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Category: Education

  • MIL-OSI USA: Booker Statement Mourning Passing of Mrs. Lee Porter, New Jersey’s “Mother of Fair Housing”

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for New Jersey Cory Booker

    NEWARK, N.J. – Today, U.S. Senator Cory Booker (D-NJ) issued the following statement:

    “My heart is heavy with the news of Mrs. Lee Porter’s passing. She was a beloved pillar of our community and a true champion for all New Jerseyans. I was blessed to call her a friend, teacher, and mentor.

    “Mrs. Lee Porter was a visionary community organizer and a beacon of hope for countless families, including my own. Like most, I first got to know her as the ‘Mother of Fair Housing,’ when she changed the trajectory of my entire life.

    “Dedicating more than fifty years to nurturing our shared communities, Mrs. Lee Porter rightfully believed that we are at our best if––and only if––we uphold the principles of equality and justice. Mrs. Lee Porter’s legacy is one of deep compassion and conviction, and it is one that I will aspire to fulfill with the same zeal and care with which she lived her life. I extend my sincerest condolences to Mrs. Lee Porter’s family, friends, and all who had the privilege of knowing of her.”

    MIL OSI USA News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Transcript – ABC Melbourne Mornings with Justin Smith

    Source: Murray Darling Basin Authority

    JUSTIN SMITH, HOST: Yesterday the Albanese Government announced legislation around child care, introduced the legislation into Parliament. The main part of this is the threat to withdraw funding from centres that do not come up to standard. The Federal Minister for Early Childhood Education, Victorian Senator Jess Walsh, is in our Canberra studio. Minister, good morning.

    SENATOR DR JESS WALSH, MINISTER FOR EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND MINISTER FOR YOUTH: Good morning, Justin. Thanks for having me.

    SMITH: With this new plan, how would that have prevented what we’re now talking about?

    WALSH: Well, this has been a really distressing time, Justin, for families in Victoria, families of the children who are affected. Really, all parents of children who have their kids in early childhood education are watching on and they want strong action. So we have introduced legislation into the first sitting of our new Parliament to cut Commonwealth funding from those providers who do put profit ahead of child safety. This is a big lever that we have in the Commonwealth. We fund early learning centres through the Commonwealth Child Care Subsidy. This legislation will allow us for the first time to withdraw that subsidy from those providers who consistently and persistently fail to put child safety first.

    SMITH: OK. This has come up, though, because of what, particularly in Victoria, as you’re a Victorian Senator, what we’ve seen in the last three weeks. So, for that reason, you’re introducing this legislation. So how is that going to prevent what we’ve been talking about and what we’ve been seeing? How will it change that? How will it stop that?

    WALSH: Yeah, Justin, we announced this legislation some months ago and it certainly is in response to concerns about quality and safety in early childhood education. We know that the vast majority of providers do the right thing. We know that the vast majority of our dedicated, passionate early childhood educators do the right thing. But there is a small number of repeat offenders who this legislation is targeted at. It allows us to withdraw funding from those providers, it allows us to stop them expanding, and it allows us to take a range of actions against them, right from issuing them with show-cause notices, imposing conditions on their services, and again right through to withdrawing funding.

    SMITH: No, no, I understand. I understand. And respectfully, forgive me for interrupting, but I will have to ask the same question again. How is that going to prevent what we’re talking about? If somebody is working in the industry, they have got red flags against them but there are no charges and then they pop up at another child care centre, with the proposals that you’re now putting in place, how is that going to prevent that?

    WALSH: Yeah, thanks Justin. So, there’s two big pieces of work going on here and I hope you’ll let me go through them because –

    SMITH: Sure.

    WALSH: It’s really important, Justin. So, there’s our Commonwealth legislation, we have a big lever, being the funding and I’ve taken you through that. At the same time the Commonwealth States and Territories are working together shoulder-to-shoulder on a big package of reform – a strong and significant package of child safety reform. And that goes to some of the other things that are being discussed right now, including the first ever nationwide register of early childhood educators. You’re right that there have been flags raised about this alleged offender in Victoria. What we need is a nationwide register of early childhood educators that allows us to see those flags. And that register needs to be integrated with working with children checks. And yes, this individual, this alleged offender, had a working with children check. And it needs to be integrated with other information that we have about substantiated complaints and conduct against individuals. And that’s what we’re working towards. That register will raise those flags.

    SMITH: Yep.

    WALSH: It will allow us to track that behaviour, Justin, and provide information to regulators around the country about action that needs to be taken.

    SMITH: Just on that register, before you move on to anything else, the Productivity Commission recommended that last year. How long is that going to take to get up and running?

    WALSH: So, we’re working on it right now. As you’ve said, the Victorian Government is also working on these matters as well. They’ve announced their own register. We’re having discussions with them about making sure that it will be harmonised into the nationwide register. I think people want us to work together and we are. We do know that early childhood educators and providers cross borders and we need one strong national harmonised approach where we can see where our early childhood educators are working and where every regulator across the country can see those red flags.

    SMITH: How long will it take for the register to get up and running?

    WALSH: So, Justin, I don’t have an answer to that this morning. We’re meeting again in a couple of weeks, and we’ll announce the plans for the register then. We had an urgent ministers meeting – an urgent stand-alone meeting of Education Ministers focused on this issue at the end of June. At that meeting we put this nationwide register right on our agenda. We’re working on it. We’re coming back together in August, and we’ll have more to say then.

    SMITH: OK. You can understand, and I don’t mean to be disrespectful when I say this, but you understand that people listening to this, parents who are listening to this now, have a fear that what is being announced and what’s being introduced into Parliament is a bit of window dressing and that it’s not actually going to make any changes. You would understand that fear?

    WALSH: Justin, I met with three mums yesterday who had the courage to come up to here in Canberra and talk about their experiences. They were parents of children who had been abused in early learning settings historically, and I listened to their stories and their stories will stay with me and drive the action that we are taking. If there was one simple thing, Justin, that we could do, everyone would do it – the Commonwealth, States and Territories. There are many actions that need to be taken. I think everyone’s been really honest in this that not enough has been done up until now, but there is a real determination to do more. At the Commonwealth level, we have this lever of our funding, and we are sending a clear message to providers to lift their game or leave the sector. And we are working shoulder to shoulder with the States and Territories around a strong and significant package of reform.

    SMITH: I guess there –

    WALSH: Not enough has been –

    SMITH: I’m sorry. Finish, please.

    WALSH: Not enough has been done, Justin. I think everyone can see that. Everyone is clear about that. But we are all working together at a Commonwealth, State and Territory level and we are all driven by our understanding of the experiences that families are having right now and the fears that they have.

    SMITH: With the withdrawal of funding, who is going to police that? Who will make the spot checks? Who will do the reports and make a call on whether a centre is up to scratch or not?

    WALSH: So the Secretary of my Department is already looking at the data that we have. We know that there’s a small group of providers that consistently and persistently breach our national quality standards. We’re also looking at serious incidents, we’re looking at complaints, and we know which providers are of concern. It’s important to say, Justin, that if there are serious and imminent concerns, child care centres can be shut down immediately, and that does happen from time to time. This legislation is about the Commonwealth having the power for the first time to remove funding from those providers who are doing the wrong thing. And we also want it to send a message to the sector to lift their investment in quality and safety now.

    SMITH: It’s 14 to 9. We’re with Jess Walsh, who is the Early Childhood Education Minister in the Albanese Government. Minister, I’m sorry, I’ll have to ask that – I will have to ask you that question again. Who makes the decision? Who polices it? Who does the spot checks?

    WALSH: The Commonwealth is responsible for setting the standards, and the States and Territories for enforcing those standards with boots on the ground. It’s the States and Territories who have the regulators.

    SMITH: OK.

    WALSH: And we are of course all working together. We are hearing from the State regulators that this stick, if you like, that we have will help them do their job as well.

    SMITH: Does that not place us back into a problem that we’ve had, which is that the State and the Commonwealth are working, not working separately but they are separate entities and as you’re going to be relying on the States to gather this data to make the call on these child care centres, but each State seems to have a very different way of approaching child care? How is that all going to be pulled together nationally?

    WALSH: Well, the Commonwealth and the States do have different responsibilities, Justin, but we have one responsibility and that is to keep children safe in early learning and to give parents the confidence that their children are safe too. The regulators do provide information. We want to make sure that that information is shared nationally. And what we are doing this week with the legislation that we introduced yesterday is making sure that we can use the Commonwealth lever that we have, to withdraw funding from those providers who do put profit ahead of child safety. And there is one thing I want to add, Justin, to reassure parents. The vast majority of providers are meeting and exceeding our standards. Over 90 per cent of providers are meeting and exceeding standards. And the vast majority of educators out there are doing the very best job that they can do every day. There’s over a million families out there in Australia who are getting quality early education. This is a real problem that we’re seeing in terms of the distressing events that are occurring in Victoria, and more needs to be done about that. That’s why we’re focused on this legislation and bringing together a strong and significant package of child safety reforms.

    SMITH: Okay. Is the, you talk about standard, is the Allan Government up to standard?

    WALSH: Well, I think the Victorian Government, as with all governments around the country, have acknowledged that not enough has been done to date, and that more needs to be done. And we’ve acknowledged that at a Commonwealth level as well. Again, it’s why we’ve introduced this legislation in the first sitting of this Parliament because it’s such a big priority for us to keep children safe. It’s why we’re working shoulder to shoulder with the States on this package of reform. Of course, there is a review underway in Victoria, and we await the results of that review.

    SMITH: Thank you for your time, Minister.

    WALSH: Thank you.
     

    MIL OSI News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-Evening Report: Swirling nebula of two dying stars revealed in spectacular detail in new Webb telescope image

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Benjamin Pope, Associate Professor, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Macquarie University

    The day before my thesis examination, my friend and radio astronomer Joe Callingham showed me an image we’d been awaiting for five long years – an infrared photo of two dying stars we’d requested from the Very Large Telescope in Chile.

    I gasped – the stars were wreathed in a huge spiral of dust, like a snake eating its own tail.

    The coils of Apep as captured by the European Space Observatory’s Very Large Telescope.
    ESO/Callingham et al., CC BY

    We named it Apep, for the Egyptian serpent god of destruction. Now, our team has finally been lucky to use NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to look at Apep.

    If anything could top the first shock of seeing its beautiful spiral nebula, it’s this breathtaking new image, with the JWST data now analysed in two papers on arXiv.

    Violent star deaths

    Right before they die as supernovae, the universe’s most massive stars violently shed their outer hydrogen layers, leaving their heavy cores exposed.

    These are called Wolf-Rayet stars after their discoverers, who noticed powerful streams of gas blasting out from these objects, much stronger than the stellar wind from our Sun. The Wolf-Rayet stage lasts only millennia – a blink of the eye in cosmic time scales – before they violently explode.

    Unlike our Sun, many stars in the universe exist in pairs known as binaries. This is especially true of the most massive stars, such as Wolf-Rayets.

    When the fierce gales from a Wolf-Rayet star clash with their weaker companion’s wind, they compress each other. In the eye of this storm forms a dense, cool environment in which the carbon-rich winds can condense into dust. The earliest carbon dust in the cosmos – the first of the material making up our own bodies – was made this way.

    The dust from the Wolf-Rayet is blown out in almost a straight line, and the orbital motion of the stars wraps it into a spiral-shaped nebula, appearing exactly like water from a sprinkler when viewed from above.

    We expected Apep to look like one of these elegant pinwheel nebulas, discovered by our colleague and co-author Peter Tuthill. To our surprise, it did not.

    The ‘pinwheel’ nebula of the triple Wolf-Rayet star system WR104.
    Peter Tuthill

    Equal rivals

    The new image was taken using JWST’s infrared camera, like the thermal cameras used by hunters or the military. It represents hot material as blue, and colder material in green through to red.

    It turns out Apep isn’t just one powerful star blasting a weaker companion, but two Wolf-Rayet stars. The rivals have near-equal strength winds, and the dust is spread out in a very wide cone and wrapped into a wind-sock shape.

    When we originally described Apep in 2018, we noted a third, more distant star, speculating whether it was also part of the system or a chance interloper along the line of sight.

    The dust appeared to be moving much slower than the winds, which was hard to explain. We suggested the dust might be carried on a slow, thick wind from the equator of a fast-spinning star, rare today but common in the early universe.

    The new, much more detailed data from JWST reveals three more dust shells zooming farther out, each cooler and fainter than the last and spaced perfectly evenly, against a background of swirling dust.

    The Apep nebula in false colour, displaying infrared data from JWST’s MIRI camera.
    Han et al./White et al./Dholakia; NASA/ESA

    New data, new knowledge

    The JWST data are now published and interpreted in a pair of papers, one led by Caltech astronomer Yinuo Han, and the other by Macquarie University Masters student Ryan White.

    Han’s paper reveals how the nebula’s dust cools, links the background dust to the foreground stars, and suggests the stars are farther away from Earth than we thought. This implies they are extraordinarily bright, but weakens our original claim about the slow winds and rapid rotation.

    In White’s paper, he develops a fast computer model for the shape of the nebula, and uses this to decode the orbit of the inner stars very precisely.

    He also noticed there’s a “bite” taken out out of the dust shells, exactly where the wind of the third star would be chewing into them. This proves the Apep family isn’t just a pair of twins – they have a third sibling.

    An illustration of the cavity carved by the third star companion in the Apep system.
    White et al. (2025)

    Understanding systems like Apep tells us more about star deaths and the origins of carbon dust, but these systems also have a fascinating beauty that emerges from their seemingly simple geometry.

    The violence of stellar death carves puzzles that would make sense to Newton and Archimedes, and it is a scientific joy to solve them and share them.

    Benjamin Pope receives funding from the Australian Research Council and the Big Questions Institute.

    – ref. Swirling nebula of two dying stars revealed in spectacular detail in new Webb telescope image – https://theconversation.com/swirling-nebula-of-two-dying-stars-revealed-in-spectacular-detail-in-new-webb-telescope-image-258314

    MIL OSI Analysis – EveningReport.nz –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI USA: Cramer Chairs EPW Transportation and Infrastructure Subcommittee Hearing, Discusses Regulatory Reforms, Safe Routes to School

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator Kevin Cramer (R-ND)

    WASHINGTON, D.C. – U.S. Senator Kevin Cramer (R-ND), Chair of the Senate Environment and Public Works (EPW) Subcommittee on Transportation and Infrastructure, held a hearing on the development of the Surface Transportation Reauthorization Bill. The hearing focused specifically on three bipartisan bills Cramer led with colleagues on the EPW committee:

    • S.1733, the Highway Funding Transferability Improvement Act, which increases the percentage of funds a state Department of Transportation (DOT) can transfer between formula categories from 50% to 75% percent. This change gives state DOTs more flexibility to direct funds to high-priority infrastructure projects allowing them to make investments better reflecting local needs.
    • S.1167, the Transportation Asset Management Simplification Act, which cuts red tape for State DOTs by streamlining asset management reporting requirements. Specifically, it eliminates annual asset management compliance reports allowing state DOTs to spend more time maintaining and improving roads and bridges instead of filing redundant paperwork.
    • S.1828, the Safe Routes Improvement Act, which requires each state DOT to designate a Safe Routes to School Program coordinator. The intent is to enhance program accessibility for communities in North Dakota and nationwide.

