Category: Horticulture

MIL-OSI USA: ICYMI: De La Cruz Hosts Press Conference on Securing Texas Water

Source: United States House of Representatives – Monica De La Cruz (TX-15)

On President Trump’s 100th day in office, Congresswoman Monica De La Cruz (TX-15) held a press conference with local officials, including Hidalgo County Judge Richard Cortez, and South Texas agriculture leaders, including Dale Murden. De La Cruz praised the Trump Administration’s announcement to ensure the Mexican Government makes water deliveries and shared her continued work to ensure Mexico delivers water to South Texas.

Following the press conference, De La Cruz shared videos thanking President Trump, U.S. Department of Agriculture Secretary Brooke Rollins, and U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio for their work on this critical issue.

De La Cruz holds press conference to celebrate major steps toward securing the water Texas agriculture is owed by the Mexican Government with Texas farmers (from Left to Right Tommy Jendrusch of Jendrusch Farms, Mike Davis of Tex Mex Sales, Russon Holbrook of South Tex Organics, Sam Ruiz of Mid Valley Agriculture, Tommy Hanka of Tommy Hanka Farms, Dennis Holbrook of South Tex Organics, Jud Flowers of Lone Star Citrus Growers, Bret Erickson of Little Bear Produce, Dante Galeazzi of Texas International Produce Association).

De La Cruz’s remarks as prepared are below.

“This announcement is a victory for our community, our farmers, and our families.

I am deeply grateful to our local business leaders, our city officials, and to President Trump and his administration for working with me on such a vital issue for South Texas families.

For more than 80 years, long before I arrived in Congress, this community faced a crisis of water.

That’s why one of the first resolutions I passed in the House strongly supported diplomatic pressure to ensure the Mexican government fulfills its water obligations every single year.

And before President Trump even took office, I sent a letter, with many members of the Texas delegation, urging him to hold the Mexican government accountable.

When I met with the President in the Oval Office in February, he was shocked to hear what South Texas families have endured for decades and he assured me that he would act swiftly.

Last month, I proudly stood with Secretary Rollins to announce $280 million in critical relief, funding I helped secure through the American Relief Act, that will be deployed directly to Texas farmers.

After years of being told nothing could be done, we are standing strong and delivering for our community.

And today, I am proud to announce: the Mexican government has agreed to deliver up to 420,000 acre-feet of water between now and October.

This is a major step forward, but it’s not just about agriculture.

This fight affects every South Texas family because every one of us needs water.

Texas is one of America’s largest agricultural producers. If we lose Texas fruit and vegetable crops, the consequences would be devastating – not just for South Texas, but for families across the entire country. I will never let that happen. I will continue fighting every day to protect our farmers, our families, and our future.

It is the honor of my life to serve as the Valley’s voice in Congress. This is where I was born. It’s where I grew up. And it’s where we are raising our families.

My team and I will always listen to you, and we will always fight hard to solve our problems. This is just the beginning.

The best is yet to come. God bless!”

MIL OSI USA News –

May 1, 2025
MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Roundtable to help turbo-charge Scotland’s agriculture industry
Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments

News story

Roundtable to help turbo-charge Scotland’s agriculture industry

Scotland Office Minister Kirsty McNeill to hear from sector experts on barriers to growth in the Scottish agri-food supply chain
Leading members of Scotland’s agriculture sector will join the UK and Scottish Governments in Edinburgh today (April 30) to investigate key issues facing the agri-food supply chain – and help identify potential solutions.

Minister McNeill pledged to host a food and farming roundtable with industry when she attended the NFU Scotland (NFUS) conference earlier this year.

The Minister will be joined by Defra and Department for Business and Trade representatives as well as Scottish Government Agriculture Minister, Jim Fairlie

It’s part of ongoing extensive engagement with a sector crucial to the UK Government’s Plan for Change to deliver security and renewal by kick-starting economic growth to create jobs, put more money in working people’s pockets, boost economic growth and improve living standards right across the UK, including rural communities which are vital to feeding the UK and achieving net zero.

Up for discussion will be: immigration and access to labour; fairness in the supply chain; and supporting economic growth.

While the topics for discussion are policy areas reserved to the UK Government, agriculture is almost entirely devolved to the Scottish Government.

UK Government Scotland Office Minister Kirsty McNeill said:

Food and farming are vital to the country and this is an important opportunity for the industry and government to discuss issues and identify creative solutions.

There is much we can and are doing for the sector through the UK Government’s Plan for Change to turbo-charge economic growth and deliver a decade of national renewal and opportunity for all. But I appreciate that there are a number of highly complex issues facing Scottish agriculture and I look forward to a constructive discussion.

We will continue to engage with this vital industry and we will continue to strengthen relations with the Scottish Government, respecting the fact that agriculture policy is largely devolved.

Scottish Government Agriculture Minister Jim Fairlie said:

The Scottish Government is committed to supporting our agriculture sector in sustainable food production whilst also contributing to nature and climate targets. We are reforming how we support farming and food production, towards our Vision for Agriculture for Scotland to become a global leader in sustainable and regenerative agriculture.

Recent and ongoing global events show the fragility of food security, and we are taking action to improve Scotland’s food resilience and strengthen our supply chains. We will continue to work with the UK Government and across the sector to monitor the threats to the supply chain and mitigate against future shocks and impacts on food security.

NFU Scotland President Andrew Connon said:

NFU Scotland is pleased to attend the Scotland Office Food and Farming Roundtable this week and represent our members across the country. We will be discussing important issues such as barriers to growth, seasonal workers and immigration and fairness in the supply chain – each critical for a profitable and sustainable future agricultural sector in Scotland.

We look forward to underlining the importance of farmers and crofters to the food and drink industry and to rural communities and hearing what actions the UK Government will take to help address the issues seriously impacting our sector currently.

The Scottish food and drink manufacturing sector has grown by more than 35% over the last decade and now contributes £5.2 billion to the Scottish economy, while accounting for over one third of Scotland’s manufacturing turnover.

Office for National Statistics data, analysed by the Food and Drink Federation, also showed that the industry provides around 47,000 jobs in Scotland’s 1,220 food and drink businesses.

Industry attendees expected at Queen Elizabeth House are:
NFUS
Quality Meat Scotland
Scottish Crofters’ Federation
Scotland Food & Drink
Food and Drink Federation
Scottish Association of Meat Wholesalers
Agricultural Industries Confederation
Aberdeen & Northern Marts Group
James Hutton Institute
SRUC
Scottish Agricultural Organisation Society
Angus Growers
Scottish Land & Estates
Food & Agriculture Stakeholder Taskforce
Scottish Tenant Farmers’ Association

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Published 30 April 2025
MIL OSI United Kingdom –
April 30, 2025
MIL-OSI: Growers Edge Raises $25M to Build First Full-Service Fintech Platform for Agriculture

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

JOHNSTON, Iowa, April 29, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Growers Edge, which provides modern financial products and data-driven tools for agricultural retailers, manufacturers, and lenders, today announced a first close of a new financing round. The round was co-led by S2G Investments, Cibus Capital, and Lowercarbon Capital, with additional participation by Otter Creek, iSelect, and Jeff Ubben, founder of ValueAct Capital.

The new funding will enable Growers Edge to scale its financial solutions and expand its reach with more ag retailers and lenders, while driving greater adoption of climate-smart agricultural products and practices across the U.S.

“This milestone is a testament to the creativity and tenacity of our incredible team,” said Matt Hansen, CEO of Growers Edge. “They’re the true innovators who continue to transform complex challenges into real-world solutions for growers, retailers, and lenders.”

Growers Edge offers a suite of financial products that reduce risk and promote ag innovation, including its Crop Plan Warranty Program, land and climate intelligence solutions, digital mortgage lending products, and input lending tools. As a full-service fintech platform, Growers Edge delivers data-backed products that help agricultural businesses reduce risk and drive growth.

“Growers Edge is tackling one of the most critical barriers to agricultural innovation – financial risk,” said Ubben. “Their solutions provide ag retailers, lenders, and growers with the critical tools they need to embrace sustainability at scale, creating a clear path to profitability and innovation.”

The company partners directly with manufacturers, retailers, and industry groups to help growers adopt innovative practices with confidence, and has worked with five of the top ten largest ag retailers and leading organizations, including Nutrien, PepsiCo, Mondelez, Helena Agri-Enterprises, and The Nature Conservancy.

“Cibus is excited to invest in Growers Edge, who are leading the financial digital disruption of US agriculture with a focus on enabling sustainable farming practices,” said Alastair Cooper, Partner and Head of Venture at Cibus Capital.

“Farmers want what’s best for their land. But too often, the risk of trying something new means sticking with business as usual,” said Eric Helfgott, Principal at Lowercarbon Capital, known for investing in “better, faster, and cheaper” technologies that also significantly reduce carbon emissions. “By enabling new, sustainable ag practices without the financial risk, Growers Edge is helping climate-smart farming take root.”

The investment follows several recent milestones for Growers Edge, including acquiring AQUAOSO Technologies, expanding its farmland valuation tool to over 144 million acres, and surpassing one million acres protected through its Crop Plan Warranty program.

For more information, visit www.growersedge.com.

About Growers Edge

Growers Edge provides modern financial products and data-driven tools that help forward-thinking agriculture retailers, manufacturers, and lenders reduce their growers’ risks and costs when adopting newer innovative solutions and practices. The company’s crop plan warranty and input financing solutions are trusted by dozens of retailers and manufacturers to assist hundreds of growers affordably purchase their products and guarantee yields on over one million acres of cropland. For more information, visit growersedge.com.

John Strackhouse, Vice Chairman of Caldwell, led the recruitment for the CEO of Growers Edge.

About S2G Investments

S2G is a multi-stage investment firm focused on venture and growth-stage businesses across food & agriculture, oceans, and energy. The firm provides capital and value-added resources to companies and leadership teams pursuing market-based solutions designed to deliver greater value, improved outcomes, and enhanced performance over traditional alternatives. With a commitment to creating long-term, measurable outcomes, S2G structures flexible capital solutions that can range from venture funding through growth equity to debt and infrastructure financing. For more information about S2G, visit s2ginvestments.com.

About Cibus Capital LLP

Cibus Capital LLP is the London-based investment advisor to the Cibus funds. The Cibus funds partner with food and agriculture companies that provide investors with a risk-adjusted return on capital and a sustainable competitive advantage. Cibus has raised over USD 1bn to invest in two strategies: mid-market growth/buyout investments in food production and processing businesses and late-stage agrifood technology companies. For more information, visit cibusfund.com.

About Lowercarbon Capital

Lowercarbon Capital is a multibillion-dollar venture capital firm founded by Chris and Crystal Sacca that backs kickass companies making real money slashing CO2 emissions, sucking carbon out of the sky, and buying us time to unf**k the planet. For more information, visit www.lowercarboncapital.com.

The MIL Network –

April 30, 2025
MIL-OSI China: Chinese vice-premier calls on SCO members to enhance cooperation in health sector

Source: People’s Republic of China Ministry of Health

XI’AN — Chinese Vice-Premier Liu Guozhong on Monday called on the member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) to enhance cooperation in the health sector.

He made the remarks during his address at the opening ceremony of the eighth SCO Health Ministers’ Meeting in Xi’an, Northwest China’s Shaanxi province.

Noting that the health sector is an important area for SCO cooperation, Liu, also a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee, said the vision of building an SCO community of health, put forward by the Chinese head of state, has offered important guidelines for member states to deepen practical cooperation in the field.

Fruitful results have been achieved in jointly safeguarding public health security, deepening exchanges on disease prevention and control technologies, advancing medical science and technology cooperation, and promoting the preservation, innovation and development of traditional medicine, according to Liu.

He emphasized that relevant parties should focus on practical cooperation to jointly promote the development of the health sector and drive progress in medical science and technology through openness and innovation. He added that strengthening people-to-people exchanges and upholding multilateralism are also essential.

World Health Organization Director-General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus delivered a video address while SCO Secretary-General Nurlan Yermekbayev gave a speech at the opening ceremony.

Liu met with key international representatives ahead of the opening ceremony.

MIL OSI China News –

April 29, 2025

MIL-OSI: CVR Energy Reports First Quarter 2025 Results

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

First quarter net loss attributable to CVR Energy stockholders of $123 million; EBITDA loss of $61 million; adjusted EBITDA of $24 million
First quarter loss per diluted share of $1.22 and adjusted loss per diluted share of 58 cents
CVR Energy will not pay a cash dividend for the first quarter of 2025
CVR Partners announced a cash distribution of $2.26 per common unit

SUGAR LAND, Texas, April 28, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — CVR Energy, Inc. (NYSE: CVI, “CVR Energy” or the “Company”) today announced first quarter 2025 net loss attributable to CVR Energy stockholders of $123 million, or $1.22 per diluted share, compared to first quarter 2024 net income attributable to CVR Energy stockholders of $82 million, or 81 cents per diluted share. Adjusted loss for the first quarter of 2025 was 58 cents per diluted share, compared to adjusted earnings per diluted share of 4 cents in the first quarter of 2024. Net loss for the first quarter of 2025 was $105 million, compared to net income of $90 million in the first quarter of 2024. First quarter 2025 EBITDA loss was $61 million, compared to first quarter 2024 EBITDA of $203 million. Adjusted EBITDA for the first quarter of 2025 was $24 million, compared to adjusted EBITDA of $99 million in the first quarter of 2024.

“CVR Energy’s 2025 first quarter earnings results for its refining business were impacted by planned and unplanned downtime at the Coffeyville refinery,” said Dave Lamp, CVR Energy’s Chief Executive Officer. “With the turnaround at Coffeyville now completed, we are well-positioned for the upcoming driving season, and we currently have no planned turnarounds at either refinery until 2027.

“CVR Partners achieved solid operating results for the first quarter of 2025, with a combined ammonia production rate of 101 percent,” Lamp said. “CVR Partners was pleased to declare a first quarter 2025 cash distribution of $2.26 per common unit.”

Petroleum Segment

The Petroleum Segment reported a first quarter 2025 net loss of $160 million and EBITDA loss of $119 million, compared to net income of $127 million and EBITDA of $171 million for the first quarter of 2024. Adjusted EBITDA loss for the Petroleum Segment was $30 million for the first quarter of 2025, compared to adjusted EBITDA of $67 million for the first quarter of 2024.

Combined total throughput for the first quarter of 2025 was approximately 120,000 barrels per day (“bpd”) compared to approximately 196,000 bpd of combined total throughput for the first quarter of 2024. The decrease in throughput was primarily due to the turnaround at the Coffeyville, Kansas, refinery during the first quarter of 2025.

Refining margin for the first quarter of 2025 was $(5) million, or (42) cents per total throughput barrel, compared to $290 million, or $16.29 per total throughput barrel, during the same period in 2024. Included in our first quarter 2025 refining margin were unfavorable mark-to-market impacts on our outstanding Renewable Fuel Standard (“RFS”) obligation of $112 million, favorable unrealized derivative impacts of $3 million primarily related to Canadian crude oil positions, and favorable inventory valuation impacts of $20 million. Excluding these items, adjusted refining margin for the first quarter of 2025 was $7.72 per barrel, compared to an adjusted refining margin per barrel of $10.46 for the first quarter of 2024. The decrease in adjusted refining margin per barrel was primarily due to a decrease in the Group 3 2-1-1 crack spread.

Renewables Segment

Effective beginning with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2024, and due to the prominence of the renewables business relative to the Company’s overall 2024 performance, we revised our reportable segments to reflect a new reportable segment: Renewables. The Renewables Segment includes the operations of the renewable diesel unit and renewable feedstock pretreater at the refinery in Wynnewood, Oklahoma.

The Renewables Segment reported first quarter 2025 net income of less than $1 million and EBITDA of $6 million, compared to net loss of $10 million and EBITDA loss of $4 million for the first quarter of 2024. Adjusted EBITDA for the Renewables Segment was $3 million for the first quarter of 2025, compared to adjusted EBITDA loss of $5 million for the first quarter of 2024.

Total vegetable oil throughput for the first quarter of 2025 was approximately 156,000 gallons per day (“gpd”), compared to approximately 76,000 gpd for the first quarter of 2024.

Renewables margin was $16 million, or $1.13 per vegetable oil throughput gallon, for the first quarter of 2025 compared to $4 million, or 65 cents per vegetable oil throughput gallon, for the first quarter of 2024. Factors contributing to our first quarter 2025 renewables margin were higher net sales of $33 million resulting from increased production and sales volumes in the current period coupled with increased D4 RIN and LCFS credit prices, partially offset by a decrease in average CARB ULSD prices of 26 cents per gallon. Higher net sales were partially offset by higher cost of sales of $22 million due to an increase in throughput and production volumes.

Nitrogen Fertilizer Segment

The Nitrogen Fertilizer Segment reported net income of $27 million and EBITDA of $53 million on net sales of $143 million for the first quarter of 2025, compared to net income of $13 million and EBITDA of $40 million on net sales of $128 million for the first quarter of 2024.

Production at CVR Partners, LP’s (“CVR Partners”) fertilizer facilities increased compared to the first quarter of 2024, producing a combined 216,000 tons of ammonia during the first quarter of 2025, of which 64,000 net tons were available for sale while the rest was upgraded to other fertilizer products, including 348,000 tons of urea ammonia nitrate (“UAN”). During the first quarter of 2024, the fertilizer facilities produced a combined 193,000 tons of ammonia, of which 60,000 net tons were available for sale while the remainder was upgraded to other fertilizer products, including 305,000 tons of UAN.

For the first quarter 2025, average realized gate prices for ammonia showed an increase compared to the prior year, up 5 percent to $554 per ton, and UAN was down 4 percent over the prior year to $256 per ton. Average realized gate prices for ammonia and UAN were $528 and $267 per ton, respectively, for the first quarter of 2024.

Corporate and Other

The Company reported an income tax benefit of $49 million, or 31.8 percent of loss before income taxes, for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to an income tax expense of $17 million, or 15.9 percent of income before income taxes, for the three months ended March 31, 2024. The decrease in income tax expense was primarily due to a decrease in overall pretax earnings while the change in the effective tax rate was primarily due to changes in pretax earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest and the impact of federal and state tax credits and incentives in relation to overall pretax earnings.

Cash, Debt and Dividend

Consolidated cash and cash equivalents were $695 million at March 31, 2025, a decrease of $292 million from December 31, 2024. Consolidated total debt and finance lease obligations were $1.9 billion at March 31, 2025, including $570 million held by the Nitrogen Fertilizer Segment.

CVR Energy will not pay a cash dividend for the first quarter of 2025.

