Category: Business

  • MIL-OSI: TGS announces Q2 2025 results

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Financial highlights:

    • Multi-client revenues impacted by several library data purchases being postponed and low client commitment to ongoing projects
    • Challenging operational conditions for a large contract project and lower than expected JV partner participation for certain multi-client programs negatively affected contract revenues
    • Order inflow of USD 133 million during Q2 2025 – total order backlog of USD 425 million
    • Net cash flow of USD 11 million in Q2 2025, compared to USD -13 million in Q2 2024
    • Maintaining a stable dividend payment of USD 0.155 per share to be paid in Q3 2025
    • Gross operating costs for 2025 expected to be approximately USD 950 million compared to previous guidance of approximately USD 1,000 million – reduction driven by further efficiency gains and vessel scheduling

    “The Q2 2025 results were negatively impacted by several factors. End-of-quarter data licensing came in below expectations, with several data licensing deals being postponed. Further, we encountered challenging operational conditions on one of our streamer projects, negatively impacting revenue recognition. Finally, lower-than-expected partner participation in certain multi-client projects resulted in lower recognition of contract revenues and higher multi-client investments. The guidance for gross operating expenses has been reduced further, as we continue to review our cost base and optimize asset allocation. We are in the process of selling the Ramform Explorer and the Ramform Valiant, and stacking the Ramform Vanguard. Although significant macroeconomic uncertainty and high oil price volatility during Q2 caused our clients to be more cautious in the short term, the long-term need for more exploration remains intact. With falling remaining reserve life, many large E&P companies will face declining production rates unless more reserves are added and brought on stream. As a result, we remain optimistic for the long-term opportunities for TGS,says Kristian Johansen, CEO of TGS

      

    Management presentation

    CEO Kristian Johansen and CFO Sven Børre Larsen will present the results today at 09:00 a.m. CEST. The presentation is webcasted live. Access and registration for webcast attendees are available by copying and pasting the link below into your browser, or use the link on the front page of www.tgs.com:

    https://channel.royalcast.com/landingpage/hegnarmedia/20250717_2/

     A recorded version of the presentation will be available on TGS.com (http://www.tgs.com) after the live event.

    The Q2 2025 earnings release and presentation are available on www.newsweb.no and www.tgs.com.

    For more information, visit TGS.com (http://www.tgs.com) or contact:

     Bård Stenberg

    Vice President IR & Communication

    Tel: +47 992 45 235

    E-mail: investor@tgs.com

    About TGS

    TGS provides advanced data and intelligence to companies active in the energy sector. With leading-edge technology and solutions spanning the entire energy value chain, TGS offers a comprehensive range of insights to help clients make better decisions. Our broad range of products and advanced data technologies, coupled with a global, extensive and diverse energy data library, make TGS a trusted partner in supporting the exploration and production of energy resources worldwide. For further information, please visit www.tgs.com (https://www.tgs.com/).

    Forward Looking Statement

    All statements in this press release other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements, which are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict and are based upon assumptions as to future events that may not prove accurate. These factors include volatile market conditions, investment opportunities in new and existing markets, demand for licensing of data within the energy industry, operational challenges, and reliance on a cyclical industry and principal customers. Actual results may differ materially from those expected or projected in the forward- looking statements. TGS undertakes no responsibility or obligation to update or alter forward-looking statements for any reason.

    Attachments

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI: TGS announces Q2 2025 results

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Financial highlights:

    • Multi-client revenues impacted by several library data purchases being postponed and low client commitment to ongoing projects
    • Challenging operational conditions for a large contract project and lower than expected JV partner participation for certain multi-client programs negatively affected contract revenues
    • Order inflow of USD 133 million during Q2 2025 – total order backlog of USD 425 million
    • Net cash flow of USD 11 million in Q2 2025, compared to USD -13 million in Q2 2024
    • Maintaining a stable dividend payment of USD 0.155 per share to be paid in Q3 2025
    • Gross operating costs for 2025 expected to be approximately USD 950 million compared to previous guidance of approximately USD 1,000 million – reduction driven by further efficiency gains and vessel scheduling

    “The Q2 2025 results were negatively impacted by several factors. End-of-quarter data licensing came in below expectations, with several data licensing deals being postponed. Further, we encountered challenging operational conditions on one of our streamer projects, negatively impacting revenue recognition. Finally, lower-than-expected partner participation in certain multi-client projects resulted in lower recognition of contract revenues and higher multi-client investments. The guidance for gross operating expenses has been reduced further, as we continue to review our cost base and optimize asset allocation. We are in the process of selling the Ramform Explorer and the Ramform Valiant, and stacking the Ramform Vanguard. Although significant macroeconomic uncertainty and high oil price volatility during Q2 caused our clients to be more cautious in the short term, the long-term need for more exploration remains intact. With falling remaining reserve life, many large E&P companies will face declining production rates unless more reserves are added and brought on stream. As a result, we remain optimistic for the long-term opportunities for TGS,says Kristian Johansen, CEO of TGS

      

    Management presentation

    CEO Kristian Johansen and CFO Sven Børre Larsen will present the results today at 09:00 a.m. CEST. The presentation is webcasted live. Access and registration for webcast attendees are available by copying and pasting the link below into your browser, or use the link on the front page of www.tgs.com:

    https://channel.royalcast.com/landingpage/hegnarmedia/20250717_2/

     A recorded version of the presentation will be available on TGS.com (http://www.tgs.com) after the live event.

    The Q2 2025 earnings release and presentation are available on www.newsweb.no and www.tgs.com.

    For more information, visit TGS.com (http://www.tgs.com) or contact:

     Bård Stenberg

    Vice President IR & Communication

    Tel: +47 992 45 235

    E-mail: investor@tgs.com

    About TGS

    TGS provides advanced data and intelligence to companies active in the energy sector. With leading-edge technology and solutions spanning the entire energy value chain, TGS offers a comprehensive range of insights to help clients make better decisions. Our broad range of products and advanced data technologies, coupled with a global, extensive and diverse energy data library, make TGS a trusted partner in supporting the exploration and production of energy resources worldwide. For further information, please visit www.tgs.com (https://www.tgs.com/).

    Forward Looking Statement

    All statements in this press release other than statements of historical fact are forward-looking statements, which are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict and are based upon assumptions as to future events that may not prove accurate. These factors include volatile market conditions, investment opportunities in new and existing markets, demand for licensing of data within the energy industry, operational challenges, and reliance on a cyclical industry and principal customers. Actual results may differ materially from those expected or projected in the forward- looking statements. TGS undertakes no responsibility or obligation to update or alter forward-looking statements for any reason.

    Attachments

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Israel’s disregard for ICJ rulings undermines global governance, says Dangor

    Source: Government of South Africa

    Israel’s disregard for ICJ rulings undermines global governance, says Dangor

    Israel’s ongoing disregard for the rulings of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) undermines the integrity of the court and weakens the ability of global governance institutions to address impunity, says Zane Dangor, the Director-General of the Department of International Relations and Cooperation (DIRCO).

    Dangor was addressing the Emergency Conference of States, which is aimed at resolving what has been described as the genocide in Gaza. The Emergency Conference, jointly convened by Colombia and South Africa as co-chairs of The Hague Group, seeks to turn international condemnation into coordinated legal and diplomatic action.

    The meeting in Colombia’s capital, Bogotá, took place one year after the General Assembly passed a resolution affirming the ICJ advisory opinion that deemed Israel’s presence in the occupied Palestinian territories “unlawful.“

    “As the humanitarian situation in Gaza continues to deteriorate, we are witnessing continued and urgent calls from United Nations (UN) Member States and the international community for a ceasefire in Gaza. For too long, Israel has blatantly ignored orders from the ICJ in violation of international law.

    “Despite this, the impunity continues unabated,” Dangor said on Tuesday. 

    Dangor stressed that Israel continues with its violence against Palestinians, with forced evacuations and targeted attacks on schools and medical facilities being the order of the day. 

    To stop the bloodshed, the DG called for an immediate ceasefire and negotiations towards a just peace. 

    “A just peace requires justice, and this requires that international law must be respected.” 

    Dangor said the international community cannot claim that the importance of international law, including the UN Charter, applies in some circumstances but not in others.

    “We should not pick and choose which binding orders of the ICJ to abide by and which to set aside or simply ignore.”

    Dangor argued that allowing Israel to disregard court decisions and UN resolutions without repercussions undermines the integrity of international law, including international humanitarian law, as well as the organisations responsible for its enforcement.

    “This is unacceptable, and we should not be complicit in Israel’s endeavours to irreparably harm the institutions that were established to hold all of us accountable to the goals of a more peaceful and just world.” 

    Israel’s unlawful actions, Dangor said, are enabled when some seek to rationalise their actions. 

    “The crime of genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and the crime of apartheid are not complex; they are unlawful.

    “It is time to end the institutional impunity that Israel has enjoyed for over five decades.” 

    Dangor said the carnage seen in Palestine today is a testament to the “folly” of Israel’s grand exceptionalism from accountability to international law and norms.

    “As responsible Member States of the United Nations, it is our duty to ensure that the bloodshed and genocide in Gaza are stopped… now as we do not have the luxury of time.

    “The government of Israel must immediately halt the forced displacement of civilians in Gaza, which is causing untold suffering and trauma.” 

    Dangor is of the view that the Israeli government, as the occupying power, must uphold its obligations under international law and guarantee unimpeded access to humanitarian assistance, including healthcare and other essential services in the West Bank and Gaza.

    According to the DG, humanitarian support provided by Member States is regularly obstructed and destroyed by Israeli authorities or is being allowed to be destroyed by right-wing and extreme elements. 

    “We hope that today, we begin a journey wherein states from all regions, including those that were part of the Madrid meeting, join hands to end the ongoing genocide in Palestine and fora more just world.” – SAnews.gov.za

    Gabisile

    MIL OSI Africa

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Upcoming information session on Pillar Two

    Source: New places to play in Gungahlin

    Calling all multinational entities (MNEs) and tax advisers that may be in scope of the global and domestic minimum tax (Pillar Two).

    Join our Pillar Two information session on Friday 15 August from 11:00 am to 1:00 pm AEST.

    The session will provide an overview of the administrative and system aspects of the implementation of the Pillar Two measure in Australia. It’ll cover stakeholder and international engagement, guidance and system development, the design of the new domestic tax return form, lodgment obligations, key considerations for MNEs and available support.

    Don’t miss out on this opportunity to gain insights from experts and stay informed.

    Register for this sessionExternal Link now to secure a spot, as this session will not be recorded.

    Keep up to date

    Make sure to sign up to our Business bulletins newsletter to keep an eye out for additional future Pillar Two sessions. Read more articles in our online Business bulletins newsroom.

    Subscribe to our free:

    • fortnightly Business bulletins email newsletterExternal Link
    • email notifications about new and updated information on our website – you can choose to receive updates relevant to your situation. Choose the ‘Business and organisations’ category to ensure your subscription includes notifications for more Business bulletins newsroom articles like this one.

    MIL OSI News

  • G20 finance chiefs to meet under tariff cloud in South Africa

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    G20 finance chiefs will meet in South Africa on Thursday under the shadow of President Donald Trump’s tariff threats and questions over their ability to tackle global challenges together.

    The club, which came to fore as a forum for international cooperation to combat the global financial crisis, has for years been hobbled by disputes among key players exacerbated by Russia’s war in Ukraine and Western sanctions on Moscow.

    Host South Africa, under its presidency motto “Solidarity, Equality, Sustainability,” has aimed to promote an African agenda, with topics including the high cost of capital and funding for climate change action.

    The G20 aims to coordinate policies but its agreements are non-binding.

    U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent will not attend the two-day meeting of finance ministers and central bank governors in the coastal city of Durban, marking his second absence from a G20 event in South Africa this year.

    Bessent also skipped February’s Cape Town gathering, where several officials from China, Japan and Canada were also absent, even though Washington is due to assume the G20 rotating presidency at the end of the year.

    Michael Kaplan, U.S. acting undersecretary for international affairs, will represent Washington at the meetings.

    A G20 delegate, who asked not to be named, said Bessent’s absence was not ideal but that the United States was engaging in discussions on trade, the global economy and climate language.

    Finance ministers from India, France and Russia are also set to miss the Durban meeting.

    South Africa’s central bank governor Lesetja Kganyago said that representation was what mattered most.

    “What matters is, is there somebody with a mandate sitting behind the flag and are all countries represented with somebody sitting behind the flag?” Kganyago told Reuters.

    U.S. officials have said little publicly about their plans for the presidency next year, but one source familiar with the plans said Washington would reduce the number of non-financial working groups, and streamline the summit schedule.

    Brad Setser, a former U.S. official now at the Council on Foreign Relations, said he expected it to be “kind of a scaled-back G20 with less expectation of substantive outcomes.”

    ‘TURBULENT TIMES’

    Trump’s tariff policies have torn up the global trade rule book. With baseline levies of 10% on all U.S. imports and targeted rates as high as 50% on steel and aluminium, 25% on autos and potential levies on pharmaceuticals, extra tariffs on more than 20 countries are slated to take effect on August 1.

    His threat to impose further 10% tariffs on BRICS nations — of which eight are G20 members — has raised fears of fragmentation within global forums.

    German finance ministry sources said on Tuesday that the Durban meeting would seek to deepen global relationships in “turbulent times”.

    South Africa’s Treasury Director General Duncan Pieterse said the group nonetheless hoped to issue the first communique under the South African G20 presidency by the end of the meetings.

    The G20 was last able to take a mutually agreed stance to issue a communique in July of 2024, agreeing on the need to resist protectionism but making no mention of Russia’s invasion of Ukraine.

    (Reuters)

  • MIL-OSI: Lightchain AI Confirms Late July 2025 Mainnet Launch to Advance AI-Powered Blockchain Infrastructure

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    SHREWSBURY, United Kingdom, July 16, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Lightchain AI has officially announced that its mainnet will go live in late July 2025. This upcoming launch introduces a next-generation decentralized platform purpose-built to execute artificial intelligence tasks across a scalable, transparent, and community-driven blockchain network.

    Lightchain AI’s infrastructure is centered around two key components: the Artificial Intelligence Virtual Machine (AIVM) and the Proof of Intelligence (PoI) consensus mechanism. Together, these features allow participating nodes to process AI model training and inference tasks in real time, rewarding them with native tokens based on verifiable contributions.

    By repurposing blockchain energy use toward useful, privacy-preserving computations, the protocol sets a new precedent for how decentralized networks can support intelligent applications while maintaining sustainability and performance.

    “We’re proud to confirm the late July mainnet launch of Lightchain AI,” said a project spokesperson. “This marks a major milestone toward building a decentralized framework where AI execution is both efficient and secure, and where developers can bring meaningful use cases to life.”

