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Category: Scandinavia

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: Difficult work arrangements force many women to stop breastfeeding early. Here’s how to prevent this

    Source: The Conversation – Indonesia – By Andini Pramono, Research officer, Department of Health Economics, Wellbeing and Society, National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University

    Research shows that six months of exclusive breastfeeding, and continuing until two years old or beyond, provide multiple benefits for the baby and mother.

    It can prevent deaths both in infants and mothers – including in wealthy nations like the United States. It also benefits the global economy and the enviroment.

    However, after maternity leave ends, mothers returning to paid work face many challenges maintaining breastfeeding. This often leads mothers to stop breastfeeding their children before six months – the duration of exclusive breastfeeding recommended by the World Health Organisation (WHO) and others.

    According to the WHO, less than half of babies under six months old worldwide are exclusively breastfed.

    In Indonesia, research shows 83% of mothers initiate breastfeeding, but only 57% are still breastfeeding at around six months. In Australia, 96% of mothers start breastfeeding, but then there is a rapid fall to only 39% by around three months and only 15% by around five months.

    Among the key reasons for low rates of exclusive breastfeeding are the difficult work conditions women face when they return to paid work.

    So how can governments and workplaces – especially in countries that have yet to do enough, like Indonesia and Australia – better support breastfeeding mothers, particularly at work?

    Half a billion reasons to change

    For more than a century, the International Labour Organization (ILO) has set global standards for maternity protection through the Maternity Protection Convention and accompanying recommendations, as well as the ILO Workers with Family Responsibilities Convention, aiming to protect female workers’ rights.

    So far, only 66 member states have ratified at least one of the Maternity Protection Conventions, while 43 have ratified the Workers with Family Responsibilities Convention. Unfortunately, Indonesia has not ratified either convention. So far, Australia has only ratified the family responsibilities convention.

    In some countries, protections are aligned with the ILO Conventions. For example, in Denmark and Norway, the governments offer maternity leave of at least 14 weeks. During leave, mothers’ earnings are protected at a rate of at least two-thirds of their pre-birth earnings. Public funds ensure this is done in a manner determined by national law and practice, so the employer is not solely responsible for the payment.

    A Canadian study highlights the proportion of mothers exclusively breastfeeding to six months increased by almost 40% when paid maternity leave was expanded from six to 12 months. At the same time, average breastfeeding duration increased by one month, from five to six months.

    Evidence shows paid maternity leave and providing an adequate lactation room at work both contribute positively to breastfeeding rates.

    Despite this, half a billion women globally still lack adequate maternity protections.

    For example, welfare reforms in the US encouraging new mothers’ return to work within 12 weeks led to a 16–18% reduction in breastfeeding initiation. It also saw a four to six week reduction in the time babies were breastfed.

    Indonesia and Australia aren’t doing enough

    Neither Indonesia or Australia are currently doing enough to meet the ILO’s maternity protection standards.

    In Indonesia, the 2003 Labour Law urges companies to give 12 weeks of paid maternity leave for women workers to support breastfeeding. Furthermore, the 2012 regulation on exclusive breastfeeding obligates workplace and public space management to provide a space or facility to breastfeed and express breast milk. However, the monitoring of its implementation is weak.

    In Australia, paid parental leave (PPL) policy supports parents who take time off from paid work to care for their young children.

    Eligible working mothers or primary carers are entitled to up to 20 weeks (or 22 weeks if the child is born or adopted from 1 July 2024) of government paid parental leave within the first two years of the birth or adoption of a child.

    In the Federal Budget announced on 15 May 2024, the Australian government has added payment of superannuation contributions to the parental leave package for births and adoptions on or after 1 July 2025. However, the PPL is a low amount, paid at the national minimum wage ($882.80 per week)].

    Some mothers can combine the government payment with additional paid leave from their employer. However in 2022-2023, only 63% of Australian employers offered this, leaving nearly half of new mothers with only minimum financial support.

    Unlike Indonesia, Australia has no legal requirement for employers to offer paid breastfeeding breaks in their workplace, so mothers can express and take home their breastmilk. This can badly impact women’s and children’s health.

    While Australia’s support for breastfeeding mothers is welcome, it’s still inadequate to meet the ILO’s international standard – particularly Australia’s low payment rate of government PPL (at the minimum wage, rather than two-thirds of previous earnings) and the lack of legislation for paid breastfeeding breaks.

    How employers and colleagues can help

    Globally, the barriers to maintain breastfeeding include not only lack of maternity leave duration and pay, but also unavailability of breastfeeding and breast pumping facilities at workplaces, sometimes unsupportive colleagues and supervisors, and lack of time at work to breastfeed or expressing breastmilk.

    Breastfeeding a baby should not preclude women from earning a living. In 2022, female workers were 39.5% of total workers globally, while in Australia and Indonesia they made up 47.4% and 39.5% respectively.

    An accessible facility or space for breastfeeding or breast pumping is vital to support breastfeeding working mothers.

    In Indonesia, a 2013 Ministry of Health regulation outlines the procedure for an employer to provide a space and facility for mothers to breastfeed and breast pump.

    The minimum specifications of this facility are described as a lockable, clean and quiet room, with a sink for washing, suitable temperature, lighting and flooring. While these specifications are technically mandatory, monitoring is weak, meaning if employers fail to meet the requirements there are no specific consequences.

    But a breastfeeding space alone is not enough. In many jobs, mothers cannot leave their tasks during working hours, even if there is a lactation room.

    Supportive employers need to regulate time and flexibility to breastfeed and express breastmilk, including providing flexible working arrangements and paid breastfeeding breaks during working hours. Supportive attitudes from co-workers and managers are also important.

    Suitable staff training on breastfeeding and policies supporting mothers, such as providing time and facility to express breastmilk in work hours, are crucial. Training on how to support co-worker can include anything from basic information breastfeeding, to what to say (or not say) with a breastfeeding co-worker.

    Access to supportive childcare is another issue globally.

    For those families who can access childcare, childcare centres can also help by:

    • encouraging and accommodating mothers to visit for breastfeeding
    • having written policies supporting breastfeeding
    • providing parents with resources on breastfeeding
    • and referring parents to community resources for breastfeeding support.

    Practical ways to support more families

    The Australian Breastfeeding Association has an accreditation program that helps workplaces to be breastfeeding-friendly. Workplace policies, including adequate time and space for pumping, are positively associated with longer breastfeeding duration.

    The program assesses workplaces for three aspects: time, space and supportive culture. This means, workplaces are encouraged to provide a special space and time for breastfeeding and breast pumping in a supportive culture and flexible working hours.

    Mothers should consider to prepare how to align breastfeeding with work early – during pregnancy. Start by discussing your breastfeeding goals with healthcare professionals and finding a baby-friendly hospital.

    Discuss your breastfeeding plan with your supervisor at work during your pregnancy, including finding out your maternity leave (paid and unpaid) entitlements. Also consider childcare arrangements that will work best for you with breastfeeding.

    For further information and support, you can find resources from local breastfeeding support groups, such as the Indonesian Breastfeeding Mothers Association and Australian Breastfeeding Association.

    Julie P. Smith is a qualified breastfeeding counselor and honorary member of the Australian Breastfeeding Association.

    Andini Pramono dan Liana Leach tidak bekerja, menjadi konsultan, memiliki saham, atau menerima dana dari perusahaan atau organisasi mana pun yang akan mengambil untung dari artikel ini, dan telah mengungkapkan bahwa ia tidak memiliki afiliasi selain yang telah disebut di atas.

    – ref. Difficult work arrangements force many women to stop breastfeeding early. Here’s how to prevent this – https://theconversation.com/difficult-work-arrangements-force-many-women-to-stop-breastfeeding-early-heres-how-to-prevent-this-211831

    MIL OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: AI applications are producing cleaner cities, smarter homes and more efficient transit

    Source: The Conversation – Canada – By Mohammadamin Ahmadfard, Postdoctoral Fellow, Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University

    Artificial intelligence (AI) is quietly transforming how cities generate, store and distribute energy, acting as the invisible conductor that orchestrates cleaner, smarter and more resilient cities.

    By integrating renewables — from solar panels and wind turbines to geothermal grids, hydrogen plants, electric vehicles and batteries — AI can enable cities to manage diverse energy sources as a single, intelligent system.

    One striking example is the Oya Hybrid Power Station in South Africa. Here, AI-driven controls seamlessly co-ordinate solar, wind and battery storage to deliver reliable power to up to 320,000 households. Using AI makes this kind of integration not only possible, but dramatically more efficient.

    Recent research shows AI can also optimize how batteries, solar and the grid interact in buildings. A 2023 study found that deep learning and real-time data helped a boarding school in Turin, Italy increase low-cost energy purchases and cut its electricity bill by more than half.

    Cleaner, smarter energy grids

    AI models are increasingly able to predict weather with greater precision. These predictions allow electric grid operators to plan hours ahead, storing excess energy in batteries or adjusting supply to meet demand before a storm or heatwave hits.

    Using AI to respond strategically to weather is a game-changer. In Cambridge, England, a system called Aardvark uses satellite and sensor data to generate rapid, accurate forecasts of sun and wind patterns.

    Unlike traditional supercomputer-driven weather models, Aardvark’s AI can deliver precise local forecasts in minutes on an ordinary computer. This makes advanced weather prediction more accessible and affordable for cities, utilities and even smaller organizations — potentially transforming how communities everywhere plan for and respond to changing weather.

    AI models are increasingly able to predict weather with greater precision, allowing electric grid operators to plan ahead, storing excess energy in batteries or adjusting supply to meet demand before a storm or heat wave hits.
    (Shutterstock)

    AI for smarter district heating and cooling

    In Munich, Germany, AI is improving geothermal district heating by using underground sensors to monitor temperature and moisture levels in the ground.

    The collected data feeds into a digital simulation model that helps optimize network operations. In more advanced versions, during winter cold snaps, such systems can suggest lowering flow to underused spaces like half-empty offices and boosting heat where demand is higher, such as in crowded apartments.

    This intelligent, self-optimizing approach extends the life of equipment and delivers more warmth with the same energy input.

    This is a breakthrough with enormous potential for cities in cold climates with established geothermal networks, such as Winnipeg in Canada and Iceland’s Reykjavik.

    Although these cities have not yet adopted AI-driven monitoring systems, they could benefit from AI’s real-time improvements in efficiency, comfort and energy savings during harsh winters — a principle that holds true wherever geothermal district heating and cooling exists.

    Inside the home, AI-managed smart climate systems can factor in how many people are in each room, which appliances are in use, how much natural sunlight each space receives.
    (Shutterstock)

    Smart buildings

    Inside the home, AI-managed smart climate systems can factor in how many people are in each room, which appliances are in use, how much natural sunlight each space receives and how much electricity or heat a home’s solar panels generate throughout the day.

    Based on this, AI determines how to heat or cool rooms efficiently, and can transfer energy from one space to another, balancing comfort with minimal energy use.

    Coastal cities and those in wind-heavy regions are using AI in other creative ways. In Orkney, Scotland, excess wind and tidal energy are converted into green hydrogen. Instead of letting that surplus power go to waste, an AI system called HyAI controls when to generate hydrogen based on wind forecasts, electricity prices and how full the hydrogen storage tanks are.

    When winds are strong at night and electricity is cheap, the AI can divert surplus power to produce hydrogen and store it for later use. On calmer days, that stored hydrogen can power fuel cells or buses.

    Energy storage

    AI is transforming energy storage into a smart, revenue-generating force. In Finland, a startup called Capalo AI has developed Zeus VPP, an AI-powered virtual power plant that aggregates distributed batteries from homes, businesses and other sites.

    Zeus VPP uses advanced forecasting and AI algorithms to decide when batteries should charge or discharge, factoring in energy prices, local consumption and weather forecasts. This enables battery owners to earn revenue by participating in electricity markets, while also supporting grid stability and making better use of renewable energy.

    Utility companies are also using AI to monitor everything from high-voltage transmission lines to neighbourhood transformers, dramatically increasing reliability.

    AI-powered dynamic line rating adjusts how much electricity a line can carry in real time, boosting capacity by 15 to 30 per cent when conditions allow. This helps utilities maximize the use of existing infrastructure instead of relying on costly upgrades.

    At the local level, AI analyzes smart metre data to predict which transformers are overheating due to rising EV and heat pump use.

    By forecasting these stress points, utilities can proactively upgrade equipment before failures happen — a shift from reactive to predictive maintenance that makes the grid stronger and cities more resilient.

    AI-powered public transit and mobility

    Transportation innovation is becoming part of the energy solution, with AI at the centre of this transformation. In New York City, energy company Con Edison has installed major battery storage systems to help manage peak electricity demand and reduce reliance on polluting peaker plants, which supply energy only during high-demand periods.

    More broadly, Con Edison is deploying advanced AI-powered analytics software across its electric grid — optimizing voltage, enhancing reliability and enabling predictive maintenance. Together, these efforts show how combining energy storage and AI-driven analytics can make even the world’s busiest cities more resilient and efficient.

    AI is also powering “vehicle-to-grid” innovations in California, where an AI-driven platform manages electric school buses that can supply stored energy back to the grid during periods of high demand.

    By carefully managing when buses charge and discharge, these systems help keep the grid reliable and ensure vehicles are ready for their daily routes. As this technology expands, parked electric vehicles could serve as valuable backup resources for the electricity system.

    Transportation innovation is becoming part of the energy solution.
    (Shutterstock)

    AI for clean energy initiatives

    AI is rapidly transforming cities by revolutionizing how energy is used and managed. Google, for example, has slashed cooling energy at its data centres by up to 40 per cent using AI that fine-tunes fans, pumps and windows more efficiently than any human operator.

    Organizations like the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), in collaboration with NVIDIA, Microsoft and others, have launched the Open Power AI Consortium, which is creating open-source AI tools for utilities worldwide.

    These tools will enable even the most resource-constrained cities to deploy advanced AI capabilities, without having to start from scratch, helping to level the playing field and accelerate the global energy transition.

    The result is not just cleaner air and lower energy bills, but a path to fewer blackouts and more resilient homes.

    Mohammadamin Ahmadfard receives funding from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) and Mitacs Inc. for his postdoctoral research at Toronto Metropolitan University.

    – ref. AI applications are producing cleaner cities, smarter homes and more efficient transit – https://theconversation.com/ai-applications-are-producing-cleaner-cities-smarter-homes-and-more-efficient-transit-256291

    MIL OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: I analyzed more than 100 extremist manifestos: Misogyny was the common thread

    Source: The Conversation – Canada – By Karmvir K. Padda, Researcher and PhD Candidate, Sociology, University of Waterloo

    Two years have passed since a 24-year-old former student walked into a gender studies classroom at the University of Waterloo and stabbed the professor and two students.

    The attack left the campus shaken and sparked national outrage. Many saw the attack as a shocking but isolated act of violence. But a close analysis of his 223-word manifesto reveals much more.

    What emerges is a chilling picture of how deep-seated misogyny, disguised as grievance and moral outrage, can escalate ideological violence. Though short, the manifesto is saturated with anti-feminist, conspiratorial rhetoric.

    As a researcher looking at digital extremism and gender-based violence, I’ve analyzed more than 100 manifestos written by people who carried out mass shootings, stabbings, vehicular attacks and other acts of ideologically, politically and religiously motivated violent extremism in Canada, the United States and beyond.

    These attackers may not belong to formal terrorist organizations, but their writings reveal consistent ideological patterns. Among them, one stands out: misogyny.

    Misogyny is the ‘gateway drug’

    The Waterloo case is not unique. In fact, it mirrors a growing number of violent incidents where gender-based hate plays a central role. Reports by the Institute for Strategic Dialogue and Public Safety Canada show misogynist extremism is rising in Canada. It’s often entangled with white nationalism, anti-LGBTQ+ hate and anti-government sentiment.

    According to political sociologist Yasmin Wong, misogyny now acts as a “gateway drug” to broader extremist ideologies. This is particularly true in digital spaces where hate and grievance are cultivated algorithmically.

    In my analysis of manifestos collected from 1966 to 2025, gender identity-driven violence appeared in nearly 40 per cent of them. These violent beliefs were either the primary or a significant secondary motivation for the attack. This includes direct expressions of hatred toward women, trans and queer people and references to feminist or LGBTQ+ movements.

    ‘Salad bar’extremism

    The Waterloo attacker did not explicitly identify as an “incel” (involuntary celibate), but the language in his manifesto closely echoes those found in incel and broader manosphere discourse. Feminism is portrayed as dangerous, gender studies as ideological indoctrination and universities as battlegrounds in a supposed culture war.

    The Waterloo attacker destroyed a Pride flag during the attack, referred to the professor he targeted as a “Marxist,” and told police he hoped his actions would serve as a “wake-up call.”

    At one point, he praised leaders like Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orbán and Canadian far-right politician Maxime Bernier as “based Chads.” “Based Chads” is a slang term used in online extremist communities to glorify or refer to dominant and assertive males.

    Alongside anti-feminist messaging, the attacker’s writing echoes common far-right narratives: fear of “cultural Marxism,” disdain for liberal elites, and the belief that violence is necessary to awaken the public. He referenced prior mass attacks, including the 2011 Norway massacre and the 2019 Christchurch mosque shooting. These two incidents are frequently celebrated in far-right spaces.

    These references place him within a transnational digital subculture where misogyny, white supremacy and ideological violence are valourized.

    It reflects what researchers described as “salad bar extremism”: a mix-and-match worldview where misogyny is blended with white nationalism, anti-government sentiment and conspiratorial thinking to justify violence.

    Manifestos rationalize violence

    The authors of manifestos are frequently dismissed as “nutters” — demented or socially unstable people.

    But the manifestos are valuable documents for understanding how ideology works. They show how people rationalize violence, where their ideas come from and how they see themselves as political entities. They also reveal the role of digital communities in shaping those beliefs.

    Researchers can use them to map ideological ecosystems and identify patterns. These analyses can inform prevention strategies.

    The Waterloo manifesto is no exception. It draws from a familiar ideological playbook — one that dehumanizes feminists, academics and LGBTQ+ people while portraying violence as both righteous and necessary.

    These are not isolated ideas; they are symptoms of a wider digital ecosystem of online hate and ideological grooming.



    Read more:
    The stabbing attack at the University of Waterloo underscores the dangers of polarizing rhetoric about gender

    Deliberate, ideologically motivated attacks

    While a psychological assessment of the attacker raised questions about a psychotic break, there was no clinical diagnosis of psychosis. His actions — planning the attack, writing and posting a manifesto, selecting a specific target — were deliberate and ideologically motivated.

    Yet the terrorism charge brought against him by federal prosecutors was ultimately dropped. The judge ruled his beliefs were “too scattered and disparate” to constitute a coherent ideology.

    But his manifesto shared language and ideological frameworks recognizable across incel, anti-feminist and far-right communities. The idea that this doesn’t constitute “ideology” reflects how outdated our legal and policy frameworks have become.

    Confronting ongoing danger

    Two years on, we remember the victims of the Waterloo attack. We must also confront the larger danger the attack represents.

    Misogyny is not just a cultural or emotional problem. Instead, it increasingly functions as an ideological gateway, connecting personal grievance with broader calls for violent extremism.

    In this era of rising lone-actor violence, it is one of the most consistent and dangerous drivers of extremism.

    If we continue to treat gender-based hate as peripheral or personal, we will keep misunderstanding the nature of violent radicalization in Canada. We must name this threat and take it seriously, because that’s the only way to prepare for what’s coming next.

    Karmvir K. Padda receives research funding from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council

    – ref. I analyzed more than 100 extremist manifestos: Misogyny was the common thread – https://theconversation.com/i-analyzed-more-than-100-extremist-manifestos-misogyny-was-the-common-thread-259347

    MIL OSI –

  • MIL-OSI: Mensa IQ Test – Free International Mensa IQ Quiz with Instant Results Now Offered by QuickIQTest.org

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    New York City, June 30, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) —  QuickIQTest.org, a trusted leader in online cognitive assessments, proudly announces the official launch of its Free Mensa IQ Test 2025. Designed to closely mirror the structure and rigor of a Mensa international IQ test, this new online Mensa IQ test offers individuals around the world an engaging and accessible way to evaluate their intelligence according to Mensa standards.

    ⇒ Reveal Your Cognitive Strengths with a Real Mensa IQ Test!

    As part of its 2025 initiative to expand cognitive assessment opportunities, QuickIQTest.org now provides a free Mensa practice test built to simulate an authentic Mensa intelligence test. Participants can measure essential cognitive abilities, including logical reasoning, pattern recognition, and problem-solving skills, while receiving instant results and a detailed breakdown of their cognitive strengths.

    “Our mission is to make high-quality intelligence testing available to everyone,” said a spokesperson for QuickIQTest.org. “With this online Mensa IQ test, global users can discover their potential, practice with realistic Mensa test questions, and prepare for future challenges.”

    ⇒ Take the Official Mensa IQ Test Free Today!

    The newly updated Mensa IQ practice test features advanced scoring algorithms, a user-friendly interface, and full compatibility across devices, allowing seamless access for all. Whether preparing for the Mensa Norway IQ test, exploring an interest in mental challenges, or simply curious about is Mensa IQ test accurate, this free Mensa IQ test online is the perfect solution.

    Users can instantly access the Mensa test free without any downloads or subscriptions required. From Mensa sample test exercises to complete Mensa practice test free offerings, QuickIQTest.org ensures a reliable and enriching online experience.

