NewzIntel.com

Category: Middle East

  • MIL-Evening Report: What is uranium enrichment and how is it used for nuclear bombs? A scientist explains

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Kaitlin Cook, DECRA Fellow, Department of Nuclear Physics and Accelerator Applications, Australian National University

    Uranium ore. RHJPhtotos/Shutterstock

    Late last week, Israel targeted three of Iran’s key nuclear facilities – Natanz, Isfahan and Fordow, killing several Iranian nuclear scientists. The facilities are heavily fortified and largely underground, and there are conflicting reports of how much damage has been done.

    Natanz and Fordow are Iran’s uranium enrichment sites, and Isfahan provides the raw materials, so any damage to these sites would limit Iran’s ability to produce nuclear weapons.

    But what exactly is uranium enrichment and why does it raise concerns?

    To understand what it means to “enrich” uranium, you need to know a little about uranium isotopes and about splitting the atom in a nuclear fission reaction.

    What is an isotope?

    All matter is made of atoms, which in turn are made up of protons, neutrons and electrons. The number of protons is what gives atoms their chemical properties, setting apart the various chemical elements.

    Atoms have equal numbers of protons and electrons. Uranium has 92 protons, for example, while carbon has six. However, the same element can have different numbers of neutrons, forming versions of the element called isotopes.

    This hardly matters for chemical reactions, but their nuclear reactions can be wildly different.

    The difference between uranium-238 and uranium-235

    When we dig uranium out of the ground, 99.27% of it is uranium-238, which has 92 protons and 146 neutrons. Only 0.72% of it is uranium-235 with 92 protons and 143 neutrons (the remaining 0.01% are other isotopes).

    For nuclear power reactors or weapons, we need to change the isotope proportions. That’s because of the two main uranium isotopes, only uranium-235 can support a fission chain reaction: one neutron causes an atom to fission, which produces energy and some more neutrons, causing more fission, and so on.

    This chain reaction releases a tremendous amount of energy. In a nuclear weapon, the goal is to have this chain reaction occur in a fraction of a second, producing a nuclear explosion.

    In a civilian nuclear power plant, the chain reaction is controlled. Nuclear power plants currently produce 9% of the world’s power. Another vital civilian use of nuclear reactions is for producing isotopes used in nuclear medicine for the diagnosis and treatment of various diseases.

    What is uranium enrichment, then?

    To “enrich” uranium means taking the naturally found element and increasing the proportion of uranium-235 while removing uranium-238.

    There are a few ways to do this (including new inventions from Australia), but commercially, enrichment is currently done with a centrifuge. This is also the case in Iran’s facilities.

    Centrifuges exploit the fact that uranium-238 is about 1% heavier than uranium-235. They take uranium (in gas form) and use rotors to spin it at 50,000 to 70,000 rotations per minute, with the outer walls of the centrifuges moving at 400 to 500 metres per second.

    This works much like a salad spinner that throws water to the sides while the salad leaves stay in the centre. The heavier uranium-238 moves to the edges of the centrifuge, leaving the uranium-235 in the middle.

    This is only so effective, so the spinning process is done over and over again, building up the percentage of the uranium-235.

    Most civilian nuclear reactors use “low enriched uranium” that’s been enriched to between 3% and 5%. This means that 3–5% of the total uranium in the sample is now uranium-235. That’s enough to sustain a chain reaction and make electricity.

    What level of enrichment do nuclear weapons need?

    To get an explosive chain reaction, uranium-235 needs to be concentrated significantly more than the levels we use in nuclear reactors for making power or medicines.

    Technically, a nuclear weapon can be made with as little as 20% uranium-235 (known as “highly enriched uranium”), but the more the uranium is enriched, the smaller and lighter the weapon can be. Countries with nuclear weapons tend to use about 90% enriched, “weapons-grade” uranium.

    According to the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Iran has enriched large quantities of uranium to 60%. It’s actually easier to go from an enrichment of 60% to 90% than it is to get to that initial 60%. That’s because there’s less and less uranium-238 to get rid of.

    This is why Iran is considered to be at extreme risk of producing nuclear weapons, and why centrifuge technology for enrichment is kept secret.

    Ultimately, the exact same centrifuge technology that produces fuel for civilian reactors can be used to produce nuclear weapons.

    Inspectors from the IAEA monitor nuclear facilities worldwide to ensure countries are abiding by the rules set out in the global nuclear non-proliferation treaty. While Iran maintains it’s only enriching uranium for “peaceful purposes”, late last week the IAEA board ruled Iran was in breach of its obligations under the treaty.

    Kaitlin Cook receives funding from the Australian Research Council.

    – ref. What is uranium enrichment and how is it used for nuclear bombs? A scientist explains – https://theconversation.com/what-is-uranium-enrichment-and-how-is-it-used-for-nuclear-bombs-a-scientist-explains-259031

    MIL OSI Analysis – EveningReport.nz –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: 16 June 2025 Departmental update WHO launches Global Research Agenda on Knowledge Translation and Evidence-informed Policy-making

    Source: World Health Organisation

    On 15 May 2025, the World Health Organization (WHO) launched the Global Research Agenda on Knowledge Translation and Evidence-informed Policy-making. The virtual event brought together over 800 participants from 100 countries, highlighting global commitment to strengthening the use of evidence in health policy and systems decision-making.

    The webinar included expert contributions on strategies for operationalizing the agenda across diverse contexts:

    • The webinar featured a keynote address by Jeremy Farrar, Chief Scientist at WHO, who emphasized the importance of embedding research into policymaking processes. Farrar stated, “I can only see [Knowledge Translation] as becoming more central and more critical to WHO’s function, not just in the role as Chief Scientist, but because this is something I have so passionately believed in and supporting of the team that have driven this forward, and I will continue that.”
    • The event also included a panel discussion with distinguished speakers who shared their insights on implementing the Global Research Agenda. Tikki Pang, Visiting Professor at the National University of Singapore, highlighted the role of Asian philanthropy in supporting research initiatives. Pang noted, “I think the funding stream that’s looking promising […] is the potential role of Asian philanthropies, […] especially through an organization called the APC, the Asian Philanthropy Circle. And what they try to do is to link researchers with potential funders amongst Asia’s leading philanthropies.”
    • Angela Bednarek, Director of Scientific Advancement at the Pew Charitable Trust, underscored the significance of investing sustainably in research that informs policy and practice. Bednarek remarked, “I’m hopeful that with a really comprehensive and accessible agenda like this one we’ll see even more funders recognize these as valuable areas of investment […]. For those seeking funding, I encourage embracing unusual partnerships. These questions transcend geography and issue areas.”
    • Walid Ammar, Director at the Université St Joseph in Lebanon and former Director General of the Lebanese Ministry of Public Health, discussed the need for active engagement of stakeholders in adapting the Global Research Agenda to regional contexts. Ammar stated, “A critical first step in adapting the Global Research Agenda to regional and national context would be the active engagement of research institutions, government bodies and other relevant stakeholders in the adaptation process.”
    • Rose Oronje, Director of Public Policy and Knowledge Translation at the African Institute for Development Policy, stressed the importance of involving groups already engaged in knowledge translation. Oronje stated, “An important part is bringing on board groups that are already very much involved in knowledge translation, […] groups that would steer the contextualization of this global agenda to the region.”
    • Donald Simeon, Director of the Caribbean Centre for Health Systems Research and Development, emphasized the importance of widespread acceptance and buy-in from regional stakeholders. Simeon commented, “The first step must be to ensure that there is widespread acceptance of the agenda among national and regional stakeholders, that is, they must be convinced of the value of the agenda before there is really true buy-in.”
    • Kathryn Oliver, Professor of Evidence and Policy at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, highlighted the need to share existing knowledge and lessons learned. Oliver remarked, “Although we have identified a number of evidence gaps through this research, we know a huge amount already, and one of the key lessons for researchers in this field is, we need to learn better how to share the lessons that we have already generated.”

    During the event, the Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR) announced a call for research proposals aligned with the Global Research Agenda.

    The call targets researchers from low- and middle-income countries working in public health institutions under ministries of health, universities, research institutes or nongovernmental organizations. Applications are open via the eTDR platform until 3 July 2025. Selected projects will receive phased funding beginning in 2025, with completion expected by January 2027.

    WHO encourages all stakeholders to align national and regional research agendas with the Global Research Agenda and to foster collaboration across sectors. This alignment aims to enhance the efficiency and relevance of health research and reduce duplication and research waste.

    Further information, including the webinar recording and related resources, is available on the Global Research Agenda website.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-Evening Report: Issa Amro: Youth Against Settlements – ‘life is very hard, the Israeli soldiers act like militia’

    RNZ News

    Palestinian advocate Issa Amro has been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize this year for his decades of work advocating for peaceful resistance against Israel’s illegal settlements in the occupied West Bank.

    The settlements are illegal under international law — and a record 45 were established last year under cover of the war on Gaza,

    Advocacy against the settlements has seen Amro become a target.

    He is based in the occupied West Bank, in Hebron — a city of about 250,000 mostly Palestinian people. He founded Youth Against Settlements.

    He paints a picture about what daily life is like.

    “Our life in West Bank was very hard and difficult before October 7 [2023 – the date of the Hamas resistance movement attack on southern Israel]. And after October 7, life became much harder. . . .

    ‘Daily harassment, violence’
    “So there are hard conditions. No jobs. No work. No movement in the West Bank. Schools are affected . . . There is daily harassment and violence — they attack the Palestinian villages, they attack the Palestinian cities, they attack the Palestinian roads.

    “In my city Hebron, it has got much, much harder. People are not able to leave their homes because of the closure of the checkpoints. The [Israeli] soldiers are very mean and adversarial . . .

    “The soldiers close the checkpoints whenever they want. In fact, the soldiers act like militia, not like a regular army.

    “My house was attacked in the last 20 months . . . ”

    • At least 55,104 people, including at least 17,400 children, have been killed in Israel’s war on Gaza. At least 943 Palestinians, more than 200 of them minors, have been killed in the occupied West Bank.

    This article is republished under a community partnership agreement with RNZ.

    MIL OSI Analysis – EveningReport.nz –

  • MIL-OSI Africa: The European Union helps boosting Egypt’s green transition


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    On 15 June, the European Union and the Government of Egypt will launch the EU-Egypt Investment Guarantee for Development Mechanism. This platform will attract investments to high impact projects in areas such as clean energy, water and wastewater management and sustainable agriculture. It will also support digital transformation, and the development of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The platform aims to mobilise up to €5 billion in investments by 2027.

    This includes €1.8 billion announced as part of the EU-Egypt Strategic and Comprehensive Partnership. To achieve this, the platform will leverage EU resources from the European Fund for Sustainable Development Plus (EFSD+). It will also draw resources from European and International Financial Institutions (IFIs) that implement EU guarantees in close coordination with Member States and the private sector. It marks a key milestone under the EU-Egypt Strategic and Comprehensive Partnership and contributes to the EU’s Global Gateway strategy.

    Distributed by APO Group on behalf of Delegation of the European Union to Egypt.

    MIL OSI Africa –

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Banque de Développement des États de l’Afrique Centrale (BDEAC) secures EUR 100-million trade finance facility from Afreximbank

    African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) (www.Afreximbank.com) has signed an agreement to provide the Banque de Développement des États de l’Afrique Centrale (BDEAC) with EUR 100-million trade finance facility to support critical regional integration projects in the Central African Economic and Monetary Community (CEMAC). The facility would also support the upgrading of trade-enabling infrastructure in the CEMAC region.

    The agreement was signed in Abuja, Nigeria, on June 5, 2025 on the sidelines of the official launch of the African Medical Centre of Excellence (AMCE). Prof. Benedict Oramah, Afreximbank’s President and Chairman of the Board of Directors, signed for the Bank, while Dieudonné Evou Mekou, President of BDEAC, signed for his organization.

    Speaking after the signing, Prof. Oramah highlighted the significance of the facility in strengthening regional integration, saying, “This facility marks another significant milestone in Afreximbank’s efforts to deepen trade and investment, as well as close the trade-enabling infrastructure gap in the CEMAC region. With this line of credit, Afreximbank and BDEAC are sending a strong message to our people that it is through strong partnerships and by pooling our resources that we can collectively transform the economic fortunes of our people.”

    On his part, BDEAC President, Dieudonné Evou Mekou welcomed the signing of the new facility, noting that: “It confirms the excellent quality of the partnership between BDEAC and Afreximbank – two institutions at the forefront of financing African economies.  The establishment of this credit line will enable BDEAC to strengthen and diversify its interventions in the CEMAC zone, thereby contributing more significantly to regional economic integration, sustainable development, and the improvement of living conditions for the populations, in accordance with Strategic Orientation N°1 of the AZOBE 2023-2027 Strategic Plan.”

    The advent of this new facility confirms the excellent quality of the partnership relations that exist between the two financial institutions dedicated to African economies.”

    BDEAC is the regional development finance institution for the CEMAC regional block and has had a long-standing partnership with Afreximbank.

    Distributed by APO Group on behalf of Afreximbank.

    Media Contact:
    Vincent Musumba
    Communications and Events Manager (Media Relations)
    Email: press@afreximbank.com

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    About Afreximbank:
    African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) is a Pan-African multilateral financial institution mandated to finance and promote intra- and extra-African trade. For over 30 years, the Bank has been deploying innovative structures to deliver financing solutions that support the transformation of the structure of Africa’s trade, accelerating industrialisation and intra-regional trade, thereby boosting economic expansion in Africa. A stalwart supporter of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA), Afreximbank has launched a Pan-African Payment and Settlement System (PAPSS) that was adopted by the African Union (AU) as the payment and settlement platform to underpin the implementation of the AfCFTA. Working with the AfCFTA Secretariat and the AU, the Bank has set up a US$10 billion Adjustment Fund to support countries effectively participating in the AfCFTA. At the end of December 2024, Afreximbank’s total assets and contingencies stood at over US$40.1 billion, and its shareholder funds amounted to US$7.2 billion. Afreximbank has investment grade ratings assigned by GCR (international scale) (A), Moody’s (Baa1), China Chengxin International Credit Rating Co., Ltd (CCXI) (AAA), Japan Credit Rating Agency (JCR) (A-) and Fitch (BBB-). Afreximbank has evolved into a group entity comprising the Bank, its equity impact fund subsidiary called the Fund for Export Development Africa (FEDA), and its insurance management subsidiary, AfrexInsure (together, “the Group”). The Bank is headquartered in Cairo, Egypt.

    For more information, visit: www.Afreximbank.com

    MIL OSI Africa –

  • MIL-Evening Report: Iran war: from the Middle East to America, history shows you cannot assassinate your way to peace

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Matt Fitzpatrick, Professor in International History, Flinders University

    In the late 1960s, the prevailing opinion among Israeli Shin Bet intelligence officers was that the key to defeating the Palestinian Liberation Organisation was to assassinate its then-leader Yasser Arafat.

    The elimination of Arafat, the Shin Bet commander Yehuda Arbel wrote in his diary, was “a precondition to finding a solution to the Palestinian problem.”

    For other, even more radical Israelis – such as the ultra-nationalist assassin Yigal Amir – the answer lay elsewhere. They sought the assassination of Israeli leaders such as Yitzak Rabin who wanted peace with the Palestinians.

    Despite Rabin’s long personal history as a famed and often ruthless military commander in the 1948 and 1967 Arab-Israeli Wars, Amir stalked and shot Rabin dead in 1995. He believed Rabin had betrayed Israel by signing the Oslo Accords peace deal with Arafat.

    It’s been 20 years since Arafat died as possibly the victim of polonium poisoning, and 30 years after the shooting of Rabin. Peace between Israelis and the Palestinians has never been further away.

    What Amnesty International and a United Nations Special Committee have called genocidal attacks on Palestinians in Gaza have spilled over into Israeli attacks on the prominent leaders of its enemies in Lebanon and, most recently, Iran.

    Since its attacks on Iran began on Friday, Israel has killed numerous military and intelligence leaders, including Iran’s intelligence chief, Mohammad Kazemi; the chief of the armed forces, Mohammad Bagheri; and the commander of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps, Hossein Salami. At least nine Iranian nuclear scientists have also been killed.

    Israel’s Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu reportedly said:

    We got their chief intelligence officer and his deputy in Tehran.

    Iran, predictably, has responded with deadly missile attacks on Israel.

    Far from having solved the issue of Middle East peace, assassinations continue to pour oil on the flames.

    A long history of extra-judicial killings

    Israeli journalist Ronen Bergman’s book Rise and Kill First argues assassinations have long sat at the heart of Israeli politics.

    In the past 75 years, there have been more than 2,700 assassination operations undertaken by Israel. These have, in Bergman’s words, attempted to “stop history” and bypass “statesmanship and political discourse”.

    This normalisation of assassinations has been codified in the Israeli expression of “mowing the grass”. This is, as historian Nadim Rouhana has shown, a metaphor for a politics of constant assassination. Enemy “leadership and military facilities must regularly be hit in order to keep them weak.”

    The point is not to solve the underlying political questions at issue. Instead, this approach aims to sow fear, dissent and confusion among enemies.

    Thousands of assassination operations have not, however, proved sufficient to resolve the long-running conflict between Israel, its neighbours and the Palestinians. The tactic itself is surely overdue for retirement.

    Targeted assassinations elsewhere

    Israel has been far from alone in this strategy of assassination and killing.

    Former US President Barack Obama oversaw the extra-judicial killing of Osama Bin Laden, for instance.

    After what Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch denounced as a flawed trial, former US President George W. Bush welcomed the hanging of Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein as “an important milestone on Iraq’s course to becoming a democracy”.

    Current US President Donald Trump oversaw the assassination of Iran’s leader of clandestine military operations, Qassem Soleimani, in 2020.

    More recently, however, Trump appears to have baulked at granting Netanyahu permission to kill Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

    And it’s worth noting the US Department of Justice last year brought charges against an Iranian man who said he’d been tasked with killing Trump.

    Elsewhere, in Vladimir Putin’s Russia, it’s common for senior political and media opponents to be shot in the streets. Frequently they also “fall” out of high windows, are killed in plane crashes or succumb to mystery “illnesses”.

    A poor record

    Extra-judicial killings, however, have a poor record as a mechanism for solving political problems.

