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Category: Europe

  • MIL-OSI Africa: South Africa’s debt has skyrocketed – new rules are needed to manage it

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Robert Botha, Research Fellow at the Impumelelo Economic Growth Lab. The Impumelelo Economic Growth Lab is a unit of the Bureau for Economic Research (BER), Stellenbosch University

    South Africa’s fiscal trajectory paints a concerning picture. Public expenditure exceeds revenue. As a result sovereign debt is building up and interest on this debt is increasing.

    This raises concerns over the South African government’s financial sustainability. The debt-to-GDP ratio has skyrocketed from 23.6% in 2008/09 to a projected 74.7% in 2024/25. The International Monetary Fund has recommended that, over the long term, South Africa should reduce its debt-to-GDP ratio to 60% of GDP, in line with that of peers.

    Arguably more important than the debt level is how quickly debt has accumulated. Debt servicing costs, which consist of the interest on government debt and other costs directly associated with borrowing, have been the fastest-growing line item in the national budget. Rising interest payments have been crowding out critical expenditures on services such as health, education and infrastructure.

    As I argue in a recently published report titled “A fiscal anchor for South Africa: Avoiding the mistakes of the past”, establishing a credible fiscal anchor (or fiscal rule) could be step towards avoiding a debt spiral and regaining fiscal sustainability and credibility.

    Fiscal rules are constraints on fiscal policy, designed to impose numerical limits. For example, a limit on the allowable debt-to-GDP ratio, or the allowable balance after accounting for government expenditure and revenue. Fiscal rules are widely used – 105 countries have adopted them so far.

    Failing to address the country’s fiscal challenges risks plunging South Africa into a debt trap. This happens when a country finds it difficult to escape a cycle of debt and has to borrow more to pay off old debt. If debt-servicing costs continue to rise, essential public services will come under even greater strain.

    Several emerging markets have experienced the severe consequences of unchecked debt accumulation and debt servicing costs. Argentina is one example. Without a credible plan to stabilise and reduce debt and debt servicing costs, the risk of economic stagnation and financial instability grows quickly.

    Fiscal erosion and credibility concerns

    The roots of South Africa’s current predicament lie in years of mistakes. These include:

    • spending beyond its means

    • questionable political decisions like bailing out state-owned entities

    • poor governance and oversight at municipal and local government level, which led to inefficient public spending.

    These factors were underpinned by an underperforming economy, unrealised forecasts and arguably weak institutional checks.

    For the last 15 years South Africa’s National Treasury has undertaken to stabilise the country’s debt-to-GDP ratio. This would have required keeping the ratio constant. But these commitments have consistently been deferred. Debt stabilisation targets have been revised upwards 13 times, from 40% in 2015/16 to the current 75.5%. The stabilisation year has been pushed back 10 times, from the initial year of 2015/16 to the current target of 2025/26. This has created a perception of inconsistent policy.

    Over-optimistic macroeconomic forecasting has undermined credibility. Over the last ten years, GDP growth projections have routinely overshot actual performance by an average of 0.5 percentage points in the first year of forecasts and even more in subsequent years. In defence of the National Treasury, the South African economy has performed worse than more forecasters expected in recent years.

    Adding to the fiscal strain are rising social expenditures, the public sector wage bill and repeated bailouts of state-owned enterprises. This spending relieves short-term political and social pressures, but undermines the country’s long-term fiscal health.

    Without credible mechanisms to constrain spending, South Africa’s fiscal framework lacks the discipline needed to ensure sustainability, and to restore credibility.

    Why fiscal rules matter

    Fiscal rules are there to promote discipline, ensure that debt can be paid and enhance credibility. The experience in the 105 countries that have adopted them suggests that strong, well-designed rules can signal a government’s commitment to fiscal prudence.

    It’s difficult to establish whether there is a causal relationship between fiscal rules and fiscal performance. But there’s at least a correlation. As a practical example of enforcing fiscal rules, in November 2023, the German constitutional court overruled a budget that was passed in the Bundestag but breached Germany’s fiscal rules.

    However, fiscal rules are not a panacea. Poorly designed or inadequately enforced rules can make the problems worse. For South Africa, this risk is acute.

    Political commitment and strong institutional frameworks are needed too. Also, a shift in how fiscal policy is conceived and implemented.

    Designing new rules

    Drawing lessons from global best practices, South Africa’s fiscal rules must be enforceable, flexible and simple. A well-designed rule should:

    • stabilise and eventually reduce the debt-to-GDP ratio

    • target government spending as a share of GDP, emphasising consumption spending like salaries and goods and services, rather than capital expenditure

    • have political buy-in

    • be overseen independently

    • be legally binding and enforceable.

    Context

    South Africa’s low economic growth rate is a complication. Average interest rates on government debt are higher than the nominal GDP growth rate. But reining in spending too much could stifle growth, creating a vicious cycle.

    That’s why stabilising debt first would make more sense than aiming to reduce debt too rapidly.

    South Africa’s fiscal rules must also have some flexibility. For instance, they could allow for shocks such as natural disasters or global economic crises.

    Fiscal rules could follow a phased approach to initially focus on stabilising debt, and then to move towards reducing debt. Both of these phases would entail expenditure rules to guide annual budget processes and to place limits on spending.

    The benefits

    Credible fiscal rules could have a number of benefits.

    Firstly, they could improve South Africa’s credibility by signalling to markets and international institutions that South Africa is committed to fiscal discipline.

    Secondly, fiscal credibility is associated with reduced sovereign risk premiums, which translates into lower debt-servicing costs. In turn this would free up resources for critical development priorities.

    Third, they can foster a more stable economic environment for investment and growth.

    Fourth, they would help coordinate policies. South Africa enjoys rule-based monetary policy in the form of inflation targeting but lacks the same for fiscal policy. This can lead to sub-optimal outcomes. For example, the central bank can keep interest rates too high, not necessarily because it thinks the treasury’s policies are inflationary, but because it cannot predict the treasury’s actions.

    The way forward

    Adopting fiscal rules in South Africa comes with risks. Weak institutional capacity, especially in oversight bodies like the Parliamentary Budget Office, could undermine rule enforcement.

    To shield against these risks, South Africa should have stronger institutions. It could create an independent statutory fiscal council, possibly falling under Parliament, the National Treasury or as an independent constitutional advisory body.

    Oversight bodies would also need to build their capacity.

    – South Africa’s debt has skyrocketed – new rules are needed to manage it
    – https://theconversation.com/south-africas-debt-has-skyrocketed-new-rules-are-needed-to-manage-it-248355

    MIL OSI Africa –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Lord Justice Clerk appointed

    Source: Scottish Government

    Lord Beckett to succeed Lady Dorrian.

    First Minister John Swinney has welcomed the appointment of Scotland’s new Lord Justice Clerk by His Majesty the King.

    The Rt. Hon Lord Beckett will succeed the Rt. Hon Lady Dorrian as Scotland’s second most senior judge after she retires on Monday 3 February. As Lord Justice Clerk, he will also hold the office of President of the Second Division of the Inner House of the Court of Session and serve as the Chair of the Scottish Sentencing Council.

    A former Solicitor General, Lord Beckett was appointed as a Supreme Courts judge in May 2016, then elevated to the Inner House of the Court of Session in July 2023. He has been involved in work to review court procedures for sexual offence cases, improve trauma training for judges and simplify the guidance given to juries.

    Lord Beckett was nominated for appointment by the First Minister based on the advice of a selection panel.

    The First Minister said:

    “I offer my warmest congratulations to Lord Beckett on his appointment as Lord Justice Clerk, reflecting a long and distinguished career of service in Scotland’s legal system.

    “The Lord Justice Clerk is one of the Great Offices of State in Scotland and the second most senior figure in the judicial system, with a prominent role in the criminal appeals system. It is a significant appointment that requires careful consideration, so I am very grateful to the members of the selection panel for their advice before I nominated Lord Beckett.

    “Lady Dorrian was the first woman appointed to such a senior judicial office in Scotland. Her legacy will be significant, not only for that reason but as a result of her advocacy for vulnerable victims and witnesses, and her commitment to making court proceedings more transparent. Lady Dorrian leaves office with my gratitude and best wishes for the future.”

     Lord President Lord Carloway said:

    “Lord Beckett is a very experienced judge who has presided over some of the highest profile trials in recent times. He has been a member of the judiciary, for over 17 years, first as a Sheriff then as a High Court Judge. He was appointed to the Inner House of the Court of Session in 2023. His extensive knowledge of criminal cases, together with his work on evidence on commission and on case management in the High Court makes him an excellent appointment as Lord Justice Clerk. I wish him well in this extremely important office.”

    Lord Justice Clerk Lady Dorrian said:

    “It has been a huge privilege to be Lord Justice Clerk and I am pleased to be handing over to Lord Beckett. He is passionate about improving the experience of complainers and witnesses in court. He was part of the working group which I chaired on the management of sexual offence cases which will stand him in good stead for the reforms which will be coming in over the next few years. His experience will also be valuable as he takes over as Chair of the Scottish Sentencing Council. As a former Chair of the Judicial Institute and someone who has been leading the way on trauma-informed training for the judiciary, he is ideally suited for this role.”

     Background

    Lord Beckett was admitted as a solicitor in 1986, working in private practice before being admitted to the Faculty of Advocates in 1993. In 2003, he was appointed as an advocate depute and he became a Queen’s Counsel in 2005. He served as Solicitor General for Scotland in 2006, became a sheriff in 2008 and was appointed as an appeal sheriff on the establishment of the Sheriff Appeal Court in 2015. 

    Process for selecting the Lord Justice Clerk is set out in the Judiciary and Courts (Scotland) Act 2008. In line with those provisions, the First Minister established a panel and invited recommendations for individuals suitable for appointment. The members of the panel were:

    • Lindsay Montgomery CBE, Lay Chairing Member of the Judicial Appointments Board for Scotland
    • The Rt. Hon Lord Carloway, the Lord President
    • The Rt Hon. Lord Matthews, Inner House Judge of the Court of Session
    • Elizabeth Burnley CBE, lay member of the Judicial Appointments Board for Scotland

    Lord Beckett will be sworn in as the Lord Justice Clerk by Lord Pentland at a ceremony on Tuesday 4 February.

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI China: Foreign tourists enjoy tour in Beijing during Spring Festival

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    Foreign tourists enjoy tour in Beijing during Spring Festival

    Updated: January 31, 2025 21:54 Xinhua
    Italian tourists Piero (R) and Margherita pose for a selfie at Tiantan (Temple of Heaven) Park in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 30, 2025. As the Chinese people are celebrating the Spring Festival, or the Chinese New Year, they have been joined this year by an increased number of foreign tourists, who have come to experience Chinese culture following the implementation of a new visa-free transit policy. China continued easing its visa policies in 2024 to boost openness and people-to-people exchange, allowing more foreign travelers and businesspeople to visit the country visa-free. Its latest move was an extension of its visa-free transit policy, which has permitted eligible foreign travelers to stay in the country for 240 hours without a visa. Spring Festival, social practices of the Chinese people in celebration of the traditional new year, was added by UNESCO into its list of intangible cultural heritage in December last year. [Photo/Xinhua]
    Spanish tourists are pictured at a Spring Festival temple fair in Ditan Park in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 29, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]
    A family from Malaysia poses for photos with Gulou and Zhonglou, historic drum and bell towers, in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 31, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]
    Maxime (1st L) and Liza, tourists from Switzerland, show a piece of souvenir they purchased at a Spring Festival temple fair in Ditan Park in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 29, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]
    Tour guide Zhang Sai (C) introduces Chinese Spring Festival customs to foreign tourists at Tiantan (Temple of Heaven) Park in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 30, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]
    Sam (2nd R) and Zach, tourists from the United States, watch a performance of Sichuan opera “Bianlian,” also known as face-changing, at Jingshan Park in Beijing, capital of China, Jan. 31, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]

    MIL OSI China News –

  • MIL-OSI Russia: Innovations for public utilities discussed at SPbGASU

    Translartion. Region: Russians Fedetion –

    Source: Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering – Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering – Participants of the meeting

    On January 29, a meeting of the scientific and technical council of the Housing Committee of the Government of St. Petersburg was held at SPbGASU. The presidium of the meeting included Vice-Governor of St. Petersburg Evgeny Razumishkin, Chairman of the Scientific and Technical Council of the Housing Committee, Head of the Department of Construction Economics and Housing and Utilities of SPbGASU Veronika Asaul, Chairman of the Housing Committee Denis Udod, Deputy Chairman of the Committee for the Improvement of St. Petersburg Sergey Malinin. More than one hundred specialists in the housing and utilities sector took part in the meeting.

    Chief Engineer of the St. Petersburg State Budgetary Institution “Central Administration of Regional Roads and Improvement” Igor Mishustin spoke about the use of new models of municipal equipment for road cleaning. He reviewed the universal municipal machines used in the Northern capital, emphasized their positive characteristics and voiced proposals to manufacturers for technical improvement. “Interaction between road agencies and factories-manufacturers of municipal cleaning equipment continues on an ongoing basis,” the specialist noted.

    The head of the investment and technology center “Vympel” Yuri Murzin spoke about the results of testing an innovative electric loader in snowfall conditions. The speaker noted that the loader is distinguished by a high level of localization of production.

    Elena Aleksandrova, Head of the Educational and Methodological Department of SPbGASU, reported on how our university is training personnel for the housing and utilities sector. “Since the 2024/2025 academic year, SPbGASU, together with the self-regulatory organization “Association of Builders of St. Petersburg” as part of the work of the Consortium of the Construction Industry of the Northwestern Federal District, continues to work in school construction classes,” she said in particular.

    Elena Aleksandrova focused on the proposals of SPbGASU for the implementation of the Concept of training personnel for the construction industry and housing and utilities until 2025, approved by the Russian government. The university has introduced new educational programs for the industry, modules for developing competencies in the field of information modeling technologies, and increased the share of practical classes. Practitioners, including future employers of graduates, are widely involved in the educational process. The programs have been brought into line with the current needs of the industry. “Industrial partners play a significant role in our educational process,” she noted.

    Director of OOO ECOTERMIX SPB Konstantin Baranov reported on the results of the implementation of an innovative building material based on polyurethane. It has a wide range of applications both in new construction and in the improvement of already built facilities requiring routine and major repairs.

    At the end of the meeting, those gathered agreed on further cooperation between all participants in the housing and utilities sector of St. Petersburg in scientific research, the introduction of new technology and personnel training.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: UNECE advances digital transformation of multimodal data and document exchange in Moldova and Ukraine

    Source: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

    UNECE has joined hands with the Economic Council to the Prime Minister of the Republic of Moldova to help integrate Moldova and Ukraine in a seamless multimodal digital data and document exchange using the e-business standards of UNECE subsidiary body – the UN Centre for Trade Facilitation and Electronic Business (UN/CEFACT).

    With Moldova and Ukraine becoming a bridge between two large UNECE subregions – the European Union and Central Asia – and with UN/CEFACT standards becoming a digital lingua franca for cross-border trade and transport, digital connectivity is key to enhancing regional trade and economic integration. This is particularly relevant as total trade between the European Union and Central Asia has grown by 38.8% over the last decade, from €34.2 billion in 2012 to €47.5 billion in 2022, with two-thirds of total trade being imports to the European Union.

