MIL-OSI Submissions: AI is advancing even faster than sci-fi visionaries like Neal Stephenson imagined

Source: The Conversation – USA (2) – By Rizwan Virk, Faculty Associate, PhD Candidate in Human and Social Dimensions of Science and Technology, Arizona State University

In Stephenson’s novel ‘The Diamond Age,’ a device called the Young Lady’s Illustrated Primer offers emotional, social and intellectual support. Christopher Michel/Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA

Every time I read about another advance in AI technology, I feel like another figment of science fiction moves closer to reality.

Lately, I’ve been noticing eerie parallels to Neal Stephenson’s 1995 novel “The Diamond Age: Or, A Young Lady’s Illustrated Primer.”

“The Diamond Age” depicted a post-cyberpunk sectarian future, in which society is fragmented into tribes, called phyles. In this future world, sophisticated nanotechnology is ubiquitous, and a new type of AI is introduced.

Though inspired by MIT nanotech pioneer Eric Drexler and Nobel Prize winner Richard Feynman, the advanced nanotechnology depicted in the novel still remains out of reach. However, the AI that’s portrayed, particularly a teaching device called the Young Lady’s Illustrated Primer, isn’t only right in front of us; it also raises serious issues about the role of AI in labor, learning and human behavior.

In Stephenson’s novel, the Primer looks like a hardcover book, but each of its “pages” is really a screen display that can show animations and text, and it responds to its user in real time via AI. The book also has an audio component, which voices the characters and narrates stories being told by the device.

It was originally created for the young daughter of an aristocrat, but it accidentally falls into the hands of a girl named Nell who’s living on the streets of a futuristic Shanghai. The Primer provides Nell personalized emotional, social and intellectual support during her journey to adulthood, serving alternatively as an AI companion, a storyteller, a teacher and a surrogate parent.

The AI is able to weave fairy tales that help a younger Nell cope with past traumas, such as her abusive home and life on the streets. It educates her on everything from math to cryptography to martial arts. In a techno-futuristic homage to George Bernard Shaw’s 1913 play “Pygmalion,” the Primer goes so far as to teach Nell the proper social etiquette to be able to blend into neo-Victorian society, one of the prominent tribes in Stephenson’s balkanized world.

No need for ‘ractors’

Three recent developments in AI – in video games, wearable technology and education – reveal that building something like the Primer should no longer be considered the purview of science fiction.

In May 2025, the hit video game “Fortnite” introduced an AI version of Darth Vader, who speaks with the voice of the late James Earl Jones.

The estate of James Earl Jones gave Epic Games permission to use the late actor’s voice for an AI Darth Vader.
Jim Spellman/WireImage via Getty Images

While it was popular among fans of the game, the Screen Actors Guild lodged a labor complaint with Epic Games, the creator of “Fortnite.” Even though Epic had received permission from the late actor’s estate, the Screen Actors Guild pointed out that actors could have been hired to voice the character, and the company – in refusing to alert the union and negotiate terms – violated existing labor agreements.

In “The Diamond Age,” while the Primer uses AI to generate the fairy tales that train Nell, for the voices of these archetypal characters, Stephenson concocted a low-tech solution: The characters are played by a network of what he termed “ractors” – real actors working in a studio who are contracted to perform and interact in real time with users.

The Darth Vader “Fortnite” character shows that a Primer built today wouldn’t need to use actors at all. It could rely almost entirely on AI voice generation and have real-time conversations, showing that today’s technology already exceeds Stephenson’s normally far-sighted vision.

Recording and guiding in real time

Synthesizing James Earl Jones’ voice in “Fortnite” wasn’t the only recent AI development heralding the arrival of Primer-like technology.

I recently witnessed a demonstration of wearable AI that records all of the wearer’s conversations. Their words are then sent to a server so they can be analyzed by AI, providing both summaries and suggestions to the user about future behavior.

Several startups are making these “always on” AI wearables. In an April 29, 2025, essay titled “I Recorded Everything I Said for Three Months. AI Has Replaced My Memory,” Wall Street Journal technology columnist Joanna Stern describes the experience of using this technology. She concedes that the assistants created useful summaries of her conversations and meetings, along with helpful to-do lists. However, they also recalled “every dumb, private and cringeworthy thing that came out of my mouth.”

AI wearable devices that continuously record the conversations of their users have recently hit the market.

These devices also create privacy issues. The people whom the user interacts with don’t always know they are being recorded, even as their words are also sent to a server for the AI to process them. To Stern, the technology’s potential for mass surveillance becomes readily apparent, presenting a “slightly terrifying glimpse of the future.”

Relying on AI engines such as ChatGPT, Claude and Google’s Gemini, the wearables work only with words, not images. Behavioral suggestions occur only after the fact. However, a key function of the Primer – coaching users in real time in the middle of any situation or social interaction – is the next logical step as the technology advances.

Education or social engineering?

In “The Diamond Age,” the Primer doesn’t simply weave interactive fairy tales for Nell. It also assumes the responsibility of educating her on everything from her ABCs when younger to the intricacies of cryptography and politics as she gets older.

It’s no secret that AI tools, such as ChatGPT, are now being widely used by both teachers and students.

Several recent studies have shown that AI may be more effective than humans at teaching computer science. One survey found that 85% of students said ChatGPT was more effective than a human tutor. And at least one college, Morehouse College in Atlanta, is introducing an AI teaching assistant for professors.

There are certainly advantages to AI tutors: Tutoring and college tuition can be exorbitantly expensive, and the technology can offer better access to education to people of all income levels.

Pulling together these latest AI advances – interactive avatars, behavioral guides, tutors – it’s easy to envision how an AI device like the Young Lady’s Illustrated Primer could be created in the near future. A young person might have a personalized AI character that accompanies them at all times. It can teach them about the world and offer up suggestions for how to act in certain situations. The AI could be tailored to a child’s personality, concocting stories that include AI versions of their favorite TV and movie characters.

But “The Diamond Age” offers a warning, too.

Toward the end of the novel, a version of the Primer is handed out to hundreds of thousands of young Chinese girls who, like Nell, didn’t have access to education or mentors. This leads to the education of the masses. But it also opens the door to large-scale social engineering, creating an army of Primer-raised martial arts experts, whom the AI then directs to act on behalf of “Princess Nell,” Nell’s fairy tale name.

It’s easy to see how this sort of large-scale social engineering could be used to target certain ideologies, crush dissent or build loyalty to a particular regime. The AI’s behavior could also be subject to the whims of the companies or individuals that created it. A ubiquitous, always-on, friendly AI could become the ultimate monitoring and reporting device. Think of a kinder, gentler face for Big Brother that people have trusted since childhood.

While large-scale deployment of a Primer-like AI could certainly make young people smarter and more efficient, it could also hamper one of the most important parts of education: teaching people to think for themselves.

Rizwan Virk owns shares of investments funds which own stock in various private AI companies such as Open AI and X.ai. He owns public stock in Google and Microsoft. Virk has family members who work for a wearable AI company.

– ref. AI is advancing even faster than sci-fi visionaries like Neal Stephenson imagined – https://theconversation.com/ai-is-advancing-even-faster-than-sci-fi-visionaries-like-neal-stephenson-imagined-257509

MIL OSI –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI Submissions: Philadelphia’s $2B affordable housing plan relies heavily on municipal bonds, which can come with hidden costs for taxpayers

Source: The Conversation – USA (2) – By Jade Craig, Assistant Professor of Law, University of Mississippi

The Parker administration says it will issue $800 million in bonds over the next four years to fund affordable housing. Jeff Fusco/The Conversation, CC BY-NC-SA

Philadelphia Mayor Cherelle Parker’s Housing Opportunities Made Easy initiative, which was included in the city budget passed June 12, 2025, is an ambitious effort to address the city’s affordable housing challenges.

Parker has promised to create or preserve 30,000 affordable housing units throughout the city, at a cost of roughly US$2 billion.

To help fund the plan, the Parker administration says it will issue $800 million in housing bonds over the next three years.

In an April 2025 report on the housing plan, the Parker administration admits that, in light of declining federal investment in affordable housing, proceeds from municipal bonds issued by the local government “have taken on an outsized role” in Philadelphia’s housing programs.

Often, only city treasurers and the finance committees of city councils pay attention to the details behind these municipal bonds.

As a law professor who studies the social impact of municipal bonds, I believe it’s important that city residents understand how these bonds work as well.

While municipal bonds are integral to the city’s effort to increase access to affordable and market-rate housing, they can include hidden costs and requirements that raise prices in ways that make city services unaffordable for lower-income residents.

The Parker administration has vowed to create or preserve 30,000 affordable housing units in Philly through new construction, rehabilitation and expanded rental assistance.
Jeff Fusco/The Conversation, CC BY-SA

How municipal bonds work

Most people are aware that companies sell shares on the stock market to raise capital. State and local governments do the same thing in the form of municipal bonds, which help them raise money to cover their expenses and to finance infrastructure projects.

These bonds are a form of debt. Investors can purchase an interest in the bond and, in exchange, the local government promises to pay the money back with interest in a specified time period. The money from investors functions like a loan to the government.

Municipal bonds are often used so that one generation of taxpayers is not having to bear the full cost of a project that will benefit multiple generations of residents. The cost of building a bridge, for example, which will be in use for decades, can be spread out over 30 years so that residents pay back the loan slowly over time rather than saddle residents with huge tax increases one year to cover the cost.

However, the cost of borrowing pushes up the cost of projects by adding interest payments the same way a mortgage adds to the overall cost of buying a house. Overall, the market and state and local governments have historically viewed this cost as a worthy trade-off.

Some municipal bonds have limits

The Parker administration has several options when it comes to raising capital on the municipal market.

The most common method is through general obligation bonds, which are backed by the city’s authority to impose and collect taxes. Bondholders rely on the city’s “full faith and credit” to assure them that if the city has difficulty paying back the debt, the city will raise taxes on residents to secure the payment.

The city plans to use general obligation bonds to help fund its affordable housing plan, but there are limits on how much it can borrow this way. The state constitution limits Philadelphia’s ability to incur debt to a total of 13.5% of the value of its assessed taxable real estate, based on an average of this amount for the preceding 10 years.

Philadelphia is more affordable than several other big U.S. cities, according to a 2020 report from the Pew Charitable Trusts, but it has a high poverty rate.
Jeff Fusco/The Conversation, CC BY-SA

Philly has another option

The city, however, also has the authority to take on another form of debt: revenue bonds. Revenue bonds rely on specific sources of revenue instead of the government’s taxing power. Jurisdictions issue revenue bonds to fund particular projects or services – usually ones that generate income from fees paid by users.

For example, a publicly owned water utility or electric company relies on water and sewage fees or electricity rates and charges to pay back their revenue bonds. Likewise, a transportation authority will rely on tolls to pay back revenue bonds issued to build a toll road, such as the Pennsylvania Turnpike.

Under state law, revenue bonds are “non-debt debts.” They are not debts owed by the city, because the city has not promised to repay the debt through the use of its own taxing powers. Instead, the people who pay the fees to use the service are paying back the debt.

Since states began to place stricter limits on debt in the wake of the Great Depression in the 1930s, cities across the U.S. have increasingly used revenue bonds to get around state debt limits and still fund valuable public services, including affordable housing projects.

When another government entity – rather than the city – issues the bond, and the city pays them a service fee for doing so, it’s a form of what’s called conduit debt. That obligation to pay the service fee to the other government entity is the conduit debt that the city pays out of its general fund.

In Philadelphia, conduit debt includes revenue bonds issued by the Philadelphia Authority for Industrial Development and Philadelphia Redevelopment Authority.

From fiscal years 2012 to 2021, the city’s outstanding debt from general obligation bonds paid for out of its general fund was between $1.3 billion to $1.7 billion per year. However, the city’s conduit debt outstripped that number every year, ranging from $1.8 billion to nearly $2.3 billion. In more recent years, conduit debt has been less than the city’s debt from general obligation bonds.

The city keeps conduit debt on its books – and is obligated to pay it back – even though it comes from bonds issued by the development authorities, because these debts loop back to the city. In the bonds issued by these agencies, the city actually becomes like a client of the agency. The city is typically obligated to pay the agency service fees as part of a contractual obligation that cannot be canceled.

The revenue on which the development agencies’ bonds rely, the money from which bondholders expect to be paid back, does not come from fees that residents pay out of their own pocket – for example through ticket sales from a sports stadium built with revenue bonds. The money instead comes out of the city’s treasury.

A loophole to affordable housing

Essentially this is a loophole for the city to bypass debt limits set for Philadelphia in the state constitution. Sometimes creativity in government requires using loopholes to get the job done – to get to yes instead of a stalemate.

Consider this analogy. Say your sister takes out a bank loan to buy a car for you because your credit limit is maxed out. She is relying on you to pay her back, and she uses your payment to pay the bank. But if you don’t pay her back, she’s not responsible by law for paying the bank herself. So, it’s your debt, but she is the conduit.

If the city holds itself accountable, it can use conduit debt responsibly to make affordable housing construction a reality.

The mayor’s office did not respond to my questions about whether they plan to use conduit debt issued by a development authority, whether that conduit debt would include service fees, and what funds would be used to pay those fees.

In its quest to increase access to affordable housing, the Parker administration should, in my view, be mindful of limiting the service fees it agrees to pay – which have no legally prescribed limits – and also account for where it will find income to cover these costs. For example, will it come from the sale of city-owned land? Fees charged to developers? Or some other source?

Otherwise, taxpayers may be left to foot a bill that is essentially unlimited.

Read more of our stories about Philadelphia.

Jade Craig does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. Philadelphia’s $2B affordable housing plan relies heavily on municipal bonds, which can come with hidden costs for taxpayers – https://theconversation.com/philadelphias-2b-affordable-housing-plan-relies-heavily-on-municipal-bonds-which-can-come-with-hidden-costs-for-taxpayers-253522

MIL OSI –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI Submissions: Legal wrangling over estate of Jimmy Buffett turns his widow’s huge inheritance into a cautionary tale

Source: The Conversation – USA (2) – By Reid Kress Weisbord, Distinguished Professor of Law and Judge Norma Shapiro Scholar, Rutgers University – Newark

Musician Jimmy Buffett and his wife, Jane Slagsvol, attend a Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts event in 2018 in New York. Evan Agostini/Invision via AP

Lawyers often tell their clients that everyone should have a will that clearly states who should inherit their assets after they die. But even having a will is not necessarily enough to avoid a costly and contentious legal dispute.

Consider what happened after Jimmy Buffett died of skin cancer at the age of 76 in 2023. The singer and entrepreneurial founder of the Margaritaville brand ordered in his will that his fortune be placed in a trust after his death. To manage the trust, Buffett named two co-trustees: his widow, Jane Slagsvol, and Richard Mozenter, an accountant who had served as the singer’s financial adviser for more than three decades.

In dueling petitions filed in Los Angeles and Palm Beach, Florida, in June 2025, however, Slagsvol – identified as Jane Buffett in her legal filing – and Mozenter are both seeking to remove each other as a trustee.

The outcome of this litigation will determine who gets to administer Buffett’s US$275 million estate.

As law professors who specialize in trusts and estates, we teach graduate courses about the transfer of property during life and at death. We believe that the Buffett dispute offers a valuable lesson for anyone with an estate, large or small. And choosing the right person to manage the assets you leave behind can be just as important as selecting who will inherit your property.

Buffett’s business empire

Buffett’s estate includes valuable intellectual property from his hit songs, including “It’s 5 O’Clock Somewhere,” “Oldest Surfer on the Beach” and “Cheeseburger in Paradise.” Buffett’s albums have sold more than 20 million copies worldwide and continue to generate some $20 million annually in royalties. Buffett also owned a yacht, real estate, airplanes, fancy watches and valuable securities.

In addition, he owned a 20% stake in Margaritaville Holdings LLC, a brand management company he and Slagsvol founded in the 1990s. Margaritaville owns 30 restaurants and 20 hotels, along with vacation clubs, casinos and cruise ships. It also sells branded merchandise.

According to Slagsvol’s petition, Buffett’s trust was set up to benefit his widow. Slagsvol, who married Buffett in 1977, is one of two trustees of that trust, which is required to have at least one “independent trustee” in addition to her “at all times.” That requirement is stated expressly in Buffett’s trust declaration.

Slagsvol receives all income earned by the trust – an estate-planning technique for giving away property managed by a trustee on behalf of the trust beneficiaries – for the rest of her life. She can also receive additional trust funds for her health care, living expenses and “any other purpose” that the independent trustee – Mozenter, as of July 2025 – deems to be in Slagsvol’s best interests.

The estate plan also created separate trusts for their three children: Savannah, Sarah “Delaney” and Cameron Buffett, who are in their 30s and 40s. Each child reportedly received $2 million upon Jimmy’s death. When Slagsvol dies, she can decide who will receive any remaining assets from among Buffett’s descendants and charities.

The structure of Buffett’s plan is popular among wealthy married couples. It provides lifelong support for the surviving spouse while ensuring that their kids and grandchildren can inherit the remainder of their estate – even if that spouse remarries. This type of trust typically cannot be changed by the surviving spouse without court approval.

If you’re fortunate enough to reach your golden years with a sizable nest egg, it helps your loved ones if you can draft a detailed will. You might also want to consider establishing a trust.
Maskot/Getty Images

Dueling trustee removal petitions

Slagsvol is trying to remove Mozenter as the trust’s independent trustee.

She claims he refused to comply with her requests for financial information, failed to cooperate with her as her co-trustee, and hired a trust attorney who pressured her to resign as trustee. Slagsvol also raised numerous questions about the trust’s income projections and compensation paid to Mozenter for his services.

Mozenter’s petition, filed in Florida, is not available to the public. According to media coverage of this dispute, he seeks to remove Slagsvol as trustee. He claims that, during his decades-long role as Buffett’s financial adviser, the musician “expressed concerns about his wife’s ability to manage and control his assets after his death.”

That led Buffett to establish a trust, Mozenter asserted, “in a manner that precluded Jane from having actual control” over it.

Estate planning lessons

We believe that the public can learn two important estate planning lessons from this dispute.

First, anyone planning to leave an estate, whether modest or vast, needs to choose the right people to manage the transfer of their property after their death.

That might mean picking a professional executor or trustee who is not related to you. A professional may be more likely to remain neutral should any disputes arise within the family, but hiring one can saddle the estate with costly fees.