    [embedded content]

    ***Click here for audio. Click here for video.***

    In his opening statement, Cramer said: “As we look toward reauthorization, I’m focused on advancing practical, bipartisan policies to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the Federal Aid-highway program.

    “As I like to say, without well-maintained routes like Interstate 94, which is made possible because of formula funding, durum wheat from North Dakota would never become pasta in New York or Los Angeles. North Dakota is low population state, but the number one producer of many commodities. Our roads can’t be relegated to gravel and expect interstate commerce to thrive. The formula system works and this committee has demonstrated a strong commitment to it over the years.

    “Greater flexibility for states is precisely the goal of the Highway Funding Transferability Improvement Act, which I was happy to partner with Ranking Member Alsobrooks on. It’s a great idea and I’m glad we’re working on it. Her forward-thinking approach on this issue is refreshing. The concept with our legislation is remarkably simple, a lot of good things are, but very important. States know their needs better than any bureaucrat in Washington.

    “I look forward to working with my colleagues to get this bill done and to ensure the highway program is more responsive to the needs of our constituents.”

    Cramer introduced Chad Orn, who serves as the Deputy Director for Planning at the North Dakota Department of Transportation, saying “Chad knows firsthand how critical transportation infrastructure is to everyday life in North Dakota. He literally works every day to ensure our roads and bridges meet the needs of communities across the state. I couldn’t ask for a better voice to bring a boots on the ground perspective to this hearing.”

    He also introduced Marisa Jones, the Managing Director for the Safe Routes Partnership. In the last highway bill, Cramer and U.S. Senator Catherine Cortez Masto (D-NV) expanded the Safe Routes to School Program to include high school students. Earlier this year, Cramer introduced the Safe Routes Improvement Act to further enhance the Safe Routes to School Program. In her introductory remarks, Ms. Jones highlighted specific examples of how several North Dakota communities have utilized the Safe Routes to School program to advance projects. “Let’s look at North Dakota to see examples of how Safe Routes to School works in small towns and rural states. Gwinner, with population 924, built sidewalks to connect the Southside neighborhood to the school. Even Medora with just 155 residents completed a Safe Routes to School project connecting the high school to Main Street. And Minot, which I concede is a big city for North Dakota, but it’s been working on Safe Routes for 15 years, guided by a district-wide plan and building sidewalks to schools annually, funded through the transportation alternatives program.”

    [embedded content]

    ***Click here for audio. Click here for video.***

    Cramer first asked Orn and Samantha Biddle, the Maryland Deputy Secretary of Transportation, about specific suggestions for accelerating the delivery of infrastructure projects. Both witnesses highlighted a need to allow more projects to qualify for an expedited environmental review process. This goal aligns with the intent of the One Federal Decision which was included in the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act and championed by Cramer.

    “We need to raise the rates on that for value engineering, and then the definition of a major project,” said Orn. “That’s another thing. Even here in North Dakota, we’re right up against, the definition of a major project, which, when I first started at DOT, I and I never, ever thought we would be anywhere near what cost a major project but just sheer cost of projects we’re right there.”

    “Just being, you know, realistic about kind of how far we are able to stretch these dollars and then how that does also apply to the permitting landscape, I think, is a needed adjustment in thinking through those sorts of things,” responded Biddle. 

    Cramer then discussed the Safe Routes to School Program. He asked Jones to explain how communities, especially in rural areas, can learn more about the program and ultimately access funds to move forward with safety projects.

    “There’s more funding available, but it means that in a small rural community where they might not have full time staff at all, and maybe the mayor is also the grocery clerk,” responded Jones. “They don’t have the capacity or awareness, sometimes to pursue [this] funding. And so this is exactly why we need statewide routes to school coordinators to help communities, first of all, raise their awareness that this is an opportunity, and then help them navigate federal funding, apply for grants, and build projects that save lives. And we see the return on that investment in rural states in states all across the country […]These are projects that children and families love, local elected officials, love these projects. These help build economic development, improve safety, get kids physically active, and help get kids to school and time and ready to learn.”

    Cramer concluded the hearing by asking witnesses about solutions to address work zone safety challenges. “As big a hurry as we are to get a highway maintained or built or fixed, we’re also often in too big a hurry to get to wherever our destination is and don’t pay it close enough attention to the hazard of workers right on the very highway we’re driving on,” said Cramer. “Maybe you could if you have any thoughts or suggestions legislatively that we should be looking at for improvement of worker safety?”

    Biddle explained how in Maryland, “We implemented legislation, through the state of Maryland, that introduced a tiered fine structure and also allows us to expand our implementation of work zone cameras. I always say that I hope we don’t earn a single dollar through these programs, because it’s not about generating revenue. It’s about protecting our workers and saving lives.”

    Orn outlined the agency’s commitment to safety and the importance of working closely with local partners. “We have a real good relationship with our AGC, our American General Contractors, so we do work with them, and [a] work zone is important, but we don’t want to see a bunch of restrictions on them,” replied Orn. “We still want flexibility to be able to work with our contractors and our partners on the work zone safety. And if we hear any feedback, we make corrections. We fix it. We listen to them because we know it’s critical with that. A few examples of stuff that we did in North Dakota as Samantha led to, we also just raised our fines within work zones, almost doubled them in the state, and that’s going to go an effect on August 1, the state legislature does that. And another thing we do, and we’ve been doing for years and years and years, is we provide overtime dollars to our highway patrol, so then that they can patrol the work zone.”

    Below is the opening statement of Chair Cramer, as delivered.

    “This is a good hearing and a good day to discuss the road ahead for us. We’re going to discuss proposals to improve America’s transportation infrastructure. It’s an important conversation, on the EPW Committee, we’ve already begun to work to craft surface transportation reauthorization legislation for next year.

    “Senator Alsobrooks and I were just visiting about how the last one passed out of the committee unanimously. Beginning work early, working together, having good witnesses helps us get to a similar goal next year.

    “I commend Chairman Capito for her leadership in getting the reauthorization process started early and look forward to working with her, Ranking Member Whitehouse, Ranking Member Alsobrooks, and of course my fellow committee members to get a comprehensive, bipartisan bill across the finish line next year. 

    “I also want to thank our witnesses today for being here. We appreciate your time and the insight that you bring to this conversation.

    “As we look toward reauthorization, I’m focused on advancing practical, bipartisan policies to improve the efficiency and the effectiveness of the Federal Aid-highway program. Just last week, as I said, the full committee held an excellent hearing with state and local leaders, including Governor Kelly Armstrong where we talked about lessons learned in past bills and what improvements we can make. Some programs like the Bridge Formula program are a high priority for all states. Governor Armstrong spoke in strong support of it and it’s no surprise that his Department of Transportation is echoing the same strong support in your testimony today.

    “But there are areas where we can improve. In recent months, I’ve introduced three bills, which I believe are all central to this effort. Each reflects direct input from states and is about getting better outcomes, without increasing the cost to the taxpayers.

    “From the start, however, I need to emphasize the importance of preserving and strengthening formula funding. As I like to say, without well-maintained routes like Interstate 94, which is made possible because of formula funding, durum wheat from North Dakota would never become pasta in New York or Los Angeles, and wouldn’t that be too bad. North Dakota is low population state, but the number one producer of many agricultural commodities. Our roads can’t be relegated to gravel and expect interstate commerce to thrive. The formula system works and this committee has demonstrated a strong commitment to it over the years.

    “In terms of reforms, I think we need to take a serious look at reducing the regulatory burden on states and cutting red tape within the highway program. My bill with Senator Kelly, the Transportation Asset Management Simplification Act, does just that. It’s a small fix but it supports a much bigger goal of cutting through the bureaucracy so that every dollar goes further.

    “Another key principle is providing more flexibility for states to make investment decisions that better reflect local needs. Greater flexibilities for states is precisely the goal of the Highway Funding Transferability Improvement Act, which I was happy to partner with Ranking Member Alsobrooks on. It’s a great idea and I’m glad we’re working on it. Her forward-thinking approach on this issue is refreshing. The concept with our legislation is remarkably simple, a lot of good things are, but very important. States know their needs better than any bureaucrat in Washington. North Dakota and Maryland’s constituents have very different transportation needs. It turns out, when Washington gets out of the way, states know exactly what to do and deliver real results. Both Ranking Member Alsobrooks and I served in state and local government, and I think both of us would agree, the best partnerships with the federal government were those where we could be the most nimble to meet a constituent’s needs. I always tell federal witnesses and nominees: please, do not impose federal mediocrity on our state’s excellence. This bill embodies that basic principle and I look forward to hearing from both our state witnesses on this point.

    “Safety, however, must also be at the forefront of everything we do. Specifically, making it safer and easier for kids to walk and bike to school. I introduced the Safe Routes to School Improvement Act with Senator Markey to do just that. This builds on bipartisan work that we did with Senator Cortez Masto in the last highway bill that expanded the Safe Routes to School program to include high schools. This bill would enhance access to the program for communities in North Dakota and nationwide by requiring states to have a specific point of contact to help local communities navigate the program and understand what exactly they are eligible to apply for. This will improve infrastructure like sidewalks and street crossings so that children who walk or bike to school are safer in that process.

    “Lastly, this committee must do more to accelerate project delivery. There is a lot to be said on this, but I’d just note the One Federal Decision (OFD) framework was a strong concept under the last bipartisan infrastructure bill, but it hasn’t delivered the results we hoped for. As part of reauthorization, at minimum, we should revisit the OFD and make real improvements.

    “I look forward to working with my colleagues to get this bill done and to ensure the highway program is more responsive to the needs of our constituents.”

    MIL OSI USA News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: New investment to drive AI and biotech innovation

    Source: New Zealand Government

    The Government is investing $24 million in smart, practical science that will help New Zealanders live healthier lives and support the development of sustainable food industries.

    Science, Innovation and Technology Minister Dr Shane Reti today announced two major research programmes in partnership with Singapore, focusing on artificial intelligence (AI) tools for healthy ageing and biotechnology for future food production.

    “Science and innovation are critical to building a high-growth, high-value economy. That’s why we’re investing in research with a clear line of sight to commercial outcomes and real public benefit,” Dr Reti says.

    “This Government is focused on backing the technologies that will deliver real-world results for New Zealanders – not just in the lab, but in our hospitals, homes, and businesses.

    “Whether it’s supporting older Kiwis to live well for longer or developing smarter food production systems, these projects are about practical applications of advanced science to solve problems and grow our economy.”

    Funded through the Catalyst Fund, designed to facilitate international collaboration, the investment will support seven joint research projects over the next three years, deepening New Zealand’s research ties with Singapore and building capability in AI and biotechnology.

    The AI programme, delivered alongside AI Singapore, directly supports the Government’s Artificial Intelligence Strategy – a plan to use AI to safely and effectively boost productivity and deliver better public services.

    “Our AI Strategy is about encouraging the uptake of AI to improve productivity and realise its potential to deliver faster, smarter, and more personalised services, including in healthcare,” says Dr Reti.  

    “These projects will help develop tools that support clinicians and improve care for our ageing population. Our collaboration with Singapore, a country well advanced in their use and development of AI, will help grow Kiwi capability to explore future practical uses of AI.”

    The biotechnology programme will focus on turning scientific research into scalable food solutions, including alternative proteins and new food ingredients, in partnership with Singapore’s A*STAR.

    “These partnerships are about future-proofing our economy and our communities — tackling global challenges with New Zealand science at the forefront,” Dr Reti says.

    Notes to the Editor:

    The Leveraging AI for Health Ageing programme will partner with AI Singapore (AISG) and will fund three projects which apply AI to improve health outcomes for older adults, particularly in cognitive health and personalised care:

    • AI-Assisted interRAI Assessment – University of Otago will enhance aged care assessments by integrating AI to improve efficiency and personalisation.
    • AI-Driven Risk Score for Dementia – University of Auckland will build an AI tool to help clinicians identify individuals at high risk of progressing to dementia.
    • AI-Augmented Cognitive Health Monitoring – Victoria University of Wellington will develop a remote monitoring platform using speech analysis, cognitive games, and caregiver input.

    The Biotech in Future Food Research Programme will partner with Singapore’s Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) and fund four groundbreaking projects:

    • Algae-Based Future Foods – Cawthron Institute will develop processing methods for two algae species suited to commercial development in both countries.
    • Hybrid Meat Production – University of Canterbury will design a novel, scalable approach to producing affordable hybrid meat.
    • Bio-Fermented Functional Foods – University of Auckland will create next-generation food ingredients from bacterial cellulose and mushroom mycelium.
    • Black Soldier Fly Bioproducts – Scion will explore the use of insect larvae to develop bioactive compounds and protein sources for human and animal nutrition.

    MIL OSI New Zealand News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI USA: WATCH: As a Survivor, Pressley Joins Successful Effort to Subpoena Epstein Files

    Source: United States House of Representatives – Congresswoman Ayanna Pressley (MA-07)

    Congresswoman Addressed the Subpoena Effort in a Media Availability Earlier Today

    Video (YouTube)

    WASHINGTON – Today, Congresswoman Ayanna Pressley (MA-07), a member of the House Oversight Committee, issued the following statement after she successfully helped pass a motion by Congresswoman Summer Lee and Ranking Member Robert Garcia to force the Committee to subpoena the Epstein files. Congresswoman Pressley is a survivor of sexual assault and has been an outspoken advocate for survivors’ justice and reproductive freedom.

    Rep. Pressley held a media availability prior to the vote to discuss their effort to subpoena the Epstein Files. Full video of that media availability is available here.

    “As a survivor of sexual assault and childhood sexual abuse, I know the pain and trauma that survivors carry. The public and those victimized by Epstein and his co-conspirators deserve transparency, accountability, and healing. That’s why today, I joined my colleagues in passing a motion to subpoena the Epstein files. 

    “For too long, powerful abusers and their enablers have operated in the shadows—shielded by institutions more interested in protecting predators than centering survivors. Today, we changed that. This subpoena is a win for every survivor who has been silenced, dismissed, or harmed. And it is a damning rebuke of those—especially House Republicans—who tried to obstruct our motion and instead do the bidding of Donald Trump. 

    “I do not arrive at this issue lightly. As a survivor, I think about my own experience every single day. It is a life sentence, and we cannot lose sight of the people harmed. The American people deserve to know why the Epstein files are still hidden and who is being protected, and the Trump Administration must release them immediately.  

    “I will never stop fighting for the truth, for justice, and for accountability. Survivors deserve nothing less.”

    Throughout her time in Congress, Rep. Pressley has been a champion for justice for survivors of sexual violence and reproductive freedom.