Today, CVR Partners announced that the Board of Directors of its general partner declared a first quarter 2025 cash distribution of $2.26 per common unit, which will be paid on May 19, 2025, to common unitholders of record as of May 12, 2025.

First Quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call

CVR Energy previously announced that it will host its first quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call on Tuesday, April 29, at 1 p.m. Eastern. The Earnings Conference Call may also include discussion of Company developments, forward-looking information and other material information about business and financial matters.

The first quarter 2025 Earnings Conference Call will be webcast live and can be accessed on the Investor Relations section of CVR Energy’s website at www.CVREnergy.com. For investors or analysts who want to participate during the call, the dial-in number is (877) 407-8291. The webcast will be archived and available for 14 days at https://edge.media-server.com/mmc/p/uxpz7jf5. A repeat of the call also can be accessed for 14 days by dialing (877) 660-6853, conference ID 13752979.

Forward-Looking Statements
This news release may contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Statements concerning current estimates, expectations and projections about future results, performance, prospects, opportunities, plans, actions and events and other statements, concerns, or matters that are not historical facts are “forward-looking statements,” as that term is defined under the federal securities laws. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding future: continued safe and reliable operations; drivers of our results; EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA; impacts of planned and unplanned downtime; our position for the upcoming driving season; timing of turnarounds and impacts thereof on our results; asset utilization, capture, production volume, throughput, product yield and crude oil gathering rates, including the factors impacting same; cash flow generation; operating income and net sales, including the factors impacting same; refining margin; crack spreads, including the drivers thereof; impact of costs to comply with the RFS and revaluation of our RFS liability; inventory levels and valuation impacts; derivative gains and losses and the drivers thereof; renewable feedstocks; production rates and operations capabilities of our renewable diesel unit, including the ability to return to hydrocarbon service; demand trends; RIN generation levels; benefits of our corporate transformation to segregate our renewables business; access to capital and new partnerships; RIN pricing, including its impact on performance and the Company’s ability to offset the impact thereof; LCFS credit and CARB ULSD pricing; carbon capture and decarbonization initiatives; demand for refined products; ammonia and UAN pricing; global fertilizer industry conditions; grain prices; crop inventory levels; crop and planting levels; production levels and utilization at our nitrogen fertilizer facilities; nitrogen fertilizer sales volumes; ability to and levels to which we upgrade ammonia to other fertilizer products, including UAN; income tax expense and benefits, including the drivers thereof; pretax earnings and our effective tax rate; the availability and impact of tax credits and incentives; use of proceeds under our debt instruments; debt levels; cash and cash equivalent levels; dividends and distributions, including the timing, payment and amount (if any) thereof; direct operating expenses, capital expenditures, depreciation and amortization; turnaround expense; cash reserves; labor supply shortages, difficulties, disputes or strikes, including the impact thereof; and other matters. You can generally identify forward-looking statements by our use of forward-looking terminology such as “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “explore,” “evaluate,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “potential,” “predict,” “seek,” “should,” or “will,” or the negative thereof or other variations thereon or comparable terminology. These forward-looking statements are only predictions and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. Investors are cautioned that various factors may affect these forward-looking statements, including (among others) the health and economic effects of any pandemic, demand for fossil fuels and price volatility of crude oil, other feedstocks and refined products; the ability of Company to pay cash dividends and of CVR Partners to make cash distributions; potential operating hazards; costs of compliance with existing or new laws and regulations and potential liabilities arising therefrom; impacts of the planting season on CVR Partners; our controlling shareholder’s intention regarding ownership of our common stock or CVR Partners’ common units; general economic and business conditions; political disturbances, geopolitical instability and tensions; existing and future laws, rulings, policies and regulations, including the reinterpretation or amplification thereof by regulators, and including but not limited to those relating to the environment, climate change, and/or the production, transportation, or storage of hazardous chemicals, materials, or substances, like ammonia; political uncertainty and impacts to the oil and gas industry and the United States economy generally as a result of actions taken by a new administration, including the imposition of tariffs or changes in climate or other energy laws, rules, regulations, or policies; impacts of plant outages; potential operating hazards from accidents, fires, severe weather, tornadoes, floods, wildfires, or other natural disasters; and other risks. For additional discussion of risk factors which may affect our results, please see the risk factors and other disclosures included in our most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K, any subsequently filed Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and our other Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings. These and other risks may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. Given these risks and uncertainties, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on such forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements included in this news release are made only as of the date hereof. CVR Energy disclaims any intention or obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except to the extent required by law.

About CVR Energy, Inc.
Headquartered in Sugar Land, Texas, CVR Energy is a diversified holding company primarily engaged in the renewable fuels and petroleum refining and marketing business, as well as in the nitrogen fertilizer manufacturing business through its interest in CVR Partners. CVR Energy subsidiaries serve as the general partner and own 37 percent of the common units of CVR Partners.

Investors and others should note that CVR Energy may announce material information using SEC filings, press releases, public conference calls, webcasts and the Investor Relations page of its website. CVR Energy may use these channels to distribute material information about the Company and to communicate important information about the Company, corporate initiatives and other matters. Information that CVR Energy posts on its website could be deemed material; therefore, CVR Energy encourages investors, the media, its customers, business partners and others interested in the Company to review the information posted on its website.

Contact Information:

Investor Relations
Richard Roberts
(281) 207-3205
InvestorRelations@CVREnergy.com

Media Relations
Brandee Stephens
(281) 207-3516
MediaRelations@CVREnergy.com

Non-GAAP Measures

Our management uses certain non-GAAP performance measures, and reconciliations to those measures, to evaluate current and past performance and prospects for the future to supplement our financial information presented in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). These non-GAAP financial measures are important factors in assessing our operating results and profitability and include the performance and liquidity measures defined below.

As a result of continuing volatile market conditions and the impacts certain non-cash items may have on the evaluation of our operations and results, the Company began disclosing the Adjusted Refining Margin non-GAAP measure, as defined below, in the second quarter of 2024. We believe the presentation of this non-GAAP measure is meaningful to compare our operating results between periods and better aligns with our peer companies. All prior periods presented have been conformed to the definition below.

The following are non-GAAP measures we present for the periods ended March 31, 2025 and 2024:

EBITDA – Consolidated net income (loss) before (i) interest expense, net, (ii) income tax expense (benefit) and (iii) depreciation and amortization expense.

Petroleum EBITDA, Renewables EBITDA, and Nitrogen Fertilizer EBITDA – Segment net income (loss) before segment (i) interest expense, net, (ii) income tax expense (benefit), and (iii) depreciation and amortization.

Refining Margin – The difference between our Petroleum Segment net sales and cost of materials and other.

Adjusted Refining Margin – Refining Margin adjusted for certain significant noncash items and items that management believes are not attributable to or indicative of our underlying operational results of the period or that may obscure results and trends we deem useful.

Refining Margin and Adjusted Refining Margin, per Throughput Barrel – Refining Margin and Adjusted Refining Margin divided by the total throughput barrels during the period, which is calculated as total throughput barrels per day times the number of days in the period.

Direct Operating Expenses per Throughput Barrel – Direct operating expenses for our Petroleum Segment divided by total throughput barrels for the period, which is calculated as total throughput barrels per day times the number of days in the period.

Renewables Margin – The difference between our Renewables Segment net sales and cost of materials and other.

Adjusted Renewables Margin – Renewables Margin adjusted for certain significant noncash items and items that management believes are not attributable to or indicative of our underlying operational results of the period or that may obscure results and trends we deem useful.

Renewables Margin and Adjusted Renewables Margin, per Vegetable Oil Throughput Gallon – Renewables Margin and Adjusted Renewables Margin divided by the total vegetable oil throughput gallons for the period, which is calculated as total vegetable oil throughput gallons per day times the number of days in the period.

Direct Operating Expenses per Vegetable Oil Throughput Gallon – Direct operating expenses for our Renewables Segment divided by total vegetable oil throughput gallons for the period, which is calculated as total vegetable oil throughput gallons per day times the number of days in the period.

Adjusted EBITDA, Petroleum Adjusted EBITDA, Renewables Adjusted EBITDA, and Nitrogen Fertilizer Adjusted EBITDA – EBITDA, Petroleum EBITDA, Renewables EBITDA, and Nitrogen Fertilizer EBITDA adjusted for certain significant non-cash items and items that management believes are not attributable to or indicative of our underlying operational results of the period or that may obscure results and trends we deem useful.

Adjusted Earnings (Loss) per Share – Earnings (loss) per share adjusted for certain significant non-cash items and items that management believes are not attributable to or indicative of our on-going operations or that may obscure our underlying results and trends.

Free Cash Flow – Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities less capital expenditures and capitalized turnaround expenditures.

We present these measures because we believe they may help investors, analysts, lenders and ratings agencies analyze our results of operations and liquidity in conjunction with our U.S. GAAP results, including but not limited to our operating performance as compared to other publicly traded companies in the refining and fertilizer industries, without regard to historical cost basis or financing methods and our ability to incur and service debt and fund capital expenditures. Non-GAAP measures have important limitations as analytical tools, because they exclude some, but not all, items that affect net earnings and operating income. These measures should not be considered substitutes for their most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures. See “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” included herein for reconciliation of these amounts. Due to rounding, numbers presented within this section may not add or equal to numbers or totals presented elsewhere within this document.

Factors Affecting Comparability of Our Financial Results

Petroleum Segment

Our results of operations for the periods presented may not be comparable with prior periods or to our results of operations in the future due to capitalized expenditures as part of planned turnarounds. Total capitalized expenditures were $166 million and $39 million during the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024, respectively.

CVR Energy, Inc.
(all information in this release is unaudited)

Consolidated Statement of Operations Data

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions, except per share data)		2025			2024
Net sales	$	1,646		$	1,863
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of materials and other		1,517			1,463
Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		154			164
Depreciation and amortization		66			75
Cost of sales		1,737			1,702
Selling, general and administrative expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		37			36
Depreciation and amortization		2			1
Loss on asset disposal		1			1
Operating (loss) income		(131	)		123
Other (expense) income:
Interest expense, net		(25	)		(20	)
Other income, net		2			4
(Loss) income before income tax benefit		(154	)		107
Income tax (benefit) expense		(49	)		17
Net (loss) income		(105	)		90
Less: Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest		18			8
Net (loss) income attributable to CVR Energy stockholders	$	(123	)	$	82

Basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share	$	(1.22	)	$	0.81
Dividends declared per share	$	—		$	0.50

Adjusted (loss) earnings per share *	$	(0.58	)	$	0.04
EBITDA *	$	(61	)	$	203
Adjusted EBITDA *	$	24		$	99

Weighted-average common shares outstanding – basic and diluted		100.5			100.5

_______________
* See “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” section below.

Selected Consolidated Balance Sheet Data

(in millions)	March 31, 2025		December 31, 2024
Cash and cash equivalents	$	695	$	987
Working capital (inclusive of cash and cash equivalents)		395		726
Total assets		4,251		4,263
Total debt and finance lease obligations, including current portion		1,918		1,919
Total liabilities		3,480		3,375
Total CVR stockholders’ equity		580		703

Selected Consolidated Cash Flow Data

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)		2025			2024
Net cash used in:
Operating activities	$	(195	)	$	177
Investing activities		(82	)		(55	)
Financing activities		(15	)		(664	)
Net decrease in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	(292	)	$	(542	)

Free cash flow *	$	(285	)	$	121

_______________
* See “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” section below.

Selected Segment Data

	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025										2024
(in millions)	Petroleum			Renewables		Nitrogen Fertilizer		Consolidated			Petroleum		Renewables			Nitrogen Fertilizer		Consolidated
Net sales	$	1,477		$	66	$	143	$	1,646		$	1,722	$	33		$	128	$	1,863
Operating (loss) income		(161	)		—		35		(131	)		118		(10	)		20		123
Net (loss) income		(160	)		—		27		(105	)		127		(10	)		13		90
EBITDA *		(119	)		6		53		(61	)		171		(4	)		40		203

Capital expenditures ⁽¹⁾
Maintenance	$	41		$	—	$	4	$	45		$	22	$	1		$	5	$	30
Growth		8			—		2		10			14		7			—		21
Total capital expenditures	$	49		$	—	$	6	$	55		$	36	$	8		$	5	$	51

_______________
* See “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” section below.
(1) Capital expenditures are shown exclusive of capitalized turnaround expenditures.

Selected Balance Sheet Data

	March 31, 2025								December 31, 2024
(in millions)	Petroleum		Renewables		Nitrogen Fertilizer		Consolidated		Petroleum		Renewables		Nitrogen Fertilizer		Consolidated
Cash and cash equivalents ⁽¹⁾	$	434	$	20	$	122	$	695	$	735	$	13	$	91	$	987
Total assets		3,297		422		1,014		4,251		3,288		420		1,019		4,263
Total debt and finance lease obligations, including current portion ⁽²⁾		352		—		570		1,918		354		—		569		1,919

_______________
(1) Corporate cash and cash equivalents consisted of $119 million and $148 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.
(2) Corporate total debt and finance lease obligations, including current portion consisted of $996 million and $996 million at March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively.

Petroleum Segment

Key Operating Metrics per Total Throughput Barrel

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)		2025			2024
Refining margin *	$	(0.42	)	$	16.29
Adjusted refining margin *		7.72			10.46
Direct operating expenses *		8.58			5.78

_______________
* See “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” section below.

Refining Throughput and Production Data by Refinery

Throughput Data	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in bpd)		2025	2024
Coffeyville
Gathered crude		26,728	62,405
Other domestic		12,348	45,925
Canadian		640	9,532
Condensate		—	7,700
Other feedstocks and blendstocks		6,330	12,569
Wynnewood
Gathered crude		58,420	43,059
Other domestic		573	—
Condensate		10,152	10,262
Other feedstocks and blendstocks		5,186	4,340
Total throughput		120,377	195,792

Production Data	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in bpd)		2025		2024
Coffeyville
Gasoline		18,940		72,723
Distillate		20,233		56,007
Other liquid products		6,324		4,554
Solids		1,321		4,980
Wynnewood
Gasoline		39,740		31,984
Distillate		24,948		19,166
Other liquid products		5,058		5,563
Solids		11		6
Total production		116,575		194,983

Crude utilization ⁽¹⁾		52.7	%	86.6	%
Light product yield (as % of crude throughput) ⁽²⁾		95.4	%	100.6	%
Liquid volume yield (as % of total throughput) ⁽³⁾		95.7	%	97.0	%
Distillate yield (as % of crude throughput) ⁽⁴⁾		41.5	%	42.0	%

_______________
(1) Total Gathered crude, Other domestic, Canadian, and Condensate throughput (collectively, “Total Crude Throughput”) divided by consolidated crude oil throughput capacity of 206,500 bpd.
(2) Total Gasoline and Distillate divided by Total Crude Throughput.
(3) Total Gasoline, Distillate, and Other liquid products divided by total throughput.
(4) Total Distillate divided by Total Crude Throughput.

Key Market Indicators

	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025			2024
West Texas Intermediate (WTI) NYMEX	$	71.42		$	76.91
Crude Oil Differentials to WTI:
Brent		3.56			4.85
WCS (heavy sour)		(12.45	)		(16.91	)
Condensate		(0.64	)		(0.83	)
Midland Cushing		1.10			1.59
NYMEX Crack Spreads:
Gasoline		16.83			22.55
Heating Oil		28.46			36.87
NYMEX 2-1-1 Crack Spread		22.64			29.71
PADD II Group 3 Product Basis:
Gasoline		(2.81	)		(9.97	)
Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel		(7.19	)		(10.35	)
PADD II Group 3 Product Crack Spread:
Gasoline		14.02			12.58
Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel		21.27			26.51
PADD II Group 3 2-1-1		17.65			19.55

Renewables Segment

Key Operating Metrics per Vegetable Oil Throughput Gallon

	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
Renewables margin *	$	1.13	$	0.65
Adjusted renewables margin *		0.94		0.47
Direct operating expenses *		0.48		0.84

_______________
* See “Non-GAAP Reconciliations” section below.

Renewables Throughput and Production Data

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in gallons per day)		2025		2024
Throughput Data
Corn Oil		19,503		31,295
Soybean Oil		136,440		44,362

Production Data
Renewable diesel		144,189		62,594

Renewable utilization ⁽¹⁾		61.9	%	30.0	%
Renewable diesel yield (as % of corn and soybean oil throughput)		92.5	%	82.7	%

_______________
(1) Total corn and soybean oil throughput divided by total renewable throughput capacity of 252,000 gallons per day.

Key Market Indicators

	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
Chicago Board of Trade (CBOT) soybean oil (dollars per pound)	$	0.44	$	0.47
Midwest crude corn oil (dollars per pound)		0.47		0.55
CARB ULSD (dollars per gallon)		2.41		2.66
NYMEX ULSD (dollars per gallon)		2.38		2.71
California LCFS (dollars per metric ton)		66.12		63.53
Biodiesel RINs (dollars per RIN)		0.79		0.58

Nitrogen Fertilizer Segment

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(percent of capacity utilization)		2025		2024
Ammonia utilization rate ⁽¹⁾		101	%	90	%

_______________
(1) Reflects our ammonia utilization rate on a consolidated basis. Utilization is an important measure used by management to assess operational output at each of CVR Partners’ facilities. Utilization is calculated as actual tons produced divided by capacity. We present our utilization for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and 2024 and take into account the impact of our current turnaround cycles on any specific period. Additionally, we present utilization solely on ammonia production rather than each nitrogen product as it provides a comparative baseline against industry peers and eliminates the disparity of plant configurations for upgrade of ammonia into other nitrogen products. With our efforts being primarily focused on ammonia upgrade capabilities, this measure provides a meaningful view of how well we operate.

Sales and Production Data

	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
Consolidated sales volumes (thousands of tons):
Ammonia		60		70
UAN		336		284

Consolidated product pricing at gate (dollars per ton): ⁽¹⁾
Ammonia	$	554	$	528
UAN		256		267

Consolidated production volume (thousands of tons):
Ammonia (gross produced) ⁽²⁾		216		193
Ammonia (net available for sale) ⁽²⁾		64		60
UAN		348		305

Feedstock:
Petroleum coke used in production (thousands of tons)		131		128
Petroleum coke used in production (dollars per ton)	$	42.43	$	75.71
Natural gas used in production (thousands of MMBtus) ⁽³⁾		2,159		2,148
Natural gas used in production (dollars per MMBtu) ⁽³⁾	$	4.62	$	3.10
Natural gas in cost of materials and other (thousands of MMBtus) ⁽³⁾		1,605		1,765
Natural gas in cost of materials and other (dollars per MMBtu) ⁽³⁾	$	4.63	$	3.49

_______________
(1) Product pricing at gate represents sales less freight revenue divided by product sales volume in tons and is shown in order to provide a pricing measure that is comparable across the fertilizer industry.
(2) Gross tons produced for ammonia represent total ammonia produced, including ammonia produced that was upgraded into other fertilizer products. Net tons available for sale represent ammonia available for sale that was not upgraded into other fertilizer products.
(3) The feedstock natural gas shown above does not include natural gas used for fuel. The cost of fuel natural gas is included in direct operating expense.

