growing global interest in Indian tourism brings numerous business opportunities, greatly benefiting the middle class by providing various income sources.
“The middle class today is filled with confidence, which is unprecedented and greatly strengthens the nation”, said Shri Modi. He expressed his firm belief that the Indian middle class is determined and fully prepared to realize the vision of a developed India, standing strong and moving forward together.
Highlighting that the youth play a crucial role in building a developed India, the Prime Minister emphasized the demographic dividend, noting that students currently in schools and colleges will be the primary beneficiaries of a developed nation. He remarked that as the youth age, the country’s development journey will progress, making them a significant foundation for a developed India. He underscored that, over the past decade, strategic efforts have been made to strengthen the youth base in schools and colleges. He pointed out that for the past 30 years, there was little thought given to 21st-century education, and the previous attitude was to let things continue as they were. Shri Modi highlighted that the new National Education Policy (NEP) was introduced after almost three decades to address these issues. He mentioned that various initiatives under this policy, including the establishment of PM Shri Schools, aim to revolutionize education. He noted that approximately 10,000 to 12,000 PM Shri Schools have already been established, with plans to create more in the future. He also emphasized an important decision regarding the changes in the education policy which now includes provisions for education and examinations to be conducted in the mother tongue. Underlining the lingering colonial mindset regarding language in India, he stressed the injustice faced by children from poor, Dalit, tribal, and marginalized communities due to language barriers. The Prime Minister remarked on the necessity of education in one’s mother tongue, enabling students to pursue careers as doctors and engineers irrespective of their proficiency in English. He emphasized the significant reforms undertaken to ensure that children from all backgrounds can dream of becoming doctors and engineers. Furthermore, the Prime Minister underscored the expansion of Eklavya Model Residential Schools for tribal youth, noting the increase from around 150 schools a decade ago to 470 schools today, with plans to establish over 200 more.
Further elaborating on the education reforms, Shri Modi said major reforms in Sainik Schools, introducing provisions for girls’ admission were undertaken. Emphasizing the importance and capability of these schools, he highlighted that hundreds of girls are currently studying in this patriotic environment, naturally fostering a sense of devotion to the country.
Highlighting the significant role of the National Cadet Corps (NCC) in youth grooming, the Prime Minister remarked that those who have been associated with NCC know that it provides a golden opportunity for comprehensive development and exposure at a crucial age. He emphasized the unprecedented expansion of NCC in recent years, noting that the number of cadets has increased from approximately 14 lakh in 2014 to over 20 lakh today.
Emphasising the enthusiasm and eagerness of the country’s youth to achieve something new, even beyond routine tasks, Shri Modi remarked on the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan, observing that youth groups in many cities continue to advance the cleanliness campaign with their self-motivation. He noted that some young individuals work towards education in slums and various other initiatives. Seeing this, the Prime Minister highlighted the need to provide organized opportunities for the youth, leading to the launch of the “MY Bharat” or Mera Yuva Bharat movement. Today, over 1.5 crore youths have registered and are actively participating in discussions on contemporary issues, raising awareness in society, and pursuing positive actions with their own capabilities, without the need for spoon-feeding, he added.
Touching upon the importance of sports in fostering sportsmanship and how a nation’s spirit flourishes where sports are widespread, the Prime Minister remarked that numerous initiatives have been launched to support sports talent, including unprecedented financial support and infrastructure development. He highlighted the transformative power of the Target Olympic Podium Scheme (TOPS) and the Khelo India initiative on the sports ecosystem. He added that over the past decade, Indian athletes have showcased their prowess in various sports events, with India’s youth, including young women, demonstrating the country’s strength on the global stage.
Prime Minister emphasized the significance of infrastructure in transforming a developing nation into a developed one. He highlighted that both welfare schemes and infrastructure are crucial for a country’s growth, and underscored the need for timely completion of infrastructure projects. He noted that delays lead to wastage of taxpayers’ money and deprive the nation of benefits. Criticising the previous dispensations for its culture of delays and political interference in project execution, Shri Modi mentioned the establishment of the PRAGATI platform, which he personally reviews, for detailed monitoring of infrastructure projects, including real-time videography using drones and live interaction with stakeholders. He stated that projects worth approximately ₹19 lakh Crore were stalled due to coordination issues between the state and central governments or different departments. He highlighted a study by Oxford University that praised PRAGATI and suggested other developing countries could benefit from its experiences. Citing an example from Uttar Pradesh to illustrate past inefficiencies, the Prime Minister mentioned the Saryu Canal Project, approved in 1972, which remained stalled for five decades until it was completed in 2021. Highlighting the completion of the Udhampur-Srinagar-Baramulla railway line in Jammu and Kashmir, the Prime Minister remarked that the project was approved in 1994 but remained stalled for decades. Finally, after three decades, it was completed in 2025, he added. Shri Narendra Modi highlighted the completion of the Haridaspur-Paradip railway line in Odisha. He remarked that the project was approved in 1996 but remained stalled for years which was finally completed in 2019 during the current administration’s tenure. Elaborating further, the Prime Minister highlighted the completion of the Bogibeel Bridge in Assam, approved in 1998 and completed by his Government in 2018. He remarked that he could provide hundreds of examples illustrating the detrimental culture of delays prevalent in the past. He emphasized the need for a change in culture to ensure the timely completion of such vital projects and said that the significant setbacks caused by this culture during the previous dispensation, depriving the nation of its rightful progress. Underscoring the importance of proper planning and timely execution of infrastructure projects, the Prime Minister said to address this, the PM Gati Shakti National Master Plan was introduced. He encouraged states to utilize the PM Gati Shakti platform, which includes 1,600 data layers, to streamline decision-making and accelerate project implementation. The platform has become a vital foundation for expediting infrastructure work in the country, he added.
Emphasising the necessity for today’s youth to understand the hardships their parents faced and the reasons behind the nation’s past condition, the Prime Minister remarked that without proactive decisions and actions over the past decade, the benefits of Digital India would have taken years to materialize. He highlighted that proactive decision-making and actions have enabled India to be timely and, in some cases, ahead of time. He further noted that 5G technology is now more widely available in India at one of the fastest rates globally.
Shri Modi drew attention to past experiences, highlighting that technologies such as computers, mobile phones, and ATMs reached many countries well before India, often taking decades to arrive. He remarked that even in the health sector, vaccines for diseases like smallpox and BCG were available globally while India lagged due to systemic inefficiencies. The Prime Minister attributed these delays to poor governance of the past, where critical knowledge and implementation were tightly controlled, resulting in a “license permit raj” that stifled progress. He emphasized to the youth the oppressive nature of this system, hindering the nation’s development.
Remarking on the early days of computer imports, highlighting that obtaining a license to import computers was a lengthy process that took years, the Prime Minister noted that this requirement significantly delayed the adoption of new technology in India.
