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Category: Transport

  • MIL-OSI USA: Hubble Sees a Celestial Cannonball

    Source: NASA

    2 min read

    Download this image

    The spiral galaxy in this NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image is IC 3225. It looks remarkably as if it was launched from a cannon, speeding through space like a comet with a tail of gas streaming from its disk behind it. The scenes that galaxies appear in from Earth’s point of view are fascinating; many seem to hang calmly in the emptiness of space as if hung from a string, while others star in much more dynamic situations!

    Appearances can be deceiving with objects so far from Earth — IC 3225 itself is about 100 million light-years away — but the galaxy’s location suggests some causes for this active scene, because IC 3225 is one of over 1,300 members of the Virgo galaxy cluster. The density of galaxies in the Virgo cluster creates a rich field of hot gas between them, called ‘intracluster medium’, while the cluster’s extreme mass has its galaxies careening around its center in some very fast orbits. Ramming through the thick intracluster medium, especially close to the cluster’s center, places enormous ‘ram pressure’ on the moving galaxies that strips gas out of them as they go.

    As a galaxy moves through space, the gas and dust that make up the intracluster medium create resistance to the galaxy’s movement, exerting pressure on the galaxy. This pressure, called ram pressure, can strip a galaxy of its star-forming gas and dust, reducing or even stopping the creation of new stars. Conversely, ram pressure can also cause other parts of the galaxy to compress, which can boost star formation. IC 3225 is not so close to the cluster core right now, but astronomers have deduced that it has undergone ram pressure stripping in the past. The galaxy looks compressed on one side, with noticeably more star formation on that leading edge (bottom-left), while the opposite end is stretched out of shape (upper-right). Being in such a crowded field, a close call with another galaxy may also have tugged on IC 3225 and created this shape. The sight of this distorted galaxy is a reminder of the incredible forces at work on astronomical scales, which can move and reshape entire galaxies!

    Media Contact:

    Claire AndreoliNASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MDclaire.andreoli@nasa.gov

    MIL OSI USA News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Europe: Debates – Thursday, 24 October 2024 – Strasbourg – Provisional edition

    Source: European Parliament 2

    Verbatim report of proceedings
     352k  770k
    Thursday, 24 October 2024 – Strasbourg Provisional edition
    1. Opening of the sitting
      2. Composition of committees and delegations
      3. Closing the EU skills gap: supporting people in the digital and green transitions to ensure inclusive growth and competitiveness in line with the Draghi report (debate)
      4. Abuse of new technologies to manipulate and radicalise young people through hate speech and antidemocratic discourse (debate)
      5. Resumption of the sitting
      6. Sakharov Prize 2024 (announcement of the winner)
      7. Request for waiver of immunity
      8. Resumption of the sitting
      9. Voting time
        9.1. Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (RC-B10-0133/2024, B10-0129/2024, B10-0131/2024, B10-0133/2024, B10-0136/2024, B10-0139/2024, B10-0141/2024, B10-0142/2024) (vote)
        9.2. People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (RC-B10-0134/2024, B10-0130/2024, B10-0132/2024, B10-0134/2024, B10-0135/2024, B10-0137/2024, B10-0138/2024, B10-0140/2024) (vote)
      10. Resumption of the sitting
      11. Approval of the minutes of the previous sitting
      12. Protecting our oceans: persistent threats to marine protected areas in the EU and benefits for coastal communities (debate)
      13. Explications de vote
        13.1. Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (RC-B10-0133/2024)
        13.2. People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (RC-B10-0134/2024)
      14. Approval of the minutes of the sitting and forwarding of texts adopted
      15. Dates of forthcoming sittings
      16. Closure of the sitting
      17. Adjournment of the session

       

    IN THE CHAIR: ESTEBAN GONZÁLEZ PONS
    Vice-President

     
    1. Opening of the sitting

       

    (The sitting opened at 9:00)

     

    2. Composition of committees and delegations

     

      President. – The EPP Group has notified the President of decisions relating to changes to appointments within committees and delegations.

    These decisions will be set out in the minutes of today’s sitting and take effect on the date of this announcement.

     

    3. Closing the EU skills gap: supporting people in the digital and green transitions to ensure inclusive growth and competitiveness in line with the Draghi report (debate)


     

      Janusz Wojciechowski, Member of the Commission. – Mr President, skills cut across all policies and this House has played an important role in putting skills high on the agenda, notably with the European Year of Skills, which was a huge success.

    Mario Draghi’s report shows that we must close the skills gap if we want to make Europe simultaneously competitive, fair and secure. This means stepping up investments in skills and education and training at different places and moments, from school to adult learning. These investments need to be public and private. At the European Union level, we are investing already, as of today, around EUR 44 billion in the EU Cohesion Policy, mostly from the European Social Fund Plus, and helping upskill and reskill 38 million people.

    Member States’ national recovery and resilience plans include reforms and investments in education, training and adult learning amounting to more than EUR 85 billion. The Just Transition Mechanism supports the most affected people, workers, companies and regions heavily dependent on carbon-intensive industries, notably by helping them with training to access new jobs in their region. Other programmes such as Erasmus+ and Digital Europe also contribute to skills development in their respective areas.

    But indeed, we have a skills gap in our labour markets. In many sectors, we don’t have enough people with the skills needed and this is the key ingredient missing if we want Europe to be competitive in the face of countries like the US and China. We face significant labour shortages. The European Union labour markets are losing one million people every year between now and 2050 because of ageing. Two thirds of European companies say that the lack of skills holds back their business activities and four out of five say they cannot invest and grow as much as they could. For SMEs, it is even more difficult: only one in five can find workers with the right skills.

    To address this, we adopted the action plan on labour and skills shortages. It is based on a broad consensus between Member States and social partners. The action plan builds notably on the European Skills Agenda, which is specifically aimed at harnessing the green and digital technology transitions. The European Year of Skills, with its 2000 events, showed that we were on the right track and we should use its momentum.

    There have been good results. The Pact for Skills has brought together businesses, unions, education and training providers and other stakeholders in a large partnership, joining forces to upskill workers. In the first years, about 3.5 million workers have been upskilled through action by the 3000 pact members. Individual learning accounts, a powerful tool that offers adults incentives and guidance to train over time, are being prepared in about half of all Member States. We expect them to be very helpful, in particular for workers in SMEs, which may not be able to have their own upskilling programmes.

    We launched the EU digital decade strategy to make sure Europe’s workforce is ready for a world where digital skills are increasingly essential in many areas of life. The digital education action plan supported the adaptation of the education and training systems of Member States, aiming to boost the provision of digital skills. The European Union has introduced specific measures for learning, for sustainability, integrating green skills and competencies into education and training systems across the Member States.

    But there is a lot of work still to do. Too many people don’t have good basic skills. We are far from our 80 % target of digital skills and 60 % target of adults in training.

    Last but not least, as is also stressed in the Draghi report, we need to significantly step up the anticipation of skills needs, which is also key for addressing labour shortages in future. We can build on the good analytical work by Cedefop and Eurostat on job vacancies and on the European network graduate tracking to bring analysis closer to the local needs. Another initiative under development on skills intelligence is the common European data space for skills, which will facilitate secure data pooling and sharing to foster the development of data-driven application for skills, demand and supply analysis.

     
       

     

      Liesbet Sommen, namens de PPE-Fractie. – Voorzitter, commissaris, de groene transitie en artificiële intelligentie: dat maakt onze mensen en bedrijven soms bezorgd. Dat is ook begrijpelijk. Het is aan ons, het beleid, om duidelijkheid en zekerheid te bieden. Want wij staan als Europese Unie op een kruispunt. Wij hebben terecht de meest ambitieuze klimaatwetgeving ter wereld, maar onze economie hinkt achterop omdat wij te weinig ruimte bieden aan technologische vooruitgang. Werknemers en landbouwers zijn daardoor soms bang om hun baan en toekomst te verliezen.

    Maar het goede nieuws is: wij zijn in staat om deze transities om te buigen naar kansen. Dat gaan we doen door in te zetten op grotere vaardigheden van onze mensen, via onderwijs en opleiding. Want menselijk kapitaal is wat onze Europese bedrijven sterk maakt. Laat ons trots zijn op ons Europese sociale model. De VS en China hebben slechts een volgende rol. We hebben echt behoefte aan een allesomvattende Europese financieringsstrategie voor onderwijs en opleiding. De focus moet liggen op STEM‑sectoren, wiskunde en wetenschap. Want het zijn die opleidingen die de beroepen naar de arbeidsmarkt brengen die onze bedrijven en onze landbouw in staat zullen stellen om te verduurzamen en te digitaliseren.

    Met sterker onderwijs en opleiding voor ons Europeanen gaan we er niet alleen in slagen om het klimaat en onze Europese economie te redden, maar ook om onze mensen te versterken. En inderdaad, dat zal ervoor gaan zorgen dat Europa haar leiderschapspositie van weleer opnieuw kan innemen. Europa staat op een kruispunt. Het is aan ons om de juiste weg in te slaan.

     
       

     

      Gabriele Bischoff, im Namen der S&D-Fraktion. – Herr Präsident, sehr geehrter Herr Kommissar, Kolleginnen und Kollegen! In der Tat, diese Transformation wird gelingen, wenn wir die Beschäftigten hier mitnehmen. Und der Draghi-Bericht stellt tatsächlich die Notwendigkeit von Fort- und Weiterbildung mit ins Zentrum, nicht nur für Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, sondern auch für Innovationsfähigkeit. Und es ist gut, dass das auf der Säule sozialer Rechte aufbaut, denn die garantiert zum ersten Mal ein Recht auf Weiterbildung – das müssen wir verankern, das ist ein Job für die nächste Kommission.

    Ich bin froh, dass der Kommissar die Rolle der Sozialpartner hervorgehoben hat, weil die essenziell ist: dass beide Seiten, dass Arbeitgeber wie Gewerkschaften, wie Betriebsräte zusammen in den Betrieben Konzepte entwickeln. Und ich bin froh auch – ich komme gerade von einer Debatte, wo es um ESF-Plus-Projekte ging, wo beide Sozialpartner in Deutschland, Arbeitgeber und Gewerkschaften, ein Programm zur Beratung und Qualifizierung hingekriegt haben.

    Deshalb bitte keine verkürzte skills-Debatte, sondern sehen, wir brauchen eine gute Grundqualifizierung und Akteure in den Betrieben, die das vorantreiben.

     
       

     

      Paolo Borchia, a nome del gruppo PfE. – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, signor Commissario, io non amo particolarmente essere pessimista. Però credo che, effettivamente, per colmare il ritardo con la Cina e con gli Stati Uniti ci servirà un mezzo miracolo, perché non possiamo pensare che l’unica parola d’ordine sia decarbonizzazione.

    Infatti, senza la competitività non andiamo da nessuna parte. Sul tema della mancanza dei lavoratori, Commissario, lei giustamente ha menzionato la mancanza di competenza e io credo che la mancanza di lavoratori qualificati sia purtroppo la chiave di volta. Anche perché, purtroppo, anche in quest’Aula c’è chi pensa che il problema si possa risolvere attraverso l’importazione di un esercito di manodopera di lavoratori a basso costo, che magari arrivano da Paesi lontani.

    E poi, in conclusione, c’è un grosso tema di autocritica, perché gli stessi che ci hanno portati ad essere fanalini di coda nell’economia globale, adesso sono quelli che pretendono di continuare a comandare, senza ascoltare quello che è il volere degli elettori.

     
       

     

      Mariateresa Vivaldini, a nome del gruppo ECR. – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, signor Commissario, formare, attrarre e trattenere i talenti sono propositi che in quest’Aula condividiamo tutti. Ma la sfida sui talenti non può essere scollegata dalle sfide sulla natalità. Dobbiamo incentivare le nascite con interventi strutturali, accompagnando i figli dalla nascita al mercato del lavoro.

    Diversi studi hanno previsto che all’Europa, nel suo insieme, mancheranno 35 milioni di persone in età lavorativa entro il 2050, soprattutto nelle zone rurali, accrescendo un divario che di per sé è già allarmante con le zone urbane. Significa che scienziati, medici, ingegneri, lavoratori specializzati che avrebbero potuto contribuire a cambiare il nostro futuro, non avranno mai questa opportunità.

    È ovvio – e lo rivendico con forza – che garantire una maggiore fruibilità delle competenze e degli spazi digitali è fondamentale. Però, mentre noi portiamo avanti questa riflessione, da un lato, c’è il Consiglio che ha proposto un taglio di quasi 300 milioni ad Erasmus, dall’altro, si continua a non portare avanti nessuna iniziativa sulla tutela delle donne lavoratrici con stipendi adeguati.

    I talenti vanno coltivati, ma innanzitutto vanno messi al mondo. Altrimenti ci troveremo ad avanzare ottime proposte politiche senza avere nessuno su cui applicarle.

     
       


     

      Nela Riehl, on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group. – Mr President, as the Draghi report outlines, the question of skills is not just one of preparing the labour force for changing demands, but also about giving people the tools to adapt and engage with a changing world and benefit from new technologies. This is what competitiveness should mean.

    As a teacher, I have great respect for traditional classrooms, but classrooms are only just the beginning. At the moment, only 40 % of European adults train every year. This is very far from the 60 % target that the EU set itself to reach by 2030. Training must be a lifelong commitment.

    Lifelong learning, development, developing digital skills, must be a fundamental right and not just a privilege reserved for a few. This isn’t just about preparing for tomorrow’s jobs. It’s about empowering everyone to thrive in a world that is always evolving.

    So what does this actually mean? First, we need to address the lack of investment in skills. Every euro spent on training is a euro invested in our economy and society. This needs to be reflected in public budget decisions.

    Second, we need to establish an individual right to training for every European worker. But beyond this, we must break down the barriers that prevent skills and qualifications being recognised across borders. Let us make lifelong learning the new norm!

     
       

     

      Li Andersson, The Left-ryhmän puolesta. – Arvoisa puhemies, kaikki puhuvat nykyään taidoista. Yritykset ovat nostaneet osaavien työntekijöiden puutteen esille keskeisimpänä kasvun esteenä Euroopassa. Työvoimapula vaivaa monia aloja, ja myös Draghin raportin viesti oli, että kaikille eurooppalaisille työntekijöille pitää turvata oikeus kouluttautua.

    On tärkeää, että Eurooppa nostaa yksiselitteisesti osaamisen ja oppimisen kilpailukyvyn keskiöön. Meidän ei tule kilpailla palkkoja polkemalla, työehtoja heikentämällä, luonnonvaroja riistämällä tai antamalla eriarvoisuuden kasvaa räjähdysmäisesti. Meidän tulee tehdä asioita uudella ja paremmalla tavalla – niin talouden vahvistamiseksi kuin ihmisten elämän parantamiseksi.

    Mutta olemmeko todellakin valmiita koulutuspolitiikkaan, joka vastaa näihin suuriin haasteisiin? Silloin niin työnantajilla kuin yhteiskunnilla pitää olla valmius rahoittaa työikäisten opiskelua nykyistä enemmän. Silloin työnantajien pitää olla valmiita antamaan työntekijöiden käyttää siihen työaikaa. Silloin työttömille pitää antaa vapaus ja mahdollisuus opiskeluun. Silloin myös koulutusjärjestelmämme tulee vastata paremmin erilaisten oppijoiden tarpeisiin. Tämä kaikki edellyttää aivan eri mittaluokan panostuksia kuin mitä me tähän asti olemme nähneet.

    Meidän tulee myös ymmärtää, että työvoimapulassa ei ole kyse vain taidoista tai niiden puutteista. Siinä on myös kyse työoloista – palkasta, työoloista, työehdoista ja mahdollisuuksista vaikuttaa. Mikään määrä taitoja tai koulutusta maailmassa ei korvaa sitä, että ihmiset saavat mahdollisuuden tehdä työnsä hyvin, kunnollista korvausta vastaan.

     
       

     

      Рада Лайкова, от името на групата ESN. – Уважаеми граждани на ЕС, единственото нещо, което е по-безидейно от доклада на Марио Драги, е стратегията, заложена в този доклад. Както и очаквахме, този уж външен доклад се цитира вече за всеки план на ЕС, като задължително се добавят думи, събудени думи или „woke“ думи като зелен, устойчив, дигитално приобщаващ, климатично, неутрален и т. н.

    Със стремежа си за уеднаквяване Европейският съюз сам създаде кризата в образованието, защото университетите станаха фабрики за хора с дипломи без истински знания. Учат се да повтарят, а не да мислят. А това не е целта на критичното мислене и образованието. Трудно ми е да повярвам, че ЕС иска да подобри образованието, защото тук няма интерес от информирани граждани, иначе не биха се въвеждали закони под предлог за защита от дезинформация.

    Информираните граждани не се третират като деца. Спомнете си клиповете за миене на ръце на Урсула фон дер Лайен. Европейският съюз има нужда от покорни, дигитално маркирани данъкоплатци, които не задават въпроси, затова и преследва подобна политика в сферата на образованието. Но в последните 15 години вече беше нанесена достатъчно вреда в тази сфера и този период скоро трябва да приключи.

     
       

     

      Jagna Marczułajtis-Walczak (PPE). – Panie Przewodniczący! Panie komisarzu! Problem luki w umiejętnościach w Unii Europejskiej jest kwestią bardzo złożoną. Umiejętności pracowników i systemy kształcenia, a z drugiej strony oczekiwania rynku pracy nie zbiegają się w jednym punkcie. To problem wieloaspektowy.

    Po pierwsze, szybkie zmiany technologiczne generują nowe, wymagające umiejętności, za którymi wiele osób nie nadąża. Po drugie, w wielu krajach Unii Europejskiej systemy edukacyjne i programy nauczania wymagają uelastycznienia. Po trzecie, luki w umiejętnościach wynikają także z nierówności regionalnych. Lokalni pracodawcy często nie są w stanie znaleźć odpowiednio wykwalifikowanej kadry w swojej okolicy. Po czwarte, kolejną ważną sprawą jest kwestia starzejącego się społeczeństwa. To wyzwanie, ale i okazja do budowania lepszych i dostępnych systemów opieki i rehabilitacji.

    Wspierajmy uczenie się zawodów opiekuńczych, które są nieocenione dla członków naszych rodzin, a które kiedyś będą nieocenione i dla nas. Potrzebujemy działań na wielu frontach, ale najważniejsze jest prawidłowe zrozumienie problemu, który niewątpliwie istnieje.

     
       


     

      Pascale Piera (PfE). – Monsieur le Président, après avoir été président de la Banque centrale et si étroitement impliqué dans les orientations de l’Union européenne, Mario Draghi pose le constat de l’inefficacité totale des politiques européennes, menées à bâtons rompus au détriment des peuples. Nous le savons, notre continent n’est plus que l’ombre de lui-même sur le plan industriel, sur le plan commercial, sur le plan migratoire.

    Mario Draghi fait-il un mea culpa? Jamais. Pour expliquer ce désastre, auquel il a activement participé, il exhibe la pénurie de compétences comme s’il s’agissait d’une pénurie de marchandises. Pour tenter d’y remédier, il nous projette dans la fantasmagorie de la transition numérique et verte en nous promettant, dans une novlangue insupportable, toujours plus d’Europe, toujours plus d’argent pour d’hypothétiques programmes éducatifs, et en réalité toujours plus d’intrusion pour ce qu’il reste de souveraineté aux États souverains.

    Mario Draghi fait l’économie de toute réflexion de fond et préfère l’asservissement de notre jeunesse aux écrans et aux propagandes wokistes. Pourtant, redonner un niveau de compétence à notre jeunesse, c’est encourager la connaissance de ses racines, la richesse de la littérature, le travail et l’esprit critique. Autant de conditions qui ne sont pas aujourd’hui assurées par l’Union européenne.

     
       

     

      Georgiana Teodorescu (ECR). – Domnule președinte, România are nevoie urgentă de redeschiderea școlilor vocaționale de arte și meserii. Am ajuns o țară de absolvenți de studii superioare care nu știu să facă nimic și care nu își găsesc locuri de muncă pe măsura diplomelor, așa că fie pleacă la munci necalificate peste granițe, fie se angajează în astfel de servicii chiar în țară. Astăzi, în România, un electrician câștigă mai bine decât un avocat sau un inginer, spre exemplu, și chiar și așa nu îl găsești spre a-l angaja.

    Această imagine critică asupra țării mele riscă să se reflecte și asupra Europei în curând. Dacă nu alocăm bani mulți pentru învățământul vocațional, vom ajunge să importăm astfel de forță de muncă doar din afara granițelor Uniunii Europene, în timp ce propriii noștri cetățeni vor fi asistați social. Colaborarea între Uniunea Europeană, sectorul privat și instituțiile de învățământ este esențială. Trebuie să creăm parteneriate care să adune resurse și expertiză ca să ne asigurăm că programele de formare răspund nevoilor de mâine.

     
       

     

      Grégory Allione (Renew). – Monsieur le Président, Monsieur le Commissaire, chers collègues, le rapport Draghi nous l’a montré: l’Europe doit devenir plus compétitive. C’est un défi existentiel, un défi pour voir l’Union devenir une actrice forte et indépendante sur la scène mondiale, cheffe de file dans les domaines de l’éducation, des nouvelles technologies et de la lutte contre le changement climatique.

    Nous le savons, l’investissement dans l’éducation et la formation, dans la protection sociale et la santé contribue à créer une société souveraine, plus résiliente, plus inclusive et, de fait, plus compétitive. Oui, nous devons d’urgence combler notre déficit en matière de compétences. Actuellement, près de 80 % des employeurs peinent à recruter des travailleurs possédant les compétences requises, quand ceux que nous avons formés font valoir, bien cher et outre-Atlantique, leurs compétences acquises ici en Europe. Par ailleurs, 60 % des travailleurs déclarent avoir besoin d’être formés aux outils de l’intelligence artificielle, quand 14 % le sont réellement. Enfin, nous le savons, il y a des pénuries de main-d’œuvre dans les domaines essentiels de la transition tels que la construction, la santé ou les énergies bas carbone.

