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Category: Justice

  • MIL-OSI USA: Keynote Remarks of Commissioner Johnson for Governing Data at IIB&L Center and Yale Law Journal of Law & Technology at Yale Law School

    Source: US Commodity Futures Trading Commission

    Remarks as Prepared
    Introduction
    Good afternoon. Springtime is always a nice time of year to be in New Haven and it is generous of the Yale Law School to host this symposium. Thank you Milhailis [Diamantis], Rishab [Nithyanand], the Iowa Innovation Business & Law Center, and the Yale Journal of Law & Technology for the significant time and effort you expended to organize and execute this symposium. 
    As I have indicated throughout my time as a Commissioner, I am delighted to join you in carefully thinking about the increasing salience of better data governance.[1] I am hopeful that the discussions at this symposium will articulate and enhance guardrails for comprehensive privacy law and better data governance. I am also hopeful that our discussions and advocacy will influence federal and state legislatures and financial market regulators, among others, to adopt, implement, and enforce law, regulation, and policy that lead to better data governance. 
    In my time with you, I would like to highlight two issues that may deeply impact the shape and development of data governance in financial markets – emerging artificial intelligence (AI) technologies and critical third-party service providers.[2] We can describe these two issues as twin peaks – arising rapidly and substantially altering the structure of financial markets.
    The twin peaks at the center of our markets reflect a shift to data-centered markets influenced by the rise of increasingly sophisticated machine learning and generative AI technologies and a remarkable uptick in market participants’ reliance on critical third-party service providers. The peaks are similar but not identical. Yet, each has the potential to deeply impact market structure and how we supervise financial markets. 
    First, the integration of data-fueled artificial intelligence (AI) technologies is indisputably altering financial markets infrastructure. As AI takes center stage in many sectors of our economy and society, financial services firms report interests, investments, and incorporation of AI technologies in data analytics, trade data analysis, trade clearing, reconciliation, and settlement, risk management, surveillance, margin and collateral determinations, and administrative, compliance and back-office services.   
    Second, developing and updating data-fueled technologies can be expensive. Firms often lack the resources to independently develop certain technologies. The cost of acquiring or developing AI or data-centered technologies may be prohibitive for many businesses. As a result, many financial services firms and others must outsource or seek to license data-centered technologies or models. For smaller and medium sized firms, reliance on third-party service providers is often imperative.
    As we begin to consider these twin peaks impacting the operational infrastructure and supervision of our markets, it is worth examining the benefits of novel technologies, whether these changes in market infrastructure may lead to new risks or distinct risks, and the extent to which existing risk management practices and regulations are fit for purpose. 
    I. Evolving Market Infrastructure 
    A recent study of nearly two thousand financial services firms reports that more than three-quarters of the firms included rely on AI to assist with various aspects of financial reporting and other compliance obligations.[3] Another study shows a significant amount of investment capital moving forward will be dedicated to implementing and integrating AI-based technologies.[4] Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) regulated market participants have long relied on predictive technologies – a category of technologies that comprise part of the universe of technologies that may be described as AI.[5] In recent years, a number of CFTC-regulated market participants have entered into strategic partnerships with major technology providers.[6] Today, market participants use AI for diverse trade execution, operational, and administrative functions including market intelligence, monitoring, fraud detection, and cybersecurity risk management.[7]
    The CFTC supervises areas of financial markets where market participants create, distribute, trade, and transfer financial market products. For financial market regulators, governing data proves challenging, in part, because market participants may rely on intermediaries that are not registered with financial market regulators. Regulators may lack visibility or supervisory authority over these intermediaries. As the market for novel assets such as digital assets grow, this challenge continues to present similar concerns.
    As noted at the outset, adoption of critical third-party service providers parallels the rapid adoption of AI. According to recent studies, in 2021 cloud services accounted for less than 10% of critical business initiatives. By 2027, it is expected that cloud services will account for 50% of critical business initiatives.[8] To that end, and to bolster capabilities to utilize AI, cloud services have seen massive investments to infrastructure, with $79 billion spent in the second quarter of 2024 alone.[9]
    A. The Rise of AI
    While the use cases within and beyond finance are quite diverse, common threads bind the “algorithmic revolution” and increased reliance on critical third-party service providers. Artificial intelligence technologies can automate decision-making tasks and certain subsets of artificial intelligence may execute these tasks autonomously. 
    For decades, market participants, researchers, academics, and public interest advocates have assessed the impacts of algorithmic trading in conventional financial markets. Some suggest that artificial intelligence introduces existential questions for markets;[10] others underscore the ethical, civil, or human rights implications of adopting artificial intelligence.[11] As debates proliferate regarding the merits and limitations of automated decision-making technologies, a steady drumbeat declares the future of finance.[12] 
    Notwithstanding the utility and benefits that accompany AI, there are risks and notable limitations. A robust literature has developed cataloguing and analyzing the ethical implications that may arise.[13] In addition, bad actors have discovered AI and the potential to use AI to manipulate markets.[14]
    Voices at international convenings of market participants and regulators increasingly reflect a call for an open dialogue regarding benefits and thorny issues that arise as we increasingly rely on AI and third-party service providers. Before turning to proposed interventions, let’s explore the second phenomenon changing market infrastructure – the increasing importance of technology-based critical-third party service providers. 
    B. Critical Third-Party Service Providers 
    Commission-regulated market participants often use third-party vendors to support their operations, risk management, compliance, and technology infrastructure. In an era of data-fueled technologies, cloud-based storage platforms and data centers serve as an increasingly important group of critical third-party service providers. The services of cloud-based platforms, data centers, and other third-party service providers vary; and, in some instances, the services are not critical to the continuity of the market participant’s business. In other instances, third-party services providers offer services which are essential to market participants’ day-to-day operations. 
    A glance around the “trading floor” of any financial services firm these days reveals significant reliance on technology. Many firms rely on innovative technologies for the continuous and adequate functioning of their operations.[15] As data-driven technologies proliferate, markets have witnessed a growing trend for participants to rely on cloud-based technologies. In fact, several of our largest market participants have entered strategic partnerships with cloud providers to enable them to handle exceptional volumes of data and enhance their scalability.[16] Cloud based architecture also offers on-demand computing power for risk analytics and trade processing, allowing firms to handle massive amounts of transactions and data in times of high volume, and scale down during slower periods. In many ways, cloud services and AI fit hand-in-glove because of the cloud-based computing power required to execute certain AI technologies.[17] 
    Congress, regulators, market participants, and many stakeholders have identified risks related to how our markets operate – robust information security management, reliability and resilience, effective contingency planning, and communication risks.[18] 
    Our regulations reflect expectations regarding how registered market participants will comply with this framework. In my role as a Commissioner and sponsor for the Market Risks Advisory Committee, I have led a diverse group of stakeholders in detailing the benefits and concerns that arise as these twin peaks increasingly influence our markets. Here, let’s consider two specific risks that have emerged as we navigate this rise of data-fueled, innovative technologies – concentration and cyber risks – which will be central questions for regulators in the era of data governance. 
    II. Managing Data Governance and Data Security Risks 
    A few large firms comprise the most prevalent AI and cloud-based technology services providers.[19] The limited diversity of service providers and lack of competition may raise market concentration concerns.[20]
    A. Concentration Risks
    Evidence indicates that there are a limited number of both AI and critical service providers for financial market participants. A recent survey of the AI industry suggests that ten foundational model providers account for almost ninety percent of the market.[21]
    The top three cloud providers, Amazon, Microsoft, and Google, respectively, account for 73% percent of the cloud infrastructure market.[22] Given that software as a service is the most widely adopted form of cloud computing by financial institutions, the United States Department of the Treasury has indicated that the concentration among critical service providers may be cause for concern.[23]
    Microsoft and AWS are two of the largest data center providers and among the largest cloud providers; together these firms manage over five hundred and fifteen data centers. Google manages twenty-five data centers.[24] Simply stated, the number of service providers capable of handling the needs of many market participants may be limited. 
    Studies also report a decline in the number of Futures Commission Merchants (FCMs).[25] In 2023, the MRAC launched a workstream to analyze the current state and trends of the FCM market over the twenty-year period from 2003 to 2023.[26] The report notes increased operating costs and the capital requirements for FCMS and increased minimum net capital requirements. Markets have also witnessed consolidation in FCM markets. 
    In contrast to the decline in the total number of FCMs, clearing volume during this same period has dramatically increased.[27] The total number of non-carrying FCMs declined by 91% and the number of carrying FCMs fell by 58%.[28] This represents a significant reduction in the capacity of FCMs over the course of a relatively short period of time. 
    This reduction means that there is far fewer FCMs available to provide the critical functions they traditionally perform.
    B. Cyber Risks 
    Our registered market participants must comply with the regulatory framework for system safeguards. In many instances, technology service providers also have robust cyber defense capabilities designed to anticipate, prevent, or lessen the effect of sophisticated cyber-attacks.  
    In recent years, however, there has been notable disruption in traditional markets and the markets for novel financial products. Two recent events underscore the vulnerability of markets and market infrastructure to cyber threats. These incidents – the ION ransomware attack and the Bybit exchange hack – illustrate the difficulties many firms face when a third-party service provider or a technology employed through a third-party service provider experiences a cyberattack. 
    In January of 2023, a critical third-party service provider in derivatives markets, ION Cleared Derivatives (ION), a UK-based trading software partner, experienced a significant cyberattack. ION’s services are widely used by FCMs and other market participants for critical functions, including trade order management, trade processing, and settlement of exchange-traded derivatives. Because a significant number of FCMs rely on ION for back-office trading capabilities, the disruption caused by the ransomware attack on ION cascaded through our derivatives markets. During the period that ION’s operations were impacted by the ransomware attack, affected firms reverted to manual processes to match and settle trades, creating difficulties in recording and reporting trade reconciliation data.[29] Consequently, the Commission was unable to deliver timely Commitments to Traders reports and determining material transactional obligations such as margin and collateral were similarly impacted. 
    In a more recent cyberattack in crypto-asset markets, a crypto exchange experienced significant losses related to reliance on a third-party software platform that enables wallet services. In February of 2023, Bybit, a crypto exchange that offers crypto derivatives and other financial products lost over $1.4 billion when the firm suffered a breach of its multi-signature wallets.[30] Hackers infiltrated a developer workstation at a third-party that enables customers to access wallet software that interfaces with Bybit’s exchange. The hackers obtained credentials for the third party’s Amazon Web Services (AWS) repository.[31] Using stolen AWS tokens, the attackers introduced malicious code into the third party’s software, enabling the hackers to alter Bybit’s wallet interface and reroute a scheduled transfer of funds without immediate detection. 
    These losses were introduced to market participants through their link to critical third-party service providers and, in the case of Bybit, indirectly with a third party that was using another vendor for the compromised process. These losses can cascade through the markets when that breach occurs in a critical third-party service provider who is linked to a significant number of market participants.
    III. Reflections on Proposed and Potential Interventions 
    The Commodity Exchange Act and implementing regulations and related guidance provide a principles-based approach to regulating governance, risk management, and cybersecurity measures for CFTC-regulated entities. At the CFTC, we are increasingly focused on how to ensure markets benefit from responsible innovation and mitigate the threats to risk management that may lead to market disruption. 
    A. Existing DCO System Safeguard Regulation
    Derivatives clearing organizations (DCOs), are subject to core principles established under the CEA, including Section 5b, which establishes that DCOs shall (i) establish and maintain a program of risk analysis and oversight to identify and minimize sources of operational risk through the development of appropriate controls and procedures, and automated systems, that are reliable, secure, and have adequate scalable capacity; and (ii) establish and maintain emergency procedures, backup facilities, and a plan for disaster recovery (and establishes certain criteria for such plans and procedures, including timely recovery and resumption of operations, fulfillment of the DCO’s obligations, and periodic testing).[32] The DCO Core Principles were added to the CEA in the Commodity Futures Modernization Act of 2000. After the financial crisis of 2008, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act expanded the CFTC’s authority to “establish a more comprehensive statutory framework to reduce risk, increase transparency and promote market integrity,” including by enhancing the Commission’s rulemaking authority with respect to registered entities, including DCOs.[33]
    Additional requirements for compliance with DCO Core Principle I, System Safeguards, are enumerated in more detail in Rule 39.18, following Dodd-Frank. When the rule was first proposed, and ultimately codified in 2011, it sought to “delineate the minimum requirements that a DCO would be required to satisfy in order to comply with Core Principle I.”[34] With time, as technology continued to evolve, and the world became more reliant on it, the regulation has evolved to include more specific requirements. For example, in 2016, the Commission amended Rule 39.18, clarifying certain requirements and enhancing others, motivated in large part by escalating and evolving cybersecurity threats. The December 2015 proposing release discussed roundtables held by the Commission and the MRAC that focused on cybersecurity, and a number of important topics surrounding cybersecurity that financial institutions should take into consideration. These include: (i) more cyber adversaries, that are more dangerous, and have expanding and worsening motivations and goals, (ii) increasing cyber capabilities from both non-state actors and state-sponsored intruders, (iii) more sophisticated and longer duration cyberattacks, (iv) a broadening cyber threat field where computers, mobile devices and the cloud are all potential points of vulnerability and, finally, (v) the interconnectedness of financial services firms and the threat that poses.[35] 
    As currently in effect, Rule 39.18 includes “(1) the requisite elements, standards, and resources of a DCO’s program of risk analysis and oversight with respect to its operations and automated systems; (2) the requirements for a DCO’s business continuity and disaster recovery plan, emergency procedures, and physical, technological, and personnel resources described therein; (3) the responsibilities, obligations, and recovery time objective of a DCO following a disruption of its operations; and (4) other system safeguards requirements related to reporting, recordkeeping, testing, and coordination with a DCO’s clearing members and service providers.”[36] With respect to third-party service providers, subsection (d)(2) specifies that a DCO can maintain some of the resources required by other subsections of the rule “through written contractual arrangements with another [DCO] or other service provider,”[37] but notes that “[a] [DCO] that enters into a contractual outsourcing arrangement shall retain complete responsibility for any failure to meet [the rules requirements]” and that the DCO “must employ personnel with the expertise necessary to enable it to supervise the service provider’s delivery of the services.”[38] 
    B. Opening a Dialogue to Explore Emerging Risks 
    In light of the ION attack, as well as the increasing risk of cyber threat events, the Market Risk Advisory Committee (MRAC) has spent significant attention to examining third-party service provider relationships and best practices for managing risks to central counterparties (CCPs). In January of 2023, the MRAC hosted a forum on cyber risks in our markets and focused on the ransomware attack that disrupted ION’s operations. 
    Later in 2023, MRAC launched a workstream focused on managing risks that arise from reliance on critical third-party service providers.[39] The workstream led by the CCP Risk and Governance Subcommittee examined the need to consider updating the operational resilience frameworks for CCPs in light of the concentration and cyber risks, among other concerns, that arise as registrants increasingly rely on critical third-party service providers. 
    On November 25, 2024, the MRAC published  a report from the CCP Risk and Governance Subcommittee which set forth recommendations on DCO System Safeguard Standards for Third Party Service Providers (Report).[40] The Report addresses recommendations to Rule 39.18, acknowledging that, while the System Safeguards do explicitly say that a DCO retains responsibility regardless of any contractual outsourcing of regulatory requirements and requires a DCO to provide certain information to the Commission with respect to those outsourced resources.[41] The Report recommends that any proposed regulation build upon and incorporate the principles and language set forth in the System Safeguards Rule with respect to DCOs and further that DCOs be required to establish and maintain a robust Third-Party Relationship Management Program that identifies, assesses, mitigates and monitors the full scope of risks that are associated with the use of third part arrangements.[42]
    The examples of the MRAC’s efforts illustrate the need for a continuing dialogue regarding the concentration and cyber risks that may accompany increased adoption of sophisticated technologies or reliance on third party service providers for technologies that operate at the center of our markets. Moreover, DCOs are only one the diverse types of registrants in our markets navigating these questions. 
    Other registrants, such as designated contract markets and boards of trade, swap execution facilities, and swap data repositories are subject to similar CFTC regulatory system safeguards.[43] Some registrants such as FCMs, commodity trading advisors, commodity pool operators, and introducing brokers who are members of the National Futures Association (NFA) may also be subject to NFA guidance on information systems security programs and third-party service providers.[44] However, similar to DCOs, it is important to consider instances in which reliance on critical third party service providers may introduce risk management concerns.  
    The growing concentration of critical third-party service providers present risk implications that may lead to disruption of our markets. While the Commission has broad authority to promulgate regulations consistent with our statutory authority, many technology firms may not be CFTC registrants subject to direct oversight and, absent conduct in violation of Commission regulation, the Commission may have limited oversight authority with respect to these technology firms. 
    Conclusion
    The issues outlined reflect neither an exhaustive nor a definitive list of the challenges of governing data and providing effective oversight for data integrity, security, and governance. There are many lessons that markets and regulators are yet to learn about the integration of novel technologies such as AI and our evolving market infrastructure.
    The illustration of each of these phenomenon – the rise of data-fueled AI and the increasing role of a concentrated group of critical third-party service providers – merits careful consideration. 
    I am ever working to enhance the stability and integrity of and strengthen the resilience of our domestic markets. As a Commissioner and throughout my career, I have long emphasized corporate governance, compliance, and risk management as central pillars in market oversight.
    Thank you so very much for allowing me to join you this afternoon. I have learned so much from each of the papers presented and the proposals. I am hopeful that other important decision-makers are tracking the issues you outline and solutions that you propose. 

