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Category: Science

  • MIL-OSI USA: After Request from Warren and Senators, Government Watchdog Opens Investigation into How Trump’s Purge of Workers Harms Americans’ Health and Safety

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Massachusetts – Elizabeth Warren
    March 24, 2025
    Response from GAO (PDF)
    Washington, D.C. – Following a request from U.S. Senators Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass), Tammy Baldwin (D-Wisc.), Richard Blumenthal (D-Conn.), Cory Booker (D-N.J.), Tammy Duckworth (D-Ill.), Kirsten Gillibrand (D-N.Y.), Amy Klobuchar (D-Minn.), Edward J. Markey (D-Mass.), Jeff Merkley (D-Ore.), Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.), and Ron Wyden (D-Ore.), the Government Accountability Office (GAO) agreed to open an investigation into how the Trump administration’s firing of probationary federal workers will impact Americans’ health and safety. 
    Thousands of these recently fired federal employees were responsible for protecting Americans’ health and safety, across areas like air travel, flood and wildfire response, infectious disease control, nuclear safety, veterans’ healthcare and benefits, food safety, and managing the opioid epidemic.
    In recent weeks, courts have ordered the Trump administration to reinstate probationary employees, only for many of the employees to be reinstated and immediately placed on administrative leave, still leaving the health and safety of Americans at risk. 
    On March 6, 2025, Senator Elizabeth Warren led 10 Democratic senators in writing to the Government Accountability Office requesting an investigation into how the recent mass firings of probationary federal workers have impacted Americans’ health and safety.
    “GAO accepts your request as work that is within the scope of its authority,” wrote agency officials, noting that the work would begin “shortly.” GAO’s investigation is set to investigate how the recent firings of probationary federal workers affect the health and safety of Americans. 
    Senator Warren has been a leader in standing up for federal workers amidst Donald Trump’s and Elon Musk’s government takeover: 
    On March 20, 2025, Senators Elizabeth Warren and Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.) led a letter to Secretary of Education Linda McMahon regarding the Trump Administration’s decision to slash the capacity of Federal Student Aid to handle student aid complaints.
    On March 19, 2025, at a town hall in Lowell, MA, Senator Elizabeth Warren laid out her strategy, including fighting the illegal mass firings in the courts, to fight Donald Trump’s and Elon Musk’s dangerous government takeover, which is hurting Massachusetts families, and she invited neighbors from Lowell to join her in the fight.
    On March 3, 2025, Senator Elizabeth Warren announced Doug Kowalewski, a National Science Foundation employee who was fired unexpectedly as part of Elon Musk’s and the Department of Government Efficiency’s (DOGE) gutting of the federal workforce, as her guest at the 2025 State of the Union. Senator Warren brought Doug “to force Trump to confront the federal workers he fired – the people who make this country run.” 
    On February 20, 2025, Senator Elizabeth Warren secured an investigation by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s Inspector General into how the Acting Chairman rescinding more than 200 job offers to bank examiners impacts the U.S. banking system. 
    On February 18, 2025, Senator Elizabeth Warren led a letter demanding that the U.S. Housing and Urban Development Secretary, Scott Turner, halt any further staff cuts at the agency, noting that additional staffing reductions would further exacerbate the housing crisis and would likely prevent HUD from being able to meet critical functions like supporting disaster recovery efforts. 

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Aberdeen law professor elected to the Royal Society of Edinburgh Professor Abbe Brown is among the new Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (RSE) recognised as outstanding individuals whose contributions are shaping society in Scotland and beyond.

    Source: University of Aberdeen

    Professor Abbe BrownProfessor Abbe Brown is among the new Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh (RSE) recognised as outstanding individuals whose contributions are shaping society in Scotland and beyond.
    The Professor of Intellectual Property Law at the University of Aberdeen is among the 2025 cohort celebrating leading minds from across science, the arts, business, public life, and academia.
    Others include cartoonist and artist Kate Charlesworth whose vast library of work includes commissions from national newspapers, theatres, wildlife trusts, Greenpeace, New Scientist, Aardman Animations, and Spitting Image.
    Pioneer of space technology, Professor Asad Madni, has also been elected as an Honorary Fellow alongside David Field, Chief Executive of the Royal Zoological Society of Scotland and Professor Patricia Findlay who is professor of work and employment relations at the University of Strathclyde.
    The Royal Society of Edinburgh (RSE), Scotland’s National Academy was established in 1783 for ‘the advancement of learning and useful knowledge’. Its 1800-strong fellowship providesindependent expert advice to policymakers and inspire the next generation of innovative thinkers.
    Professor Brown’s research explores the levels of intersection between intellectual property and other legal fields and the possible impact on key societal challenges including health, digital technology, disability, climate change and ocean governance. She maintains strong links with the legal profession and with policy making in Scotland.
    She said: “I am honoured to become a Fellow of the Royal Society Edinburgh. I look forward to contributing to its ongoing impact in addressing key societal challenges, in Scotland and more widely.”
    President of the RSE, Professor Sir John Ball PRSE, said: “It is my sincere pleasure to welcome each of our new Fellows – from the worlds of academia, public service, business, and the arts – to Scotland’s National Academy.
    “They represent excellence in their fields and will reinforce our ability to tackle the challenges that Scotland, and indeed the wider world, faces now and in the future.
    “Across a range of disciplines, they have each shown an unshakeable commitment to their research, work or craft, and it is exactly this superlative level of accomplishment that makes them belong as Fellows of the RSE.
    “I would like to extend my heartfelt congratulations to all of our new Fellows, and I hope they will avail themselves of all that our great National Academy has to offer them.”

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI Global: How eating undercooked pork could leave your body and brain riddled with tapeworm larvae

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Adam Taylor, Professor of Anatomy, Lancaster University

    Pork tapeworm taenia solium D. Kucharski K. Kucharska/Shutterstock

    Eating undercooked meat is never a good idea – it can give you a nasty case of food poisoning within 24 hours. And there are other, longer-term risks to be wary of too.

    Spare a thought for the patient who attended a Florida hospital to be X-rayed following a fall – only to discover he was riddled with parasitic eggs that had turned into thousands of cysts inside his body.

    Sam Ghali, an urgent care doctor from the University of Florida, recently shared an image of the X-ray on social media, explaining that the patient had developed the condition after eating undercooked pork infected with tapeworm larvae.

    Pork can carry taenia solium larvae, a parasitic tapeworm. After eating infected pork, the larvae get into body tissues where they form cysts – a condition called cysticercosis. The larvae can travel anywhere in the body including muscles, liver, lungs and kidneys before decaying, which can lead to infections.

    While in many tissues the larvae may develop undetected, in the skin or muscles noticeable bulges may appear.

    Cysticercosis can be diagnosed through a variety of tests, including imaging, blood tests and potentially a lumbar puncture to look at cerebrospinal fluid.

    Parasites on the brain

    If you’re particularly unlucky, larvae cysts could travel to the brain, leading to neurocysticercosis – a main cause of acquired epilepsy worldwide.

    On entry to the body, the parasite is in “immunologic equilibrium” with its host – meaning that it suppresses the body’s various immune responses and causes only minimal, if any, tissue inflammation. Eventually, though, neurocysticercosis can cause worrying symptoms including severe headaches, blindness, convulsions and epileptic seizures.

    In the final stage of the disease, the cysts degenerate and die, leaving a small calcified scar behind. This remnant often invokes an immune response in the body which can further increase calcification – the buildup of calcium deposits in body tissues. Calcified brain scars can contribute to symptoms including seizures long after the cyst has degenerated.

    Robert F. Kennedy Jr’s claim in his 2012 divorce deposition that previous health issues were “caused by a worm that got into my brain and ate a portion of it and then died” is a now notorious example of possible neurocysticercosis.

    RFK Jr. also described the effects of the parasite in his deposition: “I have cognitive problems, clearly. I have short-term memory loss, and I have longer-term memory loss that affects me.”



    Read more:
    Did a worm really eat part of Robert F. Kennedy Jr.’s brain?

    Wash your hands

    Intestinal infection by an adult tapeworm is called taeniasis. In humans, although the tapeworm can cause an upset stomach, it can also be asymptomatic – apart from rice grain-sized eggs in the faeces.

    There are three tapeworms that can lead to taeniasis: taenia saginata, taenia solium and taenia asiatica. Taenia saginata is transmitted by cattle whereas taenia solium and taenia asiatica are transmitted by pigs. Once in the intestines, these tapeworms continue to grow. After approximately four months, they release hundreds of proglottids (fertilised eggs) into the host’s gastrointestinal tract. These proglottids are expelled from body in faeces but are instantly infectious.

    As well as eating infected meat, humans can be infected by drinking contaminated water – or by infected people not washing hands their after going to the toilet and then preparing food.

    How to kill a tapeworm

    Anthelmintic drugs, including praziquantel and niclosamide, either kill or paralyse the tapeworm, making it easier for the body to expel it through faeces.

    But some studies report that approximately 38% of cysts calcify after taking anthelmintic drugs, worsening symptoms. Anti-inflammatory drugs may be used to treat neurocysticercosis cases, to prevent additional calcification occurring as part of the inflammatory response.

    In developing regions of the world, or where some of these drugs are not licensed or less accessible, more traditional remedies may be used to kill tapeworms or expel them from the body, while preventing infectious proglottids from being released. Studies show that eating a combination of pumpkin seeds and areca nuts allowed almost 80% of people with intestinal tapeworms to pass them whole.

    To avoid contracting a tapeworm or cysticercosis, observe basic hygiene measures such as regular hand washing. Also wash and peel your vegetables in clean water before eating them.

    If seeing the effects of cysticercosis hasn’t put you off pork for good, avoid the risk of infection by ensuring your pork is properly cooked to at least 80°C for ten minutes to kill all tapeworm eggs. Lower temperatures work too, but require longer cooking times. Of course, cooking meat thoroughly like this should also help you avoid any nasty cases of food poisoning.

    Adam Taylor does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. How eating undercooked pork could leave your body and brain riddled with tapeworm larvae – https://theconversation.com/how-eating-undercooked-pork-could-leave-your-body-and-brain-riddled-with-tapeworm-larvae-250840

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: What makes the human brain unique? We compared it with monkeys and apes to find out

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Rogier Mars, Professor of Neurosciences, University of Oxford

    KensCanning/Shutterstock

    Scientists have long tried to understand the human brain by comparing it to other primates. Researchers are still trying to understand what makes our brain different to our closest relatives. Our recent study may have brought us one step closer by taking a new approach – comparing the way brains are internally connected.

    The Victorian palaeontologist Richard Owen incorrectly argued that the human brain was the only brain to contain a small area termed the Hippocampus minor. He claimed that made it unique among the animal kingdom and, he argued, the human brain was therefore clearly unrelated to other species. We’ve learnt a lot since then about the organisation and function of our brain, but there is still much to learn.

    Most studies comparing the human brain to that of other species focus on size. This can be the size of the brain, size of the brain relative to the body, or or the size of parts of the brain to the rest of it. However, measures of size don’t tell us anything about the internal organisation of the brain. For instance, although the enormous brain of an elephant contains three times as many neurons as the human brain, these are predominantly located in the cerebellum, not in the neocortex that is commonly associated with human cognitive abilities.

    Until recently, studying the brain’s internal organisation was painstaking work. The advent of medical imaging techniques, however, has opened up new possibilities to look inside the brains of animals quickly, in great detail, and without harming the animal.

    We used publicly available MRI data of white matter, the fibres connecting parts of the brain’s cortex. Communication between brain cells runs along these fibres. This costs energy and the mammalian brain is therefore relatively sparsely connected, concentrating communications down a few central pathways.

    The connections of each brain region tell us a lot about its functions. The set of connections of any brain region is so specific that brain regions have a unique connectivity fingerprint.

    In our study, we compared these connectivity fingerprints across the human, chimpanzee and macaque monkey brain. The chimpanzee is, together with the bonobo, our closest living relative. The macaque monkey is the non-human
    primate best known to science. Comparing the human brain to both species meant we could not only assess which parts of our brain are unique to us, but also which parts are likely to be shared heritage with our non-human relatives.

    Much of the previous research on human brain uniqueness has focused on the prefrontal cortex, a group of areas at the front of our brain linked to complex thought and decision making. We indeed found that aspects of prefrontal cortex had a connectivity fingerprint in the human that we couldn’t find in the other animals, particularly when we compared the human to the macaque monkey.

    A higher value means the brains are more different.
    JNeurosci/Rogier Mars and Katherine Bryant, CC BY-NC-ND

    But the main differences we found were not in the prefrontal cortex. They were in the temporal lobe, a large part of cortex located approximately behind the ear. In the primate brain, this area is devoted to deep processing of information from our two main senses: vision and hearing. One of the most dramatic findings was in the middle part of the temporal cortex.

    The feature driving this distinction was the arcuate fasciculus, a white matter tract connecting the frontal and temporal cortex and traditionally associated with processing language in humans. Most if not all primates have an arcuate fasciculus but it is much larger in human brains.

    However, we found that focusing solely on language may be too narrow. The brain
    areas that are connected via the arcuate fasciculus are also involved in other cognitive functions, such as integrating sensory information and processing complex social behaviour. Our study was the first to find the arcuate fasciculus is involved in these functions. This insight underscores the complexity of human brain evolution, suggesting that our advanced cognitive abilities arose not from a single change, as scientists thought, but through several, interrelated changes in brain connectivity.

    While the middle temporal arcuate fasciculus is a key player in language processing, we also found differences between the species in a region more at the back of the temporal cortex. This temporoparietal junction area is critical in processing information about others, such as understanding others’ beliefs and intentions, a cornerstone of human social interaction.

    In humans, this brain area has much more extensive connections to other parts of
    the brain processing complex visual information, such as facial expressions and
    behavioural cues. This suggests that our brain is wired to handle more intricate
    social processing than those of our primate relatives. Our brain is wired up to be
    social.

    These findings challenge the idea of a single evolutionary event driving the
    emergence of human intelligence. Instead, our study suggests brain evolution happened in steps. Our findings suggest changes in frontal cortex organisation occurred in apes, followed by changes in temporal cortex in the lineage leading to humans.

    Richard Owen was right about one thing. Our brains are different from those of other species – to an extent. We have a primate brain, but it’s wired up to make us even more social than other primates, allowing us to communicate through spoken language.

    Rogier Mars receives funding from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) UK and the Medical Research Council (MRC) UK.

    Katherine Bryant does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. What makes the human brain unique? We compared it with monkeys and apes to find out – https://theconversation.com/what-makes-the-human-brain-unique-we-compared-it-with-monkeys-and-apes-to-find-out-252331

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Five ways cannabis can contribute to a green future

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Julyan Levy, PhD Candidate, Social Sciences, Coventry University

    24K-Production/Shutterstock

    Cannabis legalisation could raise £1.5 billion for the UK economy, according to a recent report from the charity Transform. But aside from this plant’s economic benefits, cannabis also has many ecological advantages.

    My research into the potential role of cannabis in shaping a fairer and healthier world never fails to excite me. Cannabis flowers became legally allowed as a medicine in the UK in 2018, but its origins as a medicinal herb in Britain dates back to at least Anglo-Saxon times. Its popularity is evident in the many place names scattered across the country, from Hemel Hempstead in Hertfordshire to Littlehempston in Devon.

    Hemp is a colloquial term for the cannabis plant, Cannabis sativa. Hemp often refers to strains of cannabis that have had its main psychoactive chemical, tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), bred out of the female flowers.

    Due to the negative associations cannabis has picked up over the past 50 years of prohibition, hemp farmers have distanced themselves from using the term cannabis. In the UK, this association has resulted in strict conditions for growing hemp creating a barrier for farmers.

    In recent years, cannabidiol (CBD), the main non psychoactive chemical found in female cannabis flowers, has become popular as a wellness product. CBD is abundant in low-THC hemp flowers, so it’s easy for the lines between hemp and cannabis to become blurred.

    It’s all cannabis. This plant has some incredible environmental benefits, from improving soil health to storing carbon. Here are five ways that cannabis plants can contribute to a greener planet:

    1. Productive harvests

    Hemp stems have a woody core, known as shivs, that can be mixed with lime to make hempcrete, a carbon-neutral alternative to concrete. Concrete production is one of the major sources of global greenhouse gas emissions. Hempcrete could be used to build eco-friendly social housing across the UK.

    Hemp seeds are a nutritious food source, high in protein and omega-3. With the UK’s food system in crisis, hemp seeds and the oil they produce could be a more widespread sustainable homegrown food source if hemp could be grown on an industrial scale.

    But industrial monocultures of crops are harmful to biodiversity. One alternative is agroecology – working with nature to prioritise biodiversity through small-scale farming.

    Hemp is ideally suited to agroecology, but it’s not an easy crop to grow in the UK
    because licensing laws make it very difficult for hemp farmers to tap into a global market worth billions.

    Farmers at one community farm, Hempen in Oxfordshire, sowed their first hemp crop over an area of 30 acres. In 2019, Hempen were forced to destroy their CBD harvest as their licence wasn’t renewed.

    In California, THC strains are allowed. One farming community started producing its own CBD-based medicines on just one acre of land. Others use the plant in other interesting ways, from rehabilitating formally incarcerated people to off-grid market gardens.

    Hemp offers potential as a fast-growing crop that enriches soil health.
    MAR007/Shutterstock

    2. Healthy soils

    Soil is essential for growing 98.8% of our food. Yet, it is often contaminated with toxic chemicals from industrial processes or the legacies of war.