    Cutting off the hydra’s head has generally led to its often immediate replacement by another equally or more ideologically committed person, as has already happened in Iran. Perhaps they too await the next round of “mowing the grass”.

    But as the latest Israeli strikes in Iran and elsewhere show, solving the underlying issue is rarely the point.

    In situations where finding a lasting negotiated settlement would mean painful concessions or strategic risks, assassinations prove simply too tempting. They circumvent the difficulties and complexities of diplomacy while avoiding the need to concede power or territory.

    As many have concluded, however, assassinations have never killed resistance. They have never killed the ideas and experiences that give birth to resistance in the first place.

    Nor have they offered lasting security to those who have ordered the lethal strike.

    Enduring security requires that, at some point, someone grasp the nettle and look to the underlying issues.

    The alternative is the continuation of the brutal pattern of strike and counter-strike for generations to come.

    The Conversation

    Matt Fitzpatrick receives funding from the Australian Research Council.

    – ref. Iran war: from the Middle East to America, history shows you cannot assassinate your way to peace – https://theconversation.com/iran-war-from-the-middle-east-to-america-history-shows-you-cannot-assassinate-your-way-to-peace-259038

    MIL OSI Analysis – EveningReport.nz –

  • MIL-Evening Report: How does Israel’s famous air defence work? It’s not just the ‘Iron Dome’

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By James Dwyer, Lecturer, School of Social Sciences, University of Tasmania

    Israeli defence systems intercept Iranian missiles over the city of Haifa Ahmad Gharabli / AFP via Getty Images

    Late last week, Israel began a wave of attacks on Iran under the banner of Operation Rising Lion, with the stated goal of crippling the Islamic republic’s nuclear program and long-range strike capabilities. At the outset, Israel claimed Iran would soon be able to build nine nuclear weapons, a situation Israel regarded as completely unacceptable.

    Following Israeli strikes against Iranian nuclear facilities, and targeted assassinations of Iranian nuclear scientists and key members of the Iranian armed forces, Iran retaliated with a large barrage of ballistic missiles and drones against Tel Aviv and Jerusalem. The first wave consisted of some 200 ballistic missiles and 200 drones.

    The conflict continues to escalate, with population centres increasingly being targeted. Israel’s missile defence systems (including the vaunted Iron Dome) have so far staved off most of Iran’s attacks, but the future is uncertain.

    Ballistic missiles and how to stop them

    Iran possesses a large arsenal of ballistic missiles and long-range drones, alongside other long-range weapons such as cruise missiles. Ballistic missiles travel on a largely fixed path steered by gravity, while cruise missiles can adjust their course as they fly.

    Iran is approximately 1,000km from Israel, so the current strikes mostly involve what are classified as medium-range ballistic missiles, alongside long-range drones. It is not clear exactly what type of missile Iran has used in its latest strikes, but the country has several including the Fattah-1 and Emad.

    It is very difficult to defend against ballistic missiles. There is not much time between launch and impact, and they come down at very high speed. The longer the missile’s range, the faster and higher it flies.

    An incoming missile presents a small, fast-moving target – and defenders may have little time to react.

    Israel’s missile defence and the Iron Dome

    Israel possesses arguably one of the most effective, battle-tested air defence systems in service today. The system is often described in the media as the “Iron Dome”, but this is not quite correct.

    Israel’s defences have several layers, each designed to address threats coming from different ranges.

    Iron Dome is just one of these layers: a short range, anti-artillery defence system, designed to intercept short-range artillery shells and rockets.

    In essence, Iron Dome consists of a network of radar emitters, command and control facilities, and the interceptors (special surface-to-air missiles). The radar quickly detects incoming threats, the command and control elements decide which are most pressing, and the interceptors are sent to destroy the incoming shells or rockets.

    Ballistic defence systems

    The other layers of Israel’s defence system include David’s Sling, and the Arrow 2 and Arrow 3 interceptors. These are specifically designed to engage longer-range ballistic missiles, both within the atmosphere and at very high altitudes above it (known as exoatmospheric interception).

    Spectacular footage has been captured of what are likely exoatmospheric interceptions taking place during this latest conflict, demonstrating Israel’s capacity to engage longer-range missiles.

    The US military has comparable missile defence systems. The US Army has the Patriot PAC-3 (comparable to David’s Sling) and THAAD (comparable to Arrow 2), while the US Navy has the Aegis and the SM-3 (comparable to Arrow 3) and the SM-6 (comparable again to Arrow 2).

    The US deployed Aegis-equipped warships to support Israel’s defence against missile attacks in 2024, and appears to be preparing to do the same now.

    Iran possesses some air defence systems such as the Russian S300 which has some (very limited) ballistic missile defence capabilities, but only against shorter range (and thus slower) ballistic missiles. Further, Israel has been focusing on degrading Iran’s air defences, so it is not clear how many are still operational.

    Iran has been focusing on developing technology such as maneuverable warheads, which are harder to defend against. However, it is not clear whether these are yet operational and in Iranian service.

    Can missile defences last forever?

    Missile defences are finite. The defender is always limited by the number of interceptors it possesses.

    The attacker is also limited by the number of missiles it possesses. However, the defender must often assign multiple interceptors to each attacking missile, in case the first misses or otherwise fails.

    The attacker will plan for some losses to interceptors (or mechanical failures) and send what it determines to be enough missiles for at least some to penetrate the defences.

    When it comes to ballistic missiles, the advantage lies with the attacker. Ballistic missiles can carry large explosive payloads (or even nuclear warheads), so even a handful of missiles “leaking” past defensive systems can still wreak significant damage.

    What now?

    Israel’s missile defences are unlikely to stop working completely. However, as attacks deplete its stocks of interceptors, the system may become less effective.

    As the conflict continues, it may become a race to see who runs out of weapons first. Will it be Iran’s stocks of ballistic missiles and drones, or the interceptors and anti-air munitions of Israel, the US and any other supporters?

    It is impossible to say who would prevail in such a race of stockpile attrition. Some reports suggest Iran has fired approximately 1,000 ballistic missiles of an estimated 3,000. However, this still leaves it with an enormous stockpile to use, and it is unclear how fast Iran can make new missiles to replenish its resources.

    But we should hope it doesn’t come to that. Beyond the tit-for-tat exchange of missiles, the latest conflict between Israel and Iran risks escalating. If it is not resolved soon, and if the US is drawn into the conflict more directly, we may see broader conflict in the Middle East.

    The Conversation

    James Dwyer does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. How does Israel’s famous air defence work? It’s not just the ‘Iron Dome’ – https://theconversation.com/how-does-israels-famous-air-defence-work-its-not-just-the-iron-dome-259029

    MIL OSI Analysis – EveningReport.nz –

  • Indian stock market opens in green, defies geopolitical tensions

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Indian equity indices opened in the green on Monday despite rising tensions in the Middle East, with early trade showing no signs of panic among investors.

    As of 9:21 a.m., the Sensex was up by 265.05 points or 0.33 per cent at 81,396.52, while the Nifty rose by 93.40 points or 0.38 per cent to reach 24,812.

    Buying interest was observed in both the midcap and smallcap segments. The Nifty Midcap 100 index rose by 65.45 points or 0.11 per cent to 58,292.50, while the Nifty Smallcap 100 index gained 17.15 points or 0.09 per cent to reach 18,391.95.

    According to analysts, the ongoing Israel-Iran conflict has introduced uncertainty and a risk-off sentiment in global markets.

    “The safe-haven demand is keeping gold firm, but the dollar continues to remain weak. Interestingly, there is no panic in equity markets,” said V.K. Vijayakumar, Chief Investment Strategist at Geojit Financial Services.

    Markets, he noted, will face severe pressure only if Iran closes the Strait of Hormuz, triggering a sharp spike in crude prices. However, he added that this currently appears to be a low-probability scenario.

    On the sectoral front, IT, financial services, pharma, FMCG, metal, energy, infrastructure, and public sector enterprises (PSEs) emerged as major gainers. On the other hand, auto, PSU banks, metal, and realty stocks witnessed some profit-booking.

    Within the Sensex pack, top gainers included Power Grid, UltraTech Cement, L&T, HCL Tech, Asian Paints, Bharti Airtel, TCS, Infosys, NTPC, and Tech Mahindra. Among the major losers were Tata Motors, Axis Bank, Kotak Mahindra Bank, Sun Pharma, M&M, SBI, and Maruti Suzuki.

    Given the current environment of heightened volatility and geopolitical uncertainty, market experts are advising traders to adopt a cautious approach, particularly with leveraged positions.

    “Partial profit-booking during rallies and the use of tight trailing stop-losses is recommended,” said Aakash Shah of Choice Broking.

    Asian markets were trading mixed. Tokyo, Shanghai, Seoul, and Jakarta were in the green, while Bangkok and Hong Kong were trading in the red. On Friday, US markets closed in negative territory.

    From an institutional standpoint, foreign institutional investors (FIIs) were net sellers on June 13, offloading equities worth ₹1,263 crore. Meanwhile, domestic institutional investors (DIIs) remained net buyers, purchasing equities worth ₹3,041 crore.

    Analysts believe the prevailing trend of steady retail participation and sustained fund inflows into mutual funds will keep valuations elevated over the long term. Consequently, they suggest that long-term investors consider using this risk-off phase to accumulate relatively undervalued stocks, particularly in the financial sector.

    — IANS

  • Britain appoints first female head of MI6 spy agency

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Britain on Sunday named Blaise Metreweli, a career intelligence officer, as the first female head of the Secret Intelligence Service, the foreign spy service known as MI6.

    Metreweli, 47, who is currently MI6’s head of technology, known as “Q”, joined the Secret Intelligence Service in 1999, and has spent most of her career in operational roles in the Middle East and Europe, the government said in a statement.

    Richard Moore, the current chief of MI6, will step down in the autumn after a five-year tenure.

    “I am proud and honoured to be asked to lead my service,” said Metreweli, who takes on one of the most powerful jobs in Western intelligence and will be known by the code name “C”.

    MI6, founded in 1909, joins the other main British spy agencies, the domestic spy service MI5, and the intelligence communications agency GCHQ, in having appointed a female head.

    Prime Minister Keir Starmer, who is currently in Canada for the G7 summit, said Metreweli’s appointment comes when Britain is “facing threats on an unprecedented scale”.

    “I know Blaise will continue to provide the excellent leadership needed to defend our country,” he said.

    Metreweli’s biggest challenges are likely to be dealing with Russia, China and Iran.

    Britain’s spy agencies have accused Russia of waging a campaign of sabotage across Europe to scare other countries off from backing Ukraine in its fight against a Russian invasion.

    Moore in 2021 said China was the single greatest priority for his spy agency, while MI5 said last year that Iran had been behind 20 plots to kill, kidnap or target dissidents or political opponents in Britain since 2022.

    MI6, depicted by novelists as the employer of some of the most memorable fictional spies, from John le Carré’s George Smiley to Ian Fleming’s James Bond, operates overseas and is tasked with defending Britain and its interests.

    Metreweli previously held a director-level role in MI5, and studied anthropology at the University of Cambridge, the government said.

    MI5 has had two female bosses, starting with Stella Rimington in 1992. Eliza Manningham-Buller ran MI5 between 2002 and 2007.

    In 2023, Britain named its first female director of GCHQ.

    Metreweli’s appointment comes three decades after the actress Judi Dench first played a female boss of MI6 in the James Bond film “GoldenEye”.

    (Reuters)

  • India-Cyprus relations: expanding defence and economic ties

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    India and the Republic of Cyprus (RoC) have continued to deepen their bilateral engagement with steady progress in defence and economic cooperation in recent years. Building on shared strategic interests, the two countries have laid down frameworks to expand collaboration in key sectors, while also reaffirming their commitment to a rules-based international order.

    In the area of defence, the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Defence Cooperation on December 29, 2022, during External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar’s visit to Cyprus, marked a significant development. The agreement has since been followed by the signing of a Bilateral Defence Cooperation Programme (BDCP) for 2025, which took place in Nicosia on January 23, 2025. The programme aims to enhance structured cooperation in defence and military exchanges.

    In a reflection of this growing engagement, a Cypriot defence delegation led by Anna Aristotelous, Permanent Secretary of the Defence Ministry of RoC, participated in Aero India 2025 held in Bengaluru from February 10–14. On the sidelines of the event, Aristotelous held discussions with Minister of State for Defence, Sanjay Seth, to explore ways to further deepen defence ties.

    Defence diplomacy between the two nations is also supported by India’s concurrent accreditation of its Defence Attaché to the Republic of Cyprus, based at the Embassy of India in Cairo.

    On the economic front, bilateral trade has shown resilience despite global challenges. According to the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA), trade between India and Cyprus in 2023–24 stood at USD 137 million. Key Indian exports to Cyprus include pharmaceuticals, textiles, ceramic products, iron and steel, machinery, and chemicals. Meanwhile, Cyprus exports pharmaceuticals, beverages, and various manufactured goods to India.

    While trade volumes were impacted by the disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, both sides remain engaged in efforts to revive economic flows and encourage greater investments. Cyprus continues to be an important partner in the Foreign Direct Investment space for India, and several Indian firms view Cyprus as a strategic gateway to the European Union.

  • MIL-OSI Russia: 244 killed, 1,277 injured in Israeli strikes on Iran – Health Ministry

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    TEHRAN, June 16 (Xinhua) — Israeli airstrikes in Iran have killed 244 people in the past 65 hours, Iranian Health Ministry spokesman Hossein Kermanpour said Sunday.

    On the social network X, he noted that women and children were among the dead. 1,277 people were hospitalized.

    More than 90 percent of the victims were civilians, he added.

    Israel launched airstrikes on Tehran and several other Iranian cities early Friday morning, killing several of the country’s top military commanders and nuclear scientists. Strikes continued in parts of Iran on Saturday and Sunday.

    In response, Iran has launched missile strikes on a series of targets in Israel since Friday, causing casualties and significant damage. –0–

    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Afreximbank acts as global coordinator and mandated lead arranger for $1.6bn facility for Suriname’s Staatsolie


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    African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) (www.Afreximbank.com) has acted as global coordinator and joint mandated lead arranger for a senior secured term loan facility amounting to US$1.6 billion, in favour of Staatsolie Maatschappij Suriname N.V. (Staatsolie), Suriname’s state-owned energy company, in a major boost to the country’s GranMorgu upstream offshore oil project.

    Afreximbank, Banco Latinoamericano de Comercio Exterior, S.A. (Bladex), along with another major international bank and Staatsolie signed the agreement on the 14th of May 2025. Perella Weinberg acted as an advisor to Staatsolie on the transaction.

    According to the terms of the agreement, the proceeds of the facility will support Staatsolie in partially refinancing existing debt and funding its 20 per cent working interest in the GranMorgu upstream offshore oil project.

    The transaction, the first syndicated loan for which Afreximbank has been mandated on in the Caribbean region, also represents the largest project financing transaction in Suriname’s history and paves the way for the country’s initial offshore oil production by mid-2028.

    Capital investments in the project are expected to exceed US$12 billion, with Staatsolie contributing 20 per cent, or US$2.4 billion. The expected revenue generation, depending on oil price, is projected at over US$26 billion for Staatsolie and the Government of Suriname over the operational life, significantly boosting economic development.

    The project, which stands out for its low-carbon design, featuring a fully electric floating production, storage, and offloading unit with a production capacity of 220,000 barrels per day, will more than double Staatsolie´s production, providing Suriname with royalties and dividends.

    Commenting on the transaction, Prof. Benedict Oramah, President and Chairman of the Board of Directors of Afreximbank, said that it will significantly transform the Surinamese economy. “Afreximbank is most pleased to have played a pivotal role in arranging this financing for Suriname’s Staatsolie. It marks a significant milestone in the Bank’s interventions in the Caribbean and a firm statement of intent by the Bank to support investments in strategic programmes/projects that are consequential to the transformation of the Surinamese economy. Beyond this investment, the Bank is supporting initiatives that will catalyse local participation in the country’s oil and gas sector with the aim of ensuring maximum benefits from the natural resource accrue to the indigenes of Suriname and the larger Caribbean.”

    Staatsolie is engaged in exploration, production, refining, retail fuel distribution and power generation. Staatsolie also has a working interest in two gold projects in Suriname. It seeks to develop energy resources to maximise the long-term value for Staatsolie and Suriname, energizing a bright future for Suriname

    Annand Jagesar, Managing Director of Staatsolie said: “We have built a solid foundation for Staatsolie to participate in GranMorgu and possible future projects and are embarking on a new phase of transformational growth for the company and the country.”

    BLADEX, a multinational bank founded in 1979, provides financial solutions to companies and investors doing business in Latin America. It is headquartered in Panama City and has five offices in Latin America and the United States.

    Distributed by APO Group on behalf of Afreximbank.

    Media Contact:
    Vincent Musumba
    Communications and Events Manager (Media Relations)
    Email: press@afreximbank.com

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    About Afreximbank:
    African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) is a Pan-African multilateral financial institution mandated to finance and promote intra- and extra-African trade. For over 30 years, the Bank has been deploying innovative structures to deliver financing solutions that support the transformation of the structure of Africa’s trade, accelerating industrialisation and intra-regional trade, thereby boosting economic expansion in Africa. A stalwart supporter of the African Continental Free Trade Agreement (AfCFTA), Afreximbank has launched a Pan-African Payment and Settlement System (PAPSS) that was adopted by the African Union (AU) as the payment and settlement platform to underpin the implementation of the AfCFTA. Working with the AfCFTA Secretariat and the AU, the Bank has set up a US$10 billion Adjustment Fund to support countries effectively participating in the AfCFTA. At the end of December 2024, Afreximbank’s total assets and contingencies stood at over US$40.1 billion, and its shareholder funds amounted to US$7.2 billion. Afreximbank has investment grade ratings assigned by GCR (international scale) (A), Moody’s (Baa1), China Chengxin International Credit Rating Co., Ltd (CCXI) (AAA), Japan Credit Rating Agency (JCR) (A-) and Fitch (BBB). Afreximbank has evolved into a group entity comprising the Bank, its equity impact fund subsidiary called the Fund for Export Development Africa (FEDA), and its insurance management subsidiary, AfrexInsure (together, “the Group”). The Bank is headquartered in Cairo, Egypt.

