Category: Renewable Hydrogen

  • India inaugurates 1 MW green hydrogen plant at Kandla, advancing 2030 clean energy goals

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Union Minister of Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Sarbananda Sonowal, on Thursday inaugurated a 1 megawatt (MW) Green Hydrogen Plant at Deendayal Port Authority (DPA), Kandla, Gujarat terming it a “major step” in realising Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s 2030 vision under the National Green Hydrogen Mission.

    Calling the development a significant milestone in India’s transition towards clean energy, Sonowal said, “This commissioning demonstrates our commitment to Net Zero and sets a new benchmark in India’s green hydrogen ecosystem.”

    The newly inaugurated unit is part of a 10 MW Green Hydrogen project, whose foundation was laid by the Prime Minister during his visit to Bhuj on May 26 this year. The completion of the 1 MW module within just four months has been lauded as a symbol of India’s enhanced capabilities in implementing complex green energy projects with speed and scale.

    “The DPA has turned that vision into reality — a shining example of speed, scale, and skill under the Maritime India Vision 2030,” the Union Minister said.

    The green hydrogen plant is expected to produce approximately 140 metric tonnes of green hydrogen annually and will support maritime decarbonisation and sustainable port operations.

    Sonowal also praised DPA’s broader green initiatives, including the earlier deployment of the country’s first Make-in-India all-electric Green Tug. He noted that the hydrogen facility was fully developed by Indian engineers, making it a symbol of Aatma-Nirbhar Bharat and a model for ports across India to emulate.

    “This green hydrogen plant is a testament to the bold and transformative leadership of Prime Minister Narendra Modi. It reflects his commitment to a cleaner, greener, and self-reliant India,” Sonowal added.

    Congratulating the DPA leadership and engineering partner L&T, the Minister said the project was executed with “remarkable speed and precision.”

    Union Minister of State for Ports, Shipping and Waterways, Shantanu Thakur, who also attended the inauguration, called the project a proud moment for Gujarat and the nation. “This initiative reaffirms India’s growing leadership in clean energy and innovation. It’s a bold step towards a sustainable maritime future,” he said.

  • MIL-OSI Russia: The SPbPU PISh team received a patent for an igniter for reactors of oil and gas processing plants

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University –

    An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

    The team of the Scientific and Educational Center “Digital Engineering of the Main Equipment of Chemical-Engineering Systems” of the Advanced Engineering School of Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University “Digital Engineering” successfully completed the development and received a patent for an ignition device for reactors of oil and gas processing plants.

    Patent for invention RU 2842893 C1 was registered by the Federal Service for Intellectual Property on July 3, 2025.

    Leading industry research centers and strategic industrial partners of SPbPU have shown significant interest in the development. The partners of the invention were JSC TsKBM (part of the State Corporation Rosatom), LLC NTC Gazconsulting, and the Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics named after N. N. Semenov of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

    Among the ultimate stakeholders in the innovative device is JSC Research Institute of Scientific Production Association LUCH (part of the State Corporation Rosatom).

    Developers of ignition devices for reactors of oil and gas processing plants:

    Borovkov Aleksey Ivanovich, chief designer in the key scientific and technological direction of development of St. Petersburg SPBPU “System Digital Engineering”, director of the advanced engineering school of SPBPU “Digital Engineering”;
    Rozhdestvensky Oleg Igorevich, head of the Office of Technological Leadership of St. Petersburg State University;
    Aristovich Yuri Valerievich, expert NOC “Digital Engineering of the Basic Equipment of Chemical and Technological Systems” Pish SPBPU;
    Oganesyan Grach Varuzhanovich, chief specialist and researcher of Nutz “Digital Engineering of Basic Equipment of Chemical and Technological Systems” Pisch SPBPU;
    Mikheeva Valeria Yuryevna, engineer NOC “Digital Engineering of Basic Equipment of Chemical and Technological Systems” Pisch SPBPU;
    Nikolaeva Valery Andreevna, engineer NOC “Digital Engineering of the Basic Equipment of Chemical and Technological Systems” Pisch SPBPU;
    Ivanov Vladislav Sergeevich, Deputy Director of the Federal Research Center of Chemical Physics named after N. N. Semenova RAS for scientific work;
    Frolov Sergey Mikhailovich, head of the combustion department and explosion and head of the laboratory of the detonation of the Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics named after N. N. Semenova RAS;
    Vasiliev Nikolay Dmitrievich, chief designer for remotely controlled and transport and technological equipment of JSC “Central Design Bureau”;
    Marinchenko Nikita Aleksandrovich, head of the project office in shipbuilding and hydrogen energy of JSC “Central Design Bureau”;
    Bondarchuk Dmitry Vitalyevich, commercial director of NTC Gazksonsalting LLC.

    A critical production problem is to ensure reliable ignition of burner devices of complex process equipment, for example, an autothermal reforming reactor, during its start-up. Unsuccessful ignition can lead to the formation of explosive concentrations of a flammable mixture in subsequent elements of the process chain. This, in turn, can provoke uncontrolled exothermic reactions and, as a consequence, emergency situations with potential damage to equipment and personnel. The developed product provides a radical solution to the problem, guaranteeing stable and reliable ignition, – said the responsible executor of the development, an expert of the Scientific and Educational Center “Digital Engineering of the Main Equipment of Chemical-Engineering Systems” of the St. Petersburg Polytechnical School Yuri Aristovich.

    The ignition device is a structurally and functionally unified device – a complex technical system in which all components are interconnected and jointly implement the function of igniting the combustible mixture. The device contains a housing, an oxidizer supply pipe and a combustible gas supply pipe, a spark plug, valves of the oxidizer supply pipe and the combustible gas supply pipe, an outlet pipe. The housing contains a cylindrical mixing chamber, the inputs of the oxidizer supply pipe and the combustible gas supply pipe are located in the part of the mixing chamber that is most distant from the outlet pipe.

    The oxidizer feed pipe is connected to the housing so as to feed the oxidizer in the tangential direction, and the combustible gas feed pipe is connected so as to feed the combustible gas in the radial direction. The inlet openings of the pipes in the housing are made so as to ensure critical gas outflow. The dimensions of the inlet openings are reasonably selected so that when the back pressure changes, the flow rates of the combustible gas and oxidizer change proportionally, the diameter of the outlet pipe is from 10 to 50% of the diameter of the mixing chamber. The technical result is an increase in the reliability of the device.

    The ignition device is designed to operate in a short-pulse mode. This ensures reliable ignition at low thermal loads in a wide range of pressures (from 1 to several tens of atmospheres). The device forms and directs small volumes of flame – fire ellipses of a certain size and at a given speed. Ignition charges ensure reliable ignition of the main burner, minimizing the thermal load on the outflow zone and the ignition device body, which significantly simplifies the reactor design and its startup procedure.

    The task of developing an igniter within the established deadlines seemed extremely difficult. Initially, it was assumed that the system would be implemented with a developed cooling infrastructure and multi-component thermal protection, which is due to the extremely high operating temperatures that significantly exceed the parameters of standard devices. The specifics of the reactor excluded the possibility of using serial solutions. Alternative options were considered, including the use of pyrotechnic cartridges, but this approach was recognized as suboptimal in terms of manufacturability and operational safety. As a result, an original, reliable and safe igniter was created that meets all the requirements. The developed device demonstrates high potential for use not only within the framework of this project, but also in other industries that require reliable systems for initiating processes in high temperatures and aggressive environments, added Nikolay Vasiliev, Chief Designer for Remotely Controlled and Transport and Technological Equipment at JSC TsKBM.

    Chief designer for the key scientific and technological development area of SPbPU “Systemic Digital Engineering”, director of the Advanced Engineering School of SPbPU “Digital Engineering” Alexey Borovkov spoke about the key success factor: “At the beginning of the work, none of the authors of the development could foresee the final result of creating a science-intensive and high-tech product. By combining the knowledge, experience and competencies of scientists, engineers and designers from various fields of knowledge and industries, we managed to form a unique multidisciplinary team and obtain impressive results. Of course, this is a logical result of the application of systemic digital engineering technologies, including the technology of developing digital twins, mathematical and computer modeling of non-stationary nonlinear physical-mechanical and physical-chemical processes of the behavior of a high-tech product.

    The development of a complex technical system is based on the effective application of the created multidisciplinary digital model [ 1, 2, 3 ], which is a system of interconnected mathematical and computer models describing combustion kinetics, chemical thermodynamics of free-radical reactions, dynamics of vortex flows at supercritical parameters of substances and non-stationary nonlinear thermomechanics. Numerous digital (virtual) tests and the necessary full-scale tests made it possible to carry out verification [ 1, 2 ] and validation [1, 2] developed models, to raise the level adequacy of models and descriptions of complex processes confirmed the efficiency and reliability of the developed high-tech product.

    With the help of approaches, technologies and methods of system digital engineering, the formed innovative scientific and technical groundwork and on the basis of the digital platform for the development and application of digital twins CML-Bench® [ 1, 2 ] our team implemented all stages of creating a finished industrial product in record time: development and design took only 2 months, manufacturing and testing – 3 months. It is fundamentally important to note that traditional approaches are not capable of ensuring such a high speed of implementation of science-intensive and high-tech projects for the development of complex technical systems.”

    In conclusion, we note that the results of the development of the ignition device have made a significant contribution to the formation of a scientific and technological reserve for the creation digital (virtual) testing ground for burner devices. The development of a digital test site is one of the most important final goals of a large-scale project to develop new generation burner devices for pyrolysis furnaces, implemented within the framework of the key scientific and technological direction (KNTD-1) of the development of SPbPU “Systemic Digital Engineering” within the framework of the “Priority-2030” program.

    The project within the framework of KNTN-1 provides for the definition of approaches to mathematical and computer modeling of new burner devices, development matrices requirements, target indicators and resource constraints, creation of a series of computer models of the prototype (primary, refined, detailed, optimized), conducting full-scale tests of a pilot industrial model of a burner device for validations computer model, development of design documentation and implementation into production.

    Let us recall that in June 2025, specialists from the Scientific and Educational Center “Digital Engineering of the Main Equipment of Chemical-Engineering Systems” of the SPbPU PISh presented This project and the Center’s expertise in developing burner devices at the Gazprom Neft site, one of the leaders in the oil and gas industry and petrochemical industry in Russia.

    Methodological support and the process of registering the right to the intellectual property object of the igniter were provided by Center for Transfer and Import Substitution of Advanced Digital and Manufacturing Technologies SPbPU.

    Please note: This information is raw content obtained directly from the source of the information. It is an accurate report of what the source claims and does not necessarily reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    .

    MIL OSI Russia News

  • MIL-OSI: Aemetis to Review Second Quarter 2025 Financial Results on August 7, 2025

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    CUPERTINO, Calif., Aug. 01, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Aemetis, Inc. (NASDAQ: AMTX) announced that the company will host a conference call to review the release of its second quarter 2025 earnings report:

    Date: Thursday, August 7, 2025

    Time: 11 am Pacific Time (PT)

    Live Participant Dial In (Toll Free): +1-888-506-0062 entry code 655740 

    Live Participant Dial In (International): +1-973-528-0011 entry code 655740

    Webcast URL: https://www.webcaster4.com/Webcast/Page/2211/52764

    Attendees may submit questions during the Q&A (Questions & Answers) portion of the conference call.

    The webcast will be available on the Company’s website (www.aemetis.com) under Investors/Conference Calls, along with the company presentation, recent announcements, and video recordings.

    The voice recording will be available through August 14, 2025, by dialing (Toll Free) 877-481-4010 or (International) 919-882-2331 and entering conference ID number 52764. After August 14th, the webcast will be available on the Company’s website (www.aemetis.com) under Investors/Conference Calls.

    About Aemetis

    Headquartered in Cupertino, California, Aemetis is a renewable natural gas and renewable fuel company focused on the operation, acquisition, development, and commercialization of innovative technologies that lower fuel costs and reduce emissions. Founded in 2006, Aemetis is operating and actively expanding a California biogas digester network and pipeline system to convert dairy waste gas into Renewable Natural Gas. Aemetis owns and operates a 65 million gallon per year ethanol production facility in California’s Central Valley near Modesto that supplies about 80 dairies with animal feed. Aemetis owns and operates an 80 million gallon per year production facility on the East Coast of India producing high quality distilled biodiesel and refined glycerin. Aemetis is developing a sustainable aviation fuel and renewable diesel fuel biorefinery in California, renewable hydrogen, and hydroelectric power to produce low carbon intensity renewable jet and diesel fuel. For additional information about Aemetis, please visit www.aemetis.com

    Company Investor Relations

    Media Contact:
    Todd Waltz
    (408) 213-0940
    investors@aemetis.com

    External Investor Relations

    Contact:
    Kirin Smith
    PCG Advisory Group
    (646) 863-6519
    ksmith@pcgadvisory.com

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Crown Minerals Amendment Bill a Step in the Right Direction

    Source: Energy Resources Aotearoa

    Energy Resources Aotearoa welcomes the passage of the Crown Minerals Amendment Bill into law, describing it as an important contribution to restoring investment confidence and strengthening New Zealand’s energy security.
    The Bill reverses the 2018 ban on new petroleum permits, restores the promotional purpose of the Act, provides greater flexibility in how petroleum permits are allocated, and recalibrates the decommissioning rules while retaining suitable safeguards.
    Energy Resources Aotearoa Chief Executive John Carnegie says the legislation goes some way towards rebuilding the confidence to invest in New Zealand’s petroleum sector, which is essential for backing up the country’s renewable electricity system, especially during periods of low hydro inflows and peak winter demand.
    “This Bill reverses policy that has done real damage to New Zealand’s long-term energy security, our economic resilience, and our reputation as a place to invest.
    Energy prices tell this story. Without a secure domestic gas supply, the alternative is greater reliance on emissions-intensive imports – most likely from coal.
    To meet our growing energy needs, we must make better use of the resources beneath our feet to enhance economic, social, and environmental resilience.”
    Carnegie acknowledged the Government’s willingness to engage with the sector throughout these changes.
    “We appreciate the time Minister Jones and officials have taken to listen to industry concerns and understand the on-the-ground realities. That engagement is reflected in final legislation, which is more workable for our sector.”
    Carnegie says the changes are a pragmatic step forward, but more will be needed to achieve the Government’s objectives of restoring investor confidence and revitalising the sector.
    “Securing New Zealand’s energy future will require a system firing on all cylinders – which means backing technologies like carbon capture and ensuring all energy options remain on the table, including hydrogen, green gas, biomass, and large-scale renewable generation.
    This new Act is an important part of the puzzle, but to attract the kind of long-term investment New Zealand needs, there must be durable, predictable policy settings that survive beyond election cycles.”
    Carnegie says energy policy shouldn’t be treated as a political football.
    “The stakes are too high, and it’s ordinary Kiwis who end up paying the price when supply is unnecessarily constrained or uncertain.
    Today’s reform is a big step in the right direction. Now we need to build on it with consistent policy and a clear long-term plan for how domestic natural gas will help deliver affordable, secure energy and economic growth.”

    MIL OSI New Zealand News

  • MIL-OSI: Shell Plc 2nd QUARTER 2025 HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

                                 
    SHELL PLC
     2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS
           
                                                         
     
    SUMMARY OF UNAUDITED RESULTS
    Quarters $ million   Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   Reference 2025 2024 %
    3,601    4,780    3,517    -25 Income/(loss) attributable to Shell plc shareholders   8,381    10,874    -23
    4,264    5,577    6,293    -24 Adjusted Earnings A 9,841    14,027    -30
    13,313    15,250    16,806    -13 Adjusted EBITDA A 28,563    35,517    -20
    11,937    9,281    13,508    +29 Cash flow from operating activities   21,218    26,838    -21
    (5,406)   (3,959)   (3,338)     Cash flow from investing activities   (9,365)   (6,866)    
    6,531    5,322    10,170      Free cash flow G 11,853    19,972     
    5,817    4,175    4,719      Cash capital expenditure C 9,993    9,211     
    8,265    8,575    8,950    -4 Operating expenses F 16,840    17,947    -6
    8,145    8,453    8,651    -4 Underlying operating expenses F 16,598    17,704    -6
    9.4% 10.4% 12.8%   ROACE D 9.4% 12.8%  
    75,675    76,511    75,468      Total debt E 75,675    75,468     
    43,216    41,521    38,314      Net debt E 43,216    38,314     
    19.1% 18.7% 17.0%   Gearing E 19.1% 17.0%  
    2,682    2,838    2,817    -5 Oil and gas production available for sale (thousand boe/d)   2,760    2,864    -4
    0.61    0.79    0.55 -23 Basic earnings per share ($)   1.40    1.70    -18
    0.72    0.92    0.99    -22 Adjusted Earnings per share ($) B 1.64    2.19    -25
    0.3580    0.3580    0.3440    Dividend per share ($)   0.7160    0.6880    +4

    1.Q2 on Q1 change

    Quarter Analysis1

    Income attributable to Shell plc shareholders, compared with the first quarter 2025, reflected lower trading and optimisation margins and lower realised liquids and gas prices, partly offset by higher Marketing margins and lower operating expenses.

    Second quarter 2025 income attributable to Shell plc shareholders also included impairment charges, gains on disposal of assets and favourable movements due to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives. These items are included in identified items amounting to a net loss of $0.3 billion in the quarter. This compares with identified items in the first quarter 2025 which amounted to a net loss of $0.8 billion.

    Adjusted Earnings and Adjusted EBITDA2 were driven by the same factors as income attributable to Shell plc shareholders and adjusted for the above identified items and the cost of supplies adjustment of $0.3 billion.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the second quarter 2025 was $11.9 billion and primarily driven by Adjusted EBITDA. This inflow was partly offset by tax payments of $3.4 billion.

    Cash flow from investing activities for the second quarter 2025 was an outflow of $5.4 billion, and included cash capital expenditure of $5.8 billion. This outflow was partly offset by interest received of $0.5 billion.

    Net debt and Gearing: At the end of the second quarter 2025, net debt was $43.2 billion, compared with $41.5 billion at the end of the first quarter 2025. This reflects free cash flow of $6.5 billion, more than offset by share buybacks of $3.5 billion, cash dividends paid to Shell plc shareholders of $2.1 billion, lease additions of $1.4 billion and interest payments of $1.2 billion. Gearing was 19.1% at the end of the second quarter 2025, compared with 18.7% at the end of the first quarter 2025, mainly driven by higher net debt.

    Shareholder distributions

    Total shareholder distributions in the quarter amounted to $5.7 billion comprising repurchases of shares of $3.5 billion and cash dividends paid to Shell plc shareholders of $2.1 billion. Dividends to be paid to Shell plc shareholders for the


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    second quarter 2025 amount to $0.3580 per share. Shell has now completed $3.5 billion of share buybacks announced in the first quarter 2025 results announcement. Today, Shell announces a share buyback programme of $3.5 billion which is expected to be completed by the third quarter 2025 results announcement.

    Half Year Analysis1

    Income attributable to Shell plc shareholders, compared with the first half 2024, reflected lower trading and optimisation margins, lower realised liquids and LNG prices, and lower refining and chemical margins, partly offset by lower operating expenses and favourable tax movements.

    Our continued focus on performance, discipline and simplification has helped deliver $3.9 billion of pre-tax structural cost reductions3 since 2022. Of these reductions, $0.8 billion was delivered in the first half 2025.

    First half 2025 income attributable to Shell plc shareholders also included impairment charges, a charge related to the UK Energy Profits Levy and favourable movements due to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives. These items are included in identified items amounting to a net loss of $1.2 billion. This compares with identified items in the first half 2024 which amounted to a net loss of $3.3 billion.

    Adjusted Earnings and Adjusted EBITDA2 for the first half 2025 were driven by the same factors as income attributable to Shell plc shareholders and adjusted for identified items and the cost of supplies adjustment of $0.3 billion.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the first half 2025 was $21.2 billion, and primarily driven by Adjusted EBITDA. This inflow was partly offset by tax payments of $6.3 billion and working capital outflows of $3.0 billion.

    Cash flow from investing activities for the first half 2025 was an outflow of $9.4 billion and included cash capital expenditure of $10.0 billion, and net other investing cash outflows of $0.9 billion, which included the drawdowns on loan facilities provided at completion of the sale of The Shell Petroleum Development Company of Nigeria Limited (SPDC) in Nigeria. These outflows were partly offset by interest received of $1.0 billion.

    This Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report, together with supplementary financial and operational disclosure for this quarter, is available at www.shell.com/investors 4.

    1.All earnings amounts are shown post-tax, unless stated otherwise.

    2.Adjusted EBITDA is without taxation, exploration well write-offs and depreciation, depletion and amortisation (DD&A) expenses.

    3.Structural cost reductions describe decreases in underlying operating expenses as a result of operational efficiencies, divestments, workforce reductions and other cost-saving measures that are expected to be sustainable compared with 2022 levels.

    4.Not incorporated by reference.

    PORTFOLIO DEVELOPMENTS

    Integrated Gas

    In June 2025, we announced that the first cargo of liquefied natural gas (LNG) had left the LNG Canada facility on the west coast of Canada. Shell has a 40% working interest in the LNG Canada joint venture. Located in Kitimat, British Columbia, the facility will export LNG from two processing units or “trains” with a total capacity of 14 million tonnes per annum (mtpa).

    Upstream

    In May 2025, we completed the previously announced agreement to increase our working interest in the Shell-operated Ursa platform in the Gulf of America from 45.39% to 61.35%.

    In May 2025, we announced the start of production at the floating production storage and offloading facility (FPSO) Alexandre de Gusmão in the Mero field in the Santos Basin offshore Brazil. The unitized Mero field is operated by Petrobras (38.6%), in partnership with Shell Brasil (19.3%), TotalEnergies (19.3%), CNPC (9.65%), CNOOC (9.65%) and Pré-Sal Petróleo S.A. (PPSA) (3.5%) representing the Government in the non-contracted area.

    In May 2025, we signed an agreement to acquire a 12.5% interest in the OML 118 Production Sharing Contract (OML 118 PSC) from TotalEnergies EP Nigeria Limited. Upon completion, Shell’s working interest in the OML 118 PSC is expected to increase from 55% to a maximum of 67.5%.

    Chemicals and Products

    In April 2025, we completed the previously announced sale of our Energy and Chemicals Park in Singapore to CAPGC Pte. Ltd. (CAPGC), a joint venture between Chandra Asri Capital Pte. Ltd. and Glencore Asian Holdings Pte. Ltd.

    In April 2025, we agreed to sell our 16.125% interest in Colonial Enterprises, Inc. (“Colonial”) to Colossus AcquireCo LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Brookfield Infrastructure Partners L.P. and its institutional partners (collectively, “Brookfield”), for $1.45 billion. The transaction is subject to regulatory approvals.

             Page 2


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    PERFORMANCE BY SEGMENT

                                                         
     
    INTEGRATED GAS        
    Quarters $ million   Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   Reference 2025 2024 %
                     
    1,838    2,789    2,454    -34 Income/(loss) for the period   4,627    5,215    -11
    101    306    (220)     Of which: Identified items A 407    (1,139)    
    1,737    2,483    2,675    -30 Adjusted Earnings A 4,220    6,354    -34
    3,875    4,735    5,039    -18 Adjusted EBITDA A 8,610    11,175    -23
    3,629    3,463    4,183    +5 Cash flow from operating activities A 7,092    8,895    -20
    1,196    1,116    1,151      Cash capital expenditure C 2,313    2,192     
    129    126    137    +2 Liquids production available for sale (thousand b/d)   128    137    -7
    4,545    4,644    4,885    -2 Natural gas production available for sale (million scf/d)   4,594    4,919 -7
    913    927    980    -2 Total production available for sale (thousand boe/d)   920    986    -7
    6.72    6.60    6.95    +2 LNG liquefaction volumes (million tonnes)   13.32    14.53    -8
    17.77    16.49    16.41    +8 LNG sales volumes (million tonnes)   34.26    33.28    +3

    1.Q2 on Q1 change

    Integrated Gas includes liquefied natural gas (LNG), conversion of natural gas into gas-to-liquids (GTL) fuels and other products. It includes natural gas and liquids exploration and extraction, and the operation of the upstream and midstream infrastructure necessary to deliver these to market. Integrated Gas also includes the marketing, trading and optimisation of LNG.

    Quarter Analysis1

    Income/(loss) for the period was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings and includes identified items.

    Adjusted Earnings, compared with the first quarter 2025, reflected the combined effect of lower contributions from trading and optimisation and lower realised prices (decrease of $589 million), and higher depreciation, depletion and amortisation expenses (increase of $162 million).

    Identified items in the second quarter 2025 included favourable movements of $454 million due to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives, partly offset by impairment charges of $423 million. These favourable movements and impairment charges compare with the first quarter 2025 which included favourable movements of $362 million due to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives. As part of Shell’s normal business, commodity derivative contracts are entered into as hedges for mitigation of economic exposures on future purchases, sales and inventory.

    Adjusted EBITDA2 was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the second quarter 2025 was primarily driven by Adjusted EBITDA, net cash inflows related to derivatives of $542 million and working capital inflows of $352 million. These inflows were partly offset by tax payments of $967 million.

    Total oil and gas production, compared with the first quarter 2025, decreased by 2% mainly due to higher planned maintenance across the portfolio. LNG liquefaction volumes increased by 2% mainly due to ramp-up in Australia, following unplanned maintenance and weather constraints in the first quarter, partly offset by higher planned maintenance across the portfolio.

    Half Year Analysis1

    Income/(loss) for the period was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings and includes identified items.

    Adjusted Earnings, compared with the first half 2024, reflected the combined effect of lower contributions from trading and optimisation and lower realised prices (decrease of $1,894 million), lower volumes (decrease of $373 million), and higher depreciation, depletion and amortisation expenses (increase of $120 million), partly offset by lower operating expenses (decrease of $107 million), and favourable deferred tax movements ($99 million).

    Identified items in the first half 2025 included favourable movements of $817 million due to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives, partly offset by impairment charges of $423 million. These favourable movements and charges are part of identified items and compare with the first half 2024 which included unfavourable movements of $985 million due

             Page 3


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives. As part of Shell’s normal business, commodity derivative contracts are entered into for mitigation of economic exposures on future purchases, sales and inventory.

    Adjusted EBITDA2 was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the first half 2025 was primarily driven by Adjusted EBITDA, and net cash inflows related to derivatives of $1,084 million. These inflows were partly offset by tax payments of $1,741 million and working capital outflows of $335 million.

    Total oil and gas production, compared with the first half 2024, decreased by 7% mainly due to higher maintenance across the portfolio and weather constraints in Australia. LNG liquefaction volumes decreased by 8% mainly due to higher maintenance across the portfolio.

    1.All earnings amounts are shown post-tax, unless stated otherwise.

    2.Adjusted EBITDA is without taxation, exploration well write-offs and DD&A expenses.

             Page 4


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                         
     
    UPSTREAM          
    Quarters $ million   Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   Reference 2025 2024 %
                     
    2,008    2,080    2,179    -3 Income/(loss) for the period   4,088    4,451    -8
    276    (257)   (157)     Of which: Identified items A 19    182     
    1,732    2,337    2,336    -26 Adjusted Earnings A 4,068    4,270    -5
    6,638    7,387    7,829    -10 Adjusted EBITDA A 14,024    15,717    -11
    6,500    3,945    5,739    +65 Cash flow from operating activities A 10,445    11,466    -9
    2,826    1,923    1,829      Cash capital expenditure C 4,749    3,839     
    1,334    1,335    1,297    Liquids production available for sale (thousand b/d)   1,334    1,314    +2
    2,310    3,020    2,818    -24 Natural gas production available for sale (million scf/d)   2,663    2,977    -11
    1,732    1,855    1,783    -7 Total production available for sale (thousand boe/d)   1,793    1,828    -2

    1.Q2 on Q1 change

    The Upstream segment includes exploration and extraction of crude oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids. It also markets and transports oil and gas, and operates the infrastructure necessary to deliver them to the market.

    Quarter Analysis1

    Income/(loss) for the period was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings and includes identified items.

    Adjusted Earnings, compared with the first quarter 2025, reflected lower realised liquids and gas prices (decrease of $594 million) and higher depreciation, depletion and amortisation expenses (increase of $154 million), partly offset by higher volumes (increase of $112 million).

    Identified items in the second quarter 2025 included gains of $350 million from disposal of assets. These favourable movements compare with the first quarter 2025 which included a charge of $509 million related to the UK Energy Profits Levy, partly offset by gains of $159 million from disposal of assets and gains of $95 million related to the impact of the strengthening Brazilian real on a deferred tax position.

    Adjusted EBITDA2 was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the second quarter 2025 was primarily driven by Adjusted EBITDA, dividends (net of profits) from joint ventures and associates of $1,542 million and working capital inflows of $655 million. These inflows were partly offset by tax payments of $1,948 million.

    Total production, compared with the first quarter 2025, decreased mainly due to the SPDC divestment and higher planned maintenance, partly offset by new oil production.

    Half Year Analysis1

    Income/(loss) for the period was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings and includes identified items.

    Adjusted Earnings, compared with the first half 2024, reflected lower realised prices (decrease of $1,262 million) and the comparative unfavourable impact of gas storage effects (decrease of $499 million), partly offset by lower exploration well write-offs (decrease of $574 million), lower depreciation, depletion and amortisation expenses (decrease of $375 million), lower operating expenses (decrease of $245 million) and favourable tax movements ($143 million).

    Identified items in the first half 2025 included gains of $509 million from disposal of assets and a gain of $168 million related to the impact of the strengthening Brazilian real on a deferred tax position, offset by a charge of $509 million related to the UK Energy Profits Levy. These favourable movements and charges compare with the first half 2024 which included gains of $599 million related to the impact of inflationary adjustments in Argentina on a deferred tax position, partly offset by a loss of $191 million related to the impact of the weakening Brazilian real on a deferred tax position and impairment charges of $169 million.

