NewzIntel.com

    • Checkout Page
    • Contact Us
    • Default Redirect Page
    • Frontpage
    • Home-2
    • Home-3
    • Lost Password
    • Member Login
    • Member LogOut
    • Member TOS Page
    • My Account
    • NewzIntel Alert Control-Panel
    • NewzIntel Latest Reports
    • Post Views Counter
    • Privacy Policy
    • Public Individual Page
    • Register
    • Subscription Plan
    • Thank You Page

Category: Russian Federation

  • MIL-Evening Report: Greta Thunberg tried to shame Western leaders – and found they have no shame

    ANALYSIS: By Jonathan Cook in Middle East Eye

    If you imagined Western politicians and media were finally showing signs of waking up to Israel’s genocide in Gaza, think again.

    Even the decision this week by several Western states, led by the UK, to ban the entry of Bezalel Smotrich and Itamar Ben Gvir, two far-right Israeli cabinet ministers, is not quite the pushback it is meant to seem.

    Britain, Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Norway may be seeking strength in numbers to withstand retaliation from Israel and the United States. But in truth, they have selected the most limited and symbolic of all the possible sanctions they could have imposed on the Israeli government.

    Their meagre action is motivated solely out of desperation. They urgently need to deter Israel from carrying through plans to formally annex the Occupied West Bank and thereby tear away the last remnants of the two-state comfort blanket — the West’s solitary pretext for decades of inaction.

    And as a bonus, the entry ban makes Britain and the others look like they are getting tough with Israel on Gaza, even as they do nothing to stop the mounting horrors there.

    Even the Israeli Ha’aretz newspaper’s senior columnist Gideon Levy mocked what he called a “tiny, ridiculous step” by the UK and others, saying it would make no difference to the slaughter in Gaza. He called for sanctions against “Israel in its entirety”.

    “Do they really believe this punishment will have some sort of effect on Israel’s moves?” Levy asked incredulously.

    2500 sanctions on Russia
    Remember as Britain raps two cabinet ministers on the knuckles that the West has imposed more than 2500 sanctions on Russia.

    While David Lammy, the UK’s Foreign Secretary, worries about the future of a non-existent diplomatic process — one trashed by Israel two decades ago — Palestinian children are still starving to death unseen.

    The genocide is not going to end unless the West forces Israel to stop. This week more than 40 Israeli military intelligence officers went on an effective strike, refusing to be involved in combat operations, saying Israel was waging a “clearly illegal” and “eternal war” in Gaza.

    Yet Starmer and Lammy will not even concede that Israel has violated international law.  

    What is clear is that British Prime Minister Keir Starmer’s sighs of regret last month — expressing how “intolerable” he finds the “situation” in Gaza — were purely performative.

    Starmer and the rest of the Western establishment have continued tolerating what they claim to find “intolerable”, even as the death toll from Israel’s bombs, gunfire and starvation campaign grow day by day.

    Those emaciated children — profoundly malnourished, their stick-then legs covered by the thinnest membrane of skin — aren’t going to recover without meaningful intervention. Their condition won’t stabilise while Israel deprives them of food day after day. Sooner or later they will die, mostly out of our view.

    Parents must risk lives
    Meanwhile, desperate parents must now risk their lives, forced to run the gauntlet of Israeli gunfire, in a — usually forlorn — bid to be among the handful of families able to grab paltry supplies of largely unusable, dried food. Most families have no water or fuel to cook with.

    As if mocking Palestinians, the Western media continue to refer to this real-life, scaled-up Hunger Games — imposed by Israel in place of the long-established United Nations relief system — as “aid distribution”.

    We are supposed to believe it is addressing Gaza’s “humanitarian crisis” even as it deepens the crisis.

    On the kindest analysis, Western capitals are settling back into a mix of silence and deflections, having got in their excuses just before Israel crosses the finishing line of its genocide.

    They have readied their alibis for the moment when international journalists are allowed in — the day after the population of Gaza has either been exterminated or violently herded into neighbouring Sinai.

    Or more likely, a bit of both.

    Truth inverted
    What distinguishes Israel’s ongoing slaughter of the two million-plus people of Gaza is this. It is the first stage-managed genocide in history. It is a Holocaust rewritten as public theatre, a spectacle in which every truth is carefully inverted.

    That can best be achieved, of course, if those trying to write a different, honest script are eliminated. The extent and authorship of the horrors can be edited out, or obscured through a series of red herrings, misdirecting onlookers.

    Israel has murdered more than 220 Palestinian journalists in Gaza over the past 20 months, and has been keeping Western journalists far from the killing fields.

    Like the West’s politicians, the foreign correspondents finally piped up last month — in their case, to protest at being barred from Gaza. No less than the politicians, they were keen to ready their excuses.

    They have careers and their future credibility to think about, after all.

    The journalists have publicly worried that they are being excluded because Israel has something to hide. As though Israel had nothing to hide in the preceding 20 months, when those same journalists docilely accepted their exclusion — and invariably regurgitated Israel’s deceitful spin on its atrocities.

    If you imagine that the reporting from Gaza would have been much different had the BBC, CNN, The Guardian or The New York Times had reporters on the ground, think again.

    The truth is the coverage would have looked much as it has done for more than a year and a half, with Israel dictating the story lines, with Israel’s denials foregrounded, with Israel’s claims of Hamas “terrorists” in every hospital, school, bakery, university, and refugee camp used to justify the destruction and slaughter.

    British doctors volunteering in Gaza who have told us there were no Hamas fighters in the hospitals they worked in, or anyone armed apart from the Israeli soldiers that shot up their medical facilities, would not be more believed because Jeremy Bowen interviewed them in Khan Younis rather than Richard Madeley in a London studio.

    Breaking the blockade
    If proof of that was needed, it came this week with the coverage of Israel’s brazen act of piracy against a UK-flagged ship, the Madleen, trying to break Israel’s genocidal aid blockade.

    Israel’s law-breaking did not happen this time in sealed-off Gaza, or against dehumanised Palestinians.

    Israel’s slaughter of the two million-plus people of Gaza is the first stage-managed genocide in history. It is a Holocaust rewritten as public theatre

    Israel’s ramming and seizure of the vessel took place on the high seas, and targeted a 12-member Western crew, including the famed young Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg. All were abducted and taken to Israel.

    Thunberg was trying to use her celebrity to draw attention to Israel’s illegal, genocidal blockade of aid. She did so precisely by trying to break that blockade peacefully.

    The defiance of the Madleen’s crew in sailing to Gaza was intended to shame Western governments that are under a legal — and it goes without saying, moral — obligation to stop a genocide under the provisions of the 1948 Genocide Convention they have ratified.

    Western citizens wring hands
    Western capitals have been ostentatiously wringing their hands at the “humanitarian crisis” of Israel starving two million people in full view of the world.

    The Madleen’s mission was to emphasise that those states could do much more than tell two Israeli cabinet ministers they are not welcome to visit. Together they could break the blockade, if they so wished.

    Britain, France and Canada — all of whom claimed last month that the “situation” in Gaza was “intolerable” — could organise a joint naval fleet carrying aid to Gaza through international waters. They would arrive in Palestinian territorial waters off the coast of Gaza.

    At no point would they be in Israel territory.

    Any attempt by Israel to interfere would be an act of war against these three states — and against Nato. The reality is Israel would be forced to pull back and allow the aid in.

    But, of course, this scenario is pure fantasy. Britain, France and Canada have no intention of breaking Israel’s “intolerable” siege of Gaza.

    None of them has any intention of doing anything but watch Israel starve the population to death, then describe it as a “humanitarian catastrophe” they were unable to stop.

    The Madleen has preemptively denied them this manoeuvre and highlighted Western leaders’ actual support for genocide — as well as let the people of Gaza know that a majority of the Western public oppose their governments’ collusion in Israel’s criminality.

    ‘Selfie yacht’
    The voyage was intended too as a vigorous nudge to awaken those in the West still slumbering through the genocide. Which is precisely why the Madleen’s message had to be smothered with spin, carefully prepared by Israel.

    The Israeli Foreign Ministry issued statements calling the aid ship a “celebrity selfie yacht“, while dismissing its action as a “public relations stunt” and “provocation”. Israeli officials portrayed Thunberg as a “narcissist” and “antisemite”.

    When Israeli soldiers illegally boarded the ship, they filmed themselves trying to hand out sandwiches to the crew — an actual stunt that should appall anyone mindful that, while Israel was concern-trolling Western publics about the nutritional needs of the Madleen crew, it was also starving two million Palestinians to death, half of them children.

    Did the British government, whose vessel was rammed and invaded in international waters, angrily protest the attack? Did the reliably patriotic British media rally against this humiliating violation of UK sovereignty?

    No, Starmer and Lammy once again had nothing to say on the matter.

    They have yet to concede that Israel is even breaking international law in denying the people of Gaza all food and water for more than three months, let alone acknowledge that this actually constitutes genocide.

    Instead, Lammy’s officials — 300 of whom have protested against the UK’s continuing collusion in Israeli atrocities — have been told to resign rather than raise objections rooted in international law.

    Bypass legal advisers
    According to sources within the Foreign Office cited by former British ambassador Craig Murray, Lammy has also insisted that any statements relating to the Madleen bypass the government’s legal advisers.

    Why? To allow Lammy plausible deniability as he evades Britain’s legal obligation to respond to Israel’s assault on a vessel sailing under UK protection.

    The media, meanwhile, has played its own part in whitewashing this flagrant crime — one that has taken place in full view, not hidden away in Gaza’s conveniently engineered “fog of war”.

    Much of the press adopted the term “selfie yacht” as if it were their own. As though Thunberg and the rest of the crew were pleasure-seekers promoting their social media platforms rather than risking their lives taking on the might of a genocidal Israeli military.

    They had good reason to be fearful. After all, the Israeli military shot dead 10 of their predecessors — activists on the Mavi Marmara aid ship to Gaza — 15 years ago. Israel has killed in cold blood American citizens such as Rachel Corrie, British citizens such as Tom Hurndall, and acclaimed journalists such as Shireen Abu Akleh.

    And for those with longer memories, the Israeli air force killed more than 30 American servicemen in a two-hour attack in 1967 on the USS Liberty, and wounded 170 more. The anniversary of that crime — covered up by every US administration — was commemorated by its survivors the day before the attack on the Madleen.

    ‘Detained’, not abducted
    Israel’s trivialising smears of the Madleen crew were echoed uncritically from Sky News and The Telegraph to LBC and Piers Morgan. 

    Strangely, journalists who had barely acknowledged the tsunami of selfies taken by Israeli soldiers glorifying their war crimes on social media were keenly attuned to a supposed narcissistic, selfie culture rampant among human-rights activists.

    As Thunberg headed back to Europe on Tuesday, the media continued with its assault on the English language and common sense. They reported that she had been “deported” from Israel, as though she had smuggled herself into Israel illegally rather than being been forcibly dragged there by the Israeli military.

    But even the so-called “serious” media buried the significance both of the Madleen’s voyage to Gaza and of Israel’s lawbreaking. From The Guardian and BBC to The New York Times and CBS, Israel’s criminal attack was characterised as the aid ship being “intercepted” or “diverted”, and of Israel “taking control” of the vessel.

    For the Western media, Thunberg was “detained”, not abducted.

    The framing was straight out of Tel Aviv. It was a preposterous narrative in which Israel was presented as taking actions necessary to restore order in a situation of dangerous rule-breaking and anarchy by activists on a futile and pointless excursion to Gaza.

    The coverage was so uniform not because it related to any kind of reality, but because it was pure propaganda — narrative spin that served not only Israel’s interests but that of a Western political and media class deeply implicated in Israel’s genocide.

    Arming criminals
    In another glaring example of this collusion, the Western media chose to almost immediately bury what should have been explosive comments last week from Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.

    He admitted that Israel has been arming and cultivating close ties with criminal gangs in Gaza.

    He was responding to remarks from Avigdor Lieberman, a former political ally turned rival, that some of those assisted by Israel are affiliated to the jihadist group Islamic State. The most prominent is named Yasser Abu Shabab.

    The Western media either ignored this revelation or dutifully accepted Netanyahu’s self-serving characterisation of these ties as an alliance of convenience: one designed to weaken Hamas by promoting “rival local forces” and opening up new “post-war governing opportunities”.

    The real aim — or rather, two aims: one immediate, the other long term — are far more cynical and disturbing.

    More than six months ago, Palestinian analysts and the Israeli media began warning that Israel — after it had destroyed Gaza’s ruling institutions, including its police force – was working hand in hand with newly reinvigorated criminal gangs.

    Israel’s immediate aim of arming the criminals — turning them into powerful militias — was to intensify the breakdown of law and order. That served as the prelude to a double-barrelled Israeli disinformation campaign.

    Instead of the UN’s trusted and wide distribution network across Gaza, the GHF’s four “aid hubs” were perfectly designed to advance Israel’s genocidal goals

    Prime looting position
    These gangs were put in a prime position to loot food from the United Nations’ long-established aid distribution system and sell it on the black market. The looting helped Israel falsely claim both that Hamas was stealing aid from the UN and that the international body had proven itself unfit to run humanitarian operations in Gaza.

    Israel and the US then set about creating a mercenary front group — misleadingly called the Gaza Humanitarian Foundation — to run a sham replacement operation.

    Instead of the UN’s trusted and wide distribution network across Gaza, the GHF’s four “aid hubs” were perfectly designed to advance Israel’s genocidal goals.

    They are located in a narrow strip of territory next to the border with Egypt. Palestinians are forced to ethnically cleanse themselves into a tiny area of Gaza — if they are to stand any hope of eating — in preparation for their expulsion into Sinai.

    They have been herded into a massively congested area without the space or facilities to cope, where the spread of disease is guaranteed, and where they can be more easily massacred by Israeli bombs.

    An increasingly malnourished population must walk long distances and wait in massive crowds in the heat in the hope of small handouts of food. It is a situation engineered to heighten tensions, and lead to chaos and fighting.

    All of which provide an ideal pretext for Israeli soldiers to halt “aid distribution” pre-emptively in the interests of “public safety” and shoot into the crowds to “neutralise threats”, as has happened to lethal effect day after day.

    Repeated ‘aid hub’ massacres
    The repeated massacres at these “aid hubs” mean that the most vulnerable — those most in need of aid — have been frightened off, leaving gang members like Abu Shabab’s to enjoy the spoils.

    On Wednesday, Israel massacred at least 60 Palestinians, most of them seeking food, in what has already become normalised, a daily ritual of bloodletting that is already barely making headlines.

    And to add insult to injury, Israel has misrepresented its own drone footage of the very criminal gangs it arms, looting aid from trucks and shooting Palestinian aid-seekers as supposed evidence of Hamas stealing food and of the need for Israel to control aid distribution.

    All of this is so utterly transparent, and repugnant, it is simply astonishing it has not been at the forefront of Western coverage as politicians and media worry about how “intolerable the situation” in Gaza has become.

    Instead, the media has largely taken it as read that Hamas “steals aid”. The media has indulged an entirely bogus Israeli-fuelled debate about the need for aid distribution “reform”.

    And the media has equivocated about whether it is Israeli soldiers shooting dead those seeking aid.

    Of course, the media has refused to draw the only reasonable conclusion from all of this: that Israel is simply exploiting the chaos it has created to buy time for its starvation campaign to kill more Palestinians.

    Calibrated warlordism
    But there is much more at stake. Israel is fattening up these criminal gangs for a grander, future role in what used to be termed the “day after” — until it became all too clear that the period in question would follow the completion of Israel’s genocide.

    It comes as no surprise to any Palestinian to hear confirmation from Netanyahu that Israel has been arming criminal gangs in Gaza, even those with affiliations to Islamic State.

    It should not surprise any journalist who has spent serious time, as I have, living in a Palestinian community and studying Israel’s colonial control mechanisms over Palestinian society.

    For years, Israel’s ultimate vision for the Palestinians – if they cannot be entirely expelled from their historic homeland – has been of carefully calibrated warlordism

    Palestinian academics have understood for at least two decades — long before Hamas’ lethal one-day break-out from Gaza on 7 October 2023 — why Israel has invested so much of its energy in dismantling bit by bit the institutions of Palestinian national identity in the occupied West Bank and East Jerusalem.

    The goal, they have been telling me and anyone else who would listen, was to leave Palestinian society so hollowed out, so crushed by the rule of feuding criminal gangs, that statehood would become inconceivable.

    As the Palestinian political analyst Muhammad Shehada observes of what is taking place in Gaza: “Israel is NOT using [the gangs] to go after Hamas, they’re using them to destroy Gaza itself from the inside.”

    For years, Israel’s ultimate vision for the Palestinians — if they cannot be entirely expelled from their historic homeland — has been of carefully calibrated warlordism. Israel would arm a series of criminal families in their geographic heartlands.

    Each would have enough light arms to terrorise their local populations into submission, and fight neighbouring families to define the extent of their fiefdom.

    None would have the military power to take on Israel. Instead they would have to compete for Israel’s favour — treating it like some inflated Godfather —  in the hope of securing an advantage over rivals.

    In this vision, the Palestinians — one of the most educated populations in the Middle East – are to be driven into a permanent state of civil war and “survival of the fittest” politics. Israel’s ambition is to eviscerate Palestinian social cohesion as effectively as it has bombed Gaza’s cities “into the Stone Age”.

    Divinely blessed
    This is a simple story, one that should be all too familiar to European publics if they were educated in their own histories.

    For centuries, Europeans spread outwards — driven by a supremacist zealotry and a desire for material gain — to conquer the lands of others, to steal resources, and to subordinate, expel and exterminate the natives that stood in their way.

    The native people were always dehumanised. They were always barbarians, “human animals”, even as we — the members of a supposedly superior civilisation — butchered them, starved them, levelled their homes, destroyed their crops.

    Our mission of conquest and extermination was always divinely blessed. Our success in eradicating native peoples, our efficiency in killing them, was always proof of our moral superiority.

    We were always the victims, even while we humiliated, tortured and raped. We were always on the side of righteousness.

    Israel has simply carried this tradition into the modern era. It has held a mirror up to us and shown that, despite all our grandstanding about human rights, nothing has really changed.

    There are a few, like Greta Thunberg and the crew of the Madleen, ready to show by example that we can break with the past. We can refuse to dehumanise. We can refuse to collude in industrial savagery. We can refuse to give our consent through silence and inaction.

    But first we must stop listening to the siren calls of our political leaders and the billionaire-owned media. Only then might we learn what it means to be human.

    Jonathan Cook is a writer, journalist and self-appointed media critic and author of many books about Palestine. Winner of the Martha Gellhorn Special Prize for Journalism. Republished from the author’s blog with permission.

    MIL OSI Analysis – EveningReport.nz –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Video: UK Lord O’Neill of Gatley: Lord Speaker’s Corner | House of Lords | Episode 29

    Source: United Kingdom UK House of Lords (video statements)

    ‘The US is just so obsessed about being big, it doesn’t understand that by others becoming bigger, the US can become wealthier.’

    Jim O’Neill, Lord O’Neill of Gatley, is an ex-Treasury Minister, former Chief Economist at Goldman Sachs and Crossbench member of the House of Lords.

    In this latest episode of Lord Speaker’s Corner, Lord O’Neill shares his perspectives with Lord McFall of Alcluith on a range of topics, from China and the USA to AI, the risks of rising antimicrobial resistance and why Manchester should be prioritised as Britain’s second city.

    At Goldman Sachs, Lord O’Neill coined the term BRIC (Brazil, Russia, India, China) to describe the group of emerging economies. In this episode he shares his thoughts on how that has progressed, as well as President Donald Trump’s current tariffs approach by the US. He explains ‘the path which Trump seems to have embarked on, of aggressive confrontation, is not likely to be sustained because it is in America’s interests for China to continue to do well economically.’

    He also shares his thoughts on the current approach to AI, warning against letting tech sectors self-regulate: ‘this idea that just let the financial sector regulate itself and there’d be no problem…that didn’t turn out too well, did it? And there’s a lot of these AI guys wanting to do the same.’

    Lord O’Neill also calls for greater devolution, with powers for regions to raise local taxes, suggesting ‘people here (in Westminster) need to have excitement about giving responsibility to local people in these places to make a national difference.’ He also calls for devolution on welfare-spending with health-linked budgets for local authorities: ‘There’s a serious case for exploring devolving aspects of the welfare support budget as it links to critical health illness’

    See more from the series https://www.parliament.uk/business/lords/house-of-lords-podcast/

    #HouseOfLords #UKParliament #LordSpeakersCorner #LordsMembers

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3BHfC5saj3g

    MIL OSI Video –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: China, Spain pledge to deepen cooperation, support multilateralism and free trade

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    MADRID, June 13 (Xinhua) — Chinese Vice President Han Zheng met with Spanish King Felipe VI here on Thursday. The two sides pledged to deepen cooperation and uphold multilateralism and free trade.

    China is willing to further strengthen cooperation with Spain in areas such as new energy, agriculture, food industry, electric vehicles and digital economy, and intensify people-to-people exchanges in culture and education, Han Zheng said.

    According to him, China and Spain hold similar views on many important international issues and are important positive forces in defending multilateralism, upholding free trade rules and order, promoting openness and cooperation, and improving global governance.

    China is willing to work with Spain and Europe to strengthen communication and dialogue, jointly safeguard the international system with the UN at its core, and contribute to world peace, stability and development, Han added.

    Felipe VI recalled his pleasant visit to China and said that since the beginning of the year, the two countries have held frequent high-level exchanges, continuously deepened political mutual trust and achieved abundant results in practical cooperation, and their relations have shown positive development dynamics.

    Spain admires China’s achievements in new energy, high-speed rail and other sectors, the king said, adding that Madrid is ready to further strengthen cooperation with Beijing to advance bilateral ties.

    Today, the world is experiencing complex changes, and China plays an important, active and stabilizing role in this process, the monarch emphasized.

    According to him, Spain supports multilateralism and free trade, and is willing to strengthen communication and coordination with China in multilateral mechanisms, jointly safeguard the order and rules of international multilateral trade, and promote global sustainable development.

    The parties also exchanged views on issues such as relations between major powers, the Ukrainian crisis and the situation around Palestine. –0–

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: Five minors died in a fire in a private house in the Moscow region of Russia

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    Moscow, June 13 /Xinhua/ — Five minors died in a fire in a private house in the Moscow region, the Main Directorate of the Russian Emergencies Ministry for the Moscow Region reported on Friday on its Telegram channel.

    “A private residential building caught fire in the village of Kurovskoye in the Orekhovo-Zuevsky urban district. Before the rescuers arrived, a woman was hospitalized. Unfortunately, during the extinguishing, the bodies of children were found: a one-month-old, a one-year-old, 9, 11 and 17 years old,” the report says.