    [2] The thoughts and perspectives that I share with you today are my own; they are not the views and perspectives of my fellow Commissioners, the Commission, or the staff of the CFTC.

    [10] Rory Van Loo, Digital Market Perfection, 117 Mich. L. Rev. 815 (2019); Chris Brummer & Yesha Yadav, Fintech and the Innovation Trilemma, 107 Geo. L. J. 235, 275 (2019); Rory Van Loo, Technology Regulation by Default: Platforms, Privacy, and the CFPB, 2 Geo. L. Tech. Rev. 531, 544-45 (2018). 

    [11] Harry Surden, Ethics of AI in Law: Basic Questions, 719 The Oxford Handbook of Ethics of AI (July 9, 2020) (exploring ethical issues arising from the adoption of artificial intelligence).

    [12] See, e.g., Exec. Order No.13,859, 84 Fed. Reg. 3,967 (Feb. 11, 2019), see also Christopher K. Odinet, AI Risks, Research Handbook on Artificial Intelligence & The Law, Cambridge University Press (forthcoming 2025). 

    [13] See, e.g., Kimberly A. Houser & Anjanette H. Raymond, It Is Time to Move Beyond the ‘AI Race’ Narrative: Why Investment and International Cooperation Must Win The Day, 18 Nw. J. Tech. & Intel. Prop. 129, 185 (2021); Dr. Axel Walz & Kay Firth-Butterfield, Implementing Ethics Into Artificial Intelligence: A Contribution, From A Legal Perspective, To The Development Of An Ai Governance Regime, 18 Duke L. & Tech. Rev. 176, 198; Ross P. Buckley et al., Regulating Artificial Intelligence in Finance: Putting the viHuman in the Loop, 43 Sydney L. Rev. 43, 45 (2021).

    [14] Deborah W. Denno & Ryan Surujnath, Rise of the Machines: Artificial Intelligence, Robotics, and the Reprogramming of Law: Foreword, 88 Fordham L. Rev. 381, 383 (2019); Ross P. Buckley et al., Regulating Artificial Intelligence in Finance: Putting the Human in the Loop, 43 Sydney L. Rev. 43, 47 (2021).

    [15] Bank for Int’l Settlements & Bd. of the Int’l Org. of Sec. Comm’n, Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures: Assessment Methodology for the Oversight Expectations Applicable to Critical Service Providers (Dec. 2014), https://www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/d123.pdf.

    [25] FCMs serve as intermediaries that facilitate the clearing and execution of trades in swaps and futures products.

    [27] Holdings of customer funds increased by more than 700% and the overall adjusted net capital rose by 296%. Id.

    [28] Non-carrying FCMs are FCMs which do not hold customer funds. Id.

    [32] 7 U.S.C. § 7a-1(c)(2)(I).

    [33] Derivatives Clearing Organization General Provisions and Core Principles, 76 Fed. Reg. 69334 (Nov. 8, 2011).

    [34] 76 Fed. Reg. at 69397.

    [35] System Safeguards Testing Requirements for Derivatives Clearing Organizations, 80 Fed. Reg. 80114, 80115 (Dec. 23, 2015).

    [36] System Safeguards Testing Requirements for Derivatives Clearing Organizations, 81 Fed. Reg. 64322 (Sept. 19, 2016).

    [37] 17 C.F.R. § 39.18(d)(1).

    [38] 17 C.F.R. § 39.18(d)(2).

    [41] Form DCO, Appendix A to 17 C.F.R. pt. 39.

    [42] The Report contains 8 principles in which the CCP Risk and Governance Subcommittee recommends a DCO should consider, at minimum, when developing a TPRM. The Report also recommends that the Commission consider requiring DCOs to obtain assurances from their critical service providers that they comply with the expectations set forth in Annex F of the Principles for Financial Market Infrastructure (PFMIs), which sets forth oversight expectations applicable to critical service providers. See Bank for Int’l Settlements & Bd. of the Int’l Org. of Sec. Comm’n, Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures: Assessment Methodology for the Oversight Expectations Applicable to Critical Service Providers (Dec. 2014), https://www.bis.org/cpmi/publ/d123.pdf.

    [43] See 7 U.S.C. § 7(d)(20), 17 C.F.R. § 38.1050-1051 (designated contract markets and boards of trade), 7 U.S.C. § 7b-3(f)(14), 17 C.F.R. § 37.1400-1401 (swap execution facilities), and 7 U.S.C. § 24a(c)(8), 17 C.F.R. § 49.24) (swap data repositories).

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Secretary Hoskins Honors National Crime Victims’ Rights Week with Capitol Ceremony and Highlights Safe at Home Program

    Source: US State of Missouri

     

     

    FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

     

    April 3, 2025

     

    Secretary Hoskins Honors National Crime Victims’ Rights Week with Capitol Ceremony and Highlights Safe at Home Program

     

    JEFFERSON CITY, Mo. — Missouri Secretary of State Denny Hoskins is proud to recognize National Crime Victims’ Rights Week, April 6–12, 2025, and reaffirm Missouri’s commitment to supporting and empowering victims of crime. 

     

    As part of this observance, the Secretary of State’s Office will be present for the annual Crime Victim Rights Ceremony (CVRW) on Tuesday, April 8, at noon in the Missouri State Capitol Rotunda.

     

    This event will bring together survivors, advocates, and public officials to honor the strength and resilience of victims, raise awareness about victims’ rights, and recognize the critical work of service providers across the state. The ceremony is open to the public, and all Missourians are encouraged to attend in support of crime victims and their families.

     

    “National Crime Victims’ Rights Week reminds us that every survivor deserves to be heard, protected, and supported,” said Secretary Hoskins. “We are proud to honor their courage and to continue offering life-changing services through programs like Safe at Home.”

     

    Safe at Home, Missouri’s address confidentiality program administered by the Secretary of State’s Office, offers survivors of domestic violence, sexual assault, stalking, human trafficking, and other crimes a secure substitute mailing address. This free program helps protect the locations of survivors and their families, giving them the freedom to rebuild their lives with greater peace of mind.

     

    Since its launch in 2007, Safe at Home has served over 10,000 Missourians seeking a path to safety and independence.

     

    For more information about Safe at Home or to apply for the program, visit www.sos.mo.gov/safeathome or call (866) 509-1409.

     

    About Secretary of State Denny Hoskins

    Denny Hoskins, CPA, was elected Missouri’s 41st Secretary of State in November 2024. With a strong background in business and public service, he is committed to improving government efficiency, transparency, and supporting Missouri families.

     

    For more information, please contact: Rachael Dunn, Director of Communications, via email at [email protected].

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI Security: Arrest of Kenneth DiGiorgio

    Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation FBI Crime News (b)

    SAN JUAN, PR—Acting Special Agent in Charge Devin J. Kowalski, of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), San Juan Field Office, announced today the arrest of Kenneth DeGiorgio (DeGiorgio).

    DeGiorgio was charged under a Federal Criminal Complaint with violations of Title 18, United States Code, Sections 113(a)(4) (Assault within Maritime and Territorial Jurisdiction of the United States) for events which took place aboard a cruise ship en route to San Juan, Puerto Rico on or about March 31, 2025. Cruise ship authorities alerted the FBI of the incident.

    “Violent crimes committed aboard cruise ships fall under federal jurisdiction and we take them very seriously,” said Kowalski. “If you break the law at sea, expect to face consequences on land.”

    This case is being investigated by the FBI San Juan Field Office and is being prosecuted by the United States Attorney’s Office for the District of Puerto Rico.

    Tips and information assist the FBI and its federal, state, and local law enforcement partners. The FBI reminds the public that anyone with information on this case should contact the FBI San Juan Field Office by calling 787-987-6500 or submit tips through the FBI’s Internet complaint portal at Tips.FBI.Gov. Tipsters may remain anonymous.

    The public is reminded that a complaint contains only charges and is not evidence of guilt. Defendants are presumed to be innocent until and unless proven guilty by a court of law. The U.S. government has the burden of proving guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Security: Bridgeport Man Charged with Child Exploitation Offenses

    Source: Office of United States Attorneys

    Marc H. Silverman, Acting United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut, and Anish Shukla, Acting Special Agent in Charge of the New Haven Division of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, today announced that ONAI KEDAR WILBUR WRIGHT, 25, of Bridgeport, has been charged by federal criminal complaint with child exploitation offenses.