    A process known as phytoremediation cleans the soil of these toxic contaminants. Hemp’s deep roots have a high tolerance for absorbing dangerous heavy metals. It is also a great break crop – this is a way for farmers to rotate the types of crops they grow to keep the soil healthy.



    Read more:
    Hemp is more sustainable than timber – here’s how it could transform low-carbon construction

    3. Plastic alternatives

    Plastic is poisoning our bodies and our planet. Recent reports suggest that the human brain may contain enough microplastics to make a spoon.

    Bioplastics made from hemp are biodegradable, composting down into organic matter leaving no microplastics. Hemp bioplastics are already being used by a number of commercial companies from building cars to packaging.

    Bioplastics do not offer a complete solution, but with the right infrastructure they could help reduce the need to derive more plastics from fossil fuels.

    4. Carbon storage

    Trees and other plants remove carbon dioxide from the air through the process of photosynthesis. Hemp is great at this, storing twice as much carbon dioxide than trees.

    Hemp is easy to grow without synthetic chemical inputs. It requires virtually no pesticides and reaches maturity much more quickly than trees. Once it absorbs the carbon, it’s easily stored in hempcrete blocks that can be used in construction.

    5. Energy storage

    It’s very difficult to store excess energy from renewable sources for use at a later date when the sun might not be shining or the wind isn’t blowing. Big batteries are one solution but these require mining precious metals.

    Another solution are supercapacitors – mega-efficient energy storage solutions that can be as small as a coin. Graphene, a flat material stronger than steel, is an essential element in the production of supercapacitors but it’s expensive and energy-intensive to make.

    The whole stem biomass (unused plant waste) from cannabis could provide a low-cost way to make graphene. Research shows that supercapacitors using hemp-based graphene perform much more efficiently than current commercial models.

    Hemp has many other known uses, from textiles to paper. The UK could lead the way in hemp innovation. The previous UK government did announce some minor changes to hemp licensing. Now, further changes to legislation could help farmers to harness the potential of this wondercrop in the fight against climate change.

    Don’t have time to read about climate change as much as you’d like?

    Get a weekly roundup in your inbox instead. Every Wednesday, The Conversation’s environment editor writes Imagine, a short email that goes a little deeper into just one climate issue. Join the 40,000+ readers who’ve subscribed so far.

    Julyan Levy is affiliated with The Green Party of England and Wales.

    – ref. Five ways cannabis can contribute to a green future – https://theconversation.com/five-ways-cannabis-can-contribute-to-a-green-future-251523

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine Student Receives SBB Research Group Foundation STEM Scholarship

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    CHICAGO, March 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — The SBB Research Group Foundation named Lisa Young a recipient of its STEM scholarship. The $2,500 award empowers students to create value for society by pursuing higher learning through interdisciplinary combinations of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM).

    Lisa Young, a fourth-year medical student, studies at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. She is a Medical Student Anesthesia Research Fellow. She has conducted research in a neural engineering lab to investigate the effects of transcutaneous spinal cord stimulation on fine motor function in rats with cervical spinal cord injuries.

    “Lisa is working in extremely competitive areas of the medical field, and we are excited to see what she does with her experience,” said Matt Aven, co-founder and board member of the SBB Research Group Foundation.

    For eligibility criteria and more information on the Foundation’s STEM scholarship, please visit http://www.sbbscholarship.org.

    About the SBB Research Group Foundation

    The SBB Research Group Foundation is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit that furthers the philanthropic mission of SBB Research Group LLC (SBBRG), a Chicago-based investment management firm led by Sam Barnett, Ph.D., and Matt Aven. The Foundation sponsors the SBB Research Group Foundation STEM Scholarship, supporting students pursuing Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) degrees. In addition to its scholarship program, the Foundation provides grants to support ambitious organizations solving unmet needs with thoughtful, long-term strategies.

    Contact: Erin Noonan
    Organization: SBB Research Group Foundation
    Email: scholarship@sbbrg.org
    Address: 450 Skokie Blvd, Building 600, Northbrook, IL 60062 United States
    Phone: 1-847-656-1111
    Website: https://www.sbbscholarship.com/

    A photo accompanying this announcement is available at
    https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/a3eb157a-17c0-4f39-9d3d-dcdb07edc9ef

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Duckworth Visits Quad Cities International Airport, Underscores How Trump’s Illegal Funding Freeze Hurts Local Infrastructure and Jobs

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Illinois Tammy Duckworth

    March 22, 2025

    [MOLINE, IL] – U.S. Senator Tammy Duckworth (D-IL)—member of the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation (CST) and Ranking Member of the Subcommittee on Aviation, Space and Innovation—today met with Quad Cities International Airport Director Benjamin Leischner and airport leadership to hear concerns about the impacts of Trump’s Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) staff cuts. Duckworth also discussed the over $2.7 million in federal funding she secured last year through the Airport Improvement Plan (AIP) for airfield safety. Photos of today’s visit are available on the Senator’s website.

    “Quad Cities International Airport is an essential economic hub for our state and the region,” Duckworth said. “During our meeting, we discussed how Donald Trump and Elon Musk’s FAA layoffs are jeopardizing safety at a time when we should be investing more in our aviation system—not less. As we continue to face an aviation safety crisis, I will keep working alongside QC Airport leadership to advocate for federal investments that will make our skies safer, modernize infrastructure and support economic development across the Quad Cities.”

    In September, Duckworth and U.S. Senate Minority Whip Dick Durbin (D-IL) announced a total of $37,031,074 in federal funding for infrastructure improvements at airports across Illinois—including $2,765,727 for the Quad Cities International Airport through the Airport Improvement Program (AIP). This funding, provided by the U.S. Department of Transportation’s Federal Aviation Administration, supports airport improvement projects across the state such as reinforcing taxiway structural integrity, expanding terminal buildings to accommodate more passengers and aircraft operations and implementing modernization measures. These measures include reducing noise pollution for nearby residents, increasing clean energy opportunities, improving drainage infrastructure and mitigating wildlife attractants.

    Earlier this month, Duckworth and Durbin sent a letter to Secretary of Transportation Sean Duffy criticizing the Trump Administration’s mismanagement of federal funding for Illinois transportation and infrastructure projects. In their letter, the Senators called for more clarity on the future of transportation and infrastructure grants and formula funding for states that were included in the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law, which was strongly supported by both Duckworth and Durbin.

    -30-

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Duckworth Visits Parr Instruments to Discuss Economic Impacts of Trump’s Tariffs on Illinois Manufacturing

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Illinois Tammy Duckworth

    March 22, 2025

    [MOLINE, IL] – U.S. Senator Tammy Duckworth (D-IL)—a member of the U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science and Transportation (CST)—visited Parr Instrument Company yesterday to tour the facility and discuss with company leaders and members of the Illinois Manufacturing Excellence Center (IMEC) how Trump’s tariffs threaten Illinois’s manufacturing industry. For over 125 years, Parr Instrument Company has designed and built high precision laboratory equipment. However, because of President Trump’s reckless, blanket tariffs on critical materials such as steel and aluminum, Parr could face increased costs and supply chain disruptions, threatening jobs and the stability of their workforce. Photos of yesterday’s visit are available on the Senator’s website.

    “Trump’s chaotic, sweeping tariffs will negatively impact Illinois’s workforce and manufacturers, while harming our nation’s allies around the world,” Duckworth said. “The consequences of Trump’s needless trade wars will hurt key Illinois manufacturers like Parr Instrument Company, which employs many hardworking, middle-class workers across the Quad Cities. I’m proud to work alongside Illinois manufacturing leaders as we continue to push back against Trump and his one-sided political interests.”

    “It was a pleasure and honor to host Senator Duckworth at our facilities at Parr Instrument Company,” said Jim Nelson, President and Chief Executive Officer of Parr. “I appreciated the Senator’s sincere interest in the challenges small and mid-size manufactures are facing in today’s world. She takes a pragmatic approach to the issues and works in a bipartisan manner in her your representation of her constituents.”

    Duckworth is a proven leader in securing international investments that drive commerce and job growth in Illinois—all while strengthening economic ties with Indo-Pacific nations and improving security in the region. As a member of the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee, Duckworth led a bipartisan delegation of her Senate colleagues to Taiwan last year to further enhance our bilateral economic ties, including deepening our trade ties on chip manufacturing and agricultural investments.

    Parr Instrument Company, based in Moline, Illinois, designs, manufactures, and sells laboratory instruments for testing fuels and conducting chemical reactions under heat and pressure. Its equipment is used in chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical, and biotech research labs. The company employs about 100 skilled professionals and machinists at its Moline plant and operates a sales and service branch in Frankfurt, Germany.

    -30-

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI Russia: Polytechnic at the XV St. Petersburg International Educational Forum

    Translartion. Region: Russians Fedetion –

    Source: Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University – Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University –

    From March 24 to 28, the 15th St. Petersburg International Educational Forum (SPIEF) is taking place in St. Petersburg — one of the leading professional events in the Russian education sector. The program includes more than 350 events of various formats at 200 venues in St. Petersburg on four tracks: “Personnel for the Economy and Technological Sovereignty”, “Teacher”, “Education of a Citizen”, “Children with Special Educational Needs”. The 2025 forum is held under the motto “Global Challenges — Local Solutions”, emphasizing the role of the teacher in a rapidly changing world.

    In 2025, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University will participate in 32 events of the forum and will also be the organizer of four events. The main objective of the Polytechnic University’s participation is to introduce school teachers, career guidance specialists, and college employees to the opportunities that the university provides for students. The University will also present programs and events that allow applicants to learn more about the Polytechnic University to make it easier for them to decide on their choice of higher education institution and their future career.

    The first event of the St. Petersburg International Educational Forum with the participation of the Polytechnic University was the practical conference “New Paradigm of Engineering and Technological Education of Schoolchildren”, organized by Gymnasium No. 642 “Earth and Universe”. Varvara Sotova, Director of the Center for the Formation of the Contingent of Students, took part in the panel discussion. The conference is dedicated to solving the issues of training engineering personnel and the role of general education organizations in achieving technological sovereignty through a system of career guidance, organization of targeted training and employment of graduates at industrial enterprises of the region.

    At the conference “Pre-professional training and creation of a comprehensive environment for professional self-determination of schoolchildren”, held in Lyceum No. 144, Artem Egupov, director of the Center for work with applicants, spoke, sharing his experience of conducting career guidance work and the specifics of organizing engineering education at the Polytechnic University.

    At the seminar “A New Generation of Engineers: Who and How Prepares Personnel?” Acting Director of the Center for Work with Educational Organizations Georgy Shkolnik presented advanced approaches and methods of working with educational institutions that have been successfully applied at the university. Particular attention was paid to additional education programs that allow students to delve deeper into their chosen field of activity even before entering the university.

    Senior teacher of additional education of the Higher Engineering School Maria Sinitsyna spoke at the seminar “Support for pre-professional self-determination of primary school students in the field of engineering professions and professions in the natural sciences.” She shared the successful experience of the Academy, aimed at developing the interest of schoolchildren in information technology and engineering. The programs allow children to gradually deepen their knowledge in the field of programming, robotics and other engineering disciplines, which helps them prepare for admission to in-demand IT and technical areas at the university.

    Nikolai Snegiryov, Head of the Directorate of Pre-University Education and Talent Attraction, took part in one of the sections of the discussion platform, “Personnel for a High-Tech Economy: Challenges and Solutions.” Nikolai emphasized the importance of a continuous process of education and training, which begins at school and continues at all subsequent stages of professional training. Particular attention was paid to the issues of early self-determination of schoolchildren and students. Strategies aimed at helping young people choose their professional trajectory were discussed, including holding career guidance events and implementing specialized classes jointly with enterprises in the country.

    Polytechnic also took part in the scientific and practical seminar “Formation of the inventive culture of students: from idea to implementation”, where the speaker was Andrey Shimchenko, senior lecturer of the Higher School of Advanced Digital Technologies of the Advanced Engineering School “Digital Engineering”.

    The final event of the first day of the forum was the interregional competition of project and research works of schoolchildren of grades 8–11 “Intelligence of the Future. I am a Researcher”, where students and teachers of the Polytechnic University served on the jury.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI Russia: GUU reveals secrets of theatrical life to Moscow schoolchildren

    Translartion. Region: Russians Fedetion –

    Source: State University of Management – Official website of the State –

    As part of the project “Theatrical Backstage” implemented by the State University of Management together with the Department of Education and Science of the City of Moscow and the Moscow Center for Educational Practices, a tour of the Moscow Academic Theatre named after Vl. Mayakovsky was held for Moscow schoolchildren.

    The excursion participants included children from the school theaters “Antre” from school No. 641 named after S. Yesenin, “Novaya Skazka” from the Zelenograd Palace of Children’s and Youth Creativity, “Litsedei” from school No. 656 named after A.S. Makarenko, and MART from school No. 2094.

    The tour guide was Roman Fomin, a theater employee with 16 years of experience. He shared interesting facts about the theater, its architecture and its importance in the cultural life of the city. The tour participants learned how the theater became a place where talents and creativity intersect.

    The schoolchildren were able to see what the theatre looks like from the inside and feel the atmosphere standing in the actors’ place. Roman Fomin told them about the work of lighting and sound, and also demonstrated various mechanisms used to change the scenery.

    Then, the tour moved to the backstage areas. The children visited the dressing rooms where the actors prepare for their performances.

    The behind-the-scenes tour not only expanded the children’s knowledge of theatrical art, but also inspired them to further develop in this area.

    Subscribe to the TG channel “Our GUU” Date of publication: 03/24/2025

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Will mummy make it better? The curious case of mummified remedies in early modern medicine

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Michelle Spear, Professor of Anatomy, University of Bristol

    Andrea Izzotti/Shutterstock

    The history of medicine is filled with remedies that, viewed through a modern lens, seem perplexing, misguided or downright macabre. Among these is “mumia” — a medicinal substance derived from mummified human remains.

    From the 12th to the 17th century, physicians across Europe prescribed powdered mummy as a cure-all for ailments ranging from internal bleeding and broken bones to epilepsy and melancholia.

    Once regarded as a potent elixir infused with the life force of the ancients, mumia was a staple in apothecaries, sought after by the wealthy and recommended by the learned. Yet, as medical knowledge evolved, so too did attitudes toward this unusual remedy, and by the 18th century, it had largely faded into obscurity.

    The belief in mumia’s healing power was deeply rooted in prevailing medical theories of the time. One such theory was the doctrine of signatures, which held that natural substances resembled the ailments they were meant to cure.

    Mummified flesh, preserved for centuries, seemed an obvious candidate for treating decay, wounds and internal deterioration. Another influential idea was vitalism, the notion that life force could be transferred from one body to another, particularly from a preserved human to a living patient.

    Adding to this was the European fascination with the medical traditions of the Islamic world. Arabic physicians such as Avicenna had described the therapeutic use of bitumen – a naturally occurring tar-like substance also called mūmiyā – that had medicinal applications in wound healing.

    When these texts were translated into Latin, European scholars mistakenly conflated mūmiyā with Egyptian mummies, assuming that the embalmed dead were imbued with similar restorative properties. The result was a booming trade in ground-up human remains, with mummies sourced from Egyptian tombs, grave robbers and even local execution sites.

    Grave robbers got in on the racket.
    David Leshem/Shutterstock

    Mumia was prescribed for an astonishing array of conditions. Physicians believed it could speed up healing, prevent infection and even cure epilepsy. Ingested in powdered form or mixed into tinctures, it was recommended for internal bleeding, strokes and tuberculosis. Some suggested it could ward off melancholy or restore youthful vitality, making it a popular remedy among the European elite.

    Apothecaries stocked mummy powder alongside other human-derived medicines such as powdered skull (cranium humanum) and distilled human fat (axungia hominis).

    The more ancient the remains, the more potent they were thought to be. However, as the demand for mumia outstripped the supply of genuine Egyptian mummies, opportunistic traders turned to more recent corpses – some even resorting to robbing the gallows to meet the market’s needs.

    Eventual decline

    Despite its widespread use, mumia was not without its detractors. By the 16th century, some physicians began to question both its efficacy and its ethical implications. The Swiss physician Paracelsus (1493–1541) argued that only fresh human remains – not ancient, embalmed flesh – had medicinal value, while others dismissed the practice as nothing more than superstition.

    The growing emphasis on empirical science in the 17th and 18th centuries further eroded faith in mumia. As anatomy and pathology advanced, the idea that centuries-old preserved tissue could heal the living seemed increasingly implausible. At the same time, public attitudes toward human remains began to shift.

    The rise of Egyptology and archaeological interest in mummies reframed them as historical artefacts rather than medical commodities, making their consumption distasteful even to those who had once sworn by their healing properties.

    By the early 18th century, mumia had largely disappeared from medical practice, relegated to the annals of history as an example of medicine’s sometimes gruesome past.

    Mumia’s decline serves as a reminder of how medical knowledge evolves, shedding once-revered treatments in favour of evidence-based approaches. Yet, while medicinal cannibalism may seem shocking today, the pursuit of miraculous cures continues. From stem cell therapies to longevity supplements, the desire to harness the essence of life itself persists – albeit with more scientific rigour.

    Looking back at the use of mummified medicine, we are reminded that the boundary between science and superstition is not always as clear as we might like to believe.

