Category: Business

MIL-OSI Africa: World Food Programme (WFP) to purchase and transport approximately 48,000 metric tons of maize on behalf of the Government with World Bank funding

Source: Africa Press Organisation – English (2) – Report:

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The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) and the Government of Malawi have signed an agreement to import 48,000 metric tons of maize, valued at US$ 35 million and funded by the World Bank Group, to help food-insecure communities affected by the El Niño-induced drought.

WFP Regional Director for Southern Africa met today with the Commissioner for Disaster Management Affairs to discuss the details of the agreement and reaffirm their shared commitment to addressing Malawi’s urgent food needs.

“This is a significant step in complementing Malawi Government’s efforts in provision of relief assistance to food-insecure households across the country,” said Charles Kalemba, Commissioner for Disaster Management Affairs in Malawi. “The gesture reflects the strong commitment of the Government and its partners in alleviating hunger and improve food security as per the call made by the State President Dr. Lazarus McCarthy Chakwera when he declared state of disaster early last year.”

“WFP is focused on making sure critical resources reach the people who need them most,” said Eric Perdison, WFP Regional Director for Southern Africa. “This collaboration shows the strength of partnerships in tackling the challenges caused by climate-related crises.”

“The Word Bank mobilized US$ 50 million earlier this year to help Malawi address the impact of the recent El Niño-induced drought in the country”, said Firas Raad, World Bank Country Manager for Malawi. “We hope this financing will provide greater food security to vulnerable households, and we are proud of our close collaboration with WFP.”

This funding comes from the Crisis Emergency Response Component (CERC), of the Food Systems Resilience Program for Eastern and Southern Africa – Phase 3, a World Bank Group programme that helps countries quickly access resources during emergencies. Under this agreement, WFP will procure and transport approximately 48,000 metric tons of maize from Tanzania to Malawi to fill some of the food deficit caused by the El Niño drought. The Government of Malawi will distribute the food to approximately 954,000 households, in a national effort to alleviate hunger and help towards ensuring communities have access to food until the next harvest between April and July.

Malawi is currently facing acute food insecurity challenges, with 5.7 million people rendered food insecure following the El Niño-induced drought which negatively affected 44 percent of crops. WFP is collaborating closely with the Government of Malawi to address this emergency. Beyond this agreement, WFP is assisting over two million people with food assistance, including malnutrition treatment and school meals. WFP also provides logistics support to help the Government transport maize to distribution points across Malawi.

Distributed by APO Group on behalf of World Food Programme (WFP).

MIL OSI Africa –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: Amid LA fires, neighbors helped each other survive – 60 years of research shows local heroes are crucial to disaster response

Source: The Conversation – USA – By Tricia Wachtendorf, Professor of Sociology and Director, Disaster Research Center, University of Delaware

Neighbors fill and pass a bucket of pool water to help extinguish a spot fire in Pacific Palisades, Calif., on Jan. 9, 2025. Brian van der Brug / Los Angeles Times via Getty Image

As wildfires swept through neighborhoods on the outskirts of Los Angeles in January 2025, stories about residents there helping their neighbors and total strangers began trickling out on social media.

Accounts of Hollywood stars clearing streets for emergency vehicles to get through and raising money for fire victims were widely circulated. But there were many other examples of less-famous people helping older neighbors to safety, and even showing up with trailers to evacuate horses.

Businesses, including fitness centers, opened their facilities so evacuees could shower or charge their phones. Organizations that routinely work with homeless populations quickly mobilized their members to help ensure people living on the streets and in camps could get to secure, safe locations away from the fires and hazardous air quality.

Disasters, by definition, overwhelm local resources, making civilian responders like these essential. Sixty years of research at the University of Delaware’s Disaster Research Center and by others examining the social aspects of disaster has repeatedly shown effective disaster management requires mobilizing community resources far beyond official channels.

Often the response happens through local groups that form in response to a clear need in the community and with shared skills and interests. And this is exactly what we are witnessing in Los Angeles.

Civilians helping often number in the thousands

The number of those who step up to help during disasters varies by event, but it can be tremendous.

Following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing, over 6,800 volunteers worked with the Red Cross on the response. That same year, volunteers responding to the Kobe earthquake in Japan logged more than 1 million person-days of activity, a measure of the number of people times the hours they contributed.

People use garden hoses to try to prevent homes from catching fire in Altadena, Calif., on Jan. 8, 2025. Neighbors rushed to help neighbors as the wind blew burning embers into neighborhoods.
Mario Tama/Getty Images

In an in-depth study of the Sept. 11, 2001, World Trade Center attacks, we interviewed local residents who used their retired fireboat to pump water for the firefighters at ground zero. Operators of tug, ferry and tour boats in and around New York City immediately responded to quickly evacuate 500,000 people in the area from danger. In fact, the majority of the boats involved belonged to private companies. Other volunteers queued evacuees and organized supplies and rides to get people home.

Over 900 people, most acting in unofficial capacities, were awarded medals or ribbons for their efforts in just the marine response after the World Trade Center attack.

A survey of residents after the 1985 Mexico City earthquake found that nearly 10% of local residents volunteered in the first three weeks of the response. Following the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake, in California, a survey of residents in Santa Cruz and San Francisco counties found that two-thirds of the public were involved in response activities.

Local businesses are often quick to help in disasters. Greg Dulan, center, who runs a soul food restaurant and food truck, hands out hot meals to wildfire evacuees at a church in Pasadena, Calif., on Jan. 15, 2025.
Jason Armond/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images

However, much of the work local residents contribute during and after disasters goes unaccounted for in official reports.

There is no mechanism to quantify the full extent to which a neighbor or a complete stranger helps someone flee from peril. Yet when people are trapped and minutes count, research shows it is family, friends and neighbors who are already on the scene and are most likely to save lives. It’s often everyday citizens who also take on immediate tasks such as debris removal. Providing a phone, a car, a place to do laundry, or a little bit of elbow grease can fill a gap and let firefighters and other formal responders focus on critical operations.

Getting the right help to where it’s needed

Every study of a large-scale disaster conducted by the Disaster Research Center has revealed some level of emergent, informal helping behavior.

The lack of public understanding about the large number of local residents already involved, often including disaster victims themselves, can lead to an influx of outsiders eager to help. Their arrival can actually pose challenges for the disaster response.

When too many people show up, or when people try to operate outside their areas of expertise, they can put themselves and others at further risk. Communities often need supplies, but unsolicited goods of the wrong kind or at the wrong time can create more problems than they solve.

Local groups such as the Pasadena Community Job Center organize volunteers to send them where help is requested. This group is removing debris from streets in Pasadena, Calif., in the wake of the Eaton Fire on Jan. 14, 2025.
Zoë Meyers/AFP via Getty Images

So, what can you do to best support these local efforts?

Making a financial contribution to a trusted disaster response or local organization can go a long way to providing the support communities actually need. Organizations such as the American Red Cross or Feeding America, or local community-based groups that routinely work in the area, are often best suited to help where it’s needed the most.

Skilled help will be needed for the long term

Also, remember that disasters don’t end when the emergency is over. Survivors of the Los Angeles-area fires face years of confusing and frustrating recovery tasks ahead.

Offering help after the immediate threat has passed – particularly skilled help, such as experience in construction or expertise in managing insurance and FEMA paperwork – is just as important.

For example, after fires in 1970 destroyed hundreds of homes in the San Diego area, local architects, engineers and contractors donated their time and skills to help people rebuild. Their work was coordinated by a local architect and member of the Chamber of Commerce to ensure projects were assigned to reputable volunteers.

As we recognize the important ways that neighbors and strangers helped those around them, the broader community can support wildfire victims by responding to offering the right help as recovery needs emerge. Just about every skill that is useful in calm times will be needed in these difficult months and years ahead.

Tricia Wachtendorf receives funding from the National Science Foundation and Arnold Ventures Foundation.

James Kendra receives funding from the National Science Foundation and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

– ref. Amid LA fires, neighbors helped each other survive – 60 years of research shows local heroes are crucial to disaster response – https://theconversation.com/amid-la-fires-neighbors-helped-each-other-survive-60-years-of-research-shows-local-heroes-are-crucial-to-disaster-response-247660

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 25, 2025

MIL-OSI Economics: RBI announces rate of interest on GOI FRB 2035

Source: Reserve Bank of India

The rate of interest on the Government of India Floating Rate Bonds, 2035 (GOI FRB 2035) applicable for the period January 25, 2025 to January 24, 2030 shall be 6.66 per cent per annum.

It may be recalled that the GOI FRB 2035 was issued on January 25, 2005 by the Government of India to the Reserve Bank of India on private placement basis against the transfer of subordinated debt of IDFC. The rate of interest of the bonds shall be reset by the Bank every five years at the prevailing 5-year yield on Government of India securities as on the last working day prior to commencement of each period of five years. Accordingly, the coupon of the GOI FRB 2035 has been fixed on the basis of secondary market transactions in Government of India securities as on January 24, 2025.

Ajit Prasad
Deputy General Manager
(Communications)

Press Release: 2024-2025/2005

MIL OSI Economics –

January 25, 2025

MIL-OSI Video: Defying the Odds | World Economic Forum Annual Meeting 2025

Source: World Economic Forum (video statements)

What does a British Olympic champion diver who was bullied at an early age for his success and a renowned chef and restaurateur who grew up as a “second daughter” in traditional India have in common?

Join this conversation with two leaders who, while navigating social stigmatization, have forged platforms to advocate women’s empowerment and LGBTQ+ rights.

Speakers: Tom Daley, Asma Khan, Richard Quest

The 55th Annual Meeting of the World Economic Forum will provide a crucial space to focus on the fundamental principles driving trust, including transparency, consistency and accountability.

This Annual Meeting will welcome over 100 governments, all major international organizations, 1000 Forum’s Partners, as well as civil society leaders, experts, youth representatives, social entrepreneurs, and news outlets.

The World Economic Forum is the International Organization for Public-Private Cooperation. The Forum engages the foremost political, business, cultural and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas. We believe that progress happens by bringing together people from all walks of life who have the drive and the influence to make positive change.

World Economic Forum Website ► http://www.weforum.org/
Facebook ► https://www.facebook.com/worldeconomicforum/
YouTube ► https://www.youtube.com/wef
Instagram ► https://www.instagram.com/worldeconomicforum/
X ► https://twitter.com/wef
LinkedIn ► https://www.linkedin.com/company/world-economic-forum
TikTok ► https://www.tiktok.com/@worldeconomicforum
Flipboard ► https://flipboard.com/@WEF

#Davos2025 #WorldEconomicForum #wef25

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLbT4TBEFbo

MIL OSI Video –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Rare Anglo-Saxon Gold Panel at risk of leaving the UK
Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments

A temporary export bar has been placed on a rare Anglo-Saxon, Gold and Garnet Panel
The panel is valued at almost £4,000

The export bar has been placed to allow time for a UK gallery or institution to acquire the panel

An export bar has been placed on a rare Anglo-Saxon, Gold and Garnet Panel (c. 600-670) to provide an opportunity for a UK gallery or institution to acquire it for the nation.

The panel was discovered with a metal detector near Pocklington, East Riding of Yorkshire, on 6 March 2013 and has never been publicly exhibited.

The discovery of the panel near Pocklington is significant as it potentially offers insight into the study of artistic, political and cultural relationships between two of the most powerful kingdoms in 7th-century England, East Anglia in the east, and Northumbria in the north.

The item comprises a gold and garnet cloisonné panel of trapezoidal shape and displays clear links to the significant gold and garnet cloisonné metalwork from the Sutton Hoo ship burial and the Staffordshire Hoard.

The upper surface is filled with tiny interlocking cloisons or cells made from upright strips of gold soldered to a sheet gold backplate and filled with hand-cut garnets.

Arts Minister, Sir Chris Bryant said:

Across the country, detectorists continue to make important discoveries, which help tell us the history of our nation.

This beautiful panel potentially holds information into how the mediaeval kingdoms of this country interacted and co-existed. I hope a UK buyer can be found so it can be studied further and its stories can be shared with the public.”

Committee Member Tim Pestell said:

Amid the bitter politics of seventh-century England, rival kingdoms fought to gain power and prestige. An important way of expressing their resulting wealth was through delicate and technically complex pieces of jewellery like this example, found near Pocklington in Yorkshire. Using tiny hand-cut garnets set in gold cells or cloisons, the designs used in this example finds ready parallels in the better-known metalwork of Sutton Hoo and the Staffordshire Hoard. I hope that the bar placed on its export allows a museum to acquire this wonderful artefact as it has much yet to tell us about this pivotal period in English history.

The RCEWA Committee found the panel met the first and third Waverley criterion for its outstanding connection with our history and national life and its outstanding significance to the study of early mediaeval English regional society, English metalwork, the study of workshop practises, collaboration, and national and international exchange.

The decision on the export licence application for the panel will be deferred for a period ending on 23 March 2025 inclusive. At the end of the first deferral period owners will have a consideration period of 15 Business Days to consider any offer(s) to purchase the panel at the recommended price of £3,968 (inclusive of VAT of £128 [which can be reclaimed by an eligible institution]). The second deferral period will commence following the signing of an Option Agreement and will last for three months.

Notes to editors

Organisations or individuals interested in purchasing the panel should contact the RCEWA on 02072680534 or rcewa@artscouncil.org.uk.

Details of the item are as follows: The object is a trapezoidal panel of unidentified function, perhaps from a larger composite object. It dates from the early to mid-7th century and is made from gold inlaid with garnets in the cloisonné technique. The object measures 21.3 mm in length, with a width of 7.3 mm (min) expanding to 14.9 mm (max), 2.8 mm thick and weighing 2.89 g. The maker is unknown, as is standard for metalwork of this period. It is in fairly good condition, with some damage to the gold framework. Nine of the original 14 garnets survive in situ.

Provenance: From the Collection of Dr Tony Abramson; Bonhams, Antiquities Sale, 2 October 2014, lot 140; Found at Pocklington area, East Yorkshire Recorded with the British Museum, ref. NLM-1A8B56 // 2013 T184

The Reviewing Committee on the Export of Works of Art and Objects of Cultural Interest is an independent body, serviced by Arts Council England (ACE), which advises the Secretary of State for Culture, Media and Sport on whether a cultural object, intended for export, is of national importance under specified criteria.

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Published 24 January 2025
MIL OSI United Kingdom –
January 25, 2025

MIL-OSI: 2/2025・Trifork Group AG – Reporting of transactions made by persons discharging managerial responsibilities

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

Company announcement no. 2 / 2025
Schindellegi, Switzerland – 24 January 2025

Reporting of transactions made by persons discharging managerial responsibilities

Pursuant to the Market Abuse Regulation Article 19, Trifork Group AG (Swiss company registration number CHE-474.101.854) (“Trifork”) hereby notifies receipt of information of the following transactions made by persons discharging managerial responsibilities in Trifork in connection with fixed salaries paid in shares. Reference is made to company announcement no. 1/2025 on 21 January 2025.

1.	Details of the person discharging managerial responsibilities/person closely associated
a)	Name	Jørn Larsen
2.	Reason for the notification
a)	Position/status	CEO
b)	Initial notification/ Amendment	Initial notification
3.	Details of the issuer, emission allowance market participant, auction platform, auctioneer or auction monitor
a)	Name	Trifork Group AG
b)	LEI	8945004BYZKXPESTBL36
4.1	Details of the transaction(s)
a)	Description of the financial instrument, type of instrument Identification code	Shares ISIN CH1111227810
b)	Nature of the transaction	A share of 25% of the fixed monthly salary is paid out in shares as described in company announcement no. 1/2025.
c)	Price(s) and volume(s)	Price(s)	Volume(s)
		DKK 0	1’323
d)	Aggregated information — Aggregated volume — Price	N/A
e)	Date of the transaction	24 January 2025
f)	Place of the transaction	Outside a trading venue. Trifork previously held the shares as treasury shares.

1.	Details of the person discharging managerial responsibilities/person closely associated
a)	Name	Kristian Wulf-Andersen
2.	Reason for the notification
a)	Position/status	CFO
b)	Initial notification/ Amendment	Initial notification
3.	Details of the issuer, emission allowance market participant, auction platform, auctioneer or auction monitor
a)	Name	Trifork Group AG
b)	LEI	8945004BYZKXPESTBL36
4.1	Details of the transaction(s)
a)	Description of the financial instrument, type of instrument Identification code	Shares ISIN CH1111227810
b)	Nature of the transaction	A share of 10% of the fixed monthly salary is paid out in shares as described in company announcement no. 1/2025.
c)	Price(s) and volume(s)	Price(s)	Volume(s)
		DKK 0	352
d)	Aggregated information — Aggregated volume — Price	N/A
e)	Date of the transaction	24 January 2025
f)	Place of the transaction	Outside a trading venue. Trifork previously held the shares as treasury shares.

Information and questions
Frederik Svanholm, Group Investment Director, frsv@trifork.com, +41 79 357 73 17

About Trifork
Trifork is a pioneering global technology partner, empowering enterprise and public sector customers with innovative solutions. With 1,278 professionals across 76 business units in 15 countries, Trifork delivers expertise in inspiring, building, and running advanced software solutions across diverse sectors, including public administration, healthcare, manufacturing, logistics, energy, financial services, retail, and real estate. Trifork Labs, the Group’s R&D hub, drives innovation by investing in and developing synergistic and high-potential technology companies. Trifork Group AG is a publicly listed company on Nasdaq Copenhagen. Learn more at trifork.com.

Attachment

CA_2_25 PDMR

The MIL Network –

January 25, 2025

MIL-OSI: AvePoint Submits Application for Dual Listing on the Singapore Exchange

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

SINGAPORE, Jan. 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — AvePoint (Nasdaq: AVPT), the global leader in data security, governance, and resilience, has submitted an application to list its shares of common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Shares”), on the Main Board of the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited (the “SGX-ST”). The Company’s Shares currently trade on the Nasdaq Global Select Market, and if such application is approved would also trade on the SGX-ST.

“Our application to list AvePoint’s common stock on the Singapore Exchange – which would be in addition to our current and continuing listing on Nasdaq – aligns with our ongoing strategy to broaden our presence in the APAC region, where we have a long and successful track record,” said Dr. Tianyi Jiang (TJ), CEO and Co-Founder, AvePoint. “We established a presence in Singapore in 2009, and since then have fostered strong relationships with governmental organizations and corporations in the region; today, Singapore serves as our Asia headquarters and International R&D Hub. Finally, we believe that our consistent execution and strong financial performance, both globally and particularly in APAC, will make us attractive to APAC-focused investors seeking in-region high quality B2B SaaS opportunities.”

No final decision or commitment has been made as to the timing, terms or conditions of any such listing on the SGX-ST, and the Company may decide to not proceed with an SGX-ST listing of its Shares.

This press release shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer or an invitation to buy any securities of the Company, nor shall there be any offer or sale of the securities in any state or other jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to the registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such state or other jurisdiction.

About AvePoint:

Securing the Future. AvePoint is a global leader in data security, governance, and resilience, and over 21,000 customers worldwide rely on our solutions to modernize the digital workplace across Microsoft, Google, Salesforce and other collaboration environments. AvePoint’s global channel partner program includes over 3,500 managed service providers, value added resellers and systems integrators, with our solutions available in more than 100 cloud marketplaces. To learn more, visit http://www.avepoint.com.