    To advance on this goal, UNECE and the Economic Council recently organized a seminar in Chisinau, Moldova, on the practical application of such UN/CEFACT standards. Intended for Moldovan and Ukrainian policymakers and experts, as well as international specialists and representatives of development partners (European Commission, GIZ, the Transport Community, UNCTAD – ASYCUDA), the seminar advanced the understanding on the practical steps to implement the UN/CEFACT standards, which underpin the European Union’s Electronic Freight Transport Information Regulation (eFTI) and the SPECA Trans-Caspian Roadmap on Digitalization of Multimodal Data and Document Exchange.

    Participants also reviewed progress on the implementation of the pilot project led by TRACECA (Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia) on the digital transformation of the railway consignment note in the Trans-Caspian Corridor. Moldovan and Ukrainian railways representatives, along with international experts agreed to work on aligning the exchange of railway consignment notes with UN/CEFACT standards.

    Other key initiatives discussed include:

    • Launching additional pilot projects in Moldova and Ukraine;
    • Customizing the eFTI dataset, based on the UN/CEFACT Multi-Modal Transport Reference Data Model, in Moldova and Ukraine;
    • Training national implementers on using relevant UN/CEFACT standards; and
    • Developing a module on integrating data from business documents accompanying goods transported by different modes, into the Automated System for Customs Data (UNCTAD-ASYCUDA).

    UNECE’s ongoing work in Moldova and Ukraine strengthens the digital connectivity of transit corridors through standardized information exchange. By enabling uniform and seamless electronic data exchange across trade, transport and logistics sectors, these standards help significantly reduce cost, speed up transactions, and minimize errors. This is particularly relevant in the context of UN/CEFACT’s ongoing efforts to develop a policy recommendation aimed at enhancing digital connectivity along transit corridors while addressing gaps in soft infrastructure. As a result, regional economies can integrate more effectively into global value chains, fostering growth and sustainable development.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Wolverhampton Art Gallery invites the public to take part in the largest ever exhibition of the region’s hobbies

    Source: City of Wolverhampton

    It is an opportunity for the public to take part in Come As You Really Are, the largest ever exhibition of the UK’s hobbies. From makers and modifiers to crafters and collectors, Wolverhampton Art Gallery are working alongside Artangel and award winning artist and Spiderman enthusiast Hetain Patel to invite audiences to exhibit their hobbies in an exhibition at the gallery from 12 July to 5 October, 2025.

    The exhibition will bring together objects created, modified or collected by Midland based hobbyists, alongside contributions from people across the UK and a new artist film by Patel. Each hobby represents a decision to commit valuable time to living life on one’s own terms in a society dominated by consumerism. On display will be hundreds of unique hand crafted objects loaned by hobbyists of any discipline, such as costume and cosplay makers, crocheters and knitters, wood carvers and model makers, ceramicists, robotics engineers, origami specialists, augmented car enthusiasts and many more.

    City of Wolverhampton Council Cabinet Member for City Development, Jobs and Skills, Councillor Chris Burden, said: “The joy of hobbies lies in their power to bring people together while celebrating individuality. Come As You Really Are is a unique opportunity to spotlight the incredible creativity and dedication of hobbyists in Wolverhampton, the Midlands and beyond. From cosplay to ceramics, every object tells a story of passion, perseverance, and self expression.

    “We’re thrilled to collaborate with Hetain Patel and Artangel to showcase these hidden talents and invite the public to share their own creations in this celebration of living life on one’s own terms. This exhibition promises to be as diverse and inspiring as the communities it represents.”

    Hetain Patel said: “I’ve always been obsessed by handmade things. Growing up in Bolton, in a working class culturally Indian household, we ate with our hands, and many of my relatives worked as part of the manual labour force in local factories. The empowering thing about hobbies is choice and doing something on our own terms. The creative act is really hopeful with huge benefits to us individually and something that connects us to others regardless of our differences.”  

    For the chance to be a part of the upcoming exhibition at Wolverhampton Art Gallery and to find out more information visit Wolverhampton Arts & Culture. It only takes a couple of minutes and all you need is a picture or two from your phone.

    To be eligible, respondents must be based in the UK and self identify as a hobbyist. The Wolverhampton exhibition aims to showcase hobbies across the Midlands region. By hobbyist we mean someone who engages with an activity on an ongoing basis. This might be daily, weekly or a couple of times a year.

    People may have many different ideas of what constitutes a hobby. On the form you will see a very comprehensive list of hobbies. Some are object based in that they result in the creation of an object e.g. knitting or woodworking. Others might be more ephemeral, such as skateboarding or gardening. All are eligible for the project. If a hobby is not on the list, respondents will be able to add it to the database by clicking, ‘my hobby isn’t in this list’ and typing it in when prompted.

    Hobbyists have until 30 March, 2025 to submit their hobbies for a chance to be part of the exhibition. Come As Your Really Are will open from Saturday 12 July until Sunday 5 October, 2025. The exhibition is free to the public. Wolverhampton Art Gallery is open Monday to Saturday from 10.30am to 4.30pm and Sunday from 11am to 4pm. For more information, please visit Wolverhampton Arts & Culture.

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI: Apollo to Provide USD $500 Million Hybrid Capital Solution to Aldar in Fourth Transaction

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    NEW YORK, Jan. 31, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Apollo (NYSE: APO) today announced an agreement for Apollo-managed affiliates, funds and clients to invest USD $500 million in Subordinated Notes issued by Aldar Properties PJSC (“Aldar”). The transaction represents one of the region’s largest-ever corporate hybrid private placements and brings aggregate investment in Aldar led by Apollo to approximately USD $1.9 billion across four transactions since 2022.

    Apollo Partner Jamshid Ehsani said, “We are pleased to broaden our partnership and provide another scaled capital solution to Aldar by investing in a leading real estate franchise that we believe offers an attractive investment opportunity for our clients. Apollo’s fourth investment in Aldar underscores our strong partnership with the company as well as our commitment to serving as a leading capital provider to the broader Abu Dhabi ecosystem.”

    The hybrid private placement marks Apollo’s latest commitment to Abu Dhabi and the UAE and follows an August 2022 transaction in which Apollo-managed funds and clients invested a total of USD $1.4 billion in strategic capital in Aldar, including a USD $400 million equity investment in Aldar Investment Properties. In November 2024, Apollo also announced a multi-year extension of the firm’s multi-billion-dollar partnership with Mubadala Investment Company focused on global origination opportunities.

    Since 2020, under its High-Grade Capital Solutions strategy, Apollo has originated nearly $100 billion of bespoke capital solutions for leading companies such as Intel, Sony, Air France, AB InBev and more.

    About Apollo

    Apollo is a high-growth, global alternative asset manager. In our asset management business, we seek to provide our clients excess return at every point along the risk-reward spectrum from investment grade credit to private equity. For more than three decades, our investing expertise across our fully integrated platform has served the financial return needs of our clients and provided businesses with innovative capital solutions for growth. Through Athene, our retirement services business, we specialize in helping clients achieve financial security by providing a suite of retirement savings products and acting as a solutions provider to institutions. Our patient, creative, and knowledgeable approach to investing aligns our clients, businesses we invest in, our employees, and the communities we impact, to expand opportunity and achieve positive outcomes. As of September 30, 2024, Apollo had approximately $733 billion of assets under management. To learn more, please visit www.apollo.com.

    Contacts

    Noah Gunn

    Global Head of Investor Relations

    Apollo Global Management, Inc.

    (212) 822-0540

    IR@apollo.com

    Joanna Rose

    Global Head of Corporate Communications

    Apollo Global Management, Inc.

    (212) 822-0491

    Communications@apollo.com

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: AFRICA/DR CONGO – Without electricity and water: Catholic parish in Goma welcomes 2000 displaced people

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    Kinshasa (Agenzia Fides) – “The greatest danger for the population of Goma is the so-called ‘Wazalendo’ militiamen,” local church observers told Fides about the situation in the capital of the Congolese province of North Kivu, which has fallen into the hands of the M23 rebel movement supported by the Rwandan army.The so-called “Wazalendo” are members of pro-government militias who are fighting alongside the regular army against the advance of the M23. While most of the regular soldiers surrendered after the capture of Goma or turned themselves over to the MONUSCO Blue Helmets, the “Wazalendo” militiamen went into hiding.”The Wazalendo are breaking into the homes of ordinary people in search of food, which is a problem for everyone given the shortage of supplies. If they do not find anything to loot, they threaten to take their children away. And it is easy to imagine what they can do to women and girls,” the observers report. “M23 members and Rwandans are trying to restore order. At the moment, there are reports of occasional shootings near the airport.””The humanitarian situation in Goma remains difficult because there is no electricity and no water pumped and filtered from Lake Kivu. Without electricity, the pumps and sewage treatment plants do not work. The most difficult conditions are for the displaced people (an estimated one million internally displaced people live in Goma). In the parish of Saint Francis Xavier in Ndosho, a suburb on the outskirts of the city, around 2,000 displaced people live without water and in precarious conditions; in addition, there are around 1,600 people housed in the nearby school,” the observers report. Meanwhile, the rebels are slowly advancing towards Bukavu, the capital of South Kivu province. “The M23 units are 115 km from the city, but are advancing slowly as they still suffer heavy losses,” the sources said. “In recent days, ambulances have been travelling between Goma and Rwanda to bring the remains of the soldiers who fell on the streets of the city to their families and to ensure a dignified burial, as otherwise they would have ended up in mass graves that are currently being dug.In addition, it is slowly getting hot in Goma and this is another reason why it is urgent to bury the bodies lying on the streets.” “In Bukavu, the situation remains calm for the moment after the withdrawal of foreign aid workers (see Fides, 30/1/2025), but people live in uncertainty,” the observers concluded. Meanwhile, Burundian soldiers have also been sent by the government in Bujumbura to support the Congolese forces. On the political level, yesterday, January 30, Corneille Nangaa, leader of the Congo River Alliance, held a press conference in Goma, where he reiterated his will to march to Kinshasa to overthrow President Félix Tshisekedi. The British Embassy in Kinshasa, meanwhile, issued a communiqué in English and French condemning the occupation of Goma by the M23 rebel movement and the Rwandan army, and threatening a possible cessation of UK support to Rwanda if hostilities do not cease. (L.M.) (Agenzia Fides, 31/1/2025)
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    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: ASIA/MYANMAR – Four years after the coup: prayer and charity in the face of violence, hunger and displacement

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    Yangon (Agenzia Fides) – “Catholics hope that the state of emergency will not be extended and pray for justice and peace,” Joseph Kung, a Catholic from Yangon who works in the National Human Rights Commission, told Fides. In the country, February 1 marks the fourth anniversary of the coup in which the military junta overthrew the democratic government and dissolved parliament. According to observers, General Min Aung Hlaing, the head of the junta, is about to extend the state of emergency, while reiterating his intention to hold elections by 2025.The civil war, which has left more than 50,000 dead and 3.5 million internally displaced, has led to a food emergency and the situation will worsen in 2025, according to estimates by the United Nations World Food Programme, while more than 15 million people will suffer from hunger and 20 million inhabitants (more than a third of the total population) will need humanitarian aid for food and disease.The number of displaced people will also rise to 4.5 million. The civilian population is also threatened by landmines, which, according to the ‘Landmine Monitor 2024’, are causing victims in all 14 states and regions of Myanmar and in about 60 percent of cities (692 in the first six months of 2024). As observers tell Fides, the army is placing landmines in villages,farms, rice and corn fields and near military camps. When farmers go to the fields to harvest food, they risk their lives. Catholic communities and religious orders, meanwhile, report on the plight of children: on the one hand, there is a growing phenomenon of child labor, where children are employed in sectors such as clothing, agriculture, catering, domestic work, construction and street vending, which is a blatant violation of children’s rights. On the other hand, the closure of schools and educational institutions denies children and young people the fundamental right to education, with serious implications for the future of the nation. Many religious orders and Catholic parishes are therefore setting up small informal schools where they try to provide children with an education. Father Terence Anthony, parish priest of the parish of Our Lady of Lourdes in the southern part of the Archdiocese of Yangon, told Fides: “We entrust ourselves to the Lord in prayer and do our best with concrete actions. In many areas of the country, where there is fighting or where there is no violence, priests, religious and catechists dedicate themselves tirelessly to the service of wounded and tried humanity. We comfort the afflicted and give bread to the hungry. We place ourselves at the service of the poor, the displaced and the weakest, trying to give a concrete witness of the love of God.” (PA) (Agenzia Fides, 31/1/2024)
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    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: AMERICA/COLOMBIA – In Toribio, the end of a historic stage, but not the end of a mission

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    Friday, 31 January 2025

    IMC

    Toribio (Agenzia Fides) – “Thank you for having walked with us, for being part of our history,” were some of the words that resonated during the Mass of thanksgiving celebrated on Sunday, January 26, which marked the 41 years of presence of the Consolata Missionaries in Toribío, in northern Cauca.”The end of the presence of the missionaries in Toribío marked the end of a historic stage, but not the end of a mission,” reads a note released by the missionaries. “The seed sown for more than four decades continues to bear fruit in community leaders, families strengthened in their faith and a local Church committed to justice and peace.”For more than four decades, the Consolata Missionaries have walked alongside the communities of Toribío, a territory rich in indigenous cultural heritage, but also marked by deep social and political difficulties. The missionaries have witnessed resistance, solidarity and commitment to the indigenous, peasant and Afro-descendant communities of the Nasa indigenous people.”Dear family, we greet you from this parish church of San Giovanni Battista and from this town of Toribío: ‘We did what we had to do’,” said Father Venanzio Mwangi, Regional Superior, citing the teachings of their Founder San Giuseppe Allamano.The ceremony brought together a large crowd of faithful, community leaders and representatives of local organizations, who expressed their gratitude for the pastoral and social work of the missionaries. They recalled the history shared with the community, evoking moments of joy and pain, the struggles for social justice, the defense of the territory and the promotion of peace in the midst of armed conflict.In Toribío, the Consolata Missionaries arrived after the violent death in 1984 of Father Álvaro Ulcué Chocué, the first indigenous priest of the Nasa ethnic group, ordained in the Church of the Archdiocese of Popayán, whose example has inspired their work and whose legacy lives on in the region.Over the years, the missionaries have integrated themselves into the communities, not only as spiritual guides, but also as allies in building a more dignified future. They have built parishes, trained community leaders and strengthened an inculturated spirituality that respects and values the ancestral traditions of the Nasa people.The Cauca region is particularly strategic because it brings together in one place all the phases of work and marketing: illicit crops, processing workshops and the important routes, the paths that drugs take to leave the country illegally. (AP) (Agenzia Fides, 31/1/2025)
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  • MIL-OSI Europe: ASIA/SYRIA – Syrian Catholic Archbishop of Homs: The new era is full of mysteries