    Key components of the Lightchain AI ecosystem include:

    • Proof of Intelligence (PoI): A new consensus model that verifies and rewards AI-based computations
    • Artificial Intelligence Virtual Machine (AIVM): Executes decentralized AI tasks using federated learning and zero-knowledge proofs
    • Gas Optimization: Dynamically adjusts fees based on task complexity and network activity
    • Developer Resources: APIs, SDKs, and a public GitHub repository (to be released post-launch)
    • Scalability Solutions: Native support for sharding and Layer 2 integrations
    • Incentive Program: $150,000 grant fund to support development of oracles, data tools, and dApps

    Lightchain AI completed 15 presale stages and raised $21.1 million in early participation. A Bonus Round remains active at a fixed price of $0.007, available through the official platform using ETH or USDT.

    Following the mainnet launch, the team will begin onboarding validators and contributors, while continuing to expand technical documentation and community governance resources. The roadmap also includes support for cross-chain integrations, additional performance enhancements, and ecosystem partnerships aimed at increasing adoption across AI and Web3 communities.

    The upcoming launch invites developers, researchers, and early adopters to participate in shaping the future of decentralized AI and explore new applications powered by transparent infrastructure.

    For more details and to join the Bonus Round:

    For more information and ongoing updates, visit:
    https://lightchain.ai
    Whitepaper
    Twitter/X
    Telegram

    Contact:
    SHAJAN SKARIA
    media@lightchain.ai

    Disclaimer: This content is provided by Lightchain AI. The statements, views, and opinions expressed in this content are solely those of the content provider and do not necessarily reflect the views of this media platform or its publisher. We do not endorse, verify, or guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of any information presented. We do not guarantee any claims, statements, or promises made in this article. This content is for informational purposes only and should not be considered financial, investment, or trading advice.Investing in crypto and mining-related opportunities involves significant risks, including the potential loss of capital. It is possible to lose all your capital. These products may not be suitable for everyone, and you should ensure that you understand the risks involved. Seek independent advice if necessary. Speculate only with funds that you can afford to lose. Readers are strongly encouraged to conduct their own research and consult with a qualified financial advisor before making any investment decisions. However, due to the inherently speculative nature of the blockchain sector—including cryptocurrency, NFTs, and mining—complete accuracy cannot always be guaranteed.Neither the media platform nor the publisher shall be held responsible for any fraudulent activities, misrepresentations, or financial losses arising from the content of this press release. In the event of any legal claims or charges against this article, we accept no liability or responsibility.Globenewswire does not endorse any content on this page.

    Legal Disclaimer: This media platform provides the content of this article on an “as-is” basis, without any warranties or representations of any kind, express or implied. We assume no responsibility for any inaccuracies, errors, or omissions. We do not assume any responsibility or liability for the accuracy, content, images, videos, licenses, completeness, legality, or reliability of the information presented herein. Any concerns, complaints, or copyright issues related to this article should be directed to the content provider mentioned above.

    A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/e84d2723-061e-4f7c-9253-2ef3537ee495

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI: Bitget Joins Ondo’s Global Markets Alliance to Expand Global Access to Over Hundred Tokenized RWAs

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    VICTORIA, Seychelles, July 17, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Bitget, the leading cryptocurrency exchange and Web3 company, has officially joined the Global Markets Alliance, a collaborative initiative designed to align industry standards and promote interoperability for tokenized securities by Ondo Finance. This alliance brings together top players across the digital asset ecosystem to accelerate the adoption and accessibility of tokenized real-world assets (RWAs), including tokenized stocks, ETFs, and more.

    As part of this partnership, Bitget users will soon be able to access over 100 tokenized U.S. equities, ETFs, and money market funds, expanding their investment universe beyond traditional crypto assets. The new offerings will go live on Bitget later this summer, aligning with the platform’s vision of enabling users to trade smarter and build diversified, resilient portfolios across varied markets.

    Tokenized RWAs are an emerging segment in digital assets, created by the fusion of traditional finance and blockchain technology. By wrapping real-world assets, like equities, into blockchain-based tokens, they allow for 24/7 trading, lower barriers to entry, fractional ownership, and global accessibility. Features that are often limited or entirely unavailable in traditional financial systems are widely utilized.

    “Tokenization will be the major driver of the next phase of digital asset adoption, its market is projected to reach trillions of dollars in the coming years. Supporting tokenized stocks is a step closer to our goal to help users trade smarter,” said Gracy Chen, CEO at Bitget. “Through our partnership with Ondo and the Global Markets Alliance, we’re contributing to a more global, liquid, accessible, and inclusive financial market.”

    Ondo’s Global Markets Alliance was created to bring together trusted infrastructure partners, exchanges, custodians, and DeFi platforms to unlock borderless access to high-quality financial products. Its mission is to build a more open, inclusive, and interoperable financial system powered by tokenized assets. Founding members of the alliance include industry leaders such as Solana Foundation, LayerZero, Jupiter, Trust Wallet, Rainbow Wallet, BitGo, Fireblocks, 1inch, Alpaca, and now Bitget, among others.

    “Bringing Ondo’s tokenized stocks and ETFs to Bitget will represent a significant step forward in our mission to make global financial markets accessible onchain. Bitget’s expansive user base will become a critical platform for onchain access to US equities as we continue building the infrastructure for institutional-grade onchain capital markets.” — Nathan Allman, CEO & Founder, Ondo Finance

    With over 700 tokens listed and daily trading volume surpassing 3.5 billion USDT, Bitget ranks as the third-largest spot exchange globally according to CoinGecko. The addition of tokenized stocks and ETFs enable Bitget as an extensive ecosystem of crypto products, helping users navigate both digital and traditional assets.

    About Bitget

    Established in 2018, Bitget is the world’s leading cryptocurrency exchange and Web3 company. Serving over 120 million users in 150+ countries and regions, the Bitget exchange is committed to helping users trade smarter with its pioneering copy trading feature and other trading solutions, while offering real-time access to Bitcoin price, Ethereum price, and other cryptocurrency prices. Formerly known as BitKeep, Bitget Wallet is a leading non-custodial crypto wallet supporting 130+ blockchains and millions of tokens. It offers multi-chain trading, staking, payments, and direct access to 20,000+ DApps, with advanced swaps and market insights built into a single platform.

    Bitget is driving crypto adoption through strategic partnerships, such as its role as the Official Crypto Partner of the World’s Top Football League, LALIGA, in EASTERN, SEA and LATAM markets, as well as a global partner of Turkish National athletes Buse Tosun Çavuşoğlu (Wrestling world champion), Samet Gümüş (Boxing gold medalist) and İlkin Aydın (Volleyball national team), to inspire the global community to embrace the future of cryptocurrency. Aligned with its global impact strategy, Bitget has joined hands with UNICEF to support blockchain education for 1.1 million people by 2027. In the world of motorsports, Bitget is the exclusive cryptocurrency exchange partner of MotoGP™, one of the world’s most thrilling championships.

    For more information, visit: Website | Twitter | Telegram | LinkedIn | Discord | Bitget Wallet
    For media inquiries, please contact: media@bitget.com

    Risk Warning: Digital asset prices are subject to fluctuation and may experience significant volatility. Investors are advised to only allocate funds they can afford to lose. The value of any investment may be impacted, and there is a possibility that financial objectives may not be met, nor the principal investment recovered. Independent financial advice should always be sought, and personal financial experience and standing carefully considered. Past performance is not a reliable indicator of future results. Bitget accepts no liability for any potential losses incurred. Nothing contained herein should be construed as financial advice. For further information, please refer to our Terms of Use.

    A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/ae0898b9-37f8-4bb9-be24-7ad71464ce89

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI Banking: Money Market Operations as on July 16, 2025

    Source: Reserve Bank of India


    (Amount in ₹ crore, Rate in Per cent)

      Volume
    (One Leg)
    Weighted
    Average Rate
    Range
    A. Overnight Segment (I+II+III+IV) 5,91,245.23 5.30 3.00-6.55
         I. Call Money 19,774.73 5.36 4.75-5.45
         II. Triparty Repo 3,84,694.90 5.28 5.25-5.34
         III. Market Repo 1,84,341.05 5.34 3.00-5.90
         IV. Repo in Corporate Bond 2,434.55 5.50 5.42-6.55
    B. Term Segment      
         I. Notice Money** 168.00 5.28 4.90-5.35
         II. Term Money@@ 1,030.00 5.50-6.47
         III. Triparty Repo 1,393.20 5.31 5.28-5.38
         IV. Market Repo 284.77 5.45 5.45-5.45
         V. Repo in Corporate Bond 0.00
      Auction Date Tenor (Days) Maturity Date Amount Current Rate /
    Cut off Rate
    C. Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF), Marginal Standing Facility (MSF) & Standing Deposit Facility (SDF)
    I. Today’s Operations
    1. Fixed Rate          
    2. Variable Rate&          
      (I) Main Operation          
         (a) Repo          
         (b) Reverse Repo          
      (II) Fine Tuning Operations          
         (a) Repo          
         (b) Reverse Repo          
    3. MSF# Wed, 16/07/2025 1 Thu, 17/07/2025 879.00 5.75
    4. SDFΔ# Wed, 16/07/2025 1 Thu, 17/07/2025 1,09,064.00 5.25
    5. Net liquidity injected from today’s operations [injection (+)/absorption (-)]*       -1,08,185.00  
    II. Outstanding Operations
    1. Fixed Rate          
    2. Variable Rate&          
      (I) Main Operation          
         (a) Repo          
         (b) Reverse Repo          
      (II) Fine Tuning Operations          
         (a) Repo          
         (b) Reverse Repo Tue, 15/07/2025 3 Fri, 18/07/2025 57,450.00 5.49
      Fri, 11/07/2025 7 Fri, 18/07/2025 1,51,633.00 5.49
    3. MSF#          
    4. SDFΔ#          
    D. Standing Liquidity Facility (SLF) Availed from RBI$       5,862.63  
    E. Net liquidity injected from outstanding operations [injection (+)/absorption (-)]*     -2,03,220.37  
    F. Net liquidity injected (outstanding including today’s operations) [injection (+)/absorption (-)]*     -3,11,405.37  
    G. Cash Reserves Position of Scheduled Commercial Banks          
         (i) Cash balances with RBI as on July 16, 2025 9,60,845.52  
         (ii) Average daily cash reserve requirement for the fortnight ending July 25, 2025 9,63,288.00  
    H. Government of India Surplus Cash Balance Reckoned for Auction as on¥ July 16, 2025 0.00  
    I. Net durable liquidity [surplus (+)/deficit (-)] as on June 27, 2025 5,79,904.00  

    @ Based on Reserve Bank of India (RBI) / Clearing Corporation of India Limited (CCIL).

    – Not Applicable / No Transaction.

    ** Relates to uncollateralized transactions of 2 to 14 days tenor.

    @@ Relates to uncollateralized transactions of 15 days to one year tenor.

    $ Includes refinance facilities extended by RBI.

    * Net liquidity is calculated as Repo+MSF+SLF-Reverse Repo-SDF.

    Ajit Prasad          
    Deputy General Manager
    (Communications)    

    Press Release: 2025-2026/727

    MIL OSI Global Banks

  • MIL-OSI Banking: ADB’s New Operating Model Offers Opportunity to Accelerate Change, but Greater Clarity and Responsiveness Needed: Independent Evaluation Report

    Source: Asia Development Bank

    Ambitious reforms introduced through ADB’s New Operating Model show promise in enhancing cross-regional collaboration and country-focused operations. However, clearer communication, streamlined processes, and a more inclusive approach to implementation are essential for the reform to succeed, according to a new evaluation by ADB’s Independent Evaluation Department.

    MIL OSI Global Banks

  • MIL-Evening Report: Australia got off on a technicality for its climate inaction. But there are plenty more judgement days to come

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Wesley Morgan, Research Associate, Institute for Climate Risk and Response, UNSW Sydney

    This week, the Federal Court found the Australian government has no legal duty to protect Torres Strait Islanders from climate change. The ruling was disappointing, but it’s not the end of the matter.

    The plaintiffs, Uncle Paul Kabai and Uncle Pabai Pabai, hail from the low-lying islands of Saibai and Boigu, near Papua New Guinea. They argued the Commonwealth was negligent for failing to take strong action on climate change.

    While the judge accepted the devastating effects climate change has wrought on the Torres Strait Islands, he found the Uncles did not prove their case of negligence.

    However, the judge found previous Australian governments had not taken the best available science into account when setting emissions reduction targets. The finding tightens the screws on the Albanese government, which is due to announce Australia’s long-awaited targets to cut emissions out to 2035.

    To protect communities in the Torres Strait, and across Australia, the government must set a 2035 target that is in line with the science.

    And the court finding is unlikely to stem the tide of litigation seeking greater government accountability for climate change – especially for those most vulnerable to its harms.

    Limitations of Australian law

    The Uncles’ case did not fail because there was no merit in their allegations. It failed because Justice Michael Wigney ruled negligence law was not the appropriate vehicle to deal with climate change policy.

    Justice Wigney found the Torres Strait Islanders proved much of their case, including that Australia’s emissions targets set in 2015, 2020 and 2021 were not consistent with the best available science. That science dictates national governments should set emissions reduction targets in line with international efforts to hold global temperature rise to 1.5°C.

    The Coalition was in power during the period in question. Justice Wigney found the government of the day “did not engage with or give real or genuine consideration to the best available science” when setting its targets.

    Looking ahead to our 2035 targets

    The Labor government is currently weighing its 2035 emissions reduction target. The Climate Change Authority, which provides independent advice to government on climate policy, is expected to recommend a target between 65% and 75%.

    But evidence suggests this may not be in line with the best available science.

    For example, according to some scientists, emissions reduction of 90% by 2035, based on 2005 levels, would be required to stay in line with the 1.5°C goal.

    Australia’s 2035 targets are not just crucial to the global effort to tackle climate change. They will also affect our standing in the Pacific at a time of deepening geostrategic competition.

    Australia is bidding to host the UN climate talks next year in partnership with Pacific island countries. Our climate policy for the decade ahead will be a powerful signal to our Pacific neighbours about our commitment to the region, and to climate justice.

    A shifting legal landscape

    Tuesday’s court finding left open the possibility an appeal court may revisit the state of the law, and recognise the duty of care claimed by the Uncles.

    This would require an appeal to the full court of the Federal Court. Wigney was a single judge and considered himself bound by past precedent set by the full court.

    Around the world, courts and human rights bodies are holding governments accountable for climate inaction. It is possible for Australian law to do the same.

    International courts and human rights bodies are holding governments accountable for climate inaction.
    Sjoerd van der Wal/Getty Images

    Courts in the Netherlands and Belgium, for example, have recognised government duties to heed the science to address foreseeable harms of climate change.

    Next week, the International Court of Justice – the world’s highest court – will issue an historic legal opinion on the obligations of nations to tackle climate change.

    This opinion will clarify the obligations of countries to prevent human rights harms caused by climate change, and to limit pollution of the Earth’s oceans and climate system. The opinion will be non-binding, but could influence future climate litigation.

    What’s more, attribution science is improving all the time. This field of science examines how greenhouse gas emissions affect a particular weather event or climate pattern.

    Clearer attribution science will provide courts an ever-stronger basis to consider how government policy decisions on emissions cause climate impacts – and resulting harms to people.

    As the legal responsibilities of governments are clarified, further strategic litigation in Australia is likely.

