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Category: India

  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: With robust and high end Common computing facility in place, India all set to launch its own safe & secure indigenous AI model at affordable cost soon: Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw

    Source: Government of India (2)

    With robust and high end Common computing facility in place, India all set to launch its own safe & secure indigenous AI model at affordable cost soon: Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw

    Compared to global models costing 2.5 to 3 dollars per hour usage, India’s AI Model will cost less than less than 100 rupees per hour after 40% government subsidy; Attractive half yearly & annual plans will make it more affordable

    Multiple foundational models for Indian context, in Indian languages, likely to be ready later this year will help researchers, students & people at large for its low cost, fast computing & prompt results.

    To begin with, 18 citizen centric applications pertaining to agriculture sector, learning disability & climate change to be part of this AI Model

    DeepSeek will get hosted on Indian servers after security protocol checks so that users, coders, developers can benefit from its Open Source Code

    Posted On: 30 JAN 2025 6:07PM by PIB Delhi

    India is all set to launch its own safe & secure indigenous AI model at an affordable cost. Union Minister for Electronics & Information Technology, Railways, Information & Broadcasting, Shri Ashwini Vaishnaw today announced this in New Delhi at Electronics Niketan. Interacting with the media, the Union Minister said that the Indian AI model is a timely step as India is a trusted nation among the comity of nations & therefore it will help India emerge as a more reliable technological powerhouse of ethical AI solutions in the days to come. Backed by a high-end common computing facility, the India AI mission is now closer to customising indigenous AI solutions for the Indian context using Indian languages. He said that scientists, researchers, developers and coders are working on multiple foundational models in this regard & with the given pace, the Union Minister expressed hope that the Indian AI model is likely to be ready within 6 months.

     

    The AI model is beginning with the computation facility of roughly 10000 GPUs. Soon the remaining 8693 GPUs will be added. It will largely benefit researchers, students & developers in the beginning. The Technical partners who are participating in the mission have  expressed a lot of confidence in the ability of the mission to deliver its objective of democratising access to computing & that too at a very competitive rate. Government has decided to give it to the users for less than 100 rupees per GPU after subsidising the 40% of the cost. Compared to global models costing 2.5 to 3 dollars per hour usage, India’s AI Model will cost less than less than 100 rupees per hour after 40% government subsidy. The attractive half yearly & annual plans will further make it more affordable.

     

     

    Within 10 months of the launch of India AI Mission, Ministry of Electronics & Information Technology, is able to get an unprecedented response & create a high end & robust common computing facility of about 18,693 Graphic Processing Unit, GPUs ready for use. It is about nine times of what Open Source Model DeepSeek has & about two third of what ChatGPT has. Answering queries of the media, the Union Minister said that DeepSeek can get hosted on Indian servers after security checks so that coders, developers & designers can take benefit of its Open Source code.

    Safety and ethical deployment of AI Model remains top priority for the government. Expressing this commitment, the Union Minister announced that India is establishing an AI Safety Institute, adopting a techno-legal approach.

    The Key safety-related projects in this regard include following 8 simultaneous efforts to ensure the privacy of data along with ethical auditing of algorithmic efficiency.

    • Machine Unlearning (IIT Jodhpur)
    • Synthetic Data Generation (IIT Roorkee)
    • AI Bias Mitigation Strategy (NIT Raipur)
    • Explainable AI Framework (Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Pune & Minecraft Technologies)
    • Privacy Enhancing Strategies (IIT Delhi, IIIT Delhi, IIT Dharwad & Telecom Engineering Centre, TEC)
    • AI Ethical Certification Framework (Tool Nishpaksh being developed at IIIT Delhi & TEC)
    • AI Algorithm Auditing Framework (Tool Parakh being developed by Civic Data Labs )
    • AI Governance Testing Framework (Amrita Vidyapeetham & Telecom Engineering Centre)

     

    In addition, Watermarking and labeling, Deep fake detection tools, Real time identification and mitigation, AI risk management are five other projects AI Mission is running to make India’s AI model safe & secure from a privacy point of view. This initiative aims to benefit researchers, students, and the public with its low-cost, fast computing capabilities and its prompt results. The Indian AI Model will help promote innovation & develop citizen centric better governance tools including many industrial uses having humongous potential to harness technological benefits for the people at large.

    Common Compute Facility is the strong foundation for Democratic AI Development

    Under the India AI Mission, a huge computing infrastructure has been developed, surpassing global benchmarks in a short time. The facility now houses 18,693 GPUs, including 12,896 H100, 1,480 H200, and 7,200 MI 200 300 units, significantly exceeding the initial target of 10,000 GPUs. To put this capacity into perspective, DeepSeek was trained on 2,000 GPUs, while ChatGPT required 25,000 GPUs. This vast computing power will not only accelerate research, model training, help ethical AI algorithm development and foster innovation in India’s AI ecosystem.

    A common compute platform has been created, ensuring accessibility to all stakeholders. Approximately 10,000 GPUs are already available, and technical partners have expressed confidence in the mission’s capability to deliver world-class AI solutions. Following approval, this facility will soon be operational for widespread use.

    India’s Own AI Model: Built for Local Context

    Over the past one & half year, India has been developing a robust AI ecosystem framework to support its own foundational AI model. This model will address Indian linguistic and contextual needs while eliminating biases, ensuring inclusivity and promoting fairness. Leading developers and researchers are working towards completing multiple foundational models within 8 to 10 months, leveraging algorithmic efficiency to achieve cost-effective and timely development.

    Experts believe that India’s AI model will meet the country’s diverse requirements, bringing forth a high level of innovation tailored for Indian users.

    AI Applications to Benefit Citizens

    The India AI Mission focuses on developing AI applications in critical sectors such as agriculture, healthcare, weather forecasting, and disaster management. Eighteen applications have been identified in these domains to harness AI for societal benefits. The initiative will address challenges such as climate change, learning disabilities, and agritech solutions, ensuring AI contributes to the well-being of millions.

    Affordable Compute Facility for AI Development

    India’s Compute facility is being offered at highly competitive rates. The cost per GPU hour is approximately ₹115.85, significantly lower than the global benchmark of $2.5–$3 per hour. High-end computing will be available at ₹150 per hour, with a 40% government subsidy reducing the cost to less than ₹100 per hour for common Compute access. This affordability ensures democratized AI access, empowering startups and researchers alike.

    The initiative offers competitive six-month and annual compute rate packages. The facility has garnered international appreciation, including recognition at Davos, reinforcing India’s position as a trusted global AI hub.

    Future Roadmap and Sustainability

    The India AI Mission operates under a four-year sunset clause with long-term sustainability. As India advances in its semiconductor journey, the government is strategically developing its ecosystem with clarity and systematic planning. With over $30 billion invested in the semiconductor mission, India’s AI aspirations align with its broader technological vision.

    The Union Minister said that DeepSeek and other foundational models can be hosted on Indian servers, similar to previous initiatives like LLaMA. He added, AI’s real impact lies in industrial applications beyond chatbots and image generation, It will address real-world challenges such as:

    • Health of oil drilling rigs
    • Railway ticketing optimization
    • Soil health monitoring for agriculture
    • Weather and cyclone prediction

    The mission also emphasizes AI safety through real-time detection tools, deep-fake mitigation, and robust AI risk management strategies. Stanford ranks India among the top nations in AI education, with 240 universities offering AI courses and 100 universities equipped with 5G labs.

    With a focus on democratic, inclusivity, affordability, and innovation, India is set to emerge as a global AI powerhouse, shaping the future of artificial intelligence for societal and industrial advancements.

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    Dharmendra Tewari/Shatrunjay Kumar

    (Release ID: 2097659) Visitor Counter : 81

    MIL OSI Asia Pacific News –

  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: NHRC, India takes suo motu cognisance of the reported death of 474 homeless persons within a span of 56 days during this winter season in Delhi

    Source: Government of India (2)

    NHRC, India takes suo motu cognisance of the reported death of 474 homeless persons within a span of 56 days during this winter season in Delhi

    About 80 percent of the unidentified dead bodies in Delhi reported being of homeless individuals

    The lack of availability of essential protective measures such as warm clothing, blankets, and adequate shelters cited as the reasons

    The Commission issues notices to the Chief Secretary and the Commissioner of Police, Delhi calling for a detailed report in the matter within one week

    Posted On: 30 JAN 2025 5:55PM by PIB Delhi

    The National Human Rights Commission (NHRC), India has taken suo motu cognisance of a media report that according to the Centre for Holistic Development (CHD), an NGO working with the homeless, about 474 persons have lost their lives within a span of 56 days during this winter season in Delhi. Reportedly, these deaths have taken place between 15th December, 2024 to 10th January, 2025, due to the unavailability of essential protective measures such as warm clothing, blankets, and adequate shelters. According to the reported claim of the NGO, about 80 percent of the unidentified dead bodies in Delhi are believed to be homeless individuals.

    The Commission has observed that the contents of the news report, if true, raise a serious violation of human rights. Therefore, it has issued notices to the Chief Secretary and the Commissioner of Police, Delhi calling for a detailed report in the matter within one week.

    According to the media report, carried on 16th January, 2025, many shelters in the National Capital are unable to meet the demand and those, that are available, often lack essential facilities like heating and hot water, leaving the individuals exposed to the bitter cold. Citing a few specific examples of the people living on the streets, the media report has also stated that they are facing numerous health challenges including respiratory infections, skin ailments flair-ups and deteriorating mental health.

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    NSK

    (Release ID: 2097653) Visitor Counter : 79

    MIL OSI Asia Pacific News –

  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: Raksha Rajya Mantri presents awards to best Marching Contingents and Tableaux of Republic Day Parade 2025

    Source: Government of India

    Posted On: 30 JAN 2025 5:47PM by PIB Delhi

    Raksha Rajya Mantri Shri Sanjay Seth presented awards to the best Marching Contingents and Tableaux of Republic Day Parade 2025 at Rashtriya Rangshala Camp in Delhi on January 30, 2025. Shri Sanjay Seth also conferred special prizes to CPWD Tableau and artists of cultural performance, along with six mementos to the representatives of the tractor companies.

    Three panels of judges were constituted to assess the performance of Marching Contingents from the Services & Central Armed Police Forces (CAPF)/other auxiliary forces and tableaux from various States/Union Territories (UTs) & Ministries/Departments of the Central Government. The panels have declared the following results:

    • Best Marching Contingent among Services – Jammu & Kashmir Rifles Contingent
    • Best Marching Contingent among CAPFs/other auxiliary forces – Delhi Police Marching Contingent
    • Top three tableaux (States/UTs)
      • 1st – Uttar Pradesh (Mahakumbh 2025 – Swarnim Bharat: Virasat aur Vikas)
      • 2nd – Tripura (Eternal Reverence: The worship of 14 Deities in Tripura – Kharchi Puja)
      • 3rd – Andhra Pradesh (Etikoppaka Bommalu – Eco-Friendly Wooden Toys)
    • Best Tableau from Central Ministries/Departments
      • Ministry of Tribal Affairs (Janjatiya Gaurav Varsh)
    • Special Prize:
      • Central Public Works Department (75 years of Constitution of India)
      • ‘Jayati Jai Mamah Bharatam’ Dance Group

    In addition, an online poll was conducted on the MyGov portal from January 26 to 28, 2025 for the citizens to vote for their favourite tableau and Marching Contingents as ‘Popular Choice Category. The results are as under:

    • Best Marching Contingent among Services – Signals Contingent
    • Best Marching Contingent among CAPFs/other auxiliary Forces – CRPF Marching Contingent
    • Top three tableau (States/UTs)
      • 1st – Gujarat (Swarnim Bharat: Virasat Aur Vikas)
      • 2nd – Uttar Pradesh (Mahakumbh 2025 – Swarnim Bharat: Virasat aur Vikas)
      • 3rd – Uttarakhand (Uttarakhand: Cultural Heritage and Adventure Sports)
    • Best tableau from Central Ministries/Departments – Ministry of Women & Child Development (Multifaceted journey of women and children nurtured under the Ministry’s comprehensive schemes)

    Raksha Rajya Mantri in his address recalled the words of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi that the participation of individuals in Republic Day Parade showcases the love & dedication of people towards the nation. Shri Sanjay Seth emphasised on the fact that all the tableaux showcased creativity through the structures. Reiterating the vision of Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi of Viksit Bharat by 2047, he stated that it is not the contribution of just one person but the resolve of 140 crore Indians to make the country one of the strongest nation in the world.

    Shri Sanjay Seth thanked the Ministry of Culture for taking up the challenge of creating a new Guinness World Record of 5,000 artists in the Cultural Performance. He stressed that the people from all over the country were impressed by the performance. As part of the event, Raksha Rajya Mantri also witnessed three cultural performances by the Tableaux Artists.

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    SR/KB

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    MIL OSI Asia Pacific News –

  • MIL-OSI Canada: Funding helps build resilient communities through stronger climate adaptation

    Source: Government of Canada regional news

    The Community Emergency Preparedness Fund is administered through the Union of BC Municipalities (UBCM), and funds projects that support local governments and First Nations to better prepare for disasters and reduce risks from hazards in a changing climate.

    Communities throughout British Columbia will receive more than $19 million from the Community Emergency Preparedness Fund as follows.

    Funding is divided into three categories:

    • Category 1 (C1): Foundational activities (risk mapping, risk assessments, planning)
    • Category 2 (C2): Non-structural activities (land-use planning, community education, purchase of eligible equipment)
    • Category 3 (C3): Small-scale structural activities

    Canal Flats – C3: Phase 1 dike improvement project
    Amount: $400,000

    Clearwater – C2: Improvements for stormwater management
    Amount: $138,000

    Comox Valley Regional District – C2: Extreme-weather equipment
    Regional partners: Comox, Courtenay, Cumberland, K’ómoks First Nation
    Amount: $100,000

    Coquitlam – C1: Disaster-risk reduction planning
    Amount: $150,000

    Cranbrook – C3: Gold Creek dam replacement
    Amount: $5 million

    Creston – C1: Hazard, risk and vulnerability assessment
    Amount: $150,000

    Delta – C1: Mason drainage pump station design
    Amount: $150,000

    Fraser-Fort George Regional District – C1: Regional heat and drought threat assessment/mapping; C2: Partner engagement to improve hazard-resilient development
    Regional partners: Prince George, McBride, Mackenzie, Valemount, Lheidli-T’enneh First Nation, McLeod Lake Indian Band
    Amount: $716,876

    Hope – C1: Hazard identification and risk mapping
    Amount: $150,000

    Invermere – C3: Toby Dike upgrades
    Amount: $810,000

    Kamloops – C1: Watershed climate change adaptation planning
    Amount: $150,000

    Keremeos – C1: Hazard, risk and vulnerability analysis
    Amount: $49,800

    Kitasoo Xai’xais Nation – C1: Climate adaptation planning
    Amount: $77,200

    Kwikwetlem First Nation – C1: Flood-mitigation project design
    Amount: $145,190

    Lake Country – C1: Climate change hazard, risk and vulnerability assessment
    Amount: $150,000

    Lower Similkameen Indian Band – C1: Hazard risk and vulnerability planning
    Amount: $49,800

    Lumby – C1: Lumby industrial area dike planning
    Amount: $150,000

    Merritt – C2: Bulk bags for flood response; C3: Voght Street overland water pumping station
    Amount: $4.8 million

    Nelson – C1: Community preparation for extreme temperatures
    Amount: $95,280.00

    Okanagan-Similkameen Regional District – C2: Tiger Dam trailers for emergency flood response
    Regional Partners: Osoyoos, Keremeos, Lower Similkameen Indian Band
    Amount: $600,000

    Oliver – C1: Hazard, risk and vulnerability assessment
    Amount: $50,000

    Osoyoos – C1: Hazard, risk and vulnerability assessment
    Amount: $49,150

    Osoyoos Indian Band – C1: Hazard, risk and vulnerability assessment
    Amount: $50,000

    Peace River Regional District – C1: Hazard assessment, mapping and risk management
    Regional Partners: Blueberry River First Nations, Chetwynd, Dawson Creek, Doig River First Nation, Pouce Coupe, Tumbler Ridge, Hudson’s Hope, Saulteau First Nations, Taylor, Halfway River First Nation, West Moberly First Nations
    Amount: $1.35 million

    Pemberton – C1: Arn Canal pumping station design
    Amount: $60,000

    Richmond – C2: Flood protection and rain gauge monitoring stations
    Amount: $150,000

    Sema:th First Nation (Sumas) – C3: Floodwater conveyance project
    Amount: $195,440

    Skeetchestn Indian Band – C1: Flood-mitigation planning
    Amount: $89,500

    Sḵwx̱wú7mesh Úxwumixw (Squamish Nation) – C1: Assessment for tree planting to reduce extreme-heat hazards
    Amount: $148,722

    SnPink’tn (Penticton Indian Band) – C1: Hazard, risk and vulnerability planning
    Amount: $60,650

    Sooke – C1: Climate adaptation and natural hazard-risk assessment
    Amount: 150,000

    Strathcona Regional District – C1: Port McNeill climate change infrastructure impact assessment; Gold River Road to Tsa’xana Road slope stability assessment; C2 Tsunami and flood-mitigation public information and education; C3: Cortes Kw’as Park and Road flood mitigation
    Regional partners: Mount Waddington Regional District, Mowachaht/Muchalaht First Nation, Nuchatlaht First Nation, Port McNeill, Tahsis, Zeballos
    Amount: $354,960

    Stswecem’c Xgat’tem First Nation (Canoe Creek) – C1: Extreme-weather planning
    Amount: $105,000

    Tlowitsis Nation – C1: Risk mapping, assessment and planning; C2: sub-regional road map, public engagement and workshops
    Amount: $296,700

    Vancouver – C1: Streets network seismic and flooding risk assessment – Phase 1; C2: Extreme-weather mitigation equipment
    Amount: $300,000

    Vanderhoof – C3: Riverbank erosion mitigation
    Amount: $59,410

    West Kelowna – C1: Pike and Capri roads diking design
    Amount: $150,000

    Whispering Pines/Clinton Indian Band – C1: Heat-impact mitigation planning
    Amount: $36,700

    Xwémalhkwu (Homalco) – C1: Wetland restoration design; C2: Public education project; C3: Willow Creek watershed resilience, culvert replacement
    Amount: $1.54 million

    MIL OSI Canada News –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Central India’s indigenous forests are falling victim to bullets and bulldozers

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Bulbul Prakash, PhD Candidate in Politics, University of Manchester

    The state of Chhattisgarh in India’s tribal heartland has been the epicentre of a violent conflict for more than 30 years. This struggle has pit a Maoist-inspired group called the Naxalites, who are fighting for the rights of marginalised tribal communities, against the Indian government, which has deployed security forces to suppress the insurgency. More than 11,600 people have been killed in the conflict since 2000.

    At the same time, Chhattisgarh is also grappling with the pressures of rapid industrialisation. Large-scale mining and infrastructure projects are threatening both the land and livelihoods of the state’s indigenous (or Adivasi in Sanskrit) communities.

    Around 44% of the region’s land area is covered by dense forests. These forests are home to vital plant and animal species such as Mahua and Sal trees. However, these forests are being damaged. Trees are being ravaged by gunfire, animals are being killed by explosions, and the fragile ecosystem that sustains people and wildlife in Chhattisgarh is gradually crumbling.

    Soni Sori, an Adivasi activist, has shared images with me that have been taken by Adivasis in the forests of Chhattisgarh. The photos highlight the damage being caused by gunfire, explosions and shelling.