Key Market Indicators

	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025		2024
Ammonia — Southern plains (dollars per ton)	$	562	$	567
Ammonia — Corn belt (dollars per ton)		618		598
UAN — Corn belt (dollars per ton)		324		292

Natural gas NYMEX (dollars per MMBtu)	$	3.87	$	2.10

Q2 2025 Outlook

The table below summarizes our outlook for certain operational statistics and financial information for the second quarter of 2025. See “Forward-Looking Statements” above.

	Q2 2025
	Low			High
Petroleum
Total throughput (bpd)		160,000			180,000
Crude utilization ⁽¹⁾		82	%		90	%
Direct operating expenses (in millions) ⁽²⁾	$	105		$	115
Turnaround (in millions) ⁽³⁾		15			20

Renewables
Total throughput (in millions of gallons)		16			20
Renewable utilization ⁽⁴⁾		70	%		87	%
Direct operating expenses (in millions) ⁽²⁾	$	8		$	10

Nitrogen Fertilizer
Ammonia utilization rate		93	%		97	%
Direct operating expenses (in millions) ⁽²⁾	$	57		$	62

Capital Expenditures (in millions) ⁽³⁾
Petroleum	$	35		$	40
Renewables		2			4
Nitrogen Fertilizer		18			22
Other		1			3
Total capital expenditures	$	56		$	69

_______________
(1) Represents crude oil throughput divided by consolidated crude oil throughput capacity of 206,500 bpd.
(2) Direct operating expenses are shown exclusive of depreciation and amortization, turnaround expenses, and inventory valuation impacts.
(3) Turnaround and capital expenditures are disclosed on an accrual basis.
(4) Represents renewable feedstock throughput divided by total renewable throughput capacity of 252,000 gallons per day.

Non-GAAP Reconciliations

Reconciliation of Net (Loss) Income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)		2025			2024
Net (loss) income	$	(105	)	$	90
Interest expense, net		25			20
Income tax (benefit) expense		(49	)		17
Depreciation and amortization		68			76
EBITDA		(61	)		203
Adjustments:
Revaluation of RFS liability, unfavorable (favorable)		112			(91	)
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives, net		(3	)		24
Inventory valuation impacts, favorable		(24	)		(37	)
Adjusted EBITDA	$	24		$	99

Reconciliation of Basic and Diluted (Loss) Earnings per Share to Adjusted (Loss) Earnings per Share

	Three Months Ended March 31,
		2025			2024
Basic and diluted (loss) earnings per share	$	(1.22	)	$	0.81
Adjustments: ⁽¹⁾
Revaluation of RFS liability, unfavorable (favorable)		0.84			(0.67	)
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives, net		(0.03	)		0.18
Inventory valuation impacts, favorable		(0.17	)		(0.28	)
Adjusted (loss) earnings per share	$	(0.58	)	$	0.04

_______________
(1) Amounts are shown after-tax, using the Company’s marginal tax rate, and are presented on a per share basis using the weighted average shares outstanding for each period.

Reconciliation of Net Cash (Used In) Provided By Operating Activities to Free Cash Flow

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)		2025			2024
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities	$	(195	)	$	177
Less:
Capital expenditures		(51	)		(47	)
Capitalized turnaround expenditures		(43	)		(12	)
Return of equity method investment		4			3
Free cash flow	$	(285	)	$	121

Reconciliation of Petroleum Segment Net (Loss) Income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)		2025			2024
Petroleum net (loss) income	$	(160	)	$	127
Interest (income) expense, net		—			(4	)
Depreciation and amortization		41			48
Petroleum EBITDA		(119	)		171
Adjustments:
Revaluation of RFS liability, unfavorable (favorable)		112			(91	)
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives, net		(3	)		24
Inventory valuation impacts, favorable ⁽¹⁾		(20	)		(37	)
Petroleum Adjusted EBITDA	$	(30	)	$	67

Reconciliation of Petroleum Segment Gross (Loss) Profit to Refining Margin and Adjusted Refining Margin

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)		2025			2024
Net sales	$	1,477		$	1,722
Less:
Cost of materials and other		(1,482	)		(1,432	)
Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		(93	)		(103	)
Depreciation and amortization		(41	)		(48	)
Gross (loss) profit		(139	)		139
Add:
Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		93			103
Depreciation and amortization		41			48
Refining margin		(5	)		290
Adjustments:
Revaluation of RFS liability, unfavorable (favorable)		112			(91	)
Unrealized (gain) loss on derivatives, net		(3	)		24
Inventory valuation impacts, favorable ⁽¹⁾		(20	)		(37	)
Adjusted refining margin	$	84		$	186

Total throughput barrels per day		120,377			195,792
Days in the period		90			91
Total throughput barrels		10,833,969			17,817,099

Refining margin per total throughput barrel	$	(0.42	)	$	16.29
Adjusted refining margin per total throughput barrel		7.72			10.46
Direct operating expenses per total throughput barrel		8.58			5.78

_______________
(1) The Petroleum Segment’s basis for determining inventory value under GAAP is First-In, First-Out (“FIFO”). Changes in crude oil prices can cause fluctuations in the inventory valuation of crude oil, work in process and finished goods, thereby resulting in a favorable inventory valuation impact when crude oil prices increase and an unfavorable inventory valuation impact when crude oil prices decrease. The inventory valuation impact is calculated based upon inventory values at the beginning of the accounting period and at the end of the accounting period.

Reconciliation of Renewables Segment Net Income (Loss) to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)		2025			2024
Renewables net income (loss)	$	—		$	(10	)
Depreciation and amortization		6			6
Renewables EBITDA		6			(4	)
Adjustments:
Inventory valuation impacts, favorable ⁽¹⁾		(3	)		(1	)
Renewables Adjusted EBITDA	$	3		$	(5	)

Reconciliation of Renewables Segment Gross Profit (Loss) to Renewables Margin and Adjusted Renewables Margin

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions, except throughput data)		2025			2024
Net sales	$	66		$	33
Less:
Cost of materials and other		50			29
Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		6			5
Depreciation and amortization		6			6
Gross profit (loss)		4			(7	)
Add:
Direct operating expenses (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)		6			5
Depreciation and amortization		6			6
Renewables margin		16			4
Inventory valuation impacts, favorable ⁽¹⁾		(3	)		(1	)
Adjusted renewables margin	$	13		$	3

Total vegetable oil throughput gallons per day		155,943			75,657
Days in the period		90			91
Total vegetable oil throughput gallons		14,034,826			6,884,761

Renewables margin per vegetable oil throughput gallon	$	1.13		$	0.65
Adjusted renewables margin per vegetable oil throughput gallon		0.94			0.47
Direct operating expenses per vegetable oil throughput gallon		0.48			0.84

_______________
(1) The Renewables Segment’s basis for determining inventory value under GAAP is FIFO. Changes in renewable diesel and renewable feedstock prices can cause fluctuations in the inventory valuation of renewable diesel, work in process and finished goods, thereby resulting in a favorable inventory valuation impact when renewable diesel prices increase and an unfavorable inventory valuation impact when renewable diesel prices decrease. The inventory valuation impact is calculated based upon inventory values at the beginning of the accounting period and at the end of the accounting period.

Reconciliation of Nitrogen Fertilizer Segment Net Income to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)		2025		2024
Nitrogen Fertilizer net income	$	27	$	13
Interest expense, net		8		8
Depreciation and amortization		18		19
Nitrogen Fertilizer EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA	$	53	$	40

The MIL Network –

April 29, 2025

MIL-Evening Report: Here’s how to make your backyard safer and cooler next summer
Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Pui Kwan Cheung, Research Fellow in Urban Microclimates, The University of Melbourne

Varavin88, Shutterstock

Our backyards should be safe and inviting spaces all year round, including during the summer months.

But the choices we make about garden design and maintenance, such as whether to have artificial turf or real grass for a lawn, can have serious consequences. Children, elderly people and pets are particularly susceptible to burns from contact with artificial turf on a hot day.

Watering your lawn or planting a shady tree can also dramatically change how hot your backyard feels in summer. Ultimately, these factors will influence how much time you and your family spend outside.

No matter where in the world you live, it is never too late to find out how to make your backyard safer and cooler next summer.

The case against artificial turf

Artificial turf or synthetic grass, commonly used on sports fields, has become popular in private outdoor spaces such as backyards.

People may think it’s cheaper and easier to maintain than real turf. Perhaps they like the idea of saving water and having the look of lawn without the hassle of mowing and fertilising it.

But this type of plastic surface is known to become very hot on a sunny day.

We wanted to find out just how hot artificial turf can get in a suburban backyard over summer.

So we set up an experiment to compare the temperatures of artificial turf, dry natural turf, and watered natural turf in Melbourne. We took surface temperature measurements continuously for 51 days during the summer of 2023–24.

The research was part of a project demonstrating the benefits of green space in residential properties. The project received funding from Horticulture Innovation Australia, a grower-owned not-for-profit research and development corporation. That funding, in part, came from three water authorities.

Thermal imaging reveals artificial turf is hotter than natural turf on a hot sunny day.
Pui Kwan Cheung

Feeling the heat

In adults, irreversible burns occur when the skin is in contact with a surface that is 48°C or hotter for ten minutes.

The temperature needed to cause skin burns in children is approximately 2°C lower, because their skin is thinner and more sensitive.

Contact skin burns due to the high surface temperature of artificial turf has been identified as a health risk.

In our latest research, the artificial turf reached a scorching 72°C, which is sufficient to cause irreversible skin burns in just ten seconds. In contrast, the real turf was never hot enough to cause such burns (maximum temperature of 39°C).

Over the course of our experiment, the artificial turf was hot enough to cause adults irreversible skin burns for almost four hours a day. While adults might be expected to move away from the heat before it burns, vulnerable people such as babies and the elderly, as well as pets, are most at risk because they may be unable to move away.

We also took measurements in real backyards on a hot sunny summer’s day. We compared the risk of skin burns on four different surfaces: artificial turf, mulch, timber and real turf. The only surface that did not get hot enough to cause skin burns in adults was real turf.

Watering the grass can cool your backyard in more ways than one.
Stephen Livesley

Why should I water the lawn?

Grass and other plants release water vapour from little holes in their leaves into the atmosphere. This process helps the plant maintain a liveable leaf temperature on a hot day, but it also cools the air around the leaves.

It is a good idea to water your lawn throughout summer for two reasons:
1. well-watered lawn is healthier, stays green for longer, and has more leaves to release water vapour into the air (“transpire”).
2. more water is available to evaporate from the soil and leaves, adding to the cooling effect.
If you’re worried about wasting drinking water on your lawn, you can install a rainwater tank or household water recycling plant. Having access to alternative water sources will become increasingly important as the world warms and the climate dries.

More shade will cool your backyard.
Stephen Livesley

What about shade?

The most effective way to make you feel cooler in your backyard is to provide adequate shade. This reduces the amount of sun energy hitting your body or the ground, heating the surface and warming the surrounding air.

A single tree can lower the level of heat stress from extreme to moderate. This may be the difference between wanting to spend time outside on a hot day and avoiding your backyard altogether.

Even small trees can still make you feel cooler, if they provide some shade.

However, too-dense tree canopy cover may prevent air flow – so there is a happy medium. Air flow is necessary to move the heat away from your backyard and cool your body down.

Taking all the above measures will keep your backyard safe and cool throughout summer. This will allow you and your family to spend more quality time in your backyard, cool your home, and improve your quality of life.

Pui Kwan Cheung receives funding from Horticulture Innovation Australia (Hort Innovation) for the research project “demonstrating the benefits of increasing available green infrastructure in residential homes”, which is relevant to this article.
The project involves co-investment from South East Water, Greater Western Water, Yarra Valley Water, the Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action (Victoria), Department of Planning, Housing and Infrastructure (New South Wales), The University of Melbourne, and the Australian Government. Hort Innovation is the grower-owned, not-for-profit research and development corporation for Australian horticulture.

Stephen Livesley receives funding from Horticulture Innovation Australia, the Australian Research Council and various water authorities.

– ref. Here’s how to make your backyard safer and cooler next summer – https://theconversation.com/heres-how-to-make-your-backyard-safer-and-cooler-next-summer-254928
MIL OSI Analysis – EveningReport.nz –
April 29, 2025
MIL-OSI Security: Kissimmee Drug Dealer Sentenced to 10 Years in Federal Prison

Source: Office of United States Attorneys

MIAMI – A man was sentenced to 120 months in federal prison, followed by five years of supervised release, for drug trafficking. The defendant had previously pleaded guilty to distribution of methamphetamine and fentanyl in February.

On Aug. 21, 2024, Jardon Kianu Jackson, 34, of Kissimmee, Fla., sold 442.2 grams of methamphetamine in Sebastian, Fla. Then, on Oct. 22, 2024, Jackson sold 53.02 grams of fentanyl in Fellsmere, Fla.

U.S. Attorney Hayden P. O’Byrne for the Southern District of Florida, Special Agent in Charge Deanne L. Reuter of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Miami Field Division, Sheriff Paul Blackman of the Highlands County Sheriff’s Office (HCSO), Sheriff Eric Flowers of the Indian River County Sheriff’s Office (IRCSO) and Sheriff Noel E. Stephen of Okeechobee County Sheriff’s Office announced the sentence imposed by U.S. District Judge Donald M. Middlebrooks.

The DEA Miami Field Division, HCSO, IRCSO and Okeechobee County Sheriff’s Office investigated the case. Assistant U.S. Attorney Michael D. Porter prosecuted the case.

According to the DEA’s National Drug Threat Assessment, synthetic drugs, such as fentanyl, are poisoning our nation. Fentanyl has proven to be a deadly poison that does not discriminate. Its victims include every gender, race, age, and economic background, and its debilitating effects are the same across all demographics. Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid that is up to 50 times stronger than heroin and 100 times stronger than morphine. Even in small doses, fentanyl can be deadly. As little as two milligrams, about the size of 5 grains of salt, can be fatal. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (“CDC”), fentanyl and other synthetic opioids are the most common drugs involved in overdose deaths. Over 150 people die every day from overdoses related to synthetic opioids like fentanyl. The State of Florida has also seen an exponential increase in overdoses associated with fentanyl. In 2022, more than 5,622 people died from overdoses involving fentanyl and fentanyl analogs in Florida.

For more information visit: https://www.fdle.state.fl.us/MEC/Publications-and-Forms/Documents/Drugs-in-Deceased-Persons/2022-Annual-Drug-Report-FINAL-(1).aspx; https://www.cdc.gov/opioids/basics/fentanyl.html; and https://www.dea.gov/factsheets/fentanyl.

Related court documents and information may be found on the website of the District Court for the Southern District of Florida at www.flsd.uscourts.gov or at http://pacer.flsd.uscourts.gov, under case number 24-cr-14066.

###

MIL Security OSI –

April 26, 2025
MIL-OSI: Best Online Casinos Canada: Why 7Bit Casino Is Ranked As Top Canadian Online Casino
Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

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A Closer Look at the Best Online Casino in Canada: 7Bit Casino

Serving Canadian online casino players with a unique gambling experience for years, 7Bit, the best online casino Canada has established a strong position in the online gambling industry. With a generous bonus package, including a 325% welcome pack up to 5.25 BTC and 250 free spins, special cashbacks, exclusive Monday, Wednesday, and Thursday bonuses, this best online casino Canada offers its players an enhanced bankroll, giving them more reason to play.

7Bit’s game collection is incomparable, from slots to table games and video poker to live dealer games, players are offered an extensive game library. It is rare that you don’t find a game that caters to your preferences at 7Bit online casino Canada.

In addition to traditional blackjack, roulette, and poker, players can enjoy premier Bitcoin games, making it a go-to gambling platform for crypto enthusiasts. Of the approximately 5,000 games available, at least 4,000 are based on crypto gambling. For players who are afraid of risking money, demo games are available; enjoy gambling without staking your pocket at 7Bit, the best online casino in Canada.

Payment options are numerous. Whether you are into traditional payments or digital transactions like cryptocurrency, you can find your choice of payment option at 7Bit, the best Canadian online casino. With a wide range of options, the deposit and withdrawal process is seamless, helping players to focus more on gaming without waiting long for transactions to complete. However, the credit card and bank transfers take a bit more time to complete, compared to e-wallet and crypto transactions.

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Integrating encryption technologies and responsible gambling tools, this best casino online Canada offers players security over their financial and personal information and promotes responsible gambling. With a supportive customer service and user-friendly interface, players can easily navigate through the 7Bit Canadian online casino and play immersive and engaging gambling games.

A Quick Overview of 7Bit Casino
- Launched in: 2014
- License: Curacao eGaming License
- Bonus Offers:
  - 325% welcome bonus up to 1.5 BTC
  - 250 free spins on the first four deposits
  - Cashbacks and reload bonuses
- Game Collection:
  - Roulette
  - Slots
  - Blackjack
  - Video Poker
  - Live dealer games
  - Exclusive Bitcoin games
- Supported Payments:
  - Cryptocurrency, Bank transfers, E-wallets, Credit/debit cards
- iGaming Providers: NetEnt, Pragmatic Play, Microgaming, Betsoft, Others
- Available Countries: Available in most countries, with restrictions in regions like:
  - USA, UK, Spain, Netherlands, Greece, France, Serbia
- KYC: Required for withdrawals
- Deposit and Withdrawal Limits:
  - Minimum: $10 or 0.0005 BTC
  - Maximum: $4,000
- Payout Speed: Instant to 3–5 business days
- VPN Friendly: Yes
How to Sign Up for 7Bit Canadian Online Casino?

Signing up for 7Bit online casino Canada is simple and straightforward. Below are the step-by-step instructions for signing up for the 7Bit Casino.

Step 1: Open the Official 7Bit Canadian Casino Website
To sign up, Click Here To Navigate To The Signup Section Of The 7Bit Casino.

Step 2: Create your Account
Here, players are instructed to enter their personal information, such as name, email address, country of residence, and preferred currency. Secure your account with a strong password to prevent malicious attacks.

Step 3: Verify your Account
Account verification is mandatory for high-value withdrawals. KYC verification includes submitting a photo ID, address, and preferred payment information.

Step 4: Claim Welcome Bonus
Once you sign up for the 7Bit casino, you receive welcome bonuses. Claim these bonuses and utilize them in your games to enhance your winning chances.