    ⇒ Examine Your Skills Through a Trusted Mensa IQ Assessment!

    For those interested in exploring more Mensa-style testing opportunities — including Mensa IQ test answers, Mensa online IQ test details, and the best online Mensa test options — visit QuickIQTest.org today.

    What Is a Mensa IQ Test?

    An IQ or intelligence quotient test is a standardized assessment designed to measure various aspects of human intelligence. The Mensa IQ test specifically evaluates individuals who score within the top 2% of the population, identifying those with advanced cognitive abilities. These tests are gateways to membership in Mensa International, the world’s largest and oldest high-IQ society.

    An IQ test, Mensa style, aims to measure intelligence objectively. It’s not about academic knowledge or memorization, but raw intellectual processing, how efficiently and accurately a person can solve unfamiliar problems.

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    History and Evolution of IQ Testing

    IQ testing has evolved significantly since its origins in the early 20th century. French psychologist Alfred Binet developed the first modern intelligence test to assess children’s learning potential. Over time, these early models expanded into more sophisticated forms, such as the Stanford-Binet and Wechsler scales. Today, digital platforms like QuickIQTest.org carry forward this tradition, offering advanced, user-friendly tools that make high-quality testing widely available.

    As organizations like Mensa gained global recognition, specialized exams like the Mensa intelligence test emerged. These are designed to evaluate fluid intelligence—the innate ability to think logically, solve problems, and detect patterns rather than rely on learned knowledge.

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    Types of Intelligence Measured

    The Mensa IQ Quiz online offered by QuickIQTest.org is structured to assess multiple forms of cognitive functioning, including:

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    ⇒ Discover How You Score on the Mensa IQ Test!

    This multidimensional testing approach ensures that the online Mensa test remains balanced, challenging, and reflective of real-world problem-solving. Unlike knowledge-based exams, this test focuses on natural cognitive ability, providing meaningful insights across all backgrounds and education levels.

    QuickIQTest.org continues to innovate how users engage with intelligence testing. Through its Mensa IQ test free platform, it empowers individuals worldwide to explore their potential with professional-grade accuracy and instant feedback.

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    The rise of digital testing platforms has made assessing intelligence from the comfort of home easier than ever. Services like QuickIQTest.org provide a seamless way to take an authentic Mensa IQ Quiz online, designed to replicate the structure and challenge level of official assessments used by Mensa International.

    ⇒ Find Out If You Qualify for Mensa Today!

    Structure and Typical Question Formats

    The Mensa IQ practice test on QuickIQTest.org typically consists of various non-verbal, logic-based questions that challenge different aspects of cognitive performance. Common formats include:

    • Visual analogies: Identify the missing piece in a visual pattern
    • Number series: Determine the following number in a logical sequence
    • Matrix reasoning: Choose the image that completes a matrix
    • Pattern recognition: Spot the rule that governs a set of symbols

    These questions are intentionally culture-free and language-neutral, ensuring fairness and accessibility. The Mensa IQ Quiz reflects the kinds of problems one might encounter on the Mensa intelligence test, giving users a realistic preview of the real experience.

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    Timed vs. Untimed Online IQ Tests

    Most Mensa online IQ tests, including the one provided by QuickIQTest.org, use a timed format to evaluate accuracy and speed of reasoning. Time constraints add a layer of difficulty, requiring users to think quickly and strategically under pressure.

    However, QuickIQTest.org also allows users to pause and return later if needed, providing flexibility while maintaining test integrity. This hybrid model makes the test more inclusive without sacrificing the quality of results.

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    How Results Are Calculated

    After completing the test, users receive instant feedback with a detailed performance analysis. Scores are calculated using psychometric modeling based on standard deviation and population averages, which estimate where the individual ranks compared to the general population.

    The results from QuickIQTest.org are easy to understand and based on real scientific methods. The platform’s algorithm evaluates consistency, accuracy, and completion time to provide a precise cognitive profile. Many users report that their scores from the Mensa IQ test answers offered here closely match what they later receive from official testing centers.

    By taking the Mensa practice test free exams, users can gain valuable insight into their reasoning ability and better prepare for the official Mensa qualification.

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    Benefits of Taking a Mensa Practice Test Online

    Taking a Mensa practice test online is more than just an intellectual challenge. It’s an effective way to uncover personal strengths, enhance self-awareness, and evaluate readiness for official Mensa qualification. At QuickIQTest.org, users can experience a structured, intuitive version of the Mensa IQ test designed to match real-world testing standards closely.

    Whether you’re preparing for the Mensa Norway IQ test or simply want to know how your reasoning skills compare globally, here’s why millions are turning to QuickIQTest.org for a trusted experience.

    ⇒ See How You Rank with the Mensa IQ Challenge!

    1. Accessible from Anywhere, Anytime

    The digital nature of the online Mensa IQ test at QuickIQTest.org makes it available on demand, removing common barriers like testing centers, fees, and scheduling. This is especially valuable for international users who may not have access to local Mensa offices.

    You can begin the Mensa IQ test online from any device, desktop, tablet, or smartphone, making it ideal for busy professionals, students, and lifelong learners.

    2. Realistic Mensa Test Questions and Format

    The Mensa test questions included in the QuickIQTest.org version are modeled on the structure of official exams. These include questions that measure fluid intelligence, your ability to think abstractly and identify logical patterns.

    Using a Mensa sample test, users can familiarize themselves with the challenges they’ll face in real Mensa evaluations. This practice benefits individuals who plan to apply to Mensa International formally.

    ⇒ Take the Most Accurate Mensa IQ Quiz with QuickIQTest.org!

    3. Timed Assessment Simulates Real Testing Conditions

    One key benefit of using this platform is its timed testing format, which adds an authentic layer of difficulty to the assessment. Users must manage their time wisely and stay focused under mild pressure, just as they would during an official test.

    QuickIQTest.org also offers flexibility by allowing users to pause and resume if needed, ensuring accessibility without sacrificing accuracy.

    4. Detailed, Instant Results

    Upon completion, the Mensa IQ test answers are calculated and analyzed using a standardized scoring system based on IQ distribution. This ensures that the results are meaningful, not random or arbitrary.

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    ⇒ Complete a Realistic Mensa IQ Test Online!

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    6. Confidence Building for Future Testing

    Taking a Mensa practice test helps reduce test anxiety by familiarizing users with the format and expectations of intelligence testing. This confidence can be a game-changer during actual Mensa entrance exams.

    Users often report improved performance on later exams after using the Mensa test free platform as their preparation tool.

    ⇒ Take the Next Step: Mensa IQ Testing Starts Here!

    7. Useful for Educational and Professional Planning

    Understanding your cognitive strengths can offer value beyond the test itself. Many use their IQ test Mensa results for career planning, educational development, or personal insight.

    By identifying strong areas in logic, memory, or pattern recognition, individuals can better align their future goals with how their mind naturally operates.

    8. Legitimate and Trusted Platform

    QuickIQTest.org is a highly regarded service used by thousands seeking an accurate Mensa IQ test alternative online. The platform is recognized for its reliability, scientific structure, and commitment to user privacy.

    You can confidently take the Mensa online IQ test, knowing your experience is aligned with international testing practices.

    ⇒ Want to Join Mensa? Start with This IQ Test!

    Free vs. Paid Mensa IQ Test

    With growing interest in intelligence testing, people often wonder whether they should take a free Mensa IQ test or invest in a paid one. While many online platforms offer both, the real difference lies in the test’s design quality, scoring accuracy, and trustworthiness. QuickIQTest.org offers one of the most reliable solutions, delivering a Mensa IQ test online that’s accessible, professional, and based on genuine IQ testing principles.

    ⇒ Take the Free Mensa IQ Test Officially at QuickIQTest.org!

    What’s Included in a Free Mensa International IQ test?

    A Mensa practice test, free of charge, can still offer tremendous value if a scientifically grounded platform develops it. At QuickIQTest.org, users can take a free Mensa IQ test replicating the structure and challenge level of formal IQ assessments. It includes:

    • 20 to 40 timed logic-based questions
    • Instant scoring based on international IQ distribution
    • Cognitive performance breakdown
    • Familiarization with Mensa test questions and problem-solving formats

    The free online Mensa IQ test is a legitimate way to prepare for more formal assessments, especially if you’re considering applying to the Mensa International IQ test.

    Unlike many “free” quizzes online that are mostly entertainment-focused, this test is based on psychometric standards and cognitive science,  making it one of the most accurate free resources available.

    ⇒ Test Your Logical Skills with a Mensa IQ Format!

    Are Paid Tests More Accurate or Detailed?

    Sometimes, paid IQ tests offer additional features such as detailed analytics, personality insights, or official certification for academic or professional use. However, price does not always equal quality.

    QuickIQTest.org proves that an online, free Mensa IQ test can still deliver serious, research-backed results. Their algorithm calculates scores using valid statistical models that align with global IQ norms.

    For users asking, “Is Mensa IQ test accurate if it’s free?” — the answer depends on the source. In the case of QuickIQTest.org, the platform is structured to offer a highly reliable Mensa-style testing experience without hidden fees or subscriptions.

    Many users find that their IQ test Mensa scores from QuickIQTest.org are consistent with those they receive on formal Mensa evaluations.

    ⇒ Try the Most Popular Mensa IQ Test Online!

    Red Flags to Avoid in Online Testing Sites

    Not all online IQ tests are created equal. Here are some warning signs to avoid:

    • Vague or overly simplistic questions: Real Mensa sample test formats include complex reasoning challenges.
    • No scoring explanation: A legitimate platform should explain how your score is calculated.
    • Clickbait-style results: Avoid tests that give generic or overly flattering results without clear metrics.
    • Aggressive upselling or paywall traps: Some sites lure users with a “free” label only to demand payment after they complete the transaction.
    • No credibility or transparency: The platform should clarify its methodology and data use policy.

    QuickIQTest.org avoids all of these pitfalls. The Mensa test is structured, transparent, and built to replicate the experience of a Mensa-style intelligence test. It’s one of the most trusted options for users seeking clarity and confidence before pursuing formal membership with the Mensa International IQ test.

    ⇒ Take a Mensa IQ Test That Reflects Real Results!

    How to Prepare for a Mensa IQ Test

    Preparing for a Mensa IQ test is about more than just intelligence; it’s about readiness. Whether you aim to qualify for the Mensa International IQ test or simply want to measure your cognitive abilities with a high-standard Mensa IQ test online, preparation helps sharpen your edge.

    The Mensa IQ Quiz, available at QuickIQTest.org, can help you build the confidence and accuracy needed to succeed. This preparation process includes becoming familiar with question styles, reducing test-day anxiety, and boosting your ability to concentrate under time pressure.

    ⇒ Simulate a Real Mensa IQ Test Free at QuickIQTest.org!

    Practice Mensa-Style Question Types

    The official Mensa intelligence test isn’t based on rote knowledge; it assesses your ability to solve problems, think abstractly, and detect patterns. The most effective way to prepare is to consistently work through Mensa test questions in a format similar to the real test.

    Some of the major categories you’ll encounter include:

    • Raven’s matrix-style pattern recognition
    • Logical progressions in shapes and numbers
    • Odd-one-out visual discrimination
    • Verbal reasoning and analogies
    • Spatial rotations and transformations

    QuickIQTest.org is the most recommended source for a Mensa sample test that closely reflects these categories. Users can take the free Mensa practice test multiple times to build familiarity, speed, and confidence with each question type.

    ⇒ Start the Journey to Mensa Membership with This IQ Test!

    Managing Test Anxiety

    Nervousness is normal, but if unmanaged, it can disrupt your ability to think clearly and finish within the time limit. Since the Mensa online IQ test is typically timed, staying calm is essential for optimal performance.

    Here are effective ways to control anxiety before and during the test:

    • Create a calm environment: Choose a quiet, comfortable place to take the test.
    • Establish a pre-test routine: Drink water, stretch, and do a quick mental warm-up.
    • Practice breathing techniques: Slow breathing helps reduce cortisol levels.
    • Mentally rehearse success: Visualize yourself completing the test calmly and efficiently.
    • Use the platform repeatedly: The more you take the free Mensa IQ test at QuickIQTest.org, the less intimidating the process becomes.

    Knowing what to expect and rehearsing under real conditions—using the Mensa test, free format—can dramatically lower stress.

    ⇒ Take the Online Mensa IQ Quiz with Instant Results!

    Tips to Improve Focus and Performance

    Mental clarity plays a huge role in your outcome. To improve your focus and achieve an accurate score on your online Mensa test, consider these strategies:

    • Take practice tests when you’re mentally sharp, such as mid-morning.
    • Limit screen time beforehand to reduce eye strain and mental fatigue.
    • Eat a light, protein-rich snack before testing for sustained energy.
    • Use noise-canceling headphones or ambient sounds to eliminate distractions.
    • Practice skipping hard questions and circling back later.

    The IQ test, the Mensa model from QuickIQTest.org, allows you to engage with realistic time pressure and genuine question logic. Practicing under these conditions enhances both speed and precision.

    ⇒ Try Mensa IQ Test Free and Accurate at QuickIQTest.org!

    Use a Reliable Practice Source

    Above all, choose a platform that mirrors the integrity of official Mensa testing. Not all online IQ tests are credible. With QuickIQTest.org, you’re training with one of the most accurate and trusted online formats. Their Mensa IQ test free system aligns with psychometric best practices and gives instant, meaningful results.

    This test also benefits those preparing for region-specific exams like the Mensa Norway IQ test, offering a versatile preparation path for global candidates.

    By repeatedly using the Mensa practice test free provided by QuickIQTest.org, users set themselves up mentally, emotionally, and strategically for success.

    ⇒ Find Out Where You Stand with the Mensa IQ Exam!

    Most Accurate Online Mensa IQ Test in 2025

    As the demand for online intelligence testing continues to grow in 2025, finding a trusted and most accurate Mensa IQ test online has become more critical. While dozens of websites and apps claim to offer valid assessments, only a few provide the depth, credibility, and design quality needed to reflect an actual Mensa intelligence test experience. Among them, QuickIQTest.org stands out as a highly regarded platform offering a legitimate, science-backed way to measure your IQ.

    ⇒ Try the Official Free Mensa IQ Test with Fast Scoring!

    Trusted Platforms and Apps

    The internet is saturated with IQ tests, but very few are structured by actual psychometric testing principles. When evaluating platforms, it’s essential to look for those that:

    • Offer pattern-based logic questions similar to official Mensa test questions
    • Provide timed tests that simulate the real testing pressure..
    • Deliver scoring based on standard deviation from the IQ bell curve..
    • Offer a well-explained breakdown of performance.

    QuickIQTest.org ticks every one of these boxes. The platform’s online Mensa test is not a personality quiz or a gamified distraction. It is a research-based tool offering accurate feedback about fluid intelligence and reasoning capabilities.

    ⇒ Take the Most Accurate Mensa IQ Quiz with QuickIQTest.org!

    Certified vs. Unofficial Tests

    One common question from test takers is: Are certified tests better than unofficial ones?

    Certified Mensa admissions tests, typically taken under supervised conditions, are the gold standard for official membership. However, high-quality online IQ assessments can serve as a highly accurate predictor of whether someone might qualify for Mensa. The key is to choose a platform designed by experts in cognitive science and pattern recognition.

    QuickIQTest.org is not claiming to replace official testing but offers a Mensa IQ practice test that provides a strong, data-backed indication of your potential Mensa eligibility. It is one of the most reliable platforms for those who want to prepare, assess their standing, or challenge their intellect.

    Many users begin with the free Mensa IQ test and later, based on their results, take the official supervised exam. The scores align well with what people typically achieve in certified evaluations.

    ⇒ Explore Your IQ with an Accurate Mensa-Based Test

    User Reviews and Reliability

    Credibility is built over time,  and QuickIQTest.org has developed a growing user base of individuals who report high satisfaction with the platform’s structure, accuracy, and transparency.

    Standard user feedback highlights:

    • Realistic difficulty that matches the Mensa IQ test answers users encounter in formal tests
    • Clear explanations of score metrics and how IQ is calculated
    • No hidden fees or misleading claims
    • Seamless user experience and clean test design

    One user noted, “I took the Norway Mensa IQ test after using QuickIQTest.org and scored within the same range. It really helped me prepare.”

    Thousands of learners have used the platform’s Mensa practice test free to sharpen their cognitive skills and explore their intellectual strengths.

    When people ask, “Is the Mensa IQ test accurate if taken online?” the answer is yes,  when you choose a platform like QuickIQTest.org. Its consistency, logic-based framework, and precise scoring method make it one of the most trusted online tools available in 2025.

    ⇒ Take the Classic Mensa IQ Test Online Anytime!

    Understanding Your IQ Score

    After completing a Mensa IQ Quiz online, the next crucial step is interpreting your results. Your score is more than just a number—it reflects how your cognitive abilities compare with the general population. Whether you’re using a free Mensa IQ test or a more structured Mensa intelligence test, it’s essential to understand what the score represents, how it’s calculated, and what it doesn’t say about you.

    ⇒ Curious About Your IQ? Take the Mensa Test Now!

    What Your Score Means

    IQ scores are designed to follow a standard distribution, with the average set at 100. When you take a Mensa IQ practice test through a reliable source like QuickIQTest.org, your final score is calculated based on the number of correct answers, the difficulty of questions, and how your performance compares to others.

    Your result is often accompanied by a percentile rank, which shows how many people you outperformed. For example:

    • A score of 100 means your intelligence level is right in the middle of the population.
    • A score of 130 or above may indicate potential eligibility for Mensa.
    • A score below 85 is still within the standard curve but on the lower end of the distribution.

    QuickIQTest.org provides immediate, easy-to-read score explanations after each Mensa online IQ test, helping users see where they stand and what it might mean for their educational or professional development.

    ⇒ See If You Make the Cut with This Mensa IQ Test!

    Average, High, and Low IQ Ranges

    Most online tests use the Wechsler scale or similar bell curves. Here’s how typical IQ scores are categorized:

    • Below 70: Considered well below average; may indicate developmental challenges
    • 70–84: Below average range
    • 85–114: Average range (majority of the population)
    • 115–129: Above average
    • 130+: High IQ; potential Mensa qualification

    The Mensa practice test, free at QuickIQTest.org, aligns its scoring with these global standards, offering users an accurate assessment of where they fall.

    While scoring above 130 on the IQ test doesn’t automatically mean Mensa membership, it’s often a strong indicator that you might qualify if you pursue the official supervised exam.

    ⇒ Reveal Your Cognitive Strengths with a Mensa IQ Test!

    Limitations and Misconceptions

    IQ tests measure specific types of intelligence—remarkably fluid reasoning, pattern recognition, and logic. They do not assess:

    • Creativity
    • Emotional intelligence (EQ)
    • Social skills
    • Practical problem-solving
    • Wisdom or moral judgment

    A common misconception is that a high IQ automatically equates to success or genius. While many high-IQ individuals thrive academically or professionally, success is influenced by many other factors, including motivation, opportunity, and emotional resilience.

    Another myth is that taking the Mensa IQ test multiple times will significantly inflate your score. While practice improves familiarity, accurate intelligence scores remain relatively stable over time.

    That said, tools like QuickIQTest.org offer meaningful insights and preparation. They’re designed for those aiming to join Mensa and for anyone curious about their cognitive strengths.

    ⇒ Test Yourself Against Mensa Standards!

    8. Mensa IQ Test for Kids, Teens, and Adults

    Intelligence testing isn’t limited to adults. An adequately designed Mensa IQ test can help assess children, teenagers, and adults’ cognitive ability. However, it’s essential to recognize that age plays a critical role in measuring and interpreting IQ. Whether for educational placement, personal insight, or curiosity, the online Mensa IQ test at QuickIQTest.org adapts well across age groups by offering a flexible, pattern-based format appropriate for different developmental stages.

    Age-Appropriate IQ Assessments

    IQ testing must be aligned with age-related expectations to be accurate. The mental tasks a 10-year-old can solve differ significantly from those expected of a 30-year-old. Modern IQ tests adjust scoring to ensure fair comparisons across ages.

    QuickIQTest.org provides an IQ test and a Mensa platform suitable for teens and adults. It is typically recommended for ages 14 and up. For younger children, supervised testing with child-specific formats is more appropriate. However, for teens preparing for academic challenges or seeking Mensa eligibility, the Mensa practice test offers an excellent simulation of the logic-based reasoning questions used in official exams.

    Adults aged 20, 40, or 65 can use the Mensa online IQ test to evaluate cognitive agility. Unlike knowledge tests, these pattern-recognition exercises are designed to minimize age or cultural bias.

    ⇒ Start the Mensa IQ Test Online Free with QuickIQTest.org!

    Educational vs. General Intelligence Tests

    Educational IQ tests often assess verbal comprehension, arithmetic skills, and memory, traits aligned with classroom performance. In contrast, a Mensa intelligence test focuses on fluid intelligence: your ability to reason and think abstractly.

    The free Mensa IQ test from QuickIQTest.org is particularly well-suited for general intelligence evaluation. It doesn’t require prior academic knowledge. Instead, it asks questions based on logic, patterns, and spatial awareness—abilities that tend to be stable across diverse educational backgrounds.

    This makes the Mensa test a free experience appealing to students looking to challenge themselves and working professionals interested in their cognitive strengths.

    ⇒ Discover the IQ Test Modeled After Mensa Exams!