    Bullets tear through bark, while explosions strip it away, leaving trees vulnerable to pests and disease. Shrapnel and shock waves from blasts also sever branches or trunks, which further weakens the trees and causes long-term damage.

    Fresh bullet wounds on a Sal tree in Chhattisgarh.
    Soni Sori, CC BY-NC-ND

    The destruction of Mahua and Sal trees has had a particularly devastating impact on women from Adivasi communities.

    The Mahua tree, which is often called the “tree of life” by locals, provides an essential lifeline for many Adivasi women. Its flowers are fermented to make alcohol, which offers a crucial source of income when it is sold in local markets.

    When men are drawn into Naxal movements or caught in the state’s counterinsurgency efforts, women often step in and use the income from Mahua flowers and oil to fund their children’s education, sustain their families, and repay debts.

    In the town of Dantewada in southern Chhattisgarh, locals even hold a special ceremony where they “marry” the Mahua tree, honouring its life-sustaining role in their community.

    Sal trees, which form much of Chhattisgarh’s forest cover, play a crucial role in stabilising the soil. Their loss leads to erosion and increases the risk of floods and landslides. Climate change, and the increasingly erratic rainfall it brings, has compounded these risks.

    An unexploded mortar shell partially buried in Chhattisgarh.
    Soni Sori, CC BY-NC-ND

    The loss of essential resources like Mahua trees will only exacerbate food insecurity and economic hardship, pushing Adivasis further into poverty. The average annual income of Adivasi households in Chhattisgarh was just ₹53,610 (around £505) in 2022 – well below the national agricultural household average of ₹122,616.

    The conflict in Chhattisgarh is also harming the region’s wildlife. In December, a female sloth bear was killed by an improvised explosive device planted by Maoist rebels in the forests of Dantewada. The bear’s two orphaned cubs starved to death shortly after.

    This was the first recorded death of a wild animal from such an explosion in Bastar district, though livestock and pets have been victims of similar blasts in the past.

    One month earlier, in central Chhattisgarh’s Udanti-Sitanadi Tiger Reserve, a five-year-old elephant calf sustained critical injuries from a suspected bomb explosion. These incidents reflect a disturbing pattern within the conflict, where wildlife is becoming a victim of the violence.

    March of industrialisation

    Industrialisation has exacerbated these challenges. Chhattisgarh is rich in mineral resources. Between 2023 and 2024, the state produced nearly 50 million tonnes of limestone, 44 million tonnes of iron ore, and over 1 million tonnes of bauxite. However, widespread mining is fuelling further deforestation and environmental degradation.

    Between 2001 and 2023, the state lost 53,500 hectares of forest, with large-scale mining operations contributing significantly to the loss. In the Hasdeo region of northern Chhattisgarh, the Parsa East Kete Basen coal mine has led to the felling of almost 82,000 trees, spread across two phases of mining. Between 2012 and 2018, 50,000 trees were felled, with more than 31,800 more trees cut down since then.

    With continued political support for mineral extraction, government approvals, and the involvement of commercial mining giants, more deforestation is expected over the coming years.

    This deforestation is, unsurprisingly, harming the region’s wildlife. The latest census by the National Tiger Conservation Authority, which was carried out in 2022, revealed a sharp and alarming decline in Chhattisgarh’s tiger population.

    At that time, there were only 17 tigers remaining in the state – a dramatic fall from 46 in 2014. Conservationists fear that the figure could now be even lower, as the situation continues to deteriorate.

    This decline is largely due to habitat destruction. But it has probably been made worse by the Maoist insurgency in regions such as northern Chhattisgarh, which is home to the Achanakmar Tiger Reserve, as well as the Indravati Tiger Reserve in the south-western part of the state.

    The insurgency has hindered conservation efforts. The use of explosives in the forests disrupts the behaviour of tigers, while also making it more difficult for conservationists to monitor and protect them.

    What was once a lush and bio-diverse environment is rapidly becoming a wasteland. But the loss of these trees and wildlife in Chhattisgarh represents more than simply the depletion of natural resources. It symbolises the erosion of culture, identity, and a way of life for Chhattisgarh’s Indigenous people.

    Bulbul Prakash is supported by The University of Manchester through the ‘Future of the Academy Studentship’ for her doctoral research. The author would like to acknowledge the invaluable contribution of Adivasi activist Soni Sori, who shared firsthand images taken by Adivasi community members in the forests of Chhattisgarh, which illustrate the environmental damage caused by ongoing conflict.

    – ref. Central India’s indigenous forests are falling victim to bullets and bulldozers – https://theconversation.com/central-indias-indigenous-forests-are-falling-victim-to-bullets-and-bulldozers-246272

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Security: U.S. Attorney’s Office Secures 19-Year Sentence in Drug Trafficking Case

    Source: Office of United States Attorneys

    ALBUQUERQUE – A Colorado man was sentenced to 228 months in prison for drug trafficking after being caught during a traffic stop on Interstate 25 within the Kewa Pueblo reservation.

    There is no parole in the federal system.

    According to court documents, on June 14, 2023, a BIA K9 Officer observed Juan Hugo Lugo, 29, speeding and following too closely to other vehicles on Interstate 25 near mile marker 250.

    During the subsequent traffic stop, the officer observed two large black and yellow storage bins partially covered with T-shirts in the rear cargo area, and another bin on the rear passenger seat containing multiple large plastic-wrapped bundles suspected to be methamphetamine. The officer also observed a white powdery substance inside Lugo‘s nostrils.

    When questioned in the police vehicle, Lugo admitted to possessing personal use cocaine and having just taken a “bump.”

    A probable cause search of the vehicle revealed multiple plastic-wrapped bundles containing a crystal-like substance suspected to be methamphetamine and five brick-shaped packages suspected to contain cocaine. Additionally, a loaded 9mm Glock 19 firearm was found in the passenger compartment.

    The total seizure was 96.1kilograms of methamphetamine and 4.9 kilograms of cocaine.

    Upon his release from prison, Lugo will be subject to five years of supervised release.

    U.S. Attorney Alexander M.M. Uballez made the announcement today.

    The Bureau of Indian Affairs investigated this case with the assistance of the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. Assistant United States Attorney Raquel Ruiz Velez is prosecuting the case.

    # # #

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Nigeria’s plastic bottle collectors turn waste into wealth: survey sheds light on their motivation

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Solaja Mayowa Oludele, Lecturing, Olabisi Onabanjo University

    Plastic waste in Nigeria presents a dual challenge: cleaning up environmental pollution, and tapping into its economic potential.

    Many countries worldwide face similar challenges. India, for one, has chosen policies that give producers of plastic the responsibility to manage their waste. Rwanda has banned single-use plastic and promoted recycling initiatives led by communities.

    These approaches show it’s possible to address plastic waste issues while fostering economic opportunities.

    Read more: Nigeria’s plastic ban: why it’s good and how it can work

    In Nigeria, informal collectors of plastic bottle waste are central to achieving both of these goals. They turn waste into monetary value.

    Previous research has highlighted the environmental and economic benefits of collecting plastic bottle waste. There’s been less attention on what shapes perceptions of waste collection as a business, particularly in Nigeria.

    This article explores that gap, looking at the socio-cultural, economic and environmental influences on those perceptions.

    I am a researcher in the areas of plastic waste management, environmental governance and sustainable development. My work includes studying homes made from recycled plastic bottles in sustainable community-based housing projects.

    Here I’ll be drawing from an exploratory survey conducted in the Ijebu area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Using a questionnaire, we surveyed 86 participants who had at least five years of experience in the plastic waste industry.

    The study identified factors like education, family size, religion, gender, age, and economic dynamics as relevant to participation in the business of plastic bottle waste collection.

    Understanding these influences might help the government to target policies.

    Read more: Nigeria is the world’s 2nd biggest plastic polluter: expert insights into the crisis

    Education level and information

    Our study found that participants with higher education levels better understood the economic benefits of plastic waste collection as a systematic form of business. The less educated participants viewed waste collection more as a hand-to-mouth way of earning a living.

    Education programmes built into waste management campaigns could improve recognition of waste collection as a structured and profitable business opportunity and develop a business-like culture among the collectors.

    Parenthood, family size and financial obligations

    Family size was a factor affecting perceptions of plastic bottle waste collection as a business. People with large families saw waste collection as a feasible way to provide food, housing, education and other essentials.

    However, the association of waste collection with income instability highlights the need to formalise and stabilise the sector. Waste collection must be made into a sustainable and reliable business model.

    Religion and cultural norms

    Religion and cultural beliefs emerged as influences from our survey. This was evident in the responses of people who followed African traditional religions and Islam.

    These respondents viewed waste collection as financially feasible, aligning with religious teachings that emphasise resource management and stewardship. For example, Islamic teachings on israf (avoiding wastefulness) and zakat (charity) promote efficient resource use and economic activities that benefit communities.

    Similarly, African traditional religion often emphasises communal responsibility and the sustainable use of resources. These religious principles underscore the cultural acceptance of waste collection as both a practical and a morally guided economic activity.

    Other cultural norms, such as the value placed on communal responsibility and cooperation, also influenced attitudes towards waste collection. In communities with a strong tradition of collective action, where unity and mutual support are highly valued, waste collection is often viewed as a collaborative effort.

    These cultural norms reinforce the idea that waste collection is not just an individual task, but a collective duty that benefits the entire community.

    Read more: Informal waste management in Lagos is big business: policies need to support the trade

    Gender dynamics

    Gender plays a role in perception and practice in waste collection. Our survey found that male participants were more likely than female participants to perceive this activity as a business.

    As constrained as they are by lack of access to resources, women are involved in separating and marketing reusable items. Measures like microfinance could increase women’s engagement and business opportunities.

    This would empower women and make waste collection a more inclusive and sustainable business.

    Age and desire to be an entrepreneur

    Perceptions were influenced by age in our study. Younger individuals, up to 14 years old, viewed plastic bottle waste collection as a gateway to employment. Adults aged 33-38 used their experience to get better returns on the business.

    This age-based distinction suggests that different stages of life bring unique motivations and approaches to waste collection.

    Policy actions that support entrepreneurship at various life stages can promote long-term engagement in the industry. This will help formalise waste collection as a sustainable and profitable business.

    Economic and social factors

    Income opportunities affected participants’ experiences more than social factors. Oftentimes, this determined how long they stayed in the business. Those earning more were likelier to reinvest and grow, while lower earnings often led to disengagement or exit. This highlights the importance of financial incentives in shaping waste collection practices.

    Social connections also play a role in fostering collaboration. It facilitates teamwork and the exchange of ideas, and creates a sense of shared purpose and collective outcomes among participants.

    Strengthening these economic and social bonds can formalise plastic bottle waste collection, making it a more efficient and profitable business.

    Read more: Waste disposal in Nigeria is a mess: how Lagos can take the lead in sorting and recycling

    Looking ahead

    The study has significant application to Nigeria’s waste management industry. Adding education programmes into waste management programmes will improve people’s business skills.

    Well-coordinated intervention strategies can remove cultural and gender-specific barriers. For instance, cooperatives and microfinance may make waste collection more financially appealing.

    Strategies can also draw on cultural norms to increase community acceptance of waste collection and make it more inclusive.

    Samuel Oludare Awobona, a doctoral student at Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria, contributed to this research.

    – Nigeria’s plastic bottle collectors turn waste into wealth: survey sheds light on their motivation
    – https://theconversation.com/nigerias-plastic-bottle-collectors-turn-waste-into-wealth-survey-sheds-light-on-their-motivation-247819

    MIL OSI Africa –

  • MIL-OSI: SuperOps raises $25M in Series C and enters the IT market with game-changing AI-powered Endpoint Management tool

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Dallas, Jan. 30, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — SuperOps, the groundbreaking AI-driven IT platform transforming operations for IT service providers and internal IT teams, today announced it has raised $25 million in Series C funding, led by March Capital with participation from existing investors Addition and Z47. This brings SuperOps’ total funding to $54.4 million, a testament to the company’s exceptional growth and market disruption. Over the past year, SuperOps has tripled its customers and expanded its footprint to 104 countries, cementing its status as a global leader.

    SuperOps is now taking its proven expertise in Managed Service Provider (MSP) technology into the broader IT market with the launch of its revolutionary Endpoint Management tool. Designed to supercharge IT team productivity, the tool enables IT teams to achieve more with fewer resources.

    SuperOps founders: Arvind Parthiban and Jayakumar Karumbasalam.

    “IT teams worldwide are navigating complex challenges, including remote work and rising cybersecurity threats,” said Arvind Parthiban, Co-Founder and CEO of SuperOps. “At SuperOps, we are empowering these IT heroes with tools that transform their operations, reduce costs, and fuel growth. After revolutionizing the MSP space, we are thrilled to bring our AI expertise to internal IT teams with the launch of our Endpoint Management tool. The high demand and early successes validate that this is the future of IT operations.”

    Over the last four years, SuperOps has become a trusted partner for MSPs worldwide, helping thousands of such service providers optimize operations through its unified AI-powered platform. Now, internal IT teams—already comprising 20% of SuperOps’ customer base—stand to benefit from the same transformative technology.

    SuperOps provide full asset oversight across user IT services.

    The foundation of SuperOps’ success lies in its relentless focus on AI innovation. In 2024, the company unveiled Monica, a hyper-contextual AI guide that analyzes the MSP’s dataset to deliver personalized insights, automate routine workflows, and accelerate decision-making. With Monica, MSPs and IT teams have seen up to a 30% improvement in operational efficiency.

    SuperOps plans to use the new funding to expand its AI research and development, scale its offerings for mid-market and enterprise MSPs, and further extend its global reach. With IT spending projected to hit $5.74 trillion in 2025 (Gartner), the stakes have never been higher.

    “The SuperOps team has proven their capability to disrupt the MSP technology market. With rapid product advancements and significant growth in global markets, SuperOps has become a major player. We are excited to support the expansion of their AI platform and scaling of their offerings to larger MSPs and internal IT teams,” said Ravi Rajamony, Vice President at March Capital.

    The Series C round, entirely backed by existing investors, highlights the continued confidence in SuperOps’ vision and execution.

    “SuperOps has disrupted the stagnant MSP tools space, creating real value for MSPs through true innovation, and its entry into IT Endpoint Management promises to have similar impact. We are excited to continue to support the SuperOps team on their mission to empower IT service providers to scale, streamline operations and thrive in an increasingly competitive market,” said Todd Arfman at Addition.

    Tarun Davda, Managing Director at Z47 added: “We are delighted to be part of SuperOps’ impressive growth. The platform has improved the businesses of MSPs worldwide. I am impressed by the team’s customer-centric approach to innovation, and their AI advancements. I am confident that SuperOps will continue to outpace the competition and create significant value for IT service providers”. 

    Ends

    Media images can be found here. 

    About SuperOps
    SuperOps is an AI SaaS company offering a unified PSA-RMM platform for future-focused MSPs and IT teams. The company was founded in 2020 by serial entrepreneur Arvind Parthiban and Jayakumar Karumbasalam. With a deep commitment to innovation and a focus on customer success, SuperOps equips MSPs with the tools they need to streamline operations, enhance service delivery, and scale their businesses. SuperOps is backed by marquee investors, March Capital, Addition, Z47, Elevation Capital, and Tanglin Venture Partners.

    About March Capital
    March Capital is a top-tier venture growth firm headquartered in Santa Monica, California and has been investing globally since 2014. March is committed to partnering with exceptional entrepreneurs to build great technology companies and to scale them globally. With $1.65B+ in capital over 4 funds and across 25+ market-leading technology companies, March accelerates the digital transformation of enterprise applications, cloud & data infrastructure, vertical software, and scientific discovery. Our vision is to create a best-in-class technology investment platform by combining intense sector focus, patience, access to a global leadership network (including founding The Montgomery Summit), and high-impact portfolio engagement to inspire and to accelerate extraordinary AI-native companies like CrowdStrike, Essential AI, Forter, Generate:Biomedicines, Nile, and Uniphore. For more information, please visit www.marchcp.com.

    About Z47
    Z47 is a “founders-first” venture capital firm with an AUM of $3.5 billion, spanning over 100 investments since 2006. Our commitment is to founders who are determined to lead India to its destiny as a developed nation by 2047. We partner with early-stage startups, offering founders a unique blend of expertise, experience, and empathy. Our investment focus includes FinTech & Services, Consumer Brands & Tech, B2B Commerce & Manufacturing, and Enterprise SaaS & AI. Z47’s Enterprise SaaS & AI portfolio includes companies like Krutrim, Neysa Networks, MoEngage, Atomicwork, and more. We take pride in being a trusted partner to pioneering founders of industry-leading companies such as Ola, Ola Electric, Razorpay, Dailyhunt, Five Star Business Finance, Country Delight, and Of Business, among others. Z47 has offices in Mumbai, Delhi and Bangalore. For more information, visit www.z47.com or write to newsroom@z47.com.

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Québec’s religious symbols law: Appealing to the Supreme Court for real rights under the Charter

    Source: The Conversation – Canada – By Natasha Bakht, Full professor, Faculty of Law, L’Université d’Ottawa/University of Ottawa

    The Supreme Court of Canada has announced that it will hear a challenge to Québec’s secularism law, known as Bill 21.

    The law, passed in 2019 “to affirm the laicity of the State,” restricts certain public sector employees in Québec from wearing religious symbols “while exercising their functions.”

    Those challenging Bill 21 have used a variety of legal tools to oppose a law they argue imposes discriminatory treatment, mainly on Muslim women.

    Muslim women who wear hijabs, and other visibly religious minorities, have been living with the ongoing effects of the law for more than five years. This includes the inability to be employed as a public-school teacher, government lawyer or judge, despite their expertise and training. For those who were already working in the public service while wearing a religious symbol, the law prohibits them from receiving any promotions or transfers.

    There are also restrictions when receiving public services, specifically that a person must uncover their face. This may deter niqab- and burqa-wearing women from accessing public services that they need and deserve.

    When a discriminatory law is enacted, it has implications beyond the legislated text. In Québec, it has promoted the rejection of those who live visibly religious lives through violence on the streets and an insistence that they do not belong to Canadian society.

    The exclusionary power of this law has created a culture of discrimination such that Muslim women are prohibited from wearing the clothing of their choice in employment sectors even beyond the parameters of Bill 21.

    Overriding rights: the notwithstanding clause

    The case is also significant because of the Québec government’s use of Section 33 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms — known as the notwithstanding clause — and Section 52 of the Québec Charter of Human Rights and Freedoms to shield the law from legal challenges.

    Bill 21 was enacted with broad popular support in Québec. However, Canadian history is replete with examples of discriminatory laws, from the Indian Act to the Chinese Exclusion Act to the legal orders authorizing Japanese internment camps. Without strict guardrails around how Section 33 can be used, Canadian governments could gain great leeway to create legislation that infringes upon Charter rights.

    Typically, a discriminatory law like Bill 21 would never withstand a constitutional challenge since the Canadian and Québec Charters protect religious freedom and the right to equality. However, because the Québec government invoked both override provisions pre-emptively — before a court could decide on the law’s constitutionality — challenging the law has become more difficult.

    The Charter’s Section 33 is called the “notwithstanding clause” because it permits federal Parliament or provincial/territorial legislatures to make laws notwithstanding (in other words, despite) certain rights and freedoms guaranteed in the Charter. Essentially, it gives governments the power to override certain constitutional provisions. A Section 33 declaration is valid for five years, after which it ceases to have effect, unless it is renewed, as it was in the case of Bill 21.