    Open fires have been extinguished on 72 square meters. 16 people and four units of equipment have been involved in extinguishing the fire. Investigators from the Russian Emergencies Ministry are working at the scene. The causes of the fire are being established. A criminal case has been opened into the deaths of the children. –0–

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: President Lai meets delegation led by French National Assembly Taiwan Friendship Group Chair Marie-Noëlle Battistel

    Source: Republic of China Taiwan

    Details
    2025-06-05
    President Lai hosts state banquet for President Bernardo Arévalo of Republic of Guatemala  
    At noon on June 5, President Lai Ching-te hosted a state banquet at the Presidential Office for President Bernardo Arévalo of the Republic of Guatemala and his wife. In his remarks, President Lai noted that Taiwan and Guatemala have both undergone an arduous democratization process, and therefore, in face of the continuous expansion of authoritarian influence, must join hands in brotherhood and come together in solidarity to safeguard our hard-earned freedom and democracy. President Lai also expressed hope that both countries will work together and continue to deepen various exchanges and cooperation, taking a friendship that has lasted over 90 years to new heights. A translation of President Lai’s remarks follows: Once again, I would like to offer a warm welcome to President Arévalo and First Lady Lucrecia Peinado, who are leading this delegation to Taiwan. President Arévalo’s previous visit to Taiwan was 31 years ago. Back then, Taiwan did not have direct presidential elections, and the nation was continuing to make progress toward democratization. Today, 31 years later, Taiwan has conducted direct presidential elections eight times, with three transfers of power between political parties. On this visit, I am sure that President Arévalo will gain a deep appreciation for Taiwan’s free and democratic atmosphere.  Taiwan and Guatemala have both undergone an arduous democratization process. A little over 200 years ago, the people of Guatemala took a stand against colonial oppression, seeking national dignity and the freedom of its people. Eighty-one years ago, President Arévalo’s father, Juan José Arévalo, became Guatemala’s first democratically elected president, establishing an important foundation for subsequent democratic development.  Our two peoples have democracy in their blood. Both know the value of freedom and democracy and are willing to take a stand for those values. Therefore, in face of the continuous expansion of authoritarian influence, our two countries must join hands in brotherhood to respond to threats and challenges, and come together in solidarity to safeguard our hard-earned freedom and democracy. I hope that both countries will work together to continue to deepen various exchanges and cooperation, taking a friendship that has lasted over 90 years to new heights. I hope that on this visit, in addition to gaining a deeper understanding of Taiwan’s political, economic, and social development, President Arévalo can also reacquaint himself with the democratic vitality and cultural diversity of Taiwan by sampling various gourmet delicacies and once again experiencing the beauty of our scenery and warmth of our people. Guatemala is a very beautiful country. In the future, I hope to have a chance to personally experience that beauty, explore Mayan civilization, and savor local Guatemalan coffee. In closing, I wish the visiting delegation a smooth and successful trip, and beautiful, unforgettable memories. May President Arévalo enjoy the best of health, and may the diplomatic friendship between our two countries endure. President Arévalo then delivered remarks, stating that at different times and by different means, the people of Taiwan and Guatemala have relentlessly sought to defend freedom and democracy. We share the same expectations, he said, and are walking the right path amid today’s complex international circumstances.  President Arévalo stated that Taiwan and Guatemala are true democratic nations, where the government’s goal is to serve all the people. He noted that this is far from easy under current circumstances, as many authoritarian regimes use their long-term hold on power to safeguard the interests of select groups and neglect the wellbeing of the population as a whole. President Arévalo said that last week Guatemala commemorated the 40th anniversary of its constitution, which was enacted in 1985 and is Guatemala’s ultimate guide, setting the foundation for democracy and clearly outlining the path ahead. He said that over the past 40 years, Guatemala has continued to follow the democratic blueprint established by the constitution and end the civil war so that the nation could make the transition to real democracy. Although more than a few ambitious people have attempted to destroy that process from within, he noted, the people of Guatemala have never given up the pursuit of democracy as an ideal. President Arévalo stated that our two sides’ coming together here is due to such shared values as freedom and democracy as well as the idea of serving all the people. He underlined that the governments of both countries will continue to work hard and provide mutual support to smooth out each other’s path of democracy, freedom, and justice. President Arévalo emphasized that the government of Guatemala will always be Taiwan’s ally, and that he firmly believes Taiwan is Guatemala’s most reliable partner on the path of democracy and economic prosperity and development. The president said he hopes this visit will be the first step towards setting a new course for the governments and peoples of both countries. Also in attendance at the banquet were Guatemala Minister of Foreign Affairs Carlos Ramiro Martínez, Minister of the Economy Gabriela García, and Guatemala Ambassador Luis Raúl Estévez López.  

    Details
    2025-06-05
    President Lai welcomes President Bernardo Arévalo of Republic of Guatemala with military honors  
    On the morning of June 5, President Lai Ching-te welcomed with full military honors President Bernardo Arévalo of the Republic of Guatemala and his wife, who are leading a delegation of cabinet members visiting Taiwan for the first time, demonstrating the deep and enduring alliance between our nations. In remarks, President Lai noted that over the past few years, bilateral cooperation between Taiwan and Guatemala has grown closer and more diverse, and said that moving forward, based on a foundation of mutual assistance for mutual benefit, we will continue to promote programs in line with international trends, spurring prosperity and development in both our nations. The military honors ceremony began at 10:30 a.m. in the Entrance Hall of the Presidential Office. After a 21-gun salute and the playing of the two countries’ national anthems, President Lai and President Arévalo each delivered remarks. A translation of President Lai’s remarks follows: Today, President Arévalo and First Lady Lucrecia Peinado are leading a delegation of cabinet members visiting Taiwan for the first time, demonstrating the deep and enduring alliance between our nations. On behalf of the people and government of the Republic of China (Taiwan), I want to extend my sincerest welcome. Last year, our two countries celebrated the 90th anniversary of diplomatic ties, providing mutual support all along the way. Especially over the past few years, bilateral cooperation has grown closer and more diverse. We have a long record of remarkable results, whether in terms of medicine and public health, education and culture, technological cooperation, or economic and trade exchanges. Moving forward, based on a foundation of mutual assistance for mutual benefit, Taiwan and Guatemala will continue to promote programs in line with international trends. We will continue to strengthen exchange and cooperation for young people, as well as scholarship programs, and actively cultivate high-tech and information and communications technology industry talent, spurring prosperity and development in both our nations. Although separated by a great distance, the peoples of both countries are closely connected by their ideals and values. I am confident that with President Arévalo’s support, bilateral exchanges and cooperation will become closer and more diverse, beginning a very promising new chapter. I wish the visiting delegation a smooth and successful trip. President Arévalo then delivered remarks, saying that on behalf of the government and people of Guatemala, he is honored to visit the Republic of China (Taiwan), this beautiful nation, and to receive full military honors, which reflects the mutual respect between our two nations as well as our solid friendship. Especially as this state visit comes as we celebrate 90 years of formal diplomatic ties, he said, he has brought the foreign minister, economics minister, private secretary to the president, and social communication secretary as members of his delegation, in the hope of our ties embarking on a new chapter. President Arévalo said that Guatemala-Taiwan ties have in recent years been growing steadily on a foundation of mutual understanding and cooperation, making significant progress, and that our peoples have also cultivated sincere friendships and cooperative relationships across many fields. Our nations are especially promoting public health, education, agricultural technology, and infrastructure, he said, key fields which are conducive to economic and social development. He expressed his hope that on such good foundations of the past, we can further strengthen our bilateral ties for the future. President Arévalo stated that through this state visit they not only want to reaffirm the good bilateral ties between our nations, but that they also hope to define a trajectory for the future of our cooperation in the direction of expanding economic cooperation, building economic and trade alliances, and facilitating investment to foster a Taiwan-Guatemala relationship that benefits both peoples. He then expressed gratitude to the people of Taiwan for helping Guatemala over the past 90 years and reaffirmed the unwavering support of Guatemala for the Republic of China (Taiwan). On the occasion of this visit, he said, he hopes to extend a friendly hand to the people of Taiwan, adding that he looks forward to our nations continuing to take major steps forward on the road of mutual assistance and prosperity. Also in attendance at the welcome ceremony were Dean of the Diplomatic Corps and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Ambassador Andrea Clare Bowman, and members of the foreign diplomatic corps in Taiwan.  

    Details
    2025-06-03
    President Lai confers decoration on President Hilda C. Heine of Republic of the Marshall Islands, hosts state banquet  
    At noon on June 3, President Lai Ching-te, accompanied by Vice President Bi-khim Hsiao, conferred a decoration upon President Hilda C. Heine of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, and hosted a state banquet for President Heine and her husband at the Presidential Office. In remarks, President Lai thanked President Heine for her commitment to deepening the diplomatic partnership between our nations and speaking up for Taiwan in the international arena. He also expressed hope for Taiwan and the Marshall Islands to work together to address various challenges through an even greater diversity of exchanges, and that together, we can contribute even more to peace, stability, and development throughout the Pacific region. At the decoration ceremony, President Lai personally conferred the Order of Brilliant Jade with Grand Cordon on President Heine before delivering remarks, a translation of which follows:  The Marshall Islands was the first Pacific ally that I visited after taking office as president. When I arrived there, I was immediately drawn to its beautiful scenery. And I received a very warm welcome from the local people. This gesture showed the profound friendship between our two nations. I was truly touched. I also remember trying your nation’s special Bob Whisky for the first time. The flavor was as unique and impressive as the landscape of the Marshall Islands.  In addition to welcoming our distinguished guests today, we also presented President Heine with the Order of Brilliant Jade with Grand Cordon. On behalf of the people of Taiwan, I want to thank President Heine for her commitment to deepening the diplomatic partnership between our nations, and for staunchly speaking up for Taiwan in the international arena. Both I and the people of Taiwan are profoundly grateful to President Heine for her friendship and support. Over the past few years, cooperation between Taiwan and the Marshall Islands has grown ever closer. And this visit by our distinguished guests will allow our two countries to further expand areas of bilateral exchange. I have always believed that only through mutual assistance and trust can two countries build a longstanding and steadfast partnership. I once again convey my sincere aspiration that Taiwan and the Marshall Islands work together to address various challenges through an even greater diversity of exchanges. Together, we can contribute even more to peace, stability, and development throughout the Pacific region. In closing, I want to thank President Heine and First Gentleman Thomas Kijiner, Jr. for leading this delegation to Taiwan, which deepens the foundations of our bilateral relationship. May our two nations enjoy a long and enduring friendship. President Heine then delivered remarks, stating that she felt especially privileged to receive the Order of Brilliant Jade with Grand Cordon of the Republic of China (Taiwan), and humbly accepted the honor with the utmost gratitude, humility, and deep responsibility. This is a deep responsibility, she said, because she understands that since its inception in 1933, this order has been bestowed upon a select few. She then thanked President Lai for this great honor. President Heine stated that the banquet was not just a celebration of our bilateral friendship, but a true reflection of the generosity of the Taiwan spirit and a testament to the enduring ties between our nations, founded on shared values and aspirations, including a respect for the rule of law, the preservation of human dignity, and a deep commitment to democracy. President Heine stated that the Taiwan-Marshall Islands partnership continues to evolve through practical cooperation and mutual support. In recent years, she said, our countries have worked hand in hand across a range of vital sectors, including the recent opening of the Majuro Hospital AI and Telehealth Center and the ongoing and successful Taiwan Health Center, various technical training and scholarship programs, and various climate change adaptation projects in renewable energy, coastal resilience, and sustainable agriculture.   President Heine emphasized that the Marshall Islands continues to be a proud and vocal supporter of Taiwan’s meaningful participation in the United Nations system and other international organizations. Taiwan’s exclusion from these platforms, she said, is not only unjust, but is bad for the world, and the global community needs Taiwan’s voice and expertise.  President Heine also expressed sincere appreciation to all of the Taiwanese friends who have contributed their efforts to deepening bilateral relations, including government officials, healthcare workers, teachers, engineers, and volunteers. The people of the Marshall Islands, she said, deeply appreciate and value everyone’s efforts and service. President Heine said that as we celebrate our partnership, let us look to the future with hope and determination, continue to work together, learn from one another, and support one another to champion a world where all nations can chart their own course based on peace and international law. Also attending the state banquet were Marshall Islands Council of Iroij Chairman Lanny Kabua, Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Kalani R. Kaneko, Minister of Finance David Paul, Nitijela Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and Trade Chairperson Joe Bejang, and Charge d’Affaires a.i. Anjanette Davis-Anjel of the Embassy of the Republic of the Marshall Islands.  

    Details
    2025-06-03
    President Lai and President Hilda C. Heine of Marshall Islands hold bilateral talks and witness signing of agreements
    On the morning of June 3, President Lai Ching-te, accompanied by Vice President Bi-khim Hsiao, held bilateral talks with President Hilda C. Heine of the Republic of the Marshall Islands at the Presidential Office following a welcome ceremony with military honors for her and her husband. The leaders also jointly witnessed the signing of a letter of intent for sports exchanges and a memorandum of understanding regarding the Presidents’ Scholarship Fund. President Lai then presided over a launch ceremony for a loan program to purchase aircraft. In remarks, President Lai thanked the government and the Nitijela (parliament) of the Marshall Islands for their longstanding support for Taiwan’s international participation and for voicing staunch support for Taiwan at numerous international venues. President Lai said that Taiwan looks forward to continuing to deepen its diplomatic partnership with the Marshall Islands and build an even closer cooperative relationship across a range of fields, engaging in mutual assistance for mutual benefits and helping each other achieve joint and prosperous development to yield even greater well-being for our peoples. A translation of President Lai’s remarks follows: I once again warmly welcome President Heine, First Gentleman Thomas Kijiner, Jr., and our guests to Taiwan. During my visit to the Marshall Islands last year, I said that Taiwan and the Marshall Islands are truly a family. When Vice President Hsiao and I took office last year, President Heine led a delegation to Taiwan. It is now one year since our inauguration, and I am delighted to see President Heine once again, just as if I were seeing family arrive from afar. Through my visit to the Marshall Islands, I gained a profound sense of the friendship between the peoples of our two nations, well-demonstrated by bilateral exchanges in such areas as healthcare, agriculture, and education. And it is thanks to President Heine’s longstanding support for Taiwan that our countries have been able to further advance collaboration on even more issues, including women’s empowerment and climate change. In recent years, the geopolitical and economic landscape has changed rapidly. We look forward to Taiwan and the Marshall Islands continuing to deepen our partnership and build an even closer cooperative relationship. In just a few moments, President Heine and I will witness the signing of several documents, including a memorandum of understanding and a letter of intent, to expand bilateral cooperation in such fields as sports, education, and transportation. Taiwan will take concrete action to work with the Marshall Islands and advance mutual prosperity and development, writing a new chapter in our diplomatic partnership. I would also like to take this opportunity to express gratitude to the government and Nitijela of the Marshall Islands. In recent years, the Nitijela has passed annual resolutions backing Taiwan’s international participation, and President Heine and Marshallese cabinet members have been some of the strongest advocates for Taiwan’s international participation, voicing staunch support for Taiwan at numerous international venues. Building on the pillars of democracy, peace, and prosperity, Taiwan will continue to work with the Marshall Islands and other like-minded countries to deepen our partnerships, engage in mutual assistance for mutual benefits, and help one another achieve joint and prosperous development. I have every confidence that the combined efforts of our two nations will yield even greater well-being for our peoples and see us make even more contributions to the world. President Heine then delivered remarks, and began by conveying warm greetings of iokwe from the people and government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands to the people and government of the Republic of China (Taiwan). She said she was deeply honored to be in Taiwan for an official visit, and extended appreciation to President Lai and his government for their gracious invitation and warm welcome. President Heine stated that this year marks 27 years of diplomatic ties between our two nations, and that they are proud of this enduring friendship. This special and enduring relationship, she said, is grounded in our shared Austronesian heritage, and strengthened by mutual respect for each other’s democratic systems and our steadfast commitment to the core values of freedom, justice, and the rule of law. President Heine stated that Taiwan’s continued support has been invaluable to the people and national development of the Marshall Islands, particularly in the areas of health, education, agriculture, and climate change. She also expressed deep appreciation to Taiwan for providing Marshallese students with opportunities to study in Taiwan, and for the care extended to Marshallese who travel here for medical treatment. President Heine also announced that she would be presenting a copy of a resolution by the people and government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands reiterating their appreciation for the support provided by the people and government of the Republic of China (Taiwan), and calling on the United Nations to take immediate action to resolve the inappropriate exclusion of Taiwan’s 23 million people from the UN system. She added that she looked forward to the bilateral discussions later that day, and to continuing the important work that both countries carry out together. After the bilateral talks, President Lai and President Heine witnessed the signing of a letter of intent regarding sports exchanges and a memorandum of understanding regarding the Presidents’ Scholarship Fund by Minister of Foreign Affairs Lin Chia-lung (林佳龍) and Marshallese Minister of Foreign Affairs and Trade Kalani R. Kaneko. President Lai then presided over a launch ceremony for a loan program to purchase aircraft, marking the formal beginning of Taiwan-Marshall Islands air transport cooperation. The visiting delegation also included Council of Iroij Chairman Lanny Kabua, Minister of Finance David Paul, and Nitijela Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and Trade Chair Joe Bejang. They were accompanied to the Presidential Office by Charge d’Affaires a.i. Anjanette Davis-Anjel of the Embassy of the Republic of the Marshall Islands.

    Details
    2025-06-03
    President Lai welcomes President Hilda C. Heine of Republic of the Marshall Islands with military honors  
    President Lai Ching-te welcomed President Hilda C. Heine of the Republic of the Marshall Islands and her husband on the morning of June 3 with full military honors. In remarks, President Lai thanked President Heine and the people and government of the Marshall Islands for demonstrating such high regard for our nations’ diplomatic ties. The president said that over our 27 years of diplomatic relations, our cooperation in healthcare, agriculture, fisheries, education and training, and climate change has yielded many positive results. And moving ahead, he said, Taiwan will continue to deepen collaboration across all domains for mutual prosperity and growth. The welcome ceremony began at 10:30 a.m. in the plaza fronting the Presidential Office. President Lai and President Heine each delivered remarks after a 21-gun salute, the playing of the two countries’ national anthems, and a review of the military honor guard. A translation of President Lai’s remarks follows: On behalf of the people and government of the Republic of China (Taiwan), it is a great pleasure to welcome President Heine, First Gentleman Thomas Kijiner, Jr., and their delegation with full military honors as they make this state visit to Taiwan. When I traveled to the Marshall Islands on a state visit last December, I was received with great warmth and courtesy. I once again thank President Heine and the people and government of the Marshall Islands for demonstrating such high regard for our nations’ diplomatic ties. Taiwan and the Marshall Islands share Austronesian cultural traditions, and we are like-minded friends. Throughout our 27 years of diplomatic relations, we have always engaged with each other in a spirit of reciprocal trust and mutual assistance. Our cooperation in healthcare, agriculture, fisheries, education and training, and climate change has yielded many positive results. This is President Heine’s first state visit to Taiwan since taking office for a second time. We look forward to engaging our esteemed guests in in-depth discussions on issues of common concern. And moving ahead, Taiwan will continue to deepen collaboration with the Marshall Islands across all domains for mutual prosperity and growth. In closing, I thank President Heine, First Gentleman Kijiner, and their entire delegation for visiting Taiwan. I wish you all a pleasant and successful trip.  A transcript of President Heine’s remarks follows: Your Excellency President Lai Ching-te, Vice President [Bi-khim] Hsiao, honorable members of the cabinet, ambassadors, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen: It is my pleasure to extend warm greetings of iokwe on behalf of the people and the government of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. I wish to also convey my appreciation to Your Excellency President Lai, for the hospitality and very warm welcome – kommol tata. This visit marks my seventh official state visit to this beautiful country. It’s a testament to my strong commitment to further deepening ties between the Republic of the Marshall Islands and the Republic of China (Taiwan). During this visit, I look forward to engaging in meaningful discussions with Your Excellency President Lai to further strengthen the bilateral relationship between our two nations and our peoples.  For over a quarter-century, Taiwan has been a strong ally and friend to the Marshall Islands. Our partnership has thrived across many sectors, including education, healthcare, infrastructure, and economic development. Through Taiwan’s generous support and collaboration, we have made significant progress in improving the lives of our people, empowering our communities, and fostering sustainable growth. The Marshall Islands deeply values our partnership with Taiwan and appreciates Taiwan’s support over the years. Despite our small size and limited voice on the global stage, the Marshall Islands deeply cherishes our friendship with Taiwan, and to that end, I wish to reaffirm my government’s commitment to Taiwan’s meaningful participation in the United Nations system. Taiwan has consistently demonstrated its commitment to the principles of democracy, human rights, and the rule of law. In light of current constraints in global affairs, it is now more urgent than ever that the international community of nations recognize the fundamental rights of the 23 million Taiwanese people and recognize Taiwan’s aspiration to engage fully in global affairs. It is with this in mind that I wish to reiterate to Your Excellency President Lai, the Taiwanese people, and the world that under my government, Marshall Islands will continue to acknowledge Taiwan’s contribution on the global stage and urge like-minded countries to advocate for Taiwan’s meaningful engagement in the international arena. In closing, may I once again extend our sincere appreciation to Your Excellency President Lai, the people and government of the Republic of China (Taiwan), for your warm welcome.  Also in attendance at the welcome ceremony were Charge d’Affaires a.i. Anjanette Davis-Anjel of the Embassy of the Republic of the Marshall Islands, Dean of the Diplomatic Corps and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Ambassador Andrea Clare Bowman, and members of the foreign diplomatic corps in Taiwan.  