    Adjusted EBITDA2 was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the first half 2025 was primarily driven by Adjusted EBITDA and dividends (net of profits) from joint ventures and associates of $1,384 million. These inflows were partly offset by tax payments of $3,946 million.

    Total production, compared with the first half 2024, decreased mainly due to the SPDC divestment and field decline largely offset by new oil production.

    1.All earnings amounts are shown post-tax, unless stated otherwise.

    2.Adjusted EBITDA is without taxation, exploration well write-offs and DD&A expenses.

             Page 5


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                         
     
    MARKETING        
    Quarters $ million   Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   Reference 2025 2024 %
                     
    766    814    202    -6 Income/(loss) for the period   1,580    1,099    +44
    (354)   (49)   (825)     Of which: Identified items A (402)   (832)    
                     
    1,199    900    1,082    +33 Adjusted Earnings A 2,100    1,863    +13
    2,181    1,869    1,999    +17 Adjusted EBITDA A 4,049    3,686    +10
    2,718    1,907    1,958    +43 Cash flow from operating activities A 4,625    3,277    +41
    429    256    644      Cash capital expenditure C 684    1,109     
    2,813    2,674    2,868    +5 Marketing sales volumes (thousand b/d)   2,744    2,816    -3

    1.Q2 on Q1 change

    The Marketing segment comprises the Mobility, Lubricants, and Sectors and Decarbonisation businesses. The Mobility business operates Shell’s retail network including electric vehicle charging services and the Wholesale commercial fuels business which provides fuels for transport and industry. The Lubricants business produces, markets and sells lubricants for road transport, and machinery used in manufacturing, mining, power generation, agriculture and construction. The Sectors and Decarbonisation business sells fuels, speciality products and services including low-carbon energy solutions to a broad range of commercial customers including the aviation, marine, and agricultural sectors.

    Quarter Analysis1

    Income/(loss) for the period was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings and includes identified items.

    Adjusted Earnings, compared with the first quarter 2025, reflected higher Marketing margins (increase of $282 million) mainly due to higher Mobility unit margins and seasonal impact of higher volumes, stable Lubricants margins and Sectors and Decarbonisation margins, and favourable tax movements ($92 million). These net gains were partly offset by higher operating expenses (increase of $41 million).

    Identified items in the second quarter 2025 included net impairment charges and reversals of $285 million, net losses of $44 million related to the sale of assets, and charges of $44 million related to redundancy and restructuring. These charges and net losses compare with the first quarter 2025 which included net losses of $61 million related to the sale of assets.

    Adjusted EBITDA2 was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the second quarter 2025 was primarily driven by Adjusted EBITDA, inflows relating to the timing impact of payments related to emission certificates and biofuel programmes of $515 million, dividends (net of profits/losses) from joint ventures and associates of $161 million and working capital inflows of $67 million. These inflows were partly offset by tax payments of $132 million, and non-cash cost of supplies adjustment of $104 million.

    Marketing sales volumes (comprising hydrocarbon sales), compared with the first quarter 2025, increased mainly due to seasonality.

    Half Year Analysis1

    Income/(loss) for the period was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings and includes identified items.

    Adjusted Earnings, compared with the first half 2024, reflected lower operating expenses (decrease of $199 million) and higher Marketing margins (increase of $71 million) including higher Mobility and Lubricants margins due to improved unit margins, partly offset by lower Sectors and Decarbonisation margins.

    Identified items in the first half 2025 included net impairment charges and reversals of $278 million and net losses of $105 million related to sale of assets. These charges and net losses compare with the first half 2024 which included impairment charges of $786 million mainly relating to an asset in the Netherlands, charges of $65 million related to redundancy and restructuring, and net losses of $56 million related to the sale of assets, partly offset by favourable movements of $50 million relating to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives.

    Adjusted EBITDA2 was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the first half 2025 was primarily driven by Adjusted EBITDA, inflows relating to the timing impact of payments related to emission certificates and biofuel programmes of $1,055 million, dividends (net of

             Page 6


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    profits/losses) from joint ventures and associates of $365 million. These inflows were partly offset by tax payments of $306 million, working capital outflows of $277 million and non-cash cost of supplies adjustment of $156 million.

    Marketing sales volumes (comprising hydrocarbon sales), compared with the first half 2024, decreased mainly in Mobility due to portfolio changes and in Sectors and Decarbonisation.

    1.All earnings amounts are shown post-tax, unless stated otherwise.

    2.Adjusted EBITDA is without taxation and DD&A expenses.

             Page 7


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                         
     
    CHEMICALS AND PRODUCTS        
    Quarters $ million   Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   Reference 2025 2024 %
                     
    (174)   (77)   545    -125 Income/(loss) for the period   (252)   1,856    -114
    (51)   (581)   (499)     Of which: Identified items A (631)   (956)    
                     
    118    449    1,085    -74 Adjusted Earnings A 567    2,700    -79
    864    1,410    2,242    -39 Adjusted EBITDA A 2,274    5,068    -55
    1,372    130    2,249    +956 Cash flow from operating activities A 1,502    1,900    -21
    775    458    638      Cash capital expenditure C 1,233    1,138     
    1,156    1,362    1,429    -15 Refinery processing intake (thousand b/d)   1,258    1,429    -12
    2,164    2,813    3,052    -23 Chemicals sales volumes (thousand tonnes)   4,977    5,934    -16

    1.Q2 on Q1 change

    The Chemicals and Products segment includes chemicals manufacturing plants with their own marketing network, and refineries which turn crude oil and other feedstocks into a range of oil products which are moved and marketed around the world for domestic, industrial and transport use. The segment also includes the pipeline business, trading and optimisation of crude oil, oil products and petrochemicals, and Oil Sands activities (the extraction of bitumen from mined oil sands and its conversion into synthetic crude oil).

    Quarter Analysis1

    Income/(loss) for the period was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings and includes identified items.

    Adjusted Earnings, compared with the first quarter 2025, reflected lower Products margins (decrease of $450 million) mainly driven by lower margins from trading and optimisation, partly offset by higher refining margins. Adjusted Earnings also reflected lower Chemicals margins (decrease of $103 million). These net losses were partly offset by favourable tax movements ($96 million) and lower operating expenses (decrease of $58 million).

    In the second quarter 2025, Chemicals had negative Adjusted Earnings of $192 million and Products had positive Adjusted Earnings of $310 million.

    Identified items in the second quarter 2025 included impairment charges of $62 million. These charges compare with the first quarter 2025 which included impairment charges of $277 million and unfavourable movements of $202 million due to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives that, as part of Shell’s normal business, are entered into as hedges for mitigation of economic exposures on future purchases, sales and inventory.

    Adjusted EBITDA2 was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the second quarter 2025 was primarily driven by Adjusted EBITDA, inflows relating to the timing impact of payments relating to emission certificates and biofuel programmes of $367 million and working capital inflows of $383 million. These inflows were partly offset by non-cash cost of supplies adjustment of $333 million.

    Refinery utilisation was 94% compared with 85% in the first quarter 2025, mainly due to lower planned and unplanned maintenance.

    Chemicals manufacturing plant utilisation was 72% compared with 81% in the first quarter 2025, mainly due to higher planned maintenance, and unplanned maintenance mainly in Monaca.

    Half Year Analysis1

    Income/(loss) for the period was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings and includes identified items.

    Adjusted Earnings, compared with the first half 2024, reflected lower Products margins (decrease of $1,960 million), driven mainly by lower margins from trading and optimisation and lower refining margins. Adjusted Earnings also reflected lower Chemicals margins (decrease of $415 million). These net losses were partly offset by lower operating expenses (decrease of $180 million) and favourable tax movements ($70 million).

    Identified items in the first half 2025 included impairment charges of $339 million and unfavourable movements of $153 million due to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives. These charges and unfavourable movements compare with the first half 2024 which included net impairment charges and reversals of $860 million mainly relating to assets in Singapore, and unfavourable movements of $163 million relating to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives.

             Page 8


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    Adjusted EBITDA2 was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings.

    In the first half 2025, Chemicals had negative Adjusted Earnings of $329 million and Products had positive Adjusted Earnings of $896 million.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the first half 2025 was primarily driven by Adjusted EBITDA, inflows related to the timing impact of payments relating to emission certificates and biofuel programmes of $492 million, and dividends (net of profits) from joint ventures and associates of $124 million. These inflows were partly offset by working capital outflows of $698 million, net cash outflows relating to commodity derivatives of $504 million, and non-cash cost of supplies adjustment of $266 million.

    Refinery utilisation was 89% compared with 92% in the first half 2024, mainly due to higher planned and unplanned maintenance.

    Chemicals manufacturing plant utilisation was 77%, at the same level as in the first half 2024.

    1.All earnings amounts are shown post-tax, unless stated otherwise.

    2.Adjusted EBITDA is without taxation and DD&A expenses.

             Page 9


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                         
     
    RENEWABLES AND ENERGY SOLUTIONS        
    Quarters $ million   Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   Reference 2025 2024 %
                     
    (254)   (247)   (75)   -3 Income/(loss) for the period   (501)   478    -205
    (245)   (205)   112      Of which: Identified items A (450)   501     
    (9)   (42)   (187)   +78 Adjusted Earnings A (51)   (24)   -116
    102    111    (91)   -8 Adjusted EBITDA A 213    175    +21
      367    847    -100 Cash flow from operating activities A 368    3,313    -89
    555    403    425      Cash capital expenditure C 958    863     
    70    76    74    -9 External power sales (terawatt hours)2   146    151    -3
    132    184    148    -28 Sales of pipeline gas to end-use customers (terawatt hours)3   315    338    -7

    1.Q2 on Q1 change

    2.Physical power sales to third parties; excluding financial trades and physical trade with brokers, investors, financial institutions, trading platforms, and wholesale traders.

    3.Physical natural gas sales to third parties; excluding financial trades and physical trade with brokers, investors, financial institutions, trading platforms, and wholesale traders. Excluding sales of natural gas by other segments and LNG sales.

    Renewables and Energy Solutions includes activities such as renewable power generation, the marketing and trading and optimisation of power and pipeline gas, as well as carbon credits, and digitally enabled customer solutions. It also includes the production and marketing of hydrogen, development of commercial carbon capture and storage hubs, investment in nature-based projects that avoid or reduce carbon emissions, and Shell Ventures, which invests in companies that work to accelerate the energy and mobility transformation.

    Quarter Analysis1

    Income/(loss) for the period was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings and includes identified items.

    Adjusted Earnings, compared with the first quarter 2025, reflected lower operating expenses (decrease of $54 million) and favourable tax movements ($33 million), partly offset by lower margins (decrease of $56 million).

    Most Renewables and Energy Solutions activities were loss-making in the second quarter 2025, which was partly offset by positive Adjusted Earnings from trading and optimisation.

    Identified items in the second quarter 2025 included unfavourable movements of $217 million due to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and impairment charges of $136 million, partly offset by gains of $108 million on sales of assets. These charges and favourable movements compare with the first quarter 2025 which included a loss of $143 million related to the disposal of assets. As part of Shell’s normal business, commodity derivative contracts are entered into as hedges for mitigation of economic exposures on future purchases, sales and inventory.

    Adjusted EBITDA2 was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the second quarter 2025 was primarily driven by Adjusted EBITDA. This inflow was offset by working capital outflows of $128 million.

    Half Year Analysis1

    Income/(loss) for the period was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings and includes identified items.

    Adjusted Earnings, compared with the first half 2024, reflected lower margins (decrease of $140 million), mainly from trading and optimisation, partly offset by lower operating expenses (decrease of $115 million).

    Most Renewables and Energy Solutions activities were loss-making for the first half 2025, which was partly offset by positive Adjusted Earnings from trading and optimisation.

    Identified items in the first half 2025 included unfavourable movements of $196 million relating to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and impairment losses of $167 million. These net charges compare with the first half 2024 which included favourable movements of $529 million relating to the fair value accounting of commodity derivatives, partly offset by net impairment charges and reversals of $78 million. As part of Shell’s normal business, commodity derivative contracts are entered into for mitigation of economic exposures on future purchases, sales and inventory.

    Adjusted EBITDA2 was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings.

             Page 10


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    Cash flow from operating activities for the first half 2025 was primarily driven by working capital inflows of $252 million and Adjusted EBITDA. These inflows were partly offset by net cash outflows related to derivatives of $235 million.

    1.All earnings amounts are shown post-tax, unless stated otherwise.

    2.Adjusted EBITDA is without taxation and DD&A expenses.

    Additional Growth Measures

                                                         
    Quarters     Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024     2025 2024 %
            Renewable power generation capacity (gigawatt):        
    3.9    3.5    3.3    +10 – In operation2   3.9    3.3    +16
    3.8    4.0    3.8    -5 – Under construction and/or committed for sale3   3.8    3.8    -1

    1.Q2 on Q1 change

    2.Shell’s equity share of renewable generation capacity post commercial operation date. It excludes Shell’s equity share of associates where information cannot be obtained.

    3.Shell’s equity share of renewable generation capacity under construction and/or committed for sale under long-term offtake agreements (PPA). It excludes Shell’s equity share of associates where information cannot be obtained.

                                             
     
    CORPORATE      
    Quarters $ million   Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   Reference 2025 2024
                 
    (539)   (483)   (1,656)   Income/(loss) for the period   (1,022)   (2,010)  
    (77)   (26)   (1,080)   Of which: Identified items A (102)   (1,066)  
    (463)   (457)   (576)   Adjusted Earnings A (920)   (944)  
    (346)   (261)   (213)   Adjusted EBITDA A (607)   (304)  
    (2,283)   (531)   (1,468)   Cash flow from operating activities A (2,814)   (2,013)  

    The Corporate segment covers the non-operating activities supporting Shell. It comprises Shell’s holdings and treasury organisation, headquarters and central functions, self-insurance activities and centrally managed longer-term innovation portfolio. All finance expense, income and related taxes are included in Corporate Adjusted Earnings rather than in the earnings of business segments.

    Quarter Analysis1

    Income/(loss) for the period was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings and includes identified items.

    Adjusted Earnings, compared with the first quarter 2025, reflected unfavourable tax movements and unfavourable currency exchange rate effects, partly offset by favourable net interest movements.

    Adjusted EBITDA2 was mainly driven by unfavourable currency exchange rate effects.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the second quarter 2025 was primarily driven by working capital outflows of $1,715 million, which included a reduction in joint venture deposits, and Adjusted EBITDA.

    Half Year Analysis1

    Income/(loss) for the period was driven by the same factors as Adjusted Earnings and includes identified items.

    Adjusted Earnings, compared with the first half 2024, were primarily driven by favourable tax movements, partly offset by unfavourable currency exchange rate effects and unfavourable net interest movements.

    Identified items in the first half 2024 included reclassifications from equity to profit and loss of cumulative currency translation differences related to funding structures resulting in unfavourable movements of $1,122 million. These currency

    translation differences were previously recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity as part of

    accumulated other comprehensive income.

    Adjusted EBITDA2 was mainly driven by unfavourable currency exchange rate effects.

    Cash flow from operating activities for the first half 2025 was primarily driven by working capital outflows of $1,734 million, which included a reduction in joint venture deposits, and Adjusted EBITDA.

    1.All earnings amounts are shown post-tax, unless stated otherwise.

    2.Adjusted EBITDA is without taxation and DD&A expenses.

             Page 11


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    OUTLOOK FOR THE THIRD QUARTER 2025

    Full year 2024 cash capital expenditure was $21 billion. Our cash capital expenditure range for the full year 2025 is expected to be within $20 – $22 billion.

    Integrated Gas production is expected to be approximately 910 – 970 thousand boe/d. LNG liquefaction volumes are expected to be approximately 6.7 – 7.3 million tonnes.

    Upstream production is expected to be approximately 1,700 – 1,900 thousand boe/d.

    Marketing sales volumes are expected to be approximately 2,600 – 3,100 thousand b/d.

    Refinery utilisation is expected to be approximately 88% – 96%. Chemicals manufacturing plant utilisation is expected to be approximately 78% – 86%.

    Corporate Adjusted Earnings1 were a net expense of $463 million for the second quarter 2025. Corporate Adjusted Earnings are expected to be a net expense of approximately $500 – $700 million in the third quarter 2025.

    1.For the definition of Adjusted Earnings and the most comparable GAAP measure see Reference A.

    FORTHCOMING EVENTS

               
     
    Date Event
    October 30, 2025 Third quarter 2025 results and dividends

             Page 12


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

                                       
     
    CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME    
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    65,406    69,234    74,463    Revenue1 134,640    146,942   
    712    615    898    Share of profit/(loss) of joint ventures and associates 1,327    2,216   
    326    302    (305)   Interest and other income/(expenses)2 628    602   
    66,443    70,152    75,057    Total revenue and other income/(expenses) 136,596    149,760   
    44,099    45,849    49,417    Purchases 89,948    96,284   
    4,909    5,549    5,593    Production and manufacturing expenses 10,459    11,403   
    3,077    2,840    3,094    Selling, distribution and administrative expenses 5,917    6,069   
    278    185    263    Research and development 464    475   
    360    210    496    Exploration 569    1,246   
    6,670    5,441    7,555    Depreciation, depletion and amortisation2 12,111    13,436   
    1,075    1,120    1,235    Interest expense 2,194    2,399   
    60,468    61,194    67,653    Total expenditure 121,662    131,312   
    5,975    8,959    7,404    Income/(loss) before taxation 14,934    18,447   
    2,332    4,083    3,754    Taxation charge/(credit)2 6,415    7,358   
    3,644    4,875    3,650    Income/(loss) for the period 8,519    11,089   
    43    95    133    Income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interest 138    215   
    3,601    4,780    3,517    Income/(loss) attributable to Shell plc shareholders 8,381    10,874   
    0.61    0.79    0.55    Basic earnings per share ($)3 1.40    1.70   
    0.60    0.79    0.55    Diluted earnings per share ($)3 1.39    1.68   

    1.See Note 2 “Segment information”.

    2.See Note 7 “Other notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements”.

    3.See Note 3 “Earnings per share”.

                                       
     
    CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME    
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    3,644    4,875    3,650    Income/(loss) for the period 8,519    11,089   
          Other comprehensive income/(loss) net of tax:    
          Items that may be reclassified to income in later periods:    
    4,127    1,711    698    – Currency translation differences1 5,837    (1,296)  
        (12)   – Debt instruments remeasurements 14    (19)  
    (109)   (25)   14    – Cash flow hedging gains/(losses) (135)   67   
      (42)   (6)   – Deferred cost of hedging (37)   (20)  
    113    74    (50)   – Share of other comprehensive income/(loss) of joint ventures and associates 187    (62)  
    4,143    1,723    644    Total 5,866    (1,330)  
          Items that are not reclassified to income in later periods:    
    158    306    310    – Retirement benefits remeasurements 465    749   
    (8)   (16)   (81)   – Equity instruments remeasurements (24)   (3)  
    (23)   (36)   44    – Share of other comprehensive income/(loss) of joint ventures and associates (59)   55   
    128    254    273    Total 381    801   
    4,270    1,977    917    Other comprehensive income/(loss) for the period 6,248    (529)  
    7,914    6,852    4,567    Comprehensive income/(loss) for the period 14,767    10,560   
    122    105    123    Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interest 227    180   
    7,792    6,748    4,443    Comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to Shell plc shareholders 14,540    10,381   

    1.See Note 7 “Other notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements”.

             Page 13


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                     
     
    CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
    $ million    
      June 30, 2025 December 31, 2024
    Assets    
    Non-current assets    
    Goodwill 16,332    16,032   
    Other intangible assets 11,338    9,480   
    Property, plant and equipment 186,461    185,219   
    Joint ventures and associates 23,456    23,445   
    Investments in securities 2,225    2,255   
    Deferred tax 7,524    6,857   
    Retirement benefits 10,980    10,003   
    Trade and other receivables 7,315    6,018   
    Derivative financial instruments1 692    374   
      266,323    259,683   
    Current assets    
    Inventories 23,283    23,426   
    Trade and other receivables 45,570    45,860   
    Derivative financial instruments1 9,443    9,673   
    Cash and cash equivalents 32,682    39,110   
      110,978    118,069   
    Assets classified as held for sale2 10,619    9,857   
      121,597    127,926   
    Total assets 387,920    387,609   
    Liabilities    
    Non-current liabilities    
    Debt 65,218    65,448   
    Trade and other payables 5,876    3,290   
    Derivative financial instruments1 1,037    2,185   
    Deferred tax 12,921    13,505   
    Retirement benefits 6,983    6,752   
    Decommissioning and other provisions 20,777    21,227   
      112,813    112,407   
    Current liabilities    
    Debt 10,457    11,630   
    Trade and other payables 58,379    60,693   
    Derivative financial instruments1 6,451    7,391   
    Income taxes payable 3,642    4,648   
    Decommissioning and other provisions 5,234    4,469   
      84,164    88,831   
    Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale2 7,856    6,203   
      92,020    95,034   
    Total liabilities 204,832    207,441   
    Equity attributable to Shell plc shareholders 181,137    178,307   
    Non-controlling interest 1,951    1,861   
    Total equity 183,088    180,168   
    Total liabilities and equity 387,920    387,609   

    1.    See Note 6 “Derivative financial instruments and debt excluding lease liabilities”.

    2. .See Note 7 “Other notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements”.

             Page 14


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                         
     
    CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
      Equity attributable to Shell plc shareholders      
    $ million Share capital1 Shares held in trust Other reserves² Retained earnings Total Non-controlling interest   Total equity
    At January 1, 2025 510    (803)   19,766    158,834    178,307    1,861      180,168   
    Comprehensive income/(loss) for the period —    —    6,159    8,381    14,540    227      14,767   
    Transfer from other comprehensive income —    —    18    (18)   —    —      —   
    Dividends³ —    —    —    (4,302)   (4,302)   (113)     (4,415)  
    Repurchases of shares4 (17)   —    17    (7,038)   (7,038)   —      (7,038)  
    Share-based compensation —    516    (486)   (426)   (396)   —      (396)  
    Other changes —    —    —    29    29    (24)      
    At June 30, 2025 493    (288)   25,473    155,458    181,137    1,951      183,088   
    At January 1, 2024 544    (997)   21,145    165,915    186,607    1,755      188,362   
    Comprehensive income/(loss) for the period —    —    (494)   10,874    10,381    180      10,560   
    Transfer from other comprehensive income —    —    170    (170)   —    —      —   
    Dividends3 —    —    —    (4,387)   (4,387)   (150)     (4,537)  
    Repurchases of shares4 (17)   —    17    (7,020)   (7,020)   —      (7,020)  
    Share-based compensation —    544    (213)   (406)   (76)   —      (76)  
    Other changes —    —    —    (96)   (96)   (1)     (98)  
    At June 30, 2024 528    (454)   20,625    164,709    185,407    1,783      187,190   

    1.    See Note 4 “Share capital”.

    2.    See Note 5 “Other reserves”.

    3.    The amount charged to retained earnings is based on prevailing exchange rates on payment date.

    4.     Includes shares committed to repurchase under an irrevocable contract and repurchases subject to settlement at the end of the quarter.

             Page 15


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                             
     
    CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS    
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025   Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    5,975      8,959    7,404    Income before taxation for the period 14,934    18,447   
            Adjustment for:    
    515      636    619    – Interest expense (net) 1,151    1,195   
    6,670      5,441    7,555    – Depreciation, depletion and amortisation1 12,111    13,436   
    206      28    269    – Exploration well write-offs 234    823   
    (128)     127    (143)   – Net (gains)/losses on sale and revaluation of non-current assets and businesses (1)   (154)  
    (712)     (615)   (898)   – Share of (profit)/loss of joint ventures and associates (1,327)   (2,216)  
    2,361      523    792    – Dividends received from joint ventures and associates1 2,884    1,530   
    (27)     854    (954)   – (Increase)/decrease in inventories 827    (1,562)  
    3,635      (2,610)   1,965    – (Increase)/decrease in current receivables 1,025    1,770   
    (3,994)     (907)   (1,269)   – Increase/(decrease) in current payables (4,901)   (3,218)  
    626      (244)   253    – Derivative financial instruments 381    1,638   
    (17)     (100)   (332)   – Retirement benefits (118)   (392)  
    (425)     (480)   (332)   – Decommissioning and other provisions (906)   (931)  
    684      570    2,027    – Other1 1,254    2,536   
    (3,432)     (2,900)   (3,448)   Tax paid (6,331)   (6,064)  
    11,937      9,281    13,508    Cash flow from operating activities 21,218    26,838   
    (5,393)     (3,748)   (4,445)      Capital expenditure (9,141)   (8,424)  
    (406)     (413)   (261)      Investments in joint ventures and associates (819)   (761)  
    (17)     (15)   (13)      Investments in equity securities (32)   (25)  
    (5,817)     (4,175)   (4,719)   Cash capital expenditure (9,993)   (9,211)  
    (57)     559    710    Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment and businesses1 502    1,033   
        33    57    Proceeds from joint ventures and associates from sale, capital reduction and repayment of long-term loans 34    190   
    19          Proceeds from sale of equity securities 24    570   
    508      508    648    Interest received 1,016    1,224   
    360      506    883    Other investing cash inflows 866    1,740   
    (420)     (1,394)   (920)   Other investing cash outflows (1,814)   (2,414)  
    (5,406)     (3,959)   (3,338)   Cash flow from investing activities (9,365)   (6,866)  
    (208)     80    (179)   Net increase/(decrease) in debt with maturity period within three months (127)   (286)  
            Other debt:    
    180      139    132    – New borrowings 319    299   
    (4,075)     (2,514)   (4,154)   – Repayments (6,589)   (5,686)  
    (1,212)     (846)   (1,287)   Interest paid (2,059)   (2,198)  
    896      326    (115)   Derivative financial instruments 1,222    (412)  
    —      (25)   (1)   Change in non-controlling interest (25)   (5)  
            Cash dividends paid to:    
    (2,122)     (2,179)   (2,177)   – Shell plc shareholders (4,300)   (4,387)  
    (27)     (86)   (82)   – Non-controlling interest (113)   (150)  
    (3,533)     (3,311)   (3,958)   Repurchases of shares (6,844)   (6,782)  
    (5)     (768)   (24)   Shares held in trust: net sales/(purchases) and dividends received (773)   (486)  
    (10,106)     (9,183)   (11,846)   Cash flow from financing activities (19,289)   (20,094)  
    655      353    (126)   Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents 1,008    (505)  
    (2,919)     (3,509)   (1,801)   Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents (6,428)   (627)  
    35,601      39,110    39,949    Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period 39,110    38,774   
    32,682      35,601    38,148    Cash and cash equivalents at end of period 32,682    38,148   

    1.See Note 7 “Other notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements”.

             Page 16


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED INTERIM FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

    1. Basis of preparation

    These unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements of Shell plc (“the Company”) and its subsidiaries (collectively referred to as “Shell”) have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and adopted by the UK, and on the basis of the same accounting principles as those used in the Company’s Annual Report and Accounts (pages 240 to 312) for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the Registrar of Companies for England and Wales and as filed with the Autoriteit Financiële Markten (the Netherlands) and Amendment No. 1 to Form 20-F (“Form 20-F/A”) (pages 10 to 83) for the year ended December 31, 2024, as filed with the US Securities and Exchange Commission, and should be read in conjunction with these filings.

    The financial information presented in the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements does not constitute statutory accounts within the meaning of section 434(3) of the Companies Act 2006 (“the Act”). Statutory accounts for the year ended December 31, 2024, were published in Shell’s Annual Report and Accounts, a copy of which was delivered to the Registrar of Companies for England and Wales. The auditor’s report on those accounts was unqualified, did not include a reference to any matters to which the auditor drew attention by way of emphasis without qualifying the report and did not contain a statement under sections 498(2) or 498(3) of the Act.

    Going Concern

    These unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements have been prepared on the going concern basis of accounting. In assessing the appropriateness of the going concern assumption over the period to December 31, 2026 (the ‘going concern period’), management have stress-tested Shell’s most recent financial projections to incorporate a range of potential future outcomes by considering Shell’s principal risks, potential downside pressures on commodity prices and long-term demand, and cash preservation measures, including reduced cash capital expenditure and shareholder distributions. This assessment confirmed that Shell has adequate cash, other liquid resources and undrawn credit facilities to enable it to meet its obligations as they fall due in order to continue its operations during the going concern period. Therefore, the Directors consider it appropriate to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing these unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements.

    Key accounting considerations, significant judgements and estimates

    Future commodity price assumptions, which represent a significant estimate, were subject to change in the second quarter 2025 (See Note 7). Noting continued volatility in markets, price assumptions remain under review.

    The discount rates applied for impairment testing and the discount rate applied to provisions are reviewed on a regular basis. Both discount rates applied in the first half year 2025 remain unchanged compared with 2024.

    2. Segment information

    With effect from January 1, 2025, segment earnings are presented on an Adjusted Earnings basis (Adjusted Earnings), which is the earnings measure used by the Chief Executive Officer, who serves as the Chief Operating Decision Maker, for the purposes of making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance. This aligns with Shell’s focus on performance, discipline and simplification.

    The Adjusted Earnings measure is presented on a current cost of supplies (CCS) basis and aims to facilitate a comparative understanding of Shell’s financial performance from period to period by removing the effects of oil price changes on inventory carrying amounts and removing the effects of identified items. Identified items are in some cases driven by external factors and may, either individually or collectively, hinder the comparative understanding of Shell’s financial results from period to period.

    The segment earnings measure used until December 31, 2024 was CCS earnings. The difference between CCS earnings and Adjusted Earnings are the identified items. Comparative periods are presented below on an Adjusted Earnings basis.