Forward-Looking Statements:

This press release contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and other federal securities laws including statements regarding the future performance of and market opportunities for AvePoint. These forward-looking statements generally are identified by the words “believe,” “project,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “strategy,” “future,” “opportunity,” “plan,” “may,” “should,” “will,” “would,” “will be,” “will continue,” “will likely result,” and similar expressions. Forward-looking statements are predictions, projections and other statements about future events that are based on current expectations and assumptions and, as a result, are subject to risks and uncertainties. Many factors could cause actual future events to differ materially from the forward-looking statements in this press release, including but not limited to: changes in the competitive and regulated industries in which AvePoint operates, variations in operating performance across competitors, changes in laws and regulations affecting AvePoint’s business and changes in AvePoint’s ability to implement business plans, forecasts, and ability to identify and realize additional opportunities, and the risk of downturns in the market and the technology industry. You should carefully consider the foregoing factors and the other risks and uncertainties described in the “Risk Factors” section of AvePoint’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Copies of these and other documents filed by AvePoint from time to time are available on the SEC’s website, http://www.sec.gov. These filings identify and address other important risks and uncertainties that could cause actual events and results to differ materially from those contained in the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. Readers are cautioned not to put undue reliance on forward-looking statements, and AvePoint does not assume any obligation and does not intend to update or revise these forward-looking statements after the date of this release, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise, except as required by law. AvePoint does not give any assurance that it will achieve its expectations. Unless the context otherwise indicates, references in this press release to the terms “AvePoint”, “the Company”, “we”, “our” and “us” refer to AvePoint, Inc. and its subsidiaries.

Disclosure Information:

AvePoint uses the https://www.avepoint.com/ir website as a means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with its disclosure obligations under Regulation FD.

Investor Contact
AvePoint
Jamie Arestia
ir@avepoint.com
(551) 220-5654

Media Contact
AvePoint
Nicole Caci
pr@avepoint.com
(201) 201-8143

The MIL Network –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI: Blockmate investee Hivello enters strategic partnership with AIxBlock for AI apps to access decentralised computing power

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

TORONTO, Jan. 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Blockmate Ventures Inc (TSX.V: MATE) (OTCQB: MATEF) (FSE: 8MH1) (“Blockmate” or the “Company”) is pleased to announce that its investee, Hivello Holdings Ltd has partnered with artificial intelligence development platform AIxBlock to integrate decentralized computing power into AI applications.

AIxBlock operates at the intersection of artificial intelligence and Web3 technologies, offering a comprehensive development platform to build, train & deploy AI models that typically have high computing power requirements to function optimally. The AIxBlock ecosystem features an end-to-end AI development platform, a compute marketplace, dataset marketplace, and human resources for AI. These computing products cater to businesses and individuals transitioning into decentralized technologies.

With the Hivello platform offering its users a passive income stream in exchange for their unutilised computing power, Hivello will extend these capabilities into the AIxBlock, enabling their users to leverage a substantial network of decentralized computing power.

Justin Rosenberg, CEO of Blockmate Ventures, commented, “With the rise of AI, many of the most innovative apps require a substantial amount of computing power which can be costly to access via traditional data centres. But through this partnership, Hivello and AIxBlock aim to unlock new possibilities in both the decentralized computing space and AI space by providing developers an alternative to centralized data centres while giving Hivello users even more opportunities to rent out their unused computing power for passive income”.

Below is the press release from Hivello:

Hivello + AIxblock: Decentralized AI Meets Simplified Node Management

London & Amsterdam, January 23, 2025 – Hivello, a platform simplifying decentralized node management for non-technical users, and AIxBlock, a fully decentralized AI development platform redefining the AI compute and dataset marketplace, have announced a strategic partnership.

AIxBlock operates at the intersection of artificial intelligence and Web3 technologies, offering a comprehensive development platform to build, train & deploy AI models. With its foundation built on the Solana blockchain and its $1 million/year enterprise contract in place, AIxBlock is bridging the gap between traditional Web2 enterprises and the emerging Web3 landscape. Its ecosystem features an end-to-end AI development platform seamlessly integrated with decentralized resources, including a compute marketplace, dataset marketplace, and human resources for AI—catering to businesses and individuals transitioning into decentralized technologies.

Hivello, on the other hand, has revolutionized the process of running decentralized nodes, making it simple and accessible to non-technical users. Hivello is targeting 100,000 users within the next year. By allowing individuals with spare computing resources to participate in decentralized infrastructure, Hivello empowers everyday users to contribute to DePIN (decentralized physical infrastructure networks) projects.

Through this partnership, Hivello and AIxBlock aim to unlock new possibilities in the decentralized compute space by integrating their offerings. AIxBlock’s compute marketplace, which primarily relies on enterprise-level providers, could potentially incorporate Hivello’s decentralized compute power from individual GPU providers. This would enable a truly decentralized model, offering scalability, accessibility, and efficiency in AI compute solutions.

As the two companies continue to explore integration possibilities and expand their shared vision, users and enterprises can look forward to a future where participation in AI and decentralized technologies is accessible to everyone—regardless of technical expertise.

“AIxBlock is taking charge in transitioning AI-driven enterprises from Web2 to Web3, and we’re excited to collaborate with them on this journey,” said Domenic Carosa, Co-founder & Chairman of Hivello. “Our shared vision is to create a decentralized infrastructure that is accessible to all, bridging the gap between web3 and everyday users.”

Ha Dao, CEO & Co-Founder AIxBlock, echoed the sentiment: “Hivello’s expertise in node management complements our vision of decentralizing AI compute power. Together, we can create an ecosystem that empowers individuals and businesses alike to contribute to and benefit from the Web3 economy.”

About Blockmate Ventures Inc.

Blockmate Ventures is a venture creator focussing on building fast growing technology businesses relating to cutting edge sectors such as blockchain, AI and renewable energy. Working with prospective founders, projects in incubation can benefit from the Blockmate ecosystem that offers tech, services, integrations and advice to accelerate the incubation of projects towards monetization. Recent projects include Hivello (download the free passive income app at http://www.hivello.com) and Sunified, digitising solar energy.

The leadership team at Blockmate Ventures have successfully founded successful tech companies from the Dotcom era through to the social media era. Learn more about being a Blockmate at: http://www.blockmate.com.

Blockmate welcomes investors to join the Company’s mailing list for the latest updates and industry research by subscribing at https://www.blockmate.com/subscribe.
About Hivello
Hivello is an aggregator of DePIN projects that allows any user to participate in a variety of DePIN networks with just a few clicks. This eliminates the technical hurdles that many users face when trying to join these networks, and allows users to generate an extra source of income by mobilizing their idle computers. We aim to create a simple app that allows users to contribute their computer resources with no technical knowledge required. It’s as easy as downloading, installing, and running nodes, making complex technologies accessible and beneficial to all.
For more information about Hivello and to stay updated on its developments, visit http://www.hivello.com

About Alxblock
AIxBlock – End-to-end AI development platform that empowers AI businesses to build, fine-tune, and deploy models using decentralized resources—including compute, models, datasets, and human labelers. Unlike others, we allow users to self-host the platform on their own infrastructure in minutes, with no manual configuration required.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Justin Rosenberg, CEO
Blockmate Ventures Inc
justin@blockmate.com
(+1-580-262-6130)

Neither the TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release

Forward-Looking Information
This news release contains “forward-looking statements” or “forward-looking information” (collectively, “forward-looking statements”) within the meaning of applicable securities legislation. All statements, other than statements of historical fact, are forward-looking statements and are based on the assumptions, expectations, estimates and projections as of the date of this news release. Forward-looking statements are subject to a variety of known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual events or results to differ from those expressed or implied by forward-looking statements contained herein. There can be no assurance that such statements will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such statements. Raindrop disclaims any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether because of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required by applicable securities laws. Readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.

The MIL Network –

January 25, 2025

MIL-OSI: Meridian Corporation Reports Fourth Quarter 2024 Results and Announces a Quarterly Dividend of $0.125 per Common Share

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

MALVERN, Pa., Jan. 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Meridian Corporation (Nasdaq: MRBK) today reported:

	Three Months Ended				Year Ended
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)(Unaudited)	December 31, 2024		September 30, 2024		December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Income:
Net income	$	5,601	$	4,743	$	16,346	$	13,243
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.49	$	0.42	$	1.45	$	1.16
Pre-tax, pre-provision income⁽¹⁾	$	11,168	$	8,527	$	33,186	$	23,782
(1) See Non-GAAP reconciliation in the Appendix

Net income for the quarter ended December 31, 2024 was $5.6 million, or $0.49 per diluted share and $16.3 million, or $1.45 per diluted share, for the year.
Pre-tax, pre-provision income¹ for the quarter and the year were $11.2 million and $33.2 million, respectively.
Net interest margin was 3.29% for the fourth quarter of 2024, with a loan yield of 7.17%. Net interest margin was 3.16% with a loan yield of 7.28% for the year.
Return on average assets and return on average equity for the fourth quarter of 2024 were 0.92% and 13.01%, respectively, and 0.70% and 9.93% for the year.
During the quarter a net gain of $4.0 million was recognized on the sale of $6.6 million in residential mortgage loan servicing rights held at amortized cost and, a $317 thousand gain was recognized on the sale of a $1.7 million OREO property.
Fees and other disposal costs of $1.0 million, net, were recognized during the quarter for the early termination of the Blue Bell lease.
Total assets at December 31, 2024 were $2.4 billion, compared to $2.4 billion at September 30, 2024 and $2.2 billion at December 31, 2023.
Commercial loans, excluding leases, increased $34.8 million, or 2% for the quarter and $177.1 million, or 12% year over year.
Fourth quarter deposit growth was $26.4 million, or 1%, and $181.9 million, or 10% year over year.
Non-interest-bearing deposits were up $3.7 million or 2%, quarter over quarter, and $1.6 million or 1%, year over year.
On January 23, 2025, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.125 per common share, payable February 18, 2025 to shareholders of record as of February 10, 2025.

Christopher J. Annas, Chairman and CEO commented:

Our fourth quarter earnings showed significant improvement from the third quarter, increasing by 18.1% to $5.6 million, or $0.49 per share. For the year, net income increased 23.4% to $16.3 million, and $1.45 per share. While we are pleased with the improvement, we are still working through the drastic rate shock brought on by the Fed, particularly in our net interest margin which is down 50 basis points from 2019 levels. The team is working diligently each day to return to historical spreads.

Loan growth of 12% (minus planned lease paydowns) for 2024 was exceptional, and our three main lending groups all contributed. Commercial real estate is benefiting from a continued lack of homes for sale, and our C&I and SBA teams are winning client relationships with persistence and creative advisory. Legacy low fixed-rate loans often made it unprofitable for us to solicit business from prospects. Deposits were up nearly 10%, mostly from money market accounts that can be rate-adjusted anytime.

The mortgage group had significant improvement, with a $4.1 million pre-tax income versus a large loss in 2023. The hard cuts we made in the cyclical slowdown have given us much operational leverage and allows us to pivot quickly based on market conditions. Part of the cuts included prepaying a major lease at a discount and allowing many operations personnel to work from home. The Philadelphia metro region is still very low in housing inventory, which stymied an even bigger improvement in our business.

Our wealth segment had a banner year with pre-tax income nearly doubling to $2.4 million. Strong growth in assets under management along with better stock market returns were the big contributors. We will devote more resources to wealth in 2025 to leverage our brand and deepen relationships with our commercial customers for referrals.

We are encouraged by the new administration and communications about reduced regulatory burdens and prospects for economic growth. Our regulatory costs are substantial and, quite frankly, make little sense for a bank our size that is not systemically significant. We are hopeful that new and broader thinking can help banks like Meridian to better serve their markets and produce better returns for shareholders.

Select Condensed Financial Information

	As of or for the three months ended (Unaudited)
	December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			June 30, 2024			March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
	(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
Income:
Net income	$	5,601		$	4,743		$	3,326		$	2,676		$	571
Basic earnings per common share		0.50			0.43			0.30			0.24			0.05
Diluted earnings per common share		0.49			0.42			0.30			0.24			0.05
Net interest income		19,299			18,242			16,846			16,609			16,942

Balance Sheet:
Total assets	$	2,385,867		$	2,387,721		$	2,351,584		$	2,292,923		$	2,246,193
Loans, net of fees and costs		2,030,437			2,008,396			1,988,535			1,956,315			1,895,806
Total deposits		2,005,368			1,978,927			1,915,436			1,900,696			1,823,462
Non-interest bearing deposits		240,858			237,207			224,040			220,581			239,289
Stockholders’ equity		171,522			167,450			162,382			159,936			158,022

Balance Sheet Average Balances:
Total assets	$	2,434,270		$	2,373,261		$	2,319,295		$	2,269,047		$	2,219,340
Total interest earning assets		2,342,651			2,277,523			2,222,177			2,173,212			2,121,068
Loans, net of fees and costs		2,029,739			1,997,574			1,972,740			1,944,187			1,891,170
Total deposits		2,043,505			1,960,145			1,919,954			1,823,523			1,820,532
Non-interest bearing deposits		259,118			246,310			229,040			233,255			254,025
Stockholders’ equity		171,214			165,309			162,119			159,822			157,210

Performance Ratios (Annualized):
Return on average assets		0.92	%		0.80	%		0.58	%		0.47	%		0.10	%
Return on average equity		13.01	%		11.41	%		8.25	%		6.73	%		1.44	%

Income Statement – Fourth Quarter 2024 Compared to Third Quarter 2024

Fourth quarter net income increased $858 thousand, or 18.1%, to $5.6 million due to increased net interest income, combined with increased non-interest income which included a gain of $4.0 million on the sale of mortgage servicing rights, along with a $317 thousand gain on sale of a residential property included in other real estate owned. These increases were largely offset by a quarterly provision for credit losses that was higher by $1.3 million and an increase in non-interest expense of $865 thousand, or 4.2%, which was impacted by the early termination of the Blue Bell lease. Detailed explanations of the major categories of income and expense follow below.

Net Interest income

The rate/volume analysis table below analyzes dollar changes in the components of interest income and interest expense as they relate to the change in balances (volume) and the change in interest rates (rate) of tax-equivalent net interest income for the periods indicated and allocated by rate and volume. Changes in interest income and/or expense related to changes attributable to both volume and rate have been allocated proportionately based on the relationship of the absolute dollar amount of the change in each category.

	Three Months Ended
(dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2024		September 30, 2024		$ Change			% Change		Change due to rate			Change due to volume
Interest income:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	801	$	416	$	385		92.5	%	$	(52	)	$	437
Investment securities – taxable		1,684		1,480		204		13.8	%		124			80
Investment securities – tax exempt⁽¹⁾		397		397		—		—	%		5			(5	)
Loans held for sale		565		766		(201	)	(26.2	)%		(49	)		(152	)
Loans held for investment⁽¹⁾		36,666		37,339		(673	)	(1.8	)%		(1,268	)		595
Total loans		37,231		38,105		(874	)	(2.3	)%		(1,317	)		443
Total interest income	$	40,113	$	40,398	$	(285	)	(0.7	)%	$	(1,240	)	$	955
Interest expense:
Interest-bearing demand deposits	$	1,244	$	1,390	$	(146	)	(10.5	)%	$	(234	)	$	88
Money market and savings deposits		8,266		8,391		(125	)	(1.5	)%		(934	)		809
Time deposits		8,831		9,532		(701	)	(7.4	)%		(465	)		(236	)
Total interest – bearing deposits		18,341		19,313		(972	)	(5.0	)%		(1,633	)		661
Borrowings		1,608		1,985		(377	)	(19.0	)%		(10	)		(367	)
Subordinated debentures		780		779		1		0.1	%		—			1
Total interest expense		20,729		22,077		(1,348	)	(6.1	)%		(1,643	)		295
Net interest income differential	$	19,384	$	18,321	$	1,063		5.80	%	$	403		$	660
(1) Reflected on a tax-equivalent basis.

Interest income decreased $285 thousand quarter-over-quarter on a tax equivalent basis, driven by rate changes, particularly in the loan portfolio. The overall yield on earnings assets decreased 25 basis points during the period, impacting interest income by $1.2 million. This decrease was significantly offset by favorable volume changes as the level of average earning assets increased by $65.1 million contributing $955 thousand to lessen the interest income decrease.

Average total loans, excluding residential loans for sale, increased $32.5 million resulting in an increase due to volume in interest income of $595 thousand. The largest drivers of this increase were commercial, commercial real estate, and small business loans which on a combined basis increased $40.4 million on average, partially offset by a decrease in average leases of $11.4 million. Home equity, residential real estate, consumer and other loans held in portfolio increased on a combined basis $3.2 million on average. The yield on total loans decreased 24 basis points, and the yield on cash and investments increased 6 basis points on a combined basis.

Total interest expense decreased $1.3 million, quarter-over-quarter, due to a lower volume of time deposits and borrowings, combined with a decrease in the cost of all deposit types, despite a higher level of interest-bearing and money market deposits. Interest expense on total deposits decreased $972 thousand and interest expense on borrowings decreased $377 thousand. During the period, interest-bearing deposits and money market accounts increased $8.8 million and $81.4 million on average, respectively, while time deposits decreased $19.7 million on average. Borrowings decreased $29.7 million on average. Overall increase in interest expense on deposits due to volume changes was $661 thousand.

The cost of interest-bearing deposits decreased 35 basis points driven by certain money market funds and wholesale time deposits which repriced at lower costs. The total decrease in interest expense on deposits attributable to rate changes was $1.6 million. Overall the net interest margin increased 9 basis points to 3.29% as the cost of funds decline outpaced the decline in yield on earning assets, and non-interest bearing balances increased $14.2 million on average.

Provision for Credit Losses

The overall provision for credit losses for the fourth quarter increased $1.3 million to $3.6 million, from $2.3 million in the third quarter. The provision for funded loans increased $1.6 million and the provision on unfunded loan commitments decreased $331 thousand during the current quarter. The fourth quarter provision for funded loans of $3.6 million increased from the prior quarter due largely to an increase of $5.0 million in net charge-offs and was positively impacted by favorable changes in certain portfolio baseline loss rates.

Non-interest income

The following table presents the components of non-interest income for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			$ Change			% Change
Mortgage banking income	$	5,516		$	6,474		$	(958	)	(14.8	)%
Wealth management income		1,527			1,447			80		5.5	%
SBA loan income		1,143			544			599		110.1	%
Earnings on investment in life insurance		224			222			2		0.9	%
Gain on sale of MSRs		3,992			—			3,992		100.0	%
Net change in the fair value of derivative instruments		(146	)		(102	)		(44	)	43.1	%
Net change in the fair value of loans held-for-sale		(163	)		169			(332	)	(196.4	)%
Net change in the fair value of loans held-for-investment		(552	)		965			(1,517	)	(157.2	)%
Net (loss) gain on hedging activity		192			(197	)		389		(197.5	)%
Net loss on sale of investment securities available-for-sale		2			(57	)		59		(103.5	)%
Other		1,545			1,366			179		13.1	%
Total non-interest income	$	13,280		$	10,831		$	2,449		22.6	%

Total non-interest income increased $2.4 million, or 22.6%, quarter-over-quarter after recognizing a gain of $4.0 million on the sale of $6.6 million in residential mortgage loan servicing rights; change in gains of $389 thousand in hedging activity; and a $317 thousand gain on the sale of a $1.7 million residential OREO property, which is recorded in other non-interest income. In addition, SBA income increased $599 thousand due largely to a higher level of SBA loan sales. SBA loans sold for the quarter-ended December 31, 2024 totaled $19.9 million, up $8.0 million, or 67.4%, compared to the quarter-ended September 30, 2024. The gross margin on SBA sales was 7.5% for the quarter, down from 7.9% for the previous quarter. These gains were partially offset by unfavorable portfolio fair value changes of $1.9 million combined, and lower levels of mortgage banking income, which decreased $1.0 million, or 14.8%. Mortgage loan sales decreased $29.8 million or 12.1% quarter over quarter driving lower gain on sale income at a slightly lower margin.

