Category: Science

MIL-OSI USA: Electronic components can self-assemble using new technique

Source: US Government research organizations

A recent proof-of-concept experiment demonstrates a potential way to manufacture electronic devices with less energy and waste

A new technique for creating simple electronic device components proved effective in recent tests. The results show that self-assembly for more complicated electronics, like 3D computer chips, could be possible.

The findings are published in Materials Horizons and supported by the U.S. National Science Foundation Center for Complex Particle Systems. The technique exhibits a relatively “passive” creation process compared to current industry methods, eliminating the need for high-cost robotic or manual labor.

The method explores arrays of transistors and diodes for now but could be used to fabricate more complex structures, such as 3D chips, in the future.

Martin Thuo is a professor of materials science and engineering at North Carolina State University and an author of the study. Says Thuo, “Existing chip manufacturing techniques involve many steps and rely on extremely complex technologies, making the process costly and time-consuming. Our self-assembling approach is significantly faster and less expensive.”

Credit: Julia Chang

These microscopic objects were self-assembled using the new technique which the researchers refer to as a directed metal-ligand reaction or D-Met. So far, the technique can be used to create diodes, transistors and other simple electronic components.

“What’s more, current manufacturing techniques have low yield, meaning they produce a relatively large number of faulty chips that can’t be used,” adds Thuo. “Our approach is high yield — meaning you get more consistent production of arrays and less waste.”

Using this approach, the experiment runs a solution of carbon and oxygen “ligands” pulled through liquid metal particles. These flow into a preset mold — think of it like nanotech “Jell-O mixture” or “cupcake batter” setting into molds to be “baked.” Only, in their case, they become end-products like diodes and transistors.

Before heating this solution, the ligands capture ions from the liquid metal before flowing into the mold. These grow into intricate 3D structures or arrays, while any liquid matter naturally evaporates away during this process.

Finally, the array is heated and transformed into all-new structures. These consist of mixed-metal oxides and carbon atoms, self-arranged to become new diodes, transistors or other electronic parts.

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025

MIL-OSI USA: N.C. Trails Committee Awards Over $1.24 Million in Federal Grants, Recommends Designations for Access Points on State Paddle Trails

Source: US State of North Carolina

Headline: N.C. Trails Committee Awards Over $1.24 Million in Federal Grants, Recommends Designations for Access Points on State Paddle Trails

N.C. Trails Committee Awards Over $1.24 Million in Federal Grants, Recommends Designations for Access Points on State Paddle Trails
jejohnson6
Fri, 12/20/2024 – 11:22

At its December meeting, the North Carolina Trails Committee selected 13 trail development projects and five safety and education projects to receive matching federal grants, the N.C. Division of Parks and Recreation announced. In addition, the committee recommended the official designation of the first access points on the new Haw River State Trail and four accesses on the Yadkin River State Trail.

“This annual funding from the federal government is key to continuing North Carolina’s distinction as the Great Trails State,” said N.C. Department of Natural and Cultural Resources Secretary Reid Wilson. “Trail improvements, new trail development, and trail safety and education programs help residents and visitors take advantage of healthy and affordable outdoor recreation opportunities.”

The selected projects include relocation of an off-road vehicle trail to make it more sustainable, updates to a paddle trail access, improvements to greenways, and construction on new trails. The projects range from a little over $54,000 up to the maximum of $100,000, with a total of over $1.2 million. The Safety and Education grants are around $5,000 each, totaling over $24,000.

In addition, the committee recommended to the DNCR Secretary the approval of the first designated access on the Haw River State Trail, on Brooks Bridge in Rockingham County, along a segment called High Rock Ford. The Haw River State Trail was authorized by the General Assembly in 2023. The committee also recommended official designations for four accesses on the Yadkin River State Trail:

• The boat access at Morrow Mountain State Park

• Donnaha Access in Yadkin County

• Moravian Creek Access in the town of Wilkesboro, and

• Ronda Memorial Park Access in the town of Ronda.

Together, these access points will add 13.6 designated miles to the Yadkin River State Trail.

“We are very excited to continue to make progress on the state trails,” said Division Director Brian Strong. “These accesses allow the public to enjoy two of North Carolina’s beautiful rivers, the Haw and the Yadkin. We appreciate the hard work that our state trail partners and section sponsors have put in to help us grow the state trails network in North Carolina.”

State trails, a unit of the state parks system, epitomize partnerships. They are composed of multiple connected sections, and each section of the trail is sponsored by a state or federal agency, local government, or private landowner. Section sponsors build, maintain, and manage their section of the trail. Once a segment of trail or access is constructed within the planning corridor of a state trail, the section sponsor must apply for official state trail designation. Until the trail segment is designated, it is not part of the state trail.

The Division’s Trails Program manages the federal Recreational Trails Program Grant from the Federal Highway Administration. The grant provides funding for construction of new trails, maintenance and repair of existing trails, land acquisition, purchase of trail tools, and planning, legal, environmental, and permitting costs. Safety and Education grants are a subset of the program and are awarded for safety and education instructor fees, speaker fees, displays, signage, and other uses. Federal, state, or local government agencies or qualified nonprofit organizations are eligible to apply for the annual RTP grants.

The seven-member Trails Committee, appointed by the DNCR Secretary, advise the Trails Program on funding recommendations. Final determination on grant awards is made by the DNCR Secretary. The committee members represent various trail use communities across the state, including hiking, biking, paddling, equestrian, and off-road vehicles.

The Trails Committee also reviews designation applications for state trails and makes recommendations for the DNCR Secretary’s final approval.

Grant recipients and awards are as follows:

Trail Development Projects

Recipient	County	Project Name	Funds Awarded
U.S. Forest Service	Burke	2024 Brown Mountain Off-Highway Vehicle Area Maintenance – Trail Relocation	$100,000
U.S. Forest Service	Burke	Brown Mountain OHV Area Mini-Excavator – Trail Equipment	$100,000
Town of Rolesville	Wake	Granite Acres Greenway Connection Project – New Trail	$100,000
Alamance Parks (on behalf of Friends of Haw River State Trail)	Alamance, Guilford, Rockingham	Haw River State Trail Paddle and Land Trail Improvements – Greenway Facilities	$78,000
Chatham County	Chatham	HRST Pegg Tract Improvements – New Trail	$100,000
Blue Ridge Conservancy	Ashe	Northern Peaks State Trail Three Top Mountain Phase 1 – New Trail	$100,000
Town of Sylva	Jackson	Pinnacle Park Recreation Trails – New Trail	$92,000
Town of Boone	Watauga	NPST Rivers House Park – New Trail	$54,932
Town of Rosman	Transylvania	Rosman Riverfront Park Phase 1 – New Trail	$100,000
Catawba Lands Conservancy	Gaston	Spencer Mountain Trail Construction – New Trail	$100,000
Cleveland County Water	Cleveland	Stagecoach Greenway Narrows Segment – New Trail	$100,000
City of Rocky Mount	Nash	Sunset Park New Multi-Use Natural Surface Trail, Joint Trailhead and Renovation of Sunset Tar River	$100,000
Camp Grier	McDowell	Woods Mountain Trail Restoration	$100,000
		TOTAL	$1,224,932

Safety and Education Grants

Recipient	County	Program Name	Funds Awarded
Dan River Basin Association	Caswell, Rockingham, Stokes	Public Water Safety Classes for Recreational Boaters	$5,000.00
McDowell County	McDowell	McDowell Trails Tool and Education Fund	$4,960.48
McDowell Tech Community College	McDowell	McDowell Tech Trail School	$5,000.00
Carolina Mountain Club	Buncombe, Haywood, Madison	Certification of CMC Sawyers	$4,900.00
Camp Grier	McDowell	Usability and Sustainability Program for Volunteer Trail Crew	$4,988.41
		TOTAL	$24,848.89

About North Carolina State Parks
North Carolina State Parks manages more than 262,000 acres of iconic landscape within North Carolina’s state parks, state recreation areas and state natural areas. It administers the N.C. Parks and Recreation Trust Fund, including its local grants program, as well as a state trails program, North Carolina Natural and Scenic Rivers and more, all with a mission dedicated to conservation, recreation and education. The state parks system welcomes more than 19 million visitors annually.

About the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources
The N.C. Department of Natural and Cultural Resources (DNCR) manages, promotes, and enhances the things that people love about North Carolina – its diverse arts and culture, rich history, and spectacular natural areas. Through its programs, the department enhances education, stimulates economic development, improves public health, expands accessibility, and strengthens community resiliency.

The department manages over 100 locations across the state, including 27 historic sites, seven history museums, two art museums, five science museums, four aquariums, 35 state parks, four recreation areas, dozens of state trails and natural areas, the North Carolina Zoo, the State Library, the State Archives, the N.C. Arts Council, the African American Heritage Commission, the American Indian Heritage Commission, the State Historic Preservation Office, the Office of State Archaeology, the Highway Historical Markers program, the N.C. Land and Water Fund, and the Natural Heritage Program. For more information, please visit www.dncr.nc.gov.

Dec 20, 2024

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025

MIL-OSI: Canadian Nuclear Laboratories and Karlsruhe Institute of Technology to Collaborate on Fusion, Materials and Hydrogen Science & Technology

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

CHALK RIVER, Ontario, Dec. 20, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Canadian Nuclear Laboratories (CNL), Canada’s premier nuclear science and technology organization, is pleased to announce that it has signed an agreement with the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany’s premier research institution, to pursue collaborative research related to fusion, materials characterization and hydrogen science and technology. With shared scientific missions to address national priorities in clean energy and environmental sciences, the agreement serves as a framework through which the national research organizations can collaborate in areas of mutual interest, leveraging their individual resources, facilities, and expertise.

According to terms of the agreement, the organizations will explore collaborative research projects in fields that include tritium analytics, tritium barriers and surface analysis, tritium fuel cycle optimization, characterization and metallurgy of irradiated materials, and hydrogen safety. Working together, the organizations hope to realize important progress in the advancement of these fields of research and others, which are priorities to both country’s domestic clean energy research programs.

“CNL is a world leader in nuclear science and technology, including hydrogen. We are now working to re-establish ourselves in fusion, which is yielding some very exciting commercial opportunities, and drawing the attention of other leading research organizations who share our goals in clean energy,” commented Dr. Stephen Bushby, CNL’s Vice-President of Science and Technology. “With the signing of this agreement with the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, a leading German research institution that has complementary capabilities, CNL continues to expand its network and pursue even more ambitious collaborative research. By working together, I think we can help to accelerate these promising fields of study and contribute to much-needed progress in clean energy.”

“With fusion taking momentum all around the world, Germany investing substantial amounts to promote the cooperation between National Labs and private actors in the field, and KIT being at the centre of fusion technologies and materials development in Germany and in Europe, it is quite straightforward for us to engage in an international cooperation that offers plenty of opportunities for world-leading developments, e.g., in the fusion fuel cycle, hydrogen, and materials areas,” said Dr. Klaus Hesch, Head of KIT´s Fusion Programme. “CNL´s tritium expertise derived from decades of scientifically-technically accompanying and enabling the operation of the CANDU reactors perfectly complements the experience we have acquired in our Tritium Laboratory Karlsruhe with regard to tritium handling and processing for fusion. There is interest to extend the cooperation both towards other fusion companies as well as to the European Fusion Programme.”

CNL has decades of experience and expertise in materials characterization, hydrogen production, safety and storage, and tritium research, among other related fields of research. The Chalk River campus is also home to a state-of-the-art Tritium Facility and a Hydrogen Isotopes Technology Laboratory, as well as a rapidly growing fusion energy program. Not only did CNL recently announce the expansion of two of its flagship clean energy programs to include fusion – its advanced reactor siting program and the Canadian Nuclear Research Initiative (CNRI) – but CNL also invested $10 million into General Fusion, an international leader in commercial fusion energy. This is in addition to the launch of a new joint venture with Kyoto Fusioneering known as Fusion Fuel Cycles Inc. (FFC), which is moving forward with a globally unique test facility available to industry to test and refine their unique processes.

All of these projects, programs and resources are complemented by those at KIT, which serves as one of the largest science institutions in Europe, with over 5,000 people conducting research on a broad range of disciplines, from natural sciences to engineering. KIT is also home to research centers that focus on problems of fundamental importance to the existence and further development of society, and on key issues resulting from the striving for knowledge, which includes climate and environment, energy, materials in technical and life sciences, and elementary particle and astroparticle physics, among others. With the agreement now serving as a framework to facilitate collaborative research activities, both organizations believe that it could also act as a first step towards a broader relationship that expands into other fields of research.

If you’d like to learn more about CNL or its projects in clean energy and environmental sciences, please visit www.cnl.ca. For more information on KIT and its programs of work, please visit www.kit.edu.

About CNL

As Canada’s premier nuclear science and technology laboratory and working under the direction of Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL), CNL is a world leader in the development of innovative nuclear science and technology products and services. Guided by an ambitious corporate strategy known as Vision 2030, CNL fulfills three strategic priorities of national importance – restoring and protecting the environment, advancing clean energy technologies, and contributing to the health of Canadians.

By leveraging the assets owned by AECL, CNL also serves as the nexus between government, the nuclear industry, the broader private sector and the academic community. CNL works in collaboration with these sectors to advance innovative Canadian products and services towards real-world use, including carbon-free energy, cancer treatments and other therapies, non-proliferation technologies and waste management solutions.

To learn more about CNL, please visit www.cnl.ca.

About KIT

Being “The Research University in the Helmholtz Association”, KIT creates and imparts knowledge for the society and the environment. It is the objective to make significant contributions to the global challenges in the fields of energy, mobility, and information. For this, about 10,000 employees cooperate in a broad range of disciplines in natural sciences, engineering sciences, economics, and the humanities and social sciences. KIT prepares its 22,800 students for responsible tasks in society, industry, and science by offering research-based study programs. Innovation efforts at KIT build a bridge between important scientific findings and their application for the benefit of society, economic prosperity, and the preservation of our natural basis of life. KIT is one of the German universities of excellence.

To learn more about KIT, please visit www.kit.edu.

CNL Contact:
Philip Kompass
Director, Corporate Communications
1-866-886-2325
media@cnl.ca

A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/2147c02c-0c21-421c-8a37-e6f279aeb3ea

The MIL Network –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI Russia: Dmitry Chernyshenko: All-Russian Phygital Games in 2025 will be held in Nizhny Novgorod

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Government of the Russian Federation – An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

Dmitry Chernyshenko announced the country’s phygital capital in 2025

December 20, 2024

Dmitry Chernyshenko announced the country’s phygital capital in 2025

December 20, 2024

Previous news Next news

Dmitry Chernyshenko announced the country’s phygital capital in 2025

As part of the year-end review, the Government Coordination Center announced the country’s phygital capital in 2025. The qualifying tournament for the upcoming Games of the Future – the Phygital Games – will be held next year in Nizhny Novgorod.

“At the initiative of our President, a new, previously non-existent movement, “phygital”, was created. The first Games of the Future in human history were held with great success, and the heads of seven states came to the Games at the invitation. The format that we created has already been supported in 106 countries,”

noted Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko.

Phygital disciplines competitions are held in Serbia, Armenia, Cameroon, Uzbekistan and other countries.

In Russia, the development of the phygital movement is defined by a concept approved by the Government. Moreover, the word “phygital” has become one of the main state words of the year in Russia, along with the words “self-realization”, “historical education” and “sovereignty”. More than 3 thousand documents were used for the analysis. RANEPA experts conducted a quantitative and qualitative analysis of strategic planning documents and speeches by Vladimir Putin.

“Russia, as a founding country, must first of all show at home what the development of this amazing product can be. A product that creates a completely new, harmoniously developed personality, which is equally perfect in both the digital and real worlds,” added Dmitry Chernyshenko.

“32 regions have already actively joined the work, 300 of our athletes have already participated in the selection and will go to the Future Games in the Emirates. We would like to wish the guys there all sorts of victories, success, as Russia is used to being a leader in all areas, including sports. We are a great sports power. And despite the fact that phygital is at the intersection of science, education and sports, it is something completely new. We want to give all the records there our resounding names,” the Deputy Prime Minister noted.

In 2025, the GOTF.Major.Russia Phygital Games will be held in Nizhny Novgorod. 14 Russian cities bid for the right to host the tournament.

“The phygital movement in the Nizhny Novgorod Region is developing at a rapid pace. This year, as part of “CIPR-2024”, we held the first phygital festival, and in the summer – the first phygital camp, we include competitions in phygital basketball, football, racing, hockey and even phygital sledge hockey in the largest sports tournaments. At mass sports events, we organize master classes so that as many children as possible who are keen on computer games get involved in classic sports, and athletes of basic sports gain additional skills with the help of “phygital”. I thank the organizers for choosing our site to hold the All-Russian Phygital Games. It is a great honor for us to host this tournament in the Nizhny Novgorod region. We will make every effort to ensure that the competitions are not only held at the highest level, but also become a real celebration of the sports of the future for all participants,” said the Governor of the Nizhny Novgorod Region, Gleb Nikitin.

The Future Games is a unique tournament in the phygital concept, a sports show of a new format that combines competitions in the physical and digital dimensions. The Future Games 2024 tournament, which was held in Kazan from February 21 to March 3, 2024, was attended by more than 2,000 athletes from different countries in 21 innovative disciplines. The baton of the Future Games was picked up by other countries: next year the tournament will be held in the United Arab Emirates, and in 2026 – in Kazakhstan.

Phygital Games are annual all-Russian competitions in phygital sports. Teams that win the competitions receive the right to participate in the international qualification, and in case of collecting a sufficient number of rating points, a direct ticket to the annual international multi-sport tournament “Games of the Future”.

The Phygital Games 2024 were held in Moscow from September 1 to 8 at the venue of the forum and festival “Territory of the Future. Moscow 2030” in the Luzhniki sports complex. They included competitions of the Russian Phygital Sports Championship 2024 in the disciplines “Rhythm Simulator” and “Tactical Shooting” and the national qualification in Phygital Football and Phygital Basketball.

Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

MIL OSI Russia News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI Canada: Prime Minister announces changes to the Ministry
Source: Government of Canada – Prime Minister

The Prime Minister, Justin Trudeau, today announced changes to the Ministry. The new Ministry will deliver on what matters most to Canadians: making life more affordable and growing the economy.

Building on the work done since 2015 to invest in Canadians, the team will continue to move forward on housing, child care, and school food while working to put more money back in people’s pockets.

