NewzIntel.com

Category: Europe

  • MIL-OSI Russia: Two KRT projects have been approved in the Teply Stan and Sokolinaya Gora districts

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: Moscow Government – Government of Moscow –

    A decision was made on the comprehensive development of two territories: an undeveloped territory with an area of 4.74 hectares in the Teply Stan district in the southwest of the capital and five non-residential development sites with an area of 2.69 hectares in the Sokolinaya Gora district in the east of the capital.

    Resolutions on these issues were signed by Sergei Sobyanin.

    The reorganized territory in the Teply Stan district is located in the area of the 41st kilometer of the Moscow Ring Road, near General Tyulenev Street. The urban development potential of the site is 151.1 thousand square meters of real estate. A modern residential quarter will be built here, including housing for the purposes of the renovation program, and public and business facilities. In addition, landscaping of the territory and organization of the street and road network are planned.

    The implementation of the integrated development project for the territory will create approximately 900 jobs.

    The second area to be reorganized concerns 8th Sokolina Gora Street, Shcherbakovskaya Street and Mazhorov Lane. Currently, there are obsolete buildings there.

    The urban development potential of the sites in the east of Moscow is 59.5 thousand square meters of real estate, which will allow the construction of a modern residential quarter (41.6 thousand square meters) for the implementation of the renovation program and public and business facilities, including multifunctional public and medical centers.

    The implementation of the integrated development project for the territory will create approximately 290 jobs.

    As of July 1, 2025, the Moscow Government has approved and is in the implementation stage of 117 projects for the integrated development of territories with a total area of about 1.4 thousand hectares, within the framework of which it is planned to build over 28.5 million square meters of real estate. As a result, about 340 thousand jobs will be created.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    Please Note; This Information is Raw Content Directly from the Information Source. It is access to What the Source Is Stating and Does Not Reflect

    https: //vv.mos.ru/mayor/tkhemes/13016050/

    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: The Status of the Chagos Archipelago –  Part II: United Kingdom’s Agreement with Mauritius

    Source: US Global Legal Monitor

    The following is a guest post by Clare Feikert-Ahalt, a senior foreign law specialist at the Law Library of Congress covering the United Kingdom and several other jurisdictions. Clare has written numerous posts for In Custodia Legis, including Revealing the Presence of Ghosts; Weird Laws, or Urban Legends?; FALQs: Brexit Referendum; 100 Years of “Poppy Day” in the United Kingdom; and Mr. Bates vs. The Post Office Spurs Possible Law Change.

    Yesterday’s post described the historic status of the Chagos Archipelago and the United Kingdom’s (UK) power over the territory. Today’s post describes the new agreement, which returns sovereignty over the Chagos Archipelago and allows for the continued use of the UK-US military base.

    On May 22, 2025, the United Kingdom and Mauritius signed an agreement that “recognis[es] the wrongs of the past” with regards to the Chagos Archipelago. The agreement transfers sovereignty of the British Indian Ocean Territory (BIOT) from the UK to Mauritius, while providing the UK with “rights and authorities [over Diego Garcia] that the United Kingdom requires for the long-term, secure and effective operation of the Base.”

    The agreement, which took over two years and 13 rounds of negotiations to achieve, secures British interests in Diego Garcia, including an area of 12 nautical miles surrounding the island, for 99 years. The agreement provides the UK with the right to access, maintain, and invest in the base, along with the ability to use it for defense purposes. It places a binding obligation on both parties to ensure the secure and effective operation of the base. The UK’s secretary of state for defence notes the agreement achieves the “secured unrestricted access to, and use of, the base, as well as control over movement of all persons and all goods on the base and control of all communication and electronic systems.”

    Any activities on the wider islands of the Chagos Archipelago, such as the construction of any structure, artificial island, sensor, or barrier within 24 nautical miles, must be approved through a joint decision process between the UK and Mauritius, which serves as an “effective veto” of development in the islands surrounding Diego Garcia as the UK does not want other countries, particularly those hostile to the UK, to have a presence near this facility.

    The 99 years can be extended for a further 40 years if both parties agree, and it may be extended again thereafter. The estimated cost to UK for 99 years “is £101 million [annually] and the net present value of payments under the treaty is £3.4 billion” (approximately US$136 million and US$4.6 billion respectively) accounting for approximately 0.2% of the defense budget. The government has stated this is less than the cost of running an aircraft carrier, without aircraft, for a year.

    The agreement provides for the resettlement of the residents of Diego Garcia, known as the Chagossians, on the islands of the Chagos Archipelago, with the exception of Diego Garcia. It also provides for the establishment of a trust fund of £40 million (approximately US$54 million) to benefit Chagossians and an annual grant of £45 million (approximately US$61 million) for 25 years to fund projects that promote economic development and welfare in Mauritius. Article 11 of the agreement states that it “constitutes the full and final settlement of all claims by Mauritius in relation to the Chagos Archipelago.”

    The treaty was laid before both Houses of Parliament on May 22, 2025, and either of the Houses of Parliament may object to its ratification until July 3, 3035.

    The Defense Facility on Diego Garcia

    The secretary of state for defence for the UK stated “[t]he importance of Diego Garcia cannot be overstated” and a government press release announcing the agreement notes that the base is central to both the UK and US’s emergency planning and operations, with the base serving as:

    “a critical logistics hub at a strategic location, with a full range of facilities that acts as a key refueling and resupply station for naval and air operations. This enables power projection and global reach, allowing for rapid and flexible deployment of our forces across the Middle East, East Africa, and South Asia.”

    While most of the work on, and capabilities of, Diego Garcia are not disclosed, the secretary of state for defence and the UK prime minister have publicly acknowledged that the base supports operations, including those related to counter-terrorism, in the Middle East, East Africa, and South Asia. Public statements detail that the base houses:

    • an airfield enabling strike operations and the rapid deployment of the military in this area, “… creat[ing] real military advantage across the Indo-Pacific;”
    • a deep-water port that, among other uses, “supports missions from nuclear-powered submarines to [the UK’s] carrier strike group;”
    • advanced communications, which includes management of the electromagnetic spectrum satellite;
    • surveillance capabilities;
    • facilities that support the global operation of GPS, notably one monitoring station and one of four ground antennas;
    • Ground-Base Electro-Optical Deep Space Surveillance (GEODSS) System, which “provides situational awareness of objects in Earth’s orbit, helping to track space debris that pose a risk to space systems”; and
    • “three pieces of critical Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty monitoring equipment”, including seismic monitoring equipment that checks for indicators of nuclear testing, helping to secure compliance with the nuclear test ban treaty.

    The presence of the base in the center of the Indian Ocean also helps to safeguard an important trade route, through which “a third of the world’s bulk cargo and two-thirds of global oil shipments are transported.”

    The US Navy describes the facility on Diego Garcia as “the tip of the spear” and states that it “provides logistic support to operational forces forward deployed to the Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf areas of responsibility in support of national policy objectives.”

    The prime minister stated that the agreement is vital to the UK’s defence and intelligence, and for securing the safety and security of the British people at this time. He stated “… the base was under threat” from legal challenges by Mauritius, and the government believes there is no viable alternative to protect the base and secure the islands surrounding it.

    The prime minister further noted that if the UK disregarded any future legal judgements, “international organisations and other countries would act on them. And that would undermine the operation of the base.” The UK was particularly concerned at the prospect of other countries establishing a presence in the islands surrounding Diego Garcia, or conducting training exercises nearby, which could impact the operation of the base, and that it would be unable to prevent this without an agreement.

    The prime minister has described the base as “one of the most significant contributions we make to our security relationship with the United States.” The UK foreign secretary stated the US was unhappy with the uncertainty created by the situation and “strongly encouraged [the UK] to strike a deal.” It was against this background that negotiations were commenced and the treaty was made.

    Reaction to the Agreement

    The opposition conservative party has been critical of the agreement, stating that the government “prioritised heeding the most pessimistic legal advice” concerning the potential of legal judgments. The opposition further stated that the agreement puts the defense facility at risk due to Mauritius’ ties to Russia and China. The UK shadow secretary of state said in parliament that “[t]he Government should not be surrendering strategically vital sovereign territory, especially when we face such threats, and they certainly should not be paying billions for the privilege”, noting further that the agreement does not offer any protection to the Chagossians.

    Internationally, the agreement has been backed by the UK’s “Five Eyes” partners, which include the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. Japan, India, and the African Union have also welcomed the agreement. US President Donald Trump expressed his support for the agreement and US Secretary of State Marco Rubio, stated that while the administration is not a party to the agreement, it “remain[s] responsible for operating the U.S. Naval Support Facility on Diego Garcia, which continues to play a vital role in supporting forward-deployed operational forces and advancing security across the region.”

    The US secretary of state stated:

    “The Trump Administration determined that this agreement secures the long-term, stable, and effective operation of the joint U.S.-UK military facility at Diego Garcia. This is a critical asset for regional and global security.”

    While the agreement has been welcomed by the UK and several of its allies, the United Nations has condemned the agreement, issuing a press release stating:

    “By maintaining a foreign military presence of the United Kingdom and the United States on Diego Garcia and preventing the Chagossian people from returning to Diego Garcia, the agreement appears to be at variance with the Chagossians’ right to return, which also hinders their ability to exercise their cultural rights in accessing their ancestral lands from which they were expelled.”

    The UN has urged the UK to “apply a human rights-based approach in addressing historical injustices against the Chagossian people.”

    Additional Law Library of Congress Resources on the Laws of Mauritius and the UK

    Subscribe to In Custodia Legis – it’s free! – to receive interesting posts drawn from the Law Library of Congress’s vast collections and our staff’s expertise in U.S., foreign, and international law.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: ASIA/THAILAND – National Director of the Pontifical Mission Societies on the suspension of the Prime Minister: “We proceed according to the rule of law”

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    Tuesday, 1 July 2025

    Caritas Thailand

    Bangkok (Agenzia Fides) – “The street protests lasted one day, and now calm has returned to Bangkok. I believe that the process of replacing the Prime Minister will continue in accordance with the rule of law and the rules of democracy. The hope of the Thai people is to quickly resolve the border issues with Cambodia and return the situation to the sphere of good relations between the two nations,” said Fr. Peter Piyachart Makornkhanp, parish priest in Bangkok and National Director of the Pontifical Mission Societies (POM) in Thailand, in an interview with Fides.The country has been shaken by the recent ruling of the Constitutional Court suspending Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra, who was accused of “ethical violations” in managing relations with Cambodia. The suspension, it was announced, is in effect “until the decision of the Constitutional Court,” which could take several weeks or months. The court responded to a petition from 36 senators after a telephone conversation between the head of government and former Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen was made public, in which Shinawatra referred to the Thai army chief as an “enemy.” At a political level, the 38-year-old prime minister – daughter of former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra – was already weakened after the main party in the governing coalition, Bhumjaithai (“Thai Pride”), withdrew its support two weeks ago. A government reshuffle followed. Recently, the territorial dispute with Cambodia resurfaced, leading to cross-border clashes in which a Cambodian soldier was killed (see Fides, 24/6/2025). The Prime Minister is now accused of weakening the army and violating constitutional provisions requiring “integrity” and “ethical standards.” Fr. Piyachart Makornkhanp told Fides: “In relations between Thailand and Cambodia, very old mutual prejudices sometimes surface. But in the lives and minds of ordinary people, there are no problems today; good relations are maintained, generating strong economic and social ties, especially in the border areas. Some of the hostilities are about the relationship between some political leaders, not about the people.” The National Director further reports that “at the ecclesial level, there are excellent relations and fruitful pastoral cooperation between the Churches of Cambodia and Thailand: we currently have several Thai priests and religious living and working in Cambodia. We hope that tensions will subside and the situation will normalize with the reopening of the borders.” The Bangkok priest also points out that “many Thai people and organizations, including Caritas, are doing their best to care for the Cambodians stranded in Thailand as displaced persons and unable to return to Cambodia due to the border closure. This is a very beautiful sign of solidarity that expresses the essence of the relationship between the two peoples,” he concludes. (PA) (Agenzia Fides, 1/7/2025)
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  • MIL-OSI Europe: ASIA/THAILAND – National Director of the Pontifical Mission Societies on the suspension of the Prime Minister: “We proceed according to the rule of law”