    In July 2024, Rep. Pressley reintroduced the Bringing an End to Harassment by Enhancing Accountability and Rejecting Discrimination (BE HEARD) in the Workplace Act of 2024. In June 2024, Rep. Pressley renewed her calls for accountability and survivor-focused solutions following the damning reports of a toxic work environment at the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC).  In June 2024, Rep. Pressley also sent a letter to the Bureau of Prisons (BOP) requesting information about the botched closure of FCI Dublin, abuse of women while they were being transferred to other facilities, and BOP’s management of investigations into the staff sexual misconduct and abuse at FCI Dublin and other federal BOP facilities.

    Rep. Pressley is also a lead co-sponsor of H.R. 5388, legislation that would prevent the Secretary of Education from rolling back Title IX protections for survivors, as well as H.Res. 560, a resolution calling for an impeachment inquiry into Supreme Court Justice Brett Kavanaugh, following reporting on new allegations of sexual misconduct committed by the Associate Justice.

    In April 2019, following the passage of the Violence Against Women Reauthorization Act of 2019, Rep. Pressley issued a statement honoring her mother, Sandra Pressley, a survivor of domestic violence. Rep. Pressley is also the lead co-sponsor of an amendment to the Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) that would establish the first-ever grant program dedicated to supporting LGBTQ+ survivors of domestic violence, dating violence, sexual assault, and stalking, which passed the House of Representatives in March 2021.

    ###

    MIL OSI USA News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: Swirling nebula of two dying stars revealed in spectacular detail in new Webb telescope image

    Source: The Conversation – Global Perspectives – By Benjamin Pope, Associate Professor, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Macquarie University

    The day before my thesis examination, my friend and radio astronomer Joe Callingham showed me an image we’d been awaiting for five long years – an infrared photo of two dying stars we’d requested from the Very Large Telescope in Chile.

    I gasped – the stars were wreathed in a huge spiral of dust, like a snake eating its own tail.

    The coils of Apep as captured by the European Space Observatory’s Very Large Telescope.
    ESO/Callingham et al., CC BY

    We named it Apep, for the Egyptian serpent god of destruction. Now, our team has finally been lucky to use NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to look at Apep.

    If anything could top the first shock of seeing its beautiful spiral nebula, it’s this breathtaking new image, with the JWST data now analysed in two papers on arXiv.

    Violent star deaths

    Right before they die as supernovae, the universe’s most massive stars violently shed their outer hydrogen layers, leaving their heavy cores exposed.

    These are called Wolf-Rayet stars after their discoverers, who noticed powerful streams of gas blasting out from these objects, much stronger than the stellar wind from our Sun. The Wolf-Rayet stage lasts only millennia – a blink of the eye in cosmic time scales – before they violently explode.

    Unlike our Sun, many stars in the universe exist in pairs known as binaries. This is especially true of the most massive stars, such as Wolf-Rayets.

    When the fierce gales from a Wolf-Rayet star clash with their weaker companion’s wind, they compress each other. In the eye of this storm forms a dense, cool environment in which the carbon-rich winds can condense into dust. The earliest carbon dust in the cosmos – the first of the material making up our own bodies – was made this way.

    The dust from the Wolf-Rayet is blown out in almost a straight line, and the orbital motion of the stars wraps it into a spiral-shaped nebula, appearing exactly like water from a sprinkler when viewed from above.

    We expected Apep to look like one of these elegant pinwheel nebulas, discovered by our colleague and co-author Peter Tuthill. To our surprise, it did not.

    The ‘pinwheel’ nebula of the triple Wolf-Rayet star system WR104.
    Peter Tuthill

    Equal rivals

    The new image was taken using JWST’s infrared camera, like the thermal cameras used by hunters or the military. It represents hot material as blue, and colder material in green through to red.

    It turns out Apep isn’t just one powerful star blasting a weaker companion, but two Wolf-Rayet stars. The rivals have near-equal strength winds, and the dust is spread out in a very wide cone and wrapped into a wind-sock shape.

    When we originally described Apep in 2018, we noted a third, more distant star, speculating whether it was also part of the system or a chance interloper along the line of sight.

    The dust appeared to be moving much slower than the winds, which was hard to explain. We suggested the dust might be carried on a slow, thick wind from the equator of a fast-spinning star, rare today but common in the early universe.

    The new, much more detailed data from JWST reveals three more dust shells zooming farther out, each cooler and fainter than the last and spaced perfectly evenly, against a background of swirling dust.

    The Apep nebula in false colour, displaying infrared data from JWST’s MIRI camera.
    Han et al./White et al./Dholakia; NASA/ESA

    New data, new knowledge

    The JWST data are now published and interpreted in a pair of papers, one led by Caltech astronomer Yinuo Han, and the other by Macquarie University Masters student Ryan White.

    Han’s paper reveals how the nebula’s dust cools, links the background dust to the foreground stars, and suggests the stars are farther away from Earth than we thought. This implies they are extraordinarily bright, but weakens our original claim about the slow winds and rapid rotation.

    In White’s paper, he develops a fast computer model for the shape of the nebula, and uses this to decode the orbit of the inner stars very precisely.

    He also noticed there’s a “bite” taken out out of the dust shells, exactly where the wind of the third star would be chewing into them. This proves the Apep family isn’t just a pair of twins – they have a third sibling.

    An illustration of the cavity carved by the third star companion in the Apep system.
    White et al. (2025)

    Understanding systems like Apep tells us more about star deaths and the origins of carbon dust, but these systems also have a fascinating beauty that emerges from their seemingly simple geometry.

    The violence of stellar death carves puzzles that would make sense to Newton and Archimedes, and it is a scientific joy to solve them and share them.

    Benjamin Pope receives funding from the Australian Research Council and the Big Questions Institute.

    – ref. Swirling nebula of two dying stars revealed in spectacular detail in new Webb telescope image – https://theconversation.com/swirling-nebula-of-two-dying-stars-revealed-in-spectacular-detail-in-new-webb-telescope-image-258314

    MIL OSI –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI China: Chinese team wins RoboCup Humanoid League in AdultSize category

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    China’s Tsinghua University has placed top of the AdultSize category in the RoboCup Humanoid League soccer world championship, in the first time a Chinese team has claimed the top honor.

    RoboCup was founded in 1997 and ranks among the world’s most prestigious robotics competitions. This year’s event was held in Brazil, attracting over 20 teams from 12 countries, including China, the United States, Germany, the Republic of Korea and France.

    Tsinghua dominated the competition using Chinese-developed Booster T1 robots, achieving decisive victories over multiple opponents, including a team from the University of Texas. In an all-Chinese final, Tsinghua defeated a team from China Agricultural University, marking the first time teams from Chinese institutions secured both gold and silver in the category.

    Competing robots require not only lightweight, agile, impact-resistant hardware, but also sophisticated capabilities like real-time perception, cognitive decision-making, advanced motion control and multi-agent coordination, meaning the league constitutes a comprehensive test of full-stack robotic capabilities, according to a senior manager at Booster Robotics, which developed the T1 robots.

    Industry analysts noted that the outstanding performance of Chinese robots at this international event has reaffirmed China’s growing expertise in robotics R&D and application.

    MIL OSI China News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: More classrooms for state-integrated schools

    Source: New Zealand Government

    The Government is ensuring more parents have choice with their child’s education, delivering a $30 million investment package to deliver roll growth classrooms across the state-integrated school network.

    “State-integrated schools are an important part of our education system. It’s clear they are experiencing similar growth pressures to the state network and need support to meet this demand. We are making sure they have the resources to support and grow alongside their communities,” Education Minister Erica Stanford says.

    The $30 million investment will be phased equally over the next four years and is expected to deliver up to 1,250 new student places for students whose families choose state-integrated schooling. It is more than five times the value of the previous government’s investment

    The classrooms will be delivered through a combination of cost-effective repeatable designs and offsite manufactured buildings, so funding can go further, and more students benefit. Schools will be able to apply in the coming weeks. 

    “This Government is committed to providing parents with choice and high-quality schooling options for their children’s education. With this funding, integrated schools will be able to expand, giving students and teachers the spaces they need to thrive,” Ms Stanford said.”

    MIL OSI New Zealand News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI USA: Cornyn, Cruz, Jackson Introduce Bill Honoring Mayor Jerry H. Hodge

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Texas John Cornyn

    WASHINGTON – U.S. Senators John Cornyn (R-TX) and Ted Cruz (R-TX) and Congressman Ronny Jackson (TX-13) today introduced a bill to rename the U.S. Post Office in Amarillo, Texas, as the Mayor Jerry H. Hodge Post Office Building to honor the life and legacy of Mayor Jerry Hodge: 

    “From helping to establish several institutions of higher education in Amarillo to leading the effort to bring a minor league baseball team to the city, Mayor Jerry Hodge was a cornerstone of the Amarillo community,” said Sen. Cornyn. “I am proud to join Senator Cruz and Congressman Jackson in introducing legislation to rename Amarillo’s downtown post office after Mayor Hodge, which will ensure that future generations of Texans in the Panhandle can learn about his contributions and help preserve his life and legacy.”

    “Mayor Hodge was a pillar of the Amarillo community and a true servant leader to the Panhandle,” said Sen. Cruz. “He transformed a local pharmacy into a national enterprise, served his community as the youngest mayor of Amarillo’s history, and was instrumental in establishing the Texas Tech University School of Veterinary Medicine. I am proud to introduce legislation to name the Amarillo post office in honor of his legacy.”

    “Jerry Hodge’s impact on Amarillo extended far beyond his titles. He was the youngest mayor in the city’s history, a successful businessman, and a proud rancher,” said Rep. Jackson. “Jerry’s personality was larger than life, and he worked tirelessly each day to make life better for the people of the Texas Panhandle. I’m proud to have called him a friend and am honored to introduce this piece of legislation to recognize his enduring legacy.”

    MIL OSI USA News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI USA: PHOTO: Cornyn Meets with UT Austin Interim President Jim Davis

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Texas John Cornyn

    July 23, 2025

    WASHINGTON – U.S. Senator John Cornyn (R-TX) met today with University of Texas at Austin Interim President Jim Davis to discuss furthering science and research opportunities for students on the Forty Acres, ending Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) initiatives, and efforts to recruit students for the university’s top-tier intelligence studies and national security programs. See photo attached and below.

    This image is in the public domain, but those wishing to do so may credit the Office of U.S. Senator John Cornyn.

    MIL OSI USA News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI USA: Tuberville Speaks to USDA Undersecretary of Agriculture Nominee

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Alabama Tommy Tuberville

    WASHINGTON – U.S. Senator Tommy Tuberville (R-AL) participated in a Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry hearing today to consider Mr. Richard Fordyce to be Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm Production and Conservation. During the hearing, Sen. Tuberville and Mr. Fordyce discussed the Farm Board Act and Mid-South Oilseed Double Cropping Study Act—two pieces of legislation Sen. Tuberville introduced today to help Alabama farmers and livestock producers. Sen. Tuberville and Mr. Fordyce also discussed the need to increase guaranteed loan limits to ease the burden on our poultry producers and problems Alabama continues to face with feral swine.

    Excerpts from the interview can be found below and the full interview can be viewed on YouTube or Rumble.

    ON ADDING A PRODUCER FOR LIVESTOCK AND CROPS TO FCIC:

    TUBERVILLE: “Thank you very much. Thank you, Mr. Fordyce for being here. I grew up close to a town called Fordyce in Arkansas, home of a famous football coach years ago, Mr. Bear Bryant. 

    Thanks for wanting to do this again in another fashion. Thanks for your service because it is awfully hard. […] First of all, I wanna know if you’ll help me support these bills. I just put two new bills, Ag bills, on the floor today. […] The first addresses the Federal Crop Insurance Board of Directors. There are four seats for producers, and we want one of those seats to be for a producer of both livestock and crops to provide a different perspective for various new livestock crops insurance products RMA (Risk Management Agency) is implementing. That’s my first one. Does that sound pretty good?”

    FORDYCE: “Yes, Senator. It actually does. It sounds like it makes some sense. […]”

    TUBERVILLE: “Now we’re from Alabama, and we can make some sense now. OK?”

    […]

    FORDYCE: “So, I’m not backpedaling, Senator, but I think what I would need to do is understand exactly what the makeup is of the Federal Crop Insurance Board, but it sounds like a good idea to me.”

    ON CONDUCTING AN RMA STUDY FOR OILSEED:

    TUBERVILLE: “Thank you. Thank you. The second bill would authorize a study for double and rotational cropping of winter canola in the Mid-South region. This would gather data as farmers in North Alabama and Tennessee are starting to grow winter canola for synthetic aviation fuel and diesel fuel. All these bills get complex. […]”

    FORDYCE: “I’m sure that is complex, but I am aware of the winter canola effort. And I would say that I would applaud the RMA for being responsive and having the ability to, you know, to evolve as things change. So, I would think that they would take a look at what kind of options might be available.”

    TUBERVILLE: “Thank you. And as we all know, our farmers are in bad trouble. I have a lot of friends that are huge farmers, and they don’t know whether they’re gonna make it through the year, much less through this crop. […]”

    ON RAISING GUARANTEED LOAN LIMITS:

    TUBERVILLE: “So, access to credit is becoming harder and harder. This year was really tough. We had to come up with some subsidies for some of the farmers to get them through this past winter to get another crop. Poultry producers are facing huge challenges, steep cost of poultry houses. $3.5 million for four houses. Can you discuss the importance of increasing our guaranteed loan limits to $3.5 million because of that?”

    FORDYCE: “Well, I was serving as the Administrator for the Farm Service Agency the last time the loan limits were raised. And I think it was welcomed certainly by the agency, and it was welcomed by the producers that the farm loan programs serve. And if that were the intent of Congress to raise those loan limits, I think that would be appropriate given the cost of things and the entry level costs of things.”

    ON FERAL SWINE ERADICATION PROGRAM:

    TUBERVILLE: “It’s going to sky high. It’s not getting any cheaper. One quick question: feral swine. We got huge problems in our state, and I know in other states. In the Big Beautiful Bill, we had $105 million for the feral swine eradication program. What’s your stance on the eradication program? You think we’re making progress?”

    FORDYCE: “That would be tough for me to say. We do have those in Missouri as well.”

    TUBERVILLE: “Y’all have hogs?!”

    FORDYCE: “We have, yeah. We have feral swine. We have wild hogs in Missouri. […] Well, in Missouri, they’ve stopped the ability for folks to hunt them because the idea was that if they’re hunting them, then there has to continue to be a supply of them, and somehow, they just keep showing up. So, I don’t know, I guess, it was, maybe, is one way of looking at it.”

    TUBERVILLE: “Well, just let them know that us and Alabama will send you some if you need them. Because we got a way over abundance. And we’re gonna send them to Senator Grassley in Iowa. He loves hogs. Thank you, Mr. Chairman.”

    Senator Tommy Tuberville represents Alabama in the United States Senate and is a member of the Senate Armed Services, Agriculture, Veterans’ Affairs, HELP and Aging Committees.

    MIL OSI USA News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Prescribed burning threatens survival of skinks and other wildlife

    Source:

    24 July 2025

    Prescribed burning is threatening the survival of skinks, ecologists say.

