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  • MIL-OSI China: China’s ‘small and beautiful’ foreign aid projects show global commitment

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    A report focusing on “small and beautiful” projects in China’s foreign aid was unveiled on Tuesday, demonstrating China’s commitment and efforts to promote international development cooperation and achieve the sustainable development goals of the United Nations.

    The reports is the fifth of its kind regarding China’s practice in international development cooperation released by the China International Development Cooperation Agency and the Center for International Knowledge on Development.

    A large number of “small and beautiful” projects have taken root worldwide over the years, establishing renowned and widely recognized Chinese foreign aid brands, such as Chinese medical teams, Juncao technology, and Luban workshops, according to the report.

    As an important direction and priority of the Belt and Road development, those small-scaled, well-grounded and replicable projects aim to improve people’s well-being and boost people-to-people bond in recipient countries, the report said.

    They demonstrate the humanistic care and kindness of China’s foreign aid and international development cooperation, it added.

    In the next step, China will scale up those projects and magnify the comprehensive benefits of the projects based on efforts in top-level design, communication and coordination, diversified participation and management efficiency, it said.

    Also on Monday, another report on the country’s green development assistance was released as the sixth issue of China’s international development cooperation practice.

    The report showed that since 2018, the country has carried out 184 assistant projects in green development totaling 30 billion yuan ($4.11 billion), benefiting 75 countries.

    The aid, ranging from sustainable agricultural development, clean energy development to climate change response and environmental protection and pollution control, are provided through various ways including technical assistance, materials and complete sets, the report noted.

    Hu Zhangliang, vice-chairman of the CIDCA, said that China closely aligns its assistance with the development plans of partner countries, ensuring that improving local livelihoods and well-being remains the key focus.

    China will, as always, play an active and important role in global development and continuously expanding the scope of foreign aid and international development cooperation, enriching aid modalities, increasing investment in global development cooperation and strengthening supervision and evaluation of aid programs, Hu said.

    China is also willing to strengthen cooperation with developed countries and emerging economies, and carry out tripartite and multilateral cooperation with more international organizations, complementing each other and jointly promote the realization of UN 2030 agenda for sustainable development, he added.

    Khalil-ur-Rahman Hashmi, Pakistani ambassador to China, said that China’s “small and beautiful projects” and green development financing align with Pakistan’s national economic transformation plan from 2024 to 2029, and complement with the upgraded version of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor.

    “We are grateful to China for launching a series of ‘small and beautiful’ projects in Pakistan…These projects are yet another demonstration of China’s enduring commitment to promoting inclusive development,” he said.

    By fostering partnerships in key sectors through targeted cooperation initiatives, CIDCA is improving local employment and building local capacities, he said, adding that Pakistan is keen to further expand partnership with the agency in broader areas of cooperation.

    Zhao Bing, representative of the UN World Food Programme in China, said that thanks to the support of CIDCA and the Global Development and South-South Cooperation Fund, WFP has implemented 53 practical people-centered projects across 36 countries in Asia, Africa, and Latin America, which have impacted the lives of more than 10 million people.

    “We serve as a bridge for South-South and triangular cooperation, sharing Chinese knowledge, technology, expertise throughout the Global South countries,” Zhao said.

    The WFP commits to further deepening and expanding collaboration with the public and private sectors represented by CIDCA, redouble efforts through “small and beautiful” projects and green development projects, so as to leverage additional resources, innovation and technology from China and beyond, in an effort to end hunger and achieve the sustainable development goals for resilient, inclusive future for all, he said.

    MIL OSI China News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Peters and Slotkin Lead Bipartisan Legislation to Extend Federal Funding and Protections for the Great Lakes

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Michigan Gary Peters

    WASHINGTON, DC – U.S. Senators Gary Peters (MI) and Elissa Slotkin (MI) are leading bipartisan legislation to extend federal funding and protections for the Great Lakes. The senators introduced the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative Act of 2025 to reauthorize the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) through 2031 and increase the program’s annual authorized funding levels from $475 million to $500 million. The GLRI is the most significant investment ever made to restore and protect our Great Lakes. The GLRI combines federal and nonfederal efforts to stop the spread of carp and other invasive species, restore coastline and habitats connecting our streams and rivers, clean up environmentally damaged Areas of Concern, and prevent future contamination. While providing vital support for these efforts, the GLRI also helps ensure we can address new and emerging threats to the Great Lakes.    

    “The Great Lakes are a national treasure and central to our economy, environment, and way of life in Michigan. Since its creation, the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative has made significant headway in cleaning up Areas of Concern, protecting vital habitats, and restoring coastlines around the Great Lakes Basin,” said Senator Peters. “This bipartisan legislation will provide GLRI with the resources needed to build on that success and help protect and preserve the Great Lakes for future generations of Michiganders. I’m proud to again help lead the charge to strengthen this essential program.”  

    “Our Great Lakes power our Michigan economy, and the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative ensures we are protecting our Lakes for generations to come,” said Senator Slotkin. “From controlling invasive species to responding to algal blooms to building up our waterways infrastructure – the GLRI is a critical tool. Time and time again the Trump administration has tried to zero out this program, and it’s more important than ever we protect it. It’s why I am honored to take up the mantle from Senator Debbie Stabenow, and work alongside Senator Peters to get this bill done.”   

    Since its inception, the GLRI has spurred tremendous progress in Michigan and throughout the Great Lakes region including nearly half of a million acres of habitat protected, restored, or enhanced, a five-fold increase in the successful cleanup and delisting of Areas of Concern, a ten-fold increase in the remediation of environmental and public health impairments, and reducing the threat of harmful algal blooms. The GLRI’s efforts have also resulted in economic returns of more than 3 to 1 across the region. 

    “The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative is the most successful effort to protect and clean up our Great Lakes in U.S. history,” said Lisa Wozniak, Executive Director of Michigan League of Conservation Voters. “Our Great Lakes face emerging challenges, like toxic PFAS contamination, invasive species, rapidly warming temperatures and the impacts of climate change, which makes the Great Lakes Restoration Initiative (GLRI) Act of 2025 more important than ever. Protecting our treasured Great Lakes, the source of drinking water for millions of people, is something all Michiganders can get behind, and we look forward to working with lawmakers on both sides of the aisle to get this legislation signed into law.” 

    “The simple fact is the GLRI funds critical projects that make life better for the millions of Americans that depend on the Great Lakes. It also delivers a positive economic return on the government’s investment in cleaner water and healthier communities. Senator Peters and Senator Young along with other Great Lakes senators have our gratitude for introducing this important bill,” said Joel Brammeier, Alliance for the Great Lakes President and CEO. 

    “The GLRI is a landmark program that is making significant progress in restoring the waters, ecosystems, economies, and communities that make up the Great Lakes region,” said Erika Jensen, Executive Director of the Great Lakes Commission. “The Great Lakes Commission applauds Senators Peters and Young for introducing this important legislation, which will safeguard the economic and environmental health of the Great Lakes region for generations to come.” 

    “This bill is a winner for millions of people in the region,” said Laura Rubin, Director of the Healing Our Waters-Great Lakes Coalition. “We thank Sens. Gary Peters and Todd Young for their bipartisan leadership and commitment to tackle the serious threats to our region’s drinking water, public health, jobs, and quality of life. Federal investments to restore the Great Lakes have been producing results, but serious threats remain. We look forward to working with the Great Lakes congressional delegation to pass this bipartisan bill that supports common sense solutions. If we scale back investments now, the problems will only get worse and more expensive to solve.” 

    “The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative provides critical investments in the health of the Great Lakes and the communities and businesses that rely on clean water. Communities across the region realize the lasting benefits of clean and healthy lakes, which attract visitors, create jobs, and sustain the Great Lakes way of life,” said Peter Laing, Great Lakes Business Network Co-Chair.  

    The Great Lakes Restoration Initiative Act of 2025 is also supported by the League of Conservation Voters, National Wildlife Federation, Sierra Club, National Parks Conservation Association, Council of Great Lakes Governors, Great Lakes Fishery Commission, American Great Lakes Ports Association, Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Cities Initiative, American Sportfishing Association, Theodore Roosevelt Conservation Partnership, Ducks Unlimited, Trout Unlimited, Congressional Sportsmen’s Foundation, National Audubon Society – Great Lakes,  Environmental Law & Policy Center, and other key stakeholders in Great Lakes protection.  

    Peters and Slotkin have been champions for the GLRI. Peters and Slotkin helped enact the single-largest-ever investment in the GLRI through the bipartisan infrastructure law to accelerate the restoration of nine high-priority areas in Michigan whose lakes, rivers and watersheds flow into the Great Lakes.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI Australia: BLACKWOOD ROAD, MILLICENT (Grass Fire)

    Source: Country Fire Service – South Australia

    Issued on
    12 Feb 2025 12:37

    Issued for
    MILLICENT in The Lower South East.

    Warning level
    Advice – Avoid Smoke

    Action
    Smoke from MILLICENT Fire is in the Southern Ports Highway,wattle Road,Blackwood Road, Acacia Drive, Hakea Drive, Racecourse Road, Banksia Road and Stringy Bark Drive. area.

    Smoke can affect your health. You should stay informed and be aware of the health impacts of smoke on yourself and others.

    Symptoms of exposure includes shortness of breath, wheezing and coughing, burning eyes, running nose, chest tightness, chest pain and dizziness or light-headedness.

    If you or anyone in your care are having difficulty breathing, seek medical attention from your local GP. If your symptoms become severe, call 000.

    More information will be provided by the CFS when it is available.

    MIL OSI News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Migrant workers ‘indispensable’ to global economic growth: UN labour agency

    Source: United Nations MIL OSI b

    Migrants and Refugees

    International migrants comprised 4.7 per cent of the labour force in 2022 – an indication of the crucial role they play in the global economy, the UN labour agency ILO said in a report published on Monday. 

    Some 167.7 million migrants were part of the labour force in their destination countries in 2022 – an increase of more than 30 million since 2013, according to the ILO Global Estimates on International Migrant Workers.

    Of this number, 102.7 million were men and 64.9 million were women.

    Regional distribution

    Most migrants were concentrated in high-income countries, which accounted for more than 68 per cent of the overall total.

    They were mainly drawn to three regions: Northern, Southern and Western Europe; North America and the Arab States.

    The share living in Northern, Southern and Western Europe rose from 22.5 per cent in 2013 to 23.3 per cent in 2022, while the other two regions saw slight declines.

    Gender disparities

    The term “international migrants in the labour force” means that persons can be working or unemployed, and more than 155 million had jobs. 

    The ILO noted, however, that significant gender disparities persisted, as migrant women had an employment-to-population ratio of only 48.1 per cent, compared to nearly 73 per cent for their male counterparts.

    Migrants also faced a higher unemployment rate compared to non-migrants, or 7.2 per cent versus 5.2 per cent.  Again, women were more affected.

    “This disparity may be driven by factors such as language barriers, unrecognized qualifications, discrimination, limited childcare options, and gender-based expectations that restrict employment opportunities, particularly for women,” the ILO said.

    Further findings reveal that a significant portion of migrants, 68.4 per cent, were employed in the services sector – a trend largely driven by the global demand for care and domestic work, particularly among women.

    Nearly 30 per cent of migrant women, and 12.4 per cent of men, were employed in these types of jobs, compared to 19.2 per cent of non-migrant women and 6.2 per cent of non-migrant men.

    UN Women/Staton Winter

    In Singapore, an Indonesian domestic worker prepares food in her employer’s kitchen after an early morning trip to the grocery store (file).

    An ‘indispensable’ force

    The report underscored the complexities of labour migration and the need for targeted policies to support international migrants. 

    With most of these workers employed in high-demand sectors, ensuring equitable access to employment opportunities must be a priority. 

    “Migrant workers are indispensable in addressing global labour shortages and contributing to economic growth,” said ILO Director-General Gilbert F. Houngbo. 

    “Ensuring their rights and access to decent work is not only a moral imperative but also an economic necessity.” 

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: World News in Brief: Migrants Day, hunger in the Arab world, arbitrary arrests in South Sudan

    Source: United Nations MIL OSI b

    Migrants and Refugees

    Migration patterns continue to be shaped by conflicts, climate disasters, and economic pressures, with 2024 marking record levels of internal displacement, the UN reported on Wednesday, marking International Migrants Day.

    Tragically, the year also saw the highest death toll of migrants in transit.

    “These challenges are made worse by the rising tide of mis- and disinformation and hate speech which sows division and distorts the valuable contributions migrants are making each and every day,” said Secretary-General António Guterres.

    The potential of safe and well-managed migration remains clear, as migrants boost economies, address labour shortages in aging societies and drive innovation globally.

    The Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration third report underscores the urgency of addressing migrant safety. Since 2014, nearly 70,000 migrants have died or gone missing, with the true numbers likely higher.

    The report calls for stronger international cooperation to prevent migrant deaths, enhance identification efforts, and support affected families.

    Meanwhile, the issue of migrant smuggling continues to pose severe risks. According to the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), smugglers exploit barriers to legal migration, profiting from the desperation of those fleeing conflict or poverty.

    Ending migrant ‘smuggling’

    The UN Protocol against Smuggling of Migrants serves as the primary legal framework to combat this crime. Efforts by UNODC include supporting countries to implement the protocol, prosecute smugglers, and protect migrants’ rights.

    This year, two UN Committees stressed the urgent need to address the compounded challenges faced by migrants with disabilities, often overlooked by available policies and services.

    As migration remains a global reality, these initiatives emphasise the need for collective action to create pathways that prioritise safety and opportunity, the UN says.

    Hunger deepens in Arab region amid conflicts and economic struggle

    Hunger in the Arab region has intensified amid escalating crises in 2023, according to a new report released by the UN on Wednesday.

    The report, titled 2024 Near East and North Africa Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition, was launched by several UN agencies, including the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and the World Food Programme (WFP).

    It reveals that 66.1 million people, or approximately 14 percent of the Arab region’s population, faced hunger in 2023.

    Access to adequate food remains a significant challenge, with 186.5 million people experiencing moderate or severe food insecurity, an increase from the previous year. Alarmingly, 72.7 million people faced severe food insecurity.

    Conflict is identified as the primary driver of food insecurity and malnutrition in the region, the report says.

    Rising prices

    Economic challenges, high income inequalities, and climate extremes further exacerbate the situation. Rising food prices have also worsened the crisis, with undernourishment rates in conflict-affected countries soaring to 26.4 per cent, compared to 6.6 per cent in non-conflict areas.

    The report warns that food security and nutrition indicators are likely to deteriorate further due to ongoing conflicts and persistent droughts.

    Economic access to healthy diets remains a critical issue, affecting over one-third of the population. In 2022, 151.3 million people could not afford a healthy diet, with the highest rates in conflict-affected countries.

    The Arab region continues to suffer from the triple burden of malnutrition, including rising trends in obesity, wasting, and nutrient deficiencies. Despite some progress in reducing stunting rates, achieving nutrition targets remains a challenge.

    Adult obesity rates in the Arab States are also alarmingly high, the report warns, with a prevalence of 32.1 per cent in 2022, more than double the global rate. Upper-middle-income countries, particularly Egypt, Qatar, and Kuwait, have the highest rates of obesity.

    The report underscores the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to address food insecurity and malnutrition across the region.

    South Sudan: arbitrary arrests and detentions include 87 children

    South Sudanese women and girls who are refusing to accept an arranged marriage are among those being arrested and detained unlawfully, UN human rights investigators said on Wednesday.