             Page 17


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    ADJUSTED EARNINGS BY SEGMENT

                                                   
     
    Q2 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Income/(loss) attributable to Shell plc shareholders             3,601
    Income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interest             43
    Income/(loss) for the period 1,838    2,008    766    (174)   (254)   (539)   3,644   
    Add: Current cost of supplies adjustment before taxation     104    333        436
    Add: Tax on current cost of supplies adjustment     (24)   (91)       (115)
    Less: Identified items before taxation (102)   271    (460)   (64)   (300)   (63)   (717)
    Add: Tax on identified items (203)   (5)   (106)   (13)   (55)   14    (369)
    Adjusted Earnings 1,737    1,732    1,199    118    (9)   (463)   4,314   
    Adjusted Earnings attributable to Shell plc shareholders             4,264
    Adjusted Earnings attributable to non-controlling interest             50
                                                   
     
    Q1 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Income/(loss) attributable to Shell plc shareholders             4,780
    Income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interest             95
    Income/(loss) for the period 2,789    2,080    814    (77)   (247)   (483)   4,875
    Add: Current cost of supplies adjustment before taxation     52    (67)       (15)
    Add: Tax on current cost of supplies adjustment     (14)   12        (2)
    Less: Identified items before taxation 348    121    (44)   (679)   (260)     (510)
    Add: Tax on identified items 43    378      (99)   (54)   29    301
    Adjusted Earnings 2,483    2,337    900    449    (42)   (457)   5,670
    Adjusted Earnings attributable to Shell plc shareholders             5,577
    Adjusted Earnings attributable to non-controlling interest             94
                                                   
     
    Q2 2024 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Income/(loss) attributable to Shell plc shareholders             3,517
    Income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interest             133
    Income/(loss) for the period 2,454    2,179    202    545    (75)   (1,656)   3,650
    Add: Current cost of supplies adjustment before taxation     74    59        133
    Add: Tax on current cost of supplies adjustment     (19)   (17)       (36)
    Less: Identified items before taxation (260)   (215)   (1,111)   (333)   198    (1,105)   (2,826)
    Add: Tax on identified items (40)   (58)   (286)   165    87    (25)   (157)
    Adjusted Earnings 2,675    2,336    1,082    1,085    (187)   (576)   6,415
    Adjusted Earnings attributable to Shell plc shareholders             6,293
    Adjusted Earnings attributable to non-controlling interest             122

             Page 18


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                   
     
    Half year 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Income/(loss) attributable to Shell plc shareholders             8,381
    Income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interest             138
    Income/(loss) for the period 4,627    4,088    1,580    (252)   (501)   (1,022)   8,519
    Add: Current cost of supplies adjustment before taxation     156    266        422
    Add: Tax on current cost of supplies adjustment     (38)   (79)       (116)
    Less: Identified items before taxation 246    392    (504)   (743)   (559)   (59)   (1,227)
    Add: Tax on identified items (160)   373    (102)   (111)   (110)   43    (68)
    Adjusted Earnings 4,220    4,068    2,100    567    (51)   (920)   9,984
    Adjusted Earnings attributable to Shell plc shareholders             9,841
    Adjusted Earnings attributable to non-controlling interest             144
                                                   
     
    Half year 2024 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Income/(loss) attributable to Shell plc shareholders             10,874
    Income/(loss) attributable to non-controlling interest             215
    Income/(loss) for the period 5,215    4,451    1,099    1,856    478    (2,010)   11,089
    Add: Current cost of supplies adjustment before taxation     (79)   (148)       (227)
    Add: Tax on current cost of supplies adjustment     11    37        48
    Less: Identified items before taxation (1,336)   (261)   (1,123)   (908)   668    (1,111)   (4,070)
    Add: Tax on identified items (197)   (443)   (290)   48    167    (45)   (761)
    Adjusted Earnings 6,354    4,270    1,863    2,700    (24)   (944)   14,219
    Adjusted Earnings attributable to Shell plc shareholders             14,027
    Adjusted Earnings attributable to non-controlling interest             192

    CASH CAPITAL EXPENDITURE BY SEGMENT

    Cash capital expenditure is a measure used by the Chief Executive Officer for the purposes of making decisions about allocating resources and assessing performance.

                                                   
     
    Q2 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Capital expenditure 988    2,774    427    704    468    32    5,393
    Add: Investments in joint ventures and associates 209    52      71    72      406
    Add: Investment in equity securities —    —    —    —    16      17
    Cash capital expenditure 1,196    2,826    429    775    555    36    5,817
                                                   
     
    Q1 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Capital expenditure 943    1,727    252    451    358    17    3,748
    Add: Investments in joint ventures and associates 174    197        30      413
    Add: Investments in equity securities —    —    —    —    14    —    15
    Cash capital expenditure 1,116    1,923    256    458    403    19    4,175

             Page 19


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                   
     
    Q2 2024 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Capital expenditure 1,024    1,769    644    601    377    30    4,445
    Add: Investments in joint ventures and associates 127    60    —    37    35      261
    Add: Investments in equity securities —    —    —    —    13    —    13
    Cash Capital expenditure 1,151    1,829    644    638    425    32    4,719
                                                   
     
    Half year 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Capital expenditure 1,930    4,501    679    1,155    826    49    9,141
    Add: Investments in joint ventures and associates 383    248      78    102      819
    Add: Investment in equity securities —    —    —    —    30      32
    Cash capital expenditure 2,313    4,749    684    1,233    958    54    9,993
                                                   
     
    Half year 2024 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Capital expenditure 1,882    3,535    1,071    1,074    797    64    8,424
    Add: Investments in joint ventures and associates 310    304    38    63    43      761
    Add: Investments in equity securities —    —    —    —    22      25
    Cash capital expenditure 2,192    3,839    1,109    1,138    863    69    9,211

    REVENUE BY SEGMENT

    Third-party revenue includes revenue from sources other than from contracts with customers, which mainly comprises the impact of fair value accounting of commodity derivatives.

                                                   
     
    Q2 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Revenue:              
         Third-party 9,576    1,193    28,241    18,388    7,996    12    65,406
         Inter-segment 2,412    8,502    2,177    8,775    835    —    22,701
                                                   
     
    Q1 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Revenue:              
         Third-party 9,602    1,510    27,083    21,610    9,417    12    69,234
         Inter-segment 2,675    9,854    1,849    8,255    1,164    —    23,797

             Page 20


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                   
     
    Q2 2024 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Revenue:              
         Third-party 9,052    1,590    32,005    24,583    7,222    11    74,463
         Inter-segment 2,157    10,102    1,363    9,849    957    —    24,428
                                                   
     
    Half year 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Revenue:              
         Third-party 19,179    2,703    55,324    39,998    17,413    23    134,640
         Inter-segment 5,086    18,356    4,026    17,030    1,999    —    46,498
                                                   
     
    Half year 2024 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Revenue:              
         Third-party 18,247    3,349    62,045    48,319    14,959    22    146,942
         Inter-segment 4,560    20,390    2,718    20,161    1,962    —    49,791

    Identified items

    The objective of identified items is to remove material impacts on net income/loss arising from transactions which are generally uncontrollable and unusual (infrequent or non-recurring) in nature or giving rise to a mismatch between accounting and economic results, or certain transactions that are generally excluded from underlying results in the industry.

    Identified items comprise: divestment gains and losses, impairments and impairment reversals, redundancy and restructuring, fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts that gives rise to a mismatch between accounting and economic results, the impact of exchange rate movements and inflationary adjustments on certain deferred tax balances, and other items.

             Page 21


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                   
     
    Q2 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Identified items included in Income/(loss) before taxation              
    Divestment gains/(losses) 63 344 (56) (9) 119 (4) 457
    Impairment reversals/(impairments) (672) (3) (370) (78) (138) (1,261)
    Redundancy and restructuring (7) (6) (57) (37) (1) (12) (119)
    Fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts1 514 1 23 61 (280) 319
    Other2 (65) (1) (47) (113)
    Total identified items included in Income/(loss) before taxation (102) 271 (460) (64) (300) (63) (717)
    Less: Total identified items included in Taxation charge/(credit) (203) (5) (106) (13) (55) 14 (369)
    Identified items included in Income/(loss) for the period              
    Divestment gains/(losses) 54 350 (44) (7) 108 (3) 458
    Impairment reversals/(impairments) (423) (2) (285) (62) (136) (908)
    Redundancy and restructuring (4) (2) (44) (29) (8) (88)
    Fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts1 454 19 49 (217) 307
    Impact of exchange rate movements and inflationary adjustments on tax balances3 20 22 (19) 23
    Other2 (92) (1) (47) (139)
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings 101 276 (354) (51) (245) (77) (348)
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings attributable to non-controlling interest
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings attributable to Shell plc shareholders 101 276 (354) (51) (245) (77) (348)

    1.Fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts: In the ordinary course of business, Shell enters into contracts to supply or purchase oil and gas products, as well as power and environmental products. Shell also enters into contracts for tolling, pipeline and storage capacity. Derivative contracts are entered into for mitigation of resulting economic exposures (generally price exposure) and these derivative contracts are carried at period-end market price (fair value), with movements in fair value recognised in income for the period. Supply and purchase contracts entered into for operational purposes, as well as contracts for tolling, pipeline and storage capacity, are, by contrast, recognised when the transaction occurs; furthermore, inventory is carried at historical cost or net realisable value, whichever is lower. As a consequence, accounting mismatches occur because: (a) the supply or purchase transaction is recognised in a different period; or (b) the inventory is measured on a different basis. In addition, certain contracts are, due to pricing or delivery conditions, deemed to contain embedded derivatives or written options and are also required to be carried at fair value even though they are entered into for operational purposes. The accounting impacts are reported as identified items.

    2.Other identified items represent other credits or charges that based on Shell management’s assessment hinder the comparative understanding of Shell’s financial results from period to period.

    3.Impact of exchange rate movements and inflationary adjustments on tax balances represents the impact on tax balances of exchange rate movements and inflationary adjustments arising on: (a) the conversion to dollars of the local currency tax base of non-monetary assets and liabilities, as well as recognised tax losses (this primarily impacts the Integrated Gas and Upstream segments); and (b) the conversion of dollar-denominated inter-segment loans to local currency, leading to taxable exchange rate gains or losses (this primarily impacts the Corporate segment).

             Page 22


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                   
     
    Q1 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Identified items included in Income/(loss) before taxation              
    Divestment gains/(losses) (1) 154 (57) (15) (187) (106)
    Impairment reversals/(impairments) (21) 10 (293) (38) (341)
    Redundancy and restructuring (1) (15) (9) (13) (9) 4 (44)
    Fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts1 420 (1) 12 (258) 20 194
    Other1 (70) 4 (101) (46) (212)
    Total identified items included in Income/(loss) before taxation 348 121 (44) (679) (260) 4 (510)
    Less: Total identified items included in Taxation charge/(credit) 43 378 4 (99) (54) 29 301
    Identified items included in Income/(loss) for the period              
    Divestment gains/(losses) 8 (61) (12) (143) (208)
    Impairment reversals/(impairments) (15) 6 (277) (31) (317)
    Redundancy and restructuring (1) (5) (1) (12) (7) 2 (24)
    Fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts1 362 7 (202) 20 187
    Impact of exchange rate movements and inflationary adjustments on tax balances1 4 132 (28) 108
    Other1 (59) (377) (77) (45) (558)
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings 306 (257) (49) (581) (205) (26) (811)
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings attributable to non-controlling interest
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings attributable to Shell plc shareholders 306 (257) (49) (581) (205) (26) (811)

    1.For a detailed description, see the corresponding footnotes to the Q2 2025 identified items table above.

                                                   
     
    Q2 2024 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Identified items included in Income/(loss) before taxation              
    Divestment gains/(losses) 2 131 (60) (8) 79 143
    Impairment reversals/(impairments) (18) (80) (1,055) (619) (161) (1,932)
    Redundancy and restructuring (9) (56) (69) (30) (45) (2) (211)
    Fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts1 (102) (29) 63 211 318 461
    Other1,2 (133) (181) 10 113 7 (1,103) (1,287)
    Total identified items included in Income/(loss) before taxation (260) (215) (1,111) (333) 198 (1,105) (2,826)
    Less: Total identified items included in Taxation charge/(credit) (40) (58) (286) 165 87 (25) (157)
    Identified items included in Income/(loss) for the period              
    Divestment gains/(losses) 1 114 (45) (6) 71 135
    Impairment reversals/(impairments) (15) (67) (783) (708) (155) (1,728)
    Redundancy and restructuring (6) (33) (50) (23) (33) (1) (147)
    Fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts1 (98) (7) 45 156 223 319
    Impact of exchange rate movements and inflationary adjustments on tax balances1 10 (4) 43 49
    Other1,2 (113) (160) 7 83 5 (1,122) (1,298)
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings (220) (157) (825) (499) 112 (1,080) (2,669)
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings attributable to non-controlling interest 18 18
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings attributable to Shell plc shareholders (220) (157) (825) (517) 112 (1,080) (2,687)

    1.For a detailed description, see the corresponding footnotes to the Q2 2025 identified items table above.

             Page 23


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    2.Corporate includes reclassifications from equity to profit and loss of cumulative currency translation differences related to funding structures resulting in unfavourable movements of $1,122 million. These currency translation differences were previously recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity as part of accumulated other comprehensive income.

                                                   
     
    Half year 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Identified items included in Income/(loss) before taxation              
    Divestment gains/(losses) 62 498 (113) (24) (68) (4) 351
    Impairment reversals/(impairments) (672) (24) (360) (371) (176) (1,602)
    Redundancy and restructuring (8) (21) (66) (50) (10) (9) (164)
    Fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts1 934 35 (196) (260) 512
    Other1 (70) (61) (102) (46) (47) (325)
    Total identified items included in Income/(loss) before taxation 246 392 (504) (743) (559) (59) (1,227)
    Less: Total identified items included in Taxation charge/(credit) (160) 373 (102) (111) (110) 43 (68)
    Identified items included in Income/(loss) for the period              
    Divestment gains/(losses) 53 358 (105) (19) (35) (3) 250
    Impairment reversals/(impairments) (423) (17) (278) (339) (167) (1,225)
    Redundancy and restructuring (5) (7) (45) (42) (7) (6) (112)
    Fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts1 817 26 (153) (196) 494
    Impact of exchange rate movements and inflationary adjustments on tax balances1 24 154 (47) 131
    Other1 (59) (469) (78) (45) (47) (697)
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings 407 19 (402) (631) (450) (102) (1,160)
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings attributable to non-controlling interest
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings attributable to Shell plc shareholders 407 19 (402) (631) (450) (102) (1,160)

    1.For a detailed description, see the corresponding footnotes to the Q2 2025 identified items table above.

             Page 24


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                   
     
    Half year 2024 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Identified items included in Income/(loss) before taxation              
    Divestment gains/(losses) (1) 158 (75) (17) 89 154
    Impairment reversals/(impairments) (26) (176) (1,059) (797) (102) (2,159)
    Redundancy and restructuring (10) (69) (90) (49) (60) (7) (284)
    Fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts1 (1,169) (31) 69 (205) 717 (619)
    Other1,2 (129) (143) 33 158 24 (1,103) (1,161)
    Total identified items included in Income/(loss) before taxation (1,336) (261) (1,123) (908) 668 (1,111) (4,070)
    Less: Total identified items included in Taxation charge/(credit) (197) (443) (290) 48 167 (45) (761)
    Identified items included in Income/(loss) for the period              
    Divestment gains/(losses) 124 (56) (13) 77 131
    Impairment reversals/(impairments) (20) (169) (786) (860) (78) (1,914)
    Redundancy and restructuring (6) (42) (65) (37) (44) (5) (200)
    Fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts1 (985) (8) 50 (163) 529 (576)
    Impact of exchange rate movements and inflationary adjustments on tax balances1 (17) 408 61 452
    Other1,2 (110) (131) 25 118 18 (1,122) (1,202)
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings (1,139) 182 (832) (956) 501 (1,066) (3,310)
    Impact on Adjusted Earnings attributable to non-controlling interest 18 18
    Impact on adjusted earnings attributable to Shell plc shareholders (1,139) 182 (832) (974) 501 (1,066) (3,328)

    1.For a detailed description, see the corresponding footnotes to the Q2 2025 identified items table above.

    2.Corporate includes reclassifications from equity to profit and loss of cumulative currency translation differences related to funding structures resulting in unfavourable movements of $1,122 million. These currency translation differences were previously recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity as part of accumulated other comprehensive income.

    The identified items categories above may include after-tax impacts of identified items of joint ventures and associates which are fully reported within “Share of profit/(loss) of joint ventures and associates” in the Consolidated Statement of Income, and fully reported as identified items included in Income/(loss) before taxation in the table above. Identified items related to subsidiaries are consolidated and reported across appropriate lines of the Consolidated Statement of Income.

    3. Earnings per share

                                       
     
    EARNINGS PER SHARE
    Quarters   Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    3,601    4,780    3,517    Income/(loss) attributable to Shell plc shareholders ($ million) 8,381    10,874   
               
          Weighted average number of shares used as the basis for determining:    
    5,947.9    6,033.5    6,355.4    Basic earnings per share (million) 5,990.5    6,397.7   
    6,004.7    6,087.8    6,417.6    Diluted earnings per share (million) 6,046.0    6,461.0   

             Page 25


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    4. Share capital

                           
     
    ISSUED AND FULLY PAID ORDINARY SHARES OF €0.07 EACH
      Number of shares   Nominal value
    ($ million)
    At January 1, 2025 6,115,031,158      510   
    Repurchases of shares (202,687,052)     (17)  
    At June 30, 2025 5,912,344,106      493   
    At January 1, 2024 6,524,109,049      544   
    Repurchases of shares (199,993,563)     (17)  
    At June 30, 2024 6,324,115,486      528   

    At Shell plc’s Annual General Meeting on May 20, 2025, the Board was authorised to allot ordinary shares in Shell plc, and to grant rights to subscribe for, or to convert, any security into ordinary shares in Shell plc, up to an aggregate nominal amount of approximately €140 million (representing approximately 2,007 million ordinary shares of €0.07 each), and to list such shares or rights on any stock exchange. This authority expires at the earlier of the close of business on August 19, 2026, or the end of the Annual General Meeting to be held in 2026, unless previously renewed, revoked or varied by Shell plc in a general meeting.

    5. Other reserves

                                             
     
    OTHER RESERVES
    $ million Merger reserve Share premium reserve Capital redemption reserve Share plan reserve Accumulated other comprehensive income Total
    At January 1, 2025 37,298    154    270    1,417    (19,373)   19,766   
    Other comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to Shell plc shareholders —    —    —    —    6,159    6,159   
    Transfer from other comprehensive income —    —    —    —    18    18   
    Repurchases of shares —    —    17    —    —    17   
    Share-based compensation —    —    —    (486)   —    (486)  
    At June 30, 2025 37,298    154    287    930    (13,196)   25,473   
    At January 1, 2024 37,298    154    236    1,308    (17,851)   21,145   
    Other comprehensive income/(loss) attributable to Shell plc shareholders —    —    —    —    (494)   (494)  
    Transfer from other comprehensive income —    —    —    —    170    170   
    Repurchases of shares —    —    17    —    —    17   
    Share-based compensation —    —    —    (213)   —    (213)  
    At June 30, 2024 37,298    154    253    1,095    (18,175)   20,625   

    The merger reserve and share premium reserve were established as a consequence of Shell plc (formerly Royal Dutch Shell plc) becoming the single parent company of Royal Dutch Petroleum Company and The “Shell” Transport and Trading Company, p.l.c., now The Shell Transport and Trading Company Limited, in 2005. The merger reserve increased in 2016 following the issuance of shares for the acquisition of BG Group plc. The capital redemption reserve was established in connection with repurchases of shares of Shell plc. The share plan reserve is in respect of equity-settled share-based compensation plans.

    6. Derivative financial instruments and debt excluding lease liabilities

    As disclosed in the Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2024, presented in the Annual Report and Accounts and Form 20-F/A for that year, Shell is exposed to the risks of changes in fair value of its financial assets and liabilities. The fair values of the financial assets and liabilities are defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Methods and assumptions used to estimate the fair values at June 30, 2025, are consistent with those used in the year ended December 31, 2024, though the carrying amounts of derivative financial instruments have changed since that date.

             Page 26


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    The movement of the derivative financial instruments between December 31, 2024 and June 30, 2025, is a decrease of $230 million for the current assets and a decrease of $940 million for the current liabilities.

    The table below provides the comparison of the fair value with the carrying amount of debt excluding lease liabilities, disclosed in accordance with IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures.

                     
     
    DEBT EXCLUDING LEASE LIABILITIES
    $ million June 30, 2025 December 31, 2024
    Carrying amount1 46,720    48,376   
    Fair value2 42,864    44,119   

    1.    Shell issued no debt under the US shelf or under the Euro medium-term note programmes since November 2021 and September 2020, respectively. The US shelf programme has lapsed and management aims to renew it during the second half of 2025.

    2.     Mainly determined from the prices quoted for these securities.

    7. Other notes to the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

    Consolidated Statement of Income

    Interest and other income

                                       
     
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    326    302    (305)   Interest and other income/(expenses) 628    602   
          Of which:    
    559    481    616    Interest income 1,040    1,204   
    44      30    Dividend income (from investments in equity securities) 45    53   
    128    (127)   143    Net gains/(losses) on sales and revaluation of non-current assets and businesses   154   
    (447)   (137)   (1,169)   Net foreign exchange gains/(losses) on financing activities (584)   (1,103)  
    42    85    74    Other 127    293   

    Depreciation, depletion and amortisation

                                       
     
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    6,670    5,441    7,555    Depreciation, depletion and amortisation 12,111    13,436   
          Of which:    
    5,463 5,130 5,642 Depreciation 10,593    11,296   
    1,238 311 1,984 Impairments 1,549    2,365   
    (31) (1) (71) Impairment reversals (32)   (225)  

    Impairments recognised in the second quarter 2025 of $1,238 million pre-tax ($877 million post-tax) principally relate to Integrated Gas ($666 million) and Marketing ($399 million). Impairments recognised in Integrated Gas were triggered by lower commodity prices applied in impairment testing.

    Impairments recognised in the second quarter 2024 of $1,984 million pre-tax ($1,778 million post-tax) mainly relate to Marketing ($1,055 million), Chemicals and Products ($690 million) and Renewables and Energy Solutions ($141 million).

    Taxation charge/credit

                                       
     
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    2,332    4,083    3,754    Taxation charge/(credit) 6,415    7,358   
          Of which:    
    2,277 4,024 3,666 Income tax excluding Pillar Two income tax 6,301    7,192   
    55 59 88 Income tax related to Pillar Two income tax 113    167

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    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    As required by IAS 12 Income Taxes, Shell has applied the exception to recognising and disclosing information about deferred tax assets and liabilities related to Pillar Two income taxes.

    Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

    Currency translation differences

                                       
     
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    4,127    1,711    698    Currency translation differences 5,837    (1,296)  
          Of which:    
    4,117 1,618 (406) Recognised in Other comprehensive income 5,736    (2,388)  
    9 92 1,104 (Gain)/loss reclassified to profit or loss 101    1,092

    Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet

    Assets classified as held for sale

                     
     
    $ million    
      June 30, 2025 December 31, 2024
    Assets classified as held for sale 10,619    9,857   
    Liabilities directly associated with assets classified as held for sale 7,856    6,203   

    Assets classified as held for sale and associated liabilities at June 30, 2025, principally relate to Shell’s UK offshore oil and gas assets in Upstream and mining interests in Canada in Chemicals and Products. Upon completion of the sale, Shell’s UK offshore assets will be derecognised in exchange for a 50% interest in a newly formed joint venture.

    The major classes of assets and liabilities classified as held for sale at June 30, 2025, are Property, plant and equipment ($9,759 million; December 31, 2024: $8,283 million), Deferred tax liabilities ($3,312 million; December 31, 2024: $2,042 million) and Decommissioning and other provisions ($3,165 million; December 31, 2024: $3,053 million).

    Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

    Cash flow from operating activities – Other

                                       
     
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    684    570    2,027    Other 1,254    2,536   

    ‘Cash flow from operating activities – Other’ for the second quarter 2025 includes $979 million of net inflows (first quarter 2025: $652 million net inflows; second quarter 2024: $620 million net inflows) due to the timing of payments relating to emission certificates and biofuel programmes in Europe and North America and $439 million in relation to reversal of currency exchange gains on Cash and cash equivalents (first quarter 2025: $255 million gains; second quarter 2024: $96 million losses). In addition, the second quarter 2024 includes $1,104 million inflow representing reversal of the non-cash recycling of currency translation losses from other comprehensive income.

    Dividends received from joint ventures and associates

                                       
     
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    2,361    523    792    Dividends received from joint ventures and associates 2,884    1,530   

    In the second quarter 2025, a cash dividend of $1,727 million was received from a joint venture in Upstream.

    Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment and businesses

             Page 28


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                       
     
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    (57)   559    710    Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment and businesses 502    1,033   

    In the second quarter 2025, Shell completed the sale of a business that held $216 million of cash and cash equivalents, that was agreed to be transferred in the sale, resulting in a cash outflow in ‘Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment and businesses’. Sales proceeds were received and recognised in the Consolidated statement of Cash Flows in the first quarter 2025.

    8. Reconciliation of Operating expenses and Total Debt

                                       
     
    RECONCILIATION OF OPERATING EXPENSES    
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    4,909    5,549    5,593    Production and manufacturing expenses 10,459    11,403   
    3,077    2,840    3,094    Selling, distribution and administrative expenses 5,917    6,069   
    278    185    263    Research and development 464    475   
    8,265    8,575    8,950    Operating expenses 16,840    17,947   
                                       
     
    RECONCILIATION OF TOTAL DEBT    
         
               
    June 30, 2025 March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024 $ million June 30, 2025 June 30, 2024
    10,457    11,391    10,849    Current debt 10,457    10,849   
    65,218    65,120    64,619    Non-current debt 65,218    64,619   
    75,675    76,511    75,468    Total debt 75,675    75,468   

    9. Post-balance sheet events

    On July 1, 2023, new pension legislation (“Wet Toekomst Pensioenen” (WTP)) came into effect in the Netherlands, with an expected implementation required prior to January 1, 2028. In July 2025, the Trustee Board of the Stichting Shell Pensioen Fonds (“SSPF”), Shell’s defined benefit pension fund in the Netherlands, formally accepted the transition plan to transition from a defined benefit pension fund to a defined contribution plan with effect from January 1, 2027, subject to the local funding level of the plan remaining above an agreed level (125%) during a predetermined transition period.

    In accordance with asset ceiling principles, in the third quarter 2025, Shell will recognise an adjustment to reduce the pension fund surplus (June 30, 2025: $5,521 million) to nil, and recognise a liability for a minimum funding requirement estimated at $750 million, resulting in a loss in Other Comprehensive Income. In addition, a net deferred tax liability of $1,617 million will be unwound, leading to an overall net post-tax loss of $4,654 million recognised in Other Comprehensive Income resulting in an increase in gearing of 0.4 percentage points. Subsequently, at the date of transition and settlement (expected December 31, 2026), the surplus at that date will be de-recognised, resulting in an identified loss in the Consolidated Statement of Income. The extent to which the funding level will meet the agreed 125% threshold is subject to uncertainty and the asset ceiling recognised will continue to be monitored in accordance with IAS 19 Employee Benefits.

             Page 29


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE (NON-GAAP) MEASURES

    A.Adjusted Earnings, Adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortisation (“Adjusted EBITDA”) and Cash flow from operating activities

    The “Adjusted Earnings” measure aims to facilitate a comparative understanding of Shell’s financial performance from period to period by removing the effects of oil price changes on inventory carrying amounts and removing the effects of identified items. These items are in some cases driven by external factors and may, either individually or collectively, hinder the comparative understanding of Shell’s financial results from period to period. This measure excludes earnings attributable to non-controlling interest when presenting the total Shell Group result but includes these items when presenting individual segment Adjusted Earnings as set out in the table below.

    See Note 2 “Segment information” for the reconciliation of Adjusted Earnings.

    We define “Adjusted EBITDA” as “Income/(loss) for the period” adjusted for current cost of supplies; identified items; tax charge/(credit); depreciation, amortisation and depletion; exploration well write-offs and net interest expense. All items include the non-controlling interest component. Management uses this measure to evaluate Shell’s performance in the period and over time.