    As Australia and the world grapple with global warming and increased bushfire risks, University of South Australia ecologists are turning their attention to the impact of prescribed burning on native animals.

    In a new study published in The International Journal of Wildland Fire, researchers investigated the maximum temperatures that lizards could experience during prescribed (controlled) fires in the Mount Lofty Ranges and compared them to their maximum survivable temperatures.

    Widespread prescribed burning is undertaken in spring and autumn each year in the Mount Lofty Ranges, a biodiversity hotspot and fire-prone region. Researchers measured surface and shelter temperatures during four prescribed fires and analysed their results alongside the lab-collected ‘critical thermal limits’ of three different species of skinks.

    The findings demonstrated that the average temperatures under common shelters like logs and rocks during these fires were 108°C and 53°C respectively, which exceeded the survivable temperature range (37.5°C – 43.0°C) of each type of skink.

    While only reptiles were studied, lead researcher and UniSA PhD candidate Shawn Scott says that these temperatures would also threaten the survival of other native animals and that the results can therefore be applied more broadly.

    “These conditions dramatically exceed the 60°C threshold for most terrestrial vertebrates,” Scott says.

    “Logs and rocks were the most effective shelters for buffering extreme temperatures during prescribed fire in our study.

    “However, the maximum temperatures and duration of these conditions may still prove lethal for small vertebrates if prescribed burning is undertaken during conditions that exacerbate fire severity.”

    Researchers also discovered that when ambient temperatures on days of prescribed burnings were higher, maximum temperatures beneath the shelters – and the duration at which they stayed lethally hot – also increased.

    “Our analysis showed that the temperatures of the fires increased by up to 700°C as ambient temperatures increased from 17°C to 22°C,” Scott says.

    “The hotter the fire, the hotter it’s going to be inside or beneath the shelters sought out by small animals during prescribed burnings, making it more difficult for them to survive, especially over an extended period.”

    “In terms of shelter quality, rocks and logs maintained the coolest temperatures, showing that they are critical to small animals,” says co-researcher and UniSA wildlife ecologist Associate Professor Sophie (Topa) Petit.

    “However, many of those sites still reached temperatures far above what reptiles can withstand. Not all rocks and logs are good enough.”

    As climate change increases the risk of bushfires, prescribed burnings are also expected to increase, especially in fire-prone, Mediterranean climates like the Mount Lofty Ranges, other parts of Australia, and also Greece, Italy, Spain and California.

    Scott says that animal survival and biodiversity conservation should be prioritised in burning processes, and that his team’s research can help inform relevant strategies not only on the home front but also abroad.   

    ”If lower intensity fires are to be achieved during prescribed burns, they should be undertaken on mild days when ambient temperatures are below 17°C,” he says.

    “In Australia, burning does occur on days that are considered mild – between 17°C to 22°C – but our research demonstrates that even in these conditions the maximum temperatures and their duration are high enough to threaten small animals relying on shelters like rocks and logs for protection.

    “Second, pre-fire surveys should be conducted to establish the availability and density of shelter sites that may increase the likelihood of animal survival during fire.”

    The researchers suggest that larger shelters and below-surface shelters like soil, hollows, and burrows should be examined next, as well as animal movement and mortality during and after fires.

    The study, titled ‘Between a rock and a hot place: do surface shelters facilitate survivable conditions for small vertebrates during prescribed fire?’ is available online. DOI:10.1071/WF24184

     

    …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

    Contact for interview: Shawn Scott E: Shawn.Scott@unisa.edu.au
    Media contacts: Candy Gibson M: +61 434 605 142 E: Candy.Gibson@unisa.edu.au; Josh Owen-Thomas E: Josh.Owen-Thomas@unisa.edu.au

    MIL OSI News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: Sweet spot for daily steps is lower than often thought, new study finds

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Jack McNamara, Senior Lecturer in Clinical Exercise Physiology, University of East London

    Focus and blur.

    Your fitness tracker might be lying to you. That 10,000-step target flashing on your wrist? It didn’t come from decades of careful research. It came from a Japanese walking club and a marketing campaign in the 1960s.

    A major new study has found that 7,000 steps a day dramatically cuts your risk of death and disease. And more steps bring even greater benefits.

    People hitting 7,000 daily steps had a 47% lower risk of dying prematurely than those managing just 2,000 steps, plus extra protection against heart disease, cancer and dementia.

    The findings come from the biggest review of step counts and health ever done. Researchers gathered data from 57 separate studies tracking more than 160,000 people for up to two decades, then combined all the results to spot patterns that individual studies might miss. This approach, called a systematic review, gives scientists much more confidence in their conclusions than any single study could.

    So where did that magic 10,000 number come from? A pedometer company called Yamasa wanted to cash in on 1964 Tokyo Olympics fever. It launched a device called Manpo-kei – literally “10,000 steps meter”. The Japanese character for 10,000 resembles a walking person, while 10,000 itself is a memorable round number. It was a clever marketing choice that stuck.

    At that time, there was no robust evidence for whether a target of 10,000 steps made sense. Early research suggested that jumping from a typical 3,000 to 5,000 daily steps to 10,000 would burn roughly 300 to 400 extra calories a day. So the target wasn’t completely random – just accidentally reasonable.

    This latest research paper looked across a broad spectrum – not just whether people died, but heart disease, cancer, diabetes, dementia, depression and even falls. The results tell a fascinating story. Even tiny increases matter. Jump from 2,000 to 4,000 steps daily and your death risk drops by 36%. That’s a substantial improvement.

    But here’s where it gets interesting. The biggest health benefits happen between zero and 7,000 steps. Beyond that, benefits keep coming, but they level off considerably. Studies have found meaningful benefits starting at just 2,517 steps per day. For some people, that could be as little as a 20-minute stroll around the block.

    Age changes everything, too. If you’re over 60, you hit maximum benefits at 6,000 to 8,000 daily steps. Under 60? You need 8,000 to 10,000 steps for the same protection. Your 70-year-old neighbour gets 77% lower heart disease risk at just 4,500 steps daily.

    The real secret of why fitness targets often fail? People give up on them.

    Research comparing different step goals found a clear pattern. Eighty-five per cent of people stuck with 10,000 daily steps. Bump it to 12,500 steps and only 77% kept going. Push for 15,000 steps and you lose nearly a third of people.

    One major study followed middle-aged adults for 11 years. Those hitting 7,000 to 9,999 steps daily had 50-70% lower death risk. But getting beyond 10,000 steps? No extra benefit. All that extra effort for nothing. Other researchers watching people over a full year saw the same thing. Step programmes worked brilliantly at first, then people slowly drifted back to old habits as targets felt unrealistic.

    Steps easily accumulate from everyday activities.
    Marius Comanescu/Shutterstock.com

    Most steps happen without you realising it

    Here’s something that might surprise you. Most of your daily steps don’t come from structured walks or gym sessions. Eighty per cent happen during everyday activities – tidying up, walking to the car, general movement around the house.

    People naturally build steps through five main routes: work (walking between meetings), commuting (those train station treks), household chores, evening strolls and tiny incidental movements. People using public transport clock up 19 minutes of walking daily just getting around.

    Research has also found something else interesting. Frequent short bursts of activity work as well as longer walks. Your body doesn’t care if you get steps from one epic hike or dozens of trips up the stairs. This matters because it means you don’t need to become a completely different person. You just need to move a bit more within your existing routine.

    So, what does this mean for you? Even 2,500 daily steps brings real health benefits. Push up to 4,000 and you’re in serious protection territory. Hit 7,000 and you’ve captured most of the available benefits.

    For older people, those with health conditions, or anyone starting from a sedentary baseline, 7,000 steps is brilliant. It’s achievable and delivers massive health returns. But if you’re healthy and can manage more, keep going. The benefits climb all the way up to 12,000 steps daily, cutting death risk by up to 55%.

    The 10,000-step target isn’t wrong exactly. It’s just not the magic threshold everyone thinks it is.

    What started as a Japanese company’s clever marketing trick has accidentally become one of our most useful health tools. Decades of research have refined that original guess into something much more sophisticated: personalised targets based on your age, health and what you can actually stick to.

    The real revelation? You don’t need to hit some arbitrary target to transform your health. You just need to move more than you do now. Every single step counts.

    Jack McNamara does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Sweet spot for daily steps is lower than often thought, new study finds – https://theconversation.com/sweet-spot-for-daily-steps-is-lower-than-often-thought-new-study-finds-261605

    MIL OSI –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI USA: Kaine, Vindman & Colleagues Introduce Bill to Restore Illegally Withheld Support for Students with Disabilities in Spotsylvania County

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Virginia Tim Kaine

    WASHINGTON, D.C. — Today, U.S. Senator Tim Kaine, a member of the Senate Health, Education, Labor and Pensions Committee, (D-VA) and U.S. Representative Eugene Vindman (D-VA-07), alongside Senate and House colleagues, introduced the bicameral Charting My Path to Future Success Act, legislation to restore the abruptly discontinued federal program designed to help students with disabilities succeed in adulthood. The funding disruption has impacted 13 school districts across 11 states, including Spotsylvania County Public Schools.

    The legislation directs the U.S. Department of Education to reissue the solicitation and award the contract for the “Charting My Path for Future Success Program,” a $45 million, ten-year initiative originally launched in 2019 during President Donald Trump’s first term, which works to help students with disabilities transition from high school to adulthood. The program was abruptly canceled in February 2025 after more than $25 million had already been spent and just as participating students began receiving services.

    “Ripping away critical funding and resources for students with disabilities is cruel and hurts America’s future,” said Kaine. “The Charting My Path for Future Success Program was established during Trump’s first term, but now Trump and DOGE have cancelled funding with no warning. Not only does this harm students with disabilities who are depending on this support, it also hurts the teachers and Spotsylvania schools whose jobs and school budgets depend on this funding. I’m proud to introduce the Charting My Path for Future Success Act to immediately reissue this funding and ensure all students are set up for success.”

    “Students across Virginia’s Seventh District and our country deserve a real chance to thrive after high school. And yet, the Trump Administration just recklessly cut the ‘Charting My Path for Future Success’ program from Spotsylvania County Public Schools and I cannot let that stand,” said Vindman. “That’s why I am proud to introduce this bill – we owe it to students and families to re-start this program and prohibit the Administration from canceling it without Congressional approval.”

    Designed to support students with Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) across a wide range of disabilities, the “Charting My Path for Future Success Program” provided one-on-one and small group sessions, mentoring, and year-round tutoring. Over 1,600 high school juniors, seniors, and their families were affected across the 11 states. In addition to Virginia, impacted districts include school systems in Georgia, Utah, Massachusetts, California, Alaska, and New York.

    The bill is endorsed by a coalition of disability advocacy organizations, including the Consortium for Constituents with Disabilities Education Task Force, the National Center for Learning Disabilities, The Arc of the United States, the Autism Society of America, the National Disability Rights Network, and the Council of Administrators of Special Education.

    In addition to Kaine, U.S. Senators Edward Markey (D-MA) and Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY) introduced the legislation in the Senate. In addition to Vindman, U.S. Representatives Lucy McBath (D-GA-06), Juan Vargas (D-CA-52), Sara Jacobs (D-CA-53), and Mark DeSaulnier (D-CA-10) introduced the legislation in the House.

    The full text of the resolution is available here.

    MIL OSI USA News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI Security: Criminal Illegal Alien Accused of Murdering 15-Year-Old and Attempting to Rape Mother

    Source: US Department of Homeland Security

    This criminal illegally entered the country three times since 2021

    WASHINGTON – Today, the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) announced U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) lodged an arrest detainer against Gildardo Amandor-Martinez, a criminal illegal alien accused of murdering a 15-year-old boy and assaulting a minor female with a firearm after he attempted to rape their mother in Morehead, Kentucky. 

    ICE detainers are legal requests to state or local law enforcement to hold illegal aliens in custody until they can be turned over to immigration authorities. 

    According to local reports, on July 20, Amandor-Martinez arrived at an apartment shared with his girlfriend, Aleida Lopez, early in the morning and attempted to rape her. After she fended him off, Amandor-Martinez assaulted her by biting her left hand, right armpit, and injured her arm. Her 15-year-old-son, Luis Lopez, tried to intervene and was shot by Amandor-Martinez three times and murdered. The criminal illegal alien then assaulted Lopez’s daughter with a firearm. 

    15-year-old Luis Lopez who was tragically killed the criminal illegal alien was greatly admired and called a “sweet student” by Rowan County Senior High School. He would have been a sophomore this fall. 

    Amandor-Martinez a criminal illegal alien from Mexico, attempted to enter the country THREE times under the Biden administration in 2021, at the southern border. He successfully illegally entered the country on his third try at an unknown date and location and without inspection by an immigration officer.  

    “15-year-old Luis Lopez died trying to save his mother from this criminal illegal alien who was attempting to rape her. Gildardo Amandor-Martinez is a rapist and cold-blooded killer who should have never been in this country,” said Assistant Secretary Tricia McLaughlin. “The Biden administration’s open-border policies allowed this monster to walk American streets and commit these evil crimes, including murder, assault, and attempted rape, against a mother and her children. ICE has placed an arrest detainer to ensure Amandor-Martinez will not be released onto America’s streets and allowed to terrorize American families again.” 

    Secretary Noem relaunched the Victims of Immigration Crime Engagement (VOICE) office. The VOICE office was shuttered by the previous administration, which left victims of alien crime without access to many key support services and resources. The office was first launched in 2017 by the Trump administration as a dedicated resource for those who have been victimized by crime with a nexus to immigration. 

    MIL Security OSI –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: £30 million to decarbonise shipping, boost careers and deliver growth across the UK

    Source: United Kingdom – Government Statements

    Press release

    £30 million to decarbonise shipping, boost careers and deliver growth across the UK

    Funding will be crucial in supporting the green fuels and technologies of the future, so we can clean up sea travel and trade.

    • coastal communities across the UK will benefit from £30 million to make shipping and sea travel greener, boosting local economies, and supporting jobs and skills
    • decarb funding is helping to revitalise Glasgow’s strong shipbuilding heritage, as Maritime Minister heralds a new Scottish-built high-tech wing sail which can save ships up to 40% per annum in fuel and emissions
    • latest boost builds on over £136 million for already delivered to more than 142 organisations across every region in the UK, delivering on the government’s Plan for Change missions to kickstart economic growth and become a clean energy superpower.

    Coastal communities across the UK are to benefit from £30 million funding to decarbonise shipping and power up local economies the Maritime Minister will announce today (24 July 2025) during a visit to Clydeport in Glasgow.

    Awarded from the sixth round of the Clean Maritime Demonstration Competition (CMDC), successful companies will be given a share of funding to support the development of clean maritime fuels and technologies such as ammonia, hydrogen, methanol, solar and electric. 

    Investment in green fuels not only supports the decarbonisation of shipping, helping cement the UK as a clean energy superpower, it also revitalises coastal communities by growing local economies and boosting jobs and skills.   