The changes to the Ministry are as follows:
- Anita Anand becomes Minister of Transport and Internal Trade
- Gary Anandasangaree becomes Minister of Crown-Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs and Minister responsible for the Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency
- Steven MacKinnon becomes Minister of Employment, Workforce Development and Labour
- Ginette Petitpas Taylor becomes President of the Treasury Board
The Prime Minister also welcomed the following new members to the Ministry:
- Rachel Bendayan becomes Minister of Official Languages and Associate Minister of Public Safety
- Élisabeth Brière becomes Minister of National Revenue
- Terry Duguid becomes Minister of Sport and Minister responsible for Prairies Economic Development Canada
- Nate Erskine-Smith becomes Minister of Housing, Infrastructure and Communities
- Darren Fisher becomes Minister of Veterans Affairs and Associate Minister of National Defence
- David J. McGuinty becomes Minister of Public Safety
- Ruby Sahota becomes Minister of Democratic Institutions and Minister responsible for the Federal Economic Development Agency for Southern Ontario
- Joanne Thompson becomes Minister of Seniors
These new ministers will work with all members of Cabinet to deliver real, positive change for Canadians. They join the following ministers remaining in their portfolio:
- Terry Beech, Minister of Citizens’ Services
- Bill Blair, Minister of National Defence
- François-Philippe Champagne, Minister of Innovation, Science and Industry
- Jean-Yves Duclos, Minister of Public Services and Procurement and Quebec Lieutenant
- Karina Gould, Leader of the Government in the House of Commons
- Steven Guilbeault, Minister of Environment and Climate Change
- Patty Hajdu, Minister of Indigenous Services and Minister responsible for the Federal Economic Development Agency for Northern Ontario
- Mark Holland, Minister of Health
- Ahmed Hussen, Minister of International Development
- Gudie Hutchings, Minister of Rural Economic Development and Minister responsible for the Atlantic Canada Opportunities Agency
- Marci Ien, Minister for Women and Gender Equality and Youth
- Mélanie Joly, Minister of Foreign Affairs
- Kamal Khera, Minister of Diversity, Inclusion and Persons with Disabilities
- Dominic LeBlanc, Minister of Finance and Intergovernmental Affairs
- Diane Lebouthillier, Minister of Fisheries, Oceans and the Canadian Coast Guard
- Lawrence MacAulay, Minister of Agriculture and Agri-Food
- Soraya Martinez Ferrada, Minister of Tourism and Minister responsible for the Economic Development Agency of Canada for the Regions of Quebec
- Marc Miller, Minister of Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship
- Mary Ng, Minister of Export Promotion, International Trade and Economic Development
- Harjit S. Sajjan, President of the King’s Privy Council for Canada and Minister of Emergency Preparedness and Minister responsible for the Pacific Economic Development Agency of Canada
- Ya’ara Saks, Minister of Mental Health and Addictions and Associate Minister of Health
- Pascale St-Onge, Minister of Canadian Heritage
- Jenna Sudds, Minister of Families, Children and Social Development
- Rechie Valdez, Minister of Small Business
- Arif Virani, Minister of Justice and Attorney General of Canada
- Jonathan Wilkinson, Minister of Energy and Natural Resources
Quote

“Our team is focused on the things that matter most to you – making life more affordable, growing the economy, and creating good jobs for the middle class. Together, we will keep building a strong future for the middle class, and for all Canadians.”

Quick Facts
- Since 2015, the Ministry has made real progress for the middle class and those working hard to join it – from lifting hundreds of thousands of children out of poverty with the Canada Child Benefit to delivering on our promise of $10-a-day child care and the National School Food Program.
- With the changes announced today, the Ministry retains a total of 38 ministers, in addition to the Prime Minister. In keeping with the precedent set in 2015, there is an equal number of women and men.
- The Cabinet is the central decision-making forum in government, responsible for its administration and the establishment of its policy. Its members are each responsible for individual portfolios or departments.
Associated Link

MIL OSI Canada News –
January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: 399 Sea Turtles Rescued, Rehabilitated and Released Thanks to Community Partnerships

Source: US State of North Carolina

Headline: 399 Sea Turtles Rescued, Rehabilitated and Released Thanks to Community Partnerships

399 Sea Turtles Rescued, Rehabilitated and Released Thanks to Community Partnerships
jejohnson6
Fri, 12/20/2024 – 11:38

The North Carolina Aquarium on Roanoke Island has rehabilitated and released 399 sea turtles with the aid of several long-standing community partnerships on the Outer Banks. The turtles were initially brought to the Sea Turtle Assistance and Rehabilitation (STAR) Center at the Aquarium because of cold-stunning, a hypothermia-like condition that occurs when the water temperature drops quickly before the sea turtles can migrate to warmer water.

More than 135 Aquarium staff and volunteers have worked tirelessly to process intakes and provide care as 553 cold-stunned sea turtles were delivered to the Aquarium between Dec. 1-7, when temperatures on the Outer Banks fell dramatically.

The response, rescue, and transport of sea turtles during a cold-stun stranding event relies heavily on the Network for Endangered Sea Turtles (N.E.S.T.) and their nearly 25-year partnership with the Aquarium. Throughout this stranding event, the Aquarium, STAR Center, and N.E.S.T. have collaborated with multiple organizations, including Cape Hatteras National Seashore, the N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission, the Outer Banks S.P.C.A. and local veterinarian clinics, Phideaux Fishing vessel, and the U.S. Coast Guard Stations Hatteras Inlet and Fort Macon, Sector North Carolina. Additionally, an outpouring of support has been offered by local groups, individuals, the N.C. Aquarium Society, and partners from the Association of Zoos & Aquariums.

The hundreds of participants involved in this cold-stun event have provided multi-tiered support including leading logistics, holding sea turtles in the clinic, providing care, and transporting turtles throughout the facility. They provide land and sea transportation for turtle rescues and releases, run laundry, prepare veterinary supplies and salt water, assist with intakes and swim tests, and share updates with stakeholders. Additionally, a concerted effort from all parties has guaranteed the care of caretakers as well, by providing meals to participants and celebrating their time, energy, and commitment to saving sea turtles.

As of Dec. 17, the Aquarium has received 576 sea turtles which include N.C.’s most common species: loggerhead, green and Kemp’s ridley. The STAR Center is currently caring for approximately 71 animals. Releases are planned for additional dates in December.

Sea turtles that appear still or sluggish in the sound water or on a beach during winter months should not be pushed back into the water or moved. Instead, a sea turtle that appears to be in distress should be reported to the Sea Turtle Stranding Hotline via N.E.S.T. at 252-441-8622.

Sea turtles in North Carolina are protected by the federal Endangered Species Act and managed by the N.C. Wildlife Resources Commission. N.C. Aquarium on Roanoke Island operates under NCWRC Sea Turtle Permit #24ST46.

About the North Carolina Aquarium on Roanoke Island
The North Carolina Aquarium on Roanoke Island, close to Ft. Raleigh National Historic Site, is open 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. every day except Thanksgiving and Christmas. Admission: ages 3–12, $10.95; ages 13–61, $12.95; ages 62 +, $11.95. Children 2 and under and North Carolina Aquarium Society members are admitted free of charge.

About the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources
The N.C. Department of Natural and Cultural Resources (DNCR) manages, promotes, and enhances the things that people love about North Carolina – its diverse arts and culture, rich history, and spectacular natural areas. Through its programs, the department enhances education, stimulates economic development, improves public health, expands accessibility, and strengthens community resiliency.

The department manages over 100 locations across the state, including 27 historic sites, seven history museums, two art museums, five science museums, four aquariums, 35 state parks, four recreation areas, dozens of state trails and natural areas, the North Carolina Zoo, the State Library, the State Archives, the N.C. Arts Council, the African American Heritage Commission, the American Indian Heritage Commission, the State Historic Preservation Office, the Office of State Archaeology, the Highway Historical Markers program, the N.C. Land and Water Fund, and the Natural Heritage Program. For more information, please visit www.dncr.nc.gov.

Dec 18, 2024

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: Mountain Gateway Museum Opens Temporary Location

Source: US State of North Carolina

Headline: Mountain Gateway Museum Opens Temporary Location

Mountain Gateway Museum Opens Temporary Location
jejohnson6
Fri, 12/20/2024 – 11:27

The Mountain Gateway Museum has opened to the public at its temporary location at 78-C Catawba Ave., in Old Fort. Repairs have begun to the museum and grounds following damage from Hurricane Helene. The museum operates Tuesday-Saturday from 9 a.m.-5 p.m., and is closed Sundays and Mondays and all state holidays.

At the new location, a permanent exhibit on what makes Western N.C. unique to the rest of the state has been installed. From the people who live here to the fauna, flora, agriculture, and more, guests can learn what makes this region special. Visitors also can view a temporary exhibit, “A Place at the Polls,” to learn about the evolution of voting rights in North Carolina.

For more information, or if you need to contact us, please call us at our new phone number, 828-785-9528, or email us at mgm@dncr.nc.gov.

About Mountain Gateway Museum
A regional branch of the North Carolina Museum of History in Raleigh, the Mountain Gateway Museum & Heritage Center (MGM) is the westernmost facility in the N.C. Department of Natural & Cultural Resources’ Division of State History Museums.

Nestled at the foot of the Blue Ridge Mountains along the banks of historic Mill Creek in downtown Old Fort (McDowell County), the museum uses artifacts, exhibitions, educational programs, living history demonstrations, and special events to teach people about the rich history and cultural heritage of the state’s mountain region, from its original inhabitants through early settlement and into the 20th century.

As part of its education outreach mission, MGM also assists non-profit museums and historic sites in 38 western NC counties with exhibit development & fabrication, genealogical research, photography archives, traveling exhibitions, and consultations.

About the North Carolina Department of Natural and Cultural Resources
The N.C. Department of Natural and Cultural Resources (DNCR) manages, promotes, and enhances the things that people love about North Carolina – its diverse arts and culture, rich history, and spectacular natural areas. Through its programs, the department enhances education, stimulates economic development, improves public health, expands accessibility, and strengthens community resiliency.

The department manages over 100 locations across the state, including 27 historic sites, seven history museums, two art museums, five science museums, four aquariums, 35 state parks, four recreation areas, dozens of state trails and natural areas, the North Carolina Zoo, the State Library, the State Archives, the N.C. Arts Council, the African American Heritage Commission, the American Indian Heritage Commission, the State Historic Preservation Office, the Office of State Archaeology, the Highway Historical Markers program, the N.C. Land and Water Fund, and the Natural Heritage Program. For more information, please visit www.dncr.nc.gov.

Dec 19, 2024

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025

MIL-OSI: Unaudited Half-Yearly Financial Report

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

FORESIGHT VENTURES VCT PLC
(FORMERLY THAMES VENTURES VCT 1 PLC)

Unaudited Half-Yearly Financial Report
30 September 2024

FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

£72.7m
Total net assets
as at 30 September 2024

1.1p
Dividend paid
26 July 2024

42.1p
NAV per share
as at 30 September 2024

CHAIR’S STATEMENT

“I present the Company’s unaudited Half-Yearly Financial Report for the six months ended 30 September 2024.”

Post-period activity
Before discussing the period to 30 September 2024, I would like to welcome our new Shareholders who have been issued shares in the Company as part of the merger with Thames Ventures VCT 2 plc (“TV2”). The merger completed on 15 November following a General Meeting held on 8 November. As part of the merger, the Company has been renamed Foresight Ventures VCT plc, and TV2 has been placed into members’ voluntary liquidation. I am also pleased to welcome Andrew Mackintosh, previously a director of TV2, who has now been appointed to the Board of the Company following completion of the merger.

The Company’s Net Asset Value (“NAV”) per share has been reset to 100.0p and the merger has resulted in an enlarged company with net assets of £110 million. The Board believes this will bring a number of benefits to the Company, such as greater scale to raise and deploy capital into new and existing portfolio companies, as well as improved liquidity for dividends and buybacks.

On 15 November, the Company launched an offer for subscription to raise £5 million (with an over-allotment facility of a further £5 million). The promoter’s fee will be waived for applications made by existing shareholders of any Foresight VCT. New investors, who do not benefit as existing investors but who make an application by 20 December 2024, will, however, benefit from the offer costs being reduced by 1.0% of the amount subscribed.

Net Asset Value and dividends
As at 30 September 2024, the Company’s NAV per share stood at 42.1p, a decrease of 4.0p (or 8.7%) over the period. After adding back the dividend paid in the period of 1.1p per share, the decrease was 6.3%.

The Company’s policy is to seek to pay annual dividends of at least 4% of net assets per annum. During the period, on 26 July 2024, the Company paid an interim dividend of 1.1p, taking total dividends paid in respect of the year ended 31 March 2024 up to 2.1p per share, equivalent to 4.1% of the opening net assets of the previous financial year. This took the total dividends paid since the merger with Downing Absolute Income VCT 1 plc, Downing Absolute Income VCT 2 plc, Downing Income VCT plc, Downing Income VCT 3 plc and Downing Income VCT 4 plc in November 2013 to 47.6p per share.

The Company offers its Shareholders the opportunity to participate in a Dividend Reinvestment Scheme, whereby they may elect to receive shares, credited as fully paid, instead of receiving dividends in cash. If you wish to participate, please contact the registrar, City Partnership, at the details provided on page 30 of the Unaudited Half-Yearly Financial Report.

Investment performance and portfolio activity
A detailed analysis of the investment portfolio performance over the period is given in the Investment Adviser’s Review.

In brief, during the six months under review, the whole portfolio showed investment valuation losses of £9.4 million. Despite this disappointing overall performance, there were some highlights; a total of £2.9 million of proceeds were received from the sale of Data Centre Response Limited, as well as deferred consideration totalling £0.6 million, producing realised gains of £2.2 million. The Investment Adviser also completed two follow-on investments totalling £1.1 million.

Responsible investing
The Board notes the commitment of the Investment Adviser, Foresight Group, to being a “Responsible Investor”. Foresight places environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) criteria at the forefront of its business and investment activities in line with best practice and in order to enhance returns for their investors.

Further detail can be found on page 17 of the Unaudited Half-Yearly Financial Report.

Special administration of the Company’s custodian of quoted assets
As previously reported, since September 2020 the Company has used IBP Capital Markets Limited (“IBP”) as custodian for its quoted investments. Appointing a custodian is a requirement of the FCA, and IBP is an FCA authorised and regulated wholesale broker, providing custody services and access to equity and fixed income securities for non-retail clients (which includes the Company).

On 13 October 2023, the FCA published a supervisory notice under section 55L(3)(a) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, imposing certain restrictions on IBP. On the same date, IBP applied to the High Court and special administrators were appointed.

As noted in the Annual Report, on 19 July 2024, around 80% of the quoted investment portfolio was returned to the Company, meaning normal management and trading of these positions was resumed. The remaining 20% will be returned following the conclusion of court proceedings, the timing of which is currently anticipated to take place in the second half of 2025, unless additional claims are submitted or the outcome of the court proceedings in terms of a final distribution is any different. The Company will communicate with Shareholders if there is any new information which materially impacts the numbers presented in this report.

Share buybacks
The Company continues to operate a policy of buying in its own shares that become available in the market at a 5% discount to NAV (subject to liquidity and regulatory restrictions). Subsequent to the merger, the Board intends to reduce this target discount to 2.5% in future.

During the period the Company purchased 5,522,581 shares for cancellation at an average discount of 5.0%, which represented 3.1% of shares in issue at the date of the last Annual Report.

Share buybacks are timed to avoid the Company’s closed periods. Buybacks will generally take place, subject to demand, during the following times of the year:

August, after the Annual Report has been published
September, prior to the Half-Yearly reporting date of 30 September
January, after the Half-Yearly Report has been published
March, prior to the end of the financial year

The Company retains Panmure Liberum as its corporate broker to assist in operating the share buyback process and ensuring that the quoted spread on the Company’s shares remains at a reasonable level. Contact details for Panmure Liberum are on page 30 of the Unaudited Half-Yearly Financial Report.

Management charges and performance incentive
The annual management fee is an amount equal to 2.0% of net assets. There is no change to the management fee or secretarial fee post-merger. From 1 October 2024, the Investment Adviser took over responsibility for management of the Quoted Growth portfolio from Downing LLP. The team at Downing LLP continues to advise the Company on the Yield Focused portfolio under a subcontract agreement with Foresight Group LLP.

A new performance incentive scheme was formally approved by Shareholders as part of the merger on 15 November 2024. This scheme, in brief, means a performance fee would be payable to the Investment Adviser at the end of each performance period, subject to a total return hurdle. The fee would be equal to the lesser of: (i) 20% of distributions attributable to the relevant performance period; or (ii) 20% of the increase in the total return which is higher than the hurdle. The Board believes this new scheme will provide additional motivation for the Investment Adviser to drive enhanced shareholder value.

Board composition
As noted in the Annual Report, Chris Kay resigned as a Director of the Company on 6 June 2024. Post period end, Andrew Mackintosh has joined the Board from TV2 subsequent to the merger. Andrew is chair of UKI2S, a government-backed venture capital fund supporting companies from the UK’s scientific research base. He is a Fellow of the Royal Academy of Engineering and was awarded a CBE in the 2024 New Year Honours for services to Science and Technology, and to Enterprise Development, and we are delighted to have him on board.

The Board now comprises four Non-Executive Directors, which the Board considers to be an appropriate number for the current size of the VCT. All of the Directors are independent of the Investment Adviser, with the exception of Chris Allner who is considered non-independent by virtue of being a partner at Downing LLP, the previous investment adviser to the Company, which still provides some services to our new Investment Adviser.

VCT sunset clause
I am pleased to report that new regulations have been made to extend the UK’s VCT scheme by ten years to April 2035, following the European Commission’s confirmation that they would not oppose the continuation of the scheme. This now removes any recent uncertainty and will help support further investment by the VCT sector in early-stage companies.

Outlook
At the date of the merger the Company’s NAV per share had increased to 42.6p, as a result of valuation uplifts in the Quoted Growth portfolio, as well as favourable exchange rates on our US investments. With an offer for subscription now out to raise further funds, in addition to the cash boost on acquiring the assets of TV2, and a refreshed performance incentive scheme to greater motivate the Investment Adviser, we look forward to seeing an increase in deployment to enhance the portfolio and returns to Shareholders. Whilst the macroeconomic environment has been challenging for the last two years, the Investment Adviser is cautiously optimistic that 2025 will provide more positive conditions for our portfolio companies. The downward trajectory of inflation and interest rates should lead to increasing confidence and encourage investors to return to the market.

Atul Devani
Chair

20 December 2024

INVESTMENT ADVISER’S REVIEW

“We present our Investment Adviser’s Review for the six‑month period ended 30 September 2024.”

Unquoted Growth
Portfolio summary
At 30 September 2024, the Company held total unquoted investments of £44.4 million, split £34.5 million Unquoted Growth and £9.9 million Unquoted Yield Focused. Details of the Unquoted Yield Focused portfolio performance are set out on page 8 of the Unaudited Half-Yearly Financial Report.

The Unquoted Growth portfolio comprises 29 companies, across a range of sectors. Following a challenging period for the year ended 31 March 2024, with the portfolio unfavourably impacted by the downturn of the UK economy, the six months ended 30 September 2024 has been similarly disappointing, resulting in an overall unrealised investment valuation loss of £2.2 million in the portfolio.

Investment activity
There were no new investments made during the period ended 30 September 2024. The Company made follow-on investments in two Unquoted Growth companies during the period, totalling £1.1 million:

FundingXchange Limited (£750,000), a fintech platform delivering SME lenders insights into their portfolios. This investment was made concurrently with a £5.0 million investment from Barclays as part of a £6.0 million round. This transformational investment will allow the company to build on early commercial success and deepen the strategic and commercial relationship with Barclays.