    How Schools or Employers May Use Results

    Schools may recommend IQ testing for gifted program eligibility or special education placement. An above-average score—particularly in problem-solving and pattern recognition—can support a child’s placement in accelerated academic tracks.

    Some employers also use intelligence testing in hiring processes, especially for roles requiring critical thinking, analysis, or technical decision-making. While many organizations don’t ask for an actual Mensa IQ test, scores from high-quality platforms like QuickIQTest.org can provide personal insight and potentially be included in a professional portfolio.

    It’s worth noting that many individuals voluntarily share their Mensa IQ test answers or scores with mentors, educators, and coaches to guide future development.

    The Mensa practice test is free, and it’s a low-pressure way to get started, whether you’re a student preparing for higher education or a professional seeking a mental challenge.

    ⇒ Unlock Your IQ Potential with This Mensa-Based Test!

    9. Is a Mensa IQ Test Legitimate?

    With the explosion of online testing platforms, it’s natural to question whether a Mensa IQ test taken online is accurate or valid. While not every internet quiz holds scientific value, well-structured assessments like those offered by QuickIQTest.org are developed to reflect genuine intelligence-testing principles. When done correctly, an online Mensa IQ test can provide results closely aligned with traditional, supervised testing used in clinical or academic settings.

    ⇒ Measure Your Intelligence with a Mensa-Style Quiz

    How Accurate Are Online IQ Tests Compared to Clinical Ones?

    Clinical IQ assessments, like the Stanford-Binet or WAIS-IV, are typically administered in controlled environments by certified professionals. They are used in education, employment, and mental health contexts and offer highly detailed insight into cognitive performance. They assess several forms of intelligence, including working memory, spatial reasoning, and processing speed.

    While online versions don’t provide the same depth, many use similar formats, particularly for fluid intelligence (the ability to identify patterns, solve problems, and reason abstractly). A properly designed Mensa practice test mimics these core aspects with visual pattern recognition, number series, and logic puzzles. QuickIQTest.org uses time-based challenges and varied question structures to replicate these elements, producing surprisingly consistent results with official Mensa entry exams.

    Many users of QuickIQTest.org report that their scores from this free Mensa IQ test fall within the same range as those received from in-person evaluations.

    ⇒ Start a Mensa IQ Assessment from Anywhere!

    How to Tell If a Test Is Scientifically Valid

    With so many tests online claiming to be “official” or “accurate,” how can you spot the real ones?

    Here are signs of scientific credibility in an online Mensa IQ test:

    • Timed sections: Intelligence isn’t just about getting the correct answer—it’s about speed and efficiency under time pressure.
    • Standardized scoring: Real IQ tests distribute results on a bell curve. Look for scores where 100 is average, with clear percentile rankings.
    • Diverse questions: A valid test includes spatial, numeric, and abstract reasoning,  each targeting different cognitive functions.
    • Adaptive difficulty: The test should gradually increase in complexity, which mirrors how official Mensa assessments are structured.
    • No personality quizzes or gimmicks: IQ tests aren’t mood surveys but analytical and performance-based.

    QuickIQTest.org delivers on all these fronts. Their online Mensa IQ test uses a scoring algorithm rooted in psychometric testing standards. The platform is built not to entertain, but to challenge users across different reasoning dimensions.

    ⇒ Take the IQ Test Designed for High Performers!

    Credentials to Look For in a Reliable IQ Test

    Even if a test is online, it should still meet standards that suggest professional input and real-world value. You don’t need a clinical psychologist to validate it, but some benchmarks help:

    • Developer transparency: Reputable IQ tests often mention who created the test, ideally, experts in cognitive science or psychometric testing.
    • Consistent user reviews: Real users should report that their scores feel realistic and reflect other intelligence evaluations they’ve taken.
    • No unrealistic promises: Beware of tests that guarantee Mensa admission or claim impossible accuracy. A legitimate Mensa intelligence test will acknowledge that only official, supervised tests can grant membership.

    At QuickIQTest.org, the goal is not to mislead users. Instead, they offer a highly regarded, free Mensa test alternative that enables individuals to evaluate their reasoning ability before deciding whether to apply for official Mensa testing.

    ⇒ Find Out If You Have a Mensa-Eligible Score!

    The Role of a Mensa Practice Test

    Think of a Mensa IQ test online like a practice run—it’s not a certification, but it’s the next best thing. It offers valuable preparation, helps reduce test anxiety, and gives you a clear picture of your strengths.

    Additionally, it is an excellent IQ screening tool because the Mensa sample test at QuickIQTest.org is patterned after real Mensa questions. It gives users honest feedback while preserving the integrity of what a real test should feel like.

    ⇒ Take the Mensa IQ Test Officially at QuickIQTest.org

    FAQS

    Can I take a free Mensa IQ test online?

    Taking a free Mensa IQ test online is possible, especially for practice and personal evaluation. While official Mensa tests must be supervised and often involve a fee, trusted platforms like QuickIQTest.org provide access to a Mensa IQ test online that mimics the structure and complexity of the real thing. This Mensa practice test free version includes timed questions and instant scoring, offering an effective way to understand how you might perform on a formal Mensa assessment. It benefits those interested in preparing before attempting an official supervised exam.

    How does the online Mensa IQ test work?

    An online Mensa IQ test generally presents a series of timed questions designed to test logic, spatial awareness, pattern recognition, and numerical reasoning. These tests are based on the same principles as formal IQ assessments used by Mensa International. At QuickIQTest.org, the structure includes:

    • Timed sections: Questions must be answered within a specific time limit to simulate real-world conditions.
    • Adaptive scoring: The test evaluates accuracy and the difficulty of questions answered correctly.
    • Instant results: Once completed, you receive a score range that corresponds with general IQ benchmarks, giving you an idea of where you stand compared to the population.

    This Mensa IQ practice test provides an accessible way to explore your intellectual strengths before considering official testing.

    How accurate is the online Mensa IQ test?

    The accuracy of an online Mensa IQ test depends on how well it follows accepted psychometric standards. While online versions do not replace supervised clinical assessments, services like QuickIQTest.org aim to provide a highly accurate and reliable evaluation. Their test uses cognitive science and logic-based structures similar to official IQ tests. It focuses on visual and numerical reasoning rather than learned knowledge, which makes it more reflective of your innate problem-solving abilities. While the score cannot be used for formal Mensa membership, it can indicate your potential and help guide whether you should pursue official testing.

    What does my IQ score mean?

    Your IQ score is a numerical expression of your cognitive performance relative to the general population. Most scoring systems are based on a bell curve, with 100 as the average IQ. Here’s a general breakdown:

    • 85–115: Average range (most people fall here)
    • 116–129: Above average
    • 130 and above: Gifted; potential Mensa qualification
    • Below 85: May indicate challenges in some areas of reasoning.

    When you take the IQ test, Mensa style, at QuickIQTest.org, your score will fall within a percentile rank, giving context to where you stand. However, it’s essential to understand that IQ is just one measure of cognitive potential and does not capture creativity, emotional intelligence, or other forms of intelligence.

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    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Written question – Denmark’s 14-year lack of limit values for hazardous substances in the oceans – E-002535/2025

    Source: European Parliament

    Question for written answer  E-002535/2025
    to the Commission
    Rule 144
    Per Clausen (The Left)

    The Danish Minister for the Environment has admitted[1] that Denmark has failed to comply with both Danish and EU environmental regulations for 14 years by failing to set limit values for toxic substances (including PCBs and heavy metals) in fish and mussels, and in the seabed. It has therefore been impossible to assess how polluted Denmark’s coastal waters have actually been.[2]

    A memo from 2020[3] pointed out that this has meant, among other things, that it is not possible to adequately assess the state of the marine environment and comply with the EU’s water framework and marine strategy framework directives.

    This is despite the fact that Danish officials have been trying to warn successive ministers about the problem since at least 2011.

    This is an extremely serious matter that casts an even worse light on the problems that Denmark has had in implementing the water framework directives.

    In the light of the foregoing:

    • 1.Does the Commission have an overview of how many breaches of EU law Denmark’s practices have resulted in since 2011?
    • 2.How do the revelations concerning the lack of action and the infringement of – among other things – EU regulations over a 14‑year period affect the assessment of Denmark’s failure to implement the Water Framework Directive?
    • 3.Has the Commission received a plan from Denmark on how the country intends to bring itself into line with EU legislation?

    Submitted: 24.6.2025

    • [1] https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/indland/eksperter-miljoeministeriet-har-i-aarevis-bevidst-brudt-regler-om-forurening-af
    • [2] https://www.dr.dk/nyheder/indland/afsloering-embedsmaend-har-i-14-aar-advaret-om-miljoeministeriet-skjuler-forurening
    • [3] https://effektivtlandbrug.landbrugnet.dk/artikler/politik/113567/i-14-aar-har-embedsmaend-forsoegt-at-raabe-politikerne-op-om-havforurening
    Last updated: 30 June 2025

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Economics: The Central Bank of Iceland expands its liquidity window

    Source: Central Bank of Iceland

    In January 2022, the Central Bank of Iceland opened a liquidity window for deposit taking institutions in case they experienced an unexpected, temporary need for short-term liquidity. In reviewing its policy instruments, the Bank has now decided to expand this liquidity facility, enabling these institutions to use it to cover temporary fluctuations in their liquidity ratios.

    MIL OSI Economics –

  • MIL-OSI Video: Donor Announcements to the Global Fund: Accelerating the Fight Against Aids, TB and Malaria #FFD4

    Source: United Nations (video statements)

    Media Stakeout at the 4th International Conference on Financing for Development FFD4 (Sevilla, Spain).

    Speakers:

    José Manuel Albares Bueno, Minister of Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation of Spain

    Xavier Bettel, Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs of Luxembourg

    Paulo Rangel, Minister of State and Foreign Affairs of Portugal

    Åsmund Grøver Aukrust,Minister of International Development of Norway

    Peter Sands, Executive Director of the Global Fund

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mxWKzE68Nqo

    MIL OSI Video –

  • MIL-OSI USA: L-242 project steps Boilermakers into a new future: Batteries

    Source: US International Brotherhood of Boilermakers

    Boilermaker work has evolved over more than a century from the union’s roots in steam-powered locomotives to shipbuilding, refineries, nuclear power plants, the latest pollution mitigation technologies and more. And while Boilermakers themselves have also evolved with industry changes, they’ve remained constant as the dependable, go-to welders, riggers and fabricators that steep the union’s history.

    That’s what makes a recent Local 242 (Spokane, Washington) project both “new” news and old news at the Sila Nanotechnologies battery materials plant. The job is a move into a new industry for the Boilermakers; but for those on the job, it’s familiar work.

    “I don’t think the scope of work—what a Boilermaker does—is really any different. It’s just the type of equipment and the process of that equipment that’s unique,” says International Rep Luke Lafley. “We’re still welding, we’re still rigging, we’re still doing layout, we’re still refabricating things that came in incorrectly.

    “It’s normal Boilermaker work. It’s just the technology behind the equipment and the jurisdictional issues that come with it.”

    As new industry territory, when Sila, a next-generation battery materials company, announced in 2023 that it was building out its first, auto-scale manufacturing plant in Moses Lake, Washington—and that they intended to use a local workforce—the opportunity for Boilermakers to build it could have been missed.  Fortunately, L-242 Business Manager/Secretary-Treasurer Scott Widdicombe attends local Central Washington Building Trades council meetings, where he learned about the opportunity and long-time contractor-partner Haskell’s plan to bid on the work.

    “It’s important to go to your building trades meetings,” says Widdicombe, who participates in several area building trades groups. “If I had missed one building trades meeting or two meetings, we might not have been involved in this and it would have been playing a lot of catch up.”

    In tandem with building trades involvement, he stresses the importance of the project labor agreements (PLAs) as integral to scoring the work with Haskell, working well with other craft affiliates and the project’s overall success.

    “Without PLAs, we’re not getting this work. It’s the simple fact of the matter,” he says.

    A PLA and early pre-job assignments made for a clear and smooth understanding of jurisdiction from the get-go, which all agree have eliminated inter-craft issues that can halt work, cause friction with contractors and employers and sour future work opportunities. At the Sila project, as Boilermakers work elbow-to-elbow with Ironworkers, Pipefitters and others, it’s been overall harmonious.

    “We got all the stakeholders involved, all the parties, all the different business managers from all the different locals within the building trades of Central Washington, and as the scope developed, we got it agree to and signed, so there’s no drama, or minimal drama, in the field,” says Haskell Site Manager Luke Parham.

    Parham describes the new Sila facility as essentially a chemical plant where Sila will make Titan Silicon (TM), an innovative material that enables a more efficient battery for the auto industry, consumer electronics and other future industries. That means the company is extremely cautious about its proprietary processes and plans—which includes first-of-its-kind equipment built by Boilermakers. It also means Silas’ engineers need to regularly tweak and refine original plans that they must hold tight to their chests right up until go-time. Haskell and the crafts all need to be ready to go and pivot as necessary, making the PLA and pre-job work even more critical—and challenging.

    “There’s nothing to fall back on,” says L-242 Boilermaker and Site Superintendent Jayme Taylor, referring to the craft assignments and processes. “This is all brand new.”

    The tone for fairness was set early in the pre-job phase. Job steward Mark Keffeler said that while Boilermakers claimed their work, they were also vocal about ensuring other crafts’ work was properly assigned.

    “We’d say, ‘no, that’s ours; that’s theirs,’ and some guys were pretty new to the jurisdictional assignment process,” he explains. “[Scott Widdicombe and I] talked about it ahead of time, that if we’re fair from the start, we should be fair for the duration, and that’s really worked.”

    In fact, Keffeler drives a shuttle van every day to and from the jobsite. His passengers: all Pipefitters.

    “You know, we’ve got a new product line so to speak, and if we’re going to move forward getting this done with unions, we’ve got to do it professionally and safely. And that’s what Haskell and Sila have allowed us to do,” he says. “We don’t have to fight about piddly stuff. We might have to make concession here or there, but it’s better than watching across the fence while the work is done nonunion. We’re all getting along good in the sandbox.”

    Boilermakers were assigned to the process vessels, air pollution mitigation equipment, reactors, flare stack, components for an auxiliary generator and work on pressure transfer system for the product. Among highlights of their work at Sila, they set the thermal oxidizer and are building several substantial vessels including multiple massive tanks, some of which may be visible from the road. 

    “[The Boilermakers] have done an excellent job—high quality work on the tanks, the thermal oxidizer setting, and just constantly working through issues we’ve all experienced, whatever the case may be, to stay on schedule the best we can and pull things back in,” says Sila Construction Manager Shannon Denmark.

    Adds Haskell’s Parham: “The craftsmanship here is what I’m used to in the Pacific Northwest, and that’s people show up rough and ready, staunch and steady, ready to go. They take pride in what they do, with Jayme all the way down to his crew.”

    At its peak, the project employed 20 Boilermakers, which has meant a lot to local members who can commute back and forth for the job rather than leaving home for weeks and months. It’s also good for the local Moses Lake economy. Plus, it’s a significant foot in the door for future Boilermaker work in battery plants and other new industries.

    “This really is, basically, like a refining facility, but it’s refining new products, and hopefully it’s on the forefront,” Taylor says. “Moving forward, it’s more work for the Boilermakers and for all crafts really. It’s a new process, and hopefully it takes off.

    “It’s great for us as a whole—away from what we’re used to in the old fossil fuels. It’s stepping into the future.”

    EXTRA: Watch this video interview with L-242 Boilermaker Apprentice Nez Ogle.

    Apprentices learn at battery plant project

    The Sila battery materials plant project has proved to be a great setting for Local 242 apprentices make their mark on a growing new industry, sharpen their skills and learn from seasoned journeymen.

    For apprentice Nez Ogle, the experience has cemented his decision to become a career Boilermaker.

    “It’s been really eye opening for me,” he says. “I’m learning everything that I’ve been wanting to learn.

    Ogle went to welding school at Lewis-Clark State College and had an instructor who was a Boilermaker and talked about the union. So, when he finished school and wasn’t sure what to do next, he thought he’d give Local 242 a try.

    “This job is a lot of fun. A lot of journeymen that are here are really helpful, and any question I ask them, they’re super helpful when answering my questions—and they’re really nice to me. So, it’s been awesome. I love it, and I think I’ll do this for the rest of my life.”

    Journeyman Steven Pollard is among those working with apprentices like Ogle. He says the job has attracted quite a few apprentices, which makes the jobsite both interesting and challenging.

    “You have to keep them with someone who can guide them, but it’s been good,” he says. “We have some really good apprentices coming in right now.”

    Boilermaker Site Superintendent Jayme Taylor agrees.

    “That’s our future. Those are the guys that are going to have to take over for me when I decide to retire,” he adds. “So, train them young, train them right and make sure they know what they’re doing.”

    MIL OSI USA News –

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Laser Focus: DASA and Dstl funding accelerates novel laser detection tech

    Source: United Kingdom – Government Statements

    Case study

    Laser Focus: DASA and Dstl funding accelerates novel laser detection tech

    A novel laser detection system developed by Sentinel Photonics has evolved from a promising concept to commercial technology through DASA and Dstl support.

    • Sentinel Photonics was founded in 2019 by former Dstl scientists who developed innovative laser detection technology. The scientists spun out their own company in 2020, licencing the technology from Dstl.
    • Another DASA-funded innovation which protects users’ eyesight from lasers has been adopted on the Army’s KS1 rifles.
    • Sentinel Photonics also secured a DASA Defence Innovation Loan to help grow the size of their team and further develop the technology.
    • The company has grown at a remarkable pace, from one full-time employee to a team of 20, with products being deployed across NATO nations.

    The Innovation Journey

    For military personnel operating in hostile environments, detecting adversaries’ lasers is a vital capability. From artillery targeting systems to drones, sniper range finders and precision strike guided munitions, lasers pose an increasing threat on the modern battlefield.

    This challenge inspired Sean Tipper and Chris Burgess, while working as scientists at the Defence Science and Technology Laboratory (Dstl), to develop a new approach to laser detection. Their innovation showed great promise during development at Dstl, where the core technology was conceived and initially tested.

    “We worked on the core technology at Dstl for a number of years, developing the fundamental concepts,” explains Sean Tipper, now Chief Technology Officer at Sentinel Photonics. “We saw the potential for this technology to help protect our forces and founded Sentinel Photonics to take it to the next level of development and productisation.”

    In 2019 the scientists and Ploughshare Innovations founded Sentinel Photonics to commercialise their invention, licencing the IP from Dstl and the Ministry of Defence (MOD). The company formally began operations in late 2020 with the critical support of early Dstl funding through the Defence and Security Accelerator (DASA).

    A new way of detecting lasers

    Traditional laser warning systems rely on photodiodes that convert light to voltage, looking for rapid temporal changes. They look for quick, sharp changes, similar to how you can notice someone flicking a torch on and off in a dark room.

    While effective for detecting laser pulses, they struggle with continuous wave lasers and can generate false alarms.

    Sentinel’s breakthrough product, LASERD MAX (Laser Signal and Event Recording Device), uses a unique camera-based method that detects the spectral and spatial features of lasers. What sets LASERD MAX apart from conventional systems is its portability and comprehensive coverage. It doesn’t just monitor a narrow field of view but provides complete awareness.

    Sentinel Photonics’ LASERD MAX system in action

    “It’s more of an all-encompassing system,” explains Tipper.  “It’s easy to detect one laser in one direction, but what makes our system unique is the ability to detect many different types of lasers simultaneously in a clustered background, even in challenging daylight conditions.”

    The system can detect everything from drone LIDAR systems and artillery rangefinders to anti-tank guided missiles. It can also spot battlefield scanning systems that use invisible lasers to find hidden optics like sniper scopes.

    “Our system can detect a broad range of laser threats,” says Tipper. “It’s novel because it’s portable and standalone, targeted for dismounted use and also at forward operating bases.”

    The DASA and Dstl Impact

    DASA and Dstl support proved instrumental at multiple points in Sentinel Photonics’ development journey. Their first DASA projects in late 2020 provided critical funding that allowed Tipper to work full-time on developing the technology.

    “Those early DASA projects were really critical because that’s where I experimented with different sensors and camera systems and picked the exact sensors and optics we’re still using today,” says Tipper.

    As Sentinel Photonics progressed with their innovation journey, they reached a critical point where they needed to grow their team to meet increasing demand and develop their technology further.

    In 2022, DASA’s Defence Innovation Loans provided the perfect opportunity to take this next step.

    The loan helped transform the organisation from a founder-led startup into a growing enterprise with the capabilities to deliver advanced defence technology.

    “Without the Defence Innovation Loan, we wouldn’t have been able to deliver for Dstl, and we wouldn’t have had the resources to increase the size of our team,” Tipper notes.

    Commercial Success

    Sentinel Photonics’ progress has been remarkable. From just one person working part-time in 2020, the company has grown to 20 people by 2025. Their product line has expanded to include not just the LASERD MAX detection system but also products such as FROST (Filters for Reduction of Optical Signature Thresholds).

    The FROST system, also developed with DASA funding and Dstl technical support, protects eyes from laser damage and prevents detection by scanning systems. This technology has achieved significant commercial success and has been integrated into the KS1 rifles that have entered service with UK Armed Forces through a partnership with Edgar Brothers, Sentinels UK partner, as part of the Hunter programme.