    Wright appeared yesterday before U.S. Magistrate Judge Thomas O. Farrish in Hartford.  He has been detained since his arrest on related state charges on March 14, 2025.

    As alleged in court documents and statements made in court, on March 14, 2025, an Online Covert Employee (OCE) with the FBI’s Child Exploitation and Human Trafficking Task Force in Cleveland, Ohio, monitored a live video stream on the internet application “Fambase” and observed Wright engaging in sexually explicit activity with a 16-year-old female (“minor victim”).  Analysis of mobile communications and geo-location data, and information from AirBnB, led investigators to a residence located in Norwich, Connecticut, where they took Wright into custody.  The minor victim and two adult females were also present in the residence.

    The complaint charges Wright with sexual exploitation of children, an offense that carries a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 15 years and a maximum term of 30 years of imprisonment, and transportation of a minor with intent to engage in criminal sexual activity, which carries a mandatory minimum term of imprisonment of 10 years and a maximum term of imprisonment of life.

    Acting U.S. Attorney Silverman stressed that a complaint is only a charge and is not evidence of guilt.  Charges are only allegations, and a defendant is presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.

    This investigation is being conducted by the FBI in New Haven and Cleveland, with the assistance of the Norwich Police Department, the New London State’s Attorney’s Office, the Vermilion (Ohio) Police Department, and the Norwalk (Ohio) Police Department.  The case is being prosecuted by Assistant U.S. Attorney Nancy V. Gifford.

    Acting U.S Attorney also acknowledged the assistance of the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Northern District of Ohio.

    This prosecution is part of the U.S. Department of Justice’s Project Safe Childhood Initiative, which is aimed at protecting children from sexual abuse and exploitation.  For more information about Project Safe Childhood, please visit www.justice.gov/psc.

    To report cases of child exploitation, please visit www.cybertipline.com.

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Security: Michigan Man Pleads Guilty To Attempting To Entice A Child Into Sexual Activity

    Source: Office of United States Attorneys

    Jacksonville, Florida – United States Attorney Gregory W. Kehoe announces that William Isaak Sparks (24, Kalamazoo, Michigan) has pleaded guilty to attempted online enticement of an 11-year-old child to engage in sex acts. Sparks faces a minimum penalty of 10 years, up to life, in federal prison. Following any imposed prison sentence, he will be required to serve at least 5 years’ supervised release and register as a sex offender. A sentencing date has not yet been set. Sparks has also agreed to forfeit a cellphone that was used to facilitate the offense.

    According to court documents, an FBI special agent was conducting an online undercover investigation designed to identify and target adults who were seeking sexual activity with children. The undercover agent, posing as the parent of an 11-year-old girl, made contact with Sparks in a chat group on a social media app. Sparks offered to travel from Michigan to Florida for the purpose of sexually exploiting the “child.” Sparks provided his cellphone number to the undercover agent, distributed to the undercover agent two videos of children being sexually abused, and offered to send an explicit video of himself. Via text message, Sparks continued to make arrangements to travel to Florida.

    The undercover agent again encountered Sparks in a chat room on May 21, 2024. During that conversation, Sparks again offered to travel to Florida to sexually abuse the 11-year-old “child.” Sparks provided his true name to the undercover agent so that the agent could book a bus ticket from Michigan to Florida for Sparks. The agent later learned that on May 24, 2024, Sparks had been arrested by the Michigan State Police after information was provided by a private citizen that Sparks was attempting to engage in sex acts with a purported 11-year-old child in Michigan. Sparks was arrested after he showed up with a condom and $45 in cash expecting to sexually abuse the purported 11-year-old child in Michigan.

    While he was detained pending trial in this case, Sparks was found to be possessing in his jail cell drawings depicting children being sexually abused.

    This case was investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the Michigan State Police, and the Township of Kalamazoo Police Department. It is being prosecuted by Assistant United States Attorney Laura Cofer Taylor.

    This case was brought as part of Project Safe Childhood, a nationwide initiative launched in May 2006 by the Department of Justice to combat the growing epidemic of child sexual exploitation and abuse. Led by United States Attorneys’ Offices and the Criminal Division’s Child Exploitation and Obscenity Section (CEOS), Project Safe Childhood marshals federal, state, and local resources to locate, apprehend, and prosecute individuals who sexually exploit children, and to identify and rescue victims. For more information about Project Safe Childhood, please visit www.justice.gov/psc. 

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Security: Indictment Returned for February 2024 Shooting of Metropolitan Police Department Officers

    Source: Office of United States Attorneys

    Defendant Accused of Daylight Shooting of Police Officers Executing Arrest Warrant for Animal Cruelty Offense

                WASHINGTON – Stephen Rattigan, also known as Julius James, 49, of Washington, D.C., was indicted April 2, 2025, on assault with intent to kill while armed and other charges stemming from the February 14, 2024, shooting of Metropolitan Police Department Officers, announced U.S. Attorney Edward R. Martin, Jr. and Chief Pamela Smith, of the Metropolitan Police Department (“MPD”). 

               Rattigan was indicted by a grand jury in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia of six counts of assault with intent to kill while armed, six counts of assault on a police officer while armed, three counts of assault with significant bodily injury while armed, fifteen counts of possession of a firearm during a crime of violence, one count of endangerment with a firearm, five counts of unlawful possession of a firearm, four counts of possession of a large capacity ammunition feeding device, and one count of cruelty to animals. 

               Rattigan is scheduled to be arraigned on April 4, 2025, at a hearing before the Honorable Michael Ryan.  Rattigan faces a mandatory minimum of five years of incarceration for each count of assault with intent to kill while armed, each count of assault on a police officer while armed, and each count of assault with significant bodily injury while armed. Rattigan faces a mandatory minimum of one year for each firearm in his possession.  

               According to the government’s evidence, at about 7:30 a.m., on February 14, 2024, members of MPD went to 5032 Hanna Place SE in Washington, D.C. to arrest Rattigan, then known as Julius James. MPD officers, in full uniform, repeatedly announced that they were with MPD and that they were at the residence to arrest Rattigan. After several minutes of no response, MPD officers observed Rattigan inside the house, and he began speaking to the officers. Despite attempting to have Rattigan open the door, MPD officers were forced to use tools to force open the front door. While six members of MPD were outside the front door, Rattigan fired several shots through the front door, striking three of the officers. An hours-long standoff then ensued, with Rattigan communicating with MPD negotiators for several hours. At one point during the standoff, Rattigan, upset that he wasn’t getting cigarettes quickly enough, fired three additional rounds through the front door.

                After several hours, Rattigan surrendered to MPD officers, and he was arrested. After Rattigan was arrested, MPD executed a court-authorized search warrant inside the home. Inside, Rattigan had thirty-one dogs, three handguns, two AR-style rifles, two full drum magazines, and additional large-capacity magazines. 

               This case is being investigated by the Metropolitan Police Department and is being prosecuted by Assistant United States Attorney Matthew Goldstein of the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the District of Columbia.

               An indictment is merely an allegation and all defendants are presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt in a court of law.

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Canada: Joint CBSA and OPP investigation into illegal hiring of foreign nationals leads to sentencing of three businesses

    Source: Government of Canada News

    April 4, 2025
    Toronto, Ontario

    The Canada Border Services Agency (CBSA) today announced that three businesses have pleaded guilty and have been fined following a joint investigation into illegal business practices related to the employment of foreign nationals.

    On February 28, 2025, in Oshawa, Ontario, the three businesses pleaded guilty as follows:

    • CDA Landscape Services, to 20 counts of employing a foreign national without authorization
    • TDA Landscape Services, to 2 counts of employing a foreign national without authorization
    • SDA Services, to 2 counts of employing a foreign national without authorization

    As a result, CDA Landscape Services was fined $400,000, TDA Landscape Services was fined $25,000 and SDA Services was fined $25,000.

    This joint investigation began in 2019 when a foreign national was arrested by the Ontario Provincial Police (OPP) for impaired driving. CBSA and OPP investigators discovered a network of unauthorized workers spanning multiple jurisdictions across southern and eastern Ontario and the Greater Toronto Area.

    During the investigation, more than 700 foreign nationals were identified throughout Ontario who had been employed by the organization without authorization to work in Canada. Several individuals were found to be inadmissible due to criminality and were subsequently removed from Canada by the CBSA.

    MIL OSI Canada News –

  • MIL-OSI Security: Five Individuals Face Federal Charges Following Multi-Agency Immigration Enforcement Operations

    Source: United States Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco Firearms and Explosives (ATF)

    ATLANTA – Five individuals have been charged in the Northern District of Georgia with firearms-related offenses during a multi-agency immigration enforcement operation in metro-Atlanta during the past week. The operations involved coordinated investigations led by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s Homeland Security Investigations and Enforcement and Removal Operations, the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, the Drug Enforcement Administration, and Federal Bureau of Investigation, with valuable support from several local law enforcement partners. In addition to the individuals charged federally, law enforcement seized more than a dozen firearms and hundreds of rounds of ammunition in connection with the operations.

    “Our office is proud to support our law enforcement partners in this effort and other enforcement initiatives to protect our communities and safeguard our national security,” said Acting U.S. Attorney Richard S. Moultrie, Jr. “This initiative sends a strong message to those engaged in criminal activity, whether regarding immigration-related or firearms offenses, that the ongoing and determined coordinated efforts of our federal and local law enforcement partners will achieve measurable results in making our communities safer.”

    “The successful enforcement actions taken during this multi-agency operation underscore HSI’s unwavering commitment to upholding immigration laws and targeting illegal aliens allegedly possessing and trafficking in firearms,” said Steven N. Schrank, special agent in charge of HSI Atlanta, which covers Georgia and Alabama. “By leveraging our partnerships and resources, we are identifying and apprehending those who exploit our immigration system to engage in criminal activities that threaten public safety and national security.”

    “ATF along with our federal law enforcement partners will utilize all resources to investigate firearms trafficking by transnational criminal organizations and cartels,” said Special Agent in Charge Benjamin Gibbons. “The success of these investigative efforts could not be accomplished without cohesive partnerships, which keep our communities safe.”

    “The DEA, along with our law enforcement partners, are sending a clear message to the Mexican drug cartels and their criminal associates, that keeping our communities safe is our highest priority,” said Jae W. Chung, Acting Special Agent in Charge of the DEA Atlanta Division. 

    “FBI Atlanta is dedicated to supporting our federal partners in achieving our mutual objective of ensuring the safety of our communities,” said Paul Brown, Special Agent in Charge of FBI Atlanta. “This case clearly illustrates the success that can be achieved when federal agencies unite their resources and expertise to combat violent criminals.”

    According to Acting U.S. Attorney Moultrie, the charges, and other information presented in court: From March 24 to April 2, 2025, federal law enforcement agencies conducted a series of enforcement operations targeting individuals allegedly committing firearms and other violations, including those illegally present in the United States.  During the operation, law enforcement seized 13 firearms and hundreds of rounds of ammunition.  Significantly, resulting investigations revealed that many of the firearms were bound for Mexico.

    The following defendants have been charged in connection with the operations:

    Hernandez Mora made his initial appearance before U.S. Magistrate Judge Linda T. Walker on April 1, 2025.  Gonzales-Hoppo made her initial appearance before U.S. Magistrate Judge John K. Larkins, III on March 28, 2025.  Vick, Macias Montes and Sambrano also made their initial appearances before Judge Larkins on March 27, 2025. 

    Members of the public are reminded that the Criminal Complaints and Indictment only contain charges.  The defendants are presumed innocent of the charges, and it will be the government’s burden to prove the defendants’ guilt beyond a reasonable doubt at trial.

    These cases are being investigated by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Drug Enforcement Administration, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s Homeland Security Investigations and Enforcement and Removal Operations, and Federal Bureau of Investigation, with valuable assistance provided by U.S. Customs and Border Protection, U.S. Secret Service, Georgia State Patrol, Sandy Springs Police Department, Doraville Police Department, Fayette County Sheriff’s Office, Clayton County Police Department, South Fulton Police Department, Douglas County Sheriff’s Office, Gwinnett County Police Department, Clarkston Police Department and East Point Police Department.

    Assistant U.S. Attorneys with the Northern District of Georgia, including those assigned to the Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces (OCDETFs) and Project Safe Neighborhood (PSN), provided valuable support for these operations.

    This case is part of Operation Take Back America a nationwide initiative that marshals the full resources of the Department of Justice to repel the invasion of illegal immigration, achieve the total elimination of cartels and transnational criminal organizations (TCOs), and protect our communities from the perpetrators of violent crime. Operation Take Back America streamlines efforts and resources from the Department’s Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces (OCDETFs) and Project Safe Neighborhood (PSN).