    For more information, visit: www.Afreximbank.com

    MIL OSI Africa –

  • High-level visits cement strategic partnership between India and Cyprus

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    India and the Republic of Cyprus (RoC) have sustained and deepened their bilateral relations through a series of high-level political engagements, Ministerial meetings, and institutional consultations in recent years. A statement issued by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) said that both countries have consistently reaffirmed their commitment to enhancing cooperation across a wide spectrum of areas including trade, innovation, defence, maritime, legal exchange, and digital transformation.

    The foundation of this longstanding relationship has been reinforced through key high-level visits. President Nicos Anastasiades of RoC paid a State visit to India from 24–29 April 2017, while the then President of India, Ram Nath Kovind, visited Cyprus from 2–4 September 2018. In subsequent years, bilateral ties have continued to progress through meetings between top leadership and diplomatic representatives.

    Prime Minister Narendra Modi met President Anastasiades during the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in New York on 26 September 2019 and earlier during the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) in London on 20 April 2018.

    External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar has had multiple engagements with his Cypriot counterparts in recent years. In a virtual meeting with then Foreign Minister Nikos Christodoulides on 16 February 2021, both sides expressed satisfaction over the growing trajectory of bilateral ties and agreed to maintain momentum across high-level exchanges, economic partnership, and people-to-people ties. EAM Jaishankar held further discussions with Foreign Minister Ioannis Kasoulides on the sidelines of CHOGM 2022 in Kigali and again at the 77th UNGA in New York in September 2022.

    EAM Dr. Jaishankar visited Cyprus from 29–31 December 2022. During the visit, he held meetings with Acting President and Speaker of the House of Representatives Annita Demetriou, and Foreign Minister Ioannis Kasoulides. Two key agreements were signed: a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Defence and Military Cooperation and a Declaration of Intent on a Migration and Mobility Partnership Agreement (MMPA). Additionally, RoC joined the International Solar Alliance during this visit. EAM and his counterpart also addressed an Economic and Business Forum in Limassol on 30 December 2022.

    Engagements between the two countries have continued at multilateral fora. EAM met with RoC Foreign Minister Dr. Constantinos Kombos on the sidelines of the EU-Indo Pacific Forum in Stockholm on 13 May 2023, and again during the 78th UNGA in New York on 23 September 2023, followed by another meeting during the 79th UNGA on 25 September 2024, and later during the Doha Forum on 7 December 2024.

    Minister of State for Ports, Shipping and Waterways Shantanu Thakur visited Cyprus from 8–11 October 2023 to attend the “Cyprus Maritime 2023 Conference” in Limassol. The event, inaugurated by President Nikos Christodoulides, served as a platform to discuss maritime cooperation and future shipping partnerships. On the sidelines, MoS held a bilateral meeting with the Shipping Deputy Minister Marina Hadjimanolis and also engaged with the Indian shipping community and professionals based in Cyprus.

    Dr. Nicodemos Damianou, Deputy Minister of Research, Innovation and Digital Policy of RoC, led a delegation to New Delhi from 5–6 September 2024 to participate in the “CII India Mediterranean Business Conclave.” He joined Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal and EAM Jaishankar during a ministerial session on trade and investment.

    Judicial and legal cooperation also received a boost when a high-level delegation from India, led by Justice Surya Kant and Attorney General R. Venkataramani, visited RoC to attend the Commonwealth Legal Education Association (CLEA) International Conference held at UCLan Cyprus from 7–8 October 2024.

    To institutionalize the strategic dialogue, the sixth round of Foreign Office Consultations (FOC) was held on 26 November 2024 in Nicosia.

  • High-level visits cement strategic partnership between India and Cyprus

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    India and the Republic of Cyprus (RoC) have sustained and deepened their bilateral relations through a series of high-level political engagements, Ministerial meetings, and institutional consultations in recent years. A statement issued by the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) said that both countries have consistently reaffirmed their commitment to enhancing cooperation across a wide spectrum of areas including trade, innovation, defence, maritime, legal exchange, and digital transformation.

    The foundation of this longstanding relationship has been reinforced through key high-level visits. President Nicos Anastasiades of RoC paid a State visit to India from 24–29 April 2017, while the then President of India, Ram Nath Kovind, visited Cyprus from 2–4 September 2018. In subsequent years, bilateral ties have continued to progress through meetings between top leadership and diplomatic representatives.

    Prime Minister Narendra Modi met President Anastasiades during the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) in New York on 26 September 2019 and earlier during the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting (CHOGM) in London on 20 April 2018.

    External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar has had multiple engagements with his Cypriot counterparts in recent years. In a virtual meeting with then Foreign Minister Nikos Christodoulides on 16 February 2021, both sides expressed satisfaction over the growing trajectory of bilateral ties and agreed to maintain momentum across high-level exchanges, economic partnership, and people-to-people ties. EAM Jaishankar held further discussions with Foreign Minister Ioannis Kasoulides on the sidelines of CHOGM 2022 in Kigali and again at the 77th UNGA in New York in September 2022.

    EAM Dr. Jaishankar visited Cyprus from 29–31 December 2022. During the visit, he held meetings with Acting President and Speaker of the House of Representatives Annita Demetriou, and Foreign Minister Ioannis Kasoulides. Two key agreements were signed: a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) on Defence and Military Cooperation and a Declaration of Intent on a Migration and Mobility Partnership Agreement (MMPA). Additionally, RoC joined the International Solar Alliance during this visit. EAM and his counterpart also addressed an Economic and Business Forum in Limassol on 30 December 2022.

    Engagements between the two countries have continued at multilateral fora. EAM met with RoC Foreign Minister Dr. Constantinos Kombos on the sidelines of the EU-Indo Pacific Forum in Stockholm on 13 May 2023, and again during the 78th UNGA in New York on 23 September 2023, followed by another meeting during the 79th UNGA on 25 September 2024, and later during the Doha Forum on 7 December 2024.

    Minister of State for Ports, Shipping and Waterways Shantanu Thakur visited Cyprus from 8–11 October 2023 to attend the “Cyprus Maritime 2023 Conference” in Limassol. The event, inaugurated by President Nikos Christodoulides, served as a platform to discuss maritime cooperation and future shipping partnerships. On the sidelines, MoS held a bilateral meeting with the Shipping Deputy Minister Marina Hadjimanolis and also engaged with the Indian shipping community and professionals based in Cyprus.

    Dr. Nicodemos Damianou, Deputy Minister of Research, Innovation and Digital Policy of RoC, led a delegation to New Delhi from 5–6 September 2024 to participate in the “CII India Mediterranean Business Conclave.” He joined Commerce Minister Piyush Goyal and EAM Jaishankar during a ministerial session on trade and investment.

    Judicial and legal cooperation also received a boost when a high-level delegation from India, led by Justice Surya Kant and Attorney General R. Venkataramani, visited RoC to attend the Commonwealth Legal Education Association (CLEA) International Conference held at UCLan Cyprus from 7–8 October 2024.

    To institutionalize the strategic dialogue, the sixth round of Foreign Office Consultations (FOC) was held on 26 November 2024 in Nicosia.

  • MIL-OSI Security: Montréal — Collecteur Project: a vast money laundering network dismantled

    Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police

    UPDATE 2020-10-01

    On September 28, 2020, Victor Vargotskii was arrested in Argentina on an international arrest warrant. Francisco Javier Jimenez Guerrero was arrested on October 24, 2019 in Spain.

    Yesterday, RCMP police officers arrested 17 individuals involved in a vast international money laundering network. This major investigation targeted a criminal organization in Montréal and Toronto. The raid mobilized more than 300 police officers and partners.

    The investigation was led by the Integrated Proceeds of Crime unit, in cooperation with RCMP investigators from Ontario and the Canada Revenue Agency (CRA). The investigation was conducted from 2016 to 2018 following information received from the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA).

    An elaborate money‑laundering scheme

    The network’s members facilitated the collection of money from criminal groups in Montréal and then laundered the results of their illegal business. In particular, the network offered a money transfer service to drug exporting countries.

    The network moved money that was collected in Montréal through various individuals and currency exchange offices in Toronto. The network used an informal value transfer system (IVTS) with connections in Lebanon, the United Arab Emirates, Iran, the United States and China. The funds were then returned to drug exporting countries, such as Colombia and Mexico.

    This procedure allowed for the laundering of significant amounts of money originating from illegal activities, including drug trafficking. The criminal organizations could thus import drugs through this network.

    The scheme set up by the network for criminal purposes was identified and dismantled.

    Proceeds of crime seized

    During the investigation and the searches, police officers seized significant quantities of drugs, such as cannabis, cocaine, hashish and methamphetamine, for a market value of close to $2.2 million. Bank accounts and money in Canadian and foreign currencies was also seized, for a value of $8.7 million. The CRA also proceeded with the restraint of six properties, of an estimated value of $15 million. The RCMP also seized a considered offence-related property of an estimated value of $7 million. To date, the estimated value of the assets that were seized or restrained is more than $32.8 million.

    Individuals accused

    Charges were laid against 17 individuals, including the two individuals who are the network’s alleged leaders, Nader Gramian-Nik, 56 years old, from Vaughan (Ontario cell) and Mohamad Jaber, 51 years old, from Laval (Quebec cell).

    Quebec cell

    • Mohamad Jaber, 51 years old, Laval
    • Kamel Ghaddar, 39 years old, Laval
    • Eric Bradette, 36 years old, L’Assomption
    • Sergio Violetta Galvez, 43 years old, Laval
    • Alexei Parasenco, 26 years old, Montréal
    • Victor Vargotskii, 56 years old, Montréal
    • Mario Maratta 64, years old, Sainte-Sophie
    • Sorin Ehrlich, 62 years old, Montréal
    • Gary Maybee, 57 years old, Austin
    • Francisco Javier Jimenez Guerrero, 35 years old, address unknown

    Ontario cell

    • Nader Gramian-Nik, 56 years old, Vaughan
    • Tania Geramian-Nik, 28 years old, Vaughan
    • Frederick Rayman, 71 years old, Unionville
    • Sahar Shojaei, 45 years old, Thornhill
    • Thomas Hsueh, 47 years old, Thornhill
    • Mohammadreza Sheikhhassani, 55 years old, Richmond Hill
    • Shabnam Mansouri, 38 years old, Maple

    These individuals are facing a number of charges:

    • conspiracy
    • possession of drugs for the purpose of trafficking
    • instructing the commission of an offence for a criminal organization
    • commission of offence for criminal organization
    • trafficking in property obtained by crime
    • laundering proceeds of crime

    Three individuals arrested during yesterday’s operations were also interrogated and released without charges.

    Fighting organized crime

    This operation conducted by the RCMP and its partners disrupted the activities of criminal organizations that import drugs. It cut them off their money transferring network and allowed for the confiscation of significant sums.

    Public appeal

    Do you have information about the illegal activities of individuals or groups of individuals? Contact the RCMP at 514-939-8300 / 1-800-771-5401 or your local police department.

    MIL Security OSI –

  • Indian students being relocated to safer places in Iran amid escalating tensions: MEA

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Amid the escalating conflict between Iran and Israel, the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) on Monday said India is closely monitoring the situation to ensure the safety and welfare of its nationals in both countries.

    In a statement posted on X, MEA spokesperson Randhir Jaiswal said: “The Indian Embassy in Tehran is continuously monitoring the security situation and engaging Indian students in Iran to ensure their safety. In some cases, students are being relocated with the Embassy’s facilitation to safer places within Iran. Other feasible options are also under examination.”

    The MEA added that the Indian Embassy is also in contact with community leaders across Iran to assess and support the welfare of Indian citizens.

    Over 1,500 Indian students—mostly from Jammu and Kashmir—are currently stranded in Iran. Many are pursuing professional degrees such as MBBS in cities including Tehran, Shiraz, and Qom.

    On Sunday, Jammu and Kashmir’s former Chief Minister Omar Abdullah said he had spoken with External Affairs Minister S. Jaishankar regarding the safety of these students.

    Several parents have also appealed to Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Jaishankar to intervene and arrange for their children’s safe return to India.

    Earlier, the Indian Embassy in Iran issued an advisory urging all Indian nationals and Persons of Indian Origin to remain vigilant. The advisory, shared on its X account, included a Google form for individuals to register their details.

    “Please remember, it is important not to panic, exercise due caution and maintain contact with the Embassy of India in Tehran,” the embassy said.

    It also shared a Telegram link, asking Indian citizens to join the channel for real-time updates.

    (With inputs from IANS)

  • Bayern Munich shows might, topples Auckland City 10-0

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Michael Olise scored two goals with two assists, all in the first half, and Germany’s Bayern Munich was off and running toward a 10-0 victory over New Zealand’s Auckland City in a Group C opener of the FIFA Club World Cup at Cincinnati.

    Kinglesly Coman also scored a pair of first-half goals for Bayern Munich, including the opening goal of the tournament in the sixth minute, after Saturday’s game between Egypt’s Al Ahly and Inter Miami FC ended in a scoreless draw.

    Olise scored goals in the 20th minute and the third minute of first-half stoppage time. His early assists came on Coman’s second goal, for a 4-0 lead in the 22nd minute and his second came on a score from veteran Thomas Muller for a 5-0 lead in the 45th minute.

    Bayern Munich further distanced itself in the second half, with midfielder Jamal Musiala scoring three goals in a 16-minute stretch. Muller capped the scoring with a goal in the 89th minute and also had an assist on Musiala’s first goal in the 68th minute.

    The champions of the just-completed Bundesliga in Germany, Bayern Munich had possession for 71 percent of the match and had 17 shots on target to just one for Auckland City. Bayern Munich goalkeeper Manuel Neuer made one save.

    Auckland City goalkeeper Conor Tracey made seven saves.

    Bayern Munich next faces Argentina’s Boca Juniors in Group C play at Miami on Friday. Auckland City is set to face Portugal’s SL Benifica at Orlando, also on Friday.

    -Reuters

  • MIL-OSI Global: Israel’s attacks on Iran are already hurting global oil prices, and the impact is set to worsen

    Source: The Conversation – Global Perspectives – By Joaquin Vespignani, Associate Professor of Economics and Finance, University of Tasmania

    The weekend attacks on Iran’s oil facilities – widely seen as part of escalating hostilities between Israel and Iran – represent a dangerous moment for global energy security.

    While the physical damage to Iran’s production facilities is still being assessed, the broader strategic implications are already rippling through global oil markets. There is widespread concern about supply security and the inflationary consequences for both advanced and emerging economies.

    The global impact

    Iran, which holds about 9% of the world’s proven oil reserves, currently exports between 1.5 and 2 million barrels per day, primarily to China, despite long-standing United States sanctions.

    While its oil output is not as globally integrated as that of Saudi Arabia or the United Arab Emirates, any disruption to Iranian production or export routes – especially the Strait of Hormuz, through which about 20% of the world’s oil supply flows – poses a systemic risk.

    Markets have already reacted. Brent crude prices rose more than US 6%, while West Texas Intermediate price increased by over US 5% immediately after the attacks.

    These price movements reflect not only short-term supply concerns but also the addition of a geopolitical risk premium due to fears of broader regional conflict.

    International oil prices may increase further as the conflict continues. Analysts expect that Australian petrol prices will increase in the next few weeks, as domestic fuel costs respond to international benchmarks with a lag.

    Escalation and strategic intentions

    There is growing concern this conflict could escalate further. In particular, Israel may intensify its targeting of Iranian oil facilities, as part of a broader strategy to weaken Iran’s economic capacity and deter further proxy activities.

    Should this occur, it would put even more upward pressure on global oil prices. Unlike isolated sabotage events, a sustained campaign against Iranian energy infrastructure would likely lead to tighter global supply conditions. This would be a near certainty if Iranian retaliatory actions disrupt shipping routes or neighbouring producers.

    Countries most affected

    Countries reliant on oil imports – especially in Asia – are the most exposed to such shocks in the short term.

    India, Pakistan, Indonesia and Bangladesh rely heavily on Middle Eastern oil and are particularly vulnerable to both supply interruptions and price increases. These economies typically have limited strategic petroleum reserves and face external balance pressures when oil prices rise.

    China, despite being Iran’s largest oil customer, has greater insulation due to its diversified suppliers and substantial reserves.

    However, sustained instability in the Persian Gulf would raise freight and insurance costs even for Chinese refiners, especially if the Strait of Hormuz becomes a contested zone. The strait, between the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, provides the only sea access from the Persian Gulf to the open ocean.

    Australia’s exposure

    Australia does not import oil directly from Iran. Most of its crude and refined products are sourced from countries including South Korea, Malaysia, the United Arab Emirates and Singapore.

    However, because Australian fuel prices are pegged to international benchmarks such as Brent and Singapore Mogas, domestic prices will rise in response to the global increase in oil prices, regardless of whether Australian refineries process Iranian oil.

    These price increases will have flow-on effects, raising transport and freight costs across the economy. Industries such as agriculture, logistics, aviation and construction will feel the pinch, and higher operating costs are likely to be passed on to consumers.

    Broader economic impacts

    The conflict could also disrupt global shipping routes, particularly if Iran retaliates through its proxies by targeting vessels in the Red Sea, Arabian Sea, or Hormuz Strait.

    Any such disruption could drive up shipping insurance, delay delivery times, and compound existing global supply chain vulnerabilities. More broadly, this supply shock could rekindle inflationary pressures in many countries.

    For Australia, it could delay monetary easing by the Reserve Bank of Australia and reduce consumer confidence if household fuel costs rise significantly. Globally, central banks may adopt a more cautious approach to rate cuts if oil-driven inflation proves persistent.

    The attacks on Iran’s oil fields, and the likelihood of further escalation, present a renewed threat to global energy stability. Even though Australia does not import Iranian oil, it remains exposed through price transmission, supply chain effects and inflationary pressures.

    A sustained campaign targeting Iran’s energy infrastructure by Israel could amplify these risks, leading to a broader energy shock that would affect oil-importing economies worldwide.

    Strategic reserve management and diplomatic engagement will be essential to contain the fallout.

    Joaquin Vespignani is affiliated with the Centre for Australian Macroeconomic Analysis, Australian National University.