    Read more:
    The history of the notwithstanding clause

    Despite the predominant view among legal experts that Bill 21 is discriminatory, and a finding by the Québec Superior Court that it has a cruel and dehumanizing impact on Muslim women, the law continues to stand because courts have interpreted Section 33 to have no substantive limits.

    Unwritten constitutional principles

    With this case, the Supreme Court of Canada has a critical opportunity to set reasonable parameters around the use of Section 33 that will have important implications for human rights cases in the future.

    The notwithstanding clause permits governments to override some of our most cherished Charter rights: religious freedom, equality, rights to life, liberty and security of the person, the right against unreasonable search and seizure, the right against arbitrary arrest and detention, and the right to legal counsel among other rights. Therefore, there must be constitutional constraints on its use.

    Section 33 should not be viewed as a bottomless pit where rights and freedoms go to die.

    The Canadian Constitution contains an irreducible minimum core of human rights embodied in unwritten constitutional principles that have been recognized multiple times by the Supreme Court of Canada.

    The Supreme Court has defined unwritten constitutional principles as norms that “inform and sustain the constitutional text.” The unwritten constitutional principle most relevant to addressing Bill 21 is “respect for or protection of minorities.” The protection of minorities was a key consideration motivating the enactment of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms and it is a fundamental norm of justice so basic that it must inform the scope of Section 33’s use.

    A CBC News report on the Supreme Court of Canada agreeing to hear arguments in a case about Québec’s Bill 21.

    ‘Blank cheque?’

    The unwritten constitutional principle of “respect for minorities” provides a constitutional guardrail against abuse of Section 33, which has been interpreted by judges as a constitutional blank cheque, allowing governments to reduce rights to discretionary entitlements.

    Since the notwithstanding clause lives within the Canadian Constitution itself, it must conform to the defining features of the constitutional structure. The use of Section 33 must be consistent with the fundamental “principles that define our society.” For rights to be real and meaningful — to be legal pillars that people can rely on — they must have enduring constitutional protection.

    To achieve this, the Supreme Court of Canada needs to draw appropriate boundaries around the use of Section 33. If the notwithstanding clause continues to be viewed as an open licence for governments to pick and choose which rights they respect, one might reasonably question whether Charter rights exist at all.

    Natasha Bakht has received funding from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada. She has also advised the National Council of Canadian Muslims and the Women’s Legal Education and Action Fund on their research/litigation regarding Bill 21.

    Lynda Collins does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Québec’s religious symbols law: Appealing to the Supreme Court for real rights under the Charter – https://theconversation.com/quebecs-religious-symbols-law-appealing-to-the-supreme-court-for-real-rights-under-the-charter-248490

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: Nigeria’s plastic bottle collectors turn waste into wealth: survey sheds light on their motivation

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Solaja Mayowa Oludele, Lecturing, Olabisi Onabanjo University

    Plastic waste in Nigeria presents a dual challenge: cleaning up environmental pollution, and tapping into its economic potential.

    Many countries worldwide face similar challenges. India, for one, has chosen policies that give producers of plastic the responsibility to manage their waste. Rwanda has banned single-use plastic and promoted recycling initiatives led by communities.

    These approaches show it’s possible to address plastic waste issues while fostering economic opportunities.



    Read more:
    Nigeria’s plastic ban: why it’s good and how it can work

    In Nigeria, informal collectors of plastic bottle waste are central to achieving both of these goals. They turn waste into monetary value.

    Previous research has highlighted the environmental and economic benefits of collecting plastic bottle waste. There’s been less attention on what shapes perceptions of waste collection as a business, particularly in Nigeria.

    This article explores that gap, looking at the socio-cultural, economic and environmental influences on those perceptions.

    I am a researcher in the areas of plastic waste management, environmental governance and sustainable development. My work includes studying homes made from recycled plastic bottles in sustainable community-based housing projects.

    Here I’ll be drawing from an exploratory survey conducted in the Ijebu area of Ogun State, Nigeria. Using a questionnaire, we surveyed 86 participants who had at least five years of experience in the plastic waste industry.

    The study identified factors like education, family size, religion, gender, age, and economic dynamics as relevant to participation in the business of plastic bottle waste collection.

    Understanding these influences might help the government to target policies.



    Read more:
    Nigeria is the world’s 2nd biggest plastic polluter: expert insights into the crisis

    Education level and information

    Our study found that participants with higher education levels better understood the economic benefits of plastic waste collection as a systematic form of business. The less educated participants viewed waste collection more as a hand-to-mouth way of earning a living.

    Education programmes built into waste management campaigns could improve recognition of waste collection as a structured and profitable business opportunity and develop a business-like culture among the collectors.

    Parenthood, family size and financial obligations

    Family size was a factor affecting perceptions of plastic bottle waste collection as a business. People with large families saw waste collection as a feasible way to provide food, housing, education and other essentials.

    However, the association of waste collection with income instability highlights the need to formalise and stabilise the sector. Waste collection must be made into a sustainable and reliable business model.

    Religion and cultural norms

    Religion and cultural beliefs emerged as influences from our survey. This was evident in the responses of people who followed African traditional religions and Islam.

    These respondents viewed waste collection as financially feasible, aligning with religious teachings that emphasise resource management and stewardship. For example, Islamic teachings on israf (avoiding wastefulness) and zakat (charity) promote efficient resource use and economic activities that benefit communities.

    Similarly, African traditional religion often emphasises communal responsibility and the sustainable use of resources. These religious principles underscore the cultural acceptance of waste collection as both a practical and a morally guided economic activity.

    Other cultural norms, such as the value placed on communal responsibility and cooperation, also influenced attitudes towards waste collection. In communities with a strong tradition of collective action, where unity and mutual support are highly valued, waste collection is often viewed as a collaborative effort.

    These cultural norms reinforce the idea that waste collection is not just an individual task, but a collective duty that benefits the entire community.



    Read more:
    Informal waste management in Lagos is big business: policies need to support the trade

    Gender dynamics

    Gender plays a role in perception and practice in waste collection. Our survey found that male participants were more likely than female participants to perceive this activity as a business.

    As constrained as they are by lack of access to resources, women are involved in separating and marketing reusable items. Measures like microfinance could increase women’s engagement and business opportunities.

    This would empower women and make waste collection a more inclusive and sustainable business.

    Age and desire to be an entrepreneur

    Perceptions were influenced by age in our study. Younger individuals, up to 14 years old, viewed plastic bottle waste collection as a gateway to employment. Adults aged 33-38 used their experience to get better returns on the business.

    This age-based distinction suggests that different stages of life bring unique motivations and approaches to waste collection.

    Policy actions that support entrepreneurship at various life stages can promote long-term engagement in the industry. This will help formalise waste collection as a sustainable and profitable business.

    Economic and social factors

    Income opportunities affected participants’ experiences more than social factors. Oftentimes, this determined how long they stayed in the business. Those earning more were likelier to reinvest and grow, while lower earnings often led to disengagement or exit. This highlights the importance of financial incentives in shaping waste collection practices.

    Social connections also play a role in fostering collaboration. It facilitates teamwork and the exchange of ideas, and creates a sense of shared purpose and collective outcomes among participants.

    Strengthening these economic and social bonds can formalise plastic bottle waste collection, making it a more efficient and profitable business.



    Read more:
    Waste disposal in Nigeria is a mess: how Lagos can take the lead in sorting and recycling

    Looking ahead

    The study has significant application to Nigeria’s waste management industry. Adding education programmes into waste management programmes will improve people’s business skills.

    Well-coordinated intervention strategies can remove cultural and gender-specific barriers. For instance, cooperatives and microfinance may make waste collection more financially appealing.

    Strategies can also draw on cultural norms to increase community acceptance of waste collection and make it more inclusive.

    Samuel Oludare Awobona, a doctoral student at Osun State University, Osogbo, Nigeria, contributed to this research.

    The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Nigeria’s plastic bottle collectors turn waste into wealth: survey sheds light on their motivation – https://theconversation.com/nigerias-plastic-bottle-collectors-turn-waste-into-wealth-survey-sheds-light-on-their-motivation-247819

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: How nonprofits abroad can fill gaps when the US government cuts off foreign aid

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Susan Appe, Associate Professor of Public Administration and Policy, University at Albany, State University of New York

    The U.S. Agency for International Development distributes a lot of foreign aid through local partners in other countries. J. David Ake/Getty Images

    The U.S. government gives other nations US$68 billion of foreign assistance annually – more than any other country. Over half of this sum is managed by the U.S. Agency for International Development, including funds for programs aimed at fighting hunger and disease outbreaks, providing humanitarian relief in war zones, and supporting other lifesaving programs such as the President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief.

    President Donald Trump suspended most U.S. foreign aid on Jan. 20, 2025, the day he took office for the second time. The next day, Secretary of State Marco Rubio issued a stop-work order that for 90 days halted foreign aid funding disbursements by agencies like USAID.

    A week later, dozens of senior USAID officials were put on leave after the Trump administration reportedly accused them of trying to “circumvent” the aid freeze. The Office of Management and Budget is now pausing and evaluating all foreign aid to see whether it adheres to the Trump administration’s policies and priorities.

    I’m a scholar of foreign aid who researches what happens to the U.S. government’s local partners in the countries receiving this assistance when funding flows are interrupted. Most of these partners are local nonprofits that build schools, vaccinate children, respond to emergencies and provide other key goods and services. These organizations often rely on foreign funding.

    A ‘reckless’ move

    Aid to Egypt and Israel was spared, along with some emergency food aid. The U.S. later waived the stop-work order for the distribution of lifesaving medicines.

    Nearly all of the other aid programs remained on hold as of Jan. 29, 2025.

    Many development professionals criticized the freeze, highlighting the disruption it will cause in many countries. A senior USAID official issued an anonymous statement calling it “reckless.”

    InterAction, the largest coalition of international nongovernmental organizations in the U.S., called the halt contrary to U.S. global leadership and values.

    Of the $35 billion to $40 billion in aid that USAID distributes annually, $22 billion is delivered through grants and contracts with international organizations to implement programs. These can be further subcontracted to local partners in recipient countries.

    When this aid is frozen, scaled back or cut off altogether, these local partners scramble to fill in the gaps.

    The State Department manages the rest of the $68 billion in annual U.S. foreign aid, along with other agencies, such as the Peace Corps.

    The start of Marco Rubio’s tenure as U.S. secretary of state was marked by chaos and confusion regarding foreign aid flows.
    Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images

    How local nonprofits respond and adapt

    While sudden disruptions to foreign aid are always destabilizing, research shows that aid flows have fluctuated since 1960, growing more volatile over the years. My research partners and I have found that these disruptions harm local service providers, although many of them manage to carry on their work.

    Over the years, I have conducted hundreds of interviews with international nongovernmental organizations and these nonprofits’ local partners across Latin America, Africa and Asia about their services and funding sources. I study the strategies those development and humanitarian assistance groups follow when aid gets halted. These four are the most common.

    1. Shift to national or local government funding

    In many cases, national and local governments end up supporting groups that previously relied on foreign aid, filling the void.

    An educational program spearheaded by a local Ecuadorian nonprofit, Desarrollo y Autogestión, called Accelerated Basic Cycle is one example. This program targets young people who have been out of school for more than three years. It allows them to finish elementary school – known as the “basic cycle” in Ecuador – in one year to then enter high school. First supported in part by funding from foreign governments, it transitioned to being fully funded by Ecuador’s government and then became an official government program run by the country’s ministry of education.

    2. Earn income

    Local nonprofits can also earn income by charging fees for their services or selling goods, which allows them to fulfill their missions while generating some much-needed cash.

    For example, SEND Ghana is a development organization that has promoted good governance and equality in Ghana since its founding in 1998. In 2009, SEND Ghana created a for-profit subsidiary called SENDFiNGO that administers microfinance programs and credit unions. That subsidiary now helps fund SEND Ghana’s work.

    Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee and the Grameen Bank, which is also in Bangladesh, use this approach too.

    3. Tap local philanthropy

    Networks such as Worldwide Initiatives for Grantmaker Support and Global Fund for Community Foundations have emerged to promote local philanthropy around the world. They press governments to adopt policies that encourage local philanthropy. This kind of giving has become easier to do thanks to the emergence of crowdfunding platforms.

    Still, complex tax systems and the lack of incentives for giving in many countries that receive foreign aid are persistent challenges. Some governments have stepped in. India’s corporate social responsibility law, enacted in 2014, boosted charitable incentives. For example, it requires 2% of corporate profits to go to social initiatives in India.

    4. Obtain support from diaspora communities

    Diasporas are people who live outside of their countries of origin, or where their families came from, but maintain strong ties to places they consider to be their homeland.

    Local nonprofits around the globe are leveraging diaspora communities’ desire to contribute to economic development in their countries of origin. In Colombia, for example, Fundación Carla Cristina, a nongovernmental organization, runs nursery schools and provides meals to low-income children.

    It gets some of its funding from diaspora-led nonprofits in the U.S., such as the New England Association for Colombian Children, which is based outside of Boston, and Give To Colombia in Miami.

    A push for the locals to do more

    Trump’s stop-work order coincided with a resurgence of a localization push that’s currently influencing foreign aid from many countries.

    With localization, nations providing foreign aid seek to increase the role of local authorities and organizations in development and humanitarian assistance. USAID has been a leading proponent of localization.

    I believe that the abruptness of the stop-work order is likely to disrupt many development projects. These projects include support to Ukrainian aid groups that provide emergency humanitarian assistance and projects serving meals to children who don’t get enough to eat.

    To be sure, sometimes there are good reasons for aid to be halted. But when that happens, sound and responsible donor exit strategies are essential to avoid the loss of important local services.

    Susan Appe does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. How nonprofits abroad can fill gaps when the US government cuts off foreign aid – https://theconversation.com/how-nonprofits-abroad-can-fill-gaps-when-the-us-government-cuts-off-foreign-aid-248378

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Trump 2.0: the rise of an “anti-elite” elite in US politics

    Source: Universities – Science Po in English

    US president Donald Trump is surrounded by a new cohort of politicians and officials. While one of his campaign promises was to overthrow the “corrupt elites” he accuses of flooding the American political arena, his second term in office has elevated elites chosen, above all, for their political loyalty to him. Does his second term open the door to elites who can operate without concern for justice and truth?

    An article by William Genieys, CNRS Research Director at the Centre for European Studies and Comparative Politics (CEE) at Sciences Po, and Mohammad-Saïd Darviche, Senior Lecturer at the University of Montpellier, originally published by our partner The Conversation.

    The media’s focus on Trump’s comments on making Canada the 51st US state and annexing Greenland and billionaire Elon Musk’s support for some far-right parties in Europe has obscured the ambitious programme to transform the federal government that the new political elite intends to implement.

    In the wake of Trump’s inauguration on January 20, the Republican elites most loyal to the MAGA (“Make America Great Again”) leader, who staunchly oppose Democratic elites and their policies, are operating amid their party’s control over the executive and legislative branches (at least until the midterm elections in 2026), a conservative-dominated Supreme Court that includes three Trump-appointed justices, and a federal judiciary that shifted right during his first term.

    However, the political project of the Trumpist camp consists less of challenging elitism in general than attacking a specific elite: one particular to liberal democracies.

    Castigating democratic elitism

    Typical anti-elite political propaganda, along the lines of “I speak for you, the people, against the elites who betray and deceive you,” claims that a populist leader would be able to exercise power for and on behalf of the people without the mediation of an elite disconnected from their needs.

    Political theorist John Higley sees behind this form of anti-elite discourse an association between so-called “forceful leaders” and “leonine elites” (who take advantage of the former and their political success): a phenomenon that threatens the future of Western democracies.

    Since the Second World War, there has been a consensus in US politics on the idea of democratic elitism. According to this principle, elitist mediation is inevitable in mass democracies and must be based on two criteria: respect for the results of elections (which must be free and competitive); and the relative autonomy of political institutions.

    The challenge to this consensus has been growing since the 1990s with the increased polarization of American politics. It gained new momentum during and after the 2016 presidential campaign, which was marked by anti-elite rhetoric from both Republicans and Democrats (such as senators Bernie Sanders and Elizabeth Warren). At the heart of some of their diatribes was an aversion to “the Establishment” on the east and west coasts of the United States, where many prestigious financial, political and academic institutions are based, and the conspiracy notion of the “deep state”.

    The re-election of Trump, who has never admitted defeat in the 2020 presidential vote, growing political hostility and the direct involvement of tech tycoons in political communication –especially on the Republican side– further reinforce the denial of democratic elitism.

    Trump’s populism from above: a revolt of the elites

    The idea that democracy could be betrayed by “the revolt of the elites”, put forward by the US historian Christopher Lasch (1932-1994), is not new. For the anthropologist Arjun Appadurai, it is a particular feature of contemporary populism, which comes “from above.” Indeed, if the 20th century was the era of the “revolt of the masses”, the 21st century, according to Appadurai, “is characterized by the ‘revolt of the elites’.” This would explain the rise of populist autocracies (such as those currently led by Viktor Orban in Hungary, Recep Tayyip Erdogan in Turkey and Narendra Modi in India, and formerly led by Jair Bolsonaro in Brazil), but also the election successes of populist leaders in consolidated democracies (including those of Trump in the US, Giorgia Meloni in Italy, and Geert Wilders in the Netherlands, for example).

    As Appadurai explains, the success of Trumpian populism, which represents a revolt by ordinary Americans against the elites, casts a veil over the fact that, following Trump’s victory in November, “it is a new elite that has ousted from power the despised Democratic elite that had occupied the White House for nearly four years.”

    The aim of this “alter elite” is to replace the “regular” Democrat elites, but also the moderate Republicans, by deeply discrediting their values (such as liberalism and so-called “wokeism”) and their supposedly corrupt political practices. As a result, this populism “from above” carried out by the President’s supporters constitutes an alternative elite configuration, the effects of which on American democratic life could be more significant than those observed during Trump’s first term.

    Beyond the idea of a ‘Muskoligarchy’

    The idea that we are witnessing the formation of a “Muskoligarchy” –in other words, an economic elite (including tech barons such as Jeff Bezos, Mark Zuckerberg and Marc Andreessen) rallying around the figurehead of Elon Musk, whom Trump asked to lead what the president has called a “Department of Government Efficiency” (DOGE) –is seductive. It perfectly combines the vision of an alliance between a “conspiratorial, coherent, conscious” ruling class and an oligarchy made up of the “ultra-rich”. For the Financial Times columnist Martin Wolf, it is even a sign of the development of “pluto-populism”. (It is also worth noting that former president Joe Biden, in his farewell speech, referred to “an oligarchy… of extreme wealth” and “the potential rise of a tech-industrial complex.”)

    However, some observers are cautious about the advent of a “Muskoligarchy.” They point to the sociological eclecticism of the new Trumpian elite, whose facade of unity is held together above all by a political loyalty, for the time being unfailing, to the MAGA leader. The fact remains, however, that the various factions of this new “anti-elite” elite are converging around a common agenda: to rid the federal government of the supposed stranglehold of Democratic “insiders.”

    An ‘anti-elite’ elite against the ‘deep state’

    In his presidential inauguration speech in 1981, Ronald Reagan said: “Government is not the solution to our problem; government is the problem.” The anti-elitism of the Trump elite is inspired by this diagnosis, and defends a simple political programme: rid democracy of the “deep state.”