    Change is coming

    In his judgement, Justice Michael Wigney said the law currently “provides no real or effective legal avenue” for people or communities to seek legal recourse for government inaction on climate change. That will remain the case until the law changes, he said.

    To remain legitimate, legal norms must reflect changing social expectations. History shows laws can adapt when they are challenged repeatedly by those who are harmed by the status quo. Eventually, the dam wall breaks, and law is reinterpreted.

    A clear example is the Mabo case of 1992. The High Court of Australia acknowledged the obvious fact that Indigenous peoples have lived on this continent for tens of thousands of years, and that the “terra nullius” (land belonging to no-one) concept was a legal myth.

    The Mabo decision allowed common law to recognise native title. It was a departure from previous rulings which relied on the terra nullius concept to reject native title claims.

    Australia’s legal norms largely pre-date the scientific consensus on climate change. They must evolve to better recognise climate impacts that are harming Australians. While this week might not have been the time, change is inevitable.

    As Justice Wigney said, until the law adapts, the key avenue for change is public advocacy, protest and voter action at the ballot box.

    Wesley Morgan is a fellow with the Climate Council.

    Riona Moodley does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. Australia got off on a technicality for its climate inaction. But there are plenty more judgement days to come – https://theconversation.com/australia-got-off-on-a-technicality-for-its-climate-inaction-but-there-are-plenty-more-judgement-days-to-come-261305

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-OSI USA: Ernst Advances Bills to Boost American Manufacturing, Crackdown on COVID Fraudsters

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator Joni Ernst (R-IA)

    Published: July 16, 2025

    Small Business Committee passes Made In America Manufacturing Act and SBA Fraud Enforcement Extension Act.

    WASHINGTON – The U.S. Senate Committee on Small Business and Entrepreneurship advanced a pair of Chair Joni Ernst’s (R-Iowa) bills to unleash domestic manufacturing and hold COVID criminals accountable.
    “Republican leadership is unleashing growth across the country and making government more accountable to taxpayers,” said Ernst. “The Made in America Manufacturing Finance Act builds upon the domestic manufacturing explosion under President Trump and gives small businesses access to the resources they need to make ‘Made in America’ the norm instead of the exception. Equally as important is making sure Washington responsibly uses each tax dollar like an entrepreneur looks after their budget. After Biden’s bureaucrats were asleep at the wheel in pursuing billions in COVID fraud, my SBA Fraud Enforcement Extension Act ensures that justice will be carried out for criminals and stolen tax dollars will be recouped.”
    With manufacturing loans already soaring 74% under President Trump, the Made In America Manufacturing Finance Act allows small businesses to access the capital they need to invest in new equipment, hire new employees, and grow their businesses by doubling the individual loan limit for 7(a) and 504 small manufacturing loans from $5 million to $10 million.
    The SBA Fraud Enforcement Extension Act extends the statute of limitations from five to ten years for COVID fraudsters who stole from the Shuttered Venue Grant Operators Grant (SVOG) and Restaurant Revitalization Fund (RRF).
    Ernst initially led the legislation after a shocking report revealed that the Biden Small Business Administration (SBA) failed to pursue nearly two million individuals suspected of stealing pandemic aid.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI Analysis: Do women really need more sleep than men? A sleep psychologist explains

    Source: The Conversation – Global Perspectives – By Amelia Scott, Honorary Affiliate and Clinical Psychologist at the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Macquarie University Research Fellow, Macquarie University

    klebercordeiro/Getty

    If you spend any time in the wellness corners of TikTok or Instagram, you’ll see claims women need one to two hours more sleep than men.

    But what does the research actually say? And how does this relate to what’s going on in real life?

    As we’ll see, who gets to sleep, and for how long, is a complex mix of biology, psychology and societal expectations. It also depends on how you measure sleep.

    What does the evidence say?

    Researchers usually measure sleep in two ways:

    • by asking people how much they sleep (known as self-reporting). But people are surprisingly inaccurate at estimating how much sleep they get

    • using objective tools, such as research-grade, wearable sleep trackers or the gold-standard polysomnography, which records brain waves, breathing and movement while you sleep during a sleep study in a lab or clinic.

    Looking at the objective data, well-conducted studies usually show women sleep about 20 minutes more than men.

    One global study of nearly 70,000 people who wore wearable sleep trackers found a consistent, small difference between men and women across age groups. For example, the sleep difference between men and women aged 40–44 was about 23–29 minutes.

    Another large study using polysomnography found women slept about 19 minutes longer than men. In this study, women also spent more time in deep sleep: about 23% of the night compared to about 14% for men. The study also found only men’s quality of sleep declined with age.

    The key caveat to these findings is that our individual sleep needs vary considerably. Women may sleep slightly more on average, just as they are slightly shorter on average. But there is no one-size-fits-all sleep duration, just as there is no universal height.

    Suggesting every woman needs 20 extra minutes (let alone two hours) misses the point. It’s the same as insisting all women should be shorter than all men.

    Even though women tend to sleep a little longer and deeper, they consistently report poorer sleep quality. They’re also about 40% more likely to be diagnosed with insomnia.

    This mismatch between lab findings and the real world is a well-known puzzle in sleep research, and there are many reasons for it.

    For instance, many research studies don’t consider mental health problems, medications, alcohol use and hormonal fluctuations. This filters out the very factors that shape sleep in the real world.

    This mismatch between the lab and the bedroom also reminds us sleep doesn’t happen in a vacuum. Women’s sleep is shaped by a complex mix of biological, psychological and social factors, and this complexity is hard to capture in individual studies.

    Let’s start with biology

    Sleep problems begin to diverge between the sexes around puberty. They spike again during pregnancy, after birth and during perimenopause.

    Fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, particularly oestrogen and progesterone, seem to explain some of these sex differences in sleep.

    For example, many girls and women report poorer sleep during the premenstrual phase just before their periods, when oestrogen and progesterone begin to fall.

    Perhaps the most well-documented hormonal influence on our sleep is the decline in oestrogen during perimenopause. This is linked to increased sleep disturbances, particularly waking at 3am and struggling to get back to sleep.

    Some health conditions also play a part in women’s sleep health. Thyroid disorders and iron deficiency, for instance, are more common in women and are closely linked to fatigue and disrupted sleep.

    How about psychology?

    Women are at much higher risk of depression, anxiety and trauma-related disorders. These very often accompany sleep problems and fatigue. Cognitive patterns, such as worry and rumination, are also more common in women and known to affect sleep.

    Women are also prescribed antidepressants more often than men, and these medications tend to affect sleep.

    Society also plays a role

    Caregiving and emotional labour still fall disproportionately on women. Government data released this year suggests Australian women perform an average nine more hours of unpaid care and work each week than men.

    While many women manage to put enough time aside for sleep, their opportunities for daytime rest are often scarce. This puts a lot of pressure on sleep to deliver all the restoration women need.

    In my work with patients, we often untangle the threads woven into their experience of fatigue. While poor sleep is the obvious culprit, fatigue can also signal something deeper, such as underlying health issues, emotional strain, or too-high expectations of themselves. Sleep is certainly part of the picture, but it’s rarely the whole story.

    For instance, rates of iron deficiency (which we know is more common in women and linked to sleep problems) are also higher in the reproductive years. This is just as many women are raising children and grappling with the “juggle” and the “mental load”.

    Women in perimenopause are often navigating full-time work, teenagers, ageing parents and 3am hot flashes. These women may have adequate or even high-quality sleep (according to objective measures), but that doesn’t mean they wake feeling restored.

    Most existing research also ignores gender-diverse populations. This limits our understanding of how sleep is shaped not just by biology, but by things such as identity and social context.

    So where does this leave us?

    While women sleep longer and better in the lab, they face more barriers to feeling rested in everyday life.

    So, do women need more sleep than men? On average, yes, a little. But more importantly, women need more support and opportunity to recharge and recover across the day, and at night.

    Amelia Scott is a member of the psychology education subcommittee of the Australasian Sleep Association. She receives funding from Macquarie University.

    ref. Do women really need more sleep than men? A sleep psychologist explains – https://theconversation.com/do-women-really-need-more-sleep-than-men-a-sleep-psychologist-explains-259985

    MIL OSI Analysis

  • MIL-OSI Australia: More support to help Australian business go global

    Source: Australian Attorney General’s Agencies

    To help Australian businesses access new export opportunities and navigate the global trading environment, the Albanese Labor Government is expanding the Go Global Toolkit and launching the Go Global Export Academy.

    The Go Global Toolkit is a one-stop-shop for businesses of all sizes to assess and improve their export readiness, providing Australian businesses with better understanding of markets, local laws, regulations and requirements as well as information on tariffs and taxes.

    More than 200,000 users have accessed the Go Global Toolkit in the past year, and research indicates it has saved businesses thousands of hours over the course of their export journey.

    The expanded Toolkit will be complemented by the launch of the Go Global Academy, and will feature a series of Market Spotlight webinars to support the launch. The series will showcase insights from key export markets in Asia, Europe, UK, the Middle East, America and the Pacific. The Market Spotlight series kicks off this week, and businesses can register for free at https://export.business.gov.au/.

    The Go Global Toolkit forms part of the Government’s Simplified Trade System reforms, which is streamlining our trade system to make it cheaper, faster and easier for Australian importers and exporters to do business.

    Quotes attributable to Minister for Trade and Tourism, Senator the Hon Don Farrell:

    “Trade is vital to Australia’s economic prosperity – one in four Australian jobs are trade-related, with jobs in export industries pay 10 per cent more on average.”

    “The Albanese Government is working to create new opportunities for Aussie businesses, including in India, Southeast Asia, the UK and the Middle East.”

    “We want to make it as easy as possible for Australian businesses to discover and take up opportunities – and that’s exactly what the Go Global Toolkit does.”

    Austrade General Manager for Trade, Jay Meek:

    “Using the resources in the Go Global Toolkit – including live and on demand webinars through the Go Global Export Academy – will enable exporters to pivot when market conditions change or be first to market when new opportunities open up.”

    “Businesses can use the Go Global Toolkit Tariff Finder to explore what tariffs and taxes apply to their goods – knowledge that will arm them with the tools to navigate an increasingly complex world.”

    “The Go Global Toolkit now features a more personalised user experience with content tailored to individual business needs. Central to this is providing the right information to help exporters compare markets and build a resilient diversification strategy.”

    MIL OSI News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Wyden, Merkley Join Colleagues to Introduce Bill to Safeguard Consumers from Online Subscription Traps

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator Ron Wyden (D-Ore)

    July 16, 2025

    Washington, D.C. – U.S. Senators Ron Wyden and Jeff Merkley said today they are joining colleagues in reintroducing legislation that would protect consumers in Oregon and nationwide from online free trial scams and hard-to-cancel recurring-payment programs.

    The Consumer Online Payment Transparency and Integrity (OPT-IN) Act puts the responsibility on companies rather than consumers when it comes to subscriptions and memberships, including a shift from “opt-out” default conditions  to “opt-in.” This reintroduction comes after the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit last week vacated the Federal Trade Commission’s 2023 “click to cancel” rule, which would have made it easier to get out of unwanted subscriptions. 

    “Unexpected charges and confusing websites can make unsubscribing from a service a headache,” Wyden said. “Relief was in sight, but Donald Trump’s administration killed new protections for consumers and handed a huge gift to his corporate pals. I’m proud to work with Sen. Van Hollen and my colleagues on the OPT-IN Act to ensure it’s just as easy for Americans to unsubscribe from services as it is to sign up.”

    “Consumers shouldn’t have to jump over roadblocks from greedy corporations to cancel a subscription,” Merkley said. “Our bill will make it as simple to cancel a subscription as it is to sign up – no tricks, no gimmicks, no waiting on hold. Let’s pass this common-sense solution that makes sure Americans know what they’re signing up for.”

    Companies increasingly use free trial offers and unclear terms and conditions to trap consumers into subscriptions. Additionally, companies often use software and interfaces that subtly trick users, making it harder for consumers to end these subscriptions and stop unwanted charges. While the FTC has dedicated significant resources to combating the worst of these business practices, more action is needed to effectively deter companies from employing these practices and better protect consumers.

    Specifically, the Consumer OPT-IN Act would: 

    • Require companies to get express informed consent from consumers before converting free trials into automatically renewing contracts and charging consumers.
    • Require companies to notify consumers of the first automatic renewal and obtain express informed consent from consumers before automatically renewing long-term contracts. 
    • Require that companies offering contracts that automatically renew on a short-term basis get express informed consent from consumers annually. 
    • Require companies that have knowledge that a consumer isn’t using their product or service for 6 months to get the consumer’s express informed consent to continue billing, and allow consumers to request a refund for the remaining portion of the contract. 
    • Provide consumers with refunds when violations occur.
    • Give the FTC rulemaking authority over negative option contracts, automatic renewals, and dark patterns.

    The legislation is led by Senator Chris Van Hollen, D-Md., and Representative Yvette D. Clarke, D-N.Y. Along with Wyden and Merkley, the bill is cosponsored by Senators Richard Blumenthal, D-Conn., John Fetterman, D-Pa., Kirsten Gillibrand, D-N.Y., Mazie Hirono, D-Hawai’i, Ben Ray Luján, D-N.M., Jack Reed, D-R.I., Bernie Sanders, I-Vt., Peter Welch, D-Vt.,  and Representatives Robin Kelly, D-Ill., and Doris Matsui, D-Calif.

    This legislation is endorsed by Public Citizen, National Consumer Law Center, Consumer Action, Americans for Financial Reform, and American Economic Liberties Project.

    The text of the bill is here.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: ASEAN Young Business Leaders to meet in Viet Nam, marking 50 years of ASEAN-New Zealand relations

    Source: Asia New Zealand Foundation

    Business leaders from New Zealand and Southeast Asia will gather in Viet Nam this July for the ASEAN Young Business Leaders Initiative (YBLI) Summit, taking place from 23-27 July 2025 in Da Nang and Hue. The event is hosted by the Asia New Zealand Foundation Te Whītau Tūhono in partnership with the New Zealand Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade (MFAT).
    The Summit brings together YBLI programme alumni and entrepreneurs from a range of industries – including agribusiness, technology, tourism, fashion, health, and food and beverage – to connect, collaborate, and explore new growth opportunities.
    “Through this Summit, we aim to build lasting connections among entrepreneurs from New Zealand and ASEAN,” says Suzannah Jessep, Chief Executive at the Asia New Zealand Foundation. “Viet Nam is an important partner in the region and strengthening relationships, trade and economic ties here benefits both sides.”
    Nick Siu, Director of Business and Entrepreneurship at the Foundation, adds, “This is a chance for emerging leaders to learn from each other, find ways to collaborate, and develop new ideas that could lead to partnerships.”
    “YBLI opened doors for my business, helping to secure our first export customer in Singapore. I look forward to strengthening these connections at the upcoming event,” says Nick Carey, Managing Director, Green Meadows Beef, New Zealand.
    “The Summit is a great opportunity to connect with fellow changemakers and discover ways to advance our sectors together,” says Bicky Nguyen, Co-founder, Cricket One, Viet Nam.
    “Since attending the last YBLI event, I’ve grown my consulting firm and am now expanding into Australia and the wider Asia-Pacific region,” says Kaye-Maree Dunn, Managing Director Making Everything Achievable and Āhau NZ Limited.
    The Summit marks 50 years of diplomatic relations between New Zealand and both ASEAN and Viet Nam, as well as the 30th anniversary of the Asia New Zealand Foundation.
    “New Zealand is proud to be a close friend and partner of ASEAN for more than 50 years,” says New Zealand Ambassador to Viet Nam, Caroline Beresford. “Strengthening these ties goes beyond diplomacy – the Summit empowers young leaders, builds partnerships, and creates mutually beneficial opportunities for both ASEAN and New Zealand.”
    -END-
    About the Asia New Zealand Foundation Te Whītau Tūhono
    Established in 1994, the Asia New Zealand Foundation Te Whītau Tūhono is New Zealand’s leading provider of Asia insights and experiences. Its mission is to equip New Zealanders to excel in Asia, by providing research, insights and targeted opportunities to grow their knowledge, connections and experiences across the Asia region. The Foundation’s activities cover more than 20 countries in Asia and are delivered through eight core programmes: arts, business, entrepreneurship, leadership, media, research, Track II diplomacy and sports.
    About the ASEAN Young Business leaders Initiative
    The ASEAN Young Business Leaders Initiative (YBLI) is a key part of the New Zealand Government’s ASEAN strategy. The aim of the programme is to facilitate trade and build connections between business leaders and entrepreneurs in New Zealand and Southeast Asia. This is achieved through short, targeted visits to New Zealand and Southeast Asia for ASEAN entrepreneurs and Kiwi entrepreneurs respectively.  