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    Tuesday, 1 July 2025

    Caritas Thailand

    Bangkok (Agenzia Fides) – “The street protests lasted one day, and now calm has returned to Bangkok. I believe that the process of replacing the Prime Minister will continue in accordance with the rule of law and the rules of democracy. The hope of the Thai people is to quickly resolve the border issues with Cambodia and return the situation to the sphere of good relations between the two nations,” said Fr. Peter Piyachart Makornkhanp, parish priest in Bangkok and National Director of the Pontifical Mission Societies (POM) in Thailand, in an interview with Fides.The country has been shaken by the recent ruling of the Constitutional Court suspending Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra, who was accused of “ethical violations” in managing relations with Cambodia. The suspension, it was announced, is in effect “until the decision of the Constitutional Court,” which could take several weeks or months. The court responded to a petition from 36 senators after a telephone conversation between the head of government and former Cambodian Prime Minister Hun Sen was made public, in which Shinawatra referred to the Thai army chief as an “enemy.” At a political level, the 38-year-old prime minister – daughter of former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra – was already weakened after the main party in the governing coalition, Bhumjaithai (“Thai Pride”), withdrew its support two weeks ago. A government reshuffle followed. Recently, the territorial dispute with Cambodia resurfaced, leading to cross-border clashes in which a Cambodian soldier was killed (see Fides, 24/6/2025). The Prime Minister is now accused of weakening the army and violating constitutional provisions requiring “integrity” and “ethical standards.” Fr. Piyachart Makornkhanp told Fides: “In relations between Thailand and Cambodia, very old mutual prejudices sometimes surface. But in the lives and minds of ordinary people, there are no problems today; good relations are maintained, generating strong economic and social ties, especially in the border areas. Some of the hostilities are about the relationship between some political leaders, not about the people.” The National Director further reports that “at the ecclesial level, there are excellent relations and fruitful pastoral cooperation between the Churches of Cambodia and Thailand: we currently have several Thai priests and religious living and working in Cambodia. We hope that tensions will subside and the situation will normalize with the reopening of the borders.” The Bangkok priest also points out that “many Thai people and organizations, including Caritas, are doing their best to care for the Cambodians stranded in Thailand as displaced persons and unable to return to Cambodia due to the border closure. This is a very beautiful sign of solidarity that expresses the essence of the relationship between the two peoples,” he concludes. (PA) (Agenzia Fides, 1/7/2025)
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  • MIL-OSI Europe: VATICAN – 14 priests ordained by Pope Leo from the Pontifical Urban College “de Propaganda Fide”

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    Tuesday, 1 July 2025

    Vatican City (Agenzia Fides) – On the Solemnity of the Sacred Heart of Jesus and on the occasion of the XXIX World Day of Prayer for the Sanctification of Priests, instituted by John Paul II in 1995, Pope Leo XIV ordained 32 new priests in the Vatican Basilica, 14 of whom come from the Pontifical Urban College “de Propaganda Fide.” Among them Andige Channindu (Colombo, Sri Lanka), Gbatar Emmanuel (Makurdi, Nigeria), Ham Francesco (Seoul, South Korea), Joseph Abishek (Sultanpet, India), Lakew Deribe (Harar, Ethiopia), Lee Angelo (Seoul, South Korea), Llamango Ndouloukoli Eusèbe Marius (Bossangoa, Central African Republic), Maria James Ajith (Kottar, India), Menounga Ngonoi Claude (Batouri, Cameroon), Mombai De-Kpilima Christ Friedrich (Bangui, Central African Republic), Ngalo Felicien (Mbaiki, Central African Republic), Ngo Giovanni Battista (Vinh, Vietnam), Santos Daniel (Mbanza Kongo, Angola) and Tika Gilbert (Damongo, Ghana).”The priests recently ordained by Pope Leo XIV come from ten different countries in Africa and Asia,” Armando Nugnes, rector of the Pontifical Urban College “de Propaganda Fide,” explained to Fides. “They have experienced this opportunity with profound gratitude toward God and the Church, feeling the responsibility to bear witness to the richness of Catholicism in their countries through the generosity of the service that will be asked of them.”This year, the Pontifical Urban College welcomed 168 students, including seminarians and deacons, along with nearly 300 priests from the Colleges of Saints Peter and Paul, as well as about 100 nuns from the Mater Ecclesiae College in Castel Gandolfo. “This gift has been great,” emphasizes Rector Nugnes, “not only for the candidates who received the grace of the ministerial priesthood from the Holy Father in the context of the Jubilee Year, but also for the entire community that was able to accompany these brothers, exceptionally, until the day of their ordination, with prayer and sharing in the joy. Normally, the Urban College’s formative plan provides that deacons, after completing their licentiate studies, return to their dioceses of origin to receive priestly ordination and begin their missionary ministry.” (EG) (Agenzia Fides, 1/7/2025)
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  • MIL-OSI Europe: AFRICA/SUDAN – Insecurity and lack of services worsen the situation in the capital: teachers disagree in the reopening of schools

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    Tuesday, 1 July 2025

    Internet

    Khartoum (Agenzia Fides) – Most areas of Khartoum are without electricity and water, exacerbating the country’s already precarious security situation and the lack of other services such as internet and telecommunications.Recently, the humanitarian organization LIZENFO raised the alarm which reported that a large number of people in the Sudanese capital have been forced to return to displacement areas, with the exception of areas of Omdurman. According to the director of the organization, several civilians from Khartoum have returned to the United States after facing great difficulties during the conflict in the capital.Against a backdrop of general insecurity, the Sudanese Teachers’ Committee has voiced its disagreement with a decision by the Khartoum state government’s decision to reopen schools, saying that the move ignores the deteriorating security, health, and economic reality, and post a direct threat to the lives of education workers and their families. Furthermore, telecommunications networks are fluctuating, and the internet is not available most of the time. The teachers pointed out that they are forced to charge their phones, at great expense, at shops that rely on solar energy, and warned of a terrible deterioration in the humanitarian situation, and the high cost of food.Furthermore, civilians in the south and west of Khartoum are being detained and taken to unknown locations without giving reasons. Most neighborhood markets remain closed, and the public are forced to go to the central market, in addition to traveling long distances to get drinking water. (AP) (Agenzia Fides, 1/7/2025)
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  • MIL-OSI Europe: ASIA/SOUTH KOREA – On the 100th anniversary of the beatification of the Korean martyrs, a report on the persecutions of Gihae and Byeong-o

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    Tuesday, 1 July 2025

    Seoul (Agenzia Fides) – A report to learn about the data of the persecutions that struck Catholics on the Korean peninsula in the 19th century. The centenary of the Eucharistic liturgy celebrated on July 5, 1925, in St. Peter’s Basilica in the Vatican, during which the first Korean martyrs were proclaimed blesseds, will also be commemorated, through the publication of documents and official records useful for reconstructing this period of witness and martyrdom.These were 79 Catholics who were killed “in odium fidei” for their faith during the persecutions of Gihae (1839) and Byeong-o (1846). In the 19th century (religious freedom was not granted to Catholics in Korea until 1895), the Korean Church estimates that approximately 16,000 Catholics were killed.To commemorate this event, the Committee for Honoring the Martyrs of the Archdiocese of Seoul has organized a series of events, beginning with a Eucharistic celebration on July 5. At 3 p.m., Archbishop Jeong Sun-taek will preside over Mass at the Shrine of the Martyrs of Seosomun, the church built on the site where executions were carried out during the Joseon Dynasty. A total of 41 of the 79 martyrs beatified in the Vatican on July 5, 1925, died at this site, which is considered “the greatest place of martyrdom in the Korean Church.”At the end of the mass, the “Data on the persecution of Gihae and Byeong-o” will be presented. This report contains official data and documents on the persecution of Gihae and Byeong-o. These are official documents from the “Annals of the Joseon Dynasty,” the “Diary of the Royal Secretariat,” and the “Declaration of the Office of Military Affairs.”The entire report was compiled based on communications and reports exchanged between the Ministry of Justice and the Police Office, which differentiates it from existing historical materials, as it focuses almost exclusively on the testimonies of those who lived through that time. Furthermore, in addition to the original texts, the study also includes translations into contemporary Korean, making the collection easy to consult for researchers.To conclude the initiatives, an exhibition entitled “Anima Mundi” will open on the evening of July 5. “Anima Mundi” is also the name of the section of the Vatican Museums that collects the legacy of the World Missionary Expo that Pope Pius XI wanted to create in the Vatican Gardens on the occasion of the Jubilee of 1925 (see Fides 28/3/2025). The Korean Church also participated in this event and presented itself to the world for the first time. The exhibition, modeled on the pavilion erected in the Vatican Gardens one hundred years ago, traces the situation of the Korean Church at that time. (F.B.) (Agenzia Fides, 1/7/2025)
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    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI: Applied Systems Announces New Alliance Partnership

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Chicago, IL., July 01, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Applied Systems® today announced FirstChoice, a MarshBerry Company, as its newest Alliance Partner, delivering educational resources and innovative technology to its members. Through the Applied Partner Program, FirstChoice helps its member agencies seamlessly connect to the digital roundtrip of insurance by providing access to Applied’s Digital Agency and EZLynx’s agency management technology, enabling them to create operational efficiency at every stage of the lifecycle and grow their business.

    “As volatile premium rates and an increased emphasis on digital marketplaces and personalized customer service continue to change the industry, we are committed to ensuring our member agencies are equipped to succeed,” said Keith Captain, president, FirstChoice. “Partnering with Applied gives FirstChoice members the resources, tools, and strategic support they need to embrace technology solutions so they can enable sustained and profitable revenue growth.” 

    Applied’s Digital Agency solution consists of a foundational management system, payment hub, online customer self-service and mobile technology, commercial lines application digitization and automation, and insurer connectivity, all hosted in the cloud. The fully integrated solution enables agencies to create higher-value business transactions and deliver superior customer experiences throughout the entire insurance lifecycle. By leveraging integrated applications that enable agencies to manage their entire business and eliminate duplicative work typically caused by multiple, disparate systems, digital agencies operate more efficiently, improve customer service, and accelerate growth and profitability across all lines of business.

    EZLynx’s integrated agency management technologies provide comparative rating, agency management and automation, commercial submissions, retention tools, consumer quoting, email marketing, text messaging, online client self-servicing, and so much more. The system maximizes agencies’ potential by increasing their ability to retain current customers while acquiring new business. By providing a central location, EZLynx enables agents to generate and store quotes, policies and documents, as well as easily remarket with up-to-date information that is synced from agents’ daily policy downloads. Through advanced automation and the ability to seamlessly connect to insurers and insureds, agents using EZLynx improve productivity, simplify management, optimize serviceability and increase profitability. 

    The Applied Alliance Partner Program creates additional value in the independent insurance distribution channel by providing greater resources to networks and their agencies for sustainable business growth. Through collaboration, the program identifies and engages insurance network membership organizations on technology and market initiatives that benefit their business and member agencies. Learn more about the Applied Alliance Partner Program.

    “Technology continues to create new business and service models that help independent agents keep up with consumer demands and become better business partners to their insured clients,” said Chris Cline, vice president, sales, alliance partnerships, Applied Systems. “We are proud to welcome FirstChoice to the Applied Partner Program, delivering their members access to technology best practices, industry expertise and Applied product solutions that strengthen customer relationships and drive growth for their businesses.”

    # # #

    The Applied products and logos are trademarks of Applied Systems, Inc., registered in the U.S.

    About Applied Systems
    Applied Systems is the leading global provider of cloud-based software that powers the business of insurance. Recognized as a pioneer in insurance automation and the innovation leader, Applied is the world’s largest provider of agency and brokerage management systems, serving customers throughout the United States, Canada, the Republic of Ireland, and the United Kingdom. By automating the insurance lifecycle, Applied’s people and products enable millions of people around the world to safeguard and protect what matters most.