Pointing to the bureaucratic challenges of the past, the Prime Minister said that even obtaining cement for house construction required permission and during weddings, even getting sugar for tea required a license. He emphasized that these challenges occurred in post-independence India and pointed that the youth of today can understand the implications, questioning who was responsible for the bribes and where the money went.
Highlighting the bureaucratic hurdles of the past, noting that purchasing a scooter required booking and payment, followed by a wait of 8-10 years, the Prime Minister remarked that even selling a scooter needed government permission. He emphasized the inefficiency in obtaining essential items, such as gas cylinders, which were distributed through coupons to MPs, and the long queues for gas connections. He noted the lengthy process for obtaining a telephone connection, stressing that today’s youth should be aware of these challenges. He remarked that those delivering grand speeches today should reflect on their past governance and its impact on the nation.
“The restrictive policies and license raj that pushed India into one of the slowest economic growth rates globally”, said Shri Modi. He remarked that this weak growth rate came to be known as the “Hindu rate of growth,” which was an insult to a large community. He emphasized that the failure was due to the incompetence, lack of understanding, and corruption of those in power, which led to the mislabeling of an entire society as responsible for the slow growth.
Criticizing the economic mismanagement and flawed policies of the past, which led to blaming and tarnishing an entire society, the Prime Minister remarked that historically, India’s culture and policies did not include restrictive license raj while Indians believed in openness and were among the first to engage in free trade globally. Shri Modi highlighted that Indian merchants traveled to distant lands for trade without any restrictions, which was part of India’s natural culture. He noted that the current global recognition of India’s economic potential and rapid growth brings pride to every Indian. “India is now seen as one of the fastest-growing countries, and the nation’s economy is expanding significantly”, he emphasised.
Underlining that the nation is now breathing easy and soaring high after breaking free from the clutches of restrictive license raj and flawed policies, the Prime Minister remarked on the promotion of the “Make in India” initiative, aimed at boosting manufacturing in the country. He mentioned the introduction of the Production Linked Incentive (PLI) scheme and reforms related to Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). He emphasized that India has become the world’s second-largest mobile phone producer, transitioning from being predominantly an importer to an exporter of mobile phones.
Emphasising India’s achievements in defense manufacturing, noting that defense product exports have increased tenfold over the past decade, the Prime Minister also highlighted the tenfold increase in solar module manufacturing. He stated “India is now the world’s second-largest steel producer” while machinery and electronic exports have seen rapid growth over the past decade. He also noted that toy exports have more than tripled, and agrochemical exports have increased significantly. “During the COVID-19 pandemic, India supplied vaccines and medicines to over 150 countries under the “Made in India” initiative”, said Shri Modi. He highlighted the rapid growth in exports of AYUSH and herbal products as well.
Remarking on the lack of efforts by the previous Government to promote Khadi, stating that even the movement started during the freedom struggle was not advanced, the Prime Minister highlighted that the turnover of Khadi and Village Industries has surpassed ₹1.5 lakh Crore for the first time. He noted that production has quadrupled in the last decade, significantly benefiting the MSME sector and creating numerous employment opportunities across the country.
Underscoring that all elected representatives are servants of the people, Shri Modi remarked that the mission of the country and society is paramount for public representatives, and it is their duty to work with a spirit of service.
Stressing on the collective responsibility of all Indians to embrace the vision of a developed India, the Prime Minister remarked that this is not just the resolve of a government or an individual but the commitment of 140 crore citizens. He warned that those who remain indifferent to this mission will be left behind by the nation. He highlighted the unwavering determination of India’s middle class and youth to propel the country forward.
Underlining the importance of everyone’s role in the nation’s progress as it reaches new heights of development, Shri Modi remarked that opposition in Government is natural and essential in a democracy, as is opposition to policies. However, he warned that extreme negativism and attempts to diminish others instead of enhancing one’s own contributions could hinder the development of India. He stressed the need to free ourselves from such negativity and engage in continuous self-reflection and introspection. He expressed confidence that the discussions in the House would yield valuable insights that will be taken forward. He concluded by acknowledging the continuous inspiration derived from the President’s address and expressed heartfelt gratitude to the President and all honorable Members of Parliament.
25 crore people of the country have moved out of poverty and become part of the neo middle class. Today, their aspirations are the strongest foundation for the nation’s progress. pic.twitter.com/0AIXj8znqC
To be in service of the largest democracy, home to one-sixth of humanity, is divine intervention in your lives.
You are required to handhold rather than generate handicaps. It is very easy to find a lapse, it is very easy to pick up. This procedure requirement has not been thorough, but if your attitude is to see things really at fast track, you must have a solution in mind, and primarily, the solution is immediate hand holding. Things will be amazing.
Let me tell you, being in service of Bharat, home to one-sixth of humanity, is a blessing. You may have on account of your credentials occasion to serve in several other areas, and maybe perhaps with larger fiscal gain, but you shall never have the satisfaction that you will have now. Satisfaction to live up to our civilizational ethos of service, satisfaction to nurture our nationalism, satisfaction to serve our motherland, and satisfaction to serve in conditions that is envy of everyone.
All your life you will be in close contact with nature because defence estates are bountiful, gifted by nature.
Second, you will be living and dealing with a community that is in uniform by and large. You will be dealing with people who are taken to uniform with a resolve to serve the motherland at the cost of making supreme sacrifice. Security of any nation is fundamental. It is said, security is best assured from a position of strength and position of strength is secured by level of preparation and preparation these days, you have to be ahead of times.
You have to think of next-gen equipment in every field and now the situation is so dramatically changed that conventional warfare has taken back seat.
You will have to deal with many strategic challenges generated also by disruptive technologies. Therefore, you will have to keep on learning while your training is well made out, your exposure is remarkable but much of it you will have to self-learn also. Learning never stops but in your service particularly, you have to be always learning because there is paradigm shift when it comes to auditing, budgeting, account handling, effective transparency, accountability.
If you get into a groove and get obsessed, only to find procedural lapses as indicated by the Defence Secretary and do not have a solution in mind. You cannot imagine the kind of damage we make. Of course, it will have cascading impact, a deleterious impact on our preparedness.
You are an ancient guardian of economic discipline. I strongly advocate that there must be meticulous, scrupulous adherence to fiscal prudence, frugality but this should not come at the cost or compromising efficiency and efficiency lies the fiscal utilisation of resources. When resources are allocated and in your case the allocation is indeed 13% to 14% of the budget. If you delay it the Nation suffers.
Given the security clime in our neighborhood, given the challenges we have, and given the challenges that we are living in times where conflagration in any part of the globe, Ukraine-Russia, Israel-Hamas, we were impeccable, and therefore, the level of preparation now has become much beyond what you may be having in your mind.