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    Friday, 31 January 2025

    by Gianni ValenteHoms (Agenzia Fides) – “A new era has begun for Syria. And it is a difficult time again,” said Archbishop Jacques Mourad. The monk of the Deir Mar Musa community, spiritual son of Father Paolo Dall’Oglio, was held hostage for months by jihadists of the Islamic State in 2015. Perhaps this experience made his Christian vision even clearer. And today, as Syrian Catholic Archbishop of Homs, what he sees and hears about the new suffering in Syria does not correspond to the dominant narrative in the media, especially in the West, which reports on a “regime change”, a successful and peaceful regime change with new Islamist leaders seeking international recognition after more than 50 years of the Assad clan ruling the country.The dominant media coverage, for example, fails to mention the widespread violence and fear that once again overshadows the days of a large part of the Syrian population. A violence that – as Jacques Mourad admits – “seems to be a trap that all those who come to power here fall into”.In recent weeks – the Syrian Catholic Archbishop of Homs told Fides – people have disappeared, prisons are filling up “and we do not know who is still alive and who is dead”. Those accused of having colluded with the collapsed regime are being tortured in public. And he also reports “several cases of young Christians being threatened and tortured in the streets in front of everyone, in order to instill fear and force them to renounce their faith and become Muslims”. Crimes that are taking place far from Damascus.Things are not going well and Father Mourad feels that “nobody can do anything” to get out of this new period of fear and revenge. “I try to encourage people, to console them, to ask for patience and to look for solutions,” said Archbishop Jacques Mourad. “During the Christmas period, I visited our 12 parishes and also went to the villages to encourage them, to keep hope together. There were beautiful meetings with different groups. But when the violence increases, our words and our calls for patience will no longer convince them.”Meanwhile, Cardinal Claudio Gugerotti, Prefect of the Dicastery for the Oriental Churches, visited Syria in recent days as the Pope’s envoy to testify to the closeness of the Successor of Peter to the Christian communities who are experiencing this moment of the tormented Syrian affair with an additional burden of worries, compared to those suffered by other Syrians.”The previous regime,” explains Archbishop Mourad, “presented itself as the defender of Christians. They always said: if we leave, the fanatics will return. Now many priests are pessimistic about the future. My answer is always the same: the situation is definitely incomparable to that of the past, when there were unimaginable crimes. But since the new violence, there are also those who say: ‘You saw that what Bashar al Assad said is true.’ The result is that many Christians now, more than ever, see no other way than to emigrate. To leave Syria. And it is difficult for us to say that we must not lose hope. We try, but people do not believe what we say. What they experience and what they see are too different.”In the churches, since the fall of the Assad regime, in many ways everything seems to continue as before: services, processions, prayers and works of charity. The new rulers have not issued any compulsory regulations that in any way affect the everyday life of the church. The recognized leader Ahmad Sharaa, also known as Abu Muhammad Dscholani, leader of the armed jihadist group “Hayat Tahrir al Sham”, who declared himself “interim president” of Syria on January 29, met with Father Ibrahim Faltas and the Franciscans at the end of 2024 and found words of praise for Pope Francis, stressing that the Christians who emigrated during and after the civil war should return to Syria. The violence suffered by the young Christians took the form of attacks on individuals. “But,” says Jacques Mourad, “when the confiscation of weapons began, the Christian and Alawite soldiers were disarmed. Nobody took the weapons away from the Sunnis.” “And the reality,” he adds, “is that there is no government. There are different armed groups. Some are fanatics, others are not. And each has its own power and imposes its own rule in the areas it controls. And they have many weapons, having also acquired those of the old regime”. Like other bishops, Archbishop Mourad met with representatives of the new forces. He heard reassuring words, but then things did not change.Jacques Mourad says he does not know how things can go on. In the meantime, he himself is moving on.”We continue our life as parishes and as a diocese, day after day,” he says. Since April last year, the Archbishop has been responsible for catechism in all of Syria. Even then, the situation was serious: no work, society and Christian communities still torn apart by the consequences of the war. “I thought the most important thing was to start again with the children. You can only start again with children and young people after the war has somehow wiped out everything. And together with them you have to start again with the essential, original things,” the Archbishop continued.The regional church committees were re-established to work together on the training of catechists, because “many who had experience had left. Now there are young people who are enthusiastic, but who still need to make a spiritual journey and a catechetical and biblical formation”. The dioceses, the Jesuits and the Bible Society have joined forces “to set out together. We thank the Lord because so many young people show such desire, such courage and such generosity”. The same goes for the liturgies and the resumption of pilgrimages to Mar Musa and to all the other monasteries, “to revive the memory, in this situation of poverty and suffering, which is still very serious. And to see if something is reborn, like a new sprout”. (Agenzia Fides, 31/1/2025)
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  • MIL-OSI Global: South Africa’s debt has skyrocketed – new rules are needed to manage it

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Robert Botha, Research Fellow at the Impumelelo Economic Growth Lab. The Impumelelo Economic Growth Lab is a unit of the Bureau for Economic Research (BER), Stellenbosch University

    South Africa’s fiscal trajectory paints a concerning picture. Public expenditure exceeds revenue. As a result sovereign debt is building up and interest on this debt is increasing.

    This raises concerns over the South African government’s financial sustainability. The debt-to-GDP ratio has skyrocketed from 23.6% in 2008/09 to a projected 74.7% in 2024/25. The International Monetary Fund has recommended that, over the long term, South Africa should reduce its debt-to-GDP ratio to 60% of GDP, in line with that of peers.

    Arguably more important than the debt level is how quickly debt has accumulated. Debt servicing costs, which consist of the interest on government debt and other costs directly associated with borrowing, have been the fastest-growing line item in the national budget. Rising interest payments have been crowding out critical expenditures on services such as health, education and infrastructure.

    As I argue in a recently published report titled “A fiscal anchor for South Africa: Avoiding the mistakes of the past”, establishing a credible fiscal anchor (or fiscal rule) could be step towards avoiding a debt spiral and regaining fiscal sustainability and credibility.

    Fiscal rules are constraints on fiscal policy, designed to impose numerical limits. For example, a limit on the allowable debt-to-GDP ratio, or the allowable balance after accounting for government expenditure and revenue. Fiscal rules are widely used – 105 countries have adopted them so far.

    Failing to address the country’s fiscal challenges risks plunging South Africa into a debt trap. This happens when a country finds it difficult to escape a cycle of debt and has to borrow more to pay off old debt. If debt-servicing costs continue to rise, essential public services will come under even greater strain.

    Several emerging markets have experienced the severe consequences of unchecked debt accumulation and debt servicing costs. Argentina is one example. Without a credible plan to stabilise and reduce debt and debt servicing costs, the risk of economic stagnation and financial instability grows quickly.

    Fiscal erosion and credibility concerns

    The roots of South Africa’s current predicament lie in years of mistakes. These include:

    • spending beyond its means

    • questionable political decisions like bailing out state-owned entities

    • poor governance and oversight at municipal and local government level, which led to inefficient public spending.

    These factors were underpinned by an underperforming economy, unrealised forecasts and arguably weak institutional checks.

    For the last 15 years South Africa’s National Treasury has undertaken to stabilise the country’s debt-to-GDP ratio. This would have required keeping the ratio constant. But these commitments have consistently been deferred. Debt stabilisation targets have been revised upwards 13 times, from 40% in 2015/16 to the current 75.5%. The stabilisation year has been pushed back 10 times, from the initial year of 2015/16 to the current target of 2025/26. This has created a perception of inconsistent policy.

    Over-optimistic macroeconomic forecasting has undermined credibility. Over the last ten years, GDP growth projections have routinely overshot actual performance by an average of 0.5 percentage points in the first year of forecasts and even more in subsequent years. In defence of the National Treasury, the South African economy has performed worse than more forecasters expected in recent years.

    Adding to the fiscal strain are rising social expenditures, the public sector wage bill and repeated bailouts of state-owned enterprises. This spending relieves short-term political and social pressures, but undermines the country’s long-term fiscal health.

    Without credible mechanisms to constrain spending, South Africa’s fiscal framework lacks the discipline needed to ensure sustainability, and to restore credibility.

    Why fiscal rules matter

    Fiscal rules are there to promote discipline, ensure that debt can be paid and enhance credibility. The experience in the 105 countries that have adopted them suggests that strong, well-designed rules can signal a government’s commitment to fiscal prudence.

    It’s difficult to establish whether there is a causal relationship between fiscal rules and fiscal performance. But there’s at least a correlation. As a practical example of enforcing fiscal rules, in November 2023, the German constitutional court overruled a budget that was passed in the Bundestag but breached Germany’s fiscal rules.

    However, fiscal rules are not a panacea. Poorly designed or inadequately enforced rules can make the problems worse. For South Africa, this risk is acute.

    Political commitment and strong institutional frameworks are needed too. Also, a shift in how fiscal policy is conceived and implemented.

    Designing new rules

    Drawing lessons from global best practices, South Africa’s fiscal rules must be enforceable, flexible and simple. A well-designed rule should:

    • stabilise and eventually reduce the debt-to-GDP ratio

    • target government spending as a share of GDP, emphasising consumption spending like salaries and goods and services, rather than capital expenditure

    • have political buy-in

    • be overseen independently

    • be legally binding and enforceable.

    Context

    South Africa’s low economic growth rate is a complication. Average interest rates on government debt are higher than the nominal GDP growth rate. But reining in spending too much could stifle growth, creating a vicious cycle.

    That’s why stabilising debt first would make more sense than aiming to reduce debt too rapidly.

    South Africa’s fiscal rules must also have some flexibility. For instance, they could allow for shocks such as natural disasters or global economic crises.

    Fiscal rules could follow a phased approach to initially focus on stabilising debt, and then to move towards reducing debt. Both of these phases would entail expenditure rules to guide annual budget processes and to place limits on spending.

    The benefits

    Credible fiscal rules could have a number of benefits.

    Firstly, they could improve South Africa’s credibility by signalling to markets and international institutions that South Africa is committed to fiscal discipline.

    Secondly, fiscal credibility is associated with reduced sovereign risk premiums, which translates into lower debt-servicing costs. In turn this would free up resources for critical development priorities.

    Third, they can foster a more stable economic environment for investment and growth.

    Fourth, they would help coordinate policies. South Africa enjoys rule-based monetary policy in the form of inflation targeting but lacks the same for fiscal policy. This can lead to sub-optimal outcomes. For example, the central bank can keep interest rates too high, not necessarily because it thinks the treasury’s policies are inflationary, but because it cannot predict the treasury’s actions.

    The way forward

    Adopting fiscal rules in South Africa comes with risks. Weak institutional capacity, especially in oversight bodies like the Parliamentary Budget Office, could undermine rule enforcement.

    To shield against these risks, South Africa should have stronger institutions. It could create an independent statutory fiscal council, possibly falling under Parliament, the National Treasury or as an independent constitutional advisory body.

    Oversight bodies would also need to build their capacity.

    Robert Botha is a Research Fellow at the Impumelelo Economic Growth Lab. The Impumelelo Economic Growth Lab is a unit of the Bureau for Economic Research (BER)

    – ref. South Africa’s debt has skyrocketed – new rules are needed to manage it – https://theconversation.com/south-africas-debt-has-skyrocketed-new-rules-are-needed-to-manage-it-248355

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Mission 300: Significant new donor pledges in support of the Sustainable Energy Fund for Africa announced on margins of the Africa Energy Summit

    Source: Africa Press Organisation – English (2) – Report:

    DAR ES SALAAM, Tanzania, January 31, 2025/APO Group/ —

    Denmark, the United Kingdom, Spain and France have unveiled new or additional contributions to the Sustainable Energy Fund for Africa, demonstrating strong support for the African Development Bank (www.AfDB.org)-managed fund as it expands energy access across Africa, including through the Mission 300 partnership. Another new donor – Japan –joined in December 2024 with a $5 million contribution under AGIA (https://apo-opa.co/3Eju6LT). 

    SEFA is a multi-donor Special Fund that provides catalytic finance to unlock private sector investments in renewable energy and energy efficiency. It aims to contribute to universal access to affordable, reliable, sustainable, and modern energy services for all in Africa in line with the New Deal on Energy for Africa and Mission 300. 

    Mission 300 (https://apo-opa.co/4hDAJqx), an ambitious new partnership of the African Development Bank Group, the World Bank Group and other development partners, aims to provide access to electricity to an additional 300 million Africans by 2030.  

    France, a new donor to SEFA, will provide €10 million. Denmark, the UK and Spain will increase existing contributions by DKK 100 million (€13.4 million), £8.5 million (€10.13) and €3 million, respectively.  

    France’s contribution will bolster the Africa Green Infrastructure Alliance (AGIA) (https://apo-opa.co/4aHQE4M), a platform of the African Development Bank, Africa 50 and other partners that will develop transformative sustainable infrastructure projects for investment.  

     These contributions come as SEFA enjoyed its best year on record in 2024, with $108 million approved for 14 projects. SEFA now boasts a portfolio of over $300 million in highly impactful investments and technical assistance programmes, which is expected to unlock up to $15 billion in investments and deliver approximately 12 million new electricity connections. 

    Denmark’s Acting State Secretary for Development Policy, Ole Thonke, said: “Africa is endowed with enormous untapped potential for renewable energy, which can fuel green industrialisation. The latest Danish financial contribution to SEFA will focus on the newly established Africa-led Accelerated Partnership for Renewables in Africa (APRA), further supporting the continent’s ambitious development and climate goals.” 

    “We are halfway through this decisive decade to achieve the sustainable development goals and get on track to tackle climate change,” said Rachel Kyte, UK Special Representative for Climate, Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office. “Achieving our collective goals of reliable, affordable and clean power is a golden thread that links economic growth, greater investment, strengthened resilience and climate ambition. By accelerating the roll-out of clean power, the UK and Mission 300 are putting green and inclusive growth at the heart of our partnerships with Africa. Our announcement of an additional £8.5 million in UK funding for the AfDB’s SEFA will mobilise the much-needed private sector investment so that more Africans can access clean power right across the continent.” 

    Inés Carpio San Román, Alternate Governor of Spain for the African Development Bank, said, “We are pleased that Spain has decided to renew its support for the SEFA fund with a contribution of €3 million. This reaffirms our commitment to the crucial sector of renewable energy, which plays a key role in fostering sustainable development across Africa.” 

    “As a strong supporter of Africa’s green infrastructure investments with financial tools that mobilise private finance, France is proud to contribute €10 million to the AGIA through SEFA,” stated Bertrand Dumont, Director General of the French Treasury and Governor for France at the African Development Bank. “This very first contribution is our first step towards reinforcing Africa’s sustainable development and accelerating the continent’s path to a low-carbon economy. By investing in green infrastructure in Africa, we are investing for the future.”  

    Dr Daniel Schroth, Director of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency at the African Development Bank, said, “We welcome the new commitments from donors whose support underscores the impactful work of SEFA. These contributions are essential in enabling SEFA to fulfil its role as a key delivery vehicle for Mission 300 at this pivotal moment.” 