Non-interest expense

The following table presents the components of non-interest expense for the periods indicated:

	Three Months Ended
(Dollars in thousands)	December 31, 2024		September 30, 2024		$ Change			% Change
Salaries and employee benefits	$	12,429	$	12,829	$	(400	)	(3.1	)%
Occupancy and equipment		2,270		1,243		1,027		82.6	%
Professional fees		1,134		1,106		28		2.5	%
Data processing and software		1,553		1,553		—		—	%
Advertising and promotion		839		717		122		17.0	%
Pennsylvania bank shares tax		243		181		62		34.3	%
Other		2,943		2,917		26		0.9	%
Total non-interest expense	$	21,411	$	20,546	$	865		4.2	%

Occupancy and equipment expense increased $1.0 million, net, due to fees, credits and other disposal costs for the early termination of the Blue Bell lease. The lease termination is expected to improve occupancy expense by $359 thousand per year. Advertising and promotion, which includes business development with other expenses, were up $148 thousand due to seasonal events. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in salaries and benefits of $400 thousand. Bank and wealth segments combined increased $5 thousand, while the mortgage segment decreased $405 thousand. Mortgage segment salaries, commissions, and employee benefits expense are impacted by volume and decreased commensurate with the lower levels of originations, which were down $36.1 million over the prior quarter.

Balance Sheet – December 31, 2024 Compared to September 30, 2024

Total assets decreased $1.9 million, or 0.1%, to $2.4 billion as of December 31, 2024 from $2.4 billion at September 30, 2024. Despite continued strong loan growth during the quarter, total assets decreased due to the decline in mortgage loans held for sale and the sale of mortgage servicing rights. Interest-bearing cash increased $2.1 million, or 10.4%, to $21.9 million as of December 31, 2024, from September 30, 2024.

Portfolio loan growth was $22.8 million, or 1.1% quarter-over-quarter. The portfolio growth was generated from commercial mortgage loans which increased $23.0 million, or 2.9%, construction loans which increased $9.0 million, or 3.6%, commercial & industrial loans which increased $3.5 million, or 1.0%. Lease financings decreased $10.7 million, or 12.4% from September 30, 2024, partially offsetting the above noted loan growth, but this decline was expected as we continue to refocus away from lease originations.

Total deposits increased $26.4 million, or 1.3% quarter-over-quarter, due largely to higher levels of money market accounts and interest bearing demand deposits to a lesser degree. Money market accounts and savings accounts increased a combined $90.7 million, while interest bearing demand deposits increased $8.0 million. Time deposits decreased $75.9 million from largely wholesale efforts. Non-interest bearing deposits increased $3.7 million. Overall borrowings decreased $20.4 million, or 14.1% quarter-over-quarter.

Total stockholders’ equity increased by $4.1 million from September 30, 2024, to $171.5 million as of December 31, 2024. Changes to equity for the current quarter included net income of $5.6 million, less dividends paid of $1.4 million, offset by a decrease of $876 thousand in other comprehensive income. The Community Bank Leverage Ratio for the Bank was 9.21% at December 31, 2024.

Asset Quality Summary

Non-performing loans decreased $18 thousand to $45.1 million at December 31, 2024 compared to $45.1 million at September 30, 2024. As a result of the decrease, the ratio of non-performing loans to total loans decreased 1 bps to 2.19% as of December 31, 2024, from 2.20% as of September 30, 2024. During the quarter a $1.7 million residential property in OREO was sold, reducing non-performing assets by $1.7 million. As a result, the ratio of non-performing assets to total assets decreased 7 bps to 1.90% as of December 31, 2024, compared to 1.97% as of September 30, 2024. The decrease in non-performing loans was primarily due to the partial charge-off of a commercial loan relationship discussed below, largely offset by an increase in non-performing construction loans.

Meridian realized net charge-offs of 0.34% of total average loans for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, up from 0.11% for the quarter ended September 30, 2024. Net charge-offs increased to $7.1 million for the quarter ended December 31, 2024, compared to net charge-offs of $2.3 million for the quarter ended September 30, 2024. Fourth quarter charge-offs consisted of $3.5 million in charge-offs on a protracted commercial advertising loan relationship, $1.3 million of small ticket equipment leases which are charged-off after becoming more than 120 days past due, and $1.7 million in SBA loans. Overall there were recoveries of $315 thousand, largely related to leases and small business loans.

The ratio of allowance for credit losses to total loans held for investment, excluding loans at fair value (a non-GAAP measure, see reconciliation in the Appendix), was 0.91% as of December 31, 2024, a decrease from the coverage ratio of 1.10% as of September 30, 2024 due largely to the level of charge-offs in the quarter discussed above. As of December 31, 2024 there were specific reserves of $2.7 million against individually evaluated loans, a decrease of $4.1 million from $6.8 million in specific reserves as of September 30, 2024. The specific reserve decline over the prior quarter was the result of the commercial loan relationship specific reserve charge-off, combined with specific reserve charge-offs on SBA loans, while new specific reserves were established on additional SBA loans in the current quarter.

About Meridian Corporation

Meridian Bank, the wholly owned subsidiary of Meridian Corporation, is an innovative community bank serving Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware and Maryland. Through its 18 offices, including banking branches and mortgage locations, Meridian offers a full suite of financial products and services. Meridian specializes in business and industrial lending, retail and commercial real estate lending, electronic payments, and wealth management solutions through Meridian Wealth Partners. Meridian also offers a broad menu of high-yield depository products supported by robust online and mobile access. For additional information, visit our website at http://www.meridianbanker.com. Member FDIC.

“Safe Harbor” Statement

In addition to historical information, this press release may contain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include statements with respect to Meridian Corporation’s strategies, goals, beliefs, expectations, estimates, intentions, capital raising efforts, financial condition and results of operations, future performance and business. Statements preceded by, followed by, or that include the words “may,” “could,” “should,” “pro forma,” “looking forward,” “would,” “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “plan,” or similar expressions generally indicate a forward-looking statement. These forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties that are subject to change based on various important factors (some of which, in whole or in part, are beyond Meridian Corporation’s control). Numerous competitive, economic, regulatory, legal and technological factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially include, without limitation, credit losses and the credit risk of our commercial and consumer loan products; changes in the level of charge-offs and changes in estimates of the adequacy of the allowance for credit losses, or ACL; cyber-security concerns; rapid technological developments and changes; increased competitive pressures; changes in spreads on interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities; changes in general economic conditions and conditions within the securities markets; unanticipated changes in our liquidity position; unanticipated changes in regulatory and governmental policies impacting interest rates and financial markets; legislation affecting the financial services industry as a whole, and Meridian Corporation, in particular; changes in accounting policies, practices or guidance; developments affecting the industry and the soundness of financial institutions and further disruption to the economy and U.S. banking system; among others, could cause Meridian Corporation’s financial performance to differ materially from the goals, plans, objectives, intentions and expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements. Meridian Corporation cautions that the foregoing factors are not exclusive, and neither such factors nor any such forward-looking statement takes into account the impact of any future events. All forward-looking statements and information set forth herein are based on management’s current beliefs and assumptions as of the date hereof and speak only as of the date they are made. For a more complete discussion of the assumptions, risks and uncertainties related to our business, you are encouraged to review Meridian Corporation’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and subsequently filed quarterly reports on Form 10-Q and current reports on Form 8-K that update or provide information in addition to the information included in the Form 10-K and Form 10-Q filings, if any. Meridian Corporation does not undertake to update any forward-looking statement whether written or oral, that may be made from time to time by Meridian Corporation or by or on behalf of Meridian Bank.

MERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES FINANCIAL RATIOS (Unaudited) (Dollar amounts and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
	Three Months Ended
	December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			June 30, 2024			March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Earnings and Per Share Data:
Net income	$	5,601		$	4,743		$	3,326		$	2,676		$	571
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.50		$	0.43		$	0.30		$	0.24		$	0.05
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.49		$	0.42		$	0.30		$	0.24		$	0.05
Common shares outstanding		11,240			11,229			11,191			11,186			11,183

Performance Ratios:
Return on average assets⁽²⁾		0.92	%		0.80	%		0.58	%		0.47	%		0.10	%
Return on average equity⁽²⁾		13.01			11.41			8.25			6.73			1.44
Net interest margin (tax-equivalent)⁽²⁾		3.29			3.20			3.06			3.09			3.18
Yield on earning assets (tax-equivalent)⁽²⁾		6.81			7.06			6.98			6.90			6.81
Cost of funds⁽²⁾		3.71			4.05			4.10			4.00			3.81
Efficiency ratio		65.72	%		70.67	%		72.89	%		73.90	%		78.63	%

Asset Quality Ratios:
Net charge-offs (recoveries) to average loans		0.34	%		0.11	%		0.20	%		0.12	%		0.11	%
Non-performing loans to total loans		2.19			2.20			1.84			1.93			1.76
Non-performing assets to total assets		1.90			1.97			1.68			1.74			1.58
Allowance for credit losses to:
Total loans and other finance receivables		0.91			1.09			1.09			1.18			1.17
Total loans and other finance receivables (excluding loans at fair value)⁽¹⁾		0.91			1.10			1.10			1.19			1.17
Non-performing loans		40.86	%		48.66	%		57.66	%		60.59	%		65.48	%

Capital Ratios:
Book value per common share	$	15.26		$	14.91		$	14.51		$	14.30		$	14.13
Tangible book value per common share	$	14.93		$	14.58		$	14.17		$	13.96		$	13.78
Total equity/Total assets		7.19	%		7.01	%		6.91	%		6.98	%		7.04	%
Tangible common equity/Tangible assets – Corporation⁽¹⁾		7.05			6.87			6.76			6.82			6.87
Tangible common equity/Tangible assets – Bank⁽¹⁾		9.06			8.95			8.85			8.93			8.94
Tier 1 leverage ratio – Bank		9.21			9.32			9.33			9.42			9.46
Common tier 1 risk-based capital ratio – Bank		10.33			10.17			9.84			9.87			10.10
Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio – Bank		10.33			10.17			9.84			9.87			10.10
Total risk-based capital ratio – Bank		11.20	%		11.22	%		10.84	%		10.95	%		11.17	%
(1) See Non-GAAP reconciliation in the Appendix
(2) Annualized

MERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (Unaudited) (Dollar amounts and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
	Three Months Ended									Year Ended
	December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			December 31, 2023			December 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Interest income:
Loans and other finance receivables, including fees	$	37,229		$	38,103		$	34,469		$	147,157		$	130,081
Securities – taxable		1,684			1,480			1,020			5,739			3,873
Securities – tax-exempt		314			320			331			1,283			1,369
Cash and cash equivalents		801			416			526			1,848			1,266
Total interest income		40,028			40,319			36,346			156,027			136,589
Interest expense:
Deposits		18,341			19,313			16,806			74,037			57,819
Borrowings and subordinated debentures		2,388			2,764			2,598			10,994			9,828
Total interest expense		20,729			22,077			19,404			85,031			67,647
Net interest income		19,299			18,242			16,942			70,996			68,942
Provision for credit losses		3,572			2,282			4,628			11,400			6,815
Net interest income after provision for credit losses		15,727			15,960			12,314			59,596			62,127
Non-interest income:
Mortgage banking income		5,516			6,474			3,394			21,044			16,537
Wealth management income		1,527			1,447			1,239			5,735			4,928
SBA loan income		1,143			544			1,022			3,458			4,485
Earnings on investment in life insurance		224			222			204			868			789
Gain on sale of MSRs		3,992			—			—			3,992			—
Net change in the fair value of derivative instruments		(146	)		(102	)		(126	)		30			91
Net change in the fair value of loans held-for-sale		(163	)		169			120			(25	)		32
Net change in the fair value of loans held-for-investment		(552	)		965			805			214			132
Net (loss) gain on hedging activity		192			(197	)		(53	)		(87	)		28
Net loss on sale of investment securities available-for-sale		2			(57	)		—			(55	)		(58	)
Other		1,545			1,366			1,512			6,166			5,001
Total non-interest income		13,280			10,831			8,117			41,339			31,965
Non-interest expense:
Salaries and employee benefits		12,429			12,829			11,744			47,268			47,377
Occupancy and equipment		2,270			1,243			1,232			5,976			4,842
Professional fees		1,134			1,106			1,382			4,767			4,312
Data processing and software		1,553			1,553			1,651			6,144			6,415
Advertising and promotion		839			717			931			3,293			3,730
Pennsylvania bank shares tax		243			181			233			972			968
Other		2,943			2,917			2,530			10,729			9,481
Total non-interest expense		21,411			20,546			19,703			79,149			77,125
Income before income taxes		7,596			6,245			728			21,786			16,967
Income tax expense		1,995			1,502			157			5,440			3,724
Net income	$	5,601		$	4,743		$	571		$	16,346		$	13,243

Basic earnings per common share	$	0.50		$	0.43		$	0.05		$	1.47		$	1.19
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.49		$	0.42		$	0.05		$	1.45		$	1.16

Basic weighted average shares outstanding		11,158			11,110			11,070			11,113			11,115
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		11,375			11,234			11,206			11,243			11,387

MERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CONDITION (Unaudited) (Dollar amounts and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
	December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			June 30, 2024			March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Assets:
Cash and due from banks	$	5,598		$	12,542		$	8,457		$	8,935		$	10,067
Interest-bearing deposits at other banks		21,864			19,805			15,601			14,092			46,630
Cash and cash equivalents		27,462			32,347			24,058			23,027			56,697
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value		174,304			171,568			159,141			150,996			146,019
Securities held-to-maturity, at amortized cost		33,771			33,833			35,089			35,157			35,781
Equity investments		2,086			2,166			2,088			2,092			2,121
Mortgage loans held for sale, at fair value		32,413			46,602			54,278			29,124			24,816
Loans and other finance receivables, net of fees and costs		2,030,437			2,008,396			1,988,535			1,956,315			1,895,806
Allowance for credit losses		(18,438	)		(21,965	)		(21,703	)		(23,171	)		(22,107	)
Loans and other finance receivables, net of the allowance for credit losses		2,011,999			1,986,431			1,966,832			1,933,144			1,873,699
Restricted investment in bank stock		7,753			8,542			10,044			8,560			8,072
Bank premises and equipment, net		12,151			12,807			13,114			13,451			13,557
Bank owned life insurance		29,712			29,489			29,267			29,051			28,844
Accrued interest receivable		9,958			10,012			9,973			9,864			9,325
Other real estate owned		159			1,862			1,862			1,703			1,703
Deferred income taxes		4,669			3,537			3,950			4,339			4,201
Servicing assets		4,382			4,364			11,341			11,573			11,748
Servicing assets held for sale		—			6,609			—			—			—
Goodwill		899			899			899			899			899
Intangible assets		2,767			2,818			2,869			2,920			2,971
Other assets		31,382			33,835			26,779			37,023			25,740
Total assets	$	2,385,867		$	2,387,721		$	2,351,584		$	2,292,923		$	2,246,193

Liabilities:
Deposits:
Non-interest bearing	$	240,858		$	237,207		$	224,040		$	220,581		$	239,289
Interest bearing
Interest checking		141,439			133,429			130,062			121,204			150,898
Money market and savings deposits		913,536			822,837			787,479			797,525			747,803
Time deposits		709,535			785,454			773,855			761,386			685,472
Total interest-bearing deposits		1,764,510			1,741,720			1,691,396			1,680,115			1,584,173
Total deposits		2,005,368			1,978,927			1,915,436			1,900,696			1,823,462
Borrowings		124,471			144,880			187,260			145,803			174,896
Subordinated debentures		49,743			49,928			49,897			49,867			49,836
Accrued interest payable		6,860			7,017			7,709			8,350			10,324
Other liabilities		27,903			39,519			28,900			28,271			29,653
Total liabilities		2,214,345			2,220,271			2,189,202			2,132,987			2,088,171

Stockholders’ equity:
Common stock		13,243			13,232			13,194			13,189			13,186
Surplus		81,545			81,002			80,639			80,487			80,325
Treasury stock		(26,079	)		(26,079	)		(26,079	)		(26,079	)		(26,079	)
Unearned common stock held by employee stock ownership plan		(1,006	)		(1,204	)		(1,204	)		(1,204	)		(1,204	)
Retained earnings		111,961			107,765			104,420			102,492			101,216
Accumulated other comprehensive loss		(8,142	)		(7,266	)		(8,588	)		(8,949	)		(9,422	)
Total stockholders’ equity		171,522			167,450			162,382			159,936			158,022
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	2,385,867		$	2,387,721		$	2,351,584		$	2,292,923		$	2,246,193

MERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME AND SEGMENT INFORMATION (Unaudited) (Dollar amounts and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)
	Three Months Ended
	December 31, 2024		September 30, 2024		June 30, 2024		March 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Interest income	$	40,028	$	40,319	$	38,465	$	37,215	$	36,346
Interest expense		20,729		22,077		21,619		20,606		19,404
Net interest income		19,299		18,242		16,846		16,609		16,942
Provision for credit losses		3,572		2,282		2,680		2,866		4,628
Non-interest income		13,280		10,831		9,244		7,984		8,117
Non-interest expense		21,411		20,546		19,018		18,174		19,703
Income before income tax expense		7,596		6,245		4,392		3,553		728
Income tax expense		1,995		1,502		1,066		877		157
Net Income	$	5,601	$	4,743	$	3,326	$	2,676	$	571

Basic weighted average shares outstanding		11,158		11,110		11,096		11,088		11,070
Basic earnings per common share	$	0.50	$	0.43	$	0.30	$	0.24	$	0.05

Diluted weighted average shares outstanding		11,375		11,234		11,150		11,201		11,206
Diluted earnings per common share	$	0.49	$	0.42	$	0.30	$	0.24	$	0.05

	Segment Information
	Three Months Ended December 31, 2024												Three Months Ended December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)	Bank			Wealth			Mortgage			Total			Bank			Wealth			Mortgage			Total
Net interest income	$	19,178		$	70		$	51		$	19,299		$	16,908		$	(15	)	$	49		$	16,942
Provision for credit losses		3,572			—			—			3,572			4,628			—			—			4,628
Net interest income after provision		15,606			70			51			15,727			12,280			(15	)		49			12,314
Non-interest income		2,669			1,527			9,084			13,280			2,051			1,239			4,827			8,117
Non-interest expense		13,641			1,026			6,744			21,411			13,202			957			5,544			19,703
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	4,634		$	571		$	2,391		$	7,596		$	1,129		$	267		$	(668	)	$	728
Efficiency ratio		62	%		64	%		74	%		66	%		70	%		78	%		114	%		79	%

	Year Ended December 31, 2024												Year Ended December 31, 2023
(dollars in thousands)	Bank			Wealth			Mortgage			Total			Bank			Wealth			Mortgage			Total
Net interest income	$	70,706		$	146		$	144		$	70,996		$	68,835		$	(27	)	$	134		$	68,942
Provision for credit losses		11,400			—			—			11,400			6,815			—			—			6,815
Net interest income after provision		59,306			146			144			59,596			62,020			(27	)		134			62,127
Non-interest income		7,576			5,735			28,028			41,339			7,743			4,928			19,294			31,965
Non-interest expense		51,584			3,506			24,059			79,149			48,827			3,661			24,637			77,125
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	15,298		$	2,375		$	4,113		$	21,786		$	20,936		$	1,240		$	(5,209	)	$	16,967
Efficiency ratio		66	%		60	%		85	%		70	%		64	%		75	%		127	%		76	%

MERIDIAN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
APPENDIX: NON-GAAP MEASURES (Unaudited)
(Dollar amounts and shares in thousands, except per share amounts)

Meridian believes that non-GAAP measures are meaningful because they reflect adjustments commonly made by management, investors, regulators and analysts. The non-GAAP disclosure have limitations as an analytical tool, should not be viewed as a substitute for performance and financial condition measures determined in accordance with GAAP, and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of Meridian’s results as reported under GAAP, nor is it necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other companies.