An alternative is to choose a relative or trusted friend who is willing to do this for free. About 56% of wills name an adult child or grandchild as executor, according to a recent study. Some estates, like Buffett’s trust, name both a professional and a family member. An important consideration is whether the people asked to manage the estate will get along with each other – and with anyone else who is slated to inherit from the estate.

The second lesson is, whether you choose a professional, a loved one or a friend to manage your estate, make clear what circumstances would warrant their removal. Courts are reluctant to remove a handpicked trustee without proof of negligence, fraud or disloyalty. But trustees can be removed when a breakdown in cooperation interferes with their ability to administer the estate or trust.

Some trusts anticipate such conflicts by allowing beneficiaries to replace a professional trustee with another professional trustee. That can resolve some disputes while avoiding the cost of seeking court approval.

Preventing disputes from erupting in the first place can help people avert the costly and embarrassing kind of litigation now ensnaring Jimmy Buffett’s estate.

The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. Legal wrangling over estate of Jimmy Buffett turns his widow’s huge inheritance into a cautionary tale – https://theconversation.com/legal-wrangling-over-estate-of-jimmy-buffett-turns-his-widows-huge-inheritance-into-a-cautionary-tale-259116

MIL OSI –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI Submissions: The rule of law is key to capitalism − eroding it is bad news for American business

Source: The Conversation – USA (2) – By Robert Bird, Professor of Business Law & Eversource Energy Chair in Business Ethics, University of Connecticut

Something dangerous is happening to the U.S. economy, and it’s not inflation or trade wars. Chaotic deregulation and the selective enforcement of laws have upended markets and investor confidence. At one point, the threat of tariffs and resulting chaos evaporated US$4 trillion in value in the U.S. stock market. This approach isn’t helping the economy, and there are troubling signs it will hurt both the U.S. and the global economy in the short and long term.

The rule of law – the idea that legal rules apply to everyone equally, regardless of wealth or political connections − is essential for a thriving economy. Yet globally the respect for the rule of law is slipping, and the U.S. is slipping with it. According to annual rankings from the World Justice Project, the rule of law has declined in more than half of all countries for seven years in a row. The rule of law in the U.S., the most economically powerful nation in the world, is now weaker than the rule of law in Uruguay, Singapore, Latvia and over 20 other countries.

When regulation is unnecessarily burdensome for business, government should lighten the load. However, arbitrary and frenzied deregulation does not free corporations to earn higher profits. As a business school professor with an MBA who has taught business law for over 25 years, and the author of a recently published book about the importance of legal knowledge to business, I can affirm that the opposite is true. Chaotic deregulation doesn’t drive growth. It only fuels risk.

Chaos undermines investment, talent and trust

Legal uncertainty has become a serious drag on American competitiveness.

A study by the U.S. Chamber of Commerce found that public policy risks — such as unexpected changes in taxes, regulation and enforcement — ranked among the top challenges businesses face, alongside more familiar business threats such as competition or economic volatility. Companies that can’t predict how the law might change are forced to plan for the worst. That means holding back on long-term investment, slowing innovation and raising prices to cover new risks.

When the government enforces rules arbitrarily, it also undermines property rights.

For example, if a country enters into a major trade agreement and then goes ahead and violates it, that threatens the property rights of the companies that relied on the agreement to conduct business. If the government can seize assets without due process, those assets lose their stability and value. And if that treatment depends on whether a company is in the government’s political favor, it’s not just bad economics − it’s a red flag for investors.

When government doesn’t enforce rules fairly, it also threatens people’s freedom to enter into contracts.

Consider presidential orders that threaten the clients of law firms that have challenged the administration with cancellation of their government contracts. The threat alone jeopardizes the value of those agreements.

If businesses can’t trust public contracts to be respected, they’ll be less likely to work with the government in the first place. This deprives the government, and ultimately the American people, of receiving the best value for their tax dollars in critical areas such as transportation, technology and national defense.

Regulatory chaos also allows corruption to spread.

For example, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, which prohibits businesses from bribing foreign government officials, has leveled the playing field for firms and enabled the best American companies to succeed on their merits. Before the law was enacted in 1977, some American companies felt pressured to pay bribes to compete. “Pausing” enforcement of the law, as the current presidential administration has done, increases the cost of doing business and encourages a wild west economy where chaos thrives.

When corruption grows, stable and democratic governments weaken, opportunities for terrorism increase and corruption-fueled authoritarian regimes, which oppose the interests of the U.S., thrive. Halting the enforcement of an anti-bribery law, even for a limited time, is an issue of national security.

Legal uncertainty fuels brain drain

Chaotic enforcement of the law also corrodes labor markets.

American companies require a strong pool of talented professionals to fuel their financial success. When legal rights are enforced arbitrarily or unjustly, the very best talent that American companies need may leave the country.

The science brain drain is already happening. American scientists have submitted 32% more applications for jobs abroad compared with last year. Nonscientists are leaving too. Ireland’s Department of Foreign Affairs has witnessed a 50% increase in Americans taking steps to obtain an Irish passport. Employers in the U.K. saw a spike in job applications from the United States.

Business from other countries will gladly accept American talent as they compete against American companies. During the Third Reich, Nazi Germany lost its best and brightest to other countries, including America. Now the reverse is happening, as highly talented Americans leave to work for firms in other nations.

Threats of arbitrary legal actions also drive away democratic allies and their prosperous populations that purchase American-made goods and services. For example, arbitrarily threatening to punish or even annex a closely allied nation does not endear its citizens to that government or the businesses it represents. So it’s no surprise that Canadians are now boycotting American goods and services. This is devastating businesses in American border towns and hurts the economy nationwide.

Similarly, the Canadian government has responded to whipsawing U.S. tariff announcements with counter-tariffs, which will slice the profits of American exporters. Close American allies and trading partners such as Japan, the U.K. and the European Union are also signaling their own willingness to impose retaliatory tariffs, increasing the costs of operations to American business even more.

Modern capitalism depends on smart regulation to thrive. Smart regulation is not an obstacle to capitalism. Smart regulation is what makes American capitalism possible. Smart regulation is what makes American freedom possible.

Clear and consistently applied legal rules allow businesses to aggressively compete, carefully plan, and generate profits. An arbitrary rule of law deprives business of the true power of capitalism – the ability to promote economic growth, spur innovation and improve the overall living standards of a free society. Americans deserve no less, and it is up to government to make that happen for everyone.

Robert Bird does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. The rule of law is key to capitalism − eroding it is bad news for American business – https://theconversation.com/the-rule-of-law-is-key-to-capitalism-eroding-it-is-bad-news-for-american-business-254922

MIL OSI –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI Submissions: Despite claims they’d move overseas after the election, most Americans are staying put

Source: The Conversation – USA – By Amanda Klekowski von Koppenfels, Honorary Reader in MIgration and Politics, University of Kent

Not that many people are preparing to leave the U.S. gerenme/E+ via Getty Images

Based on pronouncements in 2024, you might think now is the time to see U.S. citizens streaming out of the country. Months before the 2024 presidential election, Americans were saying they would leave should candidate Donald Trump win the election. Gallup polling in 2024 found that 21% of Americans wanted to leave the United States permanently, more than double the 10% who had said so in 2011.

And indeed in June 2025, a Vermont legislator announced that she was resigning her seat and moving to Canada because of political concerns and economic opportunities. To be sure, people are moving. Even so, as a scholar of American migration overseas, my research finds that the vast majority of Americans are not about to depart for greener shores.

A western Massachusetts group

In October 2024, I surveyed 68 Americans in western Massachusetts, an area with a slight Democratic majority, asking if they wanted to leave the United States for a lengthy period of time, but not necessarily permanently. Over 90% said no, noting that there were factors limiting their mobility, such as financial obligations or having a partner who would not move, and that there were reasons that made them want to stay, such as owning property and having friends nearby.

Just three respondents indicated they were making plans to move, while an additional 11 said they wanted to move “someday.”

Reality strikes

After the November 2024 election, I interviewed seven of those respondents, two of whom had said prior to the election that they might leave the United States. After the election, they all said they planned to stay.

One who had said she wanted to leave acknowledged her reversal, saying: “I may have flippantly said, ‘Oh, if (Trump) gets voted in … I would leave,’ but I can’t see leaving. Part of it is because of my daughter,” who had recently become a mother. She continued, “It’s never crossed my mind seriously enough to even research it.”

Another told me, “I’m not going to let somebody push me out of what I consider my country and my home because he’s a jerk.”

Others spoke of needing to work several more years in order to receive a pension, or having family responsibilities keeping them in the country. None supported the current administration.

On a national level

In two nationally representative surveys, my colleague Helen B. Marrow, a sociologist of immigration, and I found no significant increase in migration aspiration between 2014 and 2019. We also found that respondents mentioned exploration and adventure much more often than political or economic reasons for wanting to move abroad.

Even though the U.S. passport grants visa-free visitor access to more than 180 countries, U.S. citizens still need residence and work visas. At home, they, like others, have family commitments and financial constraints, or may just not want to leave home. More than 95% of the world’s population do not move abroad – and U.S. citizens are no different.

Relocation coaching

In addition to my academic research on overseas Americans, I am also an international relocation coach. I help Americans considering a move abroad navigate the emotional, practical and professional complexities of relocation, whether they’re just starting to explore the idea or actively planning their next steps.

Many of my clients do not want to live in a United States that no longer aligns with their values, while others are concerned about their safety, particularly, but not only, due to racism or homophobia. They are finding jobs overseas, retiring abroad or acquiring a European citizenship through a parent or grandparent. Most recently, American academics seeking to leave are being courted by European universities.

But most are staying

In February 2025, a national poll found that 4% of Americans said they were “definitely planning to move” to another country.

That same month, I followed up with my seven interviewees from western Massachusetts, including one trans man. They all reiterated their choice to remain in the United States. One person, who might move abroad at some point, told me she hadn’t changed her mind about leaving soon: “Leaving doesn’t necessarily mean anything will be better for me, even if it was a financial possibility.”

Two people said that recent political developments actually meant that they were more committed to remaining in the United States. One told me, “Now, more than ever, individuals need to figure out what small actions can be taken to help our fellow Americans get through this dark period.”

But even those “definitely planning on moving” can have other factors intervene. Two clients of mine who were making serious plans had to stop when family members’ health situations changed for the worse.

So how many people are actually leaving? It is clear that a growing number of Americans are considering a move abroad. But far fewer are conducting serious research, seeking professional consultation or actually moving. Drawing on available data, my own academic research and my coaching experience, my educated estimate is that no more than 1% to 2% of U.S. citizens are actively making viable plans to leave the country. Nor are all of those leaving out of protest; many are still motivated by exploration, adventure, employment or to be with a partner.

Even so, that figure is roughly 3 million to 6 million people – which would be a significant increase over the estimated 5.5 million Americans currently living abroad. As with many migration flows, even the movement of a small percentage of a population can still have the potential to reshape both the United States and its overseas population.

Amanda Klekowski von Koppenfels does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. Despite claims they’d move overseas after the election, most Americans are staying put – https://theconversation.com/despite-claims-theyd-move-overseas-after-the-election-most-americans-are-staying-put-250728

MIL OSI –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI Europe: The EIB Group joins the Debt Pause Clause Alliance

Source: European Investment Bank

Debt pause clauses allow for the postponement of debt servicing during climate, health, or other crises, freeing up resources for response and recovery without compromising long-term economic and social sustainability.
The initiative, led by Spain and co-led by the EIB, is part of the agreements reached at the IV International Conference on Financing for Development, held in Seville.
The alliance remains an open and flexible coalition and brings together many countries and major multilateral banks

Spain, with the support of other countries and major multilateral development banks such as the European Investment Bank Group, unveiled the Debt Pause Clause Alliance at the IV International Conference on Financing for Development in Seville.

These clauses allow for the temporary suspension of debt payments in the face of extraordinary events — such as natural disasters, food crises, or health emergencies — offering borrowing countries immediate fiscal space to respond to the crisis without jeopardizing their solvency or their ability to meet social expenses. Their adoption promotes a more resilient and predictable development financing framework in times of crisis.

The alliance is an international coalition that seeks to accelerate the systematic inclusion of these clauses in public and private financial instruments. Additionally, it seeks to develop common principles and standard contractual language, thus generating transparent regulation that mobilizes the private sector.

The co-leaders of the initiative include the Inter-American Development Bank, the European Investment Bank, the African Development Bank, the Development Bank of Latin America and the Caribbean, the Asian Development Bank, as well as the governments of Barbados, Canada, Spain, France, and the United Kingdom.

The EIB has made Debt Pause Clauses available for contracts on its new operations in 70 countries.

“As the financial arm of the European Union, the EIB is offering solutions to countries and communities to ensure the most vulnerable are not left behind. In the past year, the EIB has made climate resilient debt clauses available to 70 developing countries around the world. Today, we show our commitment to global partnerships for prosperity, win win outcomes and peace,” said Nadia Calviño, president of the European Investment Bank.

MIL OSI Europe News –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI Europe: Poland: EIB Group backs car platform VEHIS to boost SME financing, inclusion and green mobility

Source: European Investment Bank

VEHIS commits to originate PLN 2.6 billion of auto leases for the benefit of Polish SMEs.
The new lending is enabled by a cash securitisation whereby VEHIS obtains funding from EIB and from an external investor backed by EIF.
The operation will support financing of low carbon road vehicles and financing of women-led businesses, and contribute to regional development and economic inclusion across Poland.

The European Investment Bank (EIB) Group is joining forces with Polish car platform VEHIS to expand access to financing for a range of businesses in Poland. The EIB Group, which also includes the European Investment Fund (EIF), will back auto leases by VEHIS so that the company can boost lending to Polish small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and Mid-Caps.

The operation will contribute to regional development and economic inclusion across Poland. It will further support gender equality and the green transition through targeted financing for women-led businesses and electric vehicles.

Under the agreement, the EIB will invest PLN 637 million (€150 million) in notes backed by auto leases originated by VEHIS, and the EIF will provide guarantees to a third-party, enabling it to purchase notes for an amount of similar size. The operation aims to generate a new portfolio of SME and Mid-Cap leases totalling PLN 2.6 billion.

At least 30% of the new car financing by VEHIS will go to women-led businesses and at least 10% will support climate action including electric-vehicle leasing.

“This transaction is a great example of how we can use capital markets tools to deliver real impact for small businesses,” said Marjut Falkstedt, Chief Executive of the EIF. “By working with VEHIS, we’re helping to channel funding where it’s needed most — to entrepreneurs driving innovation, inclusion and sustainability across Poland.”

Under the accord, the EIB’s investment will be in the senior class notes of a securitisation of VEHIS auto leases and the EIF guarantees will enable the third party to invest in the senior class and mezzanine class notes of the same transaction.

“Together with the EIB and EIF, we are carrying out the first securitization of a portfolio built under warehouse financing in the history of the Polish market. This is a unique moment of appreciation for us by leading European financial institutions and another important step that will allow us to continue our dynamic growth. Thanks to the cooperation, we will be able to continue active SME financing, including supporting women-led businesses, as well as financing low-emission cars,” said Jan Bujak, CFO of VEHIS.

The operation will also contribute to regional development in Poland by enabling VEHIS to reach more entrepreneurs in underserved market segments and in areas where per capita income is below the European Union average.

“Supporting SMEs is at the heart of what we do at the EIB Group,” commented Teresa Czerwińska, Vice-President of the EIB. “This partnership with VEHIS will not only help businesses grow but also promote gender equality and accelerate the shift to cleaner transport. It’s a smart, targeted investment in Poland’s future.”

Technical note on the securitisation transaction

The transaction is structured as a cash securitisation of a granular portfolio of performing auto leases originated by VEHIS and sold to a securitisation special purpose entity (Issuer). EIB purchases class A1 notes issued by the Issuer. EIF simultaneously, through bilateral financial guarantees agreed with an institutional investor, takes exposure to class A2 notes (ranking pari passu with the mentioned class A1 notes) and to class B notes (characterised by higher credit risk compared to the class A1 and class A2 notes) issued by the Issuer. VEHIS effectively retains credit exposure to the securitised lease exposures by purchasing and retaining the most junior notes (characterised by higher credit risk than the class A and class B notes) issued by the Issuer. The notes and the securitised exposures pay floating interest and are denominated in polish zloty.

The reference portfolio consists of more than 9,000 leases, 100% secured by light vehicles and with c. 90% of lessees in the form of SMEs. The transaction is non-revolving and includes standard credit enhancement features such as subordination, excess spread, use of a cash reserve and a principal deficiency ledger.

Background information

About EIB Group
The European Investment Bank (ElB) is the long-term lending institution of the European Union, owned by its Member States. Built around eight core priorities, we finance investments that contribute to EU policy objectives by bolstering climate action and the environment, digitalisation and technological innovation, security and defence, cohesion, agriculture and bioeconomy, social infrastructure, the capital markets union, and a stronger Europe in a more peaceful and prosperous world.

The EIB Group, which also includes the European Investment Fund (EIF), signed nearly €89 billion in new financing for over 900 high-impact projects in 2024, boosting Europe’s competitiveness and security.

The Group’s latest Investment Survey (EIBIS) showed Poland fares better than European Union peers when it comes to gender equality in business management.

To enhance the positive impact of its activities on gender equality and empower women and girls, the EIB Group has embedded gender equality goals into its business model through a dedicated Strategy on Gender Equality and Women’s Economic Empowerment and a Gender Action Plan. These guide its lending, blending, and advisory work both within and outside the European Union. In 2024, EIB financing for gender equality represented more than €3 billion across over 40 projects. The EIB also applies global gender-lens investing criteria (“2X”) and is committed to promoting gender equality in the workplace. You can find more information here on the EIB gender equality initiatives.

About VEHIS

VEHIS is a car platform that allows customers to select and purchase a vehicle along with the relevant financing options. The offer encompasses all car brands available on the Polish market from key dealers, along with financing options in the form of leasing.

VEHIS provides full support throughout the period of vehicle use, including a special insurance package, GPS monitoring and service support for the car, as well as handling traffic damage claims.

VEHIS advisors working in 18 VEHIS branches across Poland support customers in choosing a car, its financing and insurance. The entire process can be completed online through the website or with the remote assistance of an advisor.

The platform offers a selection of over 10,000 cars at competitive prices from 200 dealers. These offers are updated almost in real time, thanks to IT tools developed by VEHIS.