    The specific mission of the David G. Wilhelm Atlanta OCDETF Strike Force (Atlanta Strike Force) is to eliminate transnational organized crime syndicates and major drug trafficking and money laundering organizations in the Atlanta metropolitan area and the Northern District of Georgia. To accomplish this mission, the Atlanta Strike Force will target these organizations’ leaders, focusing on targets designated as Consolidated Priority Organization Targets, Regional Priority Organization Targets, and their associates.  The Atlanta Strike Force is comprised of agents and officers from ATF, DEA, FBI, HSI, USMS, USPIS, and IRS, as well as numerous state and local agencies; and the prosecution is being led by the Office of the United States Attorney for the Northern District of Georgia.

    For further information please contact the U.S. Attorney’s Public Affairs Office at USAGAN.PressEmails@usdoj.gov or (404) 581-6280.  The Internet address for the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Northern District of Georgia is http://www.justice.gov/usao-ndga. 

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI USA: TCU/IAM’S Allison Parker Begins Serving as Labor Chair for National Railroad Adjustment Board

    Source: US GOIAM Union

    Effective April 1, 2025, TCU/IAM Industry Relations Executive Director Allison Parker began serving as the Labor Chair for the National Railroad Adjustment Board (NRAB). The NRAB is an arm of the National Mediation Board (NMB) and is crucial in resolving discipline and rule grievances on practically every rail carrier in the United States.

    Parker has more than 20 years of experience in the TCU/IAM Industry Relations department, which is responsible for assisting TCU/IAM representatives at every level with cases for arbitration.

    Parker also serves as an employee advocate on various Public Law Boards and Special Boards of Adjustment and has previously served as the employee member on both the third and fourth divisions of the NRAB. The position of Labor Chair is elected by the union leaders from all of Rail Labor. 

    TCU/IAM and the IAM Rail Division are proud of the work Parker does in representing our members through arbitration. We know she will bring that same passion and skill to the position of NRAB Labor Chair.

    “Allison is a wealth of knowledge and experience in arbitration,” said TCU/IAM National President Artie Maratea. “Her knowledge of the NMB processes, her experience as a member advocate, and her success in the arbitration arena are common knowledge for us at TCU. It is nice to see other labor organizations recognize that as well. I’m very proud of her and know she will do a great job.” 

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    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: ICE Boston arrests Dominican alien charged with assault to rape, strangulation of a Massachusetts resident

    Source: US Immigration and Customs Enforcement

    LAWRENCE, Mass. — U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement apprehended an illegally present Dominican national charged with charged with assault to rape, assault and battery with dangerous weapon, assault on a family or household member, and strangulation suffocation. Officers with ICE Boston arrested Gregori Thomas Romero in Lawrence Feb. 1.

    “Gregori Thomas Romero is charged with horrifically victimizing a member of our community,” said ICE Enforcement and Removal Operations Boston acting Field Office Director Patricia H. Hyde. “Romero represents a significant threat to the law-abiding residents of Massachusetts that we cannot tolerate. ICE Boston stands firmly committed to prioritizing public safety by arresting and removing criminal alien offenders from the streets of New England.”

    U.S. Border Patrol apprehended Romero July 9, 2023, after he illegally entered the United States near San Luis, Arizona. USBP issued Romero a notice to appear before a Justice Department immigration judge.

    Officers with the Boston Police Department arrested Romero Sept. 11, 2024, for the offenses of assault to rape, assault and battery with dangerous weapon, assault on a family or household member, and strangulation suffocation. ICE Boston attempted to lodge a detainer against Romero; however, he had already been released from custody.

    Officers with ICE Boston arrested Romero in Lawrence Feb. 1. Romero remains in ICE custody.

    Members of the public can report crimes and suspicious activity by dialing 866-DHS-2-ICE (866-347-2423) or completing the online tip form.

    Learn more about ICE’s mission to increase public safety in our communities on X: @EROBoston.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: San Fernando Valley Man Arrested for Allegedly Possessing Child Sexual Abuse Material Tied to Online Violent Network Known as ‘764’

    Source: US State of California

    WASHINGTON — A California man was arrested on a federal criminal complaint alleging that he targeted children for sexual exploitation online as part of his role in an online violent network that seeks to accelerate social unrest and the downfall of the current world order.

    Jose Henry Ayala Casamiro, 28, of San Fernando Valley, was arrested by the FBI on charges of attempting to possess and the possession of child pornography. He made his initial appearance on April 3 in federal court in the Central District of California. A federal magistrate judge ordered him jailed without bond and an April 22 arraignment date was scheduled in Los Angeles federal court.

    According to court documents, Ayala allegedly caused minors to produce child sexual abuse material (CSAM) as well as other video content depicting themselves engaging in self-harm as part of his participation in an online network known broadly as “764”, a network of nihilistic violent extremists who engage in criminal conduct, particularly targeting children for sexual exploitation online, to further the network’s goals of accelerating the downfall of the current world order, including the U.S. government. Members of 764 work in concert with one another towards a common purpose of destroying civilized society through the corruption and exploitation of vulnerable populations, including minors.

    As part of the 764 network, Alaya was allegedly involved with an online group that blackmailed underage girls into creating child pornography videos depicting themselves engaging in degrading sadistic sexual acts, torture sessions, and carving their abusers’ initials or names on their bodies. The group also encouraged the female minors to commit suicide. As one example, the criminal complaint details a March 2020 photo in which an individual had cut the defendant’s name “Henry” into their right forearm. The complaint also outlines four videos that allegedly depict Ayala directing teen girls to engage in specific sexual acts. In February and March 2025, the complaint also alleges that Ayala participated in a new server created as a “grooming pool” targeting many underage girls, which included two minor students in a public school district in Colorado.

    Sue J. Bai, head of the Justice Department’s National Security Division; U.S. Attorney Bilal A. Essayli for the Central District of California; and Assistant Director David J. Scott of the FBI’s Counterterrorism Division made the announcement. 

    The FBI’s Joint Terrorism Task Force is investigating the case.

    Assistant U.S. Attorneys Amanda Elbogen and David Ryan for the Central District of California and Trial Attorneys Justin Sher and James Donnelly of the National Security Division’s Counterterrorism Section are prosecuting the case.

    A criminal complaint is merely an allegation. All defendants are presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt in a court of law.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI Global: What politicians could actually do about the issues raised in Adolescence

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Robert Lawson, Associate Professor in Sociolinguistics, Birmingham City University

    Mounir Taha/Shutterstock

    Netflix hit Adolescence has ignited conversations across the UK about contemporary masculinity, online radicalisation and violence against women and girls. It has also raised questions about the interventions needed at home, in schools and by the government to counter the seductive power of harmful content on social media.

    The series suggests the key to solving some of these issues is parents and teachers understanding the “manosphere”. This is a collection of websites, influencers and communities where men talk about “men’s issues”. But, as I’ve explored in my research, anti-women and anti-feminist sentiment also prevails.

    In an interview about the series, Adolescence writer Jack Thorne says:

    Jamie is not a simple product of the ‘manosphere’. He is a product of parents that didn’t see, a school that couldn’t care and a brain that didn’t stop him. Put 3,000 kids in the same situation and they wouldn’t do what he did. Yet spend any time on forums on 4chan or Reddit, spend any time on most social media platforms and you end up, quite quickly, in some dark spaces. Parents can try to regulate this, schools can stop mobile phone access but more needs to be done.

    Successive UK governments have attempted to counter online misogyny and violence against women and girls through legislation and public education schemes. But what would really work?

    Adolescence attaches much importance to language and emojis used by teens to obscure meaning, though there is undoubtedly some creative license behind the depictions of the emojis used to mean “incel” (involuntary celibate).

    But focusing on “slang parents and teachers need to know” is misguided. Every generation finds ways of talking about their lives in coded ways. And teen language is frequently tied to moral panics about what it potentially hides. Research has shown that regular, open and supportive conversations between parents and children are much more important.

    The role of schools

    The prime minister has suggested that Adolescence should be shown in schools. And Netflix has made the series available to secondary schools across the UK.

    In December 2024, education minister Bridget Phillipson announced new teaching guidance about incel culture and online misogyny. She argued that it was “vital to recognise the signs of these dangerous ideas as early as possible”.

    It’s encouraging to see the government take these issues seriously, but there are pitfalls. Teachers are under substantial pressure, struggling with workload and staffing. How many have the capacity to lead meaningful and supportive discussions, especially with limited training on these topics?

    Some research suggests that female teachers encounter explicit misogyny in their classrooms. This makes it even more difficult to facilitate conversations about gender and violence. Sessions on countering misogyny also pose the danger of alienating boys, making them feel like they are being vilified for the actions of other men and boys.



    Read more:
    Adolescence in schools: TV show’s portrayal of one boyhood may do more harm than good when used as a teaching tool

    Ultimately, interventions to reduce gender-based violence and misogyny need a “whole-school” approach that integrates gender equality across the curriculum, rather than isolating it within relationships, sex and health education (RSHE) classes. This content could also be covered in initial teacher training courses.

    Researchers have developed resources to challenge dangerous gender norms for use in schools, community groups and other forums. These include toolkits from Dublin City University, University of Liverpool and the MascNet research network, which focus on improving critical thinking, unpacking dominant ideas of masculinity and reflecting on different ways of being a man.

    My own work on A-level English curricula also offers suggestions. Improving digital literacy is key to helping young men identify the mechanisms of manipulation in the content they consume and resist the siren call of manosphere influences. This can encourage young men to rethink their assumptions about gender politics and masculinity, with the ultimate aim of reducing gender-based violence.

    Other discussions have focused on recruiting more male teachers and the importance of models of masculinity based on caring, empathy and emotional vulnerability. Again, these are appealing solutions, but the evidence that male role models improve outcomes for young people is mixed.

    Perhaps the trickiest debate concerns the regulation of media and technology. Adolescence writer Thorne has backed the UK following Australia’s approach to ban social media for under-16s, and some argue the government should ban smartphones for teenagers entirely. Experts say that such bans could do more harm than good.

    The UK’s new online safety laws may go some way to holding social media companies to account for moderating illegal or harmful content and algorithms through fines. This covers intimate image abuse, cyberflashing and some other forms of online misogyny, but there are likely to be gaps when it comes to male supremacist and manosphere content.

    And there are serious concerns about how the law will affect free speech and undermine privacy online.

    Investing in youth

    The problem with many of these strategies is that they fail to acknowledge the material reality of many young boys’ lives. There have been significant cuts over the past 20 years to youth provision, from clubs and community centres to mental health support.

    Boys’ prospects in terms of educational attainment and secure employment lag behind girls’. These inequalities become even more pronounced across regions and social classes, and won’t be solved by banning social media.

    Add to this disconnected communities and a potent combination of insecurity, precarity and frustrated expectation, it is no surprise that many young men find solace in an online world which gives them validation, belonging and a sense of community.



    Read more:
    Blaming absent dads for the crisis of masculinity is too simplistic – many men want to be more involved

    Thankfully, a number of organisations offer better solutions. Charities like Beyond Equality, the Manhood Academy, AndysManClub and Progressive Masculinity have provided outreach, mentoring and mental health provision for boys and young men across the UK for years.

    Similarly, the S.M.I.L.E-ing Boys Project supports boys from black, Asian and minority ethnic communities to develop their emotional intelligence, with positive outcomes in terms of navigating relationships and interpersonal conflict. Government investment would help these organisations reach more young men, alongside improving access for underserved communities.

    Adolescence has started some important conversations among parents, teens and politicians. But to make a difference in how young men navigate the world, how they deal with rejection, and how they negotiate the difficulties that life throws at them, these conversations need to be backed up with investment and concrete action.

    Robert Lawson is a Research Fellow in the Institute for Research on Male Supremacism.

    – ref. What politicians could actually do about the issues raised in Adolescence – https://theconversation.com/what-politicians-could-actually-do-about-the-issues-raised-in-adolescence-252978

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: The Trump administration says Tren de Aragua is a terrorist group – but it’s really a transnational criminal organization. Here’s why the label matters.

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Ernesto Castañeda, Professor, and Director, Center for Latin American and Latino Studies, American University

    Venezuelan immigrants, whom the Trump White House says are members of the Tren de Aragua gang, arrive in El Salvador on March 31, 2025. El Salvador Press Presidency Office/Anadolu via Getty Images

    The U.S. State Department declared on Feb. 20, 2025, that the Venezuelan gang Tren de Aragua, as well as some Mexican drug cartels, are now considered foreign terrorist organizations.

    Is the new label warranted?

    Tren de Aragua is at the center of a controversial immigration case that the Supreme Court is going to consider.

    The Trump administration is using the 1798 Alien Enemies Act to justify deporting more than 100 of the 238 Venezuelan and Salvadoran male immigrants it sent to a prison in El Salvador on March 15. The administration says that these immigrants are members of gangs such as Tren de Aragua and are foreign enemies, so they can be sent away with just an order from the White House.

    The administration uses a checklist of items, including physical markers like tattoos, to determine these individuals’ association with Tren de Aragua. Although in reality, the Tren de Aragua gang members do not use any specific tattoos.