Good thing is that our nation is getting prepared. It started after a long time with acquisition of Rafale, but now things are on track, backlog is being made up. The Defence Secretary is seat of the matter, so is the CDS and the three Chiefs, but your mindset will be determinative.
While I would say always keep the nation first, have unwavering commitment to the nation, but this cannot be just an idea. You have to fructify that idea day in and day out. If you look around, while it is your ordainment by virtue of being public servants to ensure fiscal discipline, enabling operational efficiency, you also have to look around what as individuals you can do. For example, it is said and it is historical fact established, the morale of the armed forces is determined by the care we have for our veterans. If veterans are in good morale, those who serve on the frontiers or otherwise look up.
You have a deep connect with the veterans, pensioners. There are two connects that you have and I feel very emotively about it because I come from a place called Chittorgarh. I couldn’t get into the uniform on account of my right eye not being well. So, as Rajya Sabha Chairman, I mostly look to the government on the right side, but my heart is on the left side, where the opposition is there. So, you will have to have absolute empathy for pensioners. Never ever create a problem in disbursement of the pension.
I am so happy and delighted and I came to know about it that technological upgradation has resulted in seamless delivery with expedition but still there will be issues and issues are bound to be there. We will never have a system where there will be no issues interdepartmental or with pensioners.
Have empathy, act with them with a sense of devotion. All of them are like parents for you, senior citizens, our veterans. hand-hold them, if they physically interface with you, will go a long way. Not only they will bless you, by word of mouth, a message will permeate all throughout. They are not the people who are retired, they are pensioners. They will never be tired of serving the nation in whatever form they are. This blessed, distinguished, premium category of human resource you will be interacting with.
No one has fancy for people who deal with finance. No one is in love with the auditors. There is an element of fear sometimes but now the mindset must change because Integrity has been generated by and large on account of technology. Much has been plugged in the entire system, most of yours but I would particularly urge, while auditing others, never hesitate to self-audit.
As young boys and girls, you must exemplify by conduct, discipline and decorum, that not only you are different, you are cut out to make a difference and that difference would add up to the nation being different.
There will always be challenges, but I can assure you, law full route of integrity is the safest route. Shortcuts are very tempting; sometimes, they are too tempting to be resisted but when challenges comes, a shortcut, rather than being the shortest distance between two points, turns out to be the longest intractable with headwinds and air pockets. Sometimes, negotiating is never-ending.
Therefore, financial integrity is absolute essence; it is your nectar. Financial integrity once compromised, you lose it forever; you can never repair and therefore, develop a mechanism in life of happiness and satisfaction that do not measure yourself comparing those who are in private sector. The limousine may also look, very attractive to you but if you get into their role you will find your life is much happier more rewarding more satisfying.
The best answer is, ‘I don’t know.’ Never guess, Never fear failure. Never fear that you have lack of knowledge, no one is encyclopedic. There will be people who will tell you, yes, you are nice boy, nice girl. You don’t know, but you are urge to live. You have the courage and conviction to say, I am not ready at the moment, give me a day’s time. Maybe the superior, may at that point of time will not appreciate. But to cover up that fault by something which cannot be tenable. You must not adopt.
As individuals, I will invite you that you must be good citizens of the country while people in our country focus on rights and we have fundamental rights, I would beseech all of you to first carefully go through fundamental duties that are in part 4A of the Constitution. Many people ask me, what individuals can we do? I will here give you some tips.
One, if the Prime Minister initiated a clarion call for ‘Ek Ped Maa ke Naam’, imagine the difference it is making. If everyone takes it seriously, and I include everyone, including a child, then there would be saplings of 1.4 billion. You will be living in a state where you can make your difference. Please do that.
I would want you to take note, get imbibe and practice five civilizational values.
One, strengthening of family ties, family values. Being connected with a family. दादा-दादी, नाना-नानी को जब पता लगता है की उनको फ़ोन कर दिया, उनसे बात हो गई| उनको जीवन के अंदर आनंद लेने का एक पल मिल जाता है|
Make it a priority, believe in environmental awareness and sustainable living. These are not words. As individuals you can contribute for it. Embrace indigenous knowledge, स्वेदेशी, economic self-alliance. Be Vocal for Local. I’ll tell you, avoidable imports in this country are huge drain on finance, to the extent of billions of dollars. These avoidable imports are in the shape of shoes, socks, trousers, coat, shirts, carpets, furniture, toys, candles, what not.
Second aspect is that when we engage into use of avoidable foreign items imported into the country, we are depriving our people of work. This small gesture you can do. I’ll be Vocal for Local; I’ll go for indigenous product when it comes for my use. State actors can’t do it. You are a discerning young mind. WTO will come into play. It is very difficult to evolve a policy for that. But if people take to a policy by their habit, a designed habit, inculcated habit, it will make a difference.
Forged in unity and inclusivity amidst mass diversity. For 5,000 years we have had inclusivity, we have had inclusivity, but the challenge to inclusivity was extreme.
Murderers came, invaders came. They ravaged our culture, our religious places. We stood our ground but time has come now to keep nation’s interest always first, fostering unity, foster the brotherhood, and that is required because if you find someone not subscribing to our values, not believing in the nation. You must have capacity to effect change of mindset, and if not, make your presence felt. The nation first has to be there.
Everyone has civic duties to perform. I have noticed myself, no Indian who left India for abroad, threw a banana skin out of a running vehicle. No one has done it, and landing here back, सड़क तो हमारी है, हमारा garbage है, फेकेंगे but Prime Minister gave a call Swachh Bharat.
Now people don’t do it. Look at it. If we become a disciplined nation, things will be different. You youngsters must know our history. You are lucky to be living at a time when India is the fastest growing economy in the world. No nation has witnessed the kind of exponential economic upsurge, infrastructure growth, deep digitization, technological penetration, and facilities unheard of in the villages. Cooking gas, toilet, internet, road connectivity. Light in the house, pipe water is on the way, no one thought of it. So we are a nation full of hope and possibility.
In that nation you have the privileged honour to be public servants, but comes along with this another challenge that the nation is most aspirational. People have tasted development. Therefore, your duty you must always ensure before you leave the office. There should be no avoidable pendency on your table. If you make it your Dharma, it will take you a long way.
The armed forces are counting on you, the future generations are counting on you. My best wishes for all your future endeavors and always be positive. Shed negativity in the process if you can spare time to read our scriptures, Vedas, Gita, Epics, Ramayan, Mahabharata. I am not getting religious, I am saying they define sublimity of secularism.