Rated People Limited (£375,000), an online marketplace connecting homeowners and local tradespeople. This investment allows the strengthened management team to implement the necessary product and operational changes to enable a return to growth and a cash-generative business model.

There was one realisation during the period ended 30 September 2024:

DSTBTD Limited (trading as Distributed) was sold for £1 to ILX Group. No proceeds were returned to the Company, which was a disappointing result for the team, but a favourable outcome to an administration process, which was a real possibility after a proposed funding failed to come together.

Key portfolio developments
There were some material write downs in the Unquoted Growth portfolio during the period, and some companies have continued to struggle in the challenging macroeconomic environment. However, there have also been some positive movements in valuation. This has resulted in a net total realised and unrealised investment valuation loss of £3.0 million in the period, including £0.7 million in unrealised foreign exchange losses.

Of the total investment loss, total losses of £6.5 million were offset by gains of £3.5 million. The most significant movements are noted below.

The largest gain in value was in Ayar Labs, Inc, a silicon photonic chiplet developer used in next-generation AI data centers of the major hyperscalers and cloud-service providers. The valuation increased by £1.9 million, including foreign exchange losses, as a result of a new funding round.

Other unrealised valuation gains included:

Rated People Limited, an online marketplace connecting homeowners and local tradespeople, increased in value by £596,000. This was due to a follow-on funding round enhancing the Company’s share of proceeds on any liquidity event. It is also worth noting that the company is now trading profitably and under new leadership.

Carbice Corporation, Inc has developed a suite of products based on its carbon material, used primarily as thermal management solutions to enable greater thermal conductivity. The valuation increased by £401,000, including foreign exchange losses, as a result of the recent closure of a funding round that increases the prospect of growth and, ultimately, a positive realisation for investors.

Four other companies in the Unquoted Growth portfolio made up investment valuation gains of £603,000.

There were also a number of valuation losses reported in the period. The greatest loss was in Cambridge Touch Technologies Ltd, a company developing pressure sensitive multi-touch technology, which reduced in value by £1.9 million as a result of a challenging funding environment for deep tech companies. As noted above, DSTBTD Limited (trading as Distributed) was sold for £1 to ILX Group during the period. No proceeds were returned to the Company, resulting in a realised loss of £775,000.

Other investment valuation losses included:

Vivacity Labs Limited, a provider of Artificial Intelligence sensors to monitor and control traffic flows, was written down to nil value in the period, a decrease in value of £960,000, following a new funding round. The investment round (that we chose not to participate in) generated penal terms for shareholders not participating in the funding round and resulted in the write down.

Masters of Pie Limited, developer of “Radical”, a software solution that enables remote sharing and collaboration on large data sets, was reduced by £700,000 as a result of a challenging period for the company from a trading perspective. It is hoped that this situation will improve in Q4 2024, albeit the position remains challenging.

Virtual Class Ltd (trading as Third Space Learning), a platform offering personalised online lessons from specialist tutors, decreased in carrying value by £466,000, driven by significant budgetary pressure experienced by UK schools, a key customer group. It is hoped that early international sales (in the US) will somewhat offset challenges in the UK market.

Parsable, Inc., a provider of software to improve operational efficiencies in the industrial and manufacturing sectors, has seen a valuation decrease of £460,000, including foreign exchange losses. During the period, an offer to acquire Parsable was received that, whilst at a valuation lower than we expected, was accepted by the Board, and the valuation has been aligned with anticipated proceeds.

Bulbshare Limited, a company that enables brands to build communities from their existing customers to gather consumer insights, was exited post period end. The valuation was reduced by £371,000 in line with the exit proceeds received.

Trinny London Limited, a multi-channel female beauty and skincare brand, was reduced in value by £354,000 due to a decline in comparable market valuation multiples. Despite this, the business increased revenue during the period and remains profitable.

CommerceIQ, Inc., the pioneer in helping brands win on retail e-commerce channels, decreased by £221,000 in the period, including foreign exchange losses. Whilst CommerceIQ’s revenues increased during the period, market valuations for similar businesses declined and, consequently, the valuation fall is a reflection of wider market conditions.

Four other companies in the Unquoted Growth portfolio made up valuation losses of £340,000. Aside from Vivacity Labs Limited, no other investments were written down to nil during the period.

Post period end activity
After the period end, the Company completed two new investments totalling £1.6 million into Dragonfly Technology Solutions Ltd (£600,000), a predictive analytics business, and Alison Technologies Ltd (£978,000), a developer of an innovative AI marketing insights tool. The Company also completed two follow-on investments totalling £1.1 million into Maestro Media Limited (£750,000) and Virtual Class Ltd (£300,000). The Company received £1.1 million in proceeds from the exit of Bulbshare Limited in October.

At the date of the merger, the Unquoted Growth portfolio had seen positive foreign exchange movements totalling £421,000.

Outlook
Whilst the macroeconomic environment has been challenging for the last two years, we are cautiously optimistic that 2025 will provide more positive conditions for our portfolio companies. The downward trajectory of inflation and interest rates should lead to increasing confidence and encourage investors to return to the market. From an exit perspective, the IPO market is unlikely to open up in the short term, but we are seeing signs that PE and trade buyers will be more active in 2025, offering potential liquidity opportunities for portfolio companies.

In addition to the anticipated improved macro environment, we believe the merger with Thames Ventures VCT 2 plc has created a company well placed for success, with a very clear investment mandate (exclusively investing in private technology businesses) and benefiting from more streamlined company reporting and administration.

Foresight Group LLP
20 December 2024

Yield Focused portfolio
Downing LLP continues to advise the Company on the Unquoted Yield Focused portfolio under a subcontract from Foresight Group LLP.

Downing presents a review of the Yield Focused portfolio for the six months ended 30 September 2024. At the period end, the Yield Focused portfolio consisted of seven active investments, all of which are unquoted, with a total value of £9.9 million.

Divestment activity
During the period, the focus was on investment realisations from the Yield Focused portfolio, which resulted in proceeds of £2.9 million from the exit of Data Centre Response Limited, a provider of power solutions and maintenance services to data centres. There were no new or follow-on investments.

Realisations in the period ended 30 September 2024

		Total	Cost at date	Exit	Total
		invested	of disposal	proceeds	return
Company	Detail	(£)	(£)	(£)	(£)
Data Centre Response Limited	Full disposal	557,441	557,441	2,916,694	2,916,694

Key portfolio developments
The Yield Focused portfolio reduced in value by £113,000 during the period, with one company, Data Centre Response Limited, recognising a gain of £494,000 on exit, as noted above, and four companies recognising unrealised losses of £607,000:

Pilgrim Trading Limited, an operator and owner of two children’s nurseries in West London, decreased in value by £437,000 after two periods of unsuccessful marketing proved the last independent valuation of the business to be unachievable in current market conditions. Consequently, the independent valuation has now been heavily discounted.

Kimbolton Lodge Limited, a nursing and care home in Bedfordshire, decreased in value by £67,000 to bring the valuation in line with the anticipated proceeds from a sale process that is currently underway.

Doneloans Limited, which holds a portfolio of secured loans, decreased in value by £67,000 driven by the cost of its own funding marginally exceeding interest receivable from its borrowers.

SF Renewables (Solar) Limited, which built and operates a solar plant in India, was reduced by £36,000 in line with the exit proceeds received post period end.

Outlook
With one exit during the period and another shortly after period end, there were six investments remaining in the Yield Focused portfolio at the time of writing. Downing is actively seeking to progress exits from both Kimbolton Lodge and Pilgrim Trading, though the latter is currently looking less likely to materialise. Given current market conditions, sales of the higher value, hotel-related investments, Baron House Developments and Cadbury House Holdings, are expected to take some time to complete. The recovery of value from Doneloans is linked largely to the sale of Pilgrim Trading, which is the lender’s largest loan, but additional recoveries are anticipated from other borrowers over the next 12 months.

Downing LLP and Foresight Group LLP
20 December 2024

Quoted Growth portfolio
For the six months to 30 September 2024, Downing LLP continued to advise the Company on the Quoted Growth portfolio under a subcontract from Foresight Group LLP. From 1 October 2024, Foresight Group LLP took on full responsibility for management of the Quoted Growth portfolio.

Investment activity
Markets continued to be volatile through the reporting period. The impending Budget dominated market behaviours, particularly the FTSE AIM Index, where fears over an abolition of IHT reliefs on AIM shares adversely affected the market. In the end, this fear was overcooked, and the FTSE AIM All Share rallied 4% on the day of the Budget, as it was announced that reliefs on AIM shares would remain, albeit at half the relief previously enjoyed. Since the Budget, the new concern has been focused on the impact of National Insurance increases, which have weighed heavily on UK Small and Mid-Cap companies. There is a general acceptance that inflation will still be a looming threat and hence interest rates will remain higher for longer.

There were no investments or realisations made during the six months to 30 September 2024.

Key portfolio developments
At 30 September 2024, the Quoted Growth portfolio was valued at £13.4 million, comprising 36 active investments. Over the six-month period, the portfolio produced net valuation losses of £4.7 million, offset by £3.8 million received in dividends from the portfolio. Two companies, valued at £78,000 at year end, have been written down to nil during the period.

The most significant loss was incurred in Tracsis plc, a provider of transport technology, which saw valuation losses of £2.4 million during the period due to a profit warning, citing delays on rail infrastructure spend incurred due to the early election. This was exacerbated by contract delays in their US business.

This was offset by valuation gains elsewhere in the portfolio, where Anpario plc, a specialist manufacturer and distributor of natural sustainable feed additives for animal health, nutrition and biosecurity, increased by £680,000 net of £46,000 dividends received, reflecting an improvement in trading post supply chain issues experienced during the inflationary period post covid.

A net gain of £615,000 was made in Downing Strategic Micro‑Cap Investment Trust plc, where special dividends of £3.7 million were made during the period, as part of the managed wind-down of the Trust. Since the period end, a further special dividend of 2.2p, equating to £133,000, has been received by the Company.

Meanwhile Cohort plc, the parent company of six businesses providing a wide range of services and products for British, Portuguese and other international customers in defence and security markets, booked an unrealised gain of £558,000. This mirrored profit upgrades, contract renewals and strong financial results. This momentum has continued post period end.

As at 17 December 2024, the valuation of the Quoted Growth portfolio had decreased by £226,000 (-1.7%).

IBP Capital Markets Limited
As noted in the Annual Report, the Company recovered c.80% of its total Quoted Growth portfolio on 19 July 2024, with the remaining c.20% to be recovered following court proceedings, currently anticipated to take place in the second half of 2025. Up until July, the ability to trade the portfolio continued to be restricted and hence there has been limited ability to manage exposures within the portfolio. The Company is now able to trade its positions, having been unable to do so since October 2023.

Post-period end activity
Post period end, ahead of the Budget, shares were sold in 14 of the Company’s Quoted Growth portfolio holdings. Notably, holdings in Anpario plc and Craneware plc were reduced, as well as in Impact Healthcare REIT plc, a non-qualifying holding. As previously communicated to Shareholders, the strategy going forward is to realise the Quoted Growth portfolio over time, which will free up funds to be redeployed into Unquoted Growth holdings.

Outlook
A number of the Quoted Growth companies in the portfolio have been consistently overoptimistic about hitting milestones for product development, revenues and ultimately profits. Given competition for capital amongst the wider portfolio of venture capital holdings, Foresight took the difficult decision to reduce a number of these positions. Achieving a total sale of individual holdings has not been possible, given that 20% of the Company’s Quoted Growth assets are still tied up in the custodian IBP Capital Markets Limited (“IBP”), which remains in special measures. While this is frustrating, as it does not allow portfolio management to be conducted across the entire portfolio should changes need to be made, we are able to make them to substantially all of the holdings.

The Quoted Growth holdings have reduced as a percentage of the Company’s total assets, but we firmly believe that by making these changes we have increased the overall quality and see an encouraging future, despite an uncertain macroeconomic background.

Downing LLP and Foresight Group LLP
20 December 2024

UNAUDITED HALF-YEARLY RESULTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENTS

Principal risks and uncertainties
The principal risks faced by the Company are as follows:

Investment performance
Regulatory
Operational
Economic, political and other external factors

The Board reported on the principal and emerging risks and uncertainties faced by the Company in the Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31 March 2024. A detailed explanation can be found on pages 26 to 28 of the Annual Report and Accounts, which is available on the Investment Adviser’s website www.foresightgroup.eu/products/foresight-ventures-vct-plc or by writing to Foresight Group at The Shard, 32 London Bridge Street, London SE1 9SG.

In the view of the Board, there have been no changes to the fundamental nature of these risks since the previous report and these principal risks and uncertainties are equally applicable to the remaining six months of the financial year as they were to the six months under review.

Directors’ responsibility statement
The Disclosure and Transparency Rules (“DTR”) of the UK Listing Authority require the Directors to confirm their responsibilities in relation to the preparation and publication of the Half-Yearly Financial Report.

The Directors confirm to the best of their knowledge that:

   a)   The summarised set of financial statements has been prepared in accordance with FRS 104
   b)   The interim management report includes a fair review of the information required by DTR 4.2.7R (indication of important events during the first six months and description of principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the year)
   c)   The summarised set of financial statements gives a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the Company as required by DTR 4.2.4R
   d)   The interim management report includes a fair review of the information required by DTR 4.2.8R (disclosure of related parties’ transactions and changes therein)

Going concern
The Company’s business activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future development, performance and position, are set out in the Strategic Report of the Annual Report. The financial position of the Company, its cash flows, liquidity position and borrowing facilities are described in the Chair’s Statement, Strategic Report and Notes to the Accounts of the 31 March 2024 Annual Report. In addition, the Annual Report includes the Company’s objectives, policies and processes for managing its capital; its financial risk management objectives; details of its financial instruments; and its exposures to credit risk and liquidity risk.

The Company has adequate financial resources at the period end and holds a diversified portfolio of investments. As a consequence, the Directors believe that the Company is well placed to manage its business risks successfully.

The Directors have reasonable expectation that the Company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus they continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the half-yearly financial statements.

The Half-Yearly Financial Report has not been audited nor reviewed by the auditors.

On behalf of the Board

Atul Devani
Chair

20 December 2024

UNAUDITED INCOME STATEMENT
For the six months ended 30 September 2024

	Six months ended 30 September 2024 (Unaudited)			Six months ended 30 September 2023 (Unaudited)			Year ended 31 March 2024 (Audited)


	Revenue	Capital	Total	Revenue	Capital	Total	Revenue	Capital	Total
	£’000	£’000	£’000	£’000	£’000	£’000	£’000	£’000	£’000
Realised gains/(losses) on investments	—	2,202	2,202	—	(5,203)	(5,203)	—	(8,015)	(8,015)
Investment holding (losses)/gains	—	(10,311)	(10,311)	—	1,028	1,028	—	3,465	3,465
Income	4,187	—	4,187	1,065	—	1,065	906	—	906
Investment management fees	(404)	(404)	(808)	(449)	(449)	(898)	(863)	(863)	(1,726)
Other expenses	(482)	—	(482)	(376)	—	(376)	(1,346)	—	(1,346)
Return/(loss) on ordinary activities before taxation	3,301	(8,513)	(5,212)	240	(4,624)	(4,384)	(1,303)	(5,413)	(6,716)
Taxation	—	—	—	(24)	24	—	—	—	—
Return/(loss) on ordinary activities after taxation	3,301	(8,513)	(5,212)	216	(4,600)	(4,384)	(1,303)	(5,413)	(6,716)
Return/(loss) per share	1.9p	(4.8)p	(2.9)p	0.1p	(2.5)p	(2.4)p	(0.7)p	(3.1)p	(3.8)p

The total columns of this statement are the profit and loss account of the Company and the revenue and capital columns represent supplementary information.

All revenue and capital items in the above Income Statement are derived from continuing operations. No operations were acquired or discontinued in the period.

The Company has no recognised gains or losses other than those shown above, therefore no separate statement of total recognised gains and losses has been presented.

The Company has only one class of business and one reportable segment, the results of which are set out in the Income Statement and Balance Sheet.

There are no potentially dilutive capital instruments in issue and, therefore, no diluted earnings per share figures are relevant. The basic and diluted earnings per share are, therefore, identical.

UNAUDITED RECONCILIATION OF MOVEMENTS IN SHAREHOLDERS’ FUNDS
For the six months ended 30 September 2024

	Called-up	Share premium	Capital redemption	Special	Capital	Revaluation	Revenue
	share capital	account	reserve	reserve	reserve	reserve	reserve	Total
	£’000	£’000	£’000	£’000	£’000	£’000	£’000	£’000
As at 1 April 2024	1,775	2,522	71	86,901	(10,791)	6,057	(4,619)	81,916
Share issues in the period	7	301	—	—	—	—	—	308
Expenses in relation to share issues	—	(46)	—	—	—	—	—	(46)
Repurchase of shares	(55)	—	55	(2,340)	—	—	—	(2,340)
Realised gains on disposal of investments	—	—	—	—	2,202	—	—	2,202
Investment holding losses	—	—	—	—	—	(10,311)	—	(10,311)
Dividends paid	—	—	—	—	(1,953)	—	—	(1,953)
Management fees charged to capital	—	—	—	—	(404)	—	—	(404)
Revenue return before taxation for the period	—	—	—	—	—	—	3,301	3,301
Taxation for the period	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—
As at 30 September 2024	1,727	2,777	126	84,561	(10,946)	(4,254)	(1,318)	72,673

Distributable reserves at 30 September 2024 total £51,490,000 (31 March 2024: £58,151,000).