Step 4: Start Playing
Once bonuses are claimed, players can begin their gameplay. Navigate to the game section and choose your favorite game from the top list of casino games.

Pros & Cons of 7Bit Best Online Casinos Canada

Pros:
- Wide Collection of Games: Whether slots, table games, live dealer games, or exclusive crypto games, every player is offered a variety of choices at 7Bit Canadian online casino. Players can select the game according to their level of experience and bankroll.
- Generous Welcome Bonus: 325% match bonus up to 5 BTC and 250 free spins on your first four deposits.
- Crypto Payments: Apart from traditional payment methods like Visa, Mastercard, and Maestro, cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, Litecoin, and Ethereum are accepted. 7Bit best online casino Canada stands out as a crypto casino due to its wide variety of crypto payment options.
- User-friendly interface and 24/7 Customer Support: With an intuitive and well-designed interface, players can enjoy a stress-free gambling experience on both mobile and desktop devices. Offering players assistance on gaming and transaction processes, 7Bit’s customer support is responsive and excellent.
Cons:
- Require KYC Verification for Withdrawal above $2,000: Though KYC verification enhances player security, it requires submitting players’ personal information, which can sometimes be exploited. In addition, the KYC process is time-consuming, and players have to wait a bit more time to complete the registration process, causing inconvenience.
- Restricted in Some Countries: Due to regulatory and legal restrictions, 7Bit best casino online Canada is prohibited in countries like Spain, Ukraine, and Israel.
- Limited Language Availability: 7Bit is less efficient when it comes to language. The site supports only the main languages like English, German, French, and Russian, making it difficult for players who are less familiar with these languages to interact with the casino.
- $10 Withdrawal Fee on all Payments: Whether you are paying using cryptocurrency, e-wallet, or debit card, you have to pay a $10 withdrawal fee.
- 40x Wagering Requirement: To claim the bonus offers, players have to complete the 40x wagering requirement, a bit higher compared to other online casinos in Canada.
What Makes 7Bit the Best Online Casino in Canada?

Reviewing many online casinos, including their bonus policies, game varieties, encryption technologies, customer support, and many other factors, we concluded 7Bit as the best online casino in Canada. Below, we discuss the features of this casino that contributed to its wide popularity and acceptance among Canadian players.
- License and Reputation
7Bit Casino is licensed under the regulation of Curacao, a renowned regulator in the online gambling industry. Operating under the Curacao eGaming Control Board, 7Bit, the best online casino Canada, ensures fairness, security, and privacy to users.

All games utilize a random number generator or provably fair algorithms, assuring players that no games are biased and there is an equal probability of winning and losing in every game they play. Not only fairness in games, this license also guarantees players’ regulated deposit and withdrawal process and prevents casinos from offering bonuses with hidden wagering conditions.

Since its launch in 2014, 7Bit Ontario online casino has established itself as a trustworthy and reliable casino, delivering players with an enjoyable and safe gambling experience. Solving every complaint, though not rising often, as soon as possible, this best online casino Canada stands out from its competitors for its reputation and transparency. 7Bit uses 128-bit SSL encryption for all data transactions.
- Bonus and Promotions
With most features being the same at online casinos in Canada, the variations and uniqueness in bonuses and promotions attract players. 7Bit Ontario online casino’s bonus offers are promising and capable of boosting player confidence. On registering for the account, players receive an impressive 325% match deposit bonus of up to 5 BTC and 250 free spins. This bonus is applied to your first four deposits, increasing your probability of winning at your favorite games.

Only new registrants can claim the welcome bonus, sign up for 7Bit, and make the minimum required deposit, and you will be qualified for the bonus. One major advantage of the welcome bonus at 7Bit Ontario online casino is that you don’t have a maximum limit on what you can win from the bonus; whatever you win goes to your profits. However, it is important to read the terms and conditions to know the rules and measures you have to follow to claim the bonus. Most bonuses come with a 40x wagering requirement.

Here is how the welcome deposit bonuses are allocated,
- 1st deposit: 100% match bonus along with 100 free spins.
- 2nd deposit: 75& match bonus along with 100 free spins.
- 3rd deposit: 50% match bonus
- 4th deposit: 100% match bonus along with 50 free spins.
In order to keep players retained, apart from welcome bonuses, 7Bit, the best online casino Canada, offers some exciting promotions and VIP programs. Promotions contain reload bonuses, cashbacks, and free spins, while VIP offerings trigger new bonuses as players complete each level of the 12-level program.

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Below are some promotions offered by 7Bit.
- Monday reload bonuses
- Free Spin Wednesday
- Daily Cashback
- Weekly Cashback
- Game Library
With more than 5,000 games, including games from renowned iGaming providers like NetEnt, Pragmatic Play, and BetSoft, 7Bit Ontario online casino offers an impressive game library. Apart from traditional slots and table games like roulette, blackjack, and poker, players can find a variety of live dealer games and crypto games at 7Bit Casino. Based on players’ preferences and choices, there’s at least one game for everyone.

Navigating to the slot category, players could see some amazing collections that suit their style. With immersive graphics and ravishing bonus offers, players can spin the reels on luck-based slots to win huge prizes. Apart from popular traditional slots like 7Bit Hot&Hot Fruits, 7Bit Bonanza, and Throne of Camelot Hold and Win, players can try BTC slots such as Mega Moolah, Johnny Cash, Elvis Frog in Vegas, Wild Spin, and Raging Lion at 7Bit.

Combining the game of chance with elements of skill, blackjack has become a popular genre of games at online casinos. Trying to beat the dealer by making a hand worth 21 or close to it, players aim to win great prizes at the blackjack table. 7Bit online casino Canada offers many variety of blackjack games, from Classic blackjack to Multihand and American blackjack, players get a wide range of options to choose from.

Trying their luck at casinos, roulette has become a favorite game of seasonal players. Offering a gameplay that relies more on luck rather than skill, roulette has a huge fan base all over the world. Multiple variants of roulette are available at 7Bit, the best online casino in Canada, including American and European roulette. The gameplay is almost similar in all variants, only basic principles differ, making it easy to switch from one variant to another.
- Video Poker
Playing against the dealer to get a strong hand from the best possible cards, Poker delivers a skill-based gambling adventure. With different variants including Jacks or Better, Tens or Better, Deuces Wild, Aces and Eights, 7Bit, the best online casino Canada offers a wide video poker collection to choose from. The basic rules, betting options, and payout percentage vary in different variants, however, the basic gameplay is the same.
- Live Dealer Games
Live dealer games are similar to slots and table games, but they offer a real-time gambling experience as that in a brick-and-mortar casino. Players compete against the dealer and win huge prizes at live dealer tables. 7Bit live dealer collection includes live blackjack, roulette, and baccarat tables, offering players an immersive gameplay.
- Exclusive Crypto Games
A standalone feature of 7Bit best casino online Canada is its inclusion of crypto games. The Bitcoin games at 7Bit Casino allow players to make bets directly using Bitcoins, promoting it as a Bitcoin casino. Best Bitcoin games at 7Bit include BTC Blackjack, BTC Baccarat, Keno, and Bitcoin Roulette.

Payment

Funding at a casino involves security and privacy risks, but 7Bit online casino Ontario makes it convenient and safe. Offering both traditional and digital payment, players can choose the payment option they are comfortable with.
- Payment Options
Different payment options are available at 7Bit, the best online casino in Canada. Visa, MasterCard, and Maestro are suitable payment options for players who prefer traditional payment methods, while cryptocurrency payments are ideal for players who wish to transact through a digital interface.

Supported Cryptocurrencies
- Bitcoin (BTC)
- Ethereum (ETH)
- Litecoin (LTC)
- Dogecoin (DOGE)
- Bitcoin Cash (BCH)
- Ripple (XRP)
- Tether (USDT)
Supported Fiat Currencies
- EUR
- USD
- AUD
- CAD
- NOK
- PLN
- NZD
Deposit and Withdrawal Limit

7Bit has a straightforward deposit process. The minimum deposit limit varies depending on the type of payment method chosen. All deposits are processed immediately, eliminating the cumbersome waiting time.This lets players focus more on games without getting interrupted. Similar to depositing, the minimum and maximum limits of withdrawal depend on your chosen payment option.

Payment Speed

Payments are pretty fast at 7Bit online casino Ontario. Crypto and e-wallet payments are processed instantly, while bank transfers take some time to process. The detailed processing time for different payment options at 7Bit casino is given below.
- Cryptocurrency: Instant / Max 1 hour
- Visa/MasterCard: Instant / 1-3 days
- Skrill: Instant
- Neteller: Instant
- Bank Transfer: 3-5 business days
Responsible Gambling Practices

7Bit online casino Ontario is licensed under the Curacao government and adheres to its strict laws and regulations. Promoting responsible gambling, 7Bit includes various tools that ensure players are gambling responsibly. Tools like deposit limits, loss limits, self-exclusion tools, and wagering limits prevent players from uncontrolled gambling.
- Deposit Limits: Limits the amount a player deposits for gambling.
- Loss Limits: Restricts players’ ability to lose over a specific period of time.
- Wagering Limits: Limits the amount of money a player wagers within a set timeframe.
- Self-exclusion Tools: Temporarily deactivates a player’s account to prevent them from over-gambling or addiction.
Customer Support and User Experience
7Bit offers 24/7 customer support, solving all the queries of players with utmost diligence and accuracy. Customer assistance options include email and live chat with a quick response time. Generally, queries are solved within minutes in live chats and within 24 hours for emails. A detailed FAQ (Frequently Asked Questions) section is also available at 7Bit, solving all the fundamental queries within no time.

Evaluating the user experience, 7Bit, the best online casino in Ontario, delivers a mobile-friendly gambling experience, allowing players to gamble wherever they go. Players can navigate to the platform easily and locate their favorite games seamlessly. This best casino online Canada stands out for its top-notch graphics; the combined dark and light color theme mimics the real-time casinos, giving players a conventional gambling experience. The responsive design works well on both iOS and Android devices.

Final Verdict on 7Bit Casino: Best Online Casino Canada

7Bit Casino is a great option for players looking for a crypto-friendly gambling experience. With its generous bonus offers, massive game collection, and a smooth user experience, it stands out as one of the best online casinos in Canada, especially for those who enjoy both traditional and blockchain-based gaming. The 325% welcome bonus up to 5 BTC, 250 free spins, and additional reload bonuses and cashbacks make it an appealing choice for many players.

This casino doesn’t just offer amazing bonuses, but also boasts a wide variety of games, from classic slots to the latest crypto games, ensuring there’s something for everyone. The versatile payment options, including both crypto and fiat, make for seamless deposits and withdrawals, allowing for an uninterrupted gameplay experience.

The customer service at 7Bit Casino is top-notch, providing helpful support through live chat and email, ensuring players can feel confident and well-assisted throughout their time on the site. While the KYC requirement for withdrawals over $2,000 and geographical restrictions can be a slight inconvenience, these don’t overshadow the overall experience.

For players in Ontario and across Canada, 7Bit Casino offers a balanced blend of traditional and modern gambling features. If you’re searching for a reliable, rewarding, and user-friendly online casino, 7Bit is one of the best online casinos in Canada. Log in and enjoy the advantages—just make sure to read the terms and conditions for a smoother experience!

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Frequently Asked Questions
- Is 7Bit Casino Legit?
Yes, 7Bit is a legitimate casino operating under a Curacao eGaming License.
- Does 7Bit require KYC?
KYC is mandatory for withdrawals above $2,000 at 7Bit.
- What are the different types of payment methods included in 7Bit, the best online casino in Canada?
Along with crypto payments, 7Bit supports credit/debit cards, e-wallets, and bank transfers.
- Why should I play at 7Bit Casino in Canada?
7Bit offers you an impressive game library, attractive bonuses, wide payment options, an engaging interface, and efficient customer support, making it the best gambling platform in Canada.
- How to claim the welcome bonus at 7Bit Casino?
New registrants can claim their welcome bonus by making the required initial deposits.

Email: Support@7bitCasino.com

Disclaimer and Affiliate Disclosure
General Disclaimer
This article is for informational and entertainment purposes only, not legal or financial advice. Content is based on research and user reviews as of writing. No warranties are made, and users must verify information before acting.

Casino and Gambling Disclaimer
Online gambling carries risks and isn’t for everyone. Confirm you’re of legal gambling age in your jurisdiction. Gambling laws vary, and compliance is your responsibility. We don’t promote gambling; participation is at your risk. 7Bit Casino is a third-party platform, and we’re not liable for losses or disputes.

Affiliate Disclosure
This article may include affiliate links, earning us a commission at no cost to you for qualifying actions. These support our content. Our reviews are unbiased, and we recommend only valuable products. Do your own research before signing up.

A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/26c8297c-4df1-47b1-9448-a50bdd966987

The MIL Network –
April 25, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: USDA releases Census of Agriculture data results for American Samoa, Guam
Source: US National Agricultural Statistics Service

WASHINGTON, April 24, 2025 – The U.S. Department of Agriculture’s National Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) released the 2023 Census of Agriculture data for American Samoa and Guam today.

The most widely used statistics in the agriculture industry, the Census of Agriculture, is conducted every five years and provides the most comprehensive and impartial agriculture data at the island level. “We thank the producers who gave their time to complete the questionnaire. The Census of Agriculture data tells their agriculture story,” said NASS Administrator Joseph Parsons. “The agricultural census data provides vital data that helps shape policies, allocate resources, and support the growth and sustainability of agriculture in American Samoa and Guam.”

Federal and local governments, agribusinesses, organizations, and many more use Census of Agriculture data to support funding research and programs to improve farming techniques and equipment, building infrastructure for high-speed internet, providing effective production and distribution systems as well as natural disaster preparation, response, and recovery assistance.

Highlights from the 2023 Census of Agriculture:

American Samoa:
- There were 7,157 farms, up 13% or 828 farms from 2018. Land in farms totaled 9,253 acres, with an average farm size of 1.3 acres.
- The total value of sales was $ 35.3 million, with an average value of $ 4,932 per farm.
- Taro represented the largest category of production, with sales of $ 1,245,378.
Guam:
- There were 583 farms, an increase of 319 farms since the last census in 2018. Land in farms totaled 2,848 acres, with an average farm size of 4.9 acres.
- The total value of sales was $ 6,162,085 million, with an average value of $ 10,570 per farm.
- Vegetables and melons represented the largest category of production, with sales of $2,636,157.
For American Samoa, the Census of Agriculture defined a farm as any place that raised or produced agricultural products for sale or home consumption, in 2023. For Guam, the Census of Agriculture defined a farm as any place from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were produced and sold, or normally would have been sold, in 2023.

The full Census of Agriculture report as well as publication dates for additional data products from the census can be found at nass.usda.gov/AgCensus

MIL OSI USA News –
April 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Canada: Support helps B.C. tree-fruit growers protect orchards, businesses

Source: Government of Canada regional news

B.C.’s tree-fruit growers are working on new projects to help protect their harvests from extreme weather and ensure there is a sustainable supply of local cherries, peaches, apples and other tree fruits this year and in future years.

“Earlier this spring, I visited the Okanagan to meet with growers. Many of them spoke about the challenge of a changing climate that has impacted their livelihoods and affected local food security,” said Lana Popham, Minister of Agriculture and Food. “Extreme weather events are a major concern, and this investment will help farmers install much-needed equipment to protect their orchards and the delicious, quality fruit British Columbians rely on and enjoy.”

The $5-million Tree Fruit Climate Resiliency program is supporting 67 projects in the Okanagan and the Kootenay regions. Tree-fruit growers are using the funding to buy equipment such as wind machines, energy-efficient heaters and cooling systems to protect orchards from extreme cold and heat. One grower is purchasing hail netting to keep fruit trees and crops safe from damage.

“Working together with the B.C. Fruit Growers’ Association and the B.C. Cherry Association has been crucial in developing a robust response to support our province’s dedicated tree-fruit growers. They have faced numerous challenges over the past few years,” said Harwinder Sandhu, parliamentary secretary for agriculture and MLA for Vernon-Lumby. “I know from my visits to orchards and meetings with growers how much these projects can help, and I am excited to see growers using this technology to protect their crops and increase production of the renowned Okanagan fruit that B.C. takes pride in.”

These projects will protect nearly 360 hectares (887 acres) of orchards in B.C., helping mitigate extreme weather effects on the tree-fruit sector. The projects will be complete by March 2027.

“The B.C. Cherry Association was very pleased to see the high uptake by industry in this program. After five consecutive years of extreme climate events, we needed to take a proactive approach,” said Sukhpaul Bal, president, B.C. Cherry Association. “The Tree Fruit Climate Resiliency program allows growers to make investments in their farms to better protect against future events, and we look forward to building on the success of the program to ensure the long-term sustainability of the cherry sector.”

The Tree Fruit Climate Resiliency program was developed with input from the B.C. Fruit Growers’ Association and the B.C. Cherry Association as part of government’s efforts to help tree-fruit growers through challenges.

“We are grateful to the government for their support through this program. The overwhelming response, with the program being oversubscribed within just 20 hours, clearly demonstrates the significant need within our industry,” said Deep Brar, vice-president, B.C. Fruit Growers’ Association, and a tree-fruit grower. “We sincerely appreciate the efforts in supporting the tree-fruit industry, and as we move forward, we hope for even more support to continue addressing the challenges we face and to ensure the sustainability and growth of our sector.”

Learn More:

To learn more about the opening of the Tree Fruit Climate Resiliency program, visit: https://news.gov.bc.ca/releases/2025AF0002-000049

A backgrounder follows.

MIL OSI Canada News –

April 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: Runner’s gut: why some marathon runners find themselves sprinting to the toilet instead of the finish line

Source: The Conversation – UK – By Dan Baumgardt, Senior Lecturer, School of Physiology, Pharmacology and Neuroscience, University of Bristol

Running a marathon is no small feat. Athletes can expect to cover between 50-60,000 steps, burn over 3,000 calories and expel multiple litres of sweat to keep cool.

Marathons and other long distance events can be associated with several dangers – including dehydration, electrolyte imbalances and heatstroke. All important reasons as to why it’s crucial to train adequately for the big day, and come prepared.

But there’s another condition that can affect long distance runners – one that can be more than a little embarrassing.

It comes under many guises: runner’s trots, runner’s gut, runner’s stomach, runner’s runs. What we’re referring to is the overactive gastrointestinal tract brought on by the whole-body effects of running. This results in urgent, sometimes explosive diarrhoea.

Runner’s diarrhoea is actually a triad of symptoms: diarrhoea, cramping abdominal discomfort plus a heightened urge to open your bowels. It’s actually more common than you think – with up to 96% of endurance runners reportedly experiencing some sort of gastrointestinal symptom during a race.