                                                   
     
    Q2 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Adjusted Earnings             4,264
    Add: Non-controlling interest             50
    Adjusted Earnings plus non-controlling interest 1,737 1,732 1,199 118 (9) (463) 4,314
    Add: Taxation charge/(credit) excluding tax impact of identified items 497 2,205 413 (103) 20 (217) 2,815
    Add: Depreciation, depletion and amortisation excluding impairments 1,585 2,353 557 872 90 6 5,463
    Add: Exploration well write-offs 3 203 206
    Add: Interest expense excluding identified items 53 171 12 16 2 820 1,074
    Less: Interest income 26 39 2 492 559
    Adjusted EBITDA 3,875 6,638 2,181 864 102 (346) 13,313
    Less: Current cost of supplies adjustment before taxation     104 333     436
    Joint ventures and associates (dividends received less profit) 92 1,542 161 70 10 1,876
    Derivative financial instruments 542 25 13 3 (66) 410 928
    Taxation paid (967) (1,948) (132) (87) (60) (238) (3,432)
    Other (265) (413) 533 471 142 (395) 74
    (Increase)/decrease in working capital 352 655 67 383 (128) (1,715) (386)
    Cash flow from operating activities 3,629 6,500 2,718 1,372 1 (2,283) 11,937
                                                   
     
    Q1 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Adjusted Earnings             5,577
    Add: Non-controlling interest             94
    Adjusted Earnings plus non-controlling interest 2,483 2,337 900 449 (42) (457) 5,670
    Add: Taxation charge/(credit) excluding tax impact of identified items 803 2,619 391 99 63 (191) 3,784
    Add: Depreciation, depletion and amortisation excluding impairments 1,404 2,213 566 852 90 6 5,130
    Add: Exploration well write-offs 29 28
    Add: Interest expense excluding identified items 51 200 12 14 2 841 1,119
    Less: Interest income 4 11 4 2 461 481
    Adjusted EBITDA 4,735 7,387 1,869 1,410 111 (261) 15,250
    Less: Current cost of supplies adjustment before taxation     52 (67)     (15)
    Joint ventures and associates (dividends received less profit) (286) (159) 203 54 10 (178)
    Derivative financial instruments 542 14 10 (508) (169) 73 (38)
    Taxation paid (773) (1,999) (174) 63 52 (68) (2,900)
    Other (68) (386) 396 125 (17) (257) (206)
    (Increase)/decrease in working capital (687) (913) (344) (1,081) 380 (19) (2,663)
    Cash flow from operating activities 3,463 3,945 1,907 130 367 (531) 9,281

             Page 30


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                   
     
    Q2 2024 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Adjusted Earnings             6,293
    Add: Non-controlling interest             122
    Adjusted Earnings plus non-controlling interest 2,675 2,336 1,082 1,085 (187) (576) 6,415
    Add: Taxation charge/(credit) excluding tax impact of identified items 940 2,312 359 297 (10) 49 3,947
    Add: Depreciation, depletion and amortisation excluding impairments 1,375 2,750 548 867 95 6 5,642
    Add: Exploration well write-offs 5 264 269
    Add: Interest expense excluding identified items 44 166 10 23 1 904 1,149
    Less: Interest income (1) 30 (9) 595 616
    Adjusted EBITDA 5,039 7,829 1,999 2,242 (91) (213) 16,806
    Less: Current cost of supplies adjustment before taxation     74 59     133
    Joint ventures and associates (dividends received less profit) 96 (288) (54) 46 64 (135)
    Derivative financial instruments (133) 9 7 304 607 (79) 713
    Taxation paid (1,039) (1,955) (17) (186) (138) (113) (3,448)
    Other (104) (341) (57) 263 180 20 (38)
    (Increase)/decrease in working capital 324 484 153 (361) 225 (1,083) (258)
    Cash flow from operating activities 4,183 5,739 1,958 2,249 847 (1,468) 13,508
                                                   
     
    Half year 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Adjusted Earnings             9,841
    Add: Non-controlling interest             144
    Adjusted Earnings plus non-controlling interest 4,220 4,068 2,100 567 (51) (920) 9,984
    Add: Taxation charge/(credit) excluding tax impact of identified items 1,299 4,824 804 (3) 83 (408) 6,599
    Add: Depreciation, depletion and amortisation excluding impairments 2,988 4,566 1,123 1,724 180 13 10,593
    Add: Exploration well write-offs 3 232 234
    Add: Interest expense excluding identified items 104 371 24 29 4 1,661 2,193
    Less: Interest income 4 37 1 43 3 953 1,040
    Adjusted EBITDA 8,610 14,024 4,049 2,274 213 (607) 28,563
    Less: Current cost of supplies adjustment before taxation     156 266     422
    Joint ventures and associates (dividends received less profit) (194) 1,384 365 124 20 1,698
    Derivative financial instruments 1,084 39 23 (504) (235) 484 891
    Taxation paid (1,741) (3,946) (306) (24) (8) (306) (6,331)
    Other (332) (799) 928 597 126 (651) (132)
    (Increase)/decrease in working capital (335) (257) (277) (698) 252 (1,734) (3,049)
    Cash flow from operating activities 7,092 10,445 4,625 1,502 368 (2,814) 21,218
                                                   
     
    Half year 2024 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Adjusted Earnings             14,027
    Add: Non-controlling interest             192
    Adjusted Earnings plus non-controlling interest 6,354 4,270 1,863 2,700 (24) (944) 14,219
    Add: Taxation charge/(credit) excluding tax impact of identified items 1,936 4,834 717 635 (9) (42) 8,071
    Add: Depreciation, depletion and amortisation excluding impairments 2,785 5,477 1,084 1,737 201 12 11,296
    Add: Exploration well write-offs 13 811 823
    Add: Interest expense excluding identified items 87 335 22 40 2 1,825 2,312
    Less: Interest income 9 44 (5) 1,155 1,204
    Adjusted EBITDA 11,175 15,717 3,686 5,068 175 (304) 35,517
    Less: Current cost of supplies adjustment before taxation     (79) (148)     (227)
    Joint ventures and associates (dividends received less profit) (101) (834) 38 102 78 (717)
    Derivative financial instruments (1,213) 5 (32) (98) 2,585 (228) 1,019
    Taxation paid (1,506) (3,757) (191) (205) (382) (23) (6,064)
    Other (59) (572) 337 (115) 151 124 (135)
    (Increase)/decrease in working capital 599 905 (639) (3,000) 706 (1,581) (3,010)
    Cash flow from operating activities 8,895 11,466 3,277 1,900 3,313 (2,013) 26,838

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    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    Identified items

    The objective of identified items is to remove material impacts on net income/loss arising from transactions which are generally uncontrollable and unusual (infrequent or non-recurring) in nature or giving rise to a mismatch between accounting and economic results, or certain transactions that are generally excluded from underlying results in the industry.

    Identified items comprise: divestment gains and losses, impairments and impairment reversals, redundancy and restructuring, fair value accounting of commodity derivatives and certain gas contracts that gives rise to a mismatch between accounting and economic results, the impact of exchange rate movements and inflationary adjustments on certain deferred tax balances, and other items.

    See Note 2 “Segment information” for details.

    B.    Adjusted Earnings per share

    Adjusted Earnings per share is calculated as Adjusted Earnings (see Reference A), divided by the weighted average number of shares used as the basis for basic earnings per share (see Note 3).

    C.    Cash capital expenditure

    Cash capital expenditure represents cash spent on maintaining and developing assets as well as on investments in the period. Management regularly monitors this measure as a key lever to delivering sustainable cash flows. Cash capital expenditure is the sum of the following lines from the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows: Capital expenditure, Investments in joint ventures and associates and Investments in equity securities.

    See Note 2 “Segment information” for the reconciliation of cash capital expenditure.

    D.    Capital employed and Return on average capital employed

    Return on average capital employed (“ROACE”) measures the efficiency of Shell’s utilisation of the capital that it employs.

    The measure refers to Capital employed which consists of total equity, current debt, and non-current debt reduced by cash and cash equivalents.

    In this calculation, the sum of Adjusted Earnings (see Reference A) plus non-controlling interest (NCI) excluding identified items for the current and previous three quarters, adjusted for after-tax interest expense and after-tax interest income, is expressed as a percentage of the average capital employed excluding cash and cash equivalents for the same period.

                           
     
    $ million Quarters
      Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024
    Current debt 10,849 11,046 12,114
    Non-current debt 64,619 68,886 72,252
    Total equity 187,190 188,304 192,094
    Less: Cash and cash equivalents (38,148) (39,949) (45,094)
    Capital employed – opening 224,511 228,286 231,366
    Current debt 10,457 11,391 10,849
    Non-current debt 65,218 65,120 64,619
    Total equity 183,088 180,670 187,190
    Less: Cash and cash equivalents (32,682) (35,601) (38,148)
    Capital employed – closing 226,081 221,580 224,511
    Capital employed – average 225,296 224,933 227,939

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    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                           
     
    $ million Quarters
      Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024
    Adjusted Earnings – current and previous three quarters (Reference A) 19,529 21,558 27,558
    Add: Income/(loss) attributable to NCI – current and previous three quarters 351 441 409
    Add: Current cost of supplies adjustment attributable to NCI – current and previous three quarters 25 25 (25)
    Less: Identified items attributable to NCI (Reference A) – current and previous three quarters 0 18 7
    Adjusted Earnings plus NCI excluding identified items – current and previous three quarters 19,904 22,005 27,935
    Add: Interest expense after tax – current and previous three quarters 2,577 2,639 2,650
    Less: Interest income after tax on cash and cash equivalents – current and previous three quarters 1,206 1,329 1,395
    Adjusted Earnings plus NCI excluding identified items before interest expense and interest income – current and previous three quarters 21,274 23,315 29,190
    Capital employed – average 225,296 224,933 227,939
    ROACE on an Adjusted Earnings plus NCI basis 9.4% 10.4% 12.8%

    E.    Net debt and gearing

    Net debt is defined as the sum of current and non-current debt, less cash and cash equivalents, adjusted for the fair value of derivative financial instruments used to hedge foreign exchange and interest rate risk relating to debt, and associated collateral balances. Management considers this adjustment useful because it reduces the volatility of net debt caused by fluctuations in foreign exchange and interest rates, and eliminates the potential impact of related collateral payments or receipts. Debt-related derivative financial instruments are a subset of the derivative financial instrument assets and liabilities presented on the balance sheet. Collateral balances are reported under “Trade and other receivables” or “Trade and other payables” as appropriate.

    Gearing is a measure of Shell’s capital structure and is defined as net debt (total debt less cash and cash equivalents) as a percentage of total capital (net debt plus total equity).

                           
     
    $ million  
      June 30, 2025 March 31, 2025 June 30, 2024
    Current debt 10,457    11,391    10,849   
    Non-current debt 65,218    65,120    64,619   
    Total debt 75,675    76,511    75,468   
    Of which: Lease liabilities 28,955    28,488    25,600   
    Add: Debt-related derivative financial instruments: net liability/(asset) 589    1,905    2,460   
    Add: Collateral on debt-related derivatives: net liability/(asset) (366)   (1,295)   (1,466)  
    Less: Cash and cash equivalents (32,682)   (35,601)   (38,148)  
    Net debt 43,216    41,521    38,314   
    Total equity 183,088    180,670    187,190   
    Total capital 226,304    222,190    225,505   
    Gearing 19.1  % 18.7  % 17.0  %

    F.    Operating expenses and Underlying operating expenses

    Operating expenses

    Operating expenses is a measure of Shell’s cost management performance, comprising the following items from the Consolidated Statement of Income: production and manufacturing expenses; selling, distribution and administrative expenses; and research and development expenses.

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    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                                   
       
    Q2 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Production and manufacturing expenses 899 1,940 179 1,459 431 4,909
    Selling, distribution and administrative expenses 30 43 2,319 441 138 106 3,077
    Research and development 36 71 49 38 23 61 278
    Operating expenses 965 2,055 2,547 1,939 592 168 8,265
                                                   
       
    Q1 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Production and manufacturing expenses 947 2,139 349 1,621 486 8 5,549
    Selling, distribution and administrative expenses 38 42 2,053 442 153 111 2,840
    Research and development 22 32 42 25 21 43 185
    Operating expenses 1,006 2,213 2,444 2,088 661 162 8,575
                                                   
       
    Q2 2024 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Production and manufacturing expenses 1,050 2,219 320 1,573 422 10 5,593
    Selling, distribution and administrative expenses 64 62 2,295 293 279 101 3,094
    Research and development 32 61 47 37 24 62 263
    Operating expenses 1,146 2,341 2,662 1,902 725 173 8,950
                                                   
       
    Half year 2025 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Production and manufacturing expenses 1,846 4,079 528 3,080 916 8 10,459
    Selling, distribution and administrative expenses 67 85 4,371 884 292 218 5,917
    Research and development 57 103 92 63 44 104 464
    Operating expenses 1,971 4,268 4,991 4,027 1,253 330 16,840
                                                   
       
    Half year 2024 $ million
      Integrated Gas Upstream Marketing Chemicals and Products Renewables and Energy Solutions Corporate Total
    Production and manufacturing expenses 2,006 4,487 685 3,207 1,001 16 11,403
    Selling, distribution and administrative expenses 126 120 4,483 713 437 190 6,069
    Research and development 58 119 81 71 36 111 475
    Operating expenses 2,190 4,726 5,249 3,990 1,475 317 17,947

    Underlying operating expenses

    Underlying operating expenses is a measure aimed at facilitating a comparative understanding of performance from period to period by removing the effects of identified items, which, either individually or collectively, can cause volatility, in some cases driven by external factors.

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    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                       
         
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    8,265    8,575    8,950    Operating expenses 16,840    17,947   
    (119)   (44)   (210)   Redundancy and restructuring (charges)/reversal (162)   (283)  
    (1)   (101)   (212)   (Provisions)/reversal (102)   (212)  
    —    23    123    Other 23    252   
    (120)   (121)   (299)   Total identified items (241)   (242)  
    8,145    8,453    8,651    Underlying operating expenses 16,598    17,704   

    G.    Free cash flow and Organic free cash flow

    Free cash flow is used to evaluate cash available for financing activities, including dividend payments and debt servicing, after investment in maintaining and growing the business. It is defined as the sum of “Cash flow from operating activities” and “Cash flow from investing activities”.

    Cash flows from acquisition and divestment activities are removed from Free cash flow to arrive at the Organic free cash flow, a measure used by management to evaluate the generation of free cash flow without these activities.

                                       
     
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    11,937    9,281    13,508    Cash flow from operating activities 21,218    26,838   
    (5,406)   (3,959)   (3,338)   Cash flow from investing activities (9,365)   (6,866)  
    6,531    5,322    10,170    Free cash flow 11,853    19,972   
    (36)   597    769    Less: Divestment proceeds (Reference I) 560    1,794   
    98    45    —    Add: Tax paid on divestments (reported under “Other investing cash outflows”) 143       
    792    130    189    Add: Cash outflows related to inorganic capital expenditure1 921    251   
    7,458    4,899    9,590    Organic free cash flow2 12,357    18,429   

    1.Cash outflows related to inorganic capital expenditure includes portfolio actions which expand Shell’s activities through acquisitions and restructuring activities as reported in capital expenditure lines in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.

    2.Free cash flow less divestment proceeds, adding back outflows related to inorganic expenditure.

    H.    Cash flow from operating activities excluding working capital movements

    Working capital movements are defined as the sum of the following items in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows: (i) (increase)/decrease in inventories, (ii) (increase)/decrease in current receivables, and (iii) increase/(decrease) in current payables.

    Cash flow from operating activities excluding working capital movements is a measure used by Shell to analyse its operating cash generation over time excluding the timing effects of changes in inventories and operating receivables and payables from period to period.

                                       
     
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    11,937    9,281    13,508    Cash flow from operating activities 21,218    26,838   
    (27)   854    (954)   (Increase)/decrease in inventories 827    (1,562)  
    3,635    (2,610)   1,965    (Increase)/decrease in current receivables 1,025    1,770   
    (3,994)   (907)   (1,269)   Increase/(decrease) in current payables (4,901)   (3,218)  
    (386)   (2,663)   (258)   (Increase)/decrease in working capital (3,049)   (3,010)  
    12,323    11,944    13,766    Cash flow from operating activities excluding working capital movements 24,267    29,848   

    I.    Divestment proceeds

    Divestment proceeds represent cash received from divestment activities in the period. Management regularly monitors this measure as a key lever to deliver free cash flow.

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    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

                                       
     
    Quarters $ million Half year
    Q2 2025 Q1 2025 Q2 2024   2025 2024
    (57)   559 710 Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment and businesses 502 1,033
      33 57 Proceeds from joint ventures and associates from sale, capital reduction and repayment of long-term loans 34 190
    19    5 2 Proceeds from sale of equity securities 24 570
    (36)   597 769 Divestment proceeds 560 1,794

    J.    Structural cost reduction

    The structural cost reduction target is used for the purpose of demonstrating how management drives cost discipline across the entire organisation, simplifying our processes and portfolio, and streamlining the way we work.

    Structural cost reduction describes the decrease in underlying operating expenses (see Reference F above) as a result of operational efficiencies, divestments, workforce reductions and other cost-saving measures that are expected to be sustainable compared with 2022 levels.

    The total change between periods in underlying operating expenses will reflect both structural cost reductions and other changes in spend, including market factors, such as inflation and foreign exchange impacts, as well as changes in activity levels and costs associated with new operations.

    Structural cost reductions are stewarded internally to support management’s oversight of spending over time. The 2028 target reflects annualised saving achieved by end-2028.

               
       
      $ million
    Structural cost reduction up to second quarter 2025 compared with 2022 levels (3,905)  
       
    Underlying operating expenses 2024 35,707
    Underlying operating expenses 2022 39,456
    Total decrease in Underlying operating expenses (3,749)  
    Of which:  
    Structural cost reductions (3,119)  
    Change in Underlying operating expenses excluding structural cost reduction (630)  
       
    Underlying operating expenses first half 2025 16,598
    Underlying operating expenses first half 2024 17,704   
    Total decrease in Underlying operating expenses (1,106)  
    Of which:  
    Structural cost reductions (786)  
    Change in Underlying operating expenses excluding structural cost reduction (320)  

             Page 36


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

    The principal risks and uncertainties affecting Shell are described in the Risk management and risk factors section of the Annual Report and Accounts (pages 134 to 144) and Form 20-F (pages 25 to 34) for the year ended December 31, 2024 and are summarised below. There are no material changes expected in those Risk Factors for the remaining six months of the financial year.

    1.Portfolio risks

    We are exposed to risks that could adversely affect the resilience of our overall portfolio of businesses. These include external risks such as macroeconomic risks, including fluctuating commodity prices and competitive forces. Our future performance depends on the successful development and deployment of new technologies that provide new products and solutions. In addition, our future hydrocarbon production depends on the delivery of integrated projects and our ability to replace proved oil and gas reserves. Many of our major projects and operations are conducted in joint arrangements or with associates. This could reduce our degree of control and our ability to identify and manage risks.

    2.Climate change and the energy transition

    Rising concerns about climate change and the effects of the energy transition pose multiple risks to Shell, including declines in the demand for and prices of our products, commercial risks from growing our low-carbon business, and adverse litigation and regulatory developments. The physical impacts of climate change could also adversely affect our assets and supply chains.

    3.Country risks

    We operate in more than 70 countries which have differing degrees of political, legal and fiscal stability. This has exposed, and could expose, us to a wide range of political developments that could result in changes to contractual terms, laws and regulations.

    4.Financial risks

    We are exposed to treasury risks, including liquidity risk, interest rate risk, foreign exchange risk and credit risk. We are affected by the global macroeconomic environment and the conditions of financial markets. These, and changes to certain demographic factors, also impact our pension assets and liabilities.

    5.Trading risks

    We are exposed to market, regulatory and conduct risks in our trading operations.

    6.Health, safety, security and the environment

    The nature of our operations exposes us, and the communities in which we work, to a wide range of health, safety, security and environment risks.

    7.Information technology and cybersecurity risks

    We rely heavily on information technology systems in our operations.

    8.Litigation and regulatory compliance

    Violations of laws carry fines and could expose us and/or our employees to criminal sanctions and civil suits. We have faced, and could also face, the risk of litigation and disputes worldwide.

    9.Reputation and risks to our licence to operate

    An erosion of our business reputation could have a material adverse effect on our brand, on our ability to secure new hydrocarbon or low-carbon opportunities, to access capital markets, and to attract and retain people, and on our licence to operate.

    10.Our people and culture

    The successful delivery of our strategy is dependent on our people and on a culture that aligns to our goals and reflects the changes we need to make as part of the energy transition.

    11.Other (generally applicable to an investment in securities)

    The Company’s Articles of Association determine the jurisdiction for shareholder disputes. This could limit shareholder remedies.

             Page 37


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    2025 PORTFOLIO DEVELOPMENTS

    Integrated Gas

    In March 2025, we completed the previously announced acquisition of 100% of the shares in Pavilion Energy Pte. Ltd. (Pavilion Energy). Pavilion Energy, headquartered in Singapore, operates a global LNG trading business with contracted supply volume of approximately 6.5 million tonnes per annum (mtpa).

    In June 2025, we announced that the first cargo of liquefied natural gas (LNG) had left the LNG Canada facility on the west coast of Canada. Shell has a 40% working interest in the LNG Canada joint venture. Located in Kitimat, British Columbia, the facility will export LNG from two processing units or “trains” with a total capacity of 14 million tonnes per annum (mtpa).

    Upstream

    In January 2025, we announced the start of production at the Shell-operated Whale floating production facility in the Gulf of America. The Whale development is owned by Shell (60%, operator) and Chevron U.S.A. Inc. (40%).

    In February 2025, we announced production restart at the Penguins field in the UK North Sea with a modern floating, production, storage and offloading (FPSO) facility (Shell 50%, operator; NEO Energy 50%). The previous export route for this field was via the Brent Charlie platform, which ceased production in 2021 and is being decommissioned.

    In March 2025, we completed the sale of SPDC to Renaissance, as announced in January 2024.

    In March 2025, we announced the Final Investment Decision (FID) for Gato do Mato, a deep-water project in the pre-salt area of the Santos Basin, offshore Brazil. The Gato do Mato Consortium includes Shell (operator, 50%), Ecopetrol (30%), TotalEnergies (20%) and Pré-Sal Petróleo S.A. (PPSA) acting as the manager of the production sharing contract (PSC).

    In May 2025, we completed the previously announced agreement to increase our working interest in the Shell-operated Ursa platform in the Gulf of America from 45.39% to 61.35%.

    In May 2025, we announced the start of production at the floating production storage and offloading facility (FPSO) Alexandre de Gusmão in the Mero field in the Santos Basin offshore Brazil. The unitized Mero field is operated by Petrobras (38.6%), in partnership with Shell Brasil (19.3%), TotalEnergies (19.3%), CNPC (9.65%), CNOOC (9.65%) and Pré-Sal Petróleo S.A. (PPSA) (3.5%) representing the Government in the non-contracted area.

    In May 2025, we signed an agreement to acquire a 12.5% interest in the OML 118 Production Sharing Contract (OML 118 PSC) from TotalEnergies EP Nigeria Limited. Upon completion, Shell’s working interest in the OML 118 PSC is expected to increase from 55% to a maximum of 67.5%.

    Chemicals and Products

    In January 2025, CNOOC and Shell Petrochemicals Company Limited (CSPC), a 50:50 joint venture between Shell and CNOOC Petrochemicals Investment Ltd, took an FID to expand its petrochemical complex in Daya Bay, Huizhou, south China.

    In April 2025, we completed the previously announced sale of our Energy and Chemicals Park in Singapore to CAPGC Pte. Ltd. (CAPGC), a joint venture between Chandra Asri Capital Pte. Ltd. and Glencore Asian Holdings Pte. Ltd.

    In April 2025, we agreed to sell our 16.125% interest in Colonial Enterprises, Inc. (“Colonial”) to Colossus AcquireCo LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Brookfield Infrastructure Partners L.P. and its institutional partners (collectively, “Brookfield”), for $1.45 billion. The transaction is subject to regulatory approvals and is expected to close in the fourth quarter of 2025.

    Renewables and Energy Solutions

    In January 2025, we completed the previously announced acquisition of a 100% equity stake in RISEC Holdings, LLC, which owns a 609-megawatt (MW) two-unit combined-cycle gas turbine power plant in Rhode Island, USA.

             Page 38


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT

    It is confirmed that to the best of our knowledge: (a) the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”) and as adopted by the UK; (b) the interim management report includes a fair review of the information required by Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rule (DTR) 4.2.7R (indication of important events during the first six months of the financial year, and their impact on the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements, and description of principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the financial year); and (c) the interim management report includes a fair review of the information required by DTR 4.2.8R (disclosure of related parties transactions and changes thereto).

    The Directors of Shell plc are shown on pages 152 to 155 in the Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended December 31, 2024.

    On behalf of the Board

                                 
    Wael Sawan   Sinead Gorman    
    Chief Executive Officer   Chief Financial Officer    
    July 31, 2025   July 31, 2025    

             Page 39


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    INDEPENDENT REVIEW REPORT TO SHELL PLC

    Conclusion

    We have been engaged by Shell plc to review the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements (“Interim Statements”) and half year unaudited results (“half-yearly financial report”) for the six months ended June 30, 2025, which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Income, the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and Notes 1 to 9. We have read the other information contained in the half-yearly financial report and considered whether it contains any apparent misstatements or material inconsistencies with the information in the Interim Statements.

    Based on our review, nothing has come to our attention that causes us to believe that the Interim Statements in the half-yearly financial report for the six months ended June 30, 2025 are not prepared, in all material respects, in accordance with UK adopted International Accounting Standard 34 and the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules of the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority.

    Basis for Conclusion

    We conducted our review in accordance with International Standard on Review Engagements (“ISRE”) 2410 (UK), “Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity” (ISRE) issued by the Financial Reporting Council. A review of interim financial information consists of making enquiries, primarily of persons responsible for financial and accounting matters, and applying analytical and other review procedures. A review is substantially less in scope than an audit conducted in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) and consequently does not enable us to obtain assurance that we would become aware of all significant matters that might be identified in an audit. Accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion.

    As disclosed in Note 1, Shell’s annual financial statements are prepared in accordance with UK adopted international accounting standards. The Interim Statements included in the half-yearly financial report have been prepared in accordance with UK adopted International Accounting Standard 34 “Interim Financial Reporting”.

    Conclusions Relating to Going Concern

    Based on our review procedures, which are less extensive than those performed in an audit as described in the Basis of Conclusion section of this report, nothing has come to our attention to suggest that management have inappropriately adopted the going concern basis of accounting or that management have identified material uncertainties relating to going concern that are not appropriately disclosed.

    This conclusion is based on the review procedures performed in accordance with this ISRE, however future events or conditions may cause the entity to cease to continue as a going concern.

    Responsibilities of the Directors

    The Directors are responsible for preparing the half-yearly financial report in accordance with the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules of the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority.

    In preparing the half-yearly financial report, the Directors are responsible for assessing the company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

    Auditor’s Responsibilities for the review of the financial information

    In reviewing the half-yearly financial report, we are responsible for expressing to Shell plc a conclusion on the Interim Statements in the half-yearly financial report. Our conclusion, including our Conclusions Relating to Going Concern are based on procedures that are less extensive than audit procedures, as described in the Basis for Conclusion paragraph of this report.

    Use of our report

    This report is made solely to Shell plc in accordance with guidance contained in the International Standard on Review Engagements 2410 (UK) “Review of Interim Financial Information Performed by the Independent Auditor of the Entity” issued by the Financial Reporting Council. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than Shell plc, for our work, for this report, or for the conclusions we have formed.

    Ernst & Young LLP

    London

    July 31, 2025

             Page 40


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    CAUTIONARY STATEMENT

    All amounts shown throughout this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report are unaudited. All peak production figures in Portfolio Developments are quoted at 100% expected production. The numbers presented throughout this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report may not sum precisely to the totals provided and percentages may not precisely reflect the absolute figures, due to rounding.

    The companies in which Shell plc directly and indirectly owns investments are separate legal entities. In this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report, “Shell”, “Shell Group” and “Group” are sometimes used for convenience to reference Shell plc and its subsidiaries in general. Likewise, the words “we”, “us” and “our” are also used to refer to Shell plc and its subsidiaries in general or to those who work for them. These terms are also used where no useful purpose is served by identifying the particular entity or entities. ‘‘Subsidiaries’’, “Shell subsidiaries” and “Shell companies” as used in this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report, refer to entities over which Shell plc either directly or indirectly has control. The terms “joint venture”, “joint operations”, “joint arrangements”, and “associates” may also be used to refer to a commercial arrangement in which Shell has a direct or indirect ownership interest with one or more parties. The term “Shell interest” is used for convenience to indicate the direct and/or indirect ownership interest held by Shell in an entity or unincorporated joint arrangement, after exclusion of all third-party interest.

    Forward-Looking statements

    This Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report contains forward-looking statements (within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995) concerning the financial condition, results of operations and businesses of Shell. All statements other than statements of historical fact are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are statements of future expectations that are based on management’s current expectations and assumptions and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results, performance or events to differ materially from those expressed or implied in these statements. Forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements concerning the potential exposure of Shell to market risks and statements expressing management’s expectations, beliefs, estimates, forecasts, projections and assumptions. These forward-looking statements are identified by their use of terms and phrases such as “aim”; “ambition”; ‘‘anticipate’’; “aspire”, “aspiration”, ‘‘believe’’; “commit”; “commitment”; ‘‘could’’; “desire”; ‘‘estimate’’; ‘‘expect’’; ‘‘goals’’; ‘‘intend’’; ‘‘may’’; “milestones”; ‘‘objectives’’; ‘‘outlook’’; ‘‘plan’’; ‘‘probably’’; ‘‘project’’; ‘‘risks’’; “schedule”; ‘‘seek’’; ‘‘should’’; ‘‘target’’; “vision”; ‘‘will’’; “would” and similar terms and phrases. There are a number of factors that could affect the future operations of Shell and could cause those results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements included in this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report, including (without limitation): (a) price fluctuations in crude oil and natural gas; (b) changes in demand for Shell’s products; (c) currency fluctuations; (d) drilling and production results; (e) reserves estimates; (f) loss of market share and industry competition; (g) environmental and physical risks, including climate change; (h) risks associated with the identification of suitable potential acquisition properties and targets, and successful negotiation and completion of such transactions; (i) the risk of doing business in developing countries and countries subject to international sanctions; (j) legislative, judicial, fiscal and regulatory developments including tariffs and regulatory measures addressing climate change; (k) economic and financial market conditions in various countries and regions; (l) political risks, including the risks of expropriation and renegotiation of the terms of contracts with governmental entities, delays or advancements in the approval of projects and delays in the reimbursement for shared costs; (m) risks associated with the impact of pandemics, regional conflicts, such as the Russia-Ukraine war and the conflict in the Middle East, and a significant cyber security, data privacy or IT incident; (n) the pace of the energy transition; and (o) changes in trading conditions. No assurance is provided that future dividend payments will match or exceed previous dividend payments. All forward-looking statements contained in this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section. Readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Additional risk factors that may affect future results are contained in Shell plc’s Form 20-F and amendment thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024 (available at www.shell.com/investors/news-and-filings/sec-filings.html and www.sec.gov). These risk factors also expressly qualify all forward-looking statements contained in this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report and should be considered by the reader. Each forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date of this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report, July 31, 2025. Neither Shell plc nor any of its subsidiaries undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or other information. In light of these risks, results could differ materially from those stated, implied or inferred from the forward-looking statements contained in this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report.