    Sentinel Photonics’ FROST system installed on a KS1 scope

    The company has also expanded its reach beyond the UK. “We’re expanding across Europe and NATO nations in general, finding partners to bring our products into those markets,” says Tipper. “There’s a direct link from DASA-funded work to us making sales and getting partners into markets.”

    The SME has now established strategic collaborations with Glomex in Poland, TBM in the Netherlands, StarC4SIS in Romania and Precision Technic Defence Group in Denmark to add to its already established partnerships with Danger Solutions in Australia and Outervision in France.

    The Collaborative Ecosystem

    Sentinel’s story highlights the powerful collaboration between Dstl, DASA, and innovative small businesses. Dstl provided the foundation for the core technology and continues to work with Sentinel Photonics by providing technical support. DASA helped bridge the critical gap between concept and the commercially viable product.

    For Sentinel, DASA’s involvement has offered more than just funding. “DASA has been a very useful mechanism to test ideas and feasibility within defence,” explains Tipper. “It gives us a way to understand how important what we’re developing is to potential users and get early sight of that as well.”

    Looking ahead, Sentinel aims to shift from an R&D focused in its early years to a balanced commercial approach to increase their foothold in defence.

    As threats continue to evolve on the modern battlefield, innovations like Sentinel’s laser detection systems and FROST system can play an increasingly vital role in protecting UK and coalition forces. Their journey from laboratory concept to battlefield protection demonstrates the importance of supporting promising defence technologies through the challenging path of commercialisation.

    Updates to this page

    Published 30 June 2025

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI Russia: New cargo air route links Xinjiang and Tbilisi

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: People’s Republic of China in Russian – People’s Republic of China in Russian –

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    BEIJING, June 30 (Xinhua) — A cargo flight from Tbilisi, the capital of Georgia, landed at Laining International Airport in Kashgar Prefecture, northwest China’s Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, on Saturday, marking the launch of a new cargo air route between the two regions, the prefecture’s press service said.

    The cargo carried on the aircraft, including chilled salmon from Norway, live jumbo land crabs from France and cherries from Tajikistan, was delivered to the integrated import inspection facility upon arrival at the airport. It is the first shipment of fruits and edible aquatic organisms to be brought to the facility since it was granted import approval in 2024.

    It should be noted that to ensure the quality of these food products on the charter flight, a cold chain and advanced freshness preservation technologies were used.

    It should be recalled that Laining International Airport is the second largest air checkpoint in Xinjiang and one of the important hub airports of the Belt and Road Initiative. -0-

    MIL OSI Russia News –

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: Waiting for Godot has been translated into Afrikaans: what took so long

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Rick de Villiers, Associate professor, University of the Free State

    At last, the most infamous latecomer in all of literature has arrived – not in the flesh, but in South Africa’s Afrikaans language. Irish playwright Samuel Beckett’s best-known drama, Waiting for Godot, now also lives as Ons Wag vir Godot.

    Published and staged in 2024, the translation was inspired by the official centenary of Afrikaans in 2025.

    As a Beckett scholar, I think it’s worth asking why Afrikaans is so late on the scene – and why it matters.

    Godot in many tongues

    First written in French, En attendant Godot was published in 1952 and debuted on stage the next year.

    The action involves two tramps, Vladimir and Estragon, who have a series of absurd conversations and encounters as they wait for a man called Godot who never arrives. Beckett would self-translate the drama into English in 1954, calling it “a tragicomedy in two acts”.

    Since then, translations of the play have exploded. By 1969 – the year of Beckett’s Nobel Prize for Literature – Waiting for Godot could already be read in dozens of languages, including Albanian, Marathi, and even Icelandic.

    Samuel Beckett and South Africa

    Beckett’s connections with South Africa are surprisingly varied. As a young man, he unsuccessfully applied for a lectureship at the University of Cape Town. His 1951 novel, Molloy, was translated from French into English with the help of a South African student, Patrick Bowles. And in 1968, Beckett made a donation to the then-banned resistance party, the African National Congress, in the form of a manuscript for auction.

    This gesture was unprecedented for the Irish writer, who was wary of political causes. Yet not only did Beckett feel strongly enough about apartheid’s injustices to make this donation, he also refused to let anyone perform his plays before South Africa’s racially segregated audiences.



    Read more:
    The case of the acclaimed South African novel that ‘borrows’ from Samuel Beckett

    Already in 1963 Beckett had signed the petition Playwrights Against Apartheid. He would continue to refuse performance rights in South Africa until 1980, when the Baxter Theatre was allowed to stage Waiting for Godot with a racially integrated cast.

    Nevertheless, unauthorised Godots materialised before this. Athol Fugard, the South African playwright whose own dramas were influenced by Beckett, directed one of the earliest South African productions in 1962. Featuring an all-black cast, it testified to the play’s political charge, which Fugard emphasised:

    Vladimir and Estragon … were at Sharpeville or the first in at Auschwitz.

    It’s reasonable to think that Beckett would have supported this protest performance. But he would probably have denounced the first and unofficial Afrikaans version, Afspraak met Godot, translated by Suseth Brits and performed in 1970 at the Potchefstroom University College (now North-West University) behind closed doors.

    For different reasons, Beckett would also have frowned on the substantial “borrowings” in Afrikaans novelist Willem Anker’s 2014 novel, Buys.

    Domesticating a European classic

    Fully sanctioned by Beckett’s estate and beautifully translated (from the French and English) by now-retired professor of French at the University of the Free State Naòmi Morgan, Ons Wag vir Godot arrives at a different moment altogether.

    The translation retains the gallows humour of the original while adding local flavour. For instance, where Vladimir originally names the Eiffel Tower as a picturesque site to commit suicide, his Afrikaans counterpart nominates Van Stadensbrug, a bridge over a ravine in the Eastern Cape. The slave-like Lucky once entertained his master with European dances: “the farandole, the fling, the brawl, the jig, the fandango”. These now become a South African mix: “volkspele, die riel, die pantsula, selfs die horrelpyp” (folk games, riel dance, pantsula dance, a hiding).

    In translation-speak, Ons Wag vir Godot is therefore fully “domesticated”: the play’s universality comes through even though – and perhaps even more so because – it’s anchored in a particular place and time.

    This struck me when I attended the play’s limited-run production, expertly directed by Dion van Niekerk, at the 2024 Vrystaat Kunstefees (Free State arts festival). Its set managed to thread together subtle South African roadside details: a toppled rubbish bin, pylons on the horizon, a (broken) picnic bench.

    In the text itself, we encounter familiar place names, sayings and cultural clues. Consider how Beckett’s abstract phrase “the essential doesn’t change” is grounded in African mythology: “Jakkals verander van hare, maar nie van streke nie” (The leopard doesn’t change its spots). Then there’s the charming touch of the dog in Vladimir’s song snatching “’n stukkie wors” (a piece of sausage particular to South Africa) rather than a measly “bone”.

    Godot and the Afrikaans canon

    Ons Wag vir Godot achieves its most profound tribute to Beckett and Afrikaans through its intertextual richness. Both the French and English originals are highly allusive texts: they invoke other works of literature to increase their range of meaning and subtlety. Morgan is attuned to this subtlety and to the parallels to be found in Afrikaans literature. There are references to works by canonical Afrikaans writers like Eugène Marais, Totius and C.J. Langenhoven, each adding its own resonance.



    Read more:
    Koos Prinsloo: the cult Afrikaans writer has been translated to English – here’s a review

    Yet the dilemma any translator faces is not so much in bringing in the new, but in striking a balance with the old. Consider the judicious swapping of a line from Percy Bysshe Shelley for a line from C. Louis Leipoldt.

    In the English version, Estragon looks up forlornly at the moon and half-quotes the English Romantic poet: “Pale for weariness … Of climbing heaven and staring on the likes of us.” In the Afrikaans, he gives us a fragment from the wistful poem, Die Moormansgat: “ek kyk na die lig van die volle silwermaan” (I behold the light of the full silver moon). At face value, this lacks the detached, woeful quality of Shelley’s line. But read in the context of Leipoldt’s poem, it is every bit as poignant.

    The virtue of waiting

    “Vladimir would agree,” Morgan concludes in the preface to her translation, “that a century is a decent amount of time to hone a language for the translation of one of the best-known dramas in world literature”.



    Read more:
    Animal Farm has been translated into Shona – why a group of Zimbabwean writers undertook the task

    And indeed, the riches of the Afrikaans language are on display in this sensitive, witty and allusive rendering of Beckett’s European classic. But it’s also true that a certain amount of political baggage had to be shaken off before such a feat could be realised – not just in the right words, but in the right spirit. Of course, if Beckett’s play teaches us anything, it’s the virtue of waiting.

    Rick de Villiers does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Waiting for Godot has been translated into Afrikaans: what took so long – https://theconversation.com/waiting-for-godot-has-been-translated-into-afrikaans-what-took-so-long-257345

    MIL OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: There is no loneliness epidemic – so why do we keep talking as if there is?

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Brendan Kelly, Professor of Psychiatry, Trinity College Dublin

    fran_kie/Shutterstock.com

    Most people experience periods of loneliness, isolation or solitude in their lives. But these are different things, and the proportion of people feeling lonely is stable over time. So why do we keep talking about an epidemic of loneliness?

    Before the COVID pandemic, several studies showed that rates of loneliness were stable in England, the US, Finland, Sweden and Germany, among other places, over recent decades.

    While COVID changed many things, loneliness levels quickly returned to pre-pandemic levels. In 2018, 34% of US adults aged 50 to 80 years reported a lack of companionship “some of the time” or “often”. That proportion rose to 42% during the pandemic but fell to 33% in 2024.

    That’s a lot of lonely people, but it is not an epidemic. In some countries, such as Sweden, loneliness is in decline – at least among older adults.

    Despite these statistics, the idea that loneliness is increasing is pervasive. For example in 2023, the US surgeon general warned about an “epidemic of loneliness and isolation”. The UK even has a government minister with an explicit responsibility for addressing loneliness.

    Loneliness is a problem, even if it is not an epidemic. Social connection is important for physical and mental health. Many people feel lonely in a crowd or feel crowded when alone. In 2023, the World Health Organization announced a “Commission on Social Connection”. The WHO is right: we need to reduce loneliness in our families, communities and societies.

    But the idea that loneliness is an “epidemic” is misleading and it draws us away from sustainable solutions, rather than towards them. It suggests that loneliness is a new problem (it is not), that it is increasing (it is not), that it is beyond our control (it is not), and that the only appropriate reaction is an emergency one (it is not).

    In the short term, loneliness is an undesirable psychological state. In the long term, it is a risk factor for chronic ill health.

    Loneliness is not a sudden crisis that needs a short-term fix. It is a long-term challenge that requires a sustained response. An emergency reaction is not appropriate – a measured response is. Initiatives by the US surgeon general and WHO are welcome, but they should be long-term responses to an enduring problem, not emergency reactions to an “epidemic”.

    Vivek Murthy, the former US surgeon general warned about an epidemic of loneliness in America.
    lev radin/Shutterstock

    Medicalising normal human experience

    Conceptual clarity is essential if true loneliness is to be addressed. Pathologising all instances of being alone risks medicalising normal human experiences such as solitude. Some people feel alive only in crowds, but others were born lighthouse keepers. In a hyper-connected world, loneliness should be solvable, but solitude must be treasured.

    So, if there is no loneliness epidemic, why do we keep talking as if there is? Media framing of the issue and the human tendency to panic reinforce each other. We click into news stories based on subjective resonance rather than objective evidence.

    Human behaviour is shaped primarily by feelings, not facts. We dramatise, panic, and overstate negative trends. If trends are positive, we focus on minor counter-trends, ignore statistics and make things up.

    In the case of loneliness, the problem is real, even if the “epidemic” is not. Loneliness is part of the human condition, but alleviating each other’s loneliness is also part of who we are – or who we can become.

    Addressing loneliness is not about solving a short-term problem or halting an “epidemic”. It means learning to live with each other in new, more integrated ways that meet our emotional needs. Loneliness is not the problem. It is a consequence of living in societies that are often disconnected and fragmented.

    The solution? We cannot change the essentials of human nature – and nor should we try. But we can be a little kinder to ourselves, speak to each other a little more, and cultivate compassion for ourselves and other people.

    We need to connect with each other better and more. We can. We should. We will.

    Brendan Kelly does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. There is no loneliness epidemic – so why do we keep talking as if there is? – https://theconversation.com/there-is-no-loneliness-epidemic-so-why-do-we-keep-talking-as-if-there-is-259072

    MIL OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: Kenya’s peacebuilding efforts hold valuable lessons for the rest of the world, but gaps remain

    Source: The Conversation – Africa (2) – By Leonor Oliveira Toscano, PhD Candidate in Political Science, University of Oslo

    Kenya has been praised as a “model for the world” when it comes to peacebuilding efforts to manage outbreaks of violence within its borders. The country has systematically put in place a peacebuilding architecture rooted in a history of local peace initiatives. These date back to the early 1990s.

    Over this period, the Wajir Peace and Development Committee emerged in the country’s north-eastern region. The committee successfully addressed decades of inter-clan violence in Wajir, an arid county bordering Somalia. It also inspired the emergence of numerous local peace committees across the country.

    These committees have been set up in some other African countries – like Ghana, South Africa, Sierra Leone and Burundi – and continue to contribute informally to local peacebuilding in these states.



    Read more:
    Training local leaders in mediation can reduce violence: positive results in Nigeria

    In Kenya, the committees became institutionalised after post-election violence in 2007-08 and a mediation process led by former UN secretary general Kofi Annan. They now form part of the national peacebuilding architecture.

    Violence triggered by the contested 2007 presidential election outcome resulted in the killing of more than 1,000 people. The mediation process led to a power-sharing agreement signed by the presidential contenders Mwai Kibaki and Raila Odinga.

    The country’s peacebuilding architecture is now supported by several policies and frameworks. These include the constitution of 2010. The system that’s been built has the capacity to connect a wide variety of peacebuilding actors – both state and non-state, formal and informal – at all levels of society. This helps resolve conflict and build resilience.

    The Kenyan government initiated a review of the peacebuilding architecture in 2023. It involved a lengthy consultation process and high levels of participation among Kenyans. The National Steering Committee on Peacebuilding and Conflict Management led the way, assisted by an independent panel of 13 peacebuilding experts.

    Released at the end of 2024, the review looked at the strengths and weaknesses of the architecture.

    It offers a vision for building a robust peacebuilding system, along with an actionable roadmap. One lesson is that Kenya can use the capacities and unique approaches of different peacebuilding actors. At the local level, peace committees showed that they made contributions to early warning systems and building confidence in communities.

    However, insufficient resources and a consistent focus on electoral violence prevent the system from addressing other drivers of conflict.

    The strengths

    Local peace committees, with membership typically drawn from ordinary citizens, religious groups or local civil society organisations, play a crucial role. They support dialogue around conflict issues. They promote trust and understanding, and can build a constructive environment for conflict resolution.

    Their information gathering feeds into the regional Intergovernmental Authority on Development’s Conflict Early Warning and Response System (CEWARN) to prevent election violence. Local peace committees have contributed to negotiating local disputes. They have also helped de-polarise ethnic identities and facilitated local peace agreements. One example was the Modogashe Declaration. It sets ground rules to solve conflict and local disputes over pasture, water access and cattle rustling.



    Read more:
    Kenya violence: 5 key drivers of the decades-long conflict in the north and what to do about them

    We are researchers in Norway on a project focusing on civilian agency, local peace and resilience building. Our own interviews with committee members in Nakuru – a county greatly affected by the violence in 2007-08 – found that peace committee members continued to work together and share conflict-sensitive information with local stakeholders. These include administration officers and religious leaders, and covered periods during and after the 2022 elections.

    Further, local peace committees can offer women valuable opportunities for participation in conflict management. This contributes to their protection, for example from sexual violence.

    The weaknesses

    Despite these successes, Kenya’s peacebuilding architecture faces pressing challenges.

    First, local peace committees aren’t perfect. They can be manipulated by politicians seeking to build local support. They can also compete with traditional actors such as elders in conflict resolution.

    Kenya’s institutionalisation of local peacebuilding strengthened information flow across all levels. But it also threatens to undermine local peacebuilding agency and autonomy. Formalising local peace committees can spur an unhealthy monetisation of peacebuilding, with some members joining for financial gain. This threatens to erode the voluntary character of peacebuilding as a common good and undermine genuine priorities for peace.



    Read more:
    How women in Kenya mobilised for peace after surviving violence

    Second, elite-level politics in Kenya creates the persistent risk of electoral violence. This diverts attention and resources away from other long-standing causes of conflict. The drivers of violence in Kenya are varied and region specific. They include disputes over access to land, and marginalisation of ethnic and religious communities. Climate change threatens to worsen competition and conflict between pastoralists and farming communities.

    Our analysis of event data from Armed Conflict Location & Event Data shows that communal violence is the deadliest form of political violence in Kenya. For their part, fatalities related to election violence have decreased. This underscores the urgent need to consistently invest in prevention and local peacebuilding beyond narrow electoral periods.

    Fatalities in Kenya by type of armed violence: 2010-2023

    Electoral competition can escalate violence between pastoralists and farmers, but it’s the persistence of communal conflicts that represents a serious threat. Communal violence particularly affects Kenya’s arid and semi-arid areas in the Rift Valley, eastern and north-eastern regions.

    What next

    Our interviews with local peace committee members show that funding for their activities diminishes outside election years. This hampers their capacity to address conflict outside these periods.

    Yet research has shown that local peacebuilding can build social resilience against recurrent communal violence. Peacebuilding interventions grounded in local realities are also vital for countering insurgent violence. This is especially important as counterterrorism operations by state forces often trigger cycles of violence rather than resolving underlying issues.



    Read more:
    Drivers of electoral violence in Kenya: red flags to watch out for

    Our research finds that Kenyans place significant trust in local peacebuilders, such as community leaders, elders and women. The review of the country’s peacebuilding architecture proposes a 40% quota for women, youth and people with disabilities in local peace committees.

    However, quotas alone may not be sufficient to address the political and cultural challenges that entrench inequality.

    Ultimately, political elites need to transform Kenya’s “win at all costs” politics. This way, the country’s mediators and peacebuilders can address the deep social and economic grievances that underpin cycles of violence.

    Leonor Toscano’s doctoral research is supported by the grant from the European Research Council’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (852816; PI: Jana Krause). Leonor Toscano conducted interviews with LPC members in Kenya.

    Jana Krause received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under grant number 852816 (ResilienceBuilding).

    Marika Miner’s post-doctoral research is also supported by the grant from the European Research Council’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Program (852816; PI: Jana Krause).

    – ref. Kenya’s peacebuilding efforts hold valuable lessons for the rest of the world, but gaps remain – https://theconversation.com/kenyas-peacebuilding-efforts-hold-valuable-lessons-for-the-rest-of-the-world-but-gaps-remain-257761

    MIL OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: Why bending over backwards to agree with Donald Trump is a perilous strategy

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Andrew Gawthorpe, Lecturer in History and International Studies, Leiden University

    Donald Trump is a difficult figure to deal with, both for foreign leaders and figures closer to home who find themselves in his crosshairs. The US president is unpredictable, sensitive and willing to break the rules to get his way.

    But in Trump’s second term, a variety of different leaders and institutions seem to have settled on a way to handle him. The key, they seem to think, is flattery. The most obvious example came at the recently concluded Nato summit in The Hague, Netherlands, where world leaders got together to discuss the future of the alliance.

    Previous summits with Trump have descended into recrimination and backbiting. The organisers were determined to avoid a repeat – and decided the best way to do it was to make Trump feel really, really good about himself.

    Even before the summit began, Nato secretary-general Mark Rutte had texted Trump to thank him for his “decisive action” in bombing Iran. This, he said, was something “no one else dared to do”.

    Then, when discussing Trump’s role in ending the war between Israel and Iran, Rutte referred to Trump as “daddy” – a name the White House has already transformed into a meme.

    The summit itself was light on the sort of contentious and detailed policy discussions that have historically bored and angered Trump.

    Instead, it was reduced to a series of photo opportunities and speeches in which other leaders lavished praise on Trump. Lithuania’s president, Gitanas Nausėda, even suggested the alliance ought to copy Trump’s political movement by adopting the phrase “make Nato great again”.

    Nato leaders aren’t the only ones trying this trick. British prime minister Keir Starmer has had a go at it too. Starmer has made sure that Trump will be the first US president to make a second state visit to the UK. He described the honour in Trump-like terms: “This has never happened before. It’s so incredible. It will be historic.”

    After Trump announced global trade tariffs earlier in the year, Starmer was the first leader to give Trump a much-needed victory by reaching a framework trade agreement. But it worked both ways, with Starmer able to land a political victory too.

    In his first term, flattery was also seen as a tool to be used to get Trump onside. Ukraine’s Volodymyr Zelensky tried it in phone conversations with the US president, calling him a “great teacher” from whom he learned “skills and knowledge”.

    Flattery and compliance clearly have their uses. Trump is extremely sensitive to criticism and susceptible to praise, however hyperbolic and transparent it might be. Buttering him up may be an effective way to get him to back off.

    But it doesn’t achieve much else. At the Nato summit, an opportunity was missed to make progress on issues of real importance, such as how to better support Ukraine in its war against Russia or to better coordinate European defence spending.

    A summit dedicated to the sole aim of making Trump feel good is one with very limited aims indeed. All it does is push the difficult decisions forward for another day.