    MIL OSI Africa –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: ECB and ESRB issue joint report on experiences of using the countercyclical capital buffer early in the cycle

    Source: European Central Bank

    31 January 2025

    • 17 EEA countries have adopted a positive neutral CCyB approach
    • Authorities using this approach do not expect it to result in higher CCyB requirements at the peak of the cycle
    • The European macroprudential framework could be clarified to facilitate a more flexible and proactive use of the CCyB

    A timely build-up of capital buffers that can be released in times of stress is essential for financial stability. One way to achieve this is by setting a positive countercyclical capital buffer (CCyB) rate early in the cycle when cyclical systemic risks are neither subdued nor elevated. Understanding how authorities can apply this “positive neutral” approach is essential to advancing the use of the CCyB.

    The European Central Bank (ECB) and the European Systemic Risk Board (ESRB) today published a joint report aimed at deepening our knowledge of the implementation of positive neutral approaches to setting the CCyB in the European Economic Area (EEA).

    The report describes the experience of countries that have adopted a positive neutral CCyB approach, as well as the views of those that have not. It outlines the perceived costs and benefits, implications for setting the CCyB through the cycle, calibration methods, conditions for build-up and release, interactions with other capital instruments, buffer usability and reciprocity.

    Motivations for the adoption of a positive neutral CCyB approach mostly relate to three areas. The first is the need to build up the CCyB in a timely manner, not only to address uncertainty in the identification of systemic risks, but also to ensure that releasable capital buffers are available in the early stages of the financial cycle. The second is to allow for a more gradual, and therefore less costly, build-up of the buffer. The third is increasing the amount of releasable buffers, also to boost resilience against a wider spectrum of potentially large shocks.

    The report highlights three common elements in the positive neutral CCyB approaches adopted by EEA countries. First, a positive neutral CCyB approach is not intended as a new buffer, but rather as an earlier activation of the CCyB in an environment where cyclical systemic risks are neither subdued nor elevated. Second, in most countries, adopting a positive neutral CCyB approach is not expected to yield higher CCyB requirements at the peak of the cycle. This is in line with the objective of building up the CCyB early in the cycle. Third, for most countries, this more proactive and flexible use of the CCyB does not need to be offset by lowering other requirements, consistent with the risk-based nature of the CCyB.

    Finally, the report describes what ESRB member institutions see as the challenges and obstacles to implementing a positive neutral CCyB approach, and presents potential avenues for overcoming them. First, more clarity on the objectives of a positive neutral CCyB could alleviate concerns about potential overlaps with the objectives of other instruments, most notably the systemic risk buffer. Second, some countries view a lack of clarity in EU legislation as an obstacle to adopting a positive neutral CCyB approach. In this context, it would be helpful to clarify the European macroprudential framework to ensure that the CCyB can be used more flexibly and proactively. This could be done notably by reducing the prominence of the credit-to-GDP gap and other credit indicators to guide the setting of the CCyB rate.

    The report could serve as a useful reference for countries within and outside the EEA region that are considering adopting such an approach. It may also provide valuable information to regulatory bodies looking at issuing further guidance on positive neutral CCyB approaches.

    For media queries, please contact Ettore Fanciulli tel.: +49 69 1344 95012.

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Russia: Denis Manturov held a session on the use of artificial intelligence to enhance the combat capabilities of weapons and control systems

    Translartion. Region: Russians Fedetion –

    Source: Government of the Russian Federation – An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

    Denis Manturov, Dmitry Chernyshenko, Deputy Minister of Defense Alexey Krivoruchko and representatives of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of Russia, members of the board of the military-industrial complex, heads of military command bodies, representatives of defense industry enterprises and the People’s Defense Industry Complex at a session on the use of artificial intelligence to increase the combat capabilities of weapons and control systems

    January 31, 2025

    Denis Manturov, Dmitry Chernyshenko and Deputy Minister of Defense Alexey Krivoruchko at a session on the use of artificial intelligence to enhance the combat capabilities of weapons and control systems

    January 31, 2025

    Denis Manturov and Dmitry Chernyshenko visited the Military Innovation Technopolis (VIT) “ERA”

    January 31, 2025

    Denis Manturov and Dmitry Chernyshenko visited the Military Innovation Technopolis (VIT) “ERA”

    January 31, 2025

    Samples of unmanned aircraft systems for intercepting air targets

    January 31, 2025

    Samples of unmanned aircraft systems for intercepting air targets

    January 31, 2025

    Previous news Next news

    Denis Manturov, Dmitry Chernyshenko, Deputy Minister of Defense Alexey Krivoruchko and representatives of the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the Ministry of Digital Development, Communications and Mass Media of Russia, members of the board of the military-industrial complex, heads of military command bodies, representatives of defense industry enterprises and the People’s Defense Industry Complex at a session on the use of artificial intelligence to increase the combat capabilities of weapons and control systems

    A strategic session was held at the Military Innovation Technopolis (VIT) “Era” under the leadership of First Deputy Prime Minister Denis Manturov.

    The event was attended by Deputy Prime Minister Dmitry Chernyshenko, Deputy Minister of Defense Alexey Krivoruchko, representatives of the Ministry of Industry and Trade and the Ministry of Digital Development, members of the board of the Military-Industrial Commission, heads of military command bodies, representatives of enterprises of the defense industry complex and the national defense industry complex.

    During the meeting, issues of the influence of artificial intelligence on increasing the combat effectiveness of units in combat zones and increasing the combat capabilities of weapons, equipment, and control systems were considered.

    “All leading countries of the world are aware of the growing role of artificial intelligence technologies, big data processing and cloud computing, having included their development among their strategic priorities. In fact, we can talk about another race of technological competition, comparable to the arms race and space exploration programs. Russia as a whole is following in the wake of global trends. Russian companies are developing technological products, including large language models, computer vision, machine learning, based on neural network tools. Most of the existing and planned developments have dual-use potential. Our task is to use them in solving applied military problems,” Denis Manturov noted.

    Artificial intelligence is used for automatic processing and analysis of intelligence data, can improve information support for combat operations, increase the ability to predict threats and the course of conflict development. Digital technologies are the basis for the mass introduction of robotic systems and swarm interaction of unmanned aerial vehicles.

    “Artificial intelligence is a breakthrough and fast technology that is important for both civilian and military needs. In the coming years, we will increase the volume of funding for AI research. We plan to accumulate these resources within the framework of a single AI research program. It is planned to allocate 5% of the state budget for funding scientific research in the field of AI and 15% of the state budget for funding research in other areas, but with the mandatory use of AI tools. Consolidation of these resources in the field of AI and training of specialists are extremely important for achieving technological sovereignty and other goals set by the President of Russia,” said Dmitry Chernyshenko.

    “It is also important to use the capabilities of AI analytics for a deep analysis of the conflict in Ukraine and further training of domestic intelligent systems,” Denis Manturov emphasized.

    The session participants discussed the formation of information and computing systems for the trusted use of elements of artificial intelligence for military purposes, as well as the experience of transitioning to a new generation of drones on neuroprocessors.

    An exhibition of new samples and technologies developed by residents of innovative scientific and technological centers and innovative development funds of the Russian Federation was opened for the participants of the strategic session. A number of samples using AI technologies were selected by the Main Directorate for Innovative Development of the Ministry of Defense of Russia together with the People’s Front for use in the special military operation zone.

    In particular, control modules for receiving video images, analyzing, capturing and automatically tracking targets, semi-autonomous underwater robotic systems (RTS) for reconnaissance, technical control of underwater objects, delivery and manipulation of cargo in difficult underwater conditions, unified consoles for simultaneous control of a group of RTS (several unmanned boats, ground-based RTS or a swarm of UAVs) were presented.

    Manufacturers also presented universal flight controller control units based on technical vision. In particular, in complex electronic environments, these devices retain full functionality of video analytics and allow you to hit a target when you lose control of the drone or return to the base on your own.

    In addition, the participants of the strategic session considered unmanned aircraft systems for intercepting air targets. Interceptor control systems with artificial intelligence allow for automatic detection and capture of targets for subsequent neutralization with a net, special pellets or kinetic damage.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI: Topicus.com Inc. acquires 9.99% Stake in Asseco Poland S.A. in Poland

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    TORONTO, Jan. 31, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Topicus.com Inc. (TOI.V) today announced that Topicus’ subsidiary Yukon Niebieski Kapital B.V. has purchased 8,300,029 shares in Asseco Poland S.A. (“Company”) from Cyfrowy Polsat S.A., representing approximately 9.99% of the issued shares in the Company. The shares were acquired at a price of 85 PLN per share.

    About Asseco Poland S.A.

    Asseco Group is a federation of companies engaged in information technology and operates in 62 countries worldwide. Asseco Group companies are listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange, Tel-Aviv Stock Exchange as well as on the American NASDAQ Global Markets. Asseco Group offers comprehensive, proprietary IT solutions for all sectors of the economy.

    About Topicus.com

    Topicus.com Inc. is a leading pan-European provider of vertical market software and vertical market platforms to clients in public and private sector markets. Operating and investing in countries and markets across Europe with long-term growth potential, Topicus.com Inc. acquires, builds and manages leading software companies providing specialized, mission-critical and high-impact software solutions that address the particular needs of customers.

    About Cyfrowy Polsat S.A.

    Cyfrowy Polsat S.A. is a leading media and telecom group in Poland, offering digital pay-TV, mobile and fixed-line telephony, mobile and fixed-line broadband internet, and TV broadcasting. It also operates in renewable energy and green hydrogen development. Key brands include Polsat, PolsatBox, Plus, Netia, and Interia.pl. Founded in 1996, the company is headquartered in Warsaw.

    For further information, contact:

    Topicus.com Inc.
    Jamal Baksh, Chief Financial Officer
    416-861-9677
    Email: jbaksh@csisoftware.com

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Chris Kent goes ‘Offline’ for night of laughter at the Alley

    Source: Northern Ireland – City of Derry

    Chris Kent goes ‘Offline’ for night of laughter at the Alley

    31 January 2025

    Prepare for an evening of sharp wit and hilarious observations when comedian Chris Kent takes on the ultimate digital detox in his new stand-up show ‘Offline’, which comes to the Alley Theatre, Strabane on Saturday 15th February.

    At 40, Chris Kent wonders if it’s possible to reclaim a simpler time – before Google, before constant notifications, and before every question could be answered with a quick scroll. In ‘Offline’, he sets out to give up the internet entirely, navigating life without asking his phone what to eat, where to go, or how to get home. He longs for the days of playing Snake on his Nokia and constructing emojis manually. But can he really survive in a world without Wi-Fi? Join him on a journey of self-discovery and hilarity that could either make him or break him.

    Chris Kent, known for his appearances on The Late Late Show and RTE Radio 1, delivers a night of side-splitting comedy as he grapples with modern life, technology, and the ultimate challenge: thinking for himself.

    The Alley Theatre, one of the premier cultural venues in Strabane, offers an intimate and welcoming atmosphere, making it the perfect setting for an evening of comedy.

    Don’t miss this hilarious journey of digital detox and self-reflection! Get your tickets now and join Chris Kent as he goes ‘Offline’ at the Alley Theatre.

    Tickets are £20 available from the Alley Theatre website www.alley-theatre.com or call the Alley Theatre Box Office on 028 71 384444.

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Free training on offer to help boost city centre business

    Source: Scotland – City of Aberdeen

    Aberdeen City Council, in partnership with  Aberdeen Grampian Chamber of Commerce, is offering free tailored training sessions to help to city centre businesses.

    The sessions take place on Monday 10 and Tuesday 18 February and cover business resilience and building long-term strategic relationships respectively.

    The sessions are part of the Business Toolkit, launched earlier in January , designed to support best practice, knowledge sharing and networking, and a proactive adaptable, approach to the challenges and opportunities of a changing high street.

    Aberdeen City Council Co-Leader Councillor Ian Yuill said: “The Council, in partnership with the Chamber of Commerce, is taking a proactive approach in helping city centre businesses adapt to the ever-evolving environment in which they operate.

    “The two free sessions will focus on building the capabilities and relationships which can help operators future-proof their business in times of change. I would encourage businesses to take advantage of these opportunities.”

    Aberdeen City Council Finance and Resources convener Councillor Alex McLellan said: “The Council’s aim is to support businesses in all sectors and ensure that the city centre thrives even in the face of changing consumer spending habits and other challenges.

    “Our commitment to a vibrant city centre with a mix of attractions and businesses that will attract visitors from far and wide. The two training sessions are just part of a toolkit specifically designed to deliver on that ambition.”

    The first training session will be held at Aberdeen Art Gallery with the second taking place at Marsichal College.

    For more information on the training sessions and the business toolkit, visit:

    Business toolkit | Aberdeen City Council

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Awards spotlight Canterbury’s community heroes

    Source: City of Canterbury

    Home  »  Latest News   »   Awards spotlight Canterbury’s community heroes

    Three pillars of the community were presented with Lord Mayor’s Awards to recognise all the work they do to make the district a better place. 

    The awards celebrate local heroes living in Canterbury, Herne Bay, Whitstable and the surrounding villages. 

    This year’s deserving winners were revealed by the Lord Mayor of Canterbury, Cllr Jean Butcher, at a special ceremony at Tower House on Thursday (30 January). 

    The first recipient was Dan Rattigan from Canterbury who runs Warhammer Alliance Canterbury – a free youth club that provides a setting for young people to take part in the Warhammer hobby. 

    Described as ‘kind, patient and inspiring’, Dan runs the youth club in his own time on top of his job as a teacher and holding tabletop hobby events and gaming sessions as part of Gothic Games Canterbury. 

    His nominations cite his support for the University of Kent’s Warhammer club by donating free equipment as well as his fundraising events for local charities. 

    The second recipient was Maureen Hawkes from Hoath whose nomination noted her unwavering service to the community by organising a number of local initiatives including monthly coffee mornings, festive events, and a regular community newsletter. 

    Maureen’s nomination highlights how she ‘has fostered a close-knit, vibrant community where everyone feels they belong’ through her voluntary work and that she brings ‘warmth, joy, and a strong sense of connection to residents of all ages.’ 

    Barbara Plews from Canterbury was the final award winner, having been nominated for setting up a low-cost badminton club for local children back in 2017. 

    She created Canterbury Junior Badminton Club after feeling there was a lack of opportunities for children to play badminton locally and now gives up her time to coach every Saturday morning on top of accompanying the children at local tournaments and league matches.  

    Cllr Butcher said: “Reading the heart-warming nominations sent in was incredibly inspiring but certainly made judging a really tough job. 

    “Although there were so many who deserved thanks, each of the winners selected have shown a true sense of community spirit and had a profound impact on the lives of those living in the district.  

    “It’s a real privilege to recognise Dan, Maureen and Barbara for their deep commitment to our community through the Lord Mayor’s Awards.” 

    Pictured above, from left to right, are Lady Mayoress Di Baldock, Maureen Hawkes, Dan Rattigan, Barbara Plews, and Lord Mayor Cllr Jean Butcher.  