    A new report from the UN human rights office, OHCHR, and the UN Mission in South Sudan (UNSMISS) found that a total of 1,140 civilians were arbitrarily arrested and detained between January 2023 and May this year; most were men, but that number also included at least 162 women and 87 children.

    In many cases their detention was on the orders of a customary court presided over by a traditional chief, for refusing an arranged marriage, seeking divorce, or for alleged adultery, the report’s authors said.

    Cash incentive

    Women and girls are often detained to compel the bride’s family to return her dowry to her future husband.

    Other detainees have included those with disabilities – who “have often been detained without having committed an offence – and political opposition members.”(?) End quote was missing, so I asumed it coes here.

    UN High Commissioner for Human Rights, Volker Türk, appealed to the South Sudanese authorities to release all those held arbitrarily and to continue efforts to reform the country’s judicial system.

    Cause for concern

    “It is concerning that individuals have been arrested and detained – in many cases for alleged conduct that does not amount to criminal offences,” the UN rights chief said.

    The report’s authors highlighted how the rule of law remains “weak” in South Sudan where State institutions “have been weakened” amid ongoing targeted killings, conflict-related sexual violence that disproportionately affects women and girls, along with looting and movement restrictions.

    Most of the arrests were carried out by Government security agencies – the National Security Service, the National Prison Service and the South Sudan People’s Defence Forces.

    Other arrests were carried out by the Sudan People’s Liberation Army – In Opposition and the National Salvation Front armed groups, as well as on the orders of state and county officials.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Over 115,000 Syrians have returned home since end of Assad dictatorship

    Source: United Nations MIL OSI b

    Migrants and Refugees

    More than 115,000 people have reportedly returned to Syria from countries such as Türkiye, Jordan and Lebanon since 8 December – the fall of the Assad regime – the UN refugee agency (UNHCR) said on Thursday. 

    The information is based on public statements by host countries, contacts with immigration services from inside Syria, and border monitoring by the agency and partners.

    UNHCR said the Turkish Minister of Interior reported that 35,113 Syrians have voluntarily returned home.

    Jordan returnees’ demographic shift

    For its part, Jordan noted that more than 22,000 people have entered Syria through its territory, 3,100 of whom were registered refugees.

    UNHCR teams noticed a shift in demographics of returnees from Jordan this week, with more women and children returning rather than men travelling alone. 

    “When interviewed, some families reported that the head of household would stay in Jordan for several more months in order to earn money that will support the family’s re-integration inside Syria before joining them,” the agency said.

    Displaced within Syria

    Approximately 664,000 people remain newly displaced across Syria, mainly in Idlib and Aleppo governorates. The majority, 75 per cent, are women and children.

    Moreover, nearly 486,000 internally displaced persons (IDPs) have returned to their areas of origin, mainly in Hama and Aleppo governorates.

    “Prevailing insecurity – including armed clashes, increased criminal activity, and unexploded ordnance – continues to present challenges for civilians and will likely influence the potential decision to return home faced by Syrians living outside the country,” UNHCR said.

    Figuring out needs

    The agency continues to engage with caretaker authorities, which includes a meeting held this past Sunday with the Governor’s Office in Dar’a to discuss humanitarian needs there.

    UNHCR also continues to visit active border crossings, monitor processes, and listen to Syrians crossing back into the country about their priorities and needs.

    Furthermore, rehabilitation of 200 partially damaged houses in Rural Damascus has resumed, with completion expected by the end of this month. 

    Core relief and winter items have also been distributed to returnee families in Damascus, Homs and Idlib governorates as well as to IDPs living in collective centres and unfinished buildings across Ar-Raqqa and Al-Hassakeh governorates.

    The view from Lebanon

    Meanwhile, the number of Syrians departing Lebanon through official border crossings remains “low but steady”.  

    These journeys are predominantly through the Masnaa crossing and include people who may be making short trips to assess the situation in Syria.

    Over the last 10 days, a maximum of 100 to 200 people have been in the no-man’s land area at any one time, UNHCR said, either being processed to enter Lebanon or going back into Syria. 

    A small number of families who were stranded over the New Year period were assisted by UNHCR and the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) while waiting to be processed for entry.

    Iraq: Crossings from Kurdistan Region

    The movement of Syrians through the Peshkabour border crossing with the Kurdistan Region of Iraq has also continued, reaching approximately 300 to 400 daily.

    Most of those making the crossing into Iraq are of Kurdish ethnicity and indicate that they are either coming to the Kurdistan Region temporarily for family visits or using it as a transit point – planning to return to Syria afterwards. 

    Over the past three weeks, 948 Syrians have permanently returned through official processes, and 105 were refugees registered with UNHCR.

    Seeking assistance in Egypt

    In Egypt, UNHCR continues to see a higher-than-average number of case closure requests from Syrian refugees. 

    Between 8 and 29 December, a total of 1,448 closure requests involving 2,695 individuals have been submitted, averaging 97 per working day compared to the November average of seven closure requests.

    UNHCR Egypt continues to provide counseling support to Syrians seeking information about the situation in their homeland.

    Of most concern is whether the agency can assist with repatriation support; whether fines for overstays and delayed residence permits can be waived upon exit; if returning to Syria is safe; and which routes should be avoided. 

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: ‘No life without land’, says campaigning athlete at UN desertification meeting

    Source: United Nations MIL OSI b

    Climate and Environment

    There can be “no life without healthy land as we cannot survive,” according to an Olympic athlete who has been attending a global meeting being held in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, focused on halting desertification and land loss and promoting the restoration and sustainable use of land.

    Asmaa Niang, who is from Morocco, spoke to UN News at the UN Convention to Control Desertification (UNCCD) meeting known as COP16 and explained why as an athlete she has the “responsibility to give back and inspire others to protect the land.”

    As a five-time African judo champion and Olympic athlete in Rio de Janeiro (2016) and Tokyo (2020) she knows a lot about resilience and how to defeat adversaries, experience she has used to fight desertification in Morocco and across the world.

    “Judo is a sport based on the philosophy of leading a positive life, it is also a sport of resilience,” she said. “So, I have a responsibility to give back to society by using this experience to inform people about desertification issues and inspire them to action.”

    MINUSMA/Marco Dormino

    Mali, in the Sahel, is facing desertification challenges

    Globally, UNCCD says that “the future of our land in on the line,” as 100 million hectares (the size of Egypt) of healthy and productive land is degraded each year.

    Droughts are hitting harder and more often and three out of four people in the world are projected to face water scarcity by 2050.

    That loss of land is affecting people across the world and specifically nomad peoples in Morocco and other countries that Asmaa Niang has visited.

    “Nomadic groups are a symbol of freedom,” she said, because of their peripatetic lifestyle.  “In Morocco, Kenya and Mongolia, I have seen how desertification and drought has driven them to extreme vulnerability and changed their way of life,” adding that “their freedom is linked to our freedom, as we are all dependent on the land for our survival.”

    ©Asmaa Niang

    UNCCD has been working with athletes since the Paris Olympic Games as part of its Sport4Land campaign, leveraging their celebrity and influence to advocate for communities affected by desertification and land loss, but also to highlight the local and global solutions to restore land  and use it in a more sustainable way.

    “Healthy land provides nearly 95 per cent of the food we eat. It gives us shelter, provides livelihoods and protects us from escalating droughts, floods and forest fires,” said UNCCD.

    The policy makers, experts, the private and civil society sectors as well as youth and sportspeople who are coming together in Riyadh are focusing on a number of goals including accelerating the restoration of degraded land by 2030 and beyond.

    “Restoring our land is about more than improving the environment,” according to UNCCD, “it’s about creating better quality of life, ensuring food security, and driving sustainable growth.”

    © UNCCD/Mwangi Kirubi

    Turkana County in the north of Kenya regularly faces drought conditions.

    As droughts, floods and forest fires become more regular and intense across the world, population growth and unsustainable production and consumption patterns are fueling demand for natural resources.

    By 2050, 10 billion people will share the planet and depend on healthy land for their livelihoods.

    “I see people are engaged at this meeting,” said Judo Olympian Asmaa Niang, “and if everyone makes even just small changes, for example, changing their consumption patterns, eradicating plastic, then we can treat the earth in a kinder way and build greater resilience.” 

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Holding the frontline against desertification

    Source: United Nations MIL OSI b

    By Dan Dickinson in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

    Climate and Environment

    Some one billion people globally under the age of 25 live in regions where they depend on the land and natural resources for jobs and livelihoods, according to the UN, but their future is increasingly under threat due to desertification and land degradation.

    Across the world young and old are responding to this threat by adopting new approaches to working on the land that may not only prevent more degradation but may also provide new livelihood opportunities.

    The issue of desertification, drought and land restoration are being discussed at a global meeting of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD), which continues in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, until 13 December.

    UN News/Daniel Dickinson

    Communities in southern Madagascar are planting sisal to protect the land from erosion and degradation.

    Drawing a line in the sand in Madagascar

    In the south of the island of Madagascar off the east coast of Africa, productive land has been lost at an alarming pace to sand driven inland across farmland by powerful seasonal winds.

    The communities that live here are amongst the most vulnerable in Madagascar and as the sandy soils they farm become ever more degraded, they can no longer cultivate their land and their livelihoods are threatened.

    But now, with the support of the UN, communities have been growing sisal plants, which are resistant to severe conditions and well adapted to a more arid environment.

    When cultivated in grids, they can help to secure the topsoil and prevent further erosion.  This means fewer sandstorms and more opportunities to work the land.

    “Before on the land where we are standing there was nothing here, just sand. So, we could not grow our crops. But now, we have planted sisal which has been good for the village,” said Lydia Monique Anjarasoa.

    Listen to The Lid is On podcast from UN News to find out more about how communities are holding back the winds of change.

    © UNEP/Duncan Moore

    Thadiq National Park manager Abdullah Ibrahim Alissa surveys saplings at a tree nursery in a desert area of central Saudi Arabia.

    Regreening the desert in Saudi Arabia

    In Saudi Arabia, Abdullah Ibrahim Alissa described how the arid land he grew up on to the north of the country’s capital, Riyadh, deteriorated and suffered the effects of desertification.

    The land falls within the rocky Thadiq National Park, known for its sweeping valleys. As its current manager, Mr. Alissa took on a project to rehabilitate the 660-square-kilometre-park. This has involved planting 250,000 trees and one million shrubs as well as the construction of terraced dams to catch the area’s sparse rainwater.

    “Through afforestation projects, protection and care, the area has completely changed,” said Mr. Alissa.  

    Restoring Thadiq National Park is part of Saudi Arabia’s wider plan to re-green huge swathes of desert at home and abroad. The push is designed to tackle drought, desertification and land degradation, which are threatening countries across West Asia and North Africa.

    Three quarters of the arable land in the region is already degraded, and 60 per cent of the population is already experiencing water scarcity, a number set to increase by 2050.  

    Saudi Arabia has partnered with UNCCD to launch the G20 global land initiative, which aims to cut land degradation by 50 per cent by 2040.

    WFP/Pamela Gentile

    In Niger, 1.8 million people are benefitting from World Food Programme (WFP) integrated resilience initiatives..

    Harvesting hope in Niger

    Climate change, land degradation, soaring price and conflict have made the already challenging lives of farmers in the Sahel region of Africa even more precarious, but communities have come together, with the support of the World Food Programme’s (WFP) integrated resilience programme, to cultivate a better life.

    Foureyratou Saidou, a single mother of four and recent widow from the Tilaberi area of Niger, is one of around three million people in the region who have benefitted from the initiative, which promotes land rehabilitation, livelihood diversification, school meals, nutrition interventions and improved agricultural production and market access.

    “In this garden, we now grow and harvest onions, tomatoes, lettuce and other vegetables that we eat and that we can sell in the local market,” she said. “Before, we didn’t have much to live for. Now we do, and we don’t want to leave.”

    With better access to markets, Ms. Saidou is able to sell the food she does not consume at home and provide for her children.

    WFP/Souleymane Ag Anara

    An aerial view of WFP-supported community gardens in Niger’s Tillaberi region, which are part of a broader, multi-partner Sahel resilience initiative.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Six bold environmental leaders named 2024 Champions of the Earth

    Source: United Nations MIL OSI b

    Climate and Environment

    Brazil’s first-ever Minister of Indigenous Peoples and an initiative promoting sustainable agriculture in Egypt are among the six recipients of the 2024 Champions of the Earth award, announced by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) in Nairobi, Kenya, on Tuesday. 

    The laureates were honoured for their outstanding leadership, brave actions and sustainable solutions to tackle land degradation, drought and desertification.

    Protecting people and the planet

    The Champions of the Earth award is the UN’s highest environmental honour and recognizes trailblazers from the public and private sectors, civil society and academia who are at the forefront of efforts to protect both people and the planet.

    It has been presented annually since 2005, with122 laureates to date.

    This year, nominations focused on finding champions who are restoring degraded land, increasing drought resilience and preventing desertification.

    Honouring ‘extraordinary individuals’

    UNEP Executive Director Inger Andersen noted that almost 40 per cent of the world’s land is already degraded.  At the same time, desertification is on the rise and devastating droughts are becoming more regular.

    “The good news is that solutions already exist today, and around the world, extraordinary individuals and organizations are demonstrating that it is possible to defend and heal our planet,” she said.

    “The efforts of the 2024 Champions of the Earth stand tall as a reminder that the fight to protect our land, our rivers and our oceans is a fight we can win. With the right policies, scientific breakthroughs, system reforms, activism, as well as the vital leadership and wisdom of Indigenous Peoples, we can restore our ecosystems.”

    Meet the Champions

    Sonia Guajajara, Brazil’s Minister of Indigenous Peoples, was honoured in the Policy Leadership category.

    Ms. Guajajara has been advocating for Indigenous rights for more than two decades. She became Brazil’s first Minister of Indigenous Peoples and the country’s first female Indigenous minister in 2023. Under her leadership, 10 territories have been recognized as Indigenous land to ward off deforestation, illegal logging, and drug traffickers.

    Amy Bowers Cordalis, an Indigenous rights advocate, received the award in the Inspiration and Action category

    Ms. Cordalis is using her legal expertise and passion for restoration to secure a better future for the Yurok tribe and the Klamath River in the United States. UNEP said her work to restore the river ecosystem and encourage the adoption of sustainable fishing practices demonstrate how bold environmental action can bring significant positive change, while upholding Indigenous Peoples’ rights and livelihoods.

    Gabriel Paun, a Romanian environmental defender, was honoured in the Inspiration and Action category.

    Mr. Paun is the founder of Agent Green, a non-governmental organization (NGO) which has been helping save thousands of hectares of precious biodiversity in the Carpathians since 2009 by exposing the destruction and illegal logging of Europe’s last old growth forest.

    He has received death threats and been physically attacked for his work in documenting deforestation in an area that is vital for the ecosystem and supports unique biodiversity such as endangered lynx and wolves.

    Chinese scientist Lu Qi was honoured in the Science and Innovation category.  He has worked in science and policy sectors for three decades, helping China reverse degradation and shrink its deserts

    As Chief Scientist of the Chinese Academy of Forestry and founding President of the Institute of Great Green Wall, Mr. Lu has played a key role in implementing the world’s largest afforestation project, establishing expert research networks and partnerships, and boosting multilateral cooperation to stem desertification, land degradation and drought.

    Madhav Gadgil, an Indian ecologist was named as the laureate in the Lifetime Achievement category.  He has spent decades protecting people and the planet through research and community engagement.

    “From landmark environmental impact assessments of state and national policies to grassroots environmental engagement, Gadgil’s work has greatly influenced public opinion and official policies on the protection of natural resources.