    Le chantier est énorme. Le rapport Draghi nous donne la trajectoire comme les solutions. Sans renforcer les compétences de nos travailleurs, de notre richesse humaine, l’Union restera spectatrice de sa double transition – verte et numérique.

     
       


     

      Marina Mesure (The Left). – Monsieur le Président, pour les besoins de la bifurcation écologique, 25 millions d’emplois sont nécessaires. Mais combien de ces postes resteront non pourvus, faute de travailleurs correctement formés et de conditions de travail décentes?

    Prenons un secteur clé: celui de la construction. Nous savons tous ici qu’il y a urgence à rénover les bâtiments, car il s’agit d’un enjeu social majeur pour nos concitoyens, qui peinent à se loger et à payer leur facture énergétique, et d’un enjeu écologique, puisque les bâtiments représentent 40 % des émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Et bien, dans ce secteur, le manque de main-d’œuvre est une préoccupation pour 96 % des entreprises.

    Alors pourquoi si peu de candidats? Le rapport Draghi apporte une explication parmi d’autres: les salaires peu attrayants, qui contribuent à ce déficit dans un secteur qui compte encore un mort par jour. Donc, si vous voulez parler compétitivité, très bien! Mais vous ne pouvez pas le faire sans parler démocratie sociale, valorisation de ces métiers essentiels, formation continue, conditions de travail dignes, reconnaissance de la pénibilité au travail et garantie d’un environnement de travail sain et sûr pour toutes et pour tous.

    C’est ainsi que nous rendrons les métiers essentiels à la bifurcation écologique attrayants et que nous comblerons le déficit de main-d’œuvre.

     
       

     

      Diego Solier (NI). – Señor presidente, señor comisario, señorías, si queremos una Europa competitiva, realista y sostenible, necesitamos cambios de impacto rápido en nuestros ciudadanos.

    Tenemos tres importantes áreas en las que hay que dar un giro de 180 grados.

    Primero, una pirámide poblacional suicida y totalmente invertida. Sin políticas de familia, natalidad y conciliación laboral, esto no se resolverá ni importando a millones de inmigrantes, como pretenden ustedes.

    Segundo, despolitización de la educación de Europa. Solo priorizando la excelencia y el esfuerzo de los estudiantes, superaremos la mediocridad: agilicemos la homologación de títulos universitarios europeos, desarrollemos una conexión empresarial con esos mismos entornos educativos de éxito.

    Y, tercero, la formación a los empleados en tecnologías para que exploten sus productividades. El 99 % de nuestro tejido empresarial es pequeña y mediana empresa y carece de los recursos necesarios para cumplir con toda la burocracia que les imponemos desde Europa.

    El tiempo de actuar es ahora. Mañana ya será tarde.

     
       

     

      Andreas Schwab (PPE). – Herr Präsident, Herr Kommissar, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Mario Draghi hat uns auf fast 400 Seiten hier mit seinem Bericht die Schwachstellen der EU-Gesetzgebung ins Stammbuch geschrieben. Aber er kommt anders, als die Kollegin behauptet, nicht zu dem Ergebnis, dass das, was wir gemacht haben, alles falsch ist, sondern wir haben, was die Qualifikationslücke angeht, im Binnenmarkt falsche Anreize gesetzt. Und dafür haben wir eigentlich seinen Bericht nicht gebraucht, denn es war schon bei vielen Unternehmensbesuchen offensichtlich, dass wir es mit den Berichtspflichten schlicht übertrieben haben. Nicht jedes wünschenswerte Ziel braucht auch eine Berichtspflicht.

    Das Beispiel ist bekannt aus meinem Wahlkreis: Ein kleines mittelständisches Unternehmen muss, weil es Zulieferer für ein Großunternehmen ist, 1 600 Berichtspflichten erfüllen im Rahmen der Corporate Social Responsibility-Richtlinie. Da geht es natürlich darum, dass die drei neuen Mitarbeiter, die dieses Unternehmen lange suchen muss, bevor sie eingestellt werden können, dann nicht in der Produktion sind, sondern beim Ausfüllen der Berichtspflichten. Gleichzeitig muss die große Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft auch zwei neue Mitarbeiter einstellen, um diese Berichtspflichten zu überprüfen, um den Jahresabschluss zu erstellen – das ist schlicht und ergreifend eine Fehlallokation.

    Wir müssen dazu kommen – und am besten in den ersten 100 Tagen der neuen Kommission –, dass der Unternehmer ein leeres Blatt Papier nimmt und drauf schreibt: Ich habe die Regeln verstanden und gelesen und hafte mit meinem Namen. Die Franzosen sagen dazu lu et approuvé. Das würde Bürokratie abbauen, die Sache vereinfachen und das Leben für viele Unternehmer wieder angenehmer machen mit dem Ziel, den Wohlstand der Bürgerinnen und Bürger in Europa zu steigern; und das können wir schaffen.

     
       

     

      Niels Fuglsang (S&D). – Hr. formand! Kære kolleger! I løbet af det sidste år har vi vedtaget meget vigtig lovgivning her i huset. Lovgivning om hvordan vi fremmer den grønne omstilling. Mål for vedvarende energi, hvor meget skal vi have? Mål for energieffektivitet. Lovgivning, der skal omstille industrien til at blive grøn. Men alt det her kan jo kun lade sig gøre, hvis vi har den nødvendige kvalificerede arbejdskraft. Hvis vi har tilstrækkeligt med faglærte, der kan sætte vindmøllerne op. Elektrikere, der kan sætte strøm til vores elbiler. Mekanikere, der kan reparere vores biler, og smede, der kan svejse vores pumper. Derfor har vi brug for kvalificeret arbejdskraft. Vi har brug for al den arbejdskraft, vi overhovedet kan tænke på, til at udvikle nye innovative teknologier. Og jeg er glad for at se, at Mario Draghi fokuserer på netop det her i sin rapport. Det er det, vi skal investere i sammen. Det er nu, det gælder.

     
       

     

      Annamária Vicsek (PfE). – Tisztelt Elnök Úr! A Draghi-jelentésben említett készséghiányokat és az európai versenyképesség súlyos hanyatlását nem pusztán tüneti kezelésekkel, hanem valódi versenyképesség-növelő intézkedésekkel lehet csak megoldani.

    Ilyen megoldás lehet például a magyar modell, amit a magyar elnökség programjának elemeként ismerhettünk meg. A felsőoktatásban, a szakképzésben és a felnőttképzésben kialakított stratégiai partnerség a felsőoktatási és szakképzési intézmények, valamint a gazdasági és társadalmi szereplők között öt év alatt már mérhető eredményeket hozott. Míg öt éve még csak 7 magyar egyetem, mára már 12 tartozik a világ legjobb 5 százalékába, sőt a világ legjobb 1%-ában is található magyar egyetem. 20%-kal nőttek a vállalati bevételek, nőtt a hallgatói létszám és nagy arányban csökkent a lemorzsolódás.

    A Bizottság meg kell, hogy kezdje Európa versenyképességének fokozását, ugyanakkor meg kell, hogy szüntesse a magyar felsőoktatási intézmények versenyképességét csökkentő diszkriminatív intézkedéseit, amely végső soron a teljes Európai Unió versenyképességét is csökkenti.

     
       

     

      Marlena Maląg (ECR). – Panie Przewodniczący! Panie komisarzu! Niedobór kwalifikacji to poważny problem, który dotyka całą Unię Europejską. Jak wynika z raportu Draghiego, około trzech czwartych europejskich firm zgłasza trudności ze znalezieniem pracowników z odpowiednimi umiejętnościami. Jednocześnie około 42% Europejczyków nie posiada podstawowych umiejętności cyfrowych. Nakładają się na to jeszcze problemy demograficzne starzejącego się społeczeństwa i daje to obraz rynku pracy.

    Choć polityka kształcenia i szkolenia leży w gestii państw członkowskich, Unia wspiera te wysiłki, popierając konkretnymi strategiami, programami oraz udzielając konkretnego wsparcia. Szczególne znaczenie mają tu umiejętności cyfrowe, szkolnictwo zawodowe, w tym inwestowanie w kształcenie ustawiczne. Bardzo ważne jest promowanie takich inicjatyw jak Junior Skills promujących młodych mistrzów zawodowych. Zamiast promować migrację, musimy zadbać o to, aby wykształcić własnych specjalistów po to, aby Unia Europejska była odporna na kryzysy i znacznie bardziej konkurencyjna.

     
       

     

      Христо Петров (Renew). – Г-н Комисар, инженери, IT специалисти, готвачи, Европейският съюз е изправен пред недостиг на работна ръка за много професии. В моята страна бизнесът има огромни проблеми при намирането на подходящи кадри. Докладът на Марио Драги призовава за принципно нов подход към уменията и аз съм съгласен. Но когато говорим за конкурентоспособност, трябва да говорим и за европейския социален модел, защото той прави Европа най-доброто място в света за живеене и работа.

    За да решим проблема, ние трябва да укрепим нашата стратегия за повишаване на уменията и преквалификация на работниците, както и да активираме цялото население в трудоспособна възраст с персонализирана подкрепа. Все още има нереализиран потенциал в нашите региони. Трябва и да привлечем таланти от цял свят, за това „EU Talent Pool“ ще бъде от огромно значение. Той трябва да насърчи законното наемане на работа, като гарантира безопасност, ефективност и адекватност.

    Време е да създадем правилния инструмент, който да е от полза както за работодателите, така и за търсещите работа.

     
       

     

      Benedetta Scuderi (Verts/ALE). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, la transizione ecologica e quella digitale ci offrono un’opportunità incredibile, non solo per creare milioni di posti di lavoro ma anche per rivoluzionare il nostro paradigma produttivo e socioeconomico verso un mondo del lavoro più giusto e inclusivo.

    La carenza di manodopera qualificata è evidente ed è quindi essenziale colmare il divario di competenze con percorsi di formazione e aggiornamento professionale. Questo impegno, però, non deve essere preso solo dall’industria ma anche da noi istituzioni, dal pubblico. Solo così, infatti, possiamo includere nel mondo del lavoro tutte le persone che ne rimangono sistematicamente escluse.

    Penso alle donne, alle persone razializzate, alle persone trans, a quelle con disabilità e a tutte quelle che subiscono discriminazioni. Penso ai giovani e a tutte le difficoltà a entrare nel mondo del lavoro a suon di tirocini non pagati e salari bassissimi.

    Quindi, ben venga riportare l’industria europea al centro dell’agenda politica: ma per farlo non possiamo commettere gli stessi errori del passato. Torniamo a parlare con le parti sociali in modo serio, rafforziamo la contrattazione collettiva, garantiamo standard elevati di sicurezza sul luogo di lavoro, lotta a pratiche antisindacali, a frodi, a sfruttamento sociale e, soprattutto, salari dignitosi.

    Un mercato del lavoro frutto di una società ineguale e un tessuto sociale impoverito non può essere competitivo.

     
       

     

      Dario Tamburrano (The Left). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, Stati Uniti e Cina concorrono per la supremazia nelle nuove tecnologie, come mobilità elettrica e intelligenza artificiale, mentre noi, con la nostra politica economica e industriale fallimentare, abbiamo perso decenni e posizioni e stiamo retrocedendo anche nelle politiche dell’istruzione e dell’educazione al digitale per le nuove generazioni.

    La nostra industria non cresce abbastanza, anche perché non coltiva abbastanza e protegge le intelligenze naturali. In questo scenario fosco, le nostre società subiscono, invece di governarli, gli effetti della digitalizzazione.

    È un’emergenza sociale e medica: il fenomeno dell’addicction digitale e di impoverimento delle capacità psico-relazionali, causati dall’esposizione permanente e inconsapevole alle nuove tecnologie digitali. È pertanto un imperativo morale rendere genitori e ragazzi più edotti degli effetti collaterali del digitale pervasivo e dell’intelligenza artificiale.

    E lancio un appello a Parlamento e Commissione, affinché si avviino programmi specifici di monitoraggio e prevenzione, soprattutto per i soggetti in età evolutiva. Per una volta, di fronte a una nuova tecnologia, preveniamo invece di curare.

     
       

     

      Pilar del Castillo Vera (PPE). – Señor presidente, señor comisario, cada persona debe tener su oportunidad en la transición digital. Solo con una formación adecuada cada uno podrá aprovechar todo el potencial que brinda la digitalización.

    Esta brecha, como señala el señor Draghi, que hay con países que tienen más desarrolladas tanto la innovación tecnológica como la formación tecnológica es, en buena medida, la que explica el déficit que tenemos nosotros respecto de la competitividad que tienen países como los Estados Unidos. Es imperativo que competitividad y formación digital vayan de la mano. La formación digital debe estar presente a lo largo de todo el período educativo; por ejemplo, la programación debe incorporarse siempre en los inicios de la educación escolar, para que los alumnos vayan comprendiendo la naturaleza digital del sistema en el que viven.

    Por otra parte, la Unión Europea debe incrementar el número de graduados CTIM, que, pese a los avances, todavía está lejos de cubrir la demanda que existe en estos perfiles. También es esencial reforzar la formación digital en los sistemas de formación profesional.

    Por último, la actualización y la adquisición de nuevas habilidades digitales deben ser constantes a lo largo de la vida; es más, hay que garantizarlo.

    En definitiva, la formación digital no solo es clave para lograr una Europa innovadora y competitiva, también lo es para que cada persona tenga su oportunidad en este proceso de transformación digital. Y, añado, no solo es esencial, también es urgente: el momento es ahora, mañana será tarde.

     
       

     

      Marcos Ros Sempere (S&D). – Señor presidente, señor comisario, hablar de juventud es hablar de futuro, y para que el futuro sea brillante necesitamos reforzar sus competencias.

    Las intenciones son buenas: la prueba es una futura vicepresidenta ejecutiva dedicada a estas competencias en la nueva Comisión Europea. Pero, sin embargo, los datos son más oscuros: los resultados de los jóvenes indican un déficit de competencias, y las proyecciones para 2035 apuntan a que este déficit aumentará.

    Debemos actuar. Necesitamos una estrategia europea para reducir el déficit en competencias en todas las fases de la educación. Tenemos que ofrecer a nuestros jóvenes herramientas para desarrollar competencias, mejorarlas y actualizarlas durante la vida adulta, y el reconocimiento automático de títulos académicos y de competencias para mejorar el entendimiento y la movilidad entre Estados miembros.

    2025 ya está aquí, y es la fecha que marcamos para pedir la implementación del Espacio Europeo de Educación. Hagámoslo realidad, hagamos brillar el futuro de nuestros jóvenes.

     
       

     

      Antonella Sberna (ECR). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, signor Commissario, il divario delle competenze rischia di frenare il nostro sviluppo e penalizzare la competitività dell’Europa e quello di genere, in particolare, continua a penalizzare il potenziale delle donne, specialmente nei settori strategici come la tecnologia.

    Secondo l’Istituto europeo per l’uguaglianza di genere, l’eliminazione di questo divario nei settori STEM potrebbe favorire la creazione di ulteriori 1.200.000 posti di lavoro. In occasione dell’Anno europeo delle competenze, in Italia il governo Meloni ha introdotto, con la legge 187 del 2023, la Settimana nazionale delle discipline STEM, con l’obiettivo di sensibilizzare e stimolare l’interesse dei ragazzi, e soprattutto delle ragazze, verso queste discipline. È una buona prassi e quindi può ispirare il lavoro di altri Paesi membri.

    In Europa, invece, la Commissione europea ha promosso il patto per le competenze, un’iniziativa che riteniamo importante, che invita le organizzazioni pubbliche e private a unire le forze e adottare azioni concrete per migliorare – soprattutto anche riqualificare – le persone in Europa. Ma non basta: sono necessarie una vera unione delle competenze, in cui l’accesso alle discipline chiave sia equo e accessibile per tutti, e la formazione per la riqualificazione professionale dei settori meno attrattivi.

    Dobbiamo garantire che le competenze acquisite in un Paese siano facilmente riconosciute in tutti gli Stati membri, favorendo la mobilità e l’inclusione lavorativa. Solo così possiamo affrontare il futuro con fiducia e rafforzare la competitività in Europa.

     
       

     

      Ľudovít Ódor (Renew). – Vážený pán predsedajúci, pán komisár, milí kolegovia, Európska únia musí v najbližších desaťročiach zvládnuť dve veľké transformácie – zelenú a digitálnu, a to so starnúcou populáciou. Táto misia je od začiatku odsúdená na zánik, ak sa nezbavíme zlozvykov z dvadsiateho storočia. Ktoré sú to? Po prvé, nemali by sme mladých pripravovať na konkrétnu profesiu, ale potrebujeme ich naučiť zručnosti na zvládnutie týchto výziev. Po druhé, prestaňme deliť život na vzdelávanie a následnú prácu. Nebuďme naivní, že dnešné poznatky nám postačia aj o 30 rokov. Práve digitalizácia a umelá inteligencia nám môžu pomôcť, aby sme sa kontinuálne učili tempom a spôsobom, ktorý nám vyhovuje. Po tretie, netvárme sa, že výborná priemerná kvalita univerzít stačí. Európska únia má na viac. Pre globálny úspech potrebujeme excelentnosť a musíme sa stať magnetom pre zahraničný talent. V dvadsiatom storočí sme si veľmi zvykli, že investície sú len o strojoch, betóne a asfalte. V dvadsiatom prvom storočí by mali byť najmä o ľudskom kapitáli.

     
       

     

      Rasmus Andresen (Verts/ALE). – Herr Präsident! Eine Million! Eine Million Fachkräfte fehlen bis 2030 allein dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt, und in vielen anderen europäischen Staaten sieht das nicht anders aus.

    Über 60 % der kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen geben an, dass sie jetzt bereits Probleme haben, Fachkräfte zu finden. Der Fachkräftemangel ist eines der größten Probleme, das wir in der Europäischen Union in den nächsten Jahren haben, und ganz ehrlich: Es passiert viel zu wenig, um ihn anzugehen.

    Deshalb ist es gut, dass wir hier darüber reden, denn wenn wir wettbewerbsfähig sein wollen, dann brauchen wir qualifizierte Arbeitskraft. Die Antwort darauf ist: mehr Migration, mehr Investitionen in Bildung, eine bessere Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf und auch bessere Arbeitsbedingungen, denn nur mit attraktiven Jobs werden wir es schaffen, Menschen zu uns zu bekommen.

    Denn wir brauchen mehr Menschen, die in der EU arbeiten, und nicht weniger. Deshalb ist es ein Problem, wenn Nationalismus, Hass und Hetze die Debatte bei uns dominieren. Niemand möchte in einer Europäischen Union leben, wo Alice Weidel oder Marine Le Pen den Takt angeben. Wir brauchen eine Willkommenskultur, die Menschen begrüßt und sie dabei unterstützt, hier bei uns ihren Arbeitsweg zu bestreiten.

     
       


     

      Sérgio Humberto (PPE). – Caro Presidente, Caro Comissário, Caros Colegas, em Portugal temos um provérbio que nos ensina que não devemos chorar sobre o leite derramado, e é por isso que devemos falar de soluções para o desafio que enfrentamos. Permitam‑me que partilhe convosco três prioridades para agirmos, porque ninguém cresce na estagnação. Repito: ninguém cresce na estagnação.

    Primeira: precisamos de investir na aprendizagem ao longo da vida. Aprender é a base para sermos mais produtivos e competitivos nos nossos territórios. Aprender em qualquer momento, em qualquer lugar vai‑nos preparar para as profissões do futuro e garantir um crescimento inclusivo.

    Segunda: precisamos de apostar na transição digital e tirar mais partido dos dados e da inteligência artificial, principalmente nas áreas da saúde, da energia e da biotecnologia.

    Terceira: precisamos de transitar para uma economia mais verde, de desenvolver uma verdadeira união energética numa verdadeira União Europeia.

    Precisamos de estar mais próximos. É tentador achar que estamos todos muito longe uns dos outros. No meu país, Portugal, também já estive longe, mas o longe faz‑se perto. Todos juntos somos muito mais do que 27. Se trabalharmos todos juntos, ninguém fica para trás.

    (O orador aceita responder a uma pergunta «cartão azul»)

     
       

     

      João Oliveira (The Left), Pergunta segundo o procedimento «cartão azul». – Senhor Deputado Sérgio Humberto, falou, na sua intervenção, da importância da educação e da formação para a qualificação dos trabalhadores. E eu quero que nos diga: como é que isso se faz, aceitando as restrições orçamentais que a União Europeia nos impõe? Como é que isso se faz – como neste momento acontece em Portugal – com o Governo que o senhor apoia a apresentar uma proposta de Orçamento do Estado que, aceitando as restrições orçamentais que a União Europeia nos impõe, não investe na escola pública, não investe na contratação e na requalificação das carreiras dos professores, não investe na contratação e na valorização dos auxiliares de ação educativa, dos técnicos especializados?

    Como é que isso tudo se faz? Porque, senão, o seu discurso é uma contradição com a prática.

     
       

     

      Sérgio Humberto (PPE), Resposta segundo o procedimento «cartão azul». – Caro Colega João Oliveira, durante os últimos nove anos, o meu país foi governado pela esquerda. Uma geringonça entre o Partido Socialista, o seu partido – o Partido Comunista – e o Bloco de Esquerda. Durante nove anos, desinvestiu‑se no sistema público educativo, desinvestiu‑se na saúde, desinvestiu‑se naquilo que eram os serviços públicos e este Governo, nos últimos – apenas – seis meses, já demonstrou que está a apostar na educação, que é fundamental para as pessoas crescerem.

    Nós só conseguimos redistribuir se nós formos um país mais rico e mais próspero.

     
       

     

      Elisabetta Gualmini (S&D). – Mr President, Commissioner, the spread of digital technologies is having a huge impact on the labour market, and innovations such as AI, robotics, quantum technology and 6G are triggering a wave of new demands for a new generation of advanced digital skills.