    MIL OSI New Zealand News

  • MIL-OSI USA: SIGNED INTO LAW: Bipartisan Legislation That Secures Permanent Scheduling of Fentanyl Analogues

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for New Hampshire Maggie Hassan

    Washington, D.C. – Today the Halt All Lethal Trafficking of (HALT) Fentanyl Act, bipartisan legislation that U.S. Senators Maggie Hassan and Jeanne Shaheen helped introduce and was supported by Congressman Chris Pappas (NH-01) and Congresswoman Maggie Goodlander (NH-02), was signed into law. This law permanently schedules all fentanyl-related substances as Schedule I drugs under the Controlled Substances Act to ensure law enforcement can keep them off the streets and hold drug traffickers accountable.

    “The vast majority of drug-related deaths in New Hampshire have been caused by the trafficking of illicit fentanyl. That’s why I have consistently engaged with law enforcement, public health experts, and colleagues across the aisle to ensure that the scheduling of fentanyl analogues did not lapse and is finally made permanent,” said Congressman Pappas. “The enactment of this legislation represents an important step forward and will ensure law enforcement retains the full suite of tools they need to take on the opioid crisis and crack down on drug traffickers, but we cannot rest here. I remain committed to delivering the resources our communities need to stop traffickers, bring down drug-related deaths, and support people in recovery.”

    “In the Granite State we’ve lost far too many lives due to fentanyl overdoses, and we must do everything we can to prevent more deaths,” said Senator Shaheen. “I was proud to help introduce this bipartisan legislation in the Senate and I’m glad the President has signed it into law so that we can stop the flow of fentanyl into our communities, hold traffickers accountable and save lives.”

    “Too many families across New Hampshire have experienced the devastating effects of the fentanyl crisis,” said Senator Hassan. “The HALT Fentanyl Act will permanently classify fentanyl analogues at the strongest level allowed under the law, boosting penalties and giving law enforcement more tools to get these deadly illicit drugs off our streets. This bill marks a step forward in combatting fentanyl and I am glad the President has signed it into law.”

    “Illicit fentanyl is the leading driver of overdose deaths in New Hampshire, taking the lives of hundreds of loved ones every year. We can and must do more to combat this epidemic and help save lives,” said Congresswoman Goodlander. “The HALT Fentanyl Act will help stop the flow of these dangerous drugs into our communities and hold illicit distributors accountable. I will continue working to ensure our law enforcement partners have the tools they need to keep New Hampshire communities safe.” 

    Pappas has led efforts to permanently schedule fentanyl-related substances in the House, securing several extensions of the temporary scheduling order while working to ensure the passage of permanent legislation. The HALT Fentanyl Act contains identical key provisions from Pappas’s bipartisan SAFE Act, which he first introduced in the 117th Congress.

    Shaheen has spearheaded crucial legislation and funding to fight the substance use disorder epidemic, including through her leadership on the pivotal U.S. Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Commerce, Justice, Science and Related Agencies, which funds the U.S. Department of Justice. Shaheen recently introduced her bipartisan Keeping Drugs Out of Schools Act to help prevent youth opioid use and overdoses by establishing a new grant program that allows current or former Drug-Free Communities (DFC) coalitions to partner with schools to provide resources educating students about the dangers of synthetic opioids. Shaheen has also led the bipartisan Cooper Davis Act which would crack down on online drug sales through social media and helped enact the FENTANYL Results Act to increase global cooperation in the fight against synthetic drug trafficking.

    Senator Hassan has worked to stop drug trafficking and support communities devastated by the fentanyl crisis. She helped advance the DETECT Fentanyl and Xylazine Act, which was signed into law last year and is supporting law enforcement with enhanced tools to find and eliminate illegal substances such as fentanyl and xylazine. Senators Hassan, Shaheen, and their colleagues also passed into law the FEND Off Fentanyl Act, which targets the illicit fentanyl supply chain and imposes sanctions on traffickers. Senator Hassan also developed the END FENTANYL Act, signed into law last year, which helps Customs and Border Protection crack down on fentanyl trafficking at the border.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-Evening Report: ER Report: A Roundup of Significant Articles on EveningReport.nz for July 17, 2025

    ER Report: Here is a summary of significant articles published on EveningReport.nz on July 17, 2025.

    Do women really need more sleep than men? A sleep psychologist explains
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Amelia Scott, Honorary Affiliate and Clinical Psychologist at the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Macquarie University Research Fellow, Macquarie University klebercordeiro/Getty If you spend any time in the wellness corners of TikTok or Instagram, you’ll see claims women need one to two hours more sleep than

    I created a Vivaldi-inspired sound artwork for the Venice Biennale. The star of the show is an endangered bush-cricket
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Miriama Young, Associate Professor Music Composition, Melbourne Conservatorium of Music, The University of Melbourne Marco Zorzanello It was late January when I got the call. I’m asked to bring my sound art to a collaborative ecology and design project, Song of the Cricket, for the Venice Biennale

    Is it okay to boil water more than once, or should you empty the kettle every time?
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Faisal Hai, Professor and Head of School of Civil, Mining, Environmental and Architectural Engineering, University of Wollongong Avocado_studio/Shutterstock The kettle is a household staple practically everywhere – how else would we make our hot drinks? But is it okay to re-boil water that’s already in the kettle

    What does Australian law have to say about sovereign citizens and ‘pseudolaw’?
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Madeleine Perrett, PhD Candidate in Law, University of Adelaide Armed with obscure legal jargon and fringe interpretations of the law, “sovereign citizens” are continuing to test the limits of the Australian justice system’s patience and power. A few weeks ago, two Western Australians were jailed for 30

    Is childbirth really safer for women and babies in private hospitals?
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Hannah Dahlen, Professor of Midwifery, Associate Dean Research and HDR, Midwifery Discipline Leader, Western Sydney University A study published this week in the international obstetrics and gynaecology journal BJOG has raised concerns among women due to give birth in Australia’s public hospitals. The study compared the outcomes

    We were part of the world heritage listing of Murujuga. Here’s why all Australians should be proud
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Jo McDonald, Professor, Director of Centre for Rock Art Research + Management, The University of Western Australia Senior Ranger, Mardudunhera man Peter Cooper, oversees the Murujuga landscape Jo McDonald, CC BY-SA On Friday, the Murujuga Cultural Landscape in northwest Western Australia was inscribed on the UNESCO World

    Is our mental health determined by where we live – or is it the other way round? New research sheds more light
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Matthew Hobbs, Associate Professor and Transforming Lives Fellow, Spatial Data Science and Planetary Health, Sheffield Hallam University Photon-Photos/Getty Images Ever felt like where you live is having an impact on your mental health? Turns out, you’re not imagining things. Our new analysis of eight years of data

    The secret stories of trees are written in the knots and swirls of your floorboards. An expert explains how to read them
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Gregory Moore, Senior Research Associate, School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne Magda Ehlers/Pexels, CC BY Have you ever examined timber floorboards and pondered why they look the way they do? Perhaps you admired the super-fine grain, a stunning red hue or a

    Tasmania is limping towards an election nobody wants. Here’s the state of play
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Robert Hortle, Deputy Director, Tasmanian Policy Exchange, University of Tasmania In the darkest and coldest months of the year, Tasmanians have been slogging through an election campaign no one wanted. It’s been a curious mix of humdrum plodding laced with cyanide levels of bitterness, with the most

    What is astigmatism? Why does it make my vision blurry? And how did I get it?
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Flora Hui, Research Fellow, Centre for Eye Research Australia and Honorary Fellow, Department of Surgery (Ophthalmology), The University of Melbourne Ground Picture/Shutterstock Have you ever gone to the optometrist for an eye test and were told your eye was shaped like a football? Or perhaps you’ve noticed

    From Sister Rosetta Tharpe to Ronnie Yoshiko Fujiyama: how electric guitarists challenge expectations of gender
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Janelle K Johnstone, Associate Lecturer Crime, Justice and Legal Studies, PhD Candidate School of Social Inquiry, La Trobe University American gospel singer and guitarist Sister Rosetta Tharpe playing a Gibson Les Paul electric guitar on stage in 1957. Chris Ware/Keystone Features/Hulton Archive/Getty Images I’ve been playing a

    Ken Henry urges nature law reform after decades of ‘intergenerational bastardry’
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Phillipa C. McCormack, Future Making Fellow, Environment Institute, University of Adelaide Former Treasury Secretary Ken Henry has warned Australia’s global environmental reputation is at risk if the Albanese government fails to reform nature laws this term. In his speech to the National Press Club on Wednesday, Henry

    David Robie: New Zealand must do more for Pacific and confront nuclear powers
    Rongelap Islanders on board the Greenpeace flagship Rainbow Warrior travelling to their new home on Mejatto Island in 1985 — less than two months before the bombing. Image: ©1985 David Robie/Eyes of Fire He accused the coalition government of being “too timid” and “afraid of offending President Donald Trump” to make a stand on the

    First-hand view of peacemaking challenge in the ‘Holy Land’
    Occupied West Bank-based New Zealand journalist Cole Martin asks who are the peacemakers? BEARING WITNESS: By Cole Martin As a Kiwi journalist living in the occupied West Bank, I can list endless reasons why there is no peace in the “Holy Land”. I live in a refugee camp, alongside families who were expelled from their

    Politics with Michelle Grattan: Malcolm Turnbull on Australia’s ‘dumb’ defence debate
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Michelle Grattan, Professorial Fellow, University of Canberra The Albanese government remains in complicated territory on the international stage. It has to tread carefully with China, despite the marked warming of the bilateral relationship. It is yet to find its line and length with the unpredictable Trump administration.

    Why is Israel bombing Syria?
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Ali Mamouri, Research Fellow, Middle East Studies, Deakin University Conflict in Syria has escalated with Israel launching bombing raids against its northern neighbour. It follows months of fluctuating tensions in southern Syria between the Druze minority and forces aligned with the new government in Damascus. Clashes erupted

    Bougainville election: More than 400 candidates vie for parliament
    By Don Wiseman, RNZ Pacific senior journalist More than 400 candidates have put their hands up to contest the Bougainville general election in September, hoping to enter Parliament. Incumbent President Ishmael Toroama is among the 404 people lining up to win a seat. Bougainville is involved in the process of achieving independence from Papua New

    Scientists could be accidentally damaging fossils with a method we thought was safe
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Mathieu Duval, Adjunct Senior Researcher at Griffith University and La Trobe University, and Ramón y Cajal (Senior) Research Fellow, Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH) 185,000-year-old human fossil jawbone from Misliya Cave, Israel. Gerhard Weber, University of Vienna, CC BY-ND Fossils are invaluable archives

    Right-wing political group Advance is in the headlines. What is it and what does it stand for?
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Mark Riboldi, Lecturer in Social Impact and Social Change, UTS Business School, University of Technology Sydney Advance/Facebook Political lobby group Advance has been back in the headlines this week. It was revealed an organisation headed by the husband of the Special Envoy for Combatting Antisemitism, Jillian Segal,

    We travelled to Antarctica to see if a Māori lunar calendar might help track environmental change
    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Holly Winton, Senior Research Fellow in Climatology, Te Herenga Waka — Victoria University of Wellington Holly Winton, CC BY-SA Antarctica’s patterns of stark seasonal changes, with months of darkness followed by a summer of 24-hour daylight, prompted us to explore how a Māori lunar and environmental calendar

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: Australia – From 4 trades to 40,000: How 30 years of CommSec has shaped Aussie investing – CBA

    Source: Commonwealth Bank of Australia (CBA)

    CommSec reflects on its 30-year journey and the future of investing.

    When CommSec launched on 17 July 1995, just four trades were placed via telephone and fax, at $75 each. Investing was slow and largely reserved for the few who had the time, knowledge, and access.

    But that day marked the beginning of a shift that would help reshape how Australians engage with financial markets. Fast forward to today, and investors can trade on the bus to work with the tap of their phone.

    “Many younger investors would find it hard to imagine what it was like buying and selling shares 30 years ago. Back in the early ‘90s, investing wasn’t exactly easy. Picture having to put in a call to a stockbroker, sometimes even fax orders, fill out reams of paperwork, and then wait for what felt like weeks for your share certificate to arrive,” said CommSec’s Executive General Manger James Fowle.

    “In 2025, that same process now takes a matter of seconds and you can do it straight from your mobile.”

    https://youtu.be/AforSgYeUQA?si=k1ocLNyupyitvbCr

    CommSec’s vision 30 years ago was to make the stock market easy, accessible and affordable.

    Three decades later, CommSec customers now execute around 40,000 trades daily, with the average value of shares bought and sold on the platform reaching $575 million each day. In the past 30 years, CommSec has completed nearly 160 million orders, worth more than $2.5 trillion – roughly the equivalent size of Australia’s economy.

    CommSec’s journey in many ways mirrors the broader evolution of investing in Australia, moving from the margins to the mainstream and becoming a core part of how Australians build wealth.

    Through a commitment to empower more Australians to grow their wealth, CommSec has helped transform how Aussies invest.

    “Over the past 30 years, CommSec has played a critical role in shaping the way Australians invest. Whether a first-time investor or seasoned portfolio builder, we’ve always pathed new ground to make investing more accessible to all Australians through innovation and education. Trust is key to who we are and I’m thankful to the millions of Australians who continue to trust us to grow their wealth,” said Fowle.

    The evolution of investing

    CommSec’s path to becoming Australia’s leading online broker has transpired largely due to the platform’s ability to meet the evolving needs of investors.

    In 1997, CommSec became the first Australian broker to launch a share trading website, paving the way for a digital trading future.