    – ref. Israel’s attacks on Iran are already hurting global oil prices, and the impact is set to worsen – https://theconversation.com/israels-attacks-on-iran-are-already-hurting-global-oil-prices-and-the-impact-is-set-to-worsen-259013

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: As war breaks out with Israel, Iran has run out of good options

    Source: The Conversation – Global Perspectives – By Ali Mamouri, Research Fellow, Middle East Studies, Deakin University

    The scale of Israel’s strikes on multiple, sensitive Iranian military and nuclear sites on Friday was unprecedented. It was the biggest attack on Iran since the Iran–Iraq War in the 1980s.

    As expected, Iran responded swiftly, even as Israeli attacks on its territory continued. The unfolding conflict is reshaping regional dynamics, and Iran now finds itself with no easy path forward.

    Strikes come at a delicate time

    The timing of the Israeli strikes was highly significant. They came at a critical point in the high-stakes negotiations between Iran and the United States over Tehran’s nuclear program that began earlier this year.

    Last week, the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) issued a report accusing Tehran of stockpiling highly enriched uranium at levels dangerously close to weaponisation.

    According to the report, Iran has accumulated around 400 kilograms of uranium enriched to 60% purity. If this uranium is further enriched to 90% purity, it would be enough to build nine to ten bombs.

    The day before Israel’s attack, the IAEA board of governors also declared Iran to be in breach of its non-proliferation obligations for the first time in two decades.

    The nuclear talks recently hit a stumbling block over a major issue – the US refusal to allow Iran to enrich any uranium at all for a civilian nuclear program.

    Iran has previously agreed to cap its enrichment at 3.67% under the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, a nuclear deal between Iran, the US and other global powers agreed to in 2015 (and abandoned by the first Trump administration in 2018). But it has refused to relinquish its right to enrichment altogether.

    US President Donald Trump reportedly urged Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu not to attack Iran last week, believing he was close to a deal.

    But after the attack, Trump ramped up his threats on Iran again, urging it to agree to a deal “before there is nothing left”. He called the Israeli strikes “excellent” and suggested there was “more to come”.

    Given this context, it is understandable why Iran does not view the US as an impartial mediator. In response, Iran suspended its negotiations with the US, announcing it would skip the sixth round of talks scheduled for Sunday.

    Rather than compelling Iran to agree to a deal, the excessive pressure could risk pushing Iran towards a more extreme stance instead.

    While Iranian officials have denied any intention to develop a military nuclear program, they have warned that continued Israeli attacks and US pressure might force Tehran to reconsider as a deterrence mechanism.



    Read more:
    As its conflict with Israel escalates, could Iran now acquire a nuclear bomb?

    Why surrender could spell the regime’s end

    On several occasions, Trump has insisted he is not seeking “regime change” in Iran. He has repeatedly claimed he wants to see Iran be “successful” – the only requirement is for it to accept a US deal.

    However, in Iran’s view, the US proposal is not viewed as a peace offer, but as a blueprint for surrender. And the fear is this would ultimately pave the way for regime change under the guise of diplomacy.

    Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei responded to the latest US proposal by insisting that uranium enrichment remains a “red line” for Iran. Abandoning this right from the Iranian perspective would only embolden its adversaries to escalate their pressure on the regime and make further demands – such as dismantling Iran’s missile program.

    The fear in Tehran is this could push the country into a defenceless state without a way to deter future Israeli strikes.

    Furthermore, capitulating to the US terms could ignite domestic backlash on two fronts: from an already growing opposition movement, and from the regime’s base of loyal supporters, who would see any retreat as a betrayal.

    In this context, many in Iran’s leadership believe that giving in to Trump’s terms would not avert regime change – it would hasten it.

    What options remain for Iran now?

    Caught between escalating pressure and existential threats, Iran finds itself with few viable options other than to project strength. It has already begun to pursue this strategy by launching retaliatory missile strikes at Israeli cities.

    This response has been much stronger than the relatively contained tit-for-tat strikes Israel and Iran engaged in last year. Iran’s strikes have caused considerable damage to government and residential areas in Tel Aviv and Jerusalem.

    Iran sees no alternative but to push forward, having already been drawn into open confrontation. Any sign of weakness would severely undermine the regime’s legitimacy at home and embolden its adversaries abroad.

    Moreover, Tehran is betting on Trump’s aversion to foreign wars. Iranian leaders believe the US is neither prepared nor willing to enter another costly conflict in the region – one that could disrupt global trade and jeopardise Trump’s recent economic partnerships with Persian Gulf states.

    Therefore, Iran’s leadership likely believes that by standing firm now, the conflict will be limited, so long as the US stays on the sidelines. And then, Iran’s leaders would try to return to the negotiating table, in their view, from a position of strength.

    Ali Mamouri does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. As war breaks out with Israel, Iran has run out of good options – https://theconversation.com/as-war-breaks-out-with-israel-iran-has-run-out-of-good-options-258916

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • MIL-OSI Global: ‘No kings!’: like the LA protesters, the early Romans hated kings, too

    Source: The Conversation – Global Perspectives – By Peter Edwell, Associate Professor in Ancient History, Macquarie University

    Protesters across the United States have brandished placards declaring “no kings!” in recent days, keen to send a message one-man rule is not acceptable.

    The defeat of the forces of King George III in the United States’ revolutionary war of 1775–83 saw the end of royal rule in the US. Touting itself as the world’s leading democracy, kings have not been welcome in America for 250 years. But for many, Donald Trump is increasingly behaving as one and now is the time to stop him.

    Having studied ancient Roman politics for years, America’s rejection of kingship reminds me vividly of the strong aversion to it in the Roman republic.

    Early Romans too, sought a society with “no kings!” – up until, that is, the period following the assassination of Julius Caesar, when everything changed.

    The seven kings of Rome

    Seven kings ruled Rome, one after the other, after the city was founded in 753 BCE. The first was Romulus who, according to some legends, gave the city its name.

    When the last of the kings of Rome was driven from the city in 509 BCE, his key opponent, Lucius Junius Brutus, vowed:

    I will pursue Lucius Tarquinius Superbus and his wicked wife and all his children, with sword, with fire, with whatever violence I may; and I will suffer neither him nor anyone else to be king in Rome!

    Tarquinius Superbus (meaning “the proud”) had ruled Rome for 25 years. He began his reign by executing uncooperative Senators.

    When Tarquinius’ son raped a noblewoman named Lucretia, the Roman population rebelled against the king’s long-running tyranny. The hubris of the king and his family was finally too much. They were driven from Rome and never allowed to return.

    A new system of government was ushered in: the republic.

    The rise of the Roman republic

    In the new system, power was shared among elected officials – including two consuls, who were elected annually.

    The consuls were the most powerful officials in the republic and were given power to wage war.

    The Senate, which represented the wealthiest sections of society (initially the patrician class), held power in some key areas, including foreign policy.

    Less affluent citizens elected tribunes of the plebs who had various powers, including the right to veto laws.

    In the republican system, the term king (rex in Latin) quickly became anathema.

    “No kings” would effectively remain the watchword through the Roman republic’s entire history. “Rex” was a word the Romans hated. It was short-hand for “tyranny”.

    The rise and fall of Julius Caesar

    Over time, powerful figures emerged who threatened the republic’s tight power-sharing rules.

    Figures such as the general Pompey (106–48 BCE) broke all the rules and behaved in suspiciously kingly ways. With military success and vast wealth, he was a populist who broke the mould. Pompey even staged a three-day military parade, known as a triumph, to coincide with his birthday in 61 BCE.

    But the ultimate populist was Julius Caesar.

    Born to a noble family claiming lineage from the goddess Venus, Caesar became fabulously wealthy.

    He also scored major military victories, including subduing the Gauls (across modern France and Belgium) from 58–50 BCE.

    In the 40s BCE, Caesar began taking offices over extended time frames – much longer periods than the rules technically allowed.

    Early in 44 BCE he gave himself the formal title “dictator for life” (Dictator Perpetuo), having been appointed dictator two years earlier. The dictatorship was only meant to be held in times of emergency for a period of six months.

    When Caesar was preparing a war against Parthia (in modern day Iran), some tried to hail him as king.

    Soon after, an angry group of 23 senators stabbed him to death in a vain attempt to save the republic. They were led by Marcus Junius Brutus, a descendant of the Brutus who killed the last Roman king, Tarquinius Superbus.

    The Roman republic was beyond saving despite Caesar’s death.
    duncan1890/Getty Images

    However, the Roman republic was beyond saving despite Caesar’s death. His great nephew Octavian eventually emerged as leader and became known as Augustus (27 BCE – 14 CE). With Augustus, an age of emperors was born.

    Emperors were kings in all but name. The strong aversion to kingship in Rome ensured their complete avoidance of the term rex.

    ‘No kings!’

    American protesters waving placards shouting “no kings!” are expressing clear concerns that their beloved democracy is under threat.

    Donald Trump has already declared eight national emergencies and issued 161 executive orders in his second term.

    When asked if he needs to uphold the Constitution, Trump declares “I don’t know.” He has joked about running for a third term as president, in breach of the longstanding limit of two terms.

    Like Caesar, is Donald Trump becoming a king in all but name? Is he setting a precedent for his successors to behave increasingly like emperors?

    The American aversion to “king” likely ensures the term will never return. But when protesters and others shout “no kings!”, they know the very meaning of the term “president” is changing before their eyes.

    Peter Edwell receives funding from the Australian Research Council.

    – ref. ‘No kings!’: like the LA protesters, the early Romans hated kings, too – https://theconversation.com/no-kings-like-the-la-protesters-the-early-romans-hated-kings-too-259011

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

  • India positioned to become world’s third-largest economy, says PM Modi in Cyprus

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Prime Minister Narendra Modi and the President of Cyprus, Nikos Christodoulides, held a high-level roundtable interaction with business leaders from both India and Cyprus in Limassol on Sunday. The engagement brought together stakeholders from a wide range of sectors including banking, financial institutions, manufacturing, defence, logistics, maritime, shipping, technology, digital innovation, artificial intelligence, IT services, tourism and mobility.

    During the interaction, Prime Minister Modi highlighted India’s robust economic transformation over the last eleven years, noting the country’s consistent growth driven by major reforms, policy stability, and improvements in the Ease of Doing Business.

    “India’s focus on innovation, digital revolution, start-up culture and future-ready infrastructure is positioning it firmly on the path to becoming the world’s third-largest economy,” the Prime Minister said. He noted that sectors such as civil aviation, port and shipbuilding, digital payments, and green development offer promising avenues for cooperation with Cyprus-based enterprises.

    The Prime Minister further pointed to the expansion of sectors such as civil aviation, shipbuilding, digital payments, and green development as avenues of cooperation for Cypriot businesses. He also underlined India’s growing capabilities in new-age industries like AI, Quantum technology, Semiconductors, and Critical Minerals.

    Describing Cyprus as an “important economic partner,” Prime Minister Modi welcomed the island nation’s interest in increasing investments into India, particularly in the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) domain.

    The interaction also witnessed the announcement of several collaborative initiatives. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between the NSE International Exchange at GIFT City, Gujarat, and the Cyprus Stock Exchange to deepen cooperation in financial markets. In a key development for digital payments, NIPL (NPCI International Payments Limited) and Eurobank Cyprus reached an understanding to introduce Unified Payments Interface (UPI) for cross-border transactions. The move is expected to benefit both tourists and businesses by simplifying payments.

    Prime Minister Modi also welcomed the launch of the India–Greece–Cyprus (IGC) Business and Investment Council. The council is expected to strengthen trilateral cooperation in key sectors such as shipping, logistics, renewable energy, civil aviation and digital services.

    “Indian companies increasingly view Cyprus as a gateway to Europe and a hub for IT services, financial management, and tourism,” said the Prime Minister.

    As Cyprus prepares to assume the Presidency of the European Union Council next year, both leaders reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening the India-EU Strategic Partnership. They expressed optimism about concluding the long-pending India-EU Free Trade Agreement by the end of the year, which would provide a fresh impetus to trade and investment.

    Reflecting on the outcomes of the roundtable, Prime Minister Modi said, “The practical suggestions emerging from today’s discussion will help chart a structured roadmap for deepening cooperation in trade, innovation, and strategic sectors.”

  • India positioned to become world’s third-largest economy, says PM Modi in Cyprus

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Prime Minister Narendra Modi and the President of Cyprus, Nikos Christodoulides, held a high-level roundtable interaction with business leaders from both India and Cyprus in Limassol on Sunday. The engagement brought together stakeholders from a wide range of sectors including banking, financial institutions, manufacturing, defence, logistics, maritime, shipping, technology, digital innovation, artificial intelligence, IT services, tourism and mobility.

    During the interaction, Prime Minister Modi highlighted India’s robust economic transformation over the last eleven years, noting the country’s consistent growth driven by major reforms, policy stability, and improvements in the Ease of Doing Business.

    “India’s focus on innovation, digital revolution, start-up culture and future-ready infrastructure is positioning it firmly on the path to becoming the world’s third-largest economy,” the Prime Minister said. He noted that sectors such as civil aviation, port and shipbuilding, digital payments, and green development offer promising avenues for cooperation with Cyprus-based enterprises.

    The Prime Minister further pointed to the expansion of sectors such as civil aviation, shipbuilding, digital payments, and green development as avenues of cooperation for Cypriot businesses. He also underlined India’s growing capabilities in new-age industries like AI, Quantum technology, Semiconductors, and Critical Minerals.

    Describing Cyprus as an “important economic partner,” Prime Minister Modi welcomed the island nation’s interest in increasing investments into India, particularly in the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) domain.

    The interaction also witnessed the announcement of several collaborative initiatives. A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between the NSE International Exchange at GIFT City, Gujarat, and the Cyprus Stock Exchange to deepen cooperation in financial markets. In a key development for digital payments, NIPL (NPCI International Payments Limited) and Eurobank Cyprus reached an understanding to introduce Unified Payments Interface (UPI) for cross-border transactions. The move is expected to benefit both tourists and businesses by simplifying payments.

    Prime Minister Modi also welcomed the launch of the India–Greece–Cyprus (IGC) Business and Investment Council. The council is expected to strengthen trilateral cooperation in key sectors such as shipping, logistics, renewable energy, civil aviation and digital services.

    “Indian companies increasingly view Cyprus as a gateway to Europe and a hub for IT services, financial management, and tourism,” said the Prime Minister.

    As Cyprus prepares to assume the Presidency of the European Union Council next year, both leaders reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening the India-EU Strategic Partnership. They expressed optimism about concluding the long-pending India-EU Free Trade Agreement by the end of the year, which would provide a fresh impetus to trade and investment.

    Reflecting on the outcomes of the roundtable, Prime Minister Modi said, “The practical suggestions emerging from today’s discussion will help chart a structured roadmap for deepening cooperation in trade, innovation, and strategic sectors.”

  • Iran and Israel Exchange Fresh Strikes as Global Leaders Push for Ceasefire

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    The war between Iran and Israel is in its fourth day of direct hostilities as international diplomatic activity is in full swing to prevent the conflict from engulfing broader West Asia. While ongoing military operations have killed dozens of people and caused widespread destruction, a complex matrix of behind-the-scenes negotiations is underway among world powers and regional actors desperately trying to contain the crisis.

    Iran launched missile strikes on Israeli cities , with rockets striking Haifa and injuring at least 15 in Israel’s National Emergency Service. The attacks were launched as residents in Tehran reported shaking explosions throughout the capital city, with Iranian officials confirming missile strikes in the Niavaran and Tajrish neighborhoods in the northern part of the city, as well as in and around central Valiasr and Hafte Tir squares.

    Israeli forces have expanded their campaign beyond Tehran to cities including Shiraz and Isfahan, where a Defense Ministry military base was hit. The Israeli military announced it had conducted its longest-range strike since the fighting began, striking an aerial refueling aircraft at Mashhad Airport in eastern Iran. Well over 250 Iranian targets have been hit in the expanding military campaign, including what Israel identifies as nuclear command and control centers and key energy targets. The situation is still complex and fraught with difficulties. Now, Iranian officials refer to negotiations with USA as unjustifiable amid current Israeli aggression, and Iran has stopped attending nuclear negotiations that were supposed to be carried out in Oman.

    Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Aragchi has indicated readiness for nuclear agreements that ensure Iran does not pursue weapons development, but insists the country will not accept any deal that deprives it of nuclear rights.

    Behind closed doors, Iran has approached Qatar and Oman requesting them to act as intermediaries with the United States to facilitate ceasefire negotiations, while Saudi Arabia is reportedly involved in diplomatic efforts to de-escalate the situation. US President Donald Trump has expressed optimism about peace prospects, stating he anticipates a deal soon through ongoing calls and meetings to broker an agreement. International diplomatic efforts have accelerated as global leaders warn of the urgent need to prevent the conflict from spilling over to the rest of the Middle East, with multiple regional powers working frantically to halt what they describe as a spiral of violence causing irreparable economic and civil damage to both sides.

    The United Nations Security Council convened an emergency session where both nations presented diametrically opposing positions. Iran labeled Israel’s strike a declaration of war, while Israel justified its attack as legitimate self-defense after failed diplomacy. The session failed to produce a binding resolution, which was indicative of the failure of the international community to agree on anything.

    European leaders have called for diplomatic solutions but appear to have limited influence in the conflict, with analysts saying Europe is on the sidelines. Cyprus has played a minor role, with its president reportedly having carried messages between Israel and Iran through indirect intermediaries.

    Israel remains extremely skeptical of Iranian intentions and has continued its military push despite diplomatic progress. Israeli leaders have warned Iran to vacate nuclear facilities while calling for the United States to assist efforts at abandoning Iran’s nuclear program entirely. The Israeli government has shown little desire to stop activities without concrete Iranian concessions.

    Stakes have also increased as Iran threatened that Western assistance to Israel in downing missiles can result in targeting US, UK, and French military assets throughout the region. The threat has complicated diplomacy as Washington has already provided defensive assistance to Israel while publicly urging restraint.

    In spite of active diplomatic contacts with various regional mediators and ongoing US engagement, prospects for an immediate ceasefire are uncertain.