    A missed opportunity

    Individual decisions to bow down to Trump also mean missing the opportunity to mount collective resistance. One country might not be able to stand up to the president, but the odds of doing so would be greatly improved if leaders banded together.

    For example, Trump’s trade tariffs will damage the US economy as well as those of its trading partners. That is especially the case if those partners impose tariffs of their own on US goods.

    If each country instead follows Britain’s lead in the hope of getting the best deal for itself, they will have missed the opportunity to force the president to feel some discomfort of his own – and possibly change course.

    But perhaps the greatest danger of flattering Trump is that it teaches him that he can get away with doing pretty much whatever he likes. For a president who has threatened to annex the territory of Nato allies Denmark and Canada to nevertheless be feted at a Nato summit sends a message of impunity.

    That’s a dangerous lesson for Trump to learn. He has spent much of his second term undermining democratic and liberal norms at home and key tenets of US foreign policy abroad, such as hostility to Russia. He is attempting to undermine all traditional sources of authority and expertise and instead make the world dance to his own tune.

    Given the expansive scope of his aims, which many experts already think is leading to a constitutional crisis that threatens democracy, the willingness to suck up to Trump normalises him in a menacing way.

    When his targets roll over, it sends a message to others that Trump is unstoppable and resistance is futile. It encourages not just the next presidential abuse of power, but also the next surrender from those he chooses to attack.

    Perhaps the best that can be said for this strategy is that maybe it will appease Trump enough to prevent him from doing too much actual harm. But when dealing with such an unpredictable and vindictive president, that is a thin reed of hope.

    It is much more likely to encourage him to press on – until the harm becomes too severe to ignore.

    Andrew Gawthorpe does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Why bending over backwards to agree with Donald Trump is a perilous strategy – https://theconversation.com/why-bending-over-backwards-to-agree-with-donald-trump-is-a-perilous-strategy-259936

    MIL OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: What Danish climate migration drama, Families Like Ours, gets wrong about rising sea levels

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Florian Steig, DPhil Student, Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford

    In the Danish TV drama Families Like Ours, one melancholic line from high-school student Laura captures the emotional toll of climate displacement: “Soon we will vanish like bubbles in a creek.” This seven-part series imagines a near future in which Denmark is being evacuated due to rising sea levels – a government-mandated relocation of an entire population.

    The series challenges the fantasy that wealthy western countries are immune to the far-reaching effects of climate change. Rather than focusing on catastrophic storylines, Families Like Ours portrays the mundane, bureaucratic and affective aspects of relocating a population in anticipation of a creeping crisis: the scramble for visas, the fractures that appear between families, and the inequalities in social and economic capital that shape people’s chances for a new life.

    Yet, the idea that Denmark could soon get submerged is not grounded in science. More worryingly, the narrative of the unavoidable uninhabitability of entire nations and millions of international migrants flooding Europe is misleading, dangerous, and sidelines deeply political questions about adaptation to sea level rise that should be dealt with now.

    The trailer for Families Like Ours.

    Sea levels are rising by a few millimetres a year. That pace is accelerating. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicts that, by 2100, sea levels could rise by up to one metre on average. Beyond 2100, sea levels could rise by several metres, although these long-term scenarios are highly uncertain.

    Even in extreme scenarios, these developments would unfold over several decades and centuries. It’s unlikely that permanent submergence of large areas of land will make Denmark uninhabitable.

    Still, sea level rise poses a serious risk to the livelihoods of millions of people living in coastal zones. In the UK, many homes in Norfolk and Fairbourne, Wales, are already at risk from coastal erosion, for instance.

    These changes are subtle. They do not warrant the evacuation of an entire nation, but degrade coastal livelihoods over time. Houses in high-risk areas like these may become uninsurable, devalued or too risky to live in. This will force people to move.

    In addition, sea level rise makes coastal flooding more likely. In European high-income countries, including Denmark, rising waters already threaten coastal communities. Without adaptation, hundreds of thousands of homes in cities such as Copenhagen could be at risk.

    The danger of mass migration narratives

    However, depicting climate change as a driver of uncontrolled mass migration is misleading. Sea level rise will contribute to coastal migration, and state-led relocation is already a reality especially in Africa and Asia. But climate migration predominantly occurs within countries or regions. International migration from climate change impacts is the exception, not the norm.

    To capture these complexities, some researchers prefer the term “climate mobility”. Mobility can be forced or voluntary, permanent or temporary, even seasonal. Some communities and people resist relocation plans and stay put.

    Families Like Ours reinforces longstanding narratives that frame certain parts of the world as destined to become uninhabitable. Even UN Secretary-General António Guterres warned of a “mass exodus of entire populations on a biblical scale” due to sea level rise.

    As a researcher working on climate adaptation, I notice that sea level rise and climate migration are increasingly discussed at the global level. Discussions focus, for example, on the protection of affected populations and continued statehood of nations after their potential submergence. A new global alliance of cities and regions tackling sea level rise called the Ocean Rise & Coastal Resilience Coalition considers a “managed retreat” not only as inevitable but as a rational and desirable adaptation pathway for many cities and regions.

    Scientists have warned that creative storylines highlighting the “uninhabitability” of low-lying countries and regions, such as the Pacific, are not helpful. The mass migration narrative can be used by governments to justify extreme protectionist action and sideline urgent adaptation debates.

    States are not helpless in the face of sea level rise and submergence is not inevitable. As geographer Carol Farbotko and colleagues suggest, “habitability is mediated by human actions and is not a direct consequence of environmental change”. People often develop their own ways of living with rising waters, resisting narratives of submergence. State-led adaptation is possible, but depends on finance, which is unequally distributed.

    People’s migration decisions can seldomly be attributed to just climate impact. A community’s capacity to respond hinges on social, political, economic and demographic factors. Adaptation measures are costly. This raises deeply political questions over who gets to be protected, who is left behind, and how managed retreat can benefit the most affected people and places in a fair way. We need to overcome mass migration myths and start a serious and justice-focused debate about the future of our shorelines.

    Don’t have time to read about climate change as much as you’d like?

    Get a weekly roundup in your inbox instead. Every Wednesday, The Conversation’s environment editor writes Imagine, a short email that goes a little deeper into just one climate issue. Join the 45,000+ readers who’ve subscribed so far.

    Florian Steig receives funding from the German Academic Scholarship Foundation (Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes).

    – ref. What Danish climate migration drama, Families Like Ours, gets wrong about rising sea levels – https://theconversation.com/what-danish-climate-migration-drama-families-like-ours-gets-wrong-about-rising-sea-levels-259234

    MIL OSI –

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: How good are South African kids at maths? Trends from a global study

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By Vijay Reddy, Distinguished Research Specialist, Human Sciences Research Council

    School mathematics in South Africa is often seen as a sign of the health of the education system more generally. Under the racial laws of apartheid, until 1994, African people were severely restricted from learning maths. Tracking the changes in maths performance is a measure of how far the country has travelled in overcoming past injustices. Maths is also an essential foundation for meeting the challenges of the future, like artificial intelligence, climate change, energy and sustainable development.

    Here, education researcher Vijay Reddy takes stock of South Africa’s mathematical capabilities. She reports on South African maths performance at grades 5 (primary school) and 9 (secondary school) in the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) and examines the gender gaps in mathematics achievement.

    What was unusual about the latest TIMSS study?

    The study is conducted every four years. South Africa has participated in it at the secondary phase since 1995 and at the primary phase since 2015. The period between the 2019 and 2023 cycles was characterised by the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, social distancing and school closures.

    The Department of Basic Education estimated that an average of 152 school contact days were lost in 2020 and 2021. South Africa was among the countries with the highest school closures, along with Colombia, Costa Rica and Brazil. At the other end, European countries lost fewer than 50 days.

    Some academics measured the extent of learning losses for 2020 and 2021 school closures, but there were no models to estimate subsequent learning losses. We can get some clues of the effects on learning over four years, by comparing patterns within South Africa against the other countries.



    Read more:
    COVID learning losses: what South Africa’s education system must focus on to recover

    How did South African learners (and others) perform in the maths study?

    The South African grade 9 mathematics achievement improved by 8 points from 389 in TIMSS 2019 to 397 in 2023. From the trends to TIMSS 2019, we had predicted a mathematics score of 403 in 2023.

    For the 33 countries that participated in both the 2019 and 2023 secondary school TIMSS cycles, the average achievement decreased by 9 points from 491 in 2019 to 482 to 2023. Only three countries showed significant increases (United Arab Emirates, Romania and Sweden). There were no significant changes in 16 countries (including South Africa). There were significant decreases in 14 countries.

    Based on these numbers, it would seem, on the face of it at least, that South Africa weathered the COVID-19 losses better than half the other countries.

    However, the primary school result patterns were different. For South African children, there was a significant drop in mathematics achievement by 12 points, from 374 in 2019 to 362 in 2023. As expected, the highest decreases were in the poorer, no-fee schools.

    Of the 51 countries that participated in both TIMSS 2019 and 2023, the average mathematics achievement score over the two cycles was similar. There were no significant achievement changes in 22 countries, a significant increase in 15 countries, and a significant decrease in 14 countries (including South Africa).

    So, it seems that South African primary school learners suffered adverse learning effects over the two cycles.

    The increase in achievement in secondary school and decrease in primary school was unexpected. These reasons for the results may be that secondary school learners experienced more school support compared with primary schools, or were more mature and resilient, enabling them to recover from the learning losses experienced during COVID-19. Learners in primary schools, especially poorer schools, may have been more affected by the loss of school contact time and had less support to fully recover during this time.

    This pattern may also be due to poor reading and language skills as well as lack of familiarity with this type of test.

    Does gender make a difference?

    There is an extant literature indicating that globally boys are more likely to outperform girls in maths performance.

    But in South African primary schools, girls outscore boys in both mathematics and reading. Girls significantly outscored boys by an average of 29 points for mathematics (TIMSS) and by 49 points for reading in the 2021 Progress in International Reading Study, PIRLS.

    These patterns need further exploration. Of the 58 countries participating in TIMSS at primary schools, boys significantly outscored girls in 40 countries, and there were no achievement differences in 17 countries. South Africa was the only country where the girls significantly outscored boys. In Kenya, Zimbabwe, Zambia and Mozambique, the Southern and Eastern Africa Consortium for Monitoring Educational Quality (SEACMEQ) reading scores are similar for girls and boys, while the boys outscore girls in mathematics. In Botswana, girls outscore boys in reading and mathematics, but the gender difference is much smaller.

    In secondary schools, girls continue to outscore boys, but the gap drops to 8 points. Of the 42 TIMSS countries, boys significantly outscored girls in maths in 21 countries; there were no significant difference in 17 countries; and girls significantly outscored boys in only four countries (South Africa, Palestine, Oman, Bahrain).

    In summary, the South African primary school achievement trend relative to secondary school is unexpected and requires further investigation. It seems that as South African learners get older, they acquire better skills in how to learn, read and take tests to achieve better results. Results from lower grades should be used cautiously to predict subsequent educational outcomes.

    Unusually, in primary schools, there is a big gender difference for mathematics achievement favouring girls. The gender difference persists to grade 9, but the extent of the difference decreases. As learners, especially boys, progress through their education system they seem to make up their learning shortcomings and catch up.

    The national mathematics picture would look much better if boys and girls performed at the same level from primary school, suggesting the importance of interventions in primary schools, especially focusing on boys.

    Vijay Reddy received funding from the Department of Science, Technology and Innovation and Department of Basic Education.

    – ref. How good are South African kids at maths? Trends from a global study – https://theconversation.com/how-good-are-south-african-kids-at-maths-trends-from-a-global-study-251490

    MIL OSI –

  • Which countries are quitting a key landmine treaty and why?

    Source: Government of India

    Source: Government of India (4)

    Ukraine has joined other countries bordering Russia in signalling that it will withdraw from the Ottawa Convention banning anti-personnel landmines, in the face of what they say are growing military threats from Russia.

    NATO members Finland, Poland and the three ex-Soviet Baltic states – Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania – have either withdrawn from the convention or indicated that they would do so, citing the increased military danger from their neighbour.

    The moves threaten to reverse decades of campaigning by activists who say there should be a global ban on a weapon that blights huge swathes of territory and maims and kills civilians long after conflicts have abated.

    Countries that quit the 1997 treaty – one of a series of international agreements concluded after the end of the Cold War to encourage global disarmament – will be able to start producing, using, stockpiling and transferring landmines once again.

    COUNTRIES EXITING

    All European countries bordering Russia have announced plans to quit the global treaty,apart from Norway which has only a 200 km (125 mile) border with Russia in its remote Arctic far north, andsaid it was important to maintain stigma around landmines.

    Ukraine’s President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said on Sunday that he had signed a decree to pull Ukraine out of the Convention because Russia has used anti-personnel mines extensively in parts of Ukraine during the 40-month-old war.

    Anti-personnel mines, Zelenskiy said, are “often the instrument for which nothing can be substituted for defence purposes”.

    Some European countries have said they fear that Russia could use any pause in fighting to re-arm and target them.

    Officials have suggested a withdrawal could put them on more of an equal footing with Russia which has not signed or ratified the treaty. Other major powers that have not signed include the United States and China.

    U.N. Secretary General Antonio Guterres in mid-June raised grave concerns about recent withdrawal announcements, and urged all states to adhere to existing treaties and immediately halt any steps towards their withdrawal.

    FUNDING CUTS

    As countries quit the convention, global demining efforts are also backsliding amid “crippling” U.S. funding cuts under President Donald Trump, according to the International Campaign to Ban Landmines. Washington had provided more than $300 million a year, or 40% of total international support for removing mines, according to the Landmine Monitor report in 2024.

    A State Department official said in March it had restarted some global humanitarian demining programmes and activities, without giving details. It has previously run major programmes in Iraq, Afghanistan and Laos.

    Anti-personnel landmines are generally hidden in the ground and designed to detonate automatically when someone steps on them or passes nearby. More than 80% of mine victims are civilians, according to the International Committee of the Red Cross.

    The convention includes provisions to assist victims, many of whom have lost limbs and suffer from other permanent disabilities.

    In June 2025 the U.N. reported that Ukraine had become the most mined country in the world. It said there had been around 800 civilian casualties due to unexploded ordnance.

    (Reuters)

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: UN Human Rights Council 59: Joint Statement on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in the Context of Climate Change

    Source: United Kingdom – Government Statements

    World news story

    UN Human Rights Council 59: Joint Statement on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in the Context of Climate Change

    Joint Statement for the Interactive Dialogue with the Special Rapporteur on the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights in the Context of Climate Change. Delivered at the 59th HRC in Geneva.

    Thank you Mr President.

    Austria, Canada, Colombia, Cyprus, Finland, France, Germany, the Marshall Islands, the Netherlands, Panama, and the United Kingdom thank the Special Rapporteur for her report.

    Climate change and environmental degradation pose a risk to the lives and wellbeing of individuals and communities across the world, especially the most marginalised. This is compounded by the impacts of the fossil fuel life cycle.

    3.5 billion people now live in contexts highly vulnerable to climate change. Rapid and enduring action must be taken to safeguard the full enjoyment of human rights for individuals both now and in the future.

    As per the first Global Stocktake of the Paris Agreement adopted at COP28, advancing the transition away from fossil fuels is crucial.

    It deserves mention in this session’s human rights and climate change resolution. 

    We will continue to demonstrate leadership, including through the Global Clean Power Alliance Initiative, and our ambitious and credible 2035 NDC targets. 

    Environmental defenders and Indigenous Peoples are vital stewards of nature. We support their meaningful participation and leadership in climate action.

    Special Rapporteur, what more can states do to build global consensus and advance the transition away from fossil fuels? 

    Thank you.

    Updates to this page

    Published 30 June 2025

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Federal Councillor Guy Parmelin signs free trade agreement with Thailand

    Source: Switzerland – Department of Foreign Affairs in English

    On 23 January on the margins of the WEF Annual Meeting in Davos, Federal Councillor Guy Parmelin and representatives of Switzerland’s fellow EFTA states Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway signed a free trade agreement with Thailand, represented by Pichai Naripthaphan, Thailand’s Minister of Commerce. Prime Minister Paetongtarn Shinawatra was also present at the signing ceremony.

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Federal Councillor Guy Parmelin signs free trade agreement with Kosovo

    Source: Switzerland – Department of Foreign Affairs in English

    On 22 January on the margins of the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting in Davos, Federal Councillor Guy Parmelin and representatives of Switzerland’s fellow EFTA states Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway signed a free trade agreement with Kosovo, represented by Rozeta Hajdari, Minister of Industry, Entrepreneurship and Trade. Prime Minister Albin Kurti was also present at the signing ceremony.

    MIL OSI Europe News –

  • MIL-OSI Submissions: 50 years after ‘Jaws,’ researchers have retired the man-eater myth and revealed more about sharks’ amazing biology

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Gareth J. Fraser, Associate Professor of Evolutionary Developmental Biology, University of Florida

    The shark in ‘Jaws’ became a terrifying icon. Universal Pictures via Getty Images

    The summer of 1975 was the summer of “Jaws.”

    The movie was adapted from a novel by Peter Benchley.
    Universal History Archive/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

    The first blockbuster movie sent waves of panic and awe through audiences. “Jaws” – the tale of a killer great white shark that terrorizes a coastal tourist town – captured people’s imaginations and simultaneously created a widespread fear of the water.

    To call Steven Spielberg’s masterpiece a creature feature is trite. Because the shark isn’t shown for most of the movie – mechanical difficulties meant production didn’t have one ready to use until later in the filming process – suspense and fear build. The movie unlocked in viewers an innate fear of the unknown, encouraging the idea that monsters lurk beneath the ocean’s surface, even in the shallows.

    And because in 1975 marine scientists knew far less than we do now about sharks and their world, it was easy for the myth of the rogue shark as a murderous eating machine to take hold, along with the assumption that all sharks must be bloodthirsty, mindless killers.

    People lined up to get scared by the murderous shark at the center of the ‘Jaws’ movie.
    Bettmann Archive via Getty Images

    But in addition to scaring many moviegoers that “it’s not safe to go in the water,” “Jaws” has over the years inspired generations of researchers, including me. The scientific curiosity sparked by this horror fish flick has helped reveal so much more about what lies beneath the waves than was known 50 years ago. My own research focuses on the secret lives of sharks, their evolution and development, and how people can benefit from the study of these enigmatic animals.

    The business end of sharks: Their jaws and teeth

    My own work has focused on perhaps the most terrifying aspect of these apex predators, the jaws and teeth. I study the development of shark teeth in embryos.

    Small-spotted catshark embryo (Scyliorhinus canicula), still attached to the yolk sac. This is the stage when the teeth begin developing.
    Ella Nicklin, Fraser Lab, University of Florida

    Sharks continue to make an unlimited supply of tooth replacements throughout life – it’s how they keep their bite constantly sharp.

    Hard-shelled prey, such as mollusks and crustaceans, from sandy substrates can be more abrasive for teeth, requiring quicker replacement. Depending on the water temperature, the conveyor belt-like renewal of an entire row of teeth can take between nine and 70 days, for example, in nurse sharks, or much longer in larger sharks. In the great white, a full-row replacement can take an estimated 250 days. That’s still an advantage over humans – we never regrow damaged or worn-out adult teeth.

    Magnified microscope image of a zebra shark (Stegostoma tigrinum) jaw. They have 20 to 30 rows of teeth in each jaw, each a new generation ready to move into position like on a conveyor belt. Humans have only two sets!
    Gareth Fraser, University of Florida

    Interestingly, shark teeth are much like our own, developing from equivalent cells, patterned by the same genes, creating the same hard tissues, enamel and dentin. Sharks could potentially teach researchers how to master the process of tooth renewal. It would be huge for dentistry if scientists could use sharks to figure out how to engineer a new generation of teeth for human patients.

    Extraordinary fish with extraordinary biology

    As a group, sharks and their cartilaginous fish relatives – including skates, rays and chimaeras – are evolutionary relics that have inhabited the Earth’s oceans for over 400 million years. They’ve been around since long before human beings and most of the other animals on our planet today hit the scene, even before dinosaurs emerged.

    Sharks have a vast array of super powers that scientists have only recently discovered.

    Their electroreceptive pores, located around the head and jaws, have amazing sensory capabilities, allowing sharks to detect weak electrical fields emitted from hidden prey.

    CT scan of the head of a small-spotted catshark (Scyliorhinus canicula) as it hatches. Skin denticles cover the surface, and colored rows of teeth are present on the jaws.
    Ella Nicklin, Fraser Lab, University of Florida

    Their skin is protected with an armor of tiny teeth, called dermal denticles, composed of sensitive dentin, that also allows for better drag-reducing hydrodynamics. Biologists and engineers are also using this “shark skin technology” to design hydrodynamic and aerodynamic solutions for future fuel-efficient vehicles.

    Fluorescent skin of the chain catshark (Scyliorhinus retifer).
    Gareth Fraser, University of Florida

    Some sharks are biofluorescent, meaning they emit light in different wavelengths after absorbing natural blue light. This emitted fluorescent color pattern suggests visual communication and recognition among members of the same species is possible in the dark depths.

    Sharks can migrate across huge global distances. For example, a silky shark was recorded traveling 17,000 miles (over 27,000 kilometers) over a year and a half. Hammerhead sharks can even home in on the Earth’s magnetic field to help them navigate.

    Greenland sharks exhibit a lengthy aging process and live for hundreds of years. Scientists estimated that one individual was 392 years old, give or take 120 years.