    Details
    2025-05-20
    President Lai interviewed by Nippon Television and Yomiuri TV
    In a recent interview on Nippon Television’s news zero program, President Lai Ching-te responded to questions from host Mr. Sakurai Sho and Yomiuri TV Shanghai Bureau Chief Watanabe Masayo on topics including reflections on his first year in office, cross-strait relations, China’s military threats, Taiwan-United States relations, and Taiwan-Japan relations. The interview was broadcast on the evening of May 19. During the interview, President Lai stated that China intends to change the world’s rules-based international order, and that if Taiwan were invaded, global supply chains would be disrupted. Therefore, he said, Taiwan will strengthen its national defense, prevent war by preparing for war, and achieve the goal of peace. The president also noted that Taiwan’s purpose for developing drones is based on national security and industrial needs, and that Taiwan hopes to collaborate with Japan. He then reiterated that China’s threats are an international problem, and expressed hope to work together with the US, Japan, and others in the global democratic community to prevent China from starting a war. Following is the text of the questions and the president’s responses: Q: How do you feel as you are about to round out your first year in office? President Lai: When I was young, I was determined to practice medicine and save lives. When I left medicine to go into politics, I was determined to transform Taiwan. And when I was sworn in as president on May 20 last year, I was determined to strengthen the nation. Time flies, and it has already been a year. Although the process has been very challenging, I am deeply honored to be a part of it. I am also profoundly grateful to our citizens for allowing me the opportunity to give back to our country. The future will certainly be full of more challenges, but I will do everything I can to unite the people and continue strengthening the nation. That is how I am feeling now. Q: We are now coming up on the 80th anniversary of the end of World War II, and over this period, we have often heard that conflict between Taiwan and the mainland is imminent. Do you personally believe that a cross-strait conflict could happen? President Lai: The international community is very much aware that China intends to replace the US and change the world’s rules-based international order, and annexing Taiwan is just the first step. So, as China’s military power grows stronger, some members of the international community are naturally on edge about whether a cross-strait conflict will break out. The international community must certainly do everything in its power to avoid a conflict in the Taiwan Strait; there is too great a cost. Besides causing direct disasters to both Taiwan and China, the impact on the global economy would be even greater, with estimated losses of US$10 trillion from war alone – that is roughly 10 percent of the global GDP. Additionally, 20 percent of global shipping passes through the Taiwan Strait and surrounding waters, so if a conflict breaks out in the strait, other countries including Japan and Korea would suffer a grave impact. For Japan and Korea, a quarter of external transit passes through the Taiwan Strait and surrounding waters, and a third of the various energy resources and minerals shipped back from other countries pass through said areas. If Taiwan were invaded, global supply chains would be disrupted, and therefore conflict in the Taiwan Strait must be avoided. Such a conflict is indeed avoidable. I am very thankful to Prime Minister of Japan Ishiba Shigeru and former Prime Ministers Abe Shinzo, Suga Yoshihide, and Kishida Fumio, as well as US President Donald Trump and former President Joe Biden, and the other G7 leaders, for continuing to emphasize at international venues that peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait are essential components for global security and prosperity. When everyone in the global democratic community works together, stacking up enough strength to make China’s objectives unattainable or to make the cost of invading Taiwan too high for it to bear, a conflict in the strait can naturally be avoided. Q: As you said, President Lai, maintaining peace and stability across the Taiwan Strait is also very important for other countries. How can war be avoided? What sort of countermeasures is Taiwan prepared to take to prevent war? President Lai: As Mr. Sakurai mentioned earlier, we are coming up on the 80th anniversary of the end of WWII. There are many lessons we can take from that war. First is that peace is priceless, and war has no winners. From the tragedies of WWII, there are lessons that humanity should learn. We must pursue peace, and not start wars blindly, as that would be a major disaster for humanity. In other words, we must be determined to safeguard peace. The second lesson is that we cannot be complacent toward authoritarian powers. If you give them an inch, they will take a mile. They will keep growing, and eventually, not only will peace be unattainable, but war will be inevitable. The third lesson is why WWII ended: It ended because different groups joined together in solidarity. Taiwan, Japan, and the Indo-Pacific region are all directly subjected to China’s threats, so we hope to be able to join together in cooperation. This is why we proposed the Four Pillars of Peace action plan. First, we will strengthen our national defense. Second, we will strengthen economic resilience. Third is standing shoulder to shoulder with the democratic community to demonstrate the strength of deterrence. Fourth is that as long as China treats Taiwan with parity and dignity, Taiwan is willing to conduct exchanges and cooperate with China, and seek peace and mutual prosperity. These four pillars can help us avoid war and achieve peace. That is to say, Taiwan hopes to achieve peace through strength, prevent war by preparing for war, keeping war from happening and pursuing the goal of peace. Q: Regarding drones, everyone knows that recently, Taiwan has been actively researching, developing, and introducing drones. Why do you need to actively research, develop, and introduce new drones at this time? President Lai: This is for two purposes. The first is to meet national security needs. The second is to meet industrial development needs. Because Taiwan, Japan, and the Philippines are all part of the first island chain, and we are all democratic nations, we cannot be like an authoritarian country like China, which has an unlimited national defense budget. In this kind of situation, island nations such as Taiwan, Japan, and the Philippines should leverage their own technologies to develop national defense methods that are asymmetric and utilize unmanned vehicles. In particular, from the Russo-Ukrainian War, we see that Ukraine has successfully utilized unmanned vehicles to protect itself and prevent Russia from unlimited invasion. In other words, the Russo-Ukrainian War has already proven the importance of drones. Therefore, the first purpose of developing drones is based on national security needs. Second, the world has already entered the era of smart technology. Whether generative, agentic, or physical, AI will continue to develop. In the future, cars and ships will also evolve into unmanned vehicles and unmanned boats, and there will be unmanned factories. Drones will even be able to assist with postal deliveries, or services like Uber, Uber Eats, and foodpanda, or agricultural irrigation and pesticide spraying. Therefore, in the future era of comprehensive smart technology, developing unmanned vehicles is a necessity. Taiwan, based on industrial needs, is actively planning the development of drones and unmanned vehicles. I would like to take this opportunity to express Taiwan’s hope to collaborate with Japan in the unmanned vehicle industry. Just as we do in the semiconductor industry, where Japan has raw materials, equipment, and technology, and Taiwan has wafer manufacturing, our two countries can cooperate. Japan is a technological power, and Taiwan also has significant technological strengths. If Taiwan and Japan work together, we will not only be able to safeguard peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait and security in the Indo-Pacific region, but it will also be very helpful for the industrial development of both countries. Q: The drones you just described probably include examples from the Russo-Ukrainian War. Taiwan and China are separated by the Taiwan Strait. Do our drones need to have cross-sea flight capabilities? President Lai: Taiwan does not intend to counterattack the mainland, and does not intend to invade any country. Taiwan’s drones are meant to protect our own nation and territory. Q: Former President Biden previously stated that US forces would assist Taiwan’s defense in the event of an attack. President Trump, however, has yet to clearly state that the US would help defend Taiwan. Do you think that in such an event, the US would help defend Taiwan? Or is Taiwan now trying to persuade the US? President Lai: Former President Biden and President Trump have answered questions from reporters. Although their responses were different, strong cooperation with Taiwan under the Biden administration has continued under the Trump administration; there has been no change. During President Trump’s first term, cooperation with Taiwan was broader and deeper compared to former President Barack Obama’s terms. After former President Biden took office, cooperation with Taiwan increased compared to President Trump’s first term. Now, during President Trump’s second term, cooperation with Taiwan is even greater than under former President Biden. Taiwan-US cooperation continues to grow stronger, and has not changed just because President Trump and former President Biden gave different responses to reporters. Furthermore, the Trump administration publicly stated that in the future, the US will shift its strategic focus from Europe to the Indo-Pacific. The US secretary of defense even publicly stated that the primary mission of the US is to prevent China from invading Taiwan, maintain stability in the Indo-Pacific, and thus maintain world peace. There is a saying in Taiwan that goes, “Help comes most to those who help themselves.” Before asking friends and allies for assistance in facing threats from China, Taiwan must first be determined and prepared to defend itself. This is Taiwan’s principle, and we are working in this direction, making all the necessary preparations to safeguard the nation. Q: I would like to ask you a question about Taiwan-Japan relations. After the Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011, you made an appeal to give Japan a great deal of assistance and care. In particular, you visited Sendai to offer condolences. Later, you also expressed condolences and concern after the earthquakes in Aomori and Kumamoto. What are your expectations for future Taiwan-Japan exchanges and development? President Lai: I come from Tainan, and my constituency is in Tainan. Tainan has very deep ties with Japan, and of course, Taiwan also has deep ties with Japan. However, among Taiwan’s 22 counties and cities, Tainan has the deepest relationship with Japan. I sincerely hope that both of you and your teams will have an opportunity to visit Tainan. I will introduce Tainan’s scenery, including architecture from the era of Japanese rule, Tainan’s cuisine, and unique aspects of Tainan society, and you can also see lifestyles and culture from the Showa era.  The Wushantou Reservoir in Tainan was completed by engineer Mr. Hatta Yoichi from Kanazawa, Japan and the team he led to Tainan after he graduated from then-Tokyo Imperial University. It has nearly a century of history and is still in use today. This reservoir, along with the 16,000-km-long Chianan Canal, transformed the 150,000-hectare Chianan Plain into Taiwan’s premier rice-growing area. It was that foundation in agriculture that enabled Taiwan to develop industry and the technology sector of today. The reservoir continues to supply water to Tainan Science Park. It is used by residents of Tainan, the agricultural sector, and industry, and even the technology sector in Xinshi Industrial Park, as well as Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company. Because of this, the people of Tainan are deeply grateful for Mr. Hatta and very friendly toward the people of Japan. A major earthquake, the largest in 50 years, struck Tainan on February 6, 2016, resulting in significant casualties. As mayor of Tainan at the time, I was extremely grateful to then-Prime Minister Abe, who sent five Japanese officials to the disaster site in Tainan the day after the earthquake. They were very thoughtful and asked what kind of assistance we needed from the Japanese government. They offered to provide help based on what we needed. I was deeply moved, as former Prime Minister Abe showed such care, going beyond the formality of just sending supplies that we may or may not have actually needed. Instead, the officials asked what we needed and then provided assistance based on those needs, which really moved me. Similarly, when the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011 or the later Kumamoto earthquakes struck, the people of Tainan, under my leadership, naturally and dutifully expressed their support. Even earlier, when central Taiwan was hit by a major earthquake in 1999, Japan was the first country to deploy a rescue team to the disaster area. On February 6, 2018, after a major earthquake in Hualien, former Prime Minister Abe appeared in a video holding up a message of encouragement he had written in calligraphy saying “Remain strong, Taiwan.” All of Taiwan was deeply moved. Over the years, Taiwan and Japan have supported each other when earthquakes struck, and have forged bonds that are family-like, not just neighborly. This is truly valuable. In the future, I hope Taiwan and Japan can be like brothers, and that the peoples of Taiwan and Japan can treat one another like family. If Taiwan has a problem, then Japan has a problem; if Japan has a problem, then Taiwan has a problem. By caring for and helping each other, we can face various challenges and difficulties, and pursue a brighter future. Q: President Lai, you just used the phrase “If Taiwan has a problem, then Japan has a problem.” In the event that China attempts to invade Taiwan by force, what kind of response measures would you hope the US military and Japan’s Self-Defense Forces take? President Lai: As I just mentioned, annexing Taiwan is only China’s first step. Its ultimate objective is to change the rules-based international order. That being the case, China’s threats are an international problem. So, I would very much hope to work together with the US, Japan, and others in the global democratic community to prevent China from starting a war – prevention, after all, is more important than cure.

    MIL OSI Asia Pacific News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: 12 crew members rescued from ship as Typhoon Wutip approaches

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    SANYA, June 13 (Xinhua) — Twelve crew members were rescued from a ship in waters off southern China’s Hainan island province early Friday as Typhoon Wutip (Butterfly) approached, local authorities said.

    At around 6 p.m. on Thursday, the Nanhai Rescue Bureau under China’s Ministry of Transport received reports that 12 people on a cargo ship about 14 nautical miles (about 26 km) off a cape in southwestern Hainan Province needed to be evacuated due to the typhoon.

    The rescue vessel set out at 6.30pm on Thursday and arrived at the scene at 11.50pm, where gale force winds had caused waves up to three metres high. Rescuers managed to get the crew to safety after 43 minutes and are expected to return to the anchorage at midday on Friday.

    The rescued sailors will remain on the rescue vessel, where they will be provided with essential supplies and medical care. They will be taken ashore when the weather permits.

    Typhoon Wutip strengthened into a severe tropical storm at 8:00 p.m. Thursday. As of 10:00 a.m. Friday, its epicenter was located near Ledong Li Autonomous County on Hainan Island, with maximum winds near the epicenter of the cyclone reaching about 101 km/h. The typhoon is moving northwest at a speed of 5-10 km/h.

    All kindergartens, schools, construction sites and tourist attractions in Sanya have been closed. Ships are banned from sailing and Fenghuang International Airport has suspended all flights from 10 p.m. on Thursday. High-speed rail service on Hainan has been suspended and is expected to resume on Saturday.

    The Nanhai Rescue Bureau is closely monitoring Typhoon Wutip and has deployed seven specialized rescue ships and four helicopters to respond to emergencies. -0-

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: “Culture Plus” Attracts Russian Tourists: Russian Guests Visit Heihe in Large Numbers

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    BEIJING, June 13 (Xinhua) — “I have been to Heihe (Northeast China’s Heilongjiang Province) many times, and learned to speak a little Chinese, use chopsticks and cut out paper patterns,” said Russian tourist Natasha, who recently arrived in Heihe. She ate youtiao (deep-fried dough sticks) with soy milk for breakfast at an international morning market, watched Yangge folk dances and learned to dance at a riverside square, the China Culture Daily reported.

    Heihe in Heilongjiang Province and Blagoveshchensk in Russia are separated by the Heilongjiang River (Amur), forming a “Russian-Chinese twin city.” Cultural exchanges between the cities are flourishing: exhibitions, performances, fairs, training programs and workshops on intangible cultural heritage deepen mutual understanding between residents of the two cities.

    Zou Xiangdong, an official with the Heilongjiang Provincial Department of Culture and Tourism, emphasized: “Heilongjiang Province is unleashing the potential of border cultural resources, creating a key platform for people-to-people exchanges with Russia. This is conducive to deepening cultural understanding and strengthening the traditional friendship between the peoples of China and Russia.”

    The 15th China-Russia Cultural Festival will open in Heihe in July 2025 and end in Blagoveshchensk in August 2025. The event includes 4 key blocks /high-level visits, cultural exchanges, tourism promotion, creation of a border cultural and tourism corridor/ and 40 events /joint exhibitions of Chinese-Russian cultural exchange, ICH fairs, cultural performances/.

    Organized by the ministries of culture of the two countries and the governments of Heilongjiang Province and Amur Region, the festival has become a brand of bilateral cooperation in the cultural field. Zheng Wanming, associate professor at Heilongjiang Institute of Technology, noted that Heilongjiang uses cities as bridges, trade as a link, and culture as a mediator, continuously enriching the content of bilateral exchanges.

    From Heihe to Mohe and Hegang, 18 border cities in Heilongjiang Province are developing unique cultural cooperation projects with Russia. Tan Bo, director of Heilongjiang Academy of Arts, explains that relying on these resources, Heilongjiang Province has consistently built a brand of Chinese-Russian cultural exchanges, which has significantly raised the level of bilateral cooperation.

    Over the years, cooperation has expanded from artistic performances and NKH exhibitions to interaction in the fields of education, tourism and sports.

    According to Zou Xiangdong, Heilongjiang Province will develop cultural exchange brands with Russia to improve their level and ensure their high-quality development. -0-

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: UN chief expresses condolences over plane crash in India

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    UNITED NATIONS, June 13 (Xinhua) — United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres is deeply saddened by the news of the crash of an Air India plane that killed more than 200 people, Deputy Spokesman for the Secretary-General Farhan Haq said on Thursday.

    A. Guterres expresses his sincere condolences to the families of the victims, the people and the Government of India, and all countries whose citizens have suffered as a result of this tragedy. He wishes a speedy and full recovery to those injured, F. Haq said in a statement.

    An Air India flight to London with 242 people on board crashed on Thursday shortly after takeoff from Ahmedabad airport in the western Indian state of Gujarat.

    The country’s Foreign Ministry said there was a high death toll, without giving exact figures.

    The Boeing 787-8 had 169 Indians, 53 British citizens, seven Portuguese citizens, one Canadian and 12 crew members on board. The plane crashed into a medical college dormitory. –0–

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: Happy birthday to Sergey Chuev!

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: State University of Management – Official website of the State –

    Immediately after Russia Day, the State University of Management celebrates the birthday of the adviser to the rector’s office of the State University of Management, head of the department of state and municipal administration, candidate of historical sciences, member of the Union of Writers of Russia and a true patriot, Sergei Chuev.

    Sergey Vladimirovich is known for his active work at the State University of Management and beyond. Thus, he spent the beginning of the summer in Blagoveshchensk, at the 10th International Public Writers’ and Publishing Forum. He barely had time to return when he took part in a round table discussion with the Chairman of the Presidential Council for the Development of Civil Society and Human Rights Valery Fadeyev on the topic of preparing a textbook on economics. The birthday boy does a lot to restore and popularize the rich history of our university, in particular, he contributed to the opening of a memorial exhibition in the Scientific Library of the State University of Management. He regularly participates in various conferences and forums as a speaker. He enthusiastically joins all projects dedicated to literature. He often appears as an expert political scientist on television. In general, he is an incredibly active employee – an example of an excellent leader at a university for the best managers in the country.

    For the greater benefit of our university and the country as a whole, we wish Sergei Chuev to continue his career in the same spirit, to successfully carry out all his projects and come up with new ones, to delight his colleagues with his easy sense of humor, to always be healthy and cheerful, and to look down on troubles in the literal and figurative sense of the word.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-Evening Report: Selwyn Manning Analysis: Israel clearly saw an opportunity to strike Iran. Here’s the trip-wire… UPDATED

    Analysis and Notes by Selwyn Manning: Prep for Radio New Zealand – Israel Strikes Against Iran – June 13, 2025.

    Listen to the audio from 3:00 minutes in.

    Selwyn Manning, editor of EveningReport.nz.

    Over the last 24 hours, the atomic control agency IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) formed a view at its UN Geneva meeting, that there was so-called evidence that Iran had ‘undisclosed sites’ where uranium was identified.

    Iran disputes this, and suggested today that the IAEA members were wrong.

    It appears Israel identified a window of opportunity where it can strike Iran’s nuclear power generation infrastructure, assassinate its nuclear scientists, and destroy other sites that it insists are covert nuclear-development-sites.

    But let’s be clear at this moment, it is not proven that Iran has or had a covert uranium enrichment operation in play.

    ISRAEL CLAIMS:

    Israel claims its attacks on Iran are justified as preemptive defence operations – but we need to understand here… preemptive defence in itself is not legal.

    The problem on this aspect is Israel has arguably, long ago, crossed the Rubicon regarding International Law – especially in Gaza and the West Bank. So it’s reasonable to suggest; Israel is not deterred by the possibility of any future recourse being brought upon it by the international community.

    CONTEXT:

    Iran is believed to be not war-ready. But, Iran will respond. Its Supreme Leader stated it will respond. It remains to be seen how it will respond.

    At this moment, there are reports in Israel that over 100 missiles are incoming from Iran to Israel.

    We also know, Israel has weakened Hezbollah, especially within Lebanon. The strikes on Beirut earlier this month and prior were designed to weaken Hezbollah.

    Further, Syria is in a state of transition.

    This is the backdrop to Israel’s window of opportunity.

    THE UNITED STATES:

    The United States obviously knew a strike was imminent. It pulled non-essential personnel out of neighbouring Iraq and from the general region.

    United States President Donald Trump has confirmed that there was communication on this offensive between Israel and the US, in the context of no-surprises.

    Trump added that the US would help defend Israel, but it’s unclear what ‘defend’ actually means. The US appears to be waiting to see exactly how Iran responds.

    The Trump Administration insists Israel’s decision to strike Iran was unilateral. United States Secretary of State Marco Rubio said today: “We are not involved in strikes against Iran, and our top priority is protecting American forces in the region.”

    IRAN’S POSITION:

    Last Sunday, the Iranian President said Iran was “ready for inspections” but added it is “unacceptable to deprive peoples of access to knowledge, technology and scientific achievements”.

    *** Only yesterday Iran’s foreign minister stated that Iran and the US were close to a deal on its nuclear energy ambitions. In a statement he said: “Trump took office saying that Iran should not have nuclear weapons. In fact, this is in line with our own doctrine and could be the main basis for the deal.”

    Perhaps Israel saw its window of opportunity narrowing.

    Iran insists its nuclear energy programme has been transparent.

    BACK-STORY:

    In negotiations with United States envoys, Iran has been insisting that it has the right to enrich its uranium but insists this is for efficient energy generation.

    Back in May Iran’s foreign minister said: To claim that any country that wants to enrich uranium has non-peaceful purposes is a “deliberate misconception”

    He stressed. “There are states that enrich uranium but do not possess nuclear weapons.”

    LEAKS ISRAEL GOVERNMENT INTELLIGENCE:

    On June 7, Iran’s Intelligence Minister claimed Iran had acquired trove of Israel Government documents that detailed Israel’s nuclear program.

    Iran described the intelligence as “sensitive and strategic” and one of the most significant intelligence leaks in Israel’s history.

    The intelligence documents also detailed communications between Israel and the United States, Europe and other countries.

    OTHER CONTEXT:

    The Russian Federation announced this week that it was willing to assist Iran with its nuclear energy ambitions.

    MIL OSI Analysis – EveningReport.nz –

    June 13, 2025
  • Key targets and capabilities: a look at Iran’s nuclear facilities amid Israeli strikes

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Israel said early on Friday it had struck Iranian nuclear targets to block Tehran from developing atomic weapons, and Iranian media and witnesses reported explosions including at the country’s main uranium enrichment facility. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said the strikes are aimed at hurting Iran’s nuclear infrastructure, ballistic missile factories and military capabilities.

    Below are some of Iran’s main nuclear facilities.

    WHERE ARE IRAN’S NUCLEAR FACILITIES?

    Iran’s nuclear programme is spread over many locations. While the threat of Israeli airstrikes has loomed for decades, only some of the sites have been built underground.

    DOES IRAN HAVE A NUCLEAR WEAPONS PROGRAMME?

    The United States and the U.N. nuclear watchdog believe Iran had a coordinated, secret nuclear weapons programme that it halted in 2003. The Islamic Republic denies ever having had one or planning to have one.

    Iran agreed to restrictions on its nuclear activities in exchange for relief from international sanctions under a 2015 deal with world powers. That pact fell apart after Trump – then serving his first term as president – pulled the United States out of it in 2018 and Iran started abandoning the restrictions in the following year.

    IS IRAN INCREASING ITS URANIUM ENRICHMENT?

    Yes. Iran has been expanding its uranium enrichment programme ever since the pact broke down, reducing the so-called “breakout time” it would need to produce enough weapons-grade uranium for a nuclear bomb to days or little more than a week from at least a year under the 2015 deal.

    Actually making a bomb with that material would take longer. How long is less clear and is the subject of debate.

    Iran is now enriching uranium to up to 60% fissile purity, close to the 90% of weapons-grade, at two sites, and in theory it has enough material enriched to that level, if enriched further, for six bombs, according to a yardstick of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the U.N. watchdog.

    NATANZ

    Netanyahu said on Friday that Israel had targetted Natanz as part of its attack.

    A complex at the heart of Iran’s enrichment programme on a plain abutting mountains outside the Shi’ite Muslim holy city of Qom, south of Tehran. Natanz houses facilities including two enrichment plants: the vast, underground Fuel Enrichment Plant (FEP) and the above-ground Pilot Fuel Enrichment Plant (PFEP).

    An exiled Iranian opposition group revealed in 2002 that Iran was secretly building Natanz, igniting a diplomatic standoff between the West and Iran over its nuclear intentions that continues today.

    The FEP was built for enrichment on a commercial scale, able to house 50,000 centrifuges. Around 16,000 centrifuges are currently installed there, roughly 13,000 of which are in operation, refining uranium to up to 5% purity.

    Diplomats with knowledge of Natanz describe the FEP as being about three floors below ground. There has long been debate about how much damage Israeli airstrikes could do to it.

    Damage has been done to centrifuges at the FEP by other means, including an explosion and power cut in April 2021 that Iran said was an attack by Israel.

    The above-ground PFEP houses only hundreds of centrifuges but Iran is enriching to up to 60% purity there.

    FORDOW

    On the opposite side of Qom, Fordow is an enrichment site dug into a mountain and therefore probably better protected from potential bombardment than the FEP.

    The 2015 deal with major powers did not allow Iran to enrich at Fordow at all. It now has around 2,000 centrifuges operating there, most of them advanced IR-6 machines, of which up to 350 are enriching to up to 60%.

    The United States, Britain and France announced in 2009 that Iran had been secretly building Fordow for years and had failed to inform the IAEA. U.S. President Barack Obama said then: “The size and configuration of this facility is inconsistent with a peaceful programme.”

    ISFAHAN

    Iran has a large nuclear technology centre on the outskirts of Isfahan, its second largest city.

    It includes the Fuel Plate Fabrication Plant (FPFP) and the uranium conversion facility (UCF) that can process uranium into the uranium hexafluoride that is fed into centrifuges.

    Iran also stores enriched uranium at Isfahan, diplomats say.

    There is equipment at Isfahan to make uranium metal, a process that is particularly proliferation-sensitive since it can be used to devise the core of a nuclear bomb.

    The IAEA has said there are machines for making centrifuge parts at Isfahan, describing it in 2022 as a “new location”.

    KHONDAB

    Iran has a partially built heavy-water research reactor originally called Arak and now Khondab. Heavy-water reactors pose a nuclear proliferation risk because they can easily produce plutonium which, like enriched uranium, can be used to make the core of an atom bomb.

    Under the 2015 deal, construction was halted, the reactor’s core was removed and filled with concrete to make it unusable. The reactor was to be redesigned “to minimise the production of plutonium and not to produce weapon-grade plutonium in normal operation”. Iran has informed the IAEA that it plans to start operating the reactor in 2026.

    TEHRAN RESEARCH CENTRE

    Iran’s nuclear research facilities in Tehran include a research reactor.

    BUSHEHR

    Iran’s only operating nuclear power plant, on the Gulf coast, uses Russian fuel that Russia then takes back when it is spent, reducing the proliferation risk.

    (Reuters)

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-Evening Report: Selwyn Manning Analysis: Israel clearly saw an opportunity to strike Iran. Here’s the trip-wire…

    Analysis and Notes by Selwyn Manning: Prep for Radio New Zealand – Israel Strikes Against Iran – June 13, 2025.

    Selwyn Manning, editor of EveningReport.nz.

    Over the last 24 hours, the atomic control agency IAEA (International Atomic Energy Agency) formed a view at its UN Geneva meeting, that there was so-called evidence that Iran had ‘undisclosed sites’ where uranium was identified.

    Iran disputes this, and suggested today that the IAEA members were wrong.

    It appears Israel identified a window of opportunity where it can strike Iran’s nuclear power generation infrastructure, assassinate its nuclear scientists, and destroy other sites that it insists are covert nuclear-development-sites.

    But let’s be clear at this moment, it is not proven that Iran has or had a covert uranium enrichment operation in play.

    ISRAEL CLAIMS:

    Israel claims its attacks on Iran are justified as preemptive defence operations – but we need to understand here… preemptive defence in itself is not legal.

    The problem on this aspect is… Israel has arguably… long ago… crossed the Rubicon regarding International Law – especially in Gaza and the West Bank – so it’s reasonable to suggest; Israel is not deterred by the possibility of any future recourse brought upon it by the international community.

    CONTEXT:

    Iran is believed to be not war-ready. But, Iran will respond. It remains to be seen how it will respond.

    At this moment, there are reports in Israel that over 100 missiles are incoming from Iran to Israel.

    We also know, Israel has weakened Hezbollah, especially within Lebanon. The strikes on Beirut earlier this month and prior were designed to weaken Hezbollah.

    Further, Syria is in a state of transition.

    The is the backdrop to Israel’s window of opportunity.

    THE UNITED STATES:

    The United States obviously knew a strike was imminent. It pulled non-essential personnel out of neighbouring Iraq and from the general region.

    United States President Donald Trump has confirmed that there was communication on this offensive between Israel and the US, in the context of no-surprises.