    “He is renowned for his seminal work in the ecologically fragile Western Ghats region of India, which is a unique global biodiversity hotspot,” said UNEP.

    The SEKEM initiative in Egypt was honoured in the Entrepreneurial Vision category for helping farmers transition to more sustainable agriculture.

    Its promotion of biodynamic agriculture plus afforestation and reforestation work has been transforming large swathes of desert into thriving agricultural business, advancing sustainable development across the country. 

    © World Bank/Andrea Borgarello

    A woman carries a baby and a water container as she walks across arid land in Niger.

    Restoring the world’s ecosystems

    Roughly 3.2 billion people worldwide are currently threatened by desertification, according to UNEP. Additionally, by 2050, more than three-quarters of the world’s population is expected to be affected by droughts. 

    In March 2019, the UN General Assembly adopted a resolution declaring 2021–2030 the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration. 

    Led by UNEP and the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) and supported by partners, it aims to prevent, halt, and reverse the loss and degradation of ecosystems worldwide to revive billions of hectares of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. 

    The announcement of the 2024 Champions of the Earth on 10 December coincides with Human Rights Day and the Resilience Day at the 16th Session of the Conference of the Parties (COP16) of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) taking place in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.  

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  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Making Cities Resilient 2030 initiative drives risk reduction and resilience building activities that are aligned with local, national, and regional priorities in Moldova

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Moldova is highly vulnerable to landslides, droughts, extreme temperature and severe weather events and floods, exacerbated by climate change, with droughts posing the greatest risk to communities and the economy. Water scarcity and forest fires are increasingly posing a threat to natural ecosystems, agriculture, and human settlements. Economic losses due to climate-induced disasters have caused economic losses of an estimated US$ 4 million per year, with scenarios indicating that the country could progressively trend towards a more arid environment, with the possibility of intensified droughts and fires.[1] Moldova was affected by 16 major earthquakes within the past 200 years. The area of its capital Chisinau is particular vulnerable to seismic risks due to its location and the structural vulnerability of its older buildings.[2]

    Chisinau municipality has been part of UNDRR’s Making Cities Resilient 2030 initiative aimed at enhancing local resilience through advocacy, knowledge sharing, and city-to-city learning networks since 2021 and is committed to increasing its resilience and readiness for forthcoming challenges, encompassing disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation. Building on several multi-stakeholder workshops,[3] Chisinau municipality, in February 2023, initiated the development of a Resilience Strategy for the period of 2024-2030, including an action plan for 2024-2027. Over the course of the remainder of the year, local authorities, in collaboration with UNDRR, organized an interactive and participatory process involving diverse stakeholders, including central authorities, civil society, citizens, the private sector, and representatives of international development partners such as the International Organization for Migration, the World Bank, and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development. These discussions and workshops helped to better understand the needs and of the local community, and to identify priority areas for resilience building: (1) strengthening governance, (2) enhancing critical infrastructure, and (3) fostering societal resilience. Chisinau is offering assistance and policy guidance to other cities and towns, both domestically and internationally. For example, within the framework of Making Cities Resilient 2030, Chisinau has already shared its experiences in resilience-building efforts with cities in Ukraine and Kazakhstan and has engaged in knowledge exchange with Portuguese municipalities.[4] The resilience building activities of Chisinau municipality align not only align with local and national priorities, but also with regional ones as strengthening disaster risk governance is prioritized in the National Implementation Plan of the European Union-Moldova Association Agreement. Since 2023, Moldova has access to the UN-supported INFORM Risk Index, a comprehensive assessment of subnational risk that facilitates the implementation of data-driven strategies for risk reduction, guiding decisions on prevention, preparedness, and response measures effectively.

    Given that early warning 24 hours before an event can reduce the ensuing damage by 30 per cent[5], multi-hazard early warning systems are crucial to reducing losses from hazard events. Such early warnings need to be broadcast through a public alert system that effectively transmits and reaches people with these warnings regarding imminent emergencies and disasters. The United Nations Country team is supporting the establishment by 2027 of an Early Warning System tailored to the requirements of the Moldova Inspectorate for Emergency Situations. For example, ITU undertook a feasibility study on the deployment and implementation of a Cell Broadcast Service solution for sending alert messages in Moldova in 2023.

    In 2023, Moldova implemented legislative reforms and policies to address climate change, with substantial support from UNCT. The adoption of the National Climate Change Adaptation Programme along with its Action Plan signifies a strategic commitment towards sustainable environmental governance, particularly in agriculture, forestry, health, energy, water and transport. Climate resilience was prioritized in the newly adopted National Strategy for Agricultural and Rural Development and the Migration and Asylum Programme.

    UN organizations in Moldova bolstered governance capacity by producing a guidance document on addressing human mobility challenges in the context of climate change, as well as a comprehensive analysis of disaster risk reduction in the agriculture sector, and a study on the role of migration role in climate adaptation in Moldova. Policy makers, statistical data producers, national experts, technical staff from public institutions, and academia representatives in Moldova have enhanced their knowledge and skills for sustainable resource management, energy efficiency, and climate resilience within the agriculture sector through diverse capacity-building activities supported by FAO, IFAD, IOM, UNDP, UNDRR, UNECE, UNESCO, ITU and UNIDO.

    UN expertise in disaster risk reduction and resilience building supported public and private institutions in enhancing energy efficiency and sustainable natural resource management, which resulted in photovoltaic panels of 600 kW capacity installed in five district hospitals. Six Farmer Field Schools promoting climate-smart agriculture enabled more than 700 farmers to apply their skills in sustainable agriculture practices across 5,700 ha of land, resulting in improved soil health and increased productivity. Moldovan farmers now have access to a Community of Climate-Smart Agricultural Practices platform, promoting the adoption of climate-smart technologies and supporting local producers in implementing conservation agriculture.

    Thirty localities improved their public services and social infrastructure and have become more resilient to climate change. Inclusive disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation measures were advanced. Almost 27,000 persons (including 51% women, and 22% youth) benefited from land restoration efforts across 118 hectares inMoldova, including shelter[6] belts, grassland, and vegetation cover for agricultural purposes, and 30% women participation in bodies promoting land degradation neutrality was ensured. With support of UN organizations, 32 communities developed shelter belt management plans and five community-based action plans for climate change adaptation, promising increased resilience against extreme weather, improved environmental sustainability, enhanced agricultural productivity, and community engagement. The inclusive development of these plans engaged local public authorities, land users, and landowners.

    [1] United Nations Moldova (2021) Common Country Analysis Republic of Moldova

    [2] The last assessment of residential building conditions in was conducted in 2005, revealing that approximately 83% of the 25,000 examined buildings exhibited significant wear and tear. From: UNDRR (2024) Chisinau Municipality leads resilience efforts in Moldova

    [3] Local authorities utilised the Preliminary and Detailed Disaster Resilience Scorecard assessments, along with the Public Health System Resilience assessment scorecard for these multi-stakeholder workshops.

    [4] UNDRR (2024) Chisinau Municipality leads resilience efforts in Moldova

    [5] UNDRR (undated website) Early Warnings for All Initiative

    [6] shelter belt: a line of trees or shrubs planted to protect an area, especially a field of crops, from fierce weather.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: United Nations organizations’ support to community-driven recovery, risk knowledge and governance enhances disaster and climate resilience in Costa Rica

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Costa Rica is highly vulnerable to hydrometeorological hazards such as floods, hurricanes, storms, droughts and water scarcity[1], which are exacerbated by climate change. In 2023, Costa Rica was both affected by heavy rains and by drought. Due to its location in between two tectonic plates, it is also prone to tectonic and volcanic activity. Based on a co-creation exercise with UN organizations operating in Costa Rica, led by the United Nations Resident Coordinator, the resilience of people, communities, institutions and the territory has been made a strategic priority of the United Nations Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework 2023-2027. The results group for this priority is co-chaired by IOM and UNDP, and links to the inter-agency coordination group on Disaster Risk Management chaired by UNDP, the United Nations Emergency Team (UNETE). The United Nations organizations in Costa Rica are adopting an integrated approach to looking at climate and disaster risks and place importance on being attentive to the particular vulnerabilities of certain groups such as migrant populations, people with disabilities, indigenous people, etc.

    A pronounced local leadership on emergency response, recovery, and resilience building is evident in Costa Rica. After the canton of Acosta was devastated by Storm Nate in October 2017, the roughly 20,000 inhabitants of that mountain community were cut off for days, without water, electricity or access to food or medicine. As the rest of the country had also been affected, the Acosta community prioritised self-help and formed a solid local network that first focused on bringing food and medicine to those who were most affected by the storm and, once the emergency was over, mounted a community-led recovery process. At the beginning of 2018, more than 400 people, including community leaders, representatives of institutions, farmers, students, young people, and older adults, decided that the path to recovery should be oriented towards the Sustainable Development Goals.

    A Cantonal Development Plan was elaborated that focuses on recovering and rebuilding in a sustainable manner and on providing opportunities to all – especially to those most affected by climate and hazard events. A key component of the plan was the development of resilient infrastructure, while at the same time ensuring environmental protection. Experiences like Acosta’s inspired 32 municipalities (out of 82) to join a Network of Cantons Promoting the Sustainable Development Goals. This programme is led by the Ministry of Planning, the Municipal Development and Consulting Institute, with the support of the United Nations. Cantons are provided advice and toolboxes to articulate the Sustainable Development Goals at the local level, as well as a platform to share good practices with other participating local governments. This network has become a space for close cooperation between local governments and national government institutions, and international partners to identify solutions to the challenges of sustainable development in each community. Supporting communities to implement the Sustainable Development Goals at the local level is a priority commitment of the United Nations entities in Costa Rica. The support to the network also links with Child-Friendly Cantons and Senior-Friendly Cities initiatives that UNICEF and the Pan American Health Organization are promoting to strengthen the capacities of the cantons in addressing the needs of these groups.

    The United Nations development system is supporting the localized approach to recovery and resilience building in Costa Rica through programmatic activities such as UNDP’s recently completed multi-year programme for strengthening the capacities of Rural Aqueduct Associations (ASADAs) that was implemented with the leadership of the Costa Rican Institute of Aqueducts and Sewers (AyA), with financing from the Global Environment Facility (GEF). In Costa Rica, more than 15,000 volunteer community water managers are engaged to secure the water supply to nearly 30% of the population. Often in steep, mountainous terrain, water pipes need to be installed above ground and sometimes across rivers. To make infrastructure more resilient, PVC pipes were replaced by polyethylene tubes, which are thicker, more flexible and more resistant. Hydrants were installed to attend to possible fires, meteorological stations were installed for better water availability forecasts and supporting existing watershed Early Warning systems. Communities were encouraged to take better care of their environment. Meters were installed in each home and users were subsequently charged by consumption, which reduced the overall water consumption. Capacity building for geolocating the water infrastructure was undertaken in order to facilitate monitoring and recovery operations in the future.

    Inter-agency contributions to disaster risk reduction and resilience building in 2023 further include IOM’s inputs on human mobility and climate change, and UNDRR’s partnership with Costa Rica’s National Commission for Risk Prevention and Emergency Response (CNE) and other national partners in carrying out a systemic risk assessment with the aim to inform risk governance and support efforts to ensure critical infrastructure resilience. More than 100 senior government officials, technical staff and practitioners worked together throughout 2023 to quantify risks associated with key hazards – such as floods and seismic events – across different sectors, including livelihoods, water and sanitation, energy and road infrastructure, schools, and health centres. This work helped the Government of Cost Rica to identify ways to safeguard public infrastructure and public services from future disaster risk. As a result of this thorough analysis, some 60% of Costa Rica’s critical road corridors, and a similar proportion of its bridges, were found to be vulnerable to flood risk – just one example of crucial information that will inform decisions about mitigation investments. Recommendations were formulated for enhancing the governance of strategic infrastructure such as electricity, hydrocarbons, roads and bridges, railroads, water and sanitation, health, education, and postal services. The integration of systemic risk analysis and the principles of infrastructure resilience into risk governance marks the inception of a transformative new stage in risk-informed and multistakeholder disaster risk reduction, empowering decision-makers with invaluable insights, fostering a paradigm shift towards risk-informed investment and robust multisectoral engagement.

    In September 2023, Costa Rica invited an inter-agency mission (with expert support from UNDP, IOM, UNOPS, UNHCR, UNDRR, UNFPA, UNICEF, and UNESCO) through the Capacity for Disaster Reduction Initiative (CADRI) to undertake a capacity assessment mission in Costa Rica. The aim of the mission was to provide actionable recommendations to assist the government in advancing its overall risk management agenda, with a particular focus on further enhancing cross-sectoral recovery efforts in line with the Sustainable Development Goals and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. The recommendations will serve as inputs for the development of the National Framework for Disaster Recovery, which is in the process of development under the leadership of the CNE with support from UNDP. The results and recommendations of the CADRI mission will further be reviewed by the United Nations Country Team with a view to identifying other actions where UN organizations may provide support to the national authorities in its disaster risk reduction and resilience building efforts.

    [1] United Nations Costa Rica (2022) Common Country Analysis

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  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Integrated approaches to addressing disaster, climate and environmental risks enable impactful UN support to building resilience in Tajikistan

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Tajikistan is faced with the frequent occurrence of natural hazards, with climate change further exacerbating their impacts. In 2023, avalanches, mudflows, earthquakes, rockfalls, landslides, floods and severe weather events cost 51 lives. They displaced and affected the lives and livelihoods of thousands of people, while causing an estimated economic damage of over 7 million USD. Risk reduction measures such as river bank protection and watershed management are reducing the number of people living in areas most exposed to natural hazards, with currently around 15,000 persons remaining in high-risk areas. [1] Annual economic losses from disasters can reach up to 1.3 percent of the country’s Gross Domestic Product.

    The Government of Tajikistan and United Nations organizations in Tajikistan take an integrated approach to the management of disaster, climate and environmental risks, which is reflected in the United Nations Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework 2023‐2026 and coordinated in the results group for Outcome 3. The United Nations Country Team in Tajikistan, under the leadership and convening role of the UN Resident Coordinator, are reinforcing the capacities of national institutions and actors to reduce disaster risk, supporting an all-of-society approach.United Nations organizations are supporting Tajikistan in strengthening the coordination of disaster risk reduction and related measures. Tajikistan’s National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction led by the Government of Tajikistan benefits from the support and active participation of a wide range of national and international stakeholders and partners.

    The Republic of Tajikistan’s National Strategy for Disaster Risk Reduction is aligned with the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and supported by the United Nations Country Team. An assessment of the strategy was carried out with the participation of the UNCT, academia and independent experts in 2021 and helped to identify priority areas and related tasks for its implementation, taking into account existing and emerging risks. In 2022, with UN support, Tajikistan conducted a Midterm Review of the implementation of the Sendai Framework in the country, which helped to identify Tajikistan’s achievements in disaster risk reduction and mainstreaming DRR into development, as well as gaps where greater engagement of all stakeholders is needed. Based on the identified priorities, the Government of Tajikistan actively engaged the UN Country Team in the development of the Midterm Programme and Action Plan for the National DRR Strategy implementation for the period 2023-2028. This joint work brought together all DRR activities that are being implemented and planned by national and international stakeholders in the country. The development and approval of the 3-year Action Plans allow for monitoring joint actions, making adjustments and introducing new measures based on needs, progress, and identified priorities. Also, Tajikistan’s disaster risk management system and its resilience to stress was assessed through a participatory approach. This joint initiative resulted in the development of an Action Plan to strengthen the capacity of the country’s disaster risk reduction system, which was endorsed by the National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction.