Bali Jatra is a festival that commemorates the maritime trade and cultural exchange between Odisha and Southeast Asian countries, particularly Bali. The festival is celebrated annually in Cuttack, Odisha, and attracts million of visitors. The term Bali Jatra literally means ‘Voyage to Bali’. Every year Kartika Purnima marks the day that the seafaring traders departed for the Indonesian islands. For this festival, people of Odisha gather in large numbers in colourful attire to celebrate their glorious maritime history. The celebration features grand fairs, elaborate rides, food and dance. Indian women perform ‘Boita Bandana’, they make boats of paper or banana leaf (sholapith) with lighted lamps inside and float them down the Mahanadi as a part of the celebrations. The Bali Jatra celebrates the ingenuity and skill of those expert sailors who made Kalinga, one of the most prosperous empires of its time.
The festival is organized by Department of Culture and Tourism, Govt. of Odisha. Eastern Zonal Cultural Centre (EZCC), Kolkata, an autonomous organization under Ministry of Culture, participates in this event by way of providing cultural troupes during the Jatra for organizing cultural programmes, the details of which are as under:
Under Azadi Ka Amrit Mahotsav, a three-day National Dhara event ‘Samudramanthan’ was organized at the Odisha Maritime Museum at Cuttack to focus on the State’s glorious seafaring history, coinciding with the inauguration of the historic Bali Jatra. The event included panel and round-table discussions on the country’s maritime history locations, traditions, ship building, navigation, trade and cultural exchange, maritime security and international law.
The Jatra facilitates cultural exchange between Odisha and other States, promoting cross-cultural understanding. The Jatra also provides a platform for traditional Odia artists, craftsmen and musicians to showcase their skills which help to revive and promote Odia Culture.
This information was given by Union Minister for Culture and Tourism Shri Gajendra Singh Shekhawat in a written reply in Rajya Sabha today.
CRICKET LEGEND SACHIN TENDULKAR CALLS ON THE PRESIDENT SHARES MOTIVATIONAL ANECDOTES WHILE INTERACTING UNDER ‘RASHTRAPATI BHAVAN VIMARSH SHRINKHALA’
Posted On: 06 FEB 2025 8:15PM by PIB Delhi
Cricket legend Shri Sachin Tendulkar, along with his family members, called on the President of India, Smt Droupadi Murmu at Rashtrapati Bhavan today (February 6, 2025). The President and Shri Tendulkar also took a round of Amrit Udyan.
Later, in an interactive session under the Rashtrapati Bhavan’s initiative ‘Rashtrapati Bhavan Vimarsh Shrinkhala’, Shri Tendulkar shared principles of motivation through anecdotes from his own journey as a cricketer. In the session attended by aspiring sportspersons and students of various schools and colleges, he highlighted the importance of teamwork, taking care of others, celebrating the success of others, hard work, developing mental and physical toughness and so many other life-building aspects. He said that the future sports-stars will come from the remotest areas and from among tribal communities and areas that are not so privileged.
The Ministry of Culture is set to organize a gram cultural event at the Ganga Pandal, at the Mahakumbh 2025 in Prayagraj. It will see renowned artists from across the country mesmerize devotees with grand presentations of music, dance, and art from 7th – 10th February.
The main highlights of the event would include performances by famous artists like Odissi dancer Dona Ganguly on 7th; Renowned singer Kavita Krishnamurti and Dr. L. Subramaniam on 8th; Suresh Wadkar and Sonal Mansingh on 9th; and, On 10th, celebrated singer Hariharan.
In addition, prominent artists from various Indian classical dance and music traditions will make the evening at the Mahakumbh musical and grand.
Cultural Programme Schedule at Ganga Pandal:
February 7:
– Dona Ganguly (Kolkata) – Odissi Dance
– Yogesh Gandharv & Abha Gandharv – Sufi Singing
– Suma Sudhindra (Karnataka) – Carnatic Singing
– Dr. Devki Nandan Sharma (Mathura) – Rasleela
February 8:
– Kavita Krishnamurti & Dr. L. Subramaniam – Light Music
– Preeti Patel (Kolkata) – Manipuri Dance
– Narendra Nath (West Bengal) – Sarod Performance
– Dr. Devki Nandan Sharma (Mathura) – Rasleela
February 9:
– Suresh Wadekar – Light Music
– Padma Shri Madhup Mudgal (New Delhi) – Hindustani Classical Music
– Sonal Mansingh (New Delhi) – Odissi Dance
– Dr. Devki Nandan Sharma (Mathura) – Rasleela
February 10:
– Hariharan – Light Music
– Shubhada Varadkar (Mumbai) – Odissi Dance
– Sudha (Tamil Nadu) – Carnatic Music
Maha Kumbh 2025 is not only a grand festival of devotion and faith, but it is also establishing itself as a global platform for Indian culture, music, dance, and literature. The events at the Ganga Pandal will present a living form of India’s rich cultural traditions, allowing devotees to experience this magnificent festival in both spiritual and cultural forms.
Under MeitY’s research initiatives, CDAC-Noida Sign Letter of Intent (LoI) with LeGO Group to boost indigenous electronics Toy industry ecosystem MeitY initiative to empower Young Engineers from SC/ST and NER Backgrounds in Toy Innovation
Young Indian Engineers to Receive Global Mentorship from LEGO India and CDAC-Noida
Posted On: 06 FEB 2025 7:49PM by PIB Delhi
CDAC-Noida a research organization of MeitY signed a Letter of Intent (LoI) with Creative Play Lab, a department of the LEGO Group under the project ‘Development of Electronics and IT-based Control and Automation Solutions for Consumer Electronic Goods (Toy Industry)’.
The project is a tailored made initiative of R&D group of the Ministry to foster the growth of the Indian electronic toys industry by developing prototypes and equipping young engineers, including from under-represented communities, with the skills needed to design such toys.
Under this MeitY initiative, young engineers were selected from across India from SC/ST and NER background and engaged in R&D activities for a year, getting hands-on experience in designing and developing electronic toys for first six months working and learning in the toy labs at C-DAC, Noida followed by a six-month training at industry to create toy prototypes based on industry needs.
To provide global exposure to the interns, LEGO India is joining hands with CDAC Noida supported by CPL to provide mentorship to 1-2 students per batch on their toy prototypes. The batch of students from India will get the opportunity to visit the LEGO Group’s headquarters in Billund, Denmark. CPL will share knowledge for the 3rd Batch of young engineers through webinars, providing insights on CPL’s experimentation mindset, guidance on toy development and standards, and feedback on toy prototypes developed by the engineering students.
This event was held on February 6, 2025 at MeitY was graced by Shri Bhuvnesh Kumar, Additional Secretary, MeitY, Shri Abhishek Singh, Additional Secretary, MeitY, Ms. Sunita Verma, GC R&D, MeitY, Shri Vivek Khaneja, ED, CDAC-Noida, Ms. Colette Burke, Global Chief Commercial Officer LEGO Group, Denmark, Mr. Claus Kristensen, Senior Vice President APAC Market Group, Singapore and senior Officers from Ministry and Industry.