  • Iran and Israel Exchange Fresh Strikes as Global Leaders Push for Ceasefire

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    The war between Iran and Israel is in its fourth day of direct hostilities as international diplomatic activity is in full swing to prevent the conflict from engulfing broader West Asia. While ongoing military operations have killed dozens of people and caused widespread destruction, a complex matrix of behind-the-scenes negotiations is underway among world powers and regional actors desperately trying to contain the crisis.

    Iran launched missile strikes on Israeli cities , with rockets striking Haifa and injuring at least 15 in Israel’s National Emergency Service. The attacks were launched as residents in Tehran reported shaking explosions throughout the capital city, with Iranian officials confirming missile strikes in the Niavaran and Tajrish neighborhoods in the northern part of the city, as well as in and around central Valiasr and Hafte Tir squares.

    Israeli forces have expanded their campaign beyond Tehran to cities including Shiraz and Isfahan, where a Defense Ministry military base was hit. The Israeli military announced it had conducted its longest-range strike since the fighting began, striking an aerial refueling aircraft at Mashhad Airport in eastern Iran. Well over 250 Iranian targets have been hit in the expanding military campaign, including what Israel identifies as nuclear command and control centers and key energy targets. The situation is still complex and fraught with difficulties. Now, Iranian officials refer to negotiations with USA as unjustifiable amid current Israeli aggression, and Iran has stopped attending nuclear negotiations that were supposed to be carried out in Oman.

    Iran’s Foreign Minister Abbas Aragchi has indicated readiness for nuclear agreements that ensure Iran does not pursue weapons development, but insists the country will not accept any deal that deprives it of nuclear rights.

    Behind closed doors, Iran has approached Qatar and Oman requesting them to act as intermediaries with the United States to facilitate ceasefire negotiations, while Saudi Arabia is reportedly involved in diplomatic efforts to de-escalate the situation. US President Donald Trump has expressed optimism about peace prospects, stating he anticipates a deal soon through ongoing calls and meetings to broker an agreement. International diplomatic efforts have accelerated as global leaders warn of the urgent need to prevent the conflict from spilling over to the rest of the Middle East, with multiple regional powers working frantically to halt what they describe as a spiral of violence causing irreparable economic and civil damage to both sides.

    The United Nations Security Council convened an emergency session where both nations presented diametrically opposing positions. Iran labeled Israel’s strike a declaration of war, while Israel justified its attack as legitimate self-defense after failed diplomacy. The session failed to produce a binding resolution, which was indicative of the failure of the international community to agree on anything.

    European leaders have called for diplomatic solutions but appear to have limited influence in the conflict, with analysts saying Europe is on the sidelines. Cyprus has played a minor role, with its president reportedly having carried messages between Israel and Iran through indirect intermediaries.

    Israel remains extremely skeptical of Iranian intentions and has continued its military push despite diplomatic progress. Israeli leaders have warned Iran to vacate nuclear facilities while calling for the United States to assist efforts at abandoning Iran’s nuclear program entirely. The Israeli government has shown little desire to stop activities without concrete Iranian concessions.

    Stakes have also increased as Iran threatened that Western assistance to Israel in downing missiles can result in targeting US, UK, and French military assets throughout the region. The threat has complicated diplomacy as Washington has already provided defensive assistance to Israel while publicly urging restraint.

    In spite of active diplomatic contacts with various regional mediators and ongoing US engagement, prospects for an immediate ceasefire are uncertain.

  • Israel-Iran battle escalates, set to dominate G7 talks

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Israel and Iran kept up their attacks, killing and wounding civilians and raising concern among world leaders at a G7 meeting in Canada this week that the biggest battle between the two old enemies could lead to a broader regional conflict.

    The Iranian death toll in four days of Israeli strikes, carried out with the declared aim of wiping out Iran’s nuclear and ballistic missile programs, had reached at least 224, with 90% of the casualties reported to be civilians, an Iranian health ministry spokesperson said.

    Early on Monday, the Israeli military said it had detected more missiles launched from Iran towards Israel.

    “At this time, the (Israeli Air Force) is operating to intercept and strike where necessary to eliminate the threat,” the Israeli Defence Forces said. Live video footage showed several missiles over Tel Aviv and Reuters witnesses said explosions could be heard there and over Jerusalem.

    At least 10 people in Israel, including children, have been killed so far, according to authorities there.

    Group of Seven leaders began gathering in the Canadian Rockies on Sunday with the Israel-Iran conflict expected to be a top priority.

    German Chancellor Friedrich Merz said his goals for the summit include for Iran to not develop or possess nuclear weapons, ensuring Israel’s right to defend itself, avoiding escalation of the conflict and creating room for diplomacy.

    “This issue will be very high on the agenda of the G7 summit,” Merz told reporters.

    Before leaving for the summit on Sunday, U.S. President Donald Trump was asked what he was doing to de-escalate the situation. “I hope there’s going to be a deal. I think it’s time for a deal,” he told reporters. “Sometimes they have to fight it out.”

    Iran has told mediators Qatar and Oman that it is not open to negotiating a ceasefire while it is under Israeli attack, an official briefed on the communications told Reuters on Sunday.

    FIRST DAYLIGHT ATTACK ON ISRAEL

    Explosions shook Tel Aviv on Sunday during Iran’s first daylight missile attack since Israel’s strike on Friday. Shortly after nightfall, Iranian missiles hit a residential street in Haifa, a mixed Jewish-Arab city, and in Israel’s south.

    In Bat Yam, a city near Tel Aviv, residents braced on Sunday evening for another sleepless night after an overnight strike on an apartment tower.

    “It’s very dreadful. It’s not fun. People are losing their lives and their homes,” said Shem, 29.

    Images from Tehran showed the night sky lit up by a huge blaze at a fuel depot after Israel began strikes against Iran’s oil and gas sector – raising the stakes for the global economy and the functioning of the Iranian state.

    Brent crude futures were up $1.04, or 1.4%, to $75.39 a barrel by 0115 GMT, having jumped as much as $4 earlier in the session. While the spike in oil prices has investors on edge, stock and currency markets were little moved in early trading in Asia on Monday.

    “It’s more of an oil story than an equity story at this point,” said Jim Carroll, senior wealth adviser and portfolio manager at Ballast Rock Private Wealth. “Stocks right now seem to be hanging on.”

    TRUMP VETOES PLAN TO TARGET KHAMENEI, OFFICIALS SAY

    In Washington, two U.S. officials told Reuters that Trump had vetoed an Israeli plan in recent days to kill Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

    When asked about the Reuters report, Netanyahu told Fox News on Sunday: “There’s so many false reports of conversations that never happened, and I’m not going to get into that.”

    “We do what we need to do,” he told Fox’s “Special Report With Bret Baier.”

    Israel began the assault with a surprise attack on Friday that wiped out the top echelon of Iran’s military command and damaged its nuclear sites, and says the campaign will escalate in the coming days.

    The intelligence chief of Iran’s Revolutionary Guards, Mohammad Kazemi, and his deputy were killed in attacks on Tehran on Sunday, Iran’s semi-official Tasnim news agency said.

    Iran has vowed to “open the gates of hell” in retaliation.

    TRUMP WARNS IRAN NOT TO ATTACK

    Trump has lauded Israel’s offensive while denying Iranian allegations that the U.S. has taken part and warning Tehran not to widen its retaliation to include U.S. targets.

    Two U.S. officials said on Friday the U.S. military had helped shoot down Iranian missiles that were headed toward Israel.

    The U.S. president has repeatedly said Iran could end the war by agreeing to tough restrictions on its nuclear program, which Iran says is for peaceful purposes but which Western countries and the IAEA nuclear watchdog say could be used to make an atomic bomb.

    The latest round of nuclear negotiations between Iran and the U.S., due on Sunday, was scrapped after Tehran said it would not negotiate while under Israeli attack.

    (Reuters)

  • PM Modi’s Visit to Strengthen India-EU Ties, says EAM Jaishankar on meeting Cyprus counterpart

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    External Affairs Minister (EAM) S. Jaishankar met the Cyprus Foreign Minister Constantinos Kombos on Sunday (local time) on his arrival at the Larnaca International Airport in Limassol and said that he was confident that that “Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to the Mediterranean nation will deepen our longstanding bilateral ties and the partnership between India and the European Union.

    Taking to his official X account, EAM Jaishankar said: “Delighted to meet FM @ckombos of Cyprus on my arrival at Larnaca. Confident that PM @narendramodi’s visit to Cyprus will deepen our longstanding bilateral ties and the India-EU partnership.”

    Earlier on Sunday, Prime Minister Narendra Modi reached Cyprus, heralding the start of his three-nation tour, including Canada and Croatia. The pictures of his arrival in Cyprus were shared by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on his X account.

    PM Modi was received and given a warm welcome at the airport by the Cyprus President Nikos Christodoulides as well as Finance Minister Constantinos Kombos, reflecting the deep-rooted historic ties between the two nations.

    The Cyprus President also took to X to welcome PM Modi, as he wrote: “Welcome to Cyprus Prime Minister Narendra Modi! Here, at the EU’s southeastern frontier and gateway of the Mediteranean A historic visit A new chapter in a strategic partnership that knows no limits We make a promise to advance, transform, prosper more. Together.”

    PM Modi also note of the special gesture of Cyprus President and reciprocated on his social media handle, “Landed in Cyprus. My gratitude to the President of Cyprus, Mr. Nikos Christodoulides for the special gesture of welcoming me at the airport. This visit will add significant momentum to India-Cyprus relations, especially in areas like trade, investment and more.”

    Notably, this is the first visit by an Indian Prime Minister to Cyprus in over two decades. During the visit, the two leaders are set to take part in extensive discussions for deepening bilateral ties and also explore ways to strengthen cooperation in trade, investment, security, and technology.

    Prior to his departure for three-nation tour, PM Modi described Cyprus as “a close friend and an important partner in the Mediterranean region and the EU”.

    He added that the visit was an opportunity to build on the historical friendship between the two nations and promote people-to-people exchanges.

    Cyprus, a member of the European Union is set to assume the ‘rotating presidency’ of the EU, early next year. PM Modi’s visit is seen as part of India’s consistent diplomatic outreach to Europe.

    After Cyprus visit, PM Modi will head to Canada to attend the G7 Summit and will then travel to Croatia for meetings with President Zoran Milanovic and Prime Minister Andrej Plenkovic. (IANS)

  • PM Modi’s Visit to Strengthen India-EU Ties, says EAM Jaishankar on meeting Cyprus counterpart

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    External Affairs Minister (EAM) S. Jaishankar met the Cyprus Foreign Minister Constantinos Kombos on Sunday (local time) on his arrival at the Larnaca International Airport in Limassol and said that he was confident that that “Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s visit to the Mediterranean nation will deepen our longstanding bilateral ties and the partnership between India and the European Union.

    Taking to his official X account, EAM Jaishankar said: “Delighted to meet FM @ckombos of Cyprus on my arrival at Larnaca. Confident that PM @narendramodi’s visit to Cyprus will deepen our longstanding bilateral ties and the India-EU partnership.”

    Earlier on Sunday, Prime Minister Narendra Modi reached Cyprus, heralding the start of his three-nation tour, including Canada and Croatia. The pictures of his arrival in Cyprus were shared by Prime Minister Narendra Modi on his X account.

    PM Modi was received and given a warm welcome at the airport by the Cyprus President Nikos Christodoulides as well as Finance Minister Constantinos Kombos, reflecting the deep-rooted historic ties between the two nations.

    The Cyprus President also took to X to welcome PM Modi, as he wrote: “Welcome to Cyprus Prime Minister Narendra Modi! Here, at the EU’s southeastern frontier and gateway of the Mediteranean A historic visit A new chapter in a strategic partnership that knows no limits We make a promise to advance, transform, prosper more. Together.”

    PM Modi also note of the special gesture of Cyprus President and reciprocated on his social media handle, “Landed in Cyprus. My gratitude to the President of Cyprus, Mr. Nikos Christodoulides for the special gesture of welcoming me at the airport. This visit will add significant momentum to India-Cyprus relations, especially in areas like trade, investment and more.”

    Notably, this is the first visit by an Indian Prime Minister to Cyprus in over two decades. During the visit, the two leaders are set to take part in extensive discussions for deepening bilateral ties and also explore ways to strengthen cooperation in trade, investment, security, and technology.

    Prior to his departure for three-nation tour, PM Modi described Cyprus as “a close friend and an important partner in the Mediterranean region and the EU”.

    He added that the visit was an opportunity to build on the historical friendship between the two nations and promote people-to-people exchanges.

    Cyprus, a member of the European Union is set to assume the ‘rotating presidency’ of the EU, early next year. PM Modi’s visit is seen as part of India’s consistent diplomatic outreach to Europe.

    After Cyprus visit, PM Modi will head to Canada to attend the G7 Summit and will then travel to Croatia for meetings with President Zoran Milanovic and Prime Minister Andrej Plenkovic. (IANS)

  • MIL-OSI Russia: Financial news: Information on securities accepted as collateral for Bank of Russia loans as of 16.06.2025

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: Central Bank of Russia (2) –

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    Categories24-7, Central Bank of Russia, Mil-SOSI, Russian Banks, Russian Economy, Russian Finance, Russian Language, Russian economy, Russian banks