    Michelle Spear does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Will mummy make it better? The curious case of mummified remedies in early modern medicine – https://theconversation.com/will-mummy-make-it-better-the-curious-case-of-mummified-remedies-in-early-modern-medicine-247727

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: How we revealed the life story of PG Tips chimp – written in her bones

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Stuart Black, Associate Professor, Department of Archaeology, University of Reading

    Chimpanzees helped to make PG Tips tea famous with their iconic TV ads in the 1970s. But what happened to these animals afterwards? Our new study, using techniques previously used only on human remains, reveals the fascinating life story of Choppers, a celebrity chimpanzee, also known as Ada Lott from the PG Tips ads.

    Zoos have transformed over the last century. They once focused on entertainment, but in the UK zoos now have a greater emphasis on education, conservation, research and welfare. And our new study, led by experts at National Museums Scotland, shows how these changes are written on Choppers’ body.

    Choppers died aged 46 in 2016, which is close to the average age for a wild or captive chimpanzee. Following her death, Choppers was donated to the National Museums of Scotland, which enabled an analytical investigation into her life through her remains. Researchers from across the UK created the most comprehensive osteobiography of a zoo animal by bringing together archival, chemical and metric analyses.

    Osteobiography involves the analysis of bones and other tissue. It is more commonly used in archaeology to reconstruct the life stories of ancient human subjects, such as Richard III, identifying where and how they lived in remarkable detail.

    As a celebrity, Choppers’ life has been extensively documented. This combination of
    archival material and osteobiographical analysis provides one of the most complete
    assessments of the life of an animal in zoo care.

    The findings of our study paint a rich picture of Choppers’ key life events, including evidence of injuries sustained when she was poached from the wild at just six weeks old. Choppers had a broken right arm, which seemed to have healed badly. Her lower arm bones were bowed and much shorter than her left side. She seems to have not been able to bear much weight on this arm, which likely contributed to joint disease here and elsewhere in her skeleton.

    It is also likely that many, if not all, of her social group were killed in her capture. The physical trauma would impact her throughout her life, impairing her movement and exacerbating degenerative issues associated with old age.

    Analysis of Choppers’ tooth enamel indicates a geographical and dietary shift between the ages of three and four, coinciding with her relocation to the UK from Sierra Leone. In the following three years she played the grandmother character in the PG Tips adverts, which ran in the UK throughout the 70s and 80s and featured a family of tea drinking chimps.

    A collection of PG Tips adverts using chimpanzees.

    The long-running ads helped PG Tips become the market leader of tea in Britain for 35 years. Her performance career was short, ending before the onset of puberty, and Choppers probably retired at around the age of six or seven. In part this is due to behavioural change as adult chimpanzees become less predictable, but also as a result of human perceptions of the cuteness of adult chimpanzees compared to infants.

    Choppers transitioned from a relatively active life with high levels of direct interaction with humans, to a sedentary life with two companion chimpanzees, Noddy and Brooke, who were also retired from the entertainment industry. She was cared for by Twycross Zoo in Leicestershire for the rest of her life.

    Choppers’ upper jaw was significantly elongated compared with wild chimpanzees, reflecting an early diet of sugary soft fruit, but also of her performance diet that mimicked that of humans. The PG Tips advertisements followed on from a longstanding trope in the mid-20th century of chimpanzees participating in tea parties, eating cake, drinking “tea” and apeing human behaviour. The chimpanzees drank fruit juice or milk rather than tea during tea parties and advertisements.

    In recent years there has been a shift towards tougher, less sugary vegetables in the diets of zoo primates, which is leading to improvements in their health and behaviour.

    Later in life, Choppers was housed for a time with another chimpanzee, Bobby. Together they had one daughter, Holly.

    Across the world today, there is considerable variation in zoo regulation, management and welfare. Despite accreditation of zoos and improved regulation, the illegal trafficking of chimpanzees and other primates into private collections and disreputable zoos continues. Choppers’ story is testament to the many thousands of chimpanzees that were (and still are) forcibly extracted from the wild for zoos, circuses, laboratories and private collections.

    Choppers was not an unusual chimpanzee, but her story is an individual one, which resonates with human attitudes towards wildlife, zoos, entertainment, welfare and quality of life.

    Stuart Black receives funding from The Wellcome Trust, UKRI and other research councils.

    David Cooper has received funding from The Wellcome Trust.

    Juliette Waterman received funding from the Wellcome Trust while this research was carried out.

    – ref. How we revealed the life story of PG Tips chimp – written in her bones – https://theconversation.com/how-we-revealed-the-life-story-of-pg-tips-chimp-written-in-her-bones-252224

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Facing annexation threats, should Canadians lament for a nation — like George Grant did in 1963?

    Source: The Conversation – Canada – By David Edward Tabachnick, Professor of Political Science, Nipissing University

    A decades-old lament for Canada is back on some Canadians’ minds as United States President Donald Trump makes repeated annexation threats.

    Canadian political philosopher George Grant’s Lament for a Nation was published in 1965 — the same year Canada’s iconic Maple Leaf flag was first unfurled on the Peace Tower on Parliament Hill — and unexpectedly inspired many Canadians to feel a sudden sense of pride and confidence that their country could and must stand up to its giant imperialistic neighbour to the south.

    Sixty years later, there are calls to “Bring Back Grumpy George” and renew his decades-old warning. There are also attempts to understand Grant’s continued relevance in the 21st century, as well as new volumes on his work.

    Canadian nationalist movement of 70s

    On the face of it, Grant’s slim volume may seem the perfect tonic for what ails Canada today. Consider that William Christian, Grant’s biographer, called its publication “one of the most significant factors in creating the Canadian nationalist movement of the 1970s” while esteemed journalist Charles P.B. Taylor dubbed it “a Bible for younger nationalists.”

    It “is the sun under which a generation of Canadian nationalists warm themselves,” Andrew Potter writes in his introduction to the 40th anniversary edition of Grant’s most famous work, “but it also casts the long dark shadows in which they must operate.”

    One need only wade a little into the volume to see those “the long dark shadows.” The subtitle to Grant’s book says it all: The Defeat of Canadian Nationalism. So, far from being a call to arms, Lament for a Nation was, as Grant put it, a “cry out at the death or at the dying of something loved…[to mourn] the end of Canada as a sovereign state.”

    In other words, Lament was never intended to whip Canadians into a nationalist fervour, but to spell out Canada’s unfortunate and inevitable disappearance as a nation.

    ‘Blending into the (U.S.) empire’

    By this logic, the next six decades of failed strategies to diversify the Canadian economy and stillborn plans to grow its military are symptoms of a disease that had already killed the patient; Canada is the zombie nation, an apparently democratic electoral system without real substance. Grant wrote:

    “Canada has ceased to be a nation, but its formal political existence will not end quickly. Our social and economic blending into the empire will continue apace, but political union will probably be delayed. Some international catastrophe or great shift of power might speed up this process.”

    For Grant, Canada’s original death knell was acquiescence to American demands that it accept their nuclear weapons on its soil. While Canada had both the technical ability and practical capacity to build its own bombs after the Second World War, leaders decided against it.

    Jack Mackenzie, first president of Atomic Energy Control Board, explained in a 1953 address: “Canada is the only country in the world with sizeable atomic energy establishments where no bombs are being made, and where all the thinking and planning is focused on peacetime aspects.”

    But in the context of the Cold War, this principled choice was viewed as a sign of weakness by Americans, who worried about Soviet bombers travelling unrestricted over the Arctic.

    Defence crisis

    This worry led to the so-called defence crisis that dominated the federal 1963 election campaign, fought between Conservative Prime Minister Diefenbaker and Liberal Lester B. Pearson.

    A beleaguered Diefenbaker had cancelled the vaunted Avro Arrow program a few years earlier, hesitated to commit the Navy to participate in the blockade of Cuba and then balked at accepting American warheads for the BOMARC interceptor missiles designed to stop those bombers.

    The pugnacious Pearson was once a champion of non-proliferation and had shocked his supporters during his infamous Scarborough speech when he announced his surprising agreement that U.S. nukes had to be deployed on Canadian soil in the name of our “commitments for Canada in continental and collective defence,” including NORAD and NATO.

    For Grant, Diefenbaker’s defeat to Pearson was a stake through the heart of the Canada from which it would never recover. In 1963, the Royal Canadian Air Force delivered a shipment of nuclear warheads to the BOMARC missile site near RCAF Station North Bay, Ont., just up the road from where I write today.

    End of Canadian nationalism?

    A few years before his passing in 1988, Grant made it clear in a 1985 interview with Lawrence (Larry) Schmidt, a theologian and a scholar of Grant’s work, that “people have read a little book I wrote called Lament for a Nation wrongly. I was talking about the end of Canadian nationalism. I was saying that this is over and people read it as if I was making an appeal for Canadian nationalism. I think that is just nonsense. I think they just read it wrongly.”

    Today, Canadian economic well-being and security are no more in Canada’s control then they were in 1965. Trump is merely saying the quiet part out loud in his craven desire to make Canada the 51st state.

    Was Grant wrong?

    But, as it turns out, Grant was wrong. Canada is not the zombie nation. It may have been in a bit of daze for the last while, but Canadians have their elbows up again.



    Read more:
    Why Gordie Howe’s elbows are Canada’s answer to Donald Trump

    Now out of a stupor, Canadians are reviewing the wisdom of purchasing F-35s, buying new radar systems to assert our sovereignty over the Arctic and attempting to drop interprovincial trade barriers.

    Mind you, this is nothing new. In the face of American disapproval, Canada trades with Cuba, claims the Northwest Passage as its internal waters and negotiated a successful Acid Rain Treaty. Canada led the charge to ban the use of land mines and refused to participate in the American missile shield plan.

    Canada didn’t send its young men to die in the jungles of Vietnam and refused to participate in the ill-conceived Iraq War. And it still protects its fresh water and health care.

    New policy for common cause

    Still, rather than merely reacting to American insults and pressures, Canada is long overdue to develop contemporary and responsive policy, the very thing Grant thought would allow Canada to become and stay a sovereign country, at least for a while.

    As writer and historical researcher Mark Wegierski notes, this could unite conservatives and progressives in common cause.

    While Canadians may be divided at times, they need to use this moment of unity to make sure Canada stays alive and kicking.

    David Edward Tabachnick does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Facing annexation threats, should Canadians lament for a nation — like George Grant did in 1963? – https://theconversation.com/facing-annexation-threats-should-canadians-lament-for-a-nation-like-george-grant-did-in-1963-252337

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Russia: HSE has launched a competitive selection process for the Russian Postdoc Program

    Translartion. Region: Russians Fedetion –

    Source: State University Higher School of Economics – State University Higher School of Economics –

    The Higher School of Economics invites researchers to take part in Program for attracting Russian postdocsThis year, 106 vacancies are available for candidates at the university’s Moscow campuses, Saint Petersburg, Perm And Nizhny NovgorodApplications will be accepted until May 16.

    The Russian Postdocs Program is aimed at attracting colleagues who have received a candidate of science or PhD degree to HSE. The competition is open to researchers under 39 years of age who have not previously worked or studied in HSE postgraduate studies.

    The program is aimed at retaining personnel in science and strengthening the practice of inter-university exchange. Winners of the competitive selection are employed as HSE research fellows for one year with the possibility of extending for a second year. They work on a research project and are involved in expanding the research agenda of departments. Colleagues can also, if they wish, teach and participate in expert-analytical projects. The postdoc will be provided with a workplace, access to information resources, databases and electronic subscriptions of HSE, as well as participation in scientific and educational events and programs for scientific advancement and career development.

    Each applicant can choose to participate in one or two projects, indicating the priority option. The full list of vacancies is published on the website of the Russian Postdocs Attraction Program. To submit an application, you must fill out form.

    Today, there are more than 50 postdocs from different regions and cities of Russia working at HSE. The program implements the practice of consultations with current participants. Online meetings are held every Wednesday at 12:00 and 17:00 Moscow time. You can ask all your questions by filling out application.

    “The program to attract Russian postdocs has allowed our still young and small laboratory to expand its research capabilities,” says Robert Sandlersky, head of International Laboratory of Landscape Ecology Faculty of Geography and Geoinformation Technologies HSE University. — The postdoc attracted under the program acquired many new skills in his first year of work that are useful for our research. The knowledge acquired at HSE allowed him to formulate his own research direction in the second year of the program, which is especially valuable for our small team. With the help of our postdoc, we organized and conducted a student expedition to his native region, Buryatia, and implemented the research project “Geoinformation support for recreational activities in Tunkinsky National Park”. Thus, the Russian Postdoc Attraction Program allowed us to expand the geography of our research and involve students in it. I am pleased to plan the next research project, for which we can attract a new active postdoc.”

    “The program for attracting Russian postdocs is a great opportunity to be involved in the activities of the best university in Russia! I am glad that I took a risk and applied for the competitive selection,” shared Anastasia Ustyuzhantseva, postdoc, research fellow Department of Operations Management and Logistics. — A wide range of professional and personal growth trajectories, English courses for any level of training, advanced training in relevant areas, work in world-class research teams — this is only a small part of what participation in the program provides. I began to look at many things in a new way, made useful contacts, and was able to concentrate on truly important professional tasks.”

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Distinguished Scientist Award Goes to UConn’s Dr. David C. Steffens

    Source: US State of Connecticut

    Dr. David C. Steffens is the 2025 recipient of the Distinguished Scientist Award from the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry.

    Steffens, professor and chair of the Department of Psychiatry at UConn School of Medicine, was named the winner of this lifetime achievement award during the annual meeting of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry on March 14 in Phoenix, Arizona.

    Steffens was honored with the Distinguished Scientist Award for his career of scientific accomplishments in the field of geriatric psychiatry, as well as his mentoring of the next generation of researchers.

    The AAGP is a national association representing and serving its members and the field of geriatric psychiatry. AAGP promotes the mental health and well-being of older people through professional education, public advocacy, and support of career development for clinicians, educators, and researchers in geriatric psychiatry and mental health.

    “I am humbled that my colleagues nominated me and that I was selected for this honor,” shared Steffens whose work focuses on mood and cognitive disorders in older adults. For over two decades he has been continuously funded by The National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) and other NIH institutes.

    Steffens has served as chair of the Department of Psychiatry at UConn since 2012. He joined UConn after more than 20 years at Duke University School of Medicine, where he had served as a professor of psychiatry, vice chair for education and division chief of Geriatric Psychiatry in the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. He is the past president of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry, has authored more than 350 peer-reviewed papers and is the primary editor of the leading textbook in geriatric psychiatry. Steffens also has considerable experience in medical education and mentoring undergraduate and graduate students, medical students, resident physicians, post-doctoral fellows and junior faculty.

    Steffens is graduate of Rice University and the University of Texas, Houston Health Science Center School of Medicine, and he completed his internship and residency in psychiatry at Duke.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI Global: How to have conversations with people who fall for misinformation this election campaign

    Source: The Conversation – Canada – By Jaigris Hodson, Associate Professor of Interdisciplinary Studies, Royal Roads University

    Canadians head to the polls on April 28. Like other recent general elections, both in Canada and around the world, this federal election campaign is sure to be characterized by polarized misinformation.

    We all have someone in our families or social circles who has political opinions grounded in false or misleading information. Whether the source of that information is Russian bots on social media, high-profile podcasters or Fox News, it’s easy to dread election-time conversations as misinformation strains our most important relationships.

    But perhaps we can approach these conversations as an opportunity to push back against growing polarization in our communities.

    My research shows that polarization and misinformation often go hand in hand, and when they do, the information being spread is strongly resistant to being corrected by way of evidence.

    But when we truly begin to listen to the people who believe misinformation, we can often help counter false claims. So in this upcoming election, how can we push back against election misinformation when we hear it? Let’s examine some strategies.



    Read more:
    5 expert tips to protect yourself from online misinformation

    The role of anxiety

    Most people think that others who believe misinformation will change their minds if provided with the right evidence, but that’s simply not true.

    People have good reasons for not wanting to change their minds, even when confronted with contradictory facts. One of the key personality traits linked to the belief in misinformation turns out to be anxiety. This can manifest in ways that resist correction.

    For example, most of us feel anxious when we have to hold two conflicting beliefs at the same time. So if we already believe misinformation and are confronted with evidence to the contrary, we may reject the evidence to avoid the dissonance of managing both beliefs.

    Additionally, people might believe something because others in their social group believe it, meaning there is social anxiety associated with rejecting the group’s belief, even if it’s wrong.

    Finally, anxiety about the future can drive people to accept misinformation that helps to relieve those fears.

    Taken together, this means that correcting political misinformation, which involves all three of the above triggers — self, social and future anxiety — cannot be accomplished solely by providing evidence. We need to mitigate these anxieties while engaging in gentle correction since outright correcting can make the anxieties worse.

    The ‘AIMS’ method

    Motivational interviewing is a proven method of pushing back against another type of polarizing misinformation: health misinformation.

    One particular approach to motivational interviewing, known as the AIMS method, has been successfully tested in Canada for countering vaccine misinformation.

    AIMS stands for Announce, Inquire, Mirror and Secure. It provides a way to address misinformation while building the sort of connection and trust that people need to reduce the anxiety that is the trigger for believing misinformation in the first place.

    The first step, Announce, is where the topic is approached. In the medical world, this usually occurs when a doctor announces that it’s time for a vaccine, but in the world of political misinformation, the announcement doesn’t have to come from a professional.

    Instead, Announce can occur when the person you are talking to announces a piece of political misinformation, like the claim that the government is vaccinating people for the purposes of controlling the population. Announce is basically where the process of addressing misinformation begins.

    Inquire is the step where motivational interviewing really begins to differ from a conventional approach of simply providing evidence to back up a false claim. In this second step, it’s important to ask questions, and approach the misinformation with a sense of curiosity.