In most cases, runner’s trots are not considered concerning, especially if the condition is adequately managed as you would any episode of acute diarrhoea – with fluid and electrolyte replenishment. But in some extreme cases, there have been signs of blood in the runner’s faeces. This suggests that in some people, the condition may be caused by mechanical damage to the bowel – perhaps as a result of this organ being sloshed around in the abdomen during a long run.

Why it happens

But what causes it in the first place? We aren’t entirely sure, but most experts have established several different causes which might play a role in generating these symptoms.

The first clue may lie within the blood supply. When you start to exercise, your body shifts its attention away from resting and digesting, and diverts blood to tissues and organs that need it more – namely the heart, lungs and muscles. Prolonged reduced blood flow to the gut could irritate and inflame its lining. This might also affect the bacterial colonies that reside within the gut. This may explain why a recent study suggests probiotics may work as a treatment.

Other studies have considered the effect of nutrition upon gut activity. Certain foods are associated with increased gut activity and fermentation, such as protein, fat and fibre. This is why most runners avoid foods high in these before a long run, often consuming a breakfast which is higher in simple, easily digestible carbohydrates.

There are many reasons why you might develop an overactive gastrointestinal tract while running a marathon.
Michael Mong/ Shutterstock

In addition, some of the other nutrients and substances we commonly use as a welcome boost for heavy exercise might be culprits. Take caffeine, for instance. These stimulants might boost our energy, but they can also have a laxative effect in some people.

And carbs are not entirely without blame. Evidence suggests that some carbs can not only increase the speed at which foods move through the gastrointestinal tract, they can also cause fluid retention and fermentation within the gut, making diarrhoea and gas more likely. These include the lactose in cow’s milk products and high fructose fruits, such as apples, pears and grapes.

Finally, it’s possible that an attack of the nerves may be (in part) to blame for the runs. Not only do stress and mood have associations with irritable bowel syndrome, it has also been suggested that psychological factors, such as anxiety, may be associated with runner’s diarrhoea.

What can you do?

Is there anything you can do to avoid needing the loo somewhere on your marathon route?

Nutrition does seem to be key. Eat an energy-rich and familiar breakfast (one you know won’t bother your stomach) with the minimum of fibre, fat and protein. It’s not good to choose the day of a big event to challenge your gut with unfamiliar foods. One example might be a toasted bagel (or indeed plain white toast), or a low-fibre breakfast cereal, that’s based on rice or corn rather than bran. Fruits lower in fructose include strawberries, raspberries and bananas.

Ideally, give your chosen breakfast a test drive before a training session to see what the effect is. In addition, separating your meal and the starting line by 2-3 hours gives the gut some time to get going on digestion, and to mobilise fuel for action.

Hydration is important. Make sure not only to drink water, but replenish electrolytes as well since both water and sodium are easily lost in sweat. Consuming water or sports drinks in small but regular bursts can help alleviate the problem of needing the toilet.

Perhaps one of the best ways to recognise and prevent runner’s diarrhoea is to sit back, observe and listen to your own body. Yet another reason why preparation is so important. Training for a marathon should take place over months, not days or weeks. This gives ample time to recognise gut symptoms, but also what might be triggering them.

Some athletes find it useful to keep a diary, detailing symptoms and activity for the day, in order to spot trends more easily. You can also trial simple tactics, such as specific nutrition, hydration and training plans to see what effect they have. Everyone is different, and will respond to exercise and diet in different ways.

In any event, if you get caught foul (sometimes quite literally) of runner’s trots, try to take a break, slow down and rehydrate. Also remember that most marathons have toilets at frequent intervals, in case the moment should grab you.

Dan Baumgardt does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

– ref. Runner’s gut: why some marathon runners find themselves sprinting to the toilet instead of the finish line – https://theconversation.com/runners-gut-why-some-marathon-runners-find-themselves-sprinting-to-the-toilet-instead-of-the-finish-line-254419

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

April 25, 2025
MIL-OSI Africa: Government welcomes decrease in consumer price inflation

Source: South Africa News Agency

Thursday, April 24, 2025

Government has welcomed the decrease in headline consumer price inflation to 2.7% in March from 3.2% in February.

According to Statistics South Africa (Stats SA), the headline consumer inflation decreased for the first time in five months due to lower fuel prices and softer tuition inflation.

“The moderation in inflation offers welcome relief to consumers and aligns with ongoing efforts to support economic recovery and keep prices stable. Government remains committed to fostering economic stability and building conditions that support growth and improved living standards,” Government Communication and Information System (GCIS) Acting Director-General Terry Vandayar said.

Stats SA reported that the fuel index softened by 0.4% from February, taking the annual rate from -3.6% to -8.8%.

A litre of 95-octane petrol (inland) was R22.34 in March, down from R24.45 a year before. The average price for diesel declined to R22.80 from R24.85 over the same period.

“Education fees are surveyed once a year in March. The price index for education increased by 4.5%, lower than the 6.4% rise in 2024. School fees increased by 5.0% (from 6.6% in 2024). Tertiary education institutions charged 3.7% more in 2025, compared with the 5.9% rise recorded the year before,” Stats SA said.

The annual rate for food and non-alcoholic beverages (NAB) edged lower to 2.7% in March from 2.8% in February.

Vegetables, fruits and nuts, cereal products, meat and fish registered higher annual rates.

Lower rates were recorded for oils and fats; hot beverages; milk, other dairy products and eggs; cold beverages; and sugar, confectionery and desserts. –SAnews.gov.za

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MIL OSI Africa –

April 24, 2025
MIL-OSI Africa: SA, Lesotho sign agreement towards Mohokare/Caledon River weirs

Source: South Africa News Agency

South Africa and the Kingdom of Lesotho have signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) to establish a new framework for cooperation in water resource development along the Mohokare/Caledon River.

Signed on Wednesday in Maseru, Lesotho, the agreement outlines joint efforts for the proposed construction of two weirs on the Mohokare/ Caledon River, and to ensure efficient management and sustainable development of the water resources.

Minister of Water and Sanitation, Pemmy Majodina, and Lesotho’s Minister of Natural Resources, Mohlomi Moleko, signed the agreement during the 2nd Session of the Bi-National Commission (BNC), co-chaired by Lesotho’s Prime Minister, Samuel Ntsokoane Matekane, and South African President Cyril Ramaphosa.

The framework will enable the Lesotho Government to access the South African side of the river to construct the weirs under its Market Driven Irrigated Horticulture (MDIH) Project for the development of irrigation infrastructure on identified irrigatable sites on the Mohokare river.

The Mohokare river begins in the Maloti Mountains of northern Lesotho and flows towards the southwestern direction. The river forms a large part of Lesotho’s north-western border with South Africa.

After leaving Lesotho, it then becomes the Caledon and continues through the Free State province of South Africa. It is a tributary to the Orange River on the southern edge of the Free State.

The Department of Water and Sanitation highlighted that the construction of weirs will run across the river to South Africa. The weirs will allow for the storage of water to provide Lesotho year-round irrigation, even during the dry seasons when water levels in the river are low.

“The Lesotho MDIH schemes require a total of around 6.35 million cubic metres per annum (m3/a) on average of additional water but could increase to 9.79 million m3/a in a dry year for the 1 580 hectares (ha) in the simulated schemes.

“For South Africa, the construction of the abstraction weirs will assist in reducing sedimentation which is a major concern in the Caledon River. The weirs will also be used for water quantity measuring as well as flood tracing purposes on the Caledon River,” the department said.

The objectives of the 2nd Session of the Bi-National Commission (BNC) were to foster strong political and bilateral relations between the two countries; deepen economic cooperation taking into consideration the regional value chains and to review the implementation of the outcomes of the BNC inaugural session taken two years ago; and to agree on newly identified priority areas for mutual benefit.

The BNC expressed satisfaction at the existing cooperation between the two countries in the fields of water, and energy and emphasised the significance of the Lesotho Highlands Water Project (LHWP), as a sustainable source of water for both countries and a catalyst for economic and infrastructure development.

While welcoming Phase II of the LHWP, which is currently in implementation, the BNC underscored the need for its timeous execution within the allocated resources. – SAnews.gov.za

MIL OSI Africa –

April 24, 2025
MIL-OSI: CORRECTION – Middlefield Global Dividend Growers ETF Distributions

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

TORONTO, April 23, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — In a release issued today by Middlefield Sustainable Global Dividend ETF (TSX: MDIV), please note the source should have read as Middlefield Global Dividend Growers ETF. The corrected release follows:

Middlefield Global Dividend Growers ETF (TSX: MDIV) (the “Fund”) is pleased to announce that distributions for the second quarter of 2025 will be payable to unitholders of Middlefield Global Dividend Growers ETF as follows:

Record Date Payable Date Distribution Per
Trust Unit

April 30, 2025 May 15, 2025 $0.06

May 31, 2025 June 13, 2025 $0.06

June 30, 2025 July 15, 2025 $0.06

The trust units trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol MDIV.

The Fund offers a distribution reinvestment plan (“DRIP”) for unitholders which provides unitholders with the ability to automatically reinvest distributions, commission free, and realize the benefits of compound growth. Unitholders can enroll in the DRIP program by contacting their investment advisor.

Middlefield

Founded in 1979, Middlefield is a specialist equity income asset manager with offices in Toronto, Canada and London, England. Our investment team utilizes active management to select high-quality, global companies across a variety of sectors and themes. Our product offerings include proven dividend-focused strategies that span real estate, healthcare, innovation, infrastructure, energy, diversified income and more. We offer these solutions in a variety of product types including ETFs, Mutual Funds, Closed-End Funds, Split-Share Funds and Flow-through LPs.

For further information, please visit our website at www.middlefield.com or contact Nancy Tham in our Sales and Marketing Department at 1.888.890.1868.

This press release contains forward-looking information. The forward-looking information contained in this press release is based on historical information concerning distributions and dividends paid on the securities of issuers historically included in the portfolio of the Fund. Actual future results, including the amount of distributions paid by the Fund, may differ from the monthly distribution amount. Specifically, the income from which distributions are paid may vary significantly due to: changes in portfolio composition; changes in distributions and dividends paid by issuers of securities included in the Fund’s portfolio from time to time; there being no assurance that those issuers will pay distributions or dividends on their securities; the declaration of distributions and dividends by issuers of securities included in the portfolio will generally depend upon various factors, including the financial condition of each issuer and general economic and stock market conditions; the level of borrowing by the Fund; and the uncertainty of realizing capital gains. The risks, uncertainties and other factors that could influence actual results are described under “Risk Factors” in the Fund’s prospectus and other documents filed by the Fund with the Canadian securities regulatory authorities. The forward-looking information contained in this press release constitutes the Fund’s current estimate, as of the date of this press release, with respect to the matters covered hereby. Investors and others should not assume that any forward-looking statement contained in this press release represents the Fund’s estimate as of any date other than the date of this press release.

The MIL Network –

April 24, 2025
MIL-OSI Africa: Consumer inflation eases in March

Source: South Africa News Agency

Statistics South Africa (Stats SA) has announced that headline consumer inflation decreased for the first time in five months due to lower fuel prices and softer tuition inflation.

According to Stats SA, inflation was edging lower to 2.7% in March from 3.2% in February.

“The fuel index softened by 0.4% from February, taking the annual rate from -3.6% to -8.8%. A litre of 95-octane petrol (inland) was R22.34 in March, down from R24.45 a year before. The average price for diesel declined to R22.80 from R24.85 over the same period.

“Education fees are surveyed once a year in March. The price index for education increased by 4.5%, lower than the 6.4% rise in 2024. School fees increased by 5.0% (from 6.6% in 2024). Tertiary education institutions charged 3.7% more in 2025, compared with the 5.9% rise recorded the year before,” Stats SA said on Wednesday.

Food inflation slightly softer in March

The annual rate for food and non-alcoholic beverages (NAB) edged lower to 2.7% in March from 2.8% in February.

Vegetables, fruits and nuts, cereal products, meat and fish registered higher annual rates.

Lower rates were recorded for oils and fats; hot beverages; milk, other dairy products and eggs; cold beverages; and sugar, confectionery and desserts.

“Inflation for cereal products accelerated to 4.3% in March from 3.9% in February. Maize meal remains a key driver in this category, with its annual rate accelerating to 13.1% from 10.6%.

“There is some good news, however. Monthly increases for maize meal have recently slowed, from 4.8% in January to 2.4% in February and 1.4% in March. Coffee and tea drinkers continue to feel pain.

“Although the annual rate for the hot beverages category declined slightly in March, it remains in double-digit territory at 14.4%. In fact, this category has witnessed double-digit inflation in all but 5 of the 32 months since August 2022,” Stats SA said.

Instant coffee is 18.8% and black tea 12.8% more expensive than a year ago.

Alcoholic beverages also added pressure, with prices rising on average by 2.1% between February and March. This took the annual rate to 4.7% from 4.1% in February.

Annual increases were recorded for wine (up 5.3%), beer (up 4.4%) and spirits and liqueurs (up 4.3%). – SAnews.gov.za

MIL OSI Africa –

April 24, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: AG’s civil rights, consumer protection investigation results in $180,000 payment from agricultural grower King Fuji Ranch

Source: Washington State News

KENNEWICK — Following an Attorney General’s Office investigation into discriminatory employment practices and misrepresentations to local farmworkers about agricultural job opportunities, King Fuji Ranch, a Richland-based agricultural company, will reform its hiring practices and pay $180,000 to the Attorney General’s Office.

Attorney General Nick Brown filed today a resolution with the company in Benton County Superior Court that will end the investigation and avoid litigation. King Fuji grows apples and wine grapes in central Washington and is operated by Michael Taggares, who also owns Tagaris Wines.

The legally binding agreement requires King Fuji to reform its hiring practices to protect local farmworkers from being unlawfully displaced by foreign H-2A workers, adopt a nondiscrimination policy the Attorney General’s Office will review and approve, and provide training for the next five years to employees and supervisors about their rights and obligations under state civil rights and consumer protection laws. Once approved by a judge, the agreement will become an enforceable court order.

“Employers cannot discriminate against willing, available local workers in order to abuse foreign visa programs,” said Brown. “The Attorney General’s Office will protect farmworkers in Washington state from employers that break the law.”

“Growers who use the H-2A program are required to show a real labor shortage before they can bring in foreign workers,” said Andrea Schmitt, an attorney with Columbia Legal Services, the legal aid organization that brought the issue of King Fuji’s alleged hiring practices to the attention of the Attorney General’s Office. “In reality, we often see growers deceiving local farmworkers to avoid hiring them because the growers prefer H-2A workers who can’t change jobs regardless of working conditions. We are grateful to the Attorney General’s office for standing up to King Fuji, a grower that was unlawfully pushing local farmworkers aside.”

The H-2A program is intended only for employers who face a shortage of laborers. Employers cannot apply for this program unless they can show that there is a shortage of U.S.-based workers in their region who are willing, qualified and able to work. It is not a free pass to hire foreign H-2A workers who may be more vulnerable and less aware of their rights than U.S.-based workers.

Between 2016 and 2019, King Fuji represented to local farmworkers that it required three months of tree fruit experience for jobs thinning, training, pruning, and harvesting apples and wine grapes. But it communicated a different set of hiring criteria to its H-2A labor recruiter in Mexico — including that they find married men under the age of 35 and without any mention of the requirement that they have three months’ tree fruit experience.

The Attorney General’s Office asserted that hiring male H-2A workers and displacing local male and female workers constitutes sex and national origin discrimination. The Office asserted the deceptive advertising to local workers requiring experience that was not required of H-2A workers from abroad violated the Consumer Protection Act.

Assistant Attorneys General Patricio Marquez, Teri Healy, and Matt Geyman, investigators Alma Poletti and Rebecca Pawul, and paralegal Anna Alfonso handled the case for Washington state.

-30-

The Wing Luke Civil Rights Division works to protect the rights of all Washington residents by enforcing state and federal anti-discrimination laws. It is named for Wing Luke, who served as an Assistant Attorney General for the state of Washington in the late 1950s and early 1960s. He went on to become the first person of color elected to the Seattle City Council and the first Asian American elected to public office in the Pacific Northwest.

Media Contact:

Email: press@atg.wa.gov

Phone: (360) 753-2727

General contacts: Click here

Media Resource Guide & Attorney General’s Office FAQ

MIL OSI USA News –

April 23, 2025
MIL-OSI Europe: Answer to a written question – Inadequacy of the single market uniform tariff measures laid down by Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/2080 – P-000912/2025(ASW)

Source: European Parliament

The Commission is aware of the issues raised in the question, and shares the importance of the uniform classification of goods in the Common Customs Tariff, the cornerstone of the Customs Union .

Therefore, as there still are (despite the existing Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2020/2080) divergent views on the classification of the products at issue (salted and dried tomatoes), the Commission opened a case of divergent classification. The issue was examined at the meeting of the Customs Code committee (25 to 26 March 2025).

The Customs Code Committee that previously voted unanimously on the above Regulation agreed that salting is not a permitted preparation mentioned in the wording of heading 07.12 (‘Dried vegetables, whole, cut, sliced, broken or in powder, but not further prepared’)

The heading covers only dried vegetables, and the drying process does not require the addition of the salt. According to the Explanatory Notes to Chapter 7: ‘Vegetables not presented in a state covered by any heading of this Chapter are classified in […] Section IV. For example, […] vegetables prepared or preserved by any process not provided for in this Chapter fall in Chapter 20’.

The Commission ensured an appropriate re-examination of the case by the Customs Code Committee, taking into consideration all relevant arguments presented by the industry.

The Customs Code Committee confirmed during its meeting, that the products at issue are to be classified in heading 2002 — in line with the above Regulation.

Last updated: 22 April 2025

MIL OSI Europe News –

April 23, 2025
MIL-OSI: Admiral Group agrees to sell its U.S. motor business to JC Flowers

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

Admiral Group agrees to sell its U.S. motor business to JC Flowers

Admiral Group plc announces that it has entered into an agreement to sell its U.S. motor insurance business, including Elephant Insurance Company and Elephant Insurance Services (“Elephant”), to J.C. Flowers & Co. (“J.C. Flowers”), a global private investment firm dedicated to investing in the financial services industry, for an undisclosed cash consideration (before customary adjustments and transaction and related expenses) representing approximately the net asset value of Elephant. The transaction is subject to regulatory approval and is expected to close in Q4 2025.

Headquartered in Richmond, Virginia, Elephant Insurance offers U.S. customers simple and affordable car insurance. The company’s tools allow customers to find the best protection for their needs and budget, with tools that are easy to use and understand.