UNAUDITED BALANCE SHEET
As at 30 September 2024

Registered number: 03150868

	As at	As at	As at
	30 September	30 September	31 March
	2024	2023	2024
	(Unaudited)	(Unaudited)	(Audited)
	£’000	£’000	£’000
Fixed assets
Investments held at fair value through profit or loss	57,746	65,871	67,393
Current assets
Debtors	8,467	7,393	7,570
Cash and cash equivalents	7,097	13,580	7,559
Total current assets	15,564	20,973	15,129
Creditors
Amounts falling due within one year	(637)	(1,077)	(606)
Net current assets	14,927	19,896	14,523
Net assets	72,673	85,767	81,916
Capital and reserves
Called-up share capital	1,727	1,770	1,775
Share premium account	2,777	2,252	2,522
Capital redemption reserve	126	71	71
Special reserve	84,561	85,122	86,901
Capital reserve	(10,946)	(5,627)	(10,791)
Revaluation reserve	(4,254)	3,619	6,057
Revenue reserve	(1,318)	(1,440)	(4,619)
Equity shareholders’ funds	72,673	85,767	81,916
Net Asset Value per share	42.1p	48.5p	46.1p

UNAUDITED CASH FLOW STATEMENT
For the six months ended 30 September 2024

	Six months ended	Six months ended	Year ended
	30 September	30 September	31 March
	2024	2023	2024
	(Unaudited)	(Unaudited)	(Audited)
	£’000	£’000	£’000
Cash flow from operating activities
Loss on ordinary activities after taxation	(5,212)	(4,384)	(6,716)
Loss on investments	8,109	4,175	4,550
Increase in debtors	(1,768)	(891)	(1,134)
Increase in creditors	59	82	304
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from operating activities	1,188	(1,018)	(2,996)
Cash flow from investing activities
Purchase of investments	(1,125)	(2,209)	(4,394)
Net proceeds on sale of investments	2,917	3,295	3,433
Net proceeds on deferred consideration	543	419	637
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from investing activities	2,335	1,505	(324)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds of fundraising	—	1,586	1,585
Expenses of fundraising	—	(7)	(7)
Repurchase of own shares	(2,340)	(2,270)	(2,964)
Equity dividends paid	(1,645)	(1,498)	(3,017)
Net cash outflow from financing activities	(3,985)	(2,189)	(4,403)
Net outflow of cash in the period	(462)	(1,702)	(7,723)
Reconciliation of net cash flow to movement in net funds
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents for the period	(462)	(1,702)	(7,723)
Net cash and cash equivalents at start of period	7,559	15,282	15,282
Net cash and cash equivalents at end of period	7,097	13,580	7,559

Analysis of changes in net debt

	As at 1 April 2024 £’000	Cash flow £’000	At 30 September 2024 £’000


Cash and cash equivalents	7,559	(462)	7,097

NOTES TO THE UNAUDITED HALF-YEARLY RESULTS
For the six months ended 30 September 2024

1
The Unaudited Half-Yearly Financial Report has been prepared on the basis of the accounting policies set out in the statutory accounts of the Company for the year ended 31 March 2024. Unquoted investments have been valued in accordance with IPEV Valuation Guidelines.

2
These are not statutory accounts in accordance with s436 of the Companies Act 2006 and the financial information for the six months ended 30 September 2024 and 30 September 2023 has been neither audited nor formally reviewed. Statutory accounts in respect of the year ended 31 March 2024 have been audited and reported on by the Company’s auditor and delivered to the Registrar of Companies and included the report of the auditor which was unqualified and did not contain a statement under s498(2) or s498(3) of the Companies Act 2006. No statutory accounts in respect of any period after 31 March 2024 have been reported on by the Company’s auditor or delivered to the Registrar of Companies.

3
Copies of the Unaudited Half-Yearly Financial Report will be sent to Shareholders via their chosen method and will be available for inspection at the Registered Office of the Company at The Shard, 32 London Bridge Street, London SE1 9SG.

4 Net Asset Value per share
The Net Asset Value per share is based on net assets at the end of the period and on the number of shares in issue at the date.

		Number of shares
	Net assets	in issue
30 September 2024	£72,673,000	172,715,260
30 September 2023	£85,767,000	176,968,887
31 March 2024	£81,916,000	177,546,529

5 Return per share
The weighted average number of shares used to calculate the respective returns are shown in the table below.

	Number of shares
Six months ended 30 September 2024	176,320,908
Six months ended 30 September 2023	179,310,912
Year ended 31 March 2024	178,234,061

Earnings for the period should not be taken as a guide to the results for the full year.

6 Income

	Six months ended	Six months ended	Year ended
	30 September	30 September	31 March
	2024	2023	2024
	£’000	£’000	£’000
Income from investments
Loan stock interest	240	920	424
Dividend income	3,827	145	415
	4,067	1,065	839
Other income	120	—	67
	4,187	1,065	906

7 Investments held at fair value through profit or loss

	Unquoted Growth investments £’000	Unquoted Yield Focused investments £’000	Quoted Growth investments £’000	Total £’000



Book cost at 1 April 2024	39,760	13,651	23,241	76,652
Investment holding losses at 1 April 2024	(3,374)	(751)	(5,134)	(9,259)
Valuation at 1 April 2024	36,386	12,900	18,107	67,393
Movements in the period:
Purchases	1,125	—	—	1,125
Disposal proceeds	—	(2,917)	—	(2,917)
Realised (losses)/gains on disposals¹	(775)	2,360	—	1,585
Foreign exchange losses	(669)	—	—	(669)
Investment holding losses²	(1,554)	(2,473)	(4,744)	(8,771)
Valuation at 30 September 2024	34,513	9,870	13,363	57,746
Book cost at 30 September 2024	40,110	13,094	23,241	76,445
Investment holding losses at 30 September 2024	(5,597)	(3,224)	(9,878)	(18,699)
Valuation at 30 September 2024	34,513	9,870	13,363	57,746

Realised gains on investments in the Income Statement include realised gains relating to deferred consideration receipts totalling £617,000 from StorageOS Inc (£419,000), Efundamentals Group Limited (£96,000), Firefly Learning Limited (£74,000), DIA Imaging Analysis Limited (£14,000) and Imagen Limited (£14,000).
Investment holding losses in the Income Statement include unrealised losses which are a result of the deferred consideration debtor decrease of £871,000. The debtor movement reflects the recognition of amounts receivable in respect of DIA Imaging Analysis Limited (£45,000) and Firefly Learning Limited (£8,000), offset by receipts in respect of StorageOS Inc (£419,000), Efundamentals Group Limited (£96,000), Firefly Learning Limited (£74,000), Imagen Limited (£14,000) and DIA Imaging Analysis Limited (£14,000). Amounts were previously recognised as receivable but written down at 30 September 2024 in respect of Efundamentals Group Limited (£295,000), JRNI Limited (£8,000) and Imagen Limited (£4,000).

8 Contingencies, guarantees and financial commitments
As outlined in note 17 to the Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31 March 2024, the Company has used IBP Capital Markets Limited (“IBP”) as custodian for its quoted investments since September 2020. Appointing a custodian is a requirement of the FCA; IBP is an FCA authorised and regulated wholesale broker, providing custody services and access to equity and fixed income securities for non-retail clients (which includes the Company). On 13 October 2023, the FCA published a supervisory notice under section 55L(3)(a) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000, imposing certain restrictions on IBP. On the same date, IBP applied to the High Court and special administrators were appointed.

During the period since, the Investment Adviser has been actively collaborating with the special administrators to reach a resolution, which has involved reconciling quoted stocks held with IBP (“Custody Assets”) and cash held with IBP (“Client Money”). As at 13 October 2023, the Company held Client Money of £1.1 million (1.2% of indicative NAV on the same date), and Custody Assets of £16.9 million (19.5% of indicative NAV on the same date).

With regard to Custody Assets, whilst the final outcome remains subject to change, particularly as additional claims may be made, there have so far been two differences of value identified, together totalling a variance of £0.28 million, which was provided for at 31 March 2024. It was announced on 17 May 2024 that the special administrators would be making an interim distribution of 80% of eligible Custody Assets, and the transfer of these to the new custodian completed on 19 July 2024. The Company is now able to trade these assets on the quoted market. The remaining 20% withheld will be distributed as part of a Final Court Approved Distribution Plan, unless additional claims are made resulting in a break.

With regard to Client Money, a progress report was released on 12 April 2024 which identified a potential 44% cash shortfall equating to £0.46 million of Client Money held by the Company which was provided for at 31 March 2024. Any further deduction for fees relating to the special administration process is unknown at this point, but from the information available these are anticipated to be in the region of £0.14 million payable by the Company. These fees were accrued for as at 31 March 2024 and there has been no further adjustment to this estimate. The total potential exposure based on information available to date is therefore currently estimated to be £0.88 million, representing 1.2% of NAV at 30 September 2024.

As noted, the outcome remains subject to change with the final distribution plan being shared following the court proceedings. Timing of this is currently anticipated to take place in the second half of 2025. The Company will communicate with Shareholders if there is any new information which materially impacts the numbers presented in this report.

9 Related party transactions
No Director has an interest in any contract to which the Company is a party other than their appointment and payment as Directors.

10 Transactions with the Investment Adviser
Details of arrangements with Foresight Group LLP are given in the Annual Report and Accounts for the year ended 31 March 2024, in the Directors’ Report and notes 4 and 5. All arrangements and transactions were on an arm’s length basis.

Foresight Group LLP was appointed as Investment Adviser on 4 July 2022 and earned fees of £808,000 during the period to 30 September 2024 (30 September 2023: £898,000; 31 March 2024: £1,726,000).

Foresight Group LLP is the Company Secretary (appointed on 1 September 2023) and received, for accounting and company secretarial services, fees of £75,000 during the period to 30 September 2024 (30 September 2023: £80,000; 31 March 2024: £156,000).

At the balance sheet date there was £nil due to Foresight Group LLP (30 September 2023: £nil; 31 March 2024: £nil).

11 Post-balance sheet events
On 5 November 2024, the Company purchased for cancellation 2,197,967 ordinary shares of 1p at a gross price of 42.37p per share.

On 15 November 2024, the Company merged with Thames Ventures VCT 2 plc (“TV2”). A total of 86,637,164 shares in the Company were issued to TV2 shareholders at the price of 42.629237024071200p per share. Following this allotment, the Company redesignated 147,531,473 of its issued ordinary shares as deferred shares, which were immediately repurchased and cancelled in order to re-base the NAV per share of each of ordinary share to 100.0p.

A copy of the Unaudited Half-Yearly Financial Report will be submitted to the National Storage Mechanism in accordance with UK Listing Rules (“UKLR”)11.4.1 / UKLR 6.4.1 and UKLR 6.4.3.

END

For further information, please contact:

Company Secretary
Foresight Group LLP
Contact: Stephen Thayer Tel: 0203 667 8100

Investor Relations
Foresight Group LLP
Contact: Andrew James Tel: 0203 667 8181

The MIL Network –

January 27, 2025

MIL-OSI USA: Banding Together: The significance of waterfowl bands to hunters and scientists alike

Source: US Geological Survey

Tyler Coleman holds two harvested ducks that have been banded. Coleman wears a necklace of bands he’s collected over the years.

Each Band is a Memory and a Story

For lifelong waterfowl hunter Tyler Coleman, bird bands hold a special fascination. “Bands can be a prize, but equally divisive,” said Coleman. “Bands have a purpose, and when you try to understand the science of waterfowl, you can better understand that banding plays an important role in their conservation.”

Tyler grew up in Lebanon, PA, and graduated from Penn State with an Agricultural Science degree. After college, he worked in a local taxidermy studio before starting his own business that specializes in waterfowl taxidermy with a small retail front geared toward duck and goose hunters.

Tyler describes the raw emotion of flipping over a bird, or watching his dog return with a banded bird, as being hard to beat. He knows that many hunters look at bands as prizes or tokens from a hunt. But for Tyler, each band tells a story. “I can look at my lanyard, point to any duck band, and recall the amazing details of that particular hunt,” said Coleman. “It could have been a ‘dogs retrieve on a bird that was a goner,’ a memorable destination hunt, or just a fun hunt with friends and family. I love to look at a band as a memory and story that will outlive me in many regards.”

As a hunter, Tyler genuinely appreciates the banding data certificate he receives from a harvested banded bird. He views it as unique way of bringing the bird’s story full circle: from where it was first banded to where it traveled either locally or far and wide. “I don’t quite understand why hunters do not want to report bands; maybe there is a disconnect to the importance of reporting? Or no real incentive in reporting, unless you fully understand the importance and overall goal,” said Coleman. He believes there is an opportunity to teach more waterfowl hunters about the value and science behind bands so that reporting becomes almost second nature.

Over the years, Tyler has witnessed bird bands go from being a pleasant surprise on a hunt, to becoming the main purpose with hunters trying to target a band. He wonders if this shift takes away some authenticity from the purpose of the bands, or at the very foundation, somehow negatively affects the data being collected. “I have been blessed to have harvested many bands in my life. I love flipping a bird over, or snagging it from my Spaniels grin, and seeing their leg sporting something extra,” said Coleman. “Bands are a bonus and shouldn’t be the only purpose to hunt and by no means should be treated as a ‘status symbol’ in the waterfowl community.”

Preacher, Tyler Coleman’s Boykin spaniel, holds a harvested and banded bird in his mouth.

Every Report Matters

Reporting waterfowl bird bands in North America is crucial for tracking populations, understanding movements, and supporting conservation and management efforts by state, federal, private, and tribal entities. The data collected from these reports plays a vital role in monitoring habitat use, population dynamics, and disease trends—all factors that biologists use to make decisions on wildlife management issues. Additionally, encouraging band reporting fosters public involvement in conservation and informs policies that protect waterfowl and their habitats for future generations.

Even a single report can provide valuable insights. When waterfowl bands are reported to the U.S. Geological Survey Bird Banding Laboratory, researchers can link the banding data—including the bird’s age, sex, and the location where it was banded—to subsequent reports of that bird at different times and potentially different locations. These paired data points, accumulated across thousands of reports, enable researchers to uncover crucial information that supports wildlife conservation, scientific research and the effective management of bird populations.

For example, if a bird travels long distances during migration, reporting the band provides researchers with the opportunity to track its movement patterns, migratory routes, and seasonal behavior. This helps scientists understand how waterfowl use different habitats throughout their lifecycle, including their migration strategies and stopover locations.

Additionally, reporting where and when banded waterfowl are spotted or harvested allows researchers to estimate key population parameters, such as survival rates, and monitor changes in population numbers over time. This helps determine whether certain species are thriving or declining and provides insight into how environmental factors like habitat loss or climate change are affecting waterfowl populations.

A Rich History in Banding Ducks

For decades, banding waterfowl has been one of three core monitoring programs that underpin modern, scientific approaches to waterfowl management. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) Division of Migratory Bird Management is involved in both the collection and analysis of banding data. USFWS staff coordinates with banders from various state, federal, private, and tribal agencies in ongoing, annual banding efforts. For example, banding data play a critical role in developing harvest management plans for many goose populations, such as snow geese, and Canada geese across North America. Another example is the Western Canada Cooperative Waterfowl Banding Program which focuses on banding waterfowl throughout the Canadian prairies and Canadian boreal forest. During banding operations, crews capture waterfowl where they congregate to molt or stage prior to fall migration and apply uniquely numbered metal leg bands.

The banding efforts that take place in August are considered “preseason” banding in that they precede the hunting season. In estimating harvest rates, its advantageous that banding occurs just prior to migration and the hunting season so that little natural mortality occurs between the time birds are banded and hunting seasons begin. Not only does this information provide critical scientific data about the percentage of birds that are harvested, where those birds came from originally, and survival rates, but over the years, tens of thousands of birds have been banded, an incredibly impressive number of birds providing a robust data set for biologists. Find out more about the program and read the stories of banding crews in the field.

Some of Tyler Coleman’s banded, harvested birds.

Banded ducks may be recaptured in the future by biologists or get harvested by hunters, who then report these bands to the U.S. Geological Survey Bird Banding Laboratory (or Canada’s Bird Banding Office), which provides information about where the bird was banded, where it was recovered, and how long it lived.

This information helped biologists learn what migratory pathways ducks were taking and what habitats they use, which helped them ultimately create the administrative Flyway system. That same system is now what we use to manage those birds, prioritize conservation projects, and set regulations based on those migratory flyways. The Flyway system, established in the 1950s, has been instrumental in developing a strong working relationship between the Service and states. Originally focused solely on waterfowl habitat conservation, the Joint Ventures now provide the science and coordination to protect and restore habitat for all bird species in the United States. The effectiveness of these partnerships, and particularly the Flyway system, is best demonstrated by the fact that waterfowl are one of only two groups of birds (raptors being the other) that have increased in abundance since the 1970s.

Role of Banding Data in Harvest Management

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Migratory Bird Program biologists and their counterparts in the U.S. Geological Survey have led the way in developing models that utilize banding and recovery data to predict the impacts of harvest and other take, as well as develop an understanding of environmental factors that drive migratory bird populations.

When hunters harvest the banded birds and report the band number, waterfowl managers can use that information to estimate important population parameters such as survival rates and harvest rates. Banding recovery data are also important for assessing the if there are differences in the ages or between sexes of ducks of being hunted. This information is instrumental in the development of Adaptive Harvest Management and are used by biologists to set annual waterfowl hunting regulations.

The Federal Framework Regulations are the main foundation of annual regulations and consist of the boundary dates for opening and closing seasons, season length, daily bag and possession limits, and shooting hours. To ensure that hunting regulations are based on the best available and mostly timely scientific information, USFWS use data from annual monitoring programs to determine the birds’ status, and ultimately if hunting can be sustained. Specifically, the results of annual survey and monitoring programs including bird banding, waterfowl breeding population and habitat surveys, and harvest surveys, as the basis for establishing the annual federal frameworks.

Tyler Coleman holds two banded ducks.

Impact on Conservation and Management

The data collected through reported bands is essential for adjusting conservation and management strategies. For instance, it can guide decisions about habitat restoration, the establishment of protected areas, and wildlife protection programs. Reporting banded birds also helps researchers assess population health, survival rates, and reproductive success, which are essential for maintaining stable and sustainable waterfowl populations.

Importantly, reporting banded birds is crucial for ensuring sustainable hunting practices. For hunters, submitting band reports is a way to contribute to the conservation of waterfowl species. By tracking banded birds through harvest reports, wildlife agencies can better understand hunting’s impact on populations and adjust regulations—such as hunting seasons and bag limits—to prevent overharvesting and protect vulnerable species.

Overall, reporting banded waterfowl through the federal bird banding report website is a critical tool for informing conservation and management decisions. By knowing where and when banded birds are observed, wildlife agencies can prioritize conservation efforts and make informed decisions about habitat protection and species management, helping to safeguard waterfowl populations for future generations.

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: UConn Nursing Graduates its Largest BS/CEIN Nursing Class

Source: US State of Connecticut

Jorgensen Center for the Performing Arts was packed with family, friends, and supporters of this year’s largest BS/Certificate of Entry into Nursing (CEIN) graduating class on Tuesday, Dec. 17.

CEIN students go from having a bachelor’s degree in another field to becoming a licensed Registered Nurse (RN) in Connecticut in just one year. It is a rigorous accelerated program, (the longest-running one of its kind in the state), that provides a pathway for students of all ages and backgrounds to join the nursing profession.

Achieving this feat in such a compact time frame requires an enormous level of dedication, especially for students who are returning to higher education after a gap period, caretaking, or working – sometimes all three.

The program is offered in Storrs as well as at three of UConn’s regional campuses – Stamford, Waterbury, and Avery Point – and runs from January to December.

Class of 2024 BS/CEIN graduates enjoying some sun before heading onto stage

This cohort was the 22nd accelerated nursing class to graduate from the School of Nursing. In keeping with tradition, the ceremony began with a greeting from Del Siegle, Ph.D., MS, BS, University Marshal who serves as the Lynn and Ray Neag Endowed Chair for Talent Development.

The School of Nursing’s Dean Victoria Vaughan Dickson, Ph.D., RN, FAHA, FAAN led the processional welcome and introduced this year’s commencement speaker Lucinda Canty, Ph.D., CNM, FACNM, FAAN, FADLN, recipient of the Excellence in Nursing Leadership Award.