    Although the idea that the US is “beleaguered” by an “unelected and unaccountable elite” and “insiders” who subvert the general interest has been shown to be unfounded, it is nonetheless predominant in the new Trump Administration.

    This conspiracy theory has been taken to the extreme by Kash Patel, the candidate being considered to head the FBI. In his book, Government Gangsters, a veritable manifesto against the federal administration, the former lawyer writes about the need to resort to “purges” in order to bring elite Democrats to justice. He lists around 60 people, including Biden, ex-secretary of state Hillary Clinton and ex-vice president Kamala Harris.

    The appointment of Russell Vought as head of the Office of Management and Budget at the White House, a person who is known for having sought to obstruct the transition to the Biden Administration in 2021, also highlights the hard turn that the Trump administration is likely to take.

    Reshaping the state around political loyalty

    To “deconstruct the administrative state”, the “anti-elite” elites are relying on Project 2025, a 900-plus page programme report that the conservative think-tank The Heritage Foundation, which published it, says was produced by “more than 400 scholars and policy experts.” According to former Project 2025 director Paul Dans, “never before has the entire movement… banded together to construct a comprehensive plan” for this purpose. On this basis, the “anti-elite” elite want to impose loyalty to Project 2025 on federal civil servants.

    But this idea is not new. At the end of his first term, Trump issued an executive order facilitating the dismissal of statutory federal civil servants occupying “policy-related positions” and considered to be “disloyal”. The decree was rescinded by president Biden, but Trump on his first day back in office signed an executive order that seeks to void Biden’s rescindment. As President, Trump is also able to allocate senior positions within the federal administration to his supporters.

    The “anti-elite” elite not only want to reduce the size of the state, as was the case under Reagan’s “neoliberalism”, but to deconstruct and rebuild it in their own image. Their real aim is a more lasting victory: the transformation of democratic elitism into populist elitism.

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Coal Transportation Rates to the Electric Power Sector

    Source: US Energy Information Administration

    This recent update of the Coal Transportation Rates to the Electric Power Sector web page incorporates final data for 2023 from Form EIA-923, Power Plant Operations Report, and updates the tables with data in nominal and real 2023 dollars. The data tables are based on primary data that we collect from plant owners and operators on Form EIA-923 and on supplement data and analysis of coal transportation costs that we released in June 2011 and November 2012.

    The initial report on coal transportation rates covered 2001 through 2008, applied only to railroad shipments, and was based exclusively on waybill sample data obtained from the U.S. Surface Transportation Board (STB). The supplemental report provided an additional year of waybill sample data and incorporated data that we collected on Form EIA-923 for shipments by railroad, waterway, and truck for 2008 through 2010. The third set of tables on coal transportation rates were based on Form EIA-923 data for 2008 through 2012. The rates for 2008 and 2010 were slightly different from the rates we previously published due to minor changes in methodology. Transportation rates for 2011 and 2012 had not been previously published. The current release provides final rates for the years 2008 through 2023. We can no longer update waybill data due to STB’s modified interpretation of its data confidentiality obligation.

    As in previous iterations of Form EIA-923 data, the rates are based on primary mode of transportation. Because some shipments include a primary and secondary mode of transportation, these rates do not necessarily reflect the rates associated with only one transportation mode. In addition, the rates do not reflect shipments made to cogenerators and other end users of electricity, and they are based only on shipments made to plants in the electric power sector. We define the electric power sector as consisting of electric utilities and regulated and unregulated independent power producers.

    We calculate nominal rates by subtracting the commodity cost of the delivered coal from the total delivered cost, as reported by owners and operators of power plants with a combined nameplate capacity of 50 megawatts or greater. Because the commodity cost and delivered cost data are reported in terms of energy content (that is, million British thermal units), the costs are converted to dollars per ton using the average energy content of each shipment reported on the form. The representative transportation cost for each coal mine state, destination state, and transportation mode is a weighted average. Lastly, we convert the values to constant 2023 dollars by using the Implicit Price Deflators for Gross Domestic Product, as published by the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis in Table 1.1.9 of the National Income and Products Accounts tables.

    We make several assumptions when calculating the transportation costs. Most notably, we apply an internal methodology to identify and exclude costs that we believe to be outliers. In addition, we use only records that have reported values for commodity cost and delivered cost (in other words, we do not use imputed values).

    We assign coal shipments to basins based on counties as set out below.

    Basin State County
    Northern Appalachia Maryland  
    Ohio  
    Pennsylvania  
    West Virginia (northern)  
    Central Appalachia Kentucky (eastern)  
    Virginia  
    West Virginia (southern)  
    Tennessee Anderson, Campbell, Claiborne, Cumberland, Fentress, Morgan, Overton, Pickett, Putnam, Roane, and Scott
    Southern Appalachia Alabama  
    Tennessee Bledsoe, Coffee, Franklin, Grundy, Hamilton, Marion, Rhea, Sequatchie, Van Buren, Warren, and White
    Illinois Basin Illinois  
    Indiana  
    Kentucky (western)  
    Powder River Basin Montana Big Horn, Custer, Powder River, Rosebud, and Treasure 
    Wyoming Campbell, Converse, Crook, Johnson, Natrona, Niobrara, Sheridan, and Weston
    Uinta Basin Colorado Delta, Garfield, Gunnison, Mesa, Moffat, Pitkin, Rio Blanco, and Routt
    Utah Carbon, Duchesne, Emery, Grand, Sanpete, Sevier, Uintah, Utah, and Wasatch

    Our data include shipments to blank counties that originated in 13 states (generally because the plant purchases coal from a blender that uses coal purchased from multiple mines). In such cases, we assign the shipments to a coal basin based on the origin state and, when appropriate, other factors. We assign shipments originating in Alabama to southern Appalachia because it is the only coal basin in the state. Similarly, we assign shipments originating in Maryland, Ohio, and Pennsylvania to northern Appalachia, and we assign all shipments originating in Illinois and Indiana to the Illinois Basin. Although Tennessee overlaps both central Appalachia and southern Appalachia, coal has not been produced in southern Appalachia since 1990, so we assign all shipments to central Appalachia. In addition, we assign all shipments originating in Utah to the Uinta Basin even though, in theory, a small number of the shipments originated in coal mines that are not technically part of the basin.

    For coal with a missing county that originated in Kentucky, we assign all shipments with an average sulfur content greater than 2.4% to the Illinois Basin and the others to central Appalachia. For coal with a missing county that originated in West Virginia, we assign all shipments with an average sulfur content greater than 1.6% to northern Appalachia and the others to central Appalachia. For coal with a missing county that originated in Wyoming, we only assigned shipments with an average energy content less than or equal greater 17.9 million British thermal units per ton to the Powder River Basin.

    Because cost data collected on Form EIA-923 are confidential, we had to ensure that we suitably aggregated rates to prevent any individual rates from being observed or inferred. To meet this requirement, we withheld rates where the number of plants within a particular aggregation of rates was less than three.

    Contacts:

    David Fritsch
    Phone: 202-287-6538
    Email: David Fritsch

    Jonathan Church
    Phone: 202-586-7693
    Email: Jonathan Church

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: Result of OMO Purchase auction held on January 30, 2025 and Settlement on January 31, 2025

    Source: Reserve Bank of India

    I. SUMMARY OMO PURCHASE RESULTS

    Aggregate Amount (Face value) notified by RBI : ₹20,000 crore
    Total amount offered (Face value) by participants : ₹1,20,626 crore
    Total amount accepted (Face value) by RBI : ₹20,020 crore

    II. DETAILS OF OMO PURCHASE ISSUE

    Security 7.59% GS 2029 7.18% GS 2033 7.10% GS 2034 6.79% GS 2034 7.18% GS 2037
    No. of offers received 33 170 117 100 181
    Total amount (face value) offered (₹ in crores) 12,492 33,760 19,491 14,147 40,736
    No. of offers accepted NIL 18 30 36 21
    Total offer amount (face value) accepted by RBI (₹ in crores) NIL 4,375 4,125 5,000 6,520
    Cut off yield (%) NA 6.7764 6.7448 6.6747 6.8521
    Cut off price (₹) NA 102.58 102.39 100.80 102.72
    Weighted average yield (%) NA 6.7803 6.7527 6.6843 6.8601
    Weighted average price (₹) NA 102.55 102.34 100.73 102.65
    Partial allotment % of competitive offers at cut off price NA NA NA 39.68 12.82

    Ajit Prasad          
    Deputy General Manager
    (Communications)    

    Press Release: 2024-2025/2046

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI USA: NASA, Partners to Welcome Fourth Axiom Space Mission to Space Station

    Source: NASA

    NASA and its international partners have approved the crew for Axiom Space’s fourth private astronaut mission to the International Space Station, launching from the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida no earlier than spring 2025.
    Peggy Whitson, former NASA astronaut and director of human spaceflight at Axiom Space, will command the commercial mission, while ISRO (Indian Space Research Organization) astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla will serve as pilot. The two mission specialists are ESA (European Space Agency) project astronaut Sławosz Uznański-Wiśniewski of Poland and Tibor Kapu of Hungary.
    “I am excited to see continued interest and dedication for the private astronaut missions aboard the International Space Station,” said Dana Weigel, manager of NASA’s International Space Station Program at the agency’s Johnson Space Center in Houston. “As NASA looks toward the future of low Earth orbit, private astronaut missions help pave the way and expand access to the unique microgravity environment.”
    The Axiom Mission 4, or Ax-4, crew will launch aboard a SpaceX Dragon spacecraft and travel to the space station. Once docked, the private astronauts plan to spend up to 14 days aboard the orbiting laboratory, conducting a mission comprised of science, outreach, and commercial activities. The mission will send the first ISRO astronaut to the station as part of a joint effort between NASA and the Indian space agency. The private mission also carries the first astronauts from Poland and Hungary to stay aboard the space station.
    “Working with the talented and diverse Ax-4 crew has been a deeply rewarding experience,” said Whitson. “Witnessing their selfless dedication and commitment to expanding horizons and creating opportunities for their nations in space exploration is truly remarkable. Each crew member brings unique strengths and perspectives, making our mission not just a scientific endeavor, but a testament to human ingenuity and teamwork. The importance of our mission is about pushing the limits of what we can achieve together and inspiring future generations to dream bigger and reach farther.”
    The first private astronaut mission to the station, Axiom Mission 1, lifted off in April 2022 for a 17-day mission aboard the orbiting laboratory. The second private astronaut mission to the station, Axiom Mission 2, also was commanded by Whitson and launched in May 2023 with four private astronauts who spent eight days in orbit. The most recent private astronaut mission, Axiom Mission 3, launched in January 2024; the crew spent 18 days docked to the space station.
    The International Space Station is a convergence of science, technology, and human innovation that enables research not possible on Earth. For more than 24 years, NASA has supported a continuous human presence aboard the orbiting laboratory, through which astronauts have learned to live and work in space for extended periods of time.
    The space station is a springboard for developing a low Earth economy. NASA’s goal is to achieve a strong economy in low Earth orbit where the agency can purchase services as one of many customers to meet its science and research objectives in microgravity. NASA’s commercial strategy for low Earth orbit will provide the government with reliable and safe services at a lower cost, enabling the agency to focus on Artemis missions to the Moon in preparation for Mars while also continuing to use low Earth orbit as a training and proving ground for those deep space missions. 
    Learn more about NASA’s commercial space strategy at:
    https://www.nasa.gov/commercial-space
    -end-
    Josh Finch / Claire O’SheaHeadquarters, Washington202-358-1100joshua.a.finch@nasa.gov / claire.a.o’shea@nasa.gov
    Anna SchneiderJohnson Space Center, Houston281-483-5111anna.c.schneider@nasa.gov
    Alexis DeJarnetteAxiom Space850-368-9446alexis@axiomspace.com

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI: First Merchants Corporation Announces Fourth Quarter 2024 Earnings Per Share

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    MUNCIE, Ind., Jan. 30, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — First Merchants Corporation (NASDAQ – FRME)

    Fourth Quarter 2024 Highlights:

    • Net income available to common stockholders was $63.9 million and diluted earnings per common share totaled $1.10, compared to $48.7 million and $0.84 in the third quarter of 2024, and $42.0 million and $0.71 in the fourth quarter of 2023. Excluding the impact of the branch sale and repositioning of the available for sale securities portfolio, adjusted net income available to common stockholders1was $58.1 million or $1.00 per share for the fourth quarter of 2024.
    • Strong capital position with Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio of 11.43% and Tangible Common Equity to Tangible Assets Ratio of 8.81%.
    • Net interest margin was 3.28% compared to 3.23% on a linked quarter basis and 3.16% in the fourth quarter of 2023.
    • Total loans grew $185.6 million, or 5.9% annualized, on a linked quarter basis, and $368.1 million, or 2.9% during the last twelve months.
    • Total deposits increased $156.5 million, or 4.4% annualized, on a linked quarter basis, and declined $32.4 million, or 0.2%, during the last twelve months after normalizing for deposits sold during the fourth quarter.
    • Nonperforming assets to total assets were 43 basis points compared to 35 basis points on a linked quarter basis.
    • Adjusted efficiency ratio totaled 53.60%1for the quarter.
    • Completed the sale of five Illinois branches and certain loans and deposits to Old Second National Bank on December 6, 2024.

    “The fourth quarter was a strong finish to the year and showed the momentum we have built with healthy increases in core earnings, NIM and ROA,” said Mark Hardwick, Chief Executive Officer of First Merchants Bank. “We restructured a portion of our securities portfolio and completed the Illinois branch sale to help prioritize our core markets. These actions and the completion of multiple technology initiatives in 2024 have positioned First Merchants to deliver strong results in 2025.”

    Fourth Quarter Financial Results:

    First Merchants Corporation (the “Corporation”) reported fourth quarter 2024 net income available to common stockholders of $63.9 million compared to $42.0 million during the same period in 2023. Diluted earnings per common share for the period totaled $1.10 compared to the fourth quarter of 2023 result of $0.71. Excluding non-core income and expenses incurred in each period, adjusted net income available to common stockholders1 for the fourth quarter 2024 was $58.1 million, or $1.00 diluted earnings per common share compared to $53.4 million, or $0.90 in the same period in 2023.

    During the quarter, the Corporation completed the sale of five Illinois branches along with loans of $7.4 million and deposits of $267.4 million, generating a gain of $20.0 million recorded in non-interest income. The sale of these branches represents the Corporation’s exit from suburban Chicago markets.

    Total assets equaled $18.3 billion and loans totaled $12.9 billion as of quarter-end. During the past twelve months, total loans grew by $368.1 million, or 2.9%. On a linked quarter basis, loans grew $185.6 million, or 5.9% annualized, with growth primarily in commercial loans.

    Investments totaling $3.5 billion decreased $350.7 million, or 9.2%, during the last twelve months and decreased $201.5 million on a linked quarter basis. The decline during the quarter was partially due to the sale of $109.6 million of available for sale securities with a weighted average tax-equivalent yield of 2.31%, which resulted in a loss of $11.6 million. The remaining decline for the quarter was due to security paydowns and maturities, as well as a decline in valuation of securities reflecting the movement of interest rates. Sales of available for sale securities in 2024 totaled $268.5 million and resulted in a loss of $20.8 million.

    Total deposits were $14.5 billion as of quarter-end and decreased by $299.8 million, or 2.0%, over the past twelve months. The decline was primarily due to the sale of the Illinois branches during the fourth quarter which included $267.4 million of deposits. Excluding this impact, deposits declined by $32.4 million in 2024. On a linked quarter basis, deposits grew by $156.5 million, or 4.4% annualized. The loan to deposit ratio increased slightly to 88.5% at period end from 88.0% in the prior quarter.

    The Corporation’s Allowance for Credit Losses – Loans (ACL) totaled $192.8 million as of quarter-end, or 1.50% of total loans, an increase of $4.9 million from prior quarter. Loan charge-offs, net of recoveries totaled $0.8 million and provision for loans of $5.7 million was recorded during the quarter. Reserves for unfunded commitments totaled $18.0 million declining during the quarter due to reserve release of $1.5 million. Net provision for the quarter totaled $4.2 million. Non-performing assets to total assets were 43 basis points for the fourth quarter of 2024, an increase of eight basis points compared to 35 basis points in the prior quarter.

    Net interest income totaled $134.4 million for the quarter, an increase of $3.3 million, or 2.5%, compared to the prior quarter and an increase of $4.3 million, or 3.3%, compared to the fourth quarter of 2023. Fully taxable equivalent net interest margin was 3.28%, an increase of five basis points compared to the third quarter of 2024, and an increase of 12 basis points compared to the fourth quarter of 2023. The increase in net interest margin compared to the third quarter was due to lower funding costs and a more favorable earning asset and funding mix.

    Noninterest income totaled $42.7 million for the quarter, an increase of $17.9 million compared to the third quarter of 2024 and an increase of $16.3 million compared to the fourth quarter of 2023. When excluding non-core income from each period, noninterest income totaled $34.4 million for the quarter, an increase of $0.4 million compared to third quarter of 2024, and an increase of $5.6 million compared to the fourth quarter of 2023. The increase in core noninterest income over the fourth quarter of 2023 was primarily due to an increase in gains on sales of loans and CRA investment income.

    Noninterest expense totaled $96.3 million for the quarter, an increase of $1.7 million from the third quarter of 2024 and a decrease of $11.8 million from the fourth quarter of 2023. The increase in the linked quarter was from higher marketing costs and other one-time operating expenses. The decrease from the fourth quarter of 2023 was due to one-time charges incurred in the prior year which included an FDIC special assessment, early retirement and severance costs, and a lease termination.

    The Corporation’s total risk-based capital ratio totaled 13.31%, common equity tier 1 capital ratio totaled 11.43%, and the tangible common equity ratio totaled 8.81%. These ratios continue to reflect the Corporation’s strong liquidity and capital positions.

    1 See “Non-GAAP Financial Information” for reconciliation

    CONFERENCE CALL

    First Merchants Corporation will conduct a fourth quarter earnings conference call and webcast at 11:30 a.m. (ET) on Thursday, January 30, 2025.

    To access via phone, participants will need to register using the following link where they will be provided a phone number and access code: (https://register.vevent.com/register/BIc49ad0293a7844dca2e7171f51e600dd95f36e86b6)

    To view the webcast and presentation slides, please go to (https://edge.media-server.com/mmc/p/9t5v76m2) during the time of the call. A replay of the webcast will be available until January 30, 2026.

    Detailed financial results are reported on the attached pages.

    About First Merchants Corporation

    First Merchants Corporation is a financial holding company headquartered in Muncie, Indiana. The Corporation has one full-service bank charter, First Merchants Bank. The Bank also operates as First Merchants Private Wealth Advisors (as a division of First Merchants Bank).

    First Merchants Corporation’s common stock is traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market System under the symbol FRME. Quotations are carried in daily newspapers and can be found on the company’s Internet web page (http://www.firstmerchants.com).

    FIRST MERCHANTS and the Shield Logo are federally registered trademarks of First Merchants Corporation.