WAVES VFX Challenge Compete, Create, and Conquer in the Ultimate VFX Showdown
Posted On: 06 FEB 2025 7:47PM by PIB Delhi
Compete, Create, and Conquer in the Ultimate VFX Showdown
Introduction
The World Audio Visual & Entertainment Summit (WAVES) serves as a premier platform to foster discussions, collaborations, and innovation in the Media & Entertainment (M&E) industry. Organised by the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, WAVES brings together industry leaders, stakeholders, and global participants to shape the sector’s future and promote trade opportunities in India.
A key highlight of WAVES is the Create in India Challenges, which have received over 70,000 registrations and launched 31 competitions aimed at fostering creativity and innovation. Out of these, 25 challenges remain open for participation, with 22 attracting global entries.
WAVES VFX Challenge (WAFX Competition)
The WAVES VFX Challenge (WAFX) is India’s premier nationwide search for top VFX talent. Organised in partnership with the Ministry of Information & Broadcasting and ABAI, it marks a milestone in India’s creative landscape under the inaugural Create in India Season 1.
Competition Overview
Theme: Daily Life Superhero
The contest theme revolves around ‘Daily Life Super Heroes’. Participants are invited to create visual effects sequences or short films that showcase superheroes tackling mundane tasks with humour and creativity. Think of superheroes helping out with household chores, daily commutes, or solving everyday problems in creative and humorous ways
Categories
Student Category: Open to school and university students (proof of enrolment required).
Professional Category: Open to working professionals in VFX, animation, and filmmaking (including freelancers and studio artists).
Competition Structure
1. Qualifier Round
Registration: Participants select their zone and submit a 30-second VFX video based on the theme “Daily Life Superhero.”
Selection: A jury will shortlist top 10 students and 10 professionals per zone for the Zonal Contests.
2. Zonal Contests
Zonal Contest Locations: Chandigarh (North Zone), Mumbai (West Zone), Kolkata (East Zone), Bengaluru (South Zone).
Live competition (10-hour challenge) in selected cities.
Contestants create a VFX reel using provided stock videos, 3D assets, and FX libraries.
Winners per category receive an all-expenses-paid opportunity to compete in the Grand Finale at WAVES 2025.
3. Grand Finale
Zonal winners compete in a 24-hour challenge at WAVES 2025.
Contestants utilise green matte screens, 3D assets, and FX libraries to create a VFX shot.
Grand Champion in each category wins a cash prize and exclusive goodies.
Registration
Interested participants can register here and be part of India’s biggest VFX challenge at WAVES 2025!
Raksha Mantri Shri Rajnath Singh, on February 06, 2025, congratulated Mr Pete Hegseth, in a first telephonic conversation after his confirmation as the US Secretary of Defense. The two Ministers reviewed the extensive India-US defence cooperation activities covering multiple domains in land, air, maritime and space. They appreciated the ongoing and remarkable expansion of the bilateral defence partnership, and reaffirmed their commitment to deepen the ties.
In particular, the two Ministers decided to work together on technology cooperation, integration of defence industrial supply chains, enhanced interoperability, logistics & information sharing and joint military exercises. They also agreed to provide enhanced support to the growing defence innovation collaboration between the governments, start-ups, businesses and academic institutions. India and US agreed to work together to draft a comprehensive framework on defence cooperation, aimed at structuring the bilateral collaboration for the period 2025-2035.
Public Sector Banks (PSBs) show strong performance in the first three quarters (April-December) of current FY 2024-25 Highest-ever net profit of Rs 1.29 lakh crore reported by Public Sector Banks (PSBs) in the first nine months (April-December) of FY 2024-25, marking a 31.3% year-on-year growth
PSBs achieve highest ever aggregate net profit, improved asset quality, robust business growth and adequate capital buffers
Posted On: 06 FEB 2025 7:40PM by PIB Delhi
The performance of Public Sector Banks has shown significant improvement on key financial parameters during the first three quarters of the current FY 2024-25. Highlights as on 31.12.2024, are as under –
Record net profit growth of 31.3% (y-o-y) to achieve highest ever aggregate net profit of Rs. 1,29,426 Crore and aggregate operating profit of Rs. 2,20,243 Crore, in first nine months of the financial year.
Improved asset quality visible from significantly low Net NPA ratio at 0.59% (Aggregate net NPA outstanding of Rs. 61,252 Crore)
Aggregate business growth of 11.0% (y-o-y), with improved aggregate deposit growth at 9.8% (y-o-y). Total aggregate business of PSBs reached Rs. 242.27 lakh crore.
Robust credit growth of 12.4%, led by retail credit growth of 16.6%, agriculture credit growth of 12.9% and MSME credit growth of 12.5%.
Built-up of adequate capital buffers, with Aggregate Capital to Risk Weighted Assets Ratio of 14.83%, significantly above the minimum requirement of 11.5%.
PSBs are adequately capitalized and well poised to meet credit demands of all sectors of the economy, with special thrust on Agriculture, MSME and Infrastructure Sector.
The policy and process reforms have resulted in enhanced systems and processes for credit discipline, recognition and resolution of stressed assets, responsible lending, improved governance, financial inclusion initiatives, technology adoption etc. These measures have led to a sustained financial health and robustness of banking sector as a whole which is reflected in the current performance of the PSBs.
A New Dawn for Rural India’s Transformation Union Budget 2025-26 Brings Forward a Package of Hope
Posted On: 06 FEB 2025 7:32PM by PIB Delhi
Union Budget 2025-26 Brings Forward a Package of Hope
“Ensuring a dignified life for the people of rural India is the priority of my Government”
~Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi
India is home to 6.65 lakh villages, with 2.68 lakh Gram Panchayats and Rural Local Bodies, which form the backbone of the nation’s rural landscape. These villages, scattered across the country, play a crucial role in shaping India’s rural economy and culture. The Union Budget 2025-26 recognizes the importance of these communities and places a strong emphasis on their upliftment. The budget focuses on key areas such as employment generation, women empowerment, education and infrastructure development in rural India.
Total amount allocated for the demand in the Budget Estimate (BE) for 2025-26: ₹1,88,754.53 Cr.
The Union Budget 2025-26 outlines several key initiatives aimed at driving rural development and enhancing prosperity through focused programs and investments:
Water Supply – Jal Jeevan Mission:
The Jal Jeevan Mission has been extended until 2028 with an increased focus on improving the quality of infrastructure and the operation and maintenance of rural piped water supply schemes through a citizen-centric approach, known as “Jan Bhagidhari”. The goal is to achieve 100% coverage with enhanced financial support and sustainability through state-specific MoUs.
Broadband Connectivity – Bharatnet Project:
Broadband connectivity will be expanded under the Bharatnet Project, aiming to provide all government secondary schools and primary health centers in rural areas with internet access, improving education and healthcare services.