	Pre-tax, Pre-provision Reconciliation
	Three Months Ended						Year Ended
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data, Unaudited)	December 31, 2024		September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023		December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Income before income tax expense	$	7,596	$	6,245	$	728	$	21,786	$	16,967
Provision for credit losses		3,572		2,282		4,628		11,400		6,815
Pre-tax, pre-provision income	$	11,168	$	8,527	$	5,356	$	33,186	$	23,782

	Pre-tax, Pre-provision Reconciliation
	Three Months Ended							Year Ended
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data, Unaudited)	December 31, 2024		September 30, 2024		December 31, 2023			December 31, 2024		December 31, 2023
Bank	$	8,206	$	6,222	$	5,757		$	26,698	$	27,751
Wealth		571		653		267			2,375		1,240
Mortgage		2,391		1,652		(668	)		4,113		(5,209	)
Pre-tax, pre-provision income	$	11,168	$	8,527	$	5,356		$	33,186	$	23,782

	Allowance For Credit Losses (ACL) to Loans and Other Finance Receivables, Excluding and Loans at Fair Value
	December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			June 30, 2024			March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Allowance for credit losses (GAAP)	$	18,438		$	21,965		$	21,703		$	23,171		$	22,107

Loans and other finance receivables (GAAP)		2,030,437			2,008,396			1,988,535			1,956,315			1,895,806
Less: Loans at fair value		(14,501	)		(13,965	)		(12,900	)		(13,139	)		(13,726	)
Loans and other finance receivables, excluding loans at fair value (non-GAAP)	$	2,015,936		$	1,994,431		$	1,975,635		$	1,943,176		$	1,882,080

ACL to loans and other finance receivables (GAAP)		0.91	%		1.09	%		1.09	%		1.18	%		1.17	%
ACL to loans and other finance receivables, excluding loans at fair value (non-GAAP)		0.91	%		1.10	%		1.10	%		1.19	%		1.17	%

	Tangible Common Equity Ratio Reconciliation – Corporation
	December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			June 30, 2024			March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Total stockholders’ equity (GAAP)	$	171,522		$	167,450		$	162,382		$	159,936		$	158,022
Less: Goodwill and intangible assets		(3,666	)		(3,717	)		(3,768	)		(3,819	)		(3,870	)
Tangible common equity (non-GAAP)		167,856			163,733			158,614			156,117			154,152

Total assets (GAAP)		2,385,867			2,387,721			2,351,584			2,292,923			2,246,193
Less: Goodwill and intangible assets		(3,666	)		(3,717	)		(3,768	)		(3,819	)		(3,870	)
Tangible assets (non-GAAP)	$	2,382,201		$	2,384,004		$	2,347,816		$	2,289,104		$	2,242,323
Tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio – Corporation (non-GAAP)		7.05	%		6.87	%		6.76	%		6.82	%		6.87	%

	Tangible Common Equity Ratio Reconciliation – Bank
	December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			June 30, 2024			March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Total stockholders’ equity (GAAP)	$	219,119		$	217,028		$	211,308		$	208,319		$	204,132
Less: Goodwill and intangible assets		(3,666	)		(3,717	)		(3,768	)		(3,819	)		(3,870	)
Tangible common equity (non-GAAP)		215,453			213,311			207,540			204,500			200,262

Total assets (GAAP)		2,382,014			2,385,994			2,349,600			2,292,894			2,244,893
Less: Goodwill and intangible assets		(3,666	)		(3,717	)		(3,768	)		(3,819	)		(3,870	)
Tangible assets (non-GAAP)	$	2,378,348		$	2,382,277		$	2,345,832		$	2,289,075		$	2,241,023
Tangible common equity to tangible assets ratio – Bank (non-GAAP)		9.06	%		8.95	%		8.85	%		8.93	%		8.94	%


	Tangible Book Value Reconciliation
	December 31, 2024			September 30, 2024			June 30, 2024			March 31, 2024			December 31, 2023
Book value per common share	$	15.26		$	14.91		$	14.51		$	14.30		$	14.13
Less: Impact of goodwill /intangible assets		0.33			0.33			0.34			0.34			0.35
Tangible book value per common share	$	14.93		$	14.58		$	14.17		$	13.96		$	13.78

Contact:
Christopher J. Annas
484.568.5001
CAnnas@meridianbanker.com

The MIL Network –

January 25, 2025

MIL-OSI: MKS Instruments Completes Repricing on its Secured Term Loan B USD and EUR Tranches and Makes a $100 Million Voluntary Prepayment on its Secured Term Loan B USD

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

ANDOVER, Mass., Jan. 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — MKS Instruments, Inc. (NASDAQ: MKSI), a global provider of enabling technologies that transform our world, announced today that it successfully completed the repricing of its $2.5 billion and €0.6 billion secured tranche B term loans maturing in 2029. The repricing results in a reduction of the interest rate for the USD tranche B term loans from SOFR plus a margin of 225 basis points to SOFR plus 200 basis points and EUR tranche B term loans from EURIBOR plus a margin of 275 basis points to EURIBOR plus 250 basis points.

In addition, concurrently with the repricing, MKS made a voluntary prepayment of $100 million on its USD tranche B term loans, reducing the principal amount of USD tranche B term loans from $2.6 billion to $2.5 billion.

Based on the current interest rates, the annualized cash interest savings from the combined actions is approximately $15 million.

“We continue to demonstrate our commitment to deleveraging our balance sheet,” said Ram Mayampurath, Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. “Our latest term loan B repricing is one of many actions taken over the last 18 months to proactively seek opportunities to reduce costs and maximize free cash flow to repay debt.”

JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., Barclays Bank PLC, BofA Securities, Inc., Citibank, N.A., HSBC Securities (USA) Inc., Mizuho Bank, Ltd., Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., and PNC Bank, National Association acted as the joint lead arrangers and joint bookrunners for the tranche B term loan repricing.

About MKS Instruments
MKS Instruments enables technologies that transform our world. We deliver foundational technology solutions to leading edge semiconductor manufacturing, electronics and packaging, and specialty industrial applications. We apply our broad science and engineering capabilities to create instruments, subsystems, systems, process control solutions and specialty chemicals technology that improve process performance, optimize productivity and enable unique innovations for many of the world’s leading technology and industrial companies. Our solutions are critical to addressing the challenges of miniaturization and complexity in advanced device manufacturing by enabling increased power, speed, feature enhancement, and optimized connectivity. Our solutions are also critical to addressing ever-increasing performance requirements across a wide array of specialty industrial applications. Additional information can be found at http://www.mks.com.

SAFE HARBOR FOR FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This press release contains a forward-looking statement within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, Section 27 of the Securities Act, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act regarding MKS’ cash interest savings. This statement is only a prediction based on current assumptions and expectations. Actual events or results, including changes in interest rates, may differ materially from those in the forward-looking statement set forth herein. Readers are referred to MKS’ filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including its most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K and any subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for a discussion of these and other important risk factors concerning MKS and its operations. MKS is under no obligation to, and expressly disclaims any obligation to, update or alter its forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Company Contact:
Paretosh Misra
Vice President, Investor Relations
Telephone: (978) 284-4705
Email: paretosh.misra@mksinst.com

The MIL Network –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI: Fusion Fuel Provides Update on Gas Business, Announces Key Developments in Middle East Operations

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

DUBLIN, Jan. 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — via IBN – Fusion Fuel Green PLC (Nasdaq: HTOO) (“Fusion Fuel” or the “Company”), a leading provider of full-service energy engineering and advisory solutions, is pleased to announce several significant developments in its Al Shola Gas (“Al Shola”) subsidiary, which continues to serve as a core driver of growth and profitability for the Company.

Between November 2024 and January 2025, Al Shola secured new orders and renewals valued at approximately USD $3.5 million. These include the renewal of an exclusive LPG supply contract in the residential sector and multiple supply and installation projects across diverse customer segments, such as manufacturing, hospitality, and construction.

Commenting on the commercial progress, JP Backwell, CEO of Fusion Fuel, said: “Our gas business continues to generate meaningful cash flows in its core markets in the Middle East, representing a strong and profitable foundation for Fusion Fuel. The recent orders and renewals underscore the trust our customers place in us and our ability to deliver both fuel and value-added solutions safely and reliably. Looking ahead, we see tremendous potential for growth with additional investment in our infrastructure, particularly to expand our bulk LPG supply capabilities. We are excited about the opportunity to broaden our geographical reach, expand our service offerings, and increase our capacity, which we believe will unlock new revenue streams and enable us to meet the growing demand from our customers, both in the Middle East and beyond. With our Al Shola Gas and BrightHy operating businesses, Fusion Fuel is well-positioned to drive sustainable growth and create long-term value for our shareholders by delivering innovative energy solutions across the full energy value chain.”

About Fusion Fuel Green plc

Fusion Fuel Green PLC (NASDAQ: HTOO) is an emerging leader in the energy services sector, offering a comprehensive suite of energy engineering and advisory solutions through its Al Shola Gas and BrightHy subsidiaries. Al Shola Gas provides full-service industrial gas solutions, including the design, supply, and maintenance of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) systems, as well as the transport and distribution of LPG to a broad range of customers across commercial, industrial, and residential sectors. BrightHy, the Company’s newly launched hydrogen solutions platform, focuses on delivering innovative engineering and advisory services that enable decarbonization across hard-to-abate industries.

Learn more about Fusion Fuel by visiting our website at https://www.fusion-fuel.eu and following us on LinkedIn.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release includes “forward-looking statements.” Forward-looking statements may be identified by the use of words such as “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “forecast,” “intend,” “will,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “seek,” “target”, “may”, “intend”, “predict”, “should”, “would”, “predict”, “potential”, “seem”, “future”, “outlook” or other similar expressions (or negative versions of such words or expressions) that predict or indicate future events or trends or that are not statements of historical matters. These forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, conditions or results, and involve a number of known and unknown risks, uncertainties, assumptions and other important factors, many of which are outside the Company’s control, that could cause actual results or outcomes to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Fusion Fuel has based these forward-looking statements largely on its current expectations, including but not limited the ability of the investment reported on to be consummated as anticipated. Such forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties (including those set forth in Fusion Fuel’s Annual Report on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2023, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission) which could cause actual results to differ from the forward-looking statements.

Investor Relations Contact
ir@fusion-fuel.eu

Wire Service Contact:
IBN
Austin, Texas
http://www.InvestorBrandNetwork.com
512.354.7000 Office
Editor@InvestorBrandNetwork.com

The MIL Network –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI: First Federal Savings Bank and ICBA Provide Tips to Safeguard Sensitive Information During Data Privacy Week Jan 24-28
Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

EVANSVILLE, Ind., Jan. 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — In recognition of Data Privacy Week, First Federal Savings Bank and the Independent Community Bankers of America® (ICBA) are reminding customers to take steps to safeguard their sensitive data and shield against financial losses in the event of a compromise or data breach. The global average cost of a data breach in 2024 was $4.88 million, a 10 percent increase over 2023 and the highest ever recorded.

“While there’s no fool-proof method to safeguard sensitive data, at First Federal Savings Bank, we believe that an important step in the fight against such attacks is arming customers with the proper protocols to reduce their exposure,” said Christy McBride, Chief Operations Officer & Information Security Officer, EVP. “As a community bank, First Federal Savings Bank uses sophisticated technology and monitoring techniques, intricate firewalls, and other methods to secure customer data. Additionally, we maintain stringent privacy policies and educate employees to treat confidential information with the utmost care.”

Reducing Your Risk
As a consumer you also can help minimize your risk by:
- Restricting use of public wi-fi and computers—These networks may be convenient but are not as secure. If you make purchases while away from your home or work network, use a virtual private network or mobile hotspot.
- Limiting disclosed information—Never respond to requests for personal information such as your banking ID, account number, username, or password, even if they appear to originate from your bank, government agencies or officials, or companies with which you have a relationship.
- Taking advantage of security features—Update your computer security software and apply software updates to your computer system, mobile devices, web browsers, and operating system regularly to defend against viruses, malware, and other online threats.
- Monitoring account activity—Carefully review bank statements, card transactions, and check your credit report regularly for unusual or unexplained charges, unknown accounts in your name, or unexpected denials on your card and report any suspicious activity to your bank immediately.
- Protecting each account with a unique, complex password—Use numbers and symbols at least 12 characters long along with using a password manager. Use multifactor authentication for accounts that allow it.
Responding to a Data Breach
In the unfortunate event of a data breach, to minimize your risk:
- Consider a security freeze on your credit report to restrict credit file access.
- Set up a fraud alert, which directs banks to verify your identity before opening a new account, issuing an additional card, or increasing the credit limit on an existing account.
- Shred documents with personal or sensitive information and change your passwords.
- Report stolen finances or identities and other cybercrime to the Internet Crime Complaint Center and to your local law enforcement and/or state attorney general.
Learn more about how to protect your digital life by visiting the Stay Safe Online website and spreading the word on social media with the hashtag #BeCyberSmart.

About First Federal Savings Bank Member FDIC

First Federal Savings Bank was established on Evansville, Indiana’s Westside in 1904. A community bank offering eight locations in Posey, Vanderburgh, Warrick, and Henderson County. First Federal Savings Bank is also proud to offer Home Building Savings Bank locations in Daviess and Pike County.

About ICBA

The Independent Community Bankers of America® has one mission: to create and promote an environment where community banks flourish. We power the potential of the nation’s community banks through effective advocacy, education, and innovation.

As local and trusted sources of credit, America’s community banks leverage their relationship-based business model and innovative offerings to channel deposits into the neighborhoods they serve, creating jobs, fostering economic prosperity, and fueling their customers’ financial goals and dreams. For more information, visit ICBA’s website at icba.org.

The MIL Network –
January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI: Key Tronic Corporation Awarded Major New Contract with Energy Resilience Technology Provider

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

SPOKANE VALLEY, Wash., Jan. 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Key Tronic Corporation (Nasdaq KTCC), a world class provider of manufacturing and design engineering services, today announced that it expects to begin manufacturing in the second half of 2025 for a market revolutionizing, innovative energy resilience technology provider.

Key Tronic has been awarded the manufacturing of an industry leading, innovative energy resiliency product. Initial production will ramp in late 2025 at the Key Tronic manufacturing campuses in Juarez, Mexico and Arkansas. Once fully ramped, Key Tronic believes the yearly revenue could exceed $60 million dollars.

“We are looking forward to the design and manufacturing expertise of Key Tronic to help accelerate introduction of new products, as well as enhance our ability to increase product availability to fulfill the anticipated overwhelming demand,” said the CEO of Key Tronic’s new customer.

“We are very excited to be working with a recognized, emerging leader in the energy resiliency industry,” said Brett Larsen, President and CEO of Key Tronic. “The product has the potential to assist in better asset management and public safety by ensuring increased vigilance across all operations. Our new customer is a highly respected company and we are thrilled to be involved with a product that can assist in the greater good. This important new strategic relationship represents an expansion of our customer base and we expect it will contribute to profitable long term growth.”

About Key Tronic

Key Tronic is a leading design engineering and contract manufacturer offering value-added design and manufacturing services from its facilities in the United States, Mexico, China and Vietnam. Key Tronic provides its customers full engineering services, materials management, worldwide manufacturing facilities, assembly services, in-house testing, and worldwide distribution. Its customers include some of the world’s leading original equipment manufacturers. For more information about Key Tronic visit: http://www.keytronic.com.

Forward-Looking Statements

Some of the statements in this press release are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including Key Tronic’s opportunities and its partnership, the potential success of Key Tronic and the customer, and related revenues. Forward-looking statements include all passages containing verbs such as aims, anticipates, believes, estimates, expects, hopes, intends, plans, predicts, projects or targets or nouns corresponding to such verbs. Forward-looking statements also include other passages that are primarily relevant to expected future events or revenue or that can only be fully evaluated by events that will occur in the future. There are many factors, risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those predicted or projected in forward-looking statements, including but not limited to: the success and timing of ramping; availability and timing and receipt of critical parts or components; demand from customers and sales channels; the future of the global economic environment and its impact on our customers and suppliers; the availability of a healthy workforce; the accuracy of suppliers’ and customers’ forecasts; development and success of customers’ programs and products; success of new-product introductions; the risk of legal proceedings or governmental investigations relating to the previously reported financial statement restatements and related material weaknesses, the May 2024 cybersecurity incident and the subject of the internal investigation by the Company’s Audit Committee and related or other unrelated matters; acquisitions or divestitures of operations or facilities; technology advances; changes in pricing policies by the Company, its competitors, customers or suppliers; impact of new governmental legislation and regulation, including tax reform, tariffs and related activities, such trade negotiations and other risks; and other factors, risks, and uncertainties detailed from time to time in the Company’s SEC filings.

CONTACTS: Anthony G. Voorhees Michael Newman

Chief Financial Officer Investor Relations

Key Tronic Corporation StreetConnect

(509) 927-5345 (206) 729-3625

The MIL Network –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI: China Medical System（00867）Obtained Class 1 Innovative Drug Long-acting Anti-IL-4Rα Monoclonal Antibody MG-K10
Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

SHENZHEN, CHINA, Jan. 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — China Medical System Holdings Limited (the “Company”, together with its subsidiaries, the “Group” or “CMS”) is pleased to announce that on 24 January 2025, the Group through subsidiaries of the Company entered into a Collaboration Agreement with Hunan Mabgeek Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (“Mabgeek Biotechnology”) and its subsidiary for Class 1 innovative drug anti-IL-4Rα humanized monoclonal antibody injection MG-K10 (“MG-K10” or the “Product”). The Group has obtained the co-development right as specifically agreed upon in the Agreement and exclusive commercialization right to the Product in Mainland China, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region, Taiwan Region and Singapore (the “Territory”); Mabgeek Biotechnology will support the commercialization activities and is responsible for the sale and supply of the Product. The collaboration term is perpetual.

IL-4Rα is considered a key target for the treatment of type 2 inflammatory diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD), asthma, prurigo nodularis, etc. Anti-IL-4Rα monoclonal antibodies are among the best-selling biologics in this field. MG-K10 is an innovative long-acting anti-IL-4Rα humanized monoclonal antibody that simultaneously blocks the signaling of key type 2 inflammatory cytokines IL-4 and IL-13. Following Fc mutation, MG-K10 allows long dosing interval owing to its prolonged half-life, and it is expected to be the first long-acting anti-IL-4Rα monoclonal antibody marketed in China. Currently marketed anti-IL-4Rα drugs require dosing every two weeks, whereas MG-K10 only requires dosing every four weeks, demonstrating good efficacy and safety. MG-K10 has the potential to be the Best-in-Class (BIC).

This collaboration marks another significant milestone for Dermavon (formerly known as CMS Skinhealth)’s layout in the dermatology field. MG-K10 will enrich the global differentiated innovative pipeline of Dermavon, and will strongly synergize with the existing product portfolio, such as marketed innovative drug ILUMETRI (tildrakizumab injection), marketed exclusive drug Hirudoid (mucopolysaccharide polysulfate cream) and dermatology-grade skincare products of Heling soothing product series (developed for AD patients), and innovative pipeline drugs ruxolitinib cream (for the topical treatment of mild to moderate AD and non-segmental vitiligo) and povorcitinib (for the treatment of non-segmental vitiligo, hidradenitis suppurativa, prurigo nodularis and chronic spontaneous urticaria), etc. Leveraging its proven clinical development and commercialization capabilities, the Group will fully cooperate with Mabgeek Biotechnology to promote the approval of MG-K10 in China, bringing a new treatment option with lower dosing frequency, good efficacy and safety to patients with type 2 inflammatory diseases in China.