    CMDC has provided over £136 million funding to date to 142 organisations, as part of the wider UK SHORE funding – the government’s flagship programme dedicated to decarbonising maritime – for over 300 organisations, including 250 SMEs. Successful projects include the installation of electric chargepoint networks across ports, including at Aberdeen, the demonstration of an electric crew transfer vessel at Aberdeen Offshore Wind Farm, and the demonstration of a green hydrogen shore power system at the port of Leith. 

    Maritime Minister Mike Kane said:  

    It’s so exciting to see investment in green fuels and technologies spurring on skills, innovation and manufacturing across the UK, delivering on our Plan for Change missions to kickstart economic growth and become a clean energy superpower.

    We’ve charted a course to net zero shipping by 2050 and this £30 million will be crucial in supporting the green fuels and technologies of the future, so we can clean up sea travel and trade.

    During his visit to Clydeport, the minister will meet with workers from the National Manufacturing Institute Scotland, which is looking to help Smart Green Shipping scale up the manufacturing of the FastRig windsail going forward. Built nearby in Glasgow, the FastRig is a high-tech wing sail which can be installed onto vessels, reducing fuel use and emissions by up to 40% per annum. The project received £3.3 million from the third round of the CMDC and has now been successfully deployed at sea. 

    Chris Courtney, CEO, National Manufacturing Institute Scotland said:

    Clean maritime is a vital part of a wider mission to decarbonise transport. Advanced manufacturing is critical to enable companies to scale up novel solutions that deliver emissions reductions and allow the creation of new jobs in these industries of the future.

    We’ve spent the past 2 years working on the CMDC-funded MariLight projects, led by Glasgow-based Malin Marine Consultants, part of the Malin Group, supported by industry partners, where we demonstrated how advanced manufacturing can cut lead times, lower carbon, and enable localised production in shipbuilding. It’s great to see continued momentum through the programme, and we look forward to supporting Smart Green Shipping’s journey as it scales.

    Diane Gilpin, Smart Green Shipping (SGS), CEO said:

    CMDC3 support enabled SGS, a Scottish based business, to demonstrate the safety and robustness of FastRig, our Cyldebuilt wingsails, and to build out our digital decision-making platform, FastReach, which underpins our unique wind-as-a-service proposition.

    Over the last 3 years SGS has invested £7.6 million in R&D, 60% of that in Scotland. We’ve drawn upon engineering design skills in adjacent sectors like renewables and oil and gas, and digital expertise created in Scotland’s vibrant tech community. We are also working alongside the National Manufacturing Institute of Scotland to design circular manufacturing solutions to reduce embedded emissions and minimise use of precious materials while creating good green jobs as part of a sustainable just transition.

    The minister will meet with Peel Ports and local workers at Clydeport’s King George V Docks. Delivering £3 million of investment to support the growing demand for handling huge wind turbine components for the renewable energy sector, Clydeport is keeping Glasgow’s shipbuilding heritage and manufacturing expertise alive, equipping it to meet the modern-day needs of the sector. 

    Jim McSporran, Port Director at Peel Ports Clydeport, said:

    We’re proud to welcome the Maritime Minister to Peel Ports Clydeport today and showcase how our facilities continue to create opportunities for investment, jobs and skills that will benefit the people and businesses of Scotland. 

    Our recent £3 million investment in road infrastructure at King George V Dock to accommodate growing demand for handling wind turbine components, and our ongoing transformative work at Hunterston PARC in Ayrshire to support the renewables sector, demonstrate our commitment to decarbonising supply chains and enabling the transition to a greener economy.  

    It’s fantastic to see government and industry working together to back innovation and today’s visit reinforces how Glasgow’s maritime legacy is helping to drive the UK’s clean energy future.

    Mike Biddle, Executive Director, Net Zero at Innovate UK, said:

    Congratulations to the awarded projects from Round 6 of the Clean Maritime Demonstrator Competition – a great opportunity for UK innovators to take part in a world-renowned maritime transport R&D grant funding programme. Innovate UK looks forward to working with partners to support these projects focused on the ever-more prevalent issue of decarbonisation with emphasis on a range of physical, digital, system and skills-based innovation.

    Building on its commitment to clean up shipping and deliver on the UK’s climate ambitions, UK SHORE is also delivering £3.85 million to the Clean Maritime Research Hub. Formed from a consortium of 13 universities across the UK, dedicated to conducting scientific research in clean maritime, the funding will enable the hub to continue its important research, and support the installation of a liquid hydrogen facility at Durham University. The centre will develop the maritime sector’s understanding of the potential impact of liquid hydrogen – which is emission free – in the clean maritime transition.

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    Published 24 July 2025

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI USA: Tuberville Reintroduces Legislation to Bolster Alabama’s Ag Community

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator Tommy Tuberville (Alabama)

    WASHINGTON – Today, U.S. Senator Tommy Tuberville (R-AL) reintroduced two pieces of legislation—the Farm Board Act and the Mid-South Oilseed Double Cropping Study Act—to improve opportunities and increase market access for Alabama’s agriculture community. More information about both bills can be found below.

    “Our farmers, foresters, and livestock producers shoulder an enormous burden of keeping America’s food secure,” said Senator Tuberville. “They need to be able to make a living off the land, and they need to have a FCIC Board of Directors that fully reflects their needs. I’m proud to reintroduce legislation that strengthens representation on the FCIC Board, and another piece of legislation that would help solidify a new revenue opportunity for our farmers while also addressing the growing need for renewable diesels and synthetic aviation fuels. As Alabama’s voice on the Senate Ag Committee, I’ll continue fighting to secure opportunities for our ag producers as they feed, fuel, and clothe our country.”

    “I commend Coach on each piece of legislation,” said Alabama Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries Rick Pate. “The Farm Board Act will ensure representation for production agriculture to the FCIC Board of Directors while the Mid-South Oil Seed Bill will help pave the way for another alternative crop for producers to consider growing based on the demand for renewable fuel. I look forward to Coach getting each bill to the finish line.”

    “We appreciate Coach’s continued support of Alabama farmers and his steadfast dedication to supporting innovation while managing risk by increasing availability and oversight of crop insurance programs,” said Alabama Farmers Federation President Jimmy Parnell. “With more offerings than ever for livestock producers, it is important these farmers have representation on the FCIC Board.  Additionally, as farmers are looking at alternative crops to supplement their income, the Mid-South Oilseed Double Cropping Study Act will help to make sure they have the appropriate risk management tools available.”

    ABOUT THE FARM BOARD ACT:

    The Farm Board Act would require the Federal Crop Insurance Corporation (FCIC) Board of Directors to designate one of the four producers on the ten-member board as an individual that produces both livestock and crops. The FCIC is a government owned corporation that finances the Federal Crop Insurance Program’s (FCIP) operations. Making this addition would improve perspective and decisions regarding the newer livestock related crop insurance products that benefit all areas of Alabama’s agriculture industry.  The designated producer seat would not start immediately, but when Board members begin to cycle off on May 1, 2027.

    American Farm Bureau Federation (AFBF), Alabama Farmers Federation (ALFA), Alabama Department of Ag & Industries, and the Alabama Cattlemen’s Association are all supportive of Senator Tuberville’s legislation. More information about the Farm Board Act can be found here.

    ABOUT THE MID-SOUTH OILSEED DOUBLE CROPPING STUDY ACT:

    This bill requests a study from the USDA Risk Management Agency (RMA) on winter oilseed crops, canola, and rapeseed (which is a type of canola) for the Mid-South region—Alabama, Tennessee, and Kentucky. Alabama producers are starting to grow canola as a second crop—following soybeans—and the crop can be used to produce Synthetic Aviation Fuel (SAF), which creates an additional market for our producers. This also enables Alabama farmers to expand revenue opportunities during the winter months and helps reduce nutrient losses in the soil. For farmers to take advantage of opportunities in renewable diesel and SAF, they need the assurance that crop insurance—such as Catastrophic Risk Protection, Yield Protection, Revenue Protection, or Revenue Protection with Harvest Price Exclusion—will be eligible in their counties for these crops and practices. To address crop insurance gaps that may exist, RMA and FCIC need to gather data on the feasibility of producing winter oilseed as a double and rotational crop in the Mid-South region. 

    The diversification of our energy markets by adding new, cost-effective, and sustainable options is necessary. Renewable domestic diesel capacity is slated for aggressive growth with the potential to double by 2030. Additionally, the 106-billion-gallon global commercial jet fuel market is projected to grow to over 230 billion gallons by 2050. The end goal is to get a study now, then down the road have double cropped canola and rapeseed be covered by crop insurance. 

    U.S. Canola Association, National Oilseed Processors Association (NOPA), Alabama Farmers Federation (ALFA), and the Alabama Department of Ag & Industries are all supportive of Senator Tuberville’s legislation. More information about the Mid-South Oilseed Double Cropping Study Act can be found here.

    Senator Tommy Tuberville represents Alabama in the United States Senate and is a member of the Senate Armed Services, Agriculture, Veterans’ Affairs, HELP and Aging Committees.

    MIL OSI USA News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: expert reaction to two papers assessing off-the-shelf health tests sold in UK shops

    Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments

    July 23, 2025

    A study published in The BMJ assesses direct-to-consumer self-tests sold in the UK.

    Prof Amitava Banerjee, Professor of Clinical Data Science and Honorary Consultant Cardiologist, Institute of Health Informatics, UCL, said:

    “Direct-to-consumer, self-tests are increasingly used by people with and without disease for screening and are widely available from high street vendors.  In these rigorous, real-world studies led by the University of Birmingham, we see two main findings.  First, across 30 self-tests in 19 conditions from infertility and menopause to raised cholesterol and anaemia, there is a not enough information for consumers to judge when and why to do the test, and how to interpret or how to act on the results.  Second, the evidence and the support from clinical guidelines to use these tests is often lacking, suggesting that regulatory oversight needs to be improved.

    “Sometimes people use self-tests because they “feel it is better to know” and they are trying to inform their health and healthcare decisions.  This research shows that these self-tests are often not providing relevant knowledge or information and they are not informing decisions in the right way.  Therefore, all stakeholders need to consider the quality of self-tests and information available to members of the public or health professionals before recommending their use, whether in the health and wellness space or in diagnosis, treatment and prevention of disease.”

    Rachel Richardson, Acting Head of Methods Support, Evidence Production and Methods Directorate, The Cochrane Collaboration, said:

    “This well-conducted research shines a welcome light on an area of healthcare which appears to be inadequately regulated.”

    Prof Kevin McConway, Emeritus Professor of Applied Statistics, The Open University, said:

    “I think the findings of these new studies on self-tests for health conditions, available (at a cost) in supermarkets, high street chemists and online, are scary and concerning.  I don’t doubt the findings of the researchers, that many of the available tests don’t make it clear who could make good use of them, how accurate the results might be, or what someone should do in the light of their results.

    “These are good studies in my view.  The researchers do list some limitations in the discussion sections of the papers, in particular that their samples of tests were obtained two years ago and were not specifically intended to be a sample of what was available across the country, but given what they do say about where they got the tests, I’d be surprised if they aren’t pretty much the same anywhere nowadays.  Also, the researchers didn’t check with representatives of the public whether the instructions were as unhelpful to understanding as they believe they were, but I don’t think this affects their conclusions.

    “I’m certainly not saying that tests like this should be banned, or even radically discouraged.  The authors of these research papers aren’t saying that either.  Experience during the heights of the Covid pandemic showed how useful home testing could be, particularly when access to other information about one’s health might not be easily available (as can still be the case at some GP practices, for instance).  And, generally as a default position, I don’t like telling people they can’t do something that they want to do – though only in the light of clear, transparent and easily available information on the pros and cons, and in the presence of adequate regulation.  These studies make it clear that users of many self-tests aren’t given easy access to relevant information, and that the regulation isn’t appropriate at present.

    “I’ll just mention one particular aspect, because it’s one that I have studied and written about myself.  This is about why the findings are important, not about the quality of the research.  No diagnostic or screening test for a health condition can be 100% accurate.  There will inevitably be false positives – people with a positive test result for the condition who actually don’t have the condition – and false negatives – people with a negative test result for a condition who actually do have the condition.  These are aspects of accuracy, though discussions of that word don’t always make it clear enough that there are two different ways in which a test result can be wrong.

    “You probably recall some of the interest and media discussion about these things in relation to Covid testing.  Not all of the discussion was logical or well argued, but it clearly and correctly drew attention to the fact that test results can be wrong sometimes.

    “Fewer than half of the self-tests examined by the researchers gave any information at all on the box about accuracy of the results.  Even when they did give information about accuracy on the box or in the instructions inside, the information was sometimes itself not accurate, or was based on the results of laboratory studies under careful conditions, not on findings on use of the tests by people who are not health professionals.

    “But even if all the tests had given information about accuracy, and all that information was reliable, there can still be problems. I’ll describe how.

    “Because there are two kinds of wrong results from tests – false positives and false negatives – we need to look at two aspects of the chance of making an error.  One common way of doing this, that was used in some of the self-test instructions, is as follows.  Findings from the development and use of the test can estimate the probability that someone, who is known to have the health condition in question, will have a true positive test result rather than a false negative result.  (In the jargon, that probability is called the test sensitivity – but trust me, knowing the jargon doesn’t help understanding.)  Another finding from test development and use is an estimate of the chance that a person, who is known not to have the condition on question, will have a true negative test result rather than a false positive result.  (That’s called the test specificity.)

    “The trouble is that these two probabilities are the probability of the person having a positive or a negative test result, in the position where we know whether they really have the health condition.  But you don’t do these tests if you know already whether you have the health condition.  So these probabilities are the wrong way round.  What people (and health professionals) want to know is, for example, if we know someone has a positive test result, what’s the chance that they really have the health condition that is being tested for.  Or, if we know someone has a negative test result, what’s the chance that they really don’t have the health condition?  (There are jargon names for those too – the positive predictive value and the negative predictive value, but again I don’t think those names help much, as there’s too much risk of confusion.)  And I’m sure that’s the kind of thing someone would want to know if they buy a self-test and see what result it gives for them.

    “However, the first lot of probabilities, the sensitivity and specificity, are different from the second lot, the predictive values.  If I tell you that the chance that a person, known already to have the health condition, will have positive test result is 98%, that doesn’t tell you what the chance is that a person, who has a positive test result, actually has the health condition.  That second probability is almost certainly not 98%, and in many circumstances it would be very much less than 98%.  To get from one set of probabilities to the other, you would need more information, such as how likely it is that the person has the condition if we don’t yet know the test result.

    “Just to rub in that these two probabilities aren’t the same, consider the following silly story.  You find a man in the street in London.  You happen to know he is the Pope.  What’s the chance that he is a Roman Catholic?  Obviously, 100%.  But now suppose the thing you know ,and the thing you want to know the chance of, are the other way round.  You know, somehow, that a different man in the London street is a Roman Catholic.  What’s the chance that he is the Pope?  Well, very much less than 100%.  It matters, a lot, which thing you already know and which thing you want the probability for.