    In August 2023, the UN organizations in Tajikistan and the Government of Tajikistan launched the United Nations Secretary-General’s ‘Early Warnings for All’ Initiative (EW4All) to enhance disaster risk knowledge, detection, observation, monitoring, analysis, forecasting, dissemination, communication, preparedness and response under four interlinked pillars. The institutional mechanism of the initiative is anchored to the National Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction and ensures the involvement of all key government partners. Under the co-chairmanship of the Deputy Prime-Minister and the UN Resident Coordinator, the implementing pillar leads from UN Agencies (UNDRR, WMO, ITC), IFRC and government partners (Committee of Emergency Situations and Civil Defence, Committee of Environmental Protection, Agency of Hydrometeorology, Committee of Television and Radio, Communication Service) prepared a draft roadmap for 2024-2027 to ensure the initiative’s implementation. The draft roadmap has been discussed with participation of a wide range of participants at the national and local level and is to be endorsed in June 2024. It is expected to provide inclusive participation of all partners and secure adequate funding.

    In 2023, under Outcome 3 ‘Integrated management of climate and environmental risk’ of the Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework, the United Nations Country Team members in Tajikistan implemented community-based integrated solutions for sustainable and inclusive natural resource management, climate change adaptation and disaster risk reduction that have significantly improved the livelihoods of more than 67,000 vulnerable people. This included support to smallholder farmers, cash assistance for food-insecure households to build assets such as greenhouses and irrigation systems, the development of 14 watershed action plans, agreed actions to prevent water pollution from mine tailings, as well as ecosystem-based interventions.

    Also, the Rapid Emergency Assessment and Coordination Team (REACT) was refocused on promoting effective disaster preparedness, response and recovery with a new Statement of Common Understanding. At the national level, REACT is co-chaired by the Chairman of the Committee of Emergency Situations and Civil Defense of the Government of Tajikistan and the UN Resident Coordinator and comprises Sectoral Coordination Groups, Technical Working Groups, Regional REACTs, and Rapid Response Teams. Two simulation exercises were undertaken in 2023 – one focused on responding to emergencies involving large numbers of refugees, and one simulated the actions of local authorities, emergency personnel, and partners in coordinating evacuations to safe areas during emergencies. The workplan for 2024 comprises the coordination of emergency assessments and responses, preparedness, early actions and activities aligned with the Early Warnings for All initiative.

    Together with strengthening DRR coordination, the UN Country Team under the leadership of the RC supports the Government of Tajikistan and relevant agencies in ensuring a coherent link between DRR activities and emergency response. In order to comprehensively address these issues and develop necessary proposals and solutions, assistance is provided in organising periodic extended meetings of the National Platform for DRR and REACT.

    [1] Chairman of the Committee for Emergency Situations and Civil Defense Rustam Nazarzoda, reported in Asia Plus, 7 February 2024

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  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Mayor’s Office of (Alcaldia de) Guaranda

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Mission

    The mission of the Mayor’s Office of Guaranda, Sucre, is to plan the municipality’s socioeconomic advancement and manage its resources responsibly.

    The objective is for Guaranda to become a safe, environmentally sustainable municipality, producer and provider of goods and services.

    DRR activities

    Guaranda carries out disaster risk management, which includes knowledge, reduction and management of disasters, as included in Law 1523 of 2012, which adopts the national policy for disaster risk management and establishes the national system for disaster risk management in Colombia.

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  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Disaster losses and damages data

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Reviewing existing applications and use cases

    Data on disaster losses and damages is an essential basis for preparedness, effective response, recovery and reconstruction, the quantification and economic valuation of losses and damages, for understanding root causes and shifts in exposure and vulnerability, and to assess the risk of cascading events and impacts across multiple hazards.

    Not all countries, however, collect and use disaster data systematically and there are major disparities across countries regarding methods, coverage and system governance, creating barriers to effective risk management.

    The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR), United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and World Meteorological Organization (WMO) are jointly addressing this gap and developing an enhanced disaster tracking system for hazardous events and related losses and damages aimed at national users interested in upgrading and institutionalizing national disaster tracking systems.

    The report and life repository of case studies below explore current data applications and ways that stronger data collection and management could support better decision-making and informed action.

    Application areas for disaster losses and damages data

    1. Understanding risks

    While still a comparatively young science, hazard modelling has accelerated dramatically in recent years, in terms of the number of models developed, research budgets and expertise, granularity, quality and coverage. Impact information, vulnerability models and integrated assessments have not followed. As a result, the different drivers of vulnerability and, therefore, of underlying risk, remain hidden in plain sight.

    Disaster losses and damages data can make such drivers and hidden vulnerabilities visible. In addition, where solid foundations of exposure, vulnerability and capacity baseline data exist, they provide critical information on the cost of loss, i.e. the ratio of loss compared to total exposure. Disaster data must be collected consistently and over time for them to provide evidence of trends and inform longer-term planning. The importance of baseline information on exposure and vulnerability for risk modelling cannot be underestimated. While high quality is desirable, even modest improvements in increasing coverage, consistency and frequency of updating can go a long way. Combined with disaster losses and damages data information on pre-existing vulnerabilities becomes a powerful contribution to risk modelling and analysis.

    Case study: Understanding multidimensional vulnerability in Sri Lanka: combining disaster losses and damages data with national survey data

    In Sri Lanka, data collected as part of national citizen surveys provide a clear picture of the multiple dimensions of vulnerability and could directly inform hotspot, vulnerability and risk analysis (UNDP, Oxford Poverty and Human Development Initiative [OPHI] and Government of Sri Lanka, 2023 (c)). Analysed through the lens of the Multidimensional Vulnerability Index (MDVI) (UNDP, 2023 (a)), data from the surveys clearly highlight pre-existing vulnerabilities

    Combined with long-term records on the impact of disasters from their Desinventar-based national disaster losses and damages database, a disaggregated analysis makes apparent differences on vulnerability dimensions and their drivers providing useful insights for more in depth risk analysis.

    Recommendations to enhance the usability of disaster losses and damages data for risk analysis and modeling

    Disaster losses and damages data can provide a “real time” window on ongoing risk accumulation identifying new risk patterns and trends that should feedback into recalibrated risk information. Disaster data can illustrate changing patterns and trends that can be interpreted through qualitative analysis of the underlying risk drivers to explain the changes. Historical disaster data cannot replace risk analysis but can provide additional or substitute information to improve risk modelling for both short-term forecasting and longer-term climate impact assessments. Historic data is particularly useful for capturing frequently occurring, localized and small-scale events, such as local landslides or flash floods – often called extensive disaster events – where global risk models have limitations.

    Risk assessments are only useful if they are communicated in a manner that is meaningful to decision makers. While historical losses alone are not a good guide to the future, presenting data on actual (realized) losses and damages alongside more complex risk analysis can help in communicating risk effectively. Data on disaster losses and damage can contribute to improved modelling of existing as well as emerging or newly accelerating risks. To improve its usability, it is recommended to:

    • Strengthen disaggregated data collection and analysis both in terms of hazard type, geography, and sectoral impacts, as well as in regard to data sex, age, disability status, income levels, and other dimensions of differentiated exposure and vulnerability.
    • Enable georeferenced impact data collection to support the development of more accurate and replicable risk models.

    2. Preparedness, early warning and early action

    Hazardous event and disaster losses and damages data is critical in the design, development and monitoring of early warning systems and early action. By informing key components of multi hazard early warning systems (MHEWS) – as proposed in 1997 and later adopted by WMO, the United Nations and national governments – these systems and related anticipatory and early action can become impact-based.

    Case study: Impact-based forecasting for anticipatory action to typhoons in the Philippines

    To reduce the humanitarian impact of TC, both the Philippines Red Cross and United Nations OCHA Philippines have designed an agency-specific protocol, respectively in 2019 and 2021, which can be used to trigger early actions and release funding based on an impact-based forecasting model. Building on the Netherlands Red Cross 510 model, early actions (such as distributing house-strengthening kits) are pre-identified and triggered when the impact-based forecasting model indicates a pre-defined danger level is exceeded (with a lead time of 120 to 72 hours before landfall). The machine learning model consists of a classification and regression component and is trained on over 60 historical events.

    Recommendations to enhance the usability of disaster losses and damages data for preparedness, early warning and early action

    • Record losses and damages recorded along with the associated characteristics of the hazardous event (physical phenomena) to be able to link impacts to vulnerability, exposure and specific hazard intensity, characteristics and cascading events.
    • Enhance spatial resolution of damage records to enable training of machine learning models that could enhance resolution of predictions and allow impact-based forecasting model to achieve a higher performance.
    • Collect sector, geographic and population groups disaggregated impact information to be able to understand common disruptions to livelihood systems and services associated with recurrent hazards and to device and monitor effectiveness of early/ anticipatory actions.

    3. Disaster risk reduction financing

    Disaster losses and damages data are the backbone of any financing strategy and plan for preparedness, response, recovery or risk reduction. Without knowing what has been lost in the past and what is at stake in the present and future, the case for investment in risk management and even for contingency planning remains weak (UNDRR, 2013). National ministries of finance, regional financing institutions and multilateral development banks, as well as private-sector finance and insurance companies, all require data to underpin budgets, financing plans and funding proposals for priority sectors or systems

    Strategies for disaster risk reduction financing can look very different, depending on scale, risk context and financing sources. However, as states are insurers of last resort in disasters, it is increasingly important that they have ownership of the data that informs disaster financing strategies and lead the development of financing instruments, including insurance (Radu, 2022).

    Insurance mechanisms

    Methods from the insurance sector have been replicated across the public sector, from modelling approaches to estimations of disaster losses. A critical gap that both the private and public sectors face in developing financing strategies for disaster risk management, however, is the question of indirect and downstream costs, for example in the form of business disruption, cascading costs from power outages or disruption in water supply, etc.

    Case study: Using disaster data to calibrate parametric insurance in Manizales, Colombia.

    In Manizales, Colombia a disaster database registered a total of 1,149 local landslides, between March 2003 and August 2021. These events were classified according to the severity of their impacts on a D-Index using a scale from 1 – 10. A parameter called C5Max, was then established for a critical level of rainfall over 5 days, captured in selected meteorological stations, that could trigger landslides. The level of critical rainfall could then be associated with the severity of landslide impact. This enabled the prediction of expected landslide impacts once a given rainfall threshold was surpassed. In Manizales this was used for the development and calibration of a parametric insurance scheme to cover emergency response. However, the same approach could also be used in impact-based early warning.

    DRR Financing strategies

    Whereas the insurance industry usually employs fully developed risk estimation methods, including actuarial data from past disaster impact assessments, many public-sector institutions lack the resources and experience to undertake analysis based on systematic assessments of past events (UNDRR, 2023 (b)).

    As a result, many national disaster risk reduction financing strategies and risk management budgets rely on a weak evidence base and only a few use disaster loss data collected in the past as a critical input into their assessments (Radu, 2022; UNDRR, 2015; Climate Adapt, n.d.). Instead, estimates of financing needs often use financing commitments or humanitarian spending in previous disasters, rather than records of actual losses.

    Case study: Sri Lanka – disaster losses and damages data to identify financing needs in the agriculture sector

    In Sri Lanka, analysis of historical disaster losses in the infrastructure sector helped identify risk and potential financing gaps in the irrigation sector (see Figure 13a). The calculation of these historical costs provides the basis for modelled estimates of costs associated with damage from future disasters and the potential financing gap the Government of Sri Lanka may face (see Figure 13b).

    Recommendations to enhance applicability of disaster losses and damages data for disaster risk reduction financing

    • Improve the collection of sector-specific asset and service system (e.g. water distribution or electricity generation) disaggregated and georeferenced data to enhance the understanding on how specific parameters of hazardous events (e.g. water level, flow speeds, stagnation time) cause damage and dysfunction to different structures to better enable sector-specific catastrophic insurance products
    •  Ensure losses and damages data is recorded in a way that private vs public sector effects are accounted separately, understanding which losses are incurred by individuals, households and private sector versus those borne by public sector will be particularly helpful when devising risk reduction financing strategies for productive and infrastructure sectors.

    Disaggregated historical damage data solid baseline data on sector exposure, i.e. inventories of assets and production processes beyond the basic exposure data on buildings and people would enhance the evidence base to develop catastrophic insurance products.

    4. Risk-informed planning and development

    Disaster losses and damages data that is of good quality, geographical and temporal coverage, and consistency of metrics and indicators, can inform and enhance local assessments for sector-specific preparedness, response and recovery planning and beyond, risk-informed development and sector planning. Particularly relevant sectors in this regard are health and education, urban planning (including building and zoning regulations), agriculture and natural resources management, and basic infrastructure and services (transport, energy, waste, and drinking water).

    High-quality disaster losses and damages data with good geographical and temporal coverage and consistent metrics and indicators, can inform and enhance local assessments for sector-specific preparedness, response and recovery planning, as well as risk-informed development and sector planning.

    Case study: Planning resilient roads in Cambodia

    The Government of Cambodia has recognized that the transportation sector, vital for the country’s economic development, is regularly and severely affected by disaster impacts. Road damage and destruction from disasters is systematically collected and recorded and stored in the Cambodia Disaster Loss and Damage Information System (CamDi), national database managed by the National Committee on Disaster Management (NCDM). Baseline data is collected with details on all roads and related infrastructure and recorded together with disaster loss data, allowing for lost cost assessments, seasonal analysis, and analysis by region or specific location and by road or infrastructure type.

    Recommendations to enhance the usability of disaster losses and damages for risk-informed development

    • Sector and geographic disaggregated data recording and management would further enable the application of disaster losses and damages data for risk-informed policies, plans, budgets and actions
    • Consistent and institutionalized tracking of losses and damages with engagement of whole-of-government entities and following agreed definitions, metrics and standard would enable creating relevant time series of historic impact data required for enhancing relevance and applicability of data for risk-informed planning.
    • Application of disaster losses and damages data for risk-informed planning at multiple levels should be complemented by monitoring and evaluation frameworks and mechanisms that utilize same data elements to measure progress against targets and milestones.

    5. Reporting, benchmarking and progress monitoring

    Monitoring progress on resilience building

    Progress on climate change adaptation and action on losses and damages can be efficiently monitored, among other things, by maintaining consistent and granular impact records. Reducing losses and damage from hazardous events over time is the ultimate measurement of progress and the Sendai Framework specifies several indicators that all require disaster losses and damages quantification. Similarly, reporting against the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires disaster-related data, as 25 targets relate directly to disaster risk and to reducing the negative impacts of disasters).  The ongoing development of indicators to monitor the Global Goal on Adaptation targets contained in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) Framework for Global Climate Resilience will also benefit from the enhanced disaster tracking system, enabling monitoring of the reduction in losses and increase in resilience across several sectors (United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change [UNFCCC], 2023 (a)). Other national frameworks and processes, such as for Nationally Determined Contributions and National Adaptation Plans or Biennial Transparency Reports, can also draw on the enhanced tracking system to strengthen coherence in reporting (UNFCCC, n.d. (a); UNEP, n.d.; UNFCCC, n.d. (b)).

    Recommendations to enhance usability of disaster losses and damages data for monitoring, reporting and benchmarking progress.

    • Utilize globally agreed definitions and standards, such as the hazard classification and information profiles to organize database and tracking systems to further enable cross-cutting and regional benchmarking.
    View more case studies

    Related and further reading

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  • MIL-OSI United Nations: In the shadow of Mount Vesuvius

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    My first field trip of 2025 was to Naples, for a fascinating day and a half of visits to volcanic sites.