    Still much about sharks remains mysterious. We know little about their breeding habits and locations of their nursery grounds. Conservation efforts are beginning to target the identification of shark nurseries as a way to manage and protect fragile populations.

    Tagging programs and their “follow the shark” apps allow researchers to learn more about these animals’ lives and where they roam – highlighting the benefit of international collaboration and public engagement for conserving threatened shark populations.

    Sharks under attack

    Sharks are an incredible evolutionary success story. But they’re also vulnerable in the modern age of human-ocean interactions.

    Sharks are an afterthought for the commercial fishing industry, but overfishing of other species can cause dramatic crashes in shark populations. Their late age of sexual maturity – as old as 15 to 20 years or more in larger species or potentially 150 years in Greenland sharks – along with slow growth, long gestation periods and complex social structures make shark populations fragile and less capable of quick recoveries.

    Take the white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), for example – Jaws’ own species. Trophy hunting, trade in their body parts and commercial fishery impacts caused their numbers to dwindle. As a result, they received essential protections at the international level. In turn, their numbers have rebounded, especially around the United States, leading to a shift from critically endangered to vulnerable status worldwide. However, they remain critically endangered in Europe and the Mediterranean.

    Protections and conservation measures have helped white sharks make a comeback.
    Dave Fleetham/Design Pics Editorial/Universal Images Group via Getty Images

    “Jaws” was filmed on the island of Martha’s Vineyard, in Massachusetts. After careful management and the designation of white sharks as a prohibited species in federal waters in 1997 and in Massachusetts in 2005, their populations have recovered well over recent years in response to more seals in the area and recovering fish stocks.

    You might assume more sharks would mean more attacks, but that is not what we observe. Shark attacks have always been few and far between in Massachusetts and elsewhere, and they remain rare. It’s only a “Jaws”-perpetuated myth that sharks have a taste for humans. Sure, they might mistake a person for prey; for instance, surfers and swimmers can mimic the appearance of seals at the surface. Sharks in murky water might opportunistically take a test bite of what seem to be prey.

    But these attacks are rare enough that people can shed their “Jaws”-driven irrational fears of sharks. Almost all sharks are timid, and the likelihood of an interaction – let alone a negative one – is incredibly rare. Importantly, there more than 500 species of sharks in the world’s oceans, each one a unique member of a particular ecosystem with a vital role. Sharks come in all shapes and sizes, and inhabit every ocean, both the shallow and deep-end ecosystems.

    Most recorded human-shark interactions are awe-inspiring and not terrifying. Sharks don’t really care about people – at most they may be curious, but not hungry for human flesh. Whether or not “Jaws” fans have grown beyond the fear of movie monster sharks, we’re gonna need a bigger conservation effort to continue to protect these important ocean guardians.

    Gareth J. Fraser receives funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF).

    – ref. 50 years after ‘Jaws,’ researchers have retired the man-eater myth and revealed more about sharks’ amazing biology – https://theconversation.com/50-years-after-jaws-researchers-have-retired-the-man-eater-myth-and-revealed-more-about-sharks-amazing-biology-258151

    MIL OSI –

  • MIL-OSI: Ophævelse af suspension

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Det skal oplyses, at suspension af nedenstående afdeling nu er ophævet, som følge af fusion, hvorfor det igen er muligt at handle i afdelingen.

    ISIN DK0010265693
    Afdeling European Stars KL

    Med venlig hilsen
    Nordea Fund Management, filial af Nordea Funds Oy, Finland

    Rasmus Eske Bruun
    Filialbestyrer

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: Ombytningsforhold ved fusion

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    På den ordinære generalforsamling i Investeringsforeningen Nordea Invest afholdt den 7. april 2025 blev det besluttet at fusionere European Small Cap Stars KL ind i European Stars KL.

    Sammenlægningen af andele sker på baggrund af sidste indre værdi den 26.06.25

    Ophørende fond Indre værdi Fortsættende afdeling Indre værdi Ombytningsforhold
    European Small Cap Stars KL (DK0015960983) 155,954653 European Stars KL (DK0010265693) 96,987542 1,6079864463

    Hvis de ophørende investeringsbeviser ikke kan ombyttes til et helt antal investeringsbeviser i den fortsættende afdeling vil disse fraktioner af andele umiddelbart efter fusionen blive kompenseret kontant og indsat på den afkastkonto, der er tilknyttet depotet. Fusionen har ikke skattemæssige konsekvenser.

    Investeringsbeviserne i den ophørende afdeling udtages af medlemmernes depot og samtidig indlægges de modtagne beviser i den fortsættende afdeling.

    Med venlig hilsen

    Nordea Fund Management, filial af Nordea Funds Oy, Finland

    Rasmus Eske Bruun

    Filialbestyrer

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: Sydbank A/S share buyback programme: transactions in week 26

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Company Announcement No 29/2025

    		 Peberlyk 4
    6200 Aabenraa
    Denmark

    Tel +45 74 37 37 37
    Fax +45 74 37 35 36

    Sydbank A/S
    CVR No DK 12626509, Aabenraa
    sydbank.dk
    30 June 2025  

    Dear Sirs

    Sydbank A/S share buyback programme: transactions in week 26
    On 26 February 2025 Sydbank A/S announced a share buyback programme of DKK 1,350m. The share buyback programme commenced on 3 March 2025 and will be completed by 31 January 2026.

    The purpose of the share buyback programme is to reduce the share capital of Sydbank A/S and the programme is executed in compliance with the provisions of Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 and Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1052 of 8 March 2016, collectively referred to as the Safe Harbour rules.

    The following transactions have been made under the share buyback programme:

      Number of shares VWAP Gross value (DKK)
    Accumulated, most recent
    Announcement

    1,093,000

    		  

    462,805,840.00
    23 June 2025
    24 June 2025
    25 June 2025
    26 June 2025
    27 June 2025    		 14,000
    12,000
    12,000
    12,000
    6,000    		 431.21
    438.28
    437.46
    437.72
    461.20    		 6,036,940.00
    5,259,360.00
    5,249,520.00
    5,252,640.00
    2,767,200.00
    Total over week 26 56,000   24,565,660.00
    Total accumulated during the
    share buyback programme

    1,149,000

    		  

    487,371,500.00

    All transactions were made under ISIN DK 0010311471 and effected by Danske Bank A/S on behalf of Sydbank A/S.

    Further information about the transactions, cf Article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council on market abuse and Commission delegated regulation, is available in the attachment.

    Following the above transactions, Sydbank A/S holds a total of 1,149,222 own shares, equal to 2.24 % of the Bank’s share capital.

    Yours sincerely
            
    Mark Luscombe        Jørn Adam Møller
    CEO        Deputy Group Chief Executive

    Attachment

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: Nokia signs revolving credit facility with its pricing mechanism linked to the company’s sustainability targets

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Press Release
    Nokia signs revolving credit facility with its pricing mechanism linked to the company’s sustainability targets

    • Nokia’s financing strategy maintains steadfast link with its sustainability strategy with EUR 1.5 billion multicurrency revolving credit facility.
    • New facility builds on previous work in this area including sustainability-linked guarantee facility and sustainable finance framework.
    • Pricing mechanism linked to reduction of Nokia’s Scope 1, 2 and 3 greenhouse gas emissions.

    26 June 2025
    Espoo, Finland – Nokia announced today the recent signing of a EUR 1.5 billion five-year multicurrency revolving credit facility (“RCF”) with two one-year extension options, and continues with a sustainability pricing mechanism linking the margin of the RCF to two key RCF sustainability targets outlined below. The margin of the RCF will increase or decrease depending on Nokia’s progress towards reaching these targets. The new RCF will replace the EUR 1,412 million RCF agreement dated 18 June 2019.

    Nokia’s key RCF sustainability targets include annual target observation periods and dates, with RCF pricing adjustments impacting the following year:
    Reduction of absolute Scope 1 and 2 greenhouse gas emissions (“GHG”)
    Reduction of absolute Scope 3 GHG emissions.

    Nokia’s financing strategy is linked to its sustainability strategy and today’s announcement builds on previous sustainable finance activities. These activities include linking the margin of Nokia’s revolving credit facility to Nokia’s sustainability targets in 2019, Nokia’s first sustainability-linked guarantee facility in 2022, as well as the launch of Nokia’s sustainable finance framework in 2023.

    Nokia is committed to reducing its Scope 1, 2 and 3 GHG emissions. Nokia has a Net-Zero target of 2040 which is approved by the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi), ensuring that Nokia’s greenhouse gas emissions targets and paths towards those targets are independently validated.

    Further information on the detailed operational approach Nokia has taken to reducing GHG emissions can be found in the Net-Zero climate transition plan detailing Nokia’s commitments and targets as well as the actions being taken to decarbonize in selected scopes. In March 2025, Nokia published its 2024 Annual Sustainability Statement, prepared for the first time in accordance with the provisions of the newly applicable EU Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive and with the requirements of the European Sustainability Reporting Standards.

    “We’re delighted with the strong support and commitment from our key banking partners in this refinancing transaction that connects our financing strategy with our sustainability priorities,” said Marco Wirén, Chief Financial Officer, Nokia.

    “Nokia’s sustainability approach is centered on protecting and creating value for our company, and our stakeholders. We are committed to our climate transition plan, which is built to deliver efficiency and innovations in our value chain. Continuing to link the pricing of the revolving credit facility to our science-based climate goals is a strong step forward demonstrating our commitment to our sustainability targets,” said Subho Mukherjee, Vice President of Sustainability, Nokia.

    Resources and additional information
    Web Page: Nokia Sustainability
    Web Page: Nokia’s journey to Net-Zero
    Statement: Sustainability Statement

    About Nokia                         
    At Nokia, we create technology that helps the world act together.

    As a B2B technology innovation leader, we are pioneering networks that sense, think and act by leveraging our work across mobile, fixed and cloud networks. In addition, we create value with intellectual property and long-term research, led by the award-winning Nokia Bell Labs.

    With truly open architectures that seamlessly integrate into any ecosystem, our high-performance networks create new opportunities for monetization and scale. Service providers, enterprises and partners worldwide trust Nokia to deliver secure, reliable and sustainable networks today – and work with us to create the digital services and applications of the future.

    Media inquiries
    Nokia Press Office
    Email: press.services@nokia.com

    Follow us on social media
    LinkedIn X Instagram Facebook YouTube

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: Nokia signs revolving credit facility with its pricing mechanism linked to the company’s sustainability targets

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Press Release
    Nokia signs revolving credit facility with its pricing mechanism linked to the company’s sustainability targets

    • Nokia’s financing strategy maintains steadfast link with its sustainability strategy with EUR 1.5 billion multicurrency revolving credit facility.
    • New facility builds on previous work in this area including sustainability-linked guarantee facility and sustainable finance framework.
    • Pricing mechanism linked to reduction of Nokia’s Scope 1, 2 and 3 greenhouse gas emissions.

    26 June 2025
    Espoo, Finland – Nokia announced today the recent signing of a EUR 1.5 billion five-year multicurrency revolving credit facility (“RCF”) with two one-year extension options, and continues with a sustainability pricing mechanism linking the margin of the RCF to two key RCF sustainability targets outlined below. The margin of the RCF will increase or decrease depending on Nokia’s progress towards reaching these targets. The new RCF will replace the EUR 1,412 million RCF agreement dated 18 June 2019.

    Nokia’s key RCF sustainability targets include annual target observation periods and dates, with RCF pricing adjustments impacting the following year:
    Reduction of absolute Scope 1 and 2 greenhouse gas emissions (“GHG”)
    Reduction of absolute Scope 3 GHG emissions.

    Nokia’s financing strategy is linked to its sustainability strategy and today’s announcement builds on previous sustainable finance activities. These activities include linking the margin of Nokia’s revolving credit facility to Nokia’s sustainability targets in 2019, Nokia’s first sustainability-linked guarantee facility in 2022, as well as the launch of Nokia’s sustainable finance framework in 2023.

    Nokia is committed to reducing its Scope 1, 2 and 3 GHG emissions. Nokia has a Net-Zero target of 2040 which is approved by the Science Based Targets initiative (SBTi), ensuring that Nokia’s greenhouse gas emissions targets and paths towards those targets are independently validated.

    Further information on the detailed operational approach Nokia has taken to reducing GHG emissions can be found in the Net-Zero climate transition plan detailing Nokia’s commitments and targets as well as the actions being taken to decarbonize in selected scopes. In March 2025, Nokia published its 2024 Annual Sustainability Statement, prepared for the first time in accordance with the provisions of the newly applicable EU Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive and with the requirements of the European Sustainability Reporting Standards.

    “We’re delighted with the strong support and commitment from our key banking partners in this refinancing transaction that connects our financing strategy with our sustainability priorities,” said Marco Wirén, Chief Financial Officer, Nokia.

    “Nokia’s sustainability approach is centered on protecting and creating value for our company, and our stakeholders. We are committed to our climate transition plan, which is built to deliver efficiency and innovations in our value chain. Continuing to link the pricing of the revolving credit facility to our science-based climate goals is a strong step forward demonstrating our commitment to our sustainability targets,” said Subho Mukherjee, Vice President of Sustainability, Nokia.

    Resources and additional information
    Web Page: Nokia Sustainability
    Web Page: Nokia’s journey to Net-Zero
    Statement: Sustainability Statement

    About Nokia                         
    At Nokia, we create technology that helps the world act together.

    As a B2B technology innovation leader, we are pioneering networks that sense, think and act by leveraging our work across mobile, fixed and cloud networks. In addition, we create value with intellectual property and long-term research, led by the award-winning Nokia Bell Labs.

    With truly open architectures that seamlessly integrate into any ecosystem, our high-performance networks create new opportunities for monetization and scale. Service providers, enterprises and partners worldwide trust Nokia to deliver secure, reliable and sustainable networks today – and work with us to create the digital services and applications of the future.

    Media inquiries
    Nokia Press Office
    Email: press.services@nokia.com

    Follow us on social media
    LinkedIn X Instagram Facebook YouTube

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: Columbus – launch of share buyback programme under the “Safe Harbour” Regulation

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Company announcement no. 8/2025

    The Board of Directors in Columbus A/S has decided to initiate a share buyback programme for a total amount of up to 
    DKK 16m. The authority to buy back shares was granted at the company’s Annual General Meeting held on 29 April 2025, allowing for share buyback of up to 10% of the share capital in the period until 29 October 2026 (18 months from the date of the General Meeting).

    Purpose
    The purpose of the share buyback programme is to reduce the Company’s share capital and to hedge obligations under share-based incentive schemes. At the next Annual General Meeting in April 2026, the Board intends to propose a cancellation of shares acquired under the programme, unless such shares are used to meet obligations under share-based incentive schemes.

    Timeline
    The share buyback programme will run from 30 June 2025 until 11 March 2026 at the latest, both days included. During this period, Columbus A/S may buy back shares for a total amount of up to DKK 16m in accordance with article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 (MAR) and Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1052, which together with MAR constitutes the ‘Safe Harbour’ Regulation.

    Terms of the share buyback

    • Columbus A/S has appointed Nordea Danmark, Filial af Nordea Bank Abp, Finland as lead manager to execute the buyback independently and without any influence from Columbus A/S, and within the parameters set out in this announcement.
    • A maximum of 1.6 million shares may be acquired under the buyback programme, corresponding to 1.24% of the current share capital of Columbus A/S.
    • Shares may not be acquired at a price deviating by more than 10% from the most recently quoted market price of the shares on Nasdaq Copenhagen at the time of acquisition.
    • The share purchase price may not exceed the price of the last registered independent trade or the price of the highest independent bid on the trading venue.
    • The maximum number of shares that may be acquired on any single trading day may not exceed 25% of the average daily trading volume of Columbus A/S shares on the relevant trading venue. The average daily volume figure must be based on the average daily volume traded in the 20 trading days preceding the date of purchase.

    A company announcement will be published weekly throughout the duration of the programme with details of transactions executed under the programme.

    Ib Kunøe                        Søren Krogh Knudsen
    Chairman of the Board                CEO & President

    For further information, please contact:
    CEO & President, Søren Krogh Knudsen, +45 70 20 50 00

    Attachment

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: Columbus – launch of share buyback programme under the “Safe Harbour” Regulation

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Company announcement no. 8/2025

    The Board of Directors in Columbus A/S has decided to initiate a share buyback programme for a total amount of up to 
    DKK 16m. The authority to buy back shares was granted at the company’s Annual General Meeting held on 29 April 2025, allowing for share buyback of up to 10% of the share capital in the period until 29 October 2026 (18 months from the date of the General Meeting).

    Purpose
    The purpose of the share buyback programme is to reduce the Company’s share capital and to hedge obligations under share-based incentive schemes. At the next Annual General Meeting in April 2026, the Board intends to propose a cancellation of shares acquired under the programme, unless such shares are used to meet obligations under share-based incentive schemes.

    Timeline
    The share buyback programme will run from 30 June 2025 until 11 March 2026 at the latest, both days included. During this period, Columbus A/S may buy back shares for a total amount of up to DKK 16m in accordance with article 5 of Regulation (EU) No 596/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 April 2014 (MAR) and Commission Delegated Regulation (EU) 2016/1052, which together with MAR constitutes the ‘Safe Harbour’ Regulation.

    Terms of the share buyback

    • Columbus A/S has appointed Nordea Danmark, Filial af Nordea Bank Abp, Finland as lead manager to execute the buyback independently and without any influence from Columbus A/S, and within the parameters set out in this announcement.
    • A maximum of 1.6 million shares may be acquired under the buyback programme, corresponding to 1.24% of the current share capital of Columbus A/S.
    • Shares may not be acquired at a price deviating by more than 10% from the most recently quoted market price of the shares on Nasdaq Copenhagen at the time of acquisition.
    • The share purchase price may not exceed the price of the last registered independent trade or the price of the highest independent bid on the trading venue.
    • The maximum number of shares that may be acquired on any single trading day may not exceed 25% of the average daily trading volume of Columbus A/S shares on the relevant trading venue. The average daily volume figure must be based on the average daily volume traded in the 20 trading days preceding the date of purchase.

    A company announcement will be published weekly throughout the duration of the programme with details of transactions executed under the programme.

    Ib Kunøe                        Søren Krogh Knudsen
    Chairman of the Board                CEO & President

    For further information, please contact:
    CEO & President, Søren Krogh Knudsen, +45 70 20 50 00

    Attachment

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: Notice of Digitalist Group Plc’s Extraordinary General Meeting

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Digitalist Group Plc                                                                 30 June 2025 at 09:00                       

               

    NOTICE OF DIGITALIST GROUP PLC’S EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL MEETING

    Notice is given to the shareholders of Digitalist Group Plc (“Company”) of the Extraordinary General Meeting to be held on Wednesday 13 August 2025 at 10 a.m. at the address Siltasaarenkatu 18-20 C, 00530 Helsinki, Finland. The reception of persons who have registered for the meeting and the distribution of voting tickets will commence at 9.15 a.m. Coffee will be served before the meeting to participants in the meeting.

    A. MATTERS ON THE AGENDA OF THE EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL MEETING

    The following matters will be considered at the Extraordinary General Meeting:

    1. Opening of the meeting
    1. Calling the meeting to order
    1. Election of persons to scrutinise the minutes and to supervise the counting of votes
    1. Recording the legality of the meeting
    1. Recording the attendance at the meeting and adoption of the list of votes
    1. Share consolidation and the related free directed share issue and redemption of shares

    The Board of Directors proposes to the Extraordinary General Meeting that the Extraordinary General Meeting resolve on the consolidation of the Company’s shares, meaning a reduction in the number of shares. The arrangement is proposed to be implemented through a free directed share issue by transferring the Company’s own shares held in treasury without consideration, and by redeeming the Company’s shares without consideration, so that after the measures proposed herein, each current 250 shares of the Company would correspond to one (1) share in the Company. The current total number of shares in the Company is 693,430,455.

    The objective of the share consolidation is to improve the trading conditions of the Company’s shares by increasing the value per share and improving the price formation of the share. It would not be possible to implement the share redemption required for the consolidation with a sufficiently high redemption ratio without the simultaneous free share issue. The Board considers that the share consolidation is in the best interests of the Company and all its shareholders and that there is thus a particularly weighty financial reason from the Company’s perspective and considering the interests of all shareholders for the consolidation and the related share issue and redemption. The arrangement will not affect the Company’s equity.

    To avoid the creation of fractional shares, the Board proposes that as part of the share consolidation, the Company will transfer its own shares held in treasury without consideration through a directed free share issue in such a way that the number of shares recorded on each book-entry account holding Digitalist Group Plc’s shares on the consolidation date (“Consolidation Date”) will be made divisible by 250. The theoretical maximum number of own shares to be transferred will be calculated by multiplying the total number of such book-entry accounts on the Consolidation Date by 249. Based on an estimate made at the time of the notice to the Extraordinary General Meeting, the theoretical maximum number of shares to be transferred in the directed free share issue would be approximately 1,650,000 shares held by the Company, but to ensure the execution of the share consolidation arrangement, the maximum number of own shares to be transferred in the share issue is proposed to be 4,850,000 shares. The Board is authorized to decide on all other matters related to the transfer of own shares without consideration.