    “So, in testing you get different probabilities if you know whether the person being tested has the health conditions, and want the probability that the test will be positive, from if you know what the person’s test result is, and want the probability that they have the health condition.  And only one of these probabilities – the second one – tells you what a test result is really saying about the chance of having the health condition.

    “There has been a lot of research in the past on how people, including health professionals and also non-professionals that might buy one of these self-tests, understand the findings, when they are given some information about the probabilities.  Several studies, for instance, found that many doctors and health professionals weren’t using the information on probabilities when the person’s health status is already known (the sensitivity and specificity) properly in trying to answer the question of how likely it is that someone, with a positive test result, actually has the health condition.  And if doctors might not be getting it right, how could a non-expert be expected to interpret their own test results properly?

    “The position on that maybe isn’t as grim as it sounds, though.  Other research has indicated that there are ways of getting the information across so that it’s useable by non-experts.  That has been done by several groups, including the Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication in Cambridge (which has now closed, though its findings are still available), groups led by the psychologist Gerd Gigerenzer in Berlin, and many others.  Somehow, those communication findings need to be incorporated, as well as they can be, in the instructions for these tests.  But that will require more and better regulation.

    “Also, some doctors in primary health, including Jessica Watson and Margaret McCartney, who wrote the editorial accompanying these two new research papers in the BMJ, have worked on ways of helping people to understand test results – though you’d need to ask them how much of their findings could transfer easily to something that could be written clearly in test instructions rather than used in direct communication between health professionals and patients.”

    Paper 1: ‘Direct-to-consumer self-tests sold in the UK in 2023: cross sectional review of information on intended use, instructions for use, and post-test decision making’ by Clare Davenport et al. was published in the BMJ at 23:30 UK time on Wednesday 23 July 2025. 

    DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2025-085546

    Paper 2: ‘Direct-to-consumer self-tests sold in the UK in 2023: cross sectional review of regulation and evidence of performance’ by Bethany Hillier et al. was published in the BMJ at 23:30 UK time on Wednesday 23 July 2025. 

    DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2025-085547

    Declared interests

    Prof Amitava Banerjee: “AB declares no relevant conflicts of interest.”

    Prof Kevin McConway: “I have no conflicts of interest to declare.”

    Rachel Richardson: “I have no interests to declare.”

    This Roundup was accompanied by an SMC Briefing. 

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Papers assessing off-the-shelf health tests sold in UK shops

    Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments

    July 23, 2025

    Scientists from the University of Birmingham have reviewed a number of direct-to-consumer health tests that are available for members of the public to buy from supermarkets, pharmacies and shops in the UK, such as tests for vitamin deficiency, blood cholesterol and the menopause.

    The scientists assessed the evidence available for the basis of levels of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity that the tests reported. They also looked at how useable the tests were in terms of equipment, instructions and interpretation of the results.

    They published their findings in two papers in the BMJ.

    Journalists came to this briefing to hear some of the authors of the papers discuss their findings, and to ask their questions.

    Speakers included:

    Prof Jon Deeks, Professor of Biostatistics and head of the Biostatistics, Evidence Synthesis and Test Evaluation Research Group, University of Birmingham

    Dr Clare Davenport, Clinical Associate Professor, University of Birmingham (joining online)

    Prof Alex Richter, Professor of Clinical Immunology and Director of the Clinical Immunology Services, University of Birmingham

    Bethany Hillier, Medical Statistician, University of Birmingham

    This Briefing was accompanied by an SMC Roundup of comments. 

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: expert reaction to systematic review and meta-analysis of daily step count and risk of chronic diseases, cognitive decline and death

    Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments

    July 23, 2025

    A systematic review and meta analysis published in The Lancet Public Health looks at daily steps and health outcomes in adults.

    Prof Steven Harridge, Professor of Human & Applied Physiology at the Centre for Ageing Resilience in a Changing Environment (CARICE) at King’s College London, said:

    “This is a systematic review of a large number of studies looking at the relationship between increasing step count and multiple health outcomes – as opposed to just all-cause mortality.

    “The paper shows clear effects of increasing physical activity (through increasing step count) on reducing disease risk.  There has been debate about the amount of activity an individual should be doing with 10,000 steps as a generalised target, not well evidenced. This paper shows that 7,000 steps is sufficient for reducing the risk for most diseases covered, and 10 000 steps does not confer much additional benefit.  But further risk reduction might be possible for some diseases.

    “Simply put, the paper supports bodies of evidence that increasing levels of physical activity are associated with positive health outcomes.  Importantly, increasing to 10,000 streps seems to confer no negative effects!

    “Studies of this kind are helpful in the large number of studies and participants combined into the analysis but it lacks mechanistic insight as to how these benefits arise.  The likelihood is that increasing step count increases cardiorespiratory fitness, well known to be positively associated with better health and all-cause mortality outcomes.

    “There is also another interpretation of these data. Humans are designed to be physically active (our evolutionary heritage as hunter gatherers), so the question could be posed the other way.  Let’s say the default is to walk 10,000 or 7,000 steps, what are the negative health outcomes that might be expected of going below this level?  Clearly, they are not good.  Thus is all depends on the perspective of what should be considered “normal”.  

    “Whilst step count is a very basic measure of activity (e.g.it does not capture intensity), this study adds to the body of knowledge that shows physical activity is vitally important for health and anything that encourages people to be more active is a good thing for both physical and mental health.  This is in the context of most people not adhering to the guidelines for physical activity as set out by the Chief Medical Officer.”

      

    Dr Andrew Scott, Senior Lecturer in Clinical Exercise Physiology, University of Portsmouth, University of Portsmouth, said:

    “The press release gives an accurate account of the study. The article is written by an excellent author team, leading to a coherent article summarising the evidence of daily step count and various health outcomes.

    “There’s been little research on steps per day, with most research focussing on characterising the exercise in frequency per week, time per day and intensity per minute of exercise. This research does fit the usual narrative of a logarithmic dose-response to exercise of a range of health conditions. This is not surprising; a dose-response is evident in many relationships between interventions/activities and health outcomes, including medications. This dose (amount of intervention) to outcome (health benefit) determines the dose required of particular medications to improve a particular health condition. In this case this information can be used to indicate the number of steps per day should be performed to reduce the risk of developing a health condition by a particular percentage. In most cases the 10,000 steps per day will still be better than 7,000 steps, just by decreasing margins of health benefit return.

    “More important than the exact number of steps, it demonstrates that overall more is always better and people should not focus too much on the numbers, particularly on days where activity is limited. The steps per day is useful when people’s exercise is weight-bearing, however cycling, swimming and rowing are not well-represented by the steps per day model.

    “This is a meta-analysis so it is representative of a range of studies, but there is a range of ways to be active for health benefit, beyond just steps per day. The team also analysed the rate or cadence of stepping, where faster rates of stepping per 30 minutes were further associated with health benefits, but not everybody can step at this rate to benefit with. There are other ways of exercise that are beneficial for older people, including balance exercise and higher intensity resistance training that can provide benefits beyond walking or jogging.

    “The compelling finding is that whilst such walking does not mitigate cancer incidence there is a decrease in cancer mortality, illustrating that enhanced physical activity levels leading to enhanced physical and psychological fitness enhances the resilience of people to deal with cancer and its associated treatments.

    “These findings are important for providing a public health message, where targeted exercise intervention, as opposed to discouraging inactivity is not as prevalent compared to medical intervention. So, while these findings have real world implications, the specific number should not receive too much reverence; it just means that 10,000 steps per day is not the only number to aim for, enhancing achievability.”

    Dr Daniel Bailey, Reader – Sedentary Behaviour and Health at Brunel University of London, said: 

    “The press release does accurately reflect the study, showing that walking 7000 steps per day is associated with significantly lower risk of a number of health outcomes like cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, dementia, depression and falls. 

     “The researchers assessed the strength of evidence in their review of studies. The strength of evidence was moderate for most of the health outcomes, meaning that we can be confident the findings in this paper are true, but there is a possibility they may not be completely accurate. 

    “This study adds to existing evidence by showing that the more steps people do, the less their risk of developing different health conditions. The finding that doing 5000-7000 steps per day is an important addition to the literature which helps to debunk the myth that 10,000 steps per day should be the target for optimal health.  

     “This study suggested that 5000-7000 steps per day can significantly reduce the risk of many health outcomes, but that does not mean you cannot get benefits if you don’t meet this target. The study also found that health risks were reduced with each 1000 extra steps per day, up to a maximum of 12,000 steps per day. So just adding more steps from your starting point can have important benefits for health. 

     “An important limitation is that many of the findings from this review were based on a small number of studies, meaning that the results may not be accurate for some of the health outcomes measured. Also, the findings cannot be easily applied to people living with a chronic condition as the studies in this reviewer were in generally healthy people. 

    “The real-world implications are that people can get health benefits just from small increases in physical activity, such as doing an extra 1000 steps per day. To achieve the best reductions in risk, aiming for 5000-7000 per day can be recommended, which will be more achievable for many people than the unofficial target of 10,000 steps that has been around for many years.”  

    ‘Daily steps and health outcomes in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis’ by Ding Ding et al. was published in The Lancet Public Health at 23:30 UK time on Wednesday 23rd July.

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(25)00164-1

    Declared interests

    Prof Steven Harridge: I am Professor of Human and Applied Physiology at King’s College London, with a research interest in healthy human ageing and have no funding from manufacturers of physical activity monitors.

    Dr Andrew Scott: I do not have any conflicts of interest.

    Dr Daniel Bailey: No interests

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI USA: West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission recognizes five leaders for improving educational outcomes for West Virginia students – West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission

    Source: US State of West Virginia

    Chancellor: Each of these awardees represents the very best of WV’s education system

    Charleston, W.Va. – The West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission proudly announces the recipients of the 2025 Higher Education Action and Impact Awards, honoring exceptional individuals, schools, and programs that have significantly advanced student success and postsecondary preparation throughout the state.

    “Each of these awardees represents the very best of West Virginia’s education system,” said Dr. Sarah Armstrong Tucker, West Virginia’s Chancellor of Higher Education. “Their innovation, compassion, and dedication are creating pathways for students to achieve their goals and strengthen our state’s future. We are thrilled to recognize their achievements at this year’s Student Success Summit.”

    This year’s honorees demonstrate leadership, innovation, and a deep commitment to improving educational outcomes for West Virginia students. Click here for more information about the West Virginia Higher Education Action and Impact Award.

    Dr. Corley Dennison – Dan Crockett Higher Education Action and Impact Award

    Dr. Dennison is recognized for his longstanding leadership in strengthening higher education in West Virginia. His efforts have included statewide reforms in developmental education, expansion of dual enrollment opportunities, and championing Open Educational Resources that have saved students millions of dollars in college text books and class materials. As Vice Chancellor of Academic Affairs at the West Virginia Higher Education Policy Commission, Interim President at Southern West Virginia Community and Technical College, and a faculty member at Marshall University, Dr. Dennison has consistently prioritized student achievement and academic excellence.

    Buffalo Middle School – Exemplary Middle School Award

    Buffalo Middle School, led by Principal Elizabeth Ryder, has been honored for its outstanding work in helping students envision their futures beyond high school. Through Career Exploration Day, financial literacy simulations, academic enrichment activities, and strong participation in the Heart of Appalachia Talent Search (HATS) Program, the school promotes a robust postsecondary culture that helps students build confidence and career readiness.

    Musselman High School – Exemplary High School Award

    Musselman High School’s strong academic performance and college-going culture earned it recognition as this year’s Exemplary High School. With a graduation rate exceeding 97%, the school combines rigorous coursework, AP and dual credit offerings, and thriving Career and Technical Education programs with personalized counseling and planning. Programs like College 101, SAT prep courses, and scholarship workshops are preparing students for successful transitions after graduation.

    Jamison Lewis – Student Action and Impact Award

    Student leader Jamison Lewis has made a lasting mark at Marshall University through his leadership and initiative. His work on projects such as the Shark Tank Innovation Challenge and TEDxMarshallU and his charitable work with the Marshall Thrift Store highlight his creative approach to improving student life and career readiness. His involvement in campus planning and events has positively shaped the student experience for his peers.

    WVU REACH Program – Institutional Action and Impact Award

    The REACH Program at West Virginia University is honored for its effective support of student success. By offering services such as success coaching, academic assistance, leadership training, and campus engagement opportunities, REACH has helped improve student retention and graduation rates. The program models how institutions can create supportive environments that help students stay on track and achieve their goals.

    This year, awardees were recognized at the 2025 West Virginia Student Success Summit in Charleston.

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    MIL OSI USA News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI USA: Sullivan Chairs CECC Hearing on Chinese Transnational Repression & Political Warfare

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Alaska Dan Sullivan

    07.23.25

    WASHINGTON—U.S. Senator Dan Sullivan (R-Alaska), the new chair of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China (CECC), today chaired a hearing on the People’s Republic of China’s (PRC) disturbing campaign of transnational political warfare and repression against the people and leaders of Taiwan, and partners of and advocates for Taiwan, including American citizens and others living lawfully in the United States.

    “This is transnational repression. It is a coordinated strategy to isolate Taiwan, dominate the global narrative through fear and coercion, and again, not only against Taiwanese citizens, but other citizens, including our own citizens,” said Sen Sullivan. “These threats are multifaceted—AI-generated disinformation; the extraterritorial application of PRC laws; of course, diplomatic pressure on Taiwan’s allies; the public intimidation of democratically elected leaders…Every day, the CCP grows bolder and more aggressive in its threats against Taiwan, the United States and our allies in the Indo-Pacific. We need to call that out, have open hearings like this, and push back against this transnational repression.”

    [embedded content]

    Click here to watch the full hearing.

    The commission heard testimony from Fan Yun, a member of the Legislative Yuan of Taiwan; Rear Admiral Mike Studeman, U.S. Navy (Ret.), former commander of the Office of Naval Intelligence; Peter Mattis, president of the Jamestown Foundation; and Audrye Wong, the Jeane Kirkpatrick Fellow at the American Enterprise Institute and assistant professor of political science and international relations at the University of Southern California.

    Sen. Sullivan has long been a leading advocate in the Senate for Taiwan, introducing his comprehensive Sanctions Targeting Aggressors of Neighboring Democracies (STAND) with Taiwan Act in the last two Congresses aimed at deterring a Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) military invasion of Taiwan that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) dictatorship has threatened for years. Sullivan is expected to reintroduce the legislation in the fall with a strong, bipartisan slate of cosponsors. Sen. Sullivan was announced as the chairman of the CECC for the 119th Congress on July 14, 2025, serving alongside Rep. Chris Smith (R-N.J.), the CECC co-chair.

    Below is a full transcript of Sen. Sullivan’s introductory remarks.

    Today’s hearing comes at a pivotal moment. For 75 years, the People’s Republic of China has vowed to bring Taiwan under its control. We have our own Taiwan Relations Act. We have our “One China” policy. However, in recent years, that pressure—not just, by the way, with regard to Taiwanese, but other people, including American citizens—has intensified and globalized with Beijing not only targeting Taiwan across the strait, it’s projecting intimidation across borders, institutions, using political transnational repression as tools of coercion among people across the globe.