VEHIS’ strategic investor is Enterprise Investors, one of the oldest and largest private equity firms in Central and Eastern Europe.

MIL OSI Europe News –

July 3, 2025

Can carbon pricing curb climate change and where does India stand?

Source: Government of India

Source: Government of India (4)

Carbon pricing is increasingly recognized worldwide as a powerful tool to combat the devastating impacts of climate change. But what exactly is it, and how does it work? Let’s explore this transformative approach to driving a greener and more sustainable future.

Carbon pricing is a policy mechanism that puts a financial cost on greenhouse gas emissions. This policy tool is primarily aimed at discouraging emitters of the greenhouse gas especially carbon dioxide and encouraging individuals, industries and other stakeholders to reduce such emissions to save the mother earth, as climate change is causing a great deal of damage in almost every part of the world, which appears irreparable in several cases.

Driven largely by the excessive emission of greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, climate change is increasingly posing a critical threat to global ecosystems, economies and societies. In the process, one of the most effective tools developed to mitigate these emissions is carbon pricing. This mechanism mandates to internalize the environmental damage caused by pollution, thus encouraging industries and consumers to reduce their carbon footprint.

To understand it lucidly, carbon pricing is an economic strategy designed to reduce global warming. It reflects the cost of carbon emissions in the market, encouraging emitters to either reduce their emissions or pay for the same. In simple terms, it is a kind of financial penalty imposed on the release of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere by the people, industries or other stakeholders.

There are two primary forms of carbon pricing- carbon tax and cap-and-trade. Each of these mechanisms puts a price on carbon, but in different ways. While, carbon tax directly sets a price on carbon by defining a tax rate on greenhouse gas emissions or more commonly on the carbon content of fossil fuels, making it easier for businesses to plan future investments.

Besides, carbon tax is imposed by the government on on fossil fuels like coal, oil and gas based on their carbon content. The higher the emissions associated with a fuel, the higher the tax, making high emission fuels more expensive, thus encouraging a shift towards cleaner energy sources. For example, Sweden has one of the highest carbon taxes in the world, set at around $130 per tonne of CO₂. The country has reduced carbon emissions significantly while maintaining economic growth since its adoption of the mechanism in 1991.

On the other hand, under Cap-and-Trade or Emissions Trading System (ETS), the government sets a total cap on emissions and distributes or auctions emission permits to emitters. Companies can buy and sell these allowances, creating a market for carbon emissions. Without doubt, a cap limits total emissions for a group of industries or the entire economy.

In this system, companies receive or purchase allowances representing the right to emit a specific amount of CO2, and if a company emits less than its allowance, it can sell the surplus to other companies. Similarly, if a company exceeds the allowance level, it must buy more. Here, it is interesting to note that the cap doesn’t remain fixed, but is gradually reduced over time to decrease total emissions.

The European Union emissions trading system is the largest and most established cap-and-trade system, as it covers more than 11,000 power plants and factories across Europe and is a cornerstone of the EU’s climate policy.

However, a number of countries worldwide have adopted carbon pricing mechanisms including those in Europe. Canada, China, Japan, South Korea, USA, New Zealand, Britain, South Africa, Mexico, Kazakhstan, Singapore, Colombia, Ukrain, Indonesia, Vietnam and a few others have already adopted different mechanisms. The pioneers in the process are Sweden and Finland. While Sweden introduced it in 1991, Finland was the first country to introduce a carbon tax in 1990.

While, the impacts of climate change are widespread, serious experienced across the globe, the trends to contain it through carbon pricing mechanisms are also encouraging. According to estimates, as of now, carbon pricing mechanisms cover about 23% of global greenhouse gas emissions. The total global value of carbon pricing instruments in operation exceeds $100 billion annually.

At the same time, there is a growing push for international coordination, especially through article 6 of the Paris Agreement, which allows countries to trade emissions reductions. Thus, the carbon market has grown rapidly in the past decade, fueled by increased climate commitments under the Paris Agreement and the development of regional and national carbon pricing mechanisms.

To know more about how different countries of the world are responding to these initiatives, we can approach to the World Bank’s Carbon Pricing Dashboard, which provides a comprehensive overview of carbon pricing initiatives worldwide, including their design, coverage and price levels. The World Bank report on the trends of carbon pricing also shows a significant increase in the number of operational carbon pricing instruments and highlights the growing trend of carbon pricing globally.

In recent years, especially since Narendra Modi government came at the Centre, India has also been rapidly advancing toward a structured and regulated carbon pricing ecosystem. It is a part of India’s broader climate and sustainable development agenda.

Amid the growing global focus on carbon markets and emissions trading, India is taking significant steps toward establishing a rate-based Emissions Trading System (ETS) along with complementary voluntary carbon credit mechanisms. The World Bank’s ‘State and Trends of Carbon Pricing 2025’ report highlights India’s expanding role as a key emerging economy shaping the future of global climate finance and carbon pricing architecture.

Rate-based ETS refers to a system where total emissions are not capped but individual entities are allocated a performance benchmark that serves as a limit on their net emissions. Rate-based ETSs offer additional flexibility in managing future growth uncertainty as well as international competitiveness concerns.

India’s Carbon Credit Trading Scheme (CCTS) is a strategic initiative aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions through carbon pricing. It comprises two main components- a compliance mechanism for obligated entities, especially for the industrial sector and an offset mechanism to enable voluntary participation.

The scheme being worked out in India, is designed to incentivize and support efforts toward decarbonizing the Indian economy. By establishing the necessary institutional framework, the CCTS has laid the groundwork for the development of the Indian Carbon Market (ICM).

It’s heartening to note here that carbon pricing is no longer a niche policy meant for only rich countries, now it has become a mainstream tool for climate action worldwide including India and other developing countries. Whether through carbon taxes or emissions trading systems, countries are finding ways to internalize the environmental costs of carbon and transition toward a low-carbon future, which augur well for the future of the planet.

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI NGOs: Activism Less than 3% of protest arrests result in charges as ‘right to protest’ campaign launches Civil society groups concerned about politicised policing launch nationwide billboard campaign to stand up for right to protest New research by Greenpeace indicates that the Metropolitan Police have regularly arrested… by Graham Thompson July 3, 2025

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

Civil society groups concerned about politicised policing launch nationwide billboard campaign to stand up for right to protest

New research by Greenpeace indicates that the Metropolitan Police have regularly arrested protesters when there is an extremely low chance of them ever being charged. Officers made more than 600 arrests in London over the last six years for conspiracy to cause public nuisance but only 18 of them (2.8%) resulted in charges. The research also showed an almost tenfold rise in the number of arrests in the capital since 2019, when environmental protests became widespread.

These numbers support the belief, widespread amongst activists and protesters, that the police are abusing this offence and other anti-protest laws to remove and intimidate peaceful protesters.

Greenpeace used Freedom of Information requests to find out how many people were arrested between 2012 and March 2025 on suspicion of conspiracy to cause a public nuisance – an offence under the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Act 2022 that is frequently used by the police to clear protesters from the streets.

Areeba Hamid, co-executive director of Greenpeace UK said: “The fact that police are routinely dragging protesters off the streets for a crime they almost always fail to charge them with amounts to an abuse of their powers and an assault on the right to protest. Arresting law-abiding people because they’re politically inconvenient is a frightening development in any democracy, and is a direct result of the government’s instinct to shut down free speech and prevent people standing up for issues they care deeply about.”

The findings come as four leading environmental and human rights groups – Amnesty International UK, Friends of the Earth, Greenpeace and Liberty – launch a nationwide advertising campaign to stand up for the right to protest. The campaign features videos of real protesters on a range of issues holding placards that say ‘I’m protesting in here to avoid arrest out there’.

The protesters appear on digital billboards clustered in popular shopping areas in London, Birmingham and Manchester, given free to the campaign as the prize in Ocean Outdoor’s annual Digital Creative Competition. Digital special effects by creative agency ‘elvis’ make the protesters appear to be present on the street, like a virtual protest march. They each represent a different cause including disability rights, Gaza, climate change, anti-black racism, plastic pollution and the campaign to keep the NHS public.

Khalid Abdallah, an actor and protester for Palestinian rights from London who appears in the campaign, said: “I think a lot of people don’t realise that the crackdown on protest isn’t just about tougher laws on disruptive civil disobedience, it’s about creating a climate of intimidation. The right to speak out against the actions of the government is an important test of whether you live in a free, democratic country. I have lived in countries where rights we hold dear in Britain do not exist, and my family has paid the price for speaking out. So I did not expect Britain to be the country where I would first be investigated by police for my participation at a public protest. For six months I lived under the threat of being charged, until it was confirmed the police would not take further action. Clearly, these statistics show I’m not an isolated case.”

Ocean Outdoor / elvis

Researchers at Greenpeace asked the Metropolitan Police to provide data on arrests and charges for public nuisance offences between 2012 and March 2025. They found there had been 67 arrests and 8 charges for conspiring to cause a public nuisance between 2012 and the end of 2018, compared with 638 arrests and 18 charges since 2019, equating to an almost tenfold increase in arrests. The rate of arrests resulting in charges also dropped from around 12% to below 3%.

The sharp increase in 2019 happened around the same time that Extinction Rebellion and Fridays for Future brought thousands of people onto the streets of London to protest against the lack of action to tackle climate change. Since then, successive governments have passed additional anti-protest laws giving police officers a wider range of offences to choose from, many carrying lengthy custodial sentences, resulting in hundreds of protesters being arrested and some being handed record prison sentences of up to five years.

Greenpeace and the other groups are calling on the Home Secretary to restore people’s right to make their voices heard on issues they care about by reversing anti-protest measures in two key pieces of legislation passed since 2022. They are also asking ministers to strike out protest clauses in the Crime and Policing Bill currently making its way through parliament.

ENDS

Contact

Greenpeace UK Press Office – press.uk@greenpeace.org or 020 7865 8255

Notes to editors

Download images of the activists here: https://media.greenpeace.org/Detail/27MZIFJR3CJNV

Further stills and video footage from the campaign will become available from the link above from the first of July onwards.

Total arrests and charges made by the Metropolitan Police for conspiracy to cause public nuisance, 2012-2025:

	Arrests	Charges	Charges as % of arrests
2012	34	2	5.9%
2013	0	0	n/a
2014	0	0	n/a
2015	11	4	36.4%
2016	19	2	10.5%
2017	1	0	0.0%
2018	2	0	0.0%
Total 1 Jan 2012-31 Dec 2018	67	8	11.9%
2019	205	6	2.9%
2020	46	0	0.0%
2021	272	0	0.0%
2022	55	12	21.8%
2023	27	0	0.0%
2024	33	0	0.0%
2025(1 Jan – 21 Mar)	0	0	n/a
Total 1 Jan 2019-21 Mar 2025	638	18	2.8%

The full dataset on arrests and charges is available here

“Conspiracy to commit public nuisance is a serious offence under UK law that involves a group of people agreeing to cause harm, disruption, or obstruction to the public. Whether it’s blocking roads, interfering with emergency services, or creating safety risks, this offence can lead to severe legal consequences, even if the nuisance doesn’t actually happen.” https://www.moeenco.com/conspiracy-to-commit-public-nuisance

The campaign

The six protestors featured in the advertising campaign are:

Khalid Abdallah, an actor and protester for Palestinian rights from London
Dr Helen Salisbury, GP and protestor for Keep Our NHS Public from Oxfordshire
Andy Greene, a disability rights activist with Disabled People Against the Cuts from London
Andrew McParland, climate activist and Greenpeace UK board member from Birmingham
Jen Reid, author of ‘A Hero Like Me’ and Black Lives Matter activist from Bristol
Sahanika Ratnayake, an academic who protests on environmental issues from Manchester

The advertising campaign was awarded the Gold prize in the non-profit category of Ocean Outdoor’s annual Digital Creative Competition which seeks bold, original work that pushes the boundaries of ‘Digital Out of Home’ advertising. It launches on 3rd July across Ocean’s city centre Loop networks in Birmingham and Manchester, and in a high footfall area of Westfield Stratford City in London on billboards in close proximity to each other to replicate a real protest. The campaign was created and shot by elvis.

About elvis

elvis is an award-winning B-Corp certified creative agency that works with some of the world’s most ambitious brands. The agency’s mission is to use unexpected & unforgettable creativity to help people and brands grow in a better way. Not only is this based on the fundamental role that impact and salience play in the most powerful creative work, but also reflects the agency’s B Corp status. elvis won the non-profit category in the 2024 Ocean Outdoor Competition with their ‘Can’t arrest this billboard’ idea, in partnership with Greenpeace. elvislondon.com

About Ocean Outdoor

A partner company of Atairos, the independent strategic investment company, Ocean Outdoor is the leading operator of Digital Out of Home (DOOH) advertising across the UK and Europe. The Group’s network of 4,000+ screens covers seven countries, with its technological capabilities delivering impactful and measurable DOOH brand and advertising experiences. Ocean’s portfolio covers iconic locations including the Piccadilly Lights and the BFI IMAX, and the company works closely with high-profile landlords, as well as major city councils, on the development of its network. Since 2018, Ocean has expanded into the Netherlands and the Nordics. Ocean Germany launched in 2024.

The campaign organisations

Liberty challenges injustice, defends freedom and campaigns for everyone in the UK to be treated fairly, with dignity and respect. Since 1934 we’ve inspired and empowered people to defend their rights, and the rights of their family, friends and communities. Join us. Stand up to power.

Amnesty International is the world’s largest human rights organisation with over 10 million supporters, working to protect people wherever justice, freedom, truth and dignity are denied. Amnesty International is a recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.

Friends of the Earth England, Wales and Northern Ireland (EWNI) is the UK’s largest grassroots network. We’re part of a global environmental justice community dedicated to the protection of the natural world and the wellbeing of everyone in it. We bring together more than two million people in 70 countries, combining people power all over the world to transform local actions into global impact.

Greenpeace is a movement of people who are passionate about defending the natural world from destruction. Our vision is a greener, healthier and more peaceful planet, one that can sustain life for generations to come.

MIL OSI NGO –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI NGOs: Activism Less than 3% of protest arrests result in charges as ‘right to protest’ campaign launches Civil society groups concerned about politicised policing launch nationwide billboard campaign to stand up for right to protest New research by Greenpeace indicates that the Metropolitan Police have regularly arrested… by Graham Thompson July 3, 2025

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

Civil society groups concerned about politicised policing launch nationwide billboard campaign to stand up for right to protest

New research by Greenpeace indicates that the Metropolitan Police have regularly arrested protesters when there is an extremely low chance of them ever being charged. Officers made more than 600 arrests in London over the last six years for conspiracy to cause public nuisance but only 18 of them (2.8%) resulted in charges. The research also showed an almost tenfold rise in the number of arrests in the capital since 2019, when environmental protests became widespread.

These numbers support the belief, widespread amongst activists and protesters, that the police are abusing this offence and other anti-protest laws to remove and intimidate peaceful protesters.

Greenpeace used Freedom of Information requests to find out how many people were arrested between 2012 and March 2025 on suspicion of conspiracy to cause a public nuisance – an offence under the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Act 2022 that is frequently used by the police to clear protesters from the streets.

Areeba Hamid, co-executive director of Greenpeace UK said: “The fact that police are routinely dragging protesters off the streets for a crime they almost always fail to charge them with amounts to an abuse of their powers and an assault on the right to protest. Arresting law-abiding people because they’re politically inconvenient is a frightening development in any democracy, and is a direct result of the government’s instinct to shut down free speech and prevent people standing up for issues they care deeply about.”

The findings come as four leading environmental and human rights groups – Amnesty International UK, Friends of the Earth, Greenpeace and Liberty – launch a nationwide advertising campaign to stand up for the right to protest. The campaign features videos of real protesters on a range of issues holding placards that say ‘I’m protesting in here to avoid arrest out there’.

The protesters appear on digital billboards clustered in popular shopping areas in London, Birmingham and Manchester, given free to the campaign as the prize in Ocean Outdoor’s annual Digital Creative Competition. Digital special effects by creative agency ‘elvis’ make the protesters appear to be present on the street, like a virtual protest march. They each represent a different cause including disability rights, Gaza, climate change, anti-black racism, plastic pollution and the campaign to keep the NHS public.

Khalid Abdallah, an actor and protester for Palestinian rights from London who appears in the campaign, said: “I think a lot of people don’t realise that the crackdown on protest isn’t just about tougher laws on disruptive civil disobedience, it’s about creating a climate of intimidation. The right to speak out against the actions of the government is an important test of whether you live in a free, democratic country. I have lived in countries where rights we hold dear in Britain do not exist, and my family has paid the price for speaking out. So I did not expect Britain to be the country where I would first be investigated by police for my participation at a public protest. For six months I lived under the threat of being charged, until it was confirmed the police would not take further action. Clearly, these statistics show I’m not an isolated case.”

Ocean Outdoor / elvis

Researchers at Greenpeace asked the Metropolitan Police to provide data on arrests and charges for public nuisance offences between 2012 and March 2025. They found there had been 67 arrests and 8 charges for conspiring to cause a public nuisance between 2012 and the end of 2018, compared with 638 arrests and 18 charges since 2019, equating to an almost tenfold increase in arrests. The rate of arrests resulting in charges also dropped from around 12% to below 3%.

The sharp increase in 2019 happened around the same time that Extinction Rebellion and Fridays for Future brought thousands of people onto the streets of London to protest against the lack of action to tackle climate change. Since then, successive governments have passed additional anti-protest laws giving police officers a wider range of offences to choose from, many carrying lengthy custodial sentences, resulting in hundreds of protesters being arrested and some being handed record prison sentences of up to five years.

Greenpeace and the other groups are calling on the Home Secretary to restore people’s right to make their voices heard on issues they care about by reversing anti-protest measures in two key pieces of legislation passed since 2022. They are also asking ministers to strike out protest clauses in the Crime and Policing Bill currently making its way through parliament.

ENDS

Contact

Greenpeace UK Press Office – press.uk@greenpeace.org or 020 7865 8255

Notes to editors

Download images of the activists here: https://media.greenpeace.org/Detail/27MZIFJR3CJNV

Further stills and video footage from the campaign will become available from the link above from the first of July onwards.