    Family members and lawyers representing some of the Venezuelan immigrants say that they are not actually associated with the gang, and that some of them were living in the U.S. legally.

    I am an expert on immigration, and I think it is important to understand why classifying Tren de Aragua as a foreign terrorist organization has sparked debate among observers.

    One important reason is that Tren de Aragua is primarily a profit-driven group, not an ideological one – placing the organization more firmly in the transnational organized crime category rather than a political terrorist group.

    Venezuelan immigrants deported from the U.S. arrived in El Salvador in March 2025.
    El Salvador Press Presidency Office/Anadolu via Getty Images

    Understanding Tren de Aragua

    Tren de Aragua originated as a small prison gang in the early 2000s within Tocorón prison in Venezuela’s state of Aragua, located near the country’s capital, Caracas.

    Over the past 25 years, Tren de Aragua has expanded rapidly across South and Central America, and evolved into a transnational criminal organization under the leadership of Hector Guerrero Flores. Also known as Niño Guerrero, Flores is a 41-year-old Venezuelan who first served time in Tocorón prison in 2010 for killing a police officer before he escaped for the first time in 2012. His current location is not known.

    Flores is wanted by the U.S. and Colombia for various crimes related to expanding the group’s criminal network throughout South and Central America.

    Today, an estimated 5,000 people are affiliated with Tren de Aragua, which is mainly focused on human trafficking and other crimes targeting migrants. The gang has also been linked to other criminal organizations in Latin America and is involved with extortion, kidnapping, money laundering and drug smuggling. The number of active members in the United States is in the low hundreds, and clearly the great majority of Venezuelans here are not members.

    Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem arrives at the presidential palace in San Salvador, El Salvador, to discuss the deportation of Venezuelan immigrants to the country on March 26, 2025.
    Alex Brandon-Pool/Getty Images

    Different end goals

    Tren de Aragua has expanded in part because of its ability to exploit weak governance within the state of Aragua, and eventually across Venezuela, which faces political instability and a weak economy. An expansion beyond Venezuela has allowed the gang to connect with other transnational criminal networks.

    Most accepted definitions of terrorism say it is a kind of violence, usually used against civilians, motivated by political and ideological beliefs and goals. Tren de Aragua does not fit that definition. It does not have a political ideology and therefore is not an actual terrorist organization.

    The U.S. government considers a foreign terrorist organization a foreign group that engages in terrorist activity, or plans to do so, in a way that threatens the security of U.S. nationals or the country more broadly.

    Tren de Aragua is among the eight groups that the State Department first classified as foreign terrorist organizations in the first few months of 2025 after Donald Trump’s inauguration. The other new groups put on the list primarily include Latin American drug trafficking organizations, like the Mexican Sinaloa cartel.

    While transnational criminal organizations and foreign terrorist organizations both engage in violence and illicit activities, their end goals are different.

    Foreign terrorist organizations such as al-Qaida and the Islamic State group seek political, religious or ideological change – or all three – as they try to use violence to reshape the political landscape of their regions.

    Terrorist groups and transnational criminal organizations are not the same

    Tren de Aragua, as well as other transnational criminal groups like MS-13 – which originated in Los Angeles but now operates throughout the Americas – and the Sinaloa cartel, carry out illegal, violent activities across borders in order to make money.

    These groups do not have political or ideological motives beyond creating conditions to maximize their own profits. They do not aim to take political power in the U.S. or elsewhere, or try to remake society in their own image. That is beyond their purview and capabilities.

    Properly distinguishing between terrorist organizations and transnational criminal organizations is crucial for devising effective policies and responses to their violence. Mislabeling these groups can lead to inappropriate responses such as putting aside civil liberties, due process and human rights.

    Incorrectly classifying Tren de Aragua and other criminal groups as terrorist organizations could shift U.S. foreign policy and resources toward counterterrorism efforts and away from decreasing the power and violence exercised by organized crime and drug cartels in many parts of Latin America.

    However, the way in which many Venezuelans and other immigrants have been deported from the country over the past few months without passing through immigration court seems to indicate that the main rationale for the talk about alien enemies and these terrorist designations is to aid in the goal of mass deportations, rather than to fight domestic or international terrorism.

    If the U.S. truly wants to curb undocumented immigration and reduce drug and human trafficking, then I believe that it should ensure that its classification of these organizations is accurate and aligned with its actual objectives.

    Melissa Vasquez, a graduate student at American University studying international affairs and the Northern Triangle in Central America, contributed to this piece.

    Ernesto Castañeda does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. The Trump administration says Tren de Aragua is a terrorist group – but it’s really a transnational criminal organization. Here’s why the label matters. – https://theconversation.com/the-trump-administration-says-tren-de-aragua-is-a-terrorist-group-but-its-really-a-transnational-criminal-organization-heres-why-the-label-matters-252793

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Security: CCTV still issued of man sought following vicious assault in Plaistow

    Source: United Kingdom London Metropolitan Police

    Detectives investigating a vicious assault in Plaistow have released an image of a man they want to identify.

    The incident happened at approximately 19:20hrs on Wednesday, 26 February as the victim – a man aged in his 50s – was waiting at a bus stop in Barking Road, near the junction with Tunmarsh Lane, E13.

    The male suspect walked up behind him and slashed him across the face with a knife before walking off. No words were exchanged prior to the incident and the victim did not recognise his attacker.

    The victim was taken to hospital for treatment but has been left with a large scar.

    Detective Constable Karen Barker leads the investigation and said:

    “This appears to have been a completely unprovoked attack which could easily have had far more serious consequences. We are appealing to anyone who was in this area of Barking Road around the time of the incident, or any road users with camera footage who may have captured the suspect or the incident, to come forward and speak to us. This person is extremely dangerous and needs to be caught.”

    Anyone with information is asked to call 101 or ‘X’ @MetCC and quote ref: 01/7208073/25. You can also provide information anonymously to the independent charity Crimestoppers on 0800 555 111.

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Security: Russell Brand charged by the Metropolitan Police Service

    Source: United Kingdom London Metropolitan Police

    The Crown Prosecution Service has authorised the Metropolitan Police Service to charge a man following an investigation by detectives.

    The Met has issued a charge and requisition to Russell Brand, 50 (04.02.1975), of Oxfordshire, in connection with the following offences –

    • One count of rape
    • One count of indecent assault
    • One count of oral rape
    • Two counts of sexual assault

    Detectives began investigating in September 2023 after receiving a number of allegations, which followed reporting by Channel 4’s Dispatches and The Sunday Times.

    It is alleged that –

    • In 1999 a woman was raped in the Bournemouth area
    • In 2001 a woman was indecently assaulted in the Westminster area of London
    • In 2004 a woman was orally raped and sexually assaulted in the Westminster area of London
    • Between 2004 and 2005, a woman was sexually assaulted in the Westminster area of London

    Russell Brand will appear at Westminster Magistrates’ Court on Friday, 2 May.

    Detective Superintendent Andy Furphy from the Metropolitan Police who is leading the investigation said: “The women who have made reports continue to receive support from specially trained officers.

    “The Met’s investigation remains open and detectives ask anyone who has been affected by this case, or anyone who has any information, to come forward and speak with police. A dedicated team of investigators is available via email at CIT@met.police.uk.

    “Support is also available by contacting the independent charity, Rape Crisis at 24/7 Rape and Sexual Abuse Support Line.”

    We urge responsible reporting in line with guidance from the Attorney General’s Office. Editors, publishers, and social media users should take legal advice to ensure they are in a position to fully comply with the obligations to which they are subject under the common law and Contempt of Court Act 1981.

    The charges relate to four separate women.

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Security: St. John’s — RCMP NL warns of phishing scam on Facebook Marketplace

    Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police

    RCMP NL is warning residents of a type of scam currently in circulation where scammers are using Facebook Marketplace to target users selling items and sending them fake email money transfers (EMT).

    Recently, reports have been made about residents being defrauded through a phishing scam on Facebook. Here is how the scam is conducted:

    1. The scammer contacts the victim through Facebook Marketplace place, willing to buy items that they had for sale.
    2. The scammer informs the victim that they can send an EMT as payment to secure the product.
    3. The scammer sends a fake interact transfer email to the seller for the seller to click on to access the deposited funds by inputting their banking information.
    4. The scammer obtains the banking account number, password, and two-factor authentication as inputted by the victim.
    5. The scammer obtains access to the victim’s bank account and sends themselves an EMT.
    6. The victim receives an email confirmation, stating that the amount sent as a deposit will be placed in the victim’s bank account in a day or so.
    7. The victim receives notification from their bank (email/text message) that an interact transfer was made from their account to the scammer.
    8. The victim realizes that they have been scammed.

    Here are some red flags to watch out for:

    • The fake Interac transfer email comes from an email service provider, such as gmail.
    • The fake Interac transfer email link re-directs you to an internet page instead of your banking app.
    • The Facebook profile of the scammer is usually associated with a common local name and has very little information available on the page.
    • The Facebook profile was recently created. You can scroll through their timeline and look at the earliest posting date, if there is nothing on the timeline be suspicious.
    • The scammer controls the conversation and selects the method of payment.
    • The scammer will never want to meet in person and will always have an excuse.

    How can you protect yourself?

    • Do not accept EMT payment. The scammer will push for this option. Use the cash only option and never accept a cheque.
    • If you decide to accept EMT then be aware of the process. The buyer sends you money which should go directly to your bank. There should be no steps in between.
    • Never provide banking information (Interac already has access to this) nor provide any personal information.
    • Set up alerts with your bank to alert you that an EMT has been made using your account. Contact your bank immediately if you did not authorize the transfer. The bank may be able to retrieve the funds.
    • Check to see what email address the EMT is coming from. If it is coming from Interac, the email domain will be @payments.interac.ca
    • If you click on the link to deposit the funds, make sure it opens to your banking app or the official banking website. If possible, select the banking app option. The banking website may be fake but look real.
    • Register for autodeposit with your bank. This way, any legitimate funds will be automatically deposited into your account.

    Remember, if it seems too good to be true, it is. If you are unsure whether who you are speaking with on the phone, online, or even in person is legitimate or not, don’t be afraid to say no, leave the conversation, or get a second opinion.

    RCMP NL encourages the public to discuss financial and digital safety with elders and vulnerable adults in their family or community. For more information on phishing, visit the Canadian Anti-Fraud Centre at https://antifraudcentre-centreantifraude.ca/scams-fraudes/phishing-hameconnage-eng.htm

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Study: Police Finance Organizations Allow Steady Flow of Dark Money to Law Enforcement

    Source: US State of Connecticut

    Five years ago, thanks to a federal program that distributes surplus military equipment to local police, Bridgeport acquired a heavily armored vehicle capable of withstanding a mine blast. Other places like Bristol, Hartford, New London, and Willimantic also got one.

    As local media published town-by-town lists of the night vision goggles, rifles, thermal scopes, underwater sound equipment, reconnaissance cameras, and other armored vehicles acquired under the program, Connecticut legislators voted to henceforth prohibit the acquisition of certain military items.

    In a post-George Floyd world, when citizens nationwide openly question the use of police force and officers often find themselves an unwelcomed presence in neighborhoods, simple transparency, like those town-by-town lists, is paramount, says one UConn researcher.

    It’s also the thing most in danger, as what he calls “police finance organizations” introduce secrecy and a rising amount of dark money into policing.

    “Police departments are funded largely by taxpayers through municipal budgets, but we’ve found there’s a lot of other money going to police that you don’t know about or have control over as a voter or taxpayer,” says sociologist Simon Yamawaki Shachter, an assistant professor at UConn. “When you don’t know what’s going into a police budget, that raises questions about who the police are working for. Is it the community that pays taxes or someone else?”

    Shachter and researchers from Harvard University and the University of Chicago introduce the new concept of police finance organizations in their paper, “The Social Structure of Private Donations to Police,” published recently in Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World.

    In it, they define such organizations as simply private entities that give resources to police. These private entities, however, aren’t subject to the same level of scrutiny as police departments, through freedom-of-information requests and public annual reports for example.

    Among the larger category of police finance organizations, they say there are three smaller types: “connectors,” “boosters,” and “havens.”

    In most cases, taxpayers and voters don’t know this is happening. &#8212 Simon Yamawaki Shachter

    Police connectors are entities that generally are in major U.S. cities and provide resources to multiple police departments, oftentimes serving as hubs between parts of the private funding network.

    Police boosters, on the other hand, give only to a single department and tend to be hyperlocal in their fundraising and giving. Police havens, though, are organizations that operate as a savings account for departments, that is, taking in private donations as deposits and making withdrawals to give to departments upon need or request.

    “While police finance organizations sound fine at face value, what’s interesting is that people can make their own tax-deductible gifts to police departments without an intermediary,” Shachter explains. “So, it’s curious why these organizations need to exist in the first place if people can just go to their local police department and write them a check. Why does there need to be this extra organization in the middle?”