More information about MG-K10
MG-K10 is a Class 1 innovative drug anti-IL-4Rα humanized monoclonal antibody injection that used for the treatment of type 2 inflammatory diseases, including AD, asthma, prurigo nodularis, allergic rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, eosinophilic esophagitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and so on. It holds substance patents in specific countries/regions within the Territory.

MG-K10 has entered Phase III clinical trials in China for AD, asthma, and prurigo nodularis. In the completed Phase II clinical trials for adult moderate-to-severe AD and moderate-to-severe asthma, MG-K10 has demonstrated good efficacy and safety^[1-2]. Additionally, MG-K10 has obtained IND approval for eosinophilic esophagitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, and seasonal allergic rhinitis in China.

According to Frost & Sullivan, the global market for treatments targeting IL-4Rα is expected to reach US$28.7 billion by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.8% from 2020 to 2030. In China, the market is projected to reach US$4.08 billion by 2030, with a CAGR of 76.8% from 2020 to 2030.

About AD indication
MG-K10’s first indication, AD, is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by severe itching. It is the most burdensome non-fatal skin disease globally, with at least 230 million people affected worldwide^[3]. AD is also a prevalent and high-burden chronic disease in China, with the prevalence showing an upward trend^[3]. According to the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, the number of AD patients in China increased by 25.65% from 1990 to 2019^[3]. It is estimated that there are approximately 36.09 million AD patients in China^[3], with approximately 9.625 million suffering from moderate-to-severe AD^[4].

Current treatment options for AD primarily include topical and systemic treatments. For moderate-to-severe AD, topical medications are often insufficient to achieve disease control, necessitating the initiation of systemic treatments. However, due to the limitations in efficacy and safety of traditional systemic therapies for AD, moderate-to-severe AD patients often experience delays in systemic treatment initiation, poor compliance, and suboptimal disease control, leaving a significant unmet need in clinical practice^[3]. MG-K10, with its extended dosing interval of once every four weeks, is expected to improve patient adherence and provide a new, effective, and safe systemic treatment option for patients with moderate-to-severe AD.

About Mabgeek Biotechnology
Mabgeek Biotechnology was founded in 2016 and has always adhered to the research and development concept of “innovation, efficiency and safety”, focusing on the fields of allergic inflammatory diseases and autoimmune diseases. Mabgeek Biotechnology is equipped with a research and development team composed of top industry experts. With excellent research capabilities and deep industry experience, Mabgeek Biotechnology uses its unique TEADA high-throughput antibody screening platform to develop innovative antibody drugs with high biological activity, excellent druggability, and differentiation. Mabgeek Biotechnology is committed to providing safer, more effective and more convenient treatment solutions for patients worldwide. For more information about Mabgeek Biotechnology and its products, please visit: https://www.mabge.com/.

About CMS
CMS is a platform company linking pharmaceutical innovation and commercialization with strong product lifecycle management capability, dedicated to providing competitive products and services to meet unmet medical needs.

CMS focuses on the global first-in-class (FIC) and best-in-class (BIC) innovative products, and efficiently promotes the clinical research, development and commercialization of innovative products, enabling the continuous transformation of scientific research into clinical practices to benefit patients.

CMS deeply engages in several specialty therapeutic fields, and has developed proven commercialization capabilities, extensive networks and expert resources, resulting in leading academic and market positions for its major marketed products. CMS continues to promote the in-depth development of its advantageous specialty fields and expand business boundaries. While strengthening the competitiveness of the cardio-cerebrovascular/gastroenterology business, CMS independently operates its dermatology and medical aesthetics business, and ophthalmology business, aiming to gain leading positions in specialty therapeutic fields, whilst enhancing the scale and efficiency. At the same time, CMS has expanded its business territory to the Southeast Asian market, striving to become a “bridgehead” for global pharmaceutical companies to enter the Southeast Asian market, further escorting the sustainable and healthy development of the Group.

Reference:
1. The data of the product’s Phase II clinical trial for AD indication as disclosed by Mabgeek: https://www.mabge.com/en/index.php?c=show&id=23
2. The interim data of the product’s Phase II clinical trial for asthma indication as disclosed by Mabgeek: https://www.mabge.com/index.php?c=show&id=18
3. Chinese Society of Dermatology, China Dermatologist Association. Clinical pathway for the diagnosis and treatment of moderate to severe atopic dermatitis in China (2023): an expert consensus[J]. Chinese Journal of Dermatology, 2023, 56(11): 1000-1007. DOI: 10.35541/cjd.20230247.
4. Mao, Dandan et al. Prevalence and risk factors of atopic dermatitis in Chinese adults: a nationwide population-based cross-sectional study. Chinese medical journal vol. 136,5 604-606. 5 Mar. 2023, DOI:10.1097/CM9.0000000000002560
CMS Disclaimer and Forward-Looking Statements
This press release is not intended to promote any products to you and is not for advertising purposes. This press release does not recommend any drugs, medical devices and/or indications. If you want to know more about the diagnosis and treatment of specific diseases, please follow the opinions or guidance of your doctor or other medical and health professionals. Any treatment-related decisions made by healthcare professionals should be based on the patient’s specific circumstances and in accordance with the drug package insert.

This press release which has been prepared by CMS does not constitute any offer or invitation to purchase or subscribe for any securities, and shall not form the basis for or be relied on in connection with any contract or binding commitment whatsoever. This press release has been prepared by CMS based on information and data which it considers reliable, but CMS makes no representation or warranty, express or implied, whatsoever, and no reliance shall be placed on, the truth, accuracy, completeness, fairness and reasonableness of the contents of this press release. Certain matters discussed in this press release may contain statements regarding the Group’s market opportunity and business prospects that are individually and collectively forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Any forward-looking statements and projections made by third parties included in this press release are not adopted by the Group and the Company is not responsible for such third-party statements and projections.

Media Contact

Brand: China Medical System Holdings Ltd.

Contact: CMS Investor Relations

Email: ir@cms.net.cn

Website: https://web.cms.net.cn/en/home/

Source: China Medical System Holdings Ltd.

The MIL Network –
January 25, 2025

MIL-OSI: New way to earn cryptocurrencies: Earn Bitcoin BTC, DOGE, ETH with BitconeMine Best Free Cloud Mining

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

LONDON, Jan. 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Many people find that despite hard work, they don’t get the income they want. Since November 2024, the cryptocurrency market has skyrocketed and created multiple millionaires in a short period of time. People are beginning to realize that cryptocurrency is a financial asset that can create their own wealth in the short term, more than any other investment opportunity.

The era of cryptocurrency has arrived, especially the rise of the mining industry. Understand the birth and rise of blockchain technology, the importance of digital currency to our economy, and the current market conditions. “BitconeMine” takes you in depth to understand how to earn fixed income through remote monitoring mining. Whether you are a beginner or an experienced veteran, you will learn how to make a profit in cloud mining in this guide. Take advantage of this opportunity and benefit from this comprehensive guide.

About BitconeMine:

BitconeMine is a leader in the global cloud mining industry. The company was established in London, UK in December 2017. It is officially authorized and regulated by the UK Financial Services Authority and strictly abides by laws and regulations. After years of vigorous development, BitconeMine has dozens of large mining farms in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Norway, South Africa and other countries, with members in 197 countries and regions, and is trusted by 3 million users worldwide.

Advantages of BitconeMine:

⦁ Low threshold and easy operation platform
⦁ Get a $10 instant bonus after registration.
⦁ High profit level and enjoy daily income.
⦁ No other service fees or management fees.
⦁ The platform uses more than a variety of cryptocurrencies for settlement, including USDT-TRC20, BTC, ETH, LTC, USDC, BNB, USDT-ERC20, BCH, DOGE, SOL (Solana) and XRP
⦁ The company’s affiliate program allows you to refer your friends and earn up to 3%-4.5% of the

How to start participating:

(1) Create a BitconeMine account.
(2) Choose a mining package that suits you
(3) Sign a contract – the system automatically starts mining.
(4) Just wait every day. Interest is automatically settled every 24 hours

BitconeMine offers free mining contract options and a variety of mining investment options, such as:

Contract Price	Contract duration	Daily income	Total revenue
$100	2	$4.5	$100+$9
$500	5	$6.25	$500+$31.25
$1000	15	$13.3	$1000+$199.5
$3000	21	$42.6	$3000+$894.6
$5000	30	$77.5	$5000+$2325

Each contract has a unique ROI and a specific contract period.

Security and sustainability:

BitconeMine takes user security very seriously and uses ⦁McAfee®, Cloudflare® and SSL encryption protection. And the company has long-term cooperation with Legal & General Insurance Company. BitconeMine is committed to transparency and legality. You don’t need to invest in equipment in advance, huge electricity bills, so you can focus more on getting returns. BitconeMine uses AI intelligent management to integrate mining equipment and uses new energy and renewable energy to protect the environment from pollution, greatly reducing operating costs, and is a benchmark for sustainable development.

Conclusion:

BitconeMine provides a simple package purchase contract method that even beginners can quickly understand. If you are looking for ways to increase passive income, BitconeMine is an excellent choice. If used properly, these opportunities can help you “automatically” increase your crypto wealth with minimal time investment and earn more than $1,000-100,000 per day.

To learn more about BitconeMine, visit its official website: https://bitconemine.com

Contact:
Lily Tanoria
info@bitconemine.com

Disclaimer: This content is provided by BitconeMine. The statements, views and opinions expressed in this column are solely those of the content provider. The content of this article is for informational purposes only and should not be considered financial, investment, or legal advice. Cryptocurrency mining, including through platforms like BitconeMine, involves risks such as market volatility, regulatory changes, and potential financial losses. Prospective users are encouraged to conduct thorough research and consult with a professional advisor before making any decisions. BitconeMine’s performance, profitability, and rewards are not guaranteed and may vary based on individual circumstances, market conditions, and computational power. The author and publisher of this article are not responsible for any losses or damages arising from the use of the information provided. Always invest and participate responsibly.

Photos accompanying this announcement are available at
https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/f2d7343f-0790-4f97-8c96-d896799dac86
https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/f34ecdcb-d6cb-446d-812d-c4913d46c902

The MIL Network –

January 25, 2025

MIL-OSI USA: Crapo: FDIC Chairman Charting New Course for Sound Policy

US Senate News:

Source: United States Senator for Idaho Mike Crapo

Washington, D.C.–U.S. Senator Mike Crapo (R-Idaho), a senior member of the Senate Banking Committee, applauded Acting Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) Chairman Travis Hill’s outline of priorities to refocus the agency’s efforts on sound banking practices and workplace conduct.
“Travis has started the process of charting a new course at the agency that will promote the safety and soundness of banks, right-size regulations, improve innovation and technology, end all Choke Point-like tactics, and reestablish a strong workforce culture where misconduct is not tolerated,” said Crapo. “I look forward to working with him to right-size regulation and promote economic growth.”
Among Hill’s priorities is one to ensure law-abiding customers have access to bank accounts and banking services. During the Obama Administration, Crapo fought against “Operation Choke Point,” an initiative in which Federal agencies pressured banks to “choke-off” politically disfavored industries’ access to payment systems and banking services. Crapo has challenged banks in the past for issuing guidelines that could effectively cut off financial services to law-abiding firearm manufacturers, retailers and firearms purchasers if they do not comply with the bank’s firearms preferences.
In July 2024, Crapo joined several colleagues in demanding the FDIC withdraw its corporate governance guidelines, stating, “safety and soundness is the cornerstone regulatory principle of the U.S. banking system.” Hill outlined priorities to withdraw these problematic proposals.

MIL OSI USA News –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: Navigating deepfakes and synthetic media: This course helps students demystify artificial intelligence technologies

Source: The Conversation – USA – By Mozhdeh Khodarahmi, Associate Library Director, Macalester College

A Macalester College course helps students navigate a rapidly evolving digital landscape. Khanchit Khirisutchalual/Getty Images

Uncommon Courses is an occasional series from The Conversation U.S. highlighting unconventional approaches to teaching.

Title of course:

AI Literacy and Building Resilience to Misinformation

What prompted the idea for the course?

As an associate director of a college library, I’ve watched artificial intelligence technologies become commonplace in society. They help shape our media. They influence our social interactions.

And they’re also reshaping education.

Through conversations with colleagues and students, I discovered an urgent need: a course that demystifies AI and provides students with tools to navigate a rapidly evolving digital landscape.

This need is relevant today given the increasing prevalence of online misinformation.

AI-driven social media algorithms – used by Facebook and TikTok, for example – and content generation tools like ChatGPT can amplify certain voices while obscuring others.

Those using AI tools maliciously can also create entirely false content, such as deepfake videos or misleading AI-generated news articles. By understanding these dynamics, students can become more discerning consumers and responsible users of information.

I worked with faculty member Michael Griffin and associate director of academic technology Tamatha Perlman to design a course that introduces students to several AI fields.

They include machine learning – how computer systems imitate the way humans learn – and deep learning, which uses artificial neural networks to learn from data.

We also delve into generative AI – a type of AI that can produce images, videos and other forms of data – and prompt engineering, which designs prompts to guide AI models.

What does the course explore?

The course explores two themes: AI literacy and building resilience to misinformation.

Students learn AI technologies such as natural language processing, which allows machines to understand and generate human language, and generative AI. They explore how these tools influence the ways information is created, shared and interpreted.

We then delve into the ethical implications of AI, from data privacy to bias and algorithmic transparency – the principle of making AI decision-making processes understandable and open for review.

The idea is to foster a nuanced understanding of AI’s potential benefits. One example is AI tools that personalize educational content by adapting lessons to a student’s learning pace and style.

We also examine its potential pitfalls. Some AI hiring tools, for example, have discriminated against specific demographic groups, such as systems that disproportionately rejected women’s resumes for technical jobs.

The course also explores cognitive biases, or systematic patterns of deviation from rationality in judgment, which can make people more susceptible to misinformation.

We look at confirmation bias, the inclination to search for information that supports one’s preexisting beliefs. We also examine recency effect, the tendency to give more weight to recent information over earlier data.

Students experiment with AI tools such as ChatGPT, Gemini and NotebookLM. They do so to examine misinformation case studies and participate in discussions on some complex questions.

They include: When does AI assist in learning? When does it hinder learning? How can AI be used more responsibly? How can we know when it’s being manipulated?

Why is this course relevant now?

AI tools are increasingly embedded in social media and news content. This makes it critical for students to discern credible sources from misleading content.

As AI technologies evolve, so too do the methods for spreading misinformation.

They include AI-generated images and synthetic media, which is digitally created or altered content designed to appear authentic.

All of these technologies can be difficult to identify and authenticate. This course gives students the tools to make informed decisions in a digital age.

What’s a critical lesson from the course?

Many students are surprised to learn that AI-powered platforms tailor content to match their interests.

For example, watching a series of videos on a particular topic can lead to being shown increasingly similar content, reinforcing existing beliefs. This, in turn, can shape perceptions and distort reality.

To address this, we introduce students to practical techniques for broadening their information sources. They also learn to cross-reference facts and scrutinize AI-curated content.

For instance, we practice a technique called “lateral reading,” where students verify information by examining multiple sources simultaneously.

What materials does the course feature?

UNESCO’s Media and Information Literacy Curriculum – E-version inspired our syllabus.

Besides academic journal articles, we draw extensively from articles and videos published by The New York Times, The Washington Post and other major news outlets to analyze misinformation stories. These sources offer ample real-life examples, enabling students to engage with timely and relevant case studies.

We also review the AI Competency Framework for Students and the AI Competency Framework for Teachers, launched by UNESCO in September 2024. These frameworks provide valuable insights into fostering AI literacy and ethical engagement with AI technologies.

What will the course prepare students to do?

The goal is to empower students to approach digital information with a critical and informed mindset. This will position them as responsible citizens in a world increasingly shaped by AI.

The course will also help students feel more confident when identifying credible sources, cross-checking information and making sense of AI-powered content. These skills will serve students well in their academic and personal lives.

Mozhdeh Khodarahmi does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. Navigating deepfakes and synthetic media: This course helps students demystify artificial intelligence technologies – https://theconversation.com/navigating-deepfakes-and-synthetic-media-this-course-helps-students-demystify-artificial-intelligence-technologies-243689

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: Harvard expands its definition of antisemitism – when does criticism of Israel cross a line?

Source: The Conversation – USA – By Joshua Shanes, Professor of Jewish Studies, College of Charleston

Harvard has adopted a broader definition of antisemitism. Education Images/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

As part of Harvard University’s agreement in response to two federal lawsuits filed by Jewish students alleging antisemitic discrimination, it will adopt the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance, or IHRA, “working definition” of antisemitism.

This is a definition favored by many Jewish community leaders and politicians because its broad language can be applied to most anti-Israel rhetoric. This includes Kenneth Marcus, who served as assistant secretary of education during the first Trump administration and represented the students as chairman of the Louis D. Brandeis Center for Human Rights Under Law.

In contrast, many scholars prefer either the competing Jerusalem Declaration on Antisemitism or the definition offered by the Nexus Task Force, a committee of experts led by the Bard Center for the Study of Hate. I am a member of the Nexus group and also helped compose its 2024 “Campus Guide to Identifying Antisemitism.”

The controversy over this move indicates that many well-intentioned people still struggle to understand what exactly constitutes antisemitism and when anti-Israel rhetoric crosses the line.

As a scholar of modern Jewish history, I offer this primer that helps answer this question.

History of antisemitism

There has been a sharp increase in antisemitism around the world since the Oct. 7, 2023, massacre by Hamas and Israel’s subsequent military attacks in the Gaza Strip.

Anti-Jewish animosity dates to antiquity. The early Christian church attacked Jews, whom it blamed for crucifying Christ, and claimed to replace them as God’s chosen people. The Gospel of John in the New Testament accused Jews of being Satan’s children, while others called them demons intent on sacrificing the souls of men.

Medieval Christians added other myths, such as the blood libel – the lie that Jews ritually murdered Christian children for their blood. Other myths accused them of poisoning wells or desecrating the consecrated host of the Eucharist to reenact the murder of Christ; some even claimed that Jews had inhuman biology such as horns or that they suckled at the teats of pigs.

Such lies led to violent persecution of Jews over many centuries.

Modern antisemitism

In the 19th century, these myths were supplanted by the additional element of race – the claim that Jewishness was immutable and could not be changed via conversion. Though this idea first appeared in 15th-century Spain, it was deeply connected to the rise of modern nationalism.

Nineteenth-century ethno-nationalists rejected the idea of a political nation united in a social contract with each other. They began imagining the nation as a biological community linked by common descent in which Jews might be tolerated but could never truly belong.

Finally, in 1879, the German journalist Wilhelm Marr pushed the term “antisemitism” to reflect that his anti-Jewish ideology was based on race, not religion. Marr imagined the Jews as a foreign, “semitic” race, referring to the language group that includes Hebrew. The term has since persisted to mean specifically anti-Jewish hostility or prejudice.

The myth of a Jewish conspiracy

Modern antisemitism built on those premodern foundations, which never completely disappeared, but was fundamentally different. It emerged as part of the new politics of the democratic modern era.

Antisemitism became the core platform of new political parties, which used it to unite otherwise opposing groups, such as shopkeepers and farmers, anxious about the modernizing world. In other words, it was not merely prejudice; it was a worldview that explained the entire world to its believers by blaming all of its faults on this scapegoat.

Unlike earlier anti-Jewish hatred, this was less about religion and more about political and social issues. Antisemites believed the conspiracy theory that Jews all over the world controlled the levers of government, media and banking, and that defeating them would solve society’s problems.

Thus, one of the most important features of modern antisemitic mythology was the belief that Jews constituted a single, malevolent group, with one mind, organized for the purpose of conquering and destroying the world.