    Trump added that the US would help defend Israel, but it’s unclear what ‘defend’ actually means. The US appears to be waiting to see how Iran responds.

    The Trump Administration insists Israel’s decision to strike Iran was unilateral. United States Secretary of State Marco Rubio said today: “We are not involved in strikes against Iran, and our top priority is protecting American forces in the region.”

    IRAN’S POSITION:

    Last Sunday, the Iranian President said Iran was “ready for inspections” but added it is “unacceptable to deprive peoples of access to knowledge, technology and scientific achievements”.

    *** Only yesterday Iran’s foreign minister stated that Iran and the US were close to a deal on its nuclear energy ambitions. In a statement he said: “Trump took office saying that Iran should not have nuclear weapons. In fact, this is in line with our own doctrine and could be the main basis for the deal.”

    Iran insists its nuclear energy programme has been transparent.

    BACK-STORY:

    Back in May Iran’s foreign minister said: To claim that any country that wants to enrich uranium has non-peaceful purposes is a “deliberate misconception”

    He stressed. “There are states that enrich uranium but do not possess nuclear weapons.”

    LEAKS ISRAEL GOVERNMENT INTELLIGENCE:

    On June 7, Iran’s Intelligence Minister claimed Iran had acquired trove of Israel Government documents that detailed Israel’s nuclear program.

    Iran described the intelligence as “sensitive and strategic” and one of the most significant intelligence leaks in Israel’s history.

    The intelligence documents also detailed communications between Israel and the United States, Europe and other countries.

    OTHER CONTEXT:

    The Russian Federation announced this week that it was willing to assist Iran with its nuclear energy ambitions.

    MIL OSI Analysis – EveningReport.nz –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-Evening Report: Why did Israel defy Trump – and risk a major war – by striking Iran now? And what happens next?

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Amin Saikal, Emeritus Professor of Middle Eastern and Central Asian Studies, Australian National University; and Vice Chancellor’s Strategic Fellow, Victoria University

    Alarmed by an intelligence assessment that Iran will be able to produce nuclear weapons within months if not weeks, Israel has launched a massive air campaign aiming to destroy the country’s nuclear program.

    Israel’s air strikes hit Iran’s main nuclear enrichment facility at Natanz, as well as its air defences and long-range missile facilities.

    Among the dead are Hossein Salami, the chief of Iran’s powerful Revolutionary Guards Corps; Mohammad Bagheri, the commander-in-chief of the military; and two prominent nuclear scientists.

    Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has promised “severe punishment” in response. Iran could potentially target Israel’s own nuclear sites and US bases across the Persian Gulf. Israel claimed Iran launched 100 drones towards it just hours after the attack.

    The Middle East is yet again on the precipice of a potentially devastating war with serious regional and global implications.

    Stalled nuclear talks

    The Israeli operations come against the backdrop of a series of inconclusive nuclear talks between the United States and Iran. These negotiations began in mid-April at President Donald Trump’s request and aimed to reach a deal within months.

    Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu opposed the talks, pressing for military action instead as the best option to halt Iran’s nuclear program.

    The diplomatic efforts had stalled in recent weeks over Trump’s demand that Iran agree to a zero-uranium enrichment posture and destroy its stockpile of some 400 kilograms of enriched uranium at a 60% purity level. This could be rapidly enriched further to weapons-grade level.

    Tehran refused to oblige, calling it a “non-negotiable”.

    Netanyahu has long pledged to eliminate what he has called the Iranian “octopus” – the regime’s vast network of regional affiliates, including Hamas in Gaza, Hezbollah in Lebanon, the regime of former Syrian leader Bashar al-Assad, and the Houthi militants in Yemen.

    Following Hamas’ attack on Israel on October 7 2023, Israel’s military has considerably degraded these Iranian affiliates, one by one. Now, Netanyahu has now gone for beheading the octopus.

    Trump keeping his distance

    Netanyahu has in the past urged Washington to join him in a military operation against Iran. However, successive US leaders have not found it desirable to ignite or be involved in another Middle East war, especially after the debacle in Iraq and its failed Afghanistan intervention.

    Despite his strong commitment to Israel’s security and regional supremacy, Trump has been keen to follow this US posture, for two important reasons.

    He has not forgotten Netanyahu’s warm congratulations to Joe Biden when he defeated Trump in the 2020 US presidential election.

    Nor has Trump been keen to be too closely aligned with Netanyahu at the expense of his lucrative relations with oil-rich Arab states. He recently visited Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates on a trip to the Middle East, while bypassing Israel.

    Indeed, this week, Trump had warned Netanyahu not to do anything that could undermine the US nuclear talks with Iran. He has been keen to secure a deal to boost his self-declared reputation as a peace broker, despite not having done very well so far on this front.

    But as the nuclear talks seemed to be reaching a dead end, Netanyahu decided now was the moment to act.

    The Trump administration has distanced itself from the attack, saying it had no involvement. It remains to be seen whether the US will now get involved to defend Israel if and when Iran retaliates.

    What a wider war could mean

    Israel has shown it has the capacity to unleash overwhelming firepower, causing serious damage to Iran’s nuclear and military facilities and infrastructure. But the Iranian Islamic regime also has the capability to retaliate, with all the means at its disposal.

    Despite the fact the Iranian leadership faces serious domestic issues on political, social and economic fronts, it still has the ability to target Israeli and US assets in the region with advanced missiles and drones.

    It also has the capability to close the Strait of Hormuz, through which 20–25% of global oil and liquefied natural gas shipments flow. Importantly, Iran has strategic partnerships with both Russia and China, as well.

    Depending on the nature and scope of the Iranian response, the current conflict could easily develop into an uncontrollable regional war, with none of the parties emerging as victor. A major conflict could not only further destabilise what is already a volatile Middle East, but also upend the fragile global geopolitical and economic landscape.

    The Middle East cannot afford another war. Trump had good reasons to restrain Netanyahu’s government while the nuclear negotiations were taking place to see if he could hammer out a deal.

    Whether this deal can be salvaged amid the chaos is unclear. The next round of negotiations was due to be held on Sunday in Oman, but Iran said it would not attend and all talks were off until further notice.

    Iran and the US, under Barack Obama, had agreed a nuclear deal before – the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. Although Netanyahu branded it “the worst deal of the century”, it appeared to be holding until Trump, urged by Netanyahu, unilaterally withdrew from it in 2018.

    Now, Netanyahu has taken the military approach to thwart Iran’s nuclear program. And the region – and rest of the world – will have to wait and see if another war can be averted before it’s too late.

    Amin Saikal does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Why did Israel defy Trump – and risk a major war – by striking Iran now? And what happens next? – https://theconversation.com/why-did-israel-defy-trump-and-risk-a-major-war-by-striking-iran-now-and-what-happens-next-258917

    MIL OSI Analysis – EveningReport.nz –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: The 4th China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo Opens in Changsha

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    CHANGSHA, June 13 (Xinhua) — The 4th China-Africa Economic and Trade Expo opened Thursday in Changsha, capital of central China’s Hunan Province, demonstrating China’s commitment to strengthening ties with Africa, the continent with the largest number of developing countries.

    The four-day event, with the main theme “China and Africa: Together for Modernization,” will bring together about 4,700 Chinese and African enterprises and attract more than 30,000 participants. According to the organizers, the value of pre-agreed cooperation projects exceeds US$11 billion.

    Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi attended the opening ceremony on Thursday and expressed confidence that the expo would create more opportunities for China-Africa cooperation and bring more results.

    “No matter how the international situation changes, China will always stand firmly with Africa, provide strong support for the continent’s modernization, and be a true friend and sincere brother in Africa’s development,” said Wang, who is also a member of the Politburo of the CPC Central Committee.

    Realizing modernization is the common aspiration of the more than 2.8 billion people in China and Africa and a key theme of the China-Africa community with a shared future, he said.

    Wang Yi assured that China will continue to exchange governance experience with African countries and strengthen the synergy of the two sides’ development strategies. He promised that China will continue its efforts to expand opening up to Africa.

    China will also deepen practical cooperation to promote Africa’s industrialization and digital transformation, Wang added.

    The opening ceremony of the EXPO was also attended by Ugandan Prime Minister Robin Nabbanja, Liberian Vice President Jeremiah Kuhn and Kenyan Foreign Minister Musalia Mudavadi.

    In her speech, R. Nabbanja said that in the face of global challenges such as climate change, supply chain disruptions and rising protectionism, true modernization must be built on partnerships characterized by mutual respect, win-win cooperation and inclusive development.

    She called for far-sighted, sustainable and inclusive China-Africa cooperation, especially in trade and investment.

    M. Mudavadi also spoke at the opening ceremony of the event, saying that Kenya welcomes increased Chinese investment in infrastructure, especially in energy, transport and industrial parks, and supports strengthening cooperation between the two sides in the areas of technology transfer, innovation, etc.

    The current Expo features specialized zones dedicated to smart mining technologies, clean energy, modern agricultural machinery and construction equipment. For the first time, the Expo will feature specialized expositions dedicated to famous Chinese-African cooperation brands, high-quality African products, Chinese-African tourism and Chinese-African cooperation in traditional Chinese medicine.

    The Expo will feature 30 economic and trade events covering China-Africa cooperation in various fields. Two key documents on China-Africa economic ties will also be released during the event.

    As of the end of 2024, China had been Africa’s largest trading partner for 16 consecutive years, and bilateral trade growth continued to gain momentum in 2025. -0-

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: The Moscow Seasons in Beijing festival has opened in the capital of China

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    BEIJING, June 13 (Xinhua) — The Moscow Seasons in Beijing festival opened on Thursday at the Wangfujing pedestrian street in the center of the Chinese capital in the context of the 30th anniversary of the establishment of sister city relations between Beijing and Moscow.

    “On the instructions of Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin, we are opening this wonderful project “Moscow Seasons in Beijing”. Moscow has already celebrated the Chinese New Year twice, and this wonderful, bright event brings joy to every resident and guest of the Russian capital. I hope that we will be able to please and surprise every visitor to this beautiful central street of Beijing,” said First Deputy Head of the Moscow Mayor and Government Office, Chairman of the Moscow City Tourism Committee Evgeny Kozlov.

    “The project that is starting today, which is a striking example of dialogue between cultures and civilizations, continues the good tradition of cultural exchanges between the main cities of our countries that has developed in recent years,” noted the Minister-Counselor of the Russian Embassy in China, Sergei Kramintsev.

    According to him, during the festival, which took place in Moscow in connection with the celebration of the Chinese New Year according to the lunar calendar, master classes in calligraphy and the creation of paper dragons, as well as drum shows and tea ceremonies, attracted great interest from more than one and a half million visitors.

    The Moscow Seasons in Beijing festival will undoubtedly become one of the most memorable events of the program of the cross years of culture of Russia and China. In thematic pavilions, one can get acquainted with the tourist potential of our country, take part in creative master classes, visit a fair of Moscow souvenirs and try dishes of traditional Russian cuisine. Meanwhile, a rich concert program is planned, from classical music to jazz, said S. Kramintsev.

    Guo Huigang, director of the Beijing Municipal Culture and Tourism Bureau, said that Beijing and Moscow have recently jointly organized a series of events to celebrate the 30th anniversary of their sister city relationship, stressing that with the continuous development of sister city relations, Moscow has become one of Beijing’s closest sister cities on an international scale.

    He also noted that culture and tourism are important areas of cooperation between both countries and both cities. As it became known, China ranks first among foreign countries in the number of tourists coming to the Russian capital. In 2024 alone, Moscow was visited by more than 420 thousand guests from China.

    According to the Beijing City Administration of Culture and Tourism, Beijing received 293,000 tourists from Russia last year, and over 175,000 Russian tourists visited the Chinese capital in the first five months of this year. Among foreign travelers who visited Beijing during the same period, Russians ranked first.

    The festival, organized by the Moscow government with the support of the Beijing People’s Government, is one of the largest in a series of events within the framework of the China-Russia Cross Years of Culture 2024-2025. It will last until Sunday. -0-

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: China-Kazakhstan International Center for Border Cooperation “Khorgos” received almost 3.9 million people in January-May 2025

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    BEIJING, June 13 (Xinhua) — The flow of visitors to the China-Kazakhstan International Boundary Cooperation Center (ICBC) “Khorgos”, located in the city of the same name in northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, increased by 87.2 percent year on year to 3.893 million people in the first five months of 2025, according to data from the Khorgos border checkpoint.

    The Khorgos ICBC has thousands of types of goods from Central Asia and Europe. Thanks to the preferential policy, tourists can easily make purchases from all over the world here.

    Let us recall that 2024 was the Year of Kazakhstan Tourism in China, and 2025 was declared the Year of China Tourism in Kazakhstan. In the context of the synergistic effect of holding relevant events and mutual visa-free regime, Khorgos has become the main choice for cross-border travel.

    As Xinjiang’s peak tourist season approaches, Khorgos ICBC is expected to welcome a record number of visitors. -0-

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Global: Why did Israel defy Trump – and risk a major war – by striking Iran now? And what happens next?

    Source: The Conversation – Global Perspectives – By Amin Saikal, Emeritus Professor of Middle Eastern and Central Asian Studies, Australian National University; and Vice Chancellor’s Strategic Fellow, Victoria University

    Alarmed by an intelligence assessment that Iran will be able to produce nuclear weapons within months if not weeks, Israel has launched a massive air campaign aiming to destroy the country’s nuclear program.

    Israel’s air strikes hit Iran’s main nuclear enrichment facility at Natanz, as well as its air defences and long-range missile facilities.

    Among the dead are Hossein Salami, the chief of Iran’s powerful Revolutionary Guards Corps; Mohammad Bagheri, the commander-in-chief of the military; and two prominent nuclear scientists.

    Iranian Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei has promised “severe punishment” in response. Iran could potentially target Israel’s own nuclear sites and US bases across the Persian Gulf. Israel claimed Iran launched 100 drones towards it just hours after the attack.

    The Middle East is yet again on the precipice of a potentially devastating war with serious regional and global implications.

    Stalled nuclear talks

    The Israeli operations come against the backdrop of a series of inconclusive nuclear talks between the United States and Iran. These negotiations began in mid-April at President Donald Trump’s request and aimed to reach a deal within months.

    Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu opposed the talks, pressing for military action instead as the best option to halt Iran’s nuclear program.

    The diplomatic efforts had stalled in recent weeks over Trump’s demand that Iran agree to a zero-uranium enrichment posture and destroy its stockpile of some 400 kilograms of enriched uranium at a 60% purity level. This could be rapidly enriched further to weapons-grade level.

    Tehran refused to oblige, calling it a “non-negotiable”.

    Netanyahu has long pledged to eliminate what he has called the Iranian “octopus” – the regime’s vast network of regional affiliates, including Hamas in Gaza, Hezbollah in Lebanon, the regime of former Syrian leader Bashar al-Assad, and the Houthi militants in Yemen.

    Following Hamas’ attack on Israel on October 7 2023, Israel’s military has considerably degraded these Iranian affiliates, one by one. Now, Netanyahu has now gone for beheading the octopus.

    Trump keeping his distance

    Netanyahu has in the past urged Washington to join him in a military operation against Iran. However, successive US leaders have not found it desirable to ignite or be involved in another Middle East war, especially after the debacle in Iraq and its failed Afghanistan intervention.

    Despite his strong commitment to Israel’s security and regional supremacy, Trump has been keen to follow this US posture, for two important reasons.

    He has not forgotten Netanyahu’s warm congratulations to Joe Biden when he defeated Trump in the 2020 US presidential election.

    Nor has Trump been keen to be too closely aligned with Netanyahu at the expense of his lucrative relations with oil-rich Arab states. He recently visited Saudi Arabia, Qatar and the United Arab Emirates on a trip to the Middle East, while bypassing Israel.

    Indeed, this week, Trump had warned Netanyahu not to do anything that could undermine the US nuclear talks with Iran. He has been keen to secure a deal to boost his self-declared reputation as a peace broker, despite not having done very well so far on this front.

    But as the nuclear talks seemed to be reaching a dead end, Netanyahu decided now was the moment to act.

    The Trump administration has distanced itself from the attack, saying it had no involvement. It remains to be seen whether the US will now get involved to defend Israel if and when Iran retaliates.

    What a wider war could mean

    Israel has shown it has the capacity to unleash overwhelming firepower, causing serious damage to Iran’s nuclear and military facilities and infrastructure. But the Iranian Islamic regime also has the capability to retaliate, with all the means at its disposal.

    Despite the fact the Iranian leadership faces serious domestic issues on political, social and economic fronts, it still has the ability to target Israeli and US assets in the region with advanced missiles and drones.

    It also has the capability to close the Strait of Hormuz, through which 20–25% of global oil and liquefied natural gas shipments flow. Importantly, Iran has strategic partnerships with both Russia and China, as well.

    Depending on the nature and scope of the Iranian response, the current conflict could easily develop into an uncontrollable regional war, with none of the parties emerging as victor. A major conflict could not only further destabilise what is already a volatile Middle East, but also upend the fragile global geopolitical and economic landscape.

    The Middle East cannot afford another war. Trump had good reasons to restrain Netanyahu’s government while the nuclear negotiations were taking place to see if he could hammer out a deal.

    Whether this deal can be salvaged amid the chaos is unclear. The next round of negotiations was due to be held on Sunday in Oman, but Iran said it would not attend and all talks were off until further notice.

    Iran and the US, under Barack Obama, had agreed a nuclear deal before – the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action. Although Netanyahu branded it “the worst deal of the century”, it appeared to be holding until Trump, urged by Netanyahu, unilaterally withdrew from it in 2018.

    Now, Netanyahu has taken the military approach to thwart Iran’s nuclear program. And the region – and rest of the world – will have to wait and see if another war can be averted before it’s too late.

    Amin Saikal does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Why did Israel defy Trump – and risk a major war – by striking Iran now? And what happens next? – https://theconversation.com/why-did-israel-defy-trump-and-risk-a-major-war-by-striking-iran-now-and-what-happens-next-258917

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: China has fully implemented a system of voluntary blood donation.

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    BEIJING, June 13 (Xinhua) — China has fully implemented the voluntary blood donation system and taken a series of measures to safely provide blood in clinical settings, Gao Guangming, an official with the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), said Thursday.

    China has expanded blood screening programs and improved testing technology, effectively preventing the transmission of highly infectious diseases through blood transfusions, he said at a press conference.

    According to Gao Guangming, China currently ranks first in the world in terms of overall blood safety.

    The country is strengthening its national blood emergency response system to enable targeted cross-regional distribution of blood resources to ensure adequate supplies in key areas and during peak periods, the official said.

    Gao Guangming further noted that in order to raise public awareness of blood donation, the NCRR, in partnership with China State Railway Corporation (CSRC), has posted motivational videos and posters on 260,000 screens at more than 3,000 railway stations and more than 4,200 high-speed trains across the country.

    At the same time, party and government bodies, universities, enterprises and state institutions are encouraged to participate in corporate voluntary blood donation and create an exemplary example for the formation of healthy social behavior, he added.

    Gao Guangming said at a press conference that there are about 11.4 blood donors for every 1,000 people in China. -0-

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: China welcomes UNGA resolution on ceasefire in Gaza

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    UNITED NATIONS, June 13 (Xinhua) — China’s permanent representative to the United Nations Fu Cong welcomed the UN General Assembly resolution adopted on Thursday calling for an immediate ceasefire in the Gaza Strip and access to large-scale humanitarian aid.

    According to Fu Tsung, this document reflects the call of the international community, is a powerful political signal and embodies solidarity and consensus among the vast majority of UN member states.

    The Chinese envoy expressed regret that the UN Security Council failed to adopt a similar resolution last week due to a US veto. He also called on Israel to stop its military operation in the Gaza Strip.

    “Israel continues to escalate its military offensive on Gaza, and every day a large number of innocent people are killed,” he said.

    An immediate and permanent ceasefire is the surest way to save lives and bring the hostages home. China calls on Israel to immediately stop all military operations in the enclave. The Chinese diplomat said the country, which wields considerable influence, should take an impartial and responsible stance and take effective and decisive action.

    He said China opposes the use of humanitarian aid as a weapon.

    The UN and humanitarian organizations have warned that Gazans are facing imminent large-scale famine. Meanwhile, huge amounts of food have accumulated in warehouses on Gaza’s borders and cannot be delivered to starving civilians, Fu Cong emphasized.

    “Such forced deprivation of people’s right to food is a violation of international law. It is cruel and unacceptable,” said China’s permanent representative to the UN.

    “China firmly opposes the use of humanitarian aid as a weapon and urges Israel to fulfill its obligations as an occupying power by immediately lifting the blockade on Gaza, fully restoring access to humanitarian supplies, and supporting the United Nations and other humanitarian organizations in carrying out their work.” –0–

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • NASA delays Axiom-4 mission to ISS amid Russian module air leak concerns

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    NASA indefinitely delayed a four-person crew’s mission to the International Space Station on Thursday over an escalating probe into air leaks aboard the orbiting laboratory’s Russian segment.

    The U.S. space agency said it was working with Roscosmos, Russia’s space agency, to “understand a new pressure signature” detected by cosmonauts in the Zvezda Service Module, a more than 2-decade-old core compartment that for months has sprung small leaks.

    “Cosmonauts aboard the space station recently performed inspections of the pressurized module’s interior surfaces, sealed some additional areas of interest, and measured the current leak rate,” NASA said in a statement. “Following this effort, the segment now is holding pressure.”

    The agency did not immediately respond to questions on what the leak rate was.

    Small cracks on the ISS in recent years, particularly on the aging Russian segment, have contributed to the international partnership’s decision to retire the ISS by 2030.

    Leaks of air from the cracks have been minor and posed no immediate safety threats to the station‘s astronauts but are increasingly worrisome signs of aging that NASA and Roscosmos have been investigating, while having crew members patch the leaks with tape, glue and other solutions.

    Scheduled to be aboard the Axiom Mission 4 is Shubhanshu Shukla, an Indian Air Force pilot and one of four astronauts-in-training picked by the Indian Space Research Organization to fly on India’s own debut crewed mission, the Gaganyaan mission planned for 2027.

    Shukla, 39, will be the first astronaut to go to the ISS from India’s astronaut corps.

    -Reuters

    June 13, 2025
  • Oil soars more than 9% after Israel strikes Iran, rattling investors

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Oil prices surged more than 9% on Friday, hitting their highest in almost five months after Israel struck Iran, dramatically escalating tensions in the Middle East and raising worries about disrupted oil supplies.

    Brent crude futures LCOc1 jumped $6.29, or 9.07%, to $75.65 a barrel by 0315 GMT after hitting an intraday high of $78.50, the highest since January 27. U.S. West Texas Intermediate crude CLc1 was up $6.43, or 9.45%, at $74.47 a barrel after hitting a high of $77.62, the loftiest since January 21.

    Friday’s gains were the largest intraday moves for both contracts since 2022 after Russia invaded Ukraine, causing energy prices to spike.

    Israel said it targeted Iran’s nuclear facilities, ballistic missile factories and military commanders on Friday at the start of what it warned would be a prolonged operation to prevent Tehran from building an atomic weapon.

    “This has elevated geopolitical uncertainty significantly and requires the oil market to price in a larger risk premium for any potential supply disruptions,” ING analysts led by Warren Patterson said in a note.

    Several oil traders in Singapore said it was still too early to say if the strike will affect Middle East oil shipments as it will depend on how Iran retaliates and if the U.S. will intervene.

    “It’s too early to tell but I think the market is worried about shutting off of the Strait of Hormuz,” one of the traders said.

    MST Marquee senior energy analyst Saul Kavonic said the conflict would need to escalate to the point of Iranian retaliation on oil infrastructure in the region before oil supply is materially impacted.

    He added that Iran could hinder up to 20 million barrels per day of oil supply via attacks on infrastructure or limiting passage through the Strait of Hormuz, in an extreme scenario.

    Iran’s Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said Israel will receive “harsh punishment” following Friday’s attack that he said killed several military commanders.

    U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio on Thursday called Israel’s strikes against Iran a “unilateral action” and said Washington was not involved while also urging Tehran not to target U.S. interests or personnel in the region.

    “Iran has announced an emergency and is preparing to retaliate, which raises the risk of not just disruptions but of contagion in other neighbouring oil producing nations too,” said Priyanka Sachdeva, senior market analyst at Phillip Nova.