Total arrests and charges made by the Metropolitan Police for conspiracy to cause public nuisance, 2012-2025:

	Arrests	Charges	Charges as % of arrests
2012	34	2	5.9%
2013	0	0	n/a
2014	0	0	n/a
2015	11	4	36.4%
2016	19	2	10.5%
2017	1	0	0.0%
2018	2	0	0.0%
Total 1 Jan 2012-31 Dec 2018	67	8	11.9%
2019	205	6	2.9%
2020	46	0	0.0%
2021	272	0	0.0%
2022	55	12	21.8%
2023	27	0	0.0%
2024	33	0	0.0%
2025(1 Jan – 21 Mar)	0	0	n/a
Total 1 Jan 2019-21 Mar 2025	638	18	2.8%

The full dataset on arrests and charges is available here

“Conspiracy to commit public nuisance is a serious offence under UK law that involves a group of people agreeing to cause harm, disruption, or obstruction to the public. Whether it’s blocking roads, interfering with emergency services, or creating safety risks, this offence can lead to severe legal consequences, even if the nuisance doesn’t actually happen.” https://www.moeenco.com/conspiracy-to-commit-public-nuisance

The campaign

The six protestors featured in the advertising campaign are:

Khalid Abdallah, an actor and protester for Palestinian rights from London
Dr Helen Salisbury, GP and protestor for Keep Our NHS Public from Oxfordshire
Andy Greene, a disability rights activist with Disabled People Against the Cuts from London
Andrew McParland, climate activist and Greenpeace UK board member from Birmingham
Jen Reid, author of ‘A Hero Like Me’ and Black Lives Matter activist from Bristol
Sahanika Ratnayake, an academic who protests on environmental issues from Manchester

The advertising campaign was awarded the Gold prize in the non-profit category of Ocean Outdoor’s annual Digital Creative Competition which seeks bold, original work that pushes the boundaries of ‘Digital Out of Home’ advertising. It launches on 3rd July across Ocean’s city centre Loop networks in Birmingham and Manchester, and in a high footfall area of Westfield Stratford City in London on billboards in close proximity to each other to replicate a real protest. The campaign was created and shot by elvis.

About elvis

elvis is an award-winning B-Corp certified creative agency that works with some of the world’s most ambitious brands. The agency’s mission is to use unexpected & unforgettable creativity to help people and brands grow in a better way. Not only is this based on the fundamental role that impact and salience play in the most powerful creative work, but also reflects the agency’s B Corp status. elvis won the non-profit category in the 2024 Ocean Outdoor Competition with their ‘Can’t arrest this billboard’ idea, in partnership with Greenpeace. elvislondon.com

About Ocean Outdoor

A partner company of Atairos, the independent strategic investment company, Ocean Outdoor is the leading operator of Digital Out of Home (DOOH) advertising across the UK and Europe. The Group’s network of 4,000+ screens covers seven countries, with its technological capabilities delivering impactful and measurable DOOH brand and advertising experiences. Ocean’s portfolio covers iconic locations including the Piccadilly Lights and the BFI IMAX, and the company works closely with high-profile landlords, as well as major city councils, on the development of its network. Since 2018, Ocean has expanded into the Netherlands and the Nordics. Ocean Germany launched in 2024.

The campaign organisations

Liberty challenges injustice, defends freedom and campaigns for everyone in the UK to be treated fairly, with dignity and respect. Since 1934 we’ve inspired and empowered people to defend their rights, and the rights of their family, friends and communities. Join us. Stand up to power.

Amnesty International is the world’s largest human rights organisation with over 10 million supporters, working to protect people wherever justice, freedom, truth and dignity are denied. Amnesty International is a recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.

Friends of the Earth England, Wales and Northern Ireland (EWNI) is the UK’s largest grassroots network. We’re part of a global environmental justice community dedicated to the protection of the natural world and the wellbeing of everyone in it. We bring together more than two million people in 70 countries, combining people power all over the world to transform local actions into global impact.

Greenpeace is a movement of people who are passionate about defending the natural world from destruction. Our vision is a greener, healthier and more peaceful planet, one that can sustain life for generations to come.

MIL OSI NGO –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI NGOs: Activism Less than 3% of protest arrests result in charges as ‘right to protest’ campaign launches Civil society groups concerned about politicised policing launch nationwide billboard campaign to stand up for right to protest New research by Greenpeace indicates that the Metropolitan Police have regularly arrested… by Graham Thompson July 3, 2025

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

Civil society groups concerned about politicised policing launch nationwide billboard campaign to stand up for right to protest

New research by Greenpeace indicates that the Metropolitan Police have regularly arrested protesters when there is an extremely low chance of them ever being charged. Officers made more than 600 arrests in London over the last six years for conspiracy to cause public nuisance but only 18 of them (2.8%) resulted in charges. The research also showed an almost tenfold rise in the number of arrests in the capital since 2019, when environmental protests became widespread.

These numbers support the belief, widespread amongst activists and protesters, that the police are abusing this offence and other anti-protest laws to remove and intimidate peaceful protesters.

Greenpeace used Freedom of Information requests to find out how many people were arrested between 2012 and March 2025 on suspicion of conspiracy to cause a public nuisance – an offence under the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Act 2022 that is frequently used by the police to clear protesters from the streets.

Areeba Hamid, co-executive director of Greenpeace UK said: “The fact that police are routinely dragging protesters off the streets for a crime they almost always fail to charge them with amounts to an abuse of their powers and an assault on the right to protest. Arresting law-abiding people because they’re politically inconvenient is a frightening development in any democracy, and is a direct result of the government’s instinct to shut down free speech and prevent people standing up for issues they care deeply about.”

The findings come as four leading environmental and human rights groups – Amnesty International UK, Friends of the Earth, Greenpeace and Liberty – launch a nationwide advertising campaign to stand up for the right to protest. The campaign features videos of real protesters on a range of issues holding placards that say ‘I’m protesting in here to avoid arrest out there’.

The protesters appear on digital billboards clustered in popular shopping areas in London, Birmingham and Manchester, given free to the campaign as the prize in Ocean Outdoor’s annual Digital Creative Competition. Digital special effects by creative agency ‘elvis’ make the protesters appear to be present on the street, like a virtual protest march. They each represent a different cause including disability rights, Gaza, climate change, anti-black racism, plastic pollution and the campaign to keep the NHS public.

Khalid Abdallah, an actor and protester for Palestinian rights from London who appears in the campaign, said: “I think a lot of people don’t realise that the crackdown on protest isn’t just about tougher laws on disruptive civil disobedience, it’s about creating a climate of intimidation. The right to speak out against the actions of the government is an important test of whether you live in a free, democratic country. I have lived in countries where rights we hold dear in Britain do not exist, and my family has paid the price for speaking out. So I did not expect Britain to be the country where I would first be investigated by police for my participation at a public protest. For six months I lived under the threat of being charged, until it was confirmed the police would not take further action. Clearly, these statistics show I’m not an isolated case.”

Ocean Outdoor / elvis

Researchers at Greenpeace asked the Metropolitan Police to provide data on arrests and charges for public nuisance offences between 2012 and March 2025. They found there had been 67 arrests and 8 charges for conspiring to cause a public nuisance between 2012 and the end of 2018, compared with 638 arrests and 18 charges since 2019, equating to an almost tenfold increase in arrests. The rate of arrests resulting in charges also dropped from around 12% to below 3%.

The sharp increase in 2019 happened around the same time that Extinction Rebellion and Fridays for Future brought thousands of people onto the streets of London to protest against the lack of action to tackle climate change. Since then, successive governments have passed additional anti-protest laws giving police officers a wider range of offences to choose from, many carrying lengthy custodial sentences, resulting in hundreds of protesters being arrested and some being handed record prison sentences of up to five years.

Greenpeace and the other groups are calling on the Home Secretary to restore people’s right to make their voices heard on issues they care about by reversing anti-protest measures in two key pieces of legislation passed since 2022. They are also asking ministers to strike out protest clauses in the Crime and Policing Bill currently making its way through parliament.

ENDS

Contact

Greenpeace UK Press Office – press.uk@greenpeace.org or 020 7865 8255

Notes to editors

Download images of the activists here: https://media.greenpeace.org/Detail/27MZIFJR3CJNV

Further stills and video footage from the campaign will become available from the link above from the first of July onwards.

Total arrests and charges made by the Metropolitan Police for conspiracy to cause public nuisance, 2012-2025:

	Arrests	Charges	Charges as % of arrests
2012	34	2	5.9%
2013	0	0	n/a
2014	0	0	n/a
2015	11	4	36.4%
2016	19	2	10.5%
2017	1	0	0.0%
2018	2	0	0.0%
Total 1 Jan 2012-31 Dec 2018	67	8	11.9%
2019	205	6	2.9%
2020	46	0	0.0%
2021	272	0	0.0%
2022	55	12	21.8%
2023	27	0	0.0%
2024	33	0	0.0%
2025(1 Jan – 21 Mar)	0	0	n/a
Total 1 Jan 2019-21 Mar 2025	638	18	2.8%

The full dataset on arrests and charges is available here

“Conspiracy to commit public nuisance is a serious offence under UK law that involves a group of people agreeing to cause harm, disruption, or obstruction to the public. Whether it’s blocking roads, interfering with emergency services, or creating safety risks, this offence can lead to severe legal consequences, even if the nuisance doesn’t actually happen.” https://www.moeenco.com/conspiracy-to-commit-public-nuisance

The campaign

The six protestors featured in the advertising campaign are:

Khalid Abdallah, an actor and protester for Palestinian rights from London
Dr Helen Salisbury, GP and protestor for Keep Our NHS Public from Oxfordshire
Andy Greene, a disability rights activist with Disabled People Against the Cuts from London
Andrew McParland, climate activist and Greenpeace UK board member from Birmingham
Jen Reid, author of ‘A Hero Like Me’ and Black Lives Matter activist from Bristol
Sahanika Ratnayake, an academic who protests on environmental issues from Manchester

The advertising campaign was awarded the Gold prize in the non-profit category of Ocean Outdoor’s annual Digital Creative Competition which seeks bold, original work that pushes the boundaries of ‘Digital Out of Home’ advertising. It launches on 3rd July across Ocean’s city centre Loop networks in Birmingham and Manchester, and in a high footfall area of Westfield Stratford City in London on billboards in close proximity to each other to replicate a real protest. The campaign was created and shot by elvis.

About elvis

elvis is an award-winning B-Corp certified creative agency that works with some of the world’s most ambitious brands. The agency’s mission is to use unexpected & unforgettable creativity to help people and brands grow in a better way. Not only is this based on the fundamental role that impact and salience play in the most powerful creative work, but also reflects the agency’s B Corp status. elvis won the non-profit category in the 2024 Ocean Outdoor Competition with their ‘Can’t arrest this billboard’ idea, in partnership with Greenpeace. elvislondon.com

About Ocean Outdoor

A partner company of Atairos, the independent strategic investment company, Ocean Outdoor is the leading operator of Digital Out of Home (DOOH) advertising across the UK and Europe. The Group’s network of 4,000+ screens covers seven countries, with its technological capabilities delivering impactful and measurable DOOH brand and advertising experiences. Ocean’s portfolio covers iconic locations including the Piccadilly Lights and the BFI IMAX, and the company works closely with high-profile landlords, as well as major city councils, on the development of its network. Since 2018, Ocean has expanded into the Netherlands and the Nordics. Ocean Germany launched in 2024.

The campaign organisations

Liberty challenges injustice, defends freedom and campaigns for everyone in the UK to be treated fairly, with dignity and respect. Since 1934 we’ve inspired and empowered people to defend their rights, and the rights of their family, friends and communities. Join us. Stand up to power.

Amnesty International is the world’s largest human rights organisation with over 10 million supporters, working to protect people wherever justice, freedom, truth and dignity are denied. Amnesty International is a recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.

Friends of the Earth England, Wales and Northern Ireland (EWNI) is the UK’s largest grassroots network. We’re part of a global environmental justice community dedicated to the protection of the natural world and the wellbeing of everyone in it. We bring together more than two million people in 70 countries, combining people power all over the world to transform local actions into global impact.

Greenpeace is a movement of people who are passionate about defending the natural world from destruction. Our vision is a greener, healthier and more peaceful planet, one that can sustain life for generations to come.

MIL OSI NGO –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI NGOs: Activism Less than 3% of protest arrests result in charges as ‘right to protest’ campaign launches Civil society groups concerned about politicised policing launch nationwide billboard campaign to stand up for right to protest New research by Greenpeace indicates that the Metropolitan Police have regularly arrested… by Graham Thompson July 3, 2025

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

Civil society groups concerned about politicised policing launch nationwide billboard campaign to stand up for right to protest

New research by Greenpeace indicates that the Metropolitan Police have regularly arrested protesters when there is an extremely low chance of them ever being charged. Officers made more than 600 arrests in London over the last six years for conspiracy to cause public nuisance but only 18 of them (2.8%) resulted in charges. The research also showed an almost tenfold rise in the number of arrests in the capital since 2019, when environmental protests became widespread.

These numbers support the belief, widespread amongst activists and protesters, that the police are abusing this offence and other anti-protest laws to remove and intimidate peaceful protesters.

Greenpeace used Freedom of Information requests to find out how many people were arrested between 2012 and March 2025 on suspicion of conspiracy to cause a public nuisance – an offence under the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Act 2022 that is frequently used by the police to clear protesters from the streets.

Areeba Hamid, co-executive director of Greenpeace UK said: “The fact that police are routinely dragging protesters off the streets for a crime they almost always fail to charge them with amounts to an abuse of their powers and an assault on the right to protest. Arresting law-abiding people because they’re politically inconvenient is a frightening development in any democracy, and is a direct result of the government’s instinct to shut down free speech and prevent people standing up for issues they care deeply about.”

The findings come as four leading environmental and human rights groups – Amnesty International UK, Friends of the Earth, Greenpeace and Liberty – launch a nationwide advertising campaign to stand up for the right to protest. The campaign features videos of real protesters on a range of issues holding placards that say ‘I’m protesting in here to avoid arrest out there’.

The protesters appear on digital billboards clustered in popular shopping areas in London, Birmingham and Manchester, given free to the campaign as the prize in Ocean Outdoor’s annual Digital Creative Competition. Digital special effects by creative agency ‘elvis’ make the protesters appear to be present on the street, like a virtual protest march. They each represent a different cause including disability rights, Gaza, climate change, anti-black racism, plastic pollution and the campaign to keep the NHS public.

Khalid Abdallah, an actor and protester for Palestinian rights from London who appears in the campaign, said: “I think a lot of people don’t realise that the crackdown on protest isn’t just about tougher laws on disruptive civil disobedience, it’s about creating a climate of intimidation. The right to speak out against the actions of the government is an important test of whether you live in a free, democratic country. I have lived in countries where rights we hold dear in Britain do not exist, and my family has paid the price for speaking out. So I did not expect Britain to be the country where I would first be investigated by police for my participation at a public protest. For six months I lived under the threat of being charged, until it was confirmed the police would not take further action. Clearly, these statistics show I’m not an isolated case.”

Ocean Outdoor / elvis

Researchers at Greenpeace asked the Metropolitan Police to provide data on arrests and charges for public nuisance offences between 2012 and March 2025. They found there had been 67 arrests and 8 charges for conspiring to cause a public nuisance between 2012 and the end of 2018, compared with 638 arrests and 18 charges since 2019, equating to an almost tenfold increase in arrests. The rate of arrests resulting in charges also dropped from around 12% to below 3%.

The sharp increase in 2019 happened around the same time that Extinction Rebellion and Fridays for Future brought thousands of people onto the streets of London to protest against the lack of action to tackle climate change. Since then, successive governments have passed additional anti-protest laws giving police officers a wider range of offences to choose from, many carrying lengthy custodial sentences, resulting in hundreds of protesters being arrested and some being handed record prison sentences of up to five years.

Greenpeace and the other groups are calling on the Home Secretary to restore people’s right to make their voices heard on issues they care about by reversing anti-protest measures in two key pieces of legislation passed since 2022. They are also asking ministers to strike out protest clauses in the Crime and Policing Bill currently making its way through parliament.

ENDS

Contact

Greenpeace UK Press Office – press.uk@greenpeace.org or 020 7865 8255

Notes to editors

Download images of the activists here: https://media.greenpeace.org/Detail/27MZIFJR3CJNV

Further stills and video footage from the campaign will become available from the link above from the first of July onwards.

Total arrests and charges made by the Metropolitan Police for conspiracy to cause public nuisance, 2012-2025:

	Arrests	Charges	Charges as % of arrests
2012	34	2	5.9%
2013	0	0	n/a
2014	0	0	n/a
2015	11	4	36.4%
2016	19	2	10.5%
2017	1	0	0.0%
2018	2	0	0.0%
Total 1 Jan 2012-31 Dec 2018	67	8	11.9%
2019	205	6	2.9%
2020	46	0	0.0%
2021	272	0	0.0%
2022	55	12	21.8%
2023	27	0	0.0%
2024	33	0	0.0%
2025(1 Jan – 21 Mar)	0	0	n/a
Total 1 Jan 2019-21 Mar 2025	638	18	2.8%

The full dataset on arrests and charges is available here

“Conspiracy to commit public nuisance is a serious offence under UK law that involves a group of people agreeing to cause harm, disruption, or obstruction to the public. Whether it’s blocking roads, interfering with emergency services, or creating safety risks, this offence can lead to severe legal consequences, even if the nuisance doesn’t actually happen.” https://www.moeenco.com/conspiracy-to-commit-public-nuisance

The campaign

The six protestors featured in the advertising campaign are:

Khalid Abdallah, an actor and protester for Palestinian rights from London
Dr Helen Salisbury, GP and protestor for Keep Our NHS Public from Oxfordshire
Andy Greene, a disability rights activist with Disabled People Against the Cuts from London
Andrew McParland, climate activist and Greenpeace UK board member from Birmingham
Jen Reid, author of ‘A Hero Like Me’ and Black Lives Matter activist from Bristol
Sahanika Ratnayake, an academic who protests on environmental issues from Manchester

The advertising campaign was awarded the Gold prize in the non-profit category of Ocean Outdoor’s annual Digital Creative Competition which seeks bold, original work that pushes the boundaries of ‘Digital Out of Home’ advertising. It launches on 3rd July across Ocean’s city centre Loop networks in Birmingham and Manchester, and in a high footfall area of Westfield Stratford City in London on billboards in close proximity to each other to replicate a real protest. The campaign was created and shot by elvis.