    MarshBerry – Helping Clients Learn, Improve & Realize Value
    MarshBerry is a global leader in financial services and consulting dedicated to helping insurance brokerages, and firms in the wealth management industry, achieve sustained growth and value for every stage of ownership. With a legacy spanning over 40 years, MarshBerry offers an extensive suite of services, including Investment Banking (Merger & Acquisition Advisory; Capital Raising), Financial Consulting (Strategic Planning; Valuations; Perpetuation Planning), Organic Growth Consulting (Leadership, Sales & Talent Solutions), Executive Peer Exchange, Agency Network and Market Intelligence and Performance Benchmarking. For more information, visit www.MarshBerry.com.

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI Video: UK The work of the Secretary of State for Defence – Defence Committee

    Source: United Kingdom UK Parliament (video statements)

    The Defence Committee will hold an evidence session on the work of the Secretary of State for Defence at 2pm, on Wednesday 2 July.  

    The session will cover a wide range of topics. Members are likely to discuss the latest developments in the conflict in the Middle East. The security breach at RAF Brize Norton and the importance of homeland defence are likely to be covered in the session.

    Other topics include the Strategic Defence Review, defence spending commitments, and the current situation in Ukraine.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fo7iH77cBIk

    MIL OSI Video –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Peter Kyle’s speech at CityWeek 2025

    Source: United Kingdom – Government Statements

    Speech

    Peter Kyle’s speech at CityWeek 2025

    Secretary of State for Science, Innovation, and Technology, Peter Kyle, delivered a speech at the CityWeek 2025 on Tuesday 1 July 2025.

    Last week, I represented the British government on a trip to Singapore.

    I was there to celebrate 60 years of partnership between our 2 countries.

    And drum up investment into British technology.

    It was my first time in Singapore.

    And it struck me that it’s a place that has mastered the art of reinvention.

    From traditional fishing village to global financial centre.

    Small trading post to one of the most competitive economies in the world.

    An economy that, like ours, knows that the key to staying competitive is being squarely focussed on the future.

    It’s a similar idea that brings us together today.

    Because this is a sector that’s also defined by an ability to reinvent itself.

    Where centuries-old banks have had to rip up the playbook.

    To compete with nimble, digital-first firms.

    And where new technologies have made the way you work unrecognisable from how it once was.

    One of my first proper jobs was in a finance team.

    It was 1989, and I worked in the purchase ledger at The Body Shop – a hero of the British high street at the time.

    I matched goods that came in with invoices.

    And inputted all of that into an arcane mainframe computer.

    I’m sure quite a few of you will remember those days.

    And the change after change you’ve seen your institutions through since.

    Because before PIN codes, there was paper.

    Before blockchain, there were books of accounts that landed with a thud on the desk.

    Before cashless, there was ‘Cashier number 3 please’.

    These are changes that financial services firms have not just weathered, but pioneered.

    To keep this sector as the engine of economic growth it truly is.

    And to keep creating products that improve the lives of working people.

    Over the past few years, another change has rippled through the sector:

    AI has reshaped what’s possible.

    And there’s not a sector of our economy it will leave untouched.

    There’s a simple difference between this change and those that came before:

    Sheer speed.

    In past waves of transformation, industry and the state alike could afford to dip a toe in.

    To spend a few years seeing how the water feels.

    This time, we need to jump.

    Since joining government, I’ve been clear that the UK will not be swept along as others lead the AI revolution.

    We’ll shape that revolution here.

    6 months ago, we launched the AI Opportunities Action Plan.

    Setting out how the UK will seize the massive potential for economic growth that AI offers us.

    Growth that’s at the heart of our Plan for Change.

    Since that launch, we’ve opened up applications for areas in the UK to become AI Growth Zones – hotspots of AI infrastructure and investment.

    And had over 200 responses.

    The full weight of government is behind the plan.

    With the Chancellor announcing £2 billion to deliver it, as part of the Spending Review.

    And a Modern Industrial Strategy that doubles down on our commitment to AI…

    …as one of the 6 frontier technologies our digital and tech sector plan focusses on.

    Crucial to that plan is adoption.

    Because talking about the power of AI to grow the economy is all well and good.

    But unless companies use it, that growth only exists in theory.

    Not in practice.

    Financial services is at the front of the pack here.

    Around 3 quarters of firms surveyed by the Bank of England the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) already use AI.

    That’s the 3rd highest rate of adoption across the economy.

    That doesn’t surprise me in the slightest.

    The UK led the world in open banking.

    We led the world in near-instant digital payments.

    And our reputation in fintech is second-to-none.

    The most valuable private tech company in Europe is Revolut, a British fintech.

    Our fintech crown is one I’m infinitely proud of.

    If we’re to hold on to it, you need a government that continues to back you.

    That doesn’t just call for you to keep exploring new technologies.

    But actively enables you to do it.

    When I talk to firms about adoption, they tell me about 2 barriers more than any other.

    A lack of skills.

    And finding their way through a web of complex regulation.

    On skills, we’re partnering with 11 major tech companies to train 7.5 million workers in the UK with essential AI skills by the end of this decade.

    So that a lack of expertise will never put a ceiling on what you can do.

    Regulation shouldn’t be that ceiling, either.

    In her Mansion House speech last year, the Chancellor set out a vision:

    For a regulatory environment that cares about managing the burden we put on businesses.

    Since then, she’s launched a radical action plan on regulation to kickstart growth.

    My part in that is making sure we ease the burden on businesses when it comes to adopting emerging tech.

    About 9 months ago, I launched the Regulatory Innovation Office.

    A dedicated unit to curb red tape.

    And get game-changing tech into the public’s hands quickly and safely.

    It’s already delivered results.

    Apian, a British start-up founded by NHS doctors, is now freed up to use drones to take blood samples from Guy’s Hospital in London Bridge, over to a lab in St. Thomas’ for testing.

    Before the NHS had the okay to work with them, those samples were carted over in vans.

    The journey took around half an hour.

    More if they were snarled up in traffic.

    After support from Regulatory Innovation Office (RIO) and the Civil Aviation Authority (CAA), each delivery now takes just 2 minutes.

    Beds are freed up faster.

    NHS waiting lists go down.

    And a crucial difference is made for patients where every second counts.

    Thanks to RIO’s close work with regulators, companies have made advances like these in fields like space or engineering biology, too.

    But I want more sectors to benefit from the breath of fresh air it offers.

    Instead of being stifled by a blanket of bureaucracy.

    So, today, I can announce that RIO is joining forces with digital regulators.

    To consolidate a labyrinth of regulation, and make it easier for innovators to bring AI products to market quickly and easily.

    This marks a significant boost for fintechs.

    Right now, your efforts to use emerging tech can get mired in a lack of clarity.

    Because there’s no single port of call on what you can do with AI.

    You’re left going from regulator to regulator, picking your way through different sets of rules.

    For start-ups and scale-ups without big legal teams, that’s nigh-on impossible to navigate.

    And for bigger banks and firms, it’s days of productivity sunk.

    Now, RIO is teaming up to the Digital Regulation Cooperation Forum (DRCF).

    To bring all of that guidance together into a one-stop shop.

    A digital library that lets you quickly search for answers.

    These are changes that firms of all shapes and sizes can take advantage of.

    Up-and-coming fintechs to household-name banks will go from idea to impact faster:

    Using AI to spot credit card fraud hours before humans can alone.

    To get instant answers to your customers.

    To analyse stocks, so people can get more out of their investments.

    We’re clearing the path for you to harness AI to stay ahead of the game.

    And to make people’s lives fundamentally better.

    Because I know this is a sector that will keep reinventing itself.

    Just as I know that AI will continue to bring profound, positive change to the UK.

    With the right backing on adoption…

    Access to skills…

    And clarity on regulation…

    We’ll make sure that this isn’t just a change that fintechs and banks are part of.

    But a change that you lead.

    Updates to this page

    Published 1 July 2025

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Jobs boost as UK and Kenya bolster economic and security partnership

    Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments 3

    Press release

    Jobs boost as UK and Kenya bolster economic and security partnership

    The UK and Kenya have agreed new deals to bolster the economic and security partnership between the two countries.

    • Trade and investment deals agreed during the visit will contribute over £1bn to the UK economy and create UK jobs in engineering, defence industries, technical and advisory services, and financial services 
    • The UK and Kenya will also increase collaboration to tackle organised crime, human trafficking and illicit finance through the UK-Kenya Security Compact 
    • The UK and Kenya will commit to a new Strategic Partnership as Kenyan President Ruto visits London

    The UK and Kenya will commit to working together to drive economic growth, protect climate and nature, foster collaboration in science and technology and strengthen regional security. 

    During a visit to the UK by the President of Kenya, a pipeline of trade and investment deals worth over £1bn to the UK economy were agreed which will deliver on this government’s commitment to boost jobs and prosperity back in the UK, as part of the government’s Plan for Change. 

    This includes the launch of a tender for a major urban redevelopment project in Nairobi which has been inspired by the regeneration of London’s Kings Cross.

    The Nairobi Railway City project has already provided opportunities to UK businesses with British architecture firm Atkins UK chosen to design the central rail station and public square.

    The Government of Kenya is exploring funding the project through finance mobilised by the UK’s Export Credit Agency, UK Export Finance, which will create UK jobs in engineering, technical and legal services. 

    Both countries also agreed stronger cooperation to disrupt the air, land and sea routes used by organised crime groups to prevent illegal migrants transiting through Kenya in attempts to reach Libya and other countries before travelling on to Europe. Four of the top ten countries for Small Boat arrivals in the UK are near neighbours of Kenya (Eritrea, Sudan, Somalia and Ethiopia).

    Foreign Secretary, David Lammy, said:

    Through our shared history and values the UK and Kenya have always had a close connection.

    Now we are building a shared future; a modern, innovative and respectful partnership which is delivering real benefits – boosting growth and creating jobs for both Kenyans and the British people. We’re going far, together.

    The UK and Kenya have also committed to increased defence and counter terrorism collaboration, including joint training and the creation of a new counter insurgency, terrorism and stability operations centre.

    Defence sales worth over £70m were agreed during the visit supporting manufacturing jobs in County Durham, Northamptonshire and Surrey. Kenya hosts the UK’s most significant military footprint in Africa, including a facility that trains 3,000 UK troops a year. 

    The UK’s world leading financial services sector will also benefit; Lloyd’s of London will announce today that they will be joining the Nairobi International Finance Centre, which will deepen the partnership between two leading financial centres providing access to up to £500m of insurance market potential in Kenya and the East Africa region. 

    The two countries also committed to explore the potential of a bilateral digital trade agreement. Dubbed ‘Silicon Savannah’, the value of Kenya’s tech sector is projected to reach £11.5bn by 2032.

    A digital trade agreement will open up opportunities in the sector for UK Plc.

    Notes to Editors 

    • The projects quoted are examples of a pipeline of projects that both governments will be working towards.

    Media enquiries

    Email newsdesk@fcdo.gov.uk

    Telephone 020 7008 3100

    Email the FCDO Newsdesk (monitored 24 hours a day) in the first instance, and we will respond as soon as possible.

    Updates to this page

    Published 1 July 2025

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Multi-stakeholder Round Table 3: Revitalizing International Development Cooperation

    Source: United Nations General Assembly and Security Council

    The Conference holds its third multi-stakeholder round table this afternoon on “Revitalizing international development cooperation”.

    Pedro Sánchez, President of Spain, will make opening remarks.

    Co-Chaired by KP Sharma Oli, Prime Minister of Nepal, and Ana Isabel Xavier, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs and Cooperation, Vice-Minister of State and Foreign Affairs of Portugal, it will feature a special address by Andrzej Duda, President of Poland, and a keynote address by Ho Duc Phoc, Deputy Prime Minister of Viet Nam.

    Haoliang Xu, Acting Administrator of the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), will moderate the discussion.

    Panelists will include:  Jozef Síkela, Commissioner of International Partnership of the European Commission; Thorgerdur Katrin Gunnarsdottir, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Iceland; Henry-Claude Oyima, Minister of State, Ministry of the Economy, Finance and Debt of Gabon; and Maropene Ramokgopa, Minister in the Presidency responsible for Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation of South Africa. 

    Ilan Goldfajn, President of the Inter-American Development Bank, and Liqun Jin, President of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, will be the discussants.