    The Draghi report strongly highlights how digitalisation and AI are essential, for example for the public sector due to its ability to provide quality public goods in the fields of health, education, justice and welfare. We need to work hard on the European digital decade programme and its ambitious goals, pushing professional training and life-long learning.

    We are still lagging behind: in Italy, only 22 % of the population have advanced digital skills. Only 30 % of SMEs have implemented a solid digital strategy, which is not a luxury, it’s a strategic asset. So we shouldn’t be afraid of change and Europe’s strength has always relied upon its people. By empowering them, we ensure that our communities grow and that the EU remains a global leader in innovation.

     
       

     

      Kris Van Dijck (ECR). – Voorzitter, commissaris, ik kom uit een land dat geen grondstoffen heeft, maar wel hersenen. Dat is het beste menselijk kapitaal. Wat voor Vlaanderen geldt, geldt in hoge mate voor heel Europa. Echter, PISA-resultaten tonen ons keer op keer dat de studieresultaten van onze jongeren er niet op vooruit gaan. Integendeel. We moeten dus onze lidstaten oproepen – niet in hun plaats treden, maar oproepen en ondersteunen – om de kwaliteit van ons onderwijs fundamenteel te verbeteren en op topniveau te brengen.

    Daarvoor moeten we streven naar uitmuntende prestaties, met aandacht voor kennisoverdracht bij kinderen en scholieren. We moeten leerkrachten en docenten de ruimte geven om hun werk te doen: lesgeven. We moeten gebruikmaken van moderne digitale technieken in alle opleidingen. We moeten universiteiten laten samenwerken en uitwisselen, bijvoorbeeld met het Erasmus+‑programma, over de grenzen heen. We moeten technische opleidingen en kunstopleidingen elkaar laten bevruchten. We moeten onderzoekers en wetenschappers in de EU de nodige omkadering en infrastructuur bieden, zodat ze niet vertrekken. We moeten projecten waarin we veel geld hebben gestoken niet laten doodbloeden zolang er resultaten zijn, zoals nu met de fusiereactor JET dreigt te gebeuren. Goed onderwijs is de basis voor een sterk Europa.

     
       

     

      Billy Kelleher (Renew). – Mr President, the Draghi report makes very sober reading for us in the European Union with regard to the challenges that we face in the digital economy and in the green economy in particular. Also, when you couple that with the demographic changes that are happening and the fact that we are an ageing population, our skills and labour force planning leaves a lot to be desired.

    What has happened now is that we’ve been found out with regard to skills shortages in key areas right across the entire economy. For example, 54 % of EU businesses, big and small, report skills shortages as the most pressing issue facing them.

    So we need to incentivise and reward upskilling and reskilling. We also need to promote lifelong learning, something that is more important as life expectancy increases over the years, and back‑to‑education and back‑to‑work as well. There are many cohorts of people, particularly women, who are not able to get back into the workplace because of a lack of support when finished with child rearing.

    That is a key area where we have consistently failed across many economies in the European Union in terms of incentivising and supporting labour activation and back‑to‑work and back‑to‑education for cohorts that were locked out for various reasons.

    So I hope that we invest in skills and lifelong learning and back‑to‑education, and support labour mobility as well.

     
       

     

      João Oliveira (The Left). – Senhor Presidente, a produtividade do trabalho tem vindo a aumentar sempre acima da evolução dos salários reais. A consequência disto é a transferência de riqueza criada pelos trabalhadores para o capital, e esse problema só pode ser resolvido aumentando os salários e garantindo uma distribuição mais justa da riqueza criada. Essa é a questão de fundo.

    Mas, este debate sobre a competitividade centra‑se, apenas, na comparação concorrencial com os Estados Unidos e a China. O relatório de Draghi é uma espécie de Bíblia não confessada da Comissão Europeia. Nesse relatório, os trabalhadores são vistos apenas como peças de uma engrenagem de produção, os seus direitos e necessidades não são considerados e a competitividade é abordada, dando prioridade à criação de empresas monopolistas pan‑europeias, à concentração e centralização do capital, ao agravamento da exploração de quem trabalha.

    O caminho do desenvolvimento e da justiça social é outro e tem de ter no centro das preocupações e prioridades políticas os trabalhadores, os seus direitos, os seus salários, as suas condições de vida e uma distribuição mais justa da riqueza criada pelo trabalho.

     
       

     

      Giusi Princi (PPE). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, signor Commissario, la nostra capacità di rimanere competitivi e resilienti dipende dalla qualità delle competenze. La relazione Draghi evidenzia chiaramente come l’investimento in questo contesto sia essenziale per formare una forza lavoro altamente qualificata.

    È questa l’unica via per garantire all’Europa un ruolo leadership nelle industrie chiave come il digitale, l’energia verde e la finanza sostenibile. Nei primi vent’anni del XXI secolo abbiamo assistito a forme di conoscenza e di produzioni innovative che, in ultimo, con l’avvento dell’intelligenza artificiale, hanno generato profondi cambiamenti professionali. Il 56% dei lavori sta scomparendo e subirà imponenti trasformazioni entro pochi decenni.

    Occorre affrontare le nuove sfide ripensando a nuovi modelli educativi e formativi. L’Europa è ancora indietro negli investimenti, nella ricerca e nell’educazione rispetto a Stati Uniti e Cina. Ma anche all’interno dello stesso continente vediamo i Paesi del Nord investire maggiormente risorse umane rispetto alle aree marginali del Sud Europa.

    Il gruppo PPE e Forza Italia, con il suo recente documento economico, sono fermamente convinti che l’Anno europeo delle competenze debba quindi rappresentare un’opportunità per investire in modo uniforme in ricerca, educazione e innovazione per arginare la mancanza di specializzazioni e la profonda carenza tra domanda e offerta di competenze.

    Il nostro impegno, però, non può essere esclusivamente tecnico. Dobbiamo garantire che l’accesso alle competenze sia equo e inclusivo: tutti devono poter partecipare attivamente alla crescita europea per evitare che il progresso tecnologico crei nuove disuguaglianze.

     
       

     

      Tiemo Wölken (S&D). – Sehr geehrter Herr Präsident, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Die Liste der Herausforderungen, die Draghi uns ins Pflichtenheft geschrieben hat, ist lang. Da ist der unvollendete Binnenmarkt, da ist eine unkoordinierte Industriepolitik und immer größer werdende Abhängigkeit bei kritischen Technologien, die letztlich unsere politische Handlungsfähigkeit, aber auch unsere Gesellschaft als Ganzes bedrohen. Wir diskutieren jetzt aktiv die Bewältigung dieser Mammutaufgabe. Aber zu oft bleiben wir dabei bei plakativen, einfachen Forderungen. Die einen sagen „mehr Subventionen“, die anderen sagen „weg mit jeglicher Bürokratie“ – und das Problem sei gelöst.

    Diese vermeintlich einfachen Lösungen sind aber nicht die Antwort, denn Sie vergessen am Ende, worauf es ankommt – auf die Bürgerinnen und Bürger Europas. Wir brauchen für sie und mit ihnen eine digitale, eine grüne Transformation, die ganzheitlich ansetzt und den Menschen in den Mittelpunkt stellt. Und wir müssen fragen: Liebe Bürgerinnen und Bürger, was braucht ihr, um anzupacken, damit diese Transformation gelingt?

    Und ja, dazu gehören auch Subventionen und bürokratische Entlastungen. Aber es geht um gute Arbeitsplätze, um Arbeitnehmerinnen- und Arbeitnehmerrechte, um unsere Lebensbedingungen in Europa und das richtige Handwerkszeug für uns Europäerinnen und Europäer, und deswegen müssen wir gemeinsam anpacken.

     
       

     

      Beatrice Timgren (ECR). – Herr talman! EU vill överbrygga kompetensklyftan och öka konkurrenskraften enligt Draghi-rapporten. Men vad innebär det? Fler lånefinansierade bidrag som svenska sjuksköterskor och byggarbetare kommer att behöva betala och även framtida generationer.

    Draghi vill införa EU-skatter och avskaffa vetorätten. Det här är ett direkt hot mot Sveriges självständighet.

    EU föreslås också öka stödet till den digitala och den gröna omställningen. Det låter gulligt, men det blir en dyr affär för Sverige som redan är världsledande. Vi har redan plöjt ner miljarder i gröna prestigeprojekt som inte levererar. Räcker inte det?

    Det är vanliga medborgares intressen som vi ska värna, inte EU-kläggets utopiska visioner, som gör det svårt att driva företag, betala elräkningen eller få vardagen att gå ihop.

    Enligt tidningen Näringsliv borde Draghi-rapporten skrämma slag på EU. Jag undrar, lyssnar ni borgerliga EPP? Är ni beredda att hjälpa oss att skrota dessa galna planer?

     
       


     

      Andrea Wechsler (PPE). – Sehr geehrter Herr Präsident, sehr geehrte Damen und Herren! Am gestrigen Abend saß ich mit vielen jungen Menschen aus der Textilindustrie zusammen, die die Hoffnungsträger dieser Branche sind. Ich saß aber auch mit vielen Unternehmerinnen und Unternehmern zusammen, die diese Branche vertrauensvoll in die Hände der nächsten Generation geben wollen. Die Diskussion drehte sich immer wieder um die Frage: „Wie können wir, Alt und Jung gemeinsam, in Europa zusammenstehen, um den Wandel und die Transformation in Europa hin zu einer nachhaltigen, zu einer digitalen Zukunft zu gestalten?“

    Es zeigten sich immer wieder die zwei gleichen Herausforderungen: Es fehlt in der Textilindustrie, genauso wie in vielen anderen Branchen, der Nachwuchs; und zweitens stellen wir über die gesamte Arbeitnehmerschaft fest, dass essenzielle Kompetenzen, insbesondere im handwerklichen und digitalen Bereich, fehlen.

    Diese Herausforderungen können wir sogar in konkrete Zahlen fassen. Fast drei Millionen junge Menschen in Deutschland zwischen 20 und 34 Jahren haben keinen Berufsabschluss. Ihnen fehlen die essenziellen Kompetenzen, die Qualifikationen, die unser Arbeitsmarkt auch braucht. Das ist kein deutsches Phänomen; wenn wir den Bericht von Herrn Draghi ansehen, sehen wir, dass 42 % der Europäer die digitalen Fähigkeiten nicht haben, die sie für die Zukunft in Europa benötigen.

    Das ist nicht nur ein Alarmsignal, sondern das ist Auftrag für uns. Wir müssen mit aller Dringlichkeit den Fokus auf digitale und technische Kompetenzen legen und das in das Zentrum unserer Bildungslandschaft setzen. Wir müssen den Fokus auf lebenslanges Lernen legen und auch der älteren Generation eine Chance auf Weiterbildung geben.

    Für uns Christdemokraten steht der Mensch im Mittelpunkt unserer Politik. Wenn wir in unsere Bürgerinnen und Bürger, unsere jungen Talente, unsere erfahrenen Kräfte investieren, investieren wir in die Zukunft Europas.

     
       


     

      Tobiasz Bocheński (ECR). – Panie Przewodniczący! Dzisiejsza debata jest niesłychana, ponieważ kolejny raz, już niezliczoną liczbę razy dyskutujemy tutaj o tym samym. Unia Europejska znajduje się naprawdę w bardzo poważnym kryzysie gospodarczym i w kryzysie konkurencyjności, co wykazał raport Draghiego.

    Ale przychodzicie tutaj, deliberujecie i posługujecie się ciągle tymi samymi okrągłymi określeniami, z których nic nie wynika. Konkurencyjność nie bierze się z biurokracji, konkurencyjność nie bierze się z nadregulacji, nie bierze się z inflacji prawa. Konkurencyjność budowana jest przez przedsiębiorców. Konkurencyjność budowana jest przez wolność gospodarczą, która jest gnieciona od czasu przyjęcia traktatu z Lizbony przez dyrektywy i rozporządzenia Unii Europejskiej. Nie gwarantujecie i nie dajecie żadnej rękojmi, że jesteście w stanie przeprowadzić jakikolwiek skomplikowany, ambitny program, który doprowadzi do zwiększenia konkurencyjności w Unii Europejskiej.

    Powinniście zejść z tej drogi i dokonać głębokiej reformy ustawodawstwa europejskiego. Inaczej biegniemy ku ścianie i będziemy skansenem w porównaniu z Chinami i Stanami Zjednoczonymi.

    (Mówca zgodził się na pytanie zasygnalizowane przez podniesienie niebieskiej kartki)

     
       


     

      Tobiasz Bocheński (ECR), odpowiedź na pytanie zadane przez podniesienie niebieskiej kartki. – Ma pan częściowo rację, o tyle, o ile każde przedsiębiorstwo składa się zarówno z pracowników, jak i z pracodawcy. Ale nie jest prawdą, że powinniśmy akcentować jedynie rolę pracowników, ponieważ jeżeli tak będziemy robili, to doprowadzimy do sytuacji, w której nie będzie żadnych przedsiębiorstw i skończymy jak Związek Radziecki. Bogactwo narodów bierze się z pracy, jak pisał Adam Smith. Bogactwo narodów bierze się z przedsiębiorczości, a pracownicy mają dostawać godne wynagrodzenie za pracę, którą wykonują.

     
       



     

      Paulius Saudargas (PPE). – Mr President, Commissioner, dear colleagues, Europe is in a vicious circle. We all knew it, but Mario Draghi clearly stated it: the king is naked.

    We are not competitive anymore. We lack innovation. But who creates innovation? The people. But we are in a big shortage of those people. First of all, the demography. We are dying out. Secondly, the immigration does not solve the problem of shrinking labour force and does not reduce the skills gap because the migrants do not necessarily meet the right skills portfolio.

    This debate should be a clear message to our educational sector as well. The universities and schools should provide more up-to-date programmes in accordance with the market demand. But, of course, I do not question the need for EU to invest more. Investment in our brightest people and their haute couture skills is a most worthy investment.

    The skills shortage is a growing barrier to innovation. We have talent, but not enough. Europe produces only 850 science, technology, engineering and math graduates per million inhabitants per year, compared to more than 1 100 in the United States. So, having this type of dynamics, the problems will eventually grow. Additionally to the direct solutions in the educational system, we should also have in mind the demography and targeted immigration policy.

    Dear colleagues, the developing artificial intelligence and its adaptation in various sectors will open problems in the labour market that we never faced. Let’s be aware.

     
       


     

      Andrzej Buła (PPE). – Panie Przewodniczący! Panie komisarzu! Raport Draghiego i wiele innych badań oraz dokumentów pokazują, że mieszkańcy Europy dla własnego bezpieczeństwa zawodowego i poczucia osobistej wartości muszą mieć możliwość podnoszenia kompetencji i kwalifikacji. Chcemy, aby mieli warunki do kształcenia się przez całe życie. Trudno zmierzyć te wartości przez pryzmat potrzeb przedsiębiorców, ale wskazują oni, że konkurencja gospodarcza wymaga wysoko wykwalifikowanych kadr. Natomiast żaden mieszkaniec Europy nie powinien obawiać się, że czegoś nie umie, i bać się podejmować nowych wyzwań.

    Europejski Fundusz Społeczny ma ogromny, lecz wciąż niewykorzystany potencjał w zapewnieniu ukierunkowanych szkoleń i możliwości podnoszenia kwalifikacji. Dlatego też program ten powinien być kontynuowany także po 2027 roku, z odpowiednim, wysokim budżetem, tak aby mógł pełnić kluczową rolę w wyposażaniu naszego społeczeństwa w umiejętności przyszłości.

     
       

     

      Estelle Ceulemans (S&D). – Monsieur le Président, il est clair que des engagements forts doivent être pris pour améliorer les compétences et la formation, qui sont des composantes clés pour relever les défis des transitions climatique et numérique, mais aussi pour répondre à l’enjeu des pénuries d’emplois dans certains secteurs, comme ceux de l’aide aux personnes, des soins de santé et de l’enseignement.

    Mais il est important de souligner que cette question est surtout liée à celle de la qualité de l’emploi dans ces secteurs dits en pénurie. Tout d’abord, les salaires sont souvent trop faibles. Il faut donc faire en sorte de les hausser. Mais les conditions de travail posent aussi problème. Il faut donc œuvrer ensemble pour mieux aborder des sujets tels que les risques psychosociaux, le surmenage, le télétravail et le droit à la déconnexion.

    Enfin, reste la question de la conciliation entre vie privée et vie professionnelle. Ce point est déterminant pour mieux intégrer les femmes sur le marché du travail, il est aussi crucial pour les jeunes. Et puis, il faut reconnaître, et c’est essentiel, le rôle des interlocuteurs sociaux, qui sont les seuls à véritablement connaître les besoins des travailleurs et les réalités du monde du travail, et par conséquent à pouvoir répondre à ces enjeux de formation.

     
       

     

      Axel Voss (PPE). – Herr Präsident, Herr Kommissar, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Wir können nicht wirklich geschockt sein über die Erkenntnisse aus dem Draghi-Bericht. Seit Jahren hören wir eigentlich das Klagen, und wir nehmen es irgendwie nicht wirklich ernst. Wann müssen wir eigentlich mal aufwachen, glaube ich?

    Die digitale Agenda gehört an die Spitze unserer ganzen Agenda, und das muss wirklich ganz oben stehen, um die Menschen hier auch mitzunehmen. Bei dem digitalen Wettbewerb brauchen wir: erstens eine Garantie für die Hochgeschwindigkeitsverbindungen, für eine robuste digitale Infrastruktur; zweitens eine klare Strategie für digital skills, die die Ressourcen auch entsprechend bündelt; drittens ein EU-Visa-Programm auch für die digitalen Talente in der Welt; viertens eine offene und einheitliche Datenbank für Einzelpersonen und Unternehmen, um Umschulungsmöglichkeiten und Trainingsprogramme zu finden; und fünftens sollten wir auch umsonst Onlinekurse anbieten, um Kompetenzen im digitalen Bereich auch auszubauen.

    Jedenfalls sollten wir diese Entwicklungen wirklich ernst nehmen, und wir können uns heute nicht ernsthaft darüber beschweren, dass jemand außerhalb der Europäischen Kommission oder außerhalb des Parlaments uns erzählt, was wir machen müssen; das sollte schon von uns selber kommen. Deshalb hoffe ich, dass wir diesen Weg jetzt auch endlich beschreiten.

     
       


     

      Esther Herranz García (PPE). – Señor presidente, señor comisario, cuando hablamos del déficit de capacidades de competitividad, solemos siempre centrarnos en sectores relacionados con el desarrollo informático o la economía 4.0. Sin embargo, hay un sector económico clave para nuestra autonomía estratégica y nuestra competitividad al que no se le suele prestar atención, como es el de la agricultura y la ganadería.

    En las últimas décadas ha habido una enorme evolución en el uso de las nuevas tecnologías y técnicas de precisión en el sector primario, que requieren formación específica y avanzada para que pueda exprimirse todo su potencial. En esta línea, quiero felicitar a la Comisión Europea por impulsar el Pacto por las Capacidades en el sector agroalimentario: sé que hay voluntad de seguir apoyándolo durante este mandato y así espero que sea. Es vital para el desarrollo del tejido económico de las áreas rurales y para incentivar el relevo generacional.

    Y en esa misma línea, quiero aprovechar, antes de terminar, para pedir que se impulse una visión de la agricultura como sector económico atractivo también en las etapas formativas obligatorias. La agricultura y la ganadería deben ser un elemento fundamental en nuestras estrategias de competitividad y, sin atraer a futuros profesionales, será extremadamente difícil conseguirlo.

     
       

     

      Marc Angel (S&D). – Mr President, dear all, closing the EU’s skills gap is a must for all transitions that our society, our workforce and our economy are facing now and in the future. When it comes to the climate and to digital transitions, we need to come back to a positive narrative – highlighting the opportunities, but of course also addressing fears and doubts.

    To close our skills gap, we also need a true single market of skills by facilitating the recognition of the competencies of our workforces between our Member States.

    I want to thank Commissioner Nicolas Schmit for the work already delivered with the European Years of Skills, individual learning accounts and the extension of the Erasmus+ mission. All this has improved access to vocational education and training for all, and we must continue on that path.

    If the new Commission wants to use ‘skills, skills, skills’ as a mantra, we must not forget that our citizens, our workforce, young and old, will only embrace this if lifelong learning and upskilling lead to better jobs, to quality jobs.

    Indeed, when we discuss skills, we have to address the social dimension of competitiveness and jobs, and cherish social dialogue.

     
       


     

      Annalisa Corrado (S&D). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, stiamo navigando in acque in tempesta, con profondi cambiamenti in atto che dobbiamo governare. Quando soffia il vento del cambiamento, gli stolti costruiscono muri, i saggi mulini a vento.

    L’Europa, alla prova di questa sfida, deve saper costruire un sistema di formazione e ricerca inclusivo e integrato, che consenta di sviluppare competenze con uno sguardo sistemico e multidisciplinare a servizio del bene comune, a servizio della trasformazione ecologica e digitale delle nostre economie e società.

    Serve una particolare attenzione alle competenze tecnico scientifiche. Impossibile governare questo cambiamento senza politiche di inclusione e sostegno per i giovani; impossibile, senza liberare l’enorme potenziale delle donne che sono tenute lontane dalle discipline tecnico-scientifiche da una spaventosa e antistorica arretratezza culturale, che non ha alcuna ragione di esistere: parola di ingegnera meccanica.

    Colleghe, colleghi, a partire dal bilancio 2025 e per il quadro finanziario del prossimo settennato, servono risorse all’altezza di questa sfida.

     
       

     

      Bruno Gonçalves (S&D). – Senhor Presidente, Mario Draghi avisou‑nos de que a Europa está a ficar para trás – uma economia menos competitiva, pouco inovadora e dependente de importações. A resposta da direita é sempre a mesma: cortes indiscriminados de impostos em benefício sobretudo das grandes empresas multinacionais. Mas não é assim que nós conseguimos mudar o nosso rumo.