About elvis

elvis is an award-winning B-Corp certified creative agency that works with some of the world’s most ambitious brands. The agency’s mission is to use unexpected & unforgettable creativity to help people and brands grow in a better way. Not only is this based on the fundamental role that impact and salience play in the most powerful creative work, but also reflects the agency’s B Corp status. elvis won the non-profit category in the 2024 Ocean Outdoor Competition with their ‘Can’t arrest this billboard’ idea, in partnership with Greenpeace. elvislondon.com

About Ocean Outdoor

A partner company of Atairos, the independent strategic investment company, Ocean Outdoor is the leading operator of Digital Out of Home (DOOH) advertising across the UK and Europe. The Group’s network of 4,000+ screens covers seven countries, with its technological capabilities delivering impactful and measurable DOOH brand and advertising experiences. Ocean’s portfolio covers iconic locations including the Piccadilly Lights and the BFI IMAX, and the company works closely with high-profile landlords, as well as major city councils, on the development of its network. Since 2018, Ocean has expanded into the Netherlands and the Nordics. Ocean Germany launched in 2024.

The campaign organisations

Liberty challenges injustice, defends freedom and campaigns for everyone in the UK to be treated fairly, with dignity and respect. Since 1934 we’ve inspired and empowered people to defend their rights, and the rights of their family, friends and communities. Join us. Stand up to power.

Amnesty International is the world’s largest human rights organisation with over 10 million supporters, working to protect people wherever justice, freedom, truth and dignity are denied. Amnesty International is a recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.

Friends of the Earth England, Wales and Northern Ireland (EWNI) is the UK’s largest grassroots network. We’re part of a global environmental justice community dedicated to the protection of the natural world and the wellbeing of everyone in it. We bring together more than two million people in 70 countries, combining people power all over the world to transform local actions into global impact.

Greenpeace is a movement of people who are passionate about defending the natural world from destruction. Our vision is a greener, healthier and more peaceful planet, one that can sustain life for generations to come.

MIL OSI NGO –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI NGOs: Activism Less than 3% of protest arrests result in charges as ‘right to protest’ campaign launches Civil society groups concerned about politicised policing launch nationwide billboard campaign to stand up for right to protest New research by Greenpeace indicates that the Metropolitan Police have regularly arrested… by Graham Thompson July 3, 2025

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

Civil society groups concerned about politicised policing launch nationwide billboard campaign to stand up for right to protest

New research by Greenpeace indicates that the Metropolitan Police have regularly arrested protesters when there is an extremely low chance of them ever being charged. Officers made more than 600 arrests in London over the last six years for conspiracy to cause public nuisance but only 18 of them (2.8%) resulted in charges. The research also showed an almost tenfold rise in the number of arrests in the capital since 2019, when environmental protests became widespread.

These numbers support the belief, widespread amongst activists and protesters, that the police are abusing this offence and other anti-protest laws to remove and intimidate peaceful protesters.

Greenpeace used Freedom of Information requests to find out how many people were arrested between 2012 and March 2025 on suspicion of conspiracy to cause a public nuisance – an offence under the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Act 2022 that is frequently used by the police to clear protesters from the streets.

Areeba Hamid, co-executive director of Greenpeace UK said: “The fact that police are routinely dragging protesters off the streets for a crime they almost always fail to charge them with amounts to an abuse of their powers and an assault on the right to protest. Arresting law-abiding people because they’re politically inconvenient is a frightening development in any democracy, and is a direct result of the government’s instinct to shut down free speech and prevent people standing up for issues they care deeply about.”

The findings come as four leading environmental and human rights groups – Amnesty International UK, Friends of the Earth, Greenpeace and Liberty – launch a nationwide advertising campaign to stand up for the right to protest. The campaign features videos of real protesters on a range of issues holding placards that say ‘I’m protesting in here to avoid arrest out there’.

The protesters appear on digital billboards clustered in popular shopping areas in London, Birmingham and Manchester, given free to the campaign as the prize in Ocean Outdoor’s annual Digital Creative Competition. Digital special effects by creative agency ‘elvis’ make the protesters appear to be present on the street, like a virtual protest march. They each represent a different cause including disability rights, Gaza, climate change, anti-black racism, plastic pollution and the campaign to keep the NHS public.

Khalid Abdallah, an actor and protester for Palestinian rights from London who appears in the campaign, said: “I think a lot of people don’t realise that the crackdown on protest isn’t just about tougher laws on disruptive civil disobedience, it’s about creating a climate of intimidation. The right to speak out against the actions of the government is an important test of whether you live in a free, democratic country. I have lived in countries where rights we hold dear in Britain do not exist, and my family has paid the price for speaking out. So I did not expect Britain to be the country where I would first be investigated by police for my participation at a public protest. For six months I lived under the threat of being charged, until it was confirmed the police would not take further action. Clearly, these statistics show I’m not an isolated case.”

Ocean Outdoor / elvis

Researchers at Greenpeace asked the Metropolitan Police to provide data on arrests and charges for public nuisance offences between 2012 and March 2025. They found there had been 67 arrests and 8 charges for conspiring to cause a public nuisance between 2012 and the end of 2018, compared with 638 arrests and 18 charges since 2019, equating to an almost tenfold increase in arrests. The rate of arrests resulting in charges also dropped from around 12% to below 3%.

The sharp increase in 2019 happened around the same time that Extinction Rebellion and Fridays for Future brought thousands of people onto the streets of London to protest against the lack of action to tackle climate change. Since then, successive governments have passed additional anti-protest laws giving police officers a wider range of offences to choose from, many carrying lengthy custodial sentences, resulting in hundreds of protesters being arrested and some being handed record prison sentences of up to five years.

Greenpeace and the other groups are calling on the Home Secretary to restore people’s right to make their voices heard on issues they care about by reversing anti-protest measures in two key pieces of legislation passed since 2022. They are also asking ministers to strike out protest clauses in the Crime and Policing Bill currently making its way through parliament.

ENDS

Contact

Greenpeace UK Press Office – press.uk@greenpeace.org or 020 7865 8255

Notes to editors

Download images of the activists here: https://media.greenpeace.org/Detail/27MZIFJR3CJNV

Further stills and video footage from the campaign will become available from the link above from the first of July onwards.

Total arrests and charges made by the Metropolitan Police for conspiracy to cause public nuisance, 2012-2025:

	Arrests	Charges	Charges as % of arrests
2012	34	2	5.9%
2013	0	0	n/a
2014	0	0	n/a
2015	11	4	36.4%
2016	19	2	10.5%
2017	1	0	0.0%
2018	2	0	0.0%
Total 1 Jan 2012-31 Dec 2018	67	8	11.9%
2019	205	6	2.9%
2020	46	0	0.0%
2021	272	0	0.0%
2022	55	12	21.8%
2023	27	0	0.0%
2024	33	0	0.0%
2025(1 Jan – 21 Mar)	0	0	n/a
Total 1 Jan 2019-21 Mar 2025	638	18	2.8%

The full dataset on arrests and charges is available here

“Conspiracy to commit public nuisance is a serious offence under UK law that involves a group of people agreeing to cause harm, disruption, or obstruction to the public. Whether it’s blocking roads, interfering with emergency services, or creating safety risks, this offence can lead to severe legal consequences, even if the nuisance doesn’t actually happen.” https://www.moeenco.com/conspiracy-to-commit-public-nuisance

The campaign

The six protestors featured in the advertising campaign are:

Khalid Abdallah, an actor and protester for Palestinian rights from London
Dr Helen Salisbury, GP and protestor for Keep Our NHS Public from Oxfordshire
Andy Greene, a disability rights activist with Disabled People Against the Cuts from London
Andrew McParland, climate activist and Greenpeace UK board member from Birmingham
Jen Reid, author of ‘A Hero Like Me’ and Black Lives Matter activist from Bristol
Sahanika Ratnayake, an academic who protests on environmental issues from Manchester

The advertising campaign was awarded the Gold prize in the non-profit category of Ocean Outdoor’s annual Digital Creative Competition which seeks bold, original work that pushes the boundaries of ‘Digital Out of Home’ advertising. It launches on 3rd July across Ocean’s city centre Loop networks in Birmingham and Manchester, and in a high footfall area of Westfield Stratford City in London on billboards in close proximity to each other to replicate a real protest. The campaign was created and shot by elvis.

About elvis

elvis is an award-winning B-Corp certified creative agency that works with some of the world’s most ambitious brands. The agency’s mission is to use unexpected & unforgettable creativity to help people and brands grow in a better way. Not only is this based on the fundamental role that impact and salience play in the most powerful creative work, but also reflects the agency’s B Corp status. elvis won the non-profit category in the 2024 Ocean Outdoor Competition with their ‘Can’t arrest this billboard’ idea, in partnership with Greenpeace. elvislondon.com

About Ocean Outdoor

A partner company of Atairos, the independent strategic investment company, Ocean Outdoor is the leading operator of Digital Out of Home (DOOH) advertising across the UK and Europe. The Group’s network of 4,000+ screens covers seven countries, with its technological capabilities delivering impactful and measurable DOOH brand and advertising experiences. Ocean’s portfolio covers iconic locations including the Piccadilly Lights and the BFI IMAX, and the company works closely with high-profile landlords, as well as major city councils, on the development of its network. Since 2018, Ocean has expanded into the Netherlands and the Nordics. Ocean Germany launched in 2024.

The campaign organisations

Liberty challenges injustice, defends freedom and campaigns for everyone in the UK to be treated fairly, with dignity and respect. Since 1934 we’ve inspired and empowered people to defend their rights, and the rights of their family, friends and communities. Join us. Stand up to power.

Amnesty International is the world’s largest human rights organisation with over 10 million supporters, working to protect people wherever justice, freedom, truth and dignity are denied. Amnesty International is a recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize.

Friends of the Earth England, Wales and Northern Ireland (EWNI) is the UK’s largest grassroots network. We’re part of a global environmental justice community dedicated to the protection of the natural world and the wellbeing of everyone in it. We bring together more than two million people in 70 countries, combining people power all over the world to transform local actions into global impact.

Greenpeace is a movement of people who are passionate about defending the natural world from destruction. Our vision is a greener, healthier and more peaceful planet, one that can sustain life for generations to come.

MIL OSI NGO –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI NGOs: Greenpeace Australia Pacific response to CSIRO deep sea mining research

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

SYDNEY, Thursday 03 July 2025 – In response to the new deep sea mining environmental frameworks issued by the CSIRO today, the following quotes can be attributed to Shiva Gounden, Head of Pacific at Greenpeace Australia Pacific:

“These reports highlight, yet again, the dangers of deep sea mining for marine life and the health of the ocean. The CSIRO reports show that there would be substantial impacts on the seafloor and that animals, like sharks, could be harmed by mining plans like those of The Metals Company. Deep sea mining poses issues far beyond what can be captured in the scope of environmental frameworks; there is no framework to measure cultural heritage or Pacific people’s cultural connection to the ocean. Deep sea mining could not only irreversibly harm the ocean and marine life in the Pacific, but deeply impact Pacific cultures and ways of life.

“The research was paid for by The Metals Company, which has a track record of using Pacific nations as platforms, not partners. With the International Seabed Authority due to meet this week, we are urging the council not to rush through the mining code, but to listen to indigenous and Pacific voices who are increasingly standing against deep sea mining.”

37 countries are against deep sea mining, either asking for a precautionary pause or a global moratorium, including the eight Pacific Island nations of Palau, Fiji, Samoa, Federated States of Micronesia, Vanuatu, Tuvalu, Marshall Islands and the Solomon Islands. New Zealand has also backed a moratorium, but Australia has not.

—ENDS—

Notes:

– The CSIRO agreed to work with The Metals Company in 2022, tasked to develop a deep sea mining environmental management plan in the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ), where The Metals Company is pushing to mine for polymetallic nodules.

– Last week, a scientific survey of two areas targeted for deep sea mining in the
Pacific Ocean by The Metals Company found the presence of whales and dolphins, including vulnerable sperm whales.

MIL OSI NGO –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI NGOs: Greenpeace Australia Pacific response to CSIRO deep sea mining research

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

SYDNEY, Thursday 03 July 2025 – In response to the new deep sea mining environmental frameworks issued by the CSIRO today, the following quotes can be attributed to Shiva Gounden, Head of Pacific at Greenpeace Australia Pacific:

“These reports highlight, yet again, the dangers of deep sea mining for marine life and the health of the ocean. The CSIRO reports show that there would be substantial impacts on the seafloor and that animals, like sharks, could be harmed by mining plans like those of The Metals Company. Deep sea mining poses issues far beyond what can be captured in the scope of environmental frameworks; there is no framework to measure cultural heritage or Pacific people’s cultural connection to the ocean. Deep sea mining could not only irreversibly harm the ocean and marine life in the Pacific, but deeply impact Pacific cultures and ways of life.

“The research was paid for by The Metals Company, which has a track record of using Pacific nations as platforms, not partners. With the International Seabed Authority due to meet this week, we are urging the council not to rush through the mining code, but to listen to indigenous and Pacific voices who are increasingly standing against deep sea mining.”

37 countries are against deep sea mining, either asking for a precautionary pause or a global moratorium, including the eight Pacific Island nations of Palau, Fiji, Samoa, Federated States of Micronesia, Vanuatu, Tuvalu, Marshall Islands and the Solomon Islands. New Zealand has also backed a moratorium, but Australia has not.

—ENDS—

Notes:

– The CSIRO agreed to work with The Metals Company in 2022, tasked to develop a deep sea mining environmental management plan in the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ), where The Metals Company is pushing to mine for polymetallic nodules.

– Last week, a scientific survey of two areas targeted for deep sea mining in the
Pacific Ocean by The Metals Company found the presence of whales and dolphins, including vulnerable sperm whales.

MIL OSI NGO –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI NGOs: Greenpeace Australia Pacific response to CSIRO deep sea mining research

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

SYDNEY, Thursday 03 July 2025 – In response to the new deep sea mining environmental frameworks issued by the CSIRO today, the following quotes can be attributed to Shiva Gounden, Head of Pacific at Greenpeace Australia Pacific:

“These reports highlight, yet again, the dangers of deep sea mining for marine life and the health of the ocean. The CSIRO reports show that there would be substantial impacts on the seafloor and that animals, like sharks, could be harmed by mining plans like those of The Metals Company. Deep sea mining poses issues far beyond what can be captured in the scope of environmental frameworks; there is no framework to measure cultural heritage or Pacific people’s cultural connection to the ocean. Deep sea mining could not only irreversibly harm the ocean and marine life in the Pacific, but deeply impact Pacific cultures and ways of life.

“The research was paid for by The Metals Company, which has a track record of using Pacific nations as platforms, not partners. With the International Seabed Authority due to meet this week, we are urging the council not to rush through the mining code, but to listen to indigenous and Pacific voices who are increasingly standing against deep sea mining.”

37 countries are against deep sea mining, either asking for a precautionary pause or a global moratorium, including the eight Pacific Island nations of Palau, Fiji, Samoa, Federated States of Micronesia, Vanuatu, Tuvalu, Marshall Islands and the Solomon Islands. New Zealand has also backed a moratorium, but Australia has not.

—ENDS—

Notes:

– The CSIRO agreed to work with The Metals Company in 2022, tasked to develop a deep sea mining environmental management plan in the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ), where The Metals Company is pushing to mine for polymetallic nodules.

– Last week, a scientific survey of two areas targeted for deep sea mining in the
Pacific Ocean by The Metals Company found the presence of whales and dolphins, including vulnerable sperm whales.

MIL OSI NGO –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI NGOs: Greenpeace Australia Pacific response to CSIRO deep sea mining research

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

SYDNEY, Thursday 03 July 2025 – In response to the new deep sea mining environmental frameworks issued by the CSIRO today, the following quotes can be attributed to Shiva Gounden, Head of Pacific at Greenpeace Australia Pacific:

“These reports highlight, yet again, the dangers of deep sea mining for marine life and the health of the ocean. The CSIRO reports show that there would be substantial impacts on the seafloor and that animals, like sharks, could be harmed by mining plans like those of The Metals Company. Deep sea mining poses issues far beyond what can be captured in the scope of environmental frameworks; there is no framework to measure cultural heritage or Pacific people’s cultural connection to the ocean. Deep sea mining could not only irreversibly harm the ocean and marine life in the Pacific, but deeply impact Pacific cultures and ways of life.

“The research was paid for by The Metals Company, which has a track record of using Pacific nations as platforms, not partners. With the International Seabed Authority due to meet this week, we are urging the council not to rush through the mining code, but to listen to indigenous and Pacific voices who are increasingly standing against deep sea mining.”

37 countries are against deep sea mining, either asking for a precautionary pause or a global moratorium, including the eight Pacific Island nations of Palau, Fiji, Samoa, Federated States of Micronesia, Vanuatu, Tuvalu, Marshall Islands and the Solomon Islands. New Zealand has also backed a moratorium, but Australia has not.

—ENDS—

Notes:

– The CSIRO agreed to work with The Metals Company in 2022, tasked to develop a deep sea mining environmental management plan in the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ), where The Metals Company is pushing to mine for polymetallic nodules.

– Last week, a scientific survey of two areas targeted for deep sea mining in the
Pacific Ocean by The Metals Company found the presence of whales and dolphins, including vulnerable sperm whales.

MIL OSI NGO –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI NGOs: Greenpeace Australia Pacific response to CSIRO deep sea mining research

Source: Greenpeace Statement –

SYDNEY, Thursday 03 July 2025 – In response to the new deep sea mining environmental frameworks issued by the CSIRO today, the following quotes can be attributed to Shiva Gounden, Head of Pacific at Greenpeace Australia Pacific:

“These reports highlight, yet again, the dangers of deep sea mining for marine life and the health of the ocean. The CSIRO reports show that there would be substantial impacts on the seafloor and that animals, like sharks, could be harmed by mining plans like those of The Metals Company. Deep sea mining poses issues far beyond what can be captured in the scope of environmental frameworks; there is no framework to measure cultural heritage or Pacific people’s cultural connection to the ocean. Deep sea mining could not only irreversibly harm the ocean and marine life in the Pacific, but deeply impact Pacific cultures and ways of life.

“The research was paid for by The Metals Company, which has a track record of using Pacific nations as platforms, not partners. With the International Seabed Authority due to meet this week, we are urging the council not to rush through the mining code, but to listen to indigenous and Pacific voices who are increasingly standing against deep sea mining.”