India Post as a Catalyst for Rural Economy:
India Post will drive rural economic growth with its 1.5 lakh rural post offices, India Post Payment Bank, and 2.4 lakh Dak Sevaks. It will enhance services by offering micro-enterprise credit, digital services, and institutional account management. Furthermore, India Post will evolve into a key public logistics organization supporting entrepreneurs, MSMEs, and self-help groups.
Rural Prosperity and Resilience Program:
A comprehensive multi-sectoral ‘Rural Prosperity and Resilience’ programme will be launched in collaboration with states. This program aims to address under-employment in agriculture by promoting skill development, technology adoption, and investments to invigorate the rural economy. The mission will focus on empowering rural women, young farmers, marginalized communities, and landless families, ensuring that migration becomes a choice, not a necessity.
Through these initiatives, the Union Budget 2025-26 envisions a holistic approach to rural development, aiming for long-term growth, resilience, and self-reliance across rural India.
Positive Transformations in Rural India
Positive outcomes have been observed across various sectors as India moves toward greater prosperity. These include an increase in rural wages, wider internet connectivity in rural areas, a decline in poverty, and a reduction in consumption inequality.
National Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) Report: The proportion of individuals living in multidimensional poverty declined from 24.85% to 14.96% between 2015-16 and 2019-21. 13.5 crore individuals escaped multidimensional poverty during this period.
Rural Internet Connectivity: As of March 2024, India had 954.40 million internet subscribers. Out of this, 398.35 million were rural internet subscribers.
Income Distribution (Gini Coefficient): For rural areas, it declined from 0.266 in FY22-23 to 0.237 in FY23-24.
Rural Wage Growth: As per data from the Labour Bureau, rural wages in FY25 (April-September 2024) showed a growth of above 4% each month year-on-year: Agriculture wages grew by 5.7% for men and 7% for women. Non-agricultural wages grew by 5.5% for men and 7.9% for women.
Pathway to Prosperity: Key Rural Scheme Achievements
Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) – Roads: Launched in December 2000, this initiative aims to provide rural connectivity through a single all-weather road to unconnected habitations of a designated population size in the core network, enhancing the socio-economic conditions of rural communities.
Pradhan Mantri Awaas Yojana-Gramin (PMAY-G) – Housing: Launched on 20th November 2016, aiming to provide housing for the poorest segments of society.
Mission Amrit Sarovar: Launched on 24th April 2022, with an objective to conserve water for the future. The Mission aimed at developing / rejuvenating 75 Amrit Sarovar (Pond) in each district of the Country. A total of 68,843 ponds have been constructed.
National Rural Health Mission:Launched in 2005 with the objective of building public health systems to provide accessible, affordable and quality health care to the rural population.
Jal Jeevan Mission:Launched in 2019, JJM is a nationwide programme designed to provide all households in rural India with safe and adequate drinking-water through individual household tap connections. As of 27 January 2025, a total of 12.2 crore households have been provided with tap water connections.
Swachh Bharat Mission (Gramin): Launched on October 2, 2014, the initiative aimed at making India Open Defecation Free (ODF). Currently in Phase 2 the focus is on maintaining the ODF status, managing solid and liquid waste by 2024-25 and transitioning all villages from ODF to the ODF Plus model.
Saansad Adarsh Gram Yojana (SAGY):Launched on 11th October 2014, SAGY aims to preserve the essence of rural India by providing access to basic amenities and opportunities for people to shape their own futures.
Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN): Cabinet Approved PM-JANMAN on Nov. 2023 to improve socio-economic conditions of the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).
Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana – National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM): Launched in 2011, the scheme aims to empower rural poor women by organizing them into Self Help Groups (SHGs) and supporting economic activities to improve their income and quality of life. Implemented in 5,369 blocks across 682 districts.
Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2008: Provide access to justice at the grassroots level in rural areas. As of October 2024, 313 Gram Nyayalayas have disposed of over 2.99 lakh cases between December 2020 and October 2024.
National Social Assistance Programme (NSAP): Launched on 15th August 1995, Provide financial assistance to vulnerable sections of society.
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) Progress: Launched in 2005, the scheme aims to provide 100 days of guaranteed wage employment annually to rural households, enhancing livelihood security through unskilled manual work. The Budget allocation under Mahatma Gandhi NREGA has steadily risen. The budget allocation for the financial year 2006-07 was Rs 11,300 crore which increased to Rs 33,000 crore in 2013-14 and now stands at Rs 86,000 crore during FY 2024-25 at Budget estimate stage.
Conclusion
Rural India is making significant strides toward achieving a developed India by 2047, with the Union Budget serving as a key step in making it more self-reliant (Atmanirbhar). By focusing on essential areas like employment, infrastructure, and economic empowerment, the budget ensures crucial support for a prosperous and sustainable future for rural communities, paving the way for a stronger, more self-sufficient India.
Source: Hong Kong Government special administrative region
Hong Kong Customs seizes suspected “space oil drug” worth about $3.2 million at airport (with photo) Hong Kong Customs seizes suspected “space oil drug” worth about $3.2 million at airport (with photo) ******************************************************************************************
Hong Kong Customs detected a case involving etomidate (the main ingredient of “space oil drug”), a kind of Part 1 poison under the Pharmacy and Poisons Regulations at Hong Kong International Airport and seized about 3 kilograms of suspected “space oil drug” with an estimated market value of about $3.2 million on January 8. During Customs clearance at the airport on that day, Customs officers found the batch of suspected “space oil drug” concealed in a tote bag and a box of food package inside an unclaimed baggage arriving from Malaysia. After a follow-up investigation, Customs officers today (February 6) arrested a 47-year-old male, who was suspected to be connected with the case in Tuen Mun and seized one “space oil drug” infused capsule and two vape devices in the cross body bag carried by him. An investigation is ongoing. Customs will continue to apply a risk assessment approach and focus on selecting passengers from high-risk regions for clearance to combat transnational drug trafficking activities. Under the Pharmacy and Poisons Ordinance, any person who possesses any poison included in Part 1 of the Poisons List other than in accordance with provisions commits an offence. The maximum penalty upon conviction is a fine of $100,000 and imprisonment for two years. Members of the public may report any suspected drug trafficking activities to Customs’ 24-hour hotline 182 8080 or its dedicated crime-reporting email account (crimereport@customs.gov.hk) or online form (eform.cefs.gov.hk/form/ced002).