    “Although Trump has shown reluctance to participate, U.S. involvement could further raise concerns.”

    In other markets, stocks dived in early Asian trade, led by a selloff in U.S. futures, while investors scurried to safe havens such as gold and the Swiss franc.

    (Reuters)

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: Israel Launches Preemptive Strike on Iran, Explosions Rock Tehran

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    TEHRAN/JERUSALEM, June 13 (Xinhua) — Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz said on Friday that Israel launched a “preemptive strike” on Iran and declared a state of emergency throughout the country.

    The Israel Defense Forces (IDF) confirmed that some Iranian military and nuclear facilities were hit.

    As reported by the Iranian state television channel IRIB, powerful explosions were heard in the capital Tehran on Friday morning. Their source has not yet been established.

    US Secretary of State Marco Rubio says US not involved in Israeli attack. –0–

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: Donor stem cells from China given to patient in Kazakhstan for treatment purposes for the first time

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    BEIJING, June 13 (Xinhua) — A student from east China’s Anhui Province has become China’s first donor to have his stem cells transported to Kazakhstan to help a patient.

    According to the People’s Daily newspaper, the young man Xiaoding /name changed/ graduated from Anhui University of Technology and was registered with the China Bone Marrow Donation Program /CMDP/. In April this year, he was invited to the Red Cross Society of Huainan City, Anhui Province, due to the fact that he had undergone bone marrow typing. He was told that he would match the type of a patient in Kazakhstan.

    The process of collecting donor stem cells took place on Tuesday at the First Hospital of China University of Science and Technology (Hefei, Anhui Province). The procedure lasted about three hours, after which a package of hematopoietic stem cells from a young Chinese man was delivered to Kazakhstan.

    In a note sent with a similar package, Xiaoding writes: “The sunrise of each day brings new hope, and it is the gift of life. I wish you happiness on this end of the earth and look forward to the day when, having recovered, you will be able to travel freely across the vast steppes of Kazakhstan and set out on your long and wonderful life journey.” -0-

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: Hainan Province Prepares for Typhoon Wutip

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    HAIKOU, June 13 (Xinhua) — South China’s island province of Hainan is on high alert as Typhoon Wutip (Butterfly), the first typhoon of the year, is expected to make landfall in the province on Friday.

    Typhoon Wutip strengthened into a severe tropical storm at 8:00 p.m. Thursday, with its center about 95 km south of Sanya, packing maximum sustained winds of 10 points (25 meters per second) near the center, according to the local meteorological department.

    Heavy rainfall exceeding 100mm is expected in six towns and counties on the island over the next 24 hours, with warnings of heavy rain and flash floods also issued.

    Sanya City issued a Level 2 flood and typhoon alert at 6 p.m. Thursday. Local major reservoirs gradually opened their floodgates to release water, while water supply and sewage systems continued to operate normally.

    All kindergartens, schools, construction sites and tourist attractions in Sanya have been closed. Ships are banned from sailing and Fenghuang International Airport has suspended all flights from 10 p.m. on Thursday. High-speed rail service on Hainan has been suspended and is expected to resume on Saturday.

    The typhoon is moving northwest at 10-15 km/h and is gaining strength. It is expected to make landfall in the coastal area between the cities of Sanya and Dongfang on Friday morning and then hit Guangdong Province and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China on Saturday. -0-

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI USA: Sullivan Chairs Hearing on Combatting Chinese & Russian IUU Fishing Threat

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Alaska Dan Sullivan

    06.12.25

    WASHINGTON—U.S. Senator Dan Sullivan (R-Alaska), chairman of the Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Subcommittee on Coast Guard, Maritime, and Fisheries, today chaired a hearing on the threat of foreign illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing to Alaska’s fishermen and coastal communities. The hearing focused on strategies to combat foreign IUU fishing, many of which are found in Sen. Sullivan’s Fighting Foreign Illegal Seafood Harvest (FISH) Act. These strategies include blacklisting offending vessels from U.S. ports and waters, bolstering the U.S. Coast Guard’s enforcement capabilities and partnerships, and advancing international and bilateral negotiations to achieve enforceable agreements and treaties. On April 30, 2025, the Senate Commerce Committee unanimously passed Sen. Sullivan’s FISH Act, co-led by Sen. Sheldon Whitehouse (D-R.I).

    The hearing featured testimony from a panel of expert witnesses, including Gabriel Prout, president of the Alaska Bering Sea Crabbers.

    [embedded content]

    “There was a senior Russian official who publicly declared, ‘We know we’re at war with American fishermen.’…What more should we be doing with regard to the unfair competition with Chinese and Russian fleets?” Sen. Sullivan asked. “We’ve talked about their IUU practices, their slave labor practices. Another thing that happens is their governments heavily subsidize their fleet…What are the other things we can be doing and how has the ban on Russian seafood into the U.S. market, including the Chinese communist loophole that we also shut down, helped your industry and other fishermen throughout the country?”

    “The effect of IUU and the importation of it into our markets has been nothing short of devastating,” said Mr. Prout. “When Russia floods the market with illegal, under-priced crab, or any other seafood commodity for that matter, it puts downward pressure on our prices and destabilizes the processors. Processors within Alaska especially rely on numerous revenue sources of different seafood commodities…They use that method to stay afloat, diversifying their portfolio a little bit. If they take a major loss on crab or salmon, it really destabilizes their efforts and it threatens their whole operation. Additionally, fishermen then are potentially looking at a loss of a place to deliver, because the processors are unable to compete with the importation of IUU products, just because of the price difference that is associated with it.

    “As far as the impact of your efforts, it’s had a tremendous impact—banning the importation of Russian crab. One of the most notable products in Alaska, of course, is the Alaskan red king crab. This past season, myself and my family, and all the rest of the fishermen who participated in that, experienced record prices at the dock for their catch. I can confidently say that I believe that wouldn’t have taken effect had there still been a large importation of Russian product coming into the domestic market. So your efforts to stem the flow of that IUU [seafood] have been very obvious to my family and many of the fishermen within Alaska.”

    Other hearing witnesses included Gregory Poling, director and senior fellow of the Southeast Asia Program and the Asia Maritime Transparency Initiative at the Center for Strategic & International Studies (CSIS); Nathan Rickard, partner at Picard Kentz & Rowe; and Whitley Saumweber, director of the Stephenson Ocean Security Project at CSIS.

    Below is a full transcript of Senator Sullivan’s opening statement at the hearing.

    Today’s hearing will focus on international conflict, criminal activity, and, yes, even slave labor associated with the ocean. We’re particularly focused on the fight for fisheries resources, geopolitical flashpoints where conflict is likely to arise, and the role of both state and non-state actors involved in conflict with criminal activity in the fishing sector. And, of course, we want sustainable, lasting fisheries.

    Additionally, we’ll discuss measures being taken to address the growing challenges and criminal activity surrounding these resources and conflicts, and what more can be done. Illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing, also known as IUU fishing, poses a significant threat to global marine ecosystems, economies, sustainable fisheries, and food security.

    It is estimated that IUU fishing accounts for up to 20 percent of the global catch, which translates to global losses between $10 billion and $50 billion annually for fishing fleets that actually fish legally, like ours in America. The scale of IUU fishing varies by region, with some areas experiencing more severe impacts due to lax enforcement, corruption, and high demand for seafood. Of course, the Chinese Communist Party in China plays a significant role in this problem in the global fishing industry, and is the worst offender of IUU fishing, by far. No surprise.

    The Chinese government has provided billions of dollars in subsidies to its distant water fishing fleets, “gray fleets,” as we sometimes call them, enabling their fishing sector to grow exponentially. According to Global Fishing Watch, China operates approximately 57,000 fishing vessels—57,000—which accounts for 44 percent of the world’s total fishing activity.

    Operating in tandem with the Chinese military to protect its fishing fleet, the Chinese fishing boats benefit from the protection of the Chinese Coast Guard and Navy, ensuring their ability to pilfer resources around the globe. If you care about the environment and healthy ecosystems, this should be a top concern of yours. China is ravaging our oceans.

    The scale of China’s fishing activities raises concerns about the sustainability of global fish stocks around the world, and the geopolitical tensions that can arise from maritime disputes.

    China is a concern, but Russia is as well. Close to Alaska, Russian and other vessels conduct IUU fishing near our exclusive economic zone, our EEZ. Although Russia banned imports of U.S. seafood into Russia over ten years ago, Russia has been able to bring their seafood into the U.S., sometimes using loopholes through China as recently as late 2023.

    IUU fishing is not an issue just for the United States. U.S. fisheries are the most sustainable fisheries in the world, but sustainably sourced, legally caught, high quality seafood can’t compete with illegally sourced seafood that is being plundered from our oceans.

    I might add, due to some great reporting—and I’m going to reference it here in this hearing—from Politico magazine, [and] the New Yorker, China also uses slave labor on many of its fishing vessels. Pretty hard to compete against slave labor if you’re an American fisherman. IUU fishing not only distorts the true cost of seafood sold in markets, but it is often linked overseas with transnational crime, forced and slave labor, and even human and drug trafficking.

    The key to preventing IUU fishing is to lead international efforts to address the issue at its sources globally. Through the years, Congress and the executive branch, Democrats and Republicans, have worked together with global partners and have focused on IUU fishing. I’m proud to see my colleague and friend, Senator Whitehouse, here. He and I recently introduced our Fighting Foreign Illegal Seafood Harvest, also known as the FISH Act, a bipartisan bill that just recently in this committee passed unanimously. It puts IUU fishing vessels on a blacklist, raises costs for IUU vessel owners and importers, and supports increased Coast Guard enforcement and work with our partners. It builds on previous bipartisan legislation that this committee has championed, particularly Senator Wicker’s Maritime Safe Act.

    In April, President Trump signed an executive order entitled, “Restoring American Seafood Competitiveness.” My office, my team and I were proud to work closely with the Trump administration on this important executive order. This order aims at strengthening measures to combat IUU fishing, including preventing IUU seafood from entering the U.S. market, and supporting international efforts to address the issue at its source. We look forward to working with the administration on these efforts.

    But it’s not all bad news. This is, after all, the subcommittee in charge of the Coast Guard. I believe we are going to be embarking on a golden age for our Coast Guard. In the budget reconciliation bill right now, there is $24.6 billion focused on the Coast Guard of the United States. That will likely be the biggest investment in the Coast Guard in the history of the United States of America. There are a lot of good things happening with regard to our Coast Guard.

    The U.S. has a vital role to play, a leading role to play, in combating IUU fishing through regulatory measures, international cooperation, consumer awareness, and passing the FISH Act. By preventing IUU seafood from entering our market, the U.S. can help protect legitimate fishermen, some of whom we’ll hear from today, and promote sustainable fishing practices worldwide.

    Below is a full transcript of Mr. Prout’s opening statement at the hearing.

    Thank you for the opportunity to appear today to discuss the devastating impact of IUU—illegal, unreported and unregulated—crab fishing, and unfair Russian and Chinese trade practices on American crab fishermen and coastal communities. I’d like to first start by acknowledging and thanking Senator Sullivan, as well as Senator Cantwell, for their long-standing support of independent crab harvesters like myself. Thank you. My name is Gabriel Prout and I am the President of Alaska Bering Sea Crabbers. I represent the majority of quota and vessel owners harvesting king, snow, and bairdi crab in the Bering Sea. I’m also a third-generation commercial fisherman and a vessel owner from Kodiak, Alaska, a seafood powerhouse where hundreds of millions of pounds of product cross the docks each year.

    For nearly 20 years, I’ve worked in the Bering Sea and Gulf of Alaska with two of my brothers, continuing a livelihood passed down from our father and grandfather. In recent years, the collapse of snow crab and red king crab stocks hit us hard. Boats sat tied up, crews were out of work, and families like mine faced deep uncertainty. This fishery isn’t just our livelihood, it is our identity. Crab stocks now appear to be rebounding, but we still need action to protect small fishing families, like mine, especially from the harms of IUU fishing.

    For over 20 years, Russian IUU crab has undercut the economic foundation of our industry. A 2021 U.S. International Trade Commission report found that, in 2019, over 20 percent of U.S. imports of snow and king crab from the Russian far east came from IUU sources. Fortunately, U.S. imports of Russian crab have largely ceased thanks to the embargo that began under President Biden, continued under President Trump, and was strengthened by Senator Sullivan’s work to close the China trans-shipment loophole.

    Still, Russia’s IUU crab continues entering global markets through other channels, suppressing prices and creating unfair competition for U.S. harvesters who follow the law. Russia’s actions extend far beyond IUU. The following are just a few key points.

    It has heavily subsidized its seafood industry to deliberately undercut U.S. competitors; flooded international markets with underpriced seafood following its 2022 invasion of Ukraine to help fund its war; and contributed to an estimated $1.8 billion in losses for the Alaska seafood industry during 2022 and 2023.

    There are also national security concerns. Russian crab is being funneled into the global market through North Korean smuggling networks, where it’s reprocessed and relabeled in China. This collaboration between two sanctioned regimes undermines trade restrictions and raises serious concerns about enforcement and global seafood supply chain integrity.

    Based on years of experience witnessing the impact of Russian IUU on Alaskan crabbers, I respectfully urge the following actions.

    One, expand the seafood import monitoring program and ensure it focuses on species at highest risk for IUU fishing; [and] mandate country-of-origin labeling, also known as “cool labeling” that also applies to cooked crab products.

    Two, expand economic sanctions and trade restrictions, which would extend and strengthen sanctions on Russian-origin seafood and ensure enforcement on the ban of Russian seafood entering through third countries, especially China.

    Expand intelligence sharing agreements with allies. This is under point three. Increase international cooperation and enforcement, increase support for international bodies working to combat IUU fishing, and push for stronger enforcement of port state measure agreements, especially with countries still importing Russian crab around the world.

    Four, provide economic relief to affected communities, establish emergency relief similar to the Seafood Trade Relief Program, and create low-interest loans to help crabbers and fishing fleets modernize gear and remain competitive throughout the world; prioritize support for small, independent, family-owned fishing operations like those that I represent.

    And five, strengthen U.S. enforcement against IUU fishing. Congress should pass Senate Bill 688, the FISH Act, and provide full funding and direction for the U.S. Coast Guard and NOAA to expand patrols, inspections, and enforcements targeting IUU threats.

    For over two decades, Russian IUU crab has undermined American fishermen who follow the rules, invest in sustainability, and support our coastal communities. This isn’t just about statistics. It’s about lost livelihoods, struggling towns and an industry fighting for survival.

    Congress has the opportunity to protect American harvesters and ensure global seafood is harvested legally and sustainably. Thank you for your attention to this critical issue affecting thousands of American fishing families. I look forward to your questions and working with the Committee on effective solutions.

    MIL OSI USA News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: Breaking: Israel Launches Preemptive Strike on Iran, Explosions Rock Tehran

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    TEHRAN/JERUSALEM, June 13 (Xinhua) — Israeli Defense Minister Israel Katz said on Friday that Israel launched a “preemptive strike” on Iran and declared a state of emergency throughout the country.

    Powerful explosions were heard in the capital Tehran on Friday morning, Iranian state television IRIB reported. Their source has not yet been determined. –0–

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: Press Briefing Transcript: Julie Kozack, Director, Communications Department, June 12, 2025

    Source: IMF – News in Russian

    June 12, 2025

    SPEAKER:  Ms. Julie Kozack, Director of the Communications Department, IMF

    MS. KOZACK: Good morning, everyone, and welcome to this IMF Press Briefing. My name is Julie Kozak. I’m the Director of Communications at the IMF.  As usual, this press briefing will be embargoed until 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time in the United States.  And as usual, I will start with a few announcements, and then I’ll take your questions in person on WebEx and via the Press Center.  And I have quite a few announcements today, so please do bear with me. 

    On June 18th, the Managing Director will travel to Brussels, where she will hold bilateral meetings with officials.  On June 19th, she will travel to Luxembourg to present the Euro Area Annual Consultation at the Eurogroup meeting.  On June 20th, the Managing Director will be in Rome to speak at the Mattei Plan for Africa and the Global Gateway event, a joint effort with the African Continent.  This event is co-chaired by Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni and European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen.  And from there, the Managing Director will travel to Japan from June 22nd to 24th.  During her visit, she will hold meetings with Japanese officials, members of the private sector, and other stakeholders. 

    Turning to other management travel.  First Deputy Managing Director Gita Gopinath will travel to Sri Lanka, Singapore, and Indonesia.  On June 16th, she will participate in the Sri Lanka Road to Recovery Conference, where she will deliver opening remarks.  And in all three countries, our FDMD will meet with officials and various stakeholders during this trip. 

    From June 24th through 26th, our Deputy Managing Director Bo Li will attend the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting of the New Champions in Tianjin, China.  DMD Li will participate in sessions on safeguarding growth engines and the role of digital assets in Global payment systems. 

    On June 30th, Deputy Managing Director Nigel Clarke will participate in the Finance for Development Conference and in Sevilla, Spain. 

    And with that, I will now open the floor to your questions.  For those of you who are connecting virtually, please do turn on both your camera and microphone when speaking.  All right, let’s open the floor.   

    QUESTIONER: I have two questions on Ukraine.  After meetings in Kyiv last month, the IMF mission emphasized the importance of Ukraine’s upcoming budget declaration for 2026-2028, which will determine the course of the fiscal framework and policies.  What are the Fund’s expectations, and does the IMF have any specific requirements or policy guidelines for this document?  And secondly, if I may, do you have data of the IMF Board — IMF support meetings to approve the aides review for Ukraine?     

    MS. KOZACK: Any other questions on Ukraine?                                          

    QUESTIONER: So, Ukraine has recently defaulted on its GDP-linked securities and, before that, failed to reach an agreement with creditors to restructure its part of its sovereign debt.  How concerned is IMF with these developments, and do you see any risks for the EFF repayments from Ukraine?  Thank you. 

    QUESTIONER: Some follow-up to your question.  IMF sources indicate that Ukraine transferred $171 million repayment to the Fund on June 9th, the first repayment on loans received post-February 2022.  Can you confirm this payment was received?  And how does the IMF view Ukraine’s emerging shift towards repayment on wartime financing?  Thank you. 

    MS. KOZACK: Let me take these questions for a moment, and I’ll remind you where we are on Ukraine.

    On May 28th, IMF staff and the Ukrainian authorities reached Staff–Level Agreement.  And this was for the Eighth Review of the EFF program.  Subject to approval by our Executive Board, Ukraine will have access to about U.S. $500 million, and that would bring total disbursements under the program to U.S. $10.6 billion.  The Board is scheduled to take place in the coming weeks, and we’ll provide more details as they become available.  I can also add that Ukraine’s economy has remained resilient.  Performance under the EFF has continued to be strong despite very challenging circumstances.  The authorities met all of their quantitative performance criteria and indicative targets, and progress does continue on the structural agenda in Ukraine.

    Now, with respect to the specific questions on the budget declaration, what I can provide there is that our view is that the 2026-2028 budget declaration will provide a strategic framework for fiscal policy for the remainder of the program over that period of time.  It will help focus the debate on key expenditure priorities, including recovery, reconstruction, defense, and social spending.  And it will also form the basis for discussion of the 2026 budget, which, of course, will also be an important milestone for Ukraine. 

    On the question regarding the debt, what I can say there is that we encourage the Ukrainian authorities and their creditors to continue to make progress toward reaching an agreement in line with the debt sustainability targets under the IMF’s program and the authority’s announced strategy.  So that’s sort of our broad view on the debt.  On the implications for completion of the review, as in all cases where a member country may have arrears to private creditors, staff will assess whether the requirements under the Fund’s lending into arrears policy are met.  In light of this, again, we encourage the authorities to continue to make good-faith efforts toward reaching an agreement in light of the debt sustainability targets. 

    And on your question about Ukraine’s payment to the Fund, what I can say is that, in general, we don’t comment on specific transactions of individual members.  What I can guide you to is that we do provide on our website detailed information on members’ repayments.  And this is made available on a monthly basis.  So, at the end of each month, if you look at the Ukraine page, you can see the transactions that were made.  And on a daily basis, we provide detail on member countries outstanding obligations to the IMF.  So that can give you a sense of how the overall obligations of Ukraine have evolved on a daily basis. 

    QUESTIONER: Can you give us an update on the relationship between the IMF and Senegal?  Where do things currently stand with misreporting and a new program?  This is my first question.  And the second one I have is the Fifth Review under the Policy Coordination concerning Rwanda.  The IMF stated that “Rwanda continues to demonstrate leadership in integrating climate consideration into macroeconomic policy and leveraging institutional reforms to mobilize climate finance.”  Now my question is, can you please tell us concretely what kind of institutional reforms have been implemented by Rwanda? 

    MS. KOZACK: So, before I answer this, are there any other questions on Senegal or Rwanda? I see none in the room. Anyone online want to come in on Senegal?  Okay, I don’t see anyone coming in, so let’s start with Senegal, and then we’ll move to Rwanda. 

    What I can say on Senegal is that we, the IMF and our team in particular, remained actively engaged with the Senegalese authorities, including during a visit to Dakar over March and April and further discussions during the Spring Meetings, which were held here in Washington in April.  We do continue to work with the authorities to address the complex misreporting case that is ongoing.  And addressing this complex case does require a rigorous and time-intensive process.

    I also want to take the opportunity to add that the IMF supports our member countries in a variety of ways, and it goes beyond just providing financing.  So, for example, in the case of Senegal, we are continuing to provide the authorities with technical assistance, including, for example, on our debt sustainability analysis that is tailored to low-income countries.  We’re working closely with the authorities on compiling government financial statistics.  This is being led by our Statistics Department.  We’re providing technical assistance on energy sector reform, public investment management, and revenue mobilization, and that, of course, is with support from our fiscal experts. 

    With respect to a new program.  We don’t have currently a fixed timeline for a new program, and we are awaiting the final audit outcome. 

    Now, turning to your question on Rwanda here.  What I can say, and maybe just to step back and remind everyone of where we are in Rwanda.  On June 4th, so just a few days ago, our Executive Board concluded the Fifth Review of Rwanda’s policy Coordination Instrument.  Rwanda’s economic growth remains among the strongest in Sub-Saharan Africa, and that’s despite rising pressures both on the fiscal side and the external side.  Rwanda, of course, we’re encouraging Rwanda to continue with a credible fiscal consolidation, strong domestic revenue mobilization, and a strong monetary policy. 

    With respect to your specific question, Rwanda successfully completed its Resilience and Sustainability Fund program, the RSF program, in December of 2024, six months ahead of the initial timetable.  And under this RSF, Rwanda did carry out a number of institutional reforms that were focused on green public financial management, climate public investment management, climate-related risk management for financial institutions, and disaster risk reduction.  So, these are some of the institutional reforms that Rwanda completed, which led us to make that statement about their leadership in this area. 

    I can also add that these reforms, along with some of the other reforms they’re having, they’re undertaking, such as a green taxonomy and the adoption of best practices in climate risk reporting by financial institutions.  The idea is that this together will help to close information gaps, improve transparency, and that hopefully will allow for a boost to private sector engagement in advancing Rwanda’s ambitious climate goals and its broader goals toward economic development and strong and sustainable growth. 

    QUESTIONER: Two questions on Syria.  The Fund said this week that Syria needs substantial international assistance for its recovery efforts.  Firstly, can you give us an estimation of how much economic assistance Syria will need?  And secondly, could you just let us know if there were any discussions around if a potential Article IV was discussed? 

    MS. KOZACK: Thank you. Any other questions on Syria?                   

    QUESTIONER: Just to know if there was any demand from the Syrian government for any kind of technical assistance from the IMF to help them recover, economically speaking?

    MS. KOZACK: Does anyone online want to come in on Syria? I don’t see anyone coming in. So let me step back again and give a sense of where we are on Syria.

    I think, as many of you know, an IMF staff team visited Syria from June 1st through 5th.  This was the first IMF visit to Syria since 2009.  The goal of the visit was to assess the economic and financial conditions in Syria, as well as to discuss with the authorities their economic policy, and also to ascertain the authorities ‘ capacity-building priorities, ultimately to support the recovery of the Syrian economy.  I think, as we’ve discussed here before, Syria faces enormous challenges following years of conflict that have caused immense human suffering, and it’s reduced the Syrian economy to a fraction of its former size. 