    Published: 31 January 2025

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: Phillips 66 Reports Fourth-Quarter Results and Announces Next Phase of Strategic Initiatives

    Source: Phillips

    Fourth Quarter
    Reported fourth-quarter earnings of $8 million or $0.01 per share; adjusted loss of $61 million or $0.15 per share
    Earnings impacted by $230 million pre-tax of accelerated depreciation related to Los Angeles Refinery
    Returned $1.1 billion to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases
    Record NGL fractionation and LPG export volumes in Midstream
    Record clean product yield in Refining
    Surpassed targeted $3 billion in announced asset dispositions
    Full-Year 2024
    Earnings of $2.1 billion or $4.99 per share and adjusted earnings of $2.6 billion or $6.15 per share
    $4.2 billion of operating cash flow, $4.8 billion excluding working capital
    $5.3 billion returned to shareholders through dividends and share repurchases
    Second consecutive year above industry-average crude utilization
    Achieved $1.5 billion in run-rate business transformation savings and $500 million in synergy capture from successful DCP integration

    HOUSTON–(BUSINESS WIRE)– Phillips 66 (NYSE: PSX), a leading integrated downstream energy provider, announced fourth-quarter earnings.
    “During the fourth quarter, we achieved our strategic priority targets for shareholder distributions and asset dispositions,” said Mark Lashier, chairman and CEO. “We also delivered on our goal of improving Refining performance by continuing to run above industry-average crude utilization, setting record clean product yields and achieving our targeted cost reductions of $1 per barrel.
    “In support of our Midstream wellhead-to-market strategy, we recently announced an agreement to acquire EPIC’s NGL business, bolstering our Permian and Gulf Coast footprint,” said Lashier. “Upon closing, these assets will be accretive to earnings and highly integrated with our existing infrastructure, providing additional opportunities to enhance returns and shareholder value.”
    Lashier added, “Building on our successes, I am pleased to announce that we have set new financial and operational targets that prioritize debt reduction, a lowered cost structure and EBITDA growth. Supported by world-class operations, we are committed to returning over 50% of operating cash flow to shareholders.”
    On behalf of the Board of Directors, Glenn Tilton, lead independent director, remarked, “2024 was a pivotal year for Phillips 66. The team executed well on an ambitious set of strategic priorities, substantially improving the company’s competitiveness, and is well positioned to successfully deliver on a new set of targets through 2027.”
    Financial Results Summary (in millions of dollars, except as indicated)

     

     

    4Q 2024

    3Q 2024

    Earnings

    $

    8

    346

    Adjusted Earnings (Loss)1

     

    (61)

    859

    Adjusted EBITDA1

     

    1,130

    1,998

    Earnings (Loss) Per Share

     

     

    Earnings Per Share – Diluted

     

    0.01

    0.82

    Adjusted Earnings (Loss) Per Share – Diluted1

     

    (0.15)

    2.04

    Cash Flow From Operations

     

    1,198

    1,132

    Cash Flow From Operations, Excluding Working Capital1

     

    901

    1,513

    Capital Expenditures & Investments2

     

    506

    358

    Return of Capital to Shareholders

     

    1,119

    1,277

    Repurchases of common stock

     

    647

    800

    Dividends paid on common stock

     

    472

    477

    Cash

     

    1,738

    1,637

    Debt

     

    20,062

    19,998

    Debt-to-capital ratio

     

    41%

    40%

    Net debt-to-capital ratio1

     

    39%

    38%

    1Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most comparable GAAP financial measure are included within this release.

    2Excludes net acquisitions of $58 million and $567 million in the fourth and third quarters of 2024, respectively, and purchases of government obligations of $1.1 billion in the third quarter of 2024.

    Segment Financial and Operating Highlights (in millions of dollars, except as indicated)

     

     

    4Q 2024

    3Q 2024

    Change

     

    Earnings (Loss)1

    $

    8

    346

    (338)

    Midstream

     

    673

    644

    29

    Chemicals

     

    107

    342

    (235)

    Refining

     

    (775)

    (108)

    (667)

    Marketing and Specialties

     

    252

    (22)

    274

    Renewable Fuels

     

    28

    (116)

    144

    Corporate and Other

     

    (298)

    (327)

    29

    Income tax (expense) benefit

     

    38

    (44)

    82

    Noncontrolling interests

     

    (17)

    (23)

    6

     

     

     

     

    Adjusted Earnings (Loss)1,2

    $

    (61)

    859

    (920)

    Midstream

     

    708

    672

    36

    Chemicals

     

    72

    342

    (270)

    Refining

     

    (759)

    (67)

    (692)

    Marketing and Specialties

     

    185

    583

    (398)

    Renewable Fuels

     

    28

    (116)

    144

    Corporate and Other

     

    (294)

    (327)

    33

    Income tax (expense) benefit

     

    16

    (205)

    221

    Noncontrolling interests

     

    (17)

    (23)

    6

     

     

     

     

    Adjusted EBITDA2

    $

    1,130

    1,998

    (868)

    Midstream

     

    938

    892

    46

    Chemicals

     

    209

    466

    (257)

    Refining

     

    (298)

    188

    (486)

    Marketing and Specialties

     

    307

    656

    (349)

    Renewable Fuels

     

    50

    (92)

    142

    Corporate and Other

     

    (76)

    (112)

    36

     

     

     

     

    Operating Highlights

     

     

     

    Pipeline Throughput – Y-Grade to Market (MB/D)3

     

    759

    762

    (3)

    Chemicals Global O&P Capacity Utilization

     

    98%

    98%

    —%

    Refining

     

     

     

    Turnaround Expense

     

    123

    137

    (14)

    Realized Margin ($/BBL)2

     

    6.08

    8.31

    (2.23)

    Crude Capacity Utilization

     

    94%

    94%

    —%

    Clean Product Yield

     

    88%

    87%

    1%

    Renewable Fuels Produced (MB/D)

     

    42

    44

    (2)

    1Segment reporting is pre-tax.

     

     

     

    2Represents a non-GAAP financial measure. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most comparable GAAP financial measure are included within this release.

    3Represents volumes delivered to major fractionation hubs, including Mont Belvieu, Sweeny and Conway. Includes 100% of DCP Midstream Class A Segment and Phillips 66’s direct interest in DCP Sand Hills Pipeline, LLC and DCP Southern Hills Pipeline, LLC

    Fourth-Quarter 2024 Financial Results
    Reported earnings were $8 million for the fourth quarter of 2024 versus $346 million in the third quarter. Fourth-quarter earnings included pre-tax special item adjustments of $67 million in the Marketing and Specialties segment, $35 million in the Chemicals segment, $(35) million in the Midstream segment, $(16) million in the Refining segment, and $(4) million impacting the Corporate and Other segment. Adjusted losses for the fourth quarter were $61 million versus earnings of $859 million in the third quarter.
    Midstream fourth-quarter 2024 adjusted pre-tax income increased compared with the third quarter mainly due to higher NGL margins and volumes.
    Chemicals adjusted pre-tax income decreased mainly due to lower margins, as well as higher turnaround and maintenance costs.
    Refining adjusted pre-tax loss increased primarily due to a decline in realized margins largely driven by lower market crack spreads and accelerated depreciation associated with the planned ceasing of operations at the Los Angeles Refinery, partially offset by a higher clean product yield.
    Marketing and Specialties adjusted pre-tax income decreased primarily due to seasonally lower margins.
    Renewable Fuels pre-tax results increased primarily due to higher margins at the Rodeo Complex and stronger international results.
    Corporate and Other adjusted pre-tax loss decreased mainly due to lower net interest expense and employee-related costs, partially offset by depreciation expense.
    As of Dec. 31, 2024, the company had $1.7 billion of cash and cash equivalents and $4.6 billion of committed capacity available under credit facilities.
    Strategic Priorities Update
    Phillips 66 successfully delivered on its strategic priorities first announced in October 2022. The company remains committed to leveraging its integrated portfolio to enhance long-term shareholder value and is announcing its next phase of priorities through 2027. Highlights include:
    Delivering shareholder returns by returning greater than 50% of operating cash flow to shareholders;
    Executing world-class operations by achieving 2% higher than industry-average crude utilization and targeting annual adjusted controllable costs of $5.50 per barrel in Refining, excluding adjusted turnaround expense;
    Delivering disciplined growth and returns by growing Midstream and Chemicals mid-cycle adjusted EBITDA $1 billion in total by 2027; and
    Maintaining financial strength and flexibility by reducing total debt to $17 billion.
    Additional details will be covered in our investor webcast.
    Investor Webcast
    Members of Phillips 66 executive management will host a webcast at noon ET to provide an update on the company’s strategic initiatives and discuss the company’s fourth-quarter performance. To access the webcast and view related presentation materials, go to phillips66.com/investors and click on “Events & Presentations.” For detailed supplemental information, go to phillips66.com/supplemental.
    About Phillips 66
    Phillips 66 (NYSE: PSX) is a leading integrated downstream energy provider that manufactures, transports and markets products that drive the global economy. The company’s portfolio includes Midstream, Chemicals, Refining, Marketing and Specialties, and Renewable Fuels businesses. Headquartered in Houston, Phillips 66 has employees around the globe who are committed to safely and reliably providing energy and improving lives while pursuing a lower-carbon future. For more information, visit phillips66.com or follow @Phillips66Co on LinkedIn.
    Use of Non-GAAP Financial Information —This news release includes the terms “adjusted earnings (loss),” “adjusted pre-tax income (loss),” “adjusted EBITDA,” “adjusted earnings (loss) per share,” “refining realized margin per barrel,” “cash from operations, excluding working capital,” and “net debt-to-capital ratio.” These are non-GAAP financial measures that are included to help facilitate comparisons of operating performance across periods and to help facilitate comparisons with other companies in our industry. Where applicable, these measures exclude items that do not reflect the core operating results of our businesses in the current period or other adjustments to reflect how management analyzes results. Reconciliations of these non-GAAP financial measures to the most comparable GAAP financial measure are included within this release.
    References in the release to earnings refer to net income attributable to Phillips 66. References to run-rate business transformation savings include cost savings and other benefits that will be captured in the sales and other operating revenues impacting gross margin; purchased crude oil and products costs impacting gross margin; operating expenses; selling, general and administrative expenses; and equity in earnings of affiliates lines on our consolidated statement of income when realized. Run-rate savings include run-rate sustaining capital savings. Run-rate sustaining capital savings include savings that will be captured in the capital expenditures and investments on our consolidated statement of cash flows when realized.
    Basis of Presentation — Effective April 1, 2024, we changed the internal financial information reviewed by our chief executive officer to evaluate performance and allocate resources to our operating segments. This included changes in the composition of our operating segments, as well as measurement changes for certain activities between our operating segments. The primary effects of this realignment included establishment of a Renewable Fuels operating segment, which includes renewable fuels activities and assets historically reported in our Refining, Marketing and Specialties (M&S), and Midstream segments; change in method of allocating results for certain Gulf Coast distillate export activities from our M&S segment to our Refining segment; reclassification of certain crude oil and international clean products trading activities between our M&S segment and our Refining segment; and change in reporting of our investment in NOVONIX from our Midstream segment to Corporate and Other. Accordingly, prior period results have been recast for comparability.
    In the third quarter of 2024, we began presenting the line item “Capital expenditures and investments” on our consolidated statement of cash flows exclusive of acquisitions, net of cash acquired. Accordingly, prior period information has been reclassified for comparability.
    Cautionary Statement for the Purposes of the “Safe Harbor” Provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 —This news release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws relating to Phillips 66’s operations, strategy and performance. Words such as “anticipated,” “estimated,” “expected,” “planned,” “scheduled,” “targeted,” “believe,” “continue,” “intend,” “will,” “would,” “objective,” “goal,” “project,” “efforts,” “strategies” and similar expressions that convey the prospective nature of events or outcomes generally indicate forward-looking statements. However, the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. Forward-looking statements included in this news release are based on management’s expectations, estimates and projections as of the date they are made. These statements are not guarantees of future events or performance, and you should not unduly rely on them as they involve certain risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed or forecast in such forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause actual results or events to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements include: changes in governmental policies or laws that relate to our operations, including regulations that seek to limit or restrict refining, marketing and midstream operations or regulate profits, pricing, or taxation of our products or feedstocks, or other regulations that restrict feedstock imports or product exports; our ability to timely obtain or maintain permits necessary for projects; fluctuations in NGL, crude oil, refined petroleum, renewable fuels and natural gas prices, and refining, marketing and petrochemical margins; the effects of any widespread public health crisis and its negative impact on commercial activity and demand for refined petroleum or renewable fuels products; changes to worldwide government policies relating to renewable fuels and greenhouse gas emissions that adversely affect programs including the renewable fuel standards program, low carbon fuel standards and tax credits for renewable fuels; potential liability from pending or future litigation; liability for remedial actions, including removal and reclamation obligations under existing or future environmental regulations; unexpected changes in costs for constructing, modifying or operating our facilities; our ability to successfully complete, or any material delay in the completion of, any asset disposition, acquisition, shutdown or conversion that we have announced or may pursue, including receipt of any necessary regulatory approvals or permits related thereto; unexpected difficulties in manufacturing, refining or transporting our products; the level and success of drilling and production volumes around our midstream assets; risks and uncertainties with respect to the actions of actual or potential competitive suppliers and transporters of refined petroleum products, renewable fuels or specialty products; lack of, or disruptions in, adequate and reliable transportation for our products; failure to complete construction of capital projects on time or within budget; our ability to comply with governmental regulations or make capital expenditures to maintain compliance with laws; limited access to capital or significantly higher cost of capital related to illiquidity or uncertainty in the domestic or international financial markets, which may also impact our ability to repurchase shares and declare and pay dividends; potential disruption of our operations due to accidents, weather events, including as a result of climate change, acts of terrorism or cyberattacks; general domestic and international economic and political developments, including armed hostilities (such as the Russia-Ukraine war), expropriation of assets, and other diplomatic developments; international monetary conditions and exchange controls; changes in estimates or projections used to assess fair value of intangible assets, goodwill and property and equipment and/or strategic decisions with respect to our asset portfolio that cause impairment charges; investments required, or reduced demand for products, as a result of environmental rules and regulations; changes in tax, environmental and other laws and regulations (including alternative energy mandates); political and societal concerns about climate change that could result in changes to our business or increase expenditures, including litigation-related expenses; the operation, financing and distribution decisions of equity affiliates we do not control; and other economic, business, competitive and/or regulatory factors affecting Phillips 66’s businesses generally as set forth in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Phillips 66 is under no obligation (and expressly disclaims any such obligation) to update or alter its forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

    Earnings (Loss)

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Millions of Dollars

     

    2024

     

    2023

     

    4Q

    3Q

    Year

     

    4Q

    Year

    Midstream

    $

    673

     

    644

     

    2,638

     

     

    759

     

    2,819

     

    Chemicals

     

    107

     

    342

     

    876

     

     

    106

     

    600

     

    Refining

     

    (775

    )

    (108

    )

    (365

    )

     

    859

     

    5,340

     

    Marketing and Specialties

     

    252

     

    (22

    )

    1,011

     

     

    396

     

    1,897

     

    Renewable Fuels

     

    28

     

    (116

    )

    (198

    )

     

    (11

    )

    153

     

    Corporate and Other

     

    (298

    )

    (327

    )