37 countries are against deep sea mining, either asking for a precautionary pause or a global moratorium, including the eight Pacific Island nations of Palau, Fiji, Samoa, Federated States of Micronesia, Vanuatu, Tuvalu, Marshall Islands and the Solomon Islands. New Zealand has also backed a moratorium, but Australia has not.

—ENDS—

Notes:

– The CSIRO agreed to work with The Metals Company in 2022, tasked to develop a deep sea mining environmental management plan in the Clarion Clipperton Zone (CCZ), where The Metals Company is pushing to mine for polymetallic nodules.

– Last week, a scientific survey of two areas targeted for deep sea mining in the
Pacific Ocean by The Metals Company found the presence of whales and dolphins, including vulnerable sperm whales.

MIL OSI NGO –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI Africa: Ambitious plan to plant one million trees in one day

Source: Government of South Africa

Deputy Minister of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment Bernice Swarts will launch the One Million Trees campaign next week.

The campaign, part of the Presidential Ten Million Trees Flagship Project currently in its fourth year, aims to mobilise South Africans from all walks of life, three spheres of government, private sector, interfaith formations, business, diplomatic corps, traditional leaders, NGOs, youth, to pledge and donate trees.

At the launch, the Deputy Minister will outline the ambitious plan to plant one million trees in one day.

The Department of Forestry, Fisheries and the Environment (DFFE) is the custodian of the forestry function in the country.

One of the key activities and functions in this regard is the implementation of the National Greening Programme, aimed at planting at least two million trees per annum for a period of five years to realise the Presidential Ten Million Trees Flagship Project.

The One Million Trees campaign serves as one of the platforms of revamping the National Greening Programme to ensure that the set target of planting ten million trees over a period of five years is achieved.

This will be done through creating awareness on the importance of planting of trees, encouraging stakeholders to take ownership and responsibility of their environment through pledging and planting of trees and facilitating that one million trees are planted in one day.

As part of the launch, Deputy Minister Swarts will showcase the Information Technology Pledge Form System and the South African National Biodiversity Institute’s (SANBI) Tree Bank where the donated trees will be stored.

The donated trees will be stored at the 11 National Botanical Gardens across the country and DFFE nurseries.

The launch will take place under the theme: “My Tree, My Oxygen. Plant Yours Today” on Monday, 07 July 2025, at the Pretoria National Botanical Gardens. – SAnews.gov.za

MIL OSI Africa –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI United Nations: Fourth International Conference on Financing for Development Holds Multi-stakeholder Round Table on Reforming International Financial Architecture and Addressing Systemic Issues

Source: United Nations General Assembly and Security Council

The Conference holds its final multi-stakeholder round table this morning on “Reforming the international financial architecture and addressing systemic issues”.

Co-chaired by Carlos Cuerpo Caballero, Minister for Economy, Commerce and Business of Spain, and Seedy Keita, Minister for Finance and Economic Affairs of the Gambia, it will feature a keynote address by Hussain Mohamed Latheef, Vice-President, Republic of Maldives.

Rebeca Grynspan, Secretary-General of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD), will moderate the discussion.

Panelists will include: Mthuli Ncube- Minister for Finance, Economic Development and Investment Promotion of Zimbabwe; Facinet Sylla, Minister for Budget of Guinea; Hervé Ndoba, Minster for Finance and Budget of the Central African Republic; and Carlo Monticelli, Governor of the Council of Europe Development Bank.

José Viñals, GISD Alliance Co-Chair and Senior Advisor to the Board of Standard Chartered, as well as a civil society representative, will be the discussants.

…

MIL OSI United Nations News –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI Africa: Africa Finance Corporation (AFC) Secures €250M for Lobito Corridor as Rail Projects Drive African Mining Boom

Source: APO – Report:

.

Africa’s railway sector is undergoing a renaissance, with strategic transport corridors rapidly expanding to unlock the continent’s mineral wealth and strengthen global trade ties. In June, the Africa Finance Corporation secured a €250 million (http://apo-opa.co/3Tje8ph), 10-year loan from Italian development finance institution Cassa Depositi e Prestiti to accelerate the development of the Lobito Corridor – an essential mineral transport network linking Angola, Zambia, and the Democratic Republic of Congo to global markets. The loan will finance the procurement of goods and services from Italian companies for both the corridor and associated renewable energy projects.

The Lobito Corridor is among several strategic projects that will feature prominently at African Mining Week (AMW), taking place October 1–3, 2025, in Cape Town. AMW will showcase high-impact investment opportunities across Africa’s mining and infrastructure value chains, with a focus on how rail logistics are transforming landlocked mineral-rich regions into competitive, export-oriented hubs.

Simandou Rail Hits Construction Milestone

In West Africa, Guinea-Conakry marked a key milestone in June with the completion of a 903-meter tunnel on the 650-km Simandou Railway (http://apo-opa.co/45SkT8V). Once operational by early 2026, the line will transport up to 120 million tons of high-grade iron ore annually from the Simandou deposit — home to an estimated 2 billion tons of reserves. U.S. company Wabtec (http://apo-opa.co/4l9hRlk) was awarded a $248 million contract in February to supply locomotives for the project. At AMW 2025, a high-level panel, “From Mines to Markets: Strengthening Trade and Connectivity for Africa’s Mineral Future (http://apo-opa.co/44sE5Yv),” will explore how megaprojects like Simandou are strengthening Africa’s mineral value chain.

Mauritania Advances Iron Ore Rail Expansion

Mauritania has also made strides in rail development, securing a €113 million loan from the European Investment Bank (EIB) (http://apo-opa.co/45SWH6n) in June to co-finance the expansion of a key iron ore railway between Zouérat and Nouadhibou. The project – backed by a total €461 million investment involving national mining company SNIM, EIB and private investors – will optimize exports of Mauritania’s iron ore to international markets. AMW 2025 will provide a platform for global investors to engage with opportunities emerging in Mauritania and similar markets.

Cameroon Strengthens Bauxite Logistics

In Central Africa, Australia’s Canyon Resources acquired a 9.1% stake in Cameroon’s national rail operator, Camrail (http://apo-opa.co/4kn52D4), to bolster logistics for the Minim Martap Bauxite Mine (http://apo-opa.co/3TnW8Kn). The acquisition – from TotalEnergies and Société d’Exploitation des Bois du Cameroun – aims to enhance rail access from the mine to port infrastructure, facilitating the export of up to 6.4 million tons of bauxite annually. AMW will feature investment-ready opportunities tied to bauxite and other critical minerals (http://apo-opa.co/45SkV0x) driving the energy transition.

China Deepens Rail Footprint in Africa

In East Africa, the China Railway Engineering Group signed a $2.15 billion agreement in February with Tanzania and Burundi (http://apo-opa.co/3ZYN8Pz) to build a 282-km cross-border railway. The line is expected to support the export of up to 3 million tons of minerals annually, improving regional and global market access. In Nigeria, the China Development Bank (http://apo-opa.co/3TZOrdr) provided a $254.76 million grant in January to finance the Kano-Kaduna rail line – a vital link between the Lagos-Ibadan and Kano-Maradi corridors. This project will enhance mineral and energy transportation across West Africa. At AMW 2025, the China-Africa Cooperation on Minerals Roundtable (http://apo-opa.co/45SkWl7) will convene public and private sector leaders to strengthen bilateral ties, while the Invest in Nigeria Infrastructure session (http://apo-opa.co/4la5V2L) will further spotlight opportunities like the Kano-Kaduna rail project as cornerstones of Nigeria’s mining and logistics growth.

– on behalf of Energy Capital & Power.

About African Mining Week:
African Mining Week serves as a premier platform for exploring the full spectrum of mining opportunities across Africa. The event is held alongside the African Energy Week: Invest in African Energies 2025 conference from October 1-3 in Cape Town. Sponsors, exhibitors and delegates can learn more by contacting sales@energycapitalpower.com.

MIL OSI Africa –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI Africa: International Monetary Fund (IMF) Executive Board Completes the First Review under the Extended Credit Facility Arrangement for the Democratic Republic of the Congo

Source: APO – Report:

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The IMF Executive Board has completed the first review under the Extended Credit Facility arrangement for the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The decision allows for an immediate disbursement of US$ 261.9 million towards international reserves, to continue building buffers.
The DRC’s economy has been resilient in a challenging environment amid the escalation of the armed conflict in the eastern part of the country, which placed significant strains on the budget. The authorities have made good progress on the structural reform’s agenda, but a few quantitative targets were missed.
The recent peace agreement signed between the governments of the DRC and Rwanda, mediated by the United States, is encouraging for the prospect of a peaceful resolution of the conflict and renewed focus on development goals.

The Executive Board of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) completed the first review under the Extended Credit Facility (ECF) Arrangement for the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) approved on January 15, 2025 (see PR 25/003). The completion of the first review allowed an immediate disbursement equivalent to 190.4 million SDR (about US$ 261.9 million) to support balance-of-payment needs, bringing the aggregate disbursement to date to 380.5 million SDR (about 523.4 US$ million).

The DRC has been facing significant challenges amid the intensification of the armed conflict in its eastern part since end-2024. The escalation of hostilities has claimed thousands of lives and caused severe social and humanitarian damages, including disruptions in access to essential services such as food, water, and electricity. Diplomatic efforts are ongoing to secure a cessation of hostilities and ensure sustainable peace in the region. The signing on June 27, 2025, of a peace agreement between the governments of the DRC and Rwanda, under the mediation of the United States, is encouraging for the prospect of a peaceful resolution on the ongoing conflict and renewed focus on addressing development goals.

Despite the challenging environment, economic activity remained resilient, with robust GDP growth of 6.5 percent in 2024, driven by continued dynamism in the extractive sector. External stability has strengthened, as the current account deficit narrowed and the accumulation of international reserves continued. Inflationary pressures continue to ease, and year-on-year inflation declined from 23.8 percent at end-2023 to 11.7 percent at end-2024 and [8.5] percent at end-June 2025.

Performance under the program was mixed, as the intensification of the conflict has placed significant strains on the budget. Despite strong revenue collection, the domestic fiscal deficit reached 0.8 percent of GDP in 2024, exceeding the program target of 0.3 percent, owing to spending overruns linked to the escalation of the conflict, including on exceptional security spending and public investments. The program target on the Central Bank of the Congo (BCC)’s foreign exchange assets held with domestic correspondents was missed as well, due to higher-than-expected tax payments in foreign currency on government accounts. Other quantitative performance criteria of the ECF were met. Most indicative targets were also met, except those related to the floor on social spending and the ceiling on spending executed through emergency procedures—owing to elevated exceptional security spending linked to the conflict intensification. Appropriate corrective measures are being implemented by the authorities.

In completing the first review, the Executive Board also approved the authorities’ request for waivers of nonobservance of the performance criteria on the floor on the domestic fiscal balance at end-December 2024 on the basis of corrective actions, and the continuous ceiling on the levels of foreign currency assets of the BCC held with domestic correspondents on the basis of the temporary nature of the deviation which has since been remedied. Further, the Executive Board completed the financing assurances review under the ECF arrangement. No reform measures under the Resilience and Sustainability Facility (RSF) arrangement, approved in January 2025, were due for review at this time.

At the conclusion of the Executive Board’s discussion, Mr. Okamura, Deputy Managing Director and Chair stated:

“The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) has been confronted with heightened security challenges since late 2024. The escalation of the conflict in the eastern part of the country has caused serious human, social and economic damage and induced the government to increase spending. Despite these difficulties, the macroeconomic environment of the DRC remained broadly stable. Growth has remained robust, due to the resilience of mining production. Inflation continues to decrease, and the external position has strengthened. The economic outlook remains positive, but is fraught with downside risks related to the persistence of the conflict, declining external humanitarian assistance, global economic headwinds, and potential escalation of geopolitical conflicts. The authorities are committed to closely monitor these risks and to respond proactively to evolving challenges.

“Budget implementation remains challenging in a difficult security context. As a result, the domestic fiscal deficit is projected to be larger than initially projected for 2025, but is expected to return to the path envisaged at program approval starting in 2026, reflecting the authorities’ commitment to carry out measures to enhance domestic revenue mobilization and strengthen the budget implementation process. Additionally, to guard against unforeseen adverse shocks, the authorities have adopted a contingency plan.

“The Central Bank of the Congo (BCC) has maintained a tight monetary policy stance, thereby helping bring inflation down to single digits for the first time in three years. The accumulation of international reserves has continued, on the back of the narrowing of the current account deficit. Efforts must continue, to strengthen the monetary policy implementation framework, refine the foreign exchange intervention strategy, enhance the governance and safeguards of the BCC and ensure its adequate recapitalization.

“The authorities have committed to accompany these efforts to preserve macroeconomic stability with an acceleration of structural reforms in key areas, including strengthening the AML/CFT framework, improving the business climate, enhancing transparency and governance, combating corruption and upgrading national statistics. Efforts to lay the groundwork for a timely implementation of the reform measures underpinning the RSF arrangement approved in January should be stepped up.”

Table 1. Democratic Republic of the Congo: Selected Economic and Financial Indicators, 2023-26
	2023	2024		2025		2026
	Est.	CR No. 25/023	Prel.	CR No. 25/023	Proj.	CR No. 25/023	Proj.
	(Annual percentage change, unless otherwise indicated)
GDP and prices
Real GDP	8.5	6.0	6.5	5.4	5.3	5.1	5.3
Extractive GDP	19.7	11.6	12.2	7.7	8.2	5.2	5.8
Non-extractive GDP	3.5	3.2	3.5	4.2	3.6	5.0	5.0
GDP deflator	14.4	17.4	19.9	8.8	8.2	7.4	6.7
Consumer prices, period average	19.9	17.7	17.7	8.9	8.8	7.3	7.1
Consumer prices, end of period	23.8	12.0	11.7	7.8	7.8	7.0	7.0

	(Annual change in percent of beginning-of-period broad money)
Money and credit
Net foreign assets	19.9	17.4	23.0	18.2	14.5	23.7	22.7
Net domestic assets	20.3	4.9	5.6	-3.5	-1.0	-10.9	-10.5
Domestic credit	34.3	15.4	15.2	9.9	10.5	3.7	4.2
Broad money	40.3	22.4	28.1	14.7	13.8	12.8	12.3

	(Percent of GDP, unless otherwise indicated)
Central government finance
Revenue and grants	14.8	15.6	15.2	15.0	14.8	14.9	14.9
Expenditures	16.5	16.8	16.5	16.8	17.0	16.6	16.6
Domestic fiscal balance	-1.2	-0.3	-0.8	-0.8	-1.2	-0.8	-0.8

Investment and saving
Gross national saving	9.5	9.1	9.6	12.2	11.2	13.0	12.5
Investment	15.7	14.2	13.5	15.0	14.4	15.3	14.8
Non-government	12.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0	10.0

Balance of payments
Exports of goods and services	44.0	45.1	47.4	45.4	46.1	45.5	46.6
Imports of goods and services	49.9	48.9	50.3	47.3	47.5	46.9	47.0
Current account balance, incl. transfer	-6.2	-5.1	-3.9	-2.8	-3.2	-2.4	-2.4
Current account balance, excl. transfers	-7.5	-5.1	-5.0	-2.7	-3.4	-2.3	-2.6
Gross official reserves (weeks of imports)	8.2	10.0	10.1	11.5	11.8	12.7	12.8

External debt
Debt service in percent of government revenue	7.6	5.7	6.1	6.7	7.1	7.0	7.4

– on behalf of International Monetary Fund (IMF).

MIL OSI Africa –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI Video: UK Protecting our natural marine environments | Inside Lords Questions

Source: United Kingdom UK House of Lords (video statements)

Will the government ban destructive fishing methods and protect natural marine environments?

In the latest episode of Inside Lords Questions, we catch up with Baroness Sugg who recently pressed the government on whether it plans to ban bottom trawling and dredging in marine protected areas. Find out why she raised the question and what she wants to see the government do about it.

Watch the full question to hear from other Lords members on the topic and see how the government responded https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q-yhktZr16s

Bottom trawling is a fishing method that drags large nets along the seafloor. Sir David Attenborough recently drew attention to the impact of this practice on areas of seabed and marine life in his new documentary ‘Ocean’.

Look out for more episodes of Inside Lords Questions where we’ll speak to different members about the questions they raise to government. Catch up on previous episodes https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLilBYVf0P9abs7iH2ILMKNy1zWa5xHFB5

Catch-up on House of Lords business:

Watch live events: https://parliamentlive.tv/Lords
Read the latest news: https://www.parliament.uk/lords/

Stay up to date with the House of Lords on social media:

• X: https://twitter.com/UKHouseofLords
• Bluesky: https://bsky.app/profile/houseoflords.parliament.uk
• Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/UKHouseofLords/
• Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/UKHouseofLords
• Flickr: https://flickr.com/photos/ukhouseoflords/albums
• LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/the-house-of-lords
• Threads: https://www.threads.net/@UKHouseOfLords

#HouseOfLords #UKParliament

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9RNzZLGEeUg

MIL OSI Video –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Pathway to the launch of the Steel Strategy

Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments

News story

Pathway to the launch of the Steel Strategy

In the run-up to launching the Steel Strategy later this year, Industry Minister Sarah Jones has welcomed a series of recent wins for the sector.

This government is committed to a bright and sustainable future for steelmaking in the UK, as part of our Plan for Change.

In the run-up to launching the Steel Strategy later this year, Industry Minister Sarah Jones has welcomed a series of recent wins for the sector following government backing. The Government has taken major action on areas crucial for the sector, from trade protections and electricity costs to procurement, including:

Industrial Strategy and Spending Review

Slashing electricity costs for steel producers by cutting network charges via the Supercharger by 90%, up from 60%, as announced in our modern Industrial Strategy.
Streamlining grid access for major investment projects — including prioritising those that create high-quality jobs and deliver significant economic benefits – through a new Connections Accelerator Service.
We will work closely with the energy sector, local authorities, Welsh and Scottish Governments, trade unions, and industry to design this service, which we expect to begin operating at the end of 2025.
New powers in the Planning and Infrastructure Bill, currently before parliament, could also allow the Government to reserve grid capacity for strategically important projects, cutting waiting times and unlocking growth in key sectors.
The Industrial Strategy’s support for sectors such as Advanced Manufacturing will also increase demand for steel as a foundational product, as demand for lightweight and precision engineered steel products increases.
Confirming funding in the Spending Review for a £500 million grant to Tata Steel in Port Talbot as part of a £1.25bn transformation deal to construct an Electric Arc Furnace.