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    12840061V MINISTRY OF FINANCE 96.6266 15 267 543.90896 0.98 XS0767473852 03.04.2042 OM
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    12978087V MINISTRY OF FINANCE 82,1667 7 395 561.73356 0.98 RU000A102CK5 11/19/2027 OM
    12978088V MINISTRY OF FINANCE 64,8750 5 839 191.15 0.98 RU000A102CL3 11/19/2032 OM
    12978104V MINISTRY OF FINANCE 52,4382 4 719 794,57976 0.98 RU000A1034K8 05/26/2036 OM
    12978107V MINISTRY OF FINANCE 98,0275 8 823 141.587 0.98 RU000A10A885 01.12.2025 OM
    12978110V MINISTRY OF FINANCE 90.3750 8 134 364.55 0.98 RU000A10A828 11/17/2027 OM
    12978114V MINISTRY OF FINANCE 70.3200 6 329 278,176 0.98 RU000A10A836 11/17/2032 OM
    12978116V MINISTRY OF FINANCE 66,2923 5 966 ​​757.78764 0.98 RU000A10A893 05/22/2036 OM
    25085RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 94.5000 945 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A103BQ2 09/23/2025 OM
    26207RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 89,8520 898.52 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0JS3W6 02.02.2027 OM
    26212RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 83,9600 839.6 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0JTK38 01/18/2028 OM
    26218RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 75.9010 759.01 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0JVW48 09/16/2031 OM
    26219RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 91,2980 912.98 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0JWM07 09/15/2026 OM
    26221RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 68,5400 685.4 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0JXFM1 03/22/2033 OM
    26224RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 77.9910 779.91 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0ZYUA9 05/22/2029 OM
    26225RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 64,4580 644.58 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0ZYub7 08.05.2034 OM
    26226RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 90.8170 908.17 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0zzyw2 06.10.2026 OM
    26228RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 76.9920 769.92 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A100A82 09.04.2030 OM
    26229RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 96.0190 960.19 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A100EG3 11.11.2025 OM
    26230RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 60,1760 601.76 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A100EF5 03/15/2039 OM
    26232RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 82,7960 827.96 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A1014N4 05.10.2027 OM
    26233RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 55.8450 558.45 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A101F94 07/17/2035 OM
    26234RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 98,7730 987.73 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A101QE0 07/15/2025 OM
    26235RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 67,4740 674.74 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A1028E3 03/11/2031 OM
    26236RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 79,7720 797.72 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A102BT8 05/16/2028 OM
    26237RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 78,1930 781.93 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A1038Z7 03/13/2029 OM
    26238RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 55.5510 555.51 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A1038V6 05/14/2041 OM
    26239RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 70.1930 701.93 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A103901 07/22/2031 OM
    26240RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 59.7060 597.06 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A103BR0 07/29/2036 OM
    26241RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 77.7060 777.06 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A105FZ9 11/16/2032 OM
    26242RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 83,2250 832.25 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A105RV3 08/28/2029 OM
    26243RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 71.8960 718.96 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A106E90 05/18/2038 OM
    26244RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 83,8740 838.74 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A1074G2 03/14/2034 OM
    26245RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 84,9730 849.73 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A108EG6 09.25.2035 OM
    26246RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 85.0330 850.33 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A108EE1 03/11/2036 OM
    26247RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 85.0230 850.23 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A108EF8 05/10/2039 OM
    26248RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 84,9430 849.43 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A108EH4 05/15/2040 OM
    29007RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 102.6380 1,026.38 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0JV4M0 02.03.2027 OM
    29008RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 104.6950 1,046.95 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0JV4P3 02.10.2029 OM
    29009RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 107,3380 1,073.38 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0JV4N8 04/04/2032 OM
    29010RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 106.6730 1,066.73 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0JV4Q1 05.12.2034 OM
    29013RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 96.5260 965.26 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A101KT1 09/17/2030 OM
    29014RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 99,6220 996.22 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A101N52 03/24/2026 OM
    29015RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 97.9010 979.01 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A1025A7 10/17/2028 OM
    29016RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 98,990 989.99 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A1025B5 12/22/2026 OM
    29017RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 96,7530 967.53 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A1028D5 08.24.2032 OM
    29018RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 97.0320 970.32 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A102A31 11/25/2031 OM
    29019RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 97,6400 976.4 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A102A49 07/17/2029 OM
    29020RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 98,1760 981.76 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A102BV4 09/21/2027 OM
    29021RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 96.9180 969.18 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A105B11 11/26/2030 OM
    29022RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 97,1680 971.68 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A105G16 07/19/2033 OM
    29023RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 97,1150 971.15 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A105L19 08/22/2034 OM
    29024RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 94,5320 945.32 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A1066D5 04/17/2035 OM
    29025RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 94,1990 941.99 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A106Z61 08/11/2037 OM
    29026RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 96,9970 969.97 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A10A7D2 03/03/2038 OM
    29027RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 95,4860 954.86 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A10AA93 09/10/2036 OM
    46011RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 491,7170 1,475,151 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU0002867854 08/19/2025 OM
    46012RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 99,3760 944.072 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU0002868001 09/08/2026 OM
    46020RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 60.9150 609.15 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0GN9A7 08.08.2034 OM
    46023RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 93,1810 93,181 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0JRTL6 07/22/2026 OM
    52002RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 81,1080 1 337,1383772 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A0ZYZ26 01.02.2028 OM
    52003RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 71,9120 1,077.8673944 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A102069 07/16/2030 OM
    52004RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 68,1900 960.885747 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A103MX5 03/16/2032 OM
    52005RMFS MINISTRY OF FINANCE 66,4120 802.8347444 1 for VDK/OVN; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days; 1 for OM Loans from 2 to 30 days (rollover); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day; 0.98 for Loans (SME OFZ); 1 for OM Loans for 1 day (rollover); 1 for Irrevocable credit line; RU000A105XV1 05/10/2033 OM
    MK -0-CM-119 MINISTRY OF FINANCE 119,5185 94 422,961518 0.98 XS0088543193 06.06.2028 OM
    SK -0-CM-128 MINISTRY OF FINANCE 105.6721 4,17419589094 0.98 XS0114288789 09/25/2025 OM
    Bonds of subjects of the Russian Federation and municipalities
    RU34016BEL0 BELGOROD REGION 96,6700 58.002 0.93 RU000A1025F6 09/17/2025 DM
    Ru34003kra1 CITY OF KRASNODAR 94,7400 189.48 0.9 RU000A102KT9 12/22/2025 DM
    RU34013KRN1 CITY OF KRASNOYARSK 96.0000 240 0.9 RU000A1029G6 10.10.2025 DM
    RU35002GSP0 CITY OF SAINT PETERSBURG 91,7300 458.65 0.96 RU000A0ZYKJ1 04.12.2025 OM
    RU35003GSP0 CITY OF SAINT PETERSBURG 88,6700 620.69 0.96 RU000A102A15 10/13/2025 OM
    RU35003KND0 KRASNODAR REGION 90.0300 630.21 0.93 RU000A1011B5 05.11.2025 OM
    RU35016KNA0 KRASNOYARSK REGION 97.8600 97,86 0.93 RU000A0ZZM87 09/11/2025 DM
    RU35001kur0 KURSK REGION 96,5900 144,885 0.9 RU000A0ZYCD1 10.10.2025 DM
    RU34012LIP0 LIPETSK REGION 96,6400 193.28 0.93 RU000A102598 09/15/2025 DM
    RU35010LIP0 LIPETSK REGION 96,3700 144,555 0.93 RU000A0ZZR33 10/20/2025 DM
    RU34014MOO0 MOSCOW REGION 99,1900 396.76 0.96 RU000A101WL3 07.07.2025 DM
    RU35015MOO0 MOSCOW REGION 86,9600 260.88 0.96 RU000A102CR0 09.11.2026 DM
    RU35016MOO0 MOSCOW REGION 89,3400 268.02 0.96 RU000A102G35 01.06.2026 DM
    RU35015NJG0 NIZHNY NOVGOROD REGION 93,0800 651.56 0.9 RU000A102DS6 08/18/2025 DM
    RU35016NJG0 NIZHNY NOVGOROD REGION 92,0200 920.2 0.9 RU000A1043K9 11/17/2025 DM
    Ru34021ano0 NOVOSIBIRSK REGION 96,1800 288.54 0.93 RU000A102895 10/13/2025 DM
    RU34024ANO0 NOVOSIBIRSK REGION 101,8700 1,018.7 0.93 RU000A1099S4 10.10.2026 DM
    RU34026ano0 NOVOSIBIRSK REGION 104,4600 1,044.6 0.93 RU000A10ABC2 06/06/2026 DM
    RU35023ANO0 NOVOSIBIRSK REGION 92,3600 923.6 0.93 RU000A107B19 04/16/2027 DM
    RU35003AOR0 ORENBURG REGION 99,6700 199.34 0.93 RU000A0JVM81 02.07.2025 DM
    RU35004AOR0 ORENBURG REGION 90,4500 904.5 0.93 RU000A0ZYKH5 03/03/2025 DM
    RU25073MOS0 GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW 92,5400 925.4 0.96 RU000A1030T7 04/20/2026 OM
    RU26074MOS0 GOVERNMENT OF MOSCOW 81.4000 814 0.96 RU000A1033Z8 05/17/2028 OM
    RU34011BAS0 REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN 96.8000 387.2 0.93 RU000A1026B3 09/23/2025 DM
    RU34012BAS0 REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN 94,2200 659.54 0.93 RU000A103DN5 07.07.2025 DM
    RU34013BAS0 REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN 93,5500 935.5 0.93 RU000A106FT0 12/29/2025 DM
    RU34014BAS0 REPUBLIC OF BASHKORTOSTAN 111,7100 1 117.1 0.93 RU000A10AC91 11.12.2025 DM
    RU35011RSY0 REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA) 97,3700 146,055 0.9 RU000A0ZZNJ2 09/23/2025 DM
    RU35012RSY0 REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA) 94,7200 378.88 0.9 RU000A100CN3 08/12/2025 DM
    RU35013RSY0 REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA) 91,8700 459.35 0.9 RU000A1010D3 01.08.2025 DM
    RU35014RSY0 REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA) 87,2700 436.35 0.9 RU000A101P27 09/11/2025 DM
    RU35015RSY0 REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA) 86.1000 688.8 0.9 RU000A1033B9 08.08.2025 DM
    RU35016RSY0 REPUBLIC OF SAKHA (YAKUTIA) 99,2200 992.2 0.9 RU000A109L72 05.06.2026 DM
    RU35014SAM0 SAMARA REGION 91,0600 136.59 0.93 RU000A0ZZ9P8 06.06.2026 DM
    RU35015SAM0 SAMARA REGION 91,7600 367.04 0.93 RU000A1020L5 03.11.2025 DM
    RU34007SVS0 SVERDLOVSK REGION 99.5000 248.75 0.93 RU000A101UG7 06/27/2025 OM
    RU35004SVS0 SVERDLOVSK REGION 96,5400 193.08 0.93 RU000A0ZYDU3 10/21/2025 OM
    RU35005SVS0 SVERDLOVSK REGION 91.9700 91,97 0.93 RU000A0ZZQH9 12.12.2025 OM
    RU35006SVS0 SVERDLOVSK REGION 89,3300 446.65 0.93 RU000A1016N9 08.12.2025 OM
    RU35008SVS0 SVERDLOVSK REGION 90.5500 905.5 0.93 RU000A101Z17 07/23/2025 OM
    RU35009SVS0 SVERDLOVSK REGION 86,9200 521.52 0.93 RU000A102CT6 11.11.2025 OM
    RU35004STV0 STAVROPOL REGION 89,5700 447.85 0.9 RU000A102H34 08.09.2025 DM
    RU35001CLB0 CHELYABINSK REGION 87.0100 522.06 0.93 RU000A102FV5 01.09.2025 DM
    RU35015YRS0 YAROSLAVL REGION 92,2200 576,375 0.9 RU000A0JXS83 07/21/2025 DM
    Mortgage-backed bonds
    4-01-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 94,8963 53,26529319 0.9 RU000A0JX3M0 06/27/2025 DM
    4-01-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 87.6582 121,46796774 0.9 RU000A0JXRM6 06/27/2025 DM
    4-02-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 98,1600 48,206376 0.9 RU000A0ZYJT2 07/25/2025 DM
    4-03-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 90.6327 62,85377745 0.9 RU000A0ZYLX0 07/25/2025 DM
    4-03-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 96,9918 49,55311062 0.9 RU000A0ZYL89 07/25/2025 DM
    4-04-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 78.3070 156,4965395 0.9 RU000A1019A0 08/27/2025 DM
    4-04-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 83,0340 93,0562038 0.9 RU000A0ZZNW5 06/27/2025 DM
    4-05-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 75,7300 190,241333 0.9 RU000A101JD7 07/25/2025 DM
    4-05-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 79,2447 116,4500865 0.9 RU000A0ZZCH9 07/25/2025 DM
    4-06-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 86.5800 98,017218 0.9 RU000A0ZZV86 08/27/2025 DM
    4-07-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 80.0570 171,2018945 0.9 RU000A0ZZZ58 06/27/2025 DM
    4-08-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 85,0987 114.61943903 0.9 RU000A0ZZZ09 06/27/2025 DM
    4-09-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 82,7500 126,2765 0.9 RU000A100DQ4 04.07.2025 DM
    4-10-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 82,4200 160.96626 0.9 RU000A100ZB9 06/27/2025 DM
    4-11-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 79,7483 175.61373143 0.9 RU000A100Y4 07/25/2025 DM
    4-12-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 81,9254 200,13555966 0.9 RU000A1016B4 07/25/2025 DM
    4-13-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 80,1900 162,072009 0.9 RU000A1018T2 04.07.2025 DM
    4-14-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 76.6866 205,0983117 0.9 RU000A101U95 08/27/2025 DM
    4-15-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 75,8700 170,229519 0.9 RU000A101TD6 08/27/2025 DM
    4-17-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 72,9163 233,43424282 0.9 RU000A102AP8 08/27/2025 DM
    4-18-00307-R-002p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 72,9100 239,88482 0.9 RU000A102D46 08/27/2025 DM
    4B02-01-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 72,3656 283,8178832 0.9 RU000A102GV3 07/25/2025 DM
    4B02-02-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 73,6600 256.660904 0.9 RU000A102JB9 08/27/2025 DM
    4B02-03-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 75,3770 217,9752086 0.9 RU000A102GD1 06/27/2025 DM
    4B02-04-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 78,8800 249,978608 0.9 RU000A102K13 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-05-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 74,4803 258.72966614 0.9 RU000A102L87 06/27/2025 DM
    4B02-06-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 79,0870 284,2070432 0.9 RU000A102L53 08/27/2025 DM
    4B02-07-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 78,2113 278,01770811 0.9 RU000A103125 06/27/2025 DM
    4B02-08-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 82.6426 362,31342266 0.9 RU000A1031K4 07/25/2025 DM
    4b02-09-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 77,3500 373,376185 0.9 RU000A103N43 08/27/2025 DM
    4b02-10-00307-r-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 74,5474 416,4590501 0.9 RU000A103W42 07/25/2025 DM
    4b02-11-00307-r-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 72,8980 403.8622098 0.9 RU000A103YG5 07/25/2025 DM
    4b02-12-00307-r-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 71,8300 356,039761 0.9 RU000A103YK7 08/27/2025 DM
    4B02-13-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 96,8800 531,251168 0.9 RU000A1041Q0 06/27/2025 DM
    4B02-14-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 78,9275 399,72832375 0.9 RU000A104511 08/27/2025 DM
    4b02-15-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 79.1000 421,42107 0.9 RU000A104B79 06/27/2025 DM
    4B02-16-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 74.7110 406.2261203 0.9 RU000A104AM1 06/27/2025 DM
    4B02-17-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 77,2819 469.30979413 0.9 RU000A104C45 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-18-00307-r-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 95,8500 640.843515 0.9 RU000A104UV0 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-19-00307-r-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 98,4800 662,218912 0.9 RU000a104x32 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-20-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 78,1335 471,3168987 0.9 RU000A105344 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-21-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 69,8600 485,058938 0.9 RU000A105898 07/25/2025 DM
    4b02-22-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 95,8900 703.027124 0.9 RU000A1058R2 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-23-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 80.0655 567.8885784 0.9 RU000A105AV9 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-24-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 77,3133 549,04813128 0.9 RU000A105CB7 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-25-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 73,4500 419,67861 0.9 RU000A105H23 06/27/2025 DM
    4B02-26-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 96,7935 746.3166024 0.9 RU000A105JF3 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-27-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 78,2448 512.35477488 0.9 RU000A105LN3 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-28-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 100.9900 686.63101 0.9 RU000A105NN9 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-29-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 79,5938 487,09017786 0.9 RU000A105NY6 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-30-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 87.5735 578,27409255 0.9 RU000A105NP4 07/25/2025 DM
    4B02-31-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 96,7300 728.638071 0.9 RU000A105NZ3 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-32-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 72,9700 475,757103 0.9 RU000A105P72 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-33-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 80.7492 568.52281752 0.9 RU000A1065R7 06/27/2025 DM
    4B02-34-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 98,4500 823,08138 0.9 RU000A106FM5 06/27/2025 DM
    4B02-35-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 79,8800 549,127072 0.9 RU000A106HE8 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-37-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 74,3754 600.75241842 0.9 RU000A1074A5 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-38-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 100.8700 836.797346 0.9 RU000A107G55 06/27/2025 DM
    4B02-39-00307-R-001P LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 83,9500 658,982315 0.9 RU000A107GL3 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-40-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 80.6063 632,87230382 0.9 RU000A107EQ7 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-41-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 74,3800 605.914356 0.9 RU000A107GM1 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-42-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 87,5800 720.336742 0.9 RU000A107SY1 08/27/2025 DM
    4b02-44-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 83.8070 657,8765693 0.9 RU000A1093G2 08/27/2025 DM
    4b02-46-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 100.8100 933.772787 0.9 RU000A109NH3 06/27/2025 DM
    4b02-49-00307-R-001p LLC “DOM.RF MORTGAGE AGENT” 79,8400 717.64184 0.9 RU000A109NJ9 06/27/2025 DM
    Bonds of legal entities – residents of the Russian Federation
    4-24-40046-n JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ALROSA” (PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY) 93,7748 74 084.7176944 0.91 RU000A108TV3 06.24.2027 OM
    4b02-01-40046-n-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ALROSA” (PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY) 98,9400 989.4 0.96 RU000A109L49 09/01/2028 OM
    4b02-02-40046-n-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ALROSA” (PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY) 100.0000 1,000 0.96 RU000A109SH2 06.04.2026 OM
    4B02-01-55319-E-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “NUCLEAR POWER INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX” 91,6200 916.2 0.96 RU000a103at8 06/18/2026 OM
    4B02-02-55319-E-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “NUCLEAR POWER INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX” 95.6000 956 0.96 RU000A105K85 01.12.2025 OM
    4b02-03-55319-E-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “NUCLEAR POWER INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX” 99.0000 990 0.96 RU000A109UD7 07.10.2027 OM
    4B02-04-55319-E-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “NUCLEAR POWER INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX” 101,5400 1,015.4 0.96 RU000A10B3A6 05.03.2027 OM
    4B02-01-62024-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MEDSI GROUP OF COMPANIES” 105,1600 1,051.6 0.93 RU000a105ya3 02.24.2038 OM
    4B02-02-62024-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MEDSI GROUP OF COMPANIES” 94,5300 945.3 0.93 RU000A105YB1 02.24.2038 OM
    4B02-03-62024-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MEDSI GROUP OF COMPANIES” 96,8100 968.1 0.93 RU000A106K27 06/25/2038 OM
    4-15-00739-a JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 100.0900 1,000.9 0.96 RU000A0JQAM6 06.09.2028 OM
    4-31-00739-a JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 100.9900 1,009.9 0.96 RU000A0JV4R9 31.01.2034 OM
    4b02-01-00739-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 101.8000 1 018 0.96 RU000A0ZYLU6 10.12.2027 OM
    4b02-01-00739-a-002p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 97,2900 972.9 0.96 RU000A105MN1 09/21/2027 OM
    4b02-02-00739-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 100.4100 1,004.1 0.96 RU000a0zyqu5 01/20/2028 OM
    4b02-02-00739-a-002p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 98,8200 988.2 0.96 RU000A107GB4 12/18/2025 OM
    4b02-03-00739-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 100.0600 1,000.6 0.96 RU000A0ZZ1N0 03/23/2028 OM
    4b02-03-00739-a-002p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 100,1800 1,001.8 0.96 RU000A107GC2 12/16/2027 OM
    4b02-04-00739-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 99,7300 997.3 0.96 RU000A0ZZ7C0 08.05.2028 OM
    4b02-04-00739-a-002p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 98,6600 986.6 0.96 RU000A108FC2 05/18/2028 OM
    4b02-05-00739-a JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 100,1700 1,001.7 0.96 RU000A0JX2R1 12/21/2049 OM
    4b02-05-00739-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 100.4500 1,004.5 0.96 RU000A1004W6 02/15/2029 OM
    4b02-05-00739-a-002p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 99,9100 999.1 0.96 RU000A109U97 10.10.2026 OM
    4b02-06-00739-a JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 100.7100 1,007.1 0.96 RU000A0ZYF20 03.11.2050 OM
    4b02-06-00739-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 99,9900 999.9 0.96 RU000A100et6 05/11/2039 OM
    4b02-07-00739-a JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 102,0500 1,020.5 0.96 RU000A0ZYF38 03.11.2050 OM
    4b02-07-00739-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 99,0900 990.9 0.96 RU000A101590 10.11.2039 OM
    4b02-08-00739-a JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 100.8500 1,008.5 0.96 RU000A0ZYFM5 11.11.2050 OM
    4b02-10-00739-a JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 98,8333 988.333 0.96 RU000A0ZYFN3 11.11.2050 OM
    4b02-12-00739-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “DOM.RF” 97,9400 979.4 0.96 RU000A1055Q0 08/29/2025 OM
    4-03-00350-D JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “WESTERN HIGH-SPEED DIAMETER” 94.7611 947.611 0.96 RU000A0JS4J1 01/28/2032 DM
    4-04-00350-D JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “WESTERN HIGH-SPEED DIAMETER” 99,8034 998,034 0.96 RU000A0JS4K9 01/28/2032 DM
    4b02-01-11394-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MOSCOW REGIONAL ENERGY GRID COMPANY” 97,7800 977.8 0.93 RU000A1099E4 07.24.2029 DM