    Shell’s net carbon intensity

    Also, in this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report we may refer to Shell’s “net carbon intensity” (NCI), which includes Shell’s carbon emissions from the production of our energy products, our suppliers’ carbon emissions in supplying energy for that production and our customers’ carbon emissions associated with their use of the energy products we sell. Shell’s NCI also includes the emissions associated with the production and use of energy products produced by others which Shell purchases for resale. Shell only controls its own emissions. The use of the terms Shell’s “net carbon intensity” or NCI is for convenience only and not intended to suggest these emissions are those of Shell plc or its subsidiaries.

    Shell’s net-zero emissions target

    Shell’s operating plan and outlook are forecasted for a three-year period and ten-year period, respectively, and are updated every year. They reflect the current economic environment and what we can reasonably expect to see over the next three and ten years. Accordingly, the outlook reflects our Scope 1, Scope 2 and NCI targets over the next ten years. However, Shell’s operating plan and outlook cannot reflect our 2050 net-zero emissions target, as this target is outside our planning period. Such future operating plans and outlooks could include changes to our portfolio, efficiency improvements and the use of carbon capture and storage and carbon credits. In the future, as society moves towards net-zero emissions, we expect Shell’s operating plans and outlooks to reflect this movement. However, if society is not net zero in 2050, as of today, there would be significant risk that Shell may not meet this target.

    Forward-Looking non-GAAP measures

    This Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report may contain certain forward-looking non-GAAP measures such as cash capital expenditure and Adjusted Earnings. We are unable to provide a reconciliation of these forward-looking non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP financial measures because certain information needed to reconcile those non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP financial measures is dependent on future events some of which are outside the control of Shell, such as oil and gas prices, interest rates and exchange rates. Moreover, estimating such GAAP measures with the required precision necessary to provide a meaningful reconciliation is extremely difficult and could not be accomplished without unreasonable effort. Non-GAAP measures in respect of future periods which cannot be reconciled to the most comparable GAAP financial measure are calculated in a manner which is consistent with the accounting policies applied in Shell plc’s consolidated financial statements.

    The contents of websites referred to in this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report do not form part of this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report.

             Page 41


    SHELL PLC
    2nd QUARTER 2025 AND HALF YEAR UNAUDITED RESULTS

    We may have used certain terms, such as resources, in this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report that the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) strictly prohibits us from including in our filings with the SEC. Investors are urged to consider closely the disclosure in our Form 20-F and any amendment thereto, File No 1-32575, available on the SEC website www.sec.gov.

    This announcement contains inside information.

    July 31, 2025

         
    The information in this Unaudited Condensed Interim Financial Report reflects the unaudited consolidated financial position and results of Shell plc. Company No. 4366849, Registered Office: Shell Centre, London, SE1 7NA, England, UK.

    Contacts:

    – Sean Ashley, Company Secretary

    – Media: International +44 (0) 207 934 5550; U.S. and Canada: https://www.shell.us/about-us/news-and-insights/media/submit-an-inquiry.html

    LEI number of Shell plc: 21380068P1DRHMJ8KU70

    Classification: Half yearly financial reports and audit reports / limited reviews; Inside Information

             Page 42

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI: Shell plc publishes second quarter 2025 press release

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    London, July 31, 2025

    “Shell generated robust cash flows reflecting strong operational performance in a less favourable macro environment​. We continued to deliver on our strategy by enhancing our deep-water portfolio in Nigeria and Brazil, and achieved a key milestone by shipping the first cargo from LNG Canada.

    Our continued focus on performance, discipline and simplification helped deliver $3.9 billion of structural cost reductions since 2022, with the majority delivered through non-portfolio actions. This focus enables us to commence another $3.5 billion of buybacks for the next three months, the 15th consecutive quarter of at least $3 billion in buybacks.”

    Shell plc Chief Executive Officer, Wael Sawan

    ROBUST CASH GENERATION; STRONG OPERATIONAL PERFORMANCE

    • Adjusted Earnings1 of $4.3 billion despite lower trading contribution in a weaker margin environment.
    • Robust CFFO of $11.9 billion, supported by strong operational performance, enables commencement of another $3.5 billion share buyback programme for the next three months.
    • Strong balance sheet, with gearing of 19%. 2025 cash capex outlook unchanged at $20 – 22 billion. Total shareholder distributions paid over the last 4 quarters were 46% of CFFO.
    • Achieved $0.8 billion of structural cost reductions in the first half of 2025, of which $0.5 billion is through non-portfolio actions; cumulative reductions since 2022 are $3.9 billion, against CMD25 target of $5 – 7 billion by end of 2028.
    • First cargo shipped from LNG Canada, strengthening our leading LNG position and supporting our ambition to achieve LNG sales cumulative annual growth rate of 4 – 5% to 2030.
    • Further enhanced peer-leading deep-water position with start-up of Mero-4 (Brazil) and announced increase of interests in Gato do Mato (Brazil) and Bonga (Nigeria); continued to high-grade Downstream and R&ES portfolio.
    $ million1 Adj. Earnings Adj. EBITDA CFFO Cash capex
    Integrated Gas 1,737 3,875 3,629 1,196
    Upstream 1,732 6,638 6,500 2,826
    Marketing 1,199 2,181 2,718 429
    Chemicals & Products2 118 864 1,372 775
    Renewables & Energy Solutions (R&ES) (9) 102 1 555
    Corporate (463) (346) (2,283) 36
    Less: Non-controlling interest (NCI) 50      
    Shell Q2 2025 4,264 13,313 11,937 5,817
    Q1 2025 5,577 15,250 9,281 4,175

    1Income/(loss) attributable to shareholders for Q2 2025 is $3.6 billion. Reconciliation of non-GAAP measures can be found in the unaudited results, available at www.shell.com/investors.
    2Chemicals & Products Adjusted Earnings at a subsegment level are as follows – Chemicals $(0.2) billion and Products $0.3 billion.

    • CFFO excluding working capital of $12.3 billion is helped by derivative inflows and JV dividends received.
    • Working capital outflow of $0.4 billion reflects a reduction in JV deposits. $1.7 billion of the JV dividends received were previously held in deposit in the Corporate segment.
    • Net debt excluding leases is $14.3 billion.
    $ billion1 Q2 2024 Q3 2024 Q4 2024 Q1 2025 Q2 2025
    Working capital (0.3) 2.7 2.4 (2.7) (0.4)
    Divestment proceeds 0.8 0.2 0.8 0.6 (0.0)
    Free cash flow 10.2 10.8 8.7 5.3 6.5
    Net debt 38.3 35.2 38.8 41.5 43.2

    1Reconciliation of non-GAAP measures can be found in the unaudited results, available at www.shell.com/investors.

    Q2 2025 FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE DRIVERS

    INTEGRATED GAS

    Key data Q1 2025 Q2 2025 Q3 2025 outlook
    Realised liquids price ($/bbl) 64 60
    Realised gas price ($/thousand scf) 7.4 7.2
    Production (kboe/d) 927 913 910 – 970
    LNG liquefaction volumes (MT) 6.6 6.7 6.7 – 7.3
    LNG sales volumes (MT) 16.5 17.8
    • Adjusted Earnings were lower than in Q1 2025, reflecting lower prices and significantly lower trading and optimisation results.

    UPSTREAM

    Key data Q1 2025 Q2 2025 Q3 2025 outlook
    Realised liquids price ($/bbl) 71 64
    Realised gas price ($/thousand scf) 7.4 6.9
    Liquids production (kboe/d) 1,335 1,334
    Gas production (million scf/d) 3,020 2,310
    Total production (kboe/d) 1,855 1,732 1,700 – 1,900
    • Adjusted Earnings were lower than in Q1 2025, reflecting lower prices.

    MARKETING

    Key data Q1 2025 Q2 2025 Q3 2025 outlook
    Marketing sales volumes (kb/d) 2,674 2,813 2,600 – 3,100
    Mobility (kb/d) 1,964 2,044
    Lubricants (kb/d) 87 85
    Sectors & Decarbonisation (kb/d) 623 684
    • Adjusted Earnings were higher than in Q1 2025, driven mainly by improved Mobility unit margins and seasonally higher volumes.

    CHEMICALS & PRODUCTS

    Key data Q1 2025 Q2 2025 Q3 2025 outlook
    Refinery processing intake (kb/d) 1,362 1,156
    Chemicals sales volumes (kT) 2,813 2,164
    Refinery utilisation (%) 85 94 88 – 96
    Chemicals manufacturing plant utilisation (%) 81 72 78 – 86
    Indicative refining margin (Updated1 $/bbl) 6.2 8.9
    Indicative chemical margin (Updated1 $/t) 126 166

    1Q2 2025 indicative margins reflect the divestment of Singapore Energy and Chemicals (E&C) Park.
    Q2 2025 indicative margins if including Singapore E&C Park would have been: Refining – 7.5$/bbl, Chemicals – 143$/t.

    • Adjusted Earnings were lower than in Q1 2025 with significantly lower trading and optimisation results, reflecting a disconnect between market volatility and supply-demand fundamentals. Chemicals results were impacted by unplanned downtime and a continued weak margin environment.

    RENEWABLES & ENERGY SOLUTIONS

    Key data Q1 2025 Q2 2025
    External power sales (TWh) 76 70
    Sales of pipeline gas to end-use customers (TWh) 184 132
    Renewables power generation capacity (GW)* 7.5 7.6
    • in operation (GW)
    3.5 3.9
    • under construction and/or committed for sale (GW)
    4.0 3.8

    *Excludes Shell’s equity share of associates where information cannot be obtained.

    • Adjusted Earnings were in line with Q1 2025 with seasonally lower trading and marketing margins, offset by lower opex.

    Renewables and Energy Solutions includes activities such as renewable power generation, the marketing and trading and optimisation of power and pipeline gas, as well as carbon credits, and digitally enabled customer solutions. It also includes the production and marketing of hydrogen, development of commercial carbon capture and storage hubs, investment in nature-based projects that avoid or reduce carbon emissions, and Shell Ventures, which invests in companies that work to accelerate the energy and mobility transformation.

    CORPORATE

    Key data Q1 2025 Q2 2025 Q3 2025 outlook
    Adjusted Earnings ($ billion) (0.5) (0.5) (0.7) – (0.5)

    UPCOMING INVESTOR EVENTS

    October 30, 2025 Third quarter 2025 results and dividends

    USEFUL LINKS

    Results materials Q2 2025
    Quarterly Databook Q2 2025
    Webcast registration Q2 2025
    Dividend announcement Q2 2025
    Capital Markets Day 2025 materials

    ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE (NON-GAAP) MEASURES

    This announcement includes certain measures that are calculated and presented on the basis of methodologies other than in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) such as IFRS, including Adjusted Earnings, Adjusted EBITDA, CFFO excluding working capital movements, free cash flow, Divestment proceeds and Net debt. This information, along with comparable GAAP measures, is useful to investors because it provides a basis for measuring Shell plc’s operating performance and ability to retire debt and invest in new business opportunities. Shell plc’s management uses these financial measures, along with the most directly comparable GAAP financial measures, in evaluating the business performance.

    This announcement may contain certain forward-looking non-GAAP measures such as Adjusted Earnings and divestments. We are unable to provide a reconciliation of these forward-looking non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP financial measures because certain information needed to reconcile the non-GAAP measures to the most comparable GAAP financial measures is dependent on future events some of which are outside the control of the company, such as oil and gas prices, interest rates and exchange rates. Moreover, estimating such GAAP measures with the required precision necessary to provide a meaningful reconciliation is extremely difficult and could not be accomplished without unreasonable effort. Non-GAAP measures in respect of future periods which cannot be reconciled to the most comparable GAAP financial measure are estimated in a manner which is consistent with the accounting policies applied in Shell plc’s consolidated financial statements.

    CAUTIONARY STATEMENT

    The companies in which Shell plc directly and indirectly owns investments are separate legal entities. In this announcement, “Shell”, “Shell Group” and “Group” are sometimes used for convenience to reference Shell plc and its subsidiaries in general. Likewise, the words “we”, “us” and “our” are also used to refer to Shell plc and its subsidiaries in general or to those who work for them. These terms are also used where no useful purpose is served by identifying the particular entity or entities. “Subsidiaries”, “Shell subsidiaries” and “Shell companies” as used in this announcement refer to entities over which Shell plc either directly or indirectly has control. The terms “joint venture”, “joint operations”, “joint arrangements”, and “associates” may also be used to refer to a commercial arrangement in which Shell has a direct or indirect ownership interest with one or more parties. The term “Shell interest” is used for convenience to indicate the direct and/or indirect ownership interest held by Shell in an entity or unincorporated joint arrangement, after exclusion of all third-party interest.

    This announcement contains forward-looking statements (within the meaning of the U.S. Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995) concerning the financial condition, results of operations and businesses of Shell. All statements other than statements of historical fact are, or may be deemed to be, forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are statements of future expectations that are based on management’s current expectations and assumptions and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results, performance or events to differ materially from those expressed or implied in these statements. Forward-looking statements include, among other things, statements concerning the potential exposure of Shell to market risks and statements expressing management’s expectations, beliefs, estimates, forecasts, projections and assumptions. These forward-looking statements are identified by their use of terms and phrases such as “aim”; “ambition”; “anticipate”; “aspire”; “aspiration”; ‘‘believe’’; “commit”; “commitment”; ‘‘could’’; “desire”; ‘‘estimate’’; ‘‘expect’’; ‘‘goals’’; ‘‘intend’’; ‘‘may’’; “milestones”; ‘‘objectives’’; ‘‘outlook’’; ‘‘plan’’; ‘‘probably’’; ‘‘project’’; ‘‘risks’’; “schedule”; ‘‘seek’’; ‘‘should’’; ‘‘target’’; “vision”; ‘‘will’’; “would” and similar terms and phrases. There are a number of factors that could affect the future operations of Shell and could cause those results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements included in this announcement, including (without limitation): (a) price fluctuations in crude oil and natural gas; (b) changes in demand for Shell’s products; (c) currency fluctuations; (d) drilling and production results; (e) reserves estimates; (f) loss of market share and industry competition; (g) environmental and physical risks, including climate change; (h) risks associated with the identification of suitable potential acquisition properties and targets, and successful negotiation and completion of such transactions; (i) the risk of doing business in developing countries and countries subject to international sanctions; (j) legislative, judicial, fiscal and regulatory developments including tariffs and regulatory measures addressing climate change; (k) economic and financial market conditions in various countries and regions; (l) political risks, including the risks of expropriation and renegotiation of the terms of contracts with governmental entities, delays or advancements in the approval of projects and delays in the reimbursement for shared costs; (m) risks associated with the impact of pandemics, regional conflicts, such as the Russia-Ukraine war and the conflict in the Middle East, and a significant cyber security, data privacy or IT incident; (n) the pace of the energy transition; and (o) changes in trading conditions. No assurance is provided that future dividend payments will match or exceed previous dividend payments. All forward-looking statements contained in this announcement are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained or referred to in this section. Readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements. Additional risk factors that may affect future results are contained in Shell plc’s Form 20-F and amendment thereto for the year ended December 31, 2024 (available at www.shell.com/investors/news-and-filings/sec-filings.html and www.sec.gov). These risk factors also expressly qualify all forward-looking statements contained in this announcement and should be considered by the reader. Each forward-looking statement speaks only as of the date of this announcement, July 31, 2025. Neither Shell plc nor any of its subsidiaries undertake any obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or other information. In light of these risks, results could differ materially from those stated, implied or inferred from the forward-looking statements contained in this announcement.

    All amounts shown throughout this announcement are unaudited. The numbers presented throughout this announcement may not sum precisely to the totals provided and percentages may not precisely reflect the absolute figures, due to rounding.

    Shell’s Net Carbon Intensity

    Also, in this  announcement, we may refer to Shell’s “net carbon intensity” (NCI), which includes Shell’s carbon emissions from the production of our energy products, our suppliers’ carbon emissions in supplying energy for that production and our customers’ carbon emissions associated with their use of the energy products we sell. Shell’s NCI also includes the emissions associated with the production and use of energy products produced by others which Shell purchases for resale. Shell only controls its own emissions. The use of the terms Shell’s “net carbon intensity” or NCI is for convenience only and not intended to suggest these emissions are those of Shell plc or its subsidiaries.

    Shell’s Net-Zero Emissions Target

    Shell’s operating plan and outlook are forecasted for a three-year period and ten-year period, respectively, and are updated every year. They reflect the current economic environment and what we can reasonably expect to see over the next three and ten years. Accordingly, the outlook reflects our Scope 1, Scope 2 and NCI targets over the next ten years. However, Shell’s operating plan and outlook cannot reflect our 2050 net-zero emissions target, as this target is outside our planning period. Such future operating plans and outlooks could include changes to our portfolio, efficiency improvements and the use of carbon capture and storage and carbon credits. In the future, as society moves towards net-zero emissions, we expect Shell’s operating plans and outlooks to reflect this movement. However, if society is not net zero in 2050, as of today, there would be significant risk that Shell may not meet this target.

    The content of websites referred to in this announcement does not form part of this announcement.

    We may have used certain terms, such as resources, in this announcement that the United States Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) strictly prohibits us from including in our filings with the SEC. Investors are urged to consider closely the disclosure in our Form 20-F and any amendment thereto, File No 1-32575, available on the SEC website www.sec.gov.

    The financial information presented in this announcement does not constitute statutory accounts within the meaning of section 434(3) of the Companies Act 2006 (the “Act”). Statutory accounts for the year ended December 31, 2024 were published in Shell’s Annual Report and Accounts, a copy of which was delivered to the Registrar of Companies for England and Wales. The auditor’s report on those accounts was unqualified, did not include a reference to any matters to which the auditor drew attention by way of emphasis without qualifying the report and did not contain a statement under sections 498(2) or 498(3) of the Act.

    The information in this announcement does not constitute the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements which are contained in Shell’s second quarter 2025 unaudited results available on www.shell.com/investors.

    CONTACTS

    • Media: International +44 207 934 5550; U.S. and Canada: Contact form

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Written question – Exemption for temporary construction emissions and depositions for sustainable projects – P-003051/2025

    Source: European Parliament

    Priority question for written answer  P-003051/2025
    to the Commission
    Rule 144
    Tom Berendsen (PPE)

    In its resolution on the Clean Industrial Deal (2025/2656 (RSP)), Parliament expressly called on the Commission to introduce a temporary exemption for construction emissions and depositions for clean and net-zero projects and storage and grid infrastructure. The Draghi report also makes reference to the need for this.[1]

    In several Member States, including the Netherlands, sustainable projects for CCS infrastructure, green hydrogen production or grid reinforcement, for instance, are being delayed or blocked because of permit requirements in connection with construction emissions or deposition (nitrogen-related for the most part).[2] This stems from European legislation and needs to be resolved urgently.[3]

    Emissions and deposition during construction are temporary and, in most instances, are no more than ‘negligible’[4] while, over time, the sustainable projects themselves actually lead to substantial reductions in CO₂ and nitrogen emissions. Current European legislation in this area is therefore hampering the necessary speeding up of the energy transition for industry and of the process of making industry sustainable.

    • 1.Does the Commission agree that there should be exemptions for temporary construction emissions and depositions for sustainable projects?
    • 2.Is the Commission considering making specific proposals along those lines, for example in the prospective European Grids Package and/or the Industrial Decarbonisation Accelerator Act?
    • 3.If so, on what timescale is a proposal to be expected?

    Submitted: 23.7.2025

    • [1] The Draghi report (Part A), p. 50; the Draghi report (Part B), p. 33.
    • [2] See inter alia ‘Volkskrant’, ‘Groen licht voor CO2-opslag onder Noordzee, milieuactivisten verliezen strijd tegen Porthos-project’ (16.8.2023); ‘L1 Nieuws’, ‘Provincie zet vergunning waterstoffabriek door, ondanks negatief advies’ (7.5.2025); De Telegraaf, ‘Netbeheerder: zeker 317 uitbreidingsprojecten in gevaar door stikstofregels, tekort stroom dreigt’ (21.4.2025).
    • [3] Such as the Habitats Directive, the Birds Directive and the Environmental Impact Assessment Directive.
    • [4] See, for example, Council of State, Ruling 202107079/2/R4, para. 15-15.11.
    Last updated: 31 July 2025

    MIL OSI Europe News

  • MIL-OSI: Vema Hydrogen Names Energy Veteran Jim Kueser Chief Financial Officer

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    HOUSTON, July 31, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Today, Vema Hydrogen, developer of a disruptive renewable hydrogen production technology, announced that energy veteran Jim Kueser has joined as Chief Financial Officer. The strategic addition will help advance the company’s expansion across the U.S. and global markets, providing sustainable alternatives to support global energy demand.

    As CFO, Jim will lead Vema’s financial unit, including the financing of projects, the ongoing raise of capital as well as joining the leadership team responsible for navigating the long-term strategic roadmap for financing the company. Over the course of three decades of global energy infrastructure and finance experience, he has led 30+ energy infrastructure transactions totaling over $2.9 billion in deployed capital. His expertise will be key as Vema looks to continue its capital campaign and commence the financing of projects to advance its business platform.

    “As the energy sector pivots towards clean fuels and feedstocks, and as demand continues to escalate with the emerging appetite of power-hungry AI data centers, Vema’s hydrogen technology is positioned to be a long-term, low-cost solution,” said Jim Kueser, CFO at Vema. “From decades spent scaling energy companies, I’m eager to support Vema’s ambitious approach to hydrogen production that will make a lasting impact on clean energy supply.”

    Kueser previously co-founded four separate energy startups and led numerous private equity campaigns. His global energy sector tenure includes leading development, M&A, financing, capital-raise and portfolio optimization via investments in EU, Asia, Central America and the Caribbean.

    “With our recent funding, we are making incredible progress in pioneering Engineered Mineral Hydrogen to provide a scalable pathway for clean hydrogen in the U.S.,” said Pierre Levin, CEO of Vema Hydrogen. “As we enter our next phase of development – taking our laboratory R&D to the market – Jim will be central to ensuring that we are progressing financially to produce and supply clean hydrogen that can provide low-carbon energy for centuries to come.”

    About Vema Hydrogen
    Vema Hydrogen has developed a novel approach for the predictable production of cheap and clean hydrogen: Engineered Mineral Hydrogen. Vema’s technological breakthrough de-risks hydrogen production with precise location targeting and predictable, controlled manufacturing, which makes hydrogen a viable pathway for clean energy production. More https://www.vema.earth/.

    Media Contacts
    Mission Control for Vema Hydrogen
    vema@missionc2.com

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Health and safety regulations to support science and technology

    Source: New Zealand Government

    Workplace Relations and Safety Minister Brooke van Velden is consulting on proposed changes to health and safety regulations to better support innovation in New Zealand’s science and technology sector.  

    “As part of the wider health and safety reforms, we’re clearing the way for scientific progress by reducing complexity and making it easier to understand what’s required,” says Ms van Velden.   

    “We’ve heard that the current regulations don’t match what university laboratories do, creating unnecessary compliance challenges. Researchers and innovators need a system that supports their work, not one that stands in the way.”  

    I am proposing a change that aims to match hazardous substances requirements for university laboratories as well as science and technology laboratories with their actual risk.  

    Current regulations require flammable substance laboratories to be on the ground floor. However, universities often place them on upper levels to improve fire safety and security, keeping evacuation routes clear and limiting access to hazardous materials. This approach, supported by Fire and Emergency New Zealand, does not align with how the regulations are currently written.  

    “I’m developing these changes to ensure they are practical and effectively support New Zealand’s science and technology sector. This includes assessing whether the current laboratory design and hazardous substances storage requirements work for their laboratories.  

    “We’ll be consulting directly with the university laboratories and science and technology laboratories. I intend to complete these changes by mid-2026.”  

    Another key change already being consulted on aims to remove regulatory barriers to the development and use of hydrogen technologies.  

    “We’re planning to update the rules to support the safe development and use of hydrogen technologiesin a way that’s flexible, future-proofed, and internationally aligned.”  

    Officials have already conducted targeted consultation, and now we’re opening it more widely to ensure all interested stakeholders have the opportunity to share their feedback. 

    Because the current safety requirements were not developed with hydrogen in mind, they are now preventing the safe development and use of hydrogen technologies.   

    Key changes being consulted on include:  

    Enabling the use of hydrogen storage containers that are already in common use overseas. 
    Establishing safety requirements for cryogenic liquid hydrogen. 
    Introducing safety requirements for hydrogen filling stations and dispensers.  

    “Hydrogen technologies could transform sectors from transport to manufacturing, and these changes will help unlock that potential by removing regulatory barriers.”  

    These changes support the Government’s 2024 Hydrogen Action Plan by creating an enabling regulatory environment for hydrogen development while maintaining safety. The changes are expected to be completed by mid-2026.  

    “Once agreed, these updates will remove unnecessary complexity and ensure the regulatory system better supports scientific research and emerging technologies,” says Ms van Velden.   

    “These changes will save time and costs for businesses and workers as we cut red tape to make it easier to do business. When our Kiwi businesses thrive, there are more jobs and lower prices for all New Zealanders.” 

    MIL OSI New Zealand News

  • MIL-OSI USA: NASA’s Webb Traces Details of Complex Planetary Nebula

    Source: NASA

    Since their discovery in the late 1700s, astronomers have learned that planetary nebulae, or the expanding shell of glowing gas expelled by a low-intermediate mass star late in its life, can come in all shapes and sizes. Most planetary nebula present as circular, elliptical, or bi-polar, but some stray from the norm, as seen in new high-resolution images of planetary nebulae by NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope.
    Webb’s newest look at planetary nebula NGC 6072 in the near- and mid-infrared shows what may appear as a very messy scene resembling splattered paint. However, the unusual, asymmetrical appearance hints at more complicated mechanisms underway, as the star central to the scene approaches the very final stages of its life and expels shells of material, losing up to 80 percent of its mass. Astronomers are using Webb to study planetary nebulae to learn more about the full life cycle of stars and how they impact their surrounding environments.

    First, taking a look at the image from Webb’s NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera), it’s readily apparent that this nebula is multi-polar. This means there are several different elliptical outflows jetting out either way from the center, one from 11 o’clock to 5 o’clock, another from 1 o’clock to 7 o’clock, and possibly a third from 12 o’clock to 6 o’clock. The outflows may compress material as they go, resulting in a disk seen perpendicular to it.
    Astronomers say this is evidence that there are likely at least two stars at the center of this scene. Specifically, a companion star is interacting with an aging star that had already begun to shed some of its outer layers of gas and dust.
    The central region of the planetary nebula glows from the hot stellar core, seen as a light blue hue in near-infrared light. The dark orange material, which is made up of gas and dust, follows pockets or open areas that appear dark blue. This clumpiness could be created when dense molecular clouds formed while being shielded from hot radiation from the central star. There could also be a time element at play. Over thousands of years, inner fast winds could be ploughing through the halo cast off from the main star when it first started to lose mass.

    The longer wavelengths captured by Webb’s MIRI (Mid-Infrared Instrument) are highlighting dust, revealing the star researchers suspect could be central to this scene. It appears as a small pinkish-whitish dot in this image.
    Webb’s look in the mid-infrared wavelengths also reveals concentric rings expanding from the central region, the most obvious circling just past the edges of the lobes.
    This may be additional evidence of a secondary star at the center of the scene hidden from our view. The secondary star, as it circles repeatedly around the original star, could have carved out rings of material in a bullseye pattern as the main star was expelling mass during an earlier stage of its life.
    The rings may also hint at some kind of pulsation that resulted in gas or dust being expelled uniformly in all directions separated by say, thousands of years.
    The red areas in NIRCam and blue areas in MIRI both trace cool molecular gas (likely molecular hydrogen) while central regions trace hot ionized gas.
    As the star at the center of a planetary nebula cools and fades, the nebula will gradually dissipate into the interstellar medium — contributing enriched material that helps form new stars and planetary systems, now containing those heavier elements.
    Webb’s imaging of NGC 6072 opens the door to studying how the planetary nebulae with more complex shapes contribute to this process.
    The James Webb Space Telescope is the world’s premier space science observatory. Webb is solving mysteries in our solar system, looking beyond to distant worlds around other stars, and probing the mysterious structures and origins of our universe and our place in it. Webb is an international program led by NASA with its partners, ESA (European Space Agency) and CSA (Canadian Space Agency).
    To learn more about Webb, visit:
    https://science.nasa.gov/webb
    Downloads
    View/Download all image products at all resolutions for this article from the Space Telescope Science Institute.

    Laura Betz – laura.e.betz@nasa.govNASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md.
    Hannah Braun – hbraun@stsci.eduSpace Telescope Science Institute, Baltimore, Md.

    View more Webb planetary nebula images
    Learn more about planetary nebula
    Interactive: Explore the Helix Nebula planetary nebula
    Watch ViewSpace videos about planetary nebulas
    More Webb News
    More Webb Images
    Webb Science Themes
    Webb Mission Page

    What is the Webb Telescope?
    SpacePlace for Kids
    En Español
    Ciencia de la NASA
    NASA en español 
    Space Place para niños

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Capito: The OBBB Delivers Tax Relief for West Virginians

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for West Virginia Shelley Moore Capito

    WASHINGTON, D.C. – The One Big Beautiful Bill prevents what could have been the largest tax increase in history for working- and middle-class Americans. By permanently extending and expanding on the successful Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA), passed during President Trump’s first term, Senate Republicans are delivering on their promise to foster an environment of economic growth and increase affordability for American families.

    “The One Big Beautiful Bill delivers the largest tax cut in history to hardworking people in West Virginia and across the country. That means that West Virginia families not only get to keep more of their hard-earned paychecks, but they will see their take-home pay increase by thousands of dollars. These tax cuts will also help small businesses grow and hire more people, leading to greater economic growth and more opportunity,” Senator Capito said.