    Forward-Looking Statements

    This release contains forward-looking statements made pursuant to the safe-harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Such forward-looking statements can often, but not always, be identified by the use of words like “believe”, “continue”, “pattern”, “estimate”, “project”, “intend”, “anticipate”, “expect” and similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “will”, “would”, “should”, “could”, “might”, “can”, “may”, or similar expressions. These statements include statements about First Merchants’ goals, intentions and expectations; statements regarding the First Merchants’ business plan and growth strategies; statements regarding the asset quality of First Merchants’ loan and investment portfolios; and estimates of First Merchants’ risks and future costs and benefits. These forward-looking statements are subject to significant risks, assumptions and uncertainties that may cause results to differ materially from those set forth in forward-looking statements, including, among other things: possible changes in monetary and fiscal policies, and laws and regulations; the effects of easing restrictions on participants in the financial services industry; the cost and other effects of legal and administrative cases; possible changes in the credit worthiness of customers and the possible impairment of collectability of loans; fluctuations in market rates of interest; competitive factors in the banking industry; changes in the banking legislation or regulatory requirements of federal and state agencies applicable to bank holding companies and banks like First Merchants’ affiliate bank; continued availability of earnings and excess capital sufficient for the lawful and prudent declaration of dividends; changes in market, economic, operational, liquidity (including the ability to grow and maintain core deposits and retain large, uninsured deposits), credit and interest rate risks associated with the First Merchants’ business; and other risks and factors identified in each of First Merchants’ filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission. First Merchants does not undertake any obligation to update any forward-looking statement, whether written or oral, relating to the matters discussed in this press release. In addition, First Merchants’ past results of operations do not necessarily indicate its anticipated future results.

    CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS      
    (Dollars In Thousands) December 31,
        2024       2023  
    ASSETS      
    Cash and due from banks $ 87,616     $ 112,649  
    Interest-bearing deposits   298,891       436,080  
    Investment securities, net of allowance for credit losses of $245,000 and $245,000   3,460,695       3,811,364  
    Loans held for sale   18,663       18,934  
    Loans   12,854,359       12,486,027  
    Less: Allowance for credit losses – loans   (192,757 )     (204,934 )
    Net loans   12,661,602       12,281,093  
    Premises and equipment   129,743       133,896  
    Federal Home Loan Bank stock   41,690       41,769  
    Interest receivable   91,829       97,664  
    Goodwill and other intangibles   731,830       739,101  
    Cash surrender value of life insurance   304,906       306,301  
    Other real estate owned   4,948       4,831  
    Tax asset, deferred and receivable   92,387       99,883  
    Other assets   387,169       322,322  
    TOTAL ASSETS $ 18,311,969     $ 18,405,887  
    LIABILITIES      
    Deposits:      
    Noninterest-bearing $ 2,325,579     $ 2,500,062  
    Interest-bearing   12,196,047       12,321,391  
    Total Deposits   14,521,626       14,821,453  
    Borrowings:      
    Federal funds purchased   99,226       —  
    Securities sold under repurchase agreements   142,876       157,280  
    Federal Home Loan Bank advances   822,554       712,852  
    Subordinated debentures and other borrowings   93,529       158,644  
    Total Borrowings   1,158,185       1,028,776  
    Interest payable   16,102       18,912  
    Other liabilities   311,073       289,033  
    Total Liabilities   16,006,986       16,158,174  
    STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY      
    Preferred Stock, $1,000 par value, $1,000 liquidation value:      
    Authorized — 600 cumulative shares      
    Issued and outstanding – 125 cumulative shares   125       125  
    Preferred Stock, Series A, no par value, $2,500 liquidation preference:      
    Authorized — 10,000 non-cumulative perpetual shares      
    Issued and outstanding – 10,000 non-cumulative perpetual shares   25,000       25,000  
    Common Stock, $.125 stated value:      
    Authorized — 100,000,000 shares      
    Issued and outstanding – 57,974,535 and 59,424,122 shares   7,247       7,428  
    Additional paid-in capital   1,188,768       1,236,506  
    Retained earnings   1,272,528       1,154,624  
    Accumulated other comprehensive loss   (188,685 )     (175,970 )
    Total Stockholders’ Equity   2,304,983       2,247,713  
    TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY $ 18,311,969     $ 18,405,887  
     
    CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME Three Months Ended   Twelve Months Ended
    (Dollars In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) December 31,   December 31,
        2024       2023       2024       2023  
    INTEREST INCOME              
    Loans:              
    Taxable $ 197,536     $ 197,523     $ 803,652     $ 747,837  
    Tax-exempt   9,020       8,197       34,262       31,954  
    Investment securities:              
    Taxable   9,024       8,644       36,086       35,207  
    Tax-exempt   12,754       13,821       53,487       58,117  
    Deposits with financial institutions   5,350       8,034       16,992       17,719  
    Federal Home Loan Bank stock   958       771       3,527       3,052  
    Total Interest Income   234,642       236,990       948,006       893,886  
    INTEREST EXPENSE              
    Deposits   89,835       96,655       386,127       306,092  
    Federal funds purchased   26       1       481       1,421  
    Securities sold under repurchase agreements   680       827       3,057       3,451  
    Federal Home Loan Bank advances   8,171       6,431       29,886       27,206  
    Subordinated debentures and other borrowings   1,560       3,013       7,341       10,316  
    Total Interest Expense   100,272       106,927       426,892       348,486  
    NET INTEREST INCOME   134,370       130,063       521,114       545,400  
    Provision for credit losses   4,200       1,500       35,700       3,500  
    NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES   130,170       128,563       485,414       541,900  
    NONINTEREST INCOME              
    Service charges on deposit accounts   8,124       7,690       32,606       30,837  
    Fiduciary and wealth management fees   8,665       8,187       34,215       30,840  
    Card payment fees   4,957       4,437       19,317       18,862  
    Net gains and fees on sales of loans   5,681       4,111       20,840       15,659  
    Derivative hedge fees   1,594       1,049       3,082       3,385  
    Other customer fees   316       237       1,547       1,880  
    Earnings on cash surrender value of life insurance   2,188       3,202       8,464       8,347  
    Net realized losses on sales of available for sale securities   (11,592 )     (2,317 )     (20,757 )     (6,930 )
    Gain on branch sale   19,983       —       19,983       —  
    Other income (loss)   2,826       (152 )     6,283       2,722  
    Total Noninterest Income   42,742       26,444       125,580       105,602  
    NONINTEREST EXPENSES              
    Salaries and employee benefits   55,437       60,967       221,167       228,745  
    Net occupancy   7,335       9,089       28,387       29,859  
    Equipment   7,028       6,108       26,802       24,113  
    Marketing   2,582       2,647       7,389       7,427  
    Outside data processing fees   6,029       5,875       27,140       25,165  
    Printing and office supplies   377       402       1,462       1,552  
    Intangible asset amortization   1,771       2,182       7,271       8,743  
    FDIC assessments   3,744       7,557       15,029       14,674  
    Other real estate owned and foreclosure expenses   227       1,743       2,076       3,318  
    Professional and other outside services   3,777       3,981       14,586       16,172  
    Other expenses   7,982       7,552       27,957       28,502  
    Total Noninterest Expenses   96,289       108,103       379,266       388,270  
    INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX   76,623       46,904       231,728       259,232  
    Income tax expense   12,274       4,425       30,326       35,446  
    NET INCOME   64,349       42,479       201,402       223,786  
    Preferred stock dividends   469       469       1,875       1,875  
    NET INCOME AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS $ 63,880     $ 42,010     $ 199,527     $ 221,911  
    Per Share Data:              
    Basic Net Income Available to Common Stockholders $ 1.10     $ 0.71     $ 3.42     $ 3.74  
    Diluted Net Income Available to Common Stockholders $ 1.10     $ 0.71     $ 3.41     $ 3.73  
    Cash Dividends Paid to Common Stockholders $ 0.35     $ 0.34     $ 1.39     $ 1.34  
    Average Diluted Common Shares Outstanding (in thousands)   58,247       59,556       58,533       59,489  
     
    FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS              
    (Dollars in thousands) Three Months Ended   Twelve Months Ended
      December 31,   December 31,
        2024       2023       2024       2023  
    NET CHARGE-OFFS $ 771     $ 3,148     $ 49,377     $ 25,643  
                   
    AVERAGE BALANCES:              
    Total Assets $ 18,478,303     $ 18,397,200     $ 18,400,495     $ 18,186,507  
    Total Loans   12,757,676       12,396,451       12,634,324       12,297,974  
    Total Earning Assets   17,089,198       17,222,714       17,054,267       16,991,787  
    Total Deposits   14,788,294       15,000,580       14,816,564       14,721,498  
    Total Stockholders’ Equity   2,312,270       2,130,993       2,252,491       2,127,262  
                   
    FINANCIAL RATIOS:              
    Return on Average Assets   1.39 %     0.92 %     1.09 %     1.23 %
    Return on Average Stockholders’ Equity   11.05       7.89       8.86       10.43  
    Return on Tangible Common Stockholders’ Equity   16.75       12.75       13.71       16.76  
    Average Earning Assets to Average Assets   92.48       93.62       92.68       93.43  
    Allowance for Credit Losses – Loans as % of Total Loans   1.50       1.64       1.50       1.64  
    Net Charge-offs as % of Average Loans (Annualized)   0.02       0.10       0.39       0.21  
    Average Stockholders’ Equity to Average Assets   12.51       11.58       12.24       11.70  
    Tax Equivalent Yield on Average Earning Assets   5.63       5.64       5.69       5.40  
    Interest Expense/Average Earning Assets   2.35       2.48       2.50       2.05  
    Net Interest Margin (FTE) on Average Earning Assets   3.28       3.16       3.19       3.35  
    Efficiency Ratio   48.48       63.26       53.55       55.17  
    Tangible Common Book Value Per Share $ 26.78     $ 25.06     $ 26.78     $ 25.06  
     
    NONPERFORMING ASSETS                  
    (Dollars In Thousands) December 31,   September 30,   June 30,   March 31,   December 31,
        2024       2024       2024       2024       2023  
    Nonaccrual Loans $ 73,773     $ 59,088     $ 61,906     $ 62,478     $ 53,580  
    Other Real Estate Owned and Repossessions   4,948       5,247       4,824       4,886       4,831  
    Nonperforming Assets (NPA)   78,721       64,335       66,730       67,364       58,411  
    90+ Days Delinquent   5,902       14,105       1,686       2,838       172  
    NPAs & 90 Day Delinquent $ 84,623     $ 78,440     $ 68,416     $ 70,202     $ 58,583  
                       
    Allowance for Credit Losses – Loans $ 192,757     $ 187,828     $ 189,537     $ 204,681     $ 204,934  
    Quarterly Net Charge-offs   771       6,709       39,644       2,253       3,148  
    NPAs / Actual Assets %   0.43 %     0.35 %     0.36 %     0.37 %     0.32 %
    NPAs & 90 Day / Actual Assets %   0.46 %     0.43 %     0.37 %     0.38 %     0.32 %
    NPAs / Actual Loans and OREO %   0.61 %     0.51 %     0.53 %     0.54 %     0.47 %
    Allowance for Credit Losses – Loans / Actual Loans (%)   1.50 %     1.48 %     1.50 %     1.64 %     1.64 %
    Net Charge-offs as % of Average Loans (Annualized)   0.02 %     0.21 %     1.26 %     0.07 %     0.10 %
     
    CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS                  
    (Dollars In Thousands) December 31,   September 30,   June 30,   March 31,   December 31,
        2024       2024       2024       2024       2023  
    ASSETS                  
    Cash and due from banks $ 87,616     $ 84,719     $ 105,372     $ 100,514     $ 112,649  
    Interest-bearing deposits   298,891       359,126       168,528       410,497       436,080  
    Investment securities, net of allowance for credit losses   3,460,695       3,662,145       3,753,088       3,783,574       3,811,364  
    Loans held for sale   18,663       40,652       32,292       15,118       18,934  
    Loans   12,854,359       12,646,808       12,639,650       12,465,582       12,486,027  
    Less: Allowance for credit losses – loans   (192,757 )     (187,828 )     (189,537 )     (204,681 )     (204,934 )
    Net loans   12,661,602       12,458,980       12,450,113       12,260,901       12,281,093  
    Premises and equipment   129,743       129,582       133,245       132,706       133,896  
    Federal Home Loan Bank stock   41,690       41,716       41,738       41,758       41,769  
    Interest receivable   91,829       92,055       97,546       92,550       97,664  
    Goodwill and other intangibles   731,830       733,601       735,373       737,144       739,101  
    Cash surrender value of life insurance   304,906       304,613       306,379       306,028       306,301  
    Other real estate owned   4,948       5,247       4,824       4,886       4,831  
    Tax asset, deferred and receivable   92,387       86,732       107,080       101,121       99,883  
    Other assets   387,169       348,384       367,845       331,006       322,322  
    TOTAL ASSETS $ 18,311,969     $ 18,347,552     $ 18,303,423     $ 18,317,803     $ 18,405,887  
    LIABILITIES                  
    Deposits:                  
    Noninterest-bearing $ 2,325,579     $ 2,334,197     $ 2,303,313     $ 2,338,364     $ 2,500,062  
    Interest-bearing   12,196,047       12,030,903       12,265,757       12,546,220       12,321,391  
    Total Deposits   14,521,626       14,365,100       14,569,070       14,884,584       14,821,453  
    Borrowings:                  
    Federal funds purchased   99,226       30,000       147,229       —       —  
    Securities sold under repurchase agreements   142,876       124,894       100,451       130,264       157,280  
    Federal Home Loan Bank advances   822,554       832,629       832,703       612,778       712,852  
    Subordinated debentures and other borrowings   93,529       93,562       93,589       118,612       158,644  
    Total Borrowings   1,158,185       1,081,085       1,173,972       861,654       1,028,776  
    Deposits and other liabilities held for sale   —       288,476       —       —       —  
    Interest payable   16,102       18,089       18,554       19,262       18,912  
    Other liabilities   311,073       292,429       329,302       327,500       289,033  
    Total Liabilities   16,006,986       16,045,179       16,090,898       16,093,000       16,158,174  
    STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY                  
    Preferred Stock, $1,000 par value, $1,000 liquidation value:                  
    Authorized — 600 cumulative shares                  
    Issued and outstanding – 125 cumulative shares   125       125       125       125       125  
    Preferred Stock, Series A, no par value, $2,500 liquidation preference:                  
    Authorized — 10,000 non-cumulative perpetual shares                  
    Issued and outstanding – 10,000 non-cumulative perpetual shares   25,000       25,000       25,000       25,000       25,000  
    Common Stock, $.125 stated value:                  
    Authorized — 100,000,000 shares                  
    Issued and outstanding   7,247       7,265       7,256       7,321       7,428  
    Additional paid-in capital   1,188,768       1,192,683       1,191,193       1,208,447       1,236,506  
    Retained earnings   1,272,528       1,229,125       1,200,930       1,181,939       1,154,624  
    Accumulated other comprehensive loss   (188,685 )     (151,825 )     (211,979 )     (198,029 )     (175,970 )
    Total Stockholders’ Equity   2,304,983       2,302,373       2,212,525       2,224,803       2,247,713  
    TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY $ 18,311,969     $ 18,347,552     $ 18,303,423     $ 18,317,803     $ 18,405,887  
                       
    CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME                  
    (Dollars In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) December 31,   September 30,   June 30,   March 31,   December 31,
        2024       2024       2024       2024       2023  
    INTEREST INCOME                  
    Loans:                  
    Taxable $ 197,536     $ 206,680     $ 201,413     $ 198,023     $ 197,523  
    Tax-exempt   9,020       8,622       8,430       8,190       8,197  
    Investment securities:                  
    Taxable   9,024       9,263       9,051       8,748       8,644  
    Tax-exempt   12,754       13,509       13,613       13,611       13,821  
    Deposits with financial institutions   5,350       2,154       2,995       6,493       8,034  
    Federal Home Loan Bank stock   958       855       879       835       771  
    Total Interest Income   234,642       241,083       236,381       235,900       236,990  
    INTEREST EXPENSE                  
    Deposits   89,835       98,856       99,151       98,285       96,655  
    Federal funds purchased   26       329       126       —       1  
    Securities sold under repurchase agreements   680       700       645       1,032       827  
    Federal Home Loan Bank advances   8,171       8,544       6,398       6,773       6,431  
    Subordinated debentures and other borrowings   1,560       1,544       1,490       2,747       3,013  
    Total Interest Expense   100,272       109,973       107,810       108,837       106,927  
    NET INTEREST INCOME   134,370       131,110       128,571       127,063       130,063  
    Provision for credit losses   4,200       5,000       24,500       2,000       1,500  
    NET INTEREST INCOME AFTER PROVISION FOR CREDIT LOSSES   130,170       126,110       104,071       125,063       128,563  
    NONINTEREST INCOME                  
    Service charges on deposit accounts   8,124       8,361       8,214       7,907       7,690  
    Fiduciary and wealth management fees   8,665       8,525       8,825       8,200       8,187  
    Card payment fees   4,957       5,121       4,739       4,500       4,437  
    Net gains and fees on sales of loans   5,681       6,764       5,141       3,254       4,111  
    Derivative hedge fees   1,594       736       489       263       1,049  
    Other customer fees   316       344       460       427       237  
    Earnings on cash surrender value of life insurance   2,188       2,755       1,929       1,592       3,202  
    Net realized losses on sales of available for sale securities   (11,592 )     (9,114 )     (49 )     (2 )     (2,317 )
    Gain on branch sale   19,983       —       —       —       —  
    Other income (loss)   2,826       1,374       1,586       497       (152 )
    Total Noninterest Income   42,742       24,866       31,334       26,638       26,444  
    NONINTEREST EXPENSES                  
    Salaries and employee benefits   55,437       55,223       52,214       58,293       60,967  
    Net occupancy   7,335       6,994       6,746       7,312       9,089  
    Equipment   7,028       6,949       6,599       6,226       6,108  
    Marketing   2,582       1,836       1,773       1,198       2,647  
    Outside data processing fees   6,029       7,150       7,072       6,889       5,875  
    Printing and office supplies   377       378       354       353       402  
    Intangible asset amortization   1,771       1,772       1,771       1,957       2,182  
    FDIC assessments   3,744       3,720       3,278       4,287       7,557  
    Other real estate owned and foreclosure expenses   227       942       373       534       1,743  
    Professional and other outside services   3,777       3,035       3,822       3,952       3,981  
    Other expenses   7,982       6,630       7,411       5,934       7,552  
    Total Noninterest Expenses   96,289       94,629       91,413       96,935       108,103  
    INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAX   76,623       56,347       43,992       54,766       46,904  
    Income tax expense   12,274       7,160       4,067       6,825       4,425  
    NET INCOME   64,349       49,187       39,925       47,941       42,479  
    Preferred stock dividends   469       468       469       469       469  
    NET INCOME AVAILABLE TO COMMON STOCKHOLDERS $ 63,880     $ 48,719     $ 39,456     $ 47,472     $ 42,010  
    Per Share Data:                  
    Basic Net Income Available to Common Stockholders $ 1.10     $ 0.84     $ 0.68     $ 0.80     $ 0.71  
    Diluted Net Income Available to Common Stockholders $ 1.10     $ 0.84     $ 0.68     $ 0.80     $ 0.71  
    Cash Dividends Paid to Common Stockholders $ 0.35     $ 0.35     $ 0.35     $ 0.34     $ 0.34  
    Average Diluted Common Shares Outstanding (in thousands)   58,247       58,289       58,328       59,273       59,556  
    FINANCIAL RATIOS:                  
    Return on Average Assets   1.39 %     1.07 %     0.87 %     1.04 %     0.92 %
    Return on Average Stockholders’ Equity   11.05       8.66       7.16       8.47       7.89  
    Return on Tangible Common Stockholders’ Equity   16.75       13.39       11.29       13.21       12.75  
    Average Earning Assets to Average Assets   92.48       92.54       92.81       92.91       93.62  
    Allowance for Credit Losses – Loans as % of Total Loans   1.50       1.48       1.50       1.64       1.64  
    Net Charge-offs as % of Average Loans (Annualized)   0.02       0.21       1.26       0.07       0.10  
    Average Stockholders’ Equity to Average Assets   12.51       12.26       12.02       12.17       11.58  
    Tax Equivalent Yield on Average Earning Assets   5.63       5.82       5.69       5.65       5.64  
    Interest Expense/Average Earning Assets   2.35       2.59       2.53       2.55       2.48  
    Net Interest Margin (FTE) on Average Earning Assets   3.28       3.23       3.16       3.10       3.16  
    Efficiency Ratio   48.48       53.76       53.84       59.21       63.26  
    Tangible Common Book Value Per Share $ 26.78     $ 26.64     $ 25.10     $ 25.07     $ 25.06  
    LOANS                  
    (Dollars In Thousands) December 31,   September 30,   June 30,   March 31,   December 31,
        2024       2024       2024       2024       2023  
    Commercial and industrial loans $ 4,114,292     $ 4,041,217     $ 3,949,817     $ 3,722,365     $ 3,670,948  
    Agricultural land, production and other loans to farmers   256,312       238,743       239,926       234,431       263,414  
    Real estate loans:                  
    Construction   792,144       814,704       823,267       941,726       957,545  
    Commercial real estate, non-owner occupied   2,274,016       2,251,351       2,323,533       2,368,360       2,400,839  
    Commercial real estate, owner occupied   1,157,944       1,152,751       1,174,195       1,137,894       1,162,083  
    Residential   2,374,729       2,366,943       2,370,905       2,316,490       2,288,921  
    Home equity   659,811       641,188       631,104       618,258       617,571  
    Individuals’ loans for household and other personal expenditures   166,028       158,480       162,089       161,459       168,388  
    Public finance and other commercial loans   1,059,083       981,431       964,814       964,599       956,318  
    Loans   12,854,359       12,646,808       12,639,650       12,465,582       12,486,027  
    Allowance for credit losses – loans   (192,757 )     (187,828 )     (189,537 )     (204,681 )     (204,934 )
    NET LOANS $ 12,661,602     $ 12,458,980     $ 12,450,113     $ 12,260,901     $ 12,281,093  
     