    At the IMF, we’re committed to supporting Syria in its efforts.  Based on the findings of the mission, IMF staff, in coordination with other partners, are developing a detailed roadmap for policy and capacity development priorities for key economic institutions.  And within the IMF’s mandate, this covers the Finance Ministry, the Central Bank, and the Statistics Agency.  So those would be the areas where we will be focusing in terms of the detailed roadmap on priorities, economic and capacity building priorities. 

    Syria, as noted, will need substantial international assistance.  We don’t yet have a precise estimate of that assistance.  But what I can say is this will also — it will not only require concessional financial support, but also substantial capacity development support for the country.  And that’s basically where we have left it with the Syrian authorities.  And, of course, we will continue to engage closely with them, and we are committed to helping them, supporting them on their recovery journey. 

    QUESTIONER: Is the date of the IMF mission to Argentina already said?  And based on that definition, when would the First Review of the agreement could take place?  And another one, in the last few days, the Argentina government has launched different mechanisms to try to increase the level of foreign exchange reserves.  Is the IMF worried that Argentina will not reach the target set in the agreement?  And could the IMF give Argentina a waiver on this?  Thank you very much. 

    MS. KOZACK: Okay, any other questions in the room on Argentina? I know we have several online.

    QUESTIONER: Thanks for taking my questions.  I would like to know how does the IMF evaluate the listed economy measures, particularly the issue of the measure to use undeclared dollars.  Thank you.

    QUESTIONER: My first question is about the reserve target for the new program with Argentina.  Central Bank is about $4 billion below the target set for June.  Also, some operations are expected that could increase their reserve stock.  Officials said on Monday evening that local currency bonds can now be purchased with U.S. dollar and that the minimum time requirement for foreign investors to hold onto some Argentina bonds will be eliminated.  The IMF is concerned that the Central Bank is not accumulating reserves touch foreign trade and is only receiving income touch debt.  Is the consensus with the authorities to postpone the Frist Review and allow time for Argentina to activate credit operation in order to close — to get closer to the target set for June, or Argentina should resort to a waiver?  And what is your view on the recent measures? 

    And that second question is about the possibility of an IMF mission arriving in Argentina in the coming weeks.  Is that possible?  Would it be a technical staff mission, or could the Managing Director or Deputy Executive Director also come?  Thank you very much. 

    QUESTIONER: So, the question is the same as (connection issue) First Review of the agreement signed in April (connection issue)

    QUESTIONER: -Is the IMF considering granting a waiver and also if they build up. 

    MS. KOZACK: You’ve broken up quite a bit, and now we’re not able to hear you, so we’ll try to get you back, or I think what I understood from your question is it’s broadly along the same lines as some of the other questions. What we can do is if you want to connect via the Press Center, I can read the question out loud. But what I’m going to do is move on.                      

    QUESTIONER:  Basically, echoing my colleague’s questions on the timing of the mission and whether an extension was granted to meet the reserve’s target, well, for the First Review generally.  And separately, Argentina has July 9th dollar debt payments, which will obviously affect reserves.  How will that payment and timing affect your calculus of the reserves target within the First Review?  Thank you.

    QUESTIONER: Well, yes, also echoing my colleague’s question regarding whether the timeline for the First Review, the end date remains this Friday, which was what it said on the Staff Report.  And also, there was a ruling lately, these past few days, against former President Cristina Kirchner.  I was wondering if that raises any concerns in the IMF regarding any political conflict or any subsequent economic impact. 

    MS. KOZACK: I think we’ve covered all the questions on Argentina. Anyone else on Argentina? Okay, very good.  So, let me try to give a response that tries to cover as many of these questions as I can.  So again, I’m just going to step back and provide where we are with Argentina. 

    So, on April 11th, the IMF’s Executive Board approved a new four-year EFF arrangement worth $20 billion for Argentina.  The initial disbursement was $12 billion, and the goal of the program was to support is to support Argentina’s transition to the next phase of state stabilization and reform.  The Milei administration’s policies continue to evolve and to deliver impressive results, as we have previously noted. 

    In this regard, we welcome the recent measures announced this week by the Central Bank and the Ministry of Finance as they represent another important step in efforts to consolidate disinflation, support the government’s financing strategy and to rebuild reserves and, more specifically, steps to strengthen the monetary framework and to improve liquidity management.  These are important to further reduce inflation and inflation expectations.  The Treasury’s successful reentry into capital markets and other actions to mobilize financing for Argentina are also expected to boost reserves, and stability overall for the country continues to be supported by the implementation of strong fiscal anchor in the country. 

    Our team continues to engage frequently and constructively with the Argentine authorities as part of the program’s First Review.  I can add that a technical mission will visit Buenos Aires in late June to assess progress on program targets and objectives and to also discuss the authority’s forward-looking reform agenda.  More broadly and despite the more challenging environment, the authorities, as I said, have continued to make very notable and impressive progress.  So, I will leave it at that. 

    Let’s go online for a bit, and then we’ll come — no, let’s go right here in the back.  You haven’t had a question, and you’re in the room.                             

    QUESTIONER: Given the recent escalation in global trade tensions and the effect of the tariffs, what is the IMF’s assessment of how these developments are affecting emerging economies?  And what policy recommendation does the IMF have for countries facing increased external pressures? 

    MS. KOZACK: Okay, let me answer — let me turn to this question on emerging markets, a very important constituency and part of our membership here at the IMF. So, let me start with where we were and what our assessment was as of April.

    In April, when we launched our World Economic Outlook, we projected growth in emerging and developing countries to slow from 4.3 percent in 2024 to 3.7 percent in 2025 and then to come back a little bit to 3.9 percent in 2026.  We did have at that time also significant downgrades for countries most affected by the trade measures, and that includes China, for example.  We have seen since then that there have been some positive surprises to growth in the first quarter for this group of countries, including China.  We have also seen recent reductions in some tariffs, and that represents kind of an upside risk to our forecast.  And, of course, we will be updating our forecast, including for this group of emerging and developing countries, as part of our July WEO update, and that will be released toward the end of July. 

    In terms of our recommendations, we recommend what we would call a multi-pronged policy response.  So first, to carefully calibrate monetary policy and also macroprudential or prudential policies to maintain stability in countries.  We also recommend for this group of countries, but for all of our members, to rebuild fiscal buffers to restore policy space to respond to, of course, future shocks that may occur.  For countries that may face particular disruptive pressures in the foreign currency, foreign exchange market, we would say that they could pursue targeted interventions if those instances are disruptive.  We also are encouraging again all of our countries to undertake the necessary reforms to no longer delay reforms associated with boosting productivity and longer-term growth. 

    I think maybe stepping back, we’ve been talking for quite some time in the IMF about a low growth, high debt environment.  And this, of course, applies to this group of countries as well.  So, dealing with the debt side, of course, is important through fiscal consolidation, but also, very importantly, boosting growth and productivity growth.  So, countries can also have a more prosperous society and also deal with some of their debt issues through stronger growth is also very important. 

    All right, let me go online, and then I’ll come back to the room.  Let’s see.  Online, I see a few hands up.                             

    QUESTIONER: My question is on Japanese tour conducted by Managing Director.  Could you give more details on how Japanese tour played this month?  For example, is there any chance for giving speeches or press conference and so on? 

    MS. KOZACK: So, as I said, the Managing Director will visit Japan later this month. Her visit will mostly entail meetings with government officials and also the business community as well as other stakeholders. She will have an opportunity to also do some outreach, and we can provide further details to you as her agenda becomes more concrete.  But she is very much looking forward to the visit.  Japan, as I think we’ve said before, is an important partner for the IMF.  And the Managing Director is very much looking forward to meeting with Japanese officials and talking more broadly to other stakeholders in Japan about the important partnership that the IMF has with Japan. 

    I see some other hands up online.  Unfortunately, I can’t see.  So, I think if you’re online and you have your hand up, just jump in. 

    QUESTIONER: You already referred to your own economic outlooks when you talked about emerging markets.  But I was — I wanted to ask you, does the IMF anticipate a similar growth downgrade as we’ve just seen for the World Bank this week and its economic assessment?  Because, of course, back in April, the cutoff point for your last report was just as Donald Trump was announcing the Liberation Day tariffs. 

    MS. KOZACK: Okay, so thank you for that. Any other questions on the global outlook? Okay, so let me take this one, and then we’ll come back to some other questions. 

    So, what I can say in terms of the forward-looking, I mean, first, I want to start by reiterating that we will release a revised set of projections in July as part of our regular WEO update.  What I can add is that since we released our World Economic Outlook, what we call the WEO, in April, we have seen some, you know, some data come in and some other developments.  So first, we have seen some trade deals that have lowered tariffs, notably between the U.S. and China, but also the U.S. and the UK, and at the same time, the U.S. has raised further tariffs on steel and aluminum imports.  So taken together, such announcements, combined with the April 9th pause on the high level of tariffs, these could support activity relative to the forecast that we had in April.  But nonetheless, we do have an outlook for the global economy that remains subject to heightened uncertainty, especially as trade negotiations continue. 

    I can also add that recent activity indicators reflect a complex economic landscape.  So, this is recent high-frequency data.  We have some outturns in the first quarter, which indicated a front-loading of activity ahead of the tariff announcements that took place in April.  And some high-frequency indicators also show some trade diversion and unwinding of that earlier front loading.  So, this is kind of the more recent indicators.  So, all of this creates kind of a complicated picture for us with some upside risk, some other developments, and we’ll take all of these developments together into account as we update our forecast toward the end of July in our WEO. 

    QUESTIONER: When you say support activity, do you mean there’s a chance it could be an improved outlook? 

    MS. KOZACK: So yes, by support activity, what we mean is that it’s kind of positive, it’s a little bit of a positive sign for economic activity. So that’s related, though, I would say, to the specific announcements. So, so just going back to say, the announcements of the trade deals that have lowered tariffs, particularly the ones between the U.S. and China and the U.S. and the UK, those could be supportive or a bit more positive for economic activity going forward.  But the overall picture is both complicated for the reasons that I mentioned. 

    We have some front loading in the first quarter.  Some of that seems perhaps to be unwinding in more recent indicators.  And we also, of course, have to remember that we are in an environment of very high uncertainty, and uncertainty, in general, tends to dampen economic activity. 

    So, the overall picture is quite complex.  And so, we will take all of these factors into account as we move forward with our forecast in July.  And, of course, between now and when we release our forecast later in July, we would expect that there will be further data releases.  And also, there is the possibility that there can be further announcements that we would have to take into account or further developments that we would have to take into account as well. 

    Let me just stay online for another minute.  I think I have one more hand up online or two hands online. 

    QUESTIONER: My question is about Egypt.  I was hoping to ask you if the Egyptian authorities have requested a waiver from the Fund for any of the requirements related to the Fifth Review of the country’s ongoing loan program and specifically if a waiver has been requested related to targets for divestment from state-owned assets.  And if you have any update on the timing of the Fifth Review, that would also be very helpful.  I know there were some suggestions that the Fifth Review could be combined with the Sixth Review, in which case we wouldn’t see it until September rather than the June date that had previously been talked about.  Thank you.

    MS. KOZACK: Anyone else on Egypt?

    QUESTIONER: My question is related to the previous one by my colleague.  She asked about the state-owned companies to be listed for IPOs or for private sectors to be having a bigger stake in the economy.  How the IMF evaluate the progress achieved by the Egyptian authorities during that?  And also, when the Fifth Review to be finished after the physical meetings happened in past May?  And what are the most recent progress achieved until now during this?  And also, I’d like to ask about how IMF evaluated the latest step by Egyptian government to give the Minister of Finance the right to issue sukuk in the guarantee of place in Red Sea as published in the last two days. 

    MS. KOZACK: Okay, thank you. Anyone else have questions on Egypt? So, on Egypt, as I think many of you know, an IMF team visited Cairo.  From May 6th to May 18th, the team held productive discussions with the Egyptian authorities on their economic and financial policies.  Discussions are continuing virtually to finalize agreement on remaining policies and reforms that could support the completion of the Fifth Review under the EFF. So again, discussions around the Fifth Review are continuing virtually. 

    As we have said here before, Egypt has made clear progress on its macroeconomic reform program with notable improvements in inflation and in the level of international reserves.  As Egypt’s macroeconomic stabilization is taking hold, it’s now the time for efforts to focus on accelerating and deepening reforms, including reducing the footprint of the state, leveling the playing field, and improving the business environment in Egypt. 

    What I can add is that in order to deliver on these objectives, particularly with respect to reducing the footprint of the state, leveling the playing field, et cetera, it’s important to decisively reduce the role of the public sector in the economy.  The implementation of the state ownership policy, as well as the asset divestment program in sectors where the state has committed to reduce its footprint, will be playing a critical role in strengthening the ability of Egypt’s private sector to contribute to growth and activity in the Egyptian economy, which will ultimately support improvements in livelihoods of the Egyptian people.  We remain committed to supporting Egypt in building economic resilience and fostering stronger private sector-led growth. 

    On some of the more specific questions related to Sukuk, I don’t have a response here, but we’ll come back to you bilaterally. 

    QUESTIONER: It’s a quick overall question.  Could you remind us the condition for a country to come under IMF supervision?  Does it require specifically a program, or can it come from the IMF itself?  Thank you very much. 

    MS. KOZACK: Can you clarify what you mean by IMF supervision? Just so I understand.

    QUESTIONER: To be perfectly honest, in the past few days, we had comments from the French government about the fact that it could become under IMF supervision.  I’m not very interested in specifically about France, but just in general overall how IMF comes to work with governments.  What are the conditions for the IMF to step in and come to help the government?  Thank you very much. 

    MS. KOZACK: Very good. So, let me maybe take this opportunity to step back and explain kind of the three big pillars of the work of the IMF.

    So, the first is policy advice, and this is done mainly through the Article IV consultation process.  The reason it’s called Article IV is because it’s in Article IV of our Articles of Agreement, and every member country of the IMF — so, we have 191 member countries — every member country commits when they join the IMF to participate in the Article IV consultation process.  So that applies to every member.  And that is a process that I know you here are very familiar with, where the IMF sends a team, and we conduct an assessment of the economy, and we provide policy advice to the country.  That’s done for all members. 

    Another leg or another pillar of what we do at the IMF is capacity development.  And for capacity development, this is at the request of the member.  So, this could be, you know, very specific advice on a specific area where our technical expert would go and do sort of a deep dive analysis and provide detailed policy recommendations.  But it’s really meant at building state capacity.  So often, this is done in areas such as revenue mobilization or public financial management, statistics, monetary policy frameworks, and debt management.  These are some of the areas where we would provide technical assistance to countries.  That’s at the request of the member. 

    And the same is true for our financial support.  So, for financial support, this is done again at the request of the member country.  The member would request financial support from the Fund, and then the Fund would then send a team and ultimately develop a program that reflects the commitments of the authorities.  But that program would need to be aimed at getting the country back on its feet.  In our technical language, it’s restoring medium-term viability for the country.  And that financing program has a balance between financial resources that the Fund provides and also policy measures taken by the part of the authorities.  But that, again, is at the request of the member country. 

    QUESTIONER: So, my question is about cryptocurrency and digital assets.  What is the IMF’s view right now on the daily use transactions by people, by governments, in paying and accumulating Bitcoin and other digital currencies?  What risks and opportunities do you see on behalf of the IMF and what shall be done on the governmental level to implement any additional safeguards requirements to make this like a daily routine operations?  Thank you. 

    MS. KOZACK: Okay, so I think on the broad topic of kind of crypto assets, what we can say is that they have gained popularity as an asset class. And also, what we see is that the underlying technology, which is a digital ledger that is shared, trusted, and programmable, is broadly viewed as highly valuable. And that technology may have broader societal benefits.  So, we do see crypto assets as a speculative asset as an asset class.  At the IMF, we generally don’t recommend crypto assets as legal or cryptocurrencies as legal tender.  We also do see that there are some potential risks that could arise from crypto assets.  These include risks to financial stability, to consumer and investor protection, and also to market integrity. 

    So, in order to balance, in a sense, the opportunities based on the technology and a new asset class with some of these risks, what we advise countries to do is to establish a robust policy framework to effectively mitigate some of the risks while allowing society to take advantage of the benefits or the opportunities that arise from this new technology. 

    QUESTIONER:  The Bank of Russia recently cut its key interest rate from 21 percent to 20 percent, marking its first easing move since September 2022.  From the IMF perspective, what are the implications of this monetary policy shift?  Thank you. 

    MS. KOZACK: So, on Russia, let me just step back a minute, and I’ll provide our overall assessment of the economy, and then I’ll get to your specific question.

    So, what we see in Russia is that last year, we saw the economy overheating, and now what we observe in Russia is a, is sharp slowdown of the economy, with growth slowing but inflation still relatively elevated.  Growth in 2025 is expected to slow to 1.5 percent based on our forecast from April, and this was compared to 4.3 percent in 2024.  And this reflects policy tightening, cyclical factors, and also lower oil prices. 

    Now, with respect to the action by the Central Bank, as you noted, the Central Bank indeed reduced the key policy rate from 21 percent to 20 percent for the first time.  This was the first reduction since September of 2022.  And the action taken by the Central Bank was in response to slowing growth, which I just mentioned, and also some easing of inflation pressures. 

    So, as I noted, inflation still remains high.  It was just under 10 percent in May.  But our forecast has inflation declining going forward.  So, we expect inflation to ease to 8.2 percent by the end of this year.  And we anticipate that inflation will turn to the target of 4 percent in the first half of 2027.  So that’s the IMF forecast.  So, the inflation challenge for Russia remains, and it’s appropriate.  Therefore, that monetary policy remains tight, and even with this cut, monetary policy is still tight. 

    I am going to now take the opportunity to read one question or some questions on Ghana and some questions on Sri Lanka, and then we’ll bring the Press Briefing to a close.  So, on Ghana, I have three questions.  The first one is about an update on when Ghana’s program will be presented to the Board following Staff–Level Agreement. 

    The second question is about the amended Energy Sector Levy Act to add GH₵1 per liter on petroleum products to defray the cost of fuel purchases for thermal plants.  Has the IMF taken note of this, and what’s its position on using taxes versus passing these costs through tariffs? 

    The third question on Ghana is whether the IMF is looking at the possibility of revising Ghana’s IMF program targets as the cedi’s sharp appreciation against the dollar has affected many variables that influence these targets set by the Fund? 

    So let me take a moment to just respond on Ghana.  So again, stepping back to where we are on Ghana.  On April 15th, the IMF staff and the Ghanaian authorities reached Staff–Level Agreement on the Fourth Review of Ghana’s Extended Credit Facility.  Upon approval by our Executive Board, Ghana would be scheduled to receive about U.S. $370 million, bringing total support under the ECF to $2.4 billion since May of 2023.  We anticipate bringing the review to our Board in early July, so in just a few weeks. 

    What I can add about the question about the cedi’s sharp appreciation is that you know, of course, as we look at a program, we look at all of these developments, including, of course, developments in the exchange rate.  And so, future program reviews will provide an opportunity for the team to carefully assess all of the evolving macroeconomic and financial conditions, including exchange rate movements, and to ensure that the program’s targets and objectives remain appropriate and achievable. 

    And on the fuel levy, what I can say is that this is a new measure that will help generate additional resources to tackle the challenges in Ghana’s energy sector, and it’s also going to bolster Ghana’s ability to deliver on the fiscal objectives under the program. 

    And I’m going to read one last set of questions on Sri Lanka, and then we will bring the Press briefing to a close.  So, we have a number of journalists asking about Sri Lanka.  So there’s — we’re consolidating the questions here.  So, these journalists are asking for updates on the IMF’s view on Sri Lanka’s progress in implementing cost recovery, electricity prices, and the automatic price adjustment system.  They’re asking about the date for the Executive Board’s consideration of the Fourth Review under the program. 

    And another question, has the government raised the issue of recent global shocks and possible further pressure on the economy and its ability to meet its reform program targets?  How do we rate the new government’s approach to corruption? 

    QUESTIONER: My question is, recently Sri Lankan president announced that the existing IMF program is likely (inaudible) that it will be the final program for the country as it tries to achieve financial independence.  What is the IMF’s view on this?  Is it achievable given the current situation in Sri Lanka?  And what is the progress on the IMF Board approval for the next review?  Thank you. 

    MS. KOZACK: All right, so again, just stepping back and reminding where we are on Sri Lanka.

    So, on April 25th, IMF staff and the Sri Lankan authorities reached Staff–Level Agreement on their fourth review of Sri Lanka’s economic reform program.  The program and Sri Lanka’s ambitious reform agenda continue to deliver commendable outcomes.  Performance under the program remains strong overall, and the government remains committed to program objectives.  Completion of the review is pending approval of the IMF’s Executive Board, and it is contingent on the completion of prior actions. 

    What I can add is that our IMF team, of course, is closely engaged with the authorities to assess the measures that were recently announced by the regulator on June 11th.  And these include a 15 percent increase in in electricity tariffs and the publication of a revised bulk supply transaction account guidelines for this.  So, these were two prior actions.  Once the review is completed by our Executive Board, Sri Lanka would have access to about $344 million in financing, and we will announce the Board date for Sri Lanka in due course. 

    With respect to some of the more specific questions on governance, what I can add is that in end-February, the government published an updated government action plan on governance reforms.  And this action plan included important commitments such as enacting a public procurement law, an asset recovery law, and other actions that are aligned with the recommendations that were included in the IMF’s Governance Diagnostic Report. 

    On the question about kind of the global situation and the impact on Sri Lanka, what I can say there is that, like for all countries in an environment of high uncertainty around policy and in general, high global uncertainty, this poses, of course, risks to an economy like Sri Lanka’s, as it does to many others.  If some of the risks associated with high global uncertainty were to materialize, the way we will approach this will be to work very closely with the authorities first to assess the impact of any downside risk that materializes, and then we will also work with the authorities to consider what are the appropriate policy responses within the contours of the program. And more broadly, for all countries, including Sri Lanka, it’s really critical for each country to sustain its own reform momentum.  Sustaining reform momentum, both with macroeconomic policy reforms and, importantly, some of the growth-enhancing reforms that we were talking about earlier, is critical for all countries in our membership, including Sri Lanka. 

    And on the question regarding the president’s remarks, I think there, what I can simply say is to repeat that, you know, Sri Lanka has made commendable progress, you know, in implementing some very difficult but much-needed reforms.  The effects — these efforts are really starting to bear fruit.  We see a remarkable rebound in growth following Sri Lanka’s crisis.  Inflation is low, international reserves are continuing to grow, revenue collection on the fiscal side is improving, and the debt restructuring process is nearly complete.  So, I think it’s really important to recognize, you know, the significant efforts that Sri Lanka has taken and also the tremendous progress that has been made.  Right now, of course, we are very much focused on the current EFF, and therefore, as I mentioned, it’s going to be critical for Sri Lanka to sustain the reform momentum through the remainder of this EFF program. 

    And with that, I am going to bring this Press Briefing to a close.  Let me thank you all for your participation today.  As a reminder, as usual, this briefing is embargoed until 11:00 A.M. Eastern Time in the United States.  A transcript will be made available later on IMF.org, and should you have any clarifications or additional queries, please reach out to my colleagues media@imf.org. This concludes our Press Briefing for today.  I wish everyone a wonderful day, and I do look forward to seeing you all next time.  Thank you very much. 

    *  *  *  *  *

    IMF Communications Department
    MEDIA RELATIONS

    PRESS OFFICER: Brian Walker

    Phone: +1 202 623-7100Email: MEDIA@IMF.org

    @IMFSpokesperson

    https://www.imf.org/en/News/Articles/2025/06/12/tr-061225-com-regular-press-briefing-june-12-2025

    MIL OSI

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Economics: Press Briefing Transcript: Julie Kozack, Director, Communications Department, June 12, 2025

    Source: International Monetary Fund

    June 12, 2025

    SPEAKER:  Ms. Julie Kozack, Director of the Communications Department, IMF

    MS. KOZACK: Good morning, everyone, and welcome to this IMF Press Briefing. My name is Julie Kozak. I’m the Director of Communications at the IMF.  As usual, this press briefing will be embargoed until 11:00 a.m. Eastern Time in the United States.  And as usual, I will start with a few announcements, and then I’ll take your questions in person on WebEx and via the Press Center.  And I have quite a few announcements today, so please do bear with me. 