    The title of this hearing rhymes with major legislation of mine, the STAND with Taiwan Act. That bill, which I’ve introduced in the last two Congresses and will soon be introducing again, has great bipartisan support. Senators Graham, Duckworth and Coons are the top co-sponsors. I would encourage strong bipartisan support with my colleagues here. What that would do is, if there is a military invasion of Taiwan by the Communist Party and the PLA of China, this would trigger punishing, comprehensive sanctions on the Chinese economy and particularly leaders of the Chinese Communist Party—punishing—economic, trade, financial, energy. We all want deterrence in the Taiwan Strait. I think the threat of these massive sanctions might be critical in terms of deterring a cross-Strait invasion of Taiwan by the PLA.

    We also need to deal with the here and now of Chinese coercion abroad. Again, this hearing is going to focus on the coercion of Taiwanese citizens. But I want to make sure, and I certainly will be asking questions in my Q-and-A with the witnesses of repression of others—people from Hong Kong, American citizens, which is really unacceptable when that happens by the Chinese Communist Party. They’re good at coercing their own citizens, but they’re not going to, with this Congress, be allowed to coerce Americans or those who are our allies.

    These threats are multifaceted—AI-generated disinformation; the extraterritorial application of PRC laws; of course, diplomatic pressure on Taiwan’s allies; the public intimidation of democratically elected leaders. By the way, that’s something the Chinese Communist Party would never do. They never stand for election themselves. They fear their own people because they know they probably wouldn’t get elected if they had to stand for elections. So that makes them nervous when there are people who actually stand for elections, like we do, and go before the people.

    The PRC is also attempting to rewrite international norms, distorting UN General Assembly Resolution 2758, and pressuring countries to embrace Beijing’s view that all necessary measures it might use to achieve unification with regard to Taiwan.

    Most disturbingly, the PRC has labeled Taiwan’s vice president, who I know well and is a good friend of mine, and other officials as “obstinate Taiwan independence diehards,” threatening them with life imprisonment or worse. It has declared any Taiwanese citizen, including those living abroad, can be punished under PRC law.

    In a closed-door meeting earlier this year, senior CCP official Wang Huning reportedly called for a global expansion of these intimidation tactics. According to credible reporting, Wang instructed embassies and security services—hopefully they’re not doing it here in America, but they probably are—to implement “proactive intimidation against so-called radical Taiwanese independence advocates worldwide, including in the United States of America.

    These are not abstract threats last year, Czech intelligence uncovered a planned “kinetic operation” by the PRC to intimidate then Vice President-elect Bi-khim on her visit there. Again, she’s a friend of mine—a great person. The PRC is also harassing international media outlets for interviewing Taiwanese leaders. Individuals around the world who criticize Beijing’s Taiwan policy have been doxed and placed under surveillance. This is transnational repression. It is a coordinated strategy to isolate Taiwan, dominate the global narrative through fear and coercion, and again, not only against Taiwanese citizens, but other citizens, including our own citizens.

    Every day, the CCP grows bolder and more aggressive in its threats against Taiwan, the United States and our allies in the Indo-Pacific. We need to call that out, have open hearings like this, and push back against this transnational repression.

    MIL OSI USA News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI USA: US Department of Labor applauds President Trump’s ‘AI Action Plan’ to achieve global dominance in artificial intelligence

    Source: US Department of Labor

    WASHINGTON – U.S. Secretary of Labor Lori Chavez-DeRemer and Deputy Secretary of Labor Keith Sonderling today praised the release of President Trump’s artificial intelligence policy strategy, “Winning the Race: America’s AI Action Plan.”Developed in response to the President’s January Executive Order “Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence,” the AI Action Plan sets a clear policy roadmap of the specific actions needed to help the U.S. achieve global AI dominance. The plan illustrates how American workers will be central to the Trump Administration’s AI policy and includes two areas outlining the Labor Department’s integral role in creating a future-ready workforce: “Empower American Workers in the Age of AI” and “Train a Skilled Workforce for AI Infrastructure.”“Since day one, President Trump has made it his top priority to put American Workers First by expanding opportunity and ensuring all are prepared for the challenges of the future,” said Secretary Chavez-DeRemer. “By boosting AI literacy and investing in skills training, we’re equipping hardworking Americans with the tools they need to lead and succeed in this new era. The Department of Labor is proud to help deliver on the President’s vision for global AI dominance by building a stronger, more resilient American workforce.”“The AI Action Plan demonstrates President Trump’s bold leadership in driving forward a worker-centric AI strategy that will create a new era of economic prosperity for American workers,” said Deputy Secretary Sonderling. “The Department of Labor looks forward to executing the critical AI Action Plan efforts that will support our workforce, including expanding AI literacy nationwide, creating a new hub to analyze AI’s impact on the labor market, and piloting innovative models to help workers succeed in an AI-driven economy.”The “Empower American Workers in the Age of AI” initiative includes proposed actions for the Department of Labor, in collaboration with other federal agencies, to:Prioritize AI skills development as a core objective of education and workforce funding streams, including career and technical education, apprenticeships, and other federally supported skills initiatives.Establish the AI Workforce Research Hub to lead a sustained federal effort to evaluate AI’s impact on the labor market and the American worker, including recurring analysis, scenario planning, and actionable insights for workforce and education policy.Study AI’s impact on the labor market by providing the AI Workforce Research Hub with analysis to support tracking of AI adoption, job creation, displacement, and wage effects.Fund rapid retraining for individuals impacted by AI-related job displacement, as well as issue guidance clarifying how funds can be used to proactively upskill workers at risk of future displacement.Pilot new approaches to meet workforce challenges created by AI, which may include areas such as rapid retraining models to respond to labor market shifts and new models to support pathways into entry-level roles.The “Train a Skilled Workforce for AI Infrastructure” initiative includes proposed actions for the Department of Labor, in collaboration with other federal agencies, to:Create a national initiative identifying high-priority occupations critical to AI infrastructure.Partner with state and local governments and workforce system stakeholders to support the creation of industry-driven training programs for priority AI infrastructure occupations.Partner with education and workforce system stakeholders to expand early career exposure programs and pre-apprenticeship opportunities for middle and high school students in AI infrastructure occupations.Expand Registered Apprenticeships for occupations critical to AI infrastructure.Learn more about President Trump’s AI Action Plan. 

    MIL OSI USA News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Open Days an exciting sneak preview into the new Adelaide University experience

    Source:

    24 July 2025

    The new Adelaide University is set to host its first ever Open Days, offering future students and their families a glimpse into the transformative new institution ahead of its official opening in 2026.

    About 17,000 attendees are expected to visit city, metropolitan and regional campuses across July and August to discover degrees, meet future lecturers, explore world-class teaching and research facilities, and get a taste of campus life.

    The new university – built on the collective expertise, strengths and achievements of the University of Adelaide and the University of South Australia – will commence its first year of operations as a world top 100 university and member of Australia’s prestigious and research-intensive Group of Eight (Go8).

    The city Open Day will take place on Sunday 27 July, with around 15,000 people expected to immerse themselves in activities and information as they explore the vibrant city campuses ahead of domestic student applications opening on 4 August.

    The heart of the action will be in the east, at what’s set to become the Adelaide City East Campus (the University of Adelaide and UniSA’s city east campuses with a temporary Adelaide University makeover) including focused study area hubs, live music, fun activities and competitions with prizes to be won, surrounded by an abundance of food options.

    Future students can join talks from and panel discussions with academics and hear from current students and industry leaders. Criminology crime walks, virtual reality demonstrations, and co-captaining a replica commercial aircraft are some of the activities expected to excite senses.

    A dedicated First Nations hub will showcase Adelaide University’s commitment to Aboriginal education as well as the Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Pathway, and a Welcome Lounge where visitors can meet with Elders.

    Adelaide City West Campus will be a place to discover more, including study hubs for fine art, design and architecture, and tours of world-class health facilities as well as our future focused on-campus museum, MOD. and the South Australian School of Art (SASA) Gallery.

    Visitors can plan ahead and create their own personalised digital itinerary.  A fleet of e-scooters will be available for use free of charge on the day, helping visitors travel between the East and West campuses.

    “This first Open Day is an opportunity for our future students to experience what makes the new Adelaide University so distinct and exciting and how it will deliver Australia’s most accessible, contemporary and future-focused learning,” say Professors Peter Høj AC and David Lloyd, co-Vice Chancellors, Adelaide University.

    “We want to give visitors a taste of the new Adelaide University culture and on-campus experience, and we’re delighted with how our staff and student volunteers have rallied together to set that scene and convey the energy of campus life.

    “Over the last two years the foundation institutions have co-designed Australia’s newest cutting-edge curriculum with a model that incorporates industry informed face-to-face learning, expanded work integrated and practical learning opportunities and a sector-leading digital learning platform.

    “Adelaide University will empower students with a world-class education and nurture local talent and so they can follow their dreams. We can’t wait to give future students an up close and personal insight into our new university.”

    The metropolitan and regional campus Open Days will take place in August, allowing future students to get all the information they need to start planning their future.

    Magill Open Day on 13 August will allow visitors to explore the lush parklands and industry standard facilities at Magill Campus, and discover where degrees in teaching and education, arts, humanities and social sciences, psychology and social work, and creative, media and communication can take them.

    Roseworthy Open Day on 17 August will showcase the animal-focused campus with tours of the vet teaching hospital, equine centre and working farm.

    Mawson Lakes Open Day on 17 August will be a hub for STEM and education degrees, with exceptional teaching and research facilities including virtual learning environments and robotics laboratories ready to experience.

    Mount Gambier Open Day will take place on 3 August and Whyalla on 31 August, showcasing local study options, modern facilities and expert educators.

    For more information on Adelaide University’s Open Days and to build your own itinerary visit the website: adelaideuni.edu.au/open-day

    Ends

    Further enquiries

    Adelaide University

    Melissa Keogh: Tel: +61 403 659 154 Email: melissa.keogh@unisa.edu.au

    adelaideuni.edu.au

    MIL OSI News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Transcript – ABC 7.30 with Sarah Ferguson

    Source: Murray Darling Basin Authority

    SARAH FERGUSON: I just want to change the tone very slightly here because we are used to politicians appearing to be thick-skinned. The execution of power demands it, and I should say this is not a reflection on Barnaby Joyce. I just wanted to change the tone. Because tonight we’ll see a slightly different side of Education Minister Jason Clare, who today introduced the Government’s childcare legislation and who is tasked with fixing the crisis in childcare that’s left some of our youngest children vulnerable. He joined me earlier. 

    Jason Clare, welcome.

    JASON CLARE: Thank you.

    FERGUSON: So, new legislation today, it gives you the power to cut off subsidies to childcare centres using the big stick. What is the threshold for taking that decision?

    CLARE: Well, it depends on the seriousness of what’s happening in a centre. If we’re concerned that there’s an imminent threat to the safety of children in a centre, that centre can be shut down today —

    FERGUSON. So, that already exists?

    CLARE: That already exists. And state regulators can and do, do that. But if we’ve got centres that are not meeting that standard, that quality and safety standard, there’ll be the capacity, because of this legislation, for the Secretary of my department to issue a show cause notice to a centre to explain why they are not meeting that standard, otherwise the funding will be cut off within 28 days. But there’s also the flexibility in the legislation to set conditions. So, the Secretary could also say, you must do a number of things in order to maintain your funding. That flexibility is important here to make sure that we target the right centres. And I’ve got to tell you, there’s a bit of work going on right now before the legislation’s passed between my department and state regulators to make sure that we’ve got a list of the centres that we can and will target with this legislation.

    FERGUSON. So, that’s the question. How do you know which of Australia’s 15,000 centres to target? So tell me about that work?

    CLARE: Well, they know. State regulators know this because they rate centres —

    FERGUSON: Yes, but do they? Because the numbers on the frequency of testing, some of them haven’t been. I think the average is every four years. Some centres haven’t been tested for 10 years. So, what information are they relying on?

    CLARE: Well, they know through the centres that they’ve rated that there’s about 4 per cent of centres that aren’t meeting that minimum safety standard and that can be everything from an exit sign through to lack of supervision. They also know the centres where they’ve set conditions for them themselves, and they’ve told them, you’ve got a couple of months to meet the grade, meet the standard and then they come back a couple of months later and they haven’t. They’re the sort of centres that the states are telling us they want to use this legislation to pull the funding from.

    FERGUSON: I suppose the question is, is this plan built on shaky foundations? Given that the way the system works, the way the accreditation is done, the way the testing is done, there are such huge gaps in it. Yes, there may be centres that have been identified by the states and territories. What about all those centres, some of them, that haven’t been visited for 10 years? What about those centres that have waivers? Where do they fit in?

    CLARE: Well, this is where states need to step up. You know, the Commonwealth needs to step up. All centres need to step up here if we’re going to make sure that this legislation does what we want it to do. But, you know, Sarah, I’m also not here to say that this is a silver bullet, that this is going to guarantee that every child’s safe just because of this legislation. I spent a good part of the day dealing with some mothers of children who were sexually assaulted and abused in centres that were already at that standard. That doesn’t mean that we shouldn’t be using the power that the Commonwealth has, with all the funding we provide to centres, to say to centres, if you’re not at that standard, we’re going to remove the funding. At its core, this is not about cutting off funding to centres and shutting centres down. If it works the way it should work, it’ll send a message to the people who run these centres that you’ve got to get to that standard or the money’s going to be turned off.

    FERGUSON. So, what do you do? You say you want the states to do more, but what do you do about the fact that there clearly aren’t enough regulators available in the states and territories to look at all of those 15,000 centres? There are too many with very long gaps, never, never tested, or the little gaps that I was talking about. So, you know, there aren’t enough regulators in the states to visit those centres. So, what do you do about that?

    CLARE: There’s two things. The regulators already tell us they know where to target this legislation at the centres that they repeatedly go to, and they’re not meeting standards. But there’s also more work that the states need to do to build that workforce. And we’ve seen Queensland, South Australia and Victoria announce an extra investment in their regulators. That’s a good thing. There’s work that’s got to be done right across the country. And it’s not just this legislation; it’s not just the work of regulators. It’s the things we talked about a couple of weeks ago. It’s about a register so that we know where workers are from centre to centre and from state to state. It’s about CCTV and how that works. If we’re going to roll that out, we’ve got to make sure we do it in the right way, so that the sort of predators we’re all worried about in our centres can’t use that sort of information for all the wrong reasons. And it’s about the sort of training that we provide to the most important people who work in those centres. One of the things I’m very conscious of in this job is that with everything that’s happened in the last couple of weeks, the people who work in our centres, the good, honest, hard-working people who love our kids, look after our kids, including mine in centres, feel tarnished, feel tarred by this. People have been spat on in the streets for wearing their uniform. They’re the best asset we’ve got here to keep our kids safe, 99.9 per cent of them are those people.