    DEPOSITS                  
    (Dollars In Thousands) December 31,   September 30,   June 30,   March 31,   December 31,
      2024   2024   2024   2024   2023
    Demand deposits $ 7,980,061   $ 7,678,510   $ 7,757,679   $ 7,771,976   $ 7,965,862
    Savings deposits   4,522,758     4,302,236     4,339,161     4,679,593     4,516,433
    Certificates and other time deposits of $100,000 or more   1,043,068     1,277,833     1,415,131     1,451,443     1,408,985
    Other certificates and time deposits   692,068     802,949     889,949     901,280     849,906
    Brokered certificates of deposits1   283,671     303,572     167,150     80,292     80,267
    TOTAL DEPOSITS2 $ 14,521,626   $ 14,365,100   $ 14,569,070   $ 14,884,584   $ 14,821,453

    1 – Total brokered deposits of $955.7 million, which includes brokered CD’s of $283.7 million at December 31, 2024.
    2 – Total deposits at September 30, 2024 excluded $287.7 million of deposits reclassified to Deposits and other liabilities held for sale related to the Illinois branch sale. The sale of $267.4 million of deposits associated with the Illinois branch sale was subsequently completed on December 6, 2024.

    CONSOLIDATED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET AND NET INTEREST MARGIN ANALYSIS            
    (Dollars in Thousands)                      
      For the Three Months Ended
      December 31, 2024   December 31, 2023
      Average Balance   Interest
    Income /
    Expense    		   Average
    Rate    		   Average Balance   Interest
    Income /
    Expense    		   Average
    Rate
    ASSETS                      
    Interest-bearing deposits $ 522,868   $ 5,350   4.09 %   $ 700,705   $ 8,034   4.59 %
    Federal Home Loan Bank stock   41,703     958   9.19       41,792     771   7.38  
    Investment Securities:(1)                      
    Taxable   1,677,554     9,024   2.15       1,801,533     8,644   1.92  
    Tax-exempt(2)   2,089,397     16,144   3.09       2,282,233     17,495   3.07  
    Total Investment Securities   3,766,951     25,168   2.67       4,083,766     26,139   2.56  
    Loans held for sale   36,219     550   6.07       16,355     246   6.02  
    Loans:(3)                      
    Commercial   8,753,723     156,414   7.15       8,533,233     159,190   7.46  
    Real estate mortgage   2,177,351     24,401   4.48       2,118,060     21,829   4.12  
    HELOC and installment   841,537     16,171   7.69       820,728     16,258   7.92  
    Tax-exempt(2)   948,846     11,418   4.81       908,075     10,376   4.57  
    Total Loans   12,757,676     208,954   6.55       12,396,451     207,899   6.71  
    Total Earning Assets   17,089,198     240,430   5.63 %     17,222,714     242,843   5.64 %
    Total Non-Earning Assets   1,389,105             1,174,486        
    TOTAL ASSETS $ 18,478,303           $ 18,397,200        
    LIABILITIES                      
    Interest-Bearing Deposits:                      
    Interest-bearing deposits $ 5,564,228   $ 37,049   2.66 %   $ 5,504,725   $ 40,996   2.98 %
    Money market deposits   3,189,334     25,463   3.19       3,096,085     27,909   3.61  
    Savings deposits   1,362,705     3,102   0.91       1,587,758     3,913   0.99  
    Certificates and other time deposits   2,313,284     24,221   4.19       2,225,528     23,837   4.28  
    Total Interest-Bearing Deposits   12,429,551     89,835   2.89       12,414,096     96,655   3.11  
    Borrowings   1,049,677     10,437   3.98       1,013,856     10,272   4.05  
    Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities   13,479,228     100,272   2.98       13,427,952     106,927   3.19  
    Noninterest-bearing deposits   2,358,743             2,586,484        
    Other liabilities   328,062             251,771        
    Total Liabilities   16,166,033             16,266,207        
    STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY   2,312,270             2,130,993        
    TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY $ 18,478,303     100,272       $ 18,397,200     106,927    
    Net Interest Income (FTE)     $ 140,158           $ 135,916    
    Net Interest Spread (FTE)(4)         2.65 %           2.45 %
                           
    Net Interest Margin (FTE):                      
    Interest Income (FTE) / Average Earning Assets         5.63 %           5.64 %
    Interest Expense / Average Earning Assets         2.35 %           2.48 %
    Net Interest Margin (FTE)(5)         3.28 %           3.16 %
                           
    (1)Average balance of securities is computed based on the average of the historical amortized cost balances without the effects of the fair value adjustments. Annualized amounts are computed using a 30/360 day basis.
    (2)Tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis, using a marginal tax rate of 21 percent for 2024 and 2023. These totals equal $5,788 and $5,853 for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
    (3)Non accruing loans have been included in the average balances.
    (4)Net Interest Spread (FTE) is interest income expressed as a percentage of average earning assets minus interest expense expressed as a percentage of average interest-bearing liabilities.
    (5)Net Interest Margin (FTE) is interest income expressed as a percentage of average earning assets minus interest expense expressed as a percentage of average earning assets.
     
                           
    CONSOLIDATED AVERAGE BALANCE SHEET AND NET INTEREST MARGIN ANALYSIS            
    (Dollars in Thousands)                      
      For the Twelve Months Ended
      December 31, 2024   December 31, 2023
      Average Balance   Interest
    Income /
    Expense    		   Average
    Rate    		   Average Balance   Interest
    Income /
    Expense    		   Average
    Rate
    Assets:                      
    Interest-bearing deposits $ 418,163   $ 16,992   4.06 %   $ 431,581   $ 17,719   4.11 %
    Federal Home Loan Bank stock   41,736     3,527   8.45       41,319     3,052   7.39  
    Investment Securities:(1)                      
    Taxable   1,759,578     36,086   2.05       1,854,438     35,207   1.90  
    Tax-exempt(2)   2,200,466     67,705   3.08       2,366,475     73,566   3.11  
    Total Investment Securities   3,960,044     103,791   2.62       4,220,913     108,773   2.58  
    Loans held for sale   29,650     1,792   6.04       21,766     1,292   5.94  
    Loans:(3)                      
    Commercial   8,687,638     641,393   7.38       8,519,706     603,611   7.08  
    Real estate mortgage   2,158,743     94,890   4.40       2,035,488     82,183   4.04  
    HELOC and installment   830,079     65,577   7.90       830,006     60,751   7.32  
    Tax-exempt(2)   928,214     43,370   4.67       891,008     40,448   4.54  
    Total Loans   12,634,324     847,022   6.70       12,297,974     788,285   6.41  
    Total Earning Assets   17,054,267     971,332   5.69 %     16,991,787     917,829   5.40 %
    Total Non-Earning Assets   1,346,228             1,194,720        
    Total Assets $ 18,400,495           $ 18,186,507        
    Liabilities:                      
    Interest-Bearing deposits:                      
    Interest-bearing deposits $ 5,506,492   $ 157,984   2.87 %   $ 5,435,733   $ 138,012   2.54 %
    Money market deposits   3,061,461     106,026   3.46       2,884,271     83,777   2.90  
    Savings deposits   1,463,707     14,587   1.00       1,694,230     14,606   0.86  
    Certificates and other time deposits   2,413,900     107,530   4.45       1,923,268     69,697   3.62  
    Total Interest-Bearing Deposits   12,445,560     386,127   3.10       11,937,502     306,092   2.56  
    Borrowings   1,005,017     40,765   4.06       1,111,472     42,394   3.81  
    Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities   13,450,577     426,892   3.17       13,048,974     348,486   2.67  
    Noninterest-bearing deposits   2,371,004             2,783,996        
    Other liabilities   326,423             226,275        
    Total Liabilities   16,148,004             16,059,245        
    Stockholders’ Equity   2,252,491             2,127,262        
    Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity $ 18,400,495     426,892       $ 18,186,507     348,486    
    Net Interest Income (FTE)     $ 544,440           $ 569,343    
    Net Interest Spread (FTE)(4)         2.52 %           2.73 %
                           
    Net Interest Margin (FTE):                      
    Interest Income (FTE) / Average Earning Assets         5.69 %           5.40 %
    Interest Expense / Average Earning Assets         2.50 %           2.05 %
    Net Interest Margin (FTE)(5)         3.19 %           3.35 %
                           
    (1)Average balance of securities is computed based on the average of the historical amortized cost balances without the effects of the fair value adjustments. Annualized amounts are computed using a 30/360 day basis.
    (2)Tax-exempt securities and loans are presented on a fully taxable equivalent basis, using a marginal tax rate of 21 percent for 2024 and 2023. These totals equal $23,326 and $23,943 for the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
    (3)Non accruing loans have been included in the average balances.           
    (4)Net Interest Spread (FTE) is interest income expressed as a percentage of average earning assets minus interest expense expressed as a percentage of average interest-bearing liabilities.
    (5)Net Interest Margin (FTE) is interest income expressed as a percentage of average earning assets minus interest expense expressed as a percentage of average earning assets.
     
    ADJUSTED NET INCOME AND DILUTED EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE – NON-GAAP
    (Dollars In Thousands, Except Per Share Amounts) Three Months Ended   Twelve Months Ended
      December 31,   September 30,   June 30,   March 31,   December 31,   December 31,   December 31,
        2024       2024       2024       2024       2023       2024       2023  
    Net Income Available to Common Stockholders – GAAP $ 63,880     $ 48,719     $ 39,456     $ 47,472     $ 42,010     $ 199,527     $ 221,911  
    Adjustments:                          
    PPP loan income   —       —       —       —       (7 )     —       (49 )
    Net realized losses on sales of available for sale securities   11,592       9,114       49       2       2,317       20,757       6,930  
    Gain on branch sale   (19,983 )     —       —       —       —       (19,983 )     —  
    Non-core expenses1,2,3   762       —       —       3,481       12,682       4,243       12,682  
    Tax on adjustments   1,851       (2,220 )     (12 )     (848 )     (3,652 )     (1,229 )     (4,767 )
    Adjusted Net Income Available to Common Stockholders – Non-GAAP $ 58,102     $ 55,613     $ 39,493     $ 50,107     $ 53,350     $ 203,315     $ 236,707  
                               
    Average Diluted Common Shares Outstanding (in thousands)   58,247       58,289       58,328       59,273       59,556       58,533       59,489  
                               
    Diluted Earnings Per Common Share – GAAP $ 1.10     $ 0.84     $ 0.68     $ 0.80     $ 0.71     $ 3.41     $ 3.73  
    Adjustments:                          
    PPP loan income   —       —       —       —       —       —       —  
    Net realized losses on sales of available for sale securities   0.20       0.15       —       —       0.04       0.35       0.12  
    Gain on branch sale   (0.34 )     —       —       —       —       (0.34 )     —  
    Non-core expenses1,2,3   0.01       —       —       0.06       0.21       0.07       0.21  
    Tax on adjustments   0.03       (0.04 )     —       (0.01 )     (0.06 )     (0.02 )     (0.08 )
    Adjusted Diluted Earnings Per Common Share – Non-GAAP $ 1.00     $ 0.95     $ 0.68     $ 0.85     $ 0.90     $ 3.47     $ 3.98  

    1 – Non-core expenses in 4Q24 included $0.8 million of costs directly related to the branch sale.
    2 – Non-core expenses in 1Q24 included $2.4 million from duplicative online banking conversion costs and $1.1 million from the FDIC special assessment.
    3 – Non-core expenses in 4Q23 included $6.3 million from early retirement and severance costs, $4.3 million from the FDIC special assessment, and $2.1 million from a lease termination.

    NET INTEREST MARGIN (“NIM”), ADJUSTED                
    (Dollars in Thousands)                
      Three Months Ended   Twelve Months Ended
      December 31,   September 30,   June 30,   March 31,   December 31,   December 31,   December 31,
        2024       2024       2024       2024       2023       2024       2023  
    Net Interest Income (GAAP) $ 134,370     $ 131,110     $ 128,571     $ 127,063     $ 130,063     $ 521,114     $ 545,400  
    Fully Taxable Equivalent (“FTE”) Adjustment   5,788       5,883       5,859       5,795       5,853       23,326       23,943  
    Net Interest Income (FTE) (non-GAAP) $ 140,158     $ 136,993     $ 134,430     $ 132,858     $ 135,916     $ 544,440     $ 569,343  
                               
    Average Earning Assets (GAAP) $ 17,089,198     $ 16,990,358     $ 17,013,984     $ 17,123,851     $ 17,222,714     $ 17,054,267     $ 16,991,787  
    Net Interest Margin (GAAP)   3.15 %     3.09 %     3.02 %     2.97 %     3.02 %     3.06 %     3.21 %
    Net Interest Margin (FTE) (non-GAAP)   3.28 %     3.23 %     3.16 %     3.10 %     3.16 %     3.19 %     3.35 %
     
    RETURN ON TANGIBLE COMMON EQUITY – NON-GAAP
    (Dollars In Thousands) Three Months Ended   Twelve Months Ended
      December 31,   September 30,   June 30,   March 31,   December 31,   December 31,   December 31,
        2024       2024       2024       2024       2023       2024       2023  
    Total Average Stockholders’ Equity (GAAP) $ 2,312,270     $ 2,251,547     $ 2,203,361     $ 2,242,139     $ 2,130,993     $ 2,252,491     $ 2,127,262  
    Less: Average Preferred Stock   (25,125 )     (25,125 )     (25,125 )     (25,125 )     (25,125 )     (25,125 )     (25,125 )
    Less: Average Intangible Assets, Net of Tax   (728,218 )     (729,581 )     (730,980 )     (732,432 )     (734,007 )     (730,295 )     (736,601 )
    Average Tangible Common Equity, Net of Tax (Non-GAAP) $ 1,558,927     $ 1,496,841     $ 1,447,256     $ 1,484,582     $ 1,371,861     $ 1,497,071     $ 1,365,536  
                               
    Net Income Available to Common Stockholders (GAAP) $ 63,880     $ 48,719     $ 39,456     $ 47,472     $ 42,010     $ 199,527     $ 221,911  
    Plus: Intangible Asset Amortization, Net of Tax   1,399       1,399       1,399       1,546       1,724       5,744       6,906  
    Tangible Net Income (Non-GAAP) $ 65,279     $ 50,118     $ 40,855     $ 49,018     $ 43,734     $ 205,271     $ 228,817  
                               
    Return on Tangible Common Equity (Non-GAAP)   16.75 %     13.39 %     11.29 %     13.21 %     12.75 %     13.71 %     16.76 %
     
    EFFICIENCY RATIO – NON-GAAP                          
    (Dollars In Thousands) Three Months Ended   Twelve Months Ended
      December 31,   September 30,   June 30,   March 31,   December 31,   December 31,   December 31,
        2024       2024       2024       2024       2023       2024       2023  
    Non Interest Expense (GAAP) $ 96,289     $ 94,629     $ 91,413     $ 96,935     $ 108,103     $ 379,266     $ 388,270  
    Less: Intangible Asset Amortization   (1,771 )     (1,772 )     (1,771 )     (1,957 )     (2,182 )     (7,271 )     (8,743 )
    Less: OREO and Foreclosure Expenses   (227 )     (942 )     (373 )     (534 )     (1,743 )     (2,076 )     (3,318 )
    Adjusted Non Interest Expense (Non-GAAP) $ 94,291     $ 91,915     $ 89,269     $ 94,444     $ 104,178     $ 369,919     $ 376,209  
                               
    Net Interest Income (GAAP) $ 134,370     $ 131,110     $ 128,571     $ 127,063     $ 130,063     $ 521,114     $ 545,400  
    Plus: Fully Taxable Equivalent Adjustment   5,788       5,883       5,859       5,795       5,853       23,326       23,943  
    Net Interest Income on a Fully Taxable Equivalent Basis (Non-GAAP) $ 140,158     $ 136,993     $ 134,430     $ 132,858     $ 135,916     $ 544,440     $ 569,343  
                               
    Non Interest Income (GAAP) $ 42,742     $ 24,866     $ 31,334     $ 26,638     $ 26,444     $ 125,580     $ 105,602  
    Less: Investment Securities (Gains) Losses   11,592       9,114       49       2       2,317       20,757       6,930  
    Adjusted Non Interest Income (Non-GAAP) $ 54,334     $ 33,980     $ 31,383     $ 26,640     $ 28,761     $ 146,337     $ 112,532  
    Adjusted Revenue (Non-GAAP) $ 194,492     $ 170,973     $ 165,813     $ 159,498     $ 164,677     $ 690,777     $ 681,875  
    Efficiency Ratio (Non-GAAP)   48.48 %     53.76 %     53.84 %     59.21 %     63.26 %     53.55 %     55.17 %
                               
    Adjusted Non Interest Expense (Non-GAAP) $ 94,291     $ 91,915     $ 89,269     $ 94,444     $ 104,178     $ 369,919     $ 376,209  
    Less: Acquisition-related Expenses   —       —       —       —       —       —       —  
    Less: Non-core Expenses1,2,3   (762 )     —       —       (3,481 )     (12,682 )     (4,243 )     (12,682 )
    Adjusted Non Interest Expense Excluding Non-core Expenses (Non-GAAP) $ 93,529     $ 91,915     $ 89,269     $ 90,963     $ 91,496     $ 365,676     $ 363,527  
                               
    Adjusted Revenue (Non-GAAP) $ 194,492     $ 170,973     $ 165,813     $ 159,498     $ 164,677     $ 690,777     $ 681,875  
    Less: Gain on Branch Sale   (19,983 )     —       —       —       —       (19,983 )     —  
    Adjusted Revenue Excluding Gain on Branch Sale (Non-GAAP) $ 174,509     $ 170,973     $ 165,813     $ 159,498     $ 164,677     $ 670,794     $ 681,875  
    Adjusted Efficiency Ratio (Non-GAAP)   53.60 %     53.76 %     53.84 %     57.03 %     55.56 %     54.51 %     53.31 %

    1 – Non-core expenses in 4Q24 included $0.8 million of costs directly related to the branch sale.
    2 – Non-core expenses in 1Q24 included $2.4 million from duplicative online banking conversion costs and $1.1 million from the FDIC special assessment.
    3 – Non-core expenses in 4Q23 included $6.3 million from early retirement and severance costs, $4.3 million from the FDIC special assessment, and $2.1 million from a lease termination.