Trade

Strengthening current steel safeguard measures by slowing future increases in spikes of foreign imports, capping certain import levels and tightening country-specific limits – ensuring UK steel producers won’t be undercut while still making sure the UK has a steady and reliable supply.
Announcing our intent to launch new laws to expand our powers to respond to unfair trade practices, and guard against global turbulence in critical sectors, such as steel, as announced in the Trade Strategy.
Inviting steel producers, consumers and stakeholders across the supply chain to shape our future approach to trade measures for steel in a new call for evidence, as we continue to support the UK steel industry from unfair trading practices and strengthen the UK’s critical supply chains after the expiry of steel safeguard in June 2026.

Procurement

Changing government procurement rules, via the publication of a new Steel Public Procurement Notice, to ensure UK-made-steel is considered for all public projects and to use exemptions in buying rules to support steel makers wherever possible. This will give them access to more of the £400bn spent by the Government each year on procurement and help to protect our national security.
Publishing a pipeline of UK infrastructure projects taking place over the next few years. The 2025 data shows that over 7.5 million tonnes steel will be needed for these projects.
British Steel securing a £500m contract with Network Rail to supply over 337,000 tonnes of rail track, providing 80% of the company’s needs and helping to secure jobs.

Industry Minister Sarah Jones said:

This government recognises how vital steel is to our economy. That’s why we’re taking the decisive action needed to back the sector for the future, whether it’s slashing energy prices, strengthening government procurement or bolstering our trade defence measures.

Our upcoming Steel Strategy will set out our long-term vision for the sector and how we’ll work with industry and communities to deliver a bright, sustainable future for UK steelmaking that secures good, well-paid jobs across the country as part of our Plan for Change.

The Steel Strategy will be launched later this year, and will:

Establish a clear and ambitious long-term vision for the steel industry, in partnership with business and workers
Set out the actions needed to achieve that vision
Identify gaps in current capabilities and assess future UK steel demand, helping to inform investment decisions which will support economic growth
Set out what is needed to create a competitive business environment in the UK with the aim of attracting new private investment to expand UK steelmaking capability and capacity.

The Government will continue to work closely with the Steel Council and wider stakeholders to build on the significant positive steps we’ve taken towards the publication of the full Strategy.

You can find all our recent and upcoming announcements relating to the Steel Strategy on our GOV.UK Collection page.

Published 3 July 2025

MIL OSI United Kingdom –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI: BloFin WOW (War of Whales) 2025 Grand Prix Opens Registration for $4.2M Trading Championship and Tesla Cybertruck Prize

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

ROAD TOWN, Virgin Islands, July 03, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — BloFin, a leading global cryptocurrency exchange, has officially launched registration for its blockbuster trading competition: the WOW(War of Whales) 2025 Grand Prix.

With an extraordinary total prize pool of up to $4,200,000 USDT, exclusive giveaways including a Tesla Cybertruck, and four exciting competition formats, WOW 2025 is set to become one of the most dynamic trading events of the year for crypto traders worldwide.

Four Thrilling Competition Formats, One Epic Trading Season

This year’s WOW Grand Prix offers participants four engaging ways to compete and win big:

Trading Competition (Futures)
Treasure Box Prize Hunt
Lucky Spin Draw
Grand Lotto Giveaway

From June 26 to July 15, traders can join team battles, climb individual leaderboards, unlock random rewards, and spin their way toward exclusive prizes — creating a truly immersive trading experience.

A Record-Breaking $4.2 Million Prize Pool

The WOW 2025 prize pool scales with total trading volume milestones, starting at $35,000 USDT and expanding to a massive $4,200,000 USDT. The more participants trade, the larger the total prize pool becomes for the community.

Prize Distribution Highlights:

Team Competition (by Trading Volume): 40%
Team Competition (by PNL %): 20%
Individual Competition (by Trading Volume): 25%
Individual Competition (by PNL %): 15%

Additional top-tier rewards include:

A Tesla Cybertruck for the top-performing team
Luxury giveaways for individual champions

As part of this year’s event, BloFin is also unveiling the exclusive WOW (War of Whales) 2025 PNL Card — a distinctive digital emblem crafted for elite competitors. Inspired by the cyber-themed aesthetic of the WOW Grand Prix, this limited-edition PNL Card serves as a personalized record of each trader’s performance throughout the competition. Participants can proudly display their achievements, track their battle stats, and share their milestones within the crypto trading community.

Registration Now Open

Registration runs from June 20 to July 15, 2025 (UTC). Team leaders can create squads and users are encouraged to join early to maximize their competitive edge.

About BloFin

BloFin is a top-tier cryptocurrency exchange that specializes in futures trading. The platform offers 480+ USDT-M perpetual pairs, Coin-Margined Perpetual Contracts, spot trading, copy trading, API access, unified account management, and advanced sub-account solutions. Committed to security and compliance, BloFin integrates Fireblocks and Chainalysis to ensure robust asset protection. By partnering with top affiliates, BloFin delivers scalable trading solutions, efficient fund management, and enhanced flexibility for professional traders. As the constant sponsor of TOKEN2049, BloFin continues to expand its global presence, reinforcing its position as the place “WHERE WHALES ARE MADE.” For more information, visit BloFin’s official website at https://www.blofin.com.

Contact:
Annio W.
annio@blofin.io

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The MIL Network –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI: Tribal Loans Online For Bad Credit Guaranteed Approval No Credit Check Direct Lenders From Upper Lake Lending

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

New York City, NY, July 03, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Tribal loans online provide financial aid to those who need urgent cash to fulfill their emergent needs. Now there is no need to beg your relatives and friends for cash when you need finance for those emergencies. Upper Lake Lending is pleased to launch its tribal loan matching service designed for such needs. The majority of people are not willing to go for any loan due to their poor credit records. Such people think that no one will ever provide a loan to them. But now the time has changed. With the competition in the market, tribal lenders with guaranteed approval from Upper Lake Lending are coming up with newer and newer ways of borrowing money. No credit check tribal cash advance is a right choice for them. These advances can be utilized to clear off numerous expenses such as vehicle repair expenses, home renovation expenses, power bills, medical bills, schooling fees, and holiday tours.

Official website: Upper Lake Lending

Application page: Upper Lake Lending Tribal Loans Application Page

Benefits Of No Credit Check Tribal Loans From Direct Lenders

No credit check tribal loans, as the name suggests, are small instant cash loans which are approved without any credit verification. These are very quick to borrow money loans. As a borrower you may get the cash loan approved via the internet too. It is the fastest and the most suitable way to borrow money. Here you have to just fill in an application form available on the Upper Lake Lending website with all your details and once the form is filled, the remaining process will not take much of your time to get completed.

These tribal payday loans are offered in both secured as well as unsecured ways. In the first case, you may get the cash approved without any collateral. On the other hand, there is no such need in unsecured loans but they are generally offered at slightly higher rates of interest. This is because of the risk the direct tribal lender is bearing in granting you a loan without any security.

But seeing all other features of these tribal installment loans, this limitation may be ignored. You may also go for market research and can select the best direct tribal lender for the personal loan without any hassle. These all features give such loans an edge over other types of loans.

Below, we explore the various benefits associated with no credit check tribal loans.

Accessibility for All Borrowers

One of the primary advantages of bad credit tribal loans is their accessibility. Traditional lenders often rely heavily on credit scores to determine eligibility. In contrast, no credit check tribal lenders cater to a broader audience, including:

Individuals with Low Credit Scores: Those who have faced financial difficulties in the past may find it challenging to obtain loans through conventional means.
Borrowers with Limited Credit History: Young adults or newcomers to the credit system may not have enough credit history to qualify for standard loans.

This inclusivity of tribal loans allows more people to access the funds they need, regardless of their credit background.

Quick Approval Process

Another significant benefit of guaranteed tribal loans is the expedited approval process. Since tribal lenders do not conduct a thorough review of credit histories, borrowers can often receive approval within a short timeframe. This rapid response is particularly advantageous for those facing urgent financial needs, such as:

Medical Emergencies: Unexpected medical expenses can arise, and quick access to funds can alleviate stress.
Car Repairs: A sudden vehicle breakdown may require immediate financial attention.

Tribal loans with no credit check is the perfect solution for such urgent needs.

Minimal Impact on Credit Score

Applying for a traditional loan typically involves a hard credit inquiry, which can temporarily lower a borrower’s credit score. No credit check tribal payday loans, however, do not require such inquiries, allowing individuals to apply without the fear of damaging their credit further. This aspect is particularly appealing for those who are actively working to improve their credit scores.

Flexibility in Loan Amounts

Bad credit tribal loans with no credit check often provide flexibility in terms of loan amounts. Borrowers can typically choose from a range of options that suit their specific financial needs. This flexibility can be beneficial for various situations, such as:

Small Personal Expenses: Individuals may need a small amount for personal projects or emergencies.
Business Ventures: Entrepreneurs seeking to fund a new business idea can also benefit from these loans.

Fast Funding

Many no credit check loans offer quick funding, sometimes within one to two business days. This speed is crucial for borrowers who require immediate financial assistance. The ability to access funds quickly can make a significant difference in managing unexpected expenses. Same day tribal loans from Upper Lake Lending is the best option for such situations.

Requirements For Bad Credit Tribal Loans With Instant Approval

Currently such tribal loans for bad credit are presented only to the persons living in the US. The borrower must have attained an age of 18 years if he or she wants to get a loan approved. He or she should also be working somewhere drawing a regular salary each month. He or she should also have a valid bank account in any bank in the US.

Common Requirements for Bad Credit Tribal Payday Loans

While requirements can vary by tribal lender, several common criteria are typically observed:

Minimum Credit Score: Most tribal lenders require a minimum credit score, often around 580. Some may accept scores as low as 550.
Proof of Income: Borrowers must demonstrate a stable source of income, which reassures tribal lenders of their ability to repay the loan.
Employment Verification: Tribal lenders may require proof of employment or a steady income stream, which can include pay stubs or bank statements.
Debt-to-Income Ratio: A lower debt-to-income ratio is favorable. Tribal lenders often look for a ratio below 40% to ensure that borrowers can manage additional debt.
Identification and Residency: Valid identification and proof of residency are standard requirements to verify the borrower’s identity and address.

The best part of these easiest tribal loans to get is that a borrower does not need to undergo the strict and formal condition structure to get the loan approved. A person may at any time before his/her payday may apply for the loan. He/she may also get the loan via the internet. It is the cheapest and most reliable way to get money. Here a borrower may also check and compare the rates and other charges of different tribal lenders available at the Upper Lake Lending platform.

How Guaranteed Tribal Installment Loans For Bad Credit Work

Before applying for these loans you need to choose the tribal lender that provides you these loans at an affordable interest rate. After selecting the best tribal lender you need to visit the lender’s website and fill up an application form with some personal details such as name, sex, age, account number, monthly income, repayment period etc. prescribed in it. After that you will receive cash in your hands in just a couple of hours, usually on the same business day.

The process of obtaining a guaranteed tribal loan for bad credit generally involves several straightforward steps:

Application: Borrowers fill out an application form, providing necessary personal and financial information.
Approval: The lender reviews the application and, if approved, determines the loan amount and interest rate.
Disbursement: Once approved, the funds are disbursed to the borrower, often through direct deposit.

The best way to apply for such easy tribal loans is via an online method. It prevents you from many irritations. You have to just fill in a request form available on the Upper Lake Lending website and once the form is filled, the remaining job is completed by the direct tribal lender himself. You may get the cash loans approved the same day without going anywhere.

Risks Associated With Tribal Installment Loans

While guaranteed tribal loans can be beneficial, they also come with certain risks:

High Costs: The interest rates on these loans can be significantly higher than those of traditional loans, leading to substantial repayment amounts.
Debt Cycle: Borrowers may find themselves in a cycle of debt if they are unable to repay the loan on time, potentially leading to the need for additional borrowing.
Regulatory Environment: The legal framework governing tribal loans can be complex, and borrowers should be aware of their rights and obligations.

Considerations About Tribal Loans

Having a bad credit history has become very common amongst people nowadays. Due to this, many people find it very difficult to apply for fiscal assistance, as traditional lenders are not assured that the borrower will pay the amount back. Tribal lenders offering bad credit loans come to the rescue in such a situation. $500 tribal installment loans are finances which cater to the urgent needs of bad creditors. Upper Lake Lending provides access to the wide network of trusted direct tribal lenders only who provide $500 dollar loans for bad credit borrowers.

Tribal loans also have the option to submit an application without teletrack. As the name says no teletrack tribal payday loans are free from the time consuming procedure of credit checks. Almost everyone is approved for these tribal loans online. You can ask for money even if you are running on bad credit scores like arrears, defaults, bankruptcy, etc. There is no verification of credit history either. The tribal lender offering tribal loans with guaranteed approval is not concerned about your credit past.

No need to worry any longer about how to deal with the urgent financial needs if you are a person with a bad credit record. Bad credit tribal payday loans can help you to resolve your financial problems till the next payday. The tribal lending companies are providing these loans without any credit check so there will be no problem in the approval of the loan even if you are having a bad credit record. You can save a lot of time for yourself while applying for these loans online with Upper Lake Lending because Upper Lake Lending connects borrowers with bad credit ratings with direct tribal lenders who provide tribal loans online guaranteed approval no matter what.

Due to their short term nature and no verification of your past details, this finance carries a relatively high rate of interest. You can make an application for this facility through the online method on the Upper Lake Lending website. For that, all you have to do is fill up the application form. The form is provided to you free of cost. The best tribal lenders deposit the amount into your bank checking account after it is approved.

—————————————————————————————–

Upper Lake Lending

Morgan Brown

morgan@upperlakelending.com

https://upperlakelending.com

9620 Las Vegas Blvd S #570 | Las Vegas, NV 89123

Attachment

UpperLakeLending

The MIL Network –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI: Tribal Loans Online For Bad Credit Guaranteed Approval No Credit Check Direct Lenders From Upper Lake Lending

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

New York City, NY, July 03, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Tribal loans online provide financial aid to those who need urgent cash to fulfill their emergent needs. Now there is no need to beg your relatives and friends for cash when you need finance for those emergencies. Upper Lake Lending is pleased to launch its tribal loan matching service designed for such needs. The majority of people are not willing to go for any loan due to their poor credit records. Such people think that no one will ever provide a loan to them. But now the time has changed. With the competition in the market, tribal lenders with guaranteed approval from Upper Lake Lending are coming up with newer and newer ways of borrowing money. No credit check tribal cash advance is a right choice for them. These advances can be utilized to clear off numerous expenses such as vehicle repair expenses, home renovation expenses, power bills, medical bills, schooling fees, and holiday tours.

Official website: Upper Lake Lending

Application page: Upper Lake Lending Tribal Loans Application Page

Benefits Of No Credit Check Tribal Loans From Direct Lenders

No credit check tribal loans, as the name suggests, are small instant cash loans which are approved without any credit verification. These are very quick to borrow money loans. As a borrower you may get the cash loan approved via the internet too. It is the fastest and the most suitable way to borrow money. Here you have to just fill in an application form available on the Upper Lake Lending website with all your details and once the form is filled, the remaining process will not take much of your time to get completed.

These tribal payday loans are offered in both secured as well as unsecured ways. In the first case, you may get the cash approved without any collateral. On the other hand, there is no such need in unsecured loans but they are generally offered at slightly higher rates of interest. This is because of the risk the direct tribal lender is bearing in granting you a loan without any security.

But seeing all other features of these tribal installment loans, this limitation may be ignored. You may also go for market research and can select the best direct tribal lender for the personal loan without any hassle. These all features give such loans an edge over other types of loans.

Below, we explore the various benefits associated with no credit check tribal loans.

Accessibility for All Borrowers

One of the primary advantages of bad credit tribal loans is their accessibility. Traditional lenders often rely heavily on credit scores to determine eligibility. In contrast, no credit check tribal lenders cater to a broader audience, including:

Individuals with Low Credit Scores: Those who have faced financial difficulties in the past may find it challenging to obtain loans through conventional means.
Borrowers with Limited Credit History: Young adults or newcomers to the credit system may not have enough credit history to qualify for standard loans.

This inclusivity of tribal loans allows more people to access the funds they need, regardless of their credit background.

Quick Approval Process

Another significant benefit of guaranteed tribal loans is the expedited approval process. Since tribal lenders do not conduct a thorough review of credit histories, borrowers can often receive approval within a short timeframe. This rapid response is particularly advantageous for those facing urgent financial needs, such as:

Medical Emergencies: Unexpected medical expenses can arise, and quick access to funds can alleviate stress.
Car Repairs: A sudden vehicle breakdown may require immediate financial attention.

Tribal loans with no credit check is the perfect solution for such urgent needs.

Minimal Impact on Credit Score

Applying for a traditional loan typically involves a hard credit inquiry, which can temporarily lower a borrower’s credit score. No credit check tribal payday loans, however, do not require such inquiries, allowing individuals to apply without the fear of damaging their credit further. This aspect is particularly appealing for those who are actively working to improve their credit scores.

Flexibility in Loan Amounts

Bad credit tribal loans with no credit check often provide flexibility in terms of loan amounts. Borrowers can typically choose from a range of options that suit their specific financial needs. This flexibility can be beneficial for various situations, such as:

Small Personal Expenses: Individuals may need a small amount for personal projects or emergencies.
Business Ventures: Entrepreneurs seeking to fund a new business idea can also benefit from these loans.

Fast Funding

Many no credit check loans offer quick funding, sometimes within one to two business days. This speed is crucial for borrowers who require immediate financial assistance. The ability to access funds quickly can make a significant difference in managing unexpected expenses. Same day tribal loans from Upper Lake Lending is the best option for such situations.

Requirements For Bad Credit Tribal Loans With Instant Approval

Currently such tribal loans for bad credit are presented only to the persons living in the US. The borrower must have attained an age of 18 years if he or she wants to get a loan approved. He or she should also be working somewhere drawing a regular salary each month. He or she should also have a valid bank account in any bank in the US.