    Reduzir o diferencial para os Estados Unidos e para a China, mas também para as assimetrias internas da nossa União, desenvolvendo as economias periféricas, exige uma indústria a sério, que contribua para uma redução das emissões com mais energias renováveis, uma indústria limpa, sustentável, que ofereça bons empregos para todos, sejam mais ou menos qualificados.

    Uma revolução digital tem também de ser social. Para isso, não há melhor solução do que investir nas pessoas. Só assim podemos garantir que a Europa de hoje tenha mão de obra especializada que nos faz falta; e, mais importante do que isso, que no futuro ninguém fica para trás. Ou esta é uma socialmente justa transição ou corre o risco de nunca ver a luz do dia.

     
       

       

    Catch-the-eye procedure

     
       

     

      Hélder Sousa Silva (PPE). – Senhor Presidente, Caro Comissário, Caros Colegas, o relatório de Draghi é bem claro: sem trabalhadores qualificados, o nosso futuro está claramente em risco. Hoje, as competências vão muito além da matemática e da gramática, é preciso dominar o digital e dominar também áreas transversais, como a sustentabilidade e a criatividade.

    Aqui, o Erasmus+ é verdadeiramente um aliado e este programa é muito mais do que mobilidade, é uma ponte entre a educação e o mercado de trabalho. Por isso, os cortes propostos pelo Conselho para o programa Erasmus+ são um erro estratégico e são verdadeiramente inaceitáveis. Daí que o Parlamento – e bem – proponha um reforço, para o ano de 2025, de cerca de 70 milhões de EUR.

    Agora, é tempo de agir, fortalecendo a competitividade, através do reforço da formação na nossa União.

     
       

       

    PRESIDENZA: PINA PICIERNO
    Vicepresidente

     
       


     

      Nina Carberry (PPE). – Madam President, Commissioner, the greatest asset that Europe has is its people. Since its inception, the European Union has funded and driven the development of its people through education, skills and apprenticeships.

    But if we are to compete on a global scale, we need to break down the barriers that are causing the skills gap in Europe. Housing, infrastructure, red tape, the cost of living – things that are not just unique to Ireland – are the main barriers. And while our urban areas are very attractive for our young skilled workforce, we need a more comprehensive plan for our rural areas. In my constituency, in the Midlands–North-West in Ireland, young people often see Dublin and other urban areas as their only option for work and education.

    The EU needs to be at the forefront of solving these problems with a comprehensive plan for the development of rural areas. We need to show young people that their future can be at home, that they can innovate and thrive, not tens of thousands of miles away, but right here in the European Union.

     
       


     

      Tomislav Sokol (PPE). – Poštovana predsjedavajuća, države članice, sve se više susreću s problemom nedostatka radne snage, a 54 % poduzetnika ističe da je žurno potrebno riješiti ovaj problem.

    U Draghijevom izvješću ispravno je primijećeno da su uzroci manjka radne snage neusklađenost obrazovnih sustava s potrebama tržišta rada, sve manji broj radno aktivnog stanovništva, ali i loši radni uvjeti gdje svakako spadaju i nekonkurentne plaće. Nedostatak kvalificirane radne snage i dalje je najvažniji ograničavajući čimbenik proizvodnje i sprečava jačanje europske konkurentnosti, a posebno ovim problemom pogođen je sektor turizma. Pored toga, nedostatak medicinskog osoblja, među kojima liječnika, medicinskih sestara i primalja, odavno je poznat i bitno utječe na kvalitetu pružanja zdravstvene skrbi pacijentima. Međutim, uvoz nisko kvalificirane radne snage iz trećih država nije dugoročno rješenje za ovaj problem. Zato odobravanju radnih dozvola ne smijemo olako pristupati. Stoga je važno kontinuirano raditi na poboljšanju radnih uvjeta, prilagođavanju obrazovnih programa potrebama tržišta rada, posebno u STEM području, te oblikovanju programa prekvalifikacija.

    Kolegice i kolege, neograničen uvoz radne snage dugoročno je neodrživ. Zato EU mora hitno djelovati na više razina. Očekujem stoga da nova Komisija u prvih 100 dana predstavi Akcijski plan za rješavanje pitanja nedostatka radne snage.

     
       

     

      Maria Grapini (S&D). – Doamnă președintă, domnule comisar, nu discutăm un subiect nou. De foarte mult timp constatăm că avem decalaje de competențe în Uniunea Europeană. Problema este, domnule comisar, dacă găsiți metodele bune, dacă se aplică. Avem multe programe: de reconversie, programe pentru competențe, mecanisme de ajustare, dar care este rezultatul? Vedem că nu reușim să eliminăm acest decalaj de competență. De ce?

    Educația trebuie suprapusă peste cerințele economiei. Avem o strategie acum de reindustrializare. De ce competențe avem nevoie? N-avem nevoie numai de diplome, avem nevoie de personal calificat. IMM-urile – 4 din 5 – nu-și găsesc oameni calificați. Nici celelalte companii n-au curajul să investească pentru că nu au personal calificat. De aceea, domnule comisar, sper ca noua Comisie să gândească când investește dacă are și un rezultat al investiției, și anume să eliminăm acest decalaj de competențe din Uniunea Europeană și între statele membre, dar și în raport cu piața globală.

     
       

     

      Branislav Ondruš (NI). – Vážená pani predsedajúca, dámy a páni, pri investíciách, aby znalosti a zručnosti pracujúcich zodpovedali technológiám či novým pracovným postupom, musíme dávať dôraz na to, aby z toho nemali prospech len firmy. U nás posilňujeme minimálnu mzdu, aby rástli aj tie ostatné, lebo zamestnávatelia si stále málo uvedomujú, že lepší zárobok a lepšie pracovné podmienky sú kľúčovou motiváciou pre celoživotné vzdelávanie. Ak nemajú ľudia zarábať viac, prečo by mali získavať nové znalosti a zručnosti len preto, lebo firmy, pre ktoré pracujú, budú konkurencieschopné? Lenže konkurencieschopnosť firiem, dámy a páni, má význam, iba ak sa prejaví aj na lepších pracovných podmienkach a vyšších platoch zamestnancov, nielen na ziskoch korporácií. Na Slovensku vytvárame systém individuálnych účtov, ktoré budú ľuďom poskytovať financie na vzdelávacie kurzy. Chcem presadiť, aby zamestnanci absolvovali vzdelávanie výlučne v pracovnom čase, a teda aby za čas strávený v kurze im firmy dali mzdu. Keďže kurzy zaplatíme z daní ľudí, považujem za férové, aby firmy prispeli aspoň takto.

     
       

     

      Grzegorz Braun (NI). – Madam President, ladies and gentlemen, this is no crisis. This is the result of your socialist policies. Just like famous and notorious socialist leaders Hitler, Stalin, Roosevelt had their plans – five-year plans, four-year plans, New Deal – so you have your Green Deal, Blue Deal, your migration pacts and so on and so on.

    You just can’t stop designing people’s future, stop messing around with our lives and our property. You don’t understand that you’re the main obstacle. While the other nations are conquering space, you’re changing bottle caps.

    This is the dimension of your ability. So please stop. The European Union has to be overthrown because the only dimension in which you could and you should be active is stability and security. The majority of you here are warmongers. So, the European Union, the Euro cohorts, should be overthrown.

     
       

     

      Milan Mazurek (NI). – Vážená pani predsedajúca, pomaly každý deň tu hovoríme stále o tom istom. Európska únia zaostáva, naše štáty sa prepadajú do chudoby. mladí ľudia si nie sú schopní zadovážiť normálne dostupné bývanie, pretože ceny nehnuteľností sú extrémne vysoké. Ale s čím máte, kolegovia, najväčší problém, je pomenovať vinníka tohto stavu. Ten vinník ste práve vy, ktorí hlasujete za väčšinu týchto nezmyselných európskych politík. Vinníkom sú ľudia, ktorí podporili v tomto pléne greend deal, ktorý obmedzuje životy ľudí na tej najzákladnejšej bazálnej úrovni. Vy zavádzate emisné povolenky pre domácnosti, vy predražuje palivá, vy spôsobujete vašimi ekonomickými sankciami, že život v Európe sa jednoducho prepadáva k stále horším a horším atribútom. Potom sa divíte, že Čína, Amerika, Rusko Európskej únii unikajú? Vy jednoducho potrebujete prestať s týmito nezmyselnými plánmi a nechať ľudí žiť normálne slobodne prosperovať a vyvíjať sa tak, ako to bolo v Európe odveky, keď Európa bola práve nositeľom inovácií vo svete. Toto plénum, Európska komisia a Európska rada sú kľúčovým dôvodom, prečo sa dnes takýmto spôsobom prepadáme.

     
       

       

    (Fine della procedura “catch the eye”)

     
       

     

      Janusz Wojciechowski, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, honourable Members, thank you very much for all contributions in this very interesting, inspiring debate. Particularly, as Commissioner for Agriculture, I’d like to thank those speakers who mentioned the importance of skills and education in agriculture. The modern agriculture requires high skills. Education and multidisciplinary knowledge is needed in this difficult job.

    There was in many speeches the question to compare development between the European Union and the United States. Maybe this is a good opportunity to mention that, in agriculture, despite having two times less agricultural land and having 12 times smaller farms in the European Union, the value of agricultural production is higher in the EU than in the US.

    We have also a very positive trade balance with United States, because the value of exports is about EUR 28 billion and imports about EUR 11 billion.

    Thank you again for the discussion. Adapting skills policy to the changing society and the changing labour market is, by definition, a continuous process. The European Year of Skills has left an important legacy. This legacy is reflected in the political guidelines of President von der Leyen, committing to the establishment of a Union of Skills in her next mandate. Europe needs this overarching political strategy to close the skills gap, to strengthen our competitiveness and social well-being.

     
       

     

      Presidente. – La discussione è chiusa.

     

    4. Abuse of new technologies to manipulate and radicalise young people through hate speech and antidemocratic discourse (debate)


     

      Janusz Wojciechowski, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, honourable Members, respect for human dignity and fundamental rights, including equality, are founding values of the Union.

    Hate speech, inciting violence and hatred on the grounds of race, colour, religion or ethnic origin is illegal in the EU also when it happens online. Hate waves starting online lead to polarisation and radicalisation and many turn into violent attacks.

    We have seen that new technologies are abused to foster anti-democratic views. Young people are particularly targeted and exposed. We must help young people become more resilient to extreme views. For them and for our democracies, as youngsters are the citizens of tomorrow.

    The EU horizontal framework to create a safer online space is the Digital Services Act (DSA). Under the DSA, online platforms have to set up new and user-friendly mechanisms to flag illegal content, and they must better explain their content moderation decisions. They are also obliged to promptly inform law enforcement or judicial authorities of any suspicion of a criminal offence involving a threat to the life or safety of a person.

    The major platforms like TikTok, Instagram, Facebook, Snapchat or YouTube need to identify and assess any systemic risk their services may pose. They need to ensure that illegal contact content does not go viral easily, and adapt their algorithms to protect minors.

    During the last six months, the Commission has opened investigations against TikTok, Meta and Instagram related to the protection of minors. The industry has committed to a voluntary code of conduct on countering illegal hate speech. Signatories must swiftly review hate speech noticed within 24 hours and swiftly remove illegal content. An updated version of this code is in the process of being integrated in the Digital Services Act, thus becoming part of its risk mitigation approach.

    The response of hate speech needs to involve citizens at large. We made this clear in the Commission communication of December last year on combating hate. In June, the Commission organised a European Citizens’ Panel on tackling hatred in society and focusing on digital threats. It showed that dialogue can overcome polarisation. The Commission is committed to following up on the citizens’ recommendations.

    In the fight against disinformation, the EU supports the European Digital Media Observatory. Independent fact-checkers, researchers and media literacy experts detect, analyse and expose potential disinformation threats. A wide network of trusted vloggers are already active in identifying illegal hate speech. They will soon benefit from the trusted flagger mechanism in the DSA.

    In the fight against hate and disinformation, it is also crucial to promote transparency, democratic accountability, pluralism and free and vibrant democratic debates. Last year, to support young citizens in the exercise of their electoral rights, the Commission adopted recommendations to Member States. This led to the signature of a joint code of conduct by European political parties ahead of the recent European Parliament elections. Your parties agreed to encourage inclusive political discourse and committed to refrain from disseminating content that incites violence or hate speech.

    Young people constitute a vulnerable group which can be exploited through the misuse of political advertising. With the new Political Advertising Regulation, it will not be possible to target political ads to young people at least one year under the voting age. Education plays a vital role in equipping all young people with the competencies to think critically about the content and discourse they encounter online and to actively combat efforts to radicalise and divide.

    Democratic citizenship education should equip all citizens with specific competencies to build their resilience against disinformation. Digital literacy is a key prerequisite for informed, confident and empowered digital citizens. The digital education action plan frames the commitment to implementing high-quality and inclusive digital education.

    Honourable Members, radicalisation is a complex process. It starts when somebody embraces an ideology or belief that accepts violence to reach a political or ideological goal. Artificial intelligence is increasingly being used for the dissemination of violent and terrorist content online that can lead to radicalisation.

    To counter that, the Commission has taken a number of important actions. This year we launched the EU Knowledge Hub for Prevention of Radicalisation to support Member States in preventing violent extremism at national level. Terrorists and violent extremists misuse the internet to spread their message to intimidate, radicalise, recruit and facilitate their actions.

    The European Union Internet Forum brings together tech companies, Member States, law enforcement agencies, civil society organisations and academia. Together, they develop concrete actions to address violent extremism and terrorist content online.

    In 2021, we adopted a regulation allowing Member States to issue removal orders of terrorist content to online service providers to be acted upon within 24 hours. So far, more than 1 100 removal orders were already issued.

    Looking after the well-being of younger people and children is a duty that we all have. We need to support them and give them the means they need to stand strong in the face of polarisation and not to fall prey to radicalisation. We need to understand the broader impacts of social media on them, and it is with this in mind that President von der Leyen announced an EU-wide inquiry on this topic in her political guidelines.

    I look forward to listening to your views in this multidimensional challenge.

     
       

     

      Lídia Pereira, em nome do Grupo PPE. – Senhora Presidente, o discurso do ódio online pode ser virtual, mas as consequências são bem reais. Há estudos que mostram que, em países como Portugal, um em cada dez jovens é vítima deste tipo de violência – um círculo vicioso que se perpetua, com vítimas a tornarem‑se agressores, e que vai afetando gerações. Embora as ofensas sejam virtuais, elas, de facto, têm impacto nas vidas reais; e a história de Nicole Fox, Coco, é um exemplo duro, como o PPE bem demonstrou numa campanha recente.

    No entanto, homens e mulheres sofrem de forma diferente com este fenómeno. Em Portugal, um grupo de Telegram onde 70 000 participantes, pessoas, devassam a intimidade das mulheres e, em alguns casos, de familiares. Este caso merece a nossa condenação e consternação. Seja a participação, a presença ou a própria existência desse grupo merecem o nosso repúdio. Este é um exemplo de um caso, e permitam‑me utilizar a palavra, de um caso nojento e inaceitável, cuja resposta só pode ser uma: meios para investigação e mão pesada nas penas.

    Mas, este combate não pode transformar‑se numa censura digital. Não podemos, sequer, cair na tentação de privatizar a responsabilidade pela gestão do discurso público digital, ao responsabilizar apenas as plataformas digitais. Isso representaria uma censura privada. Precisamos de maior capacitação judicial, maior colaboração com as plataformas digitais, maior consciencialização dos utilizadores – especialmente dos mais jovens – na utilização e nos riscos das redes sociais.

    O buraco negro do mundo digital cresce. O respeito entre homens e mulheres alicerça a convivência, a concórdia e a harmonia em sociedade, e esse, sim, tem de ser real.

     
       

     

      Alex Agius Saliba, on behalf of the S&D Group. – Madam President, what is illegal offline should be illegal online. Tech firms often use every dirty trick that they can think of to maximise their profits and keep their audience hooked through sensationalist and harmful content. Unfortunately, violent extremists are using the same tricks, and with predatory algorithms, troll farms and bots spewing misinformation and disinformation, catchy memes and short clips are finding ways to recruit, socialise and target young people that are particularly vulnerable to online propaganda, hate speech and violent content.

    The problem is not a new one, yet for many years we have treated the web as the digital Wild West, where everything was allowed. To change this, we must ensure that companies running social media platforms are not exploitative and do not cause harm, and that they keep their services safe and free from hate speech, misinformation and malicious algorithmic activities. To this end, we need to properly enforce the legislation already in place, demand results and impose larger sanctions on tech giants that fall short.

    Second, we need media and digital competences enshrined to all educational levels and for all generations. This will help young people, in particular, to develop critical‑thinking skills and build resilience to violent, extremist and terrorist content online. Young people need to know their rights, distinguish facts from opinions, understand how societies work and should work, the value of privacy and the protection of their personal data, and how technologies and social media can be manipulated, and how to safeguard themselves against it.

    Last but not least, we need to address the root causes of radicalisation, since there is no single cause or pathway into radicalisation and violent extremism. The digital technologies might be a facilitator, but they are rarely the cause. Radicalisation doesn’t happen overnight and, as a community, we all have a crucial role to play in ensuring our young people remain safe.

     
       

     

      Jorge Buxadé Villalba, en nombre del Grupo PfE. – Señora presidente, jamás en la historia de Occidente el ser humano ha sido sometido a este nivel de censura y tortura intelectual, convirtiendo al criminal en víctima y a la víctima en criminal.

    Publicar un tuit preguntando cuál es la nacionalidad del último asesino o violador en Barcelona no es un crimen; no es un crimen denunciar que las mujeres han perdido 900 medallas en competiciones deportivas porque hombres que dicen ser mujeres les han arrebatado los triunfos injustamente; no es un crimen publicar que tu novia se siente insegura desde que el presidente de turno de tu región decidió abrir un centro de inmigrantes ilegales en tu barrio; no es un crimen denunciar los asesinatos masivos de inocentes por parte de comunistas en Paracuellos o en Katyn; no es un crimen publicar la foto de un feto triturado en una clínica abortista; no es un crimen contar que España civilizó a América, acabó con el canibalismo y construyó hospitales, templos y universidades.

    Pero sí es un crimen introducir algoritmos para dirigir al usuario hacia los mensajes que los millonarios quieren que veas en Telegram o en Facebook; bloquear y suspender la cuenta de Donald Trump; ofrecer a Elon Musk —como hizo la Comisión Europea— un acuerdo secreto e ilegal para censurar el discurso político a cambio de no ser multado; detener a decenas de británicos por convocar en redes sociales manifestaciones contra la inseguridad y la inmigración ilegal; utilizar el Centro para Contrarrestar el Odio Digital del Reino Unido para matar la red social de Elon Musk; o, como está haciendo Kamala Harris, pagar a falsos verificadores de noticias para desinformar y cancelar.

    Así que, jóvenes, seguid haciéndolo: contad lo que vivís, denunciad a los responsables y sentíos libres para expresar lo que os dé la puñetera gana. La libertad de expresión es la libertad de los patriotas.

     
       

     

      Piotr Müller, w imieniu grupy ECR. – Pani Przewodnicząca! Nie ma wątpliwości co do tego, że powinniśmy zajmować się ochroną przed treściami, które mogą być szkodliwe, przed treściami, które mogą wpływać źle na społeczeństwo, a w szczególności na wychowanie dzieci.

    Natomiast w tej Izbie i również w Komisji Europejskiej ten temat jest wykorzystywany bardzo często do tego, aby podjąć kroki idące o wiele dalej. Kroki, które powodują, że ogranicza się możliwość swobody wypowiedzi. Kroki, które powodują, że wprowadza się prewencyjną cenzurę. Wreszcie kroki, które powodują, że pada propozycja wycofania się z możliwości szyfrowania danych, szyfrowania komunikacji w takich komunikatorach jak Signal, WhatsApp, Messenger i tak dalej.

    Komisja Europejska ostatnio przedstawiła jeden z projektów, który zakłada między innymi właśnie likwidację szyfrowanej komunikacji i prewencyjne skanowanie treści obywateli. Szanowni państwo, to jest chyba wersja chińskiego internetu, a nie europejskiego!

    Ja od Komisji Europejskiej domagam się jasnej deklaracji, że projekt Chat Control pod kątem likwidacji szyfrowania zostanie wycofany. To jest pierwsza rzecz. I domagam się wreszcie odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy proponowaliście nielegalne porozumienia pod adresem X, pod adresem Elona Muska?

     
       

     

      Laurence Farreng, au nom du groupe Renew. – Madame la Présidente, Monsieur le Commissaire, depuis peu la propagande néonazie est devenue cool. Ça s’appelle le «pop fascisme», ça fait florès sur les réseaux sociaux, c’est du prêt-à-penser pour les jeunes. Il y a quelques semaines, j’ai été profondément choquée en découvrant un clip et un jeu vidéo sur le thème de la remigration créé par la branche jeunesse de l’AfD, parti allemand d’extrême droite dont quatorze députés siègent ici, dans ce Parlement. C’est pourquoi j’ai demandé ce débat. Les images, créées par intelligence artificielle, utilisent tous les codes de la propagande nazie. On y voit des personnes blanches, blondes, aryennes, qui dansent sur de la musique techno en refoulant dans des avions des personnes racisées. Le refrain? «Nous les renvoyons tous!» C’est intolérable.

    Si les œuvres racistes envahissent l’internet, je note ici une escalade, parce que ce clip et ce jeu vidéo ont été créés par un parti politique – l’AfD. On peut certes s’abriter derrière les législations. Oui, nous avons le règlement sur les services numériques pour rendre les plateformes responsables des contenus qu’elles hébergent – et notamment TikTok, quand on s’adresse aux jeunes. Oui, il faut rendre ces plateformes responsables, mais, à ma connaissance, cette vidéo circule toujours sur X.

    Alors qu’en France, par exemple, un jeune sur cinq ne sait pas ce qu’est la Shoah, il faut aller plus loin et condamner effectivement tous les contenus racistes, en commençant par sanctionner les ennemis de la démocratie qui sont déjà parmi nous.