    Basically, as you probe more and more deeply, you’re trying to understand the anxieties that are driving the misinformation belief.

    As you ask questions, you begin to also engage in the third step, Mirror. Mirroring means checking in, and repeating what you’re hearing so that the person you are talking to recognizes they’re being heard. At this stage, you can begin to introduce pieces of evidence that disprove the claims being made, but only after you truly understand the person’s concerns and can reflect them back.

    It’s also important to manage how you introduce contradictory evidence. It must be done with compassion and a gentle but reassuring manner.

    Finally, when all the concerns have been addressed, you can begin the final step, which is to Secure trust. Here you can follow up on the announcement that sparked the discussion — the original piece of misinformation — and see if the person you’re talking to now feels differently than they did before.

    Importantly, you may not be successful at securing this step in just one conversation, but if you have conducted the other steps properly, you will have built important trust that, over time, is more likely to help you counter future misinformation with the person you’re talking to.

    Preserving relationships

    Combating any misinformation, and especially political misinformation, is not a quick or easy process. It may have to take place in repeated discussions over a long period of time.

    Political misinformation is particularly difficult to counter because political views are often tied deeply to people’s self-identity, and also because political misinformation is often shared within social groups.

    But if you engage in motivated interviewing this election season, you may make a small difference. At the very least, you will help to preserve relationships with friends and loved ones that are often frayed when political misinformation enters the picture.

    Jaigris Hodson is funded through the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada’s Canada Research Chairs Program.

    – ref. How to have conversations with people who fall for misinformation this election campaign – https://theconversation.com/how-to-have-conversations-with-people-who-fall-for-misinformation-this-election-campaign-252667

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Who gets to brand Puerto Rico: Its tourism agency or its biggest star?

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Carlos A. Suárez Carrasquillo, Associate Instructional Professor in Political Science, Center for Latin American Studies, University of Florida

    The Puerto Rican rapper Bad Bunny is one of the biggest stars of the music world. After becoming Spotify’s most-streamed artist for three years in a row – the first and only artist ever to do so – he sold out all 49 dates of his 2024 U.S. tour, netting US$211 million.

    Earlier this year, after Bad Bunny co-hosted “The Tonight Show with Jimmy Fallon” and announced a 21-show residency in Puerto Rico, the recently reelected mayor of San Juan, Miguel Romero, quipped that the artist had done a better job of promoting Puerto Rico than the island’s official destination marketing organization.

    That agency, Discover Puerto Rico, was founded in 2017 to market the island to both tourists and investors. Established during the administration of Gov. Ricardo Rosselló, it was part of a broader effort to professionalize Puerto Rico’s place branding and underscored the importance of tourism to the island’s economy.

    As a scholar of Puerto Rican politics and place branding – and a native Puerto Rican – I think this case study raises interesting public policy questions: Who gets to brand Puerto Rico? Why does it matter if a place has a brand anyway? And if political leaders are dissatisfied with an agency whose sole purpose is to market the island, what comes next?

    It’s not just a place – it’s a brand

    Historically, place-branding campaigns have been led by governments seeking to attract tourism and investment. One of the most iconic examples was the “I Love New York” campaign, launched in 1977 as a collaboration between New York City and private partners. Similar public-private models became more common in the decades that followed.

    Puerto Rico has seen various branding efforts over the years. Early boosterism efforts emerged during the first half of the 20th century, and in 1970, the Puerto Rico Tourism Company was created to promote the island as a
    tourist destination. By the 1990s, many Puerto Rican municipalities had begun adopting different place branding strategies.

    During Puerto Rico’s deepening fiscal crisis in the 2010s, branding efforts remained a bipartisan priority. But the two dominant political parties – the pro-territory Partido Popular Democrático, and the pro-statehood Partido Nuevo Progresista – each rebranded the island every time a new administration took office, raising concerns about consistency. The last major government-led initiative before Discover Puerto Rico was the “Isla Estrella” campaign, which included a sponsorship deal with Spain’s Sevilla FC soccer team.

    The ‘Discover Puerto Rico’ era

    In 2017, Discover Puerto Rico took control over the island’s place-branding efforts. However, its performance has been polarizing, with critics pointing to significant blunders. For example, an early ad in its “Live Boricua” campaign sparked backlash for featuring a family that didn’t look like most Puerto Ricans.

    Beyond its marketing blunders, Discover Puerto Rico has struggled to navigate Puerto Rico’s politically charged place-branding landscape. In fact, it has been contested from the start, and remains so, as recently elected Gov. Jennifer González evaluates its future. It remains unclear to what extent efficiency and economic development will serve as the main criteria for evaluating its success, and to what extent party politics will influence the decision-making process.

    Just a day before Mayor Romero made his remark about Bad Bunny, Discover Puerto Rico’s CEO, Brad Dean, resigned, taking a similar role in St. Louis. Dean has argued that during his tenure, Discover Puerto Rico has driven significant increases in tourism and tourism spending. While these self-reported figures suggest success, they don’t address a critical issue – the long-standing political controversy surrounding Puerto Rico’s branding.

    Pop culture carries the weight

    At the same time the future of Discover Puerto Rico remains uncertain, the island has gained unparalleled international attention thanks to popular music.

    Reggaetón, an urban genre that originated in Puerto Rico in the 1990s, has amassed a massive global fan base, extending beyond Puerto Rico and Latin America to the rest of the world. In 2017, Daddy Yankee and Luis Fonsi’s video for the worldwide hit “Despacito” turned La Perla, a working-class barrio in Old San Juan, into a magnet for tourists from all over the world.

    “Despacito” prompted a surge of visits to La Perla, as the French news agency AFP noted.

    More recently, in January 2025, Bad Bunny released his latest album, “Debí Tirar Más Fotos,” which taps into traditional Puerto Rican music genres such as bomba, plena and música jíbara that aren’t usually associated with reggaetón. It charted at No. 1. Bad Bunny also announced a Puerto Rico-exclusive concert series, with some dates reserved for locals and others open to fans worldwide.

    The success of Puerto Rican reggaetón artists raises an important question: Why have these organic cultural movements been so effective – perhaps even more so than the official expert-driven place-marketing agency – in promoting Puerto Rico as a brand?

    I think the answer probably lies in authenticity. Unlike government-led initiatives, reggaetón’s global appeal stems from its cultural resonance and emotional connection with audiences worldwide, regardless of politics.

    At this critical juncture for the island’s tourism agency, perhaps Discover Puerto Rico should rebrand itself as “Discover the Birthplace of Reggaetón.”

    Carlos A. Suárez Carrasquillo does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Who gets to brand Puerto Rico: Its tourism agency or its biggest star? – https://theconversation.com/who-gets-to-brand-puerto-rico-its-tourism-agency-or-its-biggest-star-248825

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Poor neighborhoods, health care barriers are factors for heart disease risk in Black mothers

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Curisa M. Tucker, Assistant Professor of Nursing Science, University of South Carolina

    The study examined more than 7 million births that occurred over 22 years. supersizer/E+ via Getty Images

    Living in a disadvantaged neighborhood contributes to a rare form of heart failure known as peripartum cardiomyopathy, a potentially deadly disease that disproportionately affects Black mothers.

    That’s the key finding of my recent study, published in February 2025 in the Journal of the American Heart Association.

    Peripartum cardiomyopathy can occur in pregnant or postpartum mothers during late pregnancy up to five months after birth. The disease is difficult to identify and is often misdiagnosed. Multiple studies estimate that 7% to 20% of U.S. mothers who have it don’t survive.

    As a nurse scientist with a research focus on maternal health equity, I wanted to learn more about the factors that cause peripartum cardiomyopathy.

    My team and I examined more than 7.3 million birth records in California between 1997 and 2019. By using the neighborhood deprivation index, which measures socioeconomic disadvantage in a geographic area, we linked hospital discharge and vital records information up to 12 months postpartum follow-up on each woman. From that data, we developed a more complete picture on why women developed the illness.

    We found that living in poor neighborhoods with fewer resources was associated with a 20% to 70% increased risk of developing this disease. Those in the most under-resourced neighborhoods – areas with less access to nutritious food, stable housing and quality health care – had the highest risk. This was true even after accounting for other factors, like income, race, high blood pressure and obesity.

    But living in highly stressed neighborhoods explained only part of the reason for the higher rates of peripartum cardiomyopathy in Black women. We found that even if they lived in better neighborhoods, Black women were still more than three times as likely to develop the condition than others.

    Why it matters

    Our findings suggest deeper issues are contributing to the increase in the disease, particularly in Black women.

    Barriers to health care are critical. These include insurance gaps,
    transportation issues, the biases of doctors and other providers and inadequate access to care.

    A better understanding of these factors can help policymakers develop effective interventions for all women at risk and reallocate resources – and dollars – to prevent disparities in maternal health outcomes.

    Pregnancy itself causes increased stress on the heart.

    What still isn’t known

    Our study only points to neighborhood disinvestment and chronic high blood pressure as contributors to the risk of peripartum cardiomyopathy. Unanswered questions remain about the other causes.

    More research is needed to fully understand how social determinants of health, which are the environmental conditions where people are born, live, work and play, affect health outcomes.

    For example, these communities are often food deserts – places with limited access to healthy food and larger supermarkets. Overcrowded or poor-quality housing also contribute to stress and health problems. So does the lack of safe space for physical activity.

    What’s next

    My future work will focus on further identifying the key factors that influence peripartum cardiomyopathy risk, such as economic stability and the effects of environmental stressors, like pollution.

    I’ll also track the long-term health of peripartum cardiomyopathy survivors to understand how social factors affect recovery. My ultimate goal is to inform policies and practices that reduce disparities and improve maternal heart health for all.

    The Research Brief is a short take on interesting academic work.

    NIH provided funding to support this work.

    – ref. Poor neighborhoods, health care barriers are factors for heart disease risk in Black mothers – https://theconversation.com/poor-neighborhoods-health-care-barriers-are-factors-for-heart-disease-risk-in-black-mothers-250591

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: How many types of insects are there in the world?

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Nicholas Green, Assistant Professor of Biology, Kennesaw State University

    This is a close-up photo of an ordinary garden fly. Amith Nag Photography/Moment via Getty Images

    Curious Kids is a series for children of all ages. If you have a question you’d like an expert to answer, send it to CuriousKidsUS@theconversation.com.

    How many types of insects are there in the world? – Sawyer, age 8, Fuquay-Varina, North Carolina

    Exploring anywhere on Earth, look closely and you’ll find insects. Check your backyard and you may see ants, beetles, crickets, wasps, mosquitoes and more. There are more kinds of insects than there are mammals, birds and plants combined. This fact has fascinated scientists for centuries.

    One of the things biologists like me do is classify all living things into categories. Insects belong to a phylum called Arthropoda – animals with hard exoskeletons and jointed feet.

    All insects are arthropods, but not all arthropods are insects. For instance, spiders, lobsters and millipedes are arthropods, but they’re not insects.

    Instead, insects are a subgroup within Arthropoda, a class called “Insecta,” that is characterized by six legs, two antennae and three body segments – head, abdomen and the thorax, which is the part of the body between the head and abdomen.

    The mandibles of the ants are its jaws; the petiole is the ant’s waist.
    Vector Mine/iStock via Getty Images Plus

    Most insects also have wings, although a few, like fleas, don’t. All have compound eyes, which means insects see very differently from the way people see. Instead of one lens per eye, they have many: a fly has 5,000 lenses; a dragonfly has 30,000. These types of eyes, though not great for clarity, are excellent at detecting movement.

    What is a species?

    All insects descend from a common ancestor that lived about about 480 million years ago. For context, that’s about 100 million years before any of our vertebrate ancestors – animals with a backbone – ever walked on land.

    A species is the most basic unit that biologists use to classify living things. When people use words like “ant” or “fly” or “butterfly” they are referring not to species, but to categories that may contain hundreds, thousands or tens of thousands of species. For example, about 18,000 species of butterfly exist – think monarch, zebra swallowtail or cabbage white.

    Basically, species are a group that can interbreed with each other, but not with other groups. One obvious example: bees can’t interbreed with ants.

    But brown-belted bumblebees and red-belted bumblebees can’t interbreed either, so they are different species of bumblebee.

    Each species has a unique scientific name – like Bombus griseocollis for the brown-belted bumblebee – so scientists can be sure which species they’re talking about.

    This is what a dragonfly looks like up close.
    Dieter Meyrl/E+ via Getty Images

    Quadrillions of ants

    Counting the exact number of insect species is probably impossible. Every year, some species go extinct, while some evolve anew. Even if we could magically freeze time and survey the entire Earth all at once, experts would disagree on the distinctiveness or identity of some species. So instead of counting, researchers use statistical analysis to make an estimate.

    One scientist did just that. He published his answer in a 2018 research paper. His calculations showed there are approximately 5.5 million insect species, with the correct number almost certainly between 2.6 and 7.2 million.

    Beetles alone account for almost one-third of the number, about 1.5 million species. By comparison, there are “only” an estimated 22,000 species of ants. This and other studies have also estimated about 3,500 species of mosquitoes, 120,000 species of flies and 30,000 species of grasshoppers and crickets.

    The estimate of 5.5 million species of insects is interesting. What’s even more remarkable is that because scientists have found only about 1 million species, that means more than 4.5 million species are still waiting for someone to discover them. In other words, over 80% of the Earth’s insect biodiversity is still unknown.

    Add up the total population and biomass of the insects, and the numbers are even more staggering. The 22,000 species of ants comprise about 20,000,000,000,000,000 individuals – that’s 20 quadrillion ants. And if a typical ant weighs about 0.0001 ounces (3 milligrams) – or one ten-thousandth of an ounce – that means all the ants on Earth together weigh more than 132 billion pounds (about 60 billion kilograms).

    That’s the equivalent of about 7 million school buses, 600 aircraft carriers or about 20% of the weight of all humans on Earth combined.

    For every person on Earth, it’s estimated there are 200 million insects.

    Many insect species are going extinct

    All of this has potentially huge implications for our own human species. Insects affect us in countless ways. People depend on them for crop pollination, industrial products and medicine. Other insects can harm us by transmitting disease or eating our crops.

    Most insects have little to no direct impact on people, but they are integral parts of their ecosystems. This is why entomologists – bug scientists – say we should leave insects alone as much as possible. Most of them are harmless to people, and they are critical to the environment.

    It is sobering to note that although millions of undiscovered insect species may be out there, many will go extinct before people have a chance to discover them. Largely due to human activity, a significant proportion of Earth’s biodiversity – including insects – may ultimately be forever lost.

    Hello, curious kids! Do you have a question you’d like an expert to answer? Ask an adult to send your question to CuriousKidsUS@theconversation.com. Please tell us your name, age and the city where you live.

    And since curiosity has no age limit – adults, let us know what you’re wondering, too. We won’t be able to answer every question, but we will do our best.

    Nicholas Green does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. How many types of insects are there in the world? – https://theconversation.com/how-many-types-of-insects-are-there-in-the-world-247333

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Rethinking repression − why memory researchers reject the idea of recovered memories of trauma

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Gabrielle Principe, Professor of Psychology, College of Charleston

    Memories and photos both can misrepresent the past. Westend61 via Getty Images

    In 1990, George Franklin was convicted of murder and sentenced to life in prison based on the testimony of his 28-year-old daughter Eileen. She described seeing him rape her best friend and then smash her skull with a rock.

    When Eileen testified at her father’s trial, her memory of the murder was relatively fresh. It was less than a year old. Yet the murder happened 20 years earlier, when she was 8 years old.

    How can you have a one-year-old memory of something that happened 20 years ago? According to the prosecution, Eileen repressed her memory of the murder. Then much later she recovered it in complete detail.

    Can a memory of something so harrowing disappear for two decades and then resurface in a reliable form?

    This case launched a huge debate between memory researchers like me who argue there is no credible scientific evidence that repressed memories exist and practicing clinicians who claim that repressed memories are real.

    This controversy is not merely an academic one. Real people’s lives have been shattered by newly recollected traumatic experiences from childhood. I’ve seen this firsthand as a memory expert who consults on legal cases involving defendants accused of crimes they allegedly committed years or even decades ago. Often the only evidence linking the defendant to the crime is a recovered memory.

    But the scientific community disagrees about the existence of the phenomenon of repressed memory.

    Freud was the father of repression

    Nineteenth-century psychoanalytic theorist Sigmund Freud developed the concept of repression. He considered it a defense mechanism people use to protect themselves from traumatic experiences that become too overwhelming.

    The idea is that repression buries memories of trauma in your unconscious, where they – unlike other memories – reside unknown to you. They remain hidden, in a pristine, fixed form.

    In Freud’s view, repressed memories make themselves known by leaking out in mental and physical symptoms – symptoms that can be relieved only through recovering the traumatic memory in a safe psychological environment.

    In the 1980s, increasing numbers of therapists became concerned about the prevalence of child sexual abuse and the historical tendencies to dismiss or hide the maltreatment of children. This shift gave new life to the concept of repression.

    Rise of repressed memory recovery

    Therapists in this camp told clients that their symptoms, such as anxiety, depression or eating disorders, were the result of repressed memories of childhood sexual abuse that needed to be remembered to heal. To recover these memories, therapists used a range of techniques such as hypnosis, suggestive questioning, repeated imagining, bodywork and group sessions.

    Did recovered-memory therapy work? Many people who entered therapy for common mental health issues did come out with new and unexpected memories of childhood sexual abuse and other trauma, without physical evidence or corroboration from others.