    4B02-01-55470-E-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “PRODUCTION ASSOCIATION “URAL OPTICAL-MECHANICAL PLANT” NAMED AFTER E.S. YALAMOV” 84,3600 843.6 0.9 RU000A100EV2 05/23/2029 DM
    4-02-0586-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSAGROLEASING” 92,0200 920.2 0.93 RU000A102TA0 02.24.2026 OM
    4-03-0586-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSAGROLEASING” 90.5800 905.8 0.93 RU000A103QL1 09/15/2026 OM
    4-04-05886-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSAGROLEASING” 97,3200 973.2 0.93 RU000A107DM8 06.12.2028 OM
    4-05-0586-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSAGROLEASING” 93,5400 935.4 0.93 RU000A108447 04/30/2029 OM
    4b02-01-0586-a-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSAGROLEASING” 94,5500 945.5 0.93 RU000A108KT6 01/15/2027 OM
    4-08-55477-E JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “RUSNANO” 80.4800 804.8 0.8 RU000A1008V9 03/24/2028 DM
    4B02-06-3592-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “TRANSMASHHOLDING” 91,1600 911.6 0.93 RU000A1038D4 06.06.2026 DM
    4B02-07-3592-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “TRANSMASHHOLDING” 92,1100 921.1 0.93 RU000A106CU5 06.06.2026 DM
    4b02-01-55163-E-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “URAL STEEL” 94,5500 945.5 0.9 RU000A105Q63 24.12.2025 DM
    4B02-02-55163-E-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “URAL STEEL” 89.9000 899 0.9 RU000A1066A1 04/23/2026 DM
    4b02-03-55163-E-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “URAL STEEL” 98,3467 10,750.9662039 0.85 RU000A107U81 02/18/2026 DM
    4B02-05-55465-E-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “FEDERAL PASSENGER COMPANY” 95,6900 956.9 0.93 RU000A0ZZTL5 01.11.2028 DM
    4B02-07-55465-E-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “FEDERAL PASSENGER COMPANY” 94,9100 949.1 0.93 RU000A1012B3 02.11.2029 DM
    4-08-25642-h JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 90.7754 71 715,1077112 0.88 RU000A105A04 10/20/2028 OM
    4B02-02-25642-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 96,6958 10,570.4947686 0.88 RU000A1057D4 09.09.2027 OM
    4B02-03-25642-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 99,3685 10 862.6663145 0.88 RU000A105M75 10.12.2025 OM
    4B02-04-25642-H JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 91,9900 919.9 0.93 RU000A101EF3 01/29/2030 OM
    4B02-04-25642-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 97,0600 970.6 0.93 RU000A105W08 02/16/2027 OM
    4B02-05-25642-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 99,9868 10 930,2570156 0.88 RU000A1071S3 04/13/2026 OM
    4B02-06-25642-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 97,2600 972.6 0.93 RU000A1079S6 11/22/2027 OM
    4B02-08-25642-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 98,1300 981.3 0.93 RU000A108WY1 12.12.2026 OM
    4B02-09-25642-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 101,1500 1,011.5 0.93 RU000A10AFX9 06/16/2026 OM
    4b02-10-25642-H-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 102,7900 1,027.9 0.93 RU000A10AU99 04.02.2026 OM
    4B02-11-25642-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 103,8402 11,351.4991434 0.88 RU000A10YY8 02/19/2026 OM
    4B02-12-25642-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 105.6327 11,547.4498659 0.88 RU000A10B0C8 02/22/2027 OM
    4B02-13-25642-H-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “HOLDING COMPANY “METALLOINVEST” 100.0900 1,000.9 0.93 RU000A10B4D8 09.03.2027 OM
    4b02-02-12414-F-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY HOLDING COMPANY “NOVOTRANS” 95,8300 479.15 0.93 RU000A103133 07/16/2025 OM
    4B02-03-12414-F-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY HOLDING COMPANY “NOVOTRANS” 92,2900 922.9 0.93 RU000A105CM4 01/26/2026 OM
    4B02-04-12414-F-001P JOINT-STOCK COMPANY HOLDING COMPANY “NOVOTRANS” 93,9100 939.1 0.93 RU000A106SP1 05/25/2026 OM
    4b02-05-12414-F-001p JOINT-STOCK COMPANY HOLDING COMPANY “NOVOTRANS” 94,8900 948.9 0.93 RU000A107W06 02.12.2026 OM
    4B02-01-32432-H-002P JSC “GTLK” 94,5600 945.6 0.93 RU000A102VR0 02.29.2036 OM
    4B02-03-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 94,2500 942.5 0.93 RU000A0JXE06 01/21/2032 OM
    4B02-04-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 93,4100 934.1 0.93 RU000A0JXPG2 05.04.2032 OM
    4b02-05-32432-h JSC “GTLK” 97,9600 979.6 0.93 RU000A0JVWD9 10.10.2025 OM
    4b02-06-32432-h JSC “GTLK” 97.3000 973 0.93 RU000A0JVWJ6 10/17/2025 OM
    4b02-07-32432-h JSC “GTLK” 96,2600 962.6 0.93 RU000A0JW1P8 12/15/2025 OM
    4B02-07-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 88,4300 884.3 0.93 RU000A0ZYNY4 12/30/2032 OM
    4b02-08-32432-h JSC “GTLK” 95,3900 953.9 0.93 RU000A0JWST1 31.08.2026 OM
    4B02-08-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 87,0200 870.2 0.93 RU000A0ZYR91 01/17/2033 OM
    4B02-09-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 94,7200 947.2 0.93 RU000A0ZZ1J8 03/17/2033 OM
    4B02-10-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 95,2400 952.4 0.93 RU000A0ZZ984 05/19/2033 OM
    4b02-12-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 87,8600 878.6 0.93 RU000A0ZZV11 03.11.2033 OM
    4B02-13-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 86,3500 863.5 0.93 RU000A1003A4 01/19/2034 OM
    4b02-14-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 90,1900 901.9 0.93 RU000A100FE5 05.24.2034 OM
    4b02-15-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 95,7400 191.48 0.93 RU000A100Z91 10/20/2025 OM
    4B02-17-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 89,4600 894.6 0.93 RU000A101QL5 05/11/2035 OM
    4B02-18-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 81,9200 819.2 0.93 RU000A101SC0 05/22/2035 OM
    4B02-19-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 78,3800 783.8 0.93 RU000A101SD8 05/22/2035 OM
    4b02-20-32432-H-001P JSC “GTLK” 93,9400 939.4 0.93 RU000A1038M5 05/27/2036 OM
    4-01-14045-a JSC “UEC” 91,4100 914.1 0.9 RU000A0JWK74 06.06.2026 DM
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    4-06-40155-F PJSC “MMC “NORILSK NICKEL” 97,2996 76 869,408388 0.91 RU000A107C67 10/26/2026 OM
    4B02-02-40155-F-001P PJSC “MMC “NORILSK NICKEL” 97,0900 970.9 0.96 RU000A105A61 04.10.2027 OM
    4b02-05-40155-F-001p PJSC “MMC “NORILSK NICKEL” 100.3141 10,966.0364697 0.91 RU000A105ML5 12.12.2025 OM
    4b02-06-40155-F-001p PJSC “MMC “NORILSK NICKEL” 97,8176 10 693,1265792 0.91 RU000A105NL3 06/17/2026 OM
    4b02-07-40155-F-001p PJSC “MMC “NORILSK NICKEL” 98,1200 981.2 0.96 RU000A1083A6 02/27/2029 OM
    4b02-08-40155-F-001p PJSC “MMC “NORILSK NICKEL” 101.6087 8 027,37180436 0.91 RU000A10B4K3 02/22/2030 OM
    4b02-09-40155-F PJSC “MMC “NORILSK NICKEL” 97.5000 975 0.96 RU000A1069N8 05/16/2028 OM
    4b02-10-40155-F PJSC “MMC “NORILSK NICKEL” 98,1600 981.6 0.96 RU000A109TW9 09.25.2029 OM
    4B02-06-32432-H-001P PJSC “STATE TRANSPORT LEASING COMPANY” 93,6600 551.788524 0.93 RU000A0ZYAP9 09.09.2025 OM
    4B02-16-32432-H-001P PJSC “STATE TRANSPORT LEASING COMPANY” 82,6700 310.0125 0.93 RU000A101GD3 02/18/2026 OM
    4B02-01-60525-P-004P PJSC “MAGNIT” 95,9400 959.4 0.96 RU000A105KQ8 01.12.2025 OM
    4B02-01-60525-P-005P PJSC “MAGNIT” 103,5200 1,035.2 0.96 RU000A10ANZ8 04/17/2026 OM
    4B02-02-60525-P-004P PJSC “MAGNIT” 94,6800 946.8 0.96 RU000A105TP1 02.02.2028 OM
    4B02-02-60525-P-005P PJSC “MAGNIT” 106.5000 1,065 0.96 RU000A10AXH5 09/10/2026 OM
    4B02-03-60525-P-005P PJSC “MAGNIT” 100.7600 1,007.6 0.96 RU000A10B0A2 08/26/2026 OM
    4B02-05-60525-P-004P PJSC “MAGNIT” 104,7900 1,047.9 0.96 RU000A10A9Z1 11/12/2029 OM
    4B02-06-60525-P-004P PJSC “MAGNIT” 100,1400 1,001.4 0.96 RU000A1090K0 07/10/2026 OM
    4b02-04-00822-j-002p PJSC “MEGAFON” 99.1000 991 0.96 RU000A108QA3 12/14/2026 OM
    4b02-05-00822-j-002p PJSC “MEGAFON” 98,3200 983.2 0.96 RU000A108Q94 02/12/2027 OM
    4b02-06-00822-j-002p PJSC “MEGAFON” 98,8200 988.2 0.96 RU000A1094E5 07/27/2026 OM
    4b02-07-00822-j-002p PJSC “MEGAFON” 99.3000 993 0.96 RU000A109SZ4 04/14/2027 OM
    4B02-03-55039-E-001P PJSC “MOEK” 101,3100 1,013.1 0.96 RU000A101228 06.11.2025 OM
    4B02-04-55039-E-001P PJSC “MOEK” 98,8800 988.8 0.96 RU000A101XS6 07/14/2026 OM
    4B02-05-55039-E-001P PJSC “MOEK” 94.9000 949 0.96 RU000A105NK5 12/13/2028 OM
    4b02-01-00096-a-001p PJSC “NIZHNEKAMSKNEFTEKHIM” 94,9500 949.5 0.96 RU000A0ZZZ17 06.12.2028 OM
    4b02-02-00096-a-001p PJSC “NIZHNEKAMSKNEFTEKHIM” 87,0500 870.5 0.96 RU000A103QQ0 09/12/2028 OM
    4b02-03-00096-a-001p PJSC “NIZHNEKAMSKNEFTEKHIM” 97,9600 979.6 0.96 RU000A109KW8 08/14/2031 OM
    4-12-00102-a PJSC NLMK 96,4146 86 779,6961928 0.91 RU000A108PR9 01.06.2026 OM
    4-13-00102-a PJSC NLMK 99,7086 78 772.5858408 0.91 RU000A107L8 05/29/2026 OM
    4b02-02-55052-E-002p PJSC “NOVABEV GROUP” 94,7800 473.9 0.93 RU000A102GU5 04.12.2025 DM
    4b02-03-55052-E-002p PJSC “NOVABEV GROUP” 90.7000 907 0.93 RU000A104Y15 06.07.2026 DM
    4B02-04-55052-E-002P PJSC “NOVABEV GROUP” 98,5800 985.8 0.93 RU000A108CA3 04/15/2026 DM
    4b02-05-55052-E-002p PJSC “NOVABEV GROUP” 99,8100 998.1 0.93 RU000A1099A2 08.08.2027 DM
    4-01-55192-E PJSC “POLYUS” 90.7587 71 701,9142436 0.91 RU000A108P79 10/13/2028 OM
    4b02-01-55192-E-001p PJSC “POLYUS” 100.5800 1,005.8 0.96 RU000A100XC2 09/28/2029 OM
    4b02-02-55192-E-001p PJSC “POLYUS” 96,7396 10,575.2828532 0.91 RU000A1054W1 08/23/2027 OM
    4b02-03-55192-E-001p PJSC “POLYUS” 89,5300 895.3 0.96 RU000A105VC5 02.02.2028 OM
    4B02-04-55192-E-001P PJSC “POLYUS” 100.3947 7 931,46240516 0.91 RU000A108L81 08.05.2029 OM
    4B02-01-00073-A-001P PJSC “ROSSETI LENENERGO” 98,3300 983.3 0.96 RU000A107EC7 11/26/2027 DM
    4b02-04-32501-D PJSC “ROSSETI URAL” 94,2100 942.1 0.93 RU000A100ZD5 10.10.2029 OM
    4b02-01-55038-E-002p PJSC RUSHYDRO 100.6700 1,006.7 0.96 RU000A10A349 03.11.2026 OM
    4b02-03-55038-E-002p PJSC RUSHYDRO 105,4900 1,054.9 0.96 RU000A10A6C6 05/21/2026 OM
    4B02-04-55038-E-002P PJSC RUSHYDRO 106,8600 1,068.6 0.96 RU000A10A8H1 06/26/2026 OM
    4B02-05-55038-E-002P PJSC RUSHYDRO 102,0300 1,020.3 0.96 RU000A10AB8 08.12.2026 OM
    4B02-06-55038-E-001P PJSC RUSHYDRO 90.8800 908.8 0.96 RU000A1057P8 09/14/2026 OM
    4B02-07-55038-E-001P PJSC RUSHYDRO 96,1700 961.7 0.96 RU000A105HC4 11/20/2025 OM
    4B02-09-55038-E-001P PJSC RUSHYDRO 94,4600 944.6 0.96 RU000A105SL2 01/27/2026 OM
    4b02-10-55038-E-001p PJSC RUSHYDRO 97,3800 973.8 0.96 RU000A106037 03/17/2028 OM
    4b02-11-55038-E-001p PJSC RUSHYDRO 93,8500 938.5 0.96 RU000A106GD2 03/30/2026 OM
    4B02-12-55038-E-001P PJSC RUSHYDRO 97,6300 976.3 0.96 RU000A106ZU6 03.10.2028 OM
    4b02-01-65134-D-001p PJSC “SIBUR HOLDING” 95.0000 950 0.96 RU000A104XW2 01/19/2026 OM
    4b02-03-65134-D PJSC “SIBUR HOLDING” 99,0800 990.8 0.96 RU000A103DS4 06/30/2031 OM
    4b02-08-00206-a-001p PJSC TRANSNEFT 96,7500 967.5 0.96 RU000A0ZYDD9 08.10.2025 OM
    4b02-13-00206-a-001p PJSC TRANSNEFT 88.6000 886 0.96 RU000A1010B7 10/29/2026 OM
    4b02-11-16493-a-001p PJSC “GC “SAMOLET” 99,3400 993.4 0.9 RU000A104JQ3 07.02.2028 DM
    4b02-12-16493-a-001p PJSC “GC “SAMOLET” 99,1100 991.1 0.9 RU000A104YT6 07/10/2025 DM
    4b02-13-16493-a-001p PJSC “GC “SAMOLET” 89,3200 893.2 0.9 RU000A107RZ0 01/22/2027 DM
    4b02-03-10214-a-001p PJSC “ROSSETI CENTER” 97,8100 978.1 0.96 RU000A107AG6 05/17/2027 DM
    4-22-65018-D PJSC “ROSSETI” 99,5500 995.5 0.96 RU000A0JSQ58 07/21/2027 OM
    4b02-04-65018-D PJSC “ROSSETI” 101,9400 1,019.4 0.96 RU000A0ZYJ91 10/22/2052 OM
    4b02-04-65018-D-001p PJSC “ROSSETI” 70.6100 706.1 0.96 RU000A101CL5 12/29/2034 OM
    4b02-05-65018-D PJSC “ROSSETI” 89.3000 893 0.96 RU000A1056S4 08.08.2057 OM
    4b02-05-65018-D-001p PJSC “ROSSETI” 99,4600 994.6 0.96 RU000A101LX1 04/10/2035 OM
    4b02-06-65018-D-001p PJSC “ROSSETI” 90,7700 907.7 0.96 RU000A105559 08/17/2032 OM
    4b02-07-65018-D-001p PJSC “ROSSETI” 99,4100 994.1 0.96 RU000A105PH6 07.12.2037 OM
    4b02-08-65018-D-001p PJSC “ROSSETI” 100.4000 1,004 0.96 RU000A105VQ5 01.02.2038 OM
    4b02-11-65018-D-001p PJSC “ROSSETI” 96,1100 961.1 0.96 RU000A107CG2 07.12.2029 OM
    4b02-13-65018-D-001p PJSC “ROSSETI” 98,8500 988.5 0.96 RU000a109528 07/16/2027 OM
    4B02-14-65018-D-001P PJSC “ROSSETI” 99.2000 992 0.96 RU000A109ZQ8 10/21/2026 OM
    4b02-15-65018-D-001p PJSC “ROSSETI” 105,4900 1,054.9 0.96 RU000A10ASB8 07.24.2026 OM
    4b02-16-65018-D-001p PJSC “ROSSETI” 103,1300 1,031.3 0.96 RU000A10atT8 04/30/2026 OM
    4b02-01-03388-D-001p PJSC “TGK-1” 95,0300 950.3 0.93 RU000A105NB4 12/15/2027 OM
    4b02-08-00013-a PJSC ANK BASHNEFT 85,4700 854.7 0.96 RU000A0JWGD0 04/28/2026 DM
    4b02-01-0169-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 98,1800 981.8 0.93 RU000A0JVUK8 09/29/2025 OM
    4b02-01-0169-a-002p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 102,6300 1,026.3 0.93 RU000A10B024 03/23/2028 OM
    4b02-04-0169-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 103,7400 1,037.4 0.93 RU000A0JWYQ5 10/29/2026 OM
    4b02-05-0169-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 98,8400 988.4 0.93 RU000A0JWZY6 12.11.2026 OM
    4b02-06-0169-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 86,4800 864.8 0.93 RU000A0JXN21 03/25/2027 OM
    4b02-07-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 97,9700 979.7 0.93 RU000A0ZYQY7 01/20/2028 OM
    4b02-09-0169-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 92,3700 923.7 0.93 RU000A1005L6 02.20.2029 OM
    4b02-10-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 96,2200 962.2 0.93 RU000A1008J4 03/22/2029 OM
    4b02-11-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 84,2800 842.8 0.93 RU000A100N12 07/13/2029 OM
    4b02-12-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 99,6100 996.1 0.93 RU000A101012 10/22/2029 OM
    4b02-13-0169-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 98,0500 980.5 0.93 RU000A101Q26 05/14/2030 OM
    4b02-14-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 83,7900 837.9 0.93 RU000A101XN7 09.07.2030 OM
    4b02-15-0169-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 98,7500 987.5 0.93 RU000A1023K1 08/23/2030 OM
    4b02-16-0169-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 83,1600 831.6 0.93 RU000A102FS1 11/22/2030 OM
    4b02-17-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 100.2800 1,002.8 0.93 RU000A102FT9 11/22/2030 OM
    4b02-18-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 101,4200 1,014.2 0.93 RU000A102SV8 02/14/2031 OM
    4b02-19-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 107,7400 1,077.4 0.93 RU000A102SX4 02/14/2031 OM
    4b02-20-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 88,7300 887.3 0.93 RU000A103372 04/29/2031 OM
    4b02-21-0169-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 87.5000 875 0.93 RU000A103C95 06/20/2031 OM
    4b02-23-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 91,1200 911.2 0.93 RU000A104693 11/20/2031 OM
    4b02-24-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 94,1500 941.5 0.93 RU000A105L27 11/23/2032 OM
    4b02-26-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 85,4800 854.8 0.93 RU000A106Z46 09/27/2027 OM
    4b02-27-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 84,7600 847.6 0.93 RU000A107GX8 12/20/2027 OM
    4b02-28-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 84.4000 844 0.93 RU000A107SM6 09.02.2028 OM
    4b02-29-01669-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 84,7300 847.3 0.93 RU000A108GL1 05/17/2028 OM
    4b02-30-0169-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 84,2700 842.7 0.93 RU000A108GN7 08/16/2028 OM
    4b02-31-0169-a-001p PJSC AFK SISTEMA 83,8700 838.7 0.93 RU000A1098F3 07.11.2028 OM
    4b02-01-65105-D-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “SECOND GENERATING COMPANY OF THE WHOLESALE ELECTRICITY MARKET” 92,2100 922.1 0.96 RU000A101WR0 07.07.2026 OM
    4b02-01-00027-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “VIMPEL-COMMUNICATIONS” 83,3700 833.7 0.93 RU000A105XE7 09/13/2028 OM
    4b02-02-00027-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “VIMPEL-COMMUNICATIONS” 94,5800 945.8 0.93 RU000A105WC3 01/16/2026 OM
    4b02-03-00027-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “VIMPEL-COMMUNICATIONS” 83,1600 831.6 0.93 RU000A105YK2 04/16/2027 OM
    4b02-04-00027-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “VIMPEL-COMMUNICATIONS” 82,8700 828.7 0.93 RU000A105WK6 04/14/2028 OM
    4b02-05-00027-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “VIMPEL-COMMUNICATIONS” 86,5500 865.5 0.93 RU000A105W81 02/12/2027 OM
    4b02-06-00027-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “VIMPEL-COMMUNICATIONS” 87,1600 871.6 0.93 RU000A105TY3 02/11/2028 OM
    4b02-07-00027-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “VIMPEL-COMMUNICATIONS” 83,8400 838.4 0.93 RU000A105WP5 09.02.2029 OM
    4b02-08-00027-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “VIMPEL-COMMUNICATIONS” 77,8800 778.8 0.93 RU000A105x80 03.03.2029 OM
    4B02-06-55234-E-001P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “LSR GROUP” 90,7500 363 0.9 RU000A102T63 02.20.2026 DM
    4B02-07-55234-E-001P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “LSR GROUP” 90.8600 726.88 0.9 RU000A103PX8 09/11/2025 DM
    4B02-08-55234-E-001P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “LSR GROUP” 93,3400 933.4 0.9 RU000A106888 05/12/2026 DM
    4B02-09-55234-E-001P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “LSR GROUP” 93,5800 935.8 0.9 RU000A1082x0 05.03.2027 DM
    4b02-01-10797-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “CHERKIZOVO GROUP” 106,3577 11 626.7046909 0.88 RU000A10B4V0 03/12/2027 OM
    4b02-04-10797-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “CHERKIZOVO GROUP” 90.9100 909.1 0.93 RU000A102LD1 12/18/2025 OM
    4b02-05-10797-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “CHERKIZOVO GROUP” 97.1000 971 0.93 RU000A105C28 10/22/2025 OM
    4b02-07-10797-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “CHERKIZOVO GROUP” 97,5500 975.5 0.93 RU000A1094F2 07/14/2027 OM
    4b02-08-10797-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “CHERKIZOVO GROUP” 100.9100 1,009.1 0.93 RU000A10B420 09.09.2026 OM
    4-09-55010-D PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “KAMAZ” 81,3300 813.3 0.93 RU000A0ZZ885 06/06/2033 DM
    4-10-55010-D PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “KAMAZ” 81,6700 816.7 0.93 RU000A0ZZ877 06/06/2033 DM
    4-11-55010-D PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “KAMAZ” 87,4800 874.8 0.93 RU000A0ZZ893 06/06/2033 DM
    4B02-10-55010-D-001P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “KAMAZ” 100.2100 1,002.1 0.93 RU000A104ZC9 07/17/2025 OM
    4B02-11-55010-D-001P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “KAMAZ” 97,0900 970.9 0.93 RU000A107MM9 01/20/2026 OM
    4b02-12-55010-D-001P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “KAMAZ” 94,8200 948.2 0.93 RU000A109JW0 09/13/2027 OM
    4B02-13-55010-D-001P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “KAMAZ” 99,5900 995.9 0.93 RU000A109VM6 10/14/2026 OM
    4b02-03-16419-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “LEASING COMPANY “EUROPLAN” 103,1100 1,031.1 0.93 RU000A103KJ8 07.08.2031 OM
    4B02-03-56453-P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “LEASING COMPANY “EUROPLAN” 103,7200 1,037.2 0.93 RU000A100W60 09/19/2029 OM
    4b02-05-16419-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “LEASING COMPANY “EUROPLAN” 98,6600 246.65 0.93 RU000A105518 08/26/2025 OM
    4B02-05-56453-P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “LEASING COMPANY “EUROPLAN” 100.8300 1,008.3 0.93 RU000A1004K1 02/13/2029 OM
    4B02-06-56453-P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “LEASING COMPANY “EUROPLAN” 105,7700 423.08 0.93 RU000A100DG5 05/17/2027 OM
    4B02-07-56453-P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “LEASING COMPANY “EUROPLAN” 103,6600 1,036.6 0.93 RU000A0JWVL2 09/28/2026 OM
    4B02-08-56453-P PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “LEASING COMPANY “EUROPLAN” 99,7100 997.1 0.93 RU000A0ZZBC2 06/19/2028 OM
    4b02-01-04715-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MOBILE TELESYSTEMS” 94,8700 948.7 0.96 RU000A1075E4 10/25/2027 OM
    4B02-02-04715-A PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MOBILE TELESYSTEMS” 91,4200 914.2 0.96 RU000A0JWRV9 08/14/2031 OM
    4b02-02-04715-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MOBILE TELESYSTEMS” 95,2100 952.1 0.96 RU000A1078S8 11/14/2028 OM
    4b02-04-04715-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MOBILE TELESYSTEMS” 95,3200 953.2 0.96 RU000A1083U4 09/22/2027 OM
    4b02-05-04715-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MOBILE TELESYSTEMS” 95,6700 956.7 0.96 RU000A1083W0 09/22/2027 OM
    4b02-06-04715-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MOBILE TELESYSTEMS” 94,4300 944.3 0.96 RU000a109312 07/19/2028 OM
    4b02-14-04715-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MOBILE TELESYSTEMS” 86,4500 864.5 0.96 RU000A101FH6 02/10/2027 OM
    4b02-15-04715-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MOBILE TELESYSTEMS” 87,0800 870.8 0.96 RU000A101NG2 03.11.2026 OM
    4b02-20-04715-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MOBILE TELESYSTEMS” 95,2200 952.2 0.96 RU000A104SU6 04/30/2026 OM
    4b02-21-04715-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MOBILE TELESYSTEMS” 93,1700 931.7 0.96 RU000A104WJ1 06/19/2026 OM
    4b02-27-04715-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “MOBILE TELESYSTEMS” 101,2500 1,012.5 0.96 RU000A109SK6 04/10/2026 OM
    4b02-01-00221-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “OIL AND GAS COMPANY “SLAVNEFT” 101,5300 1,015.3 0.93 RU000A101T64 03/03/2030 OM
    4b02-02-00221-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “OIL AND GAS COMPANY “SLAVNEFT” 91,7500 917.5 0.93 RU000A1007H0 03/14/2029 OM
    4b02-04-00221-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “OIL AND GAS COMPANY “SLAVNEFT” 100.4300 1,004.3 0.93 RU000A104WF9 06/10/2032 OM
    4b02-05-00221-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “OIL AND GAS COMPANY “SLAVNEFT” 96,5300 965.3 0.93 RU000A108ZH9 12.05.2034 OM
    4-17-00077-a PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “OIL COMPANY “LUKOIL” 99,2735 78 428,844658 0.91 RU000A1059N9 10/30/2026 OM
    4-18-00077-a PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “OIL COMPANY “LUKOIL” 95,2498 75 250.0089944 0.91 RU000A1059P4 04/23/2027 OM
    4-19-00077-a PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “OIL COMPANY “LUKOIL” 87.6755 69 266.099914 0.91 RU000A1059Q2 03/03/2030 OM
    4-20-00077-a PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “OIL COMPANY “LUKOIL” 86.4063 68 263,3963764 0.91 RU000A1059R0 10.24.2031 OM
    4b02-01-00268-E-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “NOVATEK” 93,3400 933.4 0.96 RU000A106938 05/18/2026 OM
    4b02-02-00268-E-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “NOVATEK” 100.6702 7 953,22767656 0.91 RU000A108G70 05/15/2029 OM
    4b02-03-00268-E-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “NOVATEK” 108,2880 8 555,0552064 0.91 RU000A10AUX8 02/25/2028 OM
    4b02-04-0156-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “PIK-SPECIALIZED DEVELOPER” 104,3700 1,043.7 0.93 RU000A0ZZ1M2 03/23/2028 DM
    4b02-05-65116-D-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSSETI MOSCOW REGION” 99,7700 997.7 0.96 RU000A107DP1 11/27/2026 OM
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    4b02-02-00124-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 104,2100 1,042.1 0.93 RU000A0JXPN8 04/13/2027 OM
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    4b02-04-00124-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 101,9300 1,019.3 0.93 RU000a0zye3 02.03.2028 OM
    4b02-05-00124-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 96,7900 967.9 0.93 RU000A100881 03/20/2029 OM
    4b02-06-00124-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 97.9000 979 0.93 RU000A105LC6 04/04/2025 OM
    4b02-06-00124-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 90.0500 900.5 0.93 RU000A103EZ7 07/16/2026 OM
    4b02-07-00124-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 98,3800 983.8 0.93 RU000A108GR8 05/19/2027 OM
    4b02-07-00124-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 95,4200 954.2 0.93 RU000A104TD0 05.05.2026 OM
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    4b02-09-00124-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 98,2200 982.2 0.93 RU000A1095W4 03/03/2027 OM
    4b02-09-00124-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 94,1500 941.5 0.93 RU000A1051E5 01/28/2026 OM
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    4b02-11-00124-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 98,9900 989.9 0.93 RU000A109JS8 09/10/2027 OM
    4b02-12-00124-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 99,8700 998.7 0.93 RU000A109X29 04/20/2026 OM
    4b02-13-00124-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 102,6600 1,026.6 0.93 RU000A10A3R1 11/13/2025 OM
    4b02-13-00124-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 96,8800 968.8 0.93 RU000a107910 02/19/2026 OM
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    4b02-14-00124-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “ROSTELECOM” 97,6700 976.7 0.93 RU000A1085D5 31.03.2026 OM
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    4b02-06-00143-a PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “SEVERSTAL” 94,0200 940.2 0.96 RU000A1008W7 03/26/2029 OM
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    4b02-06-00122-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “OIL COMPANY “ROSNEFT” 100.1000 1 001 0.96 RU000A0JXSD3 07/13/2027 OM
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    4b02-07-00122-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “OIL COMPANY “ROSNEFT” 99.9000 999 0.96 RU000A0JXXE1 07/13/2027 OM
    4b02-08-00122-a-001p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “OIL COMPANY “ROSNEFT” 100.0000 1,000 0.96 RU000A0ZYCP5 09/29/2027 OM
    4b02-08-00122-a-002p PUBLIC JOINT-STOCK COMPANY “OIL COMPANY “ROSNEFT” 86.1000 861 0.96 RU000A100KY3 06/29/2029 OM
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    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: Statement by UNICEF Executive Director Catherine Russell on the children killed by the alarming escalation of violence in the Middle East