     
       


     

      Pernando Barrena Arza, en nombre del Grupo The Left. – Señora presidenta, como todo cambio disruptivo, las enormes ventajas derivadas de la utilización de las nuevas tecnologías también tienen otra cara, en este caso proporcionada por la deshumanización que permite el anonimato. El crecimiento de las posiciones de ultraderecha tiene mucho que ver con la manipulación online para difundir mensajes de odio y antidemocráticos, desde los deepfakes a la mera difusión masiva de información falsa y difamante: todo vale. Y hasta las nuevas mayorías en este Parlamento tienen mucho que ver con la utilización de esos recursos oscuros. Creo que ustedes ya me entienden.

    Es especialmente grave que las plataformas que permiten este comportamiento estén en manos de magnates que las explotan en clave pura y dura de negocio. Son cuentas empresariales que no tienen ningún interés ni responsabilidad social y a quienes no interesan ni la veracidad ni el interés público.

    Existe una necesidad de nuevas plataformas, nuevas herramientas moderadas en contenidos veraces y legítimos, por encima de la rentabilidad y de la cuenta de resultados, que prioricen el interés público. No hay iniciativa privada que asegure el interés público; esto solo puede ser garantizado desde el ámbito público y, por lo tanto, emplazamos a la próxima Comisión a que nos haga llegar una reflexión sobre cómo desde ese ámbito público europeo se pueden crear nuevas plataformas que superen el modelo de negocio actual y garanticen la utilidad pública.

     
       

     

      Petras Gražulis, ESN frakcijos vardu. – Sveiki, esu paskutinis Sovietų Sąjungos politinis kalinys. Dėl to, kad kovojau prieš komunizmą, prieš šią ideologiją, buvau sovietiniuose lageriuose kalinamas. Šiandien, atgavus nepriklausomybę Lietuvai, ir vėl matosi kuriama nauja ideologija – genderistinė ideologija, baisesnė už komunistinę ideologiją. Ir tie, kurie gina krikščioniškas vertybes, pasisako prieš genderizmą, jie yra persekiojami Europos Sąjungos, jie yra teisiami. Neduok Dieve, „Facebook’e“ ar socialiniame tinkle išsakysi savo krikščionišką poziciją, kad tai yra nusikaltimas, homoseksualizmas. Tu būsi teisiamas. Ir man Lietuvoje iškelta byla, kad skaičiau apaštalo Pauliaus laišką romiečiams. Kur mes einame? Ta pati diktatūra, sukurta Europoje, tik ne komunizmo, o kažkokio genderizmo ir prisidengiant žmogaus teisių pagrindu. Mes einame, Europa, į susinaikinimą. Kadangi atsisakome savo vertybių, priimame kažkokią tai iškrypusią ideologiją. Kai atėjo galas Sovietų Sąjungai, ateis galas ir Europos Sąjungai, jeigu ji nekeis savo ideologijos ir nedraus žodžio laisvo, o krikščionims išpažinti ir reikšti savo tikėjimą.

     
       

     

      Ελεονώρα Μελέτη (PPE). – Κυρία Πρόεδρε, αγαπητοί συνάδελφοι, στη χώρα μου, την Ελλάδα, πρόσφατα, μια ομάδα ανήλικων κοριτσιών οργάνωσαν μέσω διαδικτυακής πλατφόρμας τον ξυλοδαρμό μιας συμμαθήτριάς τους. Τα ηχητικά μηνύματα και το οπτικό υλικό που είδαν το φως της δημοσιότητας ήταν σοκαριστικά. Το βίντεο του ξυλοδαρμού έγινε viral. Το κορίτσι κατέληξε στο νοσοκομείο και οι φίλοι της παρακίνησαν τον κόσμο σε εκδίκηση μέσω ρητορικής μίσους, δημοσιοποιώντας στα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης τα στοιχεία των δραστών. Στο Βέλγιο ένας άνδρας αυτοκτόνησε γιατί εικονικός συνομιλητής, προϊόν τεχνητής νοημοσύνης, τον έπεισε να θυσιάσει τη ζωή του για να σταματήσει η κλιματική αλλαγή. Σε πολλά κράτη μέλη οι ίδιες οι πλατφόρμες χρησιμοποιούνται για να πολώσουν και να στρατολογήσουν νέους για τρομοκρατικές επιθέσεις.

    Είναι ξεκάθαρο πως οι νέες τεχνολογίες αποτελούν πλέον ένα νέο κανάλι διάδοσης εξτρεμιστικών απόψεων και στρατολόγησης ατόμων σε εγκληματικές πράξεις. Η Ευρώπη πρέπει να αντιδράσει και να δράσει. Έχει γίνει μια καλή αρχή με τους κανόνες που περιγράφονται στην πράξη για τις ψηφιακές υπηρεσίες. Χρειάζεται όμως και άλλη πίεση. Οφείλουμε να ποινικοποιήσουμε τη ρητορική μίσους. Χρειάζεται η ανωνυμία του διαδικτύου να αίρεται όταν αυτό είναι απαραίτητο. Πρέπει να βρεθεί ένας τρόπος να δαμάσουμε τη σκοτεινή πλευρά της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης. Είναι ανάγκη να ελέγχεται η πρόσβαση των παιδιών στο διαδίκτυο και να απαγορεύεται ρητά σε συγκεκριμένες παιδικές ηλικίες για το καλό όλων μας. Στη χώρα μου, η κυβέρνησή μας έχει ήδη ενσωματώσει την πράξη για τις ψηφιακές υπηρεσίες. Η Επιτροπή όμως οφείλει να ελέγχει την ενσωμάτωση του κανόνα σε όλα τα κράτη μέλη.

    Οι νέες τεχνολογίες έχουν να προσφέρουν πολλά καλά στην ανθρωπότητα, αλλά αυταπόδεικτα μπορούν να μετατραπούν σε σκληρά όπλα, ικανά να προάγουν τον τρόμο, το ψέμα, το φόβο, το μίσος, τη βία. Είναι στο χέρι μας αυτό να αλλάξει.

     
       

     

      Sabrina Repp (S&D). – Frau Präsidentin! Neue Technologien bieten große Chancen: Sie eröffnen den Zugang zu einer Welt des Wissens und der Vernetzung. Doch es gibt auch eine Kehrseite: Die Macht der großen digitalen Plattformen ist mittlerweile überdimensional gewachsen. Es beunruhigt mich, dass wir uns auf die moralischen Vorstellungen der wenigen Milliardäre verlassen, die diese Plattformen kontrollieren. Wir sollten uns nicht von der Tageslaune eines Elon Musk, eines Mark Zuckerbergs oder gar eines Wladimir Putins abhängig machen.

    Der Einfluss dieser Plattformen auf unsere Demokratie ist unübersehbar. Der Brexit war nur ein Vorgeschmack dessen, was passieren kann, wenn Algorithmen entscheiden, welche Inhalte wir sehen. Je radikaler der Inhalt, desto mehr Klicks bekommt er. Und das Ergebnis: eine verzerrte Realität, in der Angst, Hass und Misstrauen gegenüber unseren demokratischen Institutionen genährt wird. Das machen sich auch Abgeordnete der AfD hier aus dem Europäischen Parlament zu eigen: Wenn sie beispielsweise auf TikTok eine klare Abneigung gegenüber Immigration, Islam oder queeren Rechten zeigen, werden häufig Fake News und Hassreden verbreitet.

    Besonders betroffen von diesen Entwicklungen sind junge Menschen. Oft fehlt das Bewusstsein, um zwischen wahrer Information und gezielter Desinformation zu unterscheiden. Die psychologischen und emotionalen Auswirkungen von Hassrede und Hetze auf Jugendliche sind enorm; sie gefährden ihr Vertrauen in die Gesellschaft, in die Demokratie und in ihre Zukunft. Auch das sehen wir beim Wahlverhalten junger Menschen bei den Ost-Landtagswahlen in Deutschland: In Thüringen setzten laut der Forschungsgruppe Wahlen 35 % der Menschen zwischen 18 und 29 Jahren ihr Kreuz bei der AfD.

    Wir müssen digitale Plattformen daher stärker in die Pflicht nehmen. Es braucht klare Regeln und effektive Mechanismen, um hasserfüllte und antidemokratische Inhalte schnell zu erkennen und zu entfernen. Zudem müssen wir zivilgesellschaftliche Organisationen, die gegen eine solche Radikalisierung kämpfen, stärker unterstützen und gemeinsam Hassrede und Fake News entgegentreten.

    Das Internet soll ein Ort des Wissens und des Miteinanders bleiben und kein Raum, der unsere Demokratie untergräbt.

     
       


     

      Ивайло Вълчев (ECR). – Уважаеми колеги, безспорно трябва да се борим срещу радикализацията в интернет, но аз бих казал, че трябва да осъждаме всяка една дискриминация и радикализация.

    Да, расизмът и ксенофобията са недопустими, но нека със същия плам да осъждаме и радикалните действия на зелени активисти, които застрашават обществения ред и сигурността. Заливането на културно наследство с боя, блокирането на пътища и летища не могат да бъдат приемливи форми на протест. А твърде често виждаме как те биват нормализирани.

    От друга страна, скъпи колеги, технологиите сами по себе си не могат да бъдат винени за процеса на радикализация на младите там, където това се случва. Общественият дебат в последните десетилетия прие твърде рязък идеологически завой наляво. Това означава, че днес политически позиции, например срещу еднополовите бракове или срещу нелегалната миграция, oт допустими в обществения дебат преди години сега се обявяват за радикални. И ако това имате предвид под антидемократични изказвания, то аз ви поздравявам. Джордж Оруел би се гордял с вашия новговор.

     
       

     

      Христо Петров (Renew). – Уважаеми колеги, ние тук си говорим за нови технологии и за социални мрежи и казваме, че те са част от живота на младите хора, но за много млади хора социалните мрежи не са част, те са целият им живот и това е проблем. Проблем е, защото освен загубата на време, човек става много по-лесно жертва на пропаганда, на радикализация или проводник на реч на омразата.

    Замислете се колко от вас в тази зала, ако имаха шанса да се върнат в своето детство или в своята младост, биха прекарвали времето си в социалните мрежи. Аз вярвам, че решението на проблема, който обсъждаме, е в образованието, в образование, което да подготвя младите хора за съвременната реалност и да им обясни една проста истина, че няма нито един успешен човек на тоя свят, който да прекарва основното си време в социалните мрежи.

     
       

     

      Alexandra Geese (Verts/ALE). – Frau Präsidentin, Herr Kommissar, sehr verehrte Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Nazipropaganda, rechtsextreme Hetze, Hass auf Frauen oder extremistischer Salafismus: auf TikTok findet man das alles. Aber welcher junge Mensch sucht denn aktiv nach solchen Inhalten? Fast niemand. TikTok sorgt dafür, dass sie sie trotzdem sehen, denn die Plattform spült grenzwertige Videos in die Timeline. Und wer aus Neugier oder sogar Entsetzen den Fehler macht, sie bis zu Ende zu schauen oder gar zu kommentieren, vielleicht auch kritisch, der bekommt immer wieder den gleichen Content vorgesetzt und landet in einem rabbit hole.

    Und wenn man überlegt, dass im Durchschnitt Nutzer 1,5 Stunden am Tag auf TikTok verbringen, dann kann man sich vorstellen, was passiert, wenn jedes zweite oder dritte Video extremistisch ist: Dann entsteht ein Weltbild, das mit der realen Welt praktisch nichts mehr zu tun hat. Und so werden Menschen radikalisiert – islamistisch, rechtsradikal, antisemitisch oder frauenfeindlich.

    Mit Technologie hat das nichts zu tun, aber ganz viel mit Geschäftsmodell. Aber glücklicherweise können wir handeln. Mit dem Digital Services Act können wir diese Radikalisierungsalgorithmen so ändern, dass Nutzerinnen und Nutzer ihre Inhalte selbst auswählen können und dass sie ihnen nicht vorgesetzt werden. Und das ist jetzt unsere dringlichste Aufgabe, um die Demokratie, aber auch die Sicherheit unserer Bürgerinnen und Bürger in Europa zu schützen.

    (Die Rednerin ist damit einverstanden, auf eine Frage nach dem Verfahren der „blauen Karte“ zu antworten.)

     
       

     

      Sebastian Tynkkynen (ECR), sinisen kortin kysymys. – Arvoisa puhemies, olen puhujan kanssa aivan samaa mieltä siitä, että natsipropagandaan pitää puuttua. Se on väärin, ja olitte huolissanne siitä, kuinka se lisää antisemitismiä. Minä ihmettelen sitä, että te kuitenkin jätätte sen puolen mainitsematta, mikä on tällä hetkellä suurin syy antisemitismiin niin TikTokissa kuin muissa kanavissa. Nämä videot, joissa huudetaan, että “From the river to the sea”, eli Hamas-symppaaminen, se leviää tällä hetkellä. Miksi jätitte tämän asian mainitsematta?

     
       

     

      Alexandra Geese (Verts/ALE), blue-card answer. – You might have noticed from my speech, I am German and I know that the biggest source of antisemitism has not come from Palestine, but from Europe. I have studied my history.

    As far as current antisemitism is concerned, I don’t care what the source is. I don’t care if it’s far right, you know, or whether it is Muslim. It’s not important. The important thing is that we combat it and that we protect Jews. This is what we need to do on the internet and that means going against terrorist or clearly illegal content.

    But as far as legal content is concerned – and a lot of content is legal – having opinions about the way Israel is defending itself, that is legal if it’s not antisemitic. And this is where we need to change the algorithms to make sure that people access content they actually want to see and not the content that TikTok, that the platform, wants them to see, pushing them into a rabbit hole, because this is what drives radicalisation.

     
       

     

      Ivan David (ESN). – Paní předsedající, dámy a pánové, od doby, kdy se po celém dříve demokratickém světě zmocnili všech nejvýznamnějších médií miliardáři, aby manipulovali veřejností, jsou jedinou šancí demokracie, tedy vlády lidu, sociální sítě a internet. Do konce minulého století byli světovládní darebáci v klidu, protože nebylo možné veřejně se bránit pomluvám a jiným lžím. Chápu, že hluboký stát nese nelibě omezení svého monopolu na ovládání veřejného mínění.

    Ale důrazně připomínám článek 17 Listiny základních práv a svobod, který zní: „Každý má právo vyjadřovat své názory, jakož i svobodně vyhledávat, přijímat a rozšiřovat ideje a informace bez ohledu na hranice státu. Cenzura je nepřípustná.“ Je marné zakazovat nenávist, kterou vyvolávají zločiny.

     
       

     

      Milan Mazurek (NI). – Vážený pán predsedajúci, pán komisár, aj Mao Ce-tung a súdruh Stalin by boli hrdí na to, čo ste tu vo svojom prejave povedali. Veď to je príšerné, do akej totality sa Európska únia pod vaším vedením aktuálne uberá! Viete, kto sú skutoční extrémisti? Tí, ktorí tu nariadili ľuďom žiť pod nezmyselným green dealom, ktorý im ničí ich životnú úroveň, vďaka ktorej si normálni mladí ľudia nemôžu kúpiť ani len nový dom, v ktorom by zakladali svoje rodiny. Extrémisti sú tí blázni, ktorí sa lepia o chodníky a asfalty, aby bránili ľuďom, aby mohli autami prísť normálne domov. Extrémisti sú tí, ktorí do Európy vozia milióny nelegálnych imigrantov a pomáhajú im v rozpore so zákonom prekračovať hranice našich štátov. To sú skutoční extrémisti, nie vlastenci, nie patrioti, nie tí, ktorí milujú svoje štáty. Tí, ktorí milujú svoje krajiny, ktorí chcú chrániť svoje deti a svoje rodiny pred nebezpečenstvom, ktoré im aktuálne hrozí. My chceme zachovať svet a Európu slobodnú, a preto sa potrebujeme zbaviť ľudí, ako ste Vy, vo vedení Európskej komisie. Potrebujeme návrat k zdravému rozumu, a keď to pre Vás bude znamenať radikalizmus, tak sa k tomu hrdo hlásim, pretože sloboda je to, čo Európska únia aktuálne potrebuje.

     
       


     

      Zoltán Tarr (PPE). – Tisztelt Elnök Asszony! Kedves kollégák és kedves fiatalok, akik nagyon sokan ültök fönt a lelátókon. Örülünk, hogy itt vagytok. Én azt gondolom, hogy sokan egyetérthetünk abban, hogy nagyon sok jó lehetőséget kínálnak nekünk az új digitális technológiák, az új technológiák. Nem is szeretném démonizálni őket. Ugyanakkor azt is tudjuk, hogy ezek az eszközök sokszor a politikai manipulációra és radikalizálódásra használódnak a fiatalok között, tovább súlyosbítva az álhírek terjedésével és az összeesküvés-elméletek terjedésével ezeken az eszközökön keresztül.

    A tartalomgyártók és a platformok üzemeltetői hatalmas felelősséggel tartoznak ebben a helyzetben. Alapvető kötelességük az, hogy a platformjaikon megjelenő tartalmakat jobban monitorozzák, és felelősségteljesebben szűrjék azért, hogy a fiatalok, akik most is itt vannak, és esetleg néznek bennünket, minél kevesebb káros tartalommal találkozzanak.

    Az a megoldás – azt gondolom –, hogy a tudatos médiahasználatot erősítsük az oktatásban, nem pedig a modern média kizárása az iskolákból. A meglévő szabályok, törvények alkalmazása a tagállamokban, valamint a nagy online platformok magatartási kódexeinek folyamatos fejlesztése és monitorozása.

    Meg kell akadályoznunk, hogy a gyűlöletbeszéd és az antidemokratikus propaganda és a politikai manipuláció terjedjen a gyermekek között, és ebben nekünk is, képviselőknek is nagy felelősségünk van. Az, hogy mi hogy szerepelünk, mit mondunk, óriási jelentőséggel bír.

     
       

     

      Francisco Assis (S&D). – Senhora Presidente, Senhor Comissário, a tolerância ilimitada leva ao desaparecimento da tolerância. Se estendermos a tolerância ilimitada mesmo aos intolerantes e se não estivermos preparados para defender a sociedade tolerante do assalto da intolerância, então os tolerantes serão destruídos e a tolerância com eles. Estas palavras são da autoria de um dos maiores filósofos democrato‑liberais do século XX, Karl Popper, e constam da sua obra conhecida A Sociedade Aberta e os seus Inimigos.

    E é precisamente disto que estamos a falar. Popper tanto contestou os totalitarismos de direita como os totalitarismos de esquerda. Defendeu claramente o primado da democracia liberal e tinha consciência de uma coisa: que o único limite que se pode estabelecer é o limite em relação àqueles que, sendo intolerantes, põem em causa os pressupostos básicos e fundamentais da convivência cívica democrático‑liberal. Isso, infelizmente, hoje, está a suceder em grande escala nas redes digitais, afeta vários segmentos da população e tem um efeito particularmente nocivo junto dos mais jovens.

    A resposta para isso passa por duas coisas: por um lado, por uma melhor regulação das redes sociais, em nome da defesa da liberdade – não é em nome da atrofia da liberdade, como alguns aqui pretendem afirmar, é em nome da defesa dos valores da liberdade –, e, em segundo lugar, pela promoção de um pensamento crítico, autónomo, livre e consciente em cada jovem europeu. É esse o caminho que nós temos de seguir.

     
       

     

      Susanna Ceccardi (PfE). – Signora Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, l’Unione europea sta trasformando il contrasto d’odio online in un cavallo di Troia per soffocare la libertà di espressione sul web.

    È vero, le nuove tecnologie possono essere usate per diffondere offese, minacce e odio. Ne so qualcosa: ogni giorno ricevo minacce dai fondamentalisti islamici o dai “leoni da tastiera”. Ma la soluzione non è imbavagliare chi esprime idee scomode e soffocare il dissenso.

    Il Commissario Breton ha tentato di oscurare il dibattito tra Elon Musk e Trump. È questa la vostra democrazia? La democrazia vive di dialettica. Il pensiero occidentale vive sulla libertà, è fondato sulla libertà di pensiero. Se noi soffochiamo la libertà di pensiero, soffochiamo l’Occidente, soffochiamo ciò che siamo, soffochiamo l’Europa e quindi l’Unione europea sta tradendo se stessa, sta tradendo tutta la filosofia del pensiero occidentale.

    Con questo regolamento sui servizi digitali noi mettiamo il bavaglio alle persone, soprattutto a quelle idee scomode che non piacciono alla sinistra woke, che non piacciono alla sinistra perbenista che in queste aule fa tanta teoria, è brava ad insegnare a tutti ma non sa bene ancora su che pilastri si regge l’Europa.

     
       

     

      Paolo Inselvini (ECR). – Signora Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, è vero che le nuove tecnologie, come i social media, hanno un’enorme influenza sulle menti dei giovani. Tuttavia, la radicalizzazione che subiscono è anche quella promossa dalla sinistra, che parla di libertà ma spesso non la pratica nei fatti.

    Ogni giorno assistiamo a bombardamenti mediatici che esaltano teorie LGBT, il fanatismo green e una società liquida, ideologie contro l’identità e la comunità, che promuovono l’individualismo e discriminano chi difende con fermezza i principi della nostra civiltà. Guardate il caso di Päivi Räsänen, accusata di incitamento all’odio solo per aver citato la Bibbia, o alla censura nei confronti di coloro che osano contrastare l’immigrazione incontrollata, difendere la vita e la famiglia o criticare il pensiero unico.

    Ecco, questo è davvero antidemocratico. Il pensiero unico che la sinistra vuole imporre al mondo, impedendo a chi è fuori dal coro di affermare le proprie idee, tacciandolo di fomentare odio solo per estrometterlo dal dibattito.

    Avete ragione, dobbiamo proteggere i giovani da questo mondo falso e artificiale che qualcuno ha costruito intorno a loro per controllarli meglio. Facciamoli uscire da questa gabbia: riportiamoli a rivivere la bellezza vera della vita.