    In Naples, volcanoes are ever present in the public consciousness. From archival paintings dating from the 18th century to decorative art in restaurants and shops, Mount Vesuvius is the most iconic image of modern Naples.

    My Italian colleagues gave me a crash course on managing the city’s disaster risks – most notably the presence of a live volcano. I was treated to fascinating insights from volcanologists, seismologists, meteorologists, hydrologists, structural engineers, civil protection officers, psychologists, and risk communicators – including Chiara Cardaci from Italian Civil Protection and Mauro Di Vito, the director of the Italian National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV).

    Our detailed and interesting discussions taught me a lot about volcano risk. Here are my highlights:

    1. Every volcano has a unique personality.

    Not all volcanoes are iconic towering landmarks like Japan’s Mount Fuji, Indonesia’s Mount Merapi, Italy’s Mount Vesuvius, or the Philippines’ Mount Pinatubo. In Naples itself, the Campi Flegrei caldera may not look like it to an untrained visitor, but it is a very active volcanic site.

    Each volcano has a different style – some are explosive, and others erupt more slowly (“effusive” in volcanologists’ terminology). Some have a different character at different times – sometimes explosive, sometimes effusive. As a result, the hazard potential of every individual active volcano is quite unique.

    2. Early warning for volcanic eruptions is inherently challenging

    An effective early warning would require that we are able to predict and convey the time, location and nature of eruption at a volcanic site. But this is difficult – especially with sufficient lead time. Probabilistic risk assessments, however, are possible – so we can estimate the likelihood of eruption over 10 years, 50 years and so on. Scenarios can be developed for these likely eruptions.

    While the science of estimating volcanic risk is seated primarily in the domain of volcanology, it also draws on other disciplines: meteorology (to determine which way the wind will carry the volcanic ash), hydrology (to work out how the ground water could be affected), anthropology (to analyze how people may perceive and respond to risk), communication science (to determine the best way to communicate risk). For each scenario, preparedness plans for evacuation and other response measures need to be developed and practised.

    3. Ultimately it is human actions that increase or decrease risk

    The presence of people, capital assets, and economic activity (e.g. tourism, agriculture) around volcanic sites has steadily increased over the years, sometimes without attention to risk-sensitive land-use planning. Some of these areas are experiencing gradual uplift of the ground, a phenomenon known as bradyseism.

    Despite this, human settlements continue to grow – and even flourish – in these areas. This is a major driver of risk. In such areas, we must replan, redevelop and explore adaptive infrastructure that can be modified over time to suit the changing conditions and minimize the risks from seismic events

    4. Historic eruptions can present new risks

    Signatures of past eruptions are all around volcanic sites, and can become new hazards.

    For example, slopes around volcanic sites have ash deposits from eruptions that may have taken place centuries ago. Extreme rainfall on and around these slopes may cause large and sudden mudslides (lahars) with devastating consequences for nearby human settlements. To manage these risks, we need to adopt a multi-hazard approach.

    5. Volcanoes are resources as well as hazards

    Volcanic ash from previous eruptions often provides fertile soils for cultivation; many of the rocks around volcanic sites have excellent strength and geotechnical properties that are suitable as construction materials; volcanic sites offer great potential for geothermal energy; and many volcanic sites are picturesque, with fascinating geothermal activity, making them attractive tourist destinations.

    Because of these features, any human settlement around volcanic sites needs to be carefully managed to maximize the potential benefits and minimize the potential harm.

    The government and people of Italy set an inspiring example in their pursuit of disaster risk reduction. They have made long-term investment in continuous improvements of understanding disaster risk, communicating risk to the population, and co-creating risk management plans with all stakeholders.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Capital & Main

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Mission

    Capital & Main is an award-winning nonprofit publication whose mission is to educate the public on matters of importance such as economic inequality, climate change, health care, threats to democracy, hate and extremism and immigration. It produces investigative reporting, news features and analysis in California and across the country. Capital & Main’s stories are co-published in hundreds of media outlets, including The Guardian, USA Today, Fortune, Fast Company and Rolling Stone. 
     

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: School of Medicine and Public Health (University of Wisconsin-Madison)

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Mission

    The UW School of Medicine and Public Health strives to improve the health and well-being of people in Wisconsin and beyond.

    The school began offering a 2-year medical curriculum in 1907 and welcomed the first class of medical students for a comprehensive 4-year degree in 1925. In 2006, it became the nation’s first school of medicine and public health, integrating social, environmental, economic and public policy issues into our teaching, research, clinical care and community service missions.

    The School’s goal is to train health, public health and research professionals who think broadly as they seek to solve society’s most pressing health challenges.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Gender Advisor (Programme Management Officer), P-4, Bangkok

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Apply here

    Created in December 1999, the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) is the designated focal point in the United Nations system for the coordination of efforts to reduce disasters and to ensure synergies among the disaster reduction activities of the United Nations and regional organizations and activities in both developed and less developed countries. Led by the United Nations Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Disaster Risk Reduction (SRSG), UNDRR has over 150 staff located in its headquarters in Geneva, Switzerland, and in regional offices. Specifically, UNDRR guides, monitors, analyses and reports on progress in the implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, supports regional and national implementation of the Framework and catalyses action and increases global awareness to reduce disaster risk working with U.N. Member States and a broad range of partners and stakeholders, including civil society, the private sector, parliamentarians and the science and technology community. 

    The project position is located in the Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific of United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR), Bangkok. The incumbent reports to the Chief of Regional Office.

    Under the supervision and guidance of the Chief of Regional Office, the incumbent will be responsible for the following duties and responsibilities: 

    • Develops, implements and evaluates a regional program designed to enhance women’s leadership in disaster risk reduction in Asia-Pacific (WIN DRR), including liaising with relevant parties and ensuring follow-up actions, and supporting the expansion to other regions. This program will provide leadership skills training, expand networks and build partnerships to strengthen the role of women leaders in DRR. 
    • Facilitates and guides the integration of gender equality and disability inclusion into core UNDRR global processes, including strategic planning, programme management, resource mobilization, global and regional platforms, communications, staff training and partnerships. 
    • Leads UNDRR’s implementation of the Gender Action Plan to Support Implementation of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030, and initiates and coordinates outreach activities on gender-responsive DRR with UNDRR partners and stakeholder groups. 
    • Supports UNDRR’s commitment to, and implementation of, UN-wide gender initiatives and ensures appropriate reporting processes. 
    • Researches, analyzes and presents information related to inclusive disaster risk reduction, including gender equality, disability inclusion and human rights, gathered from diverse sources and provides recommendations to UNDRR SRSG, Director, management and staff to enhance inclusive and accessible DRR. 
    • Coordinates policy development related to gender equality, disability inclusion and human rights, including Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) and Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD), the review and analysis of issues and trends at the global and regional levels. 
    • Promotes sex, age and disability disaggregated data and supports the use of gender data to improve Sendai Framework Monitoring and evidence-based decision making that leaves no one behind. 
    • Contributes technical expert advice on gender, women’s leadership and DRR and represents UNDRR at regional and national meetings where needed. 
    • Organizes and prepares written outputs related to gender equality and women’s leadership, disability inclusion and human rights e.g. draft background papers, speeches, analysis, sections of reports and studies, inputs to publications, etc. 
    • Supervises staff and coordinates activities related to budget funding (programme/project preparation and submissions, progress reports, financial statements, etc.) and prepares related documents/reports (pledging, work programme, programme budget, etc.). 
    • Performs other duties as required.

    PROFESSIONALISM: Shows pride in work and in achievements; Demonstrates professional competence and mastery of subject matter; Is conscientious and efficient in meeting commitments, observing deadlines and achieving results; Is motivated by professional rather than personal concerns; Shows persistence when faced with difficult problems or challenges; Remains calm in stressful situations; Takes responsibility for incorporating gender perspectives and ensuring the equal participation of women and men in all areas of work. 

    ACCOUNTABILITY: Takes ownership of all responsibilities and honours commitments; Delivers outputs for which one has responsibility within prescribed time, cost and quality standards; Operates in compliance with organizational regulations and rules; Supports subordinates, provides oversight and takes responsibility for delegated assignments; Takes personal responsibility for his/her own shortcomings and those of the work unit, where applicable. 

    CREATIVITY: Actively seeks to improve programmes or services; offers new and different options to solve problems or meet client needs; promotes and persuades others to consider new ideas; takes calculated risks on new and unusual ideas; thinks “outside the box”; takes an interest in new ideas and new ways of doing things; is not bound by current thinking or traditional approaches.

    Advanced university degree (Master’s Degree or equivalent degree) in gender and women’s rights, development studies, social science or related humanities field, international relations, human rights, law, gender studies, or related area is required. A first-level university degree in combination with two additional years of qualifying experience may be accepted in lieu of the advanced university degree.

    Not available.

    A minimum of seven years of progressively responsible programme management experience in gender mainstreaming, women’s leadership and disability inclusion in disaster risk management, humanitarian response, or development programming is required. 

    Experience in conducting gender analysis is required. 

    At least two years of experience designing and managing large projects is required. 

    At least two years of experience working in international organizations such as the United Nations or other comparable organizations is required. 

    Experience in developing partnerships and collaborative networks is desirable.

    Experience in improving organizational systems and processes to strengthen gender results is desirable.

    English and French are the two working languages of the United Nations Secretariat. For this position, fluency in English is required. Knowledge of another UN official language is desirable.

    Evaluation of qualified candidates may include an assessment exercise which will be followed by competency-based interview.

    Special Notice

    This is a project post. The appointment against this project position is limited to the duration of the project. The appointment or assignment and renewal thereof are subject to the availability of the post or funds, budgetary approval or extension of the mandate. At the United Nations, the paramount consideration in the recruitment and employment of staff is the necessity of securing the highest standards of efficiency, competence and integrity, with due regard to geographic diversity. All employment decisions are made on the basis of qualifications and organizational needs. The United Nations is committed to creating a diverse and inclusive environment of mutual respect. The United Nations recruits and employs staff regardless of gender identity, sexual orientation, race, religious, cultural and ethnic backgrounds or disabilities. Reasonable accommodation for applicants with disabilities may be provided to support participation in the recruitment process when requested and indicated in the application. The United Nations Secretariat is committed to achieving 50/50 gender balance in its staff. Female candidates are strongly encouraged to apply for this position. In line with the overall United Nations policy, the UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction encourages a positive workplace culture which embraces inclusivity and leverages diversity within its workforce. Measures are applied to enable all staff members to contribute equally and fully to the work and development of the organization, including flexible working arrangements, family-friendly policies and standards of conduct. Staff members are subject to the authority of the Secretary-General and to assignment by him or her. In this context, all staff are expected to move periodically to new functions in their careers in accordance with established rules and procedures. Pursuant to section 7.11 of ST/AI/2012/2/Rev.1, candidates recruited through the young professionals programme who have not served for a minimum of two years in the position of their initial assignment are not eligible to apply to this position. Individual contractors and consultants who have worked within the UN Secretariat in the last six months, irrespective of the administering entity, are ineligible to apply for professional and higher, temporary or fixed-term positions and their applications will not be considered.

    United Nations Considerations

    According to article 101, paragraph 3, of the Charter of the United Nations, the paramount consideration in the employment of the staff is the necessity of securing the highest standards of efficiency, competence, and integrity. Candidates will not be considered for employment with the United Nations if they have committed violations of international human rights law, violations of international humanitarian law, sexual exploitation, sexual abuse, or sexual harassment, or if there are reasonable grounds to believe that they have been involved in the commission of any of these acts. The term “sexual exploitation” means any actual or attempted abuse of a position of vulnerability, differential power, or trust, for sexual purposes, including, but not limited to, profiting monetarily, socially or politically from the sexual exploitation of another. The term “sexual abuse” means the actual or threatened physical intrusion of a sexual nature, whether by force or under unequal or coercive conditions. The term “sexual harassment” means any unwelcome conduct of a sexual nature that might reasonably be expected or be perceived to cause offence or humiliation, when such conduct interferes with work, is made a condition of employment or creates an intimidating, hostile or offensive work environment, and when the gravity of the conduct warrants the termination of the perpetrator’s working relationship. Candidates who have committed crimes other than minor traffic offences may not be considered for employment. Due regard will be paid to the importance of recruiting the staff on as wide a geographical basis as possible. The United Nations places no restrictions on the eligibility of men and women to participate in any capacity and under conditions of equality in its principal and subsidiary organs. The United Nations Secretariat is a non-smoking environment. Reasonable accommodation may be provided to applicants with disabilities upon request, to support their participation in the recruitment process. By accepting a letter of appointment, staff members are subject to the authority of the Secretary-General, who may assign them to any of the activities or offices of the United Nations in accordance with staff regulation 1.2 (c). Further, staff members in the Professional and higher category up to and including the D-2 level and the Field Service category are normally required to move periodically to discharge functions in different duty stations under conditions established in ST/AI/2023/3 on Mobility, as may be amended or revised. This condition of service applies to all position specific job openings and does not apply to temporary positions. Applicants are urged to carefully follow all instructions available in the online recruitment platform, inspira, and to refer to the Applicant Guide by clicking on “Manuals” in the “Help” tile of the inspira account-holder homepage. The evaluation of applicants will be conducted on the basis of the information submitted in the application according to the evaluation criteria of the job opening and the applicable internal legislations of the United Nations including the Charter of the United Nations, resolutions of the General Assembly, the Staff Regulations and Rules, administrative issuances and guidelines. Applicants must provide complete and accurate information pertaining to their personal profile and qualifications according to the instructions provided in inspira to be considered for the current job opening. No amendment, addition, deletion, revision or modification shall be made to applications that have been submitted. Candidates under serious consideration for selection will be subject to reference checks to verify the information provided in the application. Job openings advertised on the Careers Portal will be removed at 11:59 p.m. (New York time) on the deadline date.

    No Fee

    THE UNITED NATIONS DOES NOT CHARGE A FEE AT ANY STAGE OF THE RECRUITMENT PROCESS (APPLICATION, INTERVIEW MEETING, PROCESSING, OR TRAINING). THE UNITED NATIONS DOES NOT CONCERN ITSELF WITH INFORMATION ON APPLICANTS’ BANK ACCOUNTS.

    Apply here

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Why earthquakes still matter

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    In the early hours of 6 February 2023, a 7.8 magnitude earthquake struck west-northwest of Gaziantep, Türkiye. Less than 10 hours later another shock measuring 7.7 shook the same area.

    The disaster took more than 60,000 human lives across southern and central Türkiye and northern and western Syria, causing catastrophic damages and suffering.

    In the aftermath, national and local authorities and communities have undertaken remarkable reconstruction efforts, setting new benchmarks for swift recovery and “build back better” principles.

    The upcoming World Resilient Recovery Conference – during the preparatory days of the 2025 Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction – will be an opportunity to learn from these experiences.

    Rising risks and built environments

    This earthquake was another reminder of the high risk of catastrophic losses from earthquakes.

    Hydro-meteorological disasters are increasing, keeping them in public policy focus. Earthquakes, however, get overlooked, even while they pose increasing risks, driven by expanding, unsafe built environment.

    The Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) estimated in its 2023 Biennial Report that nearly 30% of expected average annual losses globally are linked to earthquakes.

    There’s a much-repeated adage that goes “it is not earthquakes that kill people, it’s weak buildings and infrastructure that kill people.” And weak buildings and infrastructure – in other words unsafe built environments – are an outcome of social and economic processes characterized by low awareness (with low social demand for seismic safety), inadequate capabilities (not enough trained engineers, contractors and building artisans), low or no standards (inadequate seismic safety codes and building by-laws), and weak governance capacity (capability to enforce the adoption of seismic safety codes where they do exist).