    Simultaneously with the aforementioned transfer of the Company’s shares, the Company will redeem from each shareholder’s book-entry account on the Consolidation Date without consideration a number of shares determined by multiplying the number of shares on each book-entry account by the factor 249/250 (the “Redemption Ratio”). Thus, for every 250 Company shares, 249 Company shares will be redeemed. Based on the situation on the date of the General Meeting notice, the number of shares to be redeemed would be approximately 691,500,000 shares. The Board is authorized to decide on all other matters relating to the redemption of shares. The shares redeemed in connection with the share consolidation will be cancelled immediately upon redemption and will not increase the number of the Company’s own shares held in treasury. Additionally, in connection with the consolidation, a number of the Company’s own treasury shares will be cancelled so that the number of own shares held by the Company and the total number of shares in the Company will both become divisible by 250, and the number of treasury shares will decrease proportionally to the Redemption Ratio.

    The share consolidation will, according to the proposal, be implemented in the book-entry system after the close of trading on 15 August 2025 (the “Consolidation Date”). The cancellation of shares and the new total number of shares in the Company are intended to be registered with the Finnish Trade Register by approximately 18 August 2025. Trading with the Company’s shares under the new total number of shares is expected to commence on Nasdaq Helsinki with a new ISIN code on or about 18 August 2025.

    The proposals included under this item 6 form a single entirety, which requires that both the related directed free share issue and the redemption of shares be approved in a single resolution. The implementation of the proposed share consolidation is conditional on the ability to make the number of shares recorded in each book-entry account divisible by 250 on the Consolidation Date within the maximum number of own shares to be transferred as described above. The consolidation in the proposed manner would not lead to the redemption of all shares from any shareholder.

    Furthermore, the Board proposes that the Extraordinary General Meeting authorize the Board to amend the terms of the Company’s issued special rights and option rights to take into account the share consolidation. If implemented, the arrangement will not require any action from shareholders. If necessary, the trading of the Company’s shares on Nasdaq Helsinki may be temporarily suspended to allow for the required technical arrangements related to the consolidation.
      

    1. Authorisation of the Board of Directors to decide on share issues and on granting special rights entitling to shares

    The Board of Directors proposes that the Extraordinary General Meeting authorise the Board to decide on a share issue, which may be either against payment or without payment, as well as on granting option rights and other special rights entitling to shares that are set out in Chapter 10 Section 1 of the Finnish Limited Liability Companies Act, or on the combination of all or some of the aforementioned instruments in one or more tranches on the following terms and conditions:

    The total number of the Company’s treasury shares and new shares to be issued under the authorisation may not exceed 1,386,000, which corresponds to approximately 50 per cent of all the Company’s shares following the proposed share consolidation as set out in section 6 above.

    Within the limits of the aforementioned authorisation, the Board of Directors may decide on all terms and conditions applied to the share issue and to the special rights entitling to shares, such as that the payment of the subscription price may take place not only by cash but also by setting off receivables that the subscriber has from the Company.

    The Board of Directors shall be entitled to decide on crediting the subscription price either to the Company’s share capital or, entirely or in part, to the invested unrestricted equity fund.

    The share issue and the issuance of special rights entitling to shares may also take place in a directed manner in deviation from the pre-emptive rights of shareholders if there is a weighty financial reason for the Company to do so, as set out the Limited Liability Companies Act. In such a case, the authorisation may be used to finance corporate acquisitions or other investments related to the operations of the Company, to implement corporate restructuring arrangements as well as to maintain and improve the solvency of the Group and to carry out an incentive scheme.

    The authorization is proposed to remain in force until the Annual General Meeting to be held in 2026, however no longer than until 30 June 2026, and it is proposed to revoke the corresponding authorization granted by the Annual General Meeting on 29 April 2025.

    The decision concerning the authorisation requires a qualified majority of at least two thirds of the votes cast and shares represented at the meeting. 

    1. Authorising the Board of Directors to decide on the acquisition and/or on the acceptance as pledge of the Company’s treasury shares

    The Board of Directors proposes that the Extraordinary General Meeting authorise the Board to decide on acquiring or accepting as pledge, using the Company’s distributable funds, a maximum of 270,000 treasury shares, which corresponds to approximately 10 per cent of the Company’s total shares following the proposed share consolidation as set out in section 6 above. The acquisition may take place in one or more tranches. The acquisition price shall not exceed the highest market price of the share in public trading at the time of the acquisition.

    In executing the acquisition of treasury shares, the Company may enter into derivative, share lending or other contracts customary in the capital market, within the limits set out in laws and regulations. The authorisation entitles the Board to decide on an acquisition in a manner other than in a proportion to the shares held by the shareholders (directed acquisition).

    The Company may acquire the shares to execute corporate acquisitions or other business arrangements related to the Company’s operations, to improve its capital structure, or to otherwise further transfer the shares or cancel them.

    The authorisation is proposed to include the right for the Board of Directors to decide on all other matters related to the acquisition of shares.

    The authorization is proposed to remain in force until the Annual General Meeting to be held in 2026, however no longer than until 30 June 2026, and it is proposed to revoke the corresponding authorization granted by the Annual General Meeting on 29 April 2025.

    The decision concerning the authorisation requires a qualified majority of at least two thirds of the votes cast and shares represented at the meeting.

    1. Closing of the Meeting

    B. DOCUMENTS OF THE EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL MEETING

    The above-mentioned proposals on the agenda of the Extraordinary General Meeting, the financial statements, the report of the Board of Directors, and the auditor’s report of Digitalist Group Plc, the minutes of the Annual General Meeting held on April 29, 2025, the management’s interim statement for Q1/2025, and the Board of Directors’ report on material events affecting the company’s position after the preparation of the financial statements, as well as this notice to the meeting, will be available to shareholders on Digitalist Group Plc’s website at https://investor.digitalistgroup.com/fi/investor/governance/annual-general-meeting no later than three weeks before the Extraordinary General Meeting. These documents will also be available at the Extraordinary General Meeting, and copies of them as well as this notice will be sent to shareholders upon request. A separate invitation to the Extraordinary General Meeting will not be sent to shareholders. The minutes of the Extraordinary General Meeting will be available on the above-mentioned website no later than August 27, 2025.

    C. INSTRUCTIONS FOR THE PARTICIPANTS IN THE EXTRAORDINARY GENERAL MEETING

    1. Right to participate and registration

    Shareholders who are on the record date of the Extraordinary General Meeting, 1 August 2025, registered in the Company’s shareholders’ register, maintained by Euroclear Finland Ltd, are entitled to attend the meeting. Shareholders whose shares are registered on their personal Finnish book-entry accounts are registered in the shareholders’ register of the Company.

    Shareholders who wish to attend the Extraordinary General Meeting must give advance notice of their attendance, and the Company must receive such notice, no later than by 4 p.m. on 8 August 2025. Registration for the Extraordinary General Meeting takes place:
                                        

    1. Via Company’s website at https://investor.digitalistgroup.com/fi/investor/governance/annual-general-meeting in accordance with the instructions provided therein;
    2. by email to yhtiokokous@digitalistgroup.com;
    3. by mail to Digitalist Group Plc/Extraordinary General Meeting, Siltasaarenkatu 18-20, 00530 Helsinki, Finland;
    4. by telephone between 9:00 and 16:00 to Aila Mettälä at +358 40 531 0678;

    When giving an advance notice of attendance, please state the shareholder’s name, date of birth / business ID, address, telephone number and the name of any assistant or proxy representative and date of birth of the proxy representative. Personal data provided to the Company by its shareholders is used only in connection with the Extraordinary General Meeting and with processing the necessary registrations related to the meeting.  

    1. Proxy representative and proxy documents

    A shareholder may participate in the Extraordinary General Meeting, and exercise their rights at the Extraordinary General Meeting, by way of proxy representation.

    The shareholder’s proxy representative must produce a dated proxy document or otherwise in a reliable manner demonstrate their right to represent the shareholder. If a shareholder participates in the Extraordinary General Meeting through several proxy representatives representing the shareholder with shares on different securities accounts, the shares by which each proxy representative represents the shareholder shall be identified in connection with the registration for the Extraordinary General Meeting.

    Please furnish the Company with any proxy documents as an email attachment (e.g. in PDF) or by mail, using the above-mentioned contact information for registration, before the last date for registration. In addition to submitting proxy documents, shareholders or their proxy representatives must ensure that they have registered for the Extraordinary General Meeting in the manner described above in this notice.

    Shareholders can also use the electronic Suomi.fi authorization service instead of a traditional proxy document. In this case, the shareholder authorizes a proxy that he/she/it nominates in the Suomi.fi authorization service on the website suomi.fi/e-authorizations (using the mandate theme “Representation at the General Meeting “). In connection with the Extraordinary General Meeting service, any person so authorized must identify themselves with strong electronic identification in connection with the registration, after which the electronic authorization will be checked automatically. Strong electronic identification works with online banking credentials or Mobile ID. More information on the electronic authorization service is available on the website suomi.fi/e-authorizations.    

    1. Holders of nominee-registered shares

    A holder of nominee registered shares has the right to participate in the Extraordinary General Meeting by virtue of such shares based on which they would be entitled to be registered in the shareholders’ register of the Company, maintained by Euroclear Finland Ltd, on 1 August 2025.

    Holders of nominee-registered shares are advised to contact their asset managers for information on how to enter the shareholders’ register, on the issuance of proxies and on submitting their notice of attendance in the Extraordinary General Meeting well before the meeting. The account management organisation of the custodian bank must register any holder of nominee-registered shares who wishes to participate in the Extraordinary General Meeting into the temporary shareholders’ register of the Company by 10 a.m. on 8 August 2025 at the latest.

    1. Other instructions and information

    The language of the meeting is mainly Finnish.

    Pursuant to Chapter 5 Section 25 of the Finnish Limited Liability Companies Act, a shareholder who is present at the Extraordinary General Meeting has the right to request information with respect to the matters to be considered at the meeting.

    Changes in shareholding after the record date of the Extraordinary General Meeting will not affect the right to participate in the Extraordinary General Meeting or the number of voting rights held by a shareholder in the meeting.
          
    On the date of this notice of the Extraordinary General Meeting the total number of shares in Digitalist Group Plc, and votes represented by such shares, is 693,430,455. As of June 30, 2025, the company holds a total of 7,664,943 own shares, which do not carry voting rights at the Extraordinary General Meeting.

    In Helsinki on 30 June 2025

    DIGITALIST GROUP PLC                                                                     
    Board of Directors

    For further information, please contact:

    CEO Magnus Leijonborg, tel. +46 76 315 8422,
    magnus.leijonborg@digitalistgroup.com

    Chair of the Board: Esa Matikainen, tel. +358 40 506 0080, esa.matikainen@digitalistgroup.com

    Distribution:

    Nasdaq Helsinki Ltd
    Main media
    https://digitalist.global
                                                                                                                          

    The MIL Network –

  • MIL-OSI: Haffner Energy Reports Annual Results for Fiscal Year 2024-2025

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    Haffner Energy Reports Annual Results for Fiscal Year 2024-2025

    Strategic milestones were reached, opening up the prospect of a commercial and economic ramp-up in the current financial year

    Vitry-le-François, France – June 30, 2025, 08:00am (CEST)

    • 2024-2025, a year of milestones demonstrating Haffner Energy‘s technological maturity: commissioning of the Marolles showcase site and green hydrogen production kick-off; signature of a first contract essential to the development of a hydrogen, electricity, and biochar production unit at the Corbat Group site in Glovelier, Switzerland; new strategic partnerships with recognized international players, particularly in the SAF industry;
    • Launch of a capital increase1 that resulted, after the close of the fiscal year, in a €7M fundraising with widening of the free float to almost 25%;
    • Net cash available of €559k at 03/31/2025 and a significantly reduced cash-burn rate, thanks to the ramp-up of the cash preservation plan initiated in November 2023;
    • EBITDA* improved significantly to -€10,011k, driven by revenue returning to positive at €378k and cost reductions, and a net loss of -€12,311k for the year ended 03/31/2025;
    • A consolidated 2025-2026 commercial outlook (total pipeline of €1.55Bn and €388M weighted pipeline2 at the end of March 2025) and a confirmed EBITDA-breakeven target at 03/31/2026.

    HAFFNER ENERGY (ISIN code: FR0014007ND6 – Ticker: ALHAF), just published its consolidated annual results at 03/31/2025, as approved on 06/27/2025 by the Board of Directors. On this occasion, the Company provided an update on its progress and outlook.

    Philippe HAFFNER, Co-founder and CEO of Haffner Energy said:

    “The 2024-2025 financial year is in continuity with the path we embarked on back in the second half of 2023. After launching new offers to expand our addressable market beyond hydrogen and achieving a significant increase in our project portfolio, we continue to roll out our roadmap. This year, we have carried out structuring projects that bring us closer to our objective of profitable growth: first, we have set up an industrial-scale showcase site in Marolles presenting all our technologies, whether in operation or still in development – seemingly the first site in the world to produce green hydrogen from solid biomass; this decisive element for the conversion of our project pipeline into contracts has already enabled us to sign a first contract for the installation of a hydrogen, electricity, and biochar production unit in Switzerland. To support our development, we have also continued to strengthen our network of partnerships with leading players, such as LanzaJet, LanzaTech, Atoba, and Luxaviation for the SAF market.

    In terms of financial results, although the conversion of our project pipeline into contracts had not yet materialized at 03/31/2025 and we remain in a loss-making position, we have recorded an improvement in our EBITDA thanks to the cost-cutting efforts undertaken to preserve our cash. With the first significant contracts expected to be signed, the 2025-2026 financial year should enable us to achieve our target of breakeven EBITDA by March 31, 2026.

    The capital increase launched at the end of the financial year, to which the family holding company Haffner Participation contributed €950k, resulted in a €7M fundraising in early April 2025. It will enable us to support the Company’s development. The success of this operation is due in particular to the commitment of most of our historical shareholders and to the arrival of new investors. We would like to thank them for their confidence in our project and our prospects, despite the recent turbulence on the Haffner Energy stock market.”

    I. 2024-2025: ADVANCES ILLUSTRATE HAFFNER ENERGY’S TECHNOLOGICAL MATURITY

    During the FY 2024-2025, Haffner Energy took crucial steps to accelerate its commercial and industrial development, with the creation of the Marolles showcase site and the signing of major partnership agreements, particularly in the SAF industry.

    Operational commissioning of the Marolles hydrogen and renewable gas production, testing and training center: a strategic priority for the year

    During the period, the attention of the Haffner Energy team was particularly focused on the installation and commissioning of a showcase site for the Company’s technologies and expertise in the Vitry-Marolles business park (Marne County), near its headquarters. Started in late 2023, the development of this production, testing and training center unfolded in several stages: after archaeological excavations, site preparation and equipment assembly, the center entered the renewable gas (syngas) production phase on June 18, 2024 (cf. 06/20/2024 press release). Equipped with new-generation equipment and intended to operate continuously 8,000 hours per year, this site was inaugurated on November 22, 2024, during Industry Week (cf. 11/22/2024 press release and press kit).

    After obtaining regulatory approvals and installing additional equipment, the team dedicated to this project reached a strategic milestone for Haffner Energy’s industrial and commercial development with, in February 2025, the commissioning of mobility-grade green hydrogen production (cf. 02/26/2025 press releases). Green hydrogen produced as part of the activities on the Marolles site – 120 tonnes/year – is to be commercialized. Haffner Energy already signed an offtake Memorandum of Understanding on December 16, 2024, with a French operator specializing in hydrogen removal and resale in order to decarbonize mobility and industry.

    This site now allows the Company’s customers and prospects to test the range of possibilities offered by Haffner Energy technologies at full-scale and with their own biomass: production of “super green” gas and hydrogen, co-production of electricity, production and/or gasification of biocarbon and/or biochar. This site is also intended to train their teams in operating and maintaining the equipment.

    This project, which has resulted in the world’s first known site producing hydrogen from solid biomass residues, was made possible thanks to the support and commitment of the French public authorities through various local and national entities. It has thus benefited from more than €1.5M in public funding3, demonstrating the trust placed in Haffner Energy to contribute to the green reindustrialization strategy led by the French government.

    While the success of this structuring project attests to Haffner Energy’s technological and industrial maturity, it will also demonstrate the economic and ecological relevance of its technologies. Indeed, compared to alternative technologies, water electrolysis in particular, the “super green” hydrogen produced by Haffner Energy through its thermolysis technology is especially competitive due to the low cost of the primary energy used (biomass), combined with excellent energy efficiency (+ 75% for installations > 20MW). In addition, this hydrogen is carbon negative when co-produced biochar is used to sequester biogenic carbon.

    This showcase site is therefore a decisive tool to realize the Company’s commercial potential. In the short term, it will allow several contracts awaiting signature to move forward, as evidenced by the recent signing of a first contract for the construction of a hydrogen, electricity, and biochar production unit from forestry residues on the Corbat Group site in Glovelier, Switzerland, for H2bois SA. This unit, which is expected to be commissioned in July 2026, represents a total order value for Haffner Energy that is likely to reach €8.3M including options (cf. 03/12/2025 press release).

    2024-2025: new strategic partnerships with leading players

    The growing maturity of Haffner Energy’s technologies in their various applications has enabled the Company to amplify the process of building strategic partnerships already underway and to gain the trust of leading players. During this past year, new agreements have mainly occurred in the SAF industry, the Company’s priority segment given its market potential.

    Haffner Energy established a first partnership with the American company LanzaJet in June 2024 in the context of its SAF production plant project, Paris-Vatry SAF (cf. 06/06/2024 press release). A global leader in ATJ (Alcohol-to-Jet) technology, LanzaJet is a remarkably advanced player in the industry with more than 90 SAF projects in its portfolio. It was named in 2024 by Time Magazine as one of the “100 Most Influential Companies”. Its investors include the Aéroport de Paris (ADP) group, British Airways, Airbus, Southwest Airlines and Microsoft, among others.

    A key agreement was also signed in September 2024 with IðunnH2, the green hydrogen and sustainable e-fuel project developer in charge of Iceland’s largest e-SAF production plant project (65,000-tonne capacity). Located near Keflavík International Airport, the site is to be commissioned in 2028, using biogenic carbon from on-site biocarbon gasification with Haffner Energy’s patented technology. This solution was chosen by IðunnH2 for its ability to significantly reduce costs and increase productivity in the e-SAF production process. Indeed, in Iceland, the limited volumes of local biomass mean low access to biogenic carbon, an essential component of SAF. Haffner Energy’s supplies of solid biocarbon, gasified on-site by its Gasiliner®, will provide a competitive and flexible alternative to the usual option of biogenic CO2, a gas that is expensive to capture, transport and store. (cf. 09/02/2024 press release).

    Keen to amplify the scope of their first partnership, Haffner Energy and LanzaJet announced another partnership agreement in January 2025 (cf. 01/28/2025 press release), accompanied by LanzaTech, the developer of a differentiating solution for transforming syngas into ethanol and a LanzaJet shareholder. The Nasdaq-listed company is a recognized leader in commercial carbon management solutions.

    The objective of the tripartite agreement is to explore joint projects for the conversion of biomass residues into sustainable aviation fuel across the entire SAF production value chain by combining the technologies of the three companies. It also involves exploring a variety of opportunities, including the development of industrial facilities, fuel purchase agreements, and joint technology licenses, as well as financial support and/or investment in specific SAF projects.

    Haffner Energy also entered into a partnership agreement with ATOBA Energy in February 2025 (cf. 02/20/2025 press release), a SAF aggregator whose purpose is to solve the financial dilemma between airlines and producers by allowing different players to benefit from long-term SAF contracts at optimized prices, in particular through off-takes from diversified producers and technologies. This partnership should facilitate the financing of Haffner Energy’s SAF projects by removing the barriers of this value chain, as production plant projects struggle with signing the necessary contracts to guarantee investment returns. The identification of Haffner Energy by ATOBA Energy as a strategic player in the SAF ecosystem is another testament to the competitiveness of its technological solutions.

    Lastly, after the end of the fiscal year, Haffner Energy announced a partnership agreement with global business aviation leader Luxaviation to accelerate the production and promotion of SAF. Luxaviation is to take an active role in SAF Zero (cf. 06/18/2024 press release), an initiative launched by Haffner Energy in September 2024 (cf. 09/12/2024 press release).

    In addition, Haffner Energy has pursued its partnership approach aimed at diversifying its sustainable biomass supply sources. In France, a new agreement was signed in August 2024 with Bambbco, leader in the development of the bamboo industry in France (cf. 09/24/2024 press release). The partnership aims to improve the energy use of biomass, particularly on marginal lands and semi-desert areas, by creating local ecosystems for SAF projects. In a similar fashion, Haffner Energy had signed a partnership early 2024 with the US company Hexas, specialized in the production of raw plant-based materials from its regenerative crop: XanoGrass™ (cf. 03/13/2024 press release).

    II. SUCCESSFULLY RAISING THE FUNDS NEEDED TO FINANCE THE COMPANY’S GROWTH

    Shortly before FY 2024-2025 ended, Haffner Energy launched a capital increase through the issue of shares with share subscription warrants (ABSA), while maintaining shareholders’ preferential subscription rights (DPS).

    This operation’s final completion, materialized by the settlement-delivery of the shares on April 4, 2025, i.e. just after the close of the fiscal year, enabled the company to raise €7M and expand its free float, which now stands at almost 25% of the capital.

    As announced in June 2024, and within the framework of the authorizations granted by the Annual General Meeting of September 12, 2024, Haffner Energy raised funds to accelerate the Company’s development. Following a decision by the Board of Directors at its meeting of March 12, 2025, this took the form of a €7M capital increase through the issue of ABSAs with shareholders’ preferential subscription rights (DPS).