Ends/Thursday, February 6, 2025Issued at HKT 21:50
Vande Bharat Sleeper Train Set: Ushering Soon a New Era of Comfortable Long Distance Travel First Train Set Completes Long Distance Trail; ICF to Deliver Nine more VB Sleeper Train Set By the End of this Year
Posted On: 06 FEB 2025 7:03PM by PIB Delhi
Indian Railways is set to revolutionize long-distance travel with the Vande Bharat Sleeper Train Set, a state-of-the-art addition to the country’s fastest-growing fleet. The dream of a world-class, high-speed sleeper train is now a reality as the first 16-car Vande Bharat Sleeper Train Set has successfully completed rigorous trials by the Research Designs & Standards Organisation (RDSO) on 15th January 2025 for five hundred forty kilometre distance in Mumbai- Ahmedabad section. Integral Coach Factory, Chennai completed manufacturing of India’s first Vande Bharat Sleeper Train set last year on December 17. Within a fortnight the train was brought to Kota division and was successfully tested for short distances of 30 to 40 kilometres for three days in a row in the first week of last month, where it achieved comfortable travel experience at a high speed of 180 km per hour.
This achievement marks a significant leap in railway modernization, promising a seamless and luxurious travel experience for passengers. With a focus on comfort, speed, and cutting-edge technology, the Vande Bharat Sleeper trains are set to redefine the overnight journeys for masses in the days to come.
Scaling Up Production: The Road Ahead
After the successful trial of the prototype, the production of nine more Vande Bharat Sleeper Train Sets is scheduled between April and December 2025. These trains will set new benchmarks in efficiency and convenience for long-haul travelers.
To power this ambitious rollout, Indian Railways has placed a major order forpropulsion electricsfor50 rakesof the 24-car Vande Bharat Sleeper Train Sets on 17th December 2024. The order has been awarded to two leading Indian manufacturers, which is likely to be ready in 2 years time frame.
M/s Medha will supply propulsion systems for 33 rakes
M/s Alstom will supply propulsion systems for 17 rakes
Looking ahead, full-scale production of the 24-car Vande Bharat Sleeper Train Sets will commence in 2026-27, further strengthening India’s self-reliance in railway technology.
A New Chapter in Rail Travel with Speed and Luxury
These Vande Bharat sleeper trains are designed with features like automatic doors, ultra comfortable berths, on board WiFi & an aircraft-like design. Passengers in India are already enjoying reclining seats & world class travel experience through 136 Vande Bharat trains running across the country on the medium & short distances. With the Vande Bharat Sleeper, passengers can expect a quieter, smoother, and more comfortable journey, equipped with world-class amenities and advanced safety features. Designed and built under the Make in India initiative, this train embodies India’s engineering excellence and commitment to transforming rail travel.
As Indian Railways move forward with this transformative project, the Vande Bharat Sleeper Train Set stands as a testament to the nation’s vision of modern, efficient, and passenger-friendly transportation.
Features of the train
The train has 16 coaches divided into three classes: AC 1st Class, AC 2-Tier, and AC 3-Tier.
The train has a total capacity of 1,128 passengers.
The train has crash buffers, deformation tubes, and a fire barrier wall.
The train has automatic doors, cushioned berths, and onboard WiFi.
Before the operationalisation of India’s first Vande Bharat sleeper train, the Research Designs & Standards Organisation (RDSO) will issue a final certificate after analyzing the trial runs. The railway safety commissioner will evaluate the train at its maximum speed.
Shri Jayant Chaudhary inaugurates NSDC International Academy at Greater Noida The state-of-the-art facility to provide world-class skill development & training programmes
The academy to empower youth in foreign languages and prepare them for international career opportunities
Posted On: 06 FEB 2025 6:38PM by PIB Delhi
Shri Jayant Chaudhary, Minister of State (I/C), Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) and Minister of State, Ministry of Education inaugurated the NSDC International Academy at Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh. The academy is a state-of-the-art facility designed to provide world-class skill development and training programmes.
The NSDC International Academy is a landmark initiative designed to bridge the gap between Indian youth and global employment opportunities. It will serve as a centre of excellence, offering specialized training programs aligned with the skill demands of countries like Germany, Japan, and Israel. Shri Chaudhary flagged off the departure of 11 candidates headed to Germany. He toured the NSDC International Academy, interacted with students about their life journeys, and offered them motivation and also experienced the AI and VR facilities, advanced labs present at the centre.
Delivering his address, Shri Jayant Chaudhary, mentioned, “We must recognize that young India is breaking barriers, moving beyond traditional career paths, and looking at new opportunities. Institutions like these are testament to this shift—equipping our youth with the skills, confidence, and global exposure they need to succeed. A great building and infrastructure are important, but the real strength of any institution is its people—the trainers, students, and programs that drive it. With our skilling budget increasing substantially, we are strengthening initiatives like this academy, ensuring young Indians get industry-relevant training, language skills, and cultural readiness. A Viksit Bharat by 2047 will be built by individuals ready to take on global challenges, and our job is to make sure they have the right support to get there.”
He added, “Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi Ji is very passionate about skilling, and takes pride in what our ministry is achieving. Skill India programme and ITI rejuvenation programme, announced in the budget will have a huge impact, in increasing our capacity to skill our young people.”
This centre aims to empower individuals with the skills needed to thrive in today’s competitive global workforce. The academy specializes in internationally recognized language certifications, ensuring that candidates receive globally accepted qualifications. These include OSD and GOETHE certifications for German, JLPT for Japanese, and ISLETS for English, making graduates well-prepared for global opportunities.
Addressing the audience,Shri Ved Mani Tiwari, CEO, Nation Skill Development Corporationsaid, “In our journey of making India a global skill capital, today is a pivotal moment as our honorable minister Shri Jayant Chaudhary inaugurates this center, fulfilling the dreams of our honorable prime minister Shri Narendra Modi Ji. The World Economic Forum report says that in the next 25 years, 100 crore people would join the global workforce, with every third and fourth person being Indian. The coming years would ensure that India plays a dominant role in the global economy and contributes significantly to the dollar economy. Our initiatives at this center equip youths with world-class language proficiency and advanced technical skills, preparing them for careers in Germany, Japan, Israel, and the UK. With cutting-edge training in sectors like caregiving and with the support of Industry 4.0, we are readying our talent for global opportunities.”
With a target of training over 1,000 candidates annually, the NSDC International Academy is committed to addressing the demands of both local and international job markets. As part of its mission to enhance employability, the academy will provide placement assistance and establish partnerships with industry leaders to facilitate valuable interview opportunities for its graduates.
The NSDC International Academy in Greater Noida stands as a flagship initiative, of the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) under the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE), Government of India, dedicated to transforming India’s workforce by providing training and certifications recognised globally. This premier skill development institution offers specialised courses in various fields, including foreign languages, healthcare, employability skills, and aviation, ensuring that Indian youth are well-prepared for international career opportunities.
The facility features modern classrooms equipped with interactive technology and advanced labs focused on soft skills and language learning with resources that will enable hands-on training and practical application of the learnings. The academy also includes dedicated counselling rooms to provide career guidance and psychological support, fostering holistic development among students. With residential facilities accommodating up to 500 candidates, the NSDC International Academy offers an immersive learning environment that promotes both academic and personal growth.