Common Requirements for Bad Credit Tribal Payday Loans

While requirements can vary by tribal lender, several common criteria are typically observed:

Minimum Credit Score: Most tribal lenders require a minimum credit score, often around 580. Some may accept scores as low as 550.
Proof of Income: Borrowers must demonstrate a stable source of income, which reassures tribal lenders of their ability to repay the loan.
Employment Verification: Tribal lenders may require proof of employment or a steady income stream, which can include pay stubs or bank statements.
Debt-to-Income Ratio: A lower debt-to-income ratio is favorable. Tribal lenders often look for a ratio below 40% to ensure that borrowers can manage additional debt.
Identification and Residency: Valid identification and proof of residency are standard requirements to verify the borrower’s identity and address.

The best part of these easiest tribal loans to get is that a borrower does not need to undergo the strict and formal condition structure to get the loan approved. A person may at any time before his/her payday may apply for the loan. He/she may also get the loan via the internet. It is the cheapest and most reliable way to get money. Here a borrower may also check and compare the rates and other charges of different tribal lenders available at the Upper Lake Lending platform.

How Guaranteed Tribal Installment Loans For Bad Credit Work

Before applying for these loans you need to choose the tribal lender that provides you these loans at an affordable interest rate. After selecting the best tribal lender you need to visit the lender’s website and fill up an application form with some personal details such as name, sex, age, account number, monthly income, repayment period etc. prescribed in it. After that you will receive cash in your hands in just a couple of hours, usually on the same business day.

The process of obtaining a guaranteed tribal loan for bad credit generally involves several straightforward steps:

Application: Borrowers fill out an application form, providing necessary personal and financial information.
Approval: The lender reviews the application and, if approved, determines the loan amount and interest rate.
Disbursement: Once approved, the funds are disbursed to the borrower, often through direct deposit.

The best way to apply for such easy tribal loans is via an online method. It prevents you from many irritations. You have to just fill in a request form available on the Upper Lake Lending website and once the form is filled, the remaining job is completed by the direct tribal lender himself. You may get the cash loans approved the same day without going anywhere.

Risks Associated With Tribal Installment Loans

While guaranteed tribal loans can be beneficial, they also come with certain risks:

High Costs: The interest rates on these loans can be significantly higher than those of traditional loans, leading to substantial repayment amounts.
Debt Cycle: Borrowers may find themselves in a cycle of debt if they are unable to repay the loan on time, potentially leading to the need for additional borrowing.
Regulatory Environment: The legal framework governing tribal loans can be complex, and borrowers should be aware of their rights and obligations.

Considerations About Tribal Loans

Having a bad credit history has become very common amongst people nowadays. Due to this, many people find it very difficult to apply for fiscal assistance, as traditional lenders are not assured that the borrower will pay the amount back. Tribal lenders offering bad credit loans come to the rescue in such a situation. $500 tribal installment loans are finances which cater to the urgent needs of bad creditors. Upper Lake Lending provides access to the wide network of trusted direct tribal lenders only who provide $500 dollar loans for bad credit borrowers.

Tribal loans also have the option to submit an application without teletrack. As the name says no teletrack tribal payday loans are free from the time consuming procedure of credit checks. Almost everyone is approved for these tribal loans online. You can ask for money even if you are running on bad credit scores like arrears, defaults, bankruptcy, etc. There is no verification of credit history either. The tribal lender offering tribal loans with guaranteed approval is not concerned about your credit past.

No need to worry any longer about how to deal with the urgent financial needs if you are a person with a bad credit record. Bad credit tribal payday loans can help you to resolve your financial problems till the next payday. The tribal lending companies are providing these loans without any credit check so there will be no problem in the approval of the loan even if you are having a bad credit record. You can save a lot of time for yourself while applying for these loans online with Upper Lake Lending because Upper Lake Lending connects borrowers with bad credit ratings with direct tribal lenders who provide tribal loans online guaranteed approval no matter what.

Due to their short term nature and no verification of your past details, this finance carries a relatively high rate of interest. You can make an application for this facility through the online method on the Upper Lake Lending website. For that, all you have to do is fill up the application form. The form is provided to you free of cost. The best tribal lenders deposit the amount into your bank checking account after it is approved.

—————————————————————————————–

Upper Lake Lending

Morgan Brown

morgan@upperlakelending.com

https://upperlakelending.com

9620 Las Vegas Blvd S #570 | Las Vegas, NV 89123

Attachment

UpperLakeLending

The MIL Network –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI: New Willis survey highlights changing global trends in cyber risk strategy for directors and officers

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

LONDON, July 03, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Data loss and cyber-attacks were identified as two of the top three risks to directors and officers, according to the latest Cyber Directors’ and Officers’ Survey Report by Willis, a WTW business, (NASDAQ:WTW).

The survey gathered responses from a range of sectors, including the services sector (24%) and finance and insurance (19%), with more than half representing for-profit, private companies. Among those surveyed, Great Britain was the only region to identify cyber-attacks (excluding cyber extortion) as the top risk. In contrast, respondents from North America and the Middle East ranked data loss as their primary concern.

Despite growing awareness of cyber-attacks and recent high-profile incidents, the risk ranking for cyber-attacks reduced by 2% between 2024 and 2025. The remainder of the survey explores potential reasons behind this change. Key points are as follows:

Frequency of cybersecurity updates: The survey found that the frequency of updates to boards on cyber security shifted. Last year, the survey illustrated that 20% of respondents only updated their board in response to an incident, which has decreased to 12% in 2025. The number of respondents who update their board on cyber security monthly increased from 18% to 28% between 2024-2025
Sponsorship trends: Respondents indicated an increased involvement from an officer outside of senior leadership, which suggested a need to engage both strategic and technical stakeholders to manage cyber risk most effectively
Incident response: 80% of respondents indicated that they have put a cyber incident response in place, with more than two thirds indicating that they have completed an incident response exercise in the past 12 months
Preparation: 65% of respondents feel they are well prepared to manage a cyber incident effectively (compared with 56% in 2024)
Cyber risk strategy budget: Respondents indicated that cyber security budgets will continue to increase in 2025 but to a lesser extent than 2024 (56% versus 63% respectively)
Cyber insurance: Cybersecurity risks were ranked as the most important aspect of directors’ and officers’ liability insurance coverage. More than half of respondents (53%) indicated that they have cyber insurance in place, with a further 18% planning to purchase it in the next two years.

Adrian Ruiz, head of FINEX GB Cyber & TMT, WTW, said: “Building a strong cyber security culture that engages all levels of the organisation is critical to managing today’s evolving threats. From investing wisely in training and technology to regularly testing response plans, businesses must take a proactive, strategic approach to cyber risk. The survey highlights the importance of staying informed and adapting in an increasingly complex digital landscape.”

The report can be downloaded here.

About the survey:

The survey provides a global view of the perceptions of risk among directors, officers, and risk managers from countries around the world. Once again, this year’s survey provides insights into the distribution of companies by type, revenue and industry. For-profit, private companies are the most represented, accounting for 56% of the respondents, followed by for-profit, listed companies at 32%. In terms of revenue, 33% of the companies have revenues between $0 and $50 million, another 33% have revenues between $50 million and $1 billion. The services industry makes up the largest proportion of respondents followed by transportation and retail and finance and insurance.

About WTW

At WTW (NASDAQ: WTW), we provide data-driven, insight-led solutions in the areas of people, risk and capital. Leveraging the global view and local expertise of our colleagues serving 140 countries and markets, we help organizations sharpen their strategy, enhance organizational resilience, motivate their workforce and maximize performance.

Working shoulder to shoulder with our clients, we uncover opportunities for sustainable success—and provide perspective that moves you.

Learn more at wtwco.com.

Media contact

Lauren David:

Lauren.david@wtwco.com / +44 7385947619

Haggie Partners

WTW@haggiepartners.com / + 44 20 7562 4444

The MIL Network –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI Russia: Concerts, master classes, film screenings will be held as part of the Friendship of Nations festival

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Moscow Government – Government of Moscow –

The fifth festival of national hospitality “Friendship of Peoples” will be held at VDNKh from July 3 to 6. Business, entertainment and cultural programs have been prepared for guests.

The program will include concerts, family entertainment, the International Festival of Culture, Fashion and National Hospitality “Uzoryfest” and much more. In addition, for the first time, the festival will feature two national holidays – the republics of Chuvashia and Udmurtia, as well as a special program for Karachay-Cherkessia. Entrance to most events is free, but some require pre-registration. You can view the program on the official website VDNKh.

As reported earlier Natalia Sergunina, Deputy Mayor of Moscow, as part of the festival “Friendship of Nations” Around 100 events of various formats are planned: expert discussions, art exhibitions, sports competitions, culinary master classes and tastings.

The participants of the business program will gather in the congress hall of the Cosmonautics and Aviation Center. They will discuss current issues related to business tourism, fashion, and culture. On July 3 at 1:00 p.m., there will be a panel discussion on the topic of “Going beyond the showcase: how museums are becoming living mediators,” and at 3:00 p.m., there will be a panel discussion on “MICE tourism: a look into the future.” On July 4 at 1:00 p.m., the plenary session “Friendship of Peoples: a variety of formats for interstate events” will begin. To participate in the business program, you must register.

The festival will take place from July 4 to 6 “Patterns Fest”. It will include two blocks: business and cultural and entertainment. They will be held from 11:00 to 20:00.

On July 5, from 2:00 PM to 10:00 PM, a concert program will be held on the main stage of the festival, located on the square between Pavilion No. 1 “Central” and the “Friendship of Peoples” fountain. It will feature the Moscow State Dance Ensemble “Russian Seasons”, the folk ensemble “Matrena-art”, the Udmurt State Theater of Folk Song and Dance “Aikai”, the folk group “Buranovskie Babushki”, the State Academic Choreographic Ensemble “Berezka” named after N.S. Nadezhdina, the State Academic Honored Dance Ensemble of Dagestan “Lezginka”, the State Song and Dance Ensemble of the Republic of Tatarstan, the State Academic Koryak National Dance Ensemble “Mengo” named after Alexander Gil (Gubernatorsky). The State Song and Dance Ensemble “Sayany” will present the world premiere of a fragment of the first Tuvan ballet “Subedei”. The main role will be played by People’s Artist of Russia Farukh Ruzimov.

In addition, the People’s Artist of Russia Nadezhda Krygina, the folk song ensemble “Lyubo-milo”, the folk-metal group “Kalevala”, the neofolk group “Balakir”, the ethno-electropunk group Hagrin, as well as the poet and composer Lena Vasilek, the performer from Donetsk Natalia Kachura, the singer Islam Itlyashev, and the first Mari rapper Ship Liy will perform.

Exhibitions, sports competitions, master classes

On July 4, events prepared by the Karachay-Cherkess Republic will be held. A documentary photo exhibition dedicated to the 200th anniversary of Cherkessk will open in the southern rose garden. It will introduce visitors to archival and historical footage of the city. The Cosmonautics and Aviation Center will host a tourism presentation of the region as part of the business program. At 1:00 p.m., the VDNKh Culture House will show the play The Marriage of Balzaminov by the Russian Drama and Comedy Theater of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic, and at 4:00 p.m., the feature film The Aul Test will be shown.

On July 5, the traditional holiday of the Udmurt Republic Gerber will be held. It is held after the end of spring field work to express gratitude to nature, perform symbolic rituals, conduct the first haymaking, cook barley porridge cooked in meat broth, and treat yourself to perepechi. The holiday will begin at 07:00 with a sports race on the northern loop of the VDNKh ring road. The route of the distances can be found atwebsiteYou can also register for the race here.

Guests will be able to visit an exhibition-fair of goods from young republican entrepreneurs and artisans, an exhibition called “Udmurtia is proud”, lessons in the Udmurt language and film screenings in it, a presentation of books by national writers, as well as watch a concert program and take part in various master classes.

On July 6, the national holiday of the Chuvash Republic, Akatuy, will take place. Sports competitions in kereshu wrestling will be organized for guests, as well as a special program in the “House of Russian Cuisine”: master classes, a concert, tastings. At 13:45, all those wishing to will walk around the “Friendship of Peoples” fountain in a round dance with the participation of artists in Chuvash costumes.

At 14:30 there will be a grand opening of the festival, an award ceremony for outstanding Chuvash people, a fashion show in national costumes, and a concert featuring the Chuvash State Academic Song and Dance Ensemble, the classical group “Belcanto”, the folklore and pop ensemble “Syaval”, the vocal group “Yardy” and Avgustina Ulyandina, the Chuvash vocal ensemble “Sespel”, groups of the Chuvash State Philharmonic, and artists of the republican pop scene. From 12:00 to 21:00, an exhibition and fair of products from Chuvash manufacturers will be held at the site near pavilion No. 64.

Outdoor events of the festival’s information partner are planned on the territory of the Orion Family Theme Park. The program “World Family Starts” will be held on July 3-4 from 17:00 to 20:00 and on July 5 and 6 from 13:00 to 20:00.

National Pavilion Program

Pavilion No. 4 (Exhibition and Trade Center of the Kyrgyz Republic) will participate in the festival for the first time. On July 3 and 4, guests will be able to attend a tea ceremony in a decorative yurt, take part in master classes on playing the komuz, attend Kyrgyz language lessons, play the folk board game “ordo” (“alchiki”), and take photos in national costumes.

On July 3, the exhibition “80 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War” will open in Pavilion No. 18 (Exhibition and Trade Center of the Republic of Belarus). It is dedicated to the Independence Day of the Republic of Belarus.

On July 3, the Bel Canto Foundation’s concert “Beauty of Uzbekistan” will be held in Pavilion No. 66 (Exhibition, Cultural and Exposition Center of the Republic of Uzbekistan). Guests will listen to vocal numbers, as well as violin and guitar pieces. In addition, from July 3 to 6, it will be possible to view the interiors of the pavilion.

On July 5, a master class on cooking the national dish “harisa” with tasting will be held in Pavilion No. 68 (Exhibition and Trade Center of the Republic of Armenia). In addition, musical and dance groups will perform for the guests.

Good Neighborliness Festival, Equestrian Ceremony, Film Festival

On July 4, the Children’s Embassy will host the circus program “Circus Lights Up the Lights,” and on July 5, it will host a good-neighborliness festival. Guests will visit a performance, workshops, a beauty gallery, get face painting, and see a clown and jugglers perform.

On July 5 at 11:45, the equestrian ceremony of the riders of the Kremlin Equestrian School will begin. The route runs from the Center of National Equestrian Traditions to the Druzhby Narodov Square, where a performance with the participation of the orchestra will be held for the spectators. In pavilion No. 42, the Center of National Equestrian Traditions, a program dedicated to Caucasian horse breeds will be presented. It will include educational stories and creative master classes. On July 6 at 12:00, sports events will be held for guests of VDNKh on the site of pavilion No. 27, Physical Education and Sports.

The Druzhba Narodov film festival will be held at the Cinema Museum at VDNKh. On July 3 at 4:00 PM, guests will be introduced to the festival program and the film Girl with a Guitar will be shown. On July 5 at 4:00 PM, the drama Little Sister will be presented, and on July 6 at 4:00 PM, the film Don’t Bury Me Without Ivan. Detailed information can be found on the website Cinema Museum.

The Atom Museum invites you to the Atom Unites tour from July 4 to 6 at 19:00, which will open the world of international nuclear energy to visitors. You can register atwebsite. On July 3 at 17:00, there will be a master class “Radiation around: from the Urals to Kamchatka” and a quiz “Through the Arctic ice”. And on July 3 and 4 at 16:00, young visitors will be introduced to social geography at the master class “Across Eurasia with Atom”. You can find out more about it atwebsite.

The Glavvino pavilion has prepared a special summer set, “Hospitality,” consisting of five Russian wines and snacks to go with them. The set is available for order from July 3 to 6.

On July 5 at 16:00 in the hall “Krasnostop” (2nd floor of the pavilion “Glavvino”) there will be a tasting “Hospitality” with chef-caviste Vladimir Glukhov. In honor of the festival on the site in front of the pavilion from 15:00 to 22:00 there will be a DJ.

Holding events for VDNKh guests corresponds to the objectives of the national project “Tourism and Hospitality” and is the most important part of the VDNKh strategy until 2030.

Project “Summer in Moscow” — the main event of the season. It unites the most vibrant events of the capital. Every day in all districts of the city there are charity, cultural and sports programs, most of which are free. The Summer in Moscow project is being held for the second time, and this season will be more eventful: new, original and colorful festivals and events will be added to the traditional ones.

Get the latest news quicklyofficial telegram channel the city of Moscow.

Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Please Note; This Information is Raw Content Directly from the Information Source. It is access to What the Source Is Stating and Does Not Reflect

https: //vv.mos.ru/nevs/ite/156166073/

MIL OSI Russia News –

July 3, 2025

MIL-OSI Russia: City rental offered favorable rates to participants of the night bike festival

Translation. Region: Russian Federal

Source: Moscow Government – Government of Moscow –

Participants of the Moscow Night Bike Festival will be able to take advantage of the favorable Velofest tariff. This was announced by the Deputy Mayor of Moscow for Transport and Industry Maxim Liksutov.

“The night bike festival will take place on July 5, its route will be 21 kilometers. “Velobike” has prepared special conditions for participants, and electric bicycles will be waiting for you on Luzhnetskaya Embankment. We continue to improve the accessibility, safety and convenience of bike rides, making them even more profitable for city residents on behalf of Sergei Sobyanin,” explained Maxim Liksutov.

They offer to rent a bike for three hours for 549 rubles – that’s only three rubles per minute. The tariff can be purchased from July 3 until the end of the bike festival. The package is valid for seven days from the moment of payment or until the three hours are exhausted. During this period, the tariff can be re-issued.

The number of bicycles is limited, those available for rent are listed in the app “Velobike”Those who will participate in the festival in their own transport will be able to use the technical inspection service at the city rental company workshop.

Registration onbike festival is already open. The starting town will open at 20:00. The 21-kilometer route will begin on Luzhnetskaya Embankment and end near Sokolniki Park. Participants should arrive at the starting point at the time specified during registration, and also follow the rules for using bicycles and traffic.

Get the latest news quicklyofficial telegram channel the city of Moscow.

Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Please Note; This Information is Raw Content Directly from the Information Source. It is access to What the Source Is Stating and Does Not Reflect

https: //vv.mos.ru/nevs/ite/156182073/

MIL OSI Russia News –

July 3, 2025

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Exhibitions, sports competitions, master classes

National Pavilion Program

Good Neighborliness Festival, Equestrian Ceremony, Film Festival