    But were these memories real?

    The notion of repressed memories runs counter to decades of scientific evidence demonstrating that traumatic events tend to be very well remembered over long intervals of time. Many victims of documented trauma, ranging from the Holocaust to combat exposure, torture and natural disasters, do not appear to be able to block out their memories.

    In fact, trauma sometimes is too well remembered, as in the case of post-traumatic stress disorder. Recurrent and intrusive traumatic memories are a core symptom of PTSD.

    No memory ≠ repressed memory

    There are times when victims of trauma may not remember what happened. But this doesn’t necessarily mean the memory has been repressed. There are a range of alternative explanations for not remembering traumatic experiences.

    Trauma, like anything you experience, can be forgotten as the result of memory decay. Details fade with time, and retrieving the right remnants of experience becomes increasingly difficult if not impossible.

    Someone might make the deliberate choice to not think about upsetting events. Psychologists call this motivated forgetting or suppression.

    There also are biological causes of forgetting such as brain injury and substance abuse.

    Trauma also can interfere with the making of a memory in the first place. When stress becomes too big or too prolonged, attention can shift from the experience itself to attempts to regulate emotion, endure what’s happening or even survive. This narrow focus can result in little to no memory of what happened.

    A forgotten memory isn’t just waiting around to be rediscovered – it’s gone.
    malerapaso/E+ via Getty Images

    False memories

    If science rejects the notion of repressed memories, there’s still one question to confront: Where do newly recollected trauma memories, such as those triggered in recovered-memory therapy, come from?

    All memories are subject to distortions when you mistakenly incorporate expectations, assumptions or information from others that was not part of the original event.

    Memory researchers contend that memory recovery techniques might actually create false memories of things that never happened rather than resurrect existing memories of real experiences.

    To study this possibility, researchers asked participants to elaborate on events that never happened using the same sorts of suggestive questioning techniques used by recovered-memory therapists.

    What they found was startling. They were able to induce richly detailed false memories of a wide range of childhood traumatic experiences, such as choking, hospitalization and being a victim of a serious animal attack, in almost one-third of participants.

    These researchers were intentionally planting false memories. But I don’t think intention would be necessary on the part of a sympathetic therapist working with a suffering client.

    Are the memory wars over?

    The belief in repressed memories remains well entrenched among the general public and mental health professionals. More than half believe that traumatic experiences can become repressed in the unconscious, where they lurk, waiting to be uncovered.

    This remains the case even though in his later work, Freud revised his original concept of repression to argue that it doesn’t work on actual memories of experiences, but rather involves the inhibition of certain impulses, desires and fantasies. This revision rarely makes it into popular conceptions of repression.

    As evidence of the current widespread belief in repressed memories, in the past few years several U.S. states and European countries have extended or abolished the statute of limitations for the prosecution of sexual crimes, which allows for testimony based on allegedly recovered memories of long-ago crimes.

    Given the ease with which researchers can create false childhood memories, one of the unforeseen consequences of these changes is that falsely recovered memories of abuse might find their way into court – potentially leading to unfounded accusations and wrongful convictions.

    Gabrielle Principe does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Rethinking repression − why memory researchers reject the idea of recovered memories of trauma – https://theconversation.com/rethinking-repression-why-memory-researchers-reject-the-idea-of-recovered-memories-of-trauma-237419

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Press Conference to present the “Vatican Longevity Summit: Challenging the Clock of Time”

    Source: The Holy See

    Press Conference to present the “Vatican Longevity Summit: Challenging the Clock of Time”, 24.03.2025
    At 12.15 today, a press conference was held at the Holy See Press Office, Via della Conciliazione 54, to present the “Vatican Longevity Summit: Challenging the Clock of Time”, taking place this afternoon at the Augustinianum Conference Centre, Via Paolo VI 25, Rome.
    The speakers were: Archbishop Vincenzo Paglia, president of the Pontifical Academy for Life; Professor Fr. Alberto Carrara, LC, president of the Organizing Committee; Professor Giulio Maira, neurosurgeon and founder of the Atena Foundation; Professor Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Noble Prize Winner for Chemistry, 2009; Professor Juan Carlos Izpisúa Belmonte, scientist specializing in stem cell biology and regenerative medicine.
    The following are their interventions:

    Intervention of Archbishop Vincenzo Paglia
    Good morning to all of you. The Pontifical Academy for Life has decided to sponsor this important international event. As you know, the topic of aging and aging well is at the center of my interest. It is at the center of my interest, not only for personal reasons, but because the quality of old age is the litmus test of the degree of civilization of a nation.
    Longevity should not be seen simply as a biological goal but as an opportunity to enhance the elderly in the social context. The elderly are not a burden on society but a valuable resource: their experience and wisdom represent an irreplaceable cultural and human heritage. Pope Francis often reminds us that “a people that does not cherish the elderly is a people without a future,” emphasizing the need to promote a culture that recognizes the value of old age and counteracts the marginalization of the elderly.
    In this context, equitable access to scientific discoveries becomes a central issue. Biomedical innovations should not be the privilege of the few but tools to improve quality of life for everyone, regardless of socioeconomic status. The goal is not just to live longer but to live better, preventing degenerative diseases and ensuring that everyone has the opportunity for healthy and dignified aging. Longevity, then, is not just a matter of science but of justice, solidarity, and collective responsibility.

    Intervention of Professor Fr. Alberto Carrara, LC
    Good morning to all the journalists present. Today we understand the importance of preserving cognitive function through an integrated approach involving neuroscience, psychology, nutrition, and the environment.
    Fundamental to this is the six-pillar model of Brain Health, which includes nutrition, movement, sleep, cognitive stimulation, stress management, and social relationships, demonstrating how brain wellness is the true driver of healthy longevity.
    It is not enough to extend life; we need to improve the way we live it, and a systematic approach to longevity is important. In my talk at the Congress, I also explore the role of music, art, and sensory experiences in maintaining cognitive health, demonstrating how the brain can be constantly nourished and stimulated. This is a call to reflection and action to invest in our brain health, building a future in which longevity and quality of life go hand in hand.
    This unique event brings together Nobel laureates, internationally renowned scientists, and world leaders at the Vatican to discuss issues related to healthy, sustainable, and integral aging. It takes place the afternoon of Monday, March 24, starting at 4 p.m. at the Augustinianum Congress Center Auditorium in the Vatican. Vatican Secretary of State Cardinal Pietro Parolin will speak for an opening greeting.

    Intervention of Professor Venkatraman Ramakrishnan
    Ribosomes, are the “molecular factories” that produce the proteins essential for life. Without healthy ribosomes, our cells age and deteriorate. But what if we could preserve their functionality to prolong health?
    The ribosome translates genetic instructions into proteins, ensuring proper cellular functioning. However, as we age, ribosomes suffer accumulative damage that impairs their efficiency, leading to errors in protein production and contributing to cellular decline. Recent studies have shown that ribosomal malfunction is closely linked to disease processes such as neurodegeneration, cancer, and premature aging, paving the way for new therapeutic strategies to preserve ribosomal integrity and improve longevity.
    Preserving ribosome function could be a key to slowing aging at the molecular level. Most advanced research is focusing on two main strategies: first, reducing ribosomal stress through nutritional and pharmacological interventions that modulate protein metabolism and increase ribosomal efficiency. Second, the possibility of reprogramming the ribosomes themselves to optimize protein synthesis and prevent the accumulation of misfolded proteins, a major cause of neurodegenerative diseases and aging-associated muscle decline.
    The implications of these findings are revolutionary: if we could directly intervene in ribosomes, we could not only combat aging but also prevent chronic diseases and improve quality of life in old age.

    Intervention of Professor Giulio Maira
    My research aims to better understand human development and regenerative potential. Aging is not an inescapable fate, but a scientific frontier to be explored. In my talk at the Conference, I will show how the cellular reprogramming factors discovered by Nobel Laureate Yamanaka can revolutionize the length and quality of human life. Age-related diseases result from the progressive decline of our tissues and organs. However, groundbreaking studies show that manipulating epigenetic mechanisms could reverse this process, offering new opportunities to prevent and treat the diseases of aging. What can we learn from the longest-lived organisms on the planet? We have some animal species on our planet that manage to live long and healthy lives, opening up new perspectives for innovative cellular rejuvenation strategies. The goal is not just to extend life but to improve our biological resilience by reversing age-related degeneration.

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI: Nokia and Honeywell Aerospace Technologies partner with Numana to advance quantum-safe networks

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Press Release
    Nokia and Honeywell Aerospace Technologies partner with Numana to advance quantum-safe networks

    • Collaboration to drive innovation and enable a global post-quantum security economy for enterprises and service providers.
    • Quantum-safe communications poised to safeguard digital infrastructure.
    • The partnership benefits from Numana’s Kirq quantum communication testbed, Honeywell Aerospace Technologies’ quantum key distribution, and Nokia’s advanced cryptographic network technologies.

    24 March 2025
    Montreal, Quebec – Nokia and Honeywell Aerospace Technologies today announced a strategic partnership with Numana to advance Quantum-Safe Networks (QSN) in Montreal, Canada, and worldwide. This collaboration will drive innovation, foster collaboration, and accelerate the adoption of next-generation secure networking technologies for enterprises and service providers. Additionally, this partnership will help raise awareness about the importance and benefits of these technologies, advancing secure and reliable networking solutions for a resilient digital future.

    “As the world increasingly depends on digital infrastructure, the need for advanced cryptographic protection has never been more critical. By partnering with Numana and its collaboration partners like Honeywell Aerospace Technologies and others, we can deploy our combined expertise in enabling future-proof networks to help organizations, enterprises and service providers build a secure and resilient digital future starting today,” said Jeffrey Maddox, President of Nokia Canada.

    The partnership will benefit from Numana’s Kirq Quantum Communication Testbed, a world-class facility that provides a real-world environment for testing and validating new quantum-resistant and quantum communication technologies. Nokia will leverage its expertise in post-quantum networking, incorporating advanced IP routers, high-capacity optical transport nodes, and state-of-the-art quantum-safe cryptographic technologies, all backed by its extensive practical experience and proven success in real-world deployments.

    Additionally, Nokia intends to utilize this environment to foster collaborative-based innovations, enabling the development of solutions within the broader quantum technology ecosystem. Honeywell Aerospace Technologies will introduce quantum-secure encryption keys from space to terrestrial data centers, applications, and networks.

    “Numana will oversee the deployment, operation, and ongoing development of the testbed and make the equipment and infrastructure available to carry out various projects, based on the needs of the technology innovation ecosystem. Our ambition is to accelerate quantum technology in Quebec and help the industry develop leading-edge products to transform the province into a true global leader in quantum communication. This project aligns with Numana’s new positioning as a technology macro-accelerator which analyzes disruptive technologies and implements open testbeds to accelerate the development of products and services and their adoption,” noted Numana President and CEO François Borrelli.

    Numerous studies highlight the significant benefits for the private sector and the profound impact quantum communication is poised to have on Quebec and Canada as a whole.

    “Honeywell Aerospace Technologies welcomes the opportunity to join forces with Nokia and Numana to advance quantum-safe communications. Our quantum encryption technology will play a critical role in securing satellite networks and improving the integrity of data transmitted from space to earth,” said Lisa Napolitano, Vice President of Space at Honeywell Aerospace Technologies.

    The partnership also aligns with the commitments by Quebec and Canada to quantum innovation and cybersecurity leadership. The Numana facility in Quebec will serve as a hub where enterprises, research institutions, and government agencies can explore, evaluate, and validate secure networking technologies in a real-world environment.

    The arrival of multinational players like Nokia and Honeywell Aerospace Technologies brings immense value to this innovative network by introducing innovative technologies and unparalleled expertise. This collaborative effort will advance the development and deployment of quantum-secure solutions and foster a robust global network that supports continuous innovation, addresses cybersecurity needs, and ushers in the era of next-generation communications.

    “This important partnership in the quantum sector is another step toward developing more projects using the Kirq testbed. It clearly shows that Québec has great drawing power and reinforces our position as a global strategic hub for technological innovation and quantum science, which are critical for securing tomorrow’s communication,” said Christine Fréchette, the Minister of Economy, Innovation and Energy and Minister Responsible for Regional Economic Development.

    The collaboration will enhance the overall quantum technology landscape by concentrating on several key areas, including:

    • Education and training: While QSN solutions are available today, Numana’s technology ecosystem will provide awareness, training, and educational resources to help organizations understand and implement their quantum-secure strategies.
    • Ecosystem development: Foster collaboration among industry stakeholders, including researchers, developers, and businesses throughout the global quantum technology sector.
    • Research and development: Jointly develop, assess, and evolve the technologies and science toward advanced secure communication. 

    Multimedia, technical information and related news 
    Website: Nokia Quantum Safe Networks
    Video: Quantum-Safe Networks in 60 seconds
    Blog: Nokia and Honeywell join Numana: A Leap Toward Quantum Security in North America

    About Nokia
    At Nokia, we create technology that helps the world act together.

    As a B2B technology innovation leader, we are pioneering networks that sense, think, and act by leveraging our work across mobile, fixed, and cloud networks. In addition, we create value with intellectual property and long-term research, led by the award-winning Nokia Bell Labs, which is celebrating 100 years of innovation.

    With truly open architectures that seamlessly integrate into any ecosystem, our high-performance networks create new opportunities for monetization and scale. Service providers, enterprises, and partners worldwide trust Nokia to deliver secure, reliable, and sustainable networks today – and work with us to create the digital services and applications of the future.

    About Numana: A macro-accelerator for technological ecosystems
    Founded in 2007, Numana is a non-profit organization that contributes to economic and social vitality by bringing stakeholders from the private, institutional, and public technology sectors together around common goals and joint initiatives. To learn more, go to https://numana.tech/en/.

    About Honeywell
    Honeywell is an integrated operating company serving a broad range of industries and geographies around the world. Our business is aligned with three powerful megatrends – automation, the future of aviation, and energy transition – underpinned by our Honeywell Accelerator operating system and Honeywell Forge IoT platform. As a trusted partner, we help organizations solve the world’s toughest, most complex challenges, providing actionable solutions and innovations through our Aerospace Technologies, Industrial Automation, Building Automation, and Energy and Sustainability Solutions business segments that help make the world smarter and safer as well as more secure and sustainable. For more news and information on Honeywell, please visit www.honeywell.com/newsroom.

    Editor’s Note: Press event
    Numana is hosting and streaming a press event today at 9:00 am (EST) at the Maison Alcan, 1188 Sherbrooke O. in Montreal. RSVP to Simon Falardeau of Numana at falardeausimon@hotmail.com or Kevin Petschow of Nokia at kevin.petschow@nokia.com.

    Media inquiries 
    Nokia Press Office 
    Email: Press.Services@nokia.com  

    Follow Nokia on social media
    LinkedIn X Instagram Facebook YouTube BlueSky

    Numana
    Simon Falardeau
    Email: falardeausimon@hotmail.com

    Honeywell Aerospace Technologies
    Adam Kress
    Phone: +1-602-760-6252
    Email: adam.kress@honeywell.com

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: Nagano Lean Body Tonic Benefits, Ingredients, and Real Results Explained

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    TALLMADGE, Ohio, March 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Individuals are constantly searching for practical solutions to weight management and overall vitality in a world increasingly focused on health and wellness. Nagano Lean Body Tonic emerges as a promising contender in dietary supplements, offering a unique blend of natural ingredients designed to support weight loss, boost energy levels, and enhance overall health. This potent elixir is not merely about shedding pounds; it aims to rejuvenate the body and improve the quality of life. The formula is rooted in traditional wisdom, drawing inspiration from Japanese practices that have stood the test of time. With the rise of obesity and lifestyle-related diseases, the need for effective solutions has never been more critical. Nagano Lean Body Tonic is crafted to meet this demand, targeting stubborn fat areas while promoting a healthier metabolism. This article will delve deep into the formulation, benefits, and science behind this remarkable product, providing the information you need to make an informed decision about your health journey.

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic – Essential Overview

    Product Type:

    Natural Weight Management Formula

    Core Ingredients:

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic is crafted from a potent blend of science-backed botanicals and plant-based extracts, including:

    • Camu Camu – A powerful antioxidant fruit rich in vitamin C
    • EGCG (Epigallocatechin Gallate) – A green tea extract known for enhancing fat oxidation
    • Mangosteen – A tropical superfruit with anti-inflammatory and metabolism-supportive properties
    • Ashwagandha – An adaptogen that supports stress reduction and cortisol balance
    • Panax Ginseng – Used to promote energy, stamina, and metabolic health
    • Momordica Charantia (Bitter Melon) – Traditionally used to aid in blood sugar regulation
    • Acerola Cherry – Packed with antioxidants to support immunity and wellness
    • Alfalfa Leaf – A fiber-rich green known for its detoxifying properties
    • Eleuthero Root (Siberian Ginseng) – Helps combat fatigue and supports vitality.
    • Ginger Root – Aids in digestion and supports thermogenesis
    • Inulin (Prebiotic Fiber) – Promotes healthy gut bacteria and digestive function.
    • Cinnamon Cassia – Known for balancing blood sugar and supporting metabolism

    Key Benefits of Nagano Lean Body Tonic:

    • Promotes Natural Weight Loss – Helps activate fat-burning mechanisms through enhanced metabolic function
    • Encourages Restful Sleep – Supports relaxation and deep sleep, essential for weight management
    • Supports Digestive Wellness – With prebiotic fiber and gut-friendly herbs
    • Increases Daily Energy & Focus – Combats fatigue while supporting a more active lifestyle
    • Enhances Overall Vitality – Provides antioxidant protection and immune system support.