    By 2001, around 80 percent of CommSec’s trades were being placed online, mirroring a broader trend: Australians wanted more control, more transparency, and more speed when they invested.

    In 2008, CommSec launched Australia’s first iPhone trading app, making trading accessible to Aussies with a smartphone.  And in 2019, CommSec Pocket was launched – a low cost, simple investing app that aims to empower more Australians to start their investing journey.

    Fast forward to today, and nearly 50 per cent of trades are made via mobile.

    Over the years, market participation has also grown across demographics as government privatisations, the rise of self-managed super funds (SMSFs), the popularity of exchange traded funds (ETFs), and the increasing use of mobile apps have all contributed to a more engaged and informed investor base.

    Ten years ago, 20 per cent of CommSec’s customers were under 40 – today, that number has more than doubled to 43 per cent. Meanwhile, the percentage of female investors on CommSec has almost tripled in the past 5 years.

    “Markets have become more dynamic, and so have investors,” said Tom Piotrowski, CommSec’s long-time market analyst.

    “We’ve gone from a world where people waited for the morning paper to receive market news, to one where they’re trading on their phones during a lunch break. Now we’re pushing out a daily podcast and educating our customers on TikTok. That shift has been extraordinary to witness.”

    Not only that, CommSec has taken great strides in making investing more accessible through education. Initiatives like CommSec Learn offers tips to beginners, while the CommSec Invest podcast breaks down the fundamentals of investing. Also, bite sized content is delivered through channels like Instagram, YouTube and TikTok.

    A trusted partner through volatility

    From bull markets to the GFC, CommSec has supported customers through the uncertainty and volatility of the market.

    In CommSec’s 30-year history, the top 10 trading days have all occurred over the last 5 years.

    “Covid really changed the market – the number of first-time traders has more than doubled since February 2020,” said Fowle.

    “The introduction of tariffs by President Trump on April 2 rattled global financial markets, with the three-day drop in the S&P 500 being one of the worst market sell-offs since World War II, while the ASX witnessed its biggest one-day drop since 2020. In fact, April 7 was CommSec’s largest trading day in three years, with the team processing over $1.4 billion in trades.

    “What makes me proud is not just how we responded to the high and low moments like these; but how over three decades, CommSec has remained a trusted partner for Australians on their investment journey.”

    Looking forward to the future

    As technology continues to evolve at an ever-accelerating pace, CommSec is committed to remaining at the forefront of innovation to help more Aussies invest and grow their wealth.

    “The Australian stock market is poised for continued evolution, with technology playing a central role in shaping trading practices and investor engagement,” Fowle said.

    “I’m incredibly proud that CommSec, 30 years on, continues to make investing easy, accessible and affordable. As innovation continues to accelerate, we are well positioned to continue to harness new technologies to meet the evolving needs of our customers.”

    30 Years of CommSec by the Numbers

    Australian Markets Since 1995

    The ASX All Ordinaries Accumulation Index has risen 335%
    Average NSW house prices have increased by 751%
    CBA’s share price has grown from $9.34 (30/6/95) to $184.75 (30/6/25), a 1878% increase
    Wealth per capita has surged from $96,810 to $810,000

    CommSec Firsts

    July 1995: First direct broker
    1997: First free live share price quotes
    November 2003: First retail Stop Loss order
    July 2008: First Financial Services iPhone App

    Average number of trades

    Four trades on day 1
    10,000 trades per day by 2002
    40,000 /$575m per day by 2025

    Method of Trading

    Telephone and Fax only on launch 31 July 1995 ($75 per trade)
    Internet access was offered in October 1996, providing information only. Trading started March 1997. 80% of trades made online by 2001

    Top trading days

    2020 and 2021 dominate the top five biggest trading days showing the impacts of COVID.
    The sixth biggest trading day was on 7 April 2025, following the announcement of U.S. tariffs.
     

    Stocks over time

    Top 5 stocks: 25 June 1995

    1. BHP
    2. News Corp
    3. NAB
    4. CRA
    5. WBC  

    Top 5 Stocks: 26 June 2025  

    1. CBA
    2. BHP
    3. Rio Tinto
    4. NAB
    5. CSL

    CommSec customers

    Percentage of customers under 40:

    Now: 39.80%
    5 years ago: 25.57%
    10 years ago: 20.19%
    30 years ago: 26.42%

    Percentage of female customers with holdings:

    Now: 27.46%
    3 years ago: 12.62%
    5 years ago: 10.60%.

    MIL OSI – Submitted News

  • MIL-Evening Report: I created a Vivaldi-inspired sound artwork for the Venice Biennale. The star of the show is an endangered bush-cricket

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Miriama Young, Associate Professor Music Composition, Melbourne Conservatorium of Music, The University of Melbourne

    Marco Zorzanello

    It was late January when I got the call. I’m asked to bring my sound art to a collaborative ecology and design project, Song of the Cricket, for the Venice Biennale of Architecture. When such as invitation arrives, you have no choice but to jump in.

    I see an image of the site for the project: the Gaggiandre at the Arsenale – a medieval shipyard that serviced the Venetian military at its imperial peak.

    Once a resplendent hive of industry, it is even detailed by Dante Alighieri in The Divine Comedy:

    As in the arsenal of the Venetians,
    all winter long a stew of sticky pitch
    boils up to patch their sick and tattered ships
    that cannot sail (instead of voyaging,
    some build new keels, some tow and tar the ribs
    of hulls worn out by too much journeying;
    some hammer at the prow, some at the stern,
    and some make oars, and some braid ropes and cords;
    one mends the jib, another, the mainsail)

    The Gaggiandre is a cavernous, church-like space flanked by stone colonnades, wooden roof beams, and situated, in true Venetian style, on a bed of water. With long reverberation times, music in this space would need to be slowly unfolding, drawing the listener in and inviting them to meditate.

    It is a place of reflection, both metaphorically and physically. To a sound artist, creating for the Gaggiandre is a dream.

    Art and the Anthropocene

    The Song of the Cricket exhibit has been on display at the Biennale since May. Its purpose is to bridge ecological research with sound art to raise awareness for our fragile biodiversity, with a focus on the critically endangered Adriatic bush-cricket, Zeuneriana marmorata.

    Zeuneriana marmorata is a rare species found in wetlands in north-eastern Italy and Slovenia.
    Wikimedia, CC BY-SA

    What better place than Venice – a city slowly sinking – to reflect on where we stand in this moment of environmental collapse?

    The exhibit was created by a large team of collaborators. It features several mobile habitats populated with Zeuneriana. Some of these habitats sit on the Arsenale lawn, while other symbolic habitats float on the water as life rafts. Alongside the enclosures, my pre-composed “sound garden” plays through speakers onto the lawn.

    At the end of the Biennale, the team, led by landscape architect and ecologist Alex Felson, intends to use the life rafts to ceremonially transport incubated eggs to a new home on the mainland.

    The installation features mobile cricket habitats on the lawn, as well as symbolic life rafts on the water.
    Miriama Young

    Sounds of nature and Vivaldi

    On the lawn, the chirrup of live courting bush-crickets blends with pre-recorded sounds of their ancestors. These ancestral sounds might double as a lullaby for newly orphaned eggs, as adults only live a few months.

    The accompanying sound garden is richly diverse, created from an array of fauna sounds drawn from Northern Italian wetland environments, including the Eurasian reed warbler, the cuckoo and, my personal favourite, the green toad.

    My intention is for the soundscape to transport audiences to a different time and place: to a future where these species thrive in a healthy ecology.

    Excerpt from the Song of Crickets sound installation.
    Miriama Young and Monica Lim1.73 MB (download)

    There is a second element to the sound installation, created with support from sound technologist Monica Lim. Informed by the music of Antonio Vivaldi, this element serves to further activate the untapped airspace and enhance visitors’ experience of the site.

    Born in Venice in 1678, Vivaldi is a ubiquitous and avoidable cliché for locals. Yet his music was the perfect inspiration for this project, as it encodes a hidden ecological story.

    Vivaldi incorporated the literal sounds of nature into The Four Seasons (1723), with particular species’ songs annotated onto the score.

    The Song of the Cricket borrows elements from Vivaldi’s Summer: Allegro non Molto. In the short section I drew from, the cuckoo, turtledove and goldfinch are all musically described and credited by Vivaldi.

    And although they are not expressly mentioned, I imagine bush-crickets also pervade Vivaldi’s Summer movement, as we know they were once prolific in the Venice lagoon, and would have filled the summer air during his lifetime. You might hear them in the rapidly repeating (tremolo) string gestures.

    The cricket’s song serves as a indicator of an ecosystem’s health. But the sound of crickets in Venice today is largely missing.

    Our take on Vivaldi is slowed down 30 times, magnified and fragmented, voiced through synthesizers, and piped into the Gaggiandre through five speakers – creating an immersive experience that feels at once futuristic and Baroque.

    Mobile habitats awaiting the Zeuneriana marmorata eggs float on the water.
    Marco Zorzanello

    Bridging the past and an imagined future

    The decision to borrow from music of the Western historical canon (in this case Vivaldi) fits into a burgeoning movement that composer Valentin Silvestrov coined “eschatophony”.

    This is presumably a portmanteau of “eschatology”, the study of the end of the world, and “phony”, which in this case relates to sound (such as symphony). Here, we are left only to wrestle with and re-contextualise our musical past, to create “echoes of history”.

    The inclusion of sound is still a novelty at the architecture Biennale. Of the 300 exhibits this year, I can count on one hand the projects that incorporated sound. All of them were special.

    Sound creates a remarkable theatre, both through its immediacy, as well as its capacity to elevate a project beyond the prosaic, into the poetic.

    Venice is a city where history pervades at every turn. The Song of the Cricket invites listeners in, offering them space to reflect, and to imagine a future where ecosystems might once again thrive.

    This article is part of Making Art Work, our series on what inspires artists and the process of their work.

    Miriama Young does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. I created a Vivaldi-inspired sound artwork for the Venice Biennale. The star of the show is an endangered bush-cricket – https://theconversation.com/i-created-a-vivaldi-inspired-sound-artwork-for-the-venice-biennale-the-star-of-the-show-is-an-endangered-bush-cricket-259681

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-Evening Report: I created a Vivaldi-inspired sound artwork for the Venice Biennale. The star of the show is an endangered bush-cricket

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Miriama Young, Associate Professor Music Composition, Melbourne Conservatorium of Music, The University of Melbourne

    Marco Zorzanello

    It was late January when I got the call. I’m asked to bring my sound art to a collaborative ecology and design project, Song of the Cricket, for the Venice Biennale of Architecture. When such as invitation arrives, you have no choice but to jump in.

    I see an image of the site for the project: the Gaggiandre at the Arsenale – a medieval shipyard that serviced the Venetian military at its imperial peak.

    Once a resplendent hive of industry, it is even detailed by Dante Alighieri in The Divine Comedy:

    As in the arsenal of the Venetians,
    all winter long a stew of sticky pitch
    boils up to patch their sick and tattered ships
    that cannot sail (instead of voyaging,
    some build new keels, some tow and tar the ribs
    of hulls worn out by too much journeying;
    some hammer at the prow, some at the stern,
    and some make oars, and some braid ropes and cords;
    one mends the jib, another, the mainsail)

    The Gaggiandre is a cavernous, church-like space flanked by stone colonnades, wooden roof beams, and situated, in true Venetian style, on a bed of water. With long reverberation times, music in this space would need to be slowly unfolding, drawing the listener in and inviting them to meditate.

    It is a place of reflection, both metaphorically and physically. To a sound artist, creating for the Gaggiandre is a dream.

    Art and the Anthropocene

    The Song of the Cricket exhibit has been on display at the Biennale since May. Its purpose is to bridge ecological research with sound art to raise awareness for our fragile biodiversity, with a focus on the critically endangered Adriatic bush-cricket, Zeuneriana marmorata.

    Zeuneriana marmorata is a rare species found in wetlands in north-eastern Italy and Slovenia.
    Wikimedia, CC BY-SA

    What better place than Venice – a city slowly sinking – to reflect on where we stand in this moment of environmental collapse?

    The exhibit was created by a large team of collaborators. It features several mobile habitats populated with Zeuneriana. Some of these habitats sit on the Arsenale lawn, while other symbolic habitats float on the water as life rafts. Alongside the enclosures, my pre-composed “sound garden” plays through speakers onto the lawn.

    At the end of the Biennale, the team, led by landscape architect and ecologist Alex Felson, intends to use the life rafts to ceremonially transport incubated eggs to a new home on the mainland.

    The installation features mobile cricket habitats on the lawn, as well as symbolic life rafts on the water.
    Miriama Young

    Sounds of nature and Vivaldi

    On the lawn, the chirrup of live courting bush-crickets blends with pre-recorded sounds of their ancestors. These ancestral sounds might double as a lullaby for newly orphaned eggs, as adults only live a few months.

    The accompanying sound garden is richly diverse, created from an array of fauna sounds drawn from Northern Italian wetland environments, including the Eurasian reed warbler, the cuckoo and, my personal favourite, the green toad.

    My intention is for the soundscape to transport audiences to a different time and place: to a future where these species thrive in a healthy ecology.

    Excerpt from the Song of Crickets sound installation.
    Miriama Young and Monica Lim1.73 MB (download)

    There is a second element to the sound installation, created with support from sound technologist Monica Lim. Informed by the music of Antonio Vivaldi, this element serves to further activate the untapped airspace and enhance visitors’ experience of the site.

    Born in Venice in 1678, Vivaldi is a ubiquitous and avoidable cliché for locals. Yet his music was the perfect inspiration for this project, as it encodes a hidden ecological story.

    Vivaldi incorporated the literal sounds of nature into The Four Seasons (1723), with particular species’ songs annotated onto the score.

    The Song of the Cricket borrows elements from Vivaldi’s Summer: Allegro non Molto. In the short section I drew from, the cuckoo, turtledove and goldfinch are all musically described and credited by Vivaldi.

    And although they are not expressly mentioned, I imagine bush-crickets also pervade Vivaldi’s Summer movement, as we know they were once prolific in the Venice lagoon, and would have filled the summer air during his lifetime. You might hear them in the rapidly repeating (tremolo) string gestures.

    The cricket’s song serves as a indicator of an ecosystem’s health. But the sound of crickets in Venice today is largely missing.

    Our take on Vivaldi is slowed down 30 times, magnified and fragmented, voiced through synthesizers, and piped into the Gaggiandre through five speakers – creating an immersive experience that feels at once futuristic and Baroque.

    Mobile habitats awaiting the Zeuneriana marmorata eggs float on the water.
    Marco Zorzanello

    Bridging the past and an imagined future

    The decision to borrow from music of the Western historical canon (in this case Vivaldi) fits into a burgeoning movement that composer Valentin Silvestrov coined “eschatophony”.

    This is presumably a portmanteau of “eschatology”, the study of the end of the world, and “phony”, which in this case relates to sound (such as symphony). Here, we are left only to wrestle with and re-contextualise our musical past, to create “echoes of history”.

    The inclusion of sound is still a novelty at the architecture Biennale. Of the 300 exhibits this year, I can count on one hand the projects that incorporated sound. All of them were special.