    These organizations, he says, often are incorporated as nonprofits, and as 501(c)3s are not required to disclose donor lists, limiting the public’s knowledge of where the funding originated from. Not only don’t they have to report their donors, they’re also not subject to freedom-of-information laws, so even a written request doesn’t get the information.

    Nearly 1,000 police finance organizations nationwide 

    Shachter says the New York City Police Foundation, founded in 1971, was the first major private organization to support police, and even as others popped up over the years, their popularity was slow to grow until about 2015 when their number exploded.

    Police benevolent associations were not part of the study, Shachter notes, and weren’t considered police finance organizations because they’re a function of police unions and work to support officers, not general policing, namely equipment and training.

    Using information from GuideStar Candid, Shachter and the other researchers found thousands of entries just from the keywords “police,” “sheriff,” “law enforcement,” and “trooper” in tax filer names, mission statements, program accomplishments, expense descriptions, and addresses.

    They worked to winnow down the dataset and figure there are 961 police finance organizations nationwide, which, Shachter says, is a conservative estimate based on various limitations in the data and other roadblocks researchers hit.

    They managed to discern, however, that between 2014 and 2019, police finance organizations had a revenue of $480 million, of which $396 million went to police havens, $56 million to police connectors, and $28 million to police boosters, according to the study.

    The average donation to a police haven was $22,243 – a skewed number thanks to a handful of multimillion-dollar gifts, the study says, explaining that havens often gave money to individual officers, provided nonmaterial gifts to departments, facilitated discounted purchases by departments, and offered free loans of equipment.

    Those giving the most have strong political agendas and are trying to exert policy influence in different ways. &#8212 Simon Yamawaki Shachter

    Havens also exchanged $5 million among themselves through 80 individual donations, “creating a shadow network of internal financial exchanges,” the study says.

    Shachter says police finance organizations find all sorts of ways to secretly pass support to departments, including by donating to individual officers. If gifts are less than $5,000 per officer, the donation needn’t be disclosed.

    This means, for instance, the Chicago Police Memorial Foundation was able in 2020 to give that department 3,330 bulletproof vests and 1,720 vest covers by marking them for individual officers without having to report the $1.47 million donation, the study says.

    Two years prior in 2018, a different organization, the Chicago Police Foundation, purchased “special classes for CPD,” but details on what those classes were for aren’t readily available, a fact that’s not surprising to Shachter. The study notes that its disclosure at all was likely a mistake.

    “Most of the police departments and most of the organizations we studied are using this money for whatever they want, going around any public process,” Shachter says. “We have no idea what’s being offered in these trainings. We just know they’re held and that police go to them.”

    Gifts from billionaire donors 

    From youth programming and defibrillators to shields and even a helicopter, donations run the gamut.

    “Most of the gifts are very benign, supporting the health of canines and medical training for officers, things I think we all support and say should be part of public budgets,” Shachter says. “But if you look at the amount of money that moves through these organizations, it appears far more nefarious. Those giving the most have strong political agendas and are trying to exert policy influence in different ways.”

    Study researchers found three private donors who gave significant support.

    Howard Buffett, son of billionaire Warren Buffett, gave to police finance organizations in Illinois, which led to the ouster of the director of the Illinois Law Enforcement Training and Standards Board over ethical concerns.

    In Arizona, the younger Buffett made donations and became an active member of the Assist Team, giving him direct access to police and allowing him to develop a relationship with U.S. Border Patrol, according to the study.

    Founder of the hedge fund Citadel Kenneth Griffin himself disclosed gifts to police finance organizations, offering a combined $35 million to the University of Chicago Crime Lab in 2018 and 2022, the study says, noting that Griffin openly tied the gifts to mayoral, gubernatorial, and national policy. Because the University of Chicago is a private institution, it did not have to disclose the gift.

    And billionaires Laura and John Arnold, outspoken supporters of law enforcement, funded in 2016 a pilot surveillance drone program through a police haven supporting Baltimore police, the study says. When the community learned of the surveillance program, it was immediately shut down.

    There’s no doubt, Shachter says, that big donors are using their gifts to influence local, state, and national policy conversations.

    “Our goal with this study is to take the first step of shining a light on this area of dark money and then try to make it more transparent. We would love changes to the IRS tax code to require better reporting, like gifts to individual officers. They should report that just like other public officials,” he says.

    “In most cases, taxpayers and voters don’t know this is happening,” he continues. “City councils don’t even know, and if they’re not aware of these off-the-book line items how can they appropriately budget? There are so many ways these organizations are purposely avoiding transparency and that gives us reason for alarm.”

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI Security: Four Sentenced for Roles in Drug Trafficking Organization

    Source: Office of United States Attorneys

    MARTINSBURG, WEST VIRGINIA – Four people have been sentenced for their roles in a drug trafficking conspiracy operating in Berkeley, Morgan, and Hampshire Counties.

    According to court documents and statements made in court, 26 people were charged in 2023 in connection with the drug trafficking organization, led by Dorian Scott Burks and Andrew Ross Hose. The conspirators worked together to sell large quantities of methamphetamine, fentanyl, and cocaine. The investigation recovered drugs, firearms, and thousands of dollars.

    Those sentenced this week are:

    • Alexis Walsh, 30, of Jeannette, Pennsylvania, sentenced to 123 months in prison for the distribution of cocaine hydrochloride;
    • Michael Ramsbottom, age 68, of Berkeley Springs, West Virginia, sentenced to 84 months for conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute and to distribute methamphetamine hydrochloride, fentanyl, cocaine hydrochloride, and cocaine base;
    • Sathira Lynn Ewers, age 42, of Romney, West Virginia, sentenced to 70 months in prison for conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute and to distribute methamphetamine hydrochloride, fentanyl, cocaine hydrochloride, and cocaine base;
    • Eric Turner, age 38, of Winchester, Virginia, sentenced to three years of probation for conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute and to distribute methamphetamine hydrochloride, fentanyl, cocaine hydrochloride, and cocaine base.

    All defendants in the case have been convicted. Burks, age 29, of Jeannette, Pennsylvania, was sentenced to 262 months in prison in January 2025. Hose, age 40, of Bunker Hill, West Virginia, will be sentenced on May 5, 2025.

    Assistant U.S. Attorney Lara Omps-Botteicher prosecuted the cases on behalf of the government. The Potomac Highlands Drug Task Force, a HIDTA-funded initiative, investigated.

    This effort is part of an Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces (OCDETF) operation. OCDETF identifies, disrupts, and dismantles the highest-level criminal organizations that threaten the United States using a prosecutor-led, intelligence-driven, multi-agency approach. Additional information about the OCDETF Program can be found at https://www.justice.gov/OCDETF.

    U.S. District Judge Gina M. Groh presided. 

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Join Us on 4/24 for Law Day 2025: Constitutions, Unity, and the Rule of Law

    Source: US Global Legal Monitor

    On April 24 at 3 p.m. EDT, the Law Library of Congress and the American Bar Association will cohost our annual Law Day celebration with a Zoom-based panel discussion.

    Please register here.

    This year, the American Bar Association’s 2025 Law Day theme is “The Constitution’s Promise: Out of Many, One.” As the American Bar Association explains:

    The Constitution enshrines our collective responsibility to one another, and the 2025 Law Day theme urges us to take pride in a Constitution that bridges our differences to bring us together as a united nation. Our civic lives tie us together as one “We,” whether through legislative efforts that serve the common good, through military service, or by working together, every day, to fulfill the promise of E pluribus unum, or “out of many, one.”

    This panel discussion will explore how law, specifically constitutionalism, has been used to promote unity in nations around the world, exploring this theme from a comparative constitutional law framework, where we will explore the intricacies of constitutional design, focusing on how different nations create, revise, and enforce their constitutions. This program will examine the processes by which constitutions are drafted, highlighting the roles of founding documents, legal frameworks, and the negotiation processes that reflect a nation’s values and aspirations. The panel will discuss how constitutions evolve over time, whether through formal amendments, judicial interpretation, or societal shifts, and how these changes impact governance. The enforcement mechanisms that ensure constitutions remain a living document—through judicial review, political processes, and institutional checks—will also be critically analyzed, providing a deeper understanding of the balance between legal stability and necessary reform. Through this comparative lens, this program will shed light on the diverse approaches to constitutional governance across the globe.

    A logo for the Law Library of Congress and the American Bar Association’s event to commemorate Law Day 2025.

    The program will be introduced by the American Bar Association President William R. Bay and the Law Librarian of Congress, Aslihan Bulut.

    Dr. Alejandro Ponce. Photo courtesy of Dr. Ponce.

    The moderator is Dr. Alejandro Ponce. Dr. Ponce is the Executive Director of the World Justice Project (WJP), leading its global efforts to advance the rule of law through research, data-driven insights, and strategic initiatives.

    Dr. Ponce, a trained economist, has been instrumental in shaping WJP’s research agenda since its early years. As Chief Research Officer (2012–2025), he played a key role in developing the WJP Rule of Law Index and led the creation of major data products, including country and thematic diagnostics, environmental rule of law indicators, legal needs surveys in over 100 countries, and the first study to quantify the global justice gap. He also led WJP’s expansion in Mexico and the European Union, launching subnational justice indicators, advancing criminal justice research, and overseeing documentary film productions.

    Before joining the World Justice Project, Ponce worked as a researcher at Yale University and as an economist at the World Bank and the Mexican Banking and Securities Commission. He has conducted research in the areas of behavioral economics, financial inclusion, justice indicators, and the rule of law, and has been published in collected volumes as well as top academic journals such as the American Economic Review and the Journal of Law and Economics. Ponce is a frequent speaker on the rule of law at international conferences and policy forums and travels the world to help a wide variety of stakeholders turn rule of law data into action. He holds a B.A. in economics from ITAM in Mexico and an M.A. and Ph.D. in economics from Stanford University.

    The panelists include:

    Tariq Ahmad. Photo courtesy of Tariq Ahmad.

    Law Library of Congress Senior Foreign Law Specialist Tariq Ahmad. Tariq’s work at the Law Library of Congress covers mostly South Asian common law jurisdictions, particularly India and Pakistan. He takes a particular research interest in religion and law issues in the South Asia region. Tariq holds an LL.M. degree in international law from American University Washington College of Law and an LL.B. from University College London.

    Professor Zachary Elkins. Photo Courtesy of Professor Elkins.

    Dr. Zachary Elkins. Professor Elkins’ research focuses on issues of democracy, institutional reform, research methods, and national identity, with an emphasis on cases in Latin America. He is currently completing a book manuscript, “Steal this Constitution: The Drift and Mastery of Constitutional Design,” which examines the design and diffusion of democratic institutions. Much of his research is on the origins and consequences of national constitutions. With Tom Ginsburg (University of Chicago), Professor Elkins co-directs both the Comparative Constitutions Project, an NSF-funded initiative to understand the causes and consequences of constitutional choices, and the website Constitute, which provides resources and analysis for constitutional drafters in new democracies. Elkins earned his B.A. from Yale University, an M.A. from the University of Texas at Austin, and his Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley.

    Professor Mortimer Sellers. Photo courtesy of Mortimer Sellers.

    Professor Mortimer Sellers. M.N.S. Sellers is Regents Professor of the University System of Maryland, the highest honor in the Maryland Academic System. He is also Director of the University of Baltimore Center for International and Comparative Law (CICL), honorary President of the International Association for the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy (IVR), President-Elect of the American Society of Comparative Law, Director of Studies of the American Branch of the International Law
    Association and Counsellor to the American Society of International Law.

    Professor Sellers has written and edited seventeen books and innumerable articles on international law, comparative law, constitutional law, the philosophy of law, and legal history. He is the general editor of several book series, including the Cambridge University Press series ASCL Studies in Comparative Law (with David Gerber) and the Cambridge University Press series ASIL Studies in International Legal Theory (with Michael Cooper). He is the editor with Stephan Kirste of The IVR Encyclopedia of the Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy, and with Gary Bell of the second edition of the International Encyclopedia of Comparative Law.

    Professor Sellers received his doctorate and civil law degrees from Oxford University, where he was a Rhodes Scholar and T.H. Green Fellow. He received his bachelor’s degree (summa cum laude) and law degree (cum laude) at Harvard University, where he was a Frank Knox Fellow and John Harvard Scholar and received the Edwards Whitaker and Detur prizes. He is an elected member of the International Academy of Comparative Law and of the International Association of Constitutional Law. Professor Sellers has been The H.L.A. Hart Fellow in Jurisprudence at University College, Oxford, Research Fellow of the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law in Heidelberg, and a visiting professor at the

    Subscribe to In Custodia Legis – it’s free! – to receive interesting posts drawn from the Law Library of Congress’s vast collections and our staff’s expertise in U.S., foreign, and international law.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: ICE removes criminal illegal alien wanted for rape in Ecuador

    Source: US Immigration and Customs Enforcement

    PHILADELPHIA – U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement removed Jose Luis Romero Diaz, a citizen of Ecuador with a final order of removal, to Ecuador, March 25. Romero is a foreign fugitive wanted by law enforcement authorities in Ecuador for rape, trafficking in controlled substances and theft.