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic Pricing & Bundle Deals:

    • 1 Bottle: $69 + standard shipping
    • 3 Bottles: $59 per bottle (total $177) – Free shipping included
    • 6 Bottles: $39 per bottle (total $234) – Free shipping included

    Risk-Free Purchase Guarantee:

    All purchases are backed by a 180-day money-back guarantee, allowing you to try Nagano Lean Body Tonic with peace of mind.

    Where to Buy:

    Visit the official site to place your order and learn more: leanbodytonic.com

    Product Overview

    Formulation

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic is meticulously crafted from a blend of carefully selected natural ingredients, each chosen for its unique properties that contribute to weight loss and overall wellness. The formulation targets metabolism, energy levels, and appetite control, making it an all-encompassing solution for those looking to transform their bodies. This emphasis on natural ingredients ensures the product is safe and beneficial for your health.

    Key Ingredients

    The tonic features a range of powerful ingredients, including Camu Camu, EGCG from green tea, Mangosteen, Panax ginseng, Momordica charantia, Ashwagandha, Acerola, eleuthero root, Alfalfa Leaf, Cinnamon, Cacao, Ginger, Inulin, and a proprietary blend of eight super antioxidants. Each ingredient is vital in enhancing metabolic function and promoting fat loss.

    Bottle Contents

    Each bottle of Nagano Lean Body Tonic contains a 30-day supply of the elixir, designed for daily use. This ensures a consistent intake of the beneficial nutrients necessary for achieving desired health outcomes.

    Guarantee

    The manufacturer’s confidence in Nagano Lean Body Tonic is evident in its 180-day money-back guarantee. If users do not experience satisfactory results, this assurance of a full refund makes it a risk-free investment in their health, reinforcing the product’s effectiveness and the company’s commitment to customer satisfaction.

    Cost

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic offers various purchasing options designed to provide significant savings. The pricing includes $79 for a single bottle, $59 per bottle when purchasing three, and an impressive $39 for six bottles. Each package comes with valuable bonuses, enhancing the overall value and making it a cost-effective choice for those serious about their health.

    What is Nagano Lean Body Tonic?

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic is a unique dietary supplement that supports weight loss and boosts overall health. This potent elixir combines traditional Japanese ingredients known for their health benefits with modern nutritional science. The tonic aims to awaken a dormant metabolism, making weight loss more straightforward and enjoyable. Providing essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants helps combat the fatigue often associated with dieting, allowing users to maintain their energy levels throughout the day. The elixir is designed for daily consumption, with a simple mix of one scoop of water or a favorite beverage each morning. This easy incorporation into a morning routine ensures that users can seamlessly integrate it into their lifestyle, enhancing their chances of long-term success.

    The formulation is rooted in the philosophy that natural ingredients can effectively support bodily functions. By targeting multiple aspects of health—such as metabolism, energy levels, and digestive health—Nagano Lean Body Tonic offers a comprehensive approach to wellness. This holistic approach ensures that your health is cared for in a well-rounded manner.

    Who is Nagano Lean Body Tonic Specifically For?

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic is designed for individuals serious about improving their health and wellness. It caters to a diverse audience, including:

    1. Weight Watchers: For those aiming to shed pounds, the tonic provides a natural way to support metabolism and fat loss. Its blend of ingredients helps to minimize cravings and enhances the body’s ability to burn calories efficiently.
    2. Busy Professionals: Many professionals struggle to maintain energy levels throughout the day. Nagano Lean Body Tonic offers a convenient solution, boosting energy and vitality that can combat fatigue and improve focus.
    3. Fitness Enthusiasts: The tonic’s ability to enhance endurance and recovery can benefit individuals engaged in regular workout routines. The ingredients support muscle function and energy production, helping to maximize workout results.
    4. Health-Conscious Individuals: Nagano Lean Body Tonic appeals to those who prioritize their health and seek to incorporate natural supplements into their diets. It is formulated with high-quality, natural ingredients that align with a holistic approach to wellness.
    5. Aging Adults: As metabolism naturally slows with age, many older adults may struggle with weight management. This tonic can help support healthy metabolism and vitality, making it suitable for individuals over 40 looking to maintain their health.

    Does Nagano Lean Body Tonic Work?

    The effectiveness of Nagano Lean Body Tonic lies in its carefully selected ingredients, each with scientific backing for their health benefits. Many users have reported positive outcomes, including weight loss, increased energy, and improved mental clarity after integrating the tonic into their daily routine. This scientific backing reassures you about the product’s effectiveness and potential to improve your health.

    Clinical studies have shown that several of the tonic’s ingredients, such as EGCG from green tea and Camu Camu, have significant properties that support weight loss and metabolic health. For example, EGCG has been linked to increased fat oxidation and improved metabolic rates. Similarly, Camu Camu is noted for its high vitamin C content and antioxidant properties, which can enhance metabolic function.

    While individual results may vary, the combination of ingredients in Nagano Lean Body Tonic aims to synergize and amplify the overall benefits. Users are encouraged to adopt a holistic approach to health, combining the tonic with a balanced diet and regular exercise for optimal results. Many testimonials support the product’s efficacy, reinforcing its reputation as a reliable supplement for those seeking to improve their health.

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic Real Customer Reviews and Testimonials

    Customer feedback for Nagano Lean Body Tonic has been overwhelmingly positive, with many users expressing satisfaction with their results. Claire S. from Dayton, OH, shared her success story: “After putting on weight during quarantine, I felt discouraged. I started using Nagano Tonic nine weeks ago and noticed a significant difference in my cravings and appetite. I stepped on the scale this morning and am delighted—this is a game changer!”

    Similarly, Mike C. from Ann Arbor, MI, noted, “I started using Nagano Tonic just over a month ago and saw immediate improvements in my weight loss efforts. I love the taste and now have much more energy without feeling jittery.”

    Hazel W. from Norfolk, VA, added, “I wanted to look great for my high school reunion, so I decided to give this a shot. After using Nagano Tonic for two months, I was thrilled with my results and felt amazing.”

    These testimonials highlight not only the effectiveness of the tonic but also the positive changes in lifestyle and confidence that users experience. The collective feedback from real customers is a testament to the product’s potential in fostering healthier living.

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic: Support your wellness journey naturally.

    The Science Behind Nagano Tonic: How Traditional Ingredients Support Modern Metabolic Health

    As we age, our metabolism slows down, energy levels decline, and maintaining a healthy weight becomes more difficult. Nagano Tonic, a unique blend of traditional botanical ingredients inspired by Japanese and Eastern medicine, is gaining attention for its potential to support metabolism, thermogenesis, and weight management. Nevertheless, what does the science say?

    This article explores the research-backed mechanisms of Nagano Tonic’s key ingredients—from green tea and ginger to camu camu and ashwagandha—and how they contribute to metabolic health, inflammation reduction, and body composition.

    Understanding the Aging-Metabolism Connection

    Aging naturally reduces basal metabolic rate (BMR)—the number of calories our bodies burn at rest. Studies show that this decline in BMR is primarily due to a loss in lean muscle mass and hormonal shifts. A 1993 study by Shimokata and Kuzuya documented these changes, revealing that metabolic efficiency decreases with age, especially without proper dietary and activity adjustments.

    A 1998 paper in Metabolism by Piers et al. confirmed that older adults exhibit reduced energy expenditure, even when accounting for body composition. This highlights the importance of interventions that can reignite metabolic activity—something Nagano Tonic aims to do.

    Thermogenesis: Your Inner Furnace

    One of the most promising approaches to boosting metabolism is through thermogenesis, the body’s process of heat production that burns calories. According to Hursel and Westerterp-Plantenga (2010), specific food-derived bioactives can stimulate thermogenesis, aiding weight control. Nagano Tonic includes several such thermogenic compounds.

    Green Tea Extract: A Proven Metabolic Enhancer

    Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most studied ingredients for metabolism. Its active polyphenols, especially epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), have significantly boosted thermogenesis and fat oxidation. According to Ohishi et al. (2021), green tea polyphenols enhance metabolism and offer potent antioxidant protection.

    A 2016 clinical trial by Chen et al. found that high-dose green tea extract led to meaningful weight loss and improved lipid profiles in overweight adults. Another study (Campbell et al., 2016) demonstrated increased resting metabolic rate in women after a single dose of a green tea thermogenic supplement.

    Additionally, green tea has been declared safe in regulated doses, according to Jiang Hu et al. (2018), making it an effective and reliable cornerstone of Nagano Tonic’s formula.

    Ginger: Igniting Energy Expenditure

    Ginger (Zingiber officinale) offers more than just flavor—it is a metabolism booster supported by multiple randomized controlled trials. A 2019 meta-analysis by Maharlouei et al. found that ginger significantly reduced body weight and waist-to-hip ratio in overweight individuals.

    In rodent studies (Sayed et al., 2020), ginger water improved energy expenditure and reduced fat accumulation. Furthermore, a comprehensive 2020 review by Nguyen et al. highlighted ginger’s thermogenic, anti-inflammatory, and lipid-lowering effects, supporting its role in holistic metabolic health.

    Camu Camu: A Gut-Microbiome Ally

    A lesser-known superfruit, Camu Camu (Myrciaria dubia), offers remarkable metabolic benefits by modulating the gut microbiota. Research published in Gut (Anhê et al., 2019) found that camu camu supplementation altered the composition of gut microbes to prevent obesity in mice.

    Additionally, its high levels of vitamin C and polyphenols exert antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, as Inoue et al. (2008) demonstrated, further supporting metabolic balance and immune resilience.

    Bitter Melon: The Natural Insulin Sensitizer

    Momordica charantia, or bitter melon, is traditionally used for blood sugar regulation—modern science backs this up. A 2013 review by Joseph and Jini reported that bitter melon improves insulin sensitivity, reduces blood glucose, and aids lipid metabolism.

    Bitter melon can indirectly reduce fat accumulation and improve energy utilization by improving glucose control and inflammation, making it a brilliant addition to Nagano Tonic.

    Anti-Inflammatory Ingredients for Metabolic Repair

    Chronic low-grade inflammation, marked by elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), is both a cause and effect of obesity. A 2020 study by Qiling Li et al. confirmed that high CRP levels contribute to adult-onset obesity through inflammatory pathways.

    Nagano Tonic tackles this head-on with anti-inflammatory botanicals like cinnamon, turmeric, and ashwagandha.

    Cinnamon: A Spice for Fat Regulation

    Cinnamon has demonstrated the ability to improve insulin sensitivity and reduce inflammation. Hamidpour et al. (2015) discussed cinnamon’s impact on angiogenesis and metabolic health, while a 2020 meta-analysis by Mousavi et al. linked cinnamon supplementation with significant reductions in body weight, BMI, and fat mass.

    Turmeric: Anti-Gout and Anti-Fatigue Properties

    Curcumin, the active compound in turmeric, has been shown to reduce inflammation markers and oxidative stress. Kiyani et al. (2019) explored its benefits in gout and inflammation, but its antioxidant power also contributes to improved metabolic health, particularly in those dealing with obesity-linked inflammation.

    Ashwagandha: Adaptogenic Stress Support

    Chronic stress is another hidden trigger for weight gain. Ashwagandha, an adaptogenic herb, has shown promise in stress reduction and weight management. In a 2017 study, Choudhary et al. found that ashwagandha supplementation reduced cortisol levels and supported healthy body composition under chronic stress conditions.

    A 2019 clinical trial published in Cureus further confirmed its anxiolytic and energy-boosting effects, which are key to maintaining a sustainable, active lifestyle as we age.

    Ginseng and Eleuthero: Traditional Tonics with Modern Benefits

    Korean Red Ginseng

    A study by Song et al. (2014) demonstrated that Korean red ginseng alters gut microbiota in a way that positively influences obesity markers. Ginseng also lowers CRP levels, as noted in a 2019 meta-analysis by Saboori et al., further supporting its inclusion in Nagano Tonic’s anti-inflammatory arsenal.

    Eleutherococcus senticosus (Siberian Ginseng)

    This herb, known as Siberian ginseng, boosts physical endurance and metabolic efficiency. A study by Kuo et al. (2010) showed improved human endurance capacity, while further analysis by Huang et al. (2011) highlighted its anti-fatigue benefits. Hashimoto et al. (2020) found that Eleuthero modulates metabolic proteins in fat and muscle cells, supporting its role in energy regulation.

    Acerola & Alfalfa: Micronutrient-Dense Enhancers

    Acerola Cherry

    Acerola (Malpighia emarginata) is an underutilized superfruit rich in vitamin C, polyphenols, and antioxidants. Prakash and Baskaran (2018) state that its bioactive compounds support immune function, oxidative stress reduction, and collagen synthesis, indirectly contributing to a healthier metabolism.

    Alfalfa

    Often overlooked, alfalfa (Medicago sativa) has demonstrated blood glucose-lowering properties in animal and human studies. Amraie et al. (2015) showed that alfalfa extracts help regulate blood sugar and lipids. Raeeszadeh et al. (2021) noted its neuroprotective and antioxidant effects, which benefit aging adults with metabolic syndrome.

    Mangosteen and Inulin: Gut & Glucose Optimization

    Mangosteen Extract

    Mangosteen is a tropical fruit with potent xanthones and shows strong insulin-sensitizing effects. A 2018 randomized trial by Watanabe et al. found that mangosteen improved insulin sensitivity and supported weight loss in obese women, likely through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory actions.

    Inulin: The Fiber for Fat Loss

    Inulin, a prebiotic fiber, has been shown to reduce visceral fat and improve metabolic profiles. A 2015 randomized trial by Guess et al. demonstrated that inulin supplementation led to meaningful reductions in weight and ectopic fat among prediabetic individuals. By feeding healthy gut bacteria, inulin supports improved digestion, hormone balance, and energy metabolism.

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic: Inspired by nature, designed for you.

    Nagano Tonic’s Synergistic Science

    Nagano Tonic is more than a blend of exotic ingredients—it is a strategic, science-backed formula that targets the root causes of slow metabolism, weight gain, inflammation, and energy depletion.

    Each component contributes to a comprehensive metabolic revival, from the thermogenic effects of green tea and ginger to the gut-boosting benefits of camu camu, inulin, and ginseng. Meanwhile, anti-inflammatory and adaptogenic ingredients like turmeric, cinnamon, and ashwagandha protect against modern lifestyle stressors and aging-related metabolic decline.

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic: Pros and Cons

    When considering Nagano Lean Body Tonic, it is essential to weigh the pros and cons to make an informed decision. Here is a detailed analysis:

    Pros

    • Natural Ingredients: The tonic is formulated with high-quality, natural ingredients known for their health benefits.
    • Comprehensive Benefits: It addresses multiple health aspects, including fat loss, energy boost, and mental clarity.
    • User Testimonials: Many users report positive experiences and successful weight management.
    • Money-Back Guarantee: The 180-day satisfaction guarantee provides reassurance for new users.
    • Convenient Use: The tonic can easily be incorporated into daily routines, promoting consistency.

    Cons

    • Individual Results May Vary: While many users report success, results can differ based on personal factors such as diet and exercise.
    • Availability: Nagano Lean Body Tonic is only available through the official website, which limits some consumers’ purchasing options.
    • Initial Cost: The price may be considered high for some, mainly if individuals are unsure about the product’s effectiveness.

    By carefully considering these pros and cons, potential users can make an informed choice about integrating Nagano Lean Body Tonic into their health regimen.

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic: Usage, Integration, and Purchase Guide

    How to Use Nagano Lean Body Tonic Effectively

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic has been formulated for simplicity and convenience, making it easy to include in any daily routine. The powdered formula dissolves quickly in water, requiring just one scoop mixed into a glass to deliver its full range of benefits. This straightforward method of consumption promotes consistency, which is essential for long-term health improvements.

    While Nagano Lean Body Tonic can be taken at any time, developing a consistent habit—such as consuming it in the morning or before a workout—can help ensure daily adherence and maximize results.

    Combining Nagano Lean Body Tonic with Other Supplements

    Many individuals use multiple supplements to address different wellness goals. However, it is vital to consider ingredient overlap when combining products. The ingredients in Nagano Lean Body Tonic are designed to work synergistically. Taking similar supplements concurrently may diminish the tonic’s intended balance or effectiveness.

    Following the recommended serving size and usage guidelines is crucial to avoid unintended interactions. Consulting the product label and directions ensures proper use and helps support the body’s natural balance.

    Professional Guidance Before Beginning Any Supplement Regimen

    Before incorporating Nagano Lean Body Tonic into your routine, especially if you have existing health conditions, allergies, or are taking prescription medications, it is strongly recommended that you consult with a healthcare professional. Personalized medical advice ensures that the supplement aligns with your unique health needs and supports your goals safely and effectively.

    Enhancing Results with Healthy Lifestyle Habits

    While Nagano Lean Body Tonic is designed to assist with weight management and metabolic support, the results are most noticeable when paired with a healthy lifestyle. Regular physical activity—whether through structured workouts, walking, or yoga—can naturally boost metabolism and energy levels.

    Likewise, a balanced diet of whole foods enhances the tonic’s benefits. Nutrient-dense meals that include fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats support digestive health and help sustain energy throughout the day.

    Incorporating stress management techniques such as meditation, deep breathing, or mindfulness can also play a significant role. Stress impacts metabolism and sleep, and managing it holistically can further enhance the benefits provided by Nagano Lean Body Tonic.