    For more information, contact:
    Nicole M. Weaver, Vice President and Director of Corporate Administration
    765-521-7619
    http://www.firstmerchants.com

    SOURCE: First Merchants Corporation, Muncie, Indiana

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: RBI imposes monetary penalty on The Vadali Nagarik Sahakari Bank Ltd., Dist. Sabarkantha, Gujarat

    Source: Reserve Bank of India

    The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has, by an order dated January 28, 2025, imposed a monetary penalty of ₹2.00 lakh (Rupees Two Lakh only) on The Vadali Nagarik Sahakari Bank Ltd., Dist. Sabarkantha, Gujarat (the bank) for non-compliance with certain directions issued by RBI on ‘Loans and Advances to directors, relatives and firms/concerns in which they are Interested’; ‘Placement of deposits with other banks by Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks’ and ‘Know Your Customer (KYC)’. This penalty has been imposed in exercise of powers conferred in RBI under section 47A(1)(c) read with sections 46(4)(i) and 56 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.

    The statutory inspection of the bank was conducted by RBI with reference to its financial position as on March 31, 2023. Based on supervisory findings of non-compliance with RBI directions and related correspondence in that regard, a notice was issued to the bank advising it to show cause as to why penalty should not be imposed on it for its failure to comply with the said directions. After considering the bank’s reply to the notice and oral submissions made during the personal hearing, RBI found, inter alia, that the following charges against the bank were sustained, warranting imposition of monetary penalty:

    The bank had:

    1. sanctioned a loan wherein relative of its director stood as guarantor;

    2. failed to adhere to the prudential inter-bank (gross) and counterparty exposure limits; and

    3. failed to carry out periodic review of risk categorisation of certain accounts at least once in six months.

    This action is based on deficiencies in regulatory compliance and is not intended to pronounce upon the validity of any transaction or agreement entered into by the bank with its customers. Further, imposition of this monetary penalty is without prejudice to any other action that may be initiated by RBI against the bank.

    (Puneet Pancholy)  
    Chief General Manager

    Press Release: 2024-2025/2043

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: RBI imposes monetary penalty on The Kosamba Mercantile Co-operative Bank Ltd., Dist. Surat, Gujarat

    Source: Reserve Bank of India

    The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has, by an order dated January 28, 2025, imposed a monetary penalty of ₹2.00 lakh (Rupees Two Lakh only) on The Kosamba Mercantile Co-operative Bank Ltd., Dist. Surat, Gujarat (the bank) for non-compliance with certain directions issued by RBI on ‘Placement of Deposits with Other Banks by Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks’ and ‘Know Your Customer (KYC)’. This penalty has been imposed in exercise of powers conferred in RBI under Section 47A(1)(c) read with Sections 46(4)(i) and 56 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.

    The statutory inspection of the bank was conducted by RBI with reference to its financial position as on March 31, 2023. Based on supervisory findings of non-compliance with RBI directions and related correspondence in that regard, a notice was issued to the bank advising it to show cause as to why penalty should not be imposed on it for its failure to comply with the said directions. After considering the bank’s reply to the notice and oral submissions made during the personal hearing, RBI found, inter alia, that the following charges against the bank were sustained, warranting imposition of monetary penalty:

    The bank had failed to:

    1. adhere to the prudential inter-bank (gross) and counterparty exposure limits;

    2. upload the KYC records of customers onto Central KYC Records Registry (CKYCR) within the prescribed time; and

    3. carry out periodic review of risk categorisation of accounts at least once in six months.

    This action is based on deficiencies in regulatory compliance and is not intended to pronounce upon the validity of any transaction or agreement entered into by the bank with its customers. Further, imposition of this monetary penalty is without prejudice to any other action that may be initiated by RBI against the bank.

    (Puneet Pancholy)  
    Chief General Manager

    Press Release: 2024-2025/2044

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: RBI imposes monetary penalty on Shree Savli Nagrik Sahakari Bank Ltd., Dist. Vadodara, Gujarat

    Source: Reserve Bank of India

    The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has, by an order dated January 27, 2025, imposed a monetary penalty of ₹2.10 lakh (Rupees Two Lakh Ten Thousand only) on Shree Savli Nagrik Sahakari Bank Ltd., Dist. Vadodara, Gujarat (the bank) for contravention of provisions of Section 26A read with Section 56 of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 (BR Act) and for non-compliance with certain directions issued by RBI on ‘Investment by Primary (Urban) Co-operative Banks’, ‘Know Your Customer (KYC)’ and ‘Membership of Credit Information Companies (CICs) by Co-operative Banks’. This penalty has been imposed in exercise of powers conferred on RBI under the provisions of Section 47A(1)(c) read with Sections 46(4)(i) and 56 of the BR Act and Section 25 of the Credit Information Companies (Regulation) Act, 2005.

    The statutory inspection of the bank was conducted by RBI with reference to its financial position as on March 31, 2023. Based on supervisory findings of contravention of statutory provisions/non-compliance with RBI directions and related correspondence in that regard, a notice was issued to the bank advising it to show cause as to why penalty should not be imposed on it for its failure to comply with the said provisions and directions. After considering the bank’s reply to the notice, oral submissions made during the personal hearing and examination of additional submissions made by it, RBI found, inter alia, that the following charges against the bank were sustained, warranting imposition of monetary penalty:

    The bank had:

    1. failed to transfer eligible unclaimed amounts to the Depositor Education and Awareness Fund within the prescribed time;

    2. breached the ceiling of total investments held under Held to Maturity (HTM) category;

    3. failed to upload the KYC records of customers onto Central KYC Records Registry (CKYCR) within the prescribed time; and

    4. failed to submit credit information of its borrowers to three CICs.

    This action is based on deficiencies in regulatory compliance and is not intended to pronounce upon the validity of any transaction or agreement entered into by the bank with its customers. Further, imposition of this monetary penalty is without prejudice to any other action that may be initiated by RBI against the bank.

    (Puneet Pancholy)  
    Chief General Manager

    Press Release: 2024-2025/2045

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: RBI imposes monetary penalty on The Odisha State Co-operative Bank Ltd

    Source: Reserve Bank of India

    The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has, by an order dated January 28, 2025, imposed a monetary penalty of ₹4.00 lakh (Rupees Four Lakh only) on The Odisha State Co-operative Bank Ltd., (the bank) for non-compliance with the provisions of Section 9 and Section 26A of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949 (BR Act). This penalty has been imposed in exercise of powers conferred on RBI under the provisions of Section 47A(1)(c) read with Section 46(4)(i) and 56 of BR Act.

    The statutory inspection of the bank was conducted by the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) with reference to its financial position as on March 31, 2023. Based on supervisory findings of contravention of statutory provisions and related correspondence in that regard, a notice was issued to the bank advising it to show cause as to why penalty should not be imposed on it for contravention of provisions of the BR Act. After considering the bank’s reply to the notice and oral submissions made during the personal hearing, RBI found, inter alia, that the following charges against the bank were sustained, warranting imposition of monetary penalty:

    The bank had:

    1. failed to dispose of certain Non-Banking Assets within the prescribed period; and

    2. failed to transfer eligible unclaimed amounts to the Depositor Education and Awareness Fund within the prescribed time.

    This action is based on deficiencies in regulatory compliance and is not intended to pronounce upon the validity of any transaction or agreement entered into by the bank with its customers. Further, imposition of this monetary penalty is without prejudice to any other action that may be initiated by RBI against the bank.

    (Puneet Pancholy)  
    Chief General Manager

    Press Release: 2024-2025/2042

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: ‘Gujarat Governance Model’ offers several best practices to be replicated elsewhere too, says Dr Jitendra Singh

    Source: Government of India (2)

    ‘Gujarat Governance Model’ offers several best practices to be replicated elsewhere too, says Dr Jitendra Singh

    Highlights Modi’s ‘ Maximum governance, minimum government ‘ mantra;

    Advocates for Central-State Collaboration to Propel India as a Global Governance Model

    Posted On: 30 JAN 2025 4:56PM by PIB Delhi

    Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh, speaking at the National Conference on Good Governance at the capital township of Gandhinagar here, observed that the “Gujarat Governance Model” offers several best practices which can be successfully replicated elsewhere too.

    The Minister recalled that many of the governance innovations successfully implemented at the Central level were first introduced in Gujarat under Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s leadership as Chief Minister.

    Addressing a pan-India audience of policymakers, senior bureaucrats, and governance experts, Dr. Jitendra Singh praised the transformation in governance over the last decade. “This transformation did not happen overnight. Many of the reforms introduced at the national level were first tested and perfected in Gujarat, and today they are being replicated across the country,” he remarked.

    Dr. Jitendra Singh underscored the fundamental shift in governance culture under Prime Minister Modi, which has taken policymaking beyond the traditional administrative strongholds of Delhi and into various regions of the country. He cited the Prime Minister’s directive to decentralize governance by ensuring that major policy discussions, conferences and outreach programs are held in different parts of the country and not necessarily in New Delhi. “By moving governance dialogues beyond Delhi, we are ensuring that reforms are more inclusive and reflective of the aspirations of people from all corners of the country,” he said.

    Union Minister of State,  Dr.Jitendra Singh speaking after inaugurating two-day “National Conference on Good Governance” at Gandhinagar, Gujarat.

    The Minister also referred to the evolution of India’s administrative framework, recalling how Sardar Patel envisioned a robust bureaucracy as the ‘steel frame’ of India, a vision that has been further refined through the Modi government’s approach of ‘Maximum Governance, Minimum Government.’ He pointed to landmark reforms, such as the scrapping of nearly 2,000 obsolete laws, the elimination of the requirement for attested documents and the removal of interviews for junior-level government jobs as measures that have streamlined bureaucracy and enhanced transparency.

    One of the standout examples of governance innovation, Dr. Jitendra Singh noted, was Gujarat’s early implementation of the 24-hour rural electrification scheme in the early 2000s. “At a time when electricity supply was erratic across the country, Gujarat pioneered uninterrupted rural electrification, a model that was later scaled up at the national level,” he said. Recounting the scale of transformation, Dr. Jitendra Singh spoke about how electricity shortages used to be commonplace in many parts of India. “There was a time when people clapped when the lights came back on after an outage. Today, power cuts are rare, and uninterrupted electricity is an expectation, not a luxury. This is the scale of governance transformation achieved,” he remarked.

    The Minister also outlined India’s progress in digital governance, emphasizing major technological interventions in public administration. Initiatives such as online RTI applications, digital life certificates for pensioners using facial recognition technology, and AI-driven administrative decision-making have positioned India as a leader in governance innovation. He stated that the use of emerging technologies will be central to governance in the coming years, making administration more efficient, transparent, and citizen-friendly.

    Dr. Jitendra Singh also spoke about the impressive strides made in grievance redressal mechanisms, particularly the CPGRAMS (Centralized Public Grievance Redressal and Monitoring System), which has now become a model for citizen-centric governance worldwide. He highlighted CPGRAMS 7.0 as a transformative leap in public grievance redressal, showcasing the power of technology and citizen-centric policies in governance. He emphasized that AI-driven reforms, including semantic search and predictive analytics, have made governance more responsive, bridging the gap between the administration and citizens. With over 19 lakh feedbacks collected and a 50% rise in satisfaction levels, CPGRAMS reflects growing public trust. He urged stakeholders to further strengthen the system, positioning it as a global model of innovation, transparency, and efficient grievance redressal.

    Dr. Jitendra Singh highlighted that between 2019 and 2024, India has witnessed a transformative shift in governance, with e-governance streamlining citizen-government interactions and enhancing transparency. He noted that the widespread adoption of e-Office version 7.0 has enabled paperless administration across Ministries, ensuring efficiency and accountability in governance. The Minister emphasized that India’s commitment to e-governance has been reinforced through platforms like the National Conference on e-Governance (NCeG), which has fostered collaboration between the Centre and States since 1997.

    Dr. Jitendra Singh highlighted the success of the fourth Sushasan Saptah—Good Governance Week—held from December 19 to 25, 2024, as a significant step toward transformative governance. He emphasized the Prashasan Gaon ki Ore campaign, which aligned with Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s vision of next-generation reforms by bringing governance closer to citizens through streamlined procedures and technology-driven service delivery. With over 36,000 camps organized across 700+ districts, resolving nearly 2.89 crore service applications, the campaign demonstrated the government’s commitment to transparency, accountability, and citizen empowerment at every level.

    Dr. Jitendra Singh further highlighted the government’s commitment to ensuring that governance is responsive and attuned to the needs of the people. He reiterated that under Prime Minister Modi’s leadership, the emphasis remains on making government services more accessible, accountable, and technology-driven. He praised Gujarat for setting a benchmark in administrative efficiency and urged other states to adopt similar governance models to enhance service delivery and public administration.

    The National Conference on Good Governance, attended by senior officials and experts, provided a platform to discuss best practices and develop strategies for further strengthening governance mechanisms across India.

    While addressing the conference, Secretary, DAR&PG, Shri V. Srinivas described the Gandhinagar Conference as a milestone moment. He emphasized that the conference aligns with the Hon’ble Prime Minister’s vision of leveraging Artificial Intelligence to enhance service delivery and explore emerging technologies in governance. Highlighting the transformative role of technology in bridging the gap between the government and citizens, he informed the gathering that the Gandhinagar event marks the 28th conference since 2014, held under the guidance of MoS Dr. Jitendra Singh.

    Dr. Jitendra Singh expressed confidence that continued collaboration between the central and state governments would lead to more impactful reforms, ultimately driving India towards becoming a global model of effective governance.

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  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: Text of Vice-President’s address to students from North-East India participating in the Rashtriya Ekatmata Yatra 2025 and Winners of Mann Ki Baat Quiz Competition (Season 4) (Excerpts)

    Source: Government of India

    The ground impact of Mann Ki Baat is amazing, it’s a great learning for young boys and girls, for politicians, for bureaucrats, for entrepreneurs and it dotes every part of this country. Mann Ki Baat concept is motivational, inspirational and highly informative.

    I would urge every young person to seriously go into the earlier episodes of Mann Ki Baat, you’ll find your knowledge level will go up. You will be stead to believe in nationalism. You will be fired by the zeal to always keep nation first.

    Mann Ki Baat, when it was a concept, there was no realization of its impact. Now, people wait for Mann Ki Baat and Mann Ki Baat has gone beyond politics. It has become a platform to connect with the executive head of the country, who for the first time in 60 years has created history to be third term Prime Minister in continuation after Pandit Nehru.

    Therefore I appeal to all of you, examine the information you have in Mann Ki Baat. Examine the inspirational quotes in Mann Ki Baat. Examine the people, historical figures whom we had forgotten. He rekindled in us an urge of nationalism to really worship our real heroes.

    Shri Ashish Chauhan, National Organising Secretary ABVP, I have had the occasion to interact with Sunil Ambekar Ji before I became Governor, State of West Bengal, and I know their commitment, passion, mission and execution is all driven by only one facet, and facet is national welfare, inclusivity, togetherness promulgating brotherhood and sisterhood. 

    As a matter of fact, this reminds me of what Vivekananda Ji said at Chicago address.

    A greatest message to the world at large at that point of time at a conference of Congress of Religions and India’s rich heritage, inclusivity was declared there. I congratulate him but I would say, आपके लंबे चौड़े परिवार में आशीष जी उपराष्ट्रपति का परिवार भी जुड़ गया है और कुछ लोगों को, आप बच्चों को, हमें भी सौभाग्य दो कि हमारे साथ भी चार दिन बिताएं, and this can be a continous program every month.

    As Chairman Rajya Sabha, I have developed a mechanism to train young people to handhold members of Parliament. I have a concept of teenage interns who for seven days have the occasion to keep their eyes open, ears open, mouth shut and see what I do and they look around and gain their way. It is heartening together from Muraleedharan ji, Republic Day and Independence Day. I would make a suggestion to both of you at two more days. We now have for last about a decade celebration of Constitution Day, 26th November, when India go to the Constitution, a very important milestone, make that day also the third day.

    Then our constitution was challenged. Young boys and girls, you do not know, Indira Gandhi as a Prime Minister imposed emergency. The constitution was shut down, people had no fundamental rights. Lakhs of people were sent to jail, many of them have become Prime Ministers, they spent 18 months in jail.

    The doors of judiciary were shut down, for you it is history, but imagine and look around what happened during that period and therefore, I urge both of them, V. Muraleedharan and Ashish Chauhan to add Samvidhan Hatya Divas of 25th June, 1975. Because unless you read history, unless you know the perils we have suffered, unless you know the dangers that are there. Therefore, we have to ensure how democratic roots go deep and democratic roots go deep only when people interact, people communicate, people have occasion to have expression with others and meaningful dialogue

    This is a unique gathering of young boys and girls of 9 states, Meghalaya, Tripura, Sikkim, Nagaland, Arunachal, Mizoram, Manipur, Assam-Ashtalakshmi !

    I have been to each of the states. I have seen your rich culture, cuisine, tribal traditions and the talent which is there. I have had the occasion to spend time both as governor the state of West Bengal because I was heading Eastern Zone Cultural Centre.

    All these are absolutely amazing states, they are gold mine for tourism, they are treasure of culture, ethnicity, variety and imaginable on the planet. We must decide to travel East, receive people from the East.

    That interaction has to take a very high level of interaction. I have had the occasion to invite artists and students from North-East to Upa-Rashtrapati Nivas.

    In early 1990s, the government thought wisely, Look East but Prime Minister Modi has taken it to the next level ‘Act East’ and that ‘Act East’ is being conversed, furthered by Ashish Chauhan and his worthy team.

    Rashtriya Ekatmata Yatra is not an expression, it is our tribute to those who made supreme sacrifice to gain freedom to us. It is our tribute to founding fathers of the Constitution who brought about this nation into existence. It is our tribute to Sardar Patel that he could integrate the princely states and this teaches us one thing, no matter what the challenges are, we will always keep nation first.

    Our nationalism can never be compromised, no gain whatsoever can be a justifiable ground to overlook national interest. The spirit of nationalism should be 24×7 in us.