Negative traits attributed to Jews

Antisemitic books and cartoons often used claws or tentacles to symbolize the “international Jew,” a shadowy figure they blamed for leading a global conspiracy, strangling and destroying society. Others depicted him as a puppet master running the world.

In the late 19th century, Edmond Rothschild, head of the most famous Jewish banking family, was villainized as the symbol of international Jewish wealth and nefarious power. Today, the billionaire liberal philanthropist George Soros is often portrayed in similar ways.

This myth that Jews constitute an international creature plotting to harm the nation has inspired massacres of Jews since the 19th century, beginning with the Russian pogroms of 1881 and leading up to the Holocaust.

More recently, in 2018, Robert Bowers murdered 11 Jews at the Tree of Life synagogue in Pittsburgh because he was convinced that Jews, collectively under the guidance of Soros, were working to destroy America by facilitating the mass migration of nonwhite people into the country.

Modern antisemites ascribe many immutable negative traits to Jews, but two are particularly widespread. First, Jews are said to be ruthless misers who care more about their allegedly ill-gotten wealth than the interests of their countries. Second, Jews’ loyalty to their countries is considered suspect because they are said to constitute a foreign element.

Since Israel’s establishment in 1948, this hatred has focused on the accusation that Jews’ primary loyalty is to Israel, not the countries they live in.

Antisemitism and anti-Zionism

In recent years, the relationship between antisemitism and anti-Zionism has taken on renewed importance. Zionism has many factions but roughly refers to the modern political movement that argues Jews constitute a nation and have a right to self-determination in that land.

Some activists claim that anti-Zionism – ideological opposition to Zionism – is inherently antisemitic because they equate it with denying Jews the right to self-determination and therefore equality.

Others feel that there needs to be a clearer separation between anti-Zionism and antisemitism. They argue that equating anti-Zionism with antisemitism leads to silencing criticism of Israel’s structural mistreatment of Palestinians.

Zionism in practice has meant the achievement of a flourishing safe haven for Jews, but it has also led to dislocation or inequality for millions of Palestinians, including refugees, West Bank Palestinians who still live under military rule, and even Palestinian citizens of Israel who face legal and social discrimination. Anti-Zionism opposes this, and critics argue that it should not be labeled antisemitic unless it taps into those antisemitic myths or otherwise calls for violence or inequality for Jews.

This debate is evident in these competing definitions of antisemitism. Remarkably, the three main definitions tend to agree on the nature of antisemitism except regarding the relationship of anti-Israel rhetoric to antisemitism. The IHRA definition, which is by design vague and open to interpretation, allows for a wider swath of anti-Israel activism to be labeled antisemitic than the others.

The Jerusalem Declaration, in contrast, understands rhetoric to have “crossed the line” only when it engages in antisemitic mythology, blames diaspora Jews for the actions of the Israeli state, or calls for the oppression of Jews in Israel. IHRA defenders use that definition to label a call for binational democracy – meaning citizenship for West Bank Palestinians – to be antisemitic. Likewise, they label boycotts, even of West Bank settlements that most of the world considers illegal, to be antisemitic. The Jerusalem Declaration does not.

In other words, the key to identifying whether anti-Israel discourse has masked antisemitism is to see evidence of antisemitic mythology. For example, if Israel is described as leading an international conspiracy, or if it holds the key to solving global problems, all three definitions agree this is antisemitic.

Equally, if Jews or Jewish institutions are held responsible for Israeli actions or are expected to take a stand one way or another regarding them, again all three definitions agree that this crosses the line because it is based on the myth of a global Jewish conspiracy.

Identity and pride

Critically, for many Jews living in other countries, Zionism is not primarily a political argument about the state of Israel. It instead constitutes a sense of Jewish identity and pride, even a religious identity. In contrast, many protests against Israel and Zionism are focused not on ideology but on the Israeli government and its real or alleged actions.

This disconnect can lead to confusion if protests conflate Jews with Israel just because they are Zionist, which is antisemitic. On the other hand, Jews sometimes take protests against Israel in defense of Palestinian rights to be attacks on their Zionist identity and thus antisemitic, when they are not. There are certainly gray areas, but in general, calls for Palestinian equality, I believe, are legitimate even when they upset people with Zionist identities.

Harvard’s statement captures this distinction. It posted a statement that, “For many Jewish people, Zionism is a part of their Jewish identity,” and added that Jews who subscribe to this identity must not be excluded from campus events on that basis.

This does not mean that Jews are protected from hearing contrary views, any more than they are protected from hearing Christian preachers on campus or professors who teach secular views of the Bible. It means that they cannot be excluded based only on those beliefs.

This does not, however, require an adoption of the IHRA definition of antisemitism, which goes much further. Many advocates of the IHRA definition use it to label political calls for Palestinian equality as antisemitic, as well as accusations against Israel that they consider wrong or unfair.

Harvard’s adoption of the IHRA definition, accordingly, would mean that any speech that calls for full equality for Palestinians risks academic and legal sanction, even without any material discrimination against Jewish students. It is thus opposed by students who advocate for Palestinian rights as well as supporters of free speech more generally.

Editor’s note: This is an updated version of an article first published on Jan. 29, 2024

Joshua Shanes does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. Harvard expands its definition of antisemitism – when does criticism of Israel cross a line? – https://theconversation.com/harvard-expands-its-definition-of-antisemitism-when-does-criticism-of-israel-cross-a-line-248199

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: Red light therapy shows promise for pain relief, inflammation and skin conditions – but other claims might be hyped

Source: The Conversation – USA – By Praveen Arany, Associate Professor of Oral Biology, University at Buffalo

A treatment typically lasts from three to 15 minutes. Rich Legg/E+ via Getty Images

Red light therapy is increasingly viewed as a promising treatment for wrinkles, acne, psoriasis, scars and sun-damaged skin, and as a supportive therapy for some kinds of cancer. But does red light therapy live up to the hype that it’s practically a panacea for all sorts of ailments?

Praveen Arany is a professor of oral biology, biomedical engineering and surgery at the University of Buffalo and an expert on the uses of light and lasers for medical purposes. He explains how red light therapy works, for what diseases and conditions it may be most useful, and if red light home devices are effective.

What is red light therapy?

Treatment with red light therapy involves exposure to red light at a very low dose in a hospital or clinic.

It’s also called low-power laser therapy, soft laser therapy, cold laser therapy and nonthermal LED light therapy.

The umbrella term is called photobiomodulation therapy, which covers other colors, or wavelengths, that have health benefits. These light wavelengths span the visible to the near-infrared spectrum.

Red light is easily the most popular of the photobiomodulation therapies. That’s primarily due to its availability – the treatment has been around more than three decades.

While it’s true that other colors are also clinically and commercially available, researchers are still studying them to determine exactly how effective they are. That said, green light therapy is generally used to treat migraines; yellow light for depression; and blue light to kill resistant strains of bacteria, like MRSA infections, and to treat seasonal affective disorder, a depression that typically onsets in late fall and continues through winter.

The professional laser in the doctor’s office may be more effective than at-home LED devices.

How does red light therapy work?

Put simply, red light stimulates the cells in your body, energizing them while initiating blood flow to the affected area. That, in turn, spurs healing, similar to how your body responds to a cut by clotting the blood to heal a wound.

The treatment is simple and painless. The patient, either seated or lying comfortably, is exposed to the red light for three to 15 minutes. They may experience a feeling of warmth during treatment, but it should not be uncomfortable or hot. The clinician will likely recommend eye shields.

Used correctly, red light therapy is very safe. Overdosing – staying under the light too long or receiving treatments at very high power – does not necessarily cause harm, but it might reduce or slow benefits. However, just as some people are more prone to sunburn than others, some patients may be more sensitive to this light and might see redness in the skin. Those patients should receive lower light doses during treatment.

What medical conditions can the therapy help?

Randomized, controlled clinical trials show that red light therapy can reduce pain, inflammation and tissue damage. Because all of these things are prevalent in many illnesses, photobiomodulation may be a powerful adjunct for treating a wide range of diseases.

One example is cancer. There’s now strong evidence that red light therapy can lessen pain and inflammation from radiation, chemotherapy and bone marrow stem cell transplants. Red light therapy has also reduced other complications from cancer treatment, including oral ulcers, scars and fibrosis.

Other recent human clinical studies show that photobiomodulation helps heal diabetic and burn wounds, as well as some types of ulcers. However, this therapy should not replace good wound care treatment, such as disinfection. Photobiomodulation has also worked for patients with neck and back pain and tennis elbow.

What about other uses for red light therapy?

Although not proven to be effective by randomized controlled trials with large samples, which is the gold standard of research, red light therapy has been shown to benefit patients with Parkinson’s, Alzheimer’s, multiple sclerosis, fibromyalgia, arthritis, macular degeneration, myopia and autism in clinical case reports and lab research studies.

A word of caution, however: Red light therapy may not work for all the medical conditions that proponents say it does. Red light therapy is also used for cardiovascular health, elevating mood, relieving anxiety, improving muscle performance and recovery from sports injuries, and providing anti-aging benefits to the skin. While there’s some evidence to support these types of treatments, rigorous research studies are still missing.

Research indicates that red light therapy could help with myopia in children and macular degeneration.

What about its commercial use?

This is a rapidly evolving field. Both LED and laser devices – beds, lamps, helmets and face masks – are readily available in clinical and nonclinical settings, such as medical spas, gyms and beauty salons. They’re also available for at-home use.

Laser devices are more powerful and are typically found at a hospital, clinic or doctor’s office. An LED, or light-emitting diode, is less powerful and more often used in commercial or home settings.

The general consensus is that LEDs are OK to use in commercial establishments like beauty salons and medical spas, provided practitioners receive the appropriate training. But the use of laser devices should be relegated to clinical specialists. That’s because lasers, in untrained hands, have the potential to do more damage than LEDs.

As for some home products, their quality and reliability may be questionable; they might not meet minimum quality standards of output power or wavelength.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration appears to be moving toward more rigorous evaluations of these products, especially with lasers, but there is a critical need for a certifying agency or body to take this on. These agencies would test the devices to make sure they’re actually meeting specifications. That hasn’t happened yet, but as it stands now, several scientific and professional organizations are exploring the possibilities.

Praveen Arany consults for Wndrhlth and has cofounded two companies, OptiMed Technologies and Directed Energy Therapeutics. He has received funding from Univeristy at Buffalo, NIH, AFOSR and various PBM companies including Summus Medical, Kerber Applied Research, Thor Photomedicine, Vielight. He is affiliated with Optica, IADR-AADOCR, ASLMS, WALT, NAALT, WFLD and ALD.

– ref. Red light therapy shows promise for pain relief, inflammation and skin conditions – but other claims might be hyped – https://theconversation.com/red-light-therapy-shows-promise-for-pain-relief-inflammation-and-skin-conditions-but-other-claims-might-be-hyped-240426

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: The technology that runs Congress lags so far behind the modern world that its flag-tracking system just caught up to 2017-era Pizza Hut

Source: The Conversation – USA – By Lorelei Kelly, Research Lead, Modernizing Congress, McCourt School of Public Policy, Georgetown University

Tracking one of these items to your door has been possible since 2017 – tracking the other is all new. FTiare/iStock / Getty Images Plus

On a typical day, you can’t turn on the news without hearing someone say that Congress is broken. The implication is that this dereliction explains why the institution is inert and unresponsive to the American people.

There’s one element often missing from that discussion: Congress is confounding in large part because its members can’t hear the American people, or even each other. I mean that literally. Congressional staff serve in thousands of district offices across the nation, and their communications technology doesn’t match that of most businesses and even many homes.

Members’ district offices only got connected to secure Wi-Fi internet service in 2023. Discussions among members and congressional staff were at times cut short at 40 minutes because some government workers were relying on the free version of Zoom, according to congressional testimony in March 2024.

Congressional testimony discusses meetings being cut off at 40 minutes.

The information systems Congress uses have existed largely unchanged for decades, while the world has experienced an information revolution, integrating smartphones and the internet into people’s daily personal and professional lives. The technologies that have transformed modern life and political campaigning are not yet available to improve the ability of members of Congress to govern once they win office.

Slow to adapt

Like many institutions, Congress resists change; only the COVID-19 pandemic pushed it to allow online hearings and bill introductions. Before 2020, whiteboards, sticky notes and interns with clipboards dominated the halls of Congress.

Electronic signatures arrived on Capitol Hill in 2021 – more than two decades after Congress passed the ESIGN Act to allow electronic signatures and records in commerce.

The nation spends about US$10 million a year on technology innovation in the House of Representatives – the institution that declares war and pays all the federal government’s bills. That’s just 1% of the amount theater fans have spent to see ‶Hamilton“ on Broadway since 2015.

It seems the story of American democracy is attractive to the public, but investing in making it work is less so for Congress itself.

The chief administrative office in Congress, a nonlegislative staff that helps run the operations of Congress, decides what types of technology can be used by members. These internal rules exist to protect Congress and national security, but that caution can also inhibit new ways to use technology to better serve the public.

Finding a happy medium between innovation and caution can result in a livelier public discourse.

The pandemic compelled Congress to allow witnesses to testify before committees by videoconference.
Stefani Reynolds-Pool/Getty Images

A modernization effort

Congress has been working to modernize itself, including experimenting with new ways to hear local voices in their districts, including gathering constituent feedback in a standardized way that can be easily processed by computers.

The House Natural Resources Committee was also an early adopter of technology for collaborative lawmaking. In 2020, members and committee staff used a platform called Madison to collaboratively write and edit proposed environmental justice legislation with communities across the country that had been affected by pollution.

House leaders are also looking at what is called deliberative technology, which uses specially designed websites to facilitate digital participation by pairing collective human intelligence with artificial intelligence. People post their ideas online and respond to others’ posts. Then the systems can screen and summarize posts so users better understand each other’s perspectives.

These systems can even handle massive group discussions involving large numbers of people who hold a wide range of positions on a vast set of issues and interests. In general, these technologies make it easier for people to find consensus and have their voices heard by policymakers in ways the policymakers can understand and respond to.

Governments in Finland, the U.K., Canada and Brazil are already piloting deliberative technologies. In Finland, roughly one-third of young people between 12 and 17 participate in setting budget priorities for the city of Helsinki.

In May 2024, 45 U.S.-based nonprofit organizations signed a letter to Congress asking that deliberative technology platforms be included in the approved tools for civic engagement.

In the meantime, Congress is looking at ways to use artificial intelligence as part of a more integrated digital strategy based on lessons from other democratic legislatures.

A panel discussion of various ideas for modernizing how Congress hears from the American people.

Finding benefits

Modernization efforts have opened connections within Congress and with the public. For example, hearings held by video conference during the pandemic enabled witnesses to share expertise with Congress from a distance and open up a process that is notoriously unrepresentative. I was home in rural New Mexico during the pandemic and know three people who remotely testified on tribal education, methane pollution and environmental harms from abandoned oil wells.

New House Rules passed on Jan. 3, 2025, encourage the use of artificial intelligence in day-to-day operations and allow for remote witness testimony.

Other efforts that are new to Congress but long established in business and personal settings include the ability to track changes in legislation and a scheduling feature that reduces overlaps in meetings. Members are regularly scheduled to be two places at once.

Another effort in development is an internal digital staff directory that replaces expensive directories compiled by private companies assembling contact information for congressional staff.

The road ahead

In 2022, what is now called ”member-directed spending“ returned to Congress with some digital improvements. Formerly known as “earmarks,” this is the practice of allowing members of Congress to handpick specific projects in their home districts to receive federal money. Earmarks were abolished in 2011 amid concerns of abuse and opposition by fiscal hardliners. Their 2022 return and rebranding introduced publicly available project lists, ethics rules and a search engine to track the spending as efforts to provide public transparency about earmarks.

Additional reforms could make the federal government even more responsive to the American people.

Some recent improvements are already familiar. Just as customers can follow their pizza delivery from the oven to the doorstep, Congress in late 2024 created a flag-tracking app that has dramatically improved a program that allows constituents to receive a flag that has flown over the U.S. Capitol. Before, different procedures in the House and Senate caused time-consuming snags in this delivery system.

At last, the world’s most powerful legislature caught up with Pizza Hut, which rolled out this technology in 2017 to track customers’ pizzas from the store to the delivery driver to their front door.

Lorelei Kelly has received funding from Democracy Fund and the Hewlett Foundation for her research on modernization in the US Congress.

– ref. The technology that runs Congress lags so far behind the modern world that its flag-tracking system just caught up to 2017-era Pizza Hut – https://theconversation.com/the-technology-that-runs-congress-lags-so-far-behind-the-modern-world-that-its-flag-tracking-system-just-caught-up-to-2017-era-pizza-hut-245931

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: President Trump promises to make government efficient − and he’ll run into the same roadblocks as Presidents Taft, Roosevelt, Roosevelt, Truman, Eisenhower, Carter, Reagan, Clinton and Bush, among others

Source: The Conversation – USA – By Jennifer Selin, Associate Professor of Law, Arizona State University

President Donald Trump signs executive orders in the Oval Office of the White House on Jan. 20, 2025. Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images

As President Donald Trump issued a slew of executive orders and directives on his first day of his second administration, he explained his actions by saying, “It’s all about common sense.”

For over a century, presidents have pursued initiatives to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of government, couching those efforts in language similar to Trump’s.

Many of these, like Trump’s Department of Government Efficiency, which he appointed billionaire Elon Musk to run, have been designed to capitalize on the expertise of people outside of government. The idea often cited as inspiration for these efforts: The private sector knows how to be efficient and nimble and strives for excellence; government doesn’t.

But government, and government service, is about providing something that the private sector can’t. And outsiders often don’t think about the accountability requirements that the laws and Constitution of the United States impose on government workers and agencies.

Congress, though, can help address these problems and check inappropriate proposals. It can also stand in the way of reform.

Charles E. Merriam, left, and Louis Brownlow, members of the President’s Reorganization Committee, leave the White House after discussing government reorganization with President Franklin D. Roosevelt on Sept. 23, 1938.
Harris & Ewing, photographer, Library of Congress

Proposing reform is nothing new

Perhaps the most famous group to work with a president on improving government was President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s Committee on Administrative Management, established in 1936.

That group, commonly referred to as the Brownlow Committee, noted that while critics predicted Roosevelt would bring “decay, destruction, and death of democracy,” the executive branch – and the president who sat atop it – was one of the “very greatest” contributions to modern democracy.

The committee argued that the president was unable to do his job because the executive branch was badly organized, federal employees lacked skills and character, and the budget process needed reform. So it proposed a series of changes designed to increase presidential power over government to enhance performance. Congress went along with some of these proposals, giving the president more staff and authority to reorganize the executive branch.

Since then, almost every president has put together similar recommendations. For example, Presidents Harry S. Truman and Dwight D. Eisenhower appointed former President Herbert Hoover to lead advisory commissions designed to recommend changes to the federal government. President Jimmy Carter launched a series of government improvement projects, and President George W. Bush even created scorecards to rank agencies according to their performance.

In his first term, Trump issued a mandate for reform to reorganize government for the 21st century.

This time around, Trump has taken executive actions to freeze government hiring, create a new entity to promote government efficiency, and give him the ability to fire high-ranking administrators who influence policy.

Most presidential proposals generally fail to come to fruition. But they often spark conversations in Congress and the media about executive power, the effectiveness of federal programs, and what government can do better.

Most presidents have tried the same thing

Historically, most presidents and their advisers – and indeed most scholars – have agreed that government bureaucracy is not designed in ways that promote efficiency. But that is intentional: Stanford political scientist Terry Moe has written that “American public bureaucracy is not designed to be effective. The bureaucracy arises out of politics, and its design reflects the interests, strategies, and compromises of those who exercise political power.”