We chose to be nurses. We chose to be the ones in scrubs, the ones at the bedside, the ones who care deeply and serve selflessly. – David Broughton, ’24 (NUR), CEIN Class President

This year’s Pellegrina (Peggy) Lacovella Stolfi Clinical Teaching Awards went to Melissa Rembish, MSN, RN-BC, (Health Assessment Instructor); Sherene Fagon, RN, MSN, C-EFM, (Population-based Course Instructor); and Lori-Anne Lowry, MSN, RN-CVBC, CNL, (Adult Care/Community Health Instructor).

CEIN’s class president, David Broughton, delivered a speech of encouragement and hope to his fellow graduates. “We’re ready not only because we’ve gained the knowledge and skills, but because we have the resilience, the heart, and the support of each other,” Broughton said. “Yet, in a world filled with choices, we all found our way to the same path. We chose to be nurses. We chose to be the ones in scrubs, the ones at the bedside, the ones who care deeply and serve selflessly.”

Nine students received acknowledgement for their veteran or active-duty service, and students with a 4.0 GPA, (who are automatic members of the American Holistic Nurses Association), were recognized for their excellence in academic achievement. The Sigma student award was received by Stamford student Morgan Moltzau.

As you transition from nursing student to professional nurse, always remember that you are UConn nurses, our best and our brightest, and that we will always be proud of you. – Dean Victoria Vaughan Dickson

After each student crossed the stage, the UConn Nursing PRAXIS pledge was led by president of the School of Nursing alumni board, Diana Filipek-Oberg, BSN. Vice provost for health sciences, Amy Gorin, Ph.D., followed with the time-honored Conferral of Degrees before closing remarks by Dean Dickson.

Dean Dickson imparted a message of pride and inspiration as these students enter the next chapter in their nursing journey. “As UConn nurses, you are essential to the future of nursing and of health care,” she said. “You are well-prepared to care for individuals, families, and communities from diverse backgrounds to optimize well-being. As you transition from nursing student to professional nurse, always remember that you are UConn nurses, our best and our brightest, and that we will always be proud of you.”

She went on to say, “Graduates – I charge you now to fully assume the responsibilities of your new status … to build upon the foundation of knowledge through a commitment to lifelong learning and to seek out opportunities through practice and service to exemplify the vision of UConn Nursing: innovative, evidence-based, and caring nurses transforming health care and promoting health equity for all.”

In response, the words of class president David Broughton ring true. “We are the UConn Husky Nurses, today, tomorrow, and forever, and we carry that pride with us as we step forward into our futures.”

To learn more about UConn’s second bachelor’s degree in nursing program, visit Home | Certificate Entry into Nursing (CEIN) Program.

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: Three Business Students Attend Top International Climate Conference: A Once-In-A-Lifetime Experience

Source: US State of Connecticut

Junior Chapal Bhavsar is interested in big, sustainable-technology projects, including the creation of climate-friendly power plants, and is eager to use his finance knowledge to find ways to fund their construction.

As one of 14 UConn students, and five faculty and staff, to attend the United Nation’s Climate Change Conference (COP 29) in Baku, Azerbaijan last month, Bhavsar met many people—including some international power figures—who share his ideology.

“At COP, I wanted to connect with people in the business space. I went in with an open mind and was happy to talk to anyone. I was in the room with the Minister of Energy of Azerbaijan and with a Saudi delegation working on a clean-energy pipeline. It was fascinating to talk about how financing is changing in the sector, with private industry replacing government entities to advance these projects.’’

“Perhaps the highlight was being able to connect with the U.S. Ambassador to Azerbaijan, Mark Libby,’’ Bhavsar said. “He’s from Southbury and I grew up in Danbury, so we had that in common. I was excited to connect with someone who is so key in the climate-protection movement, a top guy who is very successful. He invited us to a roundtable where he answered all kinds of questions.’’

Bhavsar was joined by two other UConn business students, senior Jackie Flaherty, who is majoring in marketing and urban and community studies and minoring in geographic information science; and senior Naiiya Patel, who is studying accounting, with minors in philosophy, and social responsibility and impact in business. All three are members of the UConn Honors program.

‘Committed to Purposeful Change’

Arminda Kamphausen, director for Global & Sustainability Initiatives at the School of Business, said the COP 29 conference offered students an extraordinary experience. UConn business students have been participating since 2021.

“This once-in-a-lifetime experience ticks all the boxes: international travel, cultural awareness, and growth through exposure to and interaction with critical real-world issues,’’ she said. “The conversations I have had with these students since their return underscores the importance of experiential learning to a complete education. I am so glad we prioritize that here at the UConn School of Business.’’

“The conversations also reinforce my hope in this generation of young people who are committed to purposeful change and positive impact. Experiences like this give them the tools they need to do just that,’’ she said.

Kamphausen said the UConn Office of Sustainability deserves credit for its work to make this adventure happen, and particularly for its ability to arrange for our students to enter the exclusive arena where the most meaningful negotiations occur.

Sustainable Initiatives That Could Apply to Gampel

Patel enjoyed the conference and said one of the highlights for her was having the opportunity to meet the former President of Finland, Tarja Halonen. She told Halonen how much she enjoyed her presentation on the importance of a greener future and need to act decisively.

“It was very cool; I never expected to meet someone so important,’’ Patel said.

Patel said she arrived at COP 29 thinking that she would focus on youth impact and teaching, but found many other interests there as well.

“The themes covered so many fascinating topics from water security to biodiversity to transportation and tourism. It felt so cool because so much of it could be applied right here at UConn,’’ she said.

Patel was intrigued by a presentation from an executive with the Liverpool soccer team, who talked about initiatives to keep the facility and the patron experience more sustainable and climate friendly.

“I thought it would be a great match at UConn and perhaps we could adopt some of those ideas at Gampel,’’ she said. “It was an interesting conference and I didn’t expect that much access to information nor to be around so many important people. Every day there were new panels and an amazing schedule of events. I loved the freedom to seek the information that was of most interest to me.’’

Patel’s professional interests include business, sustainability and education. She hopes to work for one of the Big 4 accounting firms, and said having knowledge about climate-change initiatives will be an advantage in securing her first job and advancing in the industry.

Flaherty Built New Network of Friends, Colleagues

Flaherty has worked in the Office of Sustainability in various capacities since she came to UConn.

“My interest began senior year in high school when I took environmental science and human geography courses,’’ she said. “I really enjoy both communicating information and working with people.’’

The trip to COP 29 was particularly enjoyable for Flaherty, who hasn’t traveled extensively. She loved both the food and the people. “I also enjoyed meeting representatives from around the world and hearing their perspectives,’’ she said.

She hopes to work in sustainable urban planning or communications following graduation.

“This will be such a nice experience to talk about in my future career. I’m so grateful to UConn to have offered this opportunity. It is so important going forward in my career to have had this experience,’’ she said. “I also found a great new network of UConn friends to build both professional relationships and friendships.’’

One of the things that surprised her was seeing oil companies and other lobbyists at the event.

Flaherty and her peers both wished that the conference had generated more substantial change, as the 2015 COP agreement did, resulting in the Paris Agreement. But only about 20 percent of the original finance goals were adopted at the conference.

“At first, I was very disappointed in the outcome. But now I think it is important to focus on what we can do in our communities and to push local leaders to advocate and pressure for national initiatives and investments,’’ Flaherty said.

“Regardless of some frustrations, it was a once-in-a-lifetime experience to be able to interact with people from around the world and it was tremendously eye-opening,’’ she added.

Bhavsar, a Fulbright scholar with a particular interest in banking and analyst roles, said he still felt optimistic after the event. “Its important that we make progress. It can always be better but it is a big step to make and build connections,’’ he said. “I think these nations are on the right track and moving in the right direction.’’

Bhavsar said he will long remember the people he met at the conference and in the country, visiting a palace, a fire temple, a mosque and exploring Baku.

“UConn support helped us attend COP but also have a tremendous cultural experience as well,’’ he said. “I met one guy who went home and got his brother, who spoke English and could translate for us. We all went out for tea! The Azerbaijani people are very, very nice.’’

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI Europe: Gift a Book: The Sciences Po Library Selection

Source: Universities – Science Po in English

Students in front of the entrance at 1 St-Thomas (credits: Pierre Morel)

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MIL OSI Europe News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: Nurses need care too – how curbing self-sacrifice can prevent burnouts

Source: The Conversation – UK – By Ester Ellen Trees Bolt, Post-doctoral Researcher, University of Leeds

PeopleImages.com – Yuri A/Shutterstock

Reflecting on my mother’s decade-long nursing career, I often wonder why so many nurses leave the profession after just a few years.

In the UK, the shortage of nurses has reached alarming levels. Fewer students are enrolling in nursing programmes, and nearly half of newly registered nurses leave within five to ten years.

Meanwhile, the demand for healthcare continues to grow, as outlined in England’s NHS Long-Term Workforce Plan, which sets out how the NHS will ensure there are enough nurses and doctors to support patients.

The problem is not confined to the UK: nursing faces a global crisis. The high turnover of skilled professionals has serious implications for healthcare systems worldwide.

The Netherlands is also experiencing troubling trends, with predictions of a significant healthcare staffing shortfall in the coming decades.

Burnout is one of the most pressing reasons behind this exodus of nurses from the profession.

Culture of self-sacrifice

I interviewed nurses in the Netherlands about their workplace experiences including burnout for my research.

And I found that one of the main reasons nurses leave is because of the profession’s culture of self-sacrifice. While empathy, compassion, and dedication are hallmarks of nursing, these qualities can lead to them working too hard. Nurses often push themselves so hard to meet their patients’ needs that they neglect their own health. Nursing often reinforces the culture of self-sacrifice, with an unspoken expectation that nurses should prioritise patients’ needs.

My research shows that nurses are actively seeking employment to avoid burnout, but this often involves changing employers – a decision that is personally and organisationally intense and costly. I argue that, to ensure they remain in the workforce long term, nurses should be trained in setting boundaries and prioritising self-care.

Nurses, particularly in long-term care, frequently form strong emotional bonds with their patients, which makes it challenging to draw boundaries between professional responsibilities and personal attachment. Interviews with nurses highlight the emotional toll of this. Several nurses mentioned feeling guilt when calling in sick, knowing their patients and colleagues depend on them. Some described how increased workloads, due to colleagues’ absences, eventually left them too overworked to continue. Others reported being constantly contacted to work extra shifts, even on their days off, due to staffing shortages caused by absenteeism and turnover.

These stories reflect the relentless pressure nurses face. For many, the instinct to help others is both a source of pride and a path to burnout. When nurses don’t to set boundaries, their bodies often force them to stop – through illness and exhaustion.

How to change

Although nurses are the backbone of healthcare systems, the profession is undervalued and often viewed as less professional compared to other medical roles. This perception disrespects the complexity of nursing and discourages young people from entering the field.

To address these issues, nurses need more support from employers and colleagues, including doctors and HR teams. Public campaigns must celebrate nursing as a highly skilled and indispensable profession, challenging outdated stereotypes.

Burnout prevention also requires systemic changes. Nursing education must teach self-care and boundary setting as essential skills. Research indicates that nurses often report improved mental health and job satisfaction after switching employers, suggesting that organisational culture is pivotal in retaining staff – and that some workplaces are already leading the way.

Self-sacrifice culture is a double-edged sword. While it reflects the compassion and dedication that define nursing, it poses a serious threat to the sustainability of the profession. To retain nurses, they need to be viewed as true professionals and be acknowledged for the value they deliver to the overall care processes. By fostering a culture that values personal boundaries, supports wellbeing, and elevates the professional identity of nursing, we can ensure that nurses are cared for just as much as they care for others.

Failure to act will have far reaching consequences not just for nurses but for patients and healthcare systems around the world.

Ester Ellen Trees Bolt does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. Nurses need care too – how curbing self-sacrifice can prevent burnouts – https://theconversation.com/nurses-need-care-too-how-curbing-self-sacrifice-can-prevent-burnouts-244312

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: Climate, migration and conflict mix to create ‘deadly’ intense tropical storms like Chido

Source: The Conversation – UK – By Liz Stephens, Professor of Climate Risks and Resilience, University of Reading

Cyclone Chido was an “intense tropical cyclone”, equivalent to a category 4 hurricane in the Atlantic. It made landfall in Mayotte, a small island lying to the north-west of Madagascar on December 14, generating wind gusts approaching 155mph (250km/hr). Later on, it hit Mozambique, East Africa with the same ferocity.

This storm skirted north of Madagascar and affected the Comoros archipelago before making landfall in Mozambique. It is well within the range of what is expected for this part of the Indian Ocean. But this region has experienced an increase in the most intense tropical cyclones in recent years. This, alongside its occurrence so early in the season, can be linked to increases in ocean temperatures as a result of climate change.

News of the effects of tropical cyclone Chido in Mayotte, Mozambique and Malawi continues to emerge. Current estimates suggest 70% of Mayotte’s population have been affected, with over 50,000 homes in Mozambique partially or completely destroyed.

Ongoing conflict in Mozambique and undocumented migration to Mayotte will have played a key role in the number of deaths and the infrastructure damage.

Assessing how these cyclones characteristics are changing across southern Africa is part of the research we are involved in. Our team also studies how to build resilience to cyclones where conflict, displacement and migration magnify their effects.

A human-made disaster?

The risk that tropical cyclones pose to human life is exacerbated by socioeconomic issues. Migrants on Mayotte, many of whom made perilous journeys to escape conflict in countries such as the Democratic Republic of Congo, now make up more than half of the island’s population.

Precarious housing and the undocumented status of many residents reportedly made the disaster more deadly, as people feared evacuation would lead them to the police. On islands with poor infrastructure such as Mayotte, there is often simply nowhere safe to go. It takes many days for the power network and drinking water supply to be restored.

The situation is particularly complex in Mozambique. The ongoing conflict and terrorist violence, coupled with cyclones, including Kenneth in 2019, has caused repeated evacuations and worsening living conditions. Cabo Delgado and Nampula in the far north of Mozambique, the provinces most affected by both Chido and the conflict, rank among the poorest and most densely populated in the country due to limited education, scarce livelihood options and an influx of people displaced by violence.

As of June 2024, more than half a million people remained without permanent homes in the region, many living in displacement camps. That number is likely to rise significantly after Chido.

Compounding the crisis, Chido’s landfall so early in the cyclone season meant that the usual technical and financial preparations were not yet fully ramped up, with low stock levels delaying the timely delivery of aid. Unrest following elections in November hampered preparations further, cutting the flow of resources and personnel needed for anticipatory action and early response.

Tropical cyclones in a warmer world

Warmer sea surface temperatures not only provide more fuel for stronger storms, but may also expand the regions at risk of tropical cyclones.

The Indian Ocean is warming faster than the global average, and is experiencing a staggering increase in the proportion of storms reaching the intensity of Chido.

Climate simulations predict that storms will continue getting stronger as we further warm our world, and could even lead to an unprecedented landfall as far south as the Mozambican capital, Maputo.

Scientists carry out attribution studies to determine how climate change contributed to specific events. Scientists undertaking rapid attribution studies of Chido have found that the ocean surface temperatures along the path of the storm were 1.1°C warmer than they would have been without climate change. So, temperatures this warm were made more than 50 times more likely by climate change. Another study focusing on Chido itself concluded that the cyclone’s winds were 5% faster due to global heating caused by burning fossil fuels, enough to bump it from a category 3 to a category 4 storm.

Intense winds are not the only hazard. Scientists are confident that tropical cyclones will dump more rain as a result of climate change. A trend towards slower-moving storms has been observed, causing more of that rain to accumulate in a single location, resulting in floods.

Cyclone Freddy delivered a year’s worth of rain to southern Malawi in just four days in March 2023. Storm surges, exacerbated by sea level rise, also raise the scale of flooding, as in the devastating Cyclone Idai in March 2019. An increase in the number of storms that rapidly intensify, as Chido did before landfall in Mayotte has also been linked to climate change, which makes it harder to provide early warnings.

To improve resilience to future cyclones, conflict, migration and social dynamics must be considered alongside climate change, without this, displaced and migrant communities will continue to be the most affected by the risks that climate change poses.

Don’t have time to read about climate change as much as you’d like?

Get a weekly roundup in your inbox instead. Every Wednesday, The Conversation’s environment editor writes Imagine, a short email that goes a little deeper into just one climate issue. Join the 40,000+ readers who’ve subscribed so far.

Liz Stephens also works for the Red Cross Red Crescent Climate Centre, where she works as the Science Lead. She receives funding from the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO) and the International Development Research Centre in Canada, as part of the CLARE (CLimate Adaptation and REsilience) research programme. Liz holds advisory positions within the Red Cross Red Crescent Movement, for the European Commission’s Global Flood Awareness System, the Anticipation Hub and the African Risk Capacity

I work for a university which has interest on publications around disasters and climate change. I am part of a research consortium (REPRESA) funded by IDRC to research cyclones in Southern Africa region

Dan Green does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. Climate, migration and conflict mix to create ‘deadly’ intense tropical storms like Chido – https://theconversation.com/climate-migration-and-conflict-mix-to-create-deadly-intense-tropical-storms-like-chido-246219

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: What the colour of your snot says about your immune health

Source: The Conversation – UK – By Samuel J. White, Associate Professor & Head of Projects, York St John University

Clear snot is usually the baseline. Dmitrii Pridannikov/ Shutterstock

Ever wondered why the colour of your snot is different when you’re sick? You’re probably not the first person to ask this question.

There are actually many reasons why your snot’s changes colour when you’re unwell. And the colour and consistency of nasal mucus can reveal intriguing details about your immune system, and how your body responds to illnesses.

Mucus is produced by the tissues lining our nasal passages. Often perceived as a mere nuisance, mucus serves a very important role. It acts as a protective barrier, trapping dust, bacteria, viruses and other irritants – preventing them from reaching the respiratory system’s deeper parts.

Enzymes such as lysozyme and lactoferrin that inhabit our nasal mucus also have antimicrobial properties. They break down bacterial cell walls and help to limit bacterial growth. This protective role makes mucus a critical line of defence – even when we’re not unwell.

The continuous process of mucus production by the tissues lining our nasal passages exemplifies the body’s natural defence mechanisms in action. When we get sick, mucus changes – becoming thicker, more abundant and sometimes colourful. These changes highlight your immune system’s response.

Here’s what the many colours of your snot says about your health:

Clear

This is the baseline for a healthy nose. It’s mostly water, combined with proteins, salts and cells that keep the nasal passages moist and trap particles.

Allergies and the very early stages of a viral infection can cause an overproduction of clear mucus. This can also happen when your body reacts to irritants or pathogens.

White

White mucus is often a sign of congestion.

Inflammation in the nasal tissues slows mucus flow, causing it to thicken. This typically signals the beginning of an infection, such as a cold, as your immune system starts mobilising against invaders.

Yellow

Yellow mucus indicates your immune system is actively fighting off an infection.