    Source: UNICEF

    NEW YORK, 15 June 2025 – “This weekend’s surge in violence across the Middle East signals a dangerous escalation. Children are once again paying the ultimate price.

    “Since Friday, an intense military escalation in the region has seen strikes on Iran and Israel hit residential areas, killing and injuring civilians – including children – and causing damage to civilian infrastructure.

    “Beyond the death toll, this alarming escalation creates widespread fear and trauma among children in all communities.

    “UNICEF strongly condemns all forms of violence against children. Our thoughts are with all the families and communities mourning this tragic loss of life.

    “We reiterate the Secretary-General’s call for all sides to show maximum restraint, avoiding at all costs a descent into deeper conflict, a situation the region and its children cannot afford.

    “UNICEF urgently calls on all parties to uphold their obligations under international law and to ensure the protection of civilians, in particular children. All children have the right to live without the threat of war and violence.

    “UNICEF, together with other UN agencies and humanitarian partners, is actively assessing the situation and remains ready to scale up support to affected children and their families as needed and requested.”

    About UNICEF

    UNICEF, the United Nations agency for children, works to protect the rights of every child, everywhere, especially the most disadvantaged children and in the toughest places to reach. Across more than 190 countries and territories, we do whatever it takes to help children survive, thrive, and fulfil their potential. 
    For more information about UNICEF and its work, please visit: www.unicef.org

    MIL OSI New Zealand News –

  • Israel-Iran battle escalates, will be high on agenda as world leaders meet

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Israel and Iran kept up their attacks, killing and wounding civilians and raising concern among world leaders at a G7 meeting in Canada this week that the biggest battle between the two old enemies could lead to a broader regional conflict.

    The Iranian death toll in four days of Israeli strikes, carried out with the declared aim of wiping out Iran’s nuclear and ballistic missile programs, had reached at least 224, with 90% of the casualties reported to be civilians, an Iranian health ministry spokesperson said.

    Early on Monday, the Israeli military said it had detected more missiles launched from Iran towards Israel.

    “At this time, the (Israeli Air Force) is operating to intercept and strike where necessary to eliminate the threat,” the Israeli Defence Forces said. Live video footage showed several missiles over Tel Aviv and Reuters witnesses said explosions could be heard there and over Jerusalem.

    At least 10 people in Israel, including children, have been killed so far, according to authorities there.

    Group of Seven leaders began gathering in the Canadian Rockies on Sunday with the Israel-Iran conflict expected to be a top priority.

    German Chancellor Friedrich Merz said his goals for the summit include for Iran to not develop or possess nuclear weapons, ensuring Israel’s right to defend itself, avoiding escalation of the conflict and creating room for diplomacy.

    “This issue will be very high on the agenda of the G7 summit,” Merz told reporters.

    Before leaving for the summit on Sunday, U.S. President Donald Trump was asked what he was doing to de-escalate the situation. “I hope there’s going to be a deal. I think it’s time for a deal,” he told reporters. “Sometimes they have to fight it out.”

    Iran has told mediators Qatar and Oman that it is not open to negotiating a ceasefire while it is under Israeli attack, an official briefed on the communications told Reuters on Sunday.

    FIRST DAYLIGHT ATTACK ON ISRAEL

    Explosions shook Tel Aviv on Sunday during Iran’s first daylight missile attack since Israel’s strike on Friday. Shortly after nightfall, Iranian missiles hit a residential street in Haifa, a mixed Jewish-Arab city, and in Israel’s south.

    In Bat Yam, a city near Tel Aviv, residents braced on Sunday evening for another sleepless night after an overnight strike on an apartment tower.

    “It’s very dreadful. It’s not fun. People are losing their lives and their homes,” said Shem, 29.

    Images from Tehran showed the night sky lit up by a huge blaze at a fuel depot after Israel began strikes against Iran’s oil and gas sector – raising the stakes for the global economy and the functioning of the Iranian state.

    Brent crude futures were up $1.04, or 1.4%, to $75.39 a barrel by 0115 GMT, having jumped as much as $4 earlier in the session. While the spike in oil prices has investors on edge, stock and currency markets were little moved in early trading in Asia on Monday.

    “It’s more of an oil story than an equity story at this point,” said Jim Carroll, senior wealth adviser and portfolio manager at Ballast Rock Private Wealth. “Stocks right now seem to be hanging on.”

    TRUMP VETOES PLAN TO TARGET KHAMENEI, OFFICIALS SAY

    In Washington, two U.S. officials told Reuters that Trump had vetoed an Israeli plan in recent days to kill Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei.

    When asked about the Reuters report, Netanyahu told Fox News on Sunday: “There’s so many false reports of conversations that never happened, and I’m not going to get into that.”

    “We do what we need to do,” he told Fox’s “Special Report With Bret Baier.”

    Israel began the assault with a surprise attack on Friday that wiped out the top echelon of Iran’s military command and damaged its nuclear sites, and says the campaign will escalate in the coming days.

    The intelligence chief of Iran’s Revolutionary Guards, Mohammad Kazemi, and his deputy were killed in attacks on Tehran on Sunday, Iran’s semi-official Tasnim news agency said.

    Iran has vowed to “open the gates of hell” in retaliation.

    TRUMP WARNS IRAN NOT TO ATTACK

    Trump has lauded Israel’s offensive while denying Iranian allegations that the U.S. has taken part and warning Tehran not to widen its retaliation to include U.S. targets.

    Two U.S. officials said on Friday the U.S. military had helped shoot down Iranian missiles that were headed toward Israel.

    The U.S. president has repeatedly said Iran could end the war by agreeing to tough restrictions on its nuclear program, which Iran says is for peaceful purposes but which Western countries and the IAEA nuclear watchdog say could be used to make an atomic bomb.

    The latest round of nuclear negotiations between Iran and the U.S., due on Sunday, was scrapped after Tehran said it would not negotiate while under Israeli attack.

    (Reuters)