A common presidential response to this practical reality is to propose government changes that make it look more like the private sector. In 1982, President Ronald Reagan brought together 161 corporate executives overseen by industrialist J. Peter Grace to make recommendations to eliminate government waste and inefficiency, based on their experiences leading successful corporations.

In 1993, President Bill Clinton authorized Vice President Al Gore to launch an effort to reinvent the federal government into one that worked better and cost less.

The Clinton administration created teams in every major federal agency, modeled after the private sector’s efficiency standards, to move government “From Red Tape to Results,” as the title of the administration’s plan said.

An introductory page from the 1993 National Performance Review executive summary, commissioned by the Clinton administration.
CIA.gov

Presidential attempts to make government look and work more like people think the private sector works often include adjustments to the terms of federal employment to reward employees who excel at their jobs.

In 1905, for example, President Theodore Roosevelt established a Committee on Department Methods to examine how the federal government could recruit and retain highly qualified employees. One hundred years later, federal agencies still experienced challenges](https://www.gao.gov/assets/gao-03-2.pdf) related to hiring and retaining people who could effectively achieve agency missions.

President Bill Clinton applauds as Vice President Al Gore speaks at a press conference on March 3, 1994, at which Gore gave Clinton a report of the National Performance Review.
Paul J. Richards/AFP via Getty Images

So why haven’t these plans worked?

At least the past five presidents have faced problems in making long-term changes to government.

In part, this is because government reorganizations and operational reforms like those contemplated by Trump require Congress to make adjustments to the laws of the United States, or at least give the president and federal agencies the money required to invest in changes.

Consider, for example, presidential proposals to invest in new technologies, which are a large part of Trump and Musk’s plans to improve government efficiency. Since at least 1910, when President William Howard Taft established a Commission on Economy and Efficiency to address the “unnecessarily complicated and expensive” way the federal government handled and distributed government documents, presidents have recommended centralizing authority to mandate federal agencies’ use of new technologies to make government more efficient.

But transforming government through technology requires money, people and time. Presidential plans for government-wide change are contingent upon the degree to which federal agencies can successfully implement them.

To sidestep these problems, some presidents have proposed that the government work with the private sector. For example, Trump announced a joint venture with technology companies to invest in the government’s artificial intelligence infrastructure.

Yet as I have found in my previous research, government investment in new technology first requires an assessment of agencies’ current technological skills and the impact technology will have on agency functions, including those related to governmental transparency, accountability and constitutional due process. It’s not enough to go out and buy software that tech giants recommend agencies acquire.

The things that government agencies do, such as regulating the economy, promoting national security and protecting the environment, are incredibly complicated. It’s often hard to see their impact right away.

Recognizing this, Congress has designed a complex set of laws to prevent political interference with federal employees, who tend to look at problems long term. For example, as I have found in my work with Paul Verkuil, former chairman of the Administrative Conference of the United States, Congress intentionally writes laws that require certain government positions to be held by experts who can work in their jobs without worrying about politics.

Congress also writes the laws the federal employees administer, oversees federal programs and decides how much money to appropriate to those programs each year.

So by design, anything labeled a “presidential commission on modernizing/fixing/refocusing government” tells only part of the story and sets out an impossible task. The president can’t make it happen alone. Nor can Elon Musk.

Jennifer L. Selin has received funding and/or support for her research on the executive branch from the Administrative Conference of the United States. The views in this piece are those of the author and do not represent the position of the Administrative Conference or the federal government.

– ref. President Trump promises to make government efficient − and he’ll run into the same roadblocks as Presidents Taft, Roosevelt, Roosevelt, Truman, Eisenhower, Carter, Reagan, Clinton and Bush, among others – https://theconversation.com/president-trump-promises-to-make-government-efficient-and-hell-run-into-the-same-roadblocks-as-presidents-taft-roosevelt-roosevelt-truman-eisenhower-carter-reagan-clinton-and-bush-among-others-247957

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: US Supreme Court is unabashedly liberal − in its writing style

Source: The Conversation – USA – By Jill Barton, Professor and Director of Legal Writing, University of Miami

The current Supreme Court has upended historic precedent on abortion protections and drawn scrutiny for ethics conflicts, while its docket remains packed with high-profile cases set to dominate headlines in the months ahead.

Yet one of its lesser-known departures from the past lies in its approach to punctuation.

Justice Neil Gorsuch boldly departed from court tradition in 2017 with his first Supreme Court opinion. In 11 pages, he used 15 contractions. He even used one in the first paragraph: “That’s the nub of the dispute now before us,” he casually stated.

Gorsuch’s predecessor, the late Justice Antonin Scalia, was known as a gifted, dramatic writer. Scalia thought that contractions – combining two words with an apostrophe into a shorter form, such as “don’t” in place of “do not” – were “intellectually abominable.”

Gorsuch’s strikingly informal phrasing signaled a shift toward a more modern, conversational writing style by all nine justices.

While the court’s politics have veered right, the justices’ prose has arguably shifted left, becoming more liberal and accessible. Today’s Supreme Court unanimously and actively embraces a progressive writing style, rebelling against old-school grammar rules, according to my study of 10,000 pages of opinions from the past decade.

Twitter touts #GorsuchStyle

The first opinion assigned to new justices is usually a slog. In a kind of hazing tradition, they are typically assigned to write on a tedious legal issue that easily wins unanimous agreement.

Gorsuch used his short opinion on the dry topic of debt collection to declare a more colloquial style. In Henson v. Santander, the Harvard Law graduate spoke directly to readers, using “you” and variations of that personal pronoun 17 times, something his colleagues rarely did. Gorsuch wrote with apparent nonchalance, calling a debt collector “the repo man.”

Journalists and court watchers took notice, brewing an online conversation about #GorsuchStyle.

Now, most of the justices use contractions. Arguing that creativity would be stifled in a copyright infringement case, Justice Elena Kagan insisted: “And there’s the rub. (Yes, that’s mostly Shakespeare.).”

Hey, you − I’m talking to you

While Gorsuch might have sharpened the quill of the court’s writing revolution, all nine justices now write more casually to reach an increasingly savvy public. A few justices even drop oh-so-casual exclamation marks in their opinions.

“The majority huffs that ‘nobody disputes’ various of these ‘points of law,’” Kagan decried in a 2021 dissent against a decision curtailing voting rights. “Excellent! I only wish the majority would take them to heart.”

In its 2023-24 term, my research finds, the justices appealed to readers using “you” and variations of it nearly 300 times in their 60 opinions – up 40% from five years ago.

“A police officer can seize your car if he claims it is connected
to a crime committed by someone else,” Justice Sonia Sotomayor told readers, dissenting in a 2024 seizure case.

Deploying both “you” and a contraction, Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson recently quipped in a 2024 criminal bribery decision: “But you don’t have to take my word for that.”

Given that many good writers – lawyers, academics and journalists among them – avoid personal pronouns as a matter of style, the justices’ new direction shows a surprising lack of formality.

The writing style of the justices today starkly contrasts that of their predecessors, who commonly used dense wording and labyrinthine sentences. Take this 1944 line from Justice Robert H. Jackson, whom several justices name as the writer they admire most:

“But here is an attempt to make an otherwise innocent act a crime merely because this prisoner is the son of parents as to whom he had no choice, and belongs to a race from which there is no way to resign.”

His writing feels lyrical and powerful but is in no way playful or personal.

Chief Justice John Roberts, known for his rhetorical prowess, has long lamented that the media must summarize and translate the court’s lengthy opinions for the public. In 2017, he praised the monumental desegregation decision, Brown v. Board of Education, for its brevity.

At just 10 pages, Roberts said, newspapers “had to publish the whole thing so that people could read it. They didn’t get to say, ‘Oh, this is what this means.’”

Good, clear writing has power

The court’s embrace of a more accessible writing style comes as its own popularity is plummeting. While 80% of Americans viewed the court favorably in the mid-1990s, only about 50% do now.

The 2022 decision to overturn Roe v. Wade was particularly controversial, inciting two years of protests by abortion-rights supporters and a national argument over reproductive rights. But even conservative critics decried the court’s July 2024 decision to broaden presidential immunity in Trump v. United States as “a mess” and an “incoherent” “embarrassment.”

Protesters opposing the Supreme Court’s overturning of Roe v. Wade gather in Washington, D.C., on June 24, 2024.
Aashish Kiphayet/Middle East Images/AFP via Getty Images

Roberts, who began his career as a young lawyer in the Reagan administration, has earned a reputation for taking a measured, long-term approach to avoid controversy, and he strives to unify the justices in consensus. The first few opinions of the 2024-2025 term, including the decision to ban TikTok, were unanimous – as are roughly 50% of the court’s decisions, though these tend to address less contentious issues.

But leaks of draft opinions and memos about the justices’ confidential deliberations paint a picture of a storied institution in disarray. Scrutiny of the Supreme Court is mounting, and critics, including former President Joe Biden, have called for a binding ethics code and term limits.

For the Roberts Court, the challenge ahead lies in securing its legitimacy among a deeply polarized American public. The justices making their opinions more approachable may be a small gesture in that direction.

“The thing about the Supreme Court that I think is so magnificent is that the justices get to actually explain their votes,” Jackson told NPR on Sept. 4, 2024. “We are the one branch of government in which that is the standard.”

Can clear, powerful arguments presented in plain, straightforward language help rebuild trust in the institution? The justices’ subtle shift toward modernizing their writing suggests they believe it might.

Jill Barton does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. US Supreme Court is unabashedly liberal − in its writing style – https://theconversation.com/us-supreme-court-is-unabashedly-liberal-in-its-writing-style-245503

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: Reproductive health care faces legal and surveillance challenges post-Roe – new research offers guidance

Source: The Conversation – USA – By Nora McDonald, Assistant Professor of Information Technology, George Mason University

Providers play a central role in reproductive health privacy. FG Trade/iStock via Getty Images

Long before Roe v. Wade was overturned, reproductive justice advocates had been sounding the alarm about the increasing number of women subjected to criminal investigation for suspected abortion, stillbirth or miscarriage. These cases were often initiated by health care providers and bolstered by state laws used to prosecute women for having abortions.

Newer laws, however, incentivize people outside of health care, including friends and family members, to report someone they suspect of having an abortion or helping someone else with an abortion. Coupled with the unprecedented access that authorities now have to digital information, these laws create new avenues for prosecution.

In the post-Roe era, people capable of pregnancy face growing threats. Health care providers, family, friends, information on personal devices and virtually any activity that can be observed or recorded pose privacy risks that can lead to prosecution. I study online privacy. This vast scope for potential surveillance and privacy intrusion is a key focus of the research my colleagues and I conduct.

In a recent paper, we surveyed reproductive health care providers about their privacy and security practices. We used the results to map the path of a hypothetical “Jane” to illustrate how people can identify privacy risks in their own situations. This choose-your-adventure approach helps readers navigate the potential legal, digital and personal challenges involved in accessing reproductive health care – and reveals the grim stakes.

Privacy protections

Historically, health care providers who opposed abortion have been the primary sources for reporting patients suspected of seeking abortions. While they remain a significant threat, additional risks to patient privacy have emerged. For example, state laws increasingly compel providers to hand over medical records.

This circumvents new Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act protections meant to shield protected reproductive health information from use in investigations when people seek abortions in states where the procedure is legal. Authorities might also be able to access records across state lines where abortion is legal – for example, when different electronic health record systems can share data.

It is also possible that, in the future, electronic health records could be seized across state lines. Last year, in a letter to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 19 state attorneys general protested the new federal data privacy rules. Texas followed up with a lawsuit against the Biden administration over the rule.

Even so-called shield laws adopted by some states meant to protect people seeking abortions from record seizures have loopholes.

Under the Biden administration, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services added a privacy rule to protect reproducitve health data.

Privacy vulnerabilities

Despite some protections offered by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, additional gaps in safeguarding reproductive health information persist. Data captured outside medical portals, such as from apps or pharmacy transactions, often falls outside the federal law’s scope.

It’s important to note that apps that capture consumer reproductive health data, like period trackers, do not necessarily pose a greater risk than informants. But the dystopian potential of governments reaching into personal intimate data, and the simplicity of the remedy – deleting an app – draw disproportionate attention.

While it’s not entirely clear whether period trackers are definitively good or bad from a digital privacy perspective, they do offer potential benefits, such as helping people prevent unwanted pregnancies and thus avoid prosecution.

Once reported to authorities, activities conducted on personal devices – browsing history, purchases, location data, and messages with friends or family – can become evidence in prosecutions. Authorities have shown a willingness to subpoena records from social media platforms, and they frequently access personal devices.

Additionally, laws that incentivize family, friends and partners to report suspected abortions create a threat of surveillance from intimate associates. These dynamics are exacerbated by new laws that criminalize “trafficking” minors – transporting them across state lines – for abortion services.

Providers’ role protecting privacy

In our research, my colleagues and I found that reproductive health care providers can play a critical role in guiding patients on adopting privacy strategies and helping them navigate an increasingly complex landscape of privacy threats. Clinics are trusted spaces for affordable, progressive care that often shield patients from judgment or harm.

Based on our interviews with reproductive health care providers, the protocols they use to manage communications, billing and other aspects of patient interactions have proved effective at protecting privacy, especially for vulnerable populations like minors or people with abusive partners. However, people seeking abortions face more nuanced threats. Providers tend to overlook digital risks and threats of prosecution tied to patients’ devices and records.

This gap in awareness leaves patients without critical guidance for protecting their privacy. Our initial research conducted in the aftermath of the Dobbs decision revealed that people capable of pregnancy express profound concerns about reproductive privacy, yet often feel inadequately prepared to navigate its complexities.

Findings from our forthcoming research suggest that many patients take extensive precautions, yet it’s not clear how effectively they can prioritize their digital strategies. At the same time, these people place significant trust in their reproductive health care providers, especially because they often deem existing guidance on privacy untrustworthy or insufficient.

Although providers may currently be less attuned to the newer privacy risks, they could play a crucial role in addressing them. By incorporating digital privacy and threat modeling into their care, providers can help patients navigate a complex landscape of threats in an environment of pervasive surveillance.

Nora McDonald does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. Reproductive health care faces legal and surveillance challenges post-Roe – new research offers guidance – https://theconversation.com/reproductive-health-care-faces-legal-and-surveillance-challenges-post-roe-new-research-offers-guidance-246869

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: Microgravity in space may cause cancer − but on Earth, mimicking weightlessness could help researchers develop treatments

Source: The Conversation – USA – By Sai Deepika Reddy Yaram, Ph.D. Student in Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, West Virginia University

Cancer cells are more hardy in the low-gravity conditions of space. koto_feja/iStock via Getty Images Plus

As space travel gains traction and astronauts spend increasing amounts of time in space, studying its effects on health has become increasingly critical.

Is space travel truly safe? Far from it – research has shown that the effects of space radiation and microgravity on the human body are both detrimental and long-lasting. Creating space conditions on Earth, however, could potentially help researchers treat cancer.

We are biomedical engineers studying how the body’s cells change under microgravity. Mimicking microgravity conditions on Earth allows researchers to study its effects without the need for space travel.

Lab research in space

Microgravity is a condition where gravity is extremely weak and objects are almost weightless. This occurs in space, where Earth’s gravity barely affects astronauts.

Being in a microgravity environment for an extended period of time can lead to several health issues, including bone loss, muscle weakness, face puffiness and heart changes. Even after astronauts return to Earth, their bodies do not completely go back to normal.

Studying how cells, organs and tissues respond to microgravity can help scientists better understand how to address any related harmful changes to the body. However, conducting research on lab samples in space faces significant challenges.

In addition to monitoring lab samples, astronauts have no small number of other tasks to attend to while in space.
NASA/AP Photo

It is costly to launch equipment and samples, and experiments need to be planned around weightless conditions and the force of launch. Strict deadlines, limited access to space missions and dependence on astronauts to conduct experiments increase the complexity of these studies, making accuracy and cooperation crucial for success.

Accessing samples after they have been sent to space can also be difficult. They risk being damaged while in the harsh conditions of space and during transport back to Earth.

The process of planning and carrying out a lab study in space can be time-consuming, limiting the practicality of frequent experimentation.

Studying microgravity on Earth

To address these issues, scientists have developed equipment capable of simulating microgravity conditions on Earth.

One such device is the clinostat, a machine that continuously spins samples to mimic the effects of low gravity. By constantly rotating, it spreads the effects of gravity evenly so that the sample is “weightless” or close to it. To mimic the effects of microgravity, the clinostat must rotate at just the right speed – fast enough that the sample doesn’t react to gravity, but not so fast that it feels other strong forces.

Another method called dielectrophoresis places particles such as cells in a nonuniform electric field. Unlike a uniform electric field, which is the same strength and direction everywhere, a nonuniform electric field changes in strength or direction at different points. This uneven field causes cells to move based on differences in their electrical properties compared with the liquid surrounding them, enabling researchers to separate and study them. While this technique has been widely used on Earth, exploring its application in microgravity environments could allow researchers to more precisely manipulate particles and conduct research not feasible under Earth’s gravity.

Tools such as clinostats and dielectrophoresis provide an easier, cheaper and faster way to study microgravity’s effects on cells compared with space missions. They are cost-effective and portable, requiring less expensive equipment and a smaller volume of samples to quickly generate reliable data.

This video demonstrates particles separating via dielectrophoresis.

Microgravity and cancer

While microgravity can cause cancer, it could also potentially help researchers better understand and treat cancer.

Cancer is one of the most challenging diseases to treat because it evolves rapidly and often becomes resistant to available treatments. By observing cancer cells in microgravity, researchers can study how they grow, divide and respond to drugs under different conditions. In simple terms, we are taking cancer cells out of their comfort zone to see how they react to an unknown environment.

For example, researchers have observed that cancer cells have improved survival under microgravity. They also saw changes to their electrical properties. Other studies have shown that microgravity can alter immune cell function and how cells communicate with each other.

Our team and others hypothesize that cancer cells may respond more effectively to certain drugs when exposed to a weightless environment. We’re looking into whether we can use microgravity to manipulate cancer cells to behave less aggressively and become more vulnerable to treatment.

This research is still in its infancy. But if successful, these insights could help researchers develop new treatments that are more effective back here on Earth.

The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. Microgravity in space may cause cancer − but on Earth, mimicking weightlessness could help researchers develop treatments – https://theconversation.com/microgravity-in-space-may-cause-cancer-but-on-earth-mimicking-weightlessness-could-help-researchers-develop-treatments-242895

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: One large Milky Way galaxy or many galaxies? 100 years ago, a young Edwin Hubble settled astronomy’s ‘Great Debate’

Source: The Conversation – USA – By Chris Impey, University Distinguished Professor of Astronomy, University of Arizona

The Andromeda galaxy helped Edwin Hubble settle a great debate in astronomy. Stocktrek Images via Getty Images

A hundred years ago, astronomer Edwin Hubble dramatically expanded the size of the known universe. At a meeting of the American Astronomical Society in January 1925, a paper read by one of his colleagues on his behalf reported that the Andromeda nebula, also called M31, was nearly a million light years away – too remote to be a part of the Milky Way.

Hubble’s work opened the door to the study of the universe beyond our galaxy. In the century since Hubble’s pioneering work, astronomers like me have learned that the universe is vast and contains trillions of galaxies.

Nature of the nebulae

In 1610, astronomer Galileo Galilei used the newly invented telescope to show that the Milky Way was composed of a huge number of faint stars. For the next 300 years, astronomers assumed that the Milky Way was the entire universe.

As astronomers scanned the night sky with larger telescopes, they were intrigued by fuzzy patches of light called nebulae. Toward the end of the 18th century, astronomer William Herschel used star counts to map out the Milky Way. He cataloged a thousand new nebulae and clusters of stars. He believed that the nebulae were objects within the Milky Way.