Costantino Moretti, Head of International Insurance, Admiral Group said:
“In Elephant, we have built a business with a great foundation, and selling the company to J.C. Flowers is the right decision to ensure its future success. J.C. Flowers and Elephant have a shared ambition for generating growth and value. This partnership will allow the business to continue to deliver the high-quality insurance products and services that US motorists need.”

“This is a good outcome not only for Elephant and its employees, but also the Group and our shareholders. This transaction will enable us to focus on the opportunities we see for delivering long-term sustainable growth in our businesses in the UK and Mainland Europe.”

Eric Rahe, Managing Director and Co-President, J.C. Flowers said:
“J.C. Flowers has a long, distinguished history of investing in the insurance industry, and we will leverage our experience to help Elephant Insurance generate new opportunities as a standalone company. We are excited to partner with the Elephant team as the business enters this new stage of development.”

Alberto Schiavon, CEO of Elephant Insurance said: “We are very excited to be joining forces with J.C. Flowers. This partnership will enable us to benefit from their extensive expertise which will play a critical role for the next phase of our growth strategy and add value for our customers, whilst maintaining our distinctive culture.”

ENDS

Notes to Editors
Admiral’s corporate broker, BofA Securities, is acting as exclusive financial advisor and Sidley Austin LLP as legal advisor to Admiral Group in connection with this transaction. Keefe, Bruyette & Woods, A Stifel Company, is acting as exclusive financial advisor and Debevoise & Plimpton LLP as legal advisor to J.C. Flowers in connection with this transaction.

Enquiries

Media:
For Admiral:
Addy Frederick
addy.frederick@admiralgroup.co.uk
+44 (0) 7500 171 810

Analysts and investors:
Diane Michelberger
diane.michelberger@admiralgroup.co.uk
+44 (0) 7881 305 063

For J.C. Flowers:
Jennifer Hurson
Lambert by LLYC
jhurson@lambert.com

About Admiral Group
Admiral Group plc is a leading FTSE 100 Financial Services company offering motor, household, travel and pet insurance as well as personal lending products. Established in 1993 in the UK, the Group now has offices in Canada, France, Gibraltar, India, Italy, Spain, and the US.

About J.C. Flowers & Co
J.C. Flowers is a leading private investment firm dedicated to investing globally in the financial services industry. Founded in 1998, the firm has invested more than $18 billion of capital, including co-investment, in 67 portfolio companies in 18 countries across a range of industry subsectors including banking, insurance and reinsurance, specialty finance, business and insurance services, wealth management and capital markets, payments and software. With approximately $4 billion of assets under management, J.C. Flowers has offices in New York, London and Palm Beach. For more information, please visit www.jcfco.com.

The MIL Network –

April 22, 2025
MIL-OSI China: Chinese agriculture poised for breakthroughs in new quality productive forces

Source: China State Council Information Office

A latest report projects systemic breakthroughs in China’s new quality productive forces in terms of agriculture over the next decade, with grain yield per unit area expected to increase by 7.8 percent.

The China Agricultural Outlook Report (2025-2034), released at the 2025 Agricultural Outlook Conference held at the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) in Beijing on Sunday, reviewed China’s agricultural market performance in 2024 and forecast production, consumption, trade and price trends for major farm products in the course of the next decade.

The report highlighted structural optimization in China’s agricultural supply during 2024 — marked by steady modernization progress and quality development. Notable achievements included enhanced supply of green and high-quality products, with 139,000 new crop germplasm resources collected, 1.07 million livestock genetic materials preserved, and 120,000 aquatic genetic materials documented.

Agricultural technology and infrastructure continued to strengthen in 2024, contributing more than 63 percent to productivity growth, the report said. High-quality crop variety coverage exceeded 96 percent, while comprehensive mechanization reached 75.4 percent. Over 5.33 million hectares of high-standard farmland were newly developed or upgraded, bringing total coverage to 66.67 million hectares.

According to the report, China’s agricultural green development has progressed significantly — with livestock waste utilization reaching 79.4 percent, crop straw utilization exceeding 88 percent, and agricultural film recycling surpassing 80 percent.

The decade-long forecast predicts fundamental improvements in rural revitalization and agricultural modernization. Grain production capacity will achieve both quantitative and qualitative enhancements, with the cultivated area stabilizing at 119 million hectares by 2034.

Supported by accelerated technological advancement and promotion of high-yield, stress-resistant crop varieties, grain yield is projected to rise 7.8 percent to 6,311 kg/ha by 2034. Corn and soybean yields are expected to reach 7,350 kg/ha and 2,775 kg/ha, respectively, the report said.

It noted that rising consumer demand for premium, healthy and diversified agricultural products aligns with China’s economic growth and living standard improvements.

The report also said that agricultural trade patterns will optimize through deeper global supply chain integration — with grain imports expected to decline to 113 million tonnes by 2034. Vegetable and fruit exports are forecast to grow annually by 2.6 percent and 8.8 percent, respectively, maintaining international competitiveness.

Organized by the Agricultural Information Institute of the CAAS, the conference emphasized enhancing comprehensive production capacity to address external uncertainties. It also emphasized advancing AI and emerging technologies to strengthen monitoring systems, reaffirming commitment to building China into an agricultural powerhouse.

The event featured high-level discussions on food security, smart agriculture development, trade coordination mechanisms, and AI-powered market monitoring, reflecting current industry focus areas.

MIL OSI China News –

April 22, 2025
MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) facilitates First Commercial Sea shipment of Indian pomegranates from Maharashtra to USA

Source: Government of India

Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) facilitates First Commercial Sea shipment of Indian pomegranates from Maharashtra to USA

14 Tons of Indian pomegranates exported from Ahilyanagar in Maharashtra to New York, USA

Posted On: 19 APR 2025 9:39AM by PIB Delhi

In a historic initiative towards introducing Indian Pomegranates to distant markets, a landmark commercial sea shipment of the prized Indian Bhagwa variety of Pomegranate has successfully arrived in New York, marking a significant milestone for India’s Fresh Fruits exports. With growing international demand for premium quality of Fresh Fruits, the arrival of this shipment heralds the potential of Indian Pomegranates becoming a preferred choice in the competitive U.S. market.

The Pomegranate season, which traditionally saw air freight as the primary mode of transportation, shifted gears in recent weeks to embrace the cost-effective and sustainable sea freight mode.

After India had been granted market access by USA for Pomegranates, during the season in 2023, the Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) in collaboration with United States Department of Agriculture’s Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service (USDA APHIS), National Plant Protection Organization (NPPO – India) and National Research Centre for Pomegranate, Solapur (NRCP) successfully conducted the trial shipment of Pomegranate to USA by air.

Owing to the success of the static trial to enhance the shelf life of Pomegranates for up to 60 days by APEDA in collaboration with ICAR-National Research Centre for Pomegranate, India had successfully flagged off its first trial commercial sea shipment of Pomegranates comprising of 4200 boxes i.e. 12.6 tons to the U.S. in collaboration with InI Farms from Irradiation Facility Center (IFC), Maharashtra State Agricultural Marketing Board (MSAMB), Vashi, Navi Mumbai in February, 2024.

APEDA facilitated the USDA pre-clearance program for Pomegranates in December, 2024 which played a pivotal role in easing the logistical and regulatory hurdles for Indian agriculture exporters and enabled them to enter the U.S. market. APEDA’s proactive approach in inviting the USDA inspectors for the pre-clearance process three months in advance ensured the smooth and timely arrival of the shipment

The inaugural sea shipment of 4,620 boxes of Indian Pomegranates, weighing approximately 14 tons reached the U.S. East Coast in the second week of March, well within five weeks of the point of departure. The shipment was met with exceptional enthusiasm in New York. The arrival quality was reported as “excellent” and customers were captivated by the remarkable visual appeal and the superior eating quality of the Indian Bhagwa variety of Pomegranates.

Chairman, APEDA, Shri Abhishek Dev remarked, “Government of India has been at the forefront in promoting Indian fresh fruits for the global market. APEDA has been supporting the export of Indian fruits like Mangoes and Pomegranates to USA by funding the pre-clearance program. Indian farmers will achieve better realisation when their fruit gets exported to premium international markets like USA. Indian mangoes have already reached annual exports of around 3500 tons and we hope that Pomegranates will also reach such strong numbers in the years to come”.

This consignment was sent by Kay Bee Exports, a leading exporter of fruits and vegetables from Mumbai and a registered exporter with APEDA. The Pomegranates in this consignment were directly sourced from the farms of Kay Bee Exports, ensuring that the benefits of this export reach Indian farmers at the grassroots level.

“We are thankful to APEDA for facilitating exports of Indian Pomegranates to USA. APEDA’s efforts have ranged from securing market access to setting up export protocols, co-ordinating with multiple stake-holders and organising the pre-clearance program in conjunction with USDA. Kay Bee is specialised in Pomegranates and hope to offer the best fruit that India has to offer. Our customers expect the best fruit quality and we always strive to do so” said Mr. Kaushal Khakhar, CEO, Kay Bee Exports on the successful shipment.

“While Indian Pomegranates have always been recognized for their taste, this shipment has proven that with the right quality and consistency, Indian fresh fruits can meet the discerning tastes of the American consumer,” said a representative from the Indian export consortium. “We are delighted with the reception in the market and are confident that this successful arrival will pave the way for an increase in volumes in the coming seasons.”

Looking ahead, the industry is optimistic that with continued marketing efforts and strategic promotional campaigns, Indian Pomegranates can carve a niche for themselves in the premium U.S. market. In light of the growing success, industry stakeholders sought APEDA’s continued support in launching promotional campaigns for the Indian Pomegranate in the coming year, with the aim of educating U.S. consumers on the fruit’s exceptional eating quality and diverse culinary applications.

India, being the second-largest producer of horticulture crops, sees major Pomegranate production in states like Maharashtra, Gujarat, Karnataka, Rajasthan and Andhra Pradesh. APEDA has established Export Promotion Forums (EPF) specifically for Pomegranates, aimed at boosting exports and removing supply chain bottlenecks. These EPF forums include representatives from the Department of Commerce, Department of Agriculture, state governments, national referral laboratories and the top ten leading exporters, ensuring a collaborative effort in promoting Pomegranate exports.

In the financial year 2023-24, India exported 72,011 metric tons of Pomegranates worth USD 69.08 million. This year, there has been a significant growth in Pomegranate exports from India registering a growth of 21% with a value of USD 59.76 million in the period April – January, 2024-2025. Key export destinations include the United Arab Emirates (UAE), Bangladesh, Nepal, Netherlands, Saudi Arabia, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Bahrain, Oman and USA.

Indian Pomegranates, particularly the Bhagwa variety, are renowned for their rich flavour, deep red colour and high nutritional value. These Pomegranates are packed with antioxidants and vital nutrients, making them a popular choice among health-conscious consumers worldwide.

The Government of India’s commitment to promoting the export of fresh fruits and vegetables, despite their perishable nature, is evident in their development of sea protocols to retain product attributes when exporting to long-distance destinations. This initiative not only reinforces India’s position in global markets but also directly supports Indian farmers by creating sustainable export opportunities.

The steady supply of high-quality fruit, coupled with continued marketing initiatives, will undoubtedly position Indian Pomegranates as a desirable choice for American consumers, ensuring their place on the U.S. retail shelves in years to come.

***

Abhishek Dayal/Nihi Sharma

(Release ID: 2122827) Visitor Counter : 38

MIL OSI Asia Pacific News –

April 20, 2025
MIL-OSI China: Flowers bloom in China

Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

Flowers bloom in China

Updated: April 20, 2025 07:11 Xinhua

A tourist takes photos of peach blossoms in Lanzhou, northwest China’s Gansu Province, April 19, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]

A tourist poses for photos amid peach blossoms in Lanzhou, northwest China’s Gansu Province, April 19, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]

This photo shows peach blossoms in Lanzhou, northwest China’s Gansu Province, April 19, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]

This photo shows cherry blossoms in Beijing, capital of China, April 19, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]

This photo shows cherry blossoms in Beijing, capital of China, April 19, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]

People enjoy cherry blossoms in Beijing, capital of China, April 19, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]

A citizen takes photos of cherry blossoms in Beijing, capital of China, April 19, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]

A citizen poses for photos under cherry blossoms in Beijing, capital of China, April 19, 2025. [Photo/Xinhua]

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MIL OSI China News –

April 20, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: Senator Murray Visits Gilbert Orchards in Yakima to Hear from Growers About How Chaotic Trade Policy is Affecting Their Bottom Lines

US Senate News:

Source: United States Senator for Washington State Patty Murray

Yakima, WA — Today, U.S. Senator Patty Murray (D-WA), Vice Chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, visited Gilbert Orchards, where she met with Owner Sean Gilbert, Orchard Manager Donny Schlect, Northwest Horticultural Council President Mark Powers, and Steve Smith, Vice President of Marketing for the Washington Fruit Growers, to hear about how President Trump’s trade war is affecting their businesses and the tree fruit industry in Washington state.

Gilbert Orchards is a family-owned growing operation that has been in the Yakima Valley for over 125 years, primarily growing apples, pears, and cherries. During the visit, Senator Murray toured the packing facility and heard concerns from Gilbert Orchards and other tree fruit growers about how an escalating trade war and the potential for steep retaliatory tariffs from other nations could hurt their bottom lines and be detrimental for farmers across Washington state. Washington’s tree fruit industry has historically borne the brunt of retaliatory measures for trade and tariffs.

“It was really important to me to hear from local tree fruit growers in Yakima today about how this administration’s trade war is affecting them, and how I can best advocate for them in the other Washington,” said Senator Murray. “Farmers thrive when they can sell their products domestically and internationally—but right now, President Trump is cutting off markets our farmers sell to while increasing their costs. We can help our farmers by opening up more markets for them to sell their products in—not shutting them down. I’ll continue working to end this senseless trade war and help farmers across Washington state succeed.”

“It was good to have Senator Murray visit us today. It’s important for our Members of Congress to understand that Washington state farmers rely on access to global markets and as much certainty around trade policy as possible,” said Northwest Horticultural Council President Mark Powers.

40 percent of jobs in Washington state are tied to international commerce. Washington state is the top U.S. producer of apples, blueberries, hops, pears, spearmint oil, and sweet cherries—all of which risk losing vital export markets if retaliatory tariffs from key trading partners including Canada take effect. Additionally, more than 12,000 small and medium-sized companies in Washington state export goods and will be unlikely to be able to absorb the impact of retaliatory tariffs. Trump’s tariffs during his first term were extremely costly for Washington state—for example, India imposed a 20 percent retaliatory tariff on U.S. apples, causing Washington apple shipments to India to fall by 99 percent and growers to lose hundreds of millions of dollars in exports.

MIL OSI USA News –

April 19, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: Inaugural UConn Hunger Symposium

Source: US State of Connecticut

Congresswoman Jahana Hayes visited UConn Health to speak at the first UConn Hunger Symposium about the vital importance of nutrition access in Connecticut.

Congresswoman Jahana Hayes speaking at the UConn Hunger Symposium.

“Food is a basic need,” Hayes shared, even in America. “Hunger is a policy choice, that is something we can solve for! This one is actually one we can fix.”

Husky Harvest food pantry at UConn Health.

“I would like to welcome you all to the first-ever symposium on hunger,” shared Dr. Adam Perrin, director of Student Wellness and faculty co-director of Student Affairs at UConn School of Medicine. “Hopefully there will be many more to follow. As a family medicine doctor I always ask my patients about this social determinant of health. It’s amazing how much food insecurity is out there. It’s a harsh reality in our communities.”

At the UConn Hunger Symposium Hayes emotionally shared her own past, personal journey with food insecurity, and the struggles she also witnessed in her students as a former public school teacher in Connecticut stressing that, “children need food to learn.”

“We need to ensure food is getting to people. It’s so deeply personal to me, I understand how important these programs are,” said Hayes who recounted her first visit to the UConn Waterbury campus when she was first running for Congress. “Food insecurity came up and they were starting a food pantry at the school.”

UConn President Radenka Maric with Congresswoman Jahana Hayes at the first UConn Hunger Symposium.

Jason Jakubowski, President and CEO of the non-profit CT FoodShare, also participated in the Symposium and applauded UConn for its dedication to now having Husky Harvest food pantries on each of its 7 campuses.

Hayes pointed out startlingly how 3.8 million college students last year experienced food insecurity, and how she has introduced The Closing the College Hunger Gap Act to help them as the Ranking Member of the Nutrition, Foreign Agriculture, and Horticulture Subcommittee. She also works closely in Connecticut with CT Foodshare that has also generously donated food and resources to the Husky Harvest food pantries.

Congresswoman Hayes touring the UConn Health campus food pantry on April 17. 2025.

“Thanks for all that you do,” shared Hayes with the leadership of UConn, UConn Health, its faculty, staff and medical and dental students attending the symposium. “I applaud what you are doing, and in your clinical curriculum. I know the students who train here will be a kind, different type of doctor.”

Dr. Adam Perrin of UConn School of Medicine and Jason Jakubowski, President and CEO of CT FoodShare.

“Food insecurity is real. We have food pantries on each of our campuses. This is very dear to my heart as president of the University,” shared Radenka Maric, president of UConn. “I’m so proud this symposium is taking place.”

The medical school staff including Suzanne Tate and student volunteers founded UConn Health campus’ Husky Harvest food pantry back in 2023 after a survey showed that even 30 percent of its students may struggle at times with food insecurity.

UConn School of Medicine Dean Dr. Bruce T. Liang and Congresswoman Hayes.

“Our students are taught as part of their 4-year curriculum about the vital importance healthy food plays on one’s health,” shared Dr. Bruce T. Liang, dean of UConn School of Medicine. “As a cardiologist I know how critical good nutrition is for a person’s health. As we do more research innovations, nutrition is going to be even more important.”

MIL OSI USA News –

April 18, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: Food Manufacturer Expanding Operations in Fredonia

Source: US State of New York

overnor Kathy Hochul today announced that AgriAmerica Fruit Products LLC has completed the revitalization and upgrade of a 69,000-square-foot grape juice processing facility located at 200 Water Street in the Village of Fredonia. After the initial investment was made to acquire the property in 2018, the company invested more than $2.5 million to purchase and install new machinery within the existing facility that had not been used for any type of production for several years. This project by AgriAmerica has increased Western New York’s fruit processing capacity to better serve the grape farmers in the region.

“The expansion of AgriAmerica’s processing capabilities provides a much-needed production facility for Chautauqua County grape farmers,” Governor Hochul said. “This Western New York Regional Economic Development Council investment is just another example of how we are helping upstate businesses take advantage of the region’s resources to generate growth, opportunity, and create jobs as we work together to initiate future economic prosperity.”