    …

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI: Nimanode Skyrockets past Crypto Presales, Eyes 30X Growth as it Edges Closer to Launch

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    LEEDS, United Kingdom, July 01, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — As the XRP ecosystem gains momentum, Nimanode Token Presale is rapidly becoming one of the most talked-about innovative DeFi projects on XRP Blockchain, recently surpassing an impressive milestone of 20,000 XRP raised.

    Nimanode Presale ends in a few hours, and XRP Whales and Early investors are now scooping up $NMA at its cheapest price possible before it lists on XRP DEX on a 25% higher price just at the conclusion of the presale.

    Analysts have predicted $NMA could deliver high returns as we prepare for an alt season once it debuts on major decentralized exchanges (DEXs).

    Nimanode Presale

    Why Are Investors Going Full Port on Nimanode?

    Nimanode isn’t just another project, but bridging a gap in the rising demand for infrastructure that blends automation, AI, and blockchain. Reimagining the future of work by creating AI agents that do all our blockchain work.

    From the desk of the development team at Nimanode, the platform is specifically built to introduce AI Agents to the XRP Blockchain, bringing automation on Blockchain live through delivering an Agentic workforce handling various tasks autonomously. Its cutting-edge technology is set to deliver AI Agents with the various features but not limited to

    Zero-Code Agent Builder

    Autonomous Agents Execution

    Agent Marketplace

    XRPL Integration

    The $NMA token itself is meticulously designed to deliver substantial value and exclusive benefits, Deploying and upgrading agents, Sale of agents via the marketplace, Staking to earn protocol rewards and also participating in decentralized governance of the Nimanode Ecosystem

    Less Than 10 Hours Left, DEX Listing at 25% Higher Prices

    With only a few hours remaining until the presale window closes, the urgency to secure $NMA tokens has intensified.

    Demand for the NMA token has also surged as tokens are set to be listed at an upward 25% price from presale prices at top XRPL exchanges like Magnetic, so instant returns for early investors are expected.

    This creates an immediate profit opportunity, incentivizing investors to act now rather than wait and potentially miss out on significant short-term returns.

    $NMA

    How to Join the Nimanode Presale

    The clock is ticking on the Nimanode Presale Page

    Participation is very straightforward

    1. Buy XRP from reputable exchanges like Binance, Coinbase, or Bybit
    2. Send them to an XRP Compatible Wallet (Xaman recommended) to hold your purchased XRP.
    3. Go to Nimanode’s presale page, copy the deposit address, and send your XRP to it.
    4. Receive your tokens via airdrop 24 hours after the presale concludes.

    Don’t Miss Out – Secure Your Spot Now!

    With an amazing target of over 20,000 XRP raised, breaking milestone after milestone, time is running out for early backers to get involved in one of the most promising DeFi projects built on XRPL poised to be the DeFi breakout of the year.

    Nimanode isn’t just creating another DeFi app, Chatbot, or AI demo. It’s building a protocol layer where artificial intelligence doesn’t just support the blockchain, but lives on it.

    Join the presale now and position yourself at the forefront of XRP’s next big altcoin success story.

    Connect with Nimanode

    Website: https://nimanode.com

    Twitter/X: https://x.com/nimanodeai

    Telegram: https://t.me/nimanodeAI

    Documentation: https://docs.nimanode.com

    Contact:
    Nick Lambert
    contact@nimanode.com

    Disclaimer: This is a paid post and is provided by Nimanode. The statements, views, and opinions expressed in this content are solely those of the content provider and do not necessarily reflect the views of this media platform or its publisher. We do not endorse, verify, or guarantee the accuracy, completeness, or reliability of any information presented. We do not guarantee any claims, statements, or promises made in this article. This content is for informational purposes only and should not be considered financial, investment, or trading advice.Investing in crypto and mining-related opportunities involves significant risks, including the potential loss of capital. It is possible to lose all your capital. These products may not be suitable for everyone, and you should ensure that you understand the risks involved. Seek independent advice if necessary. Speculate only with funds that you can afford to lose. Readers are strongly encouraged to conduct their own research and consult with a qualified financial advisor before making any investment decisions. However, due to the inherently speculative nature of the blockchain sector—including cryptocurrency, NFTs, and mining—complete accuracy cannot always be guaranteed. Neither the media platform nor the publisher shall be held responsible for any fraudulent activities, misrepresentations, or financial losses arising from the content of this press release. In the event of any legal claims or charges against this article, we accept no liability or responsibility.Globenewswire does not endorse any content on this page.

    Legal Disclaimer: This media platform provides the content of this article on an “as-is” basis, without any warranties or representations of any kind, express or implied. We assume no responsibility for any inaccuracies, errors, or omissions. We do not assume any responsibility or liability for the accuracy, content, images, videos, licenses, completeness, legality, or reliability of the information presented herein. Any concerns, complaints, or copyright issues related to this article should be directed to the content provider mentioned above.

    A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/2aec7a09-bb59-4d17-9714-8651dfc9392b

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Pop, soda or coke? The fizzy history behind America’s favorite linguistic debate

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Valerie M. Fridland, Professor of Linguistics, University of Nevada, Reno

    ‘I’ll have a coke – no, not Coca-Cola, Sprite.’ Justin Sullivan/Getty Images

    With burgers sizzling and classic rock thumping, many Americans revel in summer cookouts – at least until that wayward cousin asks for a “pop” in soda country, or even worse, a “coke” when they actually want a Sprite.

    Few American linguistic debates have bubbled quite as long and effervescently as the one over whether a generic soft drink should be called a soda, pop or coke.

    The word you use generally boils down to where you’re from: Midwesterners enjoy a good pop, while soda is tops in the North and far West. Southerners, long the cultural mavericks, don’t bat an eyelash asking for coke – lowercase – before homing in on exactly the type they want: Perhaps a root beer or a Coke, uppercase.

    As a linguist who studies American dialects, I’m less interested in this regional divide and far more fascinated by the unexpected history behind how a fizzy “health” drink from the early 1800s spawned the modern soft drink’s many names and iterations.

    Bubbles, anyone?

    Foods and drinks with wellness benefits might seem like a modern phenomenon, but the urge to create drinks with medicinal properties inspired what might be called a soda revolution in the 1800s.

    An 1878 engraving of a soda fountain.
    Smith Collection/Gado via Getty Images

    The process of carbonating water was first discovered in the late 1700s. By the early 1800s, this carbonated water had become popular as a health drink and was often referred to as “soda water.” The word “soda” likely came from “sodium,” since these drinks often contained salts, which were then believed to have healing properties.

    Given its alleged curative effects for health issues such as indigestion, pharmacists sold soda water at soda fountains, innovative devices that created carbonated water to be sold by the glass. A chemistry professor, Benjamin Stillman, set up the first such device in a drugstore in New Haven, Connecticut, in 1806. Its eventual success inspired a boom of soda fountains in drugstores and health spas.

    By the mid-1800s, pharmacists were creating unique root-, fruit- and herb-infused concoctions, such as sassafras-based root beer, at their soda fountains, often marketing them as cures for everything from fatigue to foul moods.

    These flavored, sweetened versions gave rise to the linking of the word “soda” with a sweetened carbonated beverage, as opposed to simple, carbonated water.

    Seltzer – today’s popular term for such sparkling water – was around, too. But it was used only for the naturally carbonated mineral water from the German town Nieder-Selters. Unlike Perrier, sourced similarly from a specific spring in France, seltzer made the leap to becoming a generic term for fizzy water.

    Many late-19th-century and early 20th-century drugstores contained soda fountains – a nod to the original belief that the sugary, bubbly drink possessed medicinal qualities.
    Hall of Electrical History Foundation/Corbis via Getty Images

    Regional naming patterns

    So how did “soda” come to be called so many different things in different places?

    It all stems from a mix of economic enterprise and linguistic ingenuity.

    The popularity of “soda” in the Northeast likely reflects the soda fountain’s longer history in the region. Since a lot of Americans living in the Northeast migrated to California in the mid-to-late 1800s, the name likely traveled west with them.

    As for the Midwestern preference for “pop” – well, the earliest American use of the term to refer to a sparkling beverage appeared in the 1840s in the name of a flavored version called “ginger pop.” Such ginger-flavored pop, though, was around in Britain by 1816, since a Newcastle songbook is where you can first see it used in text. The “pop” seems to be onomatopoeic for the noise made when the cork was released from the bottle before drinking.

    A jingle for Faygo touts the company’s ‘red pop.’

    Linguists don’t fully know why “pop” became so popular in the Midwest. But one theory links it to a Michigan bottling company, Feigenson Brothers Bottling Works – today known as Faygo Beverages – that used “pop” in the name of the sodas they marketed and sold. Another theory suggests that because bottles were more common in the region, soda drinkers were more likely to hear the “pop” sound than in the Northeast, where soda fountains reigned.

    As for using coke generically, the first Coca-Cola was served in 1886 by Dr. John Pemberton, a pharmacist at Jacobs’ Pharmacy in Atlanta and the founder of the company. In the 1900s, the Coca-Cola company tried to stamp out the use of “Coke” for “Coca-Cola.” But that ship had already sailed. Since Coca-Cola originated and was overwhelmingly popular in the South, its generic use grew out of the fact that people almost always asked for “Coke.”

    No alcohol means not ‘hard’ but ‘soft.’
    Nostalgic Collections/eBay

    As with Jell-O, Kleenex, Band-Aids and seltzer, it became a generic term.

    What’s soft about it?

    Speaking of soft drinks, what’s up with that term?

    It was originally used to distinguish all nonalcoholic drinks from “hard drinks,” or beverages containing spirits.

    Interestingly, the original Coca-Cola formula included wine – resembling a type of alcoholic “health” drink popular overseas, Vin Mariani. But Pemberton went on to develop a “soft” version a few years later to be sold as a medicinal drink.

    Due to the growing popularity of soda water concoctions, eventually “soft drink” came to mean only such sweetened carbonated beverages, a linguistic testament to America’s enduring love affair with sugar and bubbles.

    With the average American guzzling almost 40 gallons per year, you can call it whatever you what. Just don’t call it healthy.

    Valerie M. Fridland does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Pop, soda or coke? The fizzy history behind America’s favorite linguistic debate – https://theconversation.com/pop-soda-or-coke-the-fizzy-history-behind-americas-favorite-linguistic-debate-259114

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Keeping brain-dead pregnant women on life support raises ethical issues that go beyond abortion politics

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Lindsey Breitwieser, Assistant Professor of Gender & Women’s Studies, Hollins University

    Laws such as Georgia’s LIFE Act can complicate ethical and legal decision-making in postmortem pregnancy.
     Darya Komarova/Moment via Getty Images

    Adriana Smith, a 30-year-old woman from Georgia who had been declared brain-dead in February 2025, spent 16 weeks on life support while doctors worked to keep her body functioning well enough to support her developing fetus. On June 13, 2025, her premature baby, named Chance, was born via cesarean section at 25 weeks.

    Smith was nine weeks pregnant when she suffered multiple blood clots in her brain. Her story gained public attention when her mother criticized doctors’ decision to keep her on a ventilator without the family’s consent. Smith’s mother has said that doctors told the family the decision was made to align with Georgia’s LIFE Act, which bans abortion after six weeks of pregnancy and bolsters the legal standing of fetal personhood. A statement released by the hospital also cites Georgia’s abortion law.

    “I’m not saying we would have chosen to terminate her pregnancy,” Smith’s mother told a local television station. “But I’m saying we should have had a choice.”

    The LIFE Act is one of several state laws that have passed across the U.S. since the 2022 Dobbs v. Jackson decision invalidated constitutional protections for abortion. Although Georgia’s attorney general denied that the LIFE Act applied to Smith, there’s little doubt that it invites ethical and legal uncertainty when a woman dies while pregnant.

    Smith’s case has swiftly become the focus of a reproductive rights political firestorm characterized by two opposing viewpoints. For some, it reflects demeaning governmental overreach that quashes women’s bodily autonomy. For others it illustrates the righteous sacrifice of motherhood.

    In my work as a gender and technology studies scholar, I have cataloged and studied postmortem pregnancies like Smith’s since 2016. In my view, Smith’s story doesn’t fit straightforwardly into abortion politics. Instead, it points to the need for a more nuanced ethical approach that does not frame a mother and child as adversaries in a medical, legal or political context.