Charles Messier also produced a catalog of over 100 prominent nebulae in 1781. Messier was interested in comets, so his list was a set of fuzzy objects that might be mistaken for comets. He intended for comet hunters to avoid them since they did not move across the sky.

As more data piled up, 19th century astronomers started to see that the nebulae were a mixed bag. Some were gaseous, star-forming regions, such as the Orion nebula, or M42 – the 42nd object in Messier’s catalog – while others were star clusters such as the Pleiades, or M45.

A third category – nebulae with spiral structure – particularly intrigued astronomers. The Andromeda nebula, M31, was a prominent example. It’s visible to the naked eye from a dark site.

The Andromeda galaxy, then known as the Andromeda nebula, is a bright spot in the sky that intrigued early astronomers.

Astronomers as far back as the mid-18th century had speculated that some nebulae might be remote systems of stars or “island universes,” but there was no data to support this hypothesis. Island universes referred to the idea that there could be enormous stellar systems outside the Milky Way – but astronomers now just call these systems galaxies.

In 1920, astronomers Harlow Shapley and Heber Curtis held a Great Debate. Shapley argued that the spiral nebulae were small and in the Milky Way, while Curtis took a more radical position that they were independent galaxies, extremely large and distant.

At the time, the debate was inconclusive. Astronomers now know that galaxies are isolated systems of stars, much smaller than the space between them.

Hubble makes his mark

Edwin Hubble was young and ambitious. At the of age 30, he arrived at Mount Wilson Observatory in Southern California just in time to use the new Hooker 100-inch telescope, at the time the largest in the world.

Edwin Hubble uses the telescope at the Mount Wilson Observatory.
Hulton Archives via Getty Images

He began taking photographic plates of the spiral nebulae. These glass plates recorded images of the night sky using a light-sensitive emulsion covering their surface. The telescope’s size let it make images of very faint objects, and its high-quality mirror allowed it to distinguish individual stars in some of the nebulae.

Estimating distances in astronomy is challenging. Think of how hard it is to estimate the distance of someone pointing a flashlight at you on a dark night. Galaxies come in a very wide range of sizes and masses. Measuring a galaxy’s brightness or apparent size is not a good guide to its distance.

Hubble leveraged a discovery made by Henrietta Swan Leavitt 10 years earlier. She worked at the Harvard College Observatory as a “human computer,” laboriously measuring the positions and brightness of thousands of stars on photographic plates.

She was particularly interested in Cepheid variables, which are stars whose brightness pulses regularly, so they get brighter and dimmer with a particular period. She found a relationship between their variation period, or pulse, and their intrinsic brightness or luminosity.

Once you measure a Cepheid’s period, you can calculate its distance from how bright it appears using the inverse square law. The more distant the star is, the fainter it appears.

Hubble worked hard, taking images of spiral nebulae every clear night and looking for the telltale variations of Cepheid variables. By the end of 1924, he had found 12 Cepheids in M31. He calculated M31’s distance as a prodigious 900,000 light years away, though he underestimated its true distance – about 2.5 million light years – by not realizing there were two different types of Cepheid variables.

His measurements marked the end of the Great Debate about the Milky Way’s size and the nature of the nebulae. Hubble wrote about his discovery to Harlow Shapley, who had argued that the Milky Way encompassed the entire universe.

“Here is the letter that destroyed my universe,” Shapley remarked.

Always eager for publicity, Hubble leaked his discovery to The New York Times five weeks before a colleague presented his paper at the astronomers’ annual meeting in Washington, D.C.

An expanding universe of galaxies

But Hubble wasn’t done. His second major discovery also transformed astronomers’ understanding of the universe. As he dispersed the light from dozens of galaxies into a spectrum, which recorded the amount of light at each wavelength, he noticed that the light was always shifted to longer or redder wavelengths.

Light from the galaxy passes through a prism or reflects off a diffraction grating in a telescope, which captures the intensity of light from blue to red.

Astronomers call a shift to longer wavelengths a redshift.

It seemed that these redshifted galaxies were all moving away from the Milky Way.

Hubble’s results suggested the farther away a galaxy was, the faster it was moving away from Earth. Hubble got the lion’s share of the credit for this discovery, but Lowell Observatory astronomer Vesto Slipher, who noticed the same phenomenon but didn’t publish his data, also anticipated that result.

Hubble referred to galaxies having recession velocities, or speeds of moving away from the Earth, but he never figured out that they were moving away from Earth because the universe is getting bigger.

Belgian cosmologist and Catholic priest Georges Lemaitre made that connection by realizing that the theory of general relativity described an expanding universe. He recognized that space expanding in between the galaxies could cause the redshifts, making it seem like they were moving farther away from each other and from Earth.

Lemaitre was the first to argue that the expansion must have begun during the big bang.

Edwin Hubble is the namesake for NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope, which has spent decades observing faraway galaxies.
NASA via AP

NASA named its flagship space observatory after Hubble, and it has been used to study galaxies for 35 years. Astronomers routinely observe galaxies that are thousands of times fainter and more distant than galaxies observed in the 1920s. The James Webb Space Telescope has pushed the envelope even farther.

The current record holder is a galaxy a staggering 34 billion light years away, seen just 200 million years after the big bang, when the universe was 20 times smaller than it is now. Edwin Hubble would be amazed to see such progress.

Chris Impey does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. One large Milky Way galaxy or many galaxies? 100 years ago, a young Edwin Hubble settled astronomy’s ‘Great Debate’ – https://theconversation.com/one-large-milky-way-galaxy-or-many-galaxies-100-years-ago-a-young-edwin-hubble-settled-astronomys-great-debate-246759

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: HKETO, Brussels promotes Hong Kong’s advantages and maritime opportunities in Antwerp, Belgium (with photo)

Source: Hong Kong Government special administrative region

The Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office in Brussels (HKETO, Brussels) joined The Beacon and the Hong Kong Trade Development Council (HKTDC) to host a compelling “lunch and learn” session on January 23 (Antwerp time), in Antwerp, Belgium, aimed at promoting Hong Kong’s advantages and opportunities to European businesses and entrepreneurs in the maritime industry.

     Based in Antwerp, the most important port city of Belgium, The Beacon is a thriving community of forward-thinking companies dedicated to addressing challenges in cities, ports, and industries through digital innovation. As a hub for collaboration, The Beacon aims to inspire technology companies and drive impactful solutions for the future.

     In the sharing session, Deputy Representative of HKETO, Brussels, Miss Fiona Li provided an in-depth overview of Hong Kong’s robust economic fundamentals, its strategic role in connecting Belgian and European businesses to Asian markets, in particular its unique position as a gateway to the Greater Bay Area and Mainland China. Miss Li stated, “Hong Kong’s strong ground rules and distinctive advantages including the rule of law, free flow of capital, a free trade and investment regime and an efficient and clean government are kept under the “One Country, Two Systems” principle. Hong Kong’s ranking fourth in the 2024 Xinhua-Baltic International Shipping Centre Development Index is a testament to our strengths and the pivotal role in global shipping and international trade.”

     Miss Li also highlighted Hong Kong fleet’s high degree of safety and reliability, “Hong Kong-registered ships rank as the fourth largest in the world in terms of gross tonnage, and the Port State Control detention rate of Hong Kong-registered ships is only 0.81 per cent, which is significantly lower than the world average of 3.39 per cent”. Miss Li also shared with the participants on the latest policies regarding the maritime industry.

     During the sharing session, Marketing Manager, Frankfurt Office, HKTDC, Ms Kristie Chu had an intriguing dialogue with Editor-in-chief of Flows magazine Mr Koen Dejaeger on the experience of his participation in the Hong Kong Maritime Week in November 2024 and the latest opportunities in Hong Kong’s maritime sector.

MIL OSI Asia Pacific News –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: SBA Offers Relief to Florida Small Businesses and Private Nonprofits Hit by Hurricane Milton: Low Interest Disaster Loans Now Available!

Source: United States Small Business Administration

ATLANTA – The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) announced that low interest federal disaster loans are now available to small businesses and private nonprofit (PNP) organizations who sustained economic losses from the severe storm, tornadoes, and straight-line winds caused by Hurricane Milton on Oct. 9-10, 2024.

The disaster declaration covers the counties of Broward, Collier, Glades, Hendry, Martin, Miami-Dade, Okeechobee and Palm Beach.

Under this declaration, the SBA’s Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) program is available to eligible small businesses, small agricultural cooperatives, nurseries, and PNPs that suffered financial losses directly related to this disaster. The SBA is unable to provide disaster loans to agricultural producers, farmers, or ranchers, except for aquaculture enterprises. 

EIDLs are available for working capital needs caused by the disaster and are available even if the business or PNP did not suffer any physical damage. The loans may be used to pay fixed debts, payroll, accounts payable, and other bills that could have been paid had the disaster not occurred. 

“When disasters strike, businesses and nonprofits face significant challenges,” said Randle Logan, acting associate administrator for the SBA’s Office of Disaster Recovery and Resilience. “These SBA loans provide the financial support needed to manage costs and move forward with greater confidence.”

The loan amount can be up to $2 million with interest rates as low as 4% for small businesses and 3.25% for PNPs, with terms up to 30 years. Interest does not accrue, and payments are not due, until 12 months from the date of the first loan disbursement. The SBA sets loan amount terms based on each applicant’s financial condition. 

SBA’s disaster loan program has been replenished through the American Relief Act of 2025, signed into law by President Biden on December 21, 2024. 

For more information and to apply online visit SBA.gov/disaster. Applicants may also call SBA’s Customer Service Center at (800) 6592955 or email disastercustomerservice@sba.gov for information on SBA disaster assistance. For people who are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services. 

Submit completed loan applications to the SBA no later than Sept. 15, 2025.

###

About the U.S. Small Business Administration

The U.S. Small Business Administration helps power the American dream of business ownership. As the only go-to resource and voice for small businesses backed by the strength of the federal government, the SBA empowers entrepreneurs and small business owners with the resources and support they need to start, grow, expand their businesses, or recover from a declared disaster. It delivers services through an extensive network of SBA field offices and partnerships with public and private organizations. To learn more, visit http://www.sba.gov.

MIL OSI USA News –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: SBA Offers Relief to Maryland Small Businesses and Private Nonprofits Hit by Summer Drought: Low Interest Disaster Loans Now Available!

Source: United States Small Business Administration

ATLANTA – The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) announced that small businesses and private nonprofit (PNP) organizations in Maryland are eligible to apply for low interest federal disaster loans to offset economic losses caused by drought and excessive heat that occurred June 11 – Oct. 22, 2024.

The disaster declaration covers the counties of Anne Arundel, Baltimore City, Baltimore County, Calvert, Caroline, Carroll, Cecil, Charles, Dorchester, Harford, Howard, Kent, Montgomery, Prince George’s, Queen Anne’s, Somerset, St. Mary’s, Talbot and Wicomico in Maryland, as well as the counties of Sussex in Delaware, Lancaster and York in Pennsylvania, Alexandria, Fairfax County, King George, Northumberland, Prince William, Stafford and Westmoreland in Virginia, and the District of Columbia.

Under this declaration, the SBA’s Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) program is available to eligible small businesses, small agricultural cooperatives, nurseries, and PNPs that suffered financial losses directly related to this disaster. The SBA is unable to provide disaster loans to agricultural producers, farmers, or ranchers, except for aquaculture enterprises. 

EIDLs are available for working capital needs caused by the disaster and are available even if the business or PNP did not suffer any physical damage. The loans may be used to pay fixed debts, payroll, accounts payable, and other bills that could have been paid had the disaster not occurred. 

“When disasters strike, businesses and nonprofits face significant challenges,” said Randle Logan, acting associate administrator for the SBA’s Office of Disaster Recovery and Resilience. “These SBA loans provide the financial support needed to manage costs and move forward with greater confidence.”

The loan amount can be up to $2 million with interest rates as low as 4% for small businesses and 3.25% for PNPs, with terms up to 30 years. Interest does not accrue, and payments are not due, until 12 months from the date of the first loan disbursement. The SBA sets loan amount terms based on each applicant’s financial condition. 

SBA’s disaster loan program has been replenished through the American Relief Act of 2025, signed into law by President Biden on December 21, 2024. 

  For more information and to apply online visit SBA.gov/disaster. Applicants may also call SBA’s Customer Service Center at (800) 6592955 or email disastercustomerservice@sba.gov for information on SBA disaster assistance. For people who are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services. 

Submit completed loan applications to the SBA no later than Sept. 15, 2025.

###

About the U.S. Small Business Administration

The U.S. Small Business Administration helps power the American dream of business ownership. As the only go-to resource and voice for small businesses backed by the strength of the federal government, the SBA empowers entrepreneurs and small business owners with the resources and support they need to start, grow, expand their businesses, or recover from a declared disaster. It delivers services through an extensive network of SBA field offices and partnerships with public and private organizations. To learn more, visit http://www.sba.gov.

MIL OSI USA News –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: Relief Still Available to Lewis County Residents Hit by August Storm: Don’t Miss the Deadline to Apply for an SBA Disaster Loan

Source: United States Small Business Administration

ATLANTA – The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) is reminding eligible businesses, nonprofit organizations, homeowners and renters in Lewis County, New York of the Feb. 18 deadline to apply for low interest federal disaster loans to offset physical damage caused by the severe storm and flooding that occurred Aug. 18 – 19, 2024.

Eligible businesses and nonprofits are eligible to apply for business physical disaster loans and may borrow up to $2 million to repair or replace disaster-damaged or destroyed real estate, machinery and equipment, inventory, and other business assets.

Homeowners and renters are eligible to apply for home and personal property loans and may borrow up to $100,000 to replace or repair personal property, such as clothing, furniture, cars, and appliances. Homeowners may apply for up to $500,000 to replace or repair their primary residence.

Applicants may be eligible for a loan increase of up to 20% of their physical damages, as verified by the SBA, for mitigation purposes. Eligible mitigation improvements include insulating pipes, walls and attics, weather stripping doors and windows, and installing storm windows to help protect property and occupants from future disasters. 

“SBA disaster loans do more than repair damage, — they mitigate against future disasters,” said Randle Logan, acting associate administrator for the SBA’s Office of Disaster Recovery and Resilience. “Expanded funding is available to make pro-active property and building upgrades that protect homes and businesses from future storms.”

Interest rates are as low as 4% for businesses, 3.25% for nonprofits, and 2.813% for homeowners and renters, with terms up to 30 years. Interest does not begin to accrue, and payments are not due, until 12 months from the date of the first loan disbursement. The SBA sets loan amounts and terms, based on each applicant’s financial condition. 

The SBA also offers Economic Injury Disaster Loans (EIDLs) to help meet working capital needs, such as ongoing operating expenses for small businesses and private nonprofit organizations.  EIDL assistance is available regardless of whether the organization suffered any physical property damage.    

SBA’s disaster loan program has been replenished through the American Relief Act of 2025, signed into law by President Biden on December 21, 2024.  

For more information and to apply online visit SBA.gov/disaster. Applicants may also call SBA’s Customer Service Center at (800) 6592955 or email disastercustomerservice@sba.gov for information on SBA disaster assistance. For people who are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.  

Submit completed loan applications to SBA no later than Feb. 18, 2025. The deadline to submit economic injury applications is Sept. 22, 2025.

###

About the U.S. Small Business Administration 

The U.S. Small Business Administration helps power the American dream of business ownership. As the only go-to resource and voice for small businesses backed by the strength of the federal government, the SBA empowers entrepreneurs and small business owners with the resources and support they need to start, grow or expand their businesses, or recover from a declared disaster. It delivers services through an extensive network of SBA field offices and partnerships with public and private organizations. To learn more, visit http://www.sba.gov. 

MIL OSI USA News –

January 25, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: SBA Offers Relief to Georgia Small Businesses and Private Nonprofits Hit by Hurricane Helene: Low Interest Disaster Loans Now Available!

Source: United States Small Business Administration

ATLANTA – The U.S. Small Business Administration (SBA) announced that small businesses and private nonprofit (PNP) organizations in Georgia and surrounding states coastline are eligible to apply for low interest disaster loans to offset economic losses caused by Hurricane Helene on Oct. 26-27, 2024.

The disaster declaration covers the counties of Appling, Atkinson, Bacon, Baker, Baldwin, Ben Hill, Berrien, Bibb, Bleckley, Brantley, Brooks, Bryan, Bulloch, Burke, Camden, Candler, Charlton, Chatham, Chattahoochee, Clinch, Coffee, Colquitt, Columbia, Cook, Crisp, Decatur, Dodge, Dooley, Dougherty, Echols, Effingham, Elbert, Emanuel, Evans, Glascock, Glynn, Grady, Hancock, Houston, Irwin, Jeff Davis, Jefferson, Jenkins, Johnson, Jones, Lanier, Laurens, Lee, Liberty, Lincoln, Long, Lowndes, Marion, McDuffie, McIntosh, Miller, Mitchell, Montgomery, Oglethorpe, Pierce, Pulaski, Quitman, Randolph, Richmond, Screven, Seminole, Stewart, Sumter, Taliaferro, Tattnall, Telfair, Terrell, Thomas, Tift, Toombs, Treutlen, Turner, Twiggs, Ware, Warren, Washington, Wayne, Webster, Wheeler, Wilcox, Wilkes, Wilkinson and Worth in Georgia, as well as the counties of Barbour and Russell in Alabama, Baker, Columbia, Gadsden, Hamilton, Jefferson, Leon, Madison and Nassau in Florida, and Aiken, Allendale, Barnwell, Edgefield, Hampton, Jasper and McCormick in South Carolina.

Under this declaration, the SBA’s Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL) program is available to eligible small businesses, small agricultural cooperatives, nurseries, and PNPs that suffered financial losses directly related to this disaster. The SBA is unable to provide disaster loans to agricultural producers, farmers, or ranchers, except for aquaculture enterprises. 

EIDLs are available for working capital needs caused by the disaster and are available even if the business or PNP did not suffer any physical damage. The loans may be used to pay fixed debts, payroll, accounts payable, and other bills that could have been paid had the disaster not occurred. 

“When disasters strike, businesses and nonprofits face significant challenges,” said Randle Logan, acting associate administrator for the SBA’s Office of Disaster Recovery and Resilience. “These SBA loans provide the financial support needed to manage costs and move forward with greater confidence.”

The loan amount can be up to $2 million with interest rates as low as 4% for small businesses and 3.25% for PNPs, with terms up to 30 years. Interest does not accrue, and payments are not due, until 12 months from the date of the first loan disbursement. The SBA sets loan amount terms based on each applicant’s financial condition. 

SBA’s disaster loan program has been replenished through the American Relief Act of 2025, signed into law by President Biden on December 21, 2024. 

For more information and to apply online visit SBA.gov/disaster. Applicants may also call SBA’s Customer Service Center at (800) 6592955 or email disastercustomerservice@sba.gov for information on SBA disaster assistance. For people who are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services. 

Submit completed loan applications to the SBA no later than Sept. 15, 2025.

###

About the U.S. Small Business Administration

The U.S. Small Business Administration helps power the American dream of business ownership. As the only go-to resource and voice for small businesses backed by the strength of the federal government, the SBA empowers entrepreneurs and small business owners with the resources and support they need to start, grow, expand their businesses, or recover from a declared disaster. It delivers services through an extensive network of SBA field offices and partnerships with public and private organizations. To learn more, visit http://www.sba.gov.

MIL OSI USA News –

January 25, 2025

CONTACTS:	Anthony G. Voorhees	Michael Newman
	Chief Financial Officer	Investor Relations
	Key Tronic Corporation	StreetConnect
	(509) 927-5345	(206) 729-3625

Category: Business

Civilians helping often number in the thousands

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