    West Virginia Wins:

    • Around 400 thousand seniors in West Virginia could benefit from the no taxes on social security.
    • 5% of the labor force is employed in occupations that will benefit from the no taxes on tips.
    • Establishes a $6,000 bonus deduction for seniors. 
    • Establishes a permanent small business deduction and increases Section 179, Small Business Expensing Cap from $1.25 million to $2.5 million. 
    • Extends the Hydrogen Tax Credit (945V) until January 1, 2028, which will save Hydrogen Hubs across the country, including West Virginia’s ARCH2 project. 
    • Permanently restores 163j interest deductibility beginning after December 31, 2024, which will provide West Virginia’s small business owners the tools they need to compete, grow, and hire.

    What Others Are Saying:

    “The One Big Beautiful Bill Act is a landmark victory for West Virginia’s small businesses. By making the Small Business Tax Deduction permanent, Congress delivered the certainty that Main Street needs, allowing small business owners to continue to create jobs, grow their business, and invest in their communities. With the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, Senator Capito along with both Chambers of Congress, have strengthened the foundation of our economy and provided a boost not just for small businesses, but a boost for the entire country,” Gil White, NFIB West Virginia State Director, said.

    “Senator Capito has always been a champion and leader for West Virginia’s hospitality and tourism industry, which is an economic driver that employs thousands of West Virginia workers and welcomes millions of visitors to our great state annually. We are thankful for Senator Capito’s support of key provisions in the One Big, Beautiful Bill that will positively impact our restaurant, lodging, and tourism industry members. Important policies included in the bill – such as ‘no tax or tips’ and ‘no taxes on overtime,” full expensing of capital equipment purchases, qualified business income deductions, and permanent family and medical leave credits – provide much-needed benefits to hospitality and tourism employees and regulatory and tax certainty for small business owners that will allow tourism to continue as an economic powerhouse for West Virginia,” Richie Heath, Executive Director of the West Virginia Hospitality and Travel Association, said.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI: Baker Hughes to Acquire Chart Industries, Accelerating Energy & Industrial Technology Strategy

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    • Significant step high-grades the portfolio and adds value accretive customer offerings, transforms Baker Hughes’ Industrial & Energy Technology segment
    • Chart Industries brings differentiated capabilities across a diverse set of end markets advantaged by secular growth drivers such as natural gas, data centers and decarbonization
    • Highly complementary capabilities enable enhanced value-creation solutions for customers across the lifecycle of projects and accelerate aftermarket growth through increased service penetration of combined installed base
    • $325 million in annualized cost synergies expected to be realized at end of third year
    • Compelling financial impact, as it is accretive to growth, margins, EPS and cash flow
    • Baker Hughes to host conference call today to discuss the transaction at 8:30 a.m. ET / 7:30 a.m. CT

    HOUSTON and LONDON and ATLANTA, July 29, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Baker Hughes (NASDAQ: BKR) and Chart Industries (NYSE: GTLS) (“Chart”) announced Tuesday they have entered into a definitive agreement under which Baker Hughes will acquire all outstanding shares of Chart’s common stock for $210 per share in cash, equivalent to a total enterprise value of $13.6 billion.

    Chart is a global leader in the design, engineering and manufacturing of process technologies and equipment for gas and liquid molecule handling across a broad range of industrial and energy end markets. Chart’s highly differentiated products and solutions are used in every phase of the liquid gas supply chain, from engineering and design to installation, preventative maintenance to repair and service, as well as ongoing digital monitoring. A technology leader in its markets, Chart generated $4.2 billion in revenue and $1.0 billion adjusted EBITDA in 2024. It operates 65 manufacturing locations with over 50 service centers globally.

    “This acquisition is a milestone for Baker Hughes and a testament to our strong financial execution and strategic focus as we continue to define our position as a leading energy and industrial technology company,” said Baker Hughes Chairman and CEO Lorenzo Simonelli. “We know Chart well, having worked alongside them on many critical energy infrastructure projects. Their products and services are highly complementary to our offerings and strongly aligned with our intent to deliver distinctive and efficient end-to-end lifecycle solutions for our customers across their most critical applications. The combination positions Baker Hughes to be a technology leader that can provide engineering and technology expertise to meet the growing demand for lower-carbon, efficient energy and industrial solutions across attractive growth markets such as LNG, data centers and New Energy.

    “The acquisition also delivers compelling financial returns for our shareholders. Adding this high-growth, high-margin business to our Industrial & Energy Technology segment will deliver strong earnings accretion and returns, contributing to an improved growth and margin profile,” Simonelli said. “We look forward to welcoming Chart into the Baker Hughes organization and, together, achieving even greater success and driving long-term value for shareholders.”

    “This all-cash transaction with Baker Hughes delivers immediate value to Chart shareholders,” said Chart President and CEO Jill Evanko. “Thanks to the outstanding work of our global OneChart team, we have successfully built a product and solution portfolio that spans front-end engineering design through aftermarket services. The Baker Hughes team shares our engineering-focused culture and commitment to operational excellence. Our complementary solutions fit seamlessly with Baker Hughes’ Industrial & Energy Technology segment, and together we can help our customers solve the most critical energy access and sustainability needs. Our Board is proud to deliver this outcome to our shareholders.”

    Compelling Strategic and Financial Benefits

    • Advances Baker Hughes’ Strategic Vision to be an Energy & Industrial Technology Leader: Chart and Baker Hughes together bring a highly differentiated set of capabilities to solve complex energy challenges and support customers’ sustainability goals – positioning the combined company as a leader in a lower-carbon, more resource-efficient future.
    • Expands Baker Hughes’ Offerings in Attractive Growth Markets: Chart’s offering is well positioned to deepen Baker Hughes’ exposure to attractive high-growth markets, including data centers, space and New Energy. The acquisition also broadens Baker Hughes’ exposure to more durable industrial sectors including industrial gas, metals and mining, and food and beverage, significantly increasing Baker Hughes’ addressable market and through-cycle growth potential.
    • Complementary Product Capabilities: Each company has distinctive products and solutions that together improve customer value proposition. Baker Hughes’ core competencies in rotating equipment, flow control and digital technology pair well with Chart’s competencies in heat transfer, air and gas handling, and process technologies.
    • Strengthens Baker Hughes’ Lifecycle Revenue Mix: The combined company will have a large and structurally growing installed base creating opportunities to drive growth in high-value aftermarket products and services, as well as digital services using Chart’s Uptime digital platform. Baker Hughes’ expansive service footprint is expected to increase service rates for Chart’s installed base driving more profitable, recurring revenue across the combined portfolio.
    • Delivers Substantial Synergies: Baker Hughes has identified $325 million of annualized cost synergy opportunities by the end of year three. Baker Hughes intends to drive productivity improvements by leveraging Baker Hughes’ scale in manufacturing and consolidating the companies’ supply chains, as well as optimizing costs across the SG&A and R&D functions. Baker Hughes’ confidence in realizing these synergies is supported by the continued success of its business system, a key driver of IET margin expansion over the past three years.
    • Attractive Financial Profile and Returns for Shareholders: The transaction is expected to be immediately accretive to growth, margins and cash flow, with double-digit EPS accretion in the first full year after the transaction closes. Chart’s differentiated position in attractive and growing markets is expected to deliver sustainable underlying growth that will be accretive to Baker Hughes’ through-cycle growth profile. The combination of strong growth, attractive margins and the synergy potential to expand operating margins meet all of Baker Hughes’ return criteria, including double-digit ROIC.

    Transaction Details & Approvals
    Under the terms of the agreement, Chart shareholders will receive $210 per share of common stock in cash. The purchase price represents an enterprise value of $13.6 billion, and a multiple of ~9x Chart Consensus 2025 EBITDA on a fully synergized basis.

    Baker Hughes has secured fully committed bridge debt financing to fund the transaction, provided by Goldman Sachs Bank USA, Goldman Sachs Lending Partners LLC, and Morgan Stanley Senior Funding, Inc., which is expected to be replaced with permanent debt financing prior to close. Baker Hughes remains committed to maintaining its A credit rating and will use its strong free cash flow and expected divestiture proceeds to support debt reduction while maintaining, and growing over time, its strong dividend. Baker Hughes projects net leverage at close will be 2.25x and will de-lever to 1.0-1.5x net leverage within 24 months after close. Flexibility will be maintained on share repurchases until leverage reaches the 1.0-1.5x target, after which Baker Hughes intends to return 60-80% of FCF to shareholders.

    The Boards of Directors of Baker Hughes and Chart have each unanimously approved the transaction, and the Chart Board of Directors has unanimously recommended that Chart shareholders approve the transaction. The transaction is subject to customary conditions, including approval by Chart shareholders, and the receipt of applicable regulatory approvals. The transaction is expected to be completed by mid-year 2026.

    Advisers
    Goldman Sachs & Co. LLC, Centerview Partners LLC, and Morgan Stanley & Co. LLC are serving as financial advisers to Baker Hughes, and Cleary Gottlieb Steen & Hamilton LLP, and WilmerHale are serving as legal advisers. Wells Fargo is serving as financial adviser to Chart, and Winston & Strawn is serving as legal adviser.

    Investor Conference Call and Presentation
    Baker Hughes will host a conference call to discuss the transaction on July 29 at 8:30 a.m. ET, 7:30 a.m. CT. The conference call will be broadcast live via a webcast and can be accessed by visiting the Events and Presentations page on the company’s website at: investors.bakerhughes.com. Those who wish to dial in may call 1-800-343-1703 (U.S.) or 1-785-424-1226 (international) and enter passcode 52472. An archived version of the webcast will be available on the website for one month following the webcast.

    About Baker Hughes
    Baker Hughes (NASDAQ: BKR) is an energy technology company that provides solutions to energy and industrial customers worldwide. Built on a century of experience and conducting business in over 120 countries, our innovative technologies and services are taking energy forward – making it safer, cleaner and more efficient for people and the planet. Visit us at bakerhughes.com

    About Chart Industries, Inc.
    Chart Industries, Inc. is a global leader in the design, engineering, and manufacturing of process technologies and equipment for gas and liquid molecule handling for the Nexus of Clean™ – clean power, clean water, clean food, and clean industrials, regardless of molecule. The company’s unique product and solution portfolio across stationary and rotating equipment is used in every phase of the liquid gas supply chain, including engineering, service and repair and from installation to preventive maintenance and digital monitoring. Chart is a leading provider of technology, equipment and services related to liquefied natural gas, hydrogen, biogas and CO2 capture amongst other applications. Chart is committed to excellence in environmental, social and corporate governance issues both for its company as well as its customers. With 64 global manufacturing locations and over 50 service centers from the United States to Asia, Australia, India, Europe and South America, the company maintains accountability and transparency to its team members, suppliers, customers and communities. To learn more, visit www.chartindustries.com.

    For more information, please contact:

    Media Relations

    Baker Hughes
    Adrienne M. Lynch
    +1 713-906-8407
    adrienne.lynch@bakerhughes.com

    Chart Industries
    Jim Golden / Jude Gorman / Jack Kelleher
    Collected Strategies
    Chart-CS@collectedstrategies.com

    Investor Relations

    Baker Hughes
    Chase Mulvehill
    +1 346-297-2561
    investor.relations@bakerhughes.com

    Chart Industries
    John Walsh
    1-770-721-8899
    john.walsh@chartindustries.com

    Forward Looking Statements
    This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (each a “forward-looking statement”). All statements, other than historical facts, including statements regarding the presentation of Baker Hughes’ operations in future reports and any assumptions underlying any of the foregoing, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements concern future circumstances and results and other statements that are not historical facts and are sometimes identified by the words “may,” “will,” “should,” “potential,” “intend,” “expect,” “would,” “seek,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “overestimate,” “underestimate,” “believe,” “could,” “project,” “predict,” “continue,” “target,” “goal” or other similar words or expressions. Forward-looking statements are based upon current plans, estimates and expectations that are subject to risks, uncertainties and assumptions. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary materially from those indicated or anticipated by such forward-looking statements. The inclusion of such statements should not be regarded as a representation that such plans, estimates or expectations will be achieved. Factors that could cause actual results to differ include, but are not limited to: Baker Hughes’ ability to consummate the proposed transaction with Chart (the “Proposed Transaction”); Baker Hughes and Chart obtaining the regulatory approvals required for the Proposed Transaction on the terms expected or on the anticipated schedule or at all; the failure to satisfy other conditions to the completion of the Proposed Transaction, including the receipt of Chart stockholder approval; Baker Hughes’ ability to finance the Proposed Transaction; Baker Hughes’ indebtedness, including the substantial indebtedness Baker Hughes expects to incur in connection with the Proposed Transaction and the need to generate sufficient cash flows to service and repay such debt; the possibility that Baker Hughes may be unable to achieve expected synergies and operating efficiencies from the Proposed Transaction within the expected time-frames or at all and to successfully integrate Chart’s operations with those of Baker Hughes; such integration may be more difficult, time-consuming or costly than expected; operating costs, customer loss and business disruption (including, without limitation, difficulties in retaining or maintaining relationships with employees, customers or suppliers) may be greater than expected following the Proposed Transaction or the public announcement of the Proposed Transaction; Baker Hughes and Chart being subject to competition and increased competition is expected in the future; general economic conditions that are less favorable than expected; the potential for litigation related to the Proposed Transaction. Other important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from such plans, estimates or expectations include, among others, the risk factors identified in the “Risk Factors” section of Part 1 of Item 1A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, which was filed with the SEC on February 4, 2025, and those set forth from time-to-time in other filings by Baker Hughes with the SEC. Additional risks that may affect Chart’s results of operations are identified in the “Risk Factors” section of Part 1 of Item 1A of Chart’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, which was filed with the SEC on February 28, 2025, and those set forth from time-to-time in other filings by Chart with the SEC. These documents are available through our website or through the SEC’s Electronic Data Gathering and Analysis Retrieval (EDGAR) system at http://www.sec.gov.

    Any forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this press release. Neither Baker Hughes nor Chart undertakes any obligation to update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information or developments, future events or otherwise, except as required by law. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any of these forward-looking statements.

    No Offer or Solicitation

    This communication shall not constitute an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to sell or the solicitation of an offer to buy any securities, nor shall there be any sale of securities in any jurisdiction in which such offer, solicitation or sale would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such jurisdiction. No offer of securities shall be made except by means of a prospectus meeting the requirements of Section 10 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

    Important Additional Information

    This communication may be deemed to be solicitation material in respect of the proposed merger transaction between Chart and Baker Hughes. In connection therewith, Chart intends to file relevant materials with the SEC, including a proxy statement of Chart (the “proxy statement”) that will be mailed to Chart stockholders seeking their approval of its transaction-related proposals. However, such documents are not currently available. BEFORE MAKING ANY VOTING OR ANY INVESTMENT DECISION, INVESTORS AND SECURITY HOLDERS ARE URGED TO READ THE PROXY STATEMENT REGARDING THE PROPOSED TRANSACTION AND ANY OTHER RELEVANT DOCUMENTS FILED OR TO BE FILED WITH THE SEC CAREFULLY AND IN THEIR ENTIRETY WHEN THEY BECOME AVAILABLE BECAUSE THEY WILL CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE PROPOSED TRANSACTION AND THE PARTIES TO THE PROPOSED TRANSACTION. Investors and security holders may obtain free copies of the proxy statement and other documents containing important information about each of Chart and Baker Hughes, once such documents are filed with the SEC, through the website maintained by the SEC at www.sec.gov. Copies of documents filed with the SEC by Chart will be available free of charge on Chart’s website at ir.chartindustries.com.

    Participants in the Solicitation

    Chart and its directors and executive officers may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies from Chart’s stockholders in respect of the proposed transaction. Information regarding Chart’s directors and executive officers, including a description of their direct interests, by security holdings or otherwise, is contained in Chart’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on February 28, 2025, and its proxy statement filed with the SEC on April 8, 2025. To the extent holdings of Chart’s securities by its directors or executive officers have changed since the amounts set forth in Chart’s 2025 proxy statement, such changes have been or will be reflected on Initial Statements of Beneficial Ownership of Securities on Form 3, Statements of Changes in Beneficial Ownership on Form 4 or Annual Statements of Changes in Beneficial Ownership of Securities on Form 5 subsequently filed with the SEC. Additional information regarding the interests of such participants in the solicitation of proxies in respect of the proposed merger transaction will be included in the proxy statement and other relevant materials to be filed with the SEC when they become available. These documents (when available) can be obtained free of charge from the sources indicated above.

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Designs unveiled for Newcastle green energy precinct

    Source: Workplace Gender Equality Agency

    The final concept designs have been unveiled for the Port of Newcastle’s Clean Energy Precinct, which will establish the Hunter region as an industry leader in Australia’s transformation to net-zero.    

    Community members, prospective commercial partners and international investors attended a virtual-reality walk-through of the site today, where the future design of the precinct was brought to life.The Clean Energy Precinct will be located on a disused 220-hectare site on Kooragang Island, just north of Newcastle’s CBD and straddling the south channel of the Hunter River.

    With a $100 million investment from the Australian Government committed in the 22/23 Federal Budget, the Port of Newcastle site will be transformed into a burgeoning industrial hub enabling the production, storage, distribution and export of clean energy products, including green hydrogen and ammonia. The precinct will integrate clean energy production and storage with the Hunter’s Hydrogen Hub gateway projects, the New South Wales Renewable Energy Zones, and offshore wind developments – making it a vital cog in our net zero future.

    The Port of Newcastle has been progressing Front-End Engineering and Design and Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) studies, backed by community consultation and industry engagement, and today’s release of designs allow the public and potential commercial partners to visualise the planned layout of the precinct infrastructure. 

    The precinct infrastructure includes electrical and water services, production facilities, storage, vehicle access, and pipelines for distribution and export.

    The EIS will be released publicly later this year, and construction of the precinct is expected to break ground in 2027. 

    For progress updates on the Clean Energy Precinct, visit the Port of Newcastle’s website

    Quotes attributable to Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development and Local Government Minister Catherine King:

    “Australia’s largest coal port is diversifying its offering and preparing to accommodate new and growing industries on the shores of the Hunter River. 

    “Newcastle has always been one of the most productive industrial centres in Australia, and we’re ensuring its legacy continues with the Clean Energy Precinct. 

    “It’s crucial that we develop the infrastructure now to be prepared for Australia’s energy future, and that’s exactly what we’re doing here on Kooragang Island.”

    Quotes attributable to Minister for Climate Change and Energy Chris Bowen:

    “The Hunter has been an industrial and economic powerhouse for decades, making the Port of Newcastle an ideal location for a Clean Energy Precinct that can support decarbonisation of heavy industry and connect Australia’s renewable resources to the world.

    “The Albanese Labor Government is supporting industrial regions like the Hunter to take advantage of the economic and job opportunities that come with reliable renewable energy.”

    Quotes attributable to Federal Member for Newcastle Sharon Claydon:

    “The Clean Energy Precinct will be the jewel in the crown of Newcastle’s future. 

    “It will create thousands of secure and well-paid jobs for Novocastrians, and stimulate the economy of the CBD and surrounds thanks to its central location.

    “Being here today to see the plans first hand fills me with excitement for what the future holds for our city, it’s people, and the greater Hunter region.”

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: There’s enough natural hydrogen in the Earth’s crust to help power the green energy transition

    Source: The Conversation – Canada – By Omid Haeri Ardakani, Research scientist at Natural Resources Canada; Andjunct associate professor, University of Calgary

    Since their formation billions of years ago, the oldest parts of the Earth’s continental rocks have generated natural hydrogen in massive amounts. Some of this hydrogen may have accumulated within accessible traps and reservoirs under the Earth’s surface. This store has the potential to contribute to the global hydrogen economy for hundreds of years.

    This has been demonstrated by the production of near-pure hydrogen from a single gas field in Mali, attracting the attention of governments in the United States, Canada, Australia, the United Kingdom and Europe.

    There is also interest from major venture capital investors and international resource companies. By the end of 2023, 40 companies were exploring natural hydrogen globally. That has likely doubled since 2024.




    Read more:
    Why green hydrogen — but not grey — could help solve climate change


    Hydrogen as a resource

    Hydrogen resources have long been a multi-billion-dollar market, even before recent interest in hydrogen as a contributor to the green energy transition. The environments and conditions that result in natural hydrogen accumulation occur globally. But one of the barriers to investment in many jurisdictions is regulatory, as hydrogen had not previously been considered as a resource.

    Natural hydrogen can be used to decarbonize hard-to-abate but globally critical industries. Industries that use hydrogen include fuel refining (about 44 per cent), ammonia and fertilizer production for food sustainability (about 34 per cent), and steel manufacturing (about five per cent).

    According to a recent British government policy briefing document, addressing this requires governments to include hydrogen as a listed natural resource. Future uses for hydrogen may include long-distance transportation and contributions to the decarbonization of the mining industry.

    High carbon footprint

    Most of the hydrogen used today is produced from fossil fuels. Because of this, hydrogen production contributes about 2.5 per cent of global carbon dioxide emissions. Efforts to produce low-carbon (green) hydrogen from renewable electricity and carbon capture and storage technologies remain expensive.

    Natural hydrogen has a carbon footprint comparable to or below that of green hydrogen. The two will likely be complementary, but estimates are uncertain as natural hydrogen is as yet an unproven resource.

    Developing strategies could determine whether hydrogen from any source is an economically viable resource. For natural hydrogen, exploration strategies have to be developed to find and extract natural deposits of hydrogen at an economically feasible cost. This also needs incentives that include natural hydrogen in exploration or production licenses.




    Read more:
    New plan shows Australia’s hydrogen dream is still alive. But are we betting on the right projects?


    Hydrogen and helium

    The U.S. Geological Survey recently estimated there’s enough accessible natural hydrogen to supply global hydrogen demand for about 200 years.

    Hydrogen forms in the Earth’s crust through two natural geological processes: chemical reactions between natural groundwaters and iron-rich minerals and water radiolysis. Water molecules are broken by natural background radioactivity in rocks releasing hydrogen — and helium, a valuable element included in Canada’s Critical Minerals Strategy — as a byproduct.

    The search for helium began in Canada in the 1920s, but it is only recently that systematic commercial exploration for helium has restarted. By the 1980s, systematic studies of natural hydrogen began in Canada, Finland and parts of Africa as part of research on subsurface microbial life.

    Renewed interest

    An unusual coincidence sparked the current global interest in hydrogen. An accidental discovery of the small natural hydrogen gas field in Mali coincided with the publication of extensive historical data from the former Soviet Union, drawing attention to hydrogen’s immense potential as a clean power resource. Australia, France and the U.S. were among the first countries to re-investigate historical natural hydrogen.

    Natural hydrogen and helium systems have similarities to petroleum systems, requiring a source rock, a migration pathway and accumulation in a reservoir. The infrastructure for natural hydrogen wells would be comparable to hydrocarbon wells, albeit with changes in well completion and drilling methods.

    The footprint of a natural hydrogen production project would take up much less space to deliver the same amount of energy compared to a green hydrogen production facility, which requires solar or wind farms and electrolyzers.

    Similarly, natural hydrogen projects do not need to draw on surface water resources, which are scarce in many parts of the world.

    Surface release of hydrogen bubbles from the Canadian Shield.
    (Stable Isotope Lab/University of Toronto), CC BY

    Future policies

    Some jurisdictions lack policies regulating hydrogen exploration. In others, regulation falls under existing mining or hydrocarbon policies. The lack of clear regulations in areas with high potential for natural hydrogen exploration — such as the U.S., Canada, India and parts of Africa and Europe — is a major obstacle for exploration.

    An absence of regulation slows down exploration and land acquisition, and prevents the decision-making required for developing infrastructure. And critically, it means that no community consultations are undertaken to ensure the social acceptance essential for the success of such projects.

    A project in South Australia demonstrates what legislation can accomplish. Once regulation of natural hydrogen exploration and capture was implemented, the government received dozens of applications from companies interested in natural hydrogen exploration.

    The appetite for exploration is clearly there, but policy and regulatory solutions are required. New exploration projects will provide critical new data to understand natural hydrogen’s potential to provide green energy.

    Omid Haeri Ardakani has received funding from Natural Resources Canada (NRCan).

    Barbara Sherwood Lollar receives funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and the Nuclear Waste Management Organization.

    Chris Ballentine is founder of and owns shares in Snowfox Discovery Ltd, a hydrogen exploration company. He receives research funding from the Natural Environment Research Council (U.K.) and the National Science Foundation (U.S.), in a joint grant, as well as the Canadian Nuclear Waste Management Organization and the Canadian Institute For Advanced Research.

    ref. There’s enough natural hydrogen in the Earth’s crust to help power the green energy transition – https://theconversation.com/theres-enough-natural-hydrogen-in-the-earths-crust-to-help-power-the-green-energy-transition-256936

    MIL OSI

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Egypt: Minister of Planning, Economic Development, and International Cooperation Discusses Developments in Joint Economic Relations with Norwegian Minister of International Development and Dutch Deputy Minister of Development

    Source: APO


    .

    H.E. Dr. Rania A. Al-Mashat, Minister of Planning, Economic Development, and International Cooperation, met with H.E. Mr. Åsmund Aukrust, Minister of International Development of the Kingdom of Norway.

    The two sides reviewed ways to strengthen cooperation opportunities between the two countries and discussed a number of joint issues.

    This meeting took place during her representation of the Arab Republic of Egypt at the Fourth G20 Development Working Group (DWG) Meeting and the G20 Ministerial Meeting on Development. These meetings are being held under South Africa’s G20 presidency from July 20 to 25, 2025, under the theme “Solidarity, Sustainability and Equality” in South Africa.

    During the meeting, H.E. Dr. Rania Al-Mashat lauded the Egyptian-Norwegian relations, and noted that the two countries have strengthened and deepened bilateral ties across various sectors, including renewable energy and regional stability efforts.

    H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat highlighted that the extended partnership between the governments of Egypt and Norway has been essential in boosting the economy, developing the renewable energy sector, and creating better opportunities for the Egyptian economy.

    H.E. Dr. Rania Al-Mashat emphasized Egypt’s commitment, with its expanding economy and attractive investment climate, to attracting new foreign partnerships and investments that can drive innovation, economic growth, and sustainable development.

    H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat pointed to the most prominent areas of cooperation with the Norwegian side, which include the oil, energy, gas, maritime transport, shipping, and shipbuilding sectors, in addition to fisheries and aquaculture. She noted that Egypt is keen to expand these areas of cooperation, and highlighted that the Egyptian-Norwegian partnership in promoting investments in the renewable energy sector was a central focus of H.E. President Abdel Fattah El-Sisi’s historic visit to the Kingdom of Norway in December 2024.

    H.E. Minister Al-Mashat added that the shared goals and mutual respect characterizing the bilateral relations between Egypt and Norway represent a model for international cooperation that will be built upon in the coming years.

    She further stated that Norway’s commitment to sustainability and international cooperation aligns with Egypt’s Vision 2030 and green transformation goals.

    H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat pointed out that the cooperation between the two countries in green hydrogen and renewable energy, which includes several prominent projects. These include a green ammonia production project from green hydrogen, a green methanol production project in the Suez Canal Economic Zone, in addition to a number of funded projects in various fields. These contribute to creating decent job opportunities for youth in cooperation with the International Labour Organization and the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and promoting health and combating violence against women in Egypt in cooperation with the United Nations Population Fund.

    H.E. Minister Al-Mashat affirmed Egypt’s keenness to involve the private sector, especially in strategic sectors such as renewable energy, green hydrogen, maritime industries, and technology. She noted that the country provides a stable investment climate, competitive incentives, and access to key regional markets, making it an ideal gateway for Norwegian and other international companies seeking to expand into the Middle East and Africa.

    She also referred to the cooperation between Egypt and Scatec, and mentioned that Egypt and Norway have historically strong economic ties, which have translated into tangible projects benefiting both economies.

    H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat outlined that the new partnerships with Scatec enhance active cooperation between the public and private sectors and development partners, aiming to promote green transformation. She noted Scatec’s contribution to the implementation of the Benban Solar Park, one of the largest solar parks in the world, and the first green hydrogen plant in the Suez Canal Economic Zone, in cooperation with the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development and other partners.

    H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat also pointed to the efforts of the Ministry of Planning, Economic Development, and International Cooperation in continuing to support international partnerships and mobilize local and international financing to promote green transformation in Egypt and increase the number of environmentally friendly projects.

    She pointed out that the cooperation portfolio with Scatec includes a number of projects under the energy sector of the “NWFE” program, including the green hydrogen project in Egypt, the green ammonia production project in Damietta, the 1 GW solar power project with battery energy storage solutions (BESS), and a 1 GW solar power plant for the aluminum complex in Naga Hammadi.

    Egyptian-Dutch Relations

    On another note, H.E. Dr. Rania Al-Mashat met with H.E. Ms. Pascalle Grotenhuis, Netherlands’ Vice Minister for International Development, to discuss strengthening Egyptian-Dutch relations and developments in the partnership between the two countries.

    During the meeting, Dr. Rania Al-Mashat affirmed that Egypt and the Netherlands have deep-rooted political, cultural, and economic relations spanning several decades. These relations have witnessed significant momentum and growing cooperation at various levels in recent years.

    H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat noted that the economic cooperation between the two countries has been an important axis in bilateral relations, with the Netherlands providing over 407 million Euros in development financing to Egypt since 1975. This assistance has contributed to supporting many vital sectors, including agriculture and irrigation, health and social affairs, transport, electricity, housing, tourism, education, and local development.

    She stated that the Netherlands is one of Egypt’s main trading partners within the European continent, with bilateral trade amounting to approximately one billion Euros annually. Both sides aim to expand this cooperation and diversify its areas, especially given the available opportunities for economic integration between the two countries.