    The nation for the first time is having an atmosphere of hope and possibility. No nation in the world has grown as fast as exponentially in economic terms, in infrastructure terms, in digitalisation terms, in technological penetration as Bharat. India today, the youth are bubbling with aspiration because they have tested everything is achievable.

    When there will be celebration of Independence centenary at 2047, you will be in your prime, you will be driving the engine, you will be feeling the progress. It is your time, you are the greatest system, stakeholders.

    I’m reminded what Vajpayee Ji said, mark what he says he was a great poet a great prime minister Bharat Ratna Atal Bihari Vajpayee Ji. He was the first non-congress prime minister of this country, “निज हाथों में हँसते-हँसते, आग लगाकर जलना होगा, कदम मिलाकर चलना होगा|” Understand the meaning of it that you will face all trials and tribulations, but we’ll be marching ahead in togetherness for our nation and we must march together.

    Act East policy has done wonders.

    ●     Airports have gone to 17 from , five states of North East are connected by air. There are three international airports.

    ●     Digital connectivity, I gather 95% is by 4G so far.

    ●     Road connectivity and efforts are for rail connectivity.

    The number of visits the Prime Minister has made there is remarkable. All I am suggesting is, and through you to every Indian, there is no more attractive tourist destination in the world than the Northeast. We Indians, all of us in togetherness must make it a habit to travel east, tour east and contribute for development of the east.

    The number of tourists going to the North-East every year is now over 1.25 crores, it’s a great development.

    India is changing and the world is changing because the world is recognizing India as a power. In 1990, when I was a minister, as Lok Sabha member and went to Jammu and Kashmir Srinagar not 20 people were on street, and mind you, for the last 2-3 years, more than two crore tourists are going to Jammu and Kashmir, look at the big change.

    India in the world because of the seminal cultural contribution of the North East is a place unrivaled in the world. Let us share our thoughts, I commend to Mr. Chauhan, you must expand now not arithmetically but geometrically.

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  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: Signing of Memorandum of Understanding between Data Informatics and Innovation Division, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) and Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology (IIIT-Delhi) on 30.01.2025

    Source: Government of India

    Posted On: 30 JAN 2025 4:31PM by PIB Delhi

    A Memorandum of Understanding was signed under the Data Innovation lab initiative between Data Informatics and Innovation Division, Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation (MoSPI) and Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology (IIIT-Delhi) on 30.01.2025. 

    The Ministry has initiated several reforms to modernise the National Statistical System in the last one year. In July 2024, MoSPI embarked on the scheme for Data Innovation (DI) Lab initiative as to infuse innovation, and build an ecosystem for research-driven solutions. The DI Lab is designed to serve as a platform to harness emerging technologies such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), and Big Data Analytics to enhance data collection, processing, and dissemination.

    As part of the Outreach Activities, the Lab has been engaging with premier academic institutions. More than 100 academic institutions have been approached. MoU with several reputed institutions including IITs and IIMs have been signed.

    A key objective of this partnership is to leverage academic expertise to tackle real-world challenges in official statistics by creating a link between academia and practitioners.. The statistical landscape is evolving, and new methodologies are needed to address issues like data integration, real-time analytics, and predictive modeling.

    In this collective endeavour and collaborative approach towards improving Official Statistics, the partnership was formalised through this Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between MoSPI and IIIT Delhi. Collaboration with IIIT Delhi is a crucial step in creating an ecosystem for innovation. With the signing of this MoU, MoSPI is reinforcing its commitment to fostering long-term collaboration between Government and Academia and infusing fresh ideas in the system. This is expected to lead to impactful innovations that will significantly enhance the functioning of MoSPI and strengthen the statistical ecosystem of the country.

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    Samrat/Dheeraj : @pibmospi[at]gmail[dot]com

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  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: Ministry of Rural Development announces major infrastructure boost for Maharashtra under Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN)

    Source: Government of India (2)

    Ministry of Rural Development announces major infrastructure boost for Maharashtra under Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM-JANMAN)

    Ministry of Rural Development sanctions 27 roads measuring 50.13 km of roads with an estimated investment of Rs. 50.35 crore

    PM-JANMAN projects set to boost growth and prosperity in Maharashtra

    Posted On: 30 JAN 2025 4:16PM by PIB Delhi

    In a significant move to strengthen rural connectivity and accelerate economic growth in the Maharashtra, the Ministry of Rural Development has sanctioned 27 roads measuring 50.13 km under Connectivity component of PM-JANMAN, with an estimated investment of Rs. 50.35 crore, to the State of Maharashtra.

    This landmark initiative will:

    – Provide all weather road connectivity to 27 PVTG habitations in the State.

    – Improve socio-economic condition of the Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs) living in the State.

    – Enhance connectivity in rural areas, bridging the gap between remote villages and urban centers.

    – Foster economic development, trade and commerce in the region

    – Improve access to essential services like healthcare, education and markets

    – Create employment opportunities and stimulate local economies

    The projects under PM-JANMAN will have a transformative impact on the region, contributing to the growth and prosperity of the Tribal Groups in Maharashtra and cementing the government’s commitment to inclusive development.

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    MG/KSR

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  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah chairs a review meeting on the implementation of new criminal laws in the presence of Gujarat Chief Minister Shri Bhupendra Patel in New Delhi

    Source: Government of India (2)

    Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Shri Amit Shah chairs a review meeting on the implementation of new criminal laws in the presence of Gujarat Chief Minister Shri Bhupendra Patel in New Delhi

    Gujarat government should ensure the implementation of the new criminal laws in all commissionerates by April 30, 2025, and across the entire state at the earliest

    Gujarat has done a commendable job by timely filing charge sheets in over 92 per cent of cases involving sentences of more than 10 years

    There should be a video conferencing cubicle for every court in the prisons

    Other states should also adopt Gujarat’s initiative of the Forensic Crime Manager

    Gujarat government has done a commendable job in converting Zero FIRs into 100 per cent regular FIRs

    Gujarat High Court has made a great initiative by issuing directives to all subordinate courts to implement e-processes

    Posted On: 30 JAN 2025 4:16PM by PIB Delhi

    The Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Shri Amit Shah chaired a review meeting on the implementation of the three new criminal laws in Gujarat in the presence of the Chief Minister of Gujarat, Shri Bhupendra Patel, in New Delhi today. The meeting reviewed the implementation and present status of various new provisions relating to police, jail, courts, prosecution and forensics in Gujarat. The meeting was attended by Gujarat’s Minister of State for Home, the Union Home Secretary, Gujarat’s Chief Secretary and Director General of Police, the Director General of the National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), and several senior officials from the Union Home Ministry and the State Government.

    During the discussion, the Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation Minister said that the essence of the three new criminal laws introduced by Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi lies in the provision of delivering justice within three years, from the filing of an FIR till the Supreme Court’s verdict in any case. Appreciating the work done so far by the Gujarat government in implementing the new criminal laws, Shri Shah said that the Gujarat government should ensure the implementation of the new criminal laws in all commissionerates by April 30, 2025, and across the entire state at the earliest. He said it should be reviewed monthly by the Chief Minister of Gujarat, fortnightly by the State Home Minister and weekly at the level of Chief Secretary, Additional Chief Secretary (Home) and Director General of Police.

    Shri Amit Shah stated that Gujarat has commendably achieved timely filing of charge sheets in over 92 per cent of cases involving sentences of more than 10 years. He emphasized that for the remaining cases, a review should be conducted to ensure the utilization of the provision in the Act that allows seeking permission from the court. The Home Minister said that Gujarat has done a commendable job in converting Zero FIRs into 100 per cent regular FIRs. He emphasized the need to establish a system where FIRs can be transferred between two states through the Crime and Criminal Tracking Network and Systems (CCTNS). He also suggested that Gujarat should adopt CCTNS 2.0.

    Regarding the provision of electronic evidence in the new laws, the Home Minister mentioned that the state’s Home and Health Departments should hold meetings to ensure that post-mortem and other medical reports from hospitals are received electronically. Shri Shah also emphasized the need to establish a system for recording evidence via video conferencing in prisons, government hospitals, banks, forensic science laboratories (FSL), and other premises. He said that there should be a video conferencing cubicle for every court in the prisons.

    The Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation said that the police should provide the details of people detained for questioning on the electronic dashboard, along with the seizure list and the cases to be forwarded to the courts. He also directed the state Director General of Police for continuous monitoring of these cases. Shri Shah asked to increase the network connectivity speed in police stations to 30 mbps over the prescribed standards.

    Shri Amit Shah said that the state government should issue circulars to ensure that provisions of organised crime, terrorism, mob lynching, are not misused. For this, strict provisions should be made for permission from the highest level. He highlighted that the Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita (BNSS) includes a provision for Trial in Absentia, which allows legal action against absconding criminals. He emphasized that Trial in Absentia should be initiated against fugitives who have been evading the country for a long time in cases related to national security.

    The Home Minister emphasized ensuring the availability of at least two forensic science mobile vans in every district. He also stated that efforts should be made to ensure that all 12 kits used in mobile forensic vans are manufactured in India. Shri Shah said that other states should also adopt Gujarat’s initiative of Forensic Crime Manager. He emphasized the need to clear pending forensic cases through a special campaign. Highlighting the importance of forensic experts, he urged for the prompt recruitment of vacant positions in the forensic department.

    The Union Home Minister stated that the Gujarat High Court has issued directives on January 22, 2025, for all subordinate courts to implement e-processes, which is a commendable initiative. He emphasized that other states should also make efforts in this direction. Shri Shah urged for the prompt recruitment of vacant positions in the Directorate of Prosecution. He also stressed that judicial officers should be included in training programs, and training sessions should be conducted in coordination with Judicial Academies.

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  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: The Two-Day National Conference with Labour Ministers and Secretaries of States & UTs in New Delhi, chaired by Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, Union Minister for Labour & Employment and Youth Affairs & Sports Concluded Today

    Source: Government of India (2)

    The Two-Day National Conference with Labour Ministers and Secretaries of States & UTs in New Delhi, chaired by Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, Union Minister for Labour & Employment and Youth Affairs & Sports Concluded Today

    Labour Welfare for Building & Construction Workers, along with Gig & Platform Workers, is a Top Priority for the Government of India, said Dr. Mandaviya

    Chintin Shivir Provides Collaborative Platform for Cross-Learning and Sharing Best Practices Demonstrated by States/UTs

    Three Committees Formed to Develop Sustainable Model for Comprehensive Social Security Coverage

    Posted On: 30 JAN 2025 3:53PM by PIB Delhi

    The two-day Workshop with Hon’ble Labour Ministers and Labour Secretaries of States & UTs, concluded today under the Chairmanship of Dr. Mansukh Mandaviya, Union Minister for Labour & Employment and Youth Affairs & Sports. Sushri Shobha Karandlaje, Hon’ble Minister of State for the Ministry of Labour and Employment, along with Hon’ble Labour Ministers from various States/UTs, Ms. Sumita Dawra, Secretary, Ministry of Labour & Employment, and senior officials from States/UTs, were present during the workshop. These meetings marked a successful culmination of the six regional workshops and several other consultations, held over the last year with all 36 States and UTs. Over ten subjects during the five sessions spread over two days, were extensively discussed and inputs gathered, with the objective to design targeted action items. Three Committees comprising five States each were formed. Building on the discussions during the workshop, these Committees will hold consultations and develop a sustainable model for comprehensive social security coverage for workers, to be presented in March 2025.

    Taking note of the deliberations and suggestions made during the two-day workshop, the Union Minister during his address laid out a comprehensive action plan for all stakeholders. He urged States to assess the feasibility of adopting best practices showcased by different States/UTs during the last two days. He emphasized that the Ministry is committed and would continue to work closely with State Governments to design various reforms and initiatives to ensure welfare of organized and unorganized workers. Holistic and sustainable welfare programmes providing pension, healthcare, life and accident insurance, etc. are being discussed.

    Social security for unorganized sector workers, such as the ones in Building and Construction work, in the gig & platform economy, and other sectors was extensively discussed. The Union Minister emphasized developing sustainable social security models for these workers. Further, the welfare of contract labour and the transformation of the role of the inspector to inspector-cum-facilitator were the other main agenda items for day two.  

    States showcased the progress made in utilizing BOCW cess funds in giving social security coverage, besides developing education and skill development institutions for children of Building and Construction Workers. Innovative ways of utilizing these resources for providing various social welfare initiatives like pension were widely deliberated.  

    Progress made in onboarding unorganized workers onto the eShram portal showcased the Government’s efforts towards strengthening the last-mile delivery of benefits to these workers. So far over 30 crore unorganized workers are registered on the eShram portal. The Ministry is also working on designing a dedicated Social Security and Welfare Scheme for Gig & Platform workers. Modalities of funding, data collection, and administration of the Scheme were discussed and States were urged to prioritize the sharing of data of unorganized workers, with a focus on gig & platform workers and support in their registration on eShram on mission mode. Integration of eShram and Government portals like NCS, and SIDH are contributing to promoting employment generation, employability, skill development, etc.

    Shift from inspector to inspector-cum-facilitator model was another major reform discussed with State/UT administrators. The overall objective of this reform is to reduce the compliance burden and promote ease of doing business, along with ensuring decent working conditions, equal opportunities at work and improved employee-employer relationships.

    Sushri Shobha Karandlaje, Hon’ble Minister of State for Ministry of Labour and Employment during her closing remarks, underscored the important contribution made by India’s workforce in achieving the goal of becoming a Viksit Bharat by 2047. Maximizing social security coverage and ensuring labour welfare of both organized and unorganized workers was the main goal of all the consultations held over last year and this two-day Chintin Shivir. She reiterated the whole-of-Government approach needed to take all the initiatives to a logical conclusion in a time-bound manner.

    Engaged in the spirit of cooperative federalism, the two-day meetings displayed the Government’s commitment towards promoting labour welfare and facilitating ease of doing business and promoting industrial growth across States/UTs. 

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    Himanshu Pathak

     

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  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: Prime Minister pays homage to Mahatma Gandhi at Rajghat

    Source: Government of India

    Posted On: 30 JAN 2025 2:48PM by PIB Delhi

    The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi today paid homage to Mahatma Gandhi on his death anniversary at Rajghat.

    The Prime Minister posted on X;

    “Paid homage to Pujya Bapu at Rajghat earlier today. We reiterate our commitment towards realising his vision for our nation.”

     

     

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  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: National Critical Minerals Mission aims to reduce import dependence, strengthen domestic value chains and support India’s ‘Net Zero by 2070’ goal: Prime Minister

    Source: Government of India (2)

    Posted On: 30 JAN 2025 1:12PM by PIB Delhi

    The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi said that National Critical Minerals Mission aims to reduce import dependence, strengthen domestic value chains and support India’s ‘Net Zero by 2070’ goal.

    Responding to an article written by Union Minister G Kishan Reddy on National Critical Mineral Mission (NCMM), Shri Modi wrote;

    “Union Minister Shri @kishanreddybjp elaborates on how the National Critical Minerals Mission aims to reduce import dependence, strengthen domestic value chains and support India’s ‘Net Zero by 2070’ goal.”

     

     

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  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: Non-conventional approach to measure the radial dimension of CMEs can help predict adverse effects on Earth

    Source: Government of India

    Posted On: 30 JAN 2025 3:44PM by PIB Delhi

    A novel method has been found to determine the instantaneous expansion speed and radial size of Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs) from the Sun when it passes over a spacecraft at a single-point in the interplanetary medium.

    The radial dimension of CMEs governs the longevity of the CMEs and their associated geomagnetic storms on the Earth and hence it is important to determine it, to predict the influence of the CMEs on the Earth’s communication system.

    CMEs are magnetized plasma bubbles ejected from the Sun and evolve in the interplanetary medium. They are the major drivers of perturbations in the Earth’s magnetic field, known as geomagnetic storms. Such storms can cause severe impacts on ground and space-based technological systems, such as communication disruptions, deorbiting satellites, and power grid failures.

    The duration over which the Earth experiences such a magnetic perturbation is influenced by the radial dimension of a CME, along with other parameters, during its passage over the Earth. The changes in the radial dimension of CME depend on its expansion in the interplanetary medium, which has yet to be adequately understood. CMEs expand during their journey due to the pressure difference between CME and ambient solar wind. Limited efforts have been made to investigate the evolution of radial sizes of CMEs so far.  

    The measurements of expansion speeds of CMEs have been done mostly utilizing single-point in situ measurements, which are known to be insufficient to estimate the instantaneous expansion speed of CMEs. 

    In order to overcome this challenge, Astronomers at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics, an autonomous institute of the Department of Science and Technology (DST), devised a novel method to estimate a CME’s instantaneous expansion speed even using a single-point in situ spacecraft and will be helpful for sub-L1 monitors.

    They found a method to first infer the accelerations of CME substructures (leading edge, center, and trailing edge) even from single-point in situ observations that are used to estimate their propagation speeds at an instant. This can be used for estimating the instantaneous expansion speed. 

    “Our non-conventional approach utilizes the propagation speed of any two CME substructures at the same instance to determine the instantaneous expansion speed,” said Wageesh Mishra, a faculty at IIA and a co-author of the study.

    This approach also computes the radial size and the distance traveled by the CME substructures at various instances as well.

    “This study has implications for understanding the longevity of perturbations on the Earth’s magnetosphere caused by CMEs,” said Anjali Agarwal, a Ph.D. student at IIA and the first author of the paper published on this work.

    The novel method is demonstrated in a case study of a CME that erupted from the Sun on 2010 April 3, using remote and in situ observations from the NASA and ESA SOHO (SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory), STEREO (Solar TErrestrial RElation Observatory), and Wind spacecraft. The researchers noted that the accurate estimation of CME’s expansion speed is essential for predicting its arrival time at Earth, especially its substructures such as center and TE, which are crucial for space weather.

    “The instantaneous expansion speed of a CME derived from our proposed non-conventional approach using a single-point in situ spacecraft provides a substantial outcome — CME substructures evolve differently in the ambient medium, possibly because of different forces acting on them,” said Wageesh Mishra IIA.

    Unlike earlier studies, the authors suggest, a CME, during its journey, experiences a change in the aspect ratio — a measure of the radial dimension of CME with respect to its increasing distance from the Sun. They found that the aspect ratio of CME first increases and then remains constant up to a certain height, followed by a systematic decrease in the IP medium.

    Wageesh Mishra said, “We are looking forward to utilizing single-point in situ observations from the Aditya Solar wind Particle EXperiment (ASPEX) onboard the Aditya-L1 spacecraft, India’s first space-based solar observatory, with implementing our non-conventional approach, to understand CMEs expansion.”

     

    Figure caption: The left panel shows the CME observed in STEREO/HI-1 (top) and the evolution of its kinematics and the dimension (bottom). The right panel shows the in situ measured speed of CME substructures across their identified thickness (top) and the evolution of its size and expansion speed corresponding to different aspect ratios, compared with that measured from in situ observations near the Earth (bottom).

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  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: Prime Minister pays tributes to Mahatma Gandhi on his death anniversary

    Source: Government of India (2)

    Posted On: 30 JAN 2025 9:06AM by PIB Delhi

    The Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi today paid tribute to Mahatma Gandhi on his death anniversary. Shri Modi also paid tributes to all those martyred for our nation and recalled their service as well as sacrifices.

    The Prime Minister posted on X;

    “Tributes to Pujya Bapu on his Punya Tithi. His ideals motivate us to build a developed India. I also pay tributes to all those martyred for our nation and recall their service as well as sacrifices.” 

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