    We have the know-how

    Our understanding of the physics of earthquakes has improved. We also understand how buildings and infrastructure respond to earthquakes, and we know how to make them safer. From designing a simple structure to a complex physical infrastructure, engineering knowledge is at an all-time high.

    Yet the risk of losses from earthquakes is rising in most seismic countries.

    But trend is not destiny. It can be arrested. It can be reversed.

    Four public policy approaches for seismic safety

    1) Take a long view, but start now.

    Every long journey starts with a first step. Our stock of unsafe buildings and infrastructure was accumulated over decades, and it is a daunting prospect to consider replacing and retrofitting them quickly. However, if each city and each village in every earthquake-prone region were to resolve to build every new building or infrastructure project to an earthquake-resistant standard, in just a decade we would be having a very different conversation. We need to redouble efforts to develop seismic building codes (where they don’t exist) and enforce them.

    For existing buildings and infrastructure, we need to develop shared priorities across communities, governments and the private sector to systematically retrofit and strengthen them. This prioritisation must be underpinned by a clear understanding of the risks, which is the first priority of the Sendai Framework.

    Disaster scenarios, such as those created by GeoHazards International can allow communities to visualize potential impacts and prioritize mitigation strategies effectively. Using whatever resources are available, we can strengthen one hospital, one school at a time. This will not only improve seismic safety but will also have other co-benefits in terms of enhanced awareness and better quality of built environment for everyday use.

    At the same time, we must find retrofitting solutions that are practical, that help prevent the catastrophic collapse of buildings, and that can be implemented at scale. To do this means creating a functioning market for retrofitting- nudged by regulation and fuelled by public sector investments such as advance market commitments.

    In Kathmandu Valley, Nepal’s National Society for Earthquake Technology (NSET) retrofitted 260 schools between 1997 and 2015. Of these, 160 were struck by the 2015 Gorkha earthquake, and all experienced, at worst, minor damages – while in other schools more than 25,000 classrooms were destroyed. We have ample proof that investments in retrofitting pay dividends – in avoided losses and in precious lives.

    However, these efforts are not easy – they require strengthening disaster risk governance at the local level in very tangible ways.

    Innovation is required not just in terms of new technologies but also in risk governance – such as Japan’s introduction of innovative systems after the 1995 Kobe earthquake, involving private sector enforcement of new, stricter codes that mandated retrofitting of older buildings.

    Another example is the innovative approach to owner-driven reconstruction taken by SEEDS India after the 2001 Gujarat earthquake and continuing through multiple seismic events. Their experience demonstrates that empowering homeowners and local masons leads to safe, sustainable, cost-effective, and culturally appropriate housing-achieved at scales and speeds unmatched by contractor-led programmes.

    2) Invest in capabilities at all levels.

    Shaping an earthquake-safe built environment requires capabilities in many disciplines and at all levels – urban planning, seismology, earthquake engineering, geotechnical engineering, enhancing disaster resistant construction skills of masons, bar benders, contractors and so on – and in many countries theses capacities are woefully inadequate.

    There is no short cut but to systematically invest in developing these capabilities, and to drive demand though regulation and certification.

    3) Treat every disaster as an opportunity to learn.

    As a fresh architecture graduate, I learned more from the 1991 Uttarkashi earthquake

    than from any textbook. Observing the performance of buildings and the mode of their failure under earthquake forces brought my theoretical lessons to life.

    We say that every disaster is too precious to waste: we must systematically collect data and undertake forensic analysis after every earthquake, so we can improve building codes and enforcement systems, launch awareness campaigns, and better understand the epidemiology of earthquakes. This involves setting up learning systems in our national and sub-national institutions.

    4) Foster public awareness.

    Maintaining awareness of less frequent but potentially devastating hazards is always a challenge.

    Again, there are no quick fixes. Building public awareness starts in the school (catch them young!) and over time can generate greater social demand for seismic safety.

    While we transform our built environment over the long term, in the short term we need to teach people how to manage risks. Awareness of simple protection measures – such as DROP, COVER and HOLD during an earthquake, and fixing non-structural elements like flowerpots on balconies, large cupboards in houses – goes a long way in protecting lives.

    The path to seismic safety is well established, with many proven success stories from countries and communities that have persevered to reduce earthquake risks enormously. The 1960 Chile earthquake, for example, was the largest earthquake ever recorded since the measurements began, and its impacts were catastrophic. Just 50 years later – in 2010, the same year that Haiti earthquake caused more than 200,000 deaths – Chile was struck once more, by 8.8 magnitude earthquake and tsunami. While 523 people tragically lost their lives, this is a fraction of the number that could have died had Chile not applied strict building codes during reconstruction.

    We need to follow their lead and make seismic safety a global movement. It is a long journey – but the first step must be taken now.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Clone of Regional Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction in the Arab Region 2024

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    The Arab region is at a critical juncture, facing an increasingly complex and interconnected risk landscape. Climate change, urbanization, and socio-economic disparities are exacerbating these challenges, requiring urgent and cohesive action. The need for an integrated approach to disaster risk reduction (DRR), climate change adaptation (CCA), and sustainable development has never been greater. Achieving this requires strong regional collaboration because the challenges we face do not respect borders.

    The 2024 Regional Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction (RAR) in the Arab Region sheds light on the complex interactions between different risks that have been made worse by systemic instability, conflict, and climate change. It also underscores the necessity for innovative strategies that address the multifaceted risks affecting our communities. Leading innovations that leverage technology and accelerate resilience-building are highlighted as key opportunities to enhance the region’s collective adaptive capacity.

    Significant progress has been made in implementing the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, despite the evolving challenges. Countries in the region have strengthened governance mechanisms, developed early warning systems, and promoted investment in DRR. The report highlights the importance of understanding systemic risk drivers—such as drought and resource scarcity—and the critical need to enhance institutional capacity to address these risks effectively.

    This report serves as a vital resource for governments, policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders committed to DRR and sustainable development. It calls for collaborative efforts to transform our understanding of risk into actionable strategies that prioritize community well-being and environmental sustainability. With strategic investments in early warning systems, risk-informed development, and climate adaptation, the Arab region has the potential to build a future where resilience and sustainability go hand in hand.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Regional Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction in the Arab Region 2024

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Regional Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction in the Arab Region 2024

    The Arab region is at a critical juncture, facing an increasingly complex and interconnected risk landscape. Climate change, urbanization, and socio-economic disparities are exacerbating these challenges, requiring urgent and cohesive action. The need for an integrated approach to disaster risk reduction (DRR), climate change adaptation (CCA), and sustainable development has never been greater. Achieving this requires strong regional collaboration because the challenges we face do not respect borders.

    The 2024 Regional Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction (RAR) in the Arab Region sheds light on the complex interactions between different risks that have been made worse by systemic instability, conflict, and climate change. It also underscores the necessity for innovative strategies that address the multifaceted risks affecting our communities. Leading innovations that leverage technology and accelerate resilience-building are highlighted as key opportunities to enhance the region’s collective adaptive capacity.

    This report was officially launched at the 6th Arab Regional Platform for DRR, themed ‘Building Resilient Arab Communities: From Understanding to Action.’ Hosted by the State of Kuwait and organized by the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction, in partnership with the League of Arab States.

    “This report serves as a vital resource for governments, policymakers, practitioners, and stakeholders committed to DRR and sustainable development. It calls for collaborative efforts to transform our understanding of risk into actionable strategies that prioritize community well-being and environmental sustainability. With strategic investments in early warning systems, risk-informed development, and climate adaptation, the Arab region has the potential to build a future where resilience and sustainability go hand in hand.”
    — Kamal Kishore, Special Representative of the United Nations Secretary-General for Disaster Risk Reduction, and Head of UNDRR

    Key findings

    Risk landscape in the Arab states

    The Arab region is facing escalating climate-related risks, with temperature increases accelerating at +0.5 °C/decade, exacerbating water scarcity, heat-related deaths, crop failures and extreme flooding. The principal risk drivers of the region are related to natural resources and institutional domains. Improved governance and rule of law are critical to mitigating these impacts and addressing the region’s interconnected risk landscape.

    Progress in Disaster Risk Reduction at the mid of the Sendai Framework implementation

    The Arab region has made progress in DRR since adopting the Sendai Framework in 2015, but efforts must be stepped up to address gaps in risk governance, preparedness and investment. To accelerate progress, the region needs to strengthen institutional frameworks, invest in DRR and promote climate resilience, gender-responsive DRR and inclusive governance.

    The impact of changing climate on systemic risk drivers: Drought as a Systemic Risk Driver

    The Arab region is highly vulnerable to drought, exacerbated by climate change, population growth and unsustainable water management practices. Droughts are projected to increase in frequency and intensity, threatening food security, social stability and economic development, highlighting the need for urgent action and proactive measures to build resilience. To address this challenge, governments and stakeholders must adopt data-driven decision-making, invest in innovative technologies, and promote collaborative water management practices. 

    The impact of changing climate on systemic risk drivers: Weak Capacity for Governance of Systemic Risk

    The Arab region’s capacity to govern systemic risks is weakened by fragile institutions, corruption and lack of trust in governments, exacerbating the impacts of climate change and disasters. Strengthening governance, transparency and accountability is critical to building resilience and effectively managing risks, and can be achieved through a holistic and integrated approach to climate change and DRR policies.

    Climate Change-Disaster-Human Mobility Nexus

    Climate change is exacerbating displacement and human mobility concerns across the Arab region, where fragile contexts and conflict intersect with disasters and environmental degradation. A climate security perspective is crucial to understanding these intertwined risks, and regional efforts must prioritize immediate disaster response, long-term resilience and sustainable development. Effective policies and strategies must address the root causes of vulnerability and prioritize the safety, dignity, and rights of affected populations.

    Gender Inequality and Women’s Empowerment: Addressing the Gap 

    Somalia’s women face disproportionate impacts from climate change, conflict and migration, exacerbating existing gender inequalities. To address these challenges, it is critical to adopt a transformative and intersectional approach, integrating women’s priorities into policy and programming, and promoting women’s leadership, capacity building and access to resources, to build resilient and inclusive communities.

    Emerging Health Challenges and Related Systemic Risks

    Climate change poses an urgent public health emergency, threatening human health and wellbeing globally and in the Arab region in particular. To mitigate these impacts, collaborative efforts are necessary, including strengthening healthcare infrastructure, establishing early warning systems, and promoting climate-resilient health systems. International cooperation and targeted actions are crucial to addressing the health impacts of climate change.

    Rural – Agricultural Risk with Rising Water Scarcity and Food Insecurity

    The Arab region’s agrifood systems face multiple, interconnected risks, including droughts, floods, sand and dust storms, transboundary plant and animal pests and diseases, conflicts, and economic shocks, which threaten food security and undermine development efforts. To address these challenges, an integrated multi-risk management approach is necessary, incorporating risk-informed planning, DRR and CCA. This requires coordinated efforts from policymakers, researchers and practitioners to enhance the resilience of farmers and agriculture-dependent communities.

    Implementation Considerations: People Centred Multi-Hazard Early Warning Systems

    Effective disaster management requires people-centred multi-hazard early warning systems (PCMHEWS) that prioritize community needs and engagement. The Arab region is vulnerable to climate-related hazards, and PCMHEWS can help reduce disaster risks. Leveraging digital technologies, community participation and inclusive communication channels is crucial for the success of PCMHEWS, ensuring timely and accurate warnings reach vulnerable populations.

    Implementation Considerations: Comprehensive risk management to tackle systemic risks

    Effective management of systemic risks requires comprehensive risk management (CRM) approaches that integrate DRR and CCA. The Arab region can foster policy coherence by enhancing strategic, conceptual, institutional, operational and financial coherence, ultimately driving sustainable development and inclusive growth.

    Implementation Considerations: Financing and de-risking investment

    Despite its natural advantages as a commerce hub, the region struggles to attract foreign investment. The League of Arab Nations (LAS) MA’AN Initiative towards DErisking investment offers a promising solution, promoting sustainable development and investment through regional cooperation. By addressing common challenges and promoting knowledge sharing, this initiative can help drive growth, job creation and energy transformation in the region.

    Conclusion and way forward

    • The focus of this RAR is on DRR in the context of climate change impact on systemic risks in the Arab region.
    • The Arab region may be on the brink of catastrophe, beset by a perfect storm of risks that imperil its very foundations, jeopardizing stability, development and the future of its people.
    • The principal drivers of risk in the Arab region are related to natural resources and institutions. Climate change increases the risk in both these areas, especially through rising water scarcity and a demanding need for institutions that can effectively tackle climate impacts.
    • These drivers are not isolated, but highly interwoven, thus increasing, cascading and compounding risks, which may lead to systemic failures in the Arab region.
    • Effective governance, characterized by transparency, accountability and inclusivity, is paramount in addressing these challenges and enhancing resilience across the Arab region.
    • Many cities and other areas in the Middle East might become uninhabitable before the century’s end.
    • The findings emphasize the need for innovative solutions and the adoption of multi-hazard, multi-sectoral approaches to resilience-building. This includes investing in risk-informed planning, enhancing data collection and analysis and harnessing cutting-edge technologies like artificial intelligence to drive predictive analytics, optimize decision-making and foster proactive resilience.
    • The path forward requires a collective commitment to addressing the root causes of vulnerability in the Arab region and fostering resilience in the face of uncertainty.
    • The recommendations of this report serve as a roadmap for policymakers and stakeholders to navigate the complexities of the region’s risk landscape.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: UNDRR Arab States unveil key findings of the Regional Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2024

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Kuwait City, 12 February 2025 – The United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction – Regional Office for Arab States (UNDRR ROAS) launched the key findings of the 2024 Regional Assessment Report (RAR) on Disaster Risk Reduction in the Arab Region during the Sixth Arab Regional Platform for DRR, convening policymakers, experts, and stakeholders to address the region’s evolving risk landscape.

    The RAR Arab States 2024 presents a comprehensive analysis of disaster risk in the Arab region, highlighting systemic risks driven by climate change, urbanization, water scarcity, and socio-economic vulnerabilities. The report underscores the interconnected nature of these risks and calls for urgent action to strengthen governance, enhance early warning systems, and invest in resilience-building measures.

    The findings reveal that the Arab region is increasingly exposed to climate-related risks, with prolonged droughts, heatwaves, and devastating floods becoming more frequent. Governance gaps continue to hinder effective disaster risk management, limiting the ability of institutions to coordinate responses and implement long-term strategies. The consequences of these vulnerabilities extend beyond environmental concerns; droughts, for example, act as a major threat multiplier, exacerbating conflicts over scarce water resources and intensifying socio-economic disparities. Climate change is also reshaping human mobility patterns, forcing displacement as communities struggle with extreme weather, resource shortages, and environmental degradation. Furthermore, the health impacts of climate change in the Arab region are becoming increasingly evident, with rising cases of heat-related illnesses, vector-borne diseases, and growing concerns over food security.

    The Arab region has made progress in disaster risk reduction since adopting the Sendai Framework in 2015, yet significant gaps remain in risk governance, preparedness, and investment. Strengthening institutional frameworks, scaling up DRR financing, and promoting climate resilience, gender-responsive policies, and inclusive governance are essential to accelerating progress

    Escalating Risks and Urgent Challenges

    The report conveys an urgent message: tackling systemic risks requires a paradigm shift. Policymakers must transition from reactive disaster response to a proactive approach centered on risk governance and climate adaptation. Strengthening early warning systems and anticipatory action mechanisms is crucial to mitigating the devastating effects of extreme weather events. Water scarcity, another pressing challenge, demands integrated management strategies to curb its cascading impact on food security, migration, and regional stability.