    On June 18th, the Managing Director will travel to Brussels, where she will hold bilateral meetings with officials.  On June 19th, she will travel to Luxembourg to present the Euro Area Annual Consultation at the Eurogroup meeting.  On June 20th, the Managing Director will be in Rome to speak at the Mattei Plan for Africa and the Global Gateway event, a joint effort with the African Continent.  This event is co-chaired by Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni and European Commission President Ursula von der Leyen.  And from there, the Managing Director will travel to Japan from June 22nd to 24th.  During her visit, she will hold meetings with Japanese officials, members of the private sector, and other stakeholders. 

    Turning to other management travel.  First Deputy Managing Director Gita Gopinath will travel to Sri Lanka, Singapore, and Indonesia.  On June 16th, she will participate in the Sri Lanka Road to Recovery Conference, where she will deliver opening remarks.  And in all three countries, our FDMD will meet with officials and various stakeholders during this trip. 

    From June 24th through 26th, our Deputy Managing Director Bo Li will attend the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting of the New Champions in Tianjin, China.  DMD Li will participate in sessions on safeguarding growth engines and the role of digital assets in Global payment systems. 

    On June 30th, Deputy Managing Director Nigel Clarke will participate in the Finance for Development Conference and in Sevilla, Spain. 

    And with that, I will now open the floor to your questions.  For those of you who are connecting virtually, please do turn on both your camera and microphone when speaking.  All right, let’s open the floor.   

    QUESTIONER: I have two questions on Ukraine.  After meetings in Kyiv last month, the IMF mission emphasized the importance of Ukraine’s upcoming budget declaration for 2026-2028, which will determine the course of the fiscal framework and policies.  What are the Fund’s expectations, and does the IMF have any specific requirements or policy guidelines for this document?  And secondly, if I may, do you have data of the IMF Board — IMF support meetings to approve the aides review for Ukraine?     

    MS. KOZACK: Any other questions on Ukraine?                                          

    QUESTIONER: So, Ukraine has recently defaulted on its GDP-linked securities and, before that, failed to reach an agreement with creditors to restructure its part of its sovereign debt.  How concerned is IMF with these developments, and do you see any risks for the EFF repayments from Ukraine?  Thank you. 

    QUESTIONER: Some follow-up to your question.  IMF sources indicate that Ukraine transferred $171 million repayment to the Fund on June 9th, the first repayment on loans received post-February 2022.  Can you confirm this payment was received?  And how does the IMF view Ukraine’s emerging shift towards repayment on wartime financing?  Thank you. 

    MS. KOZACK: Let me take these questions for a moment, and I’ll remind you where we are on Ukraine.

    On May 28th, IMF staff and the Ukrainian authorities reached Staff–Level Agreement.  And this was for the Eighth Review of the EFF program.  Subject to approval by our Executive Board, Ukraine will have access to about U.S. $500 million, and that would bring total disbursements under the program to U.S. $10.6 billion.  The Board is scheduled to take place in the coming weeks, and we’ll provide more details as they become available.  I can also add that Ukraine’s economy has remained resilient.  Performance under the EFF has continued to be strong despite very challenging circumstances.  The authorities met all of their quantitative performance criteria and indicative targets, and progress does continue on the structural agenda in Ukraine.

    Now, with respect to the specific questions on the budget declaration, what I can provide there is that our view is that the 2026-2028 budget declaration will provide a strategic framework for fiscal policy for the remainder of the program over that period of time.  It will help focus the debate on key expenditure priorities, including recovery, reconstruction, defense, and social spending.  And it will also form the basis for discussion of the 2026 budget, which, of course, will also be an important milestone for Ukraine. 

    On the question regarding the debt, what I can say there is that we encourage the Ukrainian authorities and their creditors to continue to make progress toward reaching an agreement in line with the debt sustainability targets under the IMF’s program and the authority’s announced strategy.  So that’s sort of our broad view on the debt.  On the implications for completion of the review, as in all cases where a member country may have arrears to private creditors, staff will assess whether the requirements under the Fund’s lending into arrears policy are met.  In light of this, again, we encourage the authorities to continue to make good-faith efforts toward reaching an agreement in light of the debt sustainability targets. 

    And on your question about Ukraine’s payment to the Fund, what I can say is that, in general, we don’t comment on specific transactions of individual members.  What I can guide you to is that we do provide on our website detailed information on members’ repayments.  And this is made available on a monthly basis.  So, at the end of each month, if you look at the Ukraine page, you can see the transactions that were made.  And on a daily basis, we provide detail on member countries outstanding obligations to the IMF.  So that can give you a sense of how the overall obligations of Ukraine have evolved on a daily basis. 

    QUESTIONER: Can you give us an update on the relationship between the IMF and Senegal?  Where do things currently stand with misreporting and a new program?  This is my first question.  And the second one I have is the Fifth Review under the Policy Coordination concerning Rwanda.  The IMF stated that “Rwanda continues to demonstrate leadership in integrating climate consideration into macroeconomic policy and leveraging institutional reforms to mobilize climate finance.”  Now my question is, can you please tell us concretely what kind of institutional reforms have been implemented by Rwanda? 

    MS. KOZACK: So, before I answer this, are there any other questions on Senegal or Rwanda? I see none in the room. Anyone online want to come in on Senegal?  Okay, I don’t see anyone coming in, so let’s start with Senegal, and then we’ll move to Rwanda. 

    What I can say on Senegal is that we, the IMF and our team in particular, remained actively engaged with the Senegalese authorities, including during a visit to Dakar over March and April and further discussions during the Spring Meetings, which were held here in Washington in April.  We do continue to work with the authorities to address the complex misreporting case that is ongoing.  And addressing this complex case does require a rigorous and time-intensive process.

    I also want to take the opportunity to add that the IMF supports our member countries in a variety of ways, and it goes beyond just providing financing.  So, for example, in the case of Senegal, we are continuing to provide the authorities with technical assistance, including, for example, on our debt sustainability analysis that is tailored to low-income countries.  We’re working closely with the authorities on compiling government financial statistics.  This is being led by our Statistics Department.  We’re providing technical assistance on energy sector reform, public investment management, and revenue mobilization, and that, of course, is with support from our fiscal experts. 

    With respect to a new program.  We don’t have currently a fixed timeline for a new program, and we are awaiting the final audit outcome. 

    Now, turning to your question on Rwanda here.  What I can say, and maybe just to step back and remind everyone of where we are in Rwanda.  On June 4th, so just a few days ago, our Executive Board concluded the Fifth Review of Rwanda’s policy Coordination Instrument.  Rwanda’s economic growth remains among the strongest in Sub-Saharan Africa, and that’s despite rising pressures both on the fiscal side and the external side.  Rwanda, of course, we’re encouraging Rwanda to continue with a credible fiscal consolidation, strong domestic revenue mobilization, and a strong monetary policy. 

    With respect to your specific question, Rwanda successfully completed its Resilience and Sustainability Fund program, the RSF program, in December of 2024, six months ahead of the initial timetable.  And under this RSF, Rwanda did carry out a number of institutional reforms that were focused on green public financial management, climate public investment management, climate-related risk management for financial institutions, and disaster risk reduction.  So, these are some of the institutional reforms that Rwanda completed, which led us to make that statement about their leadership in this area. 

    I can also add that these reforms, along with some of the other reforms they’re having, they’re undertaking, such as a green taxonomy and the adoption of best practices in climate risk reporting by financial institutions.  The idea is that this together will help to close information gaps, improve transparency, and that hopefully will allow for a boost to private sector engagement in advancing Rwanda’s ambitious climate goals and its broader goals toward economic development and strong and sustainable growth. 

    QUESTIONER: Two questions on Syria.  The Fund said this week that Syria needs substantial international assistance for its recovery efforts.  Firstly, can you give us an estimation of how much economic assistance Syria will need?  And secondly, could you just let us know if there were any discussions around if a potential Article IV was discussed? 

    MS. KOZACK: Thank you. Any other questions on Syria?                   

    QUESTIONER: Just to know if there was any demand from the Syrian government for any kind of technical assistance from the IMF to help them recover, economically speaking?

    MS. KOZACK: Does anyone online want to come in on Syria? I don’t see anyone coming in. So let me step back again and give a sense of where we are on Syria.

    I think, as many of you know, an IMF staff team visited Syria from June 1st through 5th.  This was the first IMF visit to Syria since 2009.  The goal of the visit was to assess the economic and financial conditions in Syria, as well as to discuss with the authorities their economic policy, and also to ascertain the authorities ‘ capacity-building priorities, ultimately to support the recovery of the Syrian economy.  I think, as we’ve discussed here before, Syria faces enormous challenges following years of conflict that have caused immense human suffering, and it’s reduced the Syrian economy to a fraction of its former size. 

    At the IMF, we’re committed to supporting Syria in its efforts.  Based on the findings of the mission, IMF staff, in coordination with other partners, are developing a detailed roadmap for policy and capacity development priorities for key economic institutions.  And within the IMF’s mandate, this covers the Finance Ministry, the Central Bank, and the Statistics Agency.  So those would be the areas where we will be focusing in terms of the detailed roadmap on priorities, economic and capacity building priorities. 

    Syria, as noted, will need substantial international assistance.  We don’t yet have a precise estimate of that assistance.  But what I can say is this will also — it will not only require concessional financial support, but also substantial capacity development support for the country.  And that’s basically where we have left it with the Syrian authorities.  And, of course, we will continue to engage closely with them, and we are committed to helping them, supporting them on their recovery journey. 

    QUESTIONER: Is the date of the IMF mission to Argentina already said?  And based on that definition, when would the First Review of the agreement could take place?  And another one, in the last few days, the Argentina government has launched different mechanisms to try to increase the level of foreign exchange reserves.  Is the IMF worried that Argentina will not reach the target set in the agreement?  And could the IMF give Argentina a waiver on this?  Thank you very much. 

    MS. KOZACK: Okay, any other questions in the room on Argentina? I know we have several online.

    QUESTIONER: Thanks for taking my questions.  I would like to know how does the IMF evaluate the listed economy measures, particularly the issue of the measure to use undeclared dollars.  Thank you.

    QUESTIONER: My first question is about the reserve target for the new program with Argentina.  Central Bank is about $4 billion below the target set for June.  Also, some operations are expected that could increase their reserve stock.  Officials said on Monday evening that local currency bonds can now be purchased with U.S. dollar and that the minimum time requirement for foreign investors to hold onto some Argentina bonds will be eliminated.  The IMF is concerned that the Central Bank is not accumulating reserves touch foreign trade and is only receiving income touch debt.  Is the consensus with the authorities to postpone the Frist Review and allow time for Argentina to activate credit operation in order to close — to get closer to the target set for June, or Argentina should resort to a waiver?  And what is your view on the recent measures? 

    And that second question is about the possibility of an IMF mission arriving in Argentina in the coming weeks.  Is that possible?  Would it be a technical staff mission, or could the Managing Director or Deputy Executive Director also come?  Thank you very much. 

    QUESTIONER: So, the question is the same as (connection issue) First Review of the agreement signed in April (connection issue)

    QUESTIONER: -Is the IMF considering granting a waiver and also if they build up. 

    MS. KOZACK: You’ve broken up quite a bit, and now we’re not able to hear you, so we’ll try to get you back, or I think what I understood from your question is it’s broadly along the same lines as some of the other questions. What we can do is if you want to connect via the Press Center, I can read the question out loud. But what I’m going to do is move on.                      

    QUESTIONER:  Basically, echoing my colleague’s questions on the timing of the mission and whether an extension was granted to meet the reserve’s target, well, for the First Review generally.  And separately, Argentina has July 9th dollar debt payments, which will obviously affect reserves.  How will that payment and timing affect your calculus of the reserves target within the First Review?  Thank you.

    QUESTIONER: Well, yes, also echoing my colleague’s question regarding whether the timeline for the First Review, the end date remains this Friday, which was what it said on the Staff Report.  And also, there was a ruling lately, these past few days, against former President Cristina Kirchner.  I was wondering if that raises any concerns in the IMF regarding any political conflict or any subsequent economic impact. 

    MS. KOZACK: I think we’ve covered all the questions on Argentina. Anyone else on Argentina? Okay, very good.  So, let me try to give a response that tries to cover as many of these questions as I can.  So again, I’m just going to step back and provide where we are with Argentina. 

    So, on April 11th, the IMF’s Executive Board approved a new four-year EFF arrangement worth $20 billion for Argentina.  The initial disbursement was $12 billion, and the goal of the program was to support is to support Argentina’s transition to the next phase of state stabilization and reform.  The Milei administration’s policies continue to evolve and to deliver impressive results, as we have previously noted. 

    In this regard, we welcome the recent measures announced this week by the Central Bank and the Ministry of Finance as they represent another important step in efforts to consolidate disinflation, support the government’s financing strategy and to rebuild reserves and, more specifically, steps to strengthen the monetary framework and to improve liquidity management.  These are important to further reduce inflation and inflation expectations.  The Treasury’s successful reentry into capital markets and other actions to mobilize financing for Argentina are also expected to boost reserves, and stability overall for the country continues to be supported by the implementation of strong fiscal anchor in the country. 

    Our team continues to engage frequently and constructively with the Argentine authorities as part of the program’s First Review.  I can add that a technical mission will visit Buenos Aires in late June to assess progress on program targets and objectives and to also discuss the authority’s forward-looking reform agenda.  More broadly and despite the more challenging environment, the authorities, as I said, have continued to make very notable and impressive progress.  So, I will leave it at that. 

    Let’s go online for a bit, and then we’ll come — no, let’s go right here in the back.  You haven’t had a question, and you’re in the room.                             

    QUESTIONER: Given the recent escalation in global trade tensions and the effect of the tariffs, what is the IMF’s assessment of how these developments are affecting emerging economies?  And what policy recommendation does the IMF have for countries facing increased external pressures? 

    MS. KOZACK: Okay, let me answer — let me turn to this question on emerging markets, a very important constituency and part of our membership here at the IMF. So, let me start with where we were and what our assessment was as of April.

    In April, when we launched our World Economic Outlook, we projected growth in emerging and developing countries to slow from 4.3 percent in 2024 to 3.7 percent in 2025 and then to come back a little bit to 3.9 percent in 2026.  We did have at that time also significant downgrades for countries most affected by the trade measures, and that includes China, for example.  We have seen since then that there have been some positive surprises to growth in the first quarter for this group of countries, including China.  We have also seen recent reductions in some tariffs, and that represents kind of an upside risk to our forecast.  And, of course, we will be updating our forecast, including for this group of emerging and developing countries, as part of our July WEO update, and that will be released toward the end of July. 

    In terms of our recommendations, we recommend what we would call a multi-pronged policy response.  So first, to carefully calibrate monetary policy and also macroprudential or prudential policies to maintain stability in countries.  We also recommend for this group of countries, but for all of our members, to rebuild fiscal buffers to restore policy space to respond to, of course, future shocks that may occur.  For countries that may face particular disruptive pressures in the foreign currency, foreign exchange market, we would say that they could pursue targeted interventions if those instances are disruptive.  We also are encouraging again all of our countries to undertake the necessary reforms to no longer delay reforms associated with boosting productivity and longer-term growth. 

    I think maybe stepping back, we’ve been talking for quite some time in the IMF about a low growth, high debt environment.  And this, of course, applies to this group of countries as well.  So, dealing with the debt side, of course, is important through fiscal consolidation, but also, very importantly, boosting growth and productivity growth.  So, countries can also have a more prosperous society and also deal with some of their debt issues through stronger growth is also very important. 

    All right, let me go online, and then I’ll come back to the room.  Let’s see.  Online, I see a few hands up.                             

    QUESTIONER: My question is on Japanese tour conducted by Managing Director.  Could you give more details on how Japanese tour played this month?  For example, is there any chance for giving speeches or press conference and so on? 

    MS. KOZACK: So, as I said, the Managing Director will visit Japan later this month. Her visit will mostly entail meetings with government officials and also the business community as well as other stakeholders. She will have an opportunity to also do some outreach, and we can provide further details to you as her agenda becomes more concrete.  But she is very much looking forward to the visit.  Japan, as I think we’ve said before, is an important partner for the IMF.  And the Managing Director is very much looking forward to meeting with Japanese officials and talking more broadly to other stakeholders in Japan about the important partnership that the IMF has with Japan. 

    I see some other hands up online.  Unfortunately, I can’t see.  So, I think if you’re online and you have your hand up, just jump in. 

    QUESTIONER: You already referred to your own economic outlooks when you talked about emerging markets.  But I was — I wanted to ask you, does the IMF anticipate a similar growth downgrade as we’ve just seen for the World Bank this week and its economic assessment?  Because, of course, back in April, the cutoff point for your last report was just as Donald Trump was announcing the Liberation Day tariffs. 

    MS. KOZACK: Okay, so thank you for that. Any other questions on the global outlook? Okay, so let me take this one, and then we’ll come back to some other questions. 

    So, what I can say in terms of the forward-looking, I mean, first, I want to start by reiterating that we will release a revised set of projections in July as part of our regular WEO update.  What I can add is that since we released our World Economic Outlook, what we call the WEO, in April, we have seen some, you know, some data come in and some other developments.  So first, we have seen some trade deals that have lowered tariffs, notably between the U.S. and China, but also the U.S. and the UK, and at the same time, the U.S. has raised further tariffs on steel and aluminum imports.  So taken together, such announcements, combined with the April 9th pause on the high level of tariffs, these could support activity relative to the forecast that we had in April.  But nonetheless, we do have an outlook for the global economy that remains subject to heightened uncertainty, especially as trade negotiations continue. 

    I can also add that recent activity indicators reflect a complex economic landscape.  So, this is recent high-frequency data.  We have some outturns in the first quarter, which indicated a front-loading of activity ahead of the tariff announcements that took place in April.  And some high-frequency indicators also show some trade diversion and unwinding of that earlier front loading.  So, this is kind of the more recent indicators.  So, all of this creates kind of a complicated picture for us with some upside risk, some other developments, and we’ll take all of these developments together into account as we update our forecast toward the end of July in our WEO. 

    QUESTIONER: When you say support activity, do you mean there’s a chance it could be an improved outlook? 

    MS. KOZACK: So yes, by support activity, what we mean is that it’s kind of positive, it’s a little bit of a positive sign for economic activity. So that’s related, though, I would say, to the specific announcements. So, so just going back to say, the announcements of the trade deals that have lowered tariffs, particularly the ones between the U.S. and China and the U.S. and the UK, those could be supportive or a bit more positive for economic activity going forward.  But the overall picture is both complicated for the reasons that I mentioned. 

    We have some front loading in the first quarter.  Some of that seems perhaps to be unwinding in more recent indicators.  And we also, of course, have to remember that we are in an environment of very high uncertainty, and uncertainty, in general, tends to dampen economic activity. 

    So, the overall picture is quite complex.  And so, we will take all of these factors into account as we move forward with our forecast in July.  And, of course, between now and when we release our forecast later in July, we would expect that there will be further data releases.  And also, there is the possibility that there can be further announcements that we would have to take into account or further developments that we would have to take into account as well. 

    Let me just stay online for another minute.  I think I have one more hand up online or two hands online. 

    QUESTIONER: My question is about Egypt.  I was hoping to ask you if the Egyptian authorities have requested a waiver from the Fund for any of the requirements related to the Fifth Review of the country’s ongoing loan program and specifically if a waiver has been requested related to targets for divestment from state-owned assets.  And if you have any update on the timing of the Fifth Review, that would also be very helpful.  I know there were some suggestions that the Fifth Review could be combined with the Sixth Review, in which case we wouldn’t see it until September rather than the June date that had previously been talked about.  Thank you.

    MS. KOZACK: Anyone else on Egypt?

    QUESTIONER: My question is related to the previous one by my colleague.  She asked about the state-owned companies to be listed for IPOs or for private sectors to be having a bigger stake in the economy.  How the IMF evaluate the progress achieved by the Egyptian authorities during that?  And also, when the Fifth Review to be finished after the physical meetings happened in past May?  And what are the most recent progress achieved until now during this?  And also, I’d like to ask about how IMF evaluated the latest step by Egyptian government to give the Minister of Finance the right to issue sukuk in the guarantee of place in Red Sea as published in the last two days. 

    MS. KOZACK: Okay, thank you. Anyone else have questions on Egypt? So, on Egypt, as I think many of you know, an IMF team visited Cairo.  From May 6th to May 18th, the team held productive discussions with the Egyptian authorities on their economic and financial policies.  Discussions are continuing virtually to finalize agreement on remaining policies and reforms that could support the completion of the Fifth Review under the EFF. So again, discussions around the Fifth Review are continuing virtually. 

    As we have said here before, Egypt has made clear progress on its macroeconomic reform program with notable improvements in inflation and in the level of international reserves.  As Egypt’s macroeconomic stabilization is taking hold, it’s now the time for efforts to focus on accelerating and deepening reforms, including reducing the footprint of the state, leveling the playing field, and improving the business environment in Egypt. 

    What I can add is that in order to deliver on these objectives, particularly with respect to reducing the footprint of the state, leveling the playing field, et cetera, it’s important to decisively reduce the role of the public sector in the economy.  The implementation of the state ownership policy, as well as the asset divestment program in sectors where the state has committed to reduce its footprint, will be playing a critical role in strengthening the ability of Egypt’s private sector to contribute to growth and activity in the Egyptian economy, which will ultimately support improvements in livelihoods of the Egyptian people.  We remain committed to supporting Egypt in building economic resilience and fostering stronger private sector-led growth. 

    On some of the more specific questions related to Sukuk, I don’t have a response here, but we’ll come back to you bilaterally. 

    QUESTIONER: It’s a quick overall question.  Could you remind us the condition for a country to come under IMF supervision?  Does it require specifically a program, or can it come from the IMF itself?  Thank you very much. 

    MS. KOZACK: Can you clarify what you mean by IMF supervision? Just so I understand.

    QUESTIONER: To be perfectly honest, in the past few days, we had comments from the French government about the fact that it could become under IMF supervision.  I’m not very interested in specifically about France, but just in general overall how IMF comes to work with governments.  What are the conditions for the IMF to step in and come to help the government?  Thank you very much. 

    MS. KOZACK: Very good. So, let me maybe take this opportunity to step back and explain kind of the three big pillars of the work of the IMF.

    So, the first is policy advice, and this is done mainly through the Article IV consultation process.  The reason it’s called Article IV is because it’s in Article IV of our Articles of Agreement, and every member country of the IMF — so, we have 191 member countries — every member country commits when they join the IMF to participate in the Article IV consultation process.  So that applies to every member.  And that is a process that I know you here are very familiar with, where the IMF sends a team, and we conduct an assessment of the economy, and we provide policy advice to the country.  That’s done for all members. 

    Another leg or another pillar of what we do at the IMF is capacity development.  And for capacity development, this is at the request of the member.  So, this could be, you know, very specific advice on a specific area where our technical expert would go and do sort of a deep dive analysis and provide detailed policy recommendations.  But it’s really meant at building state capacity.  So often, this is done in areas such as revenue mobilization or public financial management, statistics, monetary policy frameworks, and debt management.  These are some of the areas where we would provide technical assistance to countries.  That’s at the request of the member. 

    And the same is true for our financial support.  So, for financial support, this is done again at the request of the member country.  The member would request financial support from the Fund, and then the Fund would then send a team and ultimately develop a program that reflects the commitments of the authorities.  But that program would need to be aimed at getting the country back on its feet.  In our technical language, it’s restoring medium-term viability for the country.  And that financing program has a balance between financial resources that the Fund provides and also policy measures taken by the part of the authorities.  But that, again, is at the request of the member country. 

    QUESTIONER: So, my question is about cryptocurrency and digital assets.  What is the IMF’s view right now on the daily use transactions by people, by governments, in paying and accumulating Bitcoin and other digital currencies?  What risks and opportunities do you see on behalf of the IMF and what shall be done on the governmental level to implement any additional safeguards requirements to make this like a daily routine operations?  Thank you. 

    MS. KOZACK: Okay, so I think on the broad topic of kind of crypto assets, what we can say is that they have gained popularity as an asset class. And also, what we see is that the underlying technology, which is a digital ledger that is shared, trusted, and programmable, is broadly viewed as highly valuable. And that technology may have broader societal benefits.  So, we do see crypto assets as a speculative asset as an asset class.  At the IMF, we generally don’t recommend crypto assets as legal or cryptocurrencies as legal tender.  We also do see that there are some potential risks that could arise from crypto assets.  These include risks to financial stability, to consumer and investor protection, and also to market integrity. 