Don’t be surprised by yellow snot when you’re battling an illness.
Soloviova Liudmyla/ Shutterstock

White blood cells sent to attack the infection die and release enzymes that give mucus its yellowish colour. This is a hallmark of the body’s response to many viral infections – including the common cold, influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).

Green

Green mucus results from an intensified immune response. The green tint comes from an enzyme called myeloperoxidase, which is produced by neutrophils (a type of white blood cell). This enzyme generates a specific molecule that destroys pathogens.

While green mucus often indicates a bacterial infection, it can also occur when your body mounts a robust immune response to aggressive viral pathogens.

Red or pink

A pink or reddish tint in mucus means there’s blood present. This often happens when the nasal tissues are irritated, dry or damaged – such as after excessive nose blowing or exposure to dry air. Small amounts of blood are usually not a cause for concern.

Brown or orange

Brown or orange mucus may result from dried blood mixing with mucus, or from inhaling environmental debris – such as smoke or dust. While typically harmless, it may suggest irritation or prolonged inflammation.

Black

Black mucus is rare and may indicate serious issues – such as a fungal infection (particularly in immunocompromised people) or heavy exposure to pollutants such as soot or cigarette smoke. This warrants medical attention.

The immune system in action

Mucus is an indispensable part of your immune system, actively protecting your body by trapping and neutralising harmful pathogens. Changes in its colour and consistency provide a glimpse into your health – helping differentiate between viral bacterial infections. It also provides insight into the complex processes occurring as your body works to keep you healthy.

Next time you reach for a tissue, remember that mucus isn’t merely a symptom of illness — it’s your immune system in action. Its colours and textures tell a story of resilience, reflecting the intricate defences that keep your body healthy and safe.

The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. What the colour of your snot says about your immune health – https://theconversation.com/what-the-colour-of-your-snot-says-about-your-immune-health-245876

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: Whales can live way longer than scientists had thought, with potential lifespans as much as double previous estimates

Source: The Conversation – USA – By Greg Breed, Associate Professor of Quantitative Ecology, University of Alaska Fairbanks

Animals with long lifespans tend to reproduce extremely slowly. Els Vermeulen

Southern right whales have lifespans that reach well past 100 years, and 10% may live past 130 years, according to our new research published in the journal Science Advances. Some of these whales may live to 150. This lifespan is almost double the 70-80 years they are conventionally believed to live.

North Atlantic right whales were also thought to have a maximum lifespan of about 70 years. We found, however, that this critically endangered species’ current average lifespan is only 22 years, and they rarely live past 50.

These two species are very closely related – only 25 years ago they were considered to be one species – so we’d expect them to have similarly long lifespans. We attribute the stark difference in longevity in North Atlantic right whales to human-caused mortality, mostly from entanglements in fishing gear and ship strikes.

Survivorship curves show female right whales can live to very old ages, but humans are causing North Atlantic right whales to die well short of their potential. Plotted for comparison is the U.S. survivorship curve for women as estimated by the Social Security Adminstration.
Greg Breed

We made these new age estimates using photo identification of individual female whales over several decades. Individual whales can be recognized year after year from photographs. When they die, they stop being photographically “resighted” and disappear. Using these photos, we developed what scientists call “survivorship curves” by estimating the probability whales would disappear from the photographic record as they aged. From these survivorship curves, we could estimate maximum potential lifespans.

Twenty-five years ago, scientists working with Indigenous whale hunters in the Arctic showed that bowhead whales could live up to and even over 200 years. Their evidence included finding stone harpoon points that hadn’t been used since the mid-1800s embedded in the blubber of whales recently killed by traditional whalers. Analysis of proteins from the eyes of hunted whales provided further evidence of their long lifespan. Like right whales, before that analysis, researchers thought bowhead whales lived to about 80 years, and that humans were the mammals that lived the longest.

In the years following that report, scientists tried to figure out what was unique about bowhead whales that allowed them to live so long. But our new analysis of the longevity of two close relatives of bowheads shows that other whale species also have potentially extremely long lives.

Why it matters

Understanding how long wild animals live has major implications for how to best protect them. Animals that have very long lifespans usually reproduce extremely slowly and can go many years between births. Baleen whales’ life history – particularly the age when females start breeding and the interval between calves – is strongly influenced by their potential lifespan. Conservation and management strategies that do not plan accordingly will have a higher chance of failure. This is especially important given the expected impacts of climate disruption.

What still isn’t known

There are many other large whales, including blue, fin, sei, humpback, gray and sperm whales. Like bowhead and right whales, these were also almost wiped out by whaling. Scientists currently assume they live about 80 or 90 years, but that’s what we believed about bowhead and right whales until data proved they can live much longer.

How long can these other whale species live? Industrial whaling, which ended only in the 1960s, removed old whales from the world’s whale populations. Though many whale populations are recovering in number, there hasn’t been enough time for whales born after the end of industrial whaling to become old.

It’s possible, even likely, that many other whale species will also prove to have long lifespans.

Sixty years after the end of industrial whaling, today’s whale populations may still be missing their elders.
Maxi Jonas/picture alliance via Getty Images

What other research is being done

Other research finds the loss of older individuals from populations is a phenomenon occurring across most large animal species. It diminishes the reproductive potential of many species. Researchers also argue this represents a real loss of culture and wisdom in animals that degrades their potential for survival in the face of changing conditions.

What’s next

We want to better understand how whaling affected the number of old individuals in current whale populations and predict when the number of old individuals will recover to prewhaling levels. Preliminary results suggest it may be another 100 years before whale populations truly recover, even for species whose populations now number as many as there were before whaling.

For North Atlantic right whales, our research shows that even when the population was increasing, the management actions taken were insufficient to prevent these whales from dying far too young.

The Research Brief is a short take on interesting academic work.

Greg Breed received funding from The Royal Society

Peter Corkeron headed the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s large whale research program for the northeastern US from 2011 to 2019, then led the New England Aquarium’s right whale research program through 2022.

– ref. Whales can live way longer than scientists had thought, with potential lifespans as much as double previous estimates – https://theconversation.com/whales-can-live-way-longer-than-scientists-had-thought-with-potential-lifespans-as-much-as-double-previous-estimates-245826

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI Russia: 23rd meeting of the Intergovernmental Commission on Economic Cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Armenia

Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

Source: Government of the Russian Federation – An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

The meeting was held under the joint chairmanship of Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Alexey Overchuk and Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia Mher Grigoryan.

23rd meeting of the Intergovernmental Commission on Economic Cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Armenia

December 20, 2024

23rd meeting of the Intergovernmental Commission on Economic Cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Armenia. Alexey Overchuk and Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia Mher Grigoryan

December 20, 2024

Previous news Next news

23rd meeting of the Intergovernmental Commission on Economic Cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Armenia

The 23rd regular meeting of the Intergovernmental Commission on Economic Cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Armenia was held in Moscow under the joint chairmanship of Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation Alexey Overchuk and Deputy Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia Mher Grigoryan.

The parties summed up the results of bilateral cooperation in trade and economic spheres, energy, industry, transport, agriculture, finance, healthcare, culture, science, interregional cooperation, education and tourism.

“Our trade and economic relations continue to be on the rise. Mutual trade between Russia and Armenia, according to data for 10 months of 2024, amounted to 10.2 billion dollars. This is more than twice as much as the same indicator last year,” noted Alexey Overchuk, emphasizing that in order to implement trade and economic relations, the countries have almost completely switched to settlements in national currencies – the share of the Russian ruble in mutual settlements has reached 96.3%.

The Russian Federation is one of the main investors in the Armenian economy. Investments in industrial projects in the Republic of Armenia have reached $3.4 billion. More than 40 large Russian companies operate in Armenia, some of them are the largest taxpayers in the state budget.

“In addition to direct investments, Eurasian development institutions are also actively working,” said the Deputy Prime Minister. “Active work is underway here, including in support of the “Crossroads of the World” initiative, which was put forward by the Prime Minister of the Republic of Armenia Nikol Vovaevich Pashinyan.”

The Chairman of the Russian part of the commission also noted that in July 2024, with the assistance of Russian Railways, the railway between Armenia and Georgia, damaged by flooding, was restored in the shortest possible time – the only railway connecting Armenia with the outside world, which is an important channel for delivering vital goods to Armenia.

“All these investments and projects are being implemented with the aim of strengthening connectivity in the Eurasian region and the South Caucasus, in particular, integrating Armenia into the new value chains emerging in Eurasia and realizing the transport and logistics potential that the Republic of Armenia has, with unwavering respect for its sovereignty and jurisdiction,” Alexey Overchuk said in his speech.

In the context of the work of Eurasian development institutions, the Deputy Prime Minister also noted the implementation of the irrigation systems modernization project: mechanical irrigation has been replaced by gravity irrigation, which provides annual energy savings. 5 main and 22 inter-farm canals have been restored. Work on the restoration and construction of intra-farm irrigation systems in 105 settlements of the Republic of Armenia has been completed.

“Two weeks ago, our specialists agreed to assess the technical condition of eight bridges damaged by the floods in Lori and Tavush. All work will be completed as soon as possible, and we expect that by the end of the year, their results will be submitted to the Ministry of Territorial Administration and Infrastructure of the Republic of Armenia,” the Deputy Prime Minister said.

During the meeting, the active development of cooperation in the humanitarian sphere was emphasized.

“Today we are signing an intergovernmental Agreement on the conditions of operation of the Russian-Armenian University in the Republic of Armenia. This is one of the leading universities in Armenia, where more than 5 thousand students study, mastering 123 educational programs, 80 of which are taught according to Russian educational standards,” the Deputy Prime Minister emphasized.

The university’s research and teaching staff includes 82 doctors and 332 candidates of science. The university’s structure includes 9 institutes, 31 departments and 12 laboratories.

The University cooperates with the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, the Institute for System Programming of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the St. Petersburg Polytechnic University and other Russian scientific centers. Research projects are implemented in such areas as bioinformatics, genomic research, quantum nanophotonics, biochemistry and biotechnology.

Work continues to provide opportunities to receive education according to Russian standards in the educational and sports complex, which includes a school for 700 students, built in Yerevan as part of the Gazprom for Children social program.

The countries pay great attention to cooperation in the field of culture. Since 2023, a program to support Russian theaters abroad has been implemented, within the framework of which the Yerevan State Russian Drama Theater named after Stanislavsky was provided with financial assistance for the acquisition of stage equipment and the creation of new productions based on works of Russian classics. The Moscow Parajanov Theater, with the support of the Ministry of Culture of Russia and the Cultural Center of the Armenian Embassy in Russia, held a large-scale festival “Parajanov Fest”.

Bilateral cooperation in the field of creative education is developing. Within the framework of the International Student Festival of VGIK, 38 films participating in the festival were screened at the Russian-Armenian University.

In pursuance of the agreements reached at the meeting of the intergovernmental commission, the second Russian-Armenian Forum of Education in the Sphere of Culture was held in Moscow in December 2024.

Cooperation in the healthcare sector is being strengthened, including within the framework of annual Russian-Armenian forums on healthcare. The ninth Russian-Armenian forum on healthcare, dedicated to issues of maternal and child health, was held on December 16, 2024 in Yerevan. During the forum, the system of extended perinatal screening developed and successfully applied in Russia was presented.

Russia and Armenia are developing mutual tourism. In January-September 2024, the number of trips of Russian tourists to Armenia amounted to 715.8 thousand, and Armenian tourists to Russia – 266 thousand.

Speaking about cooperation in multilateral formats, primarily through the Eurasian Economic Union, the Deputy Prime Minister noted that the union has become a real guarantor of Armenia’s energy and food security, as well as its technological development.

“The Union countries are the key sales market and the key supplier to the Armenian market. The EAEU accounts for 56% of Armenia’s food exports, 80% of machinery and equipment exports, 67% of chemical exports, and 56% of textile exports. The EAEU also provides 72% of energy imports, 49% of precious metal imports, 38% of food imports, and 34% of timber imports. During its membership in the Union, the export of industrial goods from Armenia has grown 15-fold, and food exports from Armenia have grown 4-fold. Since joining the EAEU in 2015, Armenia’s per capita GDP has grown almost 2.4-fold. This was made possible by the benefits of a common goods market, low prices for agricultural raw materials and energy, a convenient migration regime, and a common services market,” said Alexey Overchuk.

Following the meeting, the protocol of the 23rd meeting of the Intergovernmental Commission on Economic Cooperation between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Armenia was signed.

The parties also signed an Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Armenia on the conditions for the operation of the Russian-Armenian University in the Republic of Armenia, a State Purchase Agreement for a polyvalent, cultured, sorbed, inactivated foot-and-mouth disease vaccine, an Agreement between the Government of the Russian Federation and the Government of the Republic of Armenia on the conditions for the operation of the Educational and Sports Complex of Gazprom Armenia CJSC in Yerevan, and a work plan for the Russian-Armenian Business Council for 2025.

Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

MIL OSI Russia News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: FDA Roundup: December 20, 2024
Source: US Department of Health and Human Services – 3
For Immediate Release:

December 20, 2024

Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration is providing an at-a-glance summary of news from around the agency:
- Today, the FDA provided answers to a set of FAQs about software functions that may be described as clinical decision support (CDS). The FAQs are intended to help sponsors identify whether their CDS software may or may not meet the definition of a medical device, as described in the FDA’s final guidance for Clinical Decision Support Software. Additionally, the FDA updated the list of authorized Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning (AI/ML)-Enabled Medical Devices; totaling 1,016. The list is not a comprehensive resource of medical devices that incorporate AI/ML. The devices in this list have met the FDA’s applicable premarket requirements.
- On Monday, the FDA approved a premarket approval application (PMA) 180-day supplement for the OraQuick Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) Self-Test. This approval represents a labeling change to lower the approved age to individuals who are 14 to 17 years of age and older for the OraQuick HIV Self-Test to provide access to HIV testing to adolescents. The original approval of the OraQuick HIV -Self Test was indicated only for individuals who are 17 years and older.
  This is the first approval for an over-the-counter HIV test in adolescents. Availability will help in the detection of HIV among the adolescent population.
  
  The OraQuick HIV Self-Test is a single home-use test to detect antibodies to Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) and Type 2 (HIV-2) in human oral fluid specimens. This test kit includes of a test stick (device) to collect the specimen, a test tube (vial) to insert the test stick (device) and complete the test, testing directions, booklet titled, “HIV, Testing and Me”, and access to the OraQuick Support Center to assist users with questions about performing the test, or to connect them with a healthcare provider in their area.
  
  The OraQuick HIV Self-Test is not intended to be used with specimens other than oral fluid. Individuals should obtain a confirmatory test in a medical setting.
  
  Complete instructions for use can be found on the FDA’s website here.
- On Thursday, the FDA Office of Inspections and Investigations published a Viewpoint article titled Partnership in Action: Creating Safeguards for Imported Products Entering the United States in the Pacific Islands by Dan Solis, Assistant Commissioner for Import Operations. The article highlights the FDA’s work in Guam to ensure that imported products entering the U.S. through the Pacific Rim are safe for consumers. The Pacific Rim is a strategically significant location when it comes to ensuring the safety of products bound for consumers in the United States, as a little more than a third of global products coming into our country originate in the Asia-Pacific Region. You can learn more about the FDA’s efforts in the Pacific Islands by listening to OII Podcasts | FDA. The 5-Part series is called, Guam Series: FDA Presence and Impact in Pacific Islands.
- On Thursday, the FDA updated the outbreak advisory for Salmonella Typhimurium infections linked to cucumbers with additional cases. The FDA’s investigation remains ongoing.
- On Thursday, the FDA approved Tryngolza (olezarsen), used with diet, to reduce triglycerides (TG) in adults with familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS). FCS is a rare, genetic disorder that prevents the body from breaking down fats (TG) in the bloodstream. People with FCS can have TG levels in the thousands. These high TG levels can cause severe abdominal pain, inflammation of the pancreas (acute pancreatitis), and fatty deposits in the skin (xanthomas). Some of these symptoms, specifically acute pancreatitis, can be life-threatening. This is a first-in-class approval, meaning Tryngolza uses a new mechanism of action, or works differently in the body, than other therapies currently used to treat FCS. The most common adverse reactions were injection site reactions, decreased platelet count, and arthralgia.
- On Thursday, the FDA re-evaluated its determination from October 2, 2024, on the status of the tirzepatide shortage. The agency issued a new decision determining the tirzepatide injection shortage is resolved. The FDA’s determination is based on its analysis of all the information before the agency.
- On Wednesday, the FDA posted the latest video in the FDA In Your Day series. This one focuses on pertussis, also known as whooping cough, and what consumers can do to protect themselves and those around them.
- On Wednesday, the FDA approved Ryoncil (remestemcel-L-rknd) an allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) therapy, for steroid-refractory acute graft versus host disease (SR-aGVHD) in pediatric patients 2 months of age and older. Ryoncil is the first FDA-approved MSC therapy. The most common nonlaboratory adverse reactions (incidence ≥20%) were viral infectious disorders, bacterial infectious disorders, infection – pathogen unspecified, pyrexia, hemorrhage, edema, abdominal pain and hypertension.
- On Wednesday, the FDA approved Ensacove (ensartinib, Xcovery Holdings, Inc.) for adult patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive locally advanced or metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have not previously received an ALK-inhibitor. The most common adverse reactions (≥20%) were rash, musculoskeletal pain, constipation, cough, pruritis, nausea, edema, pyrexia, and fatigue.
- On Wednesday, the FDA shared our latest testing results for per- and polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) substances in clams as follow up to the agency’s findings in the 2022 PFAS in seafood survey. Between October 2022 and September 2024, the FDA collected and analyzed 12 samples of processed clams with China as the country of origin. All 12 samples had detectable levels of at least one type of PFAS.
- On Wednesday, the FDA issued a letter to food manufacturers that Amanita muscaria (A. muscaria), its extracts, and certain of its constituents (muscimol, ibotenic acid, and muscarine) are not authorized for use as ingredients in conventional food. A. muscaria and its constituents have been used in foods intended to have hallucinogenic effects, sometimes marketed as “psychedelic edibles”, “legal psychedelics” or “mushroom edibles”. After reviewing the available information about A. muscaria and its constituents, the FDA concluded that they do not meet the safety standard for use in food and that their use as food ingredients may be harmful. We also recommend that people avoid eating foods with these ingredients. The FDA’s assessment of chemicals in the food supply is part of our commitment to food safety and public health.
- On Wednesday, the FDA updated the advisory for the outbreak of E. coli illnesses linked to certain sizes and brands of organic whole and baby carrots supplied by Grimmway Farms. According to CDC, as of December 18, 2024, this outbreak is over. The FDA conducted inspections at Grimmway Farms and collected environmental samples. Two environmental samples collected outside were positive for Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC). Although both strains of E. coli detected in the samples are capable of causing human illness, neither match the strain of E. coli causing illnesses in this outbreak. The FDA is working with Grimmway Farms on corrective and preventive actions. The FDA’s investigation is complete.
- On Tuesday, the FDA and the U.S. Department of Agriculture announced a charter that details how the two agencies work together to determine the appropriate agency to regulate the small number of animal biologicals for which jurisdiction may be unclear. Representatives from the FDA and USDA originally signed a Memorandum of Understanding in 2013 that outlined which animal biologicals each would regulate. Since 2013, science has continued to advance, and the jurisdiction of some products is not clear under the MOU. The charter includes a flowchart to help clarify which agency will regulate a given product, as well as information on how to request a jurisdiction determination from the FDA and USDA for animal biologicals.
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MIL OSI USA News –
January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI Security: IAEA Year in Review 2024

Source: International Atomic Energy Agency – IAEA

IAEA scientists taking samples in Antarctica as part of a 2024 research mission to study the impact of plastic pollution on the region and its inhabitants.