    Purchasing Nagano Lean Body Tonic: Packages, Pricing, and Exclusive Bonuses

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic can be purchased exclusively through the official website. Flexible package options are available for new users and long-term wellness plans.

    Available Packages:

    • Single Bottle: $69 + shipping
    • Three Bottles: $59 each (total $177) with free shipping
    • Six Bottles: $39 each (total $234) with free shipping

    These tiered options allow customers to start with a smaller commitment or maximize savings with a bulk purchase.

    Included Digital Bonuses

    Each order of Nagano Lean Body Tonic includes three complimentary digital guides created to support your overall health journey:

    • The Anti-Aging Blueprint – Strategies for boosting energy, improving sleep, and supporting vitality.
    • Sleep The Fat Off – A guide to understanding how sleep quality influences metabolism and weight loss.
    • Energy-Boosting Smoothies – A collection of easy-to-make smoothie recipes to maintain energy and reduce cravings.

    These resources are designed to complement the benefits of the tonic and provide practical lifestyle support.

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic: A refreshing way to support vitality.

    180-Day Money-Back Guarantee

    To ensure a risk-free experience, Nagano Lean Body Tonic is backed by a 180-day money-back guarantee. This allows users to try the product with confidence. If results do not meet expectations, a full refund can be requested within the trial period.

    More Nagano Lean Body Tonic Actual User Reviews and Testimonials

    The positive experiences of users highlight the effectiveness of Nagano Lean Body Tonic. Many individuals have shared their success stories, illustrating the tonic’s transformative impact on their lives. Users praise not only the weight loss results but also the increased energy and improved mental clarity they experience after regular use.

    For example, Emily R. from Denver, CO, stated, “I have struggled with my weight for years, and nothing seemed to work until I tried Nagano Tonic. I have lost 15 pounds in just two months and feel more energized than ever!”

    Similarly, James T. from Chicago, IL, commented, “This tonic has been a game-changer for me. Not only have I lost weight, but I also feel sharper and more focused at work.”

    These testimonials provide valuable insights into Nagano Lean Body Tonic’s real-life benefits, reinforcing its reputation as an effective supplement for weight management and overall health.

    Are There Side Effects to Nagano Lean Body Tonic?

    While Nagano Lean Body Tonic is formulated with natural ingredients, some users may experience mild side effects. Possible side effects can include digestive discomfort, such as bloating or gas, particularly for individuals sensitive to specific ingredients like Inulin. Additionally, those sensitive to caffeine may experience jitters from the EGCG present in the formula.

    Potential users should consult with a healthcare professional before starting any new supplement, especially if they have underlying health conditions or are taking medications. This precaution helps ensure that the tonic is suitable for individual health needs. Most users tolerate Nagano Lean Body Tonic well, appreciating its natural formulation and beneficial effects.

    Who Makes Nagano Lean Body Tonic?

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic is produced by a reputable company dedicated to formulating high-quality dietary supplements. The manufacturer adheres to strict quality control standards and sources ingredients from trusted suppliers. The tonic is crafted in an FDA-registered facility, ensuring it meets rigorous safety and efficacy guidelines.

    The company’s commitment to transparency and quality is evident in its approach to product development. By focusing on natural ingredients and scientific research, the manufacturer aims to provide consumers with practical and safe supplements that align with their health goals.

    Does Nagano Lean Body Tonic Work?

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic is backed by potent ingredients that support weight management and overall health. Many users report positive results, including weight loss, increased energy, and improved mental clarity. The scientific research surrounding the individual ingredients further supports the tonic’s effectiveness, highlighting their roles in boosting metabolism and promoting fat loss.

    While individual experiences may vary, the synergy created by combining ingredients in Nagano Lean Body Tonic is designed to enhance overall effectiveness. Users who combine the tonic with a balanced diet and regular exercise will likely experience the most significant benefits, making it a valuable addition to a healthy lifestyle.

    Is Nagano Lean Body Tonic a Scam?

    No, Nagano Lean Body Tonic is not a scam. It is a legitimate dietary supplement developed by a reputable company committed to quality and consumer safety. The product is crafted with natural ingredients, and the manufacturer offers a 180-day money-back guarantee, demonstrating confidence in its effectiveness.

    Consumer testimonials and reviews further validate the tonic’s reputation, as many users have reported positive experiences and successful weight loss journeys. As with any supplement, individual results may vary, and it is essential to approach weight management with realistic expectations and a holistic lifestyle.

    Is Nagano Lean Body Tonic FDA Approved?

    While Nagano Lean Body Tonic is manufactured in an FDA-registered facility, dietary supplements do not require FDA approval before marketing. However, the company adheres to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP) to ensure product quality and safety. This commitment to quality control helps give consumers confidence in the product’s formulation and effectiveness.

    Consumers must research and understand the ingredients and potential benefits of any supplement they are considering. Nagano Lean Body Tonic is backed by scientific research, and its formulation is designed to support health and wellness effectively.

    Where to Buy Nagano Lean Body Tonic?

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic is exclusively available for purchase through the official website. This direct purchasing model ensures that consumers receive authentic products stored and handled correctly. By avoiding third-party platforms, the manufacturer can maintain control over product quality and safety, providing customers with peace of mind when purchasing.

    Is Nagano Lean Body Tonic Really on Amazon, eBay, and Walmart?

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic on Amazon.com

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic is unavailable on Amazon or through any Amazon partners. This strategic decision by the manufacturer ensures that the product is handled and stored correctly before reaching consumers. By avoiding third-party platforms, the company guarantees the integrity and safety of the tonic. If you wish to purchase, the only authorized source is the official website, with no plans for future sales via Amazon.

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic on eBay.com

    You will not find Nagano Lean Body Tonic for sale on eBay or any affiliated eBay stores. The manufacturer avoids selling on eBay to maintain complete control over product quality. This decision helps prevent contamination or tampered goods sold, which could harm customers. Always purchase the tonic directly from the official website to ensure safety, as it is not endorsed for sale on eBay.

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic on Walmart.com

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic is not available on Walmart’s shelves or website. While Walmart may carry other natural products, this tonic requires specific storage and handling to preserve its purity and effectiveness. By selling directly through the official website, the manufacturer minimizes consumer risks and guarantees the best product quality.

    Conclusion

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic is a powerful ally in pursuing health and wellness. With its unique formulation and a blend of natural ingredients, it addresses multiple aspects of weight management, energy levels, and overall vitality. The positive customer testimonials and the science behind its ingredients provide compelling evidence of its effectiveness.

    For anyone seeking a reliable supplement to support their health goals, Nagano Lean Body Tonic presents an attractive option. The 180-day money-back guarantee further enhances its appeal, allowing users to try the product risk-free. By incorporating this tonic into a balanced lifestyle, individuals can take significant steps toward achieving their health and wellness aspirations.

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic FAQs

    What is Nagano Lean Body Tonic?

    Nagano Lean Body Tonic is a dietary supplement containing natural ingredients to support weight loss and overall health.

    How does Nagano Lean Body Tonic work?

    The tonic enhances metabolism, reduces cravings, and increases energy levels, making it easier for users to manage their weight.

    Who should use Nagano Lean Body Tonic?

    It suits busy professionals, fitness enthusiasts, and aging adults who want to lose weight, boost energy, and improve overall wellness.

    What are the key ingredients?

    Key ingredients include camu camu, EGCG, Mangosteen, Panax ginseng, and Ashwagandha, each contributing to the tonic’s benefits.

    Are there any side effects?

    Some users may experience mild digestive discomfort, but most tolerate the tonic well. It is recommended that you consult a healthcare professional before use.

    Is there a money-back guarantee?

    Yes, Nagano Lean Body Tonic has a 180-day satisfaction guarantee, which allows users to request a refund if they are unsatisfied.

    Where can I buy Nagano Lean Body Tonic?

    The tonic is exclusively available through the official website, ensuring product quality and safety.

    Is it available on Amazon or eBay?

    No, Nagano Lean Body Tonic is not sold on Amazon or eBay to maintain product integrity. Purchases should be made from the official website.

    Does Nagano Lean Body Tonic require FDA approval?

    While manufactured in an FDA-registered facility, dietary supplements do not require FDA approval before selling. The company adheres to Good Manufacturing Practices for safety.

    Can Nagano Lean Body Tonic help with energy levels?

    The tonic boosts energy levels and vitality, helping users feel more energetic throughout the day.

    Unlock natural energy today with Nagano Lean Body Tonic.

    Contact: Nagano Lean Body Tonic

    Address: 285 Northeast Ave, Tallmadge, OH 44278, United States.

    Email:: support@leanbodytonic.com

    Order Status Support: (863) 591-4284

    Legal Disclaimer

    The information presented in this article is intended for educational and informational purposes only and should not be construed as medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. The content is not a substitute for professional medical consultation, diagnosis, or treatment a licensed healthcare provider provides.

    Statements about any products, including Nagano Tonic and its ingredients, have not been evaluated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease.

    Always consult a qualified healthcare professional, including dietary supplements, before changing your health routine. Individual results may vary, and no guarantees are made regarding effectiveness or safety for any individual.

    The information included herein is based on current publicly available scientific literature. While we strive for accuracy, the publisher and authors make no warranties regarding this information’s completeness, reliability, or applicability and disclaim all liability arising from its use.

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    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Meet the Undergraduate Researcher: Kayvona Brown, CLAS

    Source: US State of Connecticut

    Though she’s in her last semester at UConn, Kayvona Brown (‘25 CLAS) isn’t slowing down anytime soon. Her research is just too important. 

    Brown, who is from Stamford, is a truly interdisciplinary scholar: a psychological sciences major with minors in sociology and women’s, gender, and sexuality studies (WGSS). Over her four years at UConn, she found a way to braid together her interests in psychology and supporting the health and development of women and children of color, especially Black mothers and children.  

    Now, she is poised to pursue a Ph.D. in clinical or developmental psychology and “continue to make a difference in my community, with the people around me who don’t often get their voices heard.” 

    On Trauma, Pain, and Healing 

    Brown’s current research revolves around pain and post-traumatic stress – and ultimately, healing — among sexual assault survivors. 

    “Typically, when we study PTSD, we are looking at veterans, survivors of natural disasters; those types of traumas, not necessarily sexual assault,” she says. “For people who do not have this experience, it can be a really taboo topic, and we don’t necessarily do a lot of that research within psychology.” 

    She adds, “As a survivor myself, I really wanted to understand the biopsychosocial effects on my whole body.” 

    Brown’s research has been supported by the national McNair Scholars program, a prestigious initiative designed to prepare undergraduate students for doctoral studies through involvement in research and other scholarly activities. 

    The first research project Brown helped complete investigated how people of various gender identities experienced pain, as well as how they described this pain to male or female clinicians. She worked with Teresa Graziano ’24 Ph.D., and Natalie J. Shook, a professor in the School of Nursing. 

    “When it comes to reporting pain, there’s a lack of research on transgender and nonbinary individuals,” Brown says. This project sought to fill this gap, exploring the complex gender dynamics between patients and clinicians, as well as how hormone replacement therapy can affect patients’ physiological experiences of pain. 

    In November 2024, Brown was one of just eight students nationwide selected to share her research with the National Science Foundation and the Board of the US Department of Education at the annual McNair conference, hosted at the University of Maryland – Baltimore County. 

    The more we learn about these symptom clusters, the more we can make better and improved treatments that are personalized for specific clusters.

    She presented her poster “Relations between PTSD Symptoms Clusters and Pain within Recent Sexual Assault Survivors: An Examination of Racial Differences,” which she had previously shared at the Fall Frontiers in Undergraduate Research exhibition at UConn Storrs. 

    This work explored how PTSD symptoms impact the experience of pain for sexual assault survivors. Overall, she found that women sexual assault survivors with greater PTSD symptoms tend to have greater reported pain severity and pain interference (the degree to which pain interferes with daily life). Brown also found a significant difference in the experience of pain between white and nonwhite survivors, with survivors of color reporting higher pain levels. 

    “Pain and PTSD are highly comorbid – they go hand in hand,” Brown says. 

    Brown is specifically intrigued by the way that PTSD symptoms tend to manifest in what are called “symptom clusters.” The DSM-5 defines four distinct clusters: intrusion (intrusive thoughts, nightmares, and flashbacks), avoidance (avoidance of potentially triggering situations), negative alterations in cognition or mood, and hyperarousal (reactivity, hypervigilance, and difficulty relaxing). Each individual with PTSD will experience different symptoms across these categories. 

     “The more we learn about these symptom clusters, the more we can make better and improved treatments that are personalized for specific clusters,” Brown says. 

    Brown’s research is part of a growing tradition in the field of psychology that recognizes the interplay between people’s everyday experiences and their psychological and physiological symptoms. For instance, research has shown that experiencing racism can lead to heightened levels of chronic stress, which in turn can cause and exacerbate adverse health outcomes. 

    Bringing it Home 

    Brown presents her research at UConn’s Undergraduate Fall Frontiers in Research symposium. (Courtesy of Kayvona Brown)

    For Brown, just exploring this link through research wasn’t enough – she also wanted to try to help stop the cycle at its source. So she joined the UConn Women’s Center Violence Against Women Prevention Program (VAWPP) and started doing direct outreach in her community. 

    With the VAWPP and its associated One Love program, Brown has spoken with students in First-Year Experience (FYE) classrooms and student athletes. She leads presentations on gender-based violence and how it can manifest in different environments, as well as intimate partner violence prevention and healthy relationships. 

    Presenting her research on this subject to the Board of Education was a full-circle moment, Brown recalls. 

    “We were able to really connect, and I was able to share my story and share the stories of millions of other women,” she says. “And I remember people coming up to me and saying, that was really impactful. I realized that was something that I really wanted to continue to pursue.” 

    Currently, Brown is working on a research project entitled “The Impact of Self-Blame on PTSD Symptom Clusters in Interpersonal Trauma-Exposed Violence.” This work is taking with Board of Trustees Distinguished Professor Crystal Park, in her Spirituality, Meaning, and Health Lab. 

    She is also working in the lab of Marketa Burnett, an assistant professor of Human Development & Family Sciences and Africana Studies. With Burnett, she’s supporting a one-of-a-kind research initiative dedicated to exploring the hopes and dreams African American parents have for their daughters, as well as how these hopes show up in their parenting styles. The project’s title is “‘Getting her to see herself the way I see her’: Exploring Black Caregivers’ Hopes and Dreams for their Daughters.” 

    One variable the research team is investigating is how Black parents are supporting their daughters in dreaming big by encouraging both creative expression and STEM ambitions. 

    “A lot of parents don’t teach [girls] that STEM is an option for them,” Brown says, “and if they do, they’re teaching them to do nursing or become a doctor. But there are other types of STEM, like getting your Ph.D. and being a scientist.” 

    Soon enough, Brown will be taking the next step in her academic journey to do just that.  

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Science in Seconds: Freeze Frame

    Source: US State of Connecticut

    Conn Health is now home to a cryo electron microscope (cryo-EM). The advanced imaging system uses a beam of electrons to image frozen biological samples. The images are then used to create a 3D model revealing the hidden structures of proteins, viruses and cells with unprecedented clarity and detail.

    In this Science in Seconds segment, Wolfgang Peti, PhD, professor of molecular biology and biophysics, shows us how cryo-EM works and how it can help speed up drug design and ultimately patient care.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: expert reaction to news that influenza of avian origin (H5N1) has been confirmed in a single sheep in Yorkshire

    Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments

    Scientists comment on the first case of Avian Flu (H5N1) confirmed in a sheep in Yorkshire. 

    Prof Ed Hutchinson, Professor of Molecular and Cellular Virology, MRC-University of Glasgow Centre for Virus Research (MRC CVR), said:

    “Influenza viruses are common in wild birds. Over the last five years, a particularly aggressive strain of the H5N1 avian influenza virus has spread through bird populations across the world. On the way, it has caused repeated ‘spillover’ infections of mammals: mammals that wouldn’t normally get avian influenza have caught the disease from birds. Usually these are one-off infections that don’t go any further, although last year the virus began to spread widely among dairy cattle in the USA, demonstrating the potential influenza viruses have for adapting to new species.

    “The emergence of avian influenza in cattle last year was surprising, as normally cattle don’t catch this type of influenza (influenza A virus). Another animal we hadn’t previously thought of as a host for influenza A viruses is sheep, which makes this announcement of H5N1 influenza in a single sheep in Yorkshire startling. Sheep haven’t previously been thought of as hosts for influenza A viruses, although last year in the USA young goats did get infected with H5N1 at a farm in Minnesota – in this case, this was a one-off infection that didn’t go any further.

    “The sheep was on a farm where avian influenza was present in captive birds, suggesting an obvious route of transmission from wild birds to captive birds to the sheep.

    “The fact that the virus was detected in the sheep’s milk is also surprising. It suggests parallels to the ongoing H5N1 outbreak in dairy cattle in the USA, where the virus is spreading through cow’s milk. At the moment there is no evidence of any ongoing transmission from the sheep, and the case appears to have been contained.

    “More work will be needed to understand what’s going on here – in particular to understand if this is a very rare or one-off event which happened because there was a lot of H5N1 around and this was just the wrong sheep in the wrong place, or whether sheep infections with H5N1 might become more common in the future. Ongoing surveillance will be needed to understand the risk this virus poses to the welfare of sheep as well as to food security.