    So, in order to balance, in a sense, the opportunities based on the technology and a new asset class with some of these risks, what we advise countries to do is to establish a robust policy framework to effectively mitigate some of the risks while allowing society to take advantage of the benefits or the opportunities that arise from this new technology. 

    QUESTIONER:  The Bank of Russia recently cut its key interest rate from 21 percent to 20 percent, marking its first easing move since September 2022.  From the IMF perspective, what are the implications of this monetary policy shift?  Thank you. 

    MS. KOZACK: So, on Russia, let me just step back a minute, and I’ll provide our overall assessment of the economy, and then I’ll get to your specific question.

    So, what we see in Russia is that last year, we saw the economy overheating, and now what we observe in Russia is a, is sharp slowdown of the economy, with growth slowing but inflation still relatively elevated.  Growth in 2025 is expected to slow to 1.5 percent based on our forecast from April, and this was compared to 4.3 percent in 2024.  And this reflects policy tightening, cyclical factors, and also lower oil prices. 

    Now, with respect to the action by the Central Bank, as you noted, the Central Bank indeed reduced the key policy rate from 21 percent to 20 percent for the first time.  This was the first reduction since September of 2022.  And the action taken by the Central Bank was in response to slowing growth, which I just mentioned, and also some easing of inflation pressures. 

    So, as I noted, inflation still remains high.  It was just under 10 percent in May.  But our forecast has inflation declining going forward.  So, we expect inflation to ease to 8.2 percent by the end of this year.  And we anticipate that inflation will turn to the target of 4 percent in the first half of 2027.  So that’s the IMF forecast.  So, the inflation challenge for Russia remains, and it’s appropriate.  Therefore, that monetary policy remains tight, and even with this cut, monetary policy is still tight. 

    I am going to now take the opportunity to read one question or some questions on Ghana and some questions on Sri Lanka, and then we’ll bring the Press Briefing to a close.  So, on Ghana, I have three questions.  The first one is about an update on when Ghana’s program will be presented to the Board following Staff–Level Agreement. 

    The second question is about the amended Energy Sector Levy Act to add GH₵1 per liter on petroleum products to defray the cost of fuel purchases for thermal plants.  Has the IMF taken note of this, and what’s its position on using taxes versus passing these costs through tariffs? 

    The third question on Ghana is whether the IMF is looking at the possibility of revising Ghana’s IMF program targets as the cedi’s sharp appreciation against the dollar has affected many variables that influence these targets set by the Fund? 

    So let me take a moment to just respond on Ghana.  So again, stepping back to where we are on Ghana.  On April 15th, the IMF staff and the Ghanaian authorities reached Staff–Level Agreement on the Fourth Review of Ghana’s Extended Credit Facility.  Upon approval by our Executive Board, Ghana would be scheduled to receive about U.S. $370 million, bringing total support under the ECF to $2.4 billion since May of 2023.  We anticipate bringing the review to our Board in early July, so in just a few weeks. 

    What I can add about the question about the cedi’s sharp appreciation is that you know, of course, as we look at a program, we look at all of these developments, including, of course, developments in the exchange rate.  And so, future program reviews will provide an opportunity for the team to carefully assess all of the evolving macroeconomic and financial conditions, including exchange rate movements, and to ensure that the program’s targets and objectives remain appropriate and achievable. 

    And on the fuel levy, what I can say is that this is a new measure that will help generate additional resources to tackle the challenges in Ghana’s energy sector, and it’s also going to bolster Ghana’s ability to deliver on the fiscal objectives under the program. 

    And I’m going to read one last set of questions on Sri Lanka, and then we will bring the Press briefing to a close.  So, we have a number of journalists asking about Sri Lanka.  So there’s — we’re consolidating the questions here.  So, these journalists are asking for updates on the IMF’s view on Sri Lanka’s progress in implementing cost recovery, electricity prices, and the automatic price adjustment system.  They’re asking about the date for the Executive Board’s consideration of the Fourth Review under the program. 

    And another question, has the government raised the issue of recent global shocks and possible further pressure on the economy and its ability to meet its reform program targets?  How do we rate the new government’s approach to corruption? 

    QUESTIONER: My question is, recently Sri Lankan president announced that the existing IMF program is likely (inaudible) that it will be the final program for the country as it tries to achieve financial independence.  What is the IMF’s view on this?  Is it achievable given the current situation in Sri Lanka?  And what is the progress on the IMF Board approval for the next review?  Thank you. 

    MS. KOZACK: All right, so again, just stepping back and reminding where we are on Sri Lanka.

    So, on April 25th, IMF staff and the Sri Lankan authorities reached Staff–Level Agreement on their fourth review of Sri Lanka’s economic reform program.  The program and Sri Lanka’s ambitious reform agenda continue to deliver commendable outcomes.  Performance under the program remains strong overall, and the government remains committed to program objectives.  Completion of the review is pending approval of the IMF’s Executive Board, and it is contingent on the completion of prior actions. 

    What I can add is that our IMF team, of course, is closely engaged with the authorities to assess the measures that were recently announced by the regulator on June 11th.  And these include a 15 percent increase in in electricity tariffs and the publication of a revised bulk supply transaction account guidelines for this.  So, these were two prior actions.  Once the review is completed by our Executive Board, Sri Lanka would have access to about $344 million in financing, and we will announce the Board date for Sri Lanka in due course. 

    With respect to some of the more specific questions on governance, what I can add is that in end-February, the government published an updated government action plan on governance reforms.  And this action plan included important commitments such as enacting a public procurement law, an asset recovery law, and other actions that are aligned with the recommendations that were included in the IMF’s Governance Diagnostic Report. 

    On the question about kind of the global situation and the impact on Sri Lanka, what I can say there is that, like for all countries in an environment of high uncertainty around policy and in general, high global uncertainty, this poses, of course, risks to an economy like Sri Lanka’s, as it does to many others.  If some of the risks associated with high global uncertainty were to materialize, the way we will approach this will be to work very closely with the authorities first to assess the impact of any downside risk that materializes, and then we will also work with the authorities to consider what are the appropriate policy responses within the contours of the program. And more broadly, for all countries, including Sri Lanka, it’s really critical for each country to sustain its own reform momentum.  Sustaining reform momentum, both with macroeconomic policy reforms and, importantly, some of the growth-enhancing reforms that we were talking about earlier, is critical for all countries in our membership, including Sri Lanka. 

    And on the question regarding the president’s remarks, I think there, what I can simply say is to repeat that, you know, Sri Lanka has made commendable progress, you know, in implementing some very difficult but much-needed reforms.  The effects — these efforts are really starting to bear fruit.  We see a remarkable rebound in growth following Sri Lanka’s crisis.  Inflation is low, international reserves are continuing to grow, revenue collection on the fiscal side is improving, and the debt restructuring process is nearly complete.  So, I think it’s really important to recognize, you know, the significant efforts that Sri Lanka has taken and also the tremendous progress that has been made.  Right now, of course, we are very much focused on the current EFF, and therefore, as I mentioned, it’s going to be critical for Sri Lanka to sustain the reform momentum through the remainder of this EFF program. 

    And with that, I am going to bring this Press Briefing to a close.  Let me thank you all for your participation today.  As a reminder, as usual, this briefing is embargoed until 11:00 A.M. Eastern Time in the United States.  A transcript will be made available later on IMF.org, and should you have any clarifications or additional queries, please reach out to my colleagues media@imf.org. This concludes our Press Briefing for today.  I wish everyone a wonderful day, and I do look forward to seeing you all next time.  Thank you very much. 

    *  *  *  *  *

    IMF Communications Department
    MEDIA RELATIONS

    PRESS OFFICER: Brian Walker

    Phone: +1 202 623-7100Email: MEDIA@IMF.org

    @IMFSpokesperson

    MIL OSI Economics –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: The Foreign Secretary’s Mansion House Speech 2025

    Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments

    Speech

    The Foreign Secretary’s Mansion House Speech 2025

    The Foreign Secretary delivers his 2025 Mansion House Speech.

    My Lord Mayor, Your Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen…

    thank you for hosting me.

    My thoughts are with all those affected by the tragic plane crash in Ahmedabad this morning.

    I have been in touch with Minister Jaishankar to offer my condolences…

    and the Foreign Office has stood up a crisis team to support British nationals and their families.

    Tonight, I want to speak about power.

    This is an audience which will understand that…

    because the City’s financial power scales up every innovation…

    and powers up the world economy.

    Thank you for what you do.

    I became MP for Tottenham 25 years ago.

    I’ll be honest with you…

    I didn’t feel that powerful for many of those years.

    It was a long wait to become Foreign Secretary…

    though not nearly as long as the wait for Tottenham to win a European trophy.

    Politics and supporting Spurs…

    if you stick at them…

    pay off in the end.

    I also want to thank the tens of thousands of diplomats, intelligence officers and development specialists…

    that stand up for Britain in the world.

    Together…

    we’ve tackled wars, evacuations, hurricanes, …

    and thanks to your work…

    much of it classified…

    we are all safer…

    even if your Foreign Secretary is now a little greyer…

    a little thinner…

    and, I hope, a little wiser.

    We do our work in the shadow of history.

    Coming here tonight, I think of Anthony Eden, one of the first Foreign Secretaries to speak in this tradition.

    But I do not think this is the new 1930s.

    The more compelling reference point is 1925.

    A century ago, our world was experiencing what the great historian Adam Tooze called a deluge of modernity.

    New technologies…

    new industries…

    …shifted the balance of power. 

    There is a cheap reading of the 1920s… 

    that a Second World War was inevitable.

    However, I’m not sure it was. 

    With the Locarno Treaties in 1925…

    we almost got there.

    Ultimately though, democracy failed to keep the peace.

    I look back at 1925 today…

    because 2025 is also a molten moment…

    when the earth moves.

    What we are living through is in fact a Great Remaking…

    as modernity leaps forward and reshapes geopolitics.

    In 2025, technology is power.

    Nowhere do we see this more clearly than with China…

    a great civilisation with a long history…

    but today defined as much by their technological cutting edge as anything else.

    Take DeepSeek…

    revealing Chinese AI power.

    BYD’s export boom…

    revealing Chinese battery power.

    And the Chang’e-6 moon landing…

    revealing Chinese space power.

    We cannot ignore how the West and Russia are no longer alone on the technological frontier.

    Nor can we ignore the fact that China has installed more renewables capacity than the US, EU and India combined.

    Britain will be dealing with the threats and opportunities Chinese technology poses for generations to come.

    But it is the United States…

    Britain’s closest ally….

    that is the world’s leading technological power…

    number one when it comes to biotech, AI and quantum.

    But facing such a vast challenge, it is natural the Americans will focus more on the Indo-Pacific.

    And they’ve repeatedly told us, facing Russia, we in Europe need to rely more on ourselves.

    But to quote my friend Vice-President Vance:

    “It’s completely ridiculous to think you’re ever going to be able to drive a wedge between the US and Europe.”

    I agree with J.D. Vance…

    though maybe not when it comes to his love for Diet Mountain Dew…

    I prefer a full fat Coke.

    The United States and China are doing remarkable things with new technology.

    But this is the truth about power today…

    technology is making it more diffuse.

    Power is not just in the hands of the superstates…

    nor the super-spoiler, Putin’s Russia. 

    Many powers are shaping this multipolar age.

    Since 2000, Britain has more Nobel laureates for science than China, India and Russia combined.

    South Korea makes more advanced semiconductors than China.

    The UAE has reached Mars…

    whilst Russia hasn’t been since the collapse of the USSR.

    In 1997, when my party last came to power…

    the US held the majority of the world’s top supercomputers.

    Today, barely a third.

    The cast-list of players is growing.

    When the US talks to Russia, they both head to Riyadh…

    when they talk to China, they both come to London.

    This large group of states, together, are the new great powers.

    This is also our age.

    Your Excellencies, that’s why I want to work even more closely with even more of you…

    some as allies, some as partners…

    some of you on everything, some of you on single issues.

    We are not all the same.

    We do not agree on everything.

    But together, we can build new constellations and coalitions which give us all a seat at the table.

    This is at the heart of our offer to the Global South and our new Approach to the continent Africa.

    It is the core of what I mean by progressive realism.

    Cooperation, not condescension.

    Listening, not lectures.

    A realpolitik of progress.

    For Britain, progressive realism means listening…

    deepening…

    and toughening up.

    For years…

    friends from Africa to Eastern Europe have been saying Britain needs to do more to tackle dirty money.

    Kleptocrats and money launderers rob all our citizens of wealth and security.

    We don’t need to wait for superpowers…

    we can clamp down on blatant theft ourselves.

    And so I can announce today that London will host a Countering Illicit Finance Summit…

    …bringing together a broad coalition for action.

    I will never allow London mansions to be the bitcoin of kleptocrats.

    We will expose them.

    We will punish them.

    And drive them out of our city.

    In the Middle East, I personally find the horrific suffering of civilians in Gaza intolerable.

    We all want to see an immediate ceasefire…

    the release of all the hostages…

    the end of Hamas’ reign of terror.

    That’s why Britain is leading efforts to break the deadlock through new coalitions.

    I can hear others’ desire for peace.

    With France and Canada…

    we sent a clear warning in May that Israel must stop its assault on Gaza.

    With Australia, Canada, Norway and New Zealand…

    we’ve sanctioned those inciting violence against Palestinians in the West Bank…

    the territory that must form the heart of a future Palestinian state.

    We support the Gulf’s indispensable work on mediation and a plan for the day after.

    Because the two-state solution is the only path to a lasting peace.

    But progressive realism is not only about this…

    but deepening Britain’s alliances and partnerships.

    We actually delivered three deals in two weeks with three of the world’s greatest economies.

    And that’s not all we’ve achieved – we are injecting real momentum into so many of Britain’s partnerships.

    We’re delivering deals for climate…

    launching the Global Clean Power Alliance in Brazil…

    partnering with my friend Mia Mottley’s Bridgetown Initiative…

    securing a climate tech partnership with Qatar.

    Jobs in Cambridge, jobs in Southampton.

    We’re delivering deals for defence…

    the ITAR breakthrough with our AUKUS partners…

    progress in our new fighter jet programme with Italy and Japan.

    Jobs in Glasgow, jobs in Reading.

    We’re delivering deals for growth…

    massive investments from America’s Universal…

    Japan’s car giants…

    German manufacturers…

    and Saudi investors.

    Jobs in Bedford, jobs in north Wales, jobs in Northern Ireland.

    Crucially, we’re also delivering deals on irregular migration.

    Better cooperation with the Balkans…

    new returns agreements with Iraq and Moldova…

    the world’s first sanctions regime targeting smuggling gangs and their enablers.

    This is now a priority for the Foreign Office in a way it never was before.

    This is us playing our bit ensuring those with no right to be here piling pressure on our public services.

    When partners step up on irregular migration…

    this is transforming our wider relationship.

    But if they are unwilling to do so…

    then that has to have consequences for what we can offer them in return.

    And finally, progressive realism is about toughening up.

    I came into politics inspired by the generation who were tested by war in Bosnia and Kosovo.

    My generation here in Europe is the Kyiv generation…

    one that has toughened up.

    The view from that night train to visit President Zelenskyy is not simply out into darkness…

    …but into history in the making.

    You feel what a journey Europe has been on since 2022.

    Britain has toughened up.

    As Secretary of State for GCHQ and SIS…

    I am proud that we are investing £600 million in the UK intelligence community…

    so our spies can defend our way of life.

    As a result, I can confirm today that Britain will spend two point six per cent of GDP on defence from 2027.

    This is a generational uplift…

    keeping working people safe.

    Our soldiers and our intelligence staff are ready to compete with our adversaries.

    And with the new counter-hybrid taskforce I am announcing today…

    our diplomats too will be ready for this murky new age of sabotage and subterfuge…

    where technology is power.

    And I know…

    Europe has toughened up too…

    switching to Putin-free energy…

    as the EU goes further than ever before with common borrowing for military spending.

    Putin believes that we, as Europeans, are unable to stick it out for years to come.

    But just as Ukraine’s heroes have surprised the Kremlin with their endurance…

    so too has Europe been astounding the Kremlin with our dogged persistence in standing with Zelenskyy.

    Today, we had confirmation that Russian casualties in this senseless war have reached one million.

    Every one a reminder that this war is not only a crime against the Ukrainian people…

    but a waste of young Russian lives…

    yet more blood on the Kremlin’s hands.

    With grit, we will prove Putin wrong.

    Europe is not afraid to stand up and fight.

    Our Plan for Change…

    our international strategy…

    is delivering for working people.

    I can see Britain in the years to come…

    safer…

    greener…

    richer…

    happier…

    if we stick to the Plan.

    For me, patriotism has always been about realism…

    And, of course, football!

    Taking the world as it is, not as we wish it to be.

    Taking ourselves as we are, and being proud of it.

    Taking actions that are both astute and bold.

    This is our realpolitik.

    A realpolitik of progress.

    A realpolitik for Britain.

    Thank you.

    Updates to this page

    Published 13 June 2025

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

    June 13, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Global: Two-state solution in the Middle East has been a core US policy for 25 years – is the Trump administration eyeing a change?

    Source: The Conversation – Global Perspectives – By Dan Arbell, Scholar-in-residence at the Center for Israeli Studies, American University

    Mike Huckabee, the U.S. ambassador to Israel, holds a note given to him from President Donald Trump to be placed in the cracks of the Western Wall in the old city of Jerusalem on April 18, 2025. Gil Cohen-Magen/AFP via Getty Images

    For a generation, the promotion of a “two-state solution” to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict has been a core pillar of U.S. policy in the Middle East.

    But ahead of a major United Nations conference on how to advance that solution, some are asking if Washington is eyeing a change.

    On June 10, 2025, the U.S. ambassador to Israel, Mike Huckabee, stated in an interview to Bloomberg that he opposes the establishment of a Palestinian state at this time, noting that “unless there are some significant things that happen that change the [Palestinian] culture, there is no room for it.” He added that those changes “are not likely to occur in our lifetime.”

    Asked if the establishment of a Palestinian state is still the goal of U.S. policy, Huckabee replied, “I don’t think so.” He went on to mull the carving out of land from a Muslim-majority country for Palestinians, rather than a future homeland for them coming from the area currently controlled by Israel and the Palestinian Authority in the West Bank.

    The comments by Huckabee, a Donald Trump political appointee and ardent pro-Israel Evangelical Christian, have been interpreted as a signal that the Trump administration is potentially breaking away from long-standing U.S. policy. Adding credence to that view has been the administration’s antipathy toward the U.N. conference on the two-state solution, due to convene in New York from June 17-20.

    As a 25-year veteran of the Israeli Foreign Service who served in the embassy in Washington twice, I know that such a turn in U.S. policy is possible. But it is not without difficulties, as the Trump administration will need to present an alternative plan for resolving the conflict.

    President Trump has recently shown he is prepared to break with long-standing U.S policies, as was the case in his decision to lift sanctions on Syria and meet with the country’s interim president, Ahmed al-Sharaa – to the great surprise of many. But calling it quits on the two-state solution is different – it could lead to the further destabilization of an already unstable region.

    What is the two-state solution?

    For the past quarter-century, U.S. policy – endorsed by Republican and Democratic administrations alike – has advocated for the resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict through the advancement of a two-state solution. In practical terms, this means the establishment of a Palestinian state encompassing the Palestinian people currently living in the occupied West Bank and possibly the Hamas-controlled Gaza Strip, alongside the state of Israel.

    The idea that these two coexisting states could provide a permanent end to the conflict formally came to prominence in June 2002 as part of the Road Map to Peace for the Middle East Conflict announced by U.S. President George W. Bush and adopted by the International Quartet on the Middle East, comprising the U.S., Russia, European Union and the U.N.

    U.S. President George W. Bush, Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon, left, and Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas in Aqaba, Jordan, in June 2003.
    Hussein Malla/AFP via Getty Images

    U.S. Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama took active steps to advance the two-state solution, including direct involvement in negotiations between Israelis and Palestinians.

    And in his first term, Trump presented his own plan, which he called the “Deal of the Century.” With the subheading “a realistic two-state solution,” it laid out a path to Palestinian statehood if the Palestinians’ political leadership met a set of benchmarks.

    President Joe Biden continuously raised the two-state solution as the most viable way to resolve the conflict – even after the Oct. 7, 2023, attacks by Hamas and the war subsequently launched by Israel in Gaza.

    But for years, international observers have worried about the viability of the two-state solution in the face of opposition from right-wing Israeli governments, continued Israeli settlement activity in the West Bank, and weak and divided Palestinian leadership and polity. Yet the alternatives – including continued Israeli occupation, a one-state solution or a confederation with Jordan – are viewed as less viable options.

    Galvanizing support behind statehood

    For these reasons, the two-state solution remains the most acceptable formula to much of the international community.

    Member states of the European Union, Arab countries, as well as most countries in Asia, Latin America and Africa, have been advocating for decades for the implementation of the two-state solution and have incorporated it into their foreign policies.

    The upcoming U.N. conference in New York, to be chaired by France and Saudi Arabia, intends to underscore the importance of getting to a two-state outcome.

    While there is no real expectation the conference will lead to the establishment of a Palestinian state anytime soon, it aims to galvanize international support for the concept of Palestinian statehood.

    Huckabee’s comments were made in the context of the U.N. conference. And they are of no real surprise: Huckabee’s personal views on the subject are very well known.

    But the former Arkansas governor is now the United States’ representative in Israel, and that gives his words weight.

    Warning or notice of intent?

    While there was wide speculation that the comments reflect a change in U.S. policy, the Trump administration did not rush to endorse them – but nor did it distance itself from Huckabee’s words.

    As the war in Gaza continues, there is a growing realization among leading Republicans as well as mainstream Democrats in the U.S. that talk of advancing the two-state solution is premature if not unrealistic at present, especially taking into account the stern opposition of Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s nationalist-religious government.

    But that does not suggest the Trump administration has necessarily steered away from this option for the future.

    Rather, it could be that the U.S. administration has calculated that as it devotes efforts to ending the war in Gaza, at least temporarily, and securing the release of the remaining Israeli hostages being held, talk of a two-state solution now is counterproductive to its efforts.

    And Huckabee’s comments may be aimed more at those delegates shortly arriving in New York for the U.N. summit, serving as a warning rather than a notice of intent.

    In a cable sent from the State Department to U.S. embassies around the world, American diplomats were reportedly asked to discourage countries from participating in the conference – not because the U.S. is “disowning” the two-state solution, but rather because the administration believes the conference may undermine its current efforts.

    The cable stated that the U.S. opposes any steps that unilaterally recognize a Palestinian state, which it feels “adds significant legal and political obstacles to the eventual resolution of the conflict.”

    The wording was not coincidental. U.S. policy has been consistent over the years in stating that any resolution of the conflict should be reached through negotiations between the main parties – the Israeli government and Palestinian representatives – which need to refrain from taking any unilateral steps.

    A man walks in front of a sign with portraits of U.S. President Donald Trump and Ambassador to Israel Mike Huckabee in central Jerusalem on May 7, 2025.
    Ahmad Gharabli/AFP via Getty Images

    Getting ahead of policy

    Notwithstanding all this, Huckabee’s comments were not made in a vacuum.

    While the U.S. administration has not formally moved away from the two-state formula, there is a growing number of conservatives in Congress, as well as in the Washington think-tank community, that see an opportunity to bring a change in U.S. policy in the aftermath of the Oct. 7 attacks.

    In his first term, Trump was relatively tepid in his approach. So far in his second term, he has given little sign of where he stands on the issue. Huckabee’s comments, in this regard, may have been a subtle nudge – with the ambassador getting ahead of where he hopes policy is heading.

    Dan Arbell does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Two-state solution in the Middle East has been a core US policy for 25 years – is the Trump administration eyeing a change? – https://theconversation.com/two-state-solution-in-the-middle-east-has-been-a-core-us-policy-for-25-years-is-the-trump-administration-eyeing-a-change-258753

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

    June 13, 2025
←Previous Page
1 … 170 171 172 173 174 … 530
Next Page→
NewzIntel.com

NewzIntel.com

MIL Open Source Intelligence

  • Blog
  • About
  • FAQs
  • Authors
  • Events
  • Shop
  • Patterns
  • Themes

Twenty Twenty-Five

Designed with WordPress