    FERGUSON: You’re clearly worried about those people, aren’t you?

    CLARE: I am, I am. They do some of the most important work in the world. When my wife fell pregnant for the second time, we showed an ultrasound to my little boy, Jack, and told him he was going to be a big brother. And we thought, you know, he’d be really excited. First thing he said was, I can’t wait to tell Kelly. Kelly is the woman that looked after him at childcare, and it told me that this is not an ordinary job. These are very special people, and they’re as hurt and as angry as everybody else out there. And I’ve got to use this role and this responsibility and this opportunity to tell Australia how important they are as well. But we’ve got to equip them with the skills that they need and to identify a predator lying in clear sight who might be grooming a child or grooming them. And that’s what mandatory child safety training is all about.

    FERGUSON: Just come back to the way the system works, because you’re bringing your personal experience to that. It’s important. It’s something that’s clearly moved you because you’ve been very lucky to have excellent childcare staff. But do you think that they are also being let down by the standard system? It’s been in place for a long time. Is it still adequate for what we need to address what is a crisis in the childcare system?

    CLARE: No. No.

    FERGUSON: So do you need to – Well, I’m asking about the system of standards itself. For example, as you know, the way things stand at the moment, a childcare centre cannot be failed for its performance. Do you need to have at least a standard of failure?

    CLARE: Well, it sort of is, but there’s euphemisms about how you describe it.

    FERGUSON: Isn’t it time we got rid of all of the euphemisms in this area?

    CLARE: The point is, and it’s- I think it’s pretty bloody obvious that the system has failed parents here and that we’ve all got a responsibility to step up. That’s the Commonwealth Government, that’s State Governments, that’s the people who run these centres as well. Part of this legislation is the power to cut off funding. Part of it is also the power to advise parents or to publish information to tell the mums and dads whose children are at these centres that unless the standards improve at that centre, we’re going to cut off their funding. Not just them, but also to pass that same information on to the board members who run these companies and the stock exchange. You know, the big-

    FERGUSON: Do you think those big companies, in particular the private equity involved in childcare and some of the big companies with multiple centres, do you think these people have been indifferent to the suffering of children in those centres?

    CLARE: Money talks, and unfortunately, some organisations have put profit ahead of the safety of our children. Now I’m happy for –

    FERGUSON: (Interjecting) Will any of those companies, those groups, still be operating in Australia?

    CLARE: If they don’t meet the standards that we set as a nation, that parents expect and that our kids deserve, no. If they meet those standards, then that’s good. What this legislation’s about is sending a very clear message. You know what the standards are. If you don’t meet them, then there’s no place for you in the childcare system in Australia —

    FERGUSON: (Interjecting) I want to be very clear about the standards because I’m raising questions about the nature of the standards themselves. This whole system that you are creating depends on the standards themselves being strong and effective. Do those standards themselves, the way we rate childcare centres, do they need to be overhauled?

    CLARE: I think the standards are sound. I think the rating system is sound. I think there’s more work that needs to be done by the states to make sure that we’re rating centres properly. Now that doesn’t mean –

    FERGUSON: (Interjecting) Frequently enough? 

    CLARE: — And more frequently, and it happens differently in different states. So, there’s- please don’t interpret this as me blaming the states. We’ve all got a responsibility here, whether it’s Labor Governments, Liberal Governments, State or Federal. Good work’s been done. But not enough, not fast enough. There’s more work that needs to be done if we’re serious about making sure that we keep the kids that are walking through and sometimes being carried through the doors of our childcare centres safe.

    FERGUSON: Jason Clare, thank you very much for answering the questions and also sharing that story about yourself. I appreciate it.

    CLARE: Thank you.

    FERGUSON: Thank you. 

    MIL OSI News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI Banking: ACP Statement on FERC Approval of MISO and SPP ERAS Proposals

    Source: American Clean Power Association (ACP)

    Headline: ACP Statement on FERC Approval of MISO and SPP ERAS Proposals

    WASHINGTON, D.C. July 23, 2025— The American Clean Power Association (ACP) released the following statement from ACP Vice President of Markets & Transmission Carrie Zalewski after the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission’s (FERC) approval of the Midcontinent Independent System Operator (MISO) and Southwest Power Pool’s proposed Expedited Resource Addition Study (ERAS) proposals:
    “FERC’s approval of MISO and SPP’s ERAS proposals is a dangerous misstep, ignoring widely acknowledged market realities while signing off on the potential for major disruption for projects that have gone through the proper processes to be connected to the grid. The fastest growing sources of energy—solar, wind, and energy storage technologies—are the ones ready to deploy to help keep costs lower and power reliable for the more than 60 million American consumers served across both territories.
    “Maintaining reliable and affordable power requires a diversified grid and predictable measures to bring new resources online. We are committed to advancing this shared goal and responsibility in a way that instills confidence and benefits consumers and will work with stakeholders in SPP and MISO to ensure these approved requests do not set a precedent that will cause lasting damage.”
    The Facts
    States with higher deployment of clean energy see increases in reliability, as well as lower electricity prices on average.   

    During the Polar Vortex of 2025, where temperatures plummeted across the country, Texas and California only experienced a 20% increase in prices while states in MISO experienced an eye-popping 135+% increase in prices (Jan. 19-23, 2025).
    In SPP, during an intense heatwave in Summer 2024, wind rose to 30% of total demand during the heatwave, helping reduce operating costs by at least $27M (July 13-17, 2024).

    ###

    MIL OSI Global Banks –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Climate change: ICJ ruling is a landmark win for children – Save the Children

    Source: Save the Children

    The historic climate change ruling at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) today is a landmark win for child campaigners, acknowledging the adverse impacts of climate change on child rights, and offering children renewed hope, Save the Children said. 
    The Advisory Opinion delivered by the world’s highest court finds that states’ legal obligations to address climate change extend beyond existing climate agreements. It also found that “states must take their obligations under international human rights law into account when implementing their obligations under the climate change treaties and other relevant environmental treaties.” 
    While not legally binding, leading environmental lawyers say the ruling “could become a guiding star for climate policies at all levels of governance”, including how States are held accountable under multiple areas of international law. 
    The Advisory Opinion originated from an extensive campaign led by a group of law students from the Pacific Islands, with strong support from the Republic of Vanuatu [1]. 
    In December last year, Vepaiamele, 16, a child campaigner with Save the Children Vanuatu, travelled to The Hague with the Government of Vanuatu – the only child to attend as part of a government delegation – to speak about the impacts of climate change on the Pacific island nation and call for action. 
    Vepaiamele said today: “This Advisory Opinion is everything I hoped for and I am so happy with this outcome as I know it will pave the way for a safer future for youth like myself and future generations, too.”
    Speaking from The Hague last year , Vepaiamele said: 
    “As a young Ni-Vanuatu girl, I feel the effects of climate change every day of every year. I’ve experienced many cyclones. It can be kind of terrifying sometimes, especially the really strong ones. Every cyclone, our classrooms are destroyed, our homes are flattened to the ground, and hospitals and communication towers are ripped apart. And then there’s also the mental health impacts, and we don’t really talk about it that much, but it can really cause anxiety in children and young people.”
    Human-induced climate change is driving up global temperatures, with the past 10 years the warmest on record, according to the World Meteorological Organization. Children, particularly those affected by inequality and discrimination, bear the brunt of climate change impacts that are already forcing them from their homes, putting food out of reach, damaging schools and increasing risks like child marriage as they are forced out of education and into poverty. 
    Limiting warming temperatures through the rapid phase-out of the use and subsidy of fossil fuels is critical for children’s rights and lives, Save the Children said. 
    Earlier this year, research released by the child rights organisation with the Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) found that the difference between global temperature rise of 1.5°C and 2.7°C could see 38 million more children from the 2020 birth cohort face unprecedented lifetime exposure to extreme heatwaves. [2] Save the Children also called for increased climate finance targeted at helping children and their families, child-centred and locally led adaptation and an increase in the participation of children in shaping climate action. 
    Save the Children New Zealand CEO Heather Campbell says, “The ICJ’s opinion strengthens the argument that climate inaction is a form of intergenerational injustice, disproportionately borne by those least responsible and least equipped to adapt.
    “At home in Aotearoa New Zealand, children and their families are experiencing the devastating impacts of extensive flooding and other climate-related emergencies, including Cyclone Gabrielle. Communities across the Nelson Tasman region are still reeling from floods that have destroyed homes and farmland, displaced families and closed schools. 
    “On a recent visit to Solomon Islands, children told us about the impact rising sea levels were having on their communities, including monthly flooding in homes and schools, saline infiltration into fresh water supplies, and crops being destroyed. In other parts of the Pacific, communities are having to constantly rebuild after multiple cyclones in the last few years alone. These are not future scenarios – they are current realities.
    “Save the Children welcomes the finding from the ICJ, and we also urge governments and development agencies to ensure that climate finance reaches those on the frontline of this crisis.
    “Currently, only 2.4% of climate finance from multilateral funding sources is child centred. Even without the Court’s opinion, we know that states must do far more to protect children from the worst impacts of this crisis, including by significantly increasing climate finance to uphold children’s rights and access to health, education and protection.”
    In light of the ICJ’s Advisory Opinion, Save the Children New Zealand is calling on the New Zealand Government to renew its commitment to provide climate finance to help communities recover from climate induced loss and damage as well as working to reduce the country’s carbon emissions.  
    As the world’s leading independent child rights organisation, Save the Children works in about 110 countries, tackling climate change across everything we do. Save the Children supports children and their communities across the Pacific and globally in preventing, preparing for, adapting to, and recovering from both sudden climate disasters and slow onset climate change. We have set up floating schools, rebuilt destroyed homes and provided cash grants to families hit by disasters. 
    We also work to influence governments and other key stakeholders in Aotearoa New Zealand and around the world on climate policies, including at the UNFCCC COP summits, giving children a platform for their voices to be heard. 
    Notes:
    • Multimedia can be found here including Vepaiamele with other young people on Tuesday 22 July, Vepaiamele at the Hague, and general vision of Vanuatu
    [1] The Advisory Opinion is in response to a Pacific-led resolution (A/RES/77/276) to the UN General Assembly adopted by consensus on 29 March 2023. This was the result of an extensive campaign by a group of law students from the University of the South Pacific ( Pacific Islands Students Fighting Climate Change ) with strong support from the Republic of Vanuatu. Save the Children has worked closely with the Pacific Islands Students Fighting Climate Change to ensure the voices of children and young people are incorporated into countries’ written and oral submissions to the Court. As part of her campaigning work, Vepaiamele and other activists met with embassies of high emitting countriesin Vanuatu ahead of the hearing to try and influence their submissions.
    [2] The report found that, for children born in 2020, if global temperature rise is limited to 1.5°C rather than reaching 2.7°C above pre-industrial levels:
    – About 38 million would be spared from facing unprecedented lifetime exposure to heatwaves; o About 8 million would avoid unprecedented lifetime exposure to crop failures; o About 5 million would be spared from unprecedented lifetime exposure to river floods; o About 5 million would avoid unprecedented lifetime exposure to tropical cyclones; o About 2 million would avoid unprecedented lifetime exposure to droughts; o About 1.5 million children would be spared unprecedented lifetime exposure to wildfires.  

    MIL OSI New Zealand News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: University Research – It’s time to rethink scare tactics in health ads – study

    Source: University of Auckland (UoA)

    Gruesome smoking warnings and frightening obesity statistics use fear to drive behaviour change. But a University of Auckland researcher says it might be time to try a different approach.

    Marketing lecturer Dr Saira Raza Khan, whose work focuses on consumer well-being and meaningful consumption, says gratitude can be more effective than fear when it comes to promoting healthier choices.

    “I don’t think fear in advertising is beneficial for people’s mental health and well-being,” says Khan. “We’re already going through negative emotions in relation to other elements of our lives – the news, work stress, etc. Why not use emotions in health advertising that promote well-being?”

    Her article, published in the Journal of Advertising Research, examines how different emotional appeals (fear and gratitude) influence people’s responses to diet-related messages.

    “Fear t

    MIL OSI New Zealand News –

    July 24, 2025

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Greenpeace – World court’s climate ruling a legal warning shot for Luxon

    Source: Greenpeace

    Greenpeace Aotearoa says the world’s highest court has just delivered a wake-up call for Prime Minister Christopher Luxon.
    In a historic climate ruling, the International Court of Justice (ICJ) has confirmed that governments have legal obligations to protect people – both now and in the future – from the worsening impacts of the climate crisis. That includes regulating big polluters like fossil fuel companies and intensive livestock operations.
    “This is a warning shot to Luxon that his Government’s war on nature and the climate comes with consequences,” says Greenpeace spokesperson Amanda Larsson.
    “The Court has made it clear: states must take action to prevent climate harm, no matter where it occurs. They must uphold people’s fundamental right to a clean, healthy and sustainable environment – for today’s communities and future generations.”
    The ICJ ruling goes beyond the Paris Agreement, reinforcing that governments have a duty to regulate climate pollution, cooperate internationally, and prevent environmental harm. It strengthens the legal grounds for climate-impacted communities to hold governments accountable.
    Since taking office, the Luxon Government has scrapped or weakened numerous key climate policies. It has:
    • Overturned the ban on offshore oil and gas exploration
    • Pledged to fast-track coal mining
    • Shelved agricultural emissions pricing
    • Exempted the country’s worst climate polluter – intensive dairying – from meaningful accountability
    “Luxon is elevating the profits of polluters above people’s fundamental human rights,” says Larsson. “This ruling puts him – and governments like his – on notice.”
    The dairy industry, led by Fonterra, is New Zealand’s largest climate polluter. Yet under pressure from lobby groups, the Government has rolled back environmental safeguards and is now considering weakening methane targets – despite clear advice from the Climate Change Commission that action on methane must be strengthened.
    Earlier this year, Luxon received a letter authored by dozens of international climate scientists accusing him of ignoring scientific evidence on methane and urging him to follow the Climate Commission’s advice to strengthen New Zealand’s methane target. The letter was featured on the front page of the Financial Times.
    “New Zealand is the world’s largest dairy exporter and a major player in the global livestock industry,” says Larsson.
    “How New Zealand addresses livestock emissions sets an important precedent for the rest of the world. If Luxon guts the methane target, New Zealand risks breaching the Paris Agreement and, by extension, its trade agreements with partners like the UK and EU.”
    The historic ICJ ruling is a result of action taken in 2019 by 27 law students from The University of the South Pacific. As the Pacific Islands Students Fighting Climate Change, they campaigned for the ICJ to issue an Advisory Opinion on the responsibilities of States in respect to climate change. The resolution, put forward by Vanuatu alongside a global alliance of States, passed the United Nations General Assembly unanimously in March 2023, co-sponsored by over 130 countries.
    “As this ruling shows, the courts are becoming an increasingly important venue for climate justice – because governments like ours are failing to protect people and the planet. And when that happens, people will step up to defend their future.”

    MIL OSI New Zealand News –

    July 24, 2025
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