    (1,287

    )

     

    (348

    )

    (1,340

    )

    Pre-Tax Income (Loss)

     

    (13

    )

    413

     

    2,675

     

     

    1,761

     

    9,469

     

    Less: Income tax expense (benefit)

     

    (38

    )

    44

     

    500

     

     

    476

     

    2,230

     

    Less: Noncontrolling interests

     

    17

     

    23

     

    58

     

     

    25

     

    224

     

    Phillips 66

    $

    8

     

    346

     

    2,117

     

     

    1,260

     

    7,015

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Adjusted Earnings (Loss)

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Millions of Dollars

     

    2024

     

    2023

     

    4Q

    3Q

    Year

     

    4Q

    Year

    Midstream

    $

    708

     

    672

     

    2,746

     

     

    757

     

    2,672

     

    Chemicals

     

    72

     

    342

     

    841

     

     

    106

     

    600

     

    Refining

     

    (759

    )

    (67

    )

    (211

    )

     

    842

     

    5,367

     

    Marketing and Specialties

     

    185

     

    583

     

    1,490

     

     

    396

     

    1,897

     

    Renewable Fuels

     

    28

     

    (116

    )

    (198

    )

     

    (11

    )

    153

     

    Corporate and Other

     

    (294

    )

    (327

    )

    (1,283

    )

     

    (298

    )

    (1,110

    )

    Pre-Tax Income (Loss)

     

    (60

    )

    1,087

     

    3,385

     

     

    1,792

     

    9,579

     

    Less: Income tax expense (benefit)

     

    (16

    )

    205

     

    693

     

     

    405

     

    2,173

     

    Less: Noncontrolling interests

     

    17

     

    23

     

    88

     

     

    25

     

    243

     

    Phillips 66

    $

    (61

    )

    859

     

    2,604

     

     

    1,362

     

    7,163

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Millions of Dollars

     

    Except as Indicated

     

    2024

     

    2023

     

    4Q

    3Q

    Year

     

    4Q

    Year

    Reconciliation of Consolidated Earnings to Adjusted Earnings (Loss)

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Consolidated Earnings

    $

    8

     

    346

     

    2,117

     

     

    1,260

     

    7,015

     

    Pre-tax adjustments:

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Certain tax impacts

     

    (9

    )

    —

     

    (9

    )

     

    (19

    )

    (19

    )

    Impairments1

     

    35

     

    28

     

    450

     

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Net gain on asset dispositions2

     

    (67

    )

    —

     

    (305

    )

     

    —

     

    (123

    )

    Change in inventory method for acquired business

     

    —

     

    —

     

    —

     

     

    —

     

    (46

    )

    Winter-storm-related costs (recovery)

     

    (35

    )

    —

     

    (35

    )

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Los Angeles Refinery cessation costs3

     

    7

     

    41

     

    48

     

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Legal accrual4

     

    22

     

    605

     

    627

     

     

    —

     

    30

     

    Legal settlement

     

    —

     

    —

     

    (66

    )

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Business transformation restructuring costs

     

    —

     

    —

     

    —

     

     

    50

     

    177

     

    Loss on early redemption of DCP debt

     

    —

     

    —

     

    —

     

     

    —

     

    53

     

    DCP integration restructuring costs

     

    —

     

    —

     

    —

     

     

    —

     

    38

     

    Tax impact of adjustments5

     

    9

     

    (161

    )

    (162

    )

     

    (12

    )

    (26

    )

    Other tax impacts

     

    (31

    )

    —

     

    (31

    )

     

    83

     

    83

     

    Noncontrolling interests

     

    —

     

    —

     

    (30

    )

     

    —

     

    (19

    )

    Adjusted earnings (loss)

    $

    (61

    )

    859

     

    2,604

     

     

    1,362

     

    7,163

     

    Earnings per share of common stock ( dollars )

    $

    0.01

     

    0.82

     

    4.99

     

     

    2.86

     

    15.48

     

    Adjusted earnings (loss) per share of common stock ( dollars )6

    $

    (0.15

    )

    2.04

     

    6.15

     

     

    3.09

     

    15.81

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Reconciliation of Segment Pre-Tax Income

     

     

     

     

     

     

    (Loss) to Adjusted Pre-Tax Income (Loss)

    Midstream Pre-Tax Income

    $

    673

     

    644

     

    2,638

     

     

    759

     

    2,819

     

    Pre-tax adjustments:

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Impairments1

     

    35

     

    28

     

    346

     

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Certain tax impacts

     

    —

     

    —

     

    —

     

     

    (2

    )

    (2

    )

    Net gain on asset disposition

     

    —

     

    —

     

    (238

    )

     

    —

     

    (137

    )

    Change in inventory method for acquired business

     

    —

     

    —

     

    —

     

     

    —

     

    (46

    )

    DCP integration restructuring costs

     

    —

     

    —

     

    —

     

     

    —

     

    38

     

    Adjusted pre-tax income

    $

    708

     

    672

     

    2,746

     

     

    757

     

    2,672

     

    Chemicals Pre-Tax Income

    $

    107

     

    342

     

    876

     

     

    106

     

    600

     

    Pre-tax adjustments:

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Winter-storm-related costs (recovery)

     

    (35

    )

    —

     

    (35

    )

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Adjusted pre-tax income

    $

    72

     

    342

     

    841

     

     

    106

     

    600

     

    Refining Pre-Tax Income (Loss)

    $

    (775

    )

    (108

    )

    (365

    )

     

    859

     

    5,340

     

    Pre-tax adjustments:

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Impairments1

     

    —

     

    —

     

    104

     

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Los Angeles Refinery cessation costs3

     

    3

     

    41

     

    44

     

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Certain tax impacts

     

    (9

    )

    —

     

    (9

    )

     

    (17

    )

    (17

    )

    Net loss on asset disposition

     

    —

     

    —

     

    —

     

     

    —

     

    14

     

    Legal accrual

     

    22

     

    —

     

    22

     

     

    —

     

    30

     

    Legal settlement

     

    —

     

    —

     

    (7

    )

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Adjusted pre-tax income (loss)

    $

    (759

    )

    (67

    )

    (211

    )

     

    842

     

    5,367

     

    Marketing and Specialties Pre-Tax Income (Loss)

    $

    252

     

    (22

    )

    1,011

     

     

    396

     

    1,897

     

    Pre-tax adjustments:

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Legal accrual4

     

    —

     

    605

     

    605

     

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Net gain on asset disposition2

     

    (67

    )

    —

     

    (67

    )

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Legal settlement

     

    —

     

    —

     

    (59

    )

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Adjusted pre-tax income

    $

    185

     

    583

     

    1,490

     

     

    396

     

    1,897

     

    Renewable Fuels Pre-Tax Income (Loss)

    $

    28

     

    (116

    )

    (198

    )

     

    (11

    )

    153

     

    Pre-tax adjustments:

     

     

     

     

     

     

    None

     

    —

     

    —

     

    —

     

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Adjusted pre-tax income (loss)

    $

    28

     

    (116

    )

    (198

    )

     

    (11

    )

    153

     

    Corporate and Other Pre-Tax Loss

    $

    (298

    )

    (327

    )

    (1,287

    )

     

    (348

    )

    (1,340

    )

    Pre-tax adjustments:

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Business transformation restructuring costs

     

    —

     

    —

     

    —

     

     

    50

     

    177

     

    Loss on early redemption of DCP debt

     

    —

     

    —

     

    —

     

     

    —

     

    53

     

    Los Angeles Refinery cessation costs3

     

    4

     

    —

     

    4

     

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Adjusted pre-tax loss

    $

    (294

    )

    (327

    )

    (1,283

    )

     

    (298

    )

    (1,110

    )

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    1Impairments primarily related to certain gathering and processing assets in the Midstream segment, as well as certain crude oil processing and logistics assets in California, reported in the Refining segment.

    2In connection with the asset sale of our 49% non-operated equity interest in Coop Mineraloel AG closing early 2025, a before-tax unrealized gain was recognized from a foreign currency derivative in the Marketing & Specialties segment.

    3Cessation costs include pre-tax charges for severance costs.

    4Third-quarter legal accrual primarily related to ongoing litigation.

    5We generally tax effect taxable U.S.-based special items using a combined federal and state statutory income tax rate of approximately 24%. Taxable special items attributable to foreign locations likewise use a local statutory income tax rate. Nontaxable events reflect zero income tax. These events include, but are not limited to, most goodwill impairments, transactions legislatively exempt from income tax, transactions related to entities for which we have made an assertion that the undistributed earnings are permanently reinvested, or transactions occurring in jurisdictions with a valuation allowance.

    6YTD 2024, Q4 2024, Q3 2024 and Q4 2023 are based on adjusted weighted-average diluted shares of 422,538 thousand, 411,687 thousand, 419,827 thousand and 440,582 thousand, respectively. Other periods are based on the same weighted-average diluted shares outstanding as that used in the GAAP diluted earnings per share calculation. Income allocated to participating securities, if applicable, in the adjusted earnings per share calculation is the same as that used in the GAAP diluted earnings per share calculation.

     

    Millions of Dollars

     

    Except as Indicated

     

    2024

     

    4Q

    3Q

    Reconciliation of Consolidated Net Income to Adjusted EBITDA

     

     

    Net Income

    $

    25

     

    369

     

    Plus:

     

     

    Income tax expense

     

    (38

    )

    44

     

    Net interest expense

     

    168

     

    191

     

    Depreciation and amortization

     

    819

     

    543

     

    Phillips 66 EBITDA

    $

    974

     

    1,147

     

    Special Item Adjustments (pre-tax):

     

     

    Certain tax impacts

     

    (9

    )

    —

     

    Impairments

     

    35

     

    28

     

    Winter-storm-related costs (recovery)

     

    (35

    )

    —

     

    Net gain on asset disposition

     

    (67

    )

    —

     

    Los Angeles Refinery cessation costs

     

    7

     

    41

     

    Legal accrual

     

    22

     

    605

     

    Total Special Item Adjustments (pre-tax)

     

    (47

    )

    674

     

    Change in Fair Value of NOVONIX Investment

     

    1

     

    —

     

    Phillips 66 EBITDA, Adjusted for Special Items and Change in Fair Value of NOVONIX Investment

    $

    928

     

    1,821

     

    Other Adjustments (pre-tax):

     

     

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates income taxes

     

    17

     

    24

     

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates net interest

     

    14

     

    12

     

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates depreciation and amortization

     

    209

     

    188

     

    Adjusted EBITDA attributable to noncontrolling interests

     

    (38

    )

    (47

    )

    Phillips 66 Adjusted EBITDA

    $

    1,130

     

    1,998

     

     

     

     

    Reconciliation of Segment Income before Income Taxes to Adjusted EBITDA

     

     

    Midstream Income before income taxes

    $

    673

     

    644

     

    Plus:

     

     

    Depreciation and amortization

     

    234

     

    233

     

    Midstream EBITDA

    $

    907

     

    877

     

    Special Item Adjustments (pre-tax):

     

     

    Impairments

     

    35

     

    28

     

    Midstream EBITDA, Adjusted for Special Items

    $

    942

     

    905

     

    Other Adjustments (pre-tax):

     

     

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates income taxes

     

    3

     

    5

     

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates net interest

     

    3

     

    3

     

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates depreciation and amortization

     

    28

     

    26

     

    Adjusted EBITDA attributable to noncontrolling interests

     

    (38

    )

    (47

    )

    Midstream Adjusted EBITDA

    $

    938

     

    892

     

    Chemicals Income before income taxes

    $

    107

     

    342

     

    Plus:

     

     

    None

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Chemicals EBITDA

    $

    107

     

    342

     

    Special Item Adjustments (pre-tax):

     

     

    Winter-storm-related costs (recovery)

     

    (35

    )

    —

     

    Chemicals EBITDA, Adjusted for Special Items

    $

    72

     

    342

     

    Other Adjustments (pre-tax):

     

     

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates income taxes

     

    11

     

    13

     

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates net interest

     

    —

     

    (2

    )

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates depreciation and amortization

     

    126

     

    113

     

    Chemicals Adjusted EBITDA

    $

    209

     

    466

     

    Refining Loss before income taxes

    $

    (775

    )

    (108

    )

    Plus:

     

     

    Depreciation and amortization

     

    435

     

    230

     

    Refining EBITDA

    $

    (340

    )

    122

     

    Special Item Adjustments (pre-tax):

     

     

    Certain tax impacts

     

    (9

    )

    —

     

    Los Angeles Refinery cessation costs

     

    3

     

    41

     

    Legal accrual

     

    22

     

    —

     

    Refining EBITDA, Adjusted for Special Items

    $

    (324

    )

    163

     

    Other Adjustments (pre-tax):

     

     

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates income taxes

     

    (1

    )

    (1

    )

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates net interest

     

    —

     

    (1

    )

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates depreciation and amortization

     

    27

     

    27

     

    Refining Adjusted EBITDA

    $

    (298

    )

    188

     

    Marketing and Specialties Income (loss) before income taxes

    $

    252

     

    (22

    )

    Plus:

     

     

    Depreciation and amortization

     

    79

     

    32

     

    Marketing and Specialties EBITDA

    $

    331

     

    10

     

    Special Item Adjustments (pre-tax):

     

     

    Legal accrual

     

    —

     

    605

     

    Net gain on asset disposition

     

    (67

    )

    —

     

    Marketing and Specialties EBITDA, Adjusted for Special Items

    $

    264

     

    615

     

    Other Adjustments (pre-tax):

     

     

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates income taxes

     

    4

     

    7

     

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates net interest

     

    11

     

    12

     

    Proportional share of selected equity affiliates depreciation and amortization

     

    28

     

    22

     

    Marketing and Specialties Adjusted EBITDA

    $

    307

     

    656

     

    Renewable Fuels Income (loss) before income taxes

    $

    28

     

    (116

    )

    Plus:

     

     

    Depreciation and amortization

     

    22

     

    24

     

    Renewable Fuels EBITDA

    $

    50

     

    (92

    )

    Special Item Adjustments (pre-tax):

     

     

    None

     

    —

     

    —

     

    Renewable Fuels EBITDA, Adjusted for Special Items

    $

    50

     

    (92

    )

    Corporate and Other Loss before income taxes

    $

    (298

    )

    (327

    )

    Plus:

     

     

    Net interest expense

     

    168

     

    191

     

    Depreciation and amortization

     

    49

     

    24

     

    Corporate and Other EBITDA

    $

    (81

    )

    (112

    )

    Special Item Adjustments (pre-tax):

     

     

    Los Angeles Refinery cessation costs

     

    4

     

    —

     

    Total Special Item Adjustments (pre-tax)

     

    4

     

    —

     

    Change in Fair Value of NOVONIX Investment

     

    1

     

    —

     

    Corporate EBITDA, Adjusted for Special Items and Change in Fair Value of NOVONIX Investment

    $

    (76

    )

    (112

    )

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Millions of Dollars

     

    Except as Indicated

     

    December 31, 2024

    Debt-to-Capital Ratio

     

    Total Debt

    $

    20,062

     

    Total Equity

     

    28,463

     

    Debt-to-Capital Ratio

     

    41

    %

    Total Cash

     

    1,738

     

    Net Debt-to-Capital Ratio

     

    39

    %

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Millions of Dollars

     

    December 31, 2024

    Reconciliation of Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities to Operating Cash Flow, Excluding Working Capital

     

    Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities

    $

    1,198

     

    Less: Net Working Capital Changes

     

    297

     

    Operating Cash Flow, Excluding Working Capital

    $

    901

     

     

     

     

    Millions of Dollars

     

    Except as Indicated

     

    2024

     

    4Q

    3Q

    Reconciliation of Refining Loss Before Income Taxes to Realized Refining Margins

     

     

    Loss before income taxes

    $

    (775

    )

    (108

    )

    Plus:

     

     

    Taxes other than income taxes

     

    92

     

    100

     

    Depreciation, amortization and impairments

     

    436

     

    230

     

    Selling, general and administrative expenses

     

    60

     

    60

     

    Operating expenses

     

    968

     

    922

     

    Equity in earnings of affiliates

     

    79

     

    12

     

    Other segment expense, net

     

    58

     

    (4

    )

    Proportional share of refining gross margins contributed by equity affiliates

     

    132

     

    193

     

    Special items:

     

     

    Certain tax impacts

     

    (9

    )

    —

     

    Realized refining margins

    $

    1,041

     

    1,405

     

    Total processed inputs ( thousands of barrels )

     

    147,880

     

    145,440

     

    Adjusted total processed inputs ( thousands of barrels )*

     

    171,031

     

    168,951

     

    Loss before income taxes ( dollars per barrel )**

    $

    (5.24

    )

    (0.74

    )

    Realized refining margins ( dollars per barrel )***

    $

    6.08

     

    8.31

     

    *Adjusted total processed inputs include our proportional share of processed inputs of an equity affiliate.