With a target of training over 1,000 candidates annually, the NSDC International Academy is committed to addressing the demands of both local and international job markets. As part of its mission to enhance employability, the academy will provide placement assistance and establish partnerships with industry leaders to facilitate valuable interview opportunities for its graduates.
Shri Jayant Chaudhary inaugurates NSDC International Academy The state-of-the-art facility to provide world-class skill development & training programmes
The academy to empower youth in foreign languages and prepare them for international career opportunities
Posted On: 06 FEB 2025 6:38PM by PIB Delhi
Shri Jayant Chaudhary, Minister of State (I/C), Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship (MSDE) and Minister of State, Ministry of Education inaugurated the NSDC International Academy, a state-of-the-art facility designed to provide world-class skill development and training programmes.
The NSDC International Academy is a landmark initiative designed to bridge the gap between Indian youth and global employment opportunities. It will serve as a centre of excellence, offering specialized training programs aligned with the skill demands of countries like Germany, Japan, and Israel. Shri Chaudhary flagged off the departure of 11 candidates headed to Germany. He toured the NSDC International Academy, interacted with students about their life journeys, and offered them motivation and also experienced the AI and VR facilities, advanced labs present at the centre.
Delivering his address, Shri Jayant Chaudhary, mentioned, “We must recognize that young India is breaking barriers, moving beyond traditional career paths, and looking at new opportunities. Institutions like these are testament to this shift—equipping our youth with the skills, confidence, and global exposure they need to succeed. A great building and infrastructure are important, but the real strength of any institution is its people—the trainers, students, and programs that drive it. With our skilling budget increasing substantially, we are strengthening initiatives like this academy, ensuring young Indians get industry-relevant training, language skills, and cultural readiness. A Viksit Bharat by 2047 will be built by individuals ready to take on global challenges, and our job is to make sure they have the right support to get there.”
He added, “Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi Ji is very passionate about skilling, and takes pride in what our ministry is achieving. Skill India programme and ITI rejuvenation programme, announced in the budget will have a huge impact, in increasing our capacity to skill our young people.”
This centre aims to empower individuals with the skills needed to thrive in today’s competitive global workforce. The academy specializes in internationally recognized language certifications, ensuring that candidates receive globally accepted qualifications. These include OSD and GOETHE certifications for German, JLPT for Japanese, and ISLETS for English, making graduates well-prepared for global opportunities.
Addressing the audience,Shri Ved Mani Tiwari, CEO, Nation Skill Development Corporationsaid, “In our journey of making India a global skill capital, today is a pivotal moment as our honorable minister Shri Jayant Chaudhary inaugurates this center, fulfilling the dreams of our honorable prime minister Shri Narendra Modi Ji. The World Economic Forum report says that in the next 25 years, 100 crore people would join the global workforce, with every third and fourth person being Indian. The coming years would ensure that India plays a dominant role in the global economy and contributes significantly to the dollar economy. Our initiatives at this center equip youths with world-class language proficiency and advanced technical skills, preparing them for careers in Germany, Japan, Israel, and the UK. With cutting-edge training in sectors like caregiving and with the support of Industry 4.0, we are readying our talent for global opportunities.”
With a target of training over 1,000 candidates annually, the NSDC International Academy is committed to addressing the demands of both local and international job markets. As part of its mission to enhance employability, the academy will provide placement assistance and establish partnerships with industry leaders to facilitate valuable interview opportunities for its graduates.
The NSDC International Academy in Greater Noida stands as a flagship initiative, of the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) under the Ministry of Skill Development & Entrepreneurship (MSDE), Government of India, dedicated to transforming India’s workforce by providing training and certifications recognised globally. This premier skill development institution offers specialised courses in various fields, including foreign languages, healthcare, employability skills, and aviation, ensuring that Indian youth are well-prepared for international career opportunities.
The facility features modern classrooms equipped with interactive technology and advanced labs focused on soft skills and language learning with resources that will enable hands-on training and practical application of the learnings. The academy also includes dedicated counselling rooms to provide career guidance and psychological support, fostering holistic development among students. With residential facilities accommodating up to 500 candidates, the NSDC International Academy offers an immersive learning environment that promotes both academic and personal growth.
With a target of training over 1,000 candidates annually, the NSDC International Academy is committed to addressing the demands of both local and international job markets. As part of its mission to enhance employability, the academy will provide placement assistance and establish partnerships with industry leaders to facilitate valuable interview opportunities for its graduates.
e-NAM Platform expanded to boost agricultural trade with addition of 10 New commodities and their tradable parameters It aims to increase the coverage of agricultural commodities and offer more opportunities for farmers and traders to benefit from the digital trading platform
Number of commodities on e-NAM platform reaches 231
Posted On: 06 FEB 2025 6:33PM by PIB Delhi
In response to the continuous demand from farmers, traders and other stakeholders for inclusion of more agricultural commodities, the Department of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare, Government of India has decided to further expand the scope of trade under e-NAM. This initiative aims to increase the coverage of agricultural commodities and offer more opportunities for farmers and traders to benefit from the digital trading platform, Directorate of Marketing and Inspection (DMI) has formulated tradable parameters for 10 additional agricultural commodities. These new commodities parameters are a result of extensive consultation with key stakeholders, including state agencies, traders, subject matter specialists and SFAC and with approval from the Union Minister of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare Shri Shivraj Singh Chouhan.
DMI has been entrusted with the formulation of tradable parameters for agricultural commodities to be traded on the e-NAM (National Agricultural Market) platform. These tradable parameters are designed to help farmers secure better prices for their produce by ensuring the quality and commerciality of agricultural products. This initiative enhances transparency, facilitates fair trading practices, and contributes to the overall growth of the agricultural sector.
DMI has formulated tradable parameters for 221 agricultural commodities, which are available on the e-NAM platform and following 10 additional commodities will make the list to 231 commodities.
Miscellaneous Commodities:
1. Dried Tulsi Leaves
2. Besan (Chickpea Flour)
3. Wheat Flour
4. Chana Sattu (Roasted Chickpea Flour)
5. Water Chestnut Flour
Spices:
6. Asafoetida
7. Dried Fenugreek Leaves
Vegetables:
8. Water Chestnut
9. Baby Corn
Fruits:
10. Dragon Fruit
Commodities at Serial number 4 to 7 above fall in category of secondary trade, and this can help FPOs to market value added products as well as formalize the trade in the sector.
These newly approved tradable parameters will be available on the e-NAM portal (enam.gov.in), further strengthening the platform’s capacity to facilitate the digital trading of agricultural commodities. This move will provide farmers with improved market access, better pricing, and an enhanced quality assurance, thus supporting their economic well-being. The formulation of these additional tradable parameters aligns with the Government’s ongoing efforts to modernize the agricultural sector, ensuring greater inclusivity, efficiency, and market transparency.