    Birth after death

    For centuries, Catholic dogma and Western legal precedent have mandated immediate cesarean section when a pregnant woman died after quickening, the point when fetal movement becomes discernible. But technological advances now make it possible sometimes for a fetus to continue gestating in place when the mother is brain-dead, or “dead by neurological criteria”– a widely accepted definition of death that first emerged in the 1950s.

    The first brain death during pregnancy in which the fetus was delivered after time on life support, more accurately called organ support, occurred in 1981. The process is extraordinarily intensive and invasive, because the loss of brain function impedes many physiological processes. Health teams, sometimes numbering in the hundreds, must stabilize the bodies of “functionally decapitated” pregnant women to buy more time for fetal development. This requires vital organ support, ventilation, nutritional supplements, antibiotics and constant monitoring. Outcomes are highly uncertain.

    Adriana Smith’s baby was delivered by cesarian section on June 13, 2025.

    Smith’s 112-day stint on organ support ranks third in length for a postmortem pregnancy, with the longest being 123 days. Hers is also the earliest ever gestational age from which the procedure has been attempted. Because time on organ support can vary widely, and because there is no established minimum fetal age considered too early to intervene, a fetus could theoretically be deemed viable at any point in pregnancy.

    Postmortem pregnancy as gender-based violence

    Over the past 50 years, critics of postmortem pregnancy have argued that it constitutes gender-based violence and violates bodily integrity in ways that organ donation does not. Some have compared it with Nazi pronatalist policies. Others have attributed the practice to systemic sexism and racism in medicine. Postmortem pregnancy can also compound intimate partner violence by giving brain-dead women’s murderers decision-making authority when they are the fetus’s next of kin.

    Fetal personhood laws complicate end-of-life decision-making in ways that many consider violent too. As I have seen in my own research, when the fetus is considered a legal person, women’s wishes may be assumed, debated in court or committee, or set aside entirely, nearly always in favor of the fetus.

    From the perspective of reproductive rights advocates, postmortem pregnancy is the bottom of a slippery slope down which anti-abortion sentiment has led America. It obliterates women’s autonomy, pitting living and dead women against doctors, legislators and sometimes their own families, and weaponizing their own fetuses against them.

    A medical perspective on rights

    Viewed through a medical lens, however, postmortem pregnancy is not violent or violating, but an act of repair. Although care teams have responsibilities to both mother and fetus, a pregnant woman’s brain death means she cannot be physically harmed and her rights cannot be violated to the same degree as a fetus with the potential for life.

    Medical practitioners are conditioned to prioritize life over death, motivating a commitment to salvage something from a tragedy and try to partially restore a family. The high-stakes world of emergency medicine makes protecting life reflexive and medical interventions automatic. Once fetal life is detected, as one hospital spokesperson put it in a 1976 news article in The Boston Globe, “What else could you do?”

    This response does not necessarily stem from conscious sexism or anti-abortion sentiment, but from reverence for vulnerable patients. If physicians declare a pregnant woman brain-dead, patienthood often automatically transfers to the fetus needing rescue. No matter its age and despite its survival being dependent on machines, just like its mother, the fetus is entirely animate. Who or what counts as a legal person with privileges and protections might be a political or philosophical determination, but life is a matter of biological fact and within the doctors’ purview.

    The first baby born from a postmortem pregnancy was delivered in 1981.
    Emmanuel Faure/The Image Bank via Getty Images

    An ethics of anti-opposition

    Both of the above perspectives have validity, but neither accounts for postmortem pregnancy’s ethical and biological complexity.

    First, setting mother against fetus, with the rights of one endangering the rights of the other, does not match pregnancy’s lived reality of “two bodies, sutured,” as the cultural scholar Lauren Berlant put it.

    Even the Supreme Court recognized this entangled duality in their 1973 ruling on Roe v. Wade, which established both constitutional protections for abortion and a governmental obligation to protect fetal life. Whether a fetus is considered a legal person or not, they wrote, pregnant women and fetuses “cannot be isolated in their privacy” – meaning that reproductive rights issues must strike a balance, however tenuous, between maternal and fetal interests. To declare postmortem pregnancy unequivocally violent or a loss of the “right to choose” fails to recognize the complexity of choice in a highly politicized medical landscape.

    Second, maternal-fetal competition muddles the right course of action. In the U.S., competent patients are not compelled to engage in medical care they would rather avoid, even if it kills them, or to stay on life support to preserve organs for donation. But when a fetus is treated as an independent patient, exceptions could be made to those medical standards if the fetus’s interests override the mother’s.

    For example, pregnancy disrupts standard determination of death. To protect the fetus, care teams increasingly skip a necessary diagnostic for brain death called apnea testing, which involves momentarily removing the ventilator to test the respiratory centers of the brain stem. In these cases, maternal brain death cannot be confirmed until after delivery. Multiple instances of vaginal deliveries after brain death also remain unexplained, given that the brain coordinates mechanisms of vaginal labor. All in all, it’s not always clear women in these cases are entirely dead.

    Ultimately, women like Adriana Smith and their fetuses are inseparable and persist in a technologically defined state of in-betweenness. I’d argue that postmortem pregnancies, therefore, need new bioethical standards that center women’s beliefs about their bodies and a dignified death. This might involve recognizing pregnancy’s unique ambiguities in advance directives, questioning default treatment pathways that may require harm be done to one in order to save another, or considering multiple definitions of clinical and legal death.

    In my view, it is possible to adapt our ethical standards in a way that honors all beings in these exceptional circumstances, without privileging either “choice” or “life,” mother or fetus.

    This research was supported by a grant from The Institute for Citizens and Scholars.

    – ref. Keeping brain-dead pregnant women on life support raises ethical issues that go beyond abortion politics – https://theconversation.com/keeping-brain-dead-pregnant-women-on-life-support-raises-ethical-issues-that-go-beyond-abortion-politics-258457

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: The hidden cost of convenience: How your data pulls in hundreds of billions of dollars for app and social media companies

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Kassem Fawaz, Associate Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison

    Many apps and social media platforms collect detailed information about you as you use them, and sometimes even when you’re not using them. Malte Mueller/fStop via Getty images

    You wake up in the morning and, first thing, you open your weather app. You close that pesky ad that opens first and check the forecast. You like your weather app, which shows hourly weather forecasts for your location. And the app is free!

    But do you know why it’s free? Look at the app’s privacy settings. You help keep it free by allowing it to collect your information, including:

    • What devices you use and their IP and Media Access Control addresses.
    • Information you provide when signing up, such as your name, email address and home address.
    • App settings, such as whether you choose Celsius or Fahrenheit.
    • Your interactions with the app, including what content you view and what ads you click.
    • Inferences based on your interactions with the app.
    • Your location at a given time, including, depending on your settings, continuous tracking.
    • What websites or apps that you interact with after you use the weather app.
    • Information you give to ad vendors.
    • Information gleaned by analytics vendors that analyze and optimize the app.

    This type of data collection is standard fare. The app company can use this to customize ads and content. The more customized and personalized an ad is, the more money it generates for the app owner. The owner might also sell your data to other companies.

    Many apps, including the weather channel app, send you targeted advertising and sell your personal data by default.
    Jack West, CC BY-ND

    You might also check a social media account like Instagram. The subtle price that you pay is, again, your data. Many “free” mobile apps gather information about you as you interact with them.

    As an associate professor of electrical and computer engineering and a doctoral student in computer science, we follow the ways software collects information about people. Your data allows companies to learn about your habits and exploit them.

    It’s no secret that social media and mobile applications collect information about you. Meta’s business model depends on it. The company, which operates Facebook, Instagram and WhatsApp, is worth US$1.48 trillion. Just under 98% of its profits come from advertising, which leverages user data from more than 7 billion monthly users.



    Read more:
    How Internet of Things devices affect your privacy – even when they’re not yours

    What your data is worth

    Before mobile phones gained apps and social media became ubiquitous, companies conducted large-scale demographic surveys to assess how well a product performed and to get information about the best places to sell it. They used the information to create coarsely targeted ads that they placed on billboards, print ads and TV spots.

    Mobile apps and social media platforms now let companies gather much more fine-grained information about people at a lower cost. Through apps and social media, people willingly trade personal information for convenience. In 2007 – a year after the introduction of targeted ads – Facebook made over $153 million, triple the previous year’s revenue. In the past 17 years, that number has increased by more than 1,000 times.

    Five ways to leave your data

    App and social media companies collect your data in many ways. Meta is a representative case. The company’s privacy policy highlights five ways it gathers your data:

    First, it collects the profile information you fill in. Second, it collects the actions you take on its social media platforms. Third, it collects the people you follow and friend. Fourth, it keeps track of each phone, tablet and computer you use to access its platforms. And fifth, it collects information about how you interact with apps that corporate partners connect to its platforms. Many apps and social media platforms follow similar privacy practices.

    Your data and activity

    When you create an account on an app or social media platform, you provide the company that owns it with information like your age, birth date, identified sex, location and workplace. In the early years of Facebook, selling profile information to advertisers was that company’s main source of revenue. This information is valuable because it allows advertisers to target specific demographics like age, identified gender and location.

    And once you start using an app or social media platform, the company behind it can collect data about how you use the app or social media. Social media keeps you engaged as you interact with other people’s posts by liking, commenting or sharing them. Meanwhile, the social media company gains information about what content you view and how you communicate with other people.

    Advertisers can find out how much time you spent reading a Facebook post or that you spent a few more seconds on a particular TikTok video. This activity information tells advertisers about your interests. Modern algorithms can quickly pick up subtleties and automatically change the content to engage you in a sponsored post, a targeted advertisement or general content.

    Your devices and applications

    Companies can also note what devices, including mobile phones, tablets and computers, you use to access their apps and social media platforms. This shows advertisers your brand loyalty, how old your devices are and how much they’re worth.

    Because mobile devices travel with you, they have access to information about where you’re going, what you’re doing and who you’re near. In a lawsuit against Kochava Inc., the Federal Trade Commission called out the company for selling customer geolocation data in August 2022, shortly after Roe v Wade was overruled. The company’s customers, including people who had abortions after the ruling was overturned, often didn’t know that data tracking their movements was being collected, according to the commission. The FTC alleged that the data could be used to identify households.

    Kochava has denied the FTC’s allegations.

    Information that apps can gain from your mobile devices includes anything you have given an app permission to have, such as your location, who you have in your contact list or photos in your gallery.

    If you give an app permission to see where you are while the app is running, for instance, the platform can access your location anytime the app is running. Providing access to contacts may provide an app with the phone numbers, names and emails of all the people that you know.

    Cross-application data collection

    Companies can also gain information about what you do across different apps by acquiring information collected by other apps and platforms.

    The settings on an Android phone show that Meta uses information it collects about you to target ads it shows you in its apps – and also in other apps and on other platforms – by default.
    Jack West, CC BY-ND

    This is common with social media companies. This allows companies to, for example, show you ads based on what you like or recently looked at on other apps. If you’ve searched for something on Amazon and then noticed an ad for it on Instagram, it’s probably because Amazon shared that information with Instagram.

    This combined data collection has made targeted advertising so accurate that people have reported that they feel like their devices are listening to them.

    Companies, including Google, Meta, X, TikTok and Snapchat, can build detailed user profiles based on collected information from all the apps and social media platforms you use. They use the profiles to show you ads and posts that match your interests to keep you engaged. They also sell the profile information to advertisers.

    Meanwhile, researchers have found that Meta and Yandex, a Russian search engine, have overcome controls in mobile operating system software that ordinarily keep people’s web-browsing data anonymous. Each company puts code on its webpages that used local IPs to pass a person’s browsing history, which is supposed to remain private, to mobile apps installed on that person’s phone, de-anonymizing the data. Yandex has been conducting this tracking since 2017, while Meta began in September 2024, according to the researchers.

    What you can do about it

    If you use apps that collect your data in some way, including those that give you directions, track your workouts or help you contact someone, or if you use social media platforms, your privacy is at risk.

    Aside from entirely abandoning modern technology, there are several steps you can take to limit access – at least in part – to your private information.