    Sound creates a remarkable theatre, both through its immediacy, as well as its capacity to elevate a project beyond the prosaic, into the poetic.

    Venice is a city where history pervades at every turn. The Song of the Cricket invites listeners in, offering them space to reflect, and to imagine a future where ecosystems might once again thrive.

    This article is part of Making Art Work, our series on what inspires artists and the process of their work.

    Miriama Young does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. I created a Vivaldi-inspired sound artwork for the Venice Biennale. The star of the show is an endangered bush-cricket – https://theconversation.com/i-created-a-vivaldi-inspired-sound-artwork-for-the-venice-biennale-the-star-of-the-show-is-an-endangered-bush-cricket-259681

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-Evening Report: Do women really need more sleep than men? A sleep psychologist explains

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Amelia Scott, Honorary Affiliate and Clinical Psychologist at the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Macquarie University Research Fellow, Macquarie University

    klebercordeiro/Getty

    If you spend any time in the wellness corners of TikTok or Instagram, you’ll see claims women need one to two hours more sleep than men.

    But what does the research actually say? And how does this relate to what’s going on in real life?

    As we’ll see, who gets to sleep, and for how long, is a complex mix of biology, psychology and societal expectations. It also depends on how you measure sleep.

    What does the evidence say?

    Researchers usually measure sleep in two ways:

    • by asking people how much they sleep (known as self-reporting). But people are surprisingly inaccurate at estimating how much sleep they get

    • using objective tools, such as research-grade, wearable sleep trackers or the gold-standard polysomnography, which records brain waves, breathing and movement while you sleep during a sleep study in a lab or clinic.

    Looking at the objective data, well-conducted studies usually show women sleep about 20 minutes more than men.

    One global study of nearly 70,000 people who wore wearable sleep trackers found a consistent, small difference between men and women across age groups. For example, the sleep difference between men and women aged 40–44 was about 23–29 minutes.

    Another large study using polysomnography found women slept about 19 minutes longer than men. In this study, women also spent more time in deep sleep: about 23% of the night compared to about 14% for men. The study also found only men’s quality of sleep declined with age.

    The key caveat to these findings is that our individual sleep needs vary considerably. Women may sleep slightly more on average, just as they are slightly shorter on average. But there is no one-size-fits-all sleep duration, just as there is no universal height.

    Suggesting every woman needs 20 extra minutes (let alone two hours) misses the point. It’s the same as insisting all women should be shorter than all men.

    Even though women tend to sleep a little longer and deeper, they consistently report poorer sleep quality. They’re also about 40% more likely to be diagnosed with insomnia.

    This mismatch between lab findings and the real world is a well-known puzzle in sleep research, and there are many reasons for it.

    For instance, many research studies don’t consider mental health problems, medications, alcohol use and hormonal fluctuations. This filters out the very factors that shape sleep in the real world.

    This mismatch between the lab and the bedroom also reminds us sleep doesn’t happen in a vacuum. Women’s sleep is shaped by a complex mix of biological, psychological and social factors, and this complexity is hard to capture in individual studies.

    Let’s start with biology

    Sleep problems begin to diverge between the sexes around puberty. They spike again during pregnancy, after birth and during perimenopause.

    Fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, particularly oestrogen and progesterone, seem to explain some of these sex differences in sleep.

    For example, many girls and women report poorer sleep during the premenstrual phase just before their periods, when oestrogen and progesterone begin to fall.

    Perhaps the most well-documented hormonal influence on our sleep is the decline in oestrogen during perimenopause. This is linked to increased sleep disturbances, particularly waking at 3am and struggling to get back to sleep.

    Some health conditions also play a part in women’s sleep health. Thyroid disorders and iron deficiency, for instance, are more common in women and are closely linked to fatigue and disrupted sleep.

    How about psychology?

    Women are at much higher risk of depression, anxiety and trauma-related disorders. These very often accompany sleep problems and fatigue. Cognitive patterns, such as worry and rumination, are also more common in women and known to affect sleep.

    Women are also prescribed antidepressants more often than men, and these medications tend to affect sleep.

    Society also plays a role

    Caregiving and emotional labour still fall disproportionately on women. Government data released this year suggests Australian women perform an average nine more hours of unpaid care and work each week than men.

    While many women manage to put enough time aside for sleep, their opportunities for daytime rest are often scarce. This puts a lot of pressure on sleep to deliver all the restoration women need.

    In my work with patients, we often untangle the threads woven into their experience of fatigue. While poor sleep is the obvious culprit, fatigue can also signal something deeper, such as underlying health issues, emotional strain, or too-high expectations of themselves. Sleep is certainly part of the picture, but it’s rarely the whole story.

    For instance, rates of iron deficiency (which we know is more common in women and linked to sleep problems) are also higher in the reproductive years. This is just as many women are raising children and grappling with the “juggle” and the “mental load”.

    Women in perimenopause are often navigating full-time work, teenagers, ageing parents and 3am hot flashes. These women may have adequate or even high-quality sleep (according to objective measures), but that doesn’t mean they wake feeling restored.

    Most existing research also ignores gender-diverse populations. This limits our understanding of how sleep is shaped not just by biology, but by things such as identity and social context.

    So where does this leave us?

    While women sleep longer and better in the lab, they face more barriers to feeling rested in everyday life.

    So, do women need more sleep than men? On average, yes, a little. But more importantly, women need more support and opportunity to recharge and recover across the day, and at night.

    Amelia Scott is a member of the psychology education subcommittee of the Australasian Sleep Association. She receives funding from Macquarie University.

    ref. Do women really need more sleep than men? A sleep psychologist explains – https://theconversation.com/do-women-really-need-more-sleep-than-men-a-sleep-psychologist-explains-259985

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-Evening Report: Do women really need more sleep than men? A sleep psychologist explains

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Amelia Scott, Honorary Affiliate and Clinical Psychologist at the Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, and Macquarie University Research Fellow, Macquarie University

    klebercordeiro/Getty

    If you spend any time in the wellness corners of TikTok or Instagram, you’ll see claims women need one to two hours more sleep than men.

    But what does the research actually say? And how does this relate to what’s going on in real life?

    As we’ll see, who gets to sleep, and for how long, is a complex mix of biology, psychology and societal expectations. It also depends on how you measure sleep.

    What does the evidence say?

    Researchers usually measure sleep in two ways:

    • by asking people how much they sleep (known as self-reporting). But people are surprisingly inaccurate at estimating how much sleep they get

    • using objective tools, such as research-grade, wearable sleep trackers or the gold-standard polysomnography, which records brain waves, breathing and movement while you sleep during a sleep study in a lab or clinic.

    Looking at the objective data, well-conducted studies usually show women sleep about 20 minutes more than men.

    One global study of nearly 70,000 people who wore wearable sleep trackers found a consistent, small difference between men and women across age groups. For example, the sleep difference between men and women aged 40–44 was about 23–29 minutes.

    Another large study using polysomnography found women slept about 19 minutes longer than men. In this study, women also spent more time in deep sleep: about 23% of the night compared to about 14% for men. The study also found only men’s quality of sleep declined with age.

    The key caveat to these findings is that our individual sleep needs vary considerably. Women may sleep slightly more on average, just as they are slightly shorter on average. But there is no one-size-fits-all sleep duration, just as there is no universal height.

    Suggesting every woman needs 20 extra minutes (let alone two hours) misses the point. It’s the same as insisting all women should be shorter than all men.

    Even though women tend to sleep a little longer and deeper, they consistently report poorer sleep quality. They’re also about 40% more likely to be diagnosed with insomnia.

    This mismatch between lab findings and the real world is a well-known puzzle in sleep research, and there are many reasons for it.

    For instance, many research studies don’t consider mental health problems, medications, alcohol use and hormonal fluctuations. This filters out the very factors that shape sleep in the real world.

    This mismatch between the lab and the bedroom also reminds us sleep doesn’t happen in a vacuum. Women’s sleep is shaped by a complex mix of biological, psychological and social factors, and this complexity is hard to capture in individual studies.

    Let’s start with biology

    Sleep problems begin to diverge between the sexes around puberty. They spike again during pregnancy, after birth and during perimenopause.

    Fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, particularly oestrogen and progesterone, seem to explain some of these sex differences in sleep.

    For example, many girls and women report poorer sleep during the premenstrual phase just before their periods, when oestrogen and progesterone begin to fall.

    Perhaps the most well-documented hormonal influence on our sleep is the decline in oestrogen during perimenopause. This is linked to increased sleep disturbances, particularly waking at 3am and struggling to get back to sleep.

    Some health conditions also play a part in women’s sleep health. Thyroid disorders and iron deficiency, for instance, are more common in women and are closely linked to fatigue and disrupted sleep.

    How about psychology?

    Women are at much higher risk of depression, anxiety and trauma-related disorders. These very often accompany sleep problems and fatigue. Cognitive patterns, such as worry and rumination, are also more common in women and known to affect sleep.

    Women are also prescribed antidepressants more often than men, and these medications tend to affect sleep.

    Society also plays a role

    Caregiving and emotional labour still fall disproportionately on women. Government data released this year suggests Australian women perform an average nine more hours of unpaid care and work each week than men.

    While many women manage to put enough time aside for sleep, their opportunities for daytime rest are often scarce. This puts a lot of pressure on sleep to deliver all the restoration women need.

    In my work with patients, we often untangle the threads woven into their experience of fatigue. While poor sleep is the obvious culprit, fatigue can also signal something deeper, such as underlying health issues, emotional strain, or too-high expectations of themselves. Sleep is certainly part of the picture, but it’s rarely the whole story.

    For instance, rates of iron deficiency (which we know is more common in women and linked to sleep problems) are also higher in the reproductive years. This is just as many women are raising children and grappling with the “juggle” and the “mental load”.

    Women in perimenopause are often navigating full-time work, teenagers, ageing parents and 3am hot flashes. These women may have adequate or even high-quality sleep (according to objective measures), but that doesn’t mean they wake feeling restored.

    Most existing research also ignores gender-diverse populations. This limits our understanding of how sleep is shaped not just by biology, but by things such as identity and social context.

    So where does this leave us?

    While women sleep longer and better in the lab, they face more barriers to feeling rested in everyday life.

    So, do women need more sleep than men? On average, yes, a little. But more importantly, women need more support and opportunity to recharge and recover across the day, and at night.

    Amelia Scott is a member of the psychology education subcommittee of the Australasian Sleep Association. She receives funding from Macquarie University.

    ref. Do women really need more sleep than men? A sleep psychologist explains – https://theconversation.com/do-women-really-need-more-sleep-than-men-a-sleep-psychologist-explains-259985

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: Catholic clergy are speaking out on immigration − more than any other political issue except abortion

    Source: The Conversation – USA (3) – By Evan Stewart, Assistant Professor of Sociology, UMass Boston

    Catholic bishops invited by Mark Seitz, center, the bishop of El Paso, Texas, lead a march in solidarity with migrants on March 24, 2025, in downtown El Paso. AP Photo/Andres Leighton

    Catholic priests across the U.S. discuss immigration with their congregations more than leaders in many other faith traditions, according to our new research published in the journal Sociological Focus.

    Catholic priests also said they discussed immigration more than nearly all other political issues, including hunger in their communities, capital punishment, health care and the environment. Abortion was the only one priests discussed slightly more often.

    Our study, which uses data from the 2022 National Survey of Religious Leaders, found that 71% of Catholic priests surveyed said they spoke about any political issue with their congregations. Among them, just over half talked about immigration.

    In white conservative Protestant congregations, Black Protestant congregations and non-Christian congregations, only about a quarter of leaders who discussed political issues said they talked about immigration. Leaders of white liberal Protestant congregations, however, talked about the topic almost as much as Catholic leaders did.

    Why it matters

    The United States has a long history of religious leaders addressing political matters, on both the left and the right – and today is no different.

    With immigration raids on the rise across the country and an unprecedented level of funding approved for deportations, Catholic bishops in the U.S. are speaking out. Many of them have called for compassion and care for migrants and the need to uphold human dignity and due process, regardless of someone’s immigration status – in line with Catholic social teaching.

    As sociologists who study politics and religion, we wanted to know what is happening on the ground in congregations. Given the church’s teachings about caring for the vulnerable, we expected that Catholic clergy might be particularly likely to speak out.

    However, the percentage of people affiliated with a religious congregation is decreasing, and those who do attend are increasingly politically conservative. Rank and file Catholics are very divided on their support for immigrants, according to a 2024 national survey by the Center for Applied Research in the Apostolate.

    In this context, we were curious about whether clergy would discuss a political issue such as immigration with their congregations or say they avoid it altogether.

    What still isn’t known

    The survey we used is from 2022, before some of today’s immigration enforcement policies took effect. That said, these findings demonstrate that immigration was on the radar for Catholic leaders before the recent changes under the current administration.

    Because we focused on survey data, we got a good picture of trends among Catholic leaders nationwide. However, we could look only at whether religious leaders reported discussing immigration; we could not know exactly what they said, or how. There is much more to learn about what kinds of political messages come from the pulpit today and what messages tend to stick with congregants.

    We did find that Catholic leaders of congregations where the majority of worshipers are Hispanic were much more likely to talk about immigration, compared with leaders of non-Catholic Hispanic congregations and Catholic leaders of mostly white congregations. Because Hispanic communities in the U.S. are facing the brunt of the immigration crackdown, this finding shows that Catholic leaders have been addressing the needs of their communities.

    What’s next

    Catholic parishioners may be exposed to different opinions about immigration from religious and political leaders. Diane, one of the authors, is furthering this research by conducting interviews with Catholics in Greater Boston. By asking church members to talk through their attitudes toward immigrants, we can learn more about how people make sense of complicated ethical questions.

    The Research Brief is a short take on interesting academic work.

    Diane Beckman received funding from Duke University to conduct research using data from the National Survey of Religious Leaders.

    Evan Stewart does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. Catholic clergy are speaking out on immigration − more than any other political issue except abortion – https://theconversation.com/catholic-clergy-are-speaking-out-on-immigration-more-than-any-other-political-issue-except-abortion-260485

    MIL OSI

  • MIL-OSI China: Shanghai’s Pudong attracts more foreign investment

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    East China’s Shanghai Pudong New Area received more than 3.14 billion U.S. dollars in actualized foreign investment in the first five months of the year, an increase of 32.3 percent year on year, official data shows.

    The area has taken measures to encourage foreign manufacturers to upgrade their factories to high-end, intelligent and green versions, and to attract advanced manufacturing projects to fill gaps in, strengthen links of, and extend the industrial chains.

    Swiss pharmaceutical giant Roche is one of the many companies that have ramped up investment in Pudong. In the first half of this year, Roche built a new production base in Zhangjiang Science City, with a construction area of about 25,000 square meters.

    The base is expected to be completed in 2029 and put into operation in 2031. This project will strengthen Roche’s supply chain and local production layout in China and comprehensively enhance the complete medical value chain, according to the company.

    China’s large market provides a stage for the development of foreign-funded enterprises. “The implementation of this project marks a significant development in Roche’s local production capacity in China and represents a major breakthrough in the local production of innovative drugs in this important market,” said Vivian Bian, CEO of Roche Pharma China.