In 2024, the IAEA advanced its research and development efforts across diverse applications of nuclear science.

The Zoonotic Disease Integrated Action (ZODIAC) initiative expanded its reach, equipping nearly 40 veterinary laboratories with cutting-edge diagnostic tools and training over 1000 professionals across 130 countries. With 129 national laboratories now part of its network, ZODIAC fosters international collaboration through its dedicated portal.

Cancer remains a leading cause of death globally, yet nearly half of all patients lack access to radiotherapy. To address this, the IAEA’s Rays of Hope initiative expanded its network of Anchor Centres to 11, and supported a Lancet Oncology Commission which published a comprehensive roadmap outlining strategies to address global radiotherapy gaps, improve access and reduce the cancer burden worldwide.

NUTEC Plastics achieved groundbreaking research results, confirming microplastics in Antarctica through a study with Argentine research stations, supported by the IAEA’s Monaco Marine Environment Laboratories. The initiative expanded its 100-country laboratory network, driving global plastic pollution monitoring and research. It also advanced innovative solutions, using ionizing radiation to develop bio-based plastics, reducing reliance on petroleum-based materials and cutting greenhouse gas emissions.

The IAEA also developed methods to verify the authenticity of foods with specific geographic origins, by using stable isotope analysis to identify cases of fraud. This breakthrough enhances food authenticity and integrity in global markets.

In agriculture, advanced diagnostic assays developed by the Agency’s Plant Breeding and Genetics Laboratory provide rapid, reliable, and resource-efficient tools for disease detection, addressing challenges exacerbated by climate change.

Since its launch in 2023, Atoms4Food has supported agrifood transformation through innovations in cropping systems, livestock productivity, and natural resource management. Through the Joint FAO/IAEA Centre, a roadmap for a protein digestibility database was developed to guide evidence-based dietary policies.

The Agency is also advancing industrial 3D printing by using non-destructive testing techniques like X rays and gamma computed tomography scans to ensure the quality and safety of 3D-printed components, supporting industries with more reliable production processes.

The Global Network of Water Analysis Laboratories (GloWAL) completed its baseline survey in 2024, involving 85 laboratories from 65 countries. The results will inform capacity-building efforts in isotope hydrology, with a focus on regional networks, including a Latin America-led initiative starting in 2025.

Upcoming in 2025: In 2025, the IAEA will continue advancing key global initiatives aimed at addressing some of the most pressing development challenges facing countries today. Rays of Hope, working closely with Anchor Centres, will enhance cancer care through regional capacity-building. Additionally, the development of the SUNRISE database will contribute to advancing radiation medicine, enabling policymakers and practitioners to leverage insights that strengthen cancer care worldwide. ZODIAC will expand its network and focus on disease forecasting, particularly zoonotic and climate-related health risks. NUTEC Plastics will address plastic pollution with upcycling technology and expand its marine microplastic monitoring network. Atoms4Food will scale nuclear technologies to improve food security and support climate-resilient crops, alongside its work on a protein digestibility database. GloWAL will continue to focus on capacity-building in isotope hydrology. The ReNuAL2 laboratory upgrades will strengthen the IAEA’s role in addressing food, health, and environmental challenges.

MIL Security OSI –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: 2024: NASA Armstrong Prepares for Future Innovative Research Efforts

Source: NASA

[embedded content]
NASA/Quincy Eggert

NASA’s Armstrong Flight Research Center in Edwards, California, is preparing today for tomorrow’s mission. Supersonic flight, next generation aircraft, advanced air mobility, climate changes, human exploration of space, and the next innovation are just some of the topics our researchers, engineers, and mission support teams focused on in 2024.
NASA Armstrong began 2024 with the public debut of the X-59 quiet supersonic research aircraft. Through the unique design of the X-59, NASA aims to reduce the sonic boom to make it much quieter, potentially opening the future to commercial supersonic flight over land. Throughout the first part of the year, NASA and international researchers studied air quality across Asia as part of a global effort to better understand the air we breathe. Later in the year, for the first time, a NASA-funded researcher conducted an experiment aboard a commercial suborbital rocket, studying how changes in gravity during spaceflight affect plant biology.
Here’s a look at more NASA Armstrong accomplishments throughout 2024:

Our simulation team began work on NASA’s X-66 simulator, which will use an MD-90 cockpit and allow pilots and engineers to run real-life scenarios in a safe environment.
NASA Armstrong engineers completed and tested a model of a truss-braced wing design, laying the groundwork for improved commercial aircraft aerodynamics.
NASA’s Advanced Air Mobility mission and supporting projects worked with industry partners who are building innovative new aircraft like electric air taxis. We explored how these new designs may help passengers and cargo move between and inside cities efficiently. The team began testing with a custom virtual reality flight simulator to explore the air taxi ride experience. This will help designers create new aircraft with passenger comfort in mind. Researchers also tested a new technology that will help self-flying aircraft avoid hazards.
A NASA-developed computer software tool called OVERFLOW helped several air taxi companies predict aircraft noise and aerodynamic performance. This tool allows manufacturers to see how new design elements would perform, saving the aerospace industry time and money.
Our engineers designed a camera pod with sensors at NASA Armstrong to help advance computer vision for autonomous aviation and flew this pod at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
NASA’s Quesst mission marked a major milestone with the start of tests on the engine that will power the quiet supersonic X-59 experimental aircraft.
In February and March, NASA joined international researchers in Asia to investigate pollution sources. The now retired DC-8 and NASA Langley Gulfstream III aircraft collected air measurements over the Philippines, South Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, and Taiwan. Combined with ground and satellite observations, these measurements continue to enrich global discussions about pollution origins and solutions.
The Gulfstream IV joined NASA Armstrong’s fleet of airborne science platforms. Our teams modified the aircraft to accommodate a next-generation science instrument that will collect terrain information of the Earth in a more capable, versatile, and maintainable way.
The ER-2 and the King Air supported the development of spaceborne instruments by testing them in suborbital settings. On the Plankton, Aerosol, Cloud, ocean Ecosystem Postlaunch Airborne eXperiment mission (PACE-PAX), the ER-2 validated data collected by the PACE satellite about the ocean, atmosphere, and surfaces.
Operating over several countries, researchers onboard NASA’s C-20A collected data and images of Earth’s surface to understand global ecosystems, natural hazards, and land surface changes. Following Hurricane Milton, the C-20A flew over affected areas to collect data that could help inform disaster response in the future.
We also tested nighttime precision landing technologies that safely deliver spacecraft to hazardous locations with limited visibility.
With the goal to improve firefighter safety, NASA, the U.S. Forest Service, and industry tested a cell tower in the sky. The system successfully provided persistent cell coverage, enabling real-time communication between firefighters and command posts.
Using a 1960s concept wingless, powered aircraft design, we built and tested an atmospheric probe to better and more economically explore giant planets.
NASA Armstrong hosted its first Ideas to Flight workshop, where subject matter experts shared how to accelerate research ideas and technology development through flight.

These are just some of NASA Armstrong’s many innovative research efforts that support NASA’s mission to explore the secrets of the universe for the benefit of all.

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: NASA’s Webb Reveals Smallest Asteroids Yet Found in Main Asteroid Belt

Source: NASA

NASA’s powerful James Webb Space Telescope includes asteroids on its list of objects studied and secrets revealed.
A team led by researchers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge repurposed Webb’s observations of a distant star to reveal a population of small asteroids — smaller than astronomers had ever detected orbiting the Sun in the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
The 138 new asteroids range from the size of a bus to the size of a stadium — a size range in the main belt that has not been observable with ground-based telescopes. Knowing how many main belt asteroids are in different size ranges can tell us something about how asteroids have been changed over time by collisions. That process is related to how some of them have escaped the main belt over the solar system’s history, and even how meteorites end up on Earth.
“We now understand more about how small objects in the asteroid belt are formed and how many there could be,” said Tom Greene, an astrophysicist at NASA’s Ames Research Center in California’s Silicon Valley and co-author on the paper presenting the results. “Asteroids this size likely formed from collisions between larger ones in the main belt and are likely to drift towards the vicinity of Earth and the Sun.”
Insights from this research could inform the work of the Asteroid Threat Assessment Project at Ames. ATAP works across disciplines to support NASA’s Planetary Defense Coordination Office by studying what would happen in the case of an Earth impact and modeling the associated risks.
“It’s exciting that Webb’s capabilities can be used to glean insights into asteroids,” said Jessie Dotson, an astrophysicist at Ames and member of ATAP. “Understanding the sizes, numbers, and evolutionary history of smaller main belt asteroids provides important background about the near-Earth asteroids we study for planetary defense.”

The team that made the asteroid detections, led by research scientist Artem Burdanov and professor of planetary science Julien de Wit, both of MIT, developed a method to analyze existing Webb images for the presence of asteroids that may have been inadvertently “caught on film” as they passed in front of the telescope. Using the new image processing technique, they studied more than 10,000 images of the star TRAPPIST-1, originally taken to search for atmospheres around planets orbiting the star, in the search for life beyond Earth.
Asteroids shine more brightly in infrared light, the wavelength Webb is tuned to detect, than in visible light, helping reveal the population of main belt asteroids that had gone unnoticed until now. NASA will also take advantage of that infrared glow with an upcoming mission, the Near-Earth Object (NEO) Surveyor. NEO Surveyor is the first space telescope specifically designed to hunt for near-Earth asteroids and comets that may be potential hazards to Earth.
The paper presenting this research, “Detections of decameter main-belt asteroids with JWST,” was published Dec. 9 in Nature.
The James Webb Space Telescope is the world’s premier space science observatory. Webb is solving mysteries in our solar system, looking beyond to distant worlds around other stars, and probing the mysterious structures and origins of our universe and our place in it. Webb is an international program led by NASA with its partners, ESA (European Space Agency) and CSA (Canadian Space Agency).
For news media:
Members of the news media interested in covering this topic should reach out to the NASA Ames newsroom.

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: Lab Work Digs Into Gullies Seen on Giant Asteroid Vesta by NASA’s Dawn

Source: NASA

Known as flow formations, these channels could be etched on bodies that would seem inhospitable to liquid because they are exposed to the extreme vacuum conditions of space.
Pocked with craters, the surfaces of many celestial bodies in our solar system provide clear evidence of a 4.6-billion-year battering by meteoroids and other space debris. But on some worlds, including the giant asteroid Vesta that NASA’s Dawn mission explored, the surfaces also contain deep channels, or gullies, whose origins are not fully understood.
A prime hypothesis holds that they formed from dry debris flows driven by geophysical processes, such as meteoroid impacts, and changes in temperature due to Sun exposure. A recent NASA-funded study, however, provides some evidence that impacts on Vesta may have triggered a less-obvious geologic process: sudden and brief flows of water that carved gullies and deposited fans of sediment. By using lab equipment to mimic conditions on Vesta, the study, which appeared in Planetary Science Journal, detailed for the first time what the liquid could be made of and how long it would flow before freezing.
Although the existence of frozen brine deposits on Vesta is unconfirmed, scientists have previously hypothesized that meteoroid impacts could have exposed and melted ice that lay under the surface of worlds like Vesta. In that scenario, flows resulting from this process could have etched gullies and other surface features that resemble those on Earth.

But how could airless worlds — celestial bodies without atmospheres and exposed to the intense vacuum of space — host liquids on the surface long enough for them to flow? Such a process would run contrary to the understanding that liquids quickly destabilize in a vacuum, changing to a gas when the pressure drops.
“Not only do impacts trigger a flow of liquid on the surface, the liquids are active long enough to create specific surface features,” said project leader and planetary scientist Jennifer Scully of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California, where the experiments were conducted. “But for how long? Most liquids become unstable quickly on these airless bodies, where the vacuum of space is unyielding.”
The critical component turns out to be sodium chloride — table salt. The experiments found that in conditions like those on Vesta, pure water froze almost instantly, while briny liquids stayed fluid for at least an hour. “That’s long enough to form the flow-associated features identified on Vesta, which were estimated to require up to a half-hour,” said lead author Michael J. Poston of the Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio.
Launched in 2007, the Dawn spacecraft traveled to the main asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter to orbit Vesta for 14 months and Ceres for almost four years. Before ending in 2018, the mission uncovered evidence that Ceres had been home to a subsurface reservoir of brine and may still be transferring brines from its interior to the surface. The recent research offers insights into processes on Ceres but focuses on Vesta, where ice and salts may produce briny liquid when heated by an impact, scientists said.
Re-creating Vesta
To re-create Vesta-like conditions that would occur after a meteoroid impact, the scientists relied on a test chamber at JPL called the Dirty Under-vacuum Simulation Testbed for Icy Environments, or DUSTIE. By rapidly reducing the air pressure surrounding samples of liquid, they mimicked the environment around fluid that comes to the surface. Exposed to vacuum conditions, pure water froze instantly. But salty fluids hung around longer, continuing to flow before freezing.
The brines they experimented with were a little over an inch (a few centimeters) deep; scientists concluded the flows on Vesta that are yards to tens of yards deep would take even longer to refreeze.
The researchers were also able to re-create the “lids” of frozen material thought to form on brines. Essentially a frozen top layer, the lids stabilize the liquid beneath them, protecting it from being exposed to the vacuum of space — or, in this case the vacuum of the DUSTIE chamber — and helping the liquid flow longer before freezing again.
This phenomenon is similar to how on Earth lava flows farther in lava tubes than when exposed to cool surface temperatures. It also matches up with modeling research conducted around potential mud volcanoes on Mars and volcanoes that may have spewed icy material from volcanoes on Jupiter’s moon Europa.
“Our results contribute to a growing body of work that uses lab experiments to understand how long liquids last on a variety of worlds,” Scully said.
Find more information about NASA’s Dawn mission here:
https://science.nasa.gov/mission/dawn/
News Media Contacts
Gretchen McCartneyJet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.818-287-4115gretchen.p.mccartney@jpl.nasa.gov
Karen Fox / Molly WasserNASA Headquarters, Washington202-358-1600karen.c.fox@nasa.gov / molly.l.wasser@nasa.gov
2024-178

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: Avalanches, Icy Explosions, and Dunes: NASA Is Tracking New Year on Mars

Source: NASA

[embedded content]
It’s a new year on Mars, and while New Year’s means winter in Earth’s northern hemisphere, it’s the start of spring in the same region of the Red Planet. And that means ice is thawing, leading to all sorts of interesting things. JPL research scientist Serina Diniega explains. NASA/JPL-Caltech

Instead of a winter wonderland, the Red Planet’s northern hemisphere goes through an active — even explosive — spring thaw.
While New Year’s Eve is around the corner here on Earth, Mars scientists are ahead of the game: The Red Planet completed a trip around the Sun on Nov. 12, 2024, prompting a few researchers to raise a toast.
But the Martian year, which is 687 Earth days, ends in a very different way in the planet’s northern hemisphere than it does in Earth’s northern hemisphere: While winter’s kicking in here, spring is starting there. That means temperatures are rising and ice is thinning, leading to frost avalanches crashing down cliffsides, carbon dioxide gas exploding from the ground, and powerful winds helping reshape the north pole.
“Springtime on Earth has lots of trickling as water ice gradually melts. But on Mars, everything happens with a bang,” said Serina Diniega, who studies planetary surfaces at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Southern California.
Mars’ wispy atmosphere doesn’t allow liquids to pool on the surface, like on Earth. Instead of melting, ice sublimates, turning directly into a gas. The sudden transition in spring means a lot of violent changes as both water ice and carbon dioxide ice — dry ice, which is much more plentiful on Mars than frozen water — weaken and break.
“You get lots of cracks and explosions instead of melting,” Diniega said. “I imagine it gets really noisy.”
Using the cameras and other sensors aboard NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), which launched in 2005, scientists study all this activity to improve their understanding of the forces shaping the dynamic Martian surface. Here’s some of what they track.
Frost Avalanches
In 2015, MRO’s High-Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera captured a 66-foot-wide (20-meter-wide) chunk of carbon dioxide frost in freefall. Chance observations like this are reminders of just how different Mars is from Earth, Diniega said, especially in springtime, when these surface changes are most noticeable.

“We’re lucky we’ve had a spacecraft like MRO observing Mars for as long as it has,” Diniega said. “Watching for almost 20 years has let us catch dramatic moments like these avalanches.”
Gas Geysers
Diniega has relied on HiRISE to study another quirk of Martian springtime: gas geysers that blast out of the surface, throwing out dark fans of sand and dust. These explosive jets form due to energetic sublimation of carbon dioxide ice. As sunlight shines through the ice, its bottom layers turn to gas, building pressure until it bursts into the air, creating those dark fans of material.

But to see the best examples of the newest fans, researchers will have to wait until December 2025, when spring starts in the southern hemisphere. There, the fans are bigger and more clearly defined.
Spiders
Another difference between ice-related action in the two hemispheres: Once all the ice around some northern geysers has sublimated in summer, what’s left behind in the dirt are scour marks that, from space, look like giant spider legs. Researchers recently re-created this process in a JPL lab.

Powerful Winds
For Isaac Smith of Toronto’s York University, one of the most fascinating subjects in springtime is the Texas-size ice cap at Mars’ north pole. Etched into the icy dome are swirling troughs, revealing traces of the red surface below. The effect is like a swirl of milk in a café latte.
“These things are enormous,” Smith said, noting that some are a long as California. “You can find similar troughs in Antarctica but nothing at this scale.”

Fast, warm wind has carved the spiral shapes over eons, and the troughs act as channels for springtime wind gusts that become more powerful as ice at the north pole starts to thaw. Just like the Santa Ana winds in Southern California or the Chinook winds in the Rocky Mountains, these gusts pick up speed and temperature as they ride down the troughs — what’s called an adiabatic process.
Wandering Dunes
The winds that carve the north pole’s troughs also reshape Mars’ sand dunes, causing sand to pile up on one side while removing sand from the other side. Over time, the process causes dunes to migrate, just as it does with dunes on Earth.
This past September, Smith coauthored a paper detailing how carbon dioxide frost settles on top of polar sand dunes during winter, freezing them in place. When the frost all thaws away in the spring, the dunes begin migrating again.