    “Romero’s removal underscores ICE Philadelphia’s critical role in protecting our communities from those who present a significant danger to public safety. Through diligent enforcement of immigration laws, ICE prioritizes the apprehension and removal of individuals who are wanted for serious crimes,” said ICE Enforcement and Removal Operations Philadelphia acting Field Office Director Brian McShane.

    The U.S. Border Patrol arrested Romero Nov. 20, 2023, near El Paso, Texas, for entering the United States without inspection or parole by an immigration official. The next day, the Border Patrol served him a notice to appear and released him on his own recognizance.

    An immigration judge in New York ordered Romero removed from the United States to Ecuador in absentia March 20, 2024.

    The New York Police Department arrested Romero for robbery causing physical injury Nov. 2, 2024. These charges remain pending.

    Romero reported to the ICE New York field office in New York, New York, and requested copies of his immigration documents Jan. 14. ICE New York arrested him that same day and transferred him to ICE Philadelphia at the Moshannon Valley Processing Center in Philipsburg, Pennsylvania, where he remained prior until his removal.

    Members of the public with information can report crimes or suspicious activity by dialing the ICE Tip Line at 866-DHS-2-ICE (866-347-2423) or completing the online tip form.

    Learn more about ICE Philadelphia’s mission to increase public safety in our Pennsylvania, Delaware and West Virginia communities on X: @EROPhiladelphia.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI Security: Clarenville — Clarenville RCMP investigates theft at Shoppers Drug Mart, seeks assistance identifying woman (UPDATED)

    Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police

    Update: Thanks to information received from the public, the woman has been identified.

    Clarenville RCMP is investigating a theft at Shoppers Drug Mart in Clarenville that occurred on March 25, 2025. A significant quantity of cosmetic products was stolen.

    On Tuesday, Clarenville RCMP received the report of the theft. An unknown woman entered the store and departed without paying for various cosmetic items. The items are valued between $2000.00-$3000.00.

    Clarenville RCMP is seeking assistance from the public in identifying the woman, who was captured on the store’s surveillance. An image is attached.

    The investigation is continuing.

    Anyone who can identify the woman or who has information about this crime or the current location of the stolen property is asked to contact Clarenville RCMP at 709-466-3211. To remain anonymous, contact Crime Stoppers: #SayItHere 1-800-222-TIPS (8477), visit www.nlcrimestoppers.com or use the P3Tips app.

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Portsmouth rogue trader sentenced

    Source: City of Portsmouth

    Last Friday (28 March) Bradley Willis-Chambers was sentenced to 24 months suspended for two years, 220 hours of unpaid work, and ten days of rehabilitation activity.

    Willis-Chambers was found guilty at Portsmouth Crown Court in January 2025 of fraudulent trading between 8 April 2022, and 22 February 2023, against four victims to a value of £35,132.48.

    Cllr Lee Hunt, cabinet member for Community Safety, Leisure and Sport at Portsmouth City Council, said:

    “We welcome this conviction.  Justice doesn’t end at sentencing; working with the police and partners Portsmouth City Council will go after rogue traders using the full weight of the law to win justice, gain compensation for victims and fight this form of criminal activity. This sentence reflects the seriousness of the crime and our determination to stamp it out.”

    A financial investigation under the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 is ongoing, aimed at recovering funds obtained by Willis-Chambers and to compensate the victims of his fraudulent activities. Additionally, Portsmouth City Council is seeking a Criminal Behaviour Order (CBO) to prevent Willis-Chambers from actions that could expose consumers to further risk. The terms of the CBO are yet to be finalised.

    If you or someone you know has been a victim of a rogue trader incident, we urge you to report it to The Citizens Advice Consumer Service at 08082231133 and Action Fraud at 0300 123 2040.

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI Russia: “This is not just a challenge to Russia, it is also a challenge to our faith”

    Translartion. Region: Russians Fedetion –

    Source: State University Higher School of Economics – State University Higher School of Economics –

    This year Russia will celebrate the 80th anniversary of Victory in the Great Patriotic War. Center for Religion and Law Faculty of Law HSE University held a round table “Connection of Times. Holy War – Special Military Operation. Contribution of Religious Associations to Achieving Victory.” Representatives of different faiths met to recall history and discuss how clergy can support Russians today.

    “The topic that will be discussed today is very important for everyone, for each of us. Everyone is involved in what is happening now throughout the country,” said Dmitry Kuznetsov, Director of the Higher School of Law and Administration at the National Research University Higher School of Economics, opening the event. “But this topic is also deeply historical for us, so I am sure that today we will rely on our roots and talk about the present and, in many ways, predict the future that we need to build together in order to continue strengthening state sovereignty, so that the constitutional principles of interaction between religious associations are fully implemented.”

    Svetlana Nuzhdina, Director of the Center for Religion and Law at the Faculty of Law at the National Research University Higher School of Economics, noted that representatives of the heirs of those religious communities that supported the Russian people and forged victory during difficult times for the country were invited to participate in the round table, and this experience must be remembered and understood today.

    She also read out a greeting from HSE Rector Nikita Anisimov to those gathered.

    “Our country is multi-confessional, and this is its strength. During the difficult wartime, all religious communities of our Motherland showed themselves to be true patriots. The spiritual support of the Red Army soldiers at the front and home front workers undoubtedly helped us resist the enemy and prevent us from being broken in difficult times. The interaction between the state and religious organizations in those years must be studied, including in light of the events associated with the special military operation. I am confident that the discussions that will unfold at this round table will allow us to comprehend the lessons of the past and apply them to the present,” the rector’s greeting reads.

    Hegumen Serapion (August Mitko), Deputy Director Higher School of Law and Administration, the scientific director of the Center for Religion and Law of the Faculty of Law of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, noted that the last three years have become a test not only for the entire Russian people, but also for religious organizations. For the first time in a very long time, different sides in the conflict are justifying their case with religious arguments. “Many religious organizations have joined the anti-Russian campaign. What is happening is not only a challenge to security, not only a political one, but also a spiritual challenge. In addition to victory on the battlefield, there is also a spiritual victory and a spiritual defeat. Now we must understand that this Russophobia, hatred is not just a challenge to Russia, it is a challenge to our faith. We believe in truth, in goodness and in love, and we must preserve both true faith and love,” he emphasized.

    Metropolitan of Moscow and All Rus’ of the Russian Orthodox Old Believer Church Korniliy (Konstantin Titov) told the participants of the round table about the feats that believers accomplished during the Great Patriotic War, saving Moscow from the enemy army. “We constantly pray for help for our soldiers,” he said.

    Rabbi Aaron Gurevich, head of the Department of the Federation of Jewish Communities of Russia for interaction with the Armed Forces, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and law enforcement agencies of the Russian Federation, said that since the beginning of the Second World War, the Jewish community, which is on the side of the Russians, has found itself under double pressure. In his opinion, European politicians, who are now setting the agenda, instead of dealing with the internal problems of their countries, stubbornly oppose Russia, trying to take quasi-revenge for the defeat of their fathers and grandfathers in the Great Patriotic War.

    A person who helps gets much more than the one who receives help, reminded the mufti of the Moscow Region of the Spiritual Assembly of Muslims of Russia Denis Mukhutdinov. “When you immerse yourself in the process of providing help, when you begin to live this process, such a concept as someone else’s grief is erased for you. Each story that you learn becomes your own, and you learn to feel and empathize and, as a religious figure, begin to convey this to your flock,” he said.

    The head of the Department of Education and Science of the Spiritual Administration of Muslims of the Russian Federation, Ilgizar Davletshin, raised the issue of organizing and developing an institute for training military clergymen under special programs. This issue is very important for all faiths, he noted.

    Archpriest Yevgeny Lishchenyuk, head of the Service for Spiritual and Psychological Assistance to Participants in Combat Operations and Their Families at the Synodal Department for Church Charity and Social Service, director of the St. Anthony Smirnitsky Charitable Foundation, said that more than 20,000 clergy have already been to the front. Just like their flock, they find themselves on the front lines, many have been injured, and some have died.

    Vice-Rector for Social and Missionary Work at the Orthodox St. Tikhon’s Humanitarian University, Philipp Ilyashenko, spoke about the tasks of religious education. This is not only helping soldiers and those who returned from the front, but also educating students.

    The head of the public relations department of the Western Russian Union of Seventh-day Adventist Christians, Evgeny Ekimov, noted the importance of the contribution of home front workers to the victory and the need to highly value their work.

    Maria Mchedlova, head of the Department of Comparative Political Science at the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences at RUDN University and chief research fellow at the Institute of Sociology at the Federal Research Sociological Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, discussed how social service is changing today. She noted that compassion and consolation are needed not only by direct participants in the SVO, but also by their relatives who remain in the rear, and especially by those who have lost loved ones. “True believers pray not to destroy the enemy, but for the human to triumph,” she emphasized.

    Crises lead to spiritual revival, noted the head of the Center for the Study of Religion and Society Problems of the Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy Director of the Institute of Europe of the Russian Academy of Sciences for Research Roman Lunkin. According to him, each of the difficult events for the country was experienced hand in hand by the spiritual and secular authorities, and this led to a fairly large-scale rethinking and restructuring of public consciousness.

    The war has moved from the historical to the value plane, emphasized the adviser to the head of the Federal Agency for Nationalities Aikaz Mikaelyan. “This is the most key value factor, because the memory of the Great Patriotic War is part of the family identity of each person. Every family in our country has such a memory. This is a large set of family values that unites us, the entire post-Soviet space. It is precisely this value understanding, work with young people – only this can guarantee victory,” he emphasized.

    Also speaking at the round table were the Chairman of the Central Spiritual Administration of Buddhists Geshe Yonten Lodoy (Sergey Kirishov), the Chairman of the Russian Union of Evangelical Christians-Baptists Petr Mitskevich, the head of the apparatus, the responsible secretary of the Spiritual Council of the Russian United Union of Christians of the Evangelical Faith (Pentecostals) Dmitry Taranov, a teacher at the Zaoksky Adventist University Dmitry Fokin, and the representative of the Russian and New Nakhichevan Diocese of the Armenian Apostolic Church, priest Gevorg Vardanyan.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI Security: St. John’s — RCMP-RNC JFO West conducts traffic stop in Corner Brook and seizes cocaine, cash, and pills; four individuals arrested

    Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police

    RCMP-RNC Joint Forces Operation (JFO) West seized a quantity of cocaine, cash, and pills at a recent traffic stop in Corner Brook. Four individuals were arrested for possession for the purpose of trafficking cocaine.

    As part of an ongoing investigation, on April 2, 2025, JFO West, with the assistance of RCMP NL’s General Investigation Section and the Royal Newfoundland Constabulary’s Patrol Services, stopped the vehicle within the city of Corner Brook.

    The driver of the vehicle, 45-year-old Sandra Callahan of Corner Brook, showed signs of alcohol impairment and refused to comply with a breath demand provided as part of an impaired driving investigation. An occupant of the vehicle, 25-year-old Bobby Sheppard of Deer Lake, resisted arrest and was found in breach of a probation order.

    Inside the vehicle, officers located and seized approximately 1.5 ounces of cocaine, a large quantity of various pills, a quantity of Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD), cash and other items consistent with possession for the purpose of drug trafficking.

    Callahan and Sheppard appear in court today both charged with possession of cocaine for the purpose of trafficking. Callahan is additionally charged with refusal of a breath demand. Sheppard is additionally charged with resisting arrest and breach of probation.

    Two other individuals were released from custody and are set to appear in court at a later date to answer to charges of possession for the purpose of trafficking cocaine.

    The investigation is continuing with further charges possible.

    JFO West, which includes dedicated police officers from both the RCMP and RNC, targets drug trafficking and organized crime on the west coast of the province.

    If you are a resident on the province’s west coast and you suspect there is drug trafficking in your neighbourhood, JFO West wants to talk with you. You can remain anonymous while speaking directly with a police officer by contacting the JFO West designated drug line at (709) 637-4221.

    Residents in other areas of the province are encouraged to contact their local police detachment to report illegal drug activities.

    MIL Security OSI –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Matthew Campbell Joins CPSC as Agency’s General Counsel

    Source: US Consumer Product Safety Commission

    Release Date: March 12, 2025

    WASHINGTON, D.C. – The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) today announced that Matthew Campbell has joined the agency as its new General Counsel.
    Campbell is an experienced litigator and most recently served in the Office of the General Counsel at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).  In that role, he represented the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services in a number of administrative law challenges under the Administrative Procedures Act.  
    Prior to his government service, Campbell was a partner at the law firm of Winston & Strawn LLP where he co-chaired the firm’s product liability and mass tort practice.  There, he focused on products liability and other complex commercial litigation matters and developed deep knowledge of various legal and regulatory issues affecting product safety.
    “Matt brings more than two decades of experience in complex commercial litigation to CPSC,” said CPSC’s Acting Chairman Peter Feldman. “The agency, and the American consumers we are charged to protect, will benefit greatly from Matt’s leadership. I thank him for his willingness to serve.” 
    Campbell holds a bachelor’s degree from the College of William and Mary and a Juris Doctor from the University of Pennsylvania Law School.