    This new investment also enables Roche to better meet the needs of Chinese patients and respond to local demands more quickly, Bian added. 

    MIL OSI China News

  • MIL-OSI China: Nvidia CEO eyes ‘great future’ in Chinese market

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang delivers a speech at the opening ceremony of the third China International Supply Chain Expo (CISCE) in Beijing, capital of China, July 16, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]

    Hailing China as a “dynamic and innovative” market, Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang on Wednesday reaffirmed his long-term commitment to the country during a media briefing in Beijing.

    The founder of one of the world’s most valuable tech firms is in the Chinese capital this week for the opening ceremony of the third China International Supply Chain Expo. This is Huang’s third visit to China since the start of 2025, and he plans to make the most of it by also participating in related events.

    Noting that China has become a leading technology market and is growing rapidly, Huang told reporters the country is a key market with many dynamic and innovative customers.

    If you want to be a great company and a great supplier, you need not only excellent products but also excellent customers. China has that kind of customer, Huang said.

    “We are doing our best to serve the market here,” he added.

    Eyeing what he called a “great future” in the Chinese market, Huang emphasized the importance of further expanding the company’s presence in China.

    “If you want to maintain, you have to invest,” he said. “The market is moving so fast and it’s so competitive — we have to continue to advance ourselves.”

    Huang, however, welcomed the rise of Chinese competitors, calling them a force for industry progress.

    Huang said that China has formidable companies and the technologies they’ve created are impressive.

    “They’re not my enemies, they’re my competitors… and we can make each other better. We can make the market better, we can make the industry better,” he said.

    On Tuesday, Huang told a group of journalists that the company will resume the sales of its H20 AI chips to China. Following this announcement, Nvidia’s shares surged 4.04 percent.

    Huang revisited this topic at the media briefing on Wednesday. “I hope to get more advanced chips into China than H20. And the reason is that technology is always moving on.”

    “Some years from now, we will have more and better technologies. And I think it’s sensible that whatever we are allowed to sell in China will continue to get better over time as well,” he said.

    Huang also hailed the talent pool of China, especially in the sector of artificial intelligence.

    “There are really extraordinary engineers and professionals in China,” said the senior executive. “We are expanding in China all the time. We continue to advance our technology and our contribution to markets, which will give us an opportunity to hire more people.”

    MIL OSI China News

  • MIL-OSI China: Chinese business group urges fairness in EU tariff measures on EVs

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    A delegation from the automotive working group of the China Chamber of Commerce to the European Union (CCCEU) has urged EU officials to ensure fair market access for Chinese electric vehicle (EV) manufacturers.

    During discussions with European policymakers on Tuesday and Wednesday, representatives from the CCCEU’s automotive working group voiced concern that external political pressure could exert a “spillover effect” on EU policy decisions, potentially shifting the bloc’s approach from “de-risking” to “decoupling” from China.

    They expressed concerns that Chinese products might be labeled as “engaging in trade diversion,” thus having to face restrictions in the European market, and that escalating EU-U.S. trade tensions could affect the stability of the European market.

    The CCCEU representatives noted that the European Commission’s decision to impose additional tariffs on Chinese-made EVs contradicts the EU’s climate ambitions by restricting access to affordable zero-emission vehicles.

    “Chinese EV companies offer competitive, clean transportation solutions and should be granted fair and equitable market access in Europe,” the group said.

    The group expressed hope that negotiations over EV price caps would lead to a mutually acceptable agreement, bringing greater certainty to bilateral and global trade.

    In addition, the delegation raised concerns about increasing regulatory barriers facing Chinese investors, citing the EU’s foreign subsidies regulation and foreign direct investment screening framework.

    They called for more transparency and impartiality in the development of future legislation, including the upcoming EU automotive industry action plan. 

    MIL OSI China News

  • MIL-OSI China: China hailed as stabilizing global force

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    China Daily | July 17, 2025

    China, which is advancing on its unique path to modernization, has consistently acted as a stabilizing force in and major contributor to global growth, through initiatives such as green transformation and technological innovation, said senior international executives.

    Beijing has demonstrated its commitment to sustainable and high-quality development, attracting global investment, said John McLean, chairman of the City of London Branch of the Institute of Directors in the United Kingdom.

    With a commitment to high-quality development, China is accelerating green, digital and smart transformation, which, coupled with the country’s sophisticated industrial ecosystem, provides the best testing ground for the latest outcomes of technological revolution and industrial upgrading.

    Such transformation has not only boosted domestic economic growth, but also strengthened China’s position as a key player in the global economy, McLean said in an exclusive interview with China Daily.

    He said this reflects the consistent perseverance of China’s top leadership to deepen opening-up policies and foster a fair, transparent and predictable business environment for global investors.

    During a meeting with more than 40 representatives of the international business community in Beijing in March, President Xi Jinping pledged to strengthen communication with foreign businesses, provide as much convenience as possible for them to trade and invest in China, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of foreign businesses in accordance with the law.

    From “Made in China” to “new quality productive forces”, China has empowered industrial transformation and upgrading through innovation, and is set to realize higher-quality and more sustainable development, said foreign business leaders.

    For years, China has been attracting global investors with its strong economic growth, adaptability and collaborative potential, McLean said while sharing his perspectives on China’s economic potential, the evolving global trade landscape, and the strengthening of ties between China and the international business community.

    Drawing on over 26 years of experience in China, McLean expressed strong confidence in the nation’s economic management and resilience. He highlighted China’s remarkable achievements over the past two decades, including advancements in technology, clean energy and artificial intelligence, which have positioned it as a global leader in innovation.

    McLean said China’s economic growth target of around 5 percent for this year is a reasonable and attainable goal that will bolster confidence and stability amid increasing global uncertainty.

    “China’s growth has always been under scrutiny — whether it’s 10 percent, 8 percent or 5 percent. But its leadership in global markets has consistently demonstrated the ability to adapt and drive progress,” McLean said, noting that China’s GDP grew 5 percent year-on-year in 2024, ranking among the world’s fastest-growing major economies.

    He said China’s recent opening-up policies, such as visa-free travel measures, are helping to reshape perceptions and attract foreign entrepreneurs to conduct business in the country.

    To further encourage global exchanges, China has expanded the list of unilateral visa-free countries to 47 and transit visa-free countries to 55. McLean described such policies as “a significant step in the right direction”, emphasizing their role in fostering greater mobility and openness.

    These efforts have yielded results. Data from the National Immigration Administration showed that China recorded 163 million passenger trips in the first quarter of 2025, up 15.3 percent year-on-year.

    Meanwhile, the Ministry of Commerce reported that actual use of foreign direct investment in the Chinese mainland climbed 13.2 percent year-on-year in March. In the first quarter of 2025 alone, 12,603 new foreign-invested enterprises were established nationwide, representing a year-on-year rise of 4.3 percent.

    Bernd Einmeier, president of the German-Chinese Association for Economy, Education and Culture, said the stable growth momentum of China’s economy serves as an important global public good, helping to buffer uncertainty across international markets.

    Foreign business operations and investments in China have driven economic growth and employment, boosted technological and managerial progress and facilitated reform and opening-up. In this process, foreign businesses have thrived and generally enjoyed handsome returns, and they also have achieved win-win results and forged profound friendships with the Chinese people, he added.

    During an earlier business trip to China, Jeff Williams, Apple’s chief operating officer, visited Apple supplier Goertek in Shandong province and praised its use of automated manufacturing and artificial intelligence technology on production lines.

    “China is a central part of our critical supply chain, and we’ve been investing here for 30 years,” said Williams. “We will continue to invest in China in a big way.”

    Maximilian Butek, executive director and board member of the German Chamber of Commerce in China-East China, said, “Foreign companies can invest here because they find a good business environment, and those investments are also long-term.”

    “China’s continuous efforts in modernization and its openness to foreign investment have created a dynamic market that benefits both domestic and international stakeholders,” Butek said.

    As China moves forward, its role as a stabilizing force in the global economy will grow stronger, fostering prosperity and deeper collaboration, he added.

    MIL OSI China News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Murphy: Trump is Surrendering American Soft Power to Our Adversaries and Destroying Senate Norms in the Process

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Connecticut – Chris Murphy
    [embedded content]
    WASHINGTON—U.S. Senator Chris Murphy (D-Conn.), a member of the U.S. Senate Foreign Relations Committee, took to the floor of the U.S. Senate to speak out against President Trump’s unprecedented partisan rescissions package, which would codify devastating cuts to foreign aid and counter-propaganda efforts, surrendering American global power to China and our adversaries. Murphy also argued that Republicans’ bad faith exploitation of Senate rules imperils the bipartisan budget process, eroding longstanding Congressional norms and making it likely that Democrats will do the same when in power. 
    Murphy highlighted that Trump and Senate Republicans’ actions are unprecedented: “Never before has either party done what Republicans are doing today – pass a partisan rescissions bill, double crossing the minority party and cancelling spending that just months before, both parties had shook hands on…That’s a double cross. That’s immoral. Suckering your partner into a deal, in which you each get something, and then using the back door to cancel the part of the deal you don’t like. That’s immoral. That’s bad faith. And that’s why no party has done this in 40 years.”
    Laying out the stakes for longstanding Senate norms and the bipartisan budget process, Murphy continued: “It will become hard, maybe even impossible, to write a bipartisan budget ever again, because the minority party knows they can get double crossed. And believe me, if you do this now, Democrats will do it to you when we are back in charge.”
    Explaining why American soft power matters, Murphy said: “You need a lot more than just planes and tanks and ships to protect your interests. You need a powerful military, but adults – in particular, adults who have any experience in national security – know that the octopus of global power has a lot of arms. Military might. But also information might. Economic might. Diplomatic might. Energy might. Humanitarian might. This revisions bill cancels billions of dollars in investments in non-military foreign policy tools. And it is part of a broader effort by the Trump administration to destroy almost every tool that protects American interests other than our military…And this military myopia, it makes me remember my 8-year-old self, because it is so childish, so immature, so divorced from reality. Donald Trump’s national security strategy, fund the military and destroy every other way that we confront Russia, China, Iran, non-state actors, it could have been constructed by an 8-year-old. It’s that unsophisticated. And it really amounts to surrender.
    Noting how China is fast expanding their global power to capitalize on Trump’s surrender of American leadership, Murphy said: “China is now the preferred economic development partner for many nations. China is now the dominant force in standard-setting boards for global commerce. This is a choice the Trump administration is making, to make China – and to a certain extent Russia, in certain forms – the dominant power when it comes to economic statecraft, information statecraft, energy statecraft.” 
    Murphy continued: “Trump terminated tens of millions in projects to help upgrade Africa’s power grid. China’s not dumb. They know Africa’s economy is going to boom in the next fifty years. They want Chinese companies, not American companies to have relationships there. They know that many of the critical minerals that are going to be critical to AI and the future of defense come from Africa. They want better relations in Africa to corner those markets. So, what did they do? Trump pulled back $80 million. China stepped in and announced $50 billion in financing for economic development and infrastructure in Africa. Now, a lot of that is bluster and some of the financing is predatory. But it’s something. At a moment when America is just withdrawing from Africa.” 
    Murphy concluded: “Trump’s national security strategy—fund the military and destroy every other way that we confront Russia and China and non-state actors—could have been constructed by an 8-year-old. It’s that unsophisticated… It’s all surrender. China is throwing a blowout party as we disappear our non-military power from the world.”
    A full transcript of his remarks is available below.
    MURPHY: “Thank you, Mr. President.
    “Mr. President, eight times since 1974, when Congress created the rescissions process, one party has controlled the White House, the Senate, and the House of Representatives. Eight times. It’s actually four times Democratic control and four times Republican control. Eight times, one party had total control over the elements of the federal government necessary to pass legislation. And never before has either party done what Republicans are doing today: pass a partisan rescissions bill, double-crossing the minority party and canceling spending that just months before both parties shook hands on. 
    “Why? Why has this never happened before? Well, because this is just an old-fashioned double-cross. It’s a con job. Republicans and Democrats agreed on spending levels. First, in a bipartisan appropriations bill passed in March of 2023, and then again, in multiple bipartisan continuing resolutions. 
    “When a party controls the White House and both houses of Congress, it always has the power to use the rescissions process to pull a fast one. To agree with the minority party on a budget – because the rules say you need 60 votes to pass a budget – to get majority party priorities funded in exchange for funding minority party priorities, and then to use the rescissions process to just double-cross the minority, by using that process – which only requires 50 votes – to just then cancel the minority party’s priorities. 
    “That’s immoral. It’s unethical. Suckering your partner into a deal, in which you get something and they get something, and then using the back door to cancel the part of the deal that you don’t like. That’s bad faith. It’s why no party has it since 1972. The power has always existed: eight different times, either the Democratic Party or the Republican Party could have cut a bipartisan spending deal and then then used the rescissions power to just cancel the parts of the deal they don’t like. But it’s never happened. Because it’s bad faith, because it destroys the ability of the Senate to function in a bipartisan way. 
    “It’s kind of like if you traded baseball cards as a kid and you made a trade with your best friend. And then in the middle of the night, you snuck into his house and you took your cards back. So that you had his cards, and now you had your cards as well. Nobody would think that’s right, but that’s exactly what’s happening here.
    “It will become hard, maybe even impossible – Senator Tillis laid this out very well – to write a bipartisan budget ever again, because the minority party now knows that they can get double-crossed. And believe me, if Republicans do this now, Democrats are going to do it when they are in charge. This will become the norm. Sit down, do a bipartisan deal, wink wink, and then a couple months later, just cancel the agreement through a partisan rescissions process. 
    “And of course, this is now the third time in seven short months that the new Republican majority has made substantial, meaningful changes to Senate rules and norms.
    “Senate Republicans created a brand-new rule that massively expands their ability to invalidate actions of the previous Democratic administration.
    “Just a couple weeks ago, Republicans walked away from decades of precedent on how Senate bills are scored,  and they used new, magic math to create a score that hid the actual cost of their budget bill.
    “And now, this double cross.
    “But, Mr. President, this isn’t just about breaking the Senate. That’s actually probably the least serious consequence of what is happening here.
    “The most serious consequence is what is happening to American power around the world as Donald Trump and Republicans, in part through this rescissions bill, destroy every single non-military tool that we use around the world to protect our interests.
    “When I was eight or nine years old, I collected G.I. Joe figures, and one Christmas I remember being so excited because Santa Claus brought me the huge G.I. Joe aircraft carrier. It was awesome. I was obsessed with the military like a lot of boys that age. The planes, the tanks, the ships.
    “That’s what I thought American power was – the U.S. military, period, stop. 
    “And of course, that’s an eight-year-old’s view of the world. The world, as it turns out, is a lot more complicated. You need a lot more than just planes and tanks and ships to protect your interests. You need a powerful military, but adults – in particular, adults who have any experience in national security – know that the octopus of global power has a lot of arms. Military might. But also information might. Economic might. Diplomatic might. Energy might. Humanitarian might.
    “This revisions bill cancels billions of dollars in investments in non-military foreign policy tools. And it is part of a broader effort by the Trump administration to destroy almost every tool that protects American interests other than our military. Over the last 10 years, the defense budget has grown from about $502 billion to $825 billion. That’s an extraordinary ten-year increase of about $323 billion. Over that same period of time, the State Department budget has grown from $54 billion to $56 billion. – a $2 billion increase. Now if you layer in emergency funds, that increase is more like $30 billion. But you’re still talking about an increase for the military over the past ten years that is ten times the size of the increase for nonmilitary tools.
    “And this military myopia, it makes me remember my 8-year-old self, because it is so childish, so immature, so divorced from reality. Donald Trump’s national security strategy, fund the military and destroy every other way that we confront Russia, China, Iran, non-state actors, it could have been constructed by an 8-year-old. It’s that unsophisticated.
    “And it really amounts to surrender. 
    “Because as we stop projecting nonmilitary power around the world, China and Russia, but especially China, they just celebrate and step into the void. 
    “Secretary Rubio announced on March 10 that 83% of USAID programs will be terminated. 
    “Meanwhile, China just announced an 8.4% increase in its own diplomatic budget for 2025, committing 500 million additional dollars to the World Health Organization over the next five years – an organization that the United States no longer belongs to. As a result of our cuts standing next to China’s investments in diplomatic power, China will surpass the United States – this year for the first time – as the largest bilateral assistance partner for 40 countries. China is the power at the World Health organization. They call the shots about the standards of global health and pandemic relief. 
    “China is now the preferred economic development partner for many nations. China is now the dominant force in standard-setting boards for global commerce. This is a choice the Trump administration is making, to make China – and to a certain extent Russia, in certain forms – the dominant power when it comes to economic statecraft, information statecraft, energy statecraft. 
    “Let me give you a specific example. Today, information is power. If you control information flows, man, you control politics, you control economics, you control culture. 
    “China spends about $7 billion a year to promote their communist narrative to undermine U.S. leadership around the world and foster a China-friendly media environment globally. Russia, it’s really hard to know how much Russia spends because they’re not publicly reporting much of it. But they certainly spend at least $1.5 billion, but probably double that. And in many countries, Russia and China control the information space. Russian-backed candidates win elections in countries on their periphery simply because of Russian information programs. Asian countries box the United States and U.S. companies out of economic competition because of Chinese information programs.
    “And so faced with China and Russia spending somewhere in the neighborhood of $10 billion, when the United States, today, is spending only a fraction of that amount of money, it would stand to reason this would be a moment where we should come together, Republicans and Democrats, and dramatically increase our information warfare investments.
    “But of course, we are doing exactly the opposite. Trump is in the middle of a purposeful, relentless campaign to destroy – to destroy America’s global information power. 
    “The Trump administration just shut down the Global Engagement Center – that is the capacity at the State Department to try to counter Russian and Chinese propaganda around the world – gone, just gone. Global Engagement Center, bipartisan commitment set up years ago by myself and Rob Portman, supported by Marco Rubio when he was a senator, now just doesn’t exist anymore. The administration is dismantling the U.S. Agency for Global Media – that’s the umbrella arm that oversees our information programs around the world – they laid off 92% of its staff. Voice of America, the Middle East Broadcasting Network, Radio Free Europe, Radio Free Asia, they are on track to disappear. The arm of the VOA that combats Iranian anti-American information – gone. 54 different radio frequencies operated by Radio Free Asia to counter Chinese anti-American propaganda – gone. 
    At the same time, China is opening up 80 new radio frequencies in multiple languages, including in those regions where America is disappearing. We are handed the world to China and Russia by deciding to view American power only through a military lens. And this rescissions bill makes it worse by enacting billions of dollars of cuts, to diplomacy, to economic development programs, likely to information programs because we actually can’t see the impact of all of these cuts. 
    “It’s all surrender. China is throwing a blowout party as we disappear our nonmilitary power from the world. 
    “Trump terminated tens of millions of dollars in projects to upgrade Africa’s power grid. What did China do? They announced $50 billion of new financing for Africa. Africa, a place where the critical minerals exist to power A.I. and future defense systems. Africa, the part of the world whose economy’s going to explode with opportunity – now opportunity that will go to Chinese companies, not American companies, as we withdraw our relationships with that continent. As China steps into the breach. 
    “This revisions bill, standing next to Trump’s destruction of all of our non-military foreign policy tools, it’s surrender to our enemies. 
    “This bill is a double-cross. It is. It’s a double-cross. It’s going to harm our ability to ever be able to do a bipartisan budget process in the future. But even worse, this bill is surrender to our adversaries who are chomping at the bit to fill the void that we are creating by adopting the national security strategy of an 8-year-old boy.”