    The RAR 2024 underscores the importance of inclusivity in disaster risk reduction. Gender-responsive policies must be at the heart of DRR strategies to ensure that women, persons with disabilities, and marginalized communities are not disproportionately affected by disasters. At the same time, investment in local and national resilience-building initiatives is vital to fortifying the region’s ability to cope with future risks and uncertainties.

    The findings of the RAR 2024 paint a stark picture of the Arab region’s risk landscape – one where climate change, resource scarcity, and weak institutional capacities converge to create cascading and compounding threats. Without urgent action, the region may face systemic failures that jeopardize its stability, development, and the well-being of its people. However, the report also provides a pathway forward. By strengthening governance through transparency, accountability, and inclusivity, and by adopting innovative, multi-hazard approaches to risk management, the region can turn the tide. Investments in data-driven decision-making, predictive analytics, and cutting-edge technologies such as artificial intelligence will be crucial in navigating the uncertainties ahead. Multi-sectoral cooperation and increased financing for resilience will be essential in ensuring these efforts are effective and sustainable. 

    The recommendations outlined in this report serve as a strategic roadmap for policymakers, urging them to address the root causes of vulnerability and build resilience that is both proactive and sustainable. The future of the Arab region depends on the decisive actions taken today.

    The full Regional Assessment Report 2024 will be available on the UNDRR website soon, providing an in-depth exploration of the findings, key messages, and recommendations for strengthening disaster risk reduction in the Arab region.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Disaster Risk Reduction Financing Training Modules

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    The UNDRR training series on How to Design National Financing Frameworks for Disaster Risk Reduction (DRR) will build capacity and increase awareness on how to develop national financing frameworks that foster investments in DRR. The training modules are designed to help increase understanding of how to mobilize financing for DRR from different sources (i.e., public, private, and international) and perform investment gap analyses. This training series is designed using UNDRR’s financing approach for DRR that has been collaboratively developed with experts and government partners.

    Module 1: Five steps to disaster risk reduction financing  

    In this module, you will be introduced to UNDRR’s five-step approach to developing national financing frameworks. This comprehensive approach supports countries in assessing and developing financing solutions for disaster risk reduction that are suited to their local context and take into consideration public, private and international financing sources and mechanisms.

    Module 2: Understanding the Financial Impact of Disasters

    In this module, you will learn how to estimate both direct and indirect costs of disasters in a country using existing methodologies and tools to build the case for disaster risk reduction  investments.

    Module 3: Analyzing the Current Financial Landscape.

    In this module, you will learn how to assess existing flows of disaster risk reduction  financing from public, private, and international sources by budget tagging and tracking disaster risk reduction  and climate adaptation expenditures and conducting a financial landscape survey.

    Further reading

    Forecast-based financing

    An innovative approach to release funds for disaster preparedness and response according to predefined triggers before a crisis occurs.

    Business case for DRR

    These resources explore the economic, social and environmental dividends of investing in disaster risk reduction.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Inter-agency cooperation on climate change and resilience fosters better understanding of and preparedness for climate phenomena in the Latin America and the Caribbean region

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    The United Nations Regional Collaborative Platform (RCP) for Latin America and the Caribbean unites all UN entities working on sustainable development to ensure full collaboration and coordination of UN assets in addressing key challenges that transcend country borders. It provides policy support and access to expertise at the service of the specific needs and priorities of each region and in support of the work of Resident Coordinators and UN country teams at the country level. The RCP comprises 7 Issue-Based Coalitions (IBC) and Thematic Working Groups, and 6 Operational and Programmatic Working Groups.

    The Issue-Based Coalition on Climate Change and Resilience is a collaborative effort involving 22 UN entities, with UNDRR and UNEP leading the coalition. The primary goal of this Thematic Coalition is to facilitate a cohesive and synchronized implementation of global agendas, specifically focusing on the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), including the Paris Agreement, and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030. By promoting inter-agency coordination and accountability, the IBC seeks to strengthen the United Nations System’s collective efforts in addressing climate change, resilience, and disaster risk reduction at both regional and subregional levels in Latin America and the Caribbean.

    In 2023, in partnership with UNEP, the IBC on Climate Change and Resilience conducted a comprehensive series of capacity-building activities addressing key topics requested by the United Nations Country Teams/Resident Coordinators (UNCT/RCs) in the Latin America and the Caribbean region. These sessions, held from February to December of 2023, aimed to 1) enhance participants’ knowledge and capabilities in the domains of climate change and disaster risk reduction; 2) ensure the effective integration of DRR into the Common Country Analysis and the United Nations Sustainable Development Cooperation Framework; and to 3) provide support and guidance to country offices on how to systematically integrate Disaster Risk Reduction and Climate Change Adaptation with the principle of leaving no-one behind, economic impacts, and other relevant factors.

    In 2023, as El Niño impacts were expected towards the later part of the year, a webinar, reaching over 5,000 ,people was held on the Preparation for the Impact of the El Niño Event in Latin America. It aimed to provide information and tools to support decision-makers in the region in implementing urgent preventive measures across various levels and strategic sectors. A meeting with RCs and UNCTs was organized to follow up on the webinar, providing a platform for country offices to ask questions to IBC members regarding the El Niño event. After the webinar, a brief on El Niño in Latin America and the Caribbean was published, which forecast the El Niño impacts in the region and provided key recommendations to prepare for them. Based on the success of the webinar and forecasts, the IBC will be leading a WMO-facilitated session on La Niña events in the region in 2024.

    A series of six regional dialogues were held in preparation for COP28, with 5,800 participants between April and October 2023, gathering inputs to assist UN negotiators and country teams in Latin America and the Caribbean. The outcomes contributed to the preparations for the XXIII Forum of Ministers of Environment in October 2023. More than 20 side events were organized by two or more IBC members during the Regional Climate Week. After COP28, the IBC led a webinar with RCOs/UNCTs to discuss the implications of COP28 outcome for the Americas and the Caribbean.

    In February 2023, FAO, UNEP, UNDRR, and WMO, along with the participation of other IBC members and co-organized with DCO, presented to UN Country Teams (UNCTs) the Technical Brief on Wildfires developed in 2022 in response to the severe wildfire seasons of 2020 and 2021 in the Gran Chaco and Amazonia region. This agreed inter-agency approach on wildfires is based on the Sendai Framework. Uncontrolled fires significantly affected societies, economies, and the environment, and insufficient resources and technical capacities hindered effective mitigation measures, which highlighted the need for standardized international methodologies to record and analyze historical wildfires for informed policy and decision-making. The report will further be shared with key stakeholders and members states that have been impacted by wildfires.

    Pathways for sustainable development and policy coherence in the Caribbean region through comprehensive risk management is a study revealing that all sixteen Caribbean countries have achieved a partial level of coherence in aligning their national policies and plans with Sustainable Development Goals, Climate Change Adaptation, and Disaster Risk Reduction. The study was then followed up by a webinar attended by 350 participants, most importantly by RCOs/UNCTs of the Caribbean region in January of 2024.

    The regional brief Gender Mainstreaming in Climate Change, Resilience, and Disaster Risk Reduction aims to provide strategic information and tools for decision-makers, UN Resident Coordinators, and country teams, supporting coherent implementation of global agendas and enhancing coordination, accountability, and gender mainstreaming. Agencies that supported the development of the brief include UNEP, UNDRR, UNDP, OIT, UN Women, ECLAC, UNICEF, UNHCR, and IOM. For 2024, the launch of the brief is planned, accompanied by a webinar to present the brief to RCOs and UNCTs and other events.

    A regional brief on Energy Transitions in the Latin America and the Caribbean provided a concise overview of the current state of the energy sector in the LAC region, highlighting Greenhouse Gas Emissions, economic and social development, environmental commitments, investment trends, global dialogues prioritizing energy transitions, and identifies four key areas where the UN can influence and promote sustainable energy transitions. The brief was developed in collaboration with UNDRR, UNEP, ECLAC, FAO, ILO, IOM, OCHA, UNDP, UNESCO, UNFPA, UNICEF, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOPS, WFP, UNFCCC, UN Women, DCO, and presented to RCOs/UNCTs in December 2023. For 2024, meetings are planned to facilitate discussions on additional support needed.

    The strengthened interaction between the Issue-Based Coalition at the regional level and the RCOs/UNCTs in 2023 through webinars and the community of practice is expected to lead to an increase in requests for regional inter-agency collaboration within the scope to the IBC’s Terms of Reference going forward.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: What’s desertification? Experts hopeful devastating trend can be reversed

    Source: United Nations MIL OSI b

    Climate and Environment

    An area the size of Egypt, around 100 million hectares, of healthy and productive land is being degraded each year due to drought and desertification, which is being driven mainly by climate change and poor land management. 

    On 2 December, countries from around the world will meet in Riyadh under the auspices of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification, (UNCCD) to discuss how to turn the corner from degradation to regeneration.

    Here are five things you need to know about desertification and why the world needs to stop treating the planet like dirt to protect the productive land which supports life on Earth.

    No life without land

    It is perhaps to state the obvious, but without healthy land there can be no life. It feeds, clothes and shelters humanity.

    © UNEP/Florian Fussstetter

    A member of an indigenous group in the Amazon, in Brazil, works to reforest the land.

    It provides jobs, sustains livelihoods and is the bedrock of local, national and global economies. It helps to regulate climate and is essential for biodiversity.

    Despite its importance to life as we know it, up to 40 per cent of the world’s land is degraded, affecting around 3.2 billion people; that’s almost half of the global population.

    From deforested mountains in Haiti, to the gradual disappearance of Lake Chad in the Sahel and the drying up of productive lands in Georgia in eastern Europe, land degradation affects all parts of the world.

    It is not an exaggeration to say our very future is at stake if our land does not stay healthy.

    Degraded land

    Desertification, the process by which land is degraded in typically dry areas, results from various factors, including climatic variations and human activities, such as over-farming or deforestation.

    100 million hectares (or one million square kilometres), that’s the size of a country like Egypt, of healthy and productive land is lost each year.

    The soils on these lands which can take hundreds of years to form are being depleted, often by extreme weather.

    Droughts are hitting harder and more often, three out of four people in the world are projected to face water scarcity by 2050.

    Temperatures are increasing due to climate change further driving extreme weather events, including droughts and floods, adding to the challenge of keeping land productive.

    Land loss and climate

    There is clear evidence that land degradation is interconnected with broader environmental challenges like climate change.

    © World Bank/Andrea Borgarello

    A man looks across a desert in Mauritania.

    Land ecosystems absorb one-third of human CO2 emissions, the gas that is driving climate change. However, poor land management threatens this critical capacity, further compromising efforts to slow down the release of these harmful gasses.

    Deforestation, which contributes to desertification, is on the rise, with only 60 per cent of the world’s forests still intact, falling below what the UN calls the “safe target of 75 per cent.”

    What needs to be done? – the ‘moonshot moment’

    The good news is that humankind has the knowhow and power to bring land back to life, turning degradation into restoration.

    Robust economies and resilient communities can be cultivated as the impacts of devastating droughts and destructive floods are tackled.

    © UNCCD/Juan Pablo Zamora

    A community in Mexico comes together to work on improving their lands.

    Crucially, it is the people who depend on land who should have the biggest say in how decisions are made.

    UNCCD says that to “deliver a moonshot moment for land,” 1.5 billion hectares of degraded lands need to be restored by 2030.

    And this is happening already with farmers adopting new techniques in Burkina Faso, environmentalists in Uzbekistan planting trees to eliminate salt and dust emissions and activists protecting the Philippines capital, Manila, from extreme weather by regenerating natural barriers.

    What can be achieved in Riyadh

    Policy makers, experts, the private and civil society sectors as well as youth will come together in Riyadh with a series of goals, including:

    • Accelerate restoration of degraded land by 2030 and beyond
    • Boost resilience to intensifying droughts and sand and dust storms
    • Restore soil health and scale up nature-positive food production
    • Secure land rights and promote equity for sustainable land stewardship
    • Ensure that land continues to provide climate and biodiversity solutions
    • Unlock economic opportunities, including decent land-based jobs for youth

    Fast facts: The UN and desertification

    • Three decades ago, in 1994, 196 countries and the European Union signed up to the UN Convention to Combat Desertification or UNCCD.
    • The Conference of the Parties or COP is the main decision-making body of UNCCD.
    • UNCCD is the global voice for land where governments, businesses and civil society come together to discuss challenges and chart a sustainable future for land.
    • The 16th meeting of the COP (otherwise known as COP16) is taking place in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from 2-13 December.
    • UNCCD is one of three “Rio Conventions.” along with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Convention of Biological Diversity (CBD). These are outcomes of the historic 1992 Earth Summit held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Plastic pollution treaty negotiations adjourn in Busan, to resume next year

    Source: United Nations MIL OSI b

    By Vibhu Mishra

    Climate and Environment

    Countries negotiating a legally binding instrument on plastic pollution concluded their fifth session in the small hours of Monday in Busan, Republic of Korea, with plans to reconvene in 2025.

    Despite intense discussions, delegates recognised the need for more time to address divergent views and refine the treaty’s framework.

    The session, which began on November 25, brought together more than 3,300 participants, including representatives from over 170 nations and more than 440 observer organizations.

    Delegates agreed on a “Chair’s Text” prepared by Intergovernmental Negotiating Committee (INC) Chair, Ambassador Luis Vaya’s Valdivieso of Ecuador, which will serve as the basis for future negotiations.

    Clear and undeniable commitment

    Speaking at the session’s closing, Inger Andersen, Executive Director of the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), acknowledged the progress made while emphasising the challenges that remain.

    “The world’s commitment to ending plastic pollution is clear and undeniable. Here in Busan, talks have moved us closer to agreeing on a global legally binding treaty that will protect our health, our environment, and our future from the onslaught of plastic pollution,” she said.

    She highlighted that “good progress” was made in Busan, adding however that “persisting divergence” remains in key areas.

    “Negotiators have reached a greater degree of convergence on the structure and elements of the treaty text, as well as a better understanding of country positions and shared challenges. But it is clear there is persisting divergence in critical areas and more time is needed for these areas to be addressed.”

    The INC will resume discussions in 2025, with the venue yet to be announced.

    An ambitious mandate takes time

    INC Chair Vayas underscored that the INC Committee’s mandate “has always been ambitious”.

    “But ambition takes time to land. We have many of the elements that we need, and Busan has put us firmly on a pathway to success,” he said.

    “I call on all delegations to continue making paths, building bridges, and engaging in dialogue…let us always remember that our purpose is noble and urgent: to reverse and remedy the severe effects of plastic pollution on ecosystems and human health,”

    A pervasive problem

    Plastic pollution remains a major global challenge.

    Every day, the equivalent of 2,000 garbage trucks full of plastic are dumped into the world’s oceans, rivers and lakes, posing severe risks to wildlife and human health. Microplastics have been found in food, water, soil and even in human organs and placenta of newborn babies.

    The treaty, mandated by a 2022 UN Environment Assembly resolution, seeks to addresses the full life cycle of plastic, including its production, design and disposal, through an international legally binding instrument.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: The ‘slow onset, silent killer’: Droughts explained

    Source: United Nations MIL OSI b

    By Daniel Dickinson, Riyadh

    Climate and Environment

    Droughts across the world are intensifying and have become a “slow onset, silent killer” to which no country is immune, according to the UN’s most senior official working on desertification, drought and land restoration issues.