Empire State Development President, CEO and Commissioner Hope Knight said, “This expansion of a Western New York grape processor is a great example of the positive results we can achieve through strategic state investment. By leveraging existing resources, we can support the growth of local companies like AgriAmerica. I am very pleased ESD could help ensure such an important food manufacturer expand and support area farmers in Chautauqua County.”

New York State Department of Agriculture and Markets Commissioner Richard A. Ball said, “New York’s grape growers lead our nation in the production of this specialty crop that supports our agricultural community and grape-related businesses, crafting value-added products, across New York State. The expansion of the AgriAmerica processing facility will provide our state’s producers with another market opportunity and bring New York grape juice to consumers around the world.”

AgriAmerica LLC — a commercial grape farming entity owned by Eric Huddy and Richard Jozwiak — formed AgriAmerica Fruit Products LLC (AAFP) in 2018 specifically to fill the need for a locally owned and operated fruit processing and juice storage facility in Chautauqua County. Just prior to Huddy and Jozwiak taking action, three area grape juice processing plants had closed or went through significant fruit intake reductions. This left more than 25,000 tons of grape crop unprocessed — causing an annual loss of over $3.5 million to local growers.

AAFP serves the Lake Erie Fruit Cooperative, a farmer-owned cooperative with nearly 100 family farm members who are contracted to locally grow more than 10,000 tons of grapes annually. AAFP’s revitalized and upgraded grape juice factory affords the Cooperative an opportunity to provide a viable and sustainable market for its grape growing members. Crop sale returns are distributed amongst members by the Cooperative in a fair and equitable manner in proportion to the tonnage and quality grade of the fruit delivered by each member. In turn, AAFP processes the freshly harvested grapes and manufactures bulk-shipped single strength juices, juice concentrates, pulps and purees. AAFP remains the only grape processing facility in the Lake Erie Region where 100 percent of the products manufactured are export-grade and Kosher for Passover certified. With this, AAFP has been able to establish long-term product supply relationships with well-known Kosher branded juice and wine bottling companies including Royal Wine Corporation and Kedem Foods.

AgriAmerica Fruit Products, LLC, Founding Partner and Managing Member Eric Huddy said, “My business partner Richard Jozwiak and I shared a vision for the future of the old vacant factory in Fredonia. Here in the rural western New York State, the grape industry is absolutely critical. Based on this understanding, AgriAmerica’s Fredonia Grape Juice Factory Revitalization Project received overwhelming support not only from the Village of Fredonia and County of Chautauqua but also throughout the New York’s Lake Erie and Finger Lake grape growing regions, which included numerous towns and counties that had vineyard operators who stood to benefit from this project. We are truly grateful for the awesome level of support we received for this project from the community, the farmers and government at the local, county and state level. The completion of this project will greatly assist AAFP toward remaining as a competitive manufacturer of nearly 2-million gallons of grape juice annually.”

The expansion project consisted of design, engineering, consulting, facility construction/renovations and the installation of new fixtures and machinery. More specifically, the project will allow AAFP to more efficiently and dependably process fresh fruit, pasteurize and chill juices and refrigerate bulk juice storage tank rooms. In addition to bringing the old, existing systems up-to-date, a brand-new, state-of-the-art juice concentration system was installed.

Rather than importing machines from overseas or out-of-state, AgriAmerica selected local companies based in Buffalo, New York to design, manufacture and install the new juice concentration system. Now, the facility is able to manufacture new concentrate products while achieving a high level of transportation savings and promoting a positive impact on the environment because hauling concentrate requires much less transportation than hauling single strength juice. The completion of this project will greatly assist AAFP toward remaining as a competitive manufacturer of nearly 2 million gallons of grape juice annually. On the supply side, the new processing facility has created a stable outlet for family farms to sell their local grape crop. On the demand side, the Fredonia facility is responsible for producing an equivalent of approximately 32-million servings of grape juice per year to people all around the world.

This project will create an additional five full-time jobs and numerous seasonal positions at the Fredonia processing facility, as well as 469 full-time equivalent jobs over the next four years mainly in the agriculture sector and industries allied with agriculture. The Western New York Regional Economic Development Council (WNYREDC), through Empire State Development (ESD), provided a $498,600 capital grant for this priority project through Round 8 of the Regional Economic Development Council Initiative.

WNYREDC Co-Chair and Campus Labs Co-Founder Eric Reich said, “We are always looking to support solid projects that generate jobs and economic opportunity. Because of the Governor’s unwavering commitment to upstate companies, they are taking their business to the next level, growing their workforces and fueling economic opportunities statewide.”

Chautauqua County Executive Paul M. Wendel Jr. said, “AgriAmerica’s investment in Chautauqua County represents more than just the revitalization of a facility—it’s a commitment to the hardworking grape growers who define our region’s agricultural identity. This expansion ensures that local family farms have a reliable, local partner for their harvests and strengthens our position as a leader in juice and wine production. I commend AgriAmerica and Empire State Development for their collaboration on this vital project that brings jobs, opportunity, and long-term growth to our community. I’d also like to thank Mark Geise, our Deputy County Executive for Economic Development and CEO of the County of Chautauqua Industrial Development Agency, for his steadfast leadership in helping to move this project forward. Multi-level partnerships like this—between the state, our county IDA, and local stakeholders—are what make doing business in Chautauqua County strong and why this region continues to be a great place to grow and invest.”

County of Chautauqua Industrial Development Agency CEO Mark Geise said, “I am glad the CCIDA had the opportunity to work with Mr. Huddy and his team at Agri-America, along with the State, to provide financial incentives to bring the Fredonia-based facility back to life thereby creating good paying jobs and supporting the Concord grape farmers in the region.”

Fredonia Mayor Michael Ferguson said, “We are proud to have AgriAmerica as a part of our Fredonia landscape. Our history was built on agriculture and becoming the world’s largest concord grape region, but for a while many farmers struggled to get their grapes processed. We are thrilled to see the expansion of grape processing capacity and production in our community.”

To learn more about the WNYREDC, click here.

About the Regional Economic Development Councils
The Regional Economic Development Council initiative is a key component of the State’s approach to State investment and economic development. In 2011, 10 Regional Councils were established to develop long-term strategic plans for economic growth for their regions. The Councils are public-private partnerships made up of local experts and stakeholders from business, academia, local government, and non-governmental organizations. The Regional Councils have redefined the way New York invests in jobs and economic growth by putting in place a community-based, bottom-up approach and establishing a competitive process for State resources. Click here to learn more.

About Empire State Development
ESD is New York’s chief economic development agency, and promotes business growth, job creation, and greater economic opportunity throughout the state. With offices in each of the state’s 10 regions, ESD oversees the Regional Economic Development Councils, supports broadband equity through the ConnectALL office, and is growing the workforce of tomorrow through the Office of Strategic Workforce Development. The agency engages with emerging and next generation industries like clean energy and semiconductor manufacturing looking to grow in New York State, operates a network of assistance centers to help small businesses grow and succeed, and promotes the state’s world class tourism destinations through ILOVENY. For more information, please visit ESD’s website here, and connect with ESD on LinkedIn, Facebook and X, formerly known as Twitter.

MIL OSI USA News –

April 18, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: Governor Kehoe Announces Nine Appointments to Various Boards and Commissions

Source: US State of Missouri

APRIL 17, 2025

Jefferson City — Today, Governor Mike Kehoe announced nine appointments to various boards and commissions.

Scott Boswell Sr., of Kansas City, was appointed to the Kansas City Board of Police Commissioners.

Dr. Boswell is a recently retired chairman of Commerce Trust and currently serves as a professor for the Executive Master of Business Administration program at the University of Missouri–Kansas City (UMKC). In addition to his professional career, he is an active member of several boards and organizations including the Heart of America Council for the Boy Scouts of America, the UMKC Board of Trustees, the Kansas City Symphony Board, and more. Dr. Boswell earned his Doctor of Business Administration from the University of Missouri–St. Louis, Master of Business Administration from the University of Chicago, and Bachelor of Arts from Westminster College.

Alphonso Hogan II, of St. Louis, was appointed to the Peace Officer Standards and Training Commission.

Mr. Hogan has served as a police officer with the St. Louis Metropolitan Police Department since 2015. Prior to entering into law enforcement, he served in the United States Air Force, earning a rank of E-3 Airman 1st Class before his honorable discharge. Hogan is a legal board member and representative of the St. Louis Police Officers Association. He earned his Missouri Peace Officer license in 2008.

Thomas Leasor, of Wentzville, was appointed to the Peace Officer Standards and Training Commission.

Dr. Leasor is the executive director of the Eastern Missouri Police Academy, overseeing the training of police officer recruits and continued education courses for current police officers as well. He is also a Subject Matter Expert for the Missouri Peace Officers Standards and Training Commission. Dr. Leasor worked in law enforcement before 25 years before retiring and later assuming his current role. He currently sits on the Eastern Missouri Peer Support Council and Lindenwood University Criminal Justice Advisory Board. Dr. Leasor holds a Doctor of Education in Higher Education Administration and Leadership from Maryville University, a Master of Science in Criminal Justice Administration, and a Bachelor of Arts in Criminal Justice from Lindenwood University.

Tracey Lewis, of Kansas City, was reappointed to the Missouri Housing Development Commission.

Mr. Lewis is the president and chief executive officer of Economic Development Corporation. Previously, he served as the senior vice president at the Commerce Trust Company. Lewis was previously appointed to the Missouri Housing Development Commission in 2019. Lewis also sits on the boards of the Truman Medical Center and SchoolSmartKC. Mr. Lewis earned a Master of Business Administration from Cornell University’s Johnson Graduate School of Management and a Bachelor of Science in Marketing Communications from Boston College.

Pat McCuthen, of Jefferson City, was appointed to the Missouri Sentencing Advisory Commission.

Mr. McCuthen is a captain at the Jefferson City Police Department with over 20 years of experience in police instruction, leadership, and operational management. He is highly active in his community, serving on the Council for Drug-Free Youth, Community Resource Counseling Committee, Jefferson City Day Care Center board, Disproportionate Minority Committee, and the Jefferson City Youth Hockey Club board. Mr. McCuthen holds a bachelor’s degree in criminal justice administration from Columbia College and a graduate certificate from the University of Virginia School of Public Safety. He also earned his Missouri Peace Officer license in 1998.

Paul Ogier, of St. Louis, was appointed to the Health and Educational Facilities Authority of the State of Missouri.

Mr. Ogier currently serves as a board member of LeadingAge Missouri and as treasurer of Nursing Facility Agency Corporation (NFAC). Prior to retirement, Mr. Ogier spent over 40 years in the finance industry. He previously served as chief financial officer for Lutheran Senior Services in Brentwood. Mr. Ogier holds a Bachelor of Science in Finance from Missouri State University.

Bryan Strider, of Richmond, was appointed to the Missouri Agricultural and Small Business Development Authority.

Mr. Strider is a fifth-generation farmer and business development manager for Holganix. With deep roots in the farming community and a career built on hands-on experience, Strider’s focuses on advancing sustainable farming practices and helping make farmers for profitable and resilient. He earned his bachelor’s degree in agricultural science from Northwest Missouri State University.

William “Billy” Thiel, of Richmond, was appointed to the Missouri Agricultural and Small Business Development Authority.

Mr. Thiel is a partner of more than 40 years in a family farm that produces corn and soybeans. Thiel was appointed to the Missouri Agricultural and Small Business Development Authority in 2016. He is a past president of the Missouri Corn Growers Association and has been active in the National Corn Growers Association. Thiel also served as chairman of the Missouri Corn Merchandising Council, is a director on the Board of the Rural Electric Association, and a member of the Mid-Missouri Energy Board.

Tom Werdenhause, of Jefferson City, was appointed to the State Board of Registration for the Healing Arts.

Mr. Werdenhause previously served as the general manager and chief executive officer for Three Rivers Electric Cooperative prior to his retirement in 2019. He is the current president of the State Technical College of Missouri Foundation, and past president of the Association of Missouri Electric Cooperatives, Central Electric Power Cooperative, and Missouri Institute of Cooperatives. Mr. Werdenhause earned his Bachelor of Science in Accounting from Central Missouri State University.

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MIL OSI USA News –

April 18, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: Babbidge Library Exhibit Offers Powerful Images of War, and Hope, Created by Ukrainian Children

Source: US State of Connecticut

In the drawing, two little children hold hands, the taller figure with shoulder-length hair.

The shorter figure has hair cropped short, and holds a teddy bear in their other hand, one of the toy’s eyes missing and portrayed as an X.

Between the two is an umbrella, seemingly their only protection from what’s falling from the sky above them – a cluster of ominous black bombs.

‘With faith in victory,’ an original drawing by Anastasiia B., a 14-year-old from Ukraine, from the ‘Children Draw War, Not Flowers’ exhibit, on display at the Babbidge Library until August 1, 2025. (Contributed image)

The umbrella is striped – yellow, blue, yellow – in the colors of the flag of the artist’s home country: Ukraine.

It’s a simple drawing, but poignant, and made ever more so by the fact that the artist who created the work, entitled “With faith in victory,” was only 14 years old when they drew it in September 2022, seven months after Russia launched a military invasion of Ukraine.

This drawing, and many others like it – created by Ukrainian children during the ongoing Russo-Ukraine War – are on display at the UConn Library’s Homer Babbidge Library as part of the “Children Draw War, Not Flowers” exhibit, which opened on April 8.

In the fall of 2022, the Cherkasy Regional Universal Scientific Library, funded by the School of Information at San Jose State University in California, held a drawing competition in 40 public regional libraries in communities where over 220,000 displaced Ukrainians resided.

Children from the ages of 6 to 18 created more than 450 drawings documenting their experiences of war, trauma, and hope. Those drawings are now part of “Children Draw War, Not Flowers,” which has traveled to a number of institutions but will reside at UConn Storrs until later this summer.

Its stop at UConn was made possible by a collaboration with Ulia Gosart from San Jose State University, an assistant professor, scholar, writer, and human rights activist who received her bachelor’s degree from Kiev University of Arts in Ukraine and her master’s in library and information science from Southern Connecticut State University, according to Jean Cardinale ’04 MS, head of communication and marketing for the UConn Library.

“Since the invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Gosart has been supporting Ukrainian libraries by raising awareness and fundraising through programming, including curating this traveling exhibit,” says Cardinale. “She supports her community engaged in war through the power of libraries, and the UConn Library was honored to be asked to take part in her important work.”

The “Children Draw War, Not Flowers” exhibit includes 70 drawings depicting weapons, loss, soldiers, and destroyed buildings and artifacts. But the drawings also show symbols of hope and pride. The blue and yellow colors of the Ukrainian flag are abundant. Angels hover over Ukrainian soldiers. Sunflowers and storks, images of national solidarity, hang over depictions of war.

The exhibit’s goal, explains Cardinale, is to help visitors gain greater understanding of the realities Ukrainian people – and especially Ukrainian children – face in the midst of war.

“Thankfully, living through war is something most of us have not had to experience, and we are geographically so far away that it’s easy to disassociate from what is happening,” Cardinale says. “When you see these pieces where children have drawn themselves amid bombings, fires, and saying goodbye to their homes and their families, you see the trauma that effects children of war.”

The exhibit at the Babbidge Library also includes drawings from the Mia Farrow Collection, donated to the UConn Library’s Archives & Special Collections in 2009, that were made by refugee children escaping war and ethnic cleansing at the Djabal Refugee Camp in Eastern Chad in 2002.

“Our Archives & Special Collections has many collections that focus on documenting human rights violations and struggles for social justice in the United States and internationally,” says Cardinale. “Their guiding principles are to enable us to understand the past to inspire our future. Displaying these two collections of drawings together shows parallels in how children have used art to express their feelings during war.”

For children who may not yet know who to talk with about their feelings, art encourages them to explore their emotions and perceptions through their creativity, Cardinale notes. The images these children have created during two different conflicts, occurring decades apart, show the similarities of their struggles in a powerful and visual way.

‘Ukraine will win!’ an original drawing by Yana Kh., an 8-year-old from Ukraine, from the ‘Children Draw War, Not Flowers’ exhibit, on display at the Babbidge Library until August 1, 2025. (Contributed image)

The exhibit also serves as a reminder that Ukrainian and Ukrainian American students at UConn continue to feel the ongoing impact of the war that may not always be clearly visible to the community at large.

“We have had the opportunity to connect with the Ukrainian Students Association here at UConn, and at the exhibit’s opening reception, they brought their personal experiences of family members directly affected by the war,” she says. “So, it also serves as a reminder that our students may be experiencing many different challenges that we don’t see and deserve some grace during this stressful time of the semester.”

“Children Draw War, Not Flowers” will be on display at the Gallery on the Plaza at the Homer Babbidge Library in Storrs through August 1, 2025.

To view drawings from the “Children Draw War, Not Flowers” collection online, please visit Ukrainian Cultural Heritage Online at gallery.sucho.org/collections.

For more information about this and other exhibits at the UConn Library, as well as collections maintained by the library’s Archives & Special Collections, visit lib.uconn.edu.

MIL OSI USA News –

April 18, 2025
MIL-OSI USA: UConn Amplifies Sustainability Message with Spring Fling

Source: US State of Connecticut

Earth Day and sustainability initiatives at UConn Storrs were celebrated by students during the Earth Day Spring Fling and Zero Waste Barbecue on Wednesday, April 16.

Vendors and clubs set up shop along Fairfield Way to sell sustainable goods and involve members of the UConn community with green initiatives around campus.

“It’s a good way of getting people excited about sustainability,” said Ross Elliott ’26 (CLAS). “People are naturally drawn to free food and music and fun stuff, but at the same time, it actually gets them thinking about what this is all about.”

UConn students participate in goat yoga on the Founders Green during Earth Day Spring Fling on Wednesday, April 16, 2025. (Sydney Herdle/UConn Photo)

One of the featured events was a Party Peddler Bike Tour, where an Office of Sustainability intern shared facts about buildings around campus and how the architecture at UConn incorporates sustainability to help UConn in its strategic plan.

“Herbst Hall, for example, is a LEED-certified building. Every single new UConn building is LEED-certified,” said Amogh Chaubey ’25 (ENG), an intern at the Office of Sustainability. “That means leadership and environmental design.”

There is a bioretention basin beneath the building that helps with stormwater management, Chaubey told passengers. “A lot of the things you don’t really think about, like how come Fairfield Way doesn’t get flooded when it rains, are built into the architecture of our buildings.”

“The bike ride was my favorite part of today,” says Elliott. “It was a great way to learn more about how UConn has committed to sustainability. Everyone was talking, laughing, pedaling and pushing as hard as they can; it was silly, but it was really fun.”