     

    **Income before income taxes divided by total processed inputs.

     

    ***Realized refining margins per barrel, as presented, are calculated using the underlying realized refining margin amounts, in dollars, divided by adjusted total processed inputs, in barrels. As such, recalculated per barrel amounts using the rounded margins and barrels presented may differ from the presented per barrel amounts.

    Source: Phillips 66

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Anthony Rogers appointed new Chief Inspector of HMCPSI

    Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments

    The Attorney General Lord Hermer KC has announced that Anthony Rogers has been appointed to the role of His Majesty’s Chief Inspector of HMCPSI.

    Portrait of HMCPSI Chief Inspector Anthony Rogers

    The Attorney General Lord Hermer KC has today announced that Anthony Rogers has been appointed to the role of Chief Inspector of His Majesty’s Crown Prosecution Service Inspectorate (HMCPSI).

    The appointment follows Anthony Rogers’ selection as the government’s preferred candidate in December 2024 and his appearance before the Justice Select Committee for a pre-appointment hearing on 28 January 2025. The committee recommended Anthony Rogers’ appointment.

    Anthony Rogers has served as interim Chief Inspector since February 2024 and he was selected following a fair and open assessment process conducted in accordance with the Governance Code on Public Appointments.

    The Attorney General Lord Hermer KC said:

    I would like to congratulate Anthony on his appointment as the next Chief Inspector of HMCPSI. Anthony brings extensive experience to this important role, having delivered some of HMCPSI’s most significant inspections in recent years and served expertly in the role in an interim capacity since last year.

    His support and insight will be invaluable as we work to improve the performance of the organisations HMCPSI inspects and rebuild people’s trust in the rule of law as part of this government’s Plan for Change.

    Chief Inspector Anthony Rogers said:  

    I am extremely proud to be appointed as Chief Inspector of HMCPSI. The work of the inspectorate strengthens the criminal justice system and lets the public know how the CPS and SFO are performing.

    I have a clear vision of how HMCPSI will build on its 25 years of experience to continue to make a real difference. Our work will continue to drive improvement and deliver a fairer and more effective justice system for all.

    Anthony Rogers’ Biography

    Since February 2024, Anthony Rogers has been Interim HM Chief Inspector of HMCPSI. He was Deputy Chief Inspector of HMCPSI between April 2018 and February 2024, during which he was seconded for six months to the Independent Review of the SFO’s handling of the Unaoil Case, giving evidence to the Justice Select Committee.

    While interim Chief Inspector, Anthony has overseen the publication of five inspection reports, including the review into CPS’s actions in the Valdo Calocane case and an inspection by invitation of the Services Prosecuting Authority.

    October 2025 will see HMCPSI mark its 25th anniversary and Anthony has set an ambitious programme of inspections for 2025, including an inspection on handling of rape cases in the CPS and an inspection by invitation of the Health and Safety Executive.

    Anthony has extensive Civil Service experience going back to 1989 and has worked in a number of different government departments. Between 2013 and 2016 he worked for the Crown Prosecution Service including as an Area Business Manager, jointly responsible for the senior leadership of the Crown Prosecution Service London and Head of Profession for operational delivery; and Head of Compliance, Assurance and Support, responsible for the development, design and implementation of a new Crown Prosecution Service national strategy.

    Anthony has extensive experience outside the Civil Service as a management consultant and non-executive director. Anthony was previously a non-executive director of the Yorkshire Sport Foundation and former chair of trustees of SportsAid Yorkshire and Humberside.

    Role of Chief Inspector of HMCPSI

    His Majesty’s Chief Inspector of HMCPSI is appointed by the Attorney General. This is a public appointment for a fixed term of five years and the Chief Inspector acts independently of the Attorney General and of government.

    HMCPSI has a statutory duty to inspect the Crown Prosecution Service and the Serious Fraud Office and report to the Law Officers, who superintends both those organisations. HMCPSI’s reports play an important role in effective superintendence of CPS and SFO, as well as improving the performance of the organisations HMCPSI inspects, strengthening the criminal justice system, and increasing public trust. HMCPSI is also able to inspect other organisations if invited to do so.

    The operational relationship between the Attorney General and the Chief Inspector is set out in a protocol agreed between the Law Officers and the Chief Inspector.

    Updates to this page

    Published 31 January 2025

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Civil Service course gets digital refresh to help civil servants

    Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments

    The popular online writing course Foundations of Writing in Government has been updated, to help more civil servants improve essential communication skills.

    Jonathan Marshall, Government Skills

    The free course which learners can do at their own pace, was launched in 2022 and now includes new animations on effective sentence and paragraph structuring. It also has an updated section on digital editing tools.

    “Writing well is one of the stand-out skills which civil servants need to have in their jobs and to progress in their careers,” said Jonathan Marshall, Government Skills learning expert. “Whether it’s a simple email to a colleague or a detailed briefing paper for ministers, how you express yourself and your ideas in writing is crucial.”

    The four hour online course takes participants through the JASPER principles: 

    • Jargon-free
    • Acronyms explained
    • Short sentences
    • Plain English
    • Editors
    • Readers

    “The ultimate aim of our writing is to communicate effectively,” Jonathan explained. “From the beginning to the end of the writing process, we should think about who our audience is and what they need.”

    The course forms part of the Civil Service recommended learning curriculum which includes further training on drafting, briefing, and advanced writing techniques. 

    Read more about the course and Jonathan Marshall’s top tips on writing  here. 

    Civil servants can now access the updated Foundations of Writing in Government (JASPER) course on Civil Service Learning.

    Updates to this page

    Published 31 January 2025

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI Russia: New educational program will prepare effective managers of innovative businesses

    Translartion. Region: Russians Fedetion –

    Source: State University Higher School of Economics – State University Higher School of Economics –

    In today’s rapidly changing world, innovations are becoming the basis for competitiveness and the driver of business development. In these conditions, new requirements are imposed on management – heads of companies, projects, products, teams – in terms of approaches, thinking, methods and individual tools. Especially for them School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship HSE University is opening a new continuing education programHead of Innovative Business“.

    The new DPO program will help you solve the problem of updating and systematizing knowledge, master new competencies in the field of innovation management, improve your leadership, communication, and public speaking skills, and make new acquaintances in the professional community.

    What awaits listeners

    Future Innovative business leaders study technological trends and corporate innovation, learn about the culture of innovation and operational efficiency. They will learn how to develop and manage an innovative product, project, portfolio. Students will receive an algorithm for finding strong solutions and innovative strategies, study the specifics of leadership and communications in this area, as well as a number of other topics and disciplines.

    Over several months of immersion in an intensive, yet convenient format for workers, program participants will receive:

    competencies at the intersection of entrepreneurship, innovation, management and soft skills;

    the opportunity to implement your own management or business project from idea to implementation;

    inspiration, insights, like-minded people, new ideas and broadening of horizons, opportunities and solutions;

    MBA-level networking and immersion in a professional environment.

    Who should I learn from?

    The teaching staff is 100% experts and practitioners who create and manage innovative businesses in such structures as Aeroflot, Skolkovo, Rosatom, VTB, Uralchem and others, and the content of the program is based on real cases and business tasks, in the solution of which students are helped by a well-structured and most relevant theoretical base.

    Who is expected at the program?

    “We invite those who have management experience in any field of activity and who seek to discover opportunities for professional and career growth through innovation to the “Head of Innovative Business” program,” says Alexander Pushko, head of the program. “This program is for those who dream of learning to fly and conquer new heights. During the training, you will discover new horizons, reboot and get inspired, learn how to select and coordinate a crew into a single team, get off the ground and feel confident in flight even in conditions of high turbulence, find strong solutions, maintain a high quality bar and invariably win applause during a soft landing.”

    Training format

    Upon completion of the training, students will receive a diploma with the qualification of “Specialized Master in Innovative Business” and will be able to immediately implement the knowledge they have gained in their work.

    The training lasts seven months and ends with the defense of the project. The training format is mixed and involves three offline modules of three days in Moscow, the rest of the time online classes three times a week on weekday evenings and on Saturdays.

    Detailed information about the program, admission requirements, study mode and discounts is available at website. Training begins on October 17th.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI Russia: Conversation between Mikhail Mishustin and the Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Kyrgyzstan – Head of the Administration of the President of Kyrgyzstan Adylbek Kasymaliev

    Translartion. Region: Russians Fedetion –

    Source: Government of the Russian Federation – An important disclaimer is at the bottom of this article.

    Mikhail Mishustin with the Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Kyrgyzstan – Head of the Administration of the President of Kyrgyzstan Adylbek Kasymaliev

    January 31, 2025

    Conversation between Mikhail Mishustin and the Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Kyrgyzstan – Head of the Administration of the President of Kyrgyzstan Adylbek Kasymaliev

    January 31, 2025

    Conversation between Mikhail Mishustin and the Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Kyrgyzstan – Head of the Administration of the President of Kyrgyzstan Adylbek Kasymaliev

    January 31, 2025

    Previous news Next news

    Mikhail Mishustin with the Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Kyrgyzstan – Head of the Administration of the President of Kyrgyzstan Adylbek Kasymaliev

    Visit

    From the transcript:

    M. Mishustin: Greetings to you, esteemed Adylbek Aleshovich! This is your first time participating in a meeting of the Eurasian Intergovernmental Council as the head of the Government of Kyrgyzstan. And taking this opportunity, I would like to ask you to convey the best wishes to the President of the Kyrgyz Republic Sadyr Nurgozhoevich Japarov from the President of Russia Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin. We hope that under your leadership the Government of Kyrgyzstan will continue its course to strengthen cooperation with Russia in all areas.

    Our country is the leading economic partner of Kyrgyzstan. Our mutual trade turnover is steadily growing. Our intergovernmental commission is actively working. Russian companies supply energy resources, industrial and agricultural products to Kyrgyzstan. We also provide support to our partners in the field of tax administration.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Press release – Polish Presidency debriefs EP committees on priorities

    Source: European Parliament

    Poland holds the Presidency of the Council until the end of June 2025. This text will be updated regularly as the hearings take place.

    Environment, Climate and Food Safety

    On 23 January, Paulina Hennig-Kloska, Minister of Climate and Environment, highlighted the need for climate adaptation measures, combating climate disinformation, and to advance key legislative files such as the waste framework directive on textiles and food, the European soil monitoring law, and the “One Substance, One Assessment” chemicals package. The Presidency also plans to secure agreement with Parliament on plastic pellet losses, water pollutants, and detergents rules.

    MEPs asked about the Presidency’s stance on the new emissions trading system ETS II, the 2040 emissions target, renewable energy, and soil monitoring. They also debated the impact of climate regulations on competitiveness, and raised concerns about agricultural pollution and the role of genomic technologies.

    Security and defence

    On 27 January, Secretary of State at the Ministry of National Defence Paweł Zalewski said the Presidency’s first priority is to strengthen EU support for Ukraine by using all the tools at the EU’s disposal, including the European Peace Facility and the profits from frozen Russian assets or loans guaranteed from Moscow. He also highlighted the need to reinforce the EU’s defence industries by ensuring adequate financing as well as deepening EU-U.S. cooperation, including between the EU and NATO.

    MEPs quizzed Mr Zalewski on several issues, including the EU’s role in possible future peace talks between Ukraine and Russia, developing an EU defence pillar, reforming the EU Investment Bank to allow for more investment in the defence sector and establishing viable “European champions” (i.e. large corporations) in the defence sector.

    Women’s rights and gender equality

    On 28 January, Minister for Equality Katarzyna Kotula emphasised enhancing digital security for women and girls, particularly in the context of the rapid development of AI, as a Presidency priority. She pledged to follow up on the Digital Services Act to make sure that AI accelerates rather than undermines gender equality. The Presidency is also determined to advance the work on the Anti-discrimination Directive.

    MEPS welcomed her commitment on strengthening the digital protection of women and girls, particularly concerning deepfakes, revenge porn and hate speech. They also raised women’s sexual and reproductive health and rights, the protection of LGBTQI+ communities, the challenges faced by ageing women and the prospect for an EU-wide definition of rape including the notion of consent.

    Internal market and consumer protection

    On 28 January, Economic Development and Technology Minister Krzysztof Paszyk focused on the need to eliminate the remaining barriers in the single market, as well as highlighting issues around security, competitiveness, and reducing red tape. The Presidency will look for a compromise on the e-declaration of posted workers file, on late payments, and on the travel package proposals. They will also, he said, try to reach political agreements on toy safety, the Green Claims Directive and on the alternative dispute resolution file.

    On digital policy, Secretary of State, Ministry of Digitalisation Dariusz Standerski outlined plans for an informal meeting on cybersecurity to focus on defence, the application of the Artificial Intelligence Act, and new initiatives on AI factories and the “AI Apply Strategy”. On customs, Undersecretary of State, Ministry of Finance Małgorzata Krok stated the Presidency’s intention was to reach a common position in the Council on the reform of the Union Customs Code.

    MEPs asked about reducing reporting obligations, e-declarations of posted workers, the implementation of digital services act and the AI Act, including in the context of EU-US relations. Several members wanted to hear more about cutting red tape, unblocking progress on late payments, and the need for an AI liability act. Questions also focused on issues around unfair trading practices, single market on defence and climate disinformation.