     
       

     

      Irena Joveva (Renew). – Gospa predsednica! Zgodovina se ponavlja. To je vselej moja prva misel ob spremljanju razvoja uničujoče propagandne retorike, ki jo vedno bolj aktivno uporabljajo skrajneži.

    Namen je jasen: razdvajanje, destabilizacija demokratične družbe. To isto sovražno ideologijo z istimi idejami in istim načinom komuniciranja smo nekoč, po bolečih lekcijah, potisnili skrajno na rob. Toda zdaj so se z roba uspešno prikradli nazaj v središče, kjer poleg uporabe umetne inteligence za širitev svoje ideologije sočasno z dezinformacijami diskreditirajo vse, ki ne mislijo tako kot oni.

    Gre za usklajeno, dobro financirano, nadnacionalno propagandno kampanjo za širitev in uveljavitev avtoritarnosti, če ne še česa hujšega, v Evropi. V času porasta nacizma so to počeli s prevzemom radiev, danes to počnejo prek družbenih omrežij.

    In prav imajo. Izbira je res naša. Ali torej res želite, da to spet postane prevladujoča retorika in normalna? Jaz ne.

     
       

     

      Lena Schilling (Verts/ALE). – Frau Präsidentin, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Eigentlich wollte ich anders anfangen, aber wir haben gerade ein Lehrbeispiel gesehen vom Kollegen Mazurek, der erklärt hat, wie man eine Rede hält, die man dann auf Social Media stellt, wo man rechtsextremes Gedankengut verbreitet, manipuliert und unsere Gesellschaft radikalisieren kann. Ja, es sind Autokraten und Rechtsextreme, die weltweit Social Media dafür einsetzen, Wahlen zu beeinflussen, dazu einsetzen, Gesellschaften weiter zu spalten, und dazu einsetzen, Fake News zu verbreiten. Und er ist damit nicht alleine, aber danke für dieses perfekte example.

    Donald Trump wirft Migranten vor, Haustiere zu essen, Moskauer Propagandafirmen wiederholen millionenfach Lügen – 33,9 Millionen Kommentare, 39 899 Inhalte, darunter tausende Videos, Memes und Grafiken innerhalb der letzten vier Monate: Das ist mittlerweile Teil unserer politischen Praxis. Und ich sage Ihnen etwas: Wir junge Menschen, die Social Media nutzen, die damit aufwachsen, wir werden uns das auch irgendwann nicht mehr gefallen lassen, dass unsere Plattformen als geopolitischer Spielball instrumentalisiert werden. Sie sollten dazu dienen, dass wir uns ausdrücken können, dass wir miteinander kommunizieren können, und nicht von politischen, verschiedenen, Mächten hier instrumentalisiert werden.

    Zu diesem Punkt: Wir werden daran arbeiten, dass es klare Regeln gibt, und Menschen darüber informieren, welcher Blödsinn ihnen hier vorgesetzt wird.

     
       

     

      Christine Anderson (ESN). – Frau Präsidentin! Heute beklagen Sie nun also den Missbrauch neuer Technologien, der angeblich unsere Jugend radikalisiert. Dabei ist es doch Ihre radikale Politik, die die Menschen spaltet und aufhetzt. Während Corona haben Sie Teile des Volkes zu Feinden erklärt, Ungeimpfte zu Sündenböcken gemacht. Stimmen zur Schädlichkeit der mRNA-Injektion wurden wegzensiert, damit Ihre Impfpropaganda unwidersprochen blieb.

    Regierungskritische Stimmen unterdrücken Sie, während Sie geflissentlich wegschauen, wenn auf YouTube, TikTok und Co. übelster islamischer Antisemitismus gefeiert wird und sich diese frauenfeindliche, menschenverachtende und totalitäre Ideologie des Islams durch unsere Gesellschaft frisst. Die vermeintliche Radikalisierung, die Sie bekämpfen wollen, ist die längst überfällige Antwort auf die Radikalität Ihrer Politik, dieser unsäglichen, illegalen Masseninvasion.

    Hören Sie doch endlich auf, sich lächerlich zu machen! Anstatt Kritiker zu zensieren, nehmen Sie die Kritik ernst und machen Sie endlich wieder Politik für das eigene Volk, dann gibt es auch keine Radikalisierung unterm Volk!

     
       

     

      Ondřej Dostál (NI). – Paní předsedající, děkuji za otevření tohoto tématu. My žijeme v zemi, kde provládní aktivisté na sítích přáli smrt či covidový koncentrák každému, kdo odmítal nosit roušky v lese nebo kdo chtěl večer běhat v parku. Žijeme v zemi, kde se netrestá tvrzení, že staří lidé volící konzervativní levici musí vymřít, aby zvítězily ty správné progresivní síly, že staří jsou hloupí a nevzdělaní a měli by volit pod dohledem, kde se natočil klip „Přesvědč bábu, přesvědč dědka“. Žijeme v zemi, kde vláda na strategickou komunikaci najala plukovníka armády, hrubého a sprostého, který nazývá oponenty sviněmi a šmejdy, a kde i usměvavé poslankyně tohoto parlamentu mluví o opozičních poslancích jako o košťatech, paní Nerudová, nebo o špínách, paní Gregorová.

    Žijeme v zemi, kde britská či americká ambasáda včetně National Endowment for Democracy financují neziskové organizace, které cíleně dehonestují oponenty provládního narativu. To všechno se promítá do extrémního prostředí na sociálních sítích, kde je demokratická diskuse takřka nemožná. Starší Češi jsou díky historii odolní vůči propagandě, ale mladí se bohužel radikalizují. Rád bych proto z tohoto místa vyzval českou vládu, ambasády cizích velmocí a kolegy poslance EP, aby se šířením hate speech skončili.

     
       

     

      Manuela Ripa (PPE). – Frau Präsidentin! Wir sprechen über eine neue Sucht: Empfehlungsalgorithmen haben die meisten Jugendlichen auf Social Media fest im Griff. Das heißt: Schauen sie sich ein Video an, bekommen sie unaufgefordert immer weitere, teils immer extremere Inhalte vorgesetzt. Den Jugendlichen bleibt oftmals keine Wahl, sie kommen davon nicht mehr los. Nicht nur, dass die Suchtgefahr steigt, Hassbotschaften und Hetze können sie auch radikalisieren – vor Wahlen ist dies sogar demokratiegefährdend.

    Gut, dass die Kommission hier gegen abhängig machende Algorithmen den Digital Services Act anwendet, aber das reicht nicht. Die Berichtspflicht der Plattformen muss qualitativ verbessert werden, am besten, indem sie ihre Berichte durch externe Prüfer prüfen lassen. Weiterführende Videos sollten nur angezeigt werden, wenn man tatsächlich auch draufgeht. In Schulen muss digitale Kompetenz vermittelt werden, sodass sie lernen, Informationen und Quellen kritisch zu hinterfragen. Sie sollten einen KI-Führerschein machen. Dass Schüler mittels KI ihre Hausaufgaben machen dürfen, ist sicherlich keine Lösung.

    Achten wir auf unsere Kinder und Jugendlichen, sie sind unsere Zukunft!

     
       


     

      Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová (Renew). – Vážená pani predsedajúca, ďakujem veľmi pekne, dobrý deň – a začnem osobným presvedčením: mladí ľudia nie sú ani horší, ani lepší, ani radikálnejší ako iní, ale dnes sa stretávajú so silou, ktorej v takejto miere nemusela čeliť žiadna iná generácia predtým, a tou je online svet. Ak si niekto myslí, že sa tam veci dejú náhodou, tak sa mýli. Algoritmy sociálnych sietí nielen pre mladých vytvárajú pasce, do ktorých môžu ľahko spadnúť, a internet už dávno nie je iba slobodný priestor, ale je to miesto, kde sa šíri radikalizmus, kde je priestor pre trestné činy a pre násilie a našou úlohou tu je urobiť všetko pre to, aby sme tieto pasce odstránili. Nie ste dobrá firma, ak obsah, ktorým kŕmite mladých, je toxický. A toto je presne dôvod, prečo tak veľmi potrebujeme poctivo dodržiavať zákon o digitálnych službách. Nástroje na bezpečnejší internet naozaj máme, tak ich využime. Máme na to teraz šancu. Mladým ľuďom totiž ako spoločnosť vieme dať oveľa viac, ako dnes od nás dostávajú.

     
       

     

      Jaume Asens Llodrà (Verts/ALE). – Señora presidenta, el señor Buxadé ha hablado de la libertad de los patriotas y de las manifestaciones legítimas en el Reino Unido contra la inmigración, pero seguro que ustedes se acuerdan: eso no fueron manifestaciones pacíficas, fueron disturbios racistas donde se apaleó y apuñaló a personas vulnerables y se quemaron casas. ¿Y por qué? Porque difundieron un bulo —con la ayuda de Elon Musk— atribuyendo falsamente unos asesinatos a una persona inmigrante cuando, en verdad, el autor era inglés. Y en España intentaron hacer lo mismo.

    Señor Buxadé, ustedes están en guerra con la verdad. Y el problema es que mucha gente —sobre todo jóvenes— se instala en un mundo paralelo, y crecen el miedo, el odio, las agresiones; porque ustedes, cuando señalan a los que vienen con patera, huyendo de la guerra o del hambre, es para que no veamos a los de arriba, a las élites, a los que los explotan, a los responsables de las crisis.

    Por eso, señor comisario, necesitamos una legislación europea que nos proteja de la extrema derecha, de sus bulos, como el que hoy el señor Buxadé ha dicho.

    La mentira destruye la democracia, el derecho a tener información veraz y, por tanto, a formarnos una opinión y poderla expresar. Eso no es censura, como ha dicho la extrema derecha; si no hay verdad, no hay libertad: hay opresión. Y como dijo Camus: «La peor epidemia no es biológica, sino moral». La epidemia de la mentira.

     
       


     

      Łukasz Kohut (PPE). – Pani Przewodnicząca! Media społecznościowe bardzo szybko stały się piątą władzą i jak każda władza także i ta w niewłaściwych rękach staje się bronią. Internet, a później media społecznościowe miały łączyć ludzi na całym świecie i dać dostęp do wiedzy. Miały. A już dziś musimy mierzyć się z konsekwencjami wykorzystywania sieci niezgodnie z przeznaczeniem. Cud techniki, który miał łączyć, stwarza coraz większe podziały za pomocą manipulacji, fałszywych informacji i mowy nienawiści. Tak jak lekarstwo od trucizny różni dawka, tak kreacyjny i destrukcyjny wpływ mediów cyfrowych zależy od tego, w czyich rękach się znajdą.

    Brexit i to, że nie ma tutaj z nami Wielkiej Brytanii, jest efektem manipulacji. Rosyjska dezinformacja walczy o rozpad demokratycznego świata od wielu lat. Pierwsza kampania Trumpa przy wsparciu fake newsów i Cambridge Analytica pokazała siłę sieci. Dzisiaj milionem dolarów dziennie ma wspierać Trumpa właściciel portalu X. To jest obłęd. Nie może być tak, że algorytmy uprawiają inżynierię wyborczą, a my biernie stoimy i patrzymy, jak giganci cyfrowi czy służby obcych mocarstw urządzają nam świat. Internet w ich rękach stał się groźnym narzędziem. Dokładnie tak jak bomba atomowa Oppenheimera, która miała służyć pokojowi. Czas przestać się łudzić. Musimy zapanować nad siecią albo ona zapanuje nad naszą rzeczywistością. Trzy postulaty: lepsze prawo, kontrola IP i konsekwencje działań w sieci.

     
       

     

      Alexandre Varaut (PfE). – Madame la Présidente, la haine en ligne, que nous devons combattre, c’est d’abord le harcèlement, les injures, la diffusion de montages qui poussent des enfants, parfois très jeunes, à tomber en dépression ou même à se suicider. Il faut cependant nous garder d’abuser de ce terme pour tenter de criminaliser des opinions. Et certains, au sein de l’Union européenne, ont très souvent cette tentation.

    La haine est un sentiment. Il est bien difficile de légiférer sur des sentiments. Nous ne pouvons légiférer que sur des actes concrets, qui causent des préjudices concrets à des victimes concrètes. Nous n’avons pas le droit d’en profiter pour traquer des opinions et pour sacraliser des notions wokes qui, matériellement, n’existent pas – telles que l’imaginaire collectif, la conscience humaine ou les valeurs universelles.

    Le risque serait le règne d’un arbitraire idéologique, qui pourrait parfaitement se retourner contre chacun d’entre nous, d’entre vous, même si à cet instant, ce sont sans nul doute les patriotes qui sont visés par la police de la pensée.

     
       

     

      Танер Кабилов (Renew). – Г-жо Председател, свободата на словото е едно от най-важните постижения на демокрацията и модерното гражданско общество. Достиженията на дигиталната ера, в която живеем, предоставя безпрецедентни възможности за комуникация и обмен на информация, но и нови предизвикателства, пред които се изправяме.

    Социалните мрежи се превръщат в арена за разпространение на омраза, особено в нейните най-опасни измерения – етническа и религиозна. Нараства злоупотребата с фалшиви профили и ботове, а хибридните атаки и дезинформационни кампании, манипулиращи общественото мнение, стават все по-често, особено по време на избори. Младите, с техните отворени сетива за знания, са чувствително уязвими за радикални идеи, които им се предоставят от алгоритмите, търсещи все повече гледания и интеракции. Това е сериозна заплаха за бъдещето на демокрацията.

    Категорично осъждам езика на омразата във всяка негова форма. Трябва да сме чувствителни като гражданско общество и да сме проактивни като политици. Трябва да намерим правилния баланс между свободата на словото и злоупотребата с него.

     
       


     

      Tiago Moreira de Sá (PfE). – Senhora Presidente, vivemos tempos em que o discurso de ódio e a retórica anti‑democrática se tornaram desculpas perfeitas para justificar um novo despotismo – a censura camuflada de virtude. Sempre que o poder se sente ameaçado, a liberdade é o seu primeiro alvo, e o caso de Elon Musk, do Prémio Sakharov, é disso exemplo – excluído num processo opaco, uma voz silenciada, a pretexto da própria liberdade de expressão.

    A Comissão Europeia entrou em confronto aberto com Musk, acusando‑o de falhar na monitorização do discurso de ódio na sua plataforma X. A polémica já fez cair o ex‑comissário europeu Thierry Breton, mas os processos judiciais que a Comissão move contra as empresas de Musk, incluindo a aplicação de possíveis multas severas, caso não cumpra com a lei dos serviços digitais, continuam bem vivos.

    Este fim de semana, o Der Spiegel chamou a Elon Musk o inimigo público número dois, atrás de Donald Trump, imaginem. A União Europeia e o Der Spiegel estão a fazer a Musk o mesmo que o Brasil de Lula e a Venezuela de Maduro. Como em O Nome da Rosa, de Umberto Eco, onde os livros eram envenenados para proteger os monges da dúvida e do riso, hoje envenena‑se o debate público para proteger a sociedade da liberdade. E, como sabemos, do veneno só pode resultar sempre a morte.

    (O orador aceita responder a uma pergunta «cartão azul»)

     
       

     

      Bruno Gonçalves (S&D), Pergunta segundo o procedimento «cartão azul». – Senhor Deputado, é incrível ouvi‑lo falar de liberdade, quando o problema é mesmo com a verdade. Enquanto, neste Parlamento, debate o ódio, debate o discurso do ódio, debate a proliferação do ódio no digital, em Portugal, sabemos bem o que está a acontecer e com o qual o seu partido e os seus representantes não têm o mínimo de empatia.

    Deixe‑me citar, o líder parlamentar do seu partido diz: «se a polícia atirar mais a matar, o país fica em ordem»; o assessor do seu partido diz: « menos um criminoso, menos um eleitor do Bloco» sobre a morte de um cidadão português. O que eu lhe pergunto, com empatia, Senhor Deputado: pode ou não condenar este ódio? Pode ou não condenar estas declarações?

     
       

     

      Tiago Moreira de Sá (PfE). – Senhor Deputado, eu confesso que pensei fazer a minha intervenção justamente sobre o que está a acontecer em Portugal. Depois, achei que não o devia fazer aqui, neste local, devia fazer em Portugal e para os portugueses. O que eu acho que contribui muito para o discurso de ódio – realmente o que está a acontecer em Portugal, sim – é quando nós confundimos polícias com ladrões, quando nos pomos do lado de quem prevarica e não cumpre a lei e incita à violência, em vez de protegermos a autoridade do Estado e as forças da autoridade.

    Eu acho que nós devemos pensar muito bem, porque a sua própria pergunta, ela própria, tem por detrás – eu sei que não foi com intenção – extremar, por detrás, polarizar, por detrás, criar esta visão de bons e maus. Eu, o que devo dizer, terei todo o gosto em ter esse debate consigo, mas não o vou fazer aqui. Farei no meu país.

     
       

     

      Hermann Tertsch (PfE). – Señora presidente, ayer estuve en una cena de la Asociación Parlamentaria Europea, en la que la mayoría son todos de los que gobiernan, de estos que gobiernan en la Comisión, es decir, del Partido Popular Europeo y de la izquierda, los perdedores abrazados al Partido Popular Europeo para seguir gobernando.

    Allí se iba a hablar de las elecciones norteamericanas y se habló de Trump. Y, de repente, Trump era Hitler. Trump era Hitler. Allí, en una asamblea de una serie de eurodiputados, se hablaba de Trump con mentiras sobre su pasado y con especulaciones insidiosas sobre su futuro.

    La señora Applebaum, supuestamente una gran intelectual a quien le han dado un premio en Fráncfort, habla de Trump como Hitler. Hemos visto también a la señora Harris —la candidata— hablando de Trump como Hitler.

    Ese insulto a la inteligencia por parte de la izquierda al tachar de Hitler, de fascistas, de nazis, a todos aquellos que no le interesan, eso sí que es una censura y un atentado contra todo el pensamiento europeo.

    Quieren ustedes un Ministerio de la Verdad para imponer una mentira, y no lo vamos a permitir.

     
       

     

      Mathilde Androuët (PfE). – Madame la Présidente, les jeunes âgés de 13 à 19 ans passent en moyenne plus de cinq heures par jour devant un écran. Il s’agit, pour certains, du seul moyen de se sociabiliser, et cela peut générer des violences – contre soi-même ou contre d’autres. Mais au lieu de lutter contre l’abandon de nos jeunes au virtuel, la Commission européenne préfère s’attaquer aux outils que sont Telegram ou X pour entraver la liberté d’expression.

    Alors oui, Daech a recruté des terroristes et des soldats sur les réseaux sociaux. Oui, des jeunes adoptent des mœurs archaïques pour intégrer une soi-disant nouvelle famille. Mais s’en prendre aux outils, plutôt que de chercher à répondre à ce besoin légitime d’appartenir à un groupe fort et exaltant, est idiot. C’est aussi idiot que d’interdire les voitures ou l’usage des couteaux de cuisine au prétexte que certains s’en servent pour tuer.

    C’est pourtant ce que fait la Commission en censurant – prioritairement d’ailleurs – ceux qui essaient de lutter contre le wokisme ou l’islamisme et en laissant pulluler antifas et prêcheurs de haine. Il ne faut pas changer d’outil, mais de modèle. Il faut offrir un vrai modèle de société à la jeunesse européenne, qui magnifie les richesses du passé dans l’objectif d’exalter l’avenir. Le problème, ce n’est pas l’internet, c’est une société occidentale qui, refusant toute pulsion de vie, pousse sa jeunesse vers des sectes où la pulsion de mort est devenue leur vie.

     
       

       

    Procedura “catch-the-eye”

     
       

     

      Matej Tonin (PPE). – Gospa predsednica! Drage kolegice in kolegi! Pred petnajstimi leti se je zdelo, da so socialna omrežja prihodnost, da bodo ključno orodje za spodbujanje demokracije. In petnajst let po tem se zdi, da so socialna omrežja predvsem orodja za širitev sovraštva in nestrpnosti.

    Kaj se je v teh petnajstih letih zgodilo tako dramatičnega, da je iz enega dobrega orodja nastalo slabo? Algoritmi. Algoritmi so tisti, ki spodbujajo sovraštvo, ki spodbujajo nestrpnost, ker v današnjem svetu enostavno dobra novica ni več novica. In zato algoritmi spodbujajo negativne stvari, spodbujajo predvsem nestrpnost.

    Sem pa prepričan, da prepoved ni rešitev, ampak da je ključna stvar za prihodnost ozaveščanje mladih, kakšne posledice ima lahko nekritična uporaba socialnih omrežij.

     
       

     

      Juan Fernando López Aguilar (S&D). – Señora presidenta, señor comisario, el modelo de negocio de las plataformas —normalmente regidas por magnates de ultraderecha— no reside solamente en explotar las debilidades, las vulnerabilidades y las características personales que los usuarios ponen a su disposición, sino, sobre todo, en generar algoritmos adictivos que se ensañan, especialmente, con la gente joven, que son los usuarios preferentes que pasan media vida ante las pantallas, consumiendo discursos de odio que radicalizan, que estigmatizan, a categorías enteras de personas, además de contenidos violentos.

    El problema no reside solamente en los contenidos, sino en la explotación de la vulnerabilidad de la gente joven: un desafío enorme para la próxima Comisión. Hemos adoptado el Reglamento de Servicios Digitales, hemos puesto en pie una estrategia contra el discurso de odio que incluye también no solamente un código de conducta para las plataformas —escasamente vinculante— sino, sobre todo, la orden de que la Comisión traiga a este Parlamento una iniciativa legislativa para hacer del delito de odio que incita la violencia de odio un delito europeo.

    Pero no es suficiente: alfabetización digital, educación, todo lo que la Comisión pueda hacer para proteger a la gente joven, que es el futuro de la Unión Europea, frente a la propagación del discurso de odio en las redes.