UConn students ride on a party bike on Mansfield Way during Earth Day Spring Fling on Wednesday, April 16, 2025. (Sydney Herdle/UConn Photo)

Elsewhere, the Spring Valley Student Farm gave out free marigolds in recycled newspaper pots; UConn Horticulture Club sold plants; the library had a display of sustainability books; and local vendors sold soaps, dog treats, pins, and more.

The annual class tree-planting ceremony took place as well. Members of the first-year student community planted a tree for the class of 2028. This year’s tree was planted near the Hawley Armory, facing Fairfield Way.

Another event that students participated in was goat yoga on Founders Lawn. “The goats are so friendly, they’ll jump on your back,” said Chaubey. “It gets filled up right away. Getting a seat for that is like getting a Taylor Swift concert ticket, it’s hard.”

The goal of the event is to provoke more conversations about sustainability at a high level, said Chaubey. “Right now, we’re working with Dining to bring the zero-waste barbecue and cupcakes to the celebration. Building that partnership could, down the road, help us work with them to bring zero-waste to our dining halls,” Chaubey says. “Our big goal here is to make sustainability centralized.”

The zero-waste barbecue was the main attraction of the celebrations. Students had a chance to enjoy locally sourced foods, many of which were vegan, vegetarian, and gluten-free. The food waste is run through food cyclers that the Office of Sustainability runs.

The view from the party pedal bike during the Spring Fling (George Velky / UConn Photo)

“It’s almost like a dishwasher,” said Chaubey. “It cycles overnight and gives you this composable dust.”

Students can purchase these composters personally or for their residence halls, Chaubey added. “Our pilot program put them in a bunch of off-campus apartments, and the idea is that students can deal with waste super easily wherever you want.”

And stretch: goat yoga on the Founders Green during Earth Day Spring Fling on Wednesday, April 16, 2025. (Sydney Herdle/UConn Photo)

One way Chaubey encourages students to get involved is by filling out a sustainability literacy survey. This gives the Office of Sustainability a gauge of how students are contributing to sustainability in Storrs and what it can do to improve environmental literacy and green programs around campus.

“I learned about zero-waste vegan food and how that can lead to a more sustainable society,” said Elliott. “I’m not a vegetarian, but I’ve always been interested in how we could shift towards a vegetarian society. It was cool to see how many people were enjoying the vegetarian and vegan barbecue. It surprised me.”

The student response to the festivities was overwhelmingly positive. “It’s windy, it’s cold, but look around, it’s packed,” said Chaubey. “Student engagement is a huge part of our mission, and sustainability can be a ton of fun.”

MIL OSI USA News –

April 18, 2025

MIL-OSI: BlackRock® Canada Announces April Cash Distributions for the iShares® ETFs

Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

TORONTO, April 17, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — BlackRock Asset Management Canada Limited (“BlackRock Canada”), an indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary of BlackRock, Inc. (NYSE: BLK), today announced the April 2025 cash distributions for the iShares ETFs listed on the TSX or Cboe Canada which pay on a monthly basis. Unitholders of record of the applicable iShares ETF on April 25, 2025 will receive cash distributions payable in respect of that iShares ETF on April 30, 2025.

Details regarding the “per unit” distribution amounts are as follows:

Fund Name	Fund Ticker	Cash Distribution Per Unit
iShares 1-10 Year Laddered Corporate Bond Index ETF	CBH	$0.049
iShares 1-5 Year Laddered Corporate Bond Index ETF	CBO	$0.051
iShares S&P/TSX Canadian Dividend Aristocrats Index ETF	CDZ	$0.128
iShares Equal Weight Banc & Lifeco ETF	CEW	$0.066
iShares 1-5 Year Laddered Government Bond Index ETF	CLF	$0.032
iShares 1-10 Year Laddered Government Bond Index ETF	CLG	$0.037
iShares S&P/TSX Canadian Preferred Share Index ETF	CPD	$0.058
iShares US Dividend Growers Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	CUD	$0.102
iShares Convertible Bond Index ETF	CVD	$0.071
iShares Global Monthly Dividend Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	CYH	$0.078
iShares Canadian Financial Monthly Income ETF	FIE	$0.040
iShares U.S. Aggregate Bond Index ETF	XAGG	$0.105
iShares U.S. Aggregate Bond Index ETF⁽¹⁾	XAGG.U	$0.076
iShares U.S. Aggregate Bond Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XAGH	$0.096
iShares Core Canadian Universe Bond Index ETF	XBB	$0.079
iShares Core Canadian Corporate Bond Index ETF	XCB	$0.069
iShares ESG Advanced Canadian Corporate Bond Index ETF	XCBG	$0.119
iShares U.S. IG Corporate Bond Index ETF	XCBU	$0.122
iShares U.S. IG Corporate Bond Index ETF⁽¹⁾	XCBU.U	$0.088
iShares Core MSCI Global Quality Dividend Index ETF	XDG	$0.074
iShares Core MSCI Global Quality Dividend Index ETF⁽¹⁾	XDG.U	$0.044
iShares Core MSCI Global Quality Dividend Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XDGH	$0.057
iShares Core MSCI Canadian Quality Dividend Index ETF	XDIV	$0.115
iShares Core MSCI US Quality Dividend Index ETF	XDU	$0.064
iShares Core MSCI US Quality Dividend Index ETF⁽¹⁾	XDU.U	$0.046
iShares Core MSCI US Quality Dividend Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XDUH	$0.055
iShares Canadian Select Dividend Index ETF	XDV	$0.108
iShares J.P. Morgan USD Emerging Markets Bond Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XEB	$0.059
iShares S&P/TSX Composite High Dividend Index ETF	XEI	$0.136
iShares Core Canadian 15+ Year Federal Bond Index ETF	XFLB	$0.112
iShares Flexible Monthly Income ETF	XFLI	$0.192
iShares Flexible Monthly Income ETF⁽¹⁾	XFLI.U	$0.138
iShares Flexible Monthly Income ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XFLX	$0.179
iShares S&P/TSX Capped Financials Index ETF	XFN	$0.169
iShares Floating Rate Index ETF	XFR	$0.052
iShares Core Canadian Government Bond Index ETF	XGB	$0.050
iShares Global Government Bond Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XGGB	$0.042
iShares Canadian HYBrid Corporate Bond Index ETF	XHB	$0.074
iShares U.S. High Dividend Equity Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XHD	$0.077
iShares U.S. High Dividend Equity Index ETF	XHU	$0.074
iShares U.S. High Yield Bond Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XHY	$0.084
iShares U.S. IG Corporate Bond Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XIG	$0.075
iShares 1-5 Year U.S. IG Corporate Bond Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XIGS	$0.106
iShares Core Canadian Long Term Bond Index ETF	XLB	$0.062
iShares S&P/TSX North American Preferred Stock Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XPF	$0.065
iShares High Quality Canadian Bond Index ETF	XQB	$0.053
iShares S&P/TSX Capped REIT Index ETF	XRE	$0.062
iShares ESG Aware Canadian Aggregate Bond Index ETF	XSAB	$0.048
iShares Core Canadian Short Term Bond Index ETF	XSB	$0.072
iShares Conservative Short Term Strategic Fixed Income ETF	XSC	$0.056
iShares Conservative Strategic Fixed Income ETF	XSE	$0.052
iShares Core Canadian Short Term Corporate Bond Index ETF	XSH	$0.060
iShares ESG Advanced 1-5 Year Canadian Corporate Bond Index ETF	XSHG	$0.120
iShares 1-5 Year U.S. IG Corporate Bond Index ETF	XSHU	$0.137
iShares 1-5 Year U.S. IG Corporate Bond Index ETF⁽¹⁾	XSHU.U	$0.099
iShares Short Term Strategic Fixed Income ETF	XSI	$0.061
iShares ESG Aware Canadian Short Term Bond Index ETF	XSTB	$0.048
iShares 0-5 Year TIPS Bond Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XSTH	$0.271
iShares 0-5 Year TIPS Bond Index ETF	XSTP	$0.299
iShares 0-5 Year TIPS Bond Index ETF⁽¹⁾	XSTP.U	$0.215
iShares 20+ Year U.S. Treasury Bond Index ETF (CAD-Hedged)	XTLH	$0.113
iShares 20+ Year U.S. Treasury Bond Index ETF	XTLT	$0.131
iShares 20+ Year U.S. Treasury Bond Index ETF⁽¹⁾	XTLT.U	$0.102
iShares Diversified Monthly Income ETF	XTR	$0.040
iShares S&P/TSX Capped Utilities Index ETF	XUT	$0.110

⁽¹⁾ Distribution per unit amounts are in U.S. dollars for XAGG.U, XCBU.U, XDG.U, XDU.U, XFLI.U, XSHU.U, XSTP.U, XTLT.U

Estimated April Cash Distributions for the iShares Premium Money Market ETF

The April cash distributions per unit for the iShares Premium Money Market ETF are estimated to be as follows:

Fund Name	Fund Ticker	Estimated Cash Distribution Per Unit
iShares Premium Money Market ETF	CMR	$0.121

BlackRock Canada expects to issue a press release on or about April 24, 2025, which will provide the final amounts for the iShares Premium Money Market ETF.

Further information on the iShares Funds can be found at http://www.blackrock.com/ca.

About BlackRock

BlackRock’s purpose is to help more and more people experience financial well-being. As a fiduciary to investors and a leading provider of financial technology, we help millions of people build savings that serve them throughout their lives by making investing easier and more affordable. For additional information on BlackRock, please visit www.blackrock.com/corporate | Twitter: @BlackRockCA

About iShares ETFs

iShares unlocks opportunity across markets to meet the evolving needs of investors. With more than twenty years of experience, a global line-up of 1500+ exchange traded funds (ETFs) and US$4.3 trillion in assets under management as of March 31, 2025, iShares continues to drive progress for the financial industry. iShares funds are powered by the expert portfolio and risk management of BlackRock.

iShares^® ETFs are managed by BlackRock Asset Management Canada Limited.

Commissions, trailing commissions, management fees and expenses all may be associated with investing in iShares ETFs. Please read the relevant prospectus before investing. The funds are not guaranteed, their values change frequently and past performance may not be repeated. Tax, investment and all other decisions should be made, as appropriate, only with guidance from a qualified professional.

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The MIL Network –

April 17, 2025

MIL-OSI Russia: How MES helps students learn about the history and culture of the capital

Translartion. Region: Russians Fedetion –

Source: Moscow Government – Government of Moscow –

The textbook “My Moscow, I’m proud of you!” “Moscow Electronic School”(MESh) was used almost 125 thousand times. Cartoons, audio books, a dictionary, projects and interactive tasks are available to first-graders, their parents and teachers. They introduce the historical and cultural heritage of Moscow, its present and future.

“Introducing children to the history and culture of their home city is an important part of the educational process. For this purpose, the educational project “My Moscow, I am proud of you!” was launched in 2023. Thanks to it, children can study the architecture, monuments, museums and other iconic objects of the capital in a playful way,” the press service of the capital said.

Department of Education and Science.

The chapters of the manual can be either read or listened to in audio format. An educational cartoon is available for each topic. In the “Tasks” section, children can consolidate their acquired knowledge by solving game tests with automatic verification, and in the “Dictionary” section, they can learn the meanings of new words and view a collection of illustrations.

In the “Projects” section, you can learn how to create models using various techniques. Using step-by-step instructions, children cut out, glue and paint parts, assemble structures, and then combine them into a large three-dimensional model of the Kremlin, modern Moscow, or others. Printed patterns, cardboard, colored paper, yarn, colored pencils, markers, glue, and other materials are used for work.

For the “Flowers of Victory” competition, which took place last year, the children created models of Moscow in different historical periods – from the times of Yuri Dolgoruky to the present day. The capital’s first-graders presented more than 300 projects. Based on the results of the selection, an exhibition was organized in the Victory Museum, where the authors of the best works were awarded.

“Thanks to the educational manual “My Moscow, I am proud of you!” the children are beginning to take an interest in the history of the city. It is great that everything is so visual. The children see what is being discussed, are surprised and ask questions,” said Svetlana Lysaya, a primary school teacher at School No. 338 named after Hero of the Soviet Union A.F. Avdeev.

The textbook “My Moscow, I’m proud of you!” is available in the MES library. You can find out how to use it in the instructions.

“Moscow Electronic School” — a joint project of the capital’s Departments of Education And information technology. It was created in 2016. The unified digital educational platform is available to Moscow teachers, students and their parents. Among the main services of “MESh” are a library of educational materials, an electronic diary and journal, “Moskvenok”, “Student Portfolio” and “Olympiads”.

Providing Moscow schoolchildren with modern digital services increases the efficiency of the educational process, helps young Muscovites plan their time wisely and is in line with the objectives of the “All the Best for Children” national project “Youth and Children”.

MES now offers computer science assignments with automatic checking Easy knowledge: schoolchildren have access to more than 40 digital textbooks in “MESh”

Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

Please Note; This Information is Raw Content Directly from the Information Source. It is access to What the Source Is Stating and Does Not Reflect

https: //vv.mos.ru/nevs/ite/152701073/

MIL OSI Russia News –

April 17, 2025
MIL-OSI Global: King Charles visits the Vatican: my research shows countries that cut ties with the Catholic Church perform better

Source: The Conversation – UK – By Jason Garcia-Portilla, Lecturer in Business Management, University of Winchester

King Charles’s recent visit to the Vatican may appear to be simply a symbolic gesture of ecumenical goodwill. But moments like this provide an opportunity to look at the long-term consequences of church-state relations around the world.

Britain, of course, has a complicated history with the Catholic church. Edward VII (Charles’s great-great-grandfather) was the first UK monarch to visit the Vatican since the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century.

The UK (and much of western Europe) is largely secular today, but this is a global exception: 85% of the world’s population identifies as religious. These beliefs are often passed down through generations, not necessarily chosen freely.

Today’s religious identities have more to do with political decisions made centuries ago than with personal faith. Spain and Portugal are predominantly Catholic not because of the individual choices of their population, but because their monarchs aligned (and maintained the hegemony) of the Roman Catholic church-state. In England, on the other hand, King Henry VIII broke away from Rome in the 1530s, challenging (“protesting”) against the universal papal authority and leading to the establishment of the Church of England.

This religious split also carried over to former colonies. Compare the US, (a Protestant country) to Mexico or Brazil (Catholic countries), and you’ll see the long shadow of these old decisions. My research shows the profound and lasting consequences of religion on these societies.

Diverging nations

In my book Ye Shall Know Them by Their Fruits, I analysed data from 65 countries across Europe and the Americas using both qualitative and quantitative methods.

My findings suggest that countries with historical and legal alignments with the Catholic church — such as Spain, Portugal, Austria, Ireland and much of Latin America — tend to underperform on a number of metrics, including inequality and education, and have more political corruption compared to states that maintained institutional separation (such as through the Protestant Reformation). Historical Protestant countries include the UK, Switzerland, Scandinavian and North American countries.

In particular, countries with strong traditional links to the Catholic church tend to exhibit higher levels of corruption and inequality. They also perform weaker in education, sustainability and competitiveness compared to Protestant countries.

Prosperity and educational differences between Protestants and Roman Catholics are evident even within countries. In Switzerland, the Protestant cantons (such as Geneva and Zurich) are currently the most competitive, while the Roman Catholic cantons (such as Ticino and Valais) are the least competitive. In Germany, Protestants are more educated (0.8 years more) and more prosperous (5.4% higher income) than Catholics.

Differences in economic prosperity and education are even higher comparing data across Protestant and Catholic countries.

Before the Reformation, literacy in England was below 10%, and the Roman church largely monopolised education. The Protestant emphasis on individual reading – especially of the Bible – dramatically increased literacy rates and access to knowledge. This paved the way for broader democratic participation, industrialisation and innovation.

Protestantism similarly proved influential in historical law revolutions, gradually separating society from feudal institutions and papalist medieval canon law.

In Britain, the Reformation was not just a theological shift, but a political one, breaking institutional ties with Rome and affirming national sovereignty. The long-term effects of that decision have echoed through the UK’s democratic and economic development.

Church-state relations

The Vatican’s political influence is often underestimated. The Roman Catholic church is the only religious body that is, at the same time, a sovereign political state – with ambassadors, diplomatic immunity and seats at international forums. The pope holds absolute executive, legislative and judicial authority.

Many of today’s Catholic-majority countries maintain formal relations with the Roman See through bilateral treaties called concordats. These agreements exert the power of the church in countries that have them, and are rarely democratically consulted with the population.

In Colombia, for example, concordats throughout history have linked religion and politics, have given church-influenced groups power over the economy, and allowed Rome to control what is taught in public and private education at all levels.

Since then, liberal efforts have reestablished much of the state’s power. But the effects are still evident in the strong cultural identity and presence of Catholicism in the country. Colombia has one of the highest proportions of adults raised as Roman Catholics in the world (92%), after Paraguay (94%).

The Vatican remains a political actor whose influence is often underestimated.
Collection Maykova/Shutterstock

Historically, informal gestures of religious diplomacy have laid the groundwork for further cooperation and formal agreements with Rome.

But King Charles’s recent Vatican visit is more diplomatic than anything. It reflects modern efforts to maintain and strengthen state-to-state relations and discuss shared global concerns like climate change and peacebuilding.

It is for this reason that the king’s visit matters – not because a formal treaty is on the table, but because it shows the strength of the UK’s experience since the Reformation. An exemplary model of the success of church-state separation, British democracy and prosperity have thrived for centuries – without formal entanglements with the Catholic church.

Dr Jason Garcia-Portilla earned his PhD in Organization Studies and Cultural Theory at the University of St. Gallen (Switzerland), financed with a Swiss Government Excellence Scholarship–ESKAS. Additionally, he holds an MSc in Climate Change and Policy from the University of Sussex in the UK (funded by the British Chevening Scholarship).

– ref. King Charles visits the Vatican: my research shows countries that cut ties with the Catholic Church perform better – https://theconversation.com/king-charles-visits-the-vatican-my-research-shows-countries-that-cut-ties-with-the-catholic-church-perform-better-254357

MIL OSI – Global Reports –

April 17, 2025

*Record Date*	*Payable Date*	Distribution Per Trust Unit
April 30, 2025	May 15, 2025	$0.06
May 31, 2025	June 13, 2025	$0.06
June 30, 2025	July 15, 2025	$0.06

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Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) facilitates First Commercial Sea shipment of Indian pomegranates from Maharashtra to USA14 Tons of Indian pomegranates exported from Ahilyanagar in Maharashtra to New York, USA

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Diverging nations

Church-state relations

Agricultural and Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) facilitates First Commercial Sea shipment of Indian pomegranates from Maharashtra to USA

14 Tons of Indian pomegranates exported from Ahilyanagar in Maharashtra to New York, USA