    Fisheries

    On 28 January, Jacek Czerniak, Secretary of State at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development, which includes fisheries, identified improving EU fisheries competitiveness and defending EU interests in regional fisheries organisations and international agreements as Presidency priorities. Poland will also launch discussions on the review of the Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) and start negotiations to introduce measures against non-EU countries that allow unsustainable fishing practices.

    MEPs questioned Mr Czerniak on addressing the critical state of fish stocks in the Baltic Sea, in addition to issues of security and reducing the complexity of regulations. Others supported a reform of the CFP to better balance the interests of the fishery sector with the EU’s environmental goals. MEPs also argued that trade policies should be aligned with fisheries policies.

    Employment and social affairs

    On 28 January, Minister of Family, Labour and Social Policy Agnieszka Dziemianowicz-Bąk and Minister of Senior Policy Marzena Okła-Drewnowicz said the Presidency would focus on the future of employment in the digital transformation, a Europe of equality, cohesion and inclusion, and the challenges prompted by the EU’s aging population.

    MEPs quizzed the ministers on their plans for the regulation on the coordination of social security systems, emphasising the importance of finalising negotiations on the file. They also raised the impact of AI in the workplace, and the importance of addressing demographic issues in the EU. MEPs also raised the importance of social dialogue, upcoming negotiations on European Work Councils, and the expected Commission initiative on the “Right to Disconnect”.

    Transport and tourism

    On 29 January, Dariusz Klimczak, Minister of Infrastructure, said the Presidency will focus on resilience and competitiveness in the transport sector, the protection of transport operators, dual use infrastructure, and military mobility. He committed to reaching a deal with Parliament on new railway infrastructure, road and maritime safety rules as well advancing negotiations on air passenger rights rules that have been stalled in the Council since 2013. Piotr Borys, Secretary of State at the Ministry of Sport and Tourism added that the Presidency will focus on making Europe a safe and more popular destination for tourism despite Russia’s war in Ukraine and the challenges posed by climate change.

    MEPs asked the Presidency to secure adequate financing for transport policies within the next EU long-term budget, and want them to secure a Council position on the maximum weights and dimensions directive, and address labour shortages and working conditions in all transport modes. Completing Trans-European transport networks, developing high speed rail, and ensuring connectivity for Europe’s islands were also raised.

    Constitutional affairs

    On 29 January, Minister for European Affairs Adam Szłapka said the Presidency wants to promote institutional reforms, stressing at the same time that EU Treaties could prove difficult to revise. The Presidency wants to complete work on the new rules on European political parties and foundations and the electoral rights of mobile citizens. They will work on the transparency of interest representation and on the EU’s accession to the European Convention on Human Rights.

    Most MEPs asked questions about the need to reform the EU’s institutional architecture, especially in light of imminent enlargement, with many of them highlighting the need to overcome what they saw as the obstacle of unanimity in key policy areas either through Treaty revision or using existing rules. Some called for progress on Parliament’s right of initiative, its right of inquiry, and rules on European elections.

    Agriculture and Rural Development

    On 29 January, Czesław Siekierski, Minister of Agriculture and Rural Development said that the Council will discuss the future shape of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) beyond 2027. The Presidency wants to simplify the green architecture of the CAP and assess the impact of current EU trade agreements on agriculture.

    Questions from MEPs focused on ensuring fair income for farmers and adapting the CAP to the future enlargement of the EU. A number of MEPs also asked about the position of the Presidency on the EU-Mercosur Partnership Agreement and stressed the need to invest in European food sovereignty.

    International trade

    On 29 January, Krzysztof Paszyk, Minister of Economic Development and Technology, said the Presidency will continue working on ambitious, sustainable and mutually profitable trade agreements. He hopes to finalise the legislation on the screening of foreign direct investment and resume talks on the Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) scheme, the EU’s preferential trade arrangement with developing countries. On Ukraine, Mr Paszyk said support for Ukraine remains steadfast, while the Presidency prefers not to extend the current temporary trade liberalisation measures with the country, but rather reach a new agreement.

    MEPs asked about possible timelines for the adoption of trade deals with Mercosur and Mexico, possible shift in US trade policy as well as on trade with Ukraine and safeguards for the agricultural market. Some MEPs argued that GSP should not be a migration tool, others demanded a clear link between migration and the scheme.

    Industry, Research and Energy

    On 29 January, Minister of Economics, Development and Technology, Krzysztof Paszyk said the Presidency’s priorities include boosting Europe’s industrial competitiveness with a new instrument and advancing the Clean Industry Act to support businesses, address high energy prices, and cut red tape and tax burdens for SMEs. They also plan to maximize the use of spaceimaging and AI algorithms for crisis management, and improve cooperation during natural disasters.

    During the debate, MEPs stressed the need to support innovative businesses through a unified capital market, and to combine environmental policies with industrial policies to achieve the ecological transition. Others focused on the importance of transatlantic relations and the need to secure European tech sovereignty.

    Dariusz Stenderski, Secretary of State in the Ministry of Digital Affairs, said that his key focus areas would be cyber security, with a revised blueprint for coordinated EU response to cyber attacks and an informal Council on its civilian and military aspects.He also referred to the boosting of AI development through shared investment and simplified rules to support startups.

    On 30 January Marcin Kulasek, Minister of Science and Higher Education, outlined three main focus areas: openness and inclusivity, synergies between EU and national programs, and AI and science.He stressed the need to develop EU cooperation networks without losing top talents, and the value of synergies between EU and national research programs.

    MEPs called for the full implementation of the 5G toolbox and for the simplification of administrative procedures to foster innovation. Others highlighted the need to improve EU cooperation in research and innovation, retain top talent, and ensure an inclusive access to funds. The discussions also covered the need for ethical standards in AI, a strong support for scientists, as well as academic freedom and the free flow of scientific knowledge.

    Culture, Education, Youth and Sport

    On 30 January, Education Minister Barbara Nowacka said the Presidency wants to include young people – as part of a new cycle of the EU Youth Dialogue – in EU-level debates and projects to strengthen EU values of democracy, freedom and rule of law, thereby making them more resilient against the risk of disinformation and manipulation. Providing better support to teachers is also a priority, she said, and EU education ministers will gather in May to discuss what they can do to improve this.

    The Presidency wants to advance work on the “European degree” – a degree awarded jointly by several universities in different EU countries – by adopting a roadmap to implement it. A European quality assurance system to guarantee trust among universities and improve the recognition of higher education diplomas will also be discussed, Minister of Science and High Education Marcin Kulasek said.

    Culture Minister Hanna Wróblewska said the Presidency will present proposals to support young artists and creators, and will launch discussions on the future of the Creative Europe programme beyond 2027. Audiovisual and intellectual property rights, security and AI, and a possible revision of the Audiovisual Media Services Directive are also among the Presidency’s priorities, she said.

    Piotr Borys, Secretary of State of Sport, will focus on pushing EU countries to better promote sport in schools, address mental health, and adopt a common methodology to gather statistics on sport.

    MEPs questioned the ministers on countering Russian disinformation under the European Media Freedom Act, as well as on delays in the creation of the European degree, pleading for EU-wide recognition of diplomas, including Erasmus+ and vocational education training. MEPs also raised concerns about possible reductions in Erasmus+ funding, which ensures the financial sustainability of the European Education Area, which in turn is essential for the “Union of Skills”.

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Federal Councillor Ignazio Cassis to visit Paraguay, Bolivia and Brazil

    Source: Switzerland – Federal Administration in English

    Federal Councillor Ignazio Cassis will visit Paraguay, Bolivia and Brazil from 3 to 7 February 2025. As part of its Americas Strategy 2022–25, Switzerland aims to strengthen its political relations with the countries of the Americas in the areas of foreign policy, the economy, innovation and culture. The agenda for the trip includes the finalisation of the EFTA-Mercosur free trade agreement, Switzerland’s economic interests, and bilateral relations between Switzerland and these three Latin American countries.

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Written question – Citizens at risk of poverty or social exclusion – E-000087/2025

    Source: European Parliament

    Question for written answer  E-000087/2025/rev.1
    to the Commission
    Rule 144
    Nikolaos Anadiotis (NI)

    According to recent data from Eurostat[1], in 2023, 26 % of the Greek population was at risk of poverty or social exclusion, with similar trends observed in other Member States. Those figures raise serious question marks over the effectiveness, in the past decade, of European social inclusion and economic support policies. The EU’s policies and strategy[2] are falling far short of their targets of reducing the number of those at risk of poverty or social exclusion.

    In view of this:

    • 1.Is the Commission satisfied with the policies and strategy implemented to tackle poverty and social exclusion?
    • 2.Given that the previous strategies (see Europe 2020’[3]) did not achieve their targets either, what measures does it intend to take to strengthen the connection between citizens and the EU and to promote social justice?

    Submitted: 10.1.2025

    • [1] https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/web/products-eurostat-news/w/ddn-20240612-1
    • [2] https://www.europarl.europa.eu/ftu/pdf/en/FTU_2.3.9.pdf
    • [3] https://eur-lex.europa.eu/EN/legal-content/summary/europe-2020-the-european-union-strategy-for-growth-and-employment.html
    Last updated: 31 January 2025

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Answer to a written question – Safeguarding the automotive industry in Europe – E-002243/2024(ASW)

    Source: European Parliament

    The Commission wants to ensure that the EU remains a global leader in the automotive industry, preserving jobs and manufacturing capacity in Europe.

    The Commission will develop an industrial action plan for the automotive industry, covering the entire value chain, from securing critical supply chains to ensuring affordability, from infrastructure for refuelling and recharging, to fully exploiting automation and data, while supporting the industry on its path towards decarbonisation.

    Public support has been substantial in creating a nascent battery industry in Europe. In particular, the Commission approved two Important Projects of Common European Interest (IPCEIs) for batteries[1], providing EUR 6 billion in funding; EUR 180 million have been allocated to the battery sector through the Innovation Fund[2], with an additional EUR 3 billion announced for the next three years; and the co-programmed battery European partnership under Horizon Europe[3], Batt4EU[4], is investing up to EUR 925 million in battery research and innovation activities.

    The Commission remains committed to continuing this support to further strengthen the sector and ensure its future ability to compete with global players.

    Regarding autonomous vehicles, the EU industry is at a good stage of technology development and the EU established a regulatory framework for the sale of autonomous vehicles[5], but such vehicles cannot easily access roads across Europe.

    The Commission will continue to support funding for research and development, update the EU regulatory framework for autonomous vehicles and support Member States towards the update of their national road transport frameworks, to ensure the legality of automated driving and the possibility to deploy them at scale.

    • [1] IPCEI on Batteries and IPCEI European Battery Innovation (EuBatIn): https://www.ipcei-batteries.eu/
    • [2] https://climate.ec.europa.eu/eu-action/eu-funding-climate-action/innovation-fund_en
    • [3] https://research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/funding/funding-opportunities/funding-programmes-and-open-calls/horizon-europe_en; https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/HTML/?uri=CELEX:32021R0695
    • [4] https://bepassociation.eu/
    • [5] https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg_impl/2022/1426/oj

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Jakob Forssmed appointed Vice-Chair of the Global Leaders Group on Antimicrobial Resistance

    Source: Government of Sweden

    Jakob Forssmed appointed Vice-Chair of the Global Leaders Group on Antimicrobial Resistance – Government.se

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    Press release from Ministry of Health and Social Affairs

    Published

    Minister for Social Affairs and Public Health Jakob Forssmed has been appointed Vice-Chair of the Global Leaders Group (GLG) on Antimicrobial Resistance, a UN body made up of politicians and experts.

    Jakob Forssmed has been a GLG member since February 2023. Foto: Fotograf Kristian Pohl AB/Government offices of Sweden

    “I am delighted to have the opportunity to continue working with the GLG, now in the role of Vice-Chair. Global leadership on this issue is needed more than ever – it is now time to begin the work to achieve the goals that world leaders agreed on at last autumn’s high-level meeting on antimicrobial resistance, but also to push ahead with other issues where agreement was not possible,” says Minister of Social Affairs Jakob Forssmed. 

    The GLG includes world leaders and experts from across sectors working together to accelerate political action on antimicrobial resistance. The GLG was established in 2020 under the United Nations and meets quarterly. The Group is also supported by four UN organisations: the Food and Agriculture Organisation of the United Nations, the United Nations Environment Programme, the World Health Organization and the World Organisation for Animal Health.

    Jakob Forssmed has been a GLG member since February 2023.

    Antimicrobial resistance

    In brief, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) means that infectious agents (bacteria, viruses, parasites and fungi) develop resistance to treatment. In particular, bacteria that are resistant to antibiotics are a growing threat to health and food production worldwide. Just like other bacteria, resistant bacteria can be transmitted between people, animals and food, and can spread in our environment. This means that a number of areas, including human and animal health, the environment, research, education, trade and international development cooperation need to be involved to combat AMR using a cross-sectoral, One Health approach. Resistance to antimicrobials in general, including antibiotics, is a global problem.

    Minister for Social Affairs and Public Health Jakob Forssmed is the government minister with responsibility for AMR issues.

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Written question – Nuclear energy in the European Union – E-000320/2025

    Source: European Parliament

    Question for written answer  E-000320/2025
    to the Commission
    Rule 144
    Dolors Montserrat (PPE), Antonio López-Istúriz White (PPE), Raúl de la Hoz Quintano (PPE), Rosa Estaràs Ferragut (PPE), Juan Ignacio Zoido Álvarez (PPE), Carmen Crespo Díaz (PPE), Maravillas Abadía Jover (PPE), Borja Giménez Larraz (PPE), Adrián Vázquez Lázara (PPE), Susana Solís Pérez (PPE), Pilar del Castillo Vera (PPE), Nicolás Pascual de la Parte (PPE), Esteban González Pons (PPE), Gabriel Mato (PPE), Francisco José Millán Mon (PPE), Isabel Benjumea Benjumea (PPE), Elena Nevado del Campo (PPE), Pablo Arias Echeverría (PPE), Alma Ezcurra Almansa (PPE), Fernando Navarrete Rojas (PPE), Esther Herranz García (PPE), Javier Zarzalejos (PPE)

    There are currently five nuclear power plants in Spain that generate around 20 % of the country’s electricity. Despite the significant contribution of these power plants to the national energy mix, the Spanish Government has adopted measures to gradually decommission all nuclear power plants by 2035. This goal was established in Spain’s national and energy climate plan (NECP) with the aim of halving nuclear generation capacity by 2030.

    In contrast, the European Union has made significant steps in supporting nuclear energy. In February 2022, the Commission included nuclear energy in the green taxonomy and, in February 2024, it described nuclear energy as ‘strategic’. In addition, a recent assessment of the NECPs showed that nine countries will extend the operating life of power plants, eleven will develop new nuclear projects and ten are opting for small modular reactors.

    In light of the above:

    • 1.Does the Commission view nuclear energy as contributing positively to the objectives of decarbonisation and ensuring energy security?
    • 2.Has the Commission recommended that any specific Member State decommission its nuclear power plants?
    • 3.How many Member States have notified the Commission of their intention to decommission their nuclear power plants from 2025?

    Submitted: 24.1.2025

    MIL OSI Europe News –