    Read the privacy policy of each app or social media platform you use. Although privacy policy documents can be long, tedious and sometimes hard to read, they explain how social media platforms collect, process, store and share your data.

    Check a policy by making sure it can answer three questions: what data does the app collect, how does it collect the data, and what is the data used for. If you can’t answer all three questions by reading the policy, or if any of the answers don’t sit well with you, consider skipping the app until there’s a change in its data practices.

    Remove unnecessary permissions from mobile apps to limit the amount of information that applications can gather from you.

    Be aware of the privacy settings that might be offered by the apps or social media platforms you use, including any setting that allows your personal data to affect your experience or shares information about you with other users or applications.

    These privacy settings can give you some control. We recommend that you disable “off-app activity” and “personalization” settings. “Off-app activity” allows an app to record which other apps are installed on your phone and what you do on them. Personalization settings allow an app to use your data to tailor what it shows you, including advertisements.

    Review and update these settings regularly because permissions sometimes change when apps or your phone update. App updates may also add new features that can collect your data. Phone updates may also give apps new ways to collect your data or add new ways to preserve your privacy.

    Use private browser windows or reputable virtual private networks software, commonly referred to as VPNs, when using apps that connect to the internet and social media platforms. Private browsers don’t store any account information, which limits the information that can be collected. VPNs change the IP address of your machine so that apps and platforms can’t discover your location.

    Finally, ask yourself whether you really need every app that’s on your phone. And when using social media, consider how much information you want to reveal about yourself in liking and commenting on posts, sharing updates about your life, revealing locations you visited and following celebrities you like.

    This article is part of a series on data privacy that explores who collects your data, what and how they collect, who sells and buys your data, what they all do with it, and what you can do about it.

    Kassem Fawaz receives funding from the National Science Foundation. In the past, his research group has received unrestricted gifts from Meta and Google.

    Jack West does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. The hidden cost of convenience: How your data pulls in hundreds of billions of dollars for app and social media companies – https://theconversation.com/the-hidden-cost-of-convenience-how-your-data-pulls-in-hundreds-of-billions-of-dollars-for-app-and-social-media-companies-251698

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Why the US bombed a bunch of metal tubes − a nuclear engineer explains the importance of centrifuges to Iranian efforts to build nuclear weapons

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Anna Erickson, Professor of Nuclear and Radiological Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology

    An image from Iranian television shows centrifuges lining a hall at Iran’s Natanz uranium enrichment facility in 2021. IRIB via APPEAR

    When U.S. forces attacked Iran’s nuclear facilities on June 21, 2025, the main target was metal tubes in laboratories deep underground. The tubes are centrifuges that produce highly enriched uranium needed to build nuclear weapons.

    Inside of a centrifuge, a rotor spins in the range of 50,000 to 100,000 revolutions per minute, 10 times faster than a Corvette engine’s crankshaft. High speeds are needed to separate lighter uranium-235 from heavier uranium-238 for further collection and processing. Producing this level of force means the rotor itself must be well balanced and strong and rely on high-speed magnetic bearings to reduce friction.

    Over the years, Iran has produced thousands of centrifuges. They work together to enrich uranium to dangerous levels – close to weapons-grade uranium. Most of them are deployed in three enrichment sites: Natanz, the country’s main enrichment facility, Fordow and Isfahan. Inside of these facilities, the centrifuges are arranged into cascades – series of machines connected to each other. This way, each machine yields slightly more enriched uranium, feeding the gas produced into its neighbor to maximize production efficiency.

    As a nuclear engineer who works on nuclear nonproliferation, I track centrifuge technology, including the Iranian enrichment facilities targeted by the U.S. and Israel. A typical cascade deployed in Iran is composed of 164 centrifuges, working in series to produce enriched uranium. The Natanz facility was designed to hold over 50,000 centrifuges.

    Iran’s early intentions to field centrifuges on a very large scale were clear. At the peak of the program in the early 2010s it deployed over 19,000 units. Iran later scaled down the number of its centrifuges in part due to international agreements such as the since scrapped Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action signed in 2015.

    Legacy of enrichment

    Iran has a long history of enriching uranium.

    In the late 1990s, it acquired a Pakistani centrifuge design known as P-1. The blueprints and some components were supplied via the A.Q. Khan black market network – the mastermind of the Pakistani program and a serious source of nuclear proliferation globally. Today, the P-1 design is known as IR-1. IR-1 centrifuges use aluminum and a high-strength alloy, known as maraging steel.

    About one-third of the centrifuges that were deployed at the sites of the recent strike on June 21 are IR-1. Each one produces on the order of 0.8 separative work units, which is the unit for measuring the amount of energy and effort needed to separate uranium-235 molecules from the rest of the uranium gas. To put this in perspective, one centrifuge would yield about 0.2 ounces (6 grams) of 60%-enriched uranium-235 per year.

    A typical uranium-based weapon requires 55 pounds (25 kilograms) of 90%-enriched uranium. To get to weapons-grade level, a single centrifuge would produce only 0.14 ounces (4 grams) per year. It requires more work to go higher in enrichment. While capable of doing the job, the IR-1 is quite inefficient.

    The author explains the uranium enrichment process to CBS News.

    More and better centrifuges

    Small yields mean that over 6,000 centrifuges would need to work together for a year to get enough material for one weapon such as a nuclear warhead. Or the efficiency of the centrifuges would have to be improved. Iran did both.

    Before the strike by U.S. forces, Iran was operating close to 7,000 IR-1 centrifuges. In addition, Iran designed, built and operated more efficient centrifuges such as the IR-2m, IR-4 and IR-6 designs. Comparing the IR-1 with the latest designs is like comparing a golf cart with the latest electric vehicles in terms of range and payload.

    Iran’s latest centrifuge designs contain carbon fiber composites with exceptional strength and durability and low weight. This is a recipe for producing light and compact centrifuges that are easier to conceal from inspections. According to the international nuclear watchdog International Atomic Energy Agency, before the strike Iran was operating 6,500 IR-2m centrifuges, close to 4,000 IR-4 centrifuges and over 3,000 IR-6 centrifuges.

    With each new generation, the separative work unit efficiency increased significantly. IR-6 centrifuges, with their carbon fiber rotors, can achieve up to 10 separative work units per year. That’s about 2.8 ounces (80 grams) of 60%-enriched uranium-235 per year. The International Atomic Energy Agency verified that the IR-6 cascades have been actively used to ramp up production of 60%-enriched uranium.

    The most recent and advanced centrifuges developed by Iran, known as IR-9, can achieve 50 separative work units per year. This cuts down the time needed to produce highly enriched uranium for weapon purposes from months to weeks. The other aspect of IR-9 advanced centrifuges is their compactness. They are easier to conceal from inspections or move underground, and they require less energy to operate.

    Advanced centrifuges such as the IR-9 drive up the risk of nuclear weapons proliferation significantly. Fortunately, the International Atomic Energy Agency reports that only one exists in testing laboratories, and there is no evidence Iran has deployed them widely. However, it’s possible more are concealed.

    Bombs or talks?

    Uranium enrichment of 60% is far beyond the needs of any civilian use. The International Atomic Energy Agency confirmed that Iran stockpiled about 880 pounds (400 kilograms) of highly enriched uranium before the attack, and it might have escaped intact. That’s enough to make 10 weapons. The newer centrifuges – IR-2m, IR-4 and IR-6 – would need a bit over eight months to produce that much.

    It’s not clear what the U.S. attack has accomplished, but destroying the facilities targeted in the attack and hindering Iran’s ability to continue enriching uranium might be a way to slow Iran’s move toward producing nuclear weapons. However, based on my work and research on preventing nuclear proliferation, I believe a more reliable means of preventing Iran from achieving its nuclear aims would be for diplomacy and cooperation to prevail.

    Anna Erickson receives funding from Department of Energy National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA) related to nuclear nonproliferation technologies. She has previously served on the Board of Directors of the American Nuclear Society.

    – ref. Why the US bombed a bunch of metal tubes − a nuclear engineer explains the importance of centrifuges to Iranian efforts to build nuclear weapons – https://theconversation.com/why-the-us-bombed-a-bunch-of-metal-tubes-a-nuclear-engineer-explains-the-importance-of-centrifuges-to-iranian-efforts-to-build-nuclear-weapons-259883

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Video: Adapting to change: Ensuring price stability in a new geopolitical era

    Source: European Central Bank (video statements)

    How does geopolitical uncertainty affect inflation? How do we keep monetary policy fit for purpose in a rapidly changing world? And what are the main topics at this year’s ECB Forum in Sintra, Portugal?

    In the first episode of our special Sintra series for The ECB Podcast, our host Paul Gordon discusses all these questions and more with Chief Economist and Executive Board member, Philip R. Lane.

    The views expressed are those of the speakers and not necessarily those of the European Central Bank.

    Published on 25 June 2025 and recorded on 16 June 2025.

    In this episode:
    01:28 The ECB Governing Council lowered key interest rates to 2%.
    What was the motivation behind the decision?

    04:30 How do we ensure that risks and uncertainties are integrated into the monetary policy decision-making process?
    What is our baseline? What factors need to be taken into account?

    06:44 Alternative scenarios in the latest projections
    Why do we communicate our “what if” scenarios?

    08:11 Meeting-by-meeting, data-dependent approach
    Why do we follow this approach?

    09:50 Strategy review
    How can we make sure our strategy is up to date?

    12:02 High-level uncertainty
    How do we factor heightened uncertainty in our strategy?

    13:50 ECB Forum on Central Banking in Sintra, Portugal
    What is the ECB Forum and what’s behind it? What’s the goal of the Forum? What’s Philip R. Lane looking forward to?

    16:53 Our guest’s hot tip
    Philip R. Lane shares his hot tip.

    Programme of ECB Forum on Central Banking in Sintra, Portugal
    www.ecb.europa.eu/press/conference…_banking.en.html

    Ken Rogoff “Our dollar, your problem”
    yalebooks.yale.edu/book/9780300275…r-your-problem/

    ECB Instagram
    www.instagram.com/europeancentralbank/

    European Central Bank
    www.ecb.europa.eu

    ECB Banking Supervision
    www.bankingsupervision.europa.eu/home/htm….en.html

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KUweOkceegk

    MIL OSI Video –

  • MIL-OSI Video: Minister Maropene Ramokgopa participates at Multi Stakeholder Round Table 3 at the FfD4 summit.

    Source: Republic of South Africa (video statements)

    Minister Maropene Ramokgopa participates at Multi Stakeholder Round Table 3 at the FfD4 summit in Seville, Spain.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CuowdaSTr1A

    MIL OSI Video –

  • From Ghana to Brazil: PM Modi’s five-nation tour to cement South-South cooperation

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (2)

    rime Minister Narendra Modi is set to embark on a five-nation tour on Tuesday covering Ghana, Trinidad and Tobago, Argentina, Brazil and Namibia, marking an important push to strengthen India’s ties with Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean.

    First Indian PM visit to Ghana in three decades

    Prime Minister Modi will begin his tour with an official visit to Ghana on July 2 and 3- the first visit by an Indian Prime Minister to the West African nation in 30 years.

    The Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) said the visit holds special significance as Ghana’s President John Dramani Mahama recently assumed office after a decisive electoral victory. PM Modi and President Mahama, who share a history of engagement since the India-Africa Forum Summit in 2015, will discuss ways to deepen bilateral ties.

    Key areas on the agenda include agriculture, defence cooperation, critical minerals, and a possible vaccine hub to serve West Africa. India’s capacity-building initiatives like the ITEC programme have long contributed to Ghana’s human resource development. Officials expect the two sides to sign MoUs in areas such as traditional medicine, standards and cultural exchange.

    Trinidad and Tobago: marking 180 years of Indian arrival

    From July 3 to 4, PM Modi will visit Trinidad and Tobago, marking the first bilateral visit by an Indian Prime Minister since 1999. The visit coincides with the 180th anniversary of the arrival of Indian immigrants to the island nation, which hosts one of the largest Indian-origin communities in the Caribbean.