     
       

     

      Sebastian Tynkkynen (ECR). – Arvoisa puhemies, vihapuhe, radikalisoituminen ja demokratiavastaisuus. Tämä hetki on varattu sille, että tämä koko sali keskustelee näistä aiheista. Itse asiassa tämä on hyvin ajankohtainen aihe, joten siitä onkin hyvä keskustella. Me olemme nimittäin todistaneet viime aikoina tapahtumia, jotka täyttävät nämä kaikki tunnusmerkit: vihaa, radikalisoitumista ja demokratiavastaisuutta. Lukuisissa Palestiina-mielenosoituksissa aina huippuyliopistoihin saakka ovat raikuneet antisemitistiset huudot. Lähi-idän ainoalle demokratialle Israelille on toivottu tuhoa, ja radikaali terroristijärjestö Hamas on nauttinut monen mielenosoittajan tukea.

    Miksi en ole kuullut, että vasemmisto olisi tästä puhunut tänään? Haluan muistuttaa teitä tästä, kun te etsitte vihapuhetta ja radikaalia puhetta kaikkialta, niin käykääpä joskus vasemmiston Palestiina-mielenosoituksissa. Saatatte löytää sieltä sitä, mitä olette kaikkialta muualta etsimässä.

     
       

     

      Lukas Sieper (NI). – Madam President, dear colleagues, honourable House, as we talk of young people here with my, in other cases, little life experience of 27 years, I am happy to take the floor today.

    I may present you with three truths. Number one: TikTok is owned and controlled by the Chinese Communist Party, responsible for atrocities like putting Uyghurs in concentration camps.

    Number two: because of that, the algorithm is, of course, also controlled and manipulated by the Chinese Communist Party.

    Number three: if you, my dear colleagues, do not join TikTok, and if you are not active there, you will leave this platform and the young people on this platform to the enemies of democracy inside this House and outside this House.

    So please be active there no matter what. I am not much, but I am young, so I hope you trust me on that.

     
       

       

    (Fine della procedura “catch the eye”)

     
       

     

      Janusz Wojciechowski, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, honourable Members, thank you for your contributions. It is clear that new technologies have transformed our economies, our societies, our lives. They have multiple benefits, but we cannot ignore the risks. Hate speech, often fuelled by disinformation, is one of them.

    We need to keep our values of equality, tolerance, non-discrimination. We also need to keep our focus on delivering policies which improve citizens’ lives. We want to support active citizenship and social inclusion with the aim of fostering more equitable and tolerant societies. There is a pivotal role here as concerns the smart and safe use of digital technologies. The scope of prevention activities is broad, and we can extend it to education, employment, justice, social inclusion or sports.

    Within the framework of the Digital Services Act, the industry’s thorough commitment is necessary to succeed. We have a good basis, but we need to intensify our efforts and adopt the fast development of new technologies.

     
       


       

    IN THE CHAIR: ROBERTA METSOLA
    President

     

    5. Resumption of the sitting

       

    (The sitting resumed at 12:05)

     

    6. Sakharov Prize 2024 (announcement of the winner)

     

      President. – Dear colleagues, it is my privilege to announce that the 2024 Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought has been awarded to María Corina Machado, leader of the democratic forces in Venezuela, and President-elect Edmundo González Urrutia, representing all Venezuelans inside and outside the country, fighting to restore freedom and democracy in the face of injustice.

    (Loud and sustained applause)

    Edmundo and María have continued to fight for the free, fair and peaceful transition of power and have fearlessly upheld those values that millions of Venezuelans and this Parliament hold so dear: justice, democracy and the rule of law. This Parliament stands with the people of Venezuela and with María and Edmundo in their struggle for the democratic future of their country. This award is for them, and we are confident that Venezuela and democracy will ultimately prevail.

    I also want to extend this House’s wholehearted support to the other Sakharov Prize finalists: the Israeli and Palestinian movements ‘Women Wage Peace’ and ‘Women of the Sun’.

    (Loud and sustained applause)

    We also have the finalist Azerbaijani academic and anti-corruption activist Dr Gubad Ibadoghlu.

    (Loud and sustained applause)

    All three are bravely standing up for human rights and for freedom of thought in the face of unimaginable challenges.

    I also share the tragic news that Dr Ibadoghlu’s health condition is currently deteriorating significantly. He is being kept under house arrest following his arbitrary detainment, and I take this opportunity to call on the Azerbaijani authorities to drop all charges against Dr Ibadoghlu and lift his travel ban.

    (Applause)

     

    7. Request for waiver of immunity


       

    (The sitting was briefly suspended)

     
       

       

    PRESIDE: JAVI LÓPEZ
    Vicepresidente

     

    8. Resumption of the sitting


     

      Lukas Sieper (NI). – Mr President, honourable House, Rule 202 deals with the point of order. Last plenary week, I had the honour to shed some light on the blatant misuse of this rule inside this House. We were talking about Rule 202(1) that states that you shall use a point of order to address a failure to comply with the parliamentary Rules of Procedure.

    Today, I want to talk about Rule 202(4) that states that in all regular cases like this, the President shall take an immediate decision about the point of order raised. That is not what happened to my point of order. Instead, right after I finished, we kept on seeing the same thing. For example, since then we heard about the suffering of the Palestinian people or the necessity to honour a Polish priest. Understandable topics, but nothing to state inside a point of order.

    In my legal opinion, immediate means on the spot. So, Mr President, with all due respect and being thankful to also having the possibility to forewarn President Metsola on this directly yesterday, I request an immediate decision about stopping the point of order being misused.

     
       

     

      President. – Thank you very much. You have the answer: we take note of your comment.

     

    9. Voting time

     

      President. – The next item is the vote.

     

    9.1. Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (RC-B10-0133/2024, B10-0129/2024, B10-0131/2024, B10-0133/2024, B10-0136/2024, B10-0139/2024, B10-0141/2024, B10-0142/2024) (vote)

     

      President. – The first vote is on the situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (see minutes, item 9.1.).

     

    10. Resumption of the sitting

       

    (La seduta è ripresa alle 15.00)

     

    11. Approval of the minutes of the previous sitting

     

      Presidente. – La seduta è ripresa.

    Il processo verbale della seduta di ieri e i testi approvati sono stati distribuiti.

    Se non ci sono osservazioni, il processo verbale si considera approvato.

     

    12. Protecting our oceans: persistent threats to marine protected areas in the EU and benefits for coastal communities (debate)


     

      Janusz Wojciechowski, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, honourable Members, thank you for the opportunity to address this important topic today. The ocean is a magnificent ecosystem. A healthy ocean has an essential role as a climate regulator and food provider. It is at the heart of the blue economy and cultural identity of our coastal communities.

    However, our ocean faces multiple threats from climate change, unsustainable activities that lead to biodiversity loss and pollution, or illegal fishing globally. This is clearly evidenced by the EU-driven Copernicus satellite data reported in the annual Ocean State Report by the Copernicus Marine Service.

    Therefore, we need to continue the efforts to protect and restore marine ecosystems, including through the establishment of marine protected areas. I cannot stress enough the importance and positive effects of marine protected areas. They not only protect and restore biodiversity, they also ensure that the ocean is able to deliver the multiple environmental services our coastal communities have relied on for ages.

    There are many examples of effective marine protected areas which bring long-term economic and social benefits for fishers and entire coastal communities. I’m thinking about the Columbretes marine reserve in Spain or Torre Guaceto protected area in Italy, where protection is implemented in cooperation with fishers, who benefit from better catches and receive recognition for their engagement in ocean conservation.

    However, most of our marine protected areas are not effectively managed today, which is putting at risk our goals for restoration of marine ecosystems. We cannot afford to have ‘paper parks’ in the EU. We need urgent and greater efforts from all those responsible, from local to national and EU level.

    The European Union is a worldwide leader when it comes to the protection of the oceans and seas. It played a key role in reaching the United Nations agreement on biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction and strongly encourages all countries to promptly ratify the treaty to protect at least 30 % of the planet by 2030.

    At European Union level, our environmental laws, the Birds and Habitats Directives and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive provide for creation and management of marine protected areas. In our biodiversity strategy for 2030, we committed to expand our network of protected areas to cover 30 % of our seas, of which one third should be strictly protected. All MPAs should be effectively managed and should have the necessary fisheries management measures in place.

    The common fisheries policy contributes to the implementation of these policy goals and legislation. Whilst we made progress on the recovery of many fish populations, more efforts are needed to effectively protect and restore other species and marine habitats. In particular, in our marine Natura 2000 network.

    The Commission also adopted the marine action plan, setting out a non-binding path to achieving a protection of 30 % of our seas by 2030. The recently adopted Nature Restoration Regulation set the goal of covering 20 % of our seas, with restoration measures by 2030 and achieving specific nature restoration objectives in the marine environment.

    Member States need to implement and enforce existing legislation, and all stakeholders need to take further ownership. Therefore, a dialogue is required, as well as a strong science-based approach.

    Another challenge for marine protected areas is the increasing competition for maritime space. We are working with Member States and experts to deliver ecosystem-based maritime spatial planning. The aim is to foster the blue economy while ensuring the achievement of good environmental status.

    In conclusion, the Commission will continue the close cooperation with Member States and all stakeholders to ensure that marine protected areas effectively deliver to the benefit of our coastal communities.

     
       

     

      Francisco José Millán Mon, en nombre del Grupo PPE. – Señora presidenta, señor comisario, los océanos se enfrentan a numerosas amenazas, es cierto: el cambio climático, la contaminación por desechos y vertidos, los plásticos, el transporte marítimo, la explotación de hidrocarburos, la pesca ilegal… Debemos proteger los océanos, pero sin caer en extremismos maximalistas: la protección no es incompatible con toda actividad humana. El llamado «pacto europeo de los océanos» debería tener una visión holística, global, que trate de integrar las actividades humanas de una manera sostenible y en diálogo con los afectados. Hay que preparar debidamente la próxima conferencia de Niza.

    Me centro ahora en la pesca: proteger los océanos es vital, también para el sustento de nuestros pescadores. El sector pesquero europeo es un sector muy regulado, lleva a cabo una pesca sostenible, lucha contra la pesca ilegal y contribuye a nuestra seguridad alimentaria: debemos velar por su prosperidad y su competitividad.

    Quiero destacar la importancia de las OROP, las organizaciones regionales de ordenación pesquera. Precisamente, el acuerdo sobre la diversidad biológica marina en alta mar, conocido como BBNJ, reconoce el papel de las OROP y de las reglamentaciones que estas adoptan. En las OROP y en el resto de organismos internacionales necesitamos, comisario, liderazgo de la Unión Europea para conseguir que se globalicen nuestros altos estándares: así lograremos no solo una verdadera protección de los océanos, sino también la igualdad de condiciones que tanto desean nuestros pescadores.

    Las áreas marinas protegidas, como usted señala, requieren un trato especial, pero este debe basarse en criterios científicos y atender a los objetivos específicos del área en cuestión, no a meros porcentajes. Por ejemplo, si de lo que se trata es de proteger a las aves marinas, no tiene sentido ahora insistir en la prohibición del arrastre de fondo. No podemos caer en la demonización de ciertas artes pesqueras como hace, por ejemplo, el plan de acción marino presentado el año pasado por la Comisión Europea.

     
       

     

      Christophe Clergeau, au nom du groupe S&D. – Madame la Présidente, Monsieur le Commissaire, il y a quinze jours, avec mes collègues de l’intergroupe du Parlement européen «Mers, rivières, îles et zones côtières», nous avons accueilli à Bruxelles la Semaine des océans, organisée par les ONG. Voici ce qu’elles nous ont dit:

    En premier lieu, il y a urgence à se mobiliser pour restaurer la bonne santé des océans.

    En deuxième lieu, il faut faire appliquer les lois qui existent – qui aujourd’hui ne sont pas appliquées – et surveiller de près comment les États travaillent sur le règlement relatif à la restauration de la nature. Parce que 2030 va arriver très, très rapidement.

    En troisième lieu, il faut certes, Monsieur le Commissaire, aborder l’océan et son aménagement comme un écosystème, mais cette approche écosystémique n’est pas possible dans le cadre de la directive actuelle relative à la planification de l’espace maritime: il est donc urgent d’engager sa révision.

    Dernièrement, nous avons besoin d’une ambition globale – ce fameux pacte européen pour les océans promis par Ursula von der Leyen, qui permettra de concilier la santé des océans et les activités de l’économie bleue –, menée avec ce Parlement, avec les collectivités locales et avec toutes les parties prenantes, tous les acteurs associatifs et économiques.

     
       

     

      France Jamet, au nom du groupe PfE. – Madame la Présidente, monsieur le Commissaire, mes chers collègues, la protection de nos océans est un enjeu crucial sur le plan économique, environnemental et géopolitique, notamment pour la France, qui possède le deuxième plus grand domaine maritime du monde.

    Mais la multiplication des aires marines protégées n’en garantit pas l’intégrité. La pêche financière est mondialisée et prospère, sans respect de la ressource, de Mayotte à nos côtes, en toute légalité. Quant à la pêche illégale, elle ravage nos territoires maritimes, de la Nouvelle-Calédonie jusqu’en Guyane, en toute impunité.

    Au-delà de ces déclarations de bonnes intentions et autres interdictions unilatérales, c’est d’une vraie stratégie de protection des océans que nous avons besoin pour appuyer les moyens de défense de notre souveraineté alimentaire nationale et pour revaloriser notre domaine maritime ainsi que l’économie bleue.

     
       

     

      Billy Kelleher, on behalf of the Renew Group. – Madam President, this is a very important topic for a number of reasons, and for a large number of communities in our Union.

    As an MEP for an island nation, I’m acutely aware of the importance of our oceans, seas and coasts to sustain an abundance of life and communities, both socially and economically.

    As such, today’s debate on protecting our oceans, persistent threats to marine protected areas in the EU and benefits to our coastal communities is an important milestone. At present, 10% of Irish waters are now classified as marine protected areas, up from 2.4 % in 2020. The Irish Government is committed to achieving a 30 % coverage rate by 2030 and will, in the early 2025, pass legislation putting in place a legal commitment to do so. This is something I and the Fianna Fáil party supports.

    However, as an island nation, we have competing objectives and goals. In the first instance, we want to protect our marine ecosystems, but equally we want to support our fishing communities, many of whom have fished in areas set to be designated as marine protected areas for generations. Thirdly, we want to become an offshore wind energy superpower.

    Our challenge is to ensure that all these objectives can be met. It is therefore a necessity that all the stakeholders involved enter into this process with an open mind and without narrow ideological opinions.

    Fishers have a right to fish and not have their livelihoods destroyed by losing access to waters that they have historically fished in. Countries have a right to diversify their electricity generation, their waters. And yes, we have a moral obligation to protect our oceans, rivers and coastal areas.

    However, Commissioner, we have a significant challenge in Ireland, as Norway is being granted access to Irish waters for mackerel fishing. Mackerel stocks are being overfished. Irish mackerel quota will be cut by 22 % in 2025, and it will cost the Irish fishing industry EUR 18 million. Yet at the same time, we grant access to Norwegian supertrawlers to fish in Irish waters and to overfish and exploit mackerel stocks. The Irish fishing industry is very dependent on the mackerel stocks.

    So, Commissioner, I cannot understand how in one way we are talking about sustainability and ensuring we protect marine life and at the same time grant unlimited access to supertrawlers to fish in Irish waters, to exploit fish stocks and undermine the Irish fishing industry and the coastal communities that depend on it.

    When we are talking about sustainability, we must have fairness for the Irish fishing industry and the coastal communities that depend on it.

     
       

     

      Isabella Lövin, för Verts/ALE gruppen. – Fru talman! Allt liv på jorden startade i haven. Haven ger oss mat. De ger oss glädje. De producerar hälften av allt syre som vi andas. Ändå misshandlar vi haven, använder dem som soptipp och tömmer dem på fisk.

    Nu har vi också gett dem hög feber, och det är väldigt allvarligt. Som en forskare sa till mig: Klimatkrisen, den drabbar precis som covid de svagaste värst. Och havet är redan försvagat.

    I Östersjön, där jag bor, har medeltemperaturen redan ökat med två grader sedan 1990, och nere på 30 meters djup var det förra sommaren 20 grader varmt, något som aldrig har noterats förut.

    Ett område stort som Danmark är död botten. Vi måste göra någonting snabbt för denna döende patient, och vi måste göra någonting nytt.

    Vi behöver en ny havspolitik som samlat kan hjälpa våra hav att tillfriskna, så att de åter kan binda kol i bottnarna, som nu rivs upp av bottentrålning, och åter har stabila, livskraftiga ekosystem som gör vattnet klart och rent igen och som kan förse Europa med hållbart fiskad fisk.

    För det behöver vi inte bara 30 % skyddade områden, utan vi behöver en helhetssyn. Därför välkomnar jag den europeiska havspakten. Den måste ha som högsta prioritet att låta haven tillfriskna igen. Alla politikområden behöver samspela för att nå dit.

    Haven är grunden för allt liv. Skyddar vi havet så skyddar vi också oss själva.

     
       

     

      Emma Fourreau, au nom du groupe The Left. – Madame la Présidente, monsieur le Commissaire, j’imagine que votre jardin est une zone protégée. Alors, que diriez‑vous si je venais demain dans votre jardin pour y déterrer vos carottes et ramasser vos tomates, avant de repartir en piétinant tout le potager pour être sûre que vos légumes ne repoussent pas l’année prochaine? Nul doute que cela vous déplairait fortement. Et je vous répondrais que j’étais dans votre jardin comme un chalutier de fond dans les aires marines protégées, qui n’ont de protégées que le nom.

    Car, si 12 % des eaux de l’Union européenne entrent dans la définition des aires marines protégées, seules 0,2 % le sont de façon stricte. Alors qu’est-ce qui est protégé dans les autres? Rien ou presque: 86 % des aires dites protégées d’Europe sont intensément exploitées, au moyen de méthodes de pêche destructrices, comme le chalutage de fond, ou d’autres activités industrielles extractivistes.

    La pêche industrielle a des conséquences délétères: pour la biodiversité, mais aussi pour les petits pêcheurs. Au-delà du chalutage de fond, ces derniers subissent également de plein fouet la concurrence des méga-chalutiers pélagiques, qui n’hésitent pas à traverser les aires marines protégées. Exclure la pêche industrielle des aires marines protégées, comme le recommande l’Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature, c’est donner de l’oxygène à la pêche artisanale, dont les incidences environnementales sont moindres, et qui favorise le renouvellement des espèces.

    La Commission s’est engagée à sortir du chalutage de fond dans les aires marines protégées d’ici 2030. Soyez à la hauteur de l’engagement en adoptant un plan de transition juste, qui accompagne les pêcheurs, leur donne de la visibilité, des incitations et des solutions de rechange, et qui prévoie un véritable plan de déchalutisation de la flotte européenne.

    Sans action concrète de la Commission comme des États, vos promesses resteront vaines.

     
       

     

      Siegbert Frank Droese, im Namen der ESN-Fraktion. – Frau Präsidentin, Herr Kommissar, sehr geehrte Kollegen! Niemand Vernünftiges ist gegen den Schutz der Ozeane vor Zerstörung, aber Umweltschutz funktioniert nicht mit starren Daten, utopischen Zielvorgaben und ideologischer Verblendung.

    Sinnvoll sind praktische Dinge, etwa harte Bestrafung von Kapitänen, die ihre Abfälle ins Meer werfen, oder Firmen, die Tankerunfälle fahrlässig verursachen, aber wir brauchen keine Blue Economy als neue sozialistische Planwirtschaft. Ein Beispiel dafür: Bis 2030 sollen 30 % der Ozeane als Schutzzone fungieren – das ist ein utopisches Ziel.

    Die Natur ist stärker als die Europäische Kommission, sie regeneriert sich selbst. Biodiversität gibt es seit Millionen von Jahren. Deshalb brauchen wir weder in der Landwirtschaft noch im Fischfang oder sonstwo EU-Naturalisierungsgesetze. Aber ich frage mich: Wo war und ist eigentlich der Schutz der Ozeane bei der Sprengung von Nord Stream 2 geblieben? Wo ist der akribische Wille der Kommission, diese Sprengung von Nord Stream 2 aufzuklären? Es ist schon sehr sonderbar, dass Brüssel hier nichts tut, obwohl doch sonst die Kommission den lieben langen Tag vom Grünen Deal träumt oder das böse CO2 jagt.

    Wenn wir über den Schutz der Ozeane sprechen, muss ich auch auf die Sanktionen gegen Russland zu sprechen kommen. Die Sanktionen sollten Russland treffen, gefährden aber mittlerweile unsere Ozeane, unsere Umwelt, weil Russland eben nicht untergeht, sondern seine Rohstoffe mit alten, rostigen Schiffen um den Globus schickt; ein schönes Beispiel dafür, wie sich die Kommission selbst ins Knie schießt, unter großem Applaus vieler Mitglieder dieses Hauses.

    Ja, wir müssen die Ozeane schützen, aber vor Sozialistischen, Grünen, Eurokraten. Deshalb sagen wir von der ESN: Wir stimmen guten Ideen zu, die praktikabel sind und vor allem wirtschaftlich; wir stimmen dem Statement in der großen Zielsetzung des Schutzes der Meere zu, aber wir lehnen die Blue-Economy-Basis ab: Sie sind nichts anderes als grüne Experimente und Utopien.

     
       

     

      Hélder Sousa Silva (PPE). – Senhora Presidente, Caro Comissário, Caros Colegas, o oceano é claramente um aliado indispensável para a União Europeia reforçar a sua competitividade em áreas estratégicas como a inovação, a segurança alimentar, a autonomia energética e a sustentabilidade ambiental. Por isso, digo que o Pacto Europeu para os Oceanos é uma grande oportunidade. A proteção das zonas costeiras e das comunidades piscatórias é um claro objetivo, mas também temos de assegurar uma justa remuneração para os profissionais.

    Elogio a delimitação, na passada semana, por parte dos Açores, da maior área marinha protegida da Europa, protegendo 30 % do seu mar. E, enquanto autarca, participei ativamente na delimitação da área marinha protegida da Ericeira, de Sintra e de Cascais, a primeira em Portugal, que envolveu ativamente a comunidade local na sua delimitação.