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Padilla, Schiff, Booker, Markey Lead 28 Senate Colleagues in Effort to Protect California’s Proposition 12

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator Alex Padilla (D-Calif.)

    Padilla, Schiff, Booker, Markey Lead 28 Senate Colleagues in Effort to Protect California’s Proposition 12

    Senators: “The Food Security and Farm Protection Act would harm America’s small farmers and infringe on the fundamental rights of states to establish laws and regulations within their own borders.”

    This letter follows an announcement last week from the Trump Administration seeking to undermine Proposition 12 and other state laws.

    WASHINGTON, D.C. — U.S. Senators Alex Padilla (D-Calif.), Adam Schiff (D-Calif.), Cory Booker (D-N.J.), and Edward J. Markey (D-Mass.) led 28 of their Senate colleagues in strongly objecting to the inclusion of the Food Security and Farm Protection Act in the next Farm Bill or in any other legislation. This letter follows a frivolous Trump Administration lawsuit announced last week seeking to undermine Proposition 12 and other state laws.  

    In a letter to Senate Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Committee Chair John Boozman (R-Ark.) and Ranking Member Amy Klobuchar (D-Minn.), the Senators raised concerns over the risk this legislation poses to California’s Proposition 12, Massachusetts’ Question 3, and other similar laws nationwide that allow states regulate their own food standards. They also highlighted how undermining these measures would hurt American farmers who have long met the standards set by Proposition 12 or who already invested in resources to comply.  

    “This legislation would have a sweeping impact if passed—threatening countless state laws and opening the floodgates to unnecessary litigation. The bill is particularly draconian in that it aims to negate state and local laws when there are no federal standards to take their place, creating an overnight regulatory vacuum,” wrote the Senators. “In doing so, it would drastically broaden the scope of federal preemption, and disregard the wisdom of duly-enacted laws that address local concerns.” 

    “Countless farmers who wanted to take advantage of this market opportunity invested resources and made necessary modifications to be compliant. Federal preemption of these laws would be picking the winners and losers, and would seriously harm farmers who made important investments,” continued the Senators. 

    Fifteen states, including California, have implemented public health, food safety, and human standards for the in-state production and sale of certain products, following demands from consumers, food companies, and farmers. These standards include consumer information safeguards, food quality and safety regulations, animal welfare standards, and more.  

    In addition to Padilla, Schiff, Booker, and Markey, the letter is signed by Senators Angela Alsobrooks (D-Md.), Richard Blumenthal (D-Conn.), Lisa Blunt Rochester (D-Del.), Maria Cantwell (D-Wash.), Christopher Coons (D-Del.), Tammy Duckworth (D-Ill.), John Fetterman (D-Pa.), Ruben Gallego (D-Ariz.), Kirsten Gillibrand (D-N.Y.), Maggie Hassan (D-N.H.), Martin Heinrich (D-N.M), Mazie Hirono (D-Hawaii), Mark Kelly (D-Ariz.), Andy Kim (D-N.J.), Angus King (I-Maine), Jeffrey Merkley (D-Ore.), Chris Murphy (D-Conn.), Patty Murray (D-Wash.), Gary Peters (D-Mich.), Ben Ray Luján (D-N.M.), Jack Reed (D-R.I.), Bernie Sanders (I-Vt.), Brian Schatz (D-Hawaii), Chris Van Hollen (D-Md.), Elizabeth Warren (D-Mass.), Peter Welch (D-Vt.), Sheldon Whitehouse (D-R.I.), and Ron Wyden (D-Ore.).

    Full text of the letter is available here and below:     

    Dear Chairman Boozman and Ranking Member Klobuchar: 

    We write today expressing our strong opposition to inclusion of the “Food Security and Farm Protection Act” (S. 1326), previously known as the “Ending Agricultural Trade Suppression Act (EATS) Act,” or any similar legislation in the next Farm Bill. Modeled after former Representative Steve King’s amendment, which was intensely controversial and ultimately excluded from the final 2014 and 2018 Farm Bills, the Food Security and Farm Protection Act would harm America’s small farmers and infringe on the fundamental rights of states to establish laws and regulations within their own borders. 

    This legislation would have a sweeping impact if passed—threatening countless state laws and opening the floodgates to unnecessary litigation. The bill is particularly draconian in that it aims to negate state and local laws when there are no federal standards to take their place, creating an overnight regulatory vacuum. In doing so, it would drastically broaden the scope of federal preemption, and disregard the wisdom of duly-enacted laws that address local concerns.  

    The range of potentially impacted laws includes measures aimed at protecting states from invasive pests and infectious disease, health and safety standards, consumer information safeguards, food quality and safety regulations, animal welfare standards, and fishing regulations. Below are just a few of the many areas that could be impacted by the Food Security and Farm Protection Act:  

    • Alabama, Iowa, Nebraska, and South Dakota regulate the labeling of bitter almonds or prohibit their sale as a poison. Florida prohibits the sale of citrus fruits containing arsenic. 
    • Arkansas, Connecticut, Florida, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Minnesota, New York, Oregon, Utah, Vermont and Wisconsin have laws that restrict the importation of firewood in order to prevent the spread of invasive pests and diseases. Additionally, at least 23 states have restrictions on the importation of Ash trees in order to prevent the spread of the emerald ash borer. Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, South Carolina and Texas are among states that have passed laws to prevent the spread of the Asian citrus psyllid, which causes citrus greening, and many states have implemented regulations to protect iconic species of trees that grow in various regions of the United States.  
    • Arkansas, Kansas, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, and Texas have laws governing sales within their states of seeds and seed oils. Dozens of states have enacted laws on noxious weeds, rules for spraying manure on fields, sourcing requirements, and many other agricultural matters. 
    • Many states impose additional requirements beyond federal regulations to address risks to cattle from brucellosis (48 states), bovine tuberculosis (41 states), and Johne’s Disease (North Dakota, Wisconsin, and Wyoming).  

    Demand from consumers, food companies, and the farming community has propelled 15 states to enact public health, food safety, and humane standards for the in-state production and sale of products from egg-laying chickens, veal calves, and sows. The Food Security and Farm Protection Act was introduced with the primary goal of undermining these standards – particularly California’s Proposition 12, in response to the Supreme Court’s recent decision upholding that law, and Massachusetts’s Question 3. Last Congress, the House Agriculture Committee included a similarly harmful provision in their Farm Bill draft, adding another poison pill that contributed to a lack of progress on the next Farm Bill.  

    California’s Proposition 12 has been in full effect for over a year, while Massachusetts’s Question 3 has been in full effect since 2023. The demand for Proposition 12- and Question 3- compliant products has been met. Countless farmers who wanted to take advantage of this market opportunity invested resources and made necessary modifications to be compliant. Federal preemption of these laws would be picking the winners and losers, and would seriously harm farmers who made important investments.  

    Due to these concerns, we respectfully ask that you reject inclusion of this provision in any form, as you did in the 2014 and 2018 Farm Bills.  

    Thank you, and we look forward to working with you to pass a bipartisan Farm Bill. 

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Cramer Welcomes Governor Armstrong at EPW Hearing, Questions Witnesses on EV Registration Fee and Permitting

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator Kevin Cramer (R-ND)

    ***Click here for audio. Click here for video***

    WASHINGTON, D.C. – The Senate Environment and Public Works (EPW) Committee held a hearing to discuss the development of the Surface Transportation Reauthorization Bill.

    U.S. Senator Kevin Cramer (R-ND), Chair of the EPW Transportation and Infrastructure Subcommittee, introduced the first witness, North Dakota Governor Kelly Armstrong (R-ND).

    “What’s interesting to me about Governor Armstrong is he’s not naturally a politician at all,” said Cramer. “In fact, he’s quite naturally the opposite. […] But Governor Armstrong brings that perspective, and as I look forward to hearing from the mayor, I think for all of us up here, it’s really, really important to remember that there’s probably no better illustration of the juxtaposition of the relationship between the federal government, local and state governments than in infrastructure.

    “Kelly brings that very important perspective from a rural state that produces a lot of things that we don’t consume in our own state, or at least we don’t consume nearly in the supply that we provide to a hungry world and a growing economy,” continued Cramer. “Whether it’s energy or food or how you get durum wheat to turn into semolina flour to get it to a pasta plant, to get it to the restaurant in New York. He understands it all, and he understands the relationship. I’m really grateful he’s here.”

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    Cramer first mentioned the importance of providing highway funds to states through a set formula, an approach he worked to maintain under the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act. This approach ensures states have consistent funding and flexibility to meet their constituents needs. 

    Cramer then began his questioning by addressing the broader challenge of funding the nation’s transportation infrastructure. He discussed how the highway system is built on a user-pays model, with drivers contributing to the Highway Trust Fund (HTF) through the federal gas tax paid at the pump.  However, he noted current revenue is not adequate to meet national needs, and electric and hybrid vehicles use the roads and bridges but pay less into the system.

    He asked witnesses to weigh in with solutions for increasing HTF revenue and ensuring all drivers contribute fairly. Cramer noted many states, including North Dakota, charge registration fees for electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrids so they are paying into the system. While gas taxes are paid at both the state and federal level, there is no mechanism at the federal level accounting for EVs’ use of roads and bridges.

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    “Every car, combustion or otherwise, is driving a lot more on that 18.3 cents that is being taken in,” said Armstrong. “And I think as you get more and more other vehicles on the road, there is going to be a disparity there. […] I think whatever four-tired vehicle that ends up on the road is going to utilize that road and is going to require maintenance and upkeep and all of those things.”

    “It’s important to me that we adequately fund the National Highway Trust Fund,” said Kate Gallego, Mayor of the City of Phoenix. “We would like to make sure it’s adequate funding, we want to protect privacy, any new solution, we think technology needs to be ready to go on day one. This is so essential we have to get it right.”

    Cramer concluded by asking witnesses if they have closing recommendations for accelerating the delivery of infrastructure projects.

    “You know, this is a really complicated topic, but I actually think the solutions are pretty simple,” said Austin Ramirez, President and CEO of Husco, an engineering and manufacturing company. “We need deadlines in the regulatory process that are enforceable, and we need limited expedited judicial review. I think if we do those two things, we’ll actually get infrastructure dollars from being approved and allocated to actually being spent and invested in new projects.”

    “I think you all have a unique opportunity, because a lot of the fights that are associated with infrastructure reform don’t apply to roads, but try getting a bridge permitted across the federal waterway,” responded Armstrong. “And we’re not building new ones, we’re replacing the existing one. But every one of our constituents wants this kind of infrastructure and you don’t get into some of the ideological fights that exist in transmission or pipelines.”

    MIL OSI USA News