    H.E. Dr. Al-Mashat highlighted the “Orange Corners” program, implemented in cooperation with the Dutch side and the private sector, to support entrepreneurs in the Nile Delta and Upper Egypt governorates. After the success of the first three-year phase, the program is now in a new cycle extending from 2024 to 2028, reflecting the shared interest of both countries in achieving inclusive economic growth and providing job opportunities for youth.

    The two sides also reviewed developments in cooperation in the fields of water and climate following the Memorandum of Understanding signed between the Egyptian and Dutch governments in October 2024, to enhance cooperation in coastal resource management and adaptation to climate change.

    Distributed by APO Group on behalf of Ministry of Planning, Economic Development, and International Cooperation – Egypt.

    MIL OSI Africa

  • MIL-OSI Analysis: A company says it could turn mercury into gold using nuclear fusion. Can we take this claim seriously?

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Adrian Bevan, Professor of Physics, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London

    RHJPhotos / Shutterstock

    The alchemist’s dream is to make gold from common metals, but can this be done?
    The physics needed to explain how to change one element into another is well
    understood and has been used for decades in accelerators and colliders, which smash sub-atomic particles together.

    The most notable present-day example is the Large Hadron Collider at Cern, based in Geneva. But the costs of making gold this way are vast, and the quantities generated are minuscule.

    For example, Cern’s Alice experiment estimated it produced only 29 picogrammes of gold while operating over four years. At that rate, it would take hundreds of times the lifetime of the universe to make a troy ounce of gold.

    The Californian startup company Marathon Fusion has proposed a very different approach: to use the radioactivity from neutron particles in a nuclear fusion reactor to transform one form of mercury into another, called mercury-197.

    This then decays into a stable form of gold: gold-197. This process of particle decay is where one subatomic particle spontaneously transforms into two or more lighter particles. The team from Marathon Fusion estimates that a fusion power plant could produce several tonnes of gold per gigawatt of thermal power in a single year of operation.

    Bombarding the isotope mercury-198 with neutrons leads to the creation of the
    radioactive isotope mercury-197 – which subsequently decays to the only stable
    isotope of gold.

    The key is to have energetic enough neutrons to trigger the mercury decay sequence. If this could be made to work, then it is an interesting idea. But whether it could make a tidy profit is another matter.

    To do this, a large neutron flux (a measure of the intensity of neutron radiation) is required. This can be generated using a standard fuel mix for fusion reactors, deuterium and tritium (both of which are forms of hydrogen), to create energy in the plasma of a fusion reactor.

    Neutrons penetrate material easily and scatter off the nuclei (cores) in atoms, slowing down as they do so. Neutrons with energies above 6 million electron volts are required to transform mercury-198 into gold.

    To come up with its estimates, Marathon Fusion has been using a fusion reactor’s “digital twin” – a computer model that simulates the physics of the fusion reaction and the resulting radioactive processes. A limitation of this type of work is that the digital twin needs to be validated against a real commercial fusion reactor – but none currently exist.

    There are many challenges to overcome before scientists can realise a commercial fusion reactor. These include the creation of new materials for its construction, and understanding the science required both to operate the system to continuously extract power, and to develop AI systems that can help keep the plasma fusion reaction running.

    Even some of the most advanced fusion experiments, such as the UK-based JET (Joint European Torus) project, could only generate relatively small amounts of energy. However, researchers in the UK have devised a new way to shrink the size of fusion reactors by changing the way the exhaust plasma is controlled. A prototype of this novel fusion reactor concept, called Spherical Tokomak for Energy Production (Step), aims to be ready by 2040.

    Radioactive waste

    On paper, it is possible to make gold from mercury in a fusion reactor. However, until commercial fusion reactors are realised, the assumptions used by Marathon Fusion in its digital twin studies will remain untested.

    Furthermore, any gold produced at a fusion reactor would initially be radioactive, meaning it would be classified as radioactive waste – and thus need to be managed for quite some time after production.

    As nuclear and particle physicists know well, it is very easy to forget to include important physical effects and critical details when creating a digital twin of an experiment. But while the processing of that waste into usable forms of pure gold would be a further challenge to address, it will not necessarily deter long-term investors.

    For now, this remains an attractive proposition on paper – but we’re still some way off from kickstarting a new kind of Californian gold rush.

    Adrian Bevan does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. A company says it could turn mercury into gold using nuclear fusion. Can we take this claim seriously? – https://theconversation.com/a-company-says-it-could-turn-mercury-into-gold-using-nuclear-fusion-can-we-take-this-claim-seriously-261891

    MIL OSI Analysis

  • MIL-OSI USA: NEWS: Sanders, Omar Introduce Legislation to Repeal Corporate Welfare for Fossil Fuels in Trump’s ‘Big, Beautiful Bill,’ End Giveaways That Destroy the Planet

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Vermont – Bernie Sanders
    BURLINGTON, Vt., July 25 – Sen. Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) and Rep. Ilhan Omar (D-Minn.) reintroduced the End Polluter Welfare Act, legislation to eliminate President Trump’s enormous new handouts to the fossil fuel industry contained in the “Big, Beautiful Bill,” along with existing polluter welfare for the fossil fuel industry. First introduced by Sanders in 2012, the bill eliminates more than $190 billion in tax loopholes and federal subsidies for the fossil fuel industry over the next 10 years. That total includes approximately $20 billion in new subsidies for coal, oil drilling, methane emissions, pipelines and other false climate solutions. The bill would also prevent the Trump administration from handing out hundreds of millions of acres of public lands and waters for drilling. 
    In addition to Sanders and Omar, Sens. Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.), Jeff Merkley (D-Ore.), Peter Welch (D-Vt.), Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.), Ed Markey (D-Mass) and Cory Booker (D-N.J.), along with 20 members of the House of Representatives, have cosponsored the bill. More than 170 organizations have endorsed the legislation.  
    “Donald Trump has sold out the young people of America and future generations,” Sanders said. “Big Oil spent $450 million to elected Donald Trump and Republicans during the last election cycle. In return, the president has directed the full regulatory, legal and financial weight of the federal government toward helping his fossil fuel executive friends get rich at the expense of a healthy and habitable planet for our kids and grandkids. The fossil fuel industry, with the support of Trump, is more concerned about their short-term profits than the wellbeing of the planet. No more polluter welfare for an industry that is making billions every year destroying the planet.” 
    “We are done letting fossil fuel executives write the rules while our communities pay the price,” Omar said. “For decades, Big Oil has raked in billions in taxpayer handouts while destabilizing our climate. The End Polluter Welfare Act will finally hold polluters accountable and eliminate these harmful subsidies once and for all. I’m proud to reintroduce this legislation with Senator Sanders because our planet can’t wait, and neither can we.” 
    Just four private fossil fuel corporations — ExxonMobil, BP, Chevron and Shell — have accounted for about 10% of global fossil fuel emissions since the beginning of the industrial revolution. Over the past three decades, these four companies have made more than $2 trillion in profit off the backs of people all around the world have borne the brunt of climate disasters. Last year alone, these companies made $84 billion in profit, and their CEOs made more than $95 million. 
    As if these obscene profits weren’t enough, the Republican reconciliation bill passed earlier this month by a single vote in the Senate includes enormous new subsidies to the fossil fuel industry: 
    More than $1.48 billion in tax cuts for metallurgical coal;
    More than $14 billion in tax cuts for carbon capture and enhanced oil recovery;
    Up to $3 billion in tax cuts for owners of power plants and pipelines that transport carbon and dirty hydrogen;
    Up to $447 million in tax cuts that help oil and gas drillers avoid the 15 percent corporate minimum tax;
    $1.5 billion in tax cuts for fossil fuel producers who emit methane, a greenhouse gas 84 times more potent than carbon dioxide;
    A “pay-to-play” scheme that will allow polluters to buy environmental reviews; and
    Opening up hundreds of millions of acres of our public lands and waters for drilling.
    Instead of handing out new taxpayer subsidies to Big Oil, Congress must take on the greed of the tremendously profitable fossil fuel industry by passing the End Polluter Welfare Act, which would: 
    Eliminate all giveaways, tax preferences and loopholes to the fossil fuel industry;
    Prohibit taxpayer-funded fossil fuel research and development;
    Update below-market royalty rates for oil and gas production on federal lands;
    Recoup royalties from offshore drilling in public waters;
    Ensure competitive bidding and leasing practices for coal developments on federal lands; and
    End support for international oil, gas and coal projects to help the international community move away from dirty fossil fuels to clean sources of power.
    Energy Secretary Chris Wright recently asked: “If an energy source needs subsidies to stay afloat, how truly reliable, or affordable is it?” The secretary is right: The American people can no longer afford to rely on the most subsidized form of energy in American history. Failure to address the climate crisis by taking on the fossil fuel industry puts the planet and future generations at risk. 
    Read the bill text here. 
    Read a summary here. 
    Read the section-by-section here. 
    Read a letter of support from endorsing organizations here. 

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Northern Cape green energy potential could be ‘heartbeat’ of SA’s economy

    Source: Government of South Africa

    With its immense potential for renewable energy and green hydrogen production and export, the Northern Cape could become a key driver of South Africa’s energy transition and economic growth.

    This is according to President Cyril Ramaphosa who delivered remarks at the opening session of a Presidential engagement between the National Executive and the Provincial Executive of the Northern Cape.

    “I have said on a number of occasions that the Northern Cape is an economic pioneer and a frontier of innovation. Last year, there was a report published…that characterised the province as South Africa’s emerging powerhouse – quite literally.

    “The Northern Cape is at the forefront of the clean energy revolution and is experiencing a significant surge in power projects, notably solar and green hydrogen,” the President said.

    According to the African Green Hydrogen Alliance (AGHA) – which is made up of 10 African states, including South Africa – the green hydrogen industry has the potential to add between $66 billion and $126 billion to the Gross Domestic Product of the member countries over the next 25 years.

    Government is already working on capitalising on this with the Boegoebaai Port and Rail Development named as one of the top seven infrastructure priorities for 2025/26.

    “The province’s Green Hydrogen Masterplan is ambitious in both scope and potential – not just for the Northern Cape but for the national economy as well. It is also, a potential that can have an impact on SADC and even for our continent.

    “In recent months I, together with a number of members of the National Executive, …have participated in multilateral discussions and business forums where we have been articulating our vision of South Africa being a leader in the renewable energy revolution.

    “And to quote the [Pulitzer Centre] report, once the energy transition unfolds as envisaged, the Northern Cape could be the new heartbeat of the economy,” he said.

    The President noted the strides made in the province becoming an industrial hub.

    “This is supported by traditional industries like mining, but is being expanded through special economic zone development, industrial park development and major infrastructure developments, notably in port and rail,” he said.

    Resolving challenges

    President Ramaphosa acknowledged that while the province’s economy has been growing and creating jobs, “persistent challenges” remain.

    “National Treasury’s 2024 provincial socio-economic review points to an increase in the percentage of people living in poverty and…a drop in the number of households with access to basic services like water. Unemployment, especially youth unemployment, remains high.

    “Fiscal constraints are holding back a number of projects particularly at a municipal level, including for disaster response, asbestos eradication, land restitution, rural electrification and public housing.

    “Much as we look at the potential and the progress that is being made, these challenges are still casting a shadow on our way to much better development,” he said.

    To resolve some of these challenges, the President said government will have to find ways to “support high impact projects” in the vein of the Northern Cape Industrial Corridor, the province’s R1 billion housing programme and the Kimberley Big Hole precinct.

    “We will also need to find creative funding mechanisms for major projects…for instance the Boegoebaai Harbour project. That is a project that will turn the fortunes of our province around. 

    “We need an urgent relook at the current delivery model to enable regulatory approval and investment activation,” he said.

    The President emphasised that integrated planning between all three spheres of government “must involve State-owned enterprises as important stakeholders with significant capabilities”.

    This integration must also align with the Medium-Term Development Plan. 

    “We are keen to discuss how the province is addressing the issue of climate change and its state of readiness to respond to natural disasters.

    “Another challenge that we need to address is at the local government level…how we are able to improve our local government sphere and find ways of ensuring that this province is able to move up to a high level in terms of tourism.

    “There is latent potential in this province where we can actually exploit the number of endowments that the Northern Cape has,” President Ramaphosa said. – SAnews.gov.za

    MIL OSI Africa

  • India tests first hydrogen train coach, boosts green rail push

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Indian Railways has achieved a major milestone by successfully testing the nation’s first hydrogen-powered coach at the Integral Coach Factory (ICF) in Chennai, Union Railway Minister Ashwini Vaishnaw announced on Friday.

    “First hydrogen-powered coach (Driving Power Car) successfully tested at ICF, Chennai. India is developing a 1,200 HP hydrogen train. This will place India among the leaders in hydrogen-powered train technology,” Vaishnaw shared in a post on X.

    The test marks a major milestone in India’s efforts to transition towards clean and green transportation alternatives. The hydrogen coach is part of a broader vision by Indian Railways to deploy 35 hydrogen-powered trains under the “Hydrogen for Heritage” initiative. These trains are intended to operate on heritage and hill routes across the country, with an estimated cost of ₹80 crore per train and an additional ₹70 crore for supporting ground infrastructure per route.

    Indian Railways has also initiated a pilot project to retrofit an existing Diesel Electric Multiple Unit (DEMU) with a hydrogen fuel cell. The project, including the installation of ground infrastructure, is being implemented at a cost of ₹111.83 crore and is planned to run on the Jind–Sonipat section of Northern Railway.

    While the running cost of hydrogen-based trains is yet to be firmly established in the Indian context, initial estimates suggest higher operational costs that are expected to decrease as the number of hydrogen trains increases. Beyond economic considerations, hydrogen fuel is widely recognized for its environmental benefits, including zero carbon emissions, making it a key component of India’s clean energy transition strategy.

    India’s push toward hydrogen mobility extends beyond the railway sector. In 2024, Union Minister of Petroleum & Natural Gas, Hardeep Singh Puri, showcased the country’s progress in green hydrogen energy push by presenting a hydrogen-fuelled bus, developed by Indian Oil, to the visiting Prime Minister of Bhutan, Tshering Tobgay, during his official visit.

    (With ANI inputs)

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Spain: Greene signs €224 million financing deal with EIB and Santander to invest in non-recyclable waste recovery

    Source: European Investment Bank

    EIB

    • The financing will be used to build five innovative plants that will convert more than 200 000 tonnes of waste a year into raw materials for industry.
    • Approximately 50% of the financing will come from the European Investment Bank (EIB) and the other 50% from Santander.
    • The project supports the circular economy, climate action and cohesion between regions.

    Greene Enterprise has signed a €224 million financing deal with the European Investment Bank (EIB) and Santander to build five innovative industrial plants in Spain for the treatment of non-recyclable waste. Greene is a Spanish company offering an innovative technology solution for the treatment and recycling of industrial and urban solid waste, biomass and sludge, diverting it from incineration and landfill.

    Expected to be operational between 2026 and 2029, the plants will convert this waste into high-value industrial products through advanced pyrolysis technology. They will all concentrate on extracting value from the reject fraction – waste that would otherwise be sent to landfills or incinerated.

    The total treatment capacity of the five plants will exceed 200 000 tonnes a year. The waste will be converted into pyrolytic oil, char and other reusable materials for industry, supporting the circular economy and helping reduce CO2 emissions.

    The projects to be financed are located in Muel (Zaragoza), La Selva del Camp (Tarragona), San Cristóbal de Entreviñas (Zamora), Madridejos (Toledo) and As Somozas (A Coruña). The Valogreene CML Madridejos and Valogreene Recinor As Somozas plants are in the final phase of construction and are expected to be commissioned in 2026. Two of the plants have been designated as priority interest projects by the autonomous communities of Aragón and Galicia, underscoring their strategic nature.

    The construction and commissioning of the Valogreene plants will help boost the local economy and create jobs in the towns where they are located. Once operational, each plant is expected to create more than 20 direct jobs and more than 40 indirect jobs.

    The project supports the EU Circular Economy Action Plan and contributes to the EIB’s strategic priorities of climate action and cohesion between regions set out in its Strategic Roadmap for 2024-2027.

    Photo legend: Valogreene Recinor As Somozas plant

    Background information

    EIB

    The European Investment Bank (ElB) is the long-term lending institution of the European Union, owned by its Member States. Built around eight core priorities, we finance investments that contribute to EU policy objectives by bolstering climate action and the environment, digitalisation and technological innovation, security and defence, cohesion, agriculture and bioeconomy, social infrastructure, the capital markets union, and a stronger Europe in a more peaceful and prosperous world.

    The EIB Group, which also includes the European Investment Fund (EIF), signed nearly €89 billion in new financing for over 900 high-impact projects in 2024, boosting Europe’s competitiveness and security.

    All projects financed by the EIB Group are in line with the Paris Agreement, as pledged in its Climate Bank Roadmap. Almost 60% of the EIB Group’s annual financing supports projects directly contributing to climate change mitigation, adaptation, and a healthier environment.

    In Spain, the EIB Group signed €12.3 billion of new financing for more than 100 high-impact projects in 2024. This financing is contributing to the green and digital transition, economic growth, competitiveness and improved services for citizens.

    High-quality, up-to-date photos of the organisation’s headquarters for media use are available here.

    Greene

    Greene Enterprise was founded in 2011 by four chemistry entrepreneurs from Elche, Alicante. Its shareholders include two major investment groups. Greene currently has more than 130 employees.

    The company provides the market with an innovative and efficient technology that addresses the need to manage and eliminate materials classified as waste, diverting them from landfill and incineration. This solution applies to various types of waste, notably industrial solid waste, urban solid waste, biomass and water treatment sludge.

    Our technology enables the efficient conversion of solid waste into high-quality raw materials. We use an integrated approach that combines advanced separation techniques and innovative chemical processes to extract reusable materials.

    The Valogreene solid waste material recovery plants developed by Greene target the currently non-recoverable reject fraction of waste and convert it into sustainable raw materials such as oils, calcium carbonate-rich materials, activated carbon, synthetic waxes and hydrogen. This is achieved through a sustainable and profitable thermosconversion process that aligns with circular economy principles and supports 2030 targets.

    High-quality, up-to-date photos of the organisation’s headquarters and projects for media use are available here: https://www.greene.es/multimedia/

    Santander

    Banco Santander (SAN SM) is a leading commercial bank founded in 1857, headquartered in Spain. It is one of the largest banks in the world by market capitalisation. The group’s activities are consolidated into five global businesses: Retail & Commercial Banking, Digital Consumer Bank, Corporate & Investment Banking (CIB), Wealth Management & Insurance and Payments (PagoNxt and Cards). This allows the bank to better leverage its unique combination of global scale and local leadership. Santander aims to be the best open financial services platform, providing services to individuals, small and medium-sized businesses, corporates, financial institutions and governments. The bank’s purpose is to help people and businesses prosper in a simple, personal and fair way. Santander is building a more responsible bank and has made a number of commitments to support this objective, including raising €220 billion in green financing between 2019 and 2030. In the first quarter of 2025, Banco Santander had €1.4 trillion in total funds, 175 million customers, 7 900 branches and 207 000 employees.

    MIL OSI Europe News

  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: Gas Safety (Amendment) Ordinance 2025 gazetted

    Source: Hong Kong Government special administrative region – 4

    The Government gazetted today (July 25) the Gas Safety (Amendment) Ordinance 2025 (the Ordinance).

    A spokesman for the Environment and Ecology Bureau said, “The Ordinance amends the definition of ‘gas’ under the Gas Safety Ordinance (Cap. 51) to bring ‘regulated hydrogen’ used or intended to be used as fuel to propel vehicles, trains, machinery, etc under the regulatory framework of the Gas Safety Ordinance. This Ordinance establishes a regulatory framework governing the importation, manufacture, storage, transport, supply and use of hydrogen that is used or intended to be used as fuel.”

    The Ordinance empowers the Chief Executive in Council to make regulations in relation to “regulated hydrogen” and its relevant matters. The Government will introduce subsidiary legislation on the regulation of “regulated hydrogen” into the Legislative Council for negative vetting within 2026. The Ordinance and the relevant subsidiary legislation will come into effect on the same day. The Electrical and Mechanical Services Department will consult the trade on the proposed subsidiary legislation to ensure that the relevant regulations could effectively assure the safe use of hydrogen in Hong Kong.

    The spokesman added, “The relevant subsidiary legislation will cover the entire supply chain of ‘regulated hydrogen’ to provide a clear legal framework and stable regulatory environment for the local hydrogen energy industry, enabling both local and international investors to develop hydrogen-related businesses in Hong Kong with greater confidence.”

    MIL OSI Asia Pacific News

  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: InvestHK visits UK to forge stronger Hong Kong-UK partnerships on sustainability and green tech innovation (with photos)

    Source: Hong Kong Government special administrative region

         ​Invest Hong Kong (InvestHK) completed a fruitful visit to the United Kingdom (UK) from July 13 to 20, championing Hong Kong as a premier international green technology hub for UK companies seeking growth and collaboration opportunities in Asia and beyond.

         During the visit, the Senior Vice President (Sustainability) for Technology, Innovation and Entrepreneurship at InvestHK, Ms Olivia To, engaged with key stakeholders in London and Cambridge to foster two-way business opportunities and deepen co-operation in sustainability and green tech innovation.

         In London, Ms To held extensive discussions with leading UK’s new energy, new materials and digital companies, as well as UK Research and Innovation, the national funding agency investing in science and research, Sustainable Ventures, a leading green tech hub and ecosystem provider, Generation Investment Management, a sustainable investment management firm, London & Partners, London’s business growth and destination agency, and London GreenCity, a clean technology entrepreneurs accelerator providing prototyping lab and collaborative community.

         In Cambridge, Ms To spoke at the event titled “Powering Tomorrow: Deep Tech Innovations for a Sustainable Energy Future”, co-organised by the University of Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership and Full Vision Capital, highlighting the competitive advantages Hong Kong offers energy and technology companies to grow and thrive across the region. The conference featured dynamic keynotes on growth strategies for clean energy start-ups, panel discussions on disruptive energy innovations, and a start-up demo where over 30 start-ups showcased their cutting-edge solutions. The event culminated in the announcement of the 4th TERA-Award Winner receiving a prize of US$1 million and a celebratory Gala Dinner, fostering further global networking and collaboration opportunities.

         Ms To said, “Hong Kong’s unparalleled status as a global financial powerhouse connects the East and West markets, bolstered by its dynamic green tech ecosystem and visionary government initiatives like the Green Tech Fund, the Innovation and Technology Fund and the Hong Kong Science and Technology Parks Corporation’s GreenTech Hub, and positions it as the premier gateway for UK companies to amplify green innovations across Asia. This visit underscores our dedication to fostering collaboration in sustainability and green technology between Hong Kong and the UK. We look forward to supporting more UK companies in establishing and expanding their presence in Hong Kong, utilising our robust financial infrastructure to facilitate financing and IPO listings that attract international capital.”

         The Executive Chairman of the TERA-Award, Mr Alan Chan, stated, “It was our pleasure to have InvestHK’s participation in our TERA-Award event. Together, we are building a stronger global innovation ecosystem that connects investors, start-ups, and green organisations, fostering groundbreaking solutions in smart energy. We look forward to working closely with InvestHK to further expand our promotion of the TERA-Award to the global market and establish a bridge between the international energy contexts.”

         The Chief Innovation Officer from the Cambridge Institute for Sustainability Leadership, Mr James Cole, said, “We are delighted to welcome InvestHK’s participation in our event, enhancing the collaboration between the UK and Hong Kong economies, supporting sustainability start-ups and strengthening the ecosystem. This collaboration ignites our commitment to forge global partnerships that will propel deep tech innovations, fostering a greener and more resilient future. Together, we anticipate to deepen our collaboration to accelerate the transition to a sustainable future and empower the next generation of innovators.”

         Co-Founder of London GreenCity Mr Laith Anezi said, “Both Hong Kong and the UK share a strong commitment to driving innovation in green technology. InvestHK’s visit has forged a robust foundation for strengthening ties between Hong Kong and British sustainability and green tech companies. We are excited to deepen our partnership with InvestHK, driving innovation to shape a sustainable world together.”

         Hong Kong, as the world’s third-largest financial hub, is well positioned to be the global leader in green tech and finance. The city is transitioning to cleaner energy sources, targeting carbon neutrality by 2050, supported by the Strategy of Hydrogen Development in Hong Kong and significant investments in the Hetao Shenzhen-Hong Kong Science and Technology Innovation Co-operation Zone.

         In green mobility, Hong Kong’s roadmap for electric vehicles has seen 70 per cent of newly registered private cars in 2024 be electric, with plans to establish the city as a green maritime fuel bunkering centre.

         This visit to the UK is a testament to Hong Kong’s dedication to fostering international collaboration and driving the global transition to a sustainable future. By attracting more UK companies in sustainable technology and innovation, Hong Kong aims to accelerate the adoption of innovative solutions that address the world’s most pressing environmental challenges.

    MIL OSI Asia Pacific News

  • MIL-Evening Report: Keep fighting for a nuclear-free Pacific, Helen Clark warns Greenpeace over global storm clouds

    Asia Pacific Report

    Former New Zealand prime minister Helen Clark warned activists and campaigners in a speech on the deck of the Greenpeace environmental flagship Rainbow Warrior III last night to be wary of global “storm clouds” and the renewed existential threat of nuclear weapons.

    Speaking on her reflections on four decades after the bombing of the original Rainbow Warrior on 10 July 1985, she said that New Zealand had a lot to be proud of but the world was now in a “precarious” state.

    Clark praised Greenpeace over its long struggle, challenging the global campaigners to keep up the fight for a nuclear-free Pacific.

    “For New Zealand, having been proudly nuclear-free since the mid-1980s, life has got a lot more complicated for us as well, and I have done a lot of campaigning against New Zealand signing up to any aspect of the AUKUS arrangement because it seems to me that being associated with any agreement that supplies nuclear ship technology to Australia is more or less encouraging the development of nuclear threats in the South Pacific,” she said.

    “While I am not suggesting that Australians are about to put nuclear weapons on them, we know that others do. This is not the Pacific that we want.

    “It is not the Pacific that we fought for going back all those years.

    “So we need to be very concerned about these storm clouds gathering.”

    Lessons for humanity
    Clark was prime minister 1999-2008 and served as a minister in David Lange’s Labour government that passed New Zealand’s nuclear-free legislation in 1987 – two years after the Rainbow Warrior bombing by French secret agents.

    She was also head of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in 2009-2017.

    “When you think 40 years on, humanity might have learned some lessons. But it seems we have to repeat the lessons over and over again, or we will be dragged on the path of re-engagement with those who use nuclear weapons as their ultimate defence,” Clark told the Greenpeace activists, crew and guests.

    “Forty years on, we look back with a lot of pride, actually, at how New Zealand responded to the bombing of the Rainbow Warrior. We stood up with the passage of the nuclear-free legislation in 1987, we stood up with a lot of things.

    “All of this is under threat; the international scene now is quite precarious with respect to nuclear weapons. This is an existential threat.”


    Nuclear-free Pacific reflections with Helen Clark         Video: Greenpeace

    In response to Tahitian researcher and advocate Ena Manuireva who spoke earlier about the legacy of a health crisis as a result of 30 years of French nuclear tests at Moruroa and Fangataufa, she recalled her own thoughts.

    “It reminds us of why we were so motivated to fight for a nuclear-free Pacific because we remember the history of what happened in French Polynesia, in the Marshall Islands, in the South Australian desert, at Maralinga, to the New Zealand servicemen who were sent up in the navy ships, the Rotoiti and the Pukaki, in the late 1950s, to stand on deck while the British exploded their bombs [at Christmas Island in what is today Kiribati].

    “These poor guys were still seeking compensation when I was PM with the illnesses you [Ena] described in French Polynesia.

    Former NZ prime minister Helen Clark . . . “I remember one of the slogans in the 1970s and 1980s was ‘if it is so safe, test them in France’.” Image: Asia Pacific Report

    Testing ground for ‘others’
    “So the Pacific was a testing ground for ‘others’ far away and I remember one of the slogans in the 1970s and 1980s was ‘if it is so safe, test them in France’. Right? It wasn’t so safe.

    “Mind you, they regarded French Polynesia as France.

    “David Robie asked me to write the foreword to the new edition of his book, Eyes of Fire: The Last Voyage and Legacy of the Rainbow Warrior, and it brought back so many memories of those times because those of you who are my age will remember that the 1980s were the peak of the Cold War.

    “We had the Reagan administration [in the US] that was actively preparing for war. It was a terrifying time. It was before the demise of the Soviet Union. And nuclear testing was just part of that big picture where people were preparing for war.

    “I think that the wonderful development in New Zealand was that people knew enough to know that we didn’t want to be defended by nuclear weapons because that was not mutually assured survival — it was mutually assured destruction.”

    New Zealand took a stand, Clark said, but taking that stand led to the attack on the Rainbow Warrior in Auckland harbour by French state-backed terrorism where tragically Greenpeace photographer Fernando Pereira lost his life.

    “I remember I was on my way to Nairobi for a conference for women, and I was in Zimbabwe, when the news came through about the bombing of a boat in Auckland harbour.

    ‘Absolutely shocking’
    “It was absolutely shocking, we had never experienced such a thing. I recall when I returned to New Zealand, [Prime Minister] David Lange one morning striding down to the party caucus room and telling us before it went public that it was without question that French spies had planted the bombs and the rest was history.

    “It was a very tense time. Full marks to Greenpeace for keeping up the struggle for so long — long before it was a mainstream issue Greenpeace was out there in the Pacific taking on nuclear testing.

    “Different times from today, but when I wrote the foreword for David’s book I noted that storm clouds were gathering again around nuclear weapons and issues. I suppose that there is so much else going on in a tragic 24 news cycle — catastrophe day in and day out in Gaza, severe technology and lethal weapons in Ukraine killing people, wherever you look there are so many conflicts.

    “The international agreements that we have relied are falling into disrepair. For example, if I were in Europe I would be extremely worried about the demise of the intermediate range missile weapons pact which has now been abandoned by the Americans and the Russians.