    Release Number
    25-185

    About the U.S. CPSCThe U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is charged with protecting the public from unreasonable risk of injury associated with the use of thousands of types of consumer products. Deaths, injuries, and property damage from consumer product-related incidents cost the nation more than $1 trillion annually. Since the CPSC was established more than 50 years ago, it has worked to ensure the safety of consumer products, which has contributed to a decline in injuries associated with these products. 
    Federal law prohibits any person from selling products subject to a Commission ordered recall or a voluntary recall undertaken in consultation with the CPSC.
    For lifesaving information:

    Report an unsafe product

    The link you selected is for a destination outside of the Federal Government. CPSC does not control this external site or its privacy policy and cannot attest to the accuracy of the information it contains. You may wish to review the privacy policy of the external site as its information collection practices may differ from ours. Linking to this external site does not constitute an endorsement of the site or the information it contains by CPSC or any of its employees.
    Click Ok if you wish to continue to the website; otherwise, click Cancel to return to our site.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Brien Lorenze Joins CPSC as Agency’s Executive Director

    Source: US Consumer Product Safety Commission

    Release Date: March 06, 2025

    WASHINGTON, D.C. – The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) today announced that Brien Lorenze has joined the agency as its new Executive Director. In this role, Lorenze serves as the chief operating officer of the agency and is responsible for its programmatic, operational, and administrative functions. He also manages the agency’s regulatory portfolio and supervises CPSC’s efforts to identify and reduce hazards to consumers. 
    Lorenze has more than two decades of experience leading start-ups and established organizations focusing on strategy, collaboration and addressing complex technical challenges. He most recently served as a senior advisor in the Treasury Department’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network.  Prior to that, he was Chief Data Officer for the Pandemic Response Accountability Committee, which was created by Congress in 2020 to provide oversight of pandemic relief spending. 
    Prior to entering public service, Lorenze served as a principal at Deloitte, where he held several roles, including leading the Global Public Sector advisory business and founding a cloud-based solution that used advanced data analytics to detect waste, fraud, and abuse.  He also held leadership positions at BearingPoint and IBM Global Services. 
    “Brien is an extremely accomplished executive with experience in the public and private sectors. He understands how large organizations work and how to make them work better,” said CPSC’s Acting Chairman Peter Feldman. “The future for agencies like CPSC will require us to leverage technology to make our work more effective and more efficient. We are lucky to have Brien join CPSC to help lead our efforts at such an important moment.” 
    Lorenze received a Master of Public Administration from The George Washington University and a Bachelor of Science in Business at the University of Colorado-Boulder.

    Release Number
    25-175

    About the U.S. CPSCThe U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is charged with protecting the public from unreasonable risk of injury associated with the use of thousands of types of consumer products. Deaths, injuries, and property damage from consumer product-related incidents cost the nation more than $1 trillion annually. Since the CPSC was established more than 50 years ago, it has worked to ensure the safety of consumer products, which has contributed to a decline in injuries associated with these products. 
    Federal law prohibits any person from selling products subject to a Commission ordered recall or a voluntary recall undertaken in consultation with the CPSC.
    For lifesaving information:

    Report an unsafe product

    The link you selected is for a destination outside of the Federal Government. CPSC does not control this external site or its privacy policy and cannot attest to the accuracy of the information it contains. You may wish to review the privacy policy of the external site as its information collection practices may differ from ours. Linking to this external site does not constitute an endorsement of the site or the information it contains by CPSC or any of its employees.
    Click Ok if you wish to continue to the website; otherwise, click Cancel to return to our site.

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: Commissioner Peter A. Feldman Becomes Acting Chairman of U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

    Source: US Consumer Product Safety Commission

    WASHINGTON, D.C. –  The U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission announced today that Commissioner Peter A. Feldman has been named Acting Chairman of the agency effective immediately.  The Commission elected Feldman to serve as Vice Chairman on January 13, 2025, and in accordance with CPSC’s statute he assumed the role of Acting Chairman when Alex Hoehn-Saric stepped down as Chair on January 21. 
    “I am excited to take on this new role at the Commission, and I am grateful for the support of my fellow Commissioners,” said Feldman.  “American families should have confidence that CPSC is hard at work for them.  Those who violate the law or import dangerous goods from abroad should be on notice: this Commission is focused and resolved to enforce our statutes.”
    Feldman has served on the Commission since October 5, 2018, after being nominated by President Donald J. Trump and confirmed by the United States Senate to complete the remainder of a term expiring in October 2019.  He was re-nominated and confirmed to a subsequent seven-year term that will expire in October 2026.  During his tenure, Feldman has focused attention on the flood of Chinese consumer goods that violate federal law and has worked to strengthen the agency’s ability to address the challenges of the modern marketplace.
    Prior to joining the Commission, Feldman was Senior Counsel to the United States Senate Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation.  He served as a key advisor to the Committee Chairman, Sen. John Thune (R-S.D.), and was instrumental in drafting and negotiating bipartisan legislation and conducting oversight and investigations of CPSC, and the Federal Trade Commission.
    As a staffer for former U.S. Sen. Mike DeWine (R-OH), Feldman worked directly on the Virginia Graeme Baker Pool and Spa Safety Act (VGBA), a landmark safety bill that addresses regulations to protect young children.  The VGBA advances one of CPSC’s core safety initiatives, Pool Safely, which includes a public education campaign and grant program to support drowning prevention initiatives at the state, local, and tribal level. 
    Feldman attended Colgate University and graduated with a B.A., cum laude.  He received his J.D., cum laude, from American University’s Washington College of Law and is a member of the Maryland Bar.
    LINK TO FULL BIO

    About the U.S. CPSCThe U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is charged with protecting the public from unreasonable risk of injury associated with the use of thousands of types of consumer products. Deaths, injuries, and property damage from consumer product-related incidents cost the nation more than $1 trillion annually. Since the CPSC was established more than 50 years ago, it has worked to ensure the safety of consumer products, which has contributed to a decline in injuries associated with these products. 
    Federal law prohibits any person from selling products subject to a Commission ordered recall or a voluntary recall undertaken in consultation with the CPSC.
    For lifesaving information:

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI USA: CPSC Issues Final Order to Amazon.com Outlining Remediation Plans for Hazardous Products

    Source: US Consumer Product Safety Commission

    Amazon Ordered to Implement Notification and Refund Remedies for Products Distributed by Amazon
    WASHINGTON, D.C. – Today, the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) unanimously issued a Decision and Order, concluding its administrative litigation with Amazon.com, Inc., a global e-commerce company with $575 billion in revenue. The Decision and Order outlines steps Amazon must take to notify purchasers and the public about hazardous products for which the Commission determined Amazon was a distributor under the Consumer Product Safety Act (CPSA).
    In July 2024, the Commission determined in a unanimous vote that Amazon was a “distributor” of certain products that are defective or fail to meet federal consumer product safety standards, and therefore bears legal responsibility for their recall. The Commission also determined that the products, listed on Amazon.com and sold by third-party sellers using the Fulfilled by Amazon program, pose a “substantial product hazard” under the CPSA. More than 400,000 products are subject to this Order: specifically, faulty carbon monoxide (CO) detectors, hairdryers without electrocution protection, and children’s sleepwear that violated federal flammability standards.
    Today’s Order requires Amazon to implement the following: 
    Notification:

    On the day CPSC publishes the recall releases, Amazon must notify the public by posting the recall releases to Amazon.com; notify original purchasers directly via email and by providing information regarding the recalls on each purchaser’s “Your Orders” page. 
    Amazon must provide one round of notice of the recalls to Fulfilled by Amazon participants that sold the subject products. 

    Incentive to Remove Products from Commerce:

    Amazon must issue a full refund in the amount of the purchase price to any consumer who submits proof of destruction or disposal of a subject product.

    Maintaining Records of Recalls:

    Amazon must maintain the recall releases on the “Recalls and Product Safety Alerts” webpage on amazon.com for a minimum of five years. 
    Amazon must submit monthly progress reports for five years and maintain records of its actions to comply with the Order for the same period.

    Further information regarding the recalls will be available to consumers on Amazon.com and CPSC.gov once the Order goes into effect.
    Overview
    On July 14, 2021, the Commission authorized an administrative complaint against Amazon alleging that the company distributed certain products that pose a substantial product hazard. The matter was initially tried before an Administrative Law Judge (ALJ) who ruled that Amazon was a “distributor,” that the products present a substantial product hazard, and that Amazon must take certain steps, including issuing recalls, to protect the public from the hazardous products. Both parties appealed the ALJ’s ruling to the Commission, which considered the record in the case and heard oral argument.
    In a Decision and Order issued on July 29, 2024, the Commission determined that Amazon distributed certain products that pose a substantial product hazard under the CPSA, and therefore bears legal responsibility for their recall. Amazon was subsequently ordered to submit proposed plans to notify purchasers and the public about the hazardous products, and to remove the products from commerce and from consumers’ possession by incentivizing their return or destruction.
    With today’s Decision and Order, the Commission has approved notification and action plans that require Amazon to notify purchasers and the public about the product hazards and provide incentives (refunds) to consumers to remove the products from commerce by destroying them.
    This Order has an effective date of January 26, 2025.   
    Background Information

    Chair and Commissioner Statements:

    Media Contacts:
    Pamela Springs – PSprings@cpsc.gov; 301-504-7425
    Nychelle Fleming – Nfleming@cpsc.gov; 301-504-7063

    About the U.S. CPSCThe U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC) is charged with protecting the public from unreasonable risk of injury associated with the use of thousands of types of consumer products. Deaths, injuries, and property damage from consumer product-related incidents cost the nation more than $1 trillion annually. Since the CPSC was established more than 50 years ago, it has worked to ensure the safety of consumer products, which has contributed to a decline in injuries associated with these products. 
    Federal law prohibits any person from selling products subject to a Commission ordered recall or a voluntary recall undertaken in consultation with the CPSC.
    For lifesaving information:

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Call for information – Aggravated robbery – Alice Springs

    Source: Northern Territory Police and Fire Services

    The Northern Territory Police Force is calling for information in relation to an aggravated robbery that occurred in Alice Springs earlier today.

    Around 11:15am, a 24-year-old female reported to police that she had been assaulted by a group of three while she was walking along Larapinta Drive near Bloomfield Street at around 11am.

    It is alleged that an adult male, a male teenager and a female teenager approached the victim and attempted to take her handbag. The victim was pulled to the ground in the struggle and the offenders allegedly kicked her repeatedly to the head and stomped on her lower leg.

    One of the offenders allegedly stole cash from the victim’s handbag before the group fled towards the Alice Springs CBD.

    A motorist driving past stopped and rendered assistance to the victim, who was subsequently conveyed to Alice Springs Hospital for treatment.

    The offenders remain outstanding, and investigations are ongoing.

    Police urge anyone with information, including those with CCTV footage or dash cam footage, to contact police on 131 444. Please quote reference P25091793. Anonymous reports can also be made through Crime Stoppers on 1800 333 000 or via https://crimestoppersnt.com.au/.

    MIL OSI News –

  • MIL-OSI Australia: Arrest – Traffic and drug offences – Nakara

    Source: Northern Territory Police and Fire Services

    The Northern Territory Police Force has arrested a 53-year-old male in relation to driving and drug offences in Nakara last week.

    Early last week, police received a number of reports in relation to vehicles hooning and conducting burnouts on the residential streets of Nakara and Casuarina areas.

    On Wednesday 26 March 2025, Darwin Traffic Operations members located one of the vehicles of interest and apprehended the driver at the front of his residence In Nakara.

    While speaking to the driver, a strong smell of Cannabis was detected emanating from his residence.

    A search warrant was subsequently obtained and executed at the residence by members of Darwin Traffic Operations and the Drug and Organised Crime Squad.

    During the search, a commercial quantity of cannabis was located, along with a trafficable quantity of cannabis plants and four Oleoresin Capsicum Sprays, which are a prohibited weapon in the Northern Territory.

    The male was arrested and charged with the following:

    • Drive a motor vehicle while unlicensed
    • Driver with a prohibited drug in body
    • Possess schedule 2 commercial quantity
    • Supply schedule 2 commercial quantity
    • Cultivate commercial quantity prohibited plant in presence of a child
    • Cultivate trafficable quantity prohibited plant
    • Possess prohibited weapon

    Senior Sergeant Devrim Kanyilmaz said, “The actions of this individual are unacceptable.

    “Not only does hooning put other road users at risk, but the supply and distribution of an illicit substance can cause significant harm to the community.

    “The NT Police Force will continue to work tirelessly to disrupt criminal behaviour and protect the community.”

    MIL OSI News –