    A two-stage transaction: €7M through the issue of ABSAs, potentially doubled if the warrants are exercised within 18 months.

    As a reminder, the operation had the following characteristics:

    – Transaction eligible for the IR-PME, PEA and PEA-PME, FIP-FCPI and Article 150-0 B ter schemes
    – Allocation of preferential subscription rights (DPS): on the basis of 1 preferential subscription right for 1 share held on 03/14/2025
    – Negotiability of DPS from 03/17/2025 to 03/26/2025 inclusive
    – Subscription ratio: 9 ABSA for 23 Existing Shares
    – Subscription price per ABSA: €0.40, i.e. a 59% discount to the closing price on 03/12/2025, the day before the transaction was announced (€0.98).
    – ABSA subscription period from 03/19/2025 to 03/28/2025 inclusive
    – Final completion of the issue recorded on 04/04/2025, for an amount of €6,995,497.60, of which €1,748,874.40 par value and €5,246,623.20 issue premium, bringing the Company’s share capital to €6,218,220.10.
    – Settlement-delivery of the ABSA: 04/04/2025
    – Trading of New Shares (ISIN: FR0014007ND6 – Ticker: ALHAF) and BSAs (ISIN FR001400Y4X9) on Euronext Growth in Paris since 04/04/2025Trading of New Shares (ISIN: FR0014007ND6 – Ticker: ALHAF) and BSAs (ISIN FR001400Y4X9) on Euronext Growth in Paris since 04/04/2025
    – Terms and conditions of exercise of the warrants attached to the ABSAs (on the basis of 1 warrant per New Share): as from 04/04/2026 for a period of 6 months, 3 warrants entitling the holder to subscribe to one New Share at a price of €1.20. Exercise of all the warrants would ultimately represent a potential capital increase of €6,995,498 gross.

    This operation benefited from the renewed support of historical shareholders (Haffner Participation, VICAT, EUREFI) and new investors, who had committed to participate in the transaction up to €5.5M.

    It was carried out with the assistance of Gilbert Dupont, as global coordinator and bookrunner, and CIC Market Solutions as custodian.

    Post-transaction, a modified capital structure and a near-doubling of the free float

    The gross capital increase recorded by the Board of Directors at its meeting on April 1, 2025 amounted to €6,995,497.60, including €1,748,874.40 nominal value and €5,246,623.60 share premium, and resulted in the issuance of 17,488,744 ABSAs at a subscription price of €0.40 per share, including €0.10 nominal value and €0.30 issue premium (cf. press releases of 2/04/2025 and 4/04/2025).

    Following the issuance of ABSA, Haffner Energy’s share capital was increased to €6,218,220.10 divided into 62,182,201 ordinary shares with a nominal value of €0.10.

    The operation led to a change in the breakdown of capital and voting rights. In particular, the capital increase led to a significant increase in the free float (from 12.83% to 24.75%), which should ultimately prove positive for the share’s attractiveness.

    Table: Impact of the ABSA issue on the breakdown of share capital and Differential Voting Rights

      Before Capital Increase After Capital Increase
      Number of shares % of Capital Number of DVR % of exercisable DVRs Number of shares % of Capital Number of DVR % of exercisable DVRs
    Haffner Participation 17 824 000 39,88% 35 648 000 45,15% 20 199 000 32,48% 38 023 000 39,42%
    Eurefi 5 741 600 12,85% 11 483 200 14,54% 8 311 600 13,37% 14 053 200 14,57%
    Sous total Concert 23 565 600 52,73% 47 131 200 59,69% 28 510 600 45,85% 52 076 200 53,99%
    Vicat 1 175 000 2,63% 1 175 000 1,49% 3 675 000 5,91% 3 675 000 3,81%
    Eren Industries 1 000 000 2,24% 2 000 000 2,53% 1 391 302 2,24% 2 391 302 2,48%
    Kouros 11 826 112 26,46% 21 920 542 27,76% 11 826 112 19,02% 21 920 542 22,73%
    HRS 1 000 000 2,24% 1 000 000 1,27% 1 000 000 1,61% 1 000 000 1,04%
    Flottant 5 736 238 12,83% 5 736 238 7,26% 15 388 680 24,75% 15 388 680 15,95%
    Self-holding 390 507 0,87% – 0,00% 390 507 0,63% – 0,00%
    TOTAL 44 693 457 100% 78 962 980 100% 62 182 201 100% 96 451 724 100%

    For the record, a shareholder who did not take part in the operation and previously held 1% of the capital saw a dilutive effect of 0.72% applied to his position.

    After the operation, stock price in turmoil 

    Mechanically, and all other things being equal, Haffner Energy’s share price should have fallen by around 28%, in line with the dilutive effect. However, following the capital increase, the share experienced unexpectedly high trading volumes, due first and foremost to massive and disorderly selling, leading to a drop in the share price to a low of €0.25 on 04/18/2025. Since then, the stock price has begun to rise again (to €0.35 on 06/23/2025). Trade is still occurring in very high volumes, without Haffner Energy having any specific information on their origin.

    III. CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL RESULTS OF LOW SIGNIFICANCE, MARKED BY EFFORTS TO IMPROVE EBITDA AND PRESERVE CASH

    The consolidated financial statements presented below, for which audit procedures are in progress, were approved by the Board of Directors at its 06/27/2025 meeting. The scope of consolidation and accounting methods used at March 31, 2025, are unchanged from the previous year: Haffner Energy’s consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS; the only consolidated subsidiary is Jacquier.

    In terms of consolidated financial results, FY 2024-2025 displays a similar profile to the previous one, albeit with a few changes.

    In thousands of euros 03.31.25
    (12 months)    		 03.31.24
    (12 months)
    Net sales
    Other income    		 378
    79    		 -157
    69
    EBITDA -10,011 -12,791
    Operating result -12,275 -10,263
    Net income -12,311 -9,935
    Shareholders’ equity 14,300 26,768
    Cash available 5594 11,042

    At 03/31/025, consolidated revenue remained amounted to €378k. It mainly comprised sales of boiler-making equipment by Jacquier and various services and studies by Haffner Energy.

    As a reminder, consolidated revenue was negative for FY 2023-2024 (-157 k€) due to the impact of the termination of the R-Hynoca contract in December 20235 (cf. 14/12/2023 press release).

    Confirmed EBIDTA improvement thanks to cost-cutting measures

    Extending the trend of the first half of the year, EBITDA6continued to improve to -€10,011k, under the combined effect of the decrease in purchases consumed (-15%), personnel costs (-17%) and external expenses (-23%), resulting from the full impact of the cash preservation plan initiated in November 2023.

    Operating result nevertheless deteriorated (-€12,275k at 03/31/2025, down €2,012k compared to 03/31/2024). This change is mainly due to the reversal of provisions for losses on completion from the previous year in the amount of €5,787k.

    As of 03/31/2025, consolidated net income stood at -€12,311k, registering a larger loss than last year (-€9,935k at 03/31/2024).

    After appropriation of net income, shareholders’ equity amounted to €14,300k, excluding the impact of the capital increase which will be taken into account in FY 2025-2026 due to its completion after the closing date.

    Haffner Energy’s other assets and liabilities are as follows:

    On the assets side, non-current assets (€11,250k, or +€309k) were almost stable, mainly composed of intangible assets representing the Company’s intellectual property (€8,105k as of 03/31/2025 compared to €7,843k as of 03/31/2024). Current assets, on the other hand, contracted significantly to €22,456k (-€12,321k), mainly due to:

    • the consumption of a significant portion of cash (€559k as of 03/31/2025 compared to €11,042k as of 03/31/2024).
    • the decrease in other current assets (advances paid to suppliers for €2,464k and Research Tax Credit for €941k).

    Conversely, inventories and outstandings increased, reaching €13,432k at the end of the financial year (+€3,287k) mainly due to the installation of the Marolles site.

    On the liabilities side, shareholders’ equity amounted to €14,300k at 03/31/2025 (a decrease of €12,468k) mainly due to the allocation of the year’s profit to reserves. It should be noted that the capital increase is not taken into account as of 03/31/2025.
    Non-current liabilities decreased slightly (-€268k at 03/31/2025 to €5,833k). This change takes into account the €500k RDI loan received from Bpifrance in March 2025.
    Current liabilities, meanwhile, increased +€725k to €13,574k at 31/03/2025. This change is mainly due to the net increase in provisions ongoing litigations (+€882k to €1,116k at 31/03/2025).

    It should be noted that, as the proceedings with Sara and Carbonloop are still in progress, the balance sheet position of previous years has been maintained. In addition, a provision has been booked in respect of employee-related litigation.

    Net cash position necessitates fundraising despite reduced cash-burn rate

    As of 03/31/2025, net cash and cash equivalents amounted to €559k.

    As a reminder, the main measures of the cash preservation plan initiated since November 2023 and implemented during the year have focused on:

    • Overheads in addition to reinforced budget management and expense control measures, the company reduced fees, cancelled non-essential service or subcontracting contracts whose tasks could be handled internally, changed payroll managers, renegotiated the commercial terms of other contracts, and limited travel and related expenses to essentials.
      • Payroll: in addition to the freeze on recruitment and replacements, as well as the absence of a general salary increase over FY 2023-24 and FY 2024-2025, Haffner Energy implemented a targeted redundancy plan in the summer of 2024, resulting in the loss of nine (9) positions. Subsequent to the balance sheet date, a redundancy plan for economic reasons was launched at SAS Jacquier. This redundancy plan resulted in the departure of three (3) employees from the workforce on 06/16/2025.
      • Leased surface areas: these have been reduced in both Nantes and Paris, thanks to the relocation of the Paris offices in January 2025 and the termination of the lease on the 1st floor of the Nantes offices.
      • Postponement of non-priority investments, such as the deployment of a new ERP system (€1.3M).
      • Renegotiations with strategic partners and service providers to review certain delivery schedules and invoice payment deadlines (€3M)
      • Deferrals of payments illustrating the commitment of all internal stakeholders to the company, such as the deferral of the payment of the individual portion of employees’ target-based bonuses and the payment of directors’ fees; lastly, we note the waiver by the two executives and founding investors, Philippe and Marc Haffner, of the variable portion of their remuneration for FY 2023-2024, as well as the temporary two-stage reduction of part of their fixed remuneration for FY 2023-2024 and FY 2024-2025. These amounts have been provisioned in the financial statements.

    Thanks to the implementation of these cost-saving measures, the average monthly cash-burn rate was significantly reduced during the year, gradually falling from €1.4M at the end of 2023 to €1M at the end of 2024, to about €0.6M per month in Q1 2025 (calendar year), excluding income and non-recurring expenses.

    In order to ensure that the Company would have the necessary resources to pursue its development until the expected ramp-up in revenue, and as announced as early as June 2024, Haffner Energy therefore initiated the above-mentioned capital increase during the year (see page 4).          

    Having carried out a review of its liquidity risk, the Company considers that it will have sufficient cash to finance its activities until at least 03/31/2026.

    This cash outlook takes into account:

    – The €7M capital increase finally subscribed on April 4, 2025, after the closing of FY 2024-2025;

    – The receipt, in March 2025, of a €500k innovation grant from Bpifrance (RDI loan) for the hydrogen production, testing and training center project in Marolles (Marl’Hy);

    – Cost reductions undertaken by the Company (see page 8) that cap the average monthly cash burn-rate, excluding non-recurring income and expenses, at around €600k (compared with €1M at the end of 2024).

    In the 1st half of the year, this is subject to the successful completion of the endurance test at the Marolles site and the signature of the resulting contracts, as well as to the obtaining, during the year, of additional financing linked to the equipment at the Marolles site.

    IV. PROJECTS AND PROSPECTS: FOUR NEW OPERATIONAL PRIORITIES

    For the current financial year, the Haffner Energy team, boosted by the confidence and support from its business partners, shareholders and institutional ecosystem, has set four new operational priorities: accelerating the conversion of its pipeline, moving forward with the implementation of targeted strategic projects, continuing to structure its action, and simplifying its governance.

    Accelerating pipeline conversion

    At the end of FY 2024-2025, Haffner Energy had an estimated total sales pipeline of €1.55Bn compared to €1.4Bn at 03/31/2024, confirming a high level of commercial activity due to the various initiatives undertaken since mid-2023: launch of a high-capacity offer for the renewable gas market (syngas) and a SAF offer; business development in the United States through the creation of a subsidiary; increased presence in various US trade fairs dedicated to renewable energies and hydrogen7.

    On the occasion of its capital increase, and in order to offer a clearer and more representative view of its business and prospects, the Company decided to adopt a communication based on a weighted sales pipeline** instead of medium-term annual revenue targets, as was previously practiced, as projects typically convert into backlog over a two-year cycle. This weighted pipeline is determined by applying a probability of success to the potential revenue of each project that counts in the sales pipeline

    At the end of March 2025, Haffner Energy’s weighted sales pipeline stood at €388M.

    Two contracts for hydrogen production equipment had been identified as likely to be signed following the start of hydrogen production at the Marolles site in February 2025 (cf. 02/26/2025 press release).

    The first of these is the H2bois project, for which Haffner Energy signed an initial contract on 03/12/2025, which is essential for the creation of this unit to produce hydrogen, electricity, and biochar from biomass at the Swiss Corbat group’s site (cf. 03/12/2025 press release). With delivery of the site scheduled for July 2026, orders for Haffner Energy are expected to be staggered between now and the end of FY 2025-2026.

    The second regards REFORMERS’ Renewable Energy Valley project in Alkmaar in the Netherlands. The latter was awarded the 2025 World Hydrogen Award, “Clean Project” category, May 22, 2025, in Rotterdam, thanks to the choice of HYNOCA® as the green hydrogen production technology included in the project.

    Advancing the implementation of a number of targeted strategic projects: R&D, Marolles, and commercial partnerships

    While growing the market for existing solutions is the priority for the current financial year, Haffner Energy has continued and will continue to invest time in Research & Development in order to offer its customers new or optimized solutions. The performance of its biomass thermolysis technology is indeed the source of the recognition enjoyed by the Group. In particular, before the end of FY 2024-2025, the Company was awarded the “Innovative Company” label by Bpifrance. This recognition enabled the company to welcome an FCPI fund to its capital.

    In April 2025, the Group presented a new line of production units, Hynoca® Flex 500 IG, capable of producing 12 tonnes per day of marketable green hydrogen for less than €3/kg without subsidies, and of generating profitable renewable electricity at peak times (cf. 24/04/2025 press release). Competitive with grey hydrogen and fossil fuels thanks to its energy efficiency of over 80%, this new solution offers all the flexibility of hydrogen and electricity cogeneration, enabling producers’ sites to manage random hydrogen demand and benefit from continuous operation without having to lock themselves into rigid off-take contracts.

    The current year’s priorities also include optimizing equipment at the strategic Marolles site, and in particular finalizing the installation of the Gasiliner® (cf. 11/22/2024 press release).

    The Haffner Energy team has also been working to advance the strategic Paris-Vatry SAF project. During FY 2024-2025, the Company finalized the creation of SPV (Special Project Vehicle) PARIS VATRY SAF SAS. In addition, Luxembourg-based Luxaviation, a global business aviation leader, confirmed its interest in playing an active role in spin-off SAF Zero at the International Paris Air Show this month. Luxaviation’s participation could take the form of financing the initial development of SAF activities, supporting strategy and global visibility, as well as off-take agreements in SAF Zero projects such as Paris-Vatry SAF (cf. 06/18/2025 press release).

    Finally, the FactorHy project of a first plant to assemble renewable gas and hydrogen production modules is still underway. Preliminary studies have been completed and detailed studies for the building permit application are continuing.

    Continuing to structure its action

    Having completed the creation of Haffner Energy Inc., an unconsolidated US subsidiary, in May 2024, Haffner Energy will continue to work on structuring its action and future developments with a view, in particular, to making effective progress in the SAF market. For current FY, the Company intends to launch SAF Zero, a spin-off designed to maximize its potential in this booming market (cf. 12/09/2024 press release and 18/06/2025 press releases).

    Simplifying its governance

    In addition, Haffner Energy has decided to simplify its corporate governance to enhance efficiency.

    At its meeting on 05/09/2025, the Board of Directors decided to propose the following to the 06/23/2025 Combined General Meeting of Shareholders:

    • a reduction in the number of Board members, with the early termination of the terms of office of Kouros France and Kouros SA, who also undertook to reduce their shareholding following the capital increase in which they did not wish to participate;
    • a partial renewal of the Board’s membership, to allow the entry of a new director representing the Luxembourg company Eren Industries, one of Haffner Energy’s industrial shareholders. A partner of Haffner Energy’s since the Company’s IPO, this recognized player in the energy transition is dedicated to technological innovation in the service of the natural resource economy. Eren Industries develops and invests in infrastructure projects, particularly in low-carbon energy production (hydrogen, biogas, biomethane, etc.), some of which could be projects of interest to Haffner Energy, and will provide the Board with all its sector expertise.
    • An update of the statutes simplifying the majority rules applicable to certain Board decisions, in line with common practice.

    All the resolutions were adopted at the June 23, 2025 General Shareholders’ Meeting.

    It should be noted that the Board of Directors has decided to reduce the attendance fees of independent directors as from the next financial year. Non-independent directors will not be remunerated.

    In addition, Mrs Bich Van Ngo and Mrs Sophie Dutordoir, independent directors, resigned from the Board at the close of the Annual General Meeting on 06/23/2025.

    Mr. Olivier Piron (Société E-Venture Management and Investment srl) was co-opted to the Board of Directors as an independent director at the close of the Board meeting of 06/27/2025.

    As a result, Haffner Energy’s Board of Directors is now composed of six (6) members, up from eight (8) previously:

    • Mr. Philippe Haffner, Chairman and CEO of Haffner Energy
    • Mr. Marc Haffner, Deputy Chief Executive Officer of Haffner Energy
    • Mrs. Francesca Ecsery, independent
    • Société E-Venture Management and Investment srl, with Mr. Olivier Piron as permanent representative
    • Europe and Growth, with Mr. Xavier Dethier as permanent representative
    • Eren Industries SA, with Mr. David Corchia as permanent representative

    Next events

    Shareholder webinar : July 1, 2025 – register here

    Annual General Meeting : September 10, 2025

    More detailed financial information on the annual accounts at 03/31/2025 is available on the website www.haffner-energy.com.

    About Haffner Energy

    Haffner Energy designs, manufactures, supplies, and operates biofuel and hydrogen solutions using biomass residues. Its innovative, patented thermolysis technology produces Sustainable Aviation Fuel, as well as renewable gas, hydrogen, and methanol. The company also contributes to regenerating the planet through the co-production of biogenic CO2 and biochar. A company co-founded 32 years ago by Marc and Philippe Haffner, Haffner Energy has been working from the outset to decarbonize industry and all forms of mobility, as well as governments and local communities. Haffner Energy is listed on Euronext Growth (ISIN code : FR0014007ND6 – Mnémonique : ALHAF).

    Investor relations

    investisseurs@haffner-energy.com

    Media relations        

    Laure BOURDON
    laure.bourdon@haffner-energy.com
    +33 (0) 7 87 96 35 15

    Glossary:

    The Company is now adopting a communication based on a weighted sales pipeline instead of medium-term annual revenue targets, as was previously practiced, as projects typically convert into backlog over a two-year cycle.

    * Pipeline designates a business opportunity when at least one of the following situations occurs:
    – a preliminary feasibility study for the installation of equipment is, or has been, carried out; or
    – a budget offer, or a preliminary business plan for the project, or a complete commercial offer including specifications, has been sent to the customer and Haffner Energy is awaiting its response; or
    – a letter of intent has been sent to Haffner Energy by the customer; or
    – Haffner Energy has received an invitation to participate and is part of a tender process.

    ** The weighted pipeline is determined by applying a probability of success to the potential sales of each project included in the total pipeline. Thus, given a total pipeline of projects worth €1.55Bn at March 31, 2025, the weighted pipeline at March 31, 2025 stood at €388M, with “hydrogen projects” now accounting for only 18% of the weighted pipeline.

    1 Subscription period for the Capital Increase closed on 03/29/2025, Settlement-Delivery on 04/04/2025.
    2 In order to offer a clearer and more representative view of its business and prospects, the Company is now adopting a communication based on a weighted sales pipeline instead of medium-term annual revenue targets, as was previously practiced, as projects typically convert into backlog over a two-year cycle. This weighted pipeline is determined by applying a probability of success to the potential revenue of each project that counts in the sales pipeline.

    3 Including an Innovation-Research and Development Loan (PIRD) in the amount of €500k granted by Bpifrance and received in early March 2025.
    4 Cash and cash equivalents at 03/31/2025 do not include the €7M fundraising, which was completed after closing on 04/04/2025
    5 The termination of the R-Hynoca contract was accompanied by a memorandum of understanding under which Haffner Energy will have to make two residual payments (€1M before 12/31/2025 and €0.85M before 12/31/2026).
    6 EBITDA corresponds to operating income before depreciation and amortization, impairment net of reversals of fixed assets and current assets, and before operating provisions net of reversals.
    7 Since January 2025, Haffner Energy has participated in Hyvolution Paris 2025, Bio360 Expo 2025 in Nantes, World Electrolysis Congress 2025 in Cologne, World Hydrogen Summit 2025 in Rotterdam, for example.

    Attachment

    The MIL Network –