    Ibrahim Thiaw, the Executive Secretary of the UN Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) was speaking at the opening of COP16 a major global conference taking place in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, where a new global drought regime is expected to be agreed which will promote the shift from reactive relief response to proactive preparedness.

    Here’s what you need to know about droughts.

    Droughts are increasing in regularity and intensity

    Droughts are a natural phenomenon, but in recent decades have been intensified by climate change and unsustainable land practices. Their number has surged by nearly 30 per cent in frequency and intensity since 2000, threatening agriculture, water security, and the livelihoods of 1.8 billion people, with the poorest nations bearing the brunt.

    © World Bank/Arne Hoel

    Water availability is essential to prevent migration in places like western Nigeria.

    They can also lead to conflict over dwindling resources, including water, and the widespread displacement of people as they migrate towards more productive lands.

    No country is immune

    More than 30 countries declared drought emergencies in the past three years alone, from India and China, to high-income nations such as the US, Canada and Spain, as well as Uruguay, Southern Africa and even Indonesia.

    UN News/Daniel Dickinson

    A ship passes through the Panama Canal in Central America.

    Droughts impeded grain transportation in the Rhine River in Europe, disrupted international trade via the Panama Canal in Central America, and led to hydropower cuts in the South America country, Brazil, which depends on water for more than 60 per cent of its electricity supply.

    Firefighters were even called to an urban park in New York City, in the United States in wintry November 2024 to tackle a bush fire after weeks of no rainfall.

    “Droughts have expanded into new territories. No country is immune,” said UNCCD’s Ibrahim Thiaw adding that “by 2050, three in four people globally, up to seven and half billion people, will feel the impact of drought.”

    Domino effects

    Droughts are rarely confined to a specific place and time and are not simply due to a lack of rainfall but are often the result of a complicated set of events driven or amplified by climate change, as well as sometimes the mismanagement of land.

    For example, a hillside which is deforested is immediately degraded. The land will lose its resilience to extreme weather and will become more susceptible to both drought and flooding.

    And, once they strike, they can trigger a series of cataclysmic domino effects, supercharging heat waves and even floods, multiplying the risks to people’ s lives and livelihoods with long-lasting human, social and economic costs.

    As communities, economies, and ecosystems suffer the damaging effects of drought, their vulnerability is increased to the next one, feeding a vicious cycle of land degradation and underdevelopment.

    Drought is a development and a security issue

    Around 70 per cent of the world’s available freshwater is in the hands of people living off the land, most of them subsistence farmers in low-income countries with limited livelihood alternatives. Around 2.5 billion of them are youth.

    Without water there is no food and no land-based jobs, which can lead to forced migration, instability, and conflict.

    “Drought is not merely an environmental matter,” said Andrea Meza, UNCCD Deputy Executive Secretary. “Drought is a development and human security matter that we must urgently tackle from across all sectors and governance levels.”

    Planning for greater resilience      

    Droughts are also becoming harsher and faster due to human-induced climate change as well as land mismanagement and typically the global response to it is still reactive. More planning and adaption is required to build resilience to the extreme conditions created by dwindling supplies of water and this often happens at a local level.

    UN Haiti/Daniel Dickinson

    A beekeeper collects honey in southern Haiti.

    In Zimbabwe a youth-led grass-roots organization is aiming to regenerate land by planting one billion trees across the southern African country, while more farmers on the Caribbean island of Haiti are taking to bee-keeping; Bees feed off the trees, so there is an incentive for bee keepers to protect the trees from being cut down. In Mali, a young woman entrepreneur, is creating livelihoods and building resilience to drought by promoting the products of the moringa tree.

    Experts say proactive initiatives like these can prevent immense human suffering and is far cheaper than interventions focused on response and recovery.

    What next?

    At COP16 countries are coming together to agree how to collectively tackle worsening droughts and promote sustainable land management.

    Two key pieces of research were launched on the opening day.

    The World Drought Atlas depicts the systemic nature of drought risks illustrating how they are interconnected across sectors like energy, agriculture, river transport, and international trade and how they can trigger cascading effects, fueling inequalities and conflicts and threatening public health.

    The Drought Resilience Observatory is an AI-driven data platform for drought resilience created by the International Drought Resilience Alliance (IDRA), a UNCCD-hosted coalition of more than 70 countries and organizations committed to drought action.

    How much is it going to cost?

    One UN estimate suggests that investments totalling $2.6 trillion will be needed by 2030 to restore land across the world which is affected by drought and poor management.

    At COP16 an initial pledge of $2.15 billion was announced to finance the Riyadh Global Drought Resilience Partnership.

    It will serve as a global facilitator for drought resilience, promoting the shift from reactive relief response to proactive preparedness,” said Dr Osama Faqeeha, Deputy Minister for Environment, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture of Saudia Arabia, adding that “we also seek to amplify global resources to save lives and livelihoods around the world.”

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Cramer Questions Federal Reserve Chair Powell on Impact of Raising Bank Capital Requirements

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator Kevin Cramer (R-ND)
    Stressed the Necessity of Competition in the Banking System  
    ***Click here to download video. Click here for audio.***
    WASHINGTON, D.C. – The Senate Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs (Banking) Committee held a hearing on the Federal Reserve’s semiannual monetary report to Congress. Federal Reserve Chairman Jerome Powell testified before the committee.
    In July 2023, the Federal Reserve, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC), and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) announced proposed regulations to implement the final components of the Basel III agreement to raise bank capital requirements. The proposal was created to set the standards for capital reserves, liquidity, and leverage at financial institutions. Under the proposal, large banks will be mandated to transition to the new framework on July 1, with full compliance starting July 1, 2028.
    U.S. Senator Kevin Cramer (R-ND) questioned Powell on the necessity of advancing a new Basel III proposal, specifically in the context of regional and community banks.
    “Specifically, how would an updated regulation impact the ability of the regional banks to compete with the big Wall Street banks and what consideration should be taken into account to ensure that we have a competitive banking system,” asked Cramer. “For those of us who have largely regional banks, or the best of all of them community banks and credit unions, a competitive system is really important.”
    “My own view has been that our banks are well-capitalized and Basel III was not supposed to be an exercise in raising capital on U.S. banks,” responded Powell. “[…] In terms of your [regional banks], they don’t face the G-SIB [global systemically important banks] surcharges. They don’t face quite the burden that the large banks face on resolution planning and that sort of thing. So we need those banks to be healthy and profitable because we need them to compete with the G-SIBs. We don’t want a world where the G-SIBs just keep getting a bigger and bigger share of the economy. That’s not what we’re looking for.”
    [embedded content]
    Cramer followed up by asking Powell, if he could “think of anything specifically that ensures that competitive, diverse banking system is maintained rather than a consolidation? Whether it’s fewer community banks into more regional banks or fewer regional banks into more Wall Street banks?”
    “You think twice before you impose the kinds of things that we impose on the largest banks and the next to largest banks, you want to be careful not to just think we should do exactly the same thing [to regional and community banks],” concluded Powell. “What tends to happen is, so for smaller banks, it raises the fixed costs and it makes it harder to start new banks and it makes it harder for any but the largest to be successful. So that’s not what we want. We want a lot of competition and [for] these regionals it’s important that they thrive.”
    Following the introduction of the Basel III Endgame, Cramer has been vocal in his efforts to speak out about the misguided proposal. In January 2024, Cramer joined two letters citing concerns over the Basel III Endgame proposal’s impact on consumers and requesting the withdrawal of the proposal. Additionally, he cosigned a letter to highlight the impacts of proposed capital requirements for mortgage loans. Cramer also questioned Powell in a July 2024 hearing on the impacts it would have on electricity prices.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-Evening Report: Hamas report to mediators accuses Israel of pervasive Gaza ceasefire violations

    As Benjamin Netanyahu threatens to resume war, Hamas outlines widespread Israeli ceasefire violations in document sent to the mediators.

    By Jeremy Scahill and Sharif Abdel Kouddous of Dropsite News

    Hamas officials submitted a two-page report to mediators yesterday listing a wide range of Israeli violations of the Gaza ceasefire since the agreement went into effect on January 19 — including the killing of civilians, repeated ground and air incursions, the beating and humiliation of Palestinian captives during their release and the deportation of some without their consent, and the denial of humanitarian aid.

    Drop Site News obtained a copy of the report delivered to mediators from Qatar and Egypt.

    “Hamas is committed to the ceasefire agreement if the occupation is committed to the agreement,” Hamas said in a statement.

    “We confirm that the occupation is the party that did not abide by its commitments, and it bears responsibility for any complications or delays.”

    The move comes in response to accusations by US President Donald Trump and Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu that Hamas had violated the agreement, threatening a full resumption of the war — yet it was Israel’s nearly daily breaches of the deal that prompted Hamas to announce it would postpone the next release of Israeli captives.

    On Monday, Abu Obeida, the spokesperson for the Al Qassam Brigades, Hamas’s military wing, announced the next planned release of three Israeli captives, scheduled for Saturday, would be “postponed indefinitely”.

    Abu Obeida cited “delays in allowing displaced Palestinians to return to northern Gaza, targeting them with airstrikes and gunfire across various areas of the Strip, and failing to facilitate the entry of humanitarian aid as agreed”.

    Israel violating ceasefire agreement
    Hamas issued a statement soon afterwards reiterating that Israel was violating the agreement by blocking aid, attacking civilians, and restricting movement in Gaza, and warning that the next release of captives would be postponed until it complied.

    “By issuing this statement five full days ahead of the scheduled prisoner handover, Hamas aims to grant mediators sufficient time to pressure the occupation to fulfill its obligations,” the statement said.

    Three Israeli officials and two mediators speaking anonymously to The New York Times confirmed that Israel had not fulfilled its obligations to send humanitarian aid into Gaza. This fact was mentioned in the 9th paragraph of the Times story.

    In response, President Trump, on Monday told reporters that the ceasefire should be cancelled if Hamas did not release all the remaining captives it was holding in Gaza by midday Saturday, warning “all hell is going to break out”.

    Yesterday, Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu doubled down on Trump’s comments.

    “If Hamas does not return our hostages by Saturday noon,” Netanyahu said in a video statement, “the ceasefire will end, and the IDF will return to intense fighting until Hamas is finally defeated.”

    Netanyahu reportedly ordered the military to add more troops in and around Gaza to prepare for “every scenario” if the captives were not released.

    It was not immediately clear if he was referring to the three Israelis originally scheduled for release Saturday, all remaining captives, or all living Israelis slated for release in Phase 1.

    Document submitted to mediators
    The two-page document submitted by Hamas to mediators yesterday divided the violations into five separate categories: Field Violations, Prisoners, Humanitarian Aid, Denial of Essential Supplies, and Political Violations.

    Israel has repeatedly violated the ceasefire deal since it came into effect, targeting Palestinians in Gaza on an almost daily basis. The document outlines 269 “field violations” by the Israeli military, including the killing of 26 Palestinians and the wounding of 59 others.

    Page 1 of the Hamas report of ceasefire violations by Israel. Image: Hamas screenshot APR/DDN

    The number of people killed appears to be a dramatic undercount compared to the official toll documented by the Ministry of Health in Gaza.

    The Director-General of the Health Ministry, Dr Monir al-Barsh, announced separately yesterday that 92 Palestinians had been killed and 822 wounded in “direct targeting” by the Israeli military since January 19, when the ceasefire came into effect.

    The report also lists repeated ground incursions into Gaza beyond the designated buffer zone, particularly in the Philadelphi corridor — the 14km strip of land that runs along the border of Egypt.

    These incursions “were accompanied by gunfire and resulted in the deaths of citizens and the demolition of homes,” the report said.

    It also accused Israeli authorities of subjecting Palestinian captives to beatings and humiliation during their release, forcibly deporting released captives to Gaza without their coordination or consent, preventing families of deported prisoners from leaving the West Bank to join them, and delaying prisoner releases by several hours.

    The report also says that fewer than 25 fuel trucks per day have been allowed into Gaza, which is half of the allotted 50 fuel trucks per day, as outlined in the deal. The entry of commercial fuel was blocked entirely, the report says, again in violation of the agreement.

    Only 53,000 tents allowed
    Just over 53,000 tents were allowed into Gaza, the reports says, out of the 200,000 allotted and no mobile housing units out of the 60,000 agreed on.

    Heavy machinery for the removal of massive amounts of debris and retrieval of bodies was similarly blocked, with only four machines allowed in.

    Israel also blocked the entry of supplies to repair and operate the power plant and electrical grid, the report said.

    No medical supplies, ambulances have been allowed in and no equipment for civil defense teams. Meanwhile banks were not allowed to receive cash to replenish a severe currency shortage.

    The report ends on “Political Violations” criticising statements by the “Israeli Prime Minister and ministers openly calling for the expulsion of Gaza’s population, sending a clear message that the occupation does not wish to honour the agreement and aims to implement Trump’s plan to displace Gaza’s residents”.

    It also criticises the “deliberate delay” in starting the negotiations on Phase 2 of the ceasefire and “the introduction of impossible conditions.”

    A summary of the Israeli ceasefire violations. Image: QudsNews

    MIL OSI Analysis – EveningReport.nz –

  • MIL-OSI China: ‘Ne Zha 2’ merchandise flying off shelves

    Source: China State Council Information Office 3

    Sales are soaring for merchandise from the film “Ne Zha 2,” which recently became the sole Asian film listed in the world’s top 30 highest-grossing films of all time.

    As of Monday, the film’s box office has surpassed 8 billion yuan ($1.1 billion), making it a top player in global animated films and sparking a frenzy of offline merchandise purchases.

    Second-hand markets have seen the IP’s merch selling at several times their original price, with “Hard to find Ne Zha 2 items” becoming a hot topic on social media platforms.

    The colored papers and badges are produced by Guangdong Henglitai Crafts in Dongguan, Guangdong province.

    “We didn’t expect such a frenzy of offline purchases for Ne Zha 2 merchandise,” said Chen Qi, general manager of Guangdong Henglitai Crafts.

    When the company resumed operations after the Spring Festival holiday on Friday, the company’s client FunCrazy, the film’s official cooperation brand, placed an order for over 1 million sets of merchandise.

    “We are also concurrently working on designing new styles of such items to meet the growing market demand,” said Chen.

    The trendy toy company started with badge manufacturing and gradually became a renowned player covering global IPs.

    The company’s annual sales skyrocketed from 100 million yuan in 2022 to 300 million yuan in 2024, with its market share in China jumping from 20 percent to 70 percent.

    “The success of Ne Zha 2 proves that Chinese animation IPs can completely rival those of Japanese and American giants,” said Chen.

    The company plans to collaborate with brand partners to develop more peripheral characters while exploring new techniques such as metal sculpting and dynamic lighting effects, according to Chen.

    “A combination of high-quality content and manufacturing capability is the key to breaking new ground in the IP merchandise series,” he said.

    The popularity of Ne Zha 2 merchandise is attributed to the film’s impact and the exquisite craftsmanship of the manufacturing in Dongguan, according to Chen. “For example, our acrylic colored paper utilizes a silver spring fine flash technique, presenting the dynamic effects of movie scenes under different lighting conditions.”

    After receiving orders in October, the company delivered over 300,000 sets of products in early January, including acrylic cards, colored paper, fridge magnets, clips and transparent cards.

    “Brand partners are requesting restocks, so once we resume operations after the Spring Festival holiday, we ramp up production,” said Chen.

    MIL OSI China News –