    In Port of Spain, PM Modi will hold wide-ranging discussions with President Christine Carla Kangaloo, and Prime Minister Kamala Prasad Bisessar, both of whom are of Indian origin. Talks will cover cooperation in pharmaceuticals, renewable energy, digital public infrastructure, agriculture, disaster resilience, education and culture.

    Highlighting the shared heritage, PM Modi will address a joint session of the Trinidad and Tobago Parliament and interact with the vibrant Indian diaspora.

    Argentina visit: tapping new opportunities

    PM Modi’s next stop will be Argentina on July 4 and 5 – the first standalone bilateral visit by an Indian PM to Argentina in nearly six decades.

    Officials said the visit is timely as Argentina pursues major economic reforms and offers new avenues for partnership. PM Modi will hold talks with President Javier Milei, focusing on boosting cooperation in defence manufacturing, digital technology, telemedicine, mining and renewable energy.

    Argentina’s vast reserves of lithium, copper and rare earths align with India’s push for secure and sustainable critical mineral supplies. India’s KABIL has already secured mining concessions in Argentina this year. Discussions will also cover food security, green energy, infrastructure, science and technology.

    Brazil: BRICS summit and bilateral talks

    PM Modi will then travel to Brazil to attend the 17th BRICS Summit in Rio de Janeiro on July 6 and 7. The theme for this year’s summit — “Strengthening Global South Cooperation for Inclusive and Sustainable Governance” — aligns with India’s foreign policy priorities.

    Leaders will deliberate on reforming global governance, peace and security, climate change and artificial intelligence. India expects key outcomes including a Leaders’ Declaration and frameworks for climate finance and socially determined diseases.

    On July 8, PM Modi will pay a state visit to Brasilia for bilateral talks with President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva. India and Brazil will review trade ties, currently valued at $12.2 billion, and aim to push the target to $20 billion. Cooperation in oil and gas, renewable energy, critical minerals, defence, agriculture, traditional medicine, and digital public infrastructure are expected to feature prominently.

    Namibia: energy, minerals, digital pay on radar

    PM Modi will conclude his tour with a landmark visit to Namibia on July 9- the first by an Indian Prime Minister in 27 years.

    India has long supported Namibia’s independence struggle and has maintained strong economic ties. Trade stands at around $600 million, with Indian investments of nearly $800 million, mostly in minerals like zinc and diamonds.

    During the visit, PM Modi will hold bilateral talks with President Netumbo Nandi-Ndaitwah and address Namibia’s Parliament. A key highlight will be a technology agreement enabling unified payment interoperability between the two countries — deepening fintech and digital cooperation.

    Namibia’s reserves of uranium, copper, cobalt and rare earths, and recent oil discoveries make it an attractive partner as India diversifies its energy and mineral supplies. The Cheetah translocation project from Namibia to India’s Kuno National Park remains a symbol of trust and collaboration.

  • Indo-French joint military exercise ‘Shakti 2025’ concludes in France

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    The eighth edition of the Indo-French Joint Military Exercise ‘Shakti’ concluded on Tuesday after two weeks of intensive training and cooperation between the Indian and French armed forces.

    Held from June 18 to July 1 in France, the exercise was hosted by the 13th French Foreign Legion Demi-Brigade (13 DBLE) and involved more than 500 personnel from various units of the French Army, Foreign Legion, Navy, and the French Air and Space Force.

    India was represented by a 90-member contingent, including a Battalion from the Jammu and Kashmir Rifles and troops from other arms and services. The exercise featured approximately 50 armoured and tactical vehicles, along with fighter jets from both sides.

    The exercise was conducted in two phases with the first one, held from June 18 to 21 in Aveyron’s Monclar district, focused on joint training in weapon handling, combat drills, and command coordination.

    The second phase, from June 22 to 26 in Herault, saw the deployment of the Monclar Combined Arms Tactical Group (GTIA) in an open-field semi-urban combat exercise that tested troops during both day and night operations.

    This year’s drill emphasised tactical interoperability, use of modern military technology, and refining combat strategies. French legionnaires had previously participated in Shakti 2024 in India, and both sides reaffirmed their commitment to deepen military collaboration and share best practices.

    “Exercise Shakti was a vital opportunity for Indian and French military personnel to boost joint operational preparedness for facing the toughest combat situations in a sub-conventional environment under Chapter VII of the United Nations Charter, with training being conducted in a realistic semi-urban terrain, while strengthening ties with a strategic partner”, said a press statement from the French Embassy in New Delhi.

    “Serving as an effective platform for exchanging best practices in tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPS), Exercise SHAKTI will pave the way for deeper cooperation and mutual respect between the French and the Indian armed forces as well as significantly reinforcing the Indo-French defence partnership”, it added.

    The Indo-French Shakti exercise serves as a key platform for enhancing tactical, technical, and procedural synergy between the two nations. Alongside other bilateral defence exercises such as Garuda (Air Forces) and Varuna (Navies), Shakti reflects the evolving and robust strategic partnership between India and France.

    These regular joint exercises are seen as a testament to the nations shared commitment to global peace, security, and stability.

    (IANS)

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Leeds gardener becomes Apprentice of the Year after sowing the seeds of new career

    Source: City of Leeds

    An apprentice gardener dedicated to changing the way people view gardens has won Apprentice of the Year at the North Yorkshire Apprenticeship Awards in the public service category.

    After completing his apprenticeship with Leeds City Council’s parks and green spaces team, he is now working full time for the authority as craft gardener at locations like the historic Kirkstall Abbey.

    Thirty-four-year-old Chris Cole started his horticulture apprenticeship in 2023 after a desire to change career paths and become a professional gardener.

    Chris first discovered he enjoyed gardening when he took up the hobby during lockdown.

    Working for Leeds City Council throughout his apprenticeship, Chris got to work on gardens, cemeteries and parks, always striving to make a difference. At one of the city’s cemeteries he created new flowerbeds, providing a peaceful place for grieving families to visit.

    Alongside his work for the council Chris studied for the Level 2 Horticulture Operative at Askham Bryan College, which he passed with distinction.

    He said: “I am extremely proud of my achievement winning this award, through my apprenticeship I faced quite a number of challenges including the loss of loved ones, an accident with my thumb, planned surgery and the best one of all becoming a father to my daughter.

    “Horticulture has given me a new outlook in life which I can now call a career. I am so glad I decided to take the plunge and start an apprenticeship at 31 years old and achieving a distinction at the end of it I thought was the icing on the cake until winning this award.

    “In future I’d love to further gain more qualifications and continue to improve my skillset.  I am so proud to be one of the gardeners at Kirkstall Abbey and I implore anyone thinking of changing career at a later age to do it.”

    Adele Jagger from Askham Bryan College, who put Chris forward for the award, said: “The enthusiasm and passion that Chris shows towards horticulture and his learning is second to none. He works very hard and wants to make a real change with the work that he does. We’re incredibly proud of his achievement.”

    Councillor Mohammed Rafique, Leeds City Council’s executive member for climate, energy, environment and green space, said: “Our parks and green spaces bring so much joy to the city, and it’s great to see Chris being awarded for the amazing work he has done. We’re pleased to be keeping him on as a craft gardener.”

    Councillor Debra Coupar, Leeds City Council’s deputy leader and executive member for resources, said: “Congratulations to Chris for his amazing achievement. Apprenticeships are a vital way for people to further develop their skills and talents, as well as supporting the local economy and help fill the skills shortages we face in some sectors. We are very proud of all our apprentices and the valuable contribution they make to our council and our city.”

    In July 2024, Leeds City Council earned a place on The Department for Education’s top 100 apprenticeship employers list, published annually to showcase the most outstanding apprenticeship employers from across the UK. Only one other council made the top 100.

    Apprentices earn while they learn, gaining practical skills on the job alongside fully funded study for an accredited qualification. Leeds City Council is a living wage employer, so apprentices of any age are paid at least the Living Wage Foundation minimum rate.

    Read more about apprenticeships with the council at https://jobs.leeds.gov.uk/apprenticeships-council.

    ENDS

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI Russia: Exhibition of SCO countries sculptures “Light of unity in harmony” is held in Qingdao

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    QINGDAO, July 1 (Xinhua) — An exhibition of sculptures by Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) countries titled “Light of Unity in Harmony” opened in Qingdao, east China’s Shandong Province, on Thursday.

    The exhibition, which will run until July 6, features 48 sculptures created by artists from Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Iran and other countries. At the same time, the exhibition also features sculptures by Chinese artists dedicated to cultural figures from India, Tajikistan and other countries.

    A Xinhua reporter saw numerous city residents and tourists visiting the exhibition pavilion, who came here and admired the sculptures. Some stopped for a long time in front of the sculptures, contemplating and thinking intently, while others took pictures together in front of their favorite works.

    The opening of the SCO Sculpture Exhibition, which is the first event of the SCO Summer 2025 program, marks the beginning of the SCO Summer 2025 series of events. During this period, Qingdao will host more than one hundred events in such areas as culture and art, tourism promotion, exhibitions and festivals, education and study, sports and recreation.

    In early July 2024, China assumed the rotating presidency of the SCO for 2024-2025. It was previously announced that the organization’s next summit would be held this fall in the Chinese city of Tianjin. -0-

    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: OLAF supports coordinated crackdown on cross-border counterfeit cigarette network in Italy and Romania

    Source: European Anti-Fraud Offfice

    Press release no 18/2025
    PDF version

    The European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF) played an important coordination role in a large-scale joint operation that dismantled a cross-border criminal network involved in the illicit production and smuggling of counterfeit cigarettes, with estimated evaded duties totalling approximately €9.8 million.

    The network, coordinated by Romanian, Moldovan, and Italian nationals, operated illegal production facilities in both Romania and Italy, with significant quantities of counterfeit tobacco products destined for distribution across the European Union.

    The operation, carried out on 3 June 2025, was the result of extensive intelligence sharing between OLAF, Romanian authorities—including the Economic Crime Investigation Directorate of the General Police Inspectorate (I.G.P.R.), Caraș-Severin County Police (I.P.J. Caraș-Severin), and the Directorate for Investigating Organised Crime and Terrorism (D.I.I.C.O.T.)—and the Italian Guardia di Finanza and Bologna Economic Police Unit.

    In Romania, coordinated searches in Timiș and Arad counties led to the seizure of approximately 25 million cigarettes stored in 2,500 boxes. Four individuals were arrested in Timiș County while handling smuggled goods. Two other suspects were detained by D.I.I.C.O.T. on 4 June.These actions were supported by the Romanian Customs Authority.

    Simultaneously, in Italy, a clandestine cigarette factory was discovered in an industrial area in the Emilia-Romagna region. The site was equipped with high-end machinery for replicating branded packaging. Investigators seized 14 tonnes of counterfeit cigarettes, more than 10 tonnes of unprocessed tobacco, and a large quantity of packaging materials.

    The scale of the illicit operation underscores the financial threat posed to the EU’s budget and legitimate trade. OLAF’s role was instrumental in ensuring swift cross-border cooperation, highlighting its mandate to protect the EU’s financial interests and combat organised fraud. 

    OLAF mission, mandate and competences:
    OLAF’s mission is to detect, investigate and stop fraud with EU funds.    

    OLAF fulfils its mission by:
    •    carrying out independent investigations into fraud and corruption involving EU funds, so as to ensure that all EU taxpayers’ money reaches projects that can create jobs and growth in Europe;
    •    contributing to strengthening citizens’ trust in the EU Institutions by investigating serious misconduct by EU staff and members of the EU Institutions;
    •    developing a sound EU anti-fraud policy.

    In its independent investigative function, OLAF can investigate matters relating to fraud, corruption and other offences affecting the EU financial interests concerning:
    •    all EU expenditure: the main spending categories are Structural Funds, agricultural policy and rural development funds, direct expenditure and external aid;
    •    some areas of EU revenue, mainly customs duties;
    •    suspicions of serious misconduct by EU staff and members of the EU institutions.

    Once OLAF has completed its investigation, it is for the competent EU and national authorities to examine and decide on the follow-up of OLAF’s recommendations. All persons concerned are presumed to be innocent until proven guilty in a competent national or EU court of law.