    “And that governs the deployment of medium range missiles in Europe.

    “The New Start Treaty, which was a nuclear arms control treaty between what was the Soviet Union and the US expires next year. Will it be renegotiated in the current circumstances? Who knows?”

    With the Non-proliferation Treaty, there are acknowledged nuclear powers who had not signed the treaty — “and those that do make very little effort to live up to the aspiration, which is to negotiate an end to nuclear weapons”.

    Developments with Iran
    “We have seen recently the latest developments with Iran, and for all of Iran’s many sins let us acknowledge that it is a party to the Non-Proliferation Treaty,” she said.

    “It did subject itself, for the most part, to the inspections regime. Israel, which bombed it, is not a party to the treaty, and doesn’t accept inspections.

    “There are so many double standards that people have long complained about the Non-Proliferation Treaty where the original five nuclear powers are deemed okay to have them, somehow, whereas there are others who don’t join at all.

    “And then over the Ukraine conflict we have seen worrying threats of the use of nuclear weapons.”

    Clark warned that we the use of artificial intelligence it would not be long before asking it: “How do I make a nuclear weapon?”

    “It’s not so difficult to make a dirty bomb. So we should be extremely worried about all these developments.”

    Then Clark spoke about the “complications” facing New Zealand.

    Mangareva researcher and advocate Ena Manuireva . . . “My mum died of lung cancer and the doctors said that she was a ‘passive smoker’. My mum had not smoked for the last 65 years.” Image: Asia Pacific Report

    Teariki’s message to De Gaulle
    In his address, Ena Manuireva started off by quoting the late Tahitian parliamentarian John Teariki who had courageously appealed to General Charles De Gaulle in 1966 after France had already tested three nuclear devices:

    “No government has ever had the honesty or the cynical frankness to admit that its nuclear tests might be dangerous. No government has ever hesitated to make other peoples — preferably small, defenceless ones — bear the burden.”

    “May you, Mr President, take back your troops, your bombs, and your planes.

    “Then, later, our leukemia and cancer patients would not be able to accuse you of being the cause of their illness.

    “Then, our future generations would not be able to blame you for the birth of monsters and deformed children.

    “Then, you would give the world an example worthy of France . . .

    “Then, Polynesia, united, would be proud and happy to be French, and, as in the early days of Free France, we would all once again become your best and most loyal friends.”

    ‘Emotional moment’
    Manuireva said that 10 days earlier, he had been on board Rainbow Warrior III for the ceremony to mark the bombing in 1985 that cost the life of Fernando Pereira – “and the lives of a lot of Mā’ohi people”.

    “It was a very emotional moment for me. It reminded me of my mother and father as I am a descendant of those on Mangareva atoll who were contaminated by those nuclear tests.

    “My mum died of lung cancer and the doctors said that she was a ‘passive smoker’. My mum had not smoked for the last 65 years.

    “French nuclear testing started on 2 July 1966 with Aldebaran and lasted 30 years.”

    He spoke about how the military “top brass fled the island” when winds start blowing towards Mangareva. “Food was ready but they didn’t stay”.

    “By the time I was born in December 1967 in Mangareva, France had already exploded 9 atmospheric nuclear tests on Moruroa and Fangataufa atolls, about 400km from Mangareva.”

    France’s most powerful explosion was Canopus with 2.6 megatonnes in August 1968. It was a thermonuclear hydrogen bomb — 150 times more powerful than Hiroshima.

    Greenpeace Aotearoa executive director Russel Norman . . . a positive of the campaign future. Image: Asia Pacific Report

    ‘Poisoned gift’
    Manuireva said that by France “gifting us the bomb”, Tahitians had been left “with all the ongoing consequences on the people’s health costs that the Ma’ohi Nui government is paying for”.

    He described how the compensation programme was inadequate, lengthy and complicated.

    Manuireva also spoke about the consequences for the environment. Both Moruroa and Fangataufa were condemned as “no go” zones and islanders had lost their lands forever.

    He also noted that while France had gifted the former headquarters of the Atomic Energy Commission (CEP) as a “form of reconciliation” plans to turn it into a museum were thwarted because the building was “rife with asbestos”.

    “It is a poisonous gift that will cost millions for the local government to fix.”

    Greenpeace Aotearoa executive director Russel Norman spoke of the impact on the Greenpeace organisation of the French secret service bombing of their ship and also introduced the guest speakers and responded to their statements.

    A Q and A session was also held to round off the stimulating evening.

    A question during the open mike session on board the Rainbow Warrior. Image: Asia Pacific Report

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-Evening Report: Keep fighting for a nuclear-free Pacific, Helen Clark warns Greenpeace over global storm clouds

    Asia Pacific Report

    Former New Zealand prime minister Helen Clark warned activists and campaigners in a speech on the deck of the Greenpeace environmental flagship Rainbow Warrior III last night to be wary of global “storm clouds” and the renewed existential threat of nuclear weapons.

    Speaking on her reflections on four decades after the bombing of the original Rainbow Warrior on 10 July 1985, she said that New Zealand had a lot to be proud of but the world was now in a “precarious” state.

    Clark praised Greenpeace over its long struggle, challenging the global campaigners to keep up the fight for a nuclear-free Pacific.

    “For New Zealand, having been proudly nuclear-free since the mid-1980s, life has got a lot more complicated for us as well, and I have done a lot of campaigning against New Zealand signing up to any aspect of the AUKUS arrangement because it seems to me that being associated with any agreement that supplies nuclear ship technology to Australia is more or less encouraging the development of nuclear threats in the South Pacific,” she said.

    “While I am not suggesting that Australians are about to put nuclear weapons on them, we know that others do. This is not the Pacific that we want.

    “It is not the Pacific that we fought for going back all those years.

    “So we need to be very concerned about these storm clouds gathering.”

    Lessons for humanity
    Clark was prime minister 1999-2008 and served as a minister in David Lange’s Labour government that passed New Zealand’s nuclear-free legislation in 1987 – two years after the Rainbow Warrior bombing by French secret agents.

    She was also head of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in 2009-2017.

    “When you think 40 years on, humanity might have learned some lessons. But it seems we have to repeat the lessons over and over again, or we will be dragged on the path of re-engagement with those who use nuclear weapons as their ultimate defence,” Clark told the Greenpeace activists, crew and guests.

    “Forty years on, we look back with a lot of pride, actually, at how New Zealand responded to the bombing of the Rainbow Warrior. We stood up with the passage of the nuclear-free legislation in 1987, we stood up with a lot of things.

    “All of this is under threat; the international scene now is quite precarious with respect to nuclear weapons. This is an existential threat.”


    Nuclear-free Pacific reflections with Helen Clark         Video: Greenpeace

    In response to Tahitian researcher and advocate Ena Manuireva who spoke earlier about the legacy of a health crisis as a result of 30 years of French nuclear tests at Moruroa and Fangataufa, she recalled her own thoughts.

    “It reminds us of why we were so motivated to fight for a nuclear-free Pacific because we remember the history of what happened in French Polynesia, in the Marshall Islands, in the South Australian desert, at Maralinga, to the New Zealand servicemen who were sent up in the navy ships, the Rotoiti and the Pukaki, in the late 1950s, to stand on deck while the British exploded their bombs [at Christmas Island in what is today Kiribati].

    “These poor guys were still seeking compensation when I was PM with the illnesses you [Ena] described in French Polynesia.

    Former NZ prime minister Helen Clark . . . “I remember one of the slogans in the 1970s and 1980s was ‘if it is so safe, test them in France’.” Image: Asia Pacific Report

    Testing ground for ‘others’
    “So the Pacific was a testing ground for ‘others’ far away and I remember one of the slogans in the 1970s and 1980s was ‘if it is so safe, test them in France’. Right? It wasn’t so safe.

    “Mind you, they regarded French Polynesia as France.

    “David Robie asked me to write the foreword to the new edition of his book, Eyes of Fire: The Last Voyage and Legacy of the Rainbow Warrior, and it brought back so many memories of those times because those of you who are my age will remember that the 1980s were the peak of the Cold War.

    “We had the Reagan administration [in the US] that was actively preparing for war. It was a terrifying time. It was before the demise of the Soviet Union. And nuclear testing was just part of that big picture where people were preparing for war.

    “I think that the wonderful development in New Zealand was that people knew enough to know that we didn’t want to be defended by nuclear weapons because that was not mutually assured survival — it was mutually assured destruction.”

    New Zealand took a stand, Clark said, but taking that stand led to the attack on the Rainbow Warrior in Auckland harbour by French state-backed terrorism where tragically Greenpeace photographer Fernando Pereira lost his life.

    “I remember I was on my way to Nairobi for a conference for women, and I was in Zimbabwe, when the news came through about the bombing of a boat in Auckland harbour.

    ‘Absolutely shocking’
    “It was absolutely shocking, we had never experienced such a thing. I recall when I returned to New Zealand, [Prime Minister] David Lange one morning striding down to the party caucus room and telling us before it went public that it was without question that French spies had planted the bombs and the rest was history.

    “It was a very tense time. Full marks to Greenpeace for keeping up the struggle for so long — long before it was a mainstream issue Greenpeace was out there in the Pacific taking on nuclear testing.

    “Different times from today, but when I wrote the foreword for David’s book I noted that storm clouds were gathering again around nuclear weapons and issues. I suppose that there is so much else going on in a tragic 24 news cycle — catastrophe day in and day out in Gaza, severe technology and lethal weapons in Ukraine killing people, wherever you look there are so many conflicts.

    “The international agreements that we have relied are falling into disrepair. For example, if I were in Europe I would be extremely worried about the demise of the intermediate range missile weapons pact which has now been abandoned by the Americans and the Russians.

    “And that governs the deployment of medium range missiles in Europe.

    “The New Start Treaty, which was a nuclear arms control treaty between what was the Soviet Union and the US expires next year. Will it be renegotiated in the current circumstances? Who knows?”

    With the Non-proliferation Treaty, there are acknowledged nuclear powers who had not signed the treaty — “and those that do make very little effort to live up to the aspiration, which is to negotiate an end to nuclear weapons”.

    Developments with Iran
    “We have seen recently the latest developments with Iran, and for all of Iran’s many sins let us acknowledge that it is a party to the Non-Proliferation Treaty,” she said.

    “It did subject itself, for the most part, to the inspections regime. Israel, which bombed it, is not a party to the treaty, and doesn’t accept inspections.

    “There are so many double standards that people have long complained about the Non-Proliferation Treaty where the original five nuclear powers are deemed okay to have them, somehow, whereas there are others who don’t join at all.

    “And then over the Ukraine conflict we have seen worrying threats of the use of nuclear weapons.”

    Clark warned that we the use of artificial intelligence it would not be long before asking it: “How do I make a nuclear weapon?”

    “It’s not so difficult to make a dirty bomb. So we should be extremely worried about all these developments.”

    Then Clark spoke about the “complications” facing New Zealand.

    Mangareva researcher and advocate Ena Manuireva . . . “My mum died of lung cancer and the doctors said that she was a ‘passive smoker’. My mum had not smoked for the last 65 years.” Image: Asia Pacific Report

    Teariki’s message to De Gaulle
    In his address, Ena Manuireva started off by quoting the late Tahitian parliamentarian John Teariki who had courageously appealed to General Charles De Gaulle in 1966 after France had already tested three nuclear devices:

    “No government has ever had the honesty or the cynical frankness to admit that its nuclear tests might be dangerous. No government has ever hesitated to make other peoples — preferably small, defenceless ones — bear the burden.”

    “May you, Mr President, take back your troops, your bombs, and your planes.

    “Then, later, our leukemia and cancer patients would not be able to accuse you of being the cause of their illness.

    “Then, our future generations would not be able to blame you for the birth of monsters and deformed children.

    “Then, you would give the world an example worthy of France . . .

    “Then, Polynesia, united, would be proud and happy to be French, and, as in the early days of Free France, we would all once again become your best and most loyal friends.”

    ‘Emotional moment’
    Manuireva said that 10 days earlier, he had been on board Rainbow Warrior III for the ceremony to mark the bombing in 1985 that cost the life of Fernando Pereira – “and the lives of a lot of Mā’ohi people”.

    “It was a very emotional moment for me. It reminded me of my mother and father as I am a descendant of those on Mangareva atoll who were contaminated by those nuclear tests.

    “My mum died of lung cancer and the doctors said that she was a ‘passive smoker’. My mum had not smoked for the last 65 years.

    “French nuclear testing started on 2 July 1966 with Aldebaran and lasted 30 years.”

    He spoke about how the military “top brass fled the island” when winds start blowing towards Mangareva. “Food was ready but they didn’t stay”.

    “By the time I was born in December 1967 in Mangareva, France had already exploded 9 atmospheric nuclear tests on Moruroa and Fangataufa atolls, about 400km from Mangareva.”

    France’s most powerful explosion was Canopus with 2.6 megatonnes in August 1968. It was a thermonuclear hydrogen bomb — 150 times more powerful than Hiroshima.

    Greenpeace Aotearoa executive director Russel Norman . . . a positive of the campaign future. Image: Asia Pacific Report

    ‘Poisoned gift’
    Manuireva said that by France “gifting us the bomb”, Tahitians had been left “with all the ongoing consequences on the people’s health costs that the Ma’ohi Nui government is paying for”.

    He described how the compensation programme was inadequate, lengthy and complicated.

    Manuireva also spoke about the consequences for the environment. Both Moruroa and Fangataufa were condemned as “no go” zones and islanders had lost their lands forever.

    He also noted that while France had gifted the former headquarters of the Atomic Energy Commission (CEP) as a “form of reconciliation” plans to turn it into a museum were thwarted because the building was “rife with asbestos”.

    “It is a poisonous gift that will cost millions for the local government to fix.”

    Greenpeace Aotearoa executive director Russel Norman spoke of the impact on the Greenpeace organisation of the French secret service bombing of their ship and also introduced the guest speakers and responded to their statements.

    A Q and A session was also held to round off the stimulating evening.

    A question during the open mike session on board the Rainbow Warrior. Image: Asia Pacific Report

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-OSI Security: Mayors Reflect on Hosting Nuclear Facilities

    Source: International Atomic Energy Agency – IAEA

    “My city of Idaho Falls owns and operates its electric utility, integrating hydropower, wind, geothermal, and emerging hydrogen technologies. We are now planning to add micro-reactors. As policymakers, we study complex energy markets, transmission and regulations, all so we can provide reliable, cost-effective power to our citizens. And they in turn support nuclear because it offers safe, reliable, carbon-free, baseload energy. Advanced reactors are the path forward securing our community’s energy future while keeping costs low for generations to come.” 

    MIL Security OSI

  • MIL-OSI NGOs: Mayors Reflect on Hosting Nuclear Facilities

    Source: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) –

    “My city of Idaho Falls owns and operates its electric utility, integrating hydropower, wind, geothermal, and emerging hydrogen technologies. We are now planning to add micro-reactors. As policymakers, we study complex energy markets, transmission and regulations, all so we can provide reliable, cost-effective power to our citizens. And they in turn support nuclear because it offers safe, reliable, carbon-free, baseload energy. Advanced reactors are the path forward securing our community’s energy future while keeping costs low for generations to come.” 

    MIL OSI NGO

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Mayors Reflect on Hosting Nuclear Facilities

    Source: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA)

    “My city of Idaho Falls owns and operates its electric utility, integrating hydropower, wind, geothermal, and emerging hydrogen technologies. We are now planning to add micro-reactors. As policymakers, we study complex energy markets, transmission and regulations, all so we can provide reliable, cost-effective power to our citizens. And they in turn support nuclear because it offers safe, reliable, carbon-free, baseload energy. Advanced reactors are the path forward securing our community’s energy future while keeping costs low for generations to come.” 

    MIL OSI United Nations News

  • MIL-OSI Africa: President hails BMW’s local production of plug-in hybrid as milestone for green mobility

    Source: Government of South Africa

    President Cyril Ramaphosa has lauded BMW South Africa’s launch of the locally produced BMW X3 plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) as a significant leap toward a low-carbon future and a boost for South Africa’s industrial and economic growth.

    Speaking at BMW’s Rosslyn plant in Tshwane on Thursday, the President praised the milestone as a symbol of trust in the country, as well as a demonstration of BMW Group’s long-standing commitment to the South African market. 

    The President highlighted that this world-class facility was the first BMW plant to be built outside of Germany and has been at the centre of the group’s operations since 1973. 

    “A number of world-class vehicles are manufactured right here at this plant, including both ICE and hybrid models from the BMW X family. And now, we have reached another milestone with the production of the BMW X3 plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.  

    “The shift to green mobility and electrification in vehicle production is in line with commitments by countries to reduce emissions and support the transition to a low-carbon, climate resilient global economy. We are greatly encouraged by this milestone reached by the BMW Group,” the President said. 

    WATCH | 

    [embedded content]

    President Ramaphosa said the Rosslyn plant remains a pillar of South Africa’s automotive sector, which contributes approximately 4.9% to the country’s GDP, sustains over 115 000 direct manufacturing jobs, and supports more than half a million jobs across its value chain.

    BMW’s investment in local manufacturing comes at a time when South Africa is working to position itself as a globally competitive hub for future mobility. 

    “As the transition to battery electric vehicles, plug-in hybrids and hydrogen mobility gathers momentum, South Africa is perfectly positioned as a key global manufacturing base for the mobility of the future,” President Ramaphosa said.

    He reaffirmed government’s commitment to enabling this shift, highlighting the recently released Electric Vehicle White Paper and an incentive programme under the Automotive Production and Development Programme (APDP). 

    These are aimed at creating a stable and predictable policy environment to attract investment, grow exports, and expand the local electric vehicle (EV) market. 

    “The production of the BMW X3 plug-in hybrid locally is a testament to the trust placed in our skills, our workers, our partnerships and our potential. Let us honour this achievement by staying the course, driving transformation, creating jobs and leading Africa’s industrial future,” he said.

    President Ramaphosa also touched on the strategic opportunity presented by South Africa’s mineral wealth. 

    “The global shift to clean vehicles presents opportunities for the local component manufacturing sector, whose focus has been on ICE components. With our significant reserves of critical minerals, we must become a hub for processing and beneficiation. 

    “We are finalising targeted incentives for battery cell localisation, EV component manufacture, clean mobility research and design, and critical mineral beneficiation,” he said. 

    The President also acknowledged the changing global trade landscape – particularly the recent announcements on tariffs by the United States. 

    “The recent announcements on tariffs by the United States, an important market for our vehicle exports, further underscores the need to diversity our export base and accelerate domestic value creation,” he said. 

    Youth development

    The President commended BMW’s commitment to youth development, including its training academy that produces 300 apprentices annually, its long-term support for the Youth Employment Service (YES), and its initiatives to develop young women leaders and black industrialists. 

    He also praised BMW’s investment in digital skills through its partnership with UNICEF and its Tshwane-based IT Hub, which employs more than 2 000 digital professionals.

    “As a founding partner of the Youth Employment Service, BMW has supported over 3 500 youth, with placements across all provinces and in diverse sectors such as retail, IT, education and health. 

    “BMW’s roots may be in Bavaria, but its beating heart is South African. We are proud of your presence. We are greatly encouraged by your ongoing investment as we strive to build the low-carbon economies of the future,” the President said.

    Looking ahead

    Calling on BMW to continue its role as a flagship partner in the South Africa Investment Conference (SAIC), the President urged the company to deepen localisation, expand youth training, lead in EV battery development, and support township-based supplier development.

    “As the Government of National Unity, we welcome the role you continue to play in supporting our drive for inclusive growth and job creation.  

    “BMW’s presence in the country is one of mutual interest and shared value. To the entire BMW team, you are building more than cars. 

    “You are building a legacy of excellence, inclusion and hope among South Africans. We look forward to continuing this partnership and supporting the next chapter of your journey,” the President said. – SAnews.gov.za

    MIL OSI Africa

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Italy: EIB and Eni sign €500 million finance agreement to convert Livorno refinery into a biorefinery

    Source: European Investment Bank

    EIB

    • This will be Eni’s third biorefinery in Italy, after those in Venice and Gela.
    • Among the distinctive features of the project, in addition to the use of advanced technologies, there is the possibility of adapting the plant to also produce SAF (sustainable aviation fuel) in the future.
    • This initiative contributes to the European Union’s decarbonisation goals, with particular reference to the transport sector, and confirms Eni’s energy transition path.
    • The project is part of Enilive’s strategy to reach more than five million tonnes of biorefinery capacity by 2030.

    The European Investment Bank (EIB) and Eni have signed a €500 million 15-year finance contract to support the conversion of Eni’s Livorno refinery in Tuscany into a biorefinery. The agreement was signed today at Eni’s headquarters in San Donato Milanese by EIB Vice-President Gelsomina Vigliotti and Eni CEO Claudio Descalzi.

    Eni’s project involves the construction of new plants to produce hydrogenated biofuels at the Livorno refinery site, including a biogenic pre-treatment unit and a 500 000-tonne/year Ecofining™ plant.

    Thanks to its proprietary Ecofining™ technology, Eni’s company dedicated to sustainable mobility, Enilive, produces HVO (hydrogenated vegetable oil) – a biofuel made from renewable raw materials[1] such as used cooking oil and agrifood waste. Pure HVO can now be used in approved engines and is distributed through existing infrastructure.

    EIB Vice-President Gelsomina Vigliotti said: “The EIB financing is key to delivering a project of high environmental, technological and strategic value, helping to promote the decarbonisation of the transport sector. This is a concrete example of how industrial innovation can accelerate the path towards climate neutrality, while generating sustainable value for regions.”

    Eni CEO Claudio Descalzi said: “The agreement with the EIB confirms Eni’s concrete and high-quality commitment in the transition towards increasingly decarbonized energy. It also underscores the validity of our approach, which is to invest and leverage all available and effective initiatives and technologies for reducing emissions. This virtuous approach is now leading us to convert a third refinery into a biorefinery in Italy, following the examples of Venice and Gela.”

    HVO biofuels play a key role because they can make an immediate contribution to reducing transport sector emissions generated not only on roads, but also by air traffic, maritime and rail transport (calculated along the entire value chain). The conversion of the Livorno site is in line with Enilive’s strategy to increase the production of biofuels in response to growing demand in Europe and Italy, in order to meet both emission reduction targets under RED III (Renewable Energy Directive) and the obligations to release pure biofuels for use as defined by Italian legislation. Worldwide, it is estimated that the demand for hydrogenated biofuels will increase by 65% over the period 2024-2028[2].

    The Livorno biorefinery will be able to treat different types of biogenic charges, mainly waste and residues of plant origin, to produce HVO diesel, HVO naphtha and bio-LPG.

    Among the distinctive features of the project, in addition to the adoption of advanced technologies, there is the possibility in the future of modifying the layout of the plant to have the flexibility to also produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), which is a key element of efforts to decarbonise aviation. This gives flexibility to the investment and brings it up to speed with the environmental priorities of the European Union, broadening the potential impact.

    This operation is part of the energy transition at national and European level, contributing substantially to decarbonisation of the transport sector and the reduction of CO2 emissions. It also supports the achievement of Italy’s targets for the production of pure biofuels, which under current legislation provides for a gradual increase in use from 300 000 tonnes per year in 2023 to one million tonnes by 2030.

    Background information

    The European Investment Bank (ElB) is the long-term lending institution of the European Union, owned by its Member States. It finances investments that contribute to EU policy objectives. EIB projects bolster competitiveness, drive innovation, promote sustainable development, enhance social and territorial cohesion, and support a just and swift transition to climate neutrality. In the last five years, the EIB Group has provided more than €58 billion in financing for projects in Italy. All projects financed by the EIB Group are in line with the Paris Climate Agreement. The EIB Group does not fund investments in fossil fuels. We are on track to deliver on our commitment to support €1 trillion in climate and environmental sustainability investment in the decade to 2030 as pledged in our Climate Bank Roadmap. Over half of the EIB Group’s annual financing supports projects directly contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation, and a healthier environment. Approximately half of the EIB’s financing within the European Union is directed towards cohesion regions, where per capita income is lower.

    Eni is a global energy tech company operating in 64 Countries, with about 32.500 employees. Originally an oil & gas company, it has evolved into an integrated energy company, playing a key role in ensuring energy security and leading the energy transition. Eni’s goal is to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 through the decarbonization of its processes and of the products it sells to its customers. In line with this goal, Eni invests in the research and development of technologies that can accelerate the transition to increasingly sustainable energy. Renewable energy sources, bio-refining, carbon capture and storage are only some examples of Eni’s areas of activity and research. In addition, the company is exploring game-changing technologies such as fusion energy – a technology based on the physical processes that power stars and that could generate safe, virtually limitless energy with zero emissions.


    [1] In accordance with the EU Renewable Energy Directive

    [2] IEA Renewables 2023 report, main case, analysis and forecast to 2028.

    MIL OSI Europe News

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Italy: EIB and Eni sign €500 million finance agreement to convert Livorno refinery into a biorefinery

    Source: European Investment Bank

    EIB

    • This will be Eni’s third biorefinery in Italy, after those in Venice and Gela.
    • Among the distinctive features of the project, in addition to the use of advanced technologies, there is the possibility of adapting the plant to also produce SAF (sustainable aviation fuel) in the future.
    • This initiative contributes to the European Union’s decarbonisation goals, with particular reference to the transport sector, and confirms Eni’s energy transition path.
    • The project is part of Enilive’s strategy to reach more than five million tonnes of biorefinery capacity by 2030.

    The European Investment Bank (EIB) and Eni have signed a €500 million 15-year finance contract to support the conversion of Eni’s Livorno refinery in Tuscany into a biorefinery. The agreement was signed today at Eni’s headquarters in San Donato Milanese by EIB Vice-President Gelsomina Vigliotti and Eni CEO Claudio Descalzi.

    Eni’s project involves the construction of new plants to produce hydrogenated biofuels at the Livorno refinery site, including a biogenic pre-treatment unit and a 500 000-tonne/year Ecofining™ plant.

    Thanks to its proprietary Ecofining™ technology, Eni’s company dedicated to sustainable mobility, Enilive, produces HVO (hydrogenated vegetable oil) – a biofuel made from renewable raw materials[1] such as used cooking oil and agrifood waste. Pure HVO can now be used in approved engines and is distributed through existing infrastructure.

    EIB Vice-President Gelsomina Vigliotti said: “The EIB financing is key to delivering a project of high environmental, technological and strategic value, helping to promote the decarbonisation of the transport sector. This is a concrete example of how industrial innovation can accelerate the path towards climate neutrality, while generating sustainable value for regions.”

    Eni CEO Claudio Descalzi said: “The agreement with the EIB confirms Eni’s concrete and high-quality commitment in the transition towards increasingly decarbonized energy. It also underscores the validity of our approach, which is to invest and leverage all available and effective initiatives and technologies for reducing emissions. This virtuous approach is now leading us to convert a third refinery into a biorefinery in Italy, following the examples of Venice and Gela.”

    HVO biofuels play a key role because they can make an immediate contribution to reducing transport sector emissions generated not only on roads, but also by air traffic, maritime and rail transport (calculated along the entire value chain). The conversion of the Livorno site is in line with Enilive’s strategy to increase the production of biofuels in response to growing demand in Europe and Italy, in order to meet both emission reduction targets under RED III (Renewable Energy Directive) and the obligations to release pure biofuels for use as defined by Italian legislation. Worldwide, it is estimated that the demand for hydrogenated biofuels will increase by 65% over the period 2024-2028[2].

    The Livorno biorefinery will be able to treat different types of biogenic charges, mainly waste and residues of plant origin, to produce HVO diesel, HVO naphtha and bio-LPG.

    Among the distinctive features of the project, in addition to the adoption of advanced technologies, there is the possibility in the future of modifying the layout of the plant to have the flexibility to also produce sustainable aviation fuel (SAF), which is a key element of efforts to decarbonise aviation. This gives flexibility to the investment and brings it up to speed with the environmental priorities of the European Union, broadening the potential impact.

    This operation is part of the energy transition at national and European level, contributing substantially to decarbonisation of the transport sector and the reduction of CO2 emissions. It also supports the achievement of Italy’s targets for the production of pure biofuels, which under current legislation provides for a gradual increase in use from 300 000 tonnes per year in 2023 to one million tonnes by 2030.

    Background information

    The European Investment Bank (ElB) is the long-term lending institution of the European Union, owned by its Member States. It finances investments that contribute to EU policy objectives. EIB projects bolster competitiveness, drive innovation, promote sustainable development, enhance social and territorial cohesion, and support a just and swift transition to climate neutrality. In the last five years, the EIB Group has provided more than €58 billion in financing for projects in Italy. All projects financed by the EIB Group are in line with the Paris Climate Agreement. The EIB Group does not fund investments in fossil fuels. We are on track to deliver on our commitment to support €1 trillion in climate and environmental sustainability investment in the decade to 2030 as pledged in our Climate Bank Roadmap. Over half of the EIB Group’s annual financing supports projects directly contributing to climate change mitigation and adaptation, and a healthier environment. Approximately half of the EIB’s financing within the European Union is directed towards cohesion regions, where per capita income is lower.

    Eni is a global energy tech company operating in 64 Countries, with about 32.500 employees. Originally an oil & gas company, it has evolved into an integrated energy company, playing a key role in ensuring energy security and leading the energy transition. Eni’s goal is to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050 through the decarbonization of its processes and of the products it sells to its customers. In line with this goal, Eni invests in the research and development of technologies that can accelerate the transition to increasingly sustainable energy. Renewable energy sources, bio-refining, carbon capture and storage are only some examples of Eni’s areas of activity and research. In addition, the company is exploring game-changing technologies such as fusion energy – a technology based on the physical processes that power stars and that could generate safe, virtually limitless energy with zero emissions.


    [1] In accordance with the EU Renewable Energy Directive

    [2] IEA Renewables 2023 report, main case, analysis and forecast to 2028.

    MIL OSI Europe News