Each northern spring is a little different, with variations leading to ice sublimating faster or slower, controlling the pace of all these phenomena on the surface. And these strange phenomena are just part of the seasonal changes on Mars: the southern hemisphere has its own unique activity.
More About MRO
The University of Arizona, in Tucson, operates HiRISE, which was built by Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp., in Boulder, Colorado. NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, a division of Caltech in Pasadena, California, manages the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Project for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate, Washington.
For more information, visit:
https://science.nasa.gov/mission/mars-reconnaissance-orbiter
News Media Contacts
Andrew GoodJet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif.818-393-2433andrew.c.good@jpl.nasa.gov
Karen Fox / Molly WasserNASA Headquarters, Washington202-358-1600karen.c.fox@nasa.gov / molly.l.wasser@nasa.gov
2024-177

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: NASA, Notre Dame Connect Students to Inspire STEM Careers

Source: NASA

High school students in Indiana are contributing to NASA’s groundbreaking research to develop quieter, more fuel-efficient aircraft engines.
Their learning experience is a collaboration between aircraft noise researchers from NASA’s Glenn Research Center in Cleveland and educators from the University of Notre Dame’s Turbomachinery Laboratory. The collaboration aims to encourage students’ interest in science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) careers.
Recently, Notre Dame hosted students from The Portage School of Leaders High School and a team from NASA Glenn to see the Advanced Noise Control Fan operate in an outdoor setting. The fan is a NASA-owned test rig that has been configured to enable the study of a quieter aircraft engine technology. Known as the open rotor fan concept, the configuration involves an engine fan without a cover. Ground microphones were used during the test operated by Notre Dame to evaluate the radiated sound as the open rotor fan spun at various speeds.

Students from the high school, which is part of the Career Academy Network of Public Schools, used 3D printers from the school’s facilities to fabricate parts for the open rotor test fan. The parts, known as stator blades, help direct and control airflow, ensuring smooth operation of the large, exposed fan blades that are the defining feature of an open fan engine design.
“It was beyond words,” said Rebecca Anderson, a junior from the high school. “The part I enjoyed most was when they got the fan running. It was really impressive to see how quiet it was. I feel like everyone involved in STEM would love to work for NASA, including me.”
NASA researcher Dr. Daniel Sutliff was part of the team from NASA Glenn to spend time mentoring the students.
“This is real-world, hands-on research for them,” Sutliff said. “If airlines are able to use technologies to make flight quieter and cleaner, passengers will have more enjoyable flights.”
The Advanced Noise Control Fan is on loan to Notre Dame from NASA through a Space Act Agreement. The fan research is supported by NASA’s Advanced Air Transport Technology project and its Efficient Quiet Integrated Propulsors technical challenge.

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: NASA Science Payload to Study Sticky Lunar Dust Challenge

Source: NASA

The Moon may look like barren rock, but it’s actually covered in a layer of gravel, pebbles, and dust collectively known as “lunar regolith.” During the Apollo Moon missions, astronauts learned firsthand that the fine, powdery dust – electromagnetically charged due to constant bombardment by solar and cosmic particles – is extremely abrasive and clings to everything: gloves, boots, vehicles, and mechanical equipment. What challenges does that dust pose to future Artemis-era missions to establish long-term outposts on the lunar surface?
That’s the task of an innovative science instrument called RAC-1 (Regolith Adherence Characterization), one of 10 NASA payloads flying aboard the next delivery for the agency’s CLPS (Commercial Lunar Payload Services) initiative and set to be carried to the surface by Firefly Aerospace’s Blue Ghost 1 lunar lander.
Developed by Aegis Aerospace of Webster, Texas, RAC will expose 15 sample materials – fabrics, paint coatings, optical systems, sensors, solar cells, and more – to the lunar environment to determine how tenaciously the lunar dust sticks to each one. The instrument will measure accumulation rates during landing and subsequent routine lander operations, aiding identification of those materials which best repel or shed dust. The data will help NASA and its industry partners more effectively test, upgrade, and protect spacecraft, spacesuits, habitats, and equipment in preparation for continued exploration of the Moon under the Artemis campaign.
“Lunar regolith is a sticky challenge for long-duration expeditions to the surface,” said Dennis Harris, who manages the RAC payload for NASA’s CLPS initiative at the agency’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama. “Dust gets into gears, sticks to spacesuits, and can block optical properties. RAC will help determine the best materials and fabrics with which to build, delivering more robust, durable hardware, products, and equipment.”

[embedded content]

Under the CLPS model, NASA is investing in commercial delivery services to the Moon to enable industry growth and support long-term lunar exploration. As a primary customer for CLPS deliveries, NASA aims to be one of many customers on future flights. NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, manages the development of seven of the 10 CLPS payloads carried on Firefly’s Blue Ghost lunar lander.
Learn more about. CLPS and Artemis at:
https://www.nasa.gov/clps
Alise FisherHeadquarters, Washington202-358-2546Alise.m.fisher@nasa.gov
Headquarters, Washington
202-358-2546
Alise.m.fisher@nasa.gov
Corinne Beckinger Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Ala. 256-544-0034 corinne.m.beckinger@nasa.gov

MIL OSI USA News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI Security: Premier US military CBRNE command improves interoperability at Yama Sakura

Source: United States INDO PACIFIC COMMAND

CAMP ASAKUSA, Japan –

American Soldiers and Army civilians from the U.S. military’s premier Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, Explosives (CBRNE) Command participated in Exercise Yama Sakura from Japan and Joint Base Lewis McChord, Washington.

Highly specialized units from the 20th CBRNE Command took part in the 44th iteration of trilateral exercise that brought together forces from the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force, the Australian Defence Force and the U.S. Army in Japan, Dec. 7 – 15.

The 3rd Ordnance Battalion (Explosive Ordnance Disposal), 71st Ordnance Group (EOD) and 20th CBRNE Command supported Exercise Yama Sakura, which means “Mountain Cherry Blossoms” in Japanese.

Soldiers and Army civilians from the 20th CBRNE Command deploy from 19 bases in 16 states to confront and defeat the world’s most dangerous hazards in support of joint, interagency and multinational operations.

Headquartered on Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland, in Northeast Maryland’s science, technology and security corridor, the 20th CBRNE Command is home to 75 percent of the U.S. Army’s active-duty Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear (CBRN) specialists and Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) technicians, as well as the 1st Global Field Medical Laboratory, CBRNE Analytical and Remediation Activity, Weapons of Mass Destruction Coordination Teams and Nuclear Disablement Teams (Infrastructure).

Exercise Yama Sakura is designed to increase joint force lethality, enhance procedural and technical interoperability, and strengthen alliances and partnerships, while focusing on collaboration across multi-domain and cross-domain operations.

U.S. Army Pacific, Japan Ground Self Defense Force, Ground Component Command, I Corps, Western Army, 11th Airborne Division, Australian 1st Division, Eastern Army, 7th Infantry and U.S. Army Japan took part in the exercise.

The 20th CBRNE Command supports military operations overseas and civil authorities at home.

The multifunctional and deployable 20th CBRNE Command also routinely works to strengthen allies around the world.

Brig. Gen. W Bochat, the commanding general of 20th CBRNE Command, visited Japan during the exercise.

“This exercise was an excellent opportunity to build readiness and focus on training with a valuable ally to our nation. The goal is to strengthen our collective defensive posture and improve our interoperability in the Indo-Pacific theater,” said Bochat, a career U.S. Army Chemical Corps officer who speaks Japanese fluently.

MIL Security OSI –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Homegrown seed to kickstart new generation of Douglas fir trees
Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government Non-Ministerial Departments

Groundbreaking breeding programme to develop new generation of British grown Douglas fir trees after decades of research.
Credit: Forestry Commission

Douglas fir is native to North America and has been used in British forestry for over 100 years. Demand is rising rapidly and currently; we import much of our seed from the USA or France and there is a need to develop a strain that is specialised for British conditions.

For decades there have been incomplete attempts to develop British Douglas fir seed sources suited to our conditions, but now a government funded project led by the Conifer Breeding Cooperative has overcome this and will grow the next generation of Douglas fir from British tree seeds.

The project involved the selection of 200 visually superior trees from the best Douglas fir plantations in Britain, as well as 40 genetically superior trees from long-term experiments managed by Forest Research.

This selection of outstanding Douglas firs will now be used by the Conifer Breeding Cooperative and Forest Research as breeding stock to produce British Douglas Fir seed. The chosen trees will be copied by grafting cuttings onto rootstocks, after the grafted plants will go into seed orchards. In several years, once seeds are available, they will be supplied to forest nurseries to grow the first genetically improved British Douglas fir trees.

Richard Whittet, Head of Tree Breeding at Forest Research and Chair of the Conifer Breeding Cooperative, said:  

“We have selected a new generation of Douglas fir trees for breeding, based on their adaptation to the British climate and timber properties which is an important step forward for the resilience of our nation’s trees. 

“This achievement is the result of decades of work by Forest Research and our domestic and international partners. Collaboration has enabled us to get things done on the ground and harness new technologies, such as the low-cost DNA marker array for quality assurance.”

Sir William Worsley, Chair of the Forestry Commission, said:

“We are facing a changing climate and biodiversity decline, with trees playing a significant role in mitigating some of the worst impacts.

“We rely too heavily on timber imports in the UK and if we are to strengthen own domestic supply then this type of science will play a huge role in the future. Therefore, there has never been a more crucial time to invest in domestic tree-planting”.

A DNA fingerprint – which shows the genetic make-up of each tree – has also been taken of each tree by Oxford University. This is the first time this technique has been used at such an early stage of a tree breeding programme in Great Britain. The DNA fingerprint is used as a quality-control tool to track and evaluate the tree’s parentage and enable traceability. This important data will help advance the project.

Douglas fir is a desirable timber-producing tree for Britain and this step forward to develop a resilient British population will ensure better yield for our domestic timber industry. Fast growing conifers such at this sequester carbon more quickly than slower growing species. Using timber in construction, in place of other non-renewable materials, is one of the best ways to reduce emissions from buildings. It also ensures that carbon is locked up long-term.

Today’s development will help bolster the domestic timber industry as part of the Government’s critical mission to make the UK clean energy superpower and ensure we are resilient to a changing climate. This is the latest government innovation in the fight to protect our nation’s trees and woodlands.

The project partners involved are Conifer Breeding Coop, University of Oxford, and Forestart and it has been funded by the Department of Environment Food and Rural Affairs.

Additional Information:

The trials were first established in the 1990s as part of a European Commission project with several international partners including Britain, France, Germany, Italy, Spain and Belgium

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Published 21 December 2024
MIL OSI United Kingdom –
January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: New USGS Data Release featuring laser rangefinder measurements at Kīlauea summit
Source: US Geological Survey
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New USGS Data Release featuring laser rangefinder measurements at Kīlauea summit
Between 2021 and 2024, five Kīlauea summit eruptions gradually filled Halemaʻumaʻu crater with new lava. This data release provides surface elevation data for the active lava lakes and the solidified crater floor at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi, from 2021 to 2024.

The surface elevation of lava lakes is an important parameter that can provide insight on the underlying magma reservoir pressure as well as outgassing dynamics of the magmatic system. Lava lake elevation may also be useful in forecasting potentially hazardous eruptions on a volcano’s flanks (Burgi and others 2014; Patrick and others 2015, 2020). Precise measurements of lava lake elevation have been challenging in the past, due to thick volcanic gas plumes and the inaccessibility of most lava lakes. New technologies, such as laser rangefinders, provides new opportunities to measure lava levels with high accuracy and sample rates.

In this data release, we include data from a continuous (1 Hz) laser rangefinder (Safran Vectronix LRF 7047) measuring the surface elevation of active lava lakes and the solidified crater floor at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi, from 2021 to 2024. These data span five summit eruptions, which gradually filled Halemaʻumaʻu crater with new lava. These data may be useful for understanding lava lake behavior, as well as crater refilling processes.

View the Data Release here: Continuous laser rangefinder measurements of lava lake elevation and crater filling at the summit of Kīlauea volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi, 2021-2024 – ScienceBase-Catalog

Full reference for the USGS Data Release:

Younger, E.F., Tollett, W., and Patrick, M.R., 2024, Continuous laser rangefinder measurements of lava lake elevation and crater filling at the summit of Kīlauea volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi, 2021-2024: U.S. Geological Survey data release, https://doi.org/10.5066/P13SQTIC.

MIL OSI USA News –
January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI China: Annual buzzword selection highlights changes in China, world

Source: China State Council Information Office 2

People try VR devices during the 11th China (Wuhu) Popularized Science Products Exposition in Wuhu, east China’s Anhui Province, Oct. 21, 2023. [Photo/Xinhua]
Multiple organizations in China released the most popular Chinese characters and phrases of 2024 on Friday, offering insight into the evolving trends of the country and the world.
The top ten domestic buzzwords feature five Chinese characters for “integration,” “intelligence,” “new,” “safety,” and “stability” as well as the terms of “new-quality productive force,” “Black Myth: Wukong,” “work fatigue,” “low-altitude economy” and “digital transformation.”
These buzzwords refer to various dimensions of China’s domestic society, ranging from its integrated and innovative development powered by new-quality productive forces and digital transformation, to cultural and economic phenomena in 2024 such as video game hit “Black Myth: Wukong” and its burgeoning low-altitude economy including drone deliveries.
The top ten global buzzwords are characters for “election,” “war,” “change,” “turbulence” and “nuclear” and the terms of “Paris Olympics,” “Global South,” “Artificial Intelligence,” “drones” and “Large Language Model.”
The lists were compiled using an algorithm that analyzed a corpus of Chinese characters along with public recommendations, with final results confirmed by experts and researchers.
A closer look at the list of popular buzzwords recommended by the public also presents a more panoramic view of Chinese people’s social psyche over the past year.
Frequently used words such as “say no to mental exhaustion” and “20-minute park life” signify a desire for a relaxed lifestyle amid the quick pace of modern life. Words like “Altay,” a prefecture in northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region made ultra-famous by a critically acclaimed TV drama series, and “ancient architecture tour” reveal the popular travel destinations of Chinese people in 2024.
Among the recommendations, which are mostly in Chinese, the English expression of “China Travel” stands out, mirroring the country’s inbound travel boom buoyed by a series of facilitation policies and measures for foreigners.
To welcome international visitors in the post-pandemic era, China has streamlined its visa application process, refined its immigration process to increase efficiency at border-control points, and made its payment services for international travelers more accessible and inclusive, among other efforts.
According to official data, China recorded nearly 29.22 million inbound foreign visits between January and November 2024, up 86.2 percent year on year. Of these, 17.45 million visitors entered the country visa-free, marking a massive 123.3 percent increase from the previous year. Notably, the number of visa-free transit travelers surged by 132.9 percent year on year.
With pride and love, “Beijing Central Axis” is also on the recommendation list as earlier this year, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) inscribed the “Beijing Central Axis: A Building Ensemble Exhibiting the Ideal Order of the Chinese Capital” on its World Heritage List.
The Central Axis runs north to south through the heart of old Beijing and consists of ancient landmarks such as the Bell and Drum Towers, Wanning Bridge, Jingshan Hill, and the Forbidden City.
“The Beijing Central Axis is an important symbol that highlights the outstanding features of Chinese civilization,” said Li Qun, China’s deputy minister of culture and tourism, in an interview.
Having been held for 19 consecutive years, this annual event is jointly organized by the National Language Resources Monitoring and Research Center, the Commercial Press, and other institutions.

MIL OSI China News –

January 27, 2025
MIL-OSI Russia: Andrei Rudskoy took part in a meeting chaired by Russian Presidential Aide Nikolai Patrushev

Translartion. Region: Russians Fedetion –

Source: Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University – Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University –

On January 23, a meeting on the participation of universities in ensuring technological leadership and developing engineering education was held at the Saint Petersburg State Marine Technical University under the chairmanship of Nikolai Patrushev, Assistant to the President of the Russian Federation. The meeting was addressed by the Rector of SPbPU, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Andrei Rudskoy.

The meeting was attended by the governors of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad Region, representatives of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Education, university rectors and heads of companies in the shipbuilding and related industries. The participants examined issues related to the role of universities in the formation of a system of research, development and production of high-tech products.

Aide to the President of Russia, Chairman of the Russian Maritime Board Nikolay Patrushev noted in his speech that in order to achieve technological sovereignty and technological superiority, the domestic industry needs to reduce the timeframes for developing and implementing new technologies in production, as well as eliminate problems associated with the specifics of certification processes. He emphasized the importance of developing various technical and technological areas, including the production of low- and medium-speed engines, robotics and instrumentation.

Nikolay Patrushev also touched upon the issue of training highly qualified engineering personnel. He emphasized that increasing the number of scientists, researchers and engineers in the total number of workforces is a key factor for achieving technological sovereignty.

In turn, the Minister of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation, Valery Falkov, presented the results of monitoring the quality of admission to HSE universities and reported on the growth of interest in engineering education in recent years.

Rector of SPbPU, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences Andrey Rudskoy presented the model of “Qualified Partnership” in his report. He noted that the university, regularly performing R&D, generates new knowledge. At the next stage, due to the introduction of digital platforms in the performance of R&D, knowledge is accumulated and competencies are formed.

Effective actions based on knowledge and technology allow us to form a scientific and technological reserve on a systemic basis, which characterizes a qualified performer. A breakthrough, in fact, an exit to another level of development, is associated with the formulation of frontier engineering tasks by a qualified customer. This is how globally competitive market products are created – this is what real innovations consist of. Particular attention is paid to the transfer of knowledge through a new educational model with variable terms of basic educational programs, – Andrey Rudskoy emphasized.

Andrey Ivanovich drew the attention of the audience to the fact that Russian President Vladimir Putin set the task of creating a new model of education based on the foundations of the domestic system, which is distinguished by an optimal ratio of fundamentality and practical orientation of training. Mathematics and physics are of key importance, allowing the formation of logical thinking in schoolchildren, a scientific view of the world and creating the basis for future fundamental training in any field of activity.

Andrey Ivanovich noted that today the task of ensuring technological leadership is becoming vital for Russia. It is necessary to create a reliable foundation – well-prepared applicants to engineering universities. To this end, the standards of the current advanced level of studying mathematics and physics should become mandatory in secondary school.

It is obvious that the need for mathematics and science teachers in schools will increase significantly, and this requires prompt decisions. In 2024, we launched a joint project of SPbPU and the Herzen State Pedagogical University to combine the competencies of the two universities in training physics teachers within the framework of a network educational program. The participation of the Polytechnic University in this program contributed to the development of specialized competencies of future physics teachers, including through the use of the material base of SPbPU. And this year, we are launching a unique master’s program with the assignment of two qualifications in the areas of training “Applied Mathematics and Physics” and “Pedagogical Education”, which will help compensate for the shortage of physics and mathematics teachers, – said Andrey Rudskoy.

Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

MIL OSI Russia News –

January 27, 2025

Category: Science

Dmitry Chernyshenko announced the country’s phygital capital in 2025

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Richard Whittet, Head of Tree Breeding at Forest Research and Chair of the Conifer Breeding Cooperative, said:

Sir William Worsley, Chair of the Forestry Commission, said:

Additional Information:

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New USGS Data Release featuring laser rangefinder measurements at Kīlauea summit

Richard Whittet, Head of Tree Breeding at Forest Research and Chair of the Conifer Breeding Cooperative, said:  