    “In terms of direct risk to humans, we know from the dairy outbreak in the USA that H5N1 in milk is a possible source of human infection. H5N1 can cause severe illness in humans and it is important to minimise the risk of farmed animals infecting them, although so far in the USA human cases of H5N1 contracted from cows in dairies have typically been quite mild. There is also a risk of H5N1 ‘breeding’ with human strains of influenza to produce a new human influenza virus. There is no evidence that this has happened anywhere with an H5N1 virus, but it is important that we work hard to keep that risk as low as possible.

    “A single infected sheep does not pose a significant risk to humans, particularly because it looks as if the farmer, DEFRA and the APHA have worked together effectively to contain and monitor the situation. However, H5N1 is globally distributed in birds, and if it did become clear that this was not a one-off and that sheep are at risk of infection then this would have implications for surveillance and farm biosecurity in any country with sheep farming. For the time being, this is one to keep an eye on, but not to get too alarmed about.”

     

    Professor Ian Brown, Group Leader at the Pirbright Institute, said:

    “The detection of H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) in the mammary gland of sheep which has had close contact with infected birds is not an unexpected finding. Proactivity in looking for spillover to domestic mammals has been strengthened in the UK subsequent to the spread of infection amongst USA dairy cattle. The threat to animals and humans remains unchanged since such spillover we have learnt is possible when close contact occurs between multiple infected species. It is too early to consider whether such virus is capable of onward spread within sheep but this was an isolated small holding with a small number of birds and sheep. The pathways of spread of these viruses in the USA has been shown to be by movement of dairy cattle in commercial milking herds which appears not applicable in this single case of one animal becoming infected. It does emphasise the importance of separating species and maintaining good farm hygiene.”

    https://www.gov.uk/government/news/influenza-of-avian-origin-confirmed-in-a-sheep-in-yorkshire  

    Declared interests

    Prof Ed Hutchinson: I have received honoraria for work in a steering group of the Centre for Open Science (Open Practices in Influenza Research; 2021-2022) and on an advisory board for Seqirus (2022). I have unpaid positions on the board of the European Scientific Working group on Influenza and other respiratory viruses (ESWI) and as a scientific adviser to PinPoint Medical. I am part of FluTrailMAP(OneHealth), a UKRI-funded research consortium aiming to respond to H5N1.

    Prof Ian Brown: IB receives research funding to study avian influenza in multiple hosts. IB is a member of the UK scientific committee ‘New and Emerging Respiratory Threats Assessment Group’. IB participates in UKHSA led fora that assess the risk to human health from avian influenza viruses.

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Derby’s young climate change champions

    Source: City of Derby

    More than 150 pupils from schools across Derby took part in an event to discuss their climate change concerns and learn about potential careers that could help tackle some of these challenges.

    The children were joined by local businesses and industry experts for The Festival of Ideas – an exciting day of interactive workshops at Pride Park stadium, as part of the Derby Promise.

    A Derby City Council initiative, the Derby Promise focuses on raising employment aspirations and providing meaningful opportunities for the city’s young people, from primary school through to adult education. 

    Taking place during Science Week, the Festival of Ideas saw pupils share knowledge around climate concerns while learning about a range of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Maths) career paths. They also had the opportunity to speak directly with councillors and local leaders about changes they’d like to see, and to ask important questions around their own power to make a difference.

    Workshops were provided by industry experts from Rolls Royce, Wates Construction, Aecom and Climate Education, each exploring different aspects of sustainability and climate action. Activities ranged from quizzes on plastic pollution and global warming, to building a scale suspension bridge which the children could then walk across, seeing the principles of civil engineering in action and understanding the environmental impacts of such projects. 

    There were games around ways to improve our carbon footprint at home, and craft projects demonstrating how wind turbines can make use of our natural resources. 

    Councillor Paul Hezelgrave, Derby City Council Cabinet Member for Children, Young People and Skills, said:

    The Festival of Ideas has been a fantastic opportunity for our young people on several levels. It was great to see them really getting stuck into tasks that sparked conversations around climate, but also ideas to do with possible career paths and how STEM can look outside of a classroom and be applied in the working world. 

    Meeting new people and gaining first-hand experience of what a job can entail is such an important step in inspiring and motivating children, helping them to see what’s possible, what they can work towards. The element of fun in each activity really helped too – these are jobs and projects they can enjoy and feel inspired to pursue.

    A key element of the festival was the opportunity for students to present their climate concerns and ideas to local councillors and leaders. Through creative speeches, artwork, and presentations, they highlighted areas for change and engaged in Q&A sessions.

    • Oakwood Junior School stressed the importance of trees, green spaces, and nature.  
    • Becket Primary School recognised the difference we can all make to ensure communities and the natural world are protected
    • Cherry Tree Hill Primary School are busy composting and were keen for Derby to make composting easier at home, at work, and in public places
    • Beaufort Primary School stressed the need for increased renewable energy use, reduced car usage, increased tree planting, recycling, and waste reduction 
    • Redwood Primary School suggested sustainable transport competitions, refill shops, rewilding, and climate-focused public art 
    • Cavendish Close Junior School discussed careful recycling, water conservation, re-wilding and informed buying choices.

    Students also discussed practical actions they and their schools could take, such as litter-picking groups, bug hotels, wormeries, and recycling champions. They emphasised the importance of using their voices to drive change, encouraging teachers and parents to address environmental issues.

    Councillor Carmel Swan, Cabinet Member for Climate Change, Transport and Sustainability, was particularly impressed by the children’s passion, practical ideas, and optimism. She said:

    The event underlined how important it is that children’s voices are included in conversations around climate change. Our young people are very aware that they’re inheriting a planet with increasing environmental challenges, but one thing that stood out was their positivity in tackling these issues. They truly believe change is possible, and they want to lead the charge in improving climate change.

    The Derby Promise’s Festival of Ideas is an ongoing initiative. Throughout the coming year, schools will be developing their own climate action plans, and the team behind Derby Promise will be providing ongoing teacher support sessions and guidance to schools.

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Sols 4486-4487: Ankle-Breaking Kind of Terrain!

    Source: NASA

    Written by Catherine O’Connell-Cooper, Planetary Geologist at University of New Brunswick

    Earth planning date: Wednesday, March 19, 2025 
    This terrain is a tricky drive, with rocks angled chaotically all around. One of our geologists remarked that they wouldn’t like to even walk over this without solid boots coming way up over the ankles — this is definitely the kind of terrain to result in twisted and broken ankles! So it wasn’t too unexpected that the drive we had planned on Monday cut short after 18 meters (about 59 feet). Fortunately, we ended up both at a workspace with abundant bedrock and in an orientation that allowed us to pass SRAP (our “Slip Risk Assessment Process”).  
    The rover planners were quickly able to find a spot to brush, so we have a coordinated target on “Palm Grove,” one of the laminated rocks in the lower half of the accompanying image. APXS and MAHLI will look at this target on the first sol of the plan, and then ChemCam LIBS and Mastcam will look at it on the second sol. Although the bulk of the bedrock is relatively nodule free, ChemCam will look at the nodular target “Refugio” to compare to the more dominant, nodule-poor bedrock. 
    On Monday, our workspace included some very interesting layers in the bedrock that might represent preserved sand ripples, but sadly, as Conor reported on Monday, we didn’t pass SRAP, which precluded any contact science. However, today we ended up near rocks that had similar layer geometry, and will acquire a MAHLI “Dog’s Eye” or mosaic image of these rocks at “Duna Vista” and two Mastcam 5×3 mosaics (“Bayside Trail” and “Oso Flaco”) on other examples.  
    Mastcam is taking several other images here. A 14×3 mosaic will capture the “nearfield” or area close to the rover, and a set of four further images focus on four distinct trough features, to help us better understand ongoing modification of the surface. Further afield, the “Quartz Hill” and “Pino Alto” mosaics look at areas of fragmented bedrock which may be similar to the “Humber Park” outcrop we analyzed this past weekend. Even further from the rover, ChemCam will acquire RMI (Remote Micro Imager) images of the “Boxworks” and an almost circular depression (“Torote Bowl”) whose origin is not clear. 
    The environmental theme group (ENV) planned a Mastcam tau (to look at dust in the atmosphere) and a Navcam dust-devil survey (to look for dust devils!) for the first sol of the plan. On the second sol, we fill out the movies with Navcam movies looking toward the south of the crater (suprahorizon, cloud shadow, and zenith movies) and a Mastcam sky survey.  
    In between the movies on the second sol, our drive is planned to take us another 34 meters (about 112 feet)… but we will have to see how far our intrepid rover will make it on this tricky terrain. Slow and steady will win this race!

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Shocking Spherules!

    Source: NASA

    Written by Alex Jones, Ph.D. candidate at Imperial College London

    Last week the Perseverance Science Team were astonished by a strange rock comprised of hundreds of millimeter-sized spheres… and the team are now working hard to understand their origin. 

    It has now been two weeks since Perseverance arrived at Broom Point, situated at the lower slopes of the Witch Hazel Hill area, on the Jezero crater rim. Here, a series of light- and dark- toned bands were visible from orbit, and just last week the rover successfully abraded and sampled one of the light-toned beds. It was from this sampling workspace where Perseverance spied a very strange texture in a nearby rock… 
    The rock, named “St. Pauls Bay” by the team, appeared to be comprised of hundreds of millimeter-sized, dark gray spheres. Some of these occurred as more elongate, elliptical shapes, while others possessed angular edges, perhaps representing broken spherule fragments. Some spheres even possessed tiny pinholes! What quirk of geology could produce these strange shapes? 
    This isn’t the first time strange spheres have been spotted on Mars. In 2004, the Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity spotted so-called, “Martian Blueberries” at Meridiani Planum, and since then, the Curiosity rover has observed spherules in the rocks of Yellowknife Bay at Gale crater. Just a few months ago, Perseverance itself also spied popcorn-like textures in sedimentary rocks exposed in the Jezero crater inlet channel, Neretva Vallis. In each of these cases, the spherules were interpreted as concretions, features that formed by interaction with groundwater circulating through pore spaces in the rock. Not all spherules form this way, however. They also form on Earth by rapid cooling of molten rock droplets formed in a volcanic eruption, for instance, or by the condensation of rock vaporized by a meteorite impact.  

    Each of these formation mechanisms would have vastly different implications for the evolution of these rocks, so the team is working hard to determine their context and origin. St. Pauls Bay, however, was float rock — a term used by geologists to describe something that is not in-place. The team are now working to link the spherule-rich texture observed at St. Pauls Bay to the wider stratigraphy at Witch Hazel Hill, and initial observations have provided tantalizing indications that it could be linked to one of the dark-toned layers identified by the team from orbit. Placing these features in geologic context will be critical for understanding their origin, and determining their significance for the geological history of the Jezero crater rim and beyond! 

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI: Rapid7 Appoints Three New Board Members

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    BOSTON, March 24, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Rapid7, Inc. (NASDAQ: RPD), a leader in extended risk and threat detection, today announced that it will appoint three new members to its Board of Directors: Wael Mohamed, Mike Burns and Kevin Galligan. These appointments will expand Rapid7’s Board to comprise 11 directors. In addition, Rapid7 and JANA Partners Management, LP have entered into a cooperation agreement, which, among other things, provides that JANA Partners will support all of Rapid7’s director nominees at its upcoming annual shareholder meeting.

    Corey Thomas, Chairman and CEO of Rapid7, stated: “Rapid7 is entering an exciting new chapter of growth, and we are confident that adding Wael, Mike and Kevin to our Board will accelerate our ability to execute with greater speed, focus and impact. Each brings a wealth of expertise that will help us sharpen our strategy, strengthen execution and drive greater value creation for our shareholders.”

    Thomas continued, “With a differentiated security data platform and an expanding security operations ecosystem, we are delivering cutting-edge solutions in AI-driven threat detection and response, cloud security and exposure management — empowering organizations to secure their environments more effectively and efficiently. We are well-positioned within these markets to drive sustainable, profitable growth, and these strategic Board appointments reinforce our commitment to scaling our business, enhancing operational efficiency, and driving long-term shareholder returns.”

    Scott Ostfeld, Managing Partner of JANA Partners, added: “We are encouraged by the steps Rapid7 is taking to enhance its leadership and execution capabilities. We have appreciated our highly constructive dialogue with Rapid7 and look forward to working with management and the Board to capitalize on the significant opportunities ahead and to maximize value for shareholders.”

    A copy of the cooperation agreement will be included as an exhibit to the company’s Current Report on Form 8-K to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

    Advisors

    J.P. Morgan is serving as financial advisor, and Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP is serving as legal advisor, to Rapid7 in connection with the cooperation agreement.

    About Wael Mohamed

    Wael Mohamed has a unique combination of cybersecurity, digital transformation, and executive leadership expertise, which has enabled him to be a go-to advisor for boards and executives for more than 30 years. Mr. Mohamed is the co-founder and Managing General Partner of Global Forward Capital. Prior to that, Mr. Mohamed was an Operating Partner at Advent International and became the CEO of Forescout, an Advent International portfolio company. He previously served as President & COO and board member of Trend Micro Group. Mr. Mohamed received a Bachelor of Computer Science from Dalhousie University and the Executive Corporate Director Certificate from Harvard Business School.

    About Mike Burns

    Mike Burns has more than 25 years of senior leadership experience in finance and operations with high-growth public technology companies. Most recently, Mr. Burns served as Chief Financial Officer of Imperva, Inc. Previously he served as CFO of Gigamon as well as CFO of Volterra Semiconductor. Earlier in his career, Mr. Burns held senior finance roles at Intel Corporation. He earned his A.B. in Economics and M.S. in Industrial Engineering from Stanford University, and his MBA from the UC Berkeley Haas School of Business.

    About Kevin Galligan

    Kevin Galligan has 18 years of experience investing in companies and driving shareholder value. He is a Partner and Director of Research at JANA Partners, an investment firm specializing in enhancing shareholder value. Mr. Galligan joined JANA Partners in 2011 from Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Company where he was a Principal in the North American Private Equity Group. Prior to that, he worked in the Mergers & Acquisitions Advisory Division of The Blackstone Group. Mr. Galligan holds a B.A. in Economics from Columbia University.

    About Rapid7

    Rapid7 (Nasdaq: RPD) is on a mission to create a safer digital world by making cybersecurity simpler and more accessible. We empower security professionals to manage a modern attack surface through our best-in-class technology, leading-edge research, and broad, strategic expertise. Rapid7’s comprehensive security solutions help more than 11,000 global customers unite cloud risk management and threat detection to reduce attack surfaces and eliminate threats with speed and precision. For more information, visit our website, check out our blog, or follow us on LinkedIn or X.

    Cautionary Language Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

    This press release includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, the statements regarding the appointment of Wael Mohamed, Michael Burns, and Kevin Galligan, and the experiences and value that they will bring to the Board and Rapid7, Inc. (“Rapid7”). Our use of the words “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “will” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. The events described in our forward-looking statements are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, assumptions and other factors that could cause actual results and the timing of certain events to differ materially from future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Risks that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, growing macroeconomic uncertainty, unstable market and economic conditions, fluctuations in our quarterly results, our ability to successfully grow our sales of our cloud-based solutions, including through the shift to a consolidated platform sales approach, effectiveness of our restructuring plan that was completed during fiscal year 2024, failure to meet our publicly announced guidance or other expectations about our business, our ability to sustain our revenue growth rate, the ability of our products and professional services to correctly detect vulnerabilities, renewal of our customer’s subscriptions, competition in the markets in which we operate, market growth, our ability to innovate and manage our growth, our sales cycles, our ability to integrate acquired companies, exposure to greater than anticipated tax liabilities, and our ability to operate in compliance with applicable laws as well as other risks and uncertainties that could affect our business and results described in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”), including our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on February 28, 2025, particularly in the section entitled “Item 1.A Risk Factors,” and in the subsequent reports that we file with the SEC. Moreover, we operate in a very competitive and rapidly changing environment. New risks emerge from time to time. It is not possible for our management to predict all risks, nor can we assess the impact of all factors on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements we may make. Except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of such statements. You should, therefore, not rely on these forward-looking statements as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this press release.

    Additional Information

    Rapid7 intends to file a proxy statement, together with a proxy card, with the SEC in connection with its solicitation of proxies for its 2025 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “2025 Annual Meeting”). Rapid7 stockholders are urged to read the proxy statement, together with the proxy card, and other relevant documents filed or to be filed with the SEC when they become available because they contain or will contain important information. Investors will be able to get copies of the proxy statement and other documents (including the proxy card) filled with the SEC by Rapid7 for free at the SEC’s website, www.sec.gov. Copies of those documents will also be available free of charge through the “Investors” section of Rapid7’s website, under Financials/SEC Filings, at www.rapid7.com.

    Participants in the Solicitation

    Rapid7, members of our Board of Directors and certain of our executive officers are “participants” in the solicitation of proxies from the Company’s stockholders in connection with the 2025 Annual Meeting. Information regarding the Company’s Board of Directors and executive officers and their respective interests in the Company, by security holdings or otherwise, is set forth in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2024, filed with the SEC on February 28, 2025. To the extent such ownership interests have changed since such filings, such changes have been reflected on Statements of Change in Ownership on Form 4 filed with the SEC, and will be reflected in the Proxy Statement for the 2025 Annual Meeting when filed with the SEC. Security holders may obtain free copies of these documents as described above.

    Investor contact:
    Elizabeth Chwalk
    Vice President, Investor Relations
    investors@rapid7.com
    (617) 865-4277

    Press contact:
    Alice Randall
    Director, Global Corporate Communications
    press@rapid7.com
    (214) 693-4727 

    The MIL Network –