    For further details:

    Pierluigi CATERINO
    Spokesperson
    European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF)
    Phone: +32(0)2 29-52335  
    Email: olaf-media ec [dot] europa [dot] eu (olaf-media[at]ec[dot]europa[dot]eu)
    https://anti-fraud.ec.europa.eu
    LinkedIn: European Anti-Fraud Office (OLAF)
    X: x.com/EUAntiFraud
    Bluesky: euantifraud.bsky.social

    If you’re a journalist and you wish to receive our press releases in your inbox, please leave us your contact data.

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Security: NATO Secretary General Highlights Industry Partnership in Toulouse Visit

    Source: NATO

    NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte visited Toulouse, France, today (1 July 2025), engaging with Airbus leaders to strengthen ties with the defence industry. Speaking at the Airbus Top Executive Forum, Mr Rutte emphasized the shared goal of ensuring security and prosperity across all NATO nations. “We share the same objective: to ensure the prosperity and security of our economies and societies – across Europe and North America,” he said, stressing the critical need for NATO and industry to work together in a rapidly changing security landscape.

    The Secretary General, welcomed by Airbus CEO Guillaume Faury, addressed the urgent need for enhanced defence capabilities amid growing global threats. “There is no strong defence without a strong defence industry,” he stated, praising Airbus for contributions like the A400M aircraft and the MRTT [in full]. One week after the agreement on a 5% GDP defence spending target reached by Allies at NATO’s Summit in The Hague, he urged the industry to innovate and scale up production to meet NATO’s ambitious capability targets and keep our one billion people safe. 

    Following his address, Secretary General Rutte held a bilateral meeting with CEO Mr Faury and his team, and visited the A321 Final Assembly Line, interacting with Airbus employees. The visit underscores NATO’s commitment to fostering transatlantic industrial cooperation to deliver critical capabilities for the years to come.

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Security: NATO Secretary General Highlights Industry Partnership in Toulouse Visit

    Source: NATO

    NATO Secretary General Mark Rutte visited Toulouse, France, today (1 July 2025), engaging with Airbus leaders to strengthen ties with the defence industry. Speaking at the Airbus Top Executive Forum, Mr Rutte emphasized the shared goal of ensuring security and prosperity across all NATO nations. “We share the same objective: to ensure the prosperity and security of our economies and societies – across Europe and North America,” he said, stressing the critical need for NATO and industry to work together in a rapidly changing security landscape.

    The Secretary General, welcomed by Airbus CEO Guillaume Faury, addressed the urgent need for enhanced defence capabilities amid growing global threats. “There is no strong defence without a strong defence industry,” he stated, praising Airbus for contributions like the A400M aircraft and the MRTT [in full]. One week after the agreement on a 5% GDP defence spending target reached by Allies at NATO’s Summit in The Hague, he urged the industry to innovate and scale up production to meet NATO’s ambitious capability targets and keep our one billion people safe. 

    Following his address, Secretary General Rutte held a bilateral meeting with CEO Mr Faury and his team, and visited the A321 Final Assembly Line, interacting with Airbus employees. The visit underscores NATO’s commitment to fostering transatlantic industrial cooperation to deliver critical capabilities for the years to come.

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Preferred candidate for the role of Standing Advocate

    Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments

    News story

    Preferred candidate for the role of Standing Advocate

    The Lord Chancellor and Secretary of State for Justice has confirmed that Cindy Butts is the preferred candidate for appointment to the role of Standing Advocate.

    The Independent Public Advocate, established by the Victims and Prisoners Act 2024, will be a new statutory office with a permanent Standing Advocate to support victims of major incidents.

    The Standing Advocate will ensure victims of major incidents understand their rights and can access vital emotional and practical support from the outset. The IPA can also advise the government on the type of review that should take place following a major incident. This will help relay victims’ views directly into the heart of government when deciding whether answers need to be sought, lessons need to be learned, and authorities held to account.   

    Cindy Butts has been selected as the preferred candidate for the role of Standing Advocate following a rigorous recruitment process conducted in accordance with the Governance Code on Public Appointments.

    The role, which is regulated by the Commissioner for Public Appointments, is subject to a pre-appointment hearing by the Justice Select Committee. Pre-appointment scrutiny is an important part of the appointment process for some of the most significant public appointments made by Ministers. It is designed to provide an added level of scrutiny to the appointment process.

    Pre-appointment hearings are held in public and allow a Select Committee to take evidence before a candidate is appointed. Ministers consider the Committee’s views before deciding whether to proceed with the appointment.

    Cindy Butts biography

    Cindy Butts is a highly accomplished leader with over 20 years of experience dedicated to enhancing access to justice and tackling inequality. She has held senior roles in complex and sensitive organisations within the criminal justice, policing, and government sectors.

    Cindy chaired the Independent Commission for Equity in Cricket (ICEC), appointed by the ECB, publishing the landmark “Holding up A Mirror to Cricket” report in June 2023.

    She has a comprehensive track record of supporting victims and working with vulnerable people, focussing on putting their needs first.

    Having dedicated her career to public service, Ms Butts brings decades of experience handling high-profile and sensitive issues. This includes as Commissioner at the Independent Police Complaints Commission when they investigated the police response to the Hillsborough disaster. Ms Butts also oversaw the significant transformation of the Metropolitan Police Service in the aftermath of the Stephen Lawrence inquiry, an inquiry prompted by the tragic murder of Stephen Lawrence and a true turning point for justice and equality for victims of crime.

    Currently, she carries out consultancy work in the UK and internationally. Cindy also serves as a Lay Member of the House of Lords Conduct Committee (August 2019-current), where she reviews conduct rules and adjudicates appeals. She is also a Senior Independent Panel Member for public appointment assessment panels in various government departments (April 2004 – Current), providing independent oversight on Non-Executive Director recruitment.

    Updates to this page

    Published 1 July 2025

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Fourth-generation family funeral director recognised at business awards

    Source: City of Winchester


    Winchester City Council has awarded the Millennium Egg to Iain Steel, company director at local funeral director Richard Steel and Partners, at the 2025 Winchester Business Excellence Awards. 

    The Egg recognises individuals and organisations who have made an outstanding contribution to the economy of the district. It was presented to Iain by Winchester City Council Chief Executive Laura Taylor at the award ceremony on Thursday 20 June in Winchester Cathedral. 

    Richard Steel and Partners has been serving Winchester, Bishop’s Waltham, Alresford and Meon Valley for over 160 years, and is one of the region’s longest established family businesses: it is still under family ownership after four generations. The company directly employs over 30 staff and has also remained committed to sourcing services and supplies locally, doing their bit towards helping businesses within their community thrive. 

    Iain first joined the business as a teenager nearly 40 years ago, working alongside his father Richard. Since taking the reins as company director, Iain has led and developed the business, including the use of Chesil House as a prestigious riverside venue for funeral services and family gatherings. The company opened an Alresford office opened in 2021 to better serve families in the Arle and Candover valleys. 

    Iain is an avid supporter of the local community with direct involvement in a number of Winchester charities. As trustee of Winchester Hospice, he took on the challenge of trekking across the Sahara in November 2024, raising money for this local charity – and he also donated to the regeneration of St Maurice’s Covert. 

    This year, he has been instrumental in establishing the inaugural Legacy Action Week in Winchester and is already working on 2026, helping Winchester charities benefit from local bequests in wills.  

    Iain Steel, Company Director at Richard Steel and Partners, said: “Our family business has been serving Winchester and the wider Hampshire community for four generations since 1860.  

    “We are proud to be one of the longest established private businesses in the city to remain in the same family ownership, and recognition of our work within the local community means everything to everyone associated with our company, both current and former staff. Each generation has dedicated themselves to helping the city, both professionally and through charitable and community involvement”. 

    Laura Taylor, Chief Executive of Winchester City Council, said: “It is an honour to present our lifetime achievement award to Iain Steel of Richard Steel and partners, a fourth-generation family business that has been a mainstay of the Winchester district economy for over 160 years, serving our residents across the district, from Bishop’s Waltham to Alresford and between. 

    “Not only committed to providing compassionate and exceptional care in the business, using local suppliers where possible, Iain is well known for his commitment to the local community, with active involvement in a number of Winchester charities including St John’s Ambulance, Trinity Winchester and Winchester Hospice, as well as being Chair of Winchester Theatre Trust. 

    “Iain and his team are a valued addition to our district’s business community and the way in which they serve our residents – with compassion, professionalism and dedication to the community – make them a truly worthy recipient of this year’s award.” 

    The Millennium Egg, a crafted ornament, was originally donated to the council by Jeremy France of Jeremy France Jewellers. 

    The annual Winchester Business Excellence Awards are organised by the Hampshire Chronicle in association with Winchester Business Improvement District (BID) and Hampshire Chamber of Commerce. 

    Winchester City Council also sponsored the Sustainable Business Award which was presented on the night to Stem and Green Flower Farm by the Leader of the council, Councillor Martin Tod.  

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Oldbury turbine hall free of electrical hazards

    Source: United Kingdom – Government Statements

    News story

    Oldbury turbine hall free of electrical hazards

    A complex decommissioning project to cut over 750 electrical cables to isolate Oldbury site’s turbine hall power supply has been safely completed.

    Oldbury cable cutting team in the turbine hall

    Pioneering innovation enabled the team to cut 356 electrical cables inside the tunnels between the turbine hall and reactor building of the redundant nuclear power station over two weekends – reducing work time by 91%. This was achieved by disconnecting the site’s entire power supply to remove the risk of cutting through a live cable and the need to trace each cable to its source.

    Wider safety measures avoided work near to potential asbestos which eliminated the need for scaffolding and prevented work in confined spaces or close to degrading assets.

    John Alderton, Oldbury Site Director, commented:

    I’m incredibly proud of how everyone collaborated to deliver this project safely and successfully. It’s a great example of how innovation and creative thinking can solve long-standing challenges. By learning from previous cable cutting campaigns and applying those insights to a new strategy, the team has truly transformed the way we work and set a new benchmark for the industry.

    The learning from this innovative method of bulk cable cutting can be applied to any area of decommissioning in the right circumstances. It took 18 months to complete over 2,000 cable cuts in challenging environments and declare the building free of electrical hazards following a period of verification.

    Adam Bird, Oldbury Site Senior Project Engineer, said:

    Delivering this solution has been a great challenge that has really stretched our ways of thinking – not only within the team but with others on site too.

    Now that the turbine hall has been isolated, we are looking forward to commencing bulk asbestos removal, followed by de-planting of the building. The turbine hall, welfare area and administration complex will then be demolished – clearing a four-acre footprint ready for its next use.

    Heather Barton, NDA Head of Performance Improvement, added:

    Learning from each other across the NDA group remains to be a critical enabler to deliver our mission.

    It presents us with opportunities such as this where we can look at how this could be replicated elsewhere across our estate, and where we can present ourselves with more opportunities to challenge the norm.

    These shared and mutual benefits can truly be realised across our group, bringing innovation, collaboration, and joint solutions to our common challenges, enhancing every business in our group.

    Tom Eagleton, the Office for Nuclear Regulation’s (ONR) Head of Safety Regulation for decommissioning, fuel and waste sites, commented:

    ONR was pleased to support the approach taken by NRS to de-cabling at Oldbury. 

    The method used at the site delivered significant safety benefits to the workers involved, including reducing potential exposure to asbestos and elimination of risks associated with inadvertently cutting live cables. 

    As an enabling regulator, we will always be open to holding discussions with licensees and dutyholders about novel and innovative approaches, providing they are safe and do not compromise worker or public safety.

    Over its lifetime Oldbury generated 137.5 terawatt hours of low carbon electricity – enough to power one million homes for over 20 years.  The site was shut down in February 2012 after 44 years of safe operation.

    This most recent NRS achievement follows on from the successful de-plant and demolition of the turbine hall and adjoining structures at Sizewell A site in Suffolk. Learning from the Sizewell project is helping plans to deliver similar work at Oldbury site.

    Updates to this page

    Published 1 July 2025

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Europass: 20 years of helping people learn and work in Europe

    Source: European Union 2

    Today we celebrate 20 years of Europass, the online platform that has been helping millions of people in Europe plan their learning and career. Find out more about the free set of online tools that Europass offers and about how National Europass Centres are celebrating this special anniversary.

    MIL OSI Europe News –