    Dada a relação intrínseca entre as nossas comunidades e os mares que nos circundam, direi que a preservação do eixo atlântico europeu é um desígnio de todos nós.

     
       

     

      André Rodrigues (S&D). – Senhora Presidente, Senhor Comissário, a União Europeia estabeleceu metas ambiciosas para a proteção de pelo menos 30 % das águas marinhas até 2030. Mas não tenhamos ilusões, isto só pode ser assegurado se garantirmos, de facto, o envolvimento de pescadores, comunidades pesqueiras, profissionais da aquicultura, ONG ambientais e demais agentes relevantes e se também assegurarmos as devidas compensações para que os profissionais das pescas não sejam vítimas deste processo.

    Saúdo, por isso, o exemplo da minha região, os Açores, que há dias aprovou o plano de reestruturação do setor da pesca, proposto pelo Partido Socialista, que prevê compensações a todos os profissionais afetados pela criação de áreas marinhas protegidas. Com um orçamento superior a 10 milhões de EUR para o período de 2025 a 2030, este plano acompanhará a implementação da proteção de 30 % do mar de uma das maiores zonas económicas exclusivas da Europa.

    Este é o exemplo que a União deve seguir, com a definição de um ambicioso fundo que acompanhe e financie um verdadeiro pacto para os oceanos.

     
       

     

      André Rougé (PfE). – Madame la Présidente, monsieur le Commissaire, chers collègues, l’outre-mer permet à la France, deuxième zone économique exclusive au monde, d’être au premier rang de la protection des océans: une priorité environnementale mondiale, dont les zones marines protégées sont l’élément le plus marquant.

    Aussi sommes-nous inquiets des menaces qui pèsent sur les îles Éparses, désormais revendiquées par Madagascar. Ces îles sont qualifiées de sanctuaires océaniques de la nature primitive. Elles sont les laboratoires de référence au niveau mondial pour étudier l’influence des changements climatiques, car elles sont vierges de toute présence humaine, ce qui en fait des modèles de naturalité.

    Il est indispensable que l’Union européenne soutienne fermement la souveraineté française sur les îles Éparses. Face à l’appétit dévorant d’une grande puissance mondiale et hégémonique qui instrumentalise la République de Madagascar dans l’océan Indien, comment l’Union européenne pourrait-elle se désintéresser de ce sanctuaire naturel? Comment l’Union européenne pourrait-elle se désintéresser, parmi ses îles, de celle qui, symboliquement, porte jusqu’à son nom – Europa?

    Dans cette partie du monde, personne n’est dupe de ce qui se cache derrière la prétention malgache à annexer les îles Éparses. Pour garantir l’avenir de ces territoires et leur biodiversité, l’Union européenne doit intégrer cette réalité géopolitique dans sa stratégie de protection des océans, mais aussi dans sa diplomatie.

     
       

     

      Ana Miranda Paz (Verts/ALE). – Senhora Presidente, venho de um país marítimo, a Galiza, um país do eixo atlântico europeu. Ali, temos duas reservas marinhas, duas áreas marinhas protegidas de interesse pesqueiro ou piscatório, também dito na nossa língua. A reserva marinha de Cedeira, que é uma verdadeira oportunidade, na qual o setor das pescas trabalha também na defesa do meio ambiente e na defesa de um recurso económico vital para o meu país.

    No meu país, que é rico em biodiversidade marinha, os governos estão contra as áreas marinhas protegidas. Preferem apoiar a macroeólica marinha, as empresas elétricas que não deixam benefícios, preferem que os marinheiros fiquem sem trabalho, para apoiar os macroparques eólicos.

    Senhor Comissário, como é possível que a Comissão Europeia proíba a pesca de fundo e, depois, permita, em áreas marinhas protegidas de especial interesse, que se metam estas macroelétricas a tirar os recursos e o peixe e a vida das nossas comunidades piscatórias, como é o caso de Cedeira?

     
       

     

      Per Clausen (The Left). – Fru formand! En af de største og mest vedvarende trusler mod vores havområder – beskyttede eller ej – er vandkvaliteten. Alt for mange steder ser vi, at den økologiske tilstand i havområderne ikke alene er dårlig, den forværres også hele tiden. Det behøver ikke at være sådan. For det er en udvikling, vi ved, hvordan vi kan gøre noget ved. Men det kræver, at vi tør tage fat i årsagerne. Det er den forurening, der kommer fra en industrialiseret landbrugsproduktion, kemikalieindustrien. Det er anvendelse af fiskeredskaber, som ødelægger havbunden. Og her mangler modet til at handle desværre ofte. Det gælder, selv når det er klart, at biodiversiteten i havene forværres år efter år. Et af de steder, hvor modet mangler, er i mit eget hjemland, Danmark. Her taler regeringen varmt om vandmiljøet, men nægter samtidig at implementere vandrammedirektivet på den rigtige måde, eller for den sags skyld at skride ind mod landbrugets udledning af pesticider og kvælstof eller den forurening, som stammer fra kemiske kemikalievirksomheder i Danmark, hvoraf en af dem ovenikøbet producerer pesticider, som er ulovlige at bruge i EU-landene. Vores have gisper bogstaveligt talt efter vejret. Fisk, havdyr og planter forsvinder, hvis EU og medlemsstaterne ikke forstår, at vores have har brug for alvorlig førstehjælp.

     
       


     

      Thomas Bajada (S&D). – Madam President, this is embarrassing. We are discussing the future of our ocean when the plenary has practically already ended, when most MEPs have already gone. Is this the attention our future deserves? This is a clear statement that our ocean, our future, is not a priority for the leadership of this Parliament.

    Dear colleagues – whoever is left – the ocean is in peril, with climate change, unruly destruction of our biodiversity and our fishers desperately trying to survive. It is vital to have a properly‑managed international network of marine protected areas, not just for biodiversity, but for the survival of our coastal communities that rely on a healthy ocean for their livelihood.

    We can’t let this failure continue. The time to act is now. Let us deliver an Ocean Pact that truly protects our ocean and safeguards our livelihood. Empty promises won’t cut it. We need binding targets like real funding, and the international political will to deliver, through marine protected areas, for our ocean, our communities and our future.

     
       

       

    Procedura “catch-the-eye”

     
       

     

      Niels Geuking (PPE). – Frau Präsidentin! Die Meere sind der größte Lebensraum auf Erden und bedrohter denn je: Klimawandel, Überfischung, auch die eigenen Fangflotten, Verschmutzung, Nährstoff- und Plastikeintrag – und wir schaden uns dadurch auch selbst. Wer Fisch in seinen ganz normalen Speiseplan integriert hat, nimmt am Ende von zwei Wochen knapp diese Plastikkarte Mikroplastik zu sich, also eine Kreditkarte Mikroplastik, weil die Meere dementsprechend verschmutzt sind.

    Wir sollten uns unter anderem auch kritischer mit den Fangquoten auseinandersetzen, um den Fischarten überhaupt eine echte Erholungschance zu ermöglichen und am Ende auch die Arbeitsplätze längerfristig zu sichern. Jedes zu späte Handeln wird seine Folgen mit sich bringen; siehe die Störe, den Aal, Dorsch, Kabeljau, Hering, Schellfisch, Heringshai, Dornhai, die Seezunge, Lachs, Meerforelle – und das waren nur Nord- und Ostsee.

    Aktuell bieten Offshore-Windparks einen der besten Schutzräume für viele Meerestiere, wie z. B. die Nordseegarnele – an sich ein trauriger Fakt. Effektiv wäre es auch, wenn wir einmal darüber sprechen würden, dass Haifischflossen ein großes Problem darstellen. Würde der Hai als Ganzes in einen europäischen Hafen einlaufen müssen, wäre das Problem wahrscheinlich gar nicht so groß. Insofern, einfache Regelung mit enormer Wirkung.

     
       

     

      Jean-Marc Germain (S&D). – Madame la Présidente, mes chers collègues, comment parler de la protection des océans sans évoquer la nécessaire protection des lanceurs d’alerte? Paul Watson croupit en prison depuis près de cent jours pour avoir voulu faire respecter le moratoire sur la pêche à la baleine. Nous devons nous battre pour sa liberté. Je me réjouis cette initiative de la Ville de Paris qui en a fait un citoyen d’honneur de la capitale de mon pays. J’appelle par ailleurs le président de la République à lui accorder la nationalité française, qu’il demande, et j’appelle de nouveau l’Union européenne à lui offrir la protection de la directive de 2019 sur la protection des personnes qui signalent des violations du droit de l’Union européenne.

    La liste des destructions à l’œuvre dans nos océans est aussi longue que le temps est court pour agir. Agir, c’est sortir de la pêche industrielle, c’est établir de vraies aires maritimes protégées, c’est adopter un moratoire sur les exploitations minières en eaux profondes, c’est bannir les polluants qui détruisent la vie marine, c’est garantir de puissants moyens financiers et de contrôle.

    Les océans sont vitaux pour la préservation du vivant. Mes chers collègues, protégeons-les!

     
       

     

      Pernando Barrena Arza (The Left). – Señora presidenta, en este punto sobre las amenazas persistentes a zonas marinas protegidas y comunidades costeras quiero llamar la atención de sus señorías sobre un proyecto para la construcción en Gernika (País Vasco) de un nuevo museo Guggenheim en plena reserva de la biosfera de Urdaibai, que es un estuario en la desembocadura del río Oca al mar Cantábrico, en el océano Atlántico.

    Estamos hablando de un proyecto que vulnera la legislación europea al plantearse en la marisma de Urdaibai, una Zona de Especial Protección para las Aves o ZEPA y, por lo tanto, parte de la Red Natura 2000. Por esta zona, declarada de especial protección, se estima que circularían alrededor de 140 000 visitantes anuales, según los promotores del museo, lo cual es absolutamente un sinsentido.

    Esta situación hace que el proyecto cuente con una enorme oposición de los habitantes del lugar, que exigen detener este proyecto porque creen que pone en riesgo una zona que debiera estar especialmente protegida y que necesita un plan de desarrollo acorde con el valor del entorno ambiental de Urdaibai.

    Queremos interpelar a la Comisión para que actúe en consecuencia, proteja los intereses medioambientales de los ciudadanos de la zona y no permita el deterioro absoluto de este espacio costero, protegido por una figura diseñada por la propia Comisión Europea como es la Red Natura 2000.

     
       

     

      Lukas Sieper (NI). – Frau Präsidentin, Hohes Haus! Zum Abschluss dieser Plenarwoche möchte ich noch einmal auf die Grundsätze hinweisen, die zu befolgen in diesem Haus wichtig ist. Ich weiß, ich selbst bin auch manchmal disruptiv, wenn es um die Gepflogenheiten des Parlaments geht, aber manche Dinge sollten wir doch auf jeden Fall hier befolgen.

    Eines davon ist es, die Wahrheit zu sprechen, und zwar die ganze Wahrheit, nicht nur einen Teil davon. Deswegen möchte ich auf eine Wahrheit eingehen, die der Kollege Droese vorhin angesprochen hat. Herr Kollege Droese von der rechtsextremen Partei AfD sagte, dass es schon immer klimatische Veränderungen auf der Welt gegeben hat, schon immer Veränderungen der Biodiversität gegeben hat.

    Ja, das stimmt, das bezweifelt auch keiner. Tatsache ist aber, dass diese Veränderungen in den letzten Jahren und Jahrzehnten in einem Ausmaß stattfinden, wie es das noch nie auf der Welt gegeben hat. Auch wenn der Kollege mir offensichtlich leider nicht zuhört – was schade ist an der Stelle –, möchte ich ihm trotzdem bewusst machen: Sie müssen immer die ganze Wahrheit betrachten, vor allen Dingen, wenn es um Themen des Klimawandels geht, wie den Schutz der Ozeane.

     
       

       

    (Fine della procedura “catch the eye”)

     
       

     

      Janusz Wojciechowski, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, honourable Members, thank you very much for all the inspiring contributions.

    The Commission has engaged with citizens, businesses, scientists, NGOs, cities, coastal communities and our international partners. They all expect us to act. Achieving a coherent and effectively‑managed EU network of marine protected areas will remain a high priority for the Commission. We need more marine protected areas and we need them to be truly protected through effective conservation measures.

    We have the awareness of our citizens, we have the knowledge and we have solutions. Now we need the political will, across Member States, to engage the dialogue, to strengthen the knowledge base, to support the innovations, to achieve full compliance with European law.

    Honourable Members, let’s secure together a better future for our ocean to the benefit of all of us.

    Pani Przewodnicząca! Jeszcze pozwolę sobie na zakończenie kilka słów powiedzieć w moim ojczystym języku polskim, bo padła tutaj wypowiedź jednego z Państwa, z panów posłów, że sankcje, którymi Unia Europejska obejmuje Rosję, są po to, żeby Rosja cierpiała. Otóż nie, one nie są po to, żeby Rosja cierpiała. One są po to, żeby nie cierpiała Ukraina, a w dalszej przyszłości, aby podobne cierpienie nie spotkało żadnego innego kraju, w tym mojego ojczystego kraju Polski.

     
       

     

      Presidente. – La discussione è chiusa.

     

    13. Explications de vote

     

      Presidente. – L’ordine del giorno reca le dichiarazioni di voto.

     

    13.1. Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (RC-B10-0133/2024)


     

      Seán Kelly (PPE). – A Uachtaráin, ní ráiteas polaitiúil amháin é an tairiscint i gcomhair rúin ar an staid san Asarbaiseáin, ach ráiteas morálta. Ní mór dúinn freagairt ar ghlanadh eitneach na nAirméineach, ar ionsaí míleata leanúnach agus ar neamhaird gan náire na hAsarbaiseáine ar chearta an duine. Ní mór don Aontas Eorpach an daonlathas a chosaint, agus ní mór an smacht reachta agus na luachanna sin a urramú go leanúnach. Ní hamháin nach mór dúinn na gníomhaíochtaí sin a cháineadh, ach ní mór dúinn gníomhú ina leith freisin. Caithfimid an Asarbaiseáin a thabhairt chun cuntais. Úsáidimis an rún seo chun ár dtiomantas do chearta an duine a athdhearbhú, ní hamháin le briathar ach le gníomh. Agus anois freagróidh mé an fón.

     

    13.2. People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (RC-B10-0134/2024)


     

      Seán Kelly (PPE). – A Uachtaráin, thacaigh mé leis an rún seo toisc go bhfuil rannpháirtíocht fhiúntach tuillte ag an Téaváin i bhfóraim idirnáisiúnta. Cé go dtugtar aitheantas i rún 2758 na Náisiún Aontaithe i 1971 do Dhaon-Phoblacht na Síne, ní réitíonn sé stádas na Téaváine ná ní thugann sé ceannasacht don tSín ar an Téaváin. Tá ról ríthábhachtach ag an Téaváin, ar thír dhaonlathach bhríomhar í ar fud an domhain, ón gcúram sláinte go dtí an teicneolaíocht. Ba cheart a toghcháin shíochánta agus a dearcadh comhoibrithe domhanda a léiriú ina rannpháirtíocht le heagraíochtaí idirnáisiúnta amhail EDS agus ICAO. Ní hamháin go bhfuil sé cóir, ach tá sé riachtanach freisin go dtacaímid le rannpháirtíocht na Téaváine chun an dlí idirnáisiúnta agus an daonlathas a urramú.

     

    14. Approval of the minutes of the sitting and forwarding of texts adopted

     

      Presidente. – Il processo verbale della seduta odierna verrà sottoposto all’approvazione del Parlamento all’inizio della prossima seduta.

    Se non vi sono obiezioni, procedo alla trasmissione immediata delle risoluzioni approvate nella seduta odierna ai loro destinatari.

     

    15. Dates of forthcoming sittings

     

      Presidente. – La prossima tornata si svolgerà dal 13 al 14 novembre 2024 a Bruxelles.

     

    16. Closure of the sitting

       

    (La seduta è tolta alle 15.41)

     

    17. Adjournment of the session

     

      Presidente. – Dichiaro interrotta la sessione del Parlamento europeo.

    La seduta è tolta.

     

    MIL OSI Europe News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Europe: ASIA/CHINA – “I do all things for the sake of the Gospel”: Matthew Zhen Xuebin new Coadjutor Bishop of Beijing

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    by Marta ZhaoBeijing (Agenzia Fides) – “I do all things for the sake of the Gospel”. With these words, Matthew Zhen Xuebin, the new Coadjutor Bishop of the Diocese of Beijing, who was ordained today, Friday, October 25, in Beitang (“Church of the North”), the cathedral dedicated to the Saviour, introduced himself, quoting the famous phrase of the Apostle Paul. In his final speech of thanksgiving, the new Bishop said: “I am grateful to the Lord for his grace in choosing me, a humble servant, as Coadjutor Bishop of the Diocese of Beijing. I am aware that I do not have the qualities required for the task entrusted to me, but I accept it in faith and entrust myself to the intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary and St. Matthew the Apostle, trusting with all my heart and promising to dedicate myself entirely to the fulfillment of my pastoral duties, because ‘I do all things for the sake of Gospel’”.“This candidate was approved by the Pope”, reads the Letter of Approval from the “College of Chinese Catholic Bishops”. This Letter, dated Saturday, October 12, was read in full at the beginning of the liturgy by Father Joseph Yang Yu in his capacity as Secretary of the aforementioned body.The liturgy of consecration was presided over by Joseph Li Shan, Bishop of the Diocese of Beijing, who was the principal consecrator. Four other Chinese bishops took part in the Eucharistic concelebration: Peter Ding Lingbin, Bishop of Changzhi (the home diocese of the newly ordained Bishop), Joseph Guo Jincai (diocese of Chengde), John Baptist Li Suguang (diocese of Nanchang), Anthony Yao Shun (diocese of Jining) together with about 140 priests (about eighty from Beijing, and the others mostly from Shanxi, Bishop Matthew Zhan’s home province). Another 500 people (nuns, lay people and many relatives of the new Bishop) took part in the liturgy of consecration and the convivial moment following the mass.The statement of the ordination published today by the Holy See Press Office reports that Pope Francis appointed Father Matthew Zhen Xuebin “as Coadjutor Bishop of Beijing, (Municipality of Beijing, China) on August 28, 2024”, and “approved his candidacy within the framework of the Provisional Agreement between the Holy See and the People’s Republic of China”.Matthew Zhen Xuebin was born in Changzhi, a village in the Chinese province of Shanxi, on May 10, 1970. From 1988 to 1993 he carried out his studies in the Philosophical and Theological Seminary of Beijing; from 1993 to 1997 he continued his studies at Saint John’s University, a university founded by the Vincentian Fathers and based in New York (USA), obtaining a licentiate in Liturgy. On June 25, 1998 he received priestly ordination, and was incardinated in the diocese of Beijing. From 1998 to 2007 he held the office of Vice-Rector of the Seminary of Beijing. He then exercised his ministry in various parishes of the city. He has served as diocesan chancellor since 2007 and in recent years he has also followed with care the pastoral care of non-Chinese Catholics residing in the diocese of Beijing, who take part in liturgies celebrated in Korean, English and Tagalog.The diocese of Beijing has 100 thousand faithful with about 80 priests, a female diocesan congregation dedicated to Saint Joseph and about forty parishes and churches. (Agenzia Fides, 25/10/2024)
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    MIL OSI Europe News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Europe: ASIA/CHINA – Consecration of Coadjutor Bishop of Beijing

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    Friday, 25 October 2024

    Vatican City (Agenzia Fides) – Today, Friday 25 October 2024, the episcopal ordination of the Reverend Matthew Zhen Zuebin, appointed by the Holy Father as coadjutor bishop of Beijing (Municipality of Beijing, China) on 28 August 2024, took place, the candidature having been approved in the framework of the Provisional Agreement between the Holy See and the People’s Republic of ChinaThe Reverend Matteo Xuebin was born in Changzhi, Shanxi, on 10 May 1970. From 1988 to 1993 he carried out his studies in the Philosophical and Theological Seminary of Beijing; from 1993 to 1997 he continued his studies at Saint John’s University, United States of America, obtaining a licentiate in liturgy. On 25 June 1998 he received priestly ordination, and was incardinated in the diocese of Beijing. From 1998 to 2007 he held the office of vice-rector of the Seminary of Beijing. He then exercised his ministry in various parishes of the city. He has served as diocesan chancellor since 2007. (Agenzia Fides, 25/10/2024)
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    MIL OSI Europe News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Europe: ASIA/INDIA – Internal migrants: Catholic communities intervene for their material and spiritual needs

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    New Delhi (Agenzia Fides) – With over 450 million internal migrants (out of a population of 1.4 billion inhabitants), India is the scene of a phenomenon that has no equal in the world. Migrants, who move to other Indian states mainly for reasons related to the search for work and education, for family needs or for emergency events such as natural disasters, often face challenges related to displacement, exploitation, access to basic services. And also to faith.Among the migrants there are Catholic and Christian Indian citizens and for this reason Christian Churches in India have become aware of the phenomenon and have studied interventions and solutions to accompany these people on the path of social reintegration and in their spiritual and pastoral needs. The spirit is to “give migrants in India a second chance”, accompanying them in the process of development, job search and training, assisting them, especially in the early stages of their new life, with social and food security programs and educational opportunities for children whose families have moved to a context different from their home. To achieve these goals, the Catholic Church in India has inaugurated a digital portal that supports migrants in the country, in various areas. Presented by Cardinal Philip Neri Ferrão, Archbishop of Goa and President of the Conference Catholic Bishops of Latin Rite of India (CCBI), the new web portal, integrated into the “Catholic Connect” platform, is inspired by and seeks to put into practice the indications of Pope Francis who, with regard to migrants, has repeatedly cited four verbs: welcome, protect, promote, integrate. The action of the Catholic Church, at all levels, also aims to ensure that, thanks to the aid received, migrants and internally displaced persons and especially unaccompanied minors, do not fall victim to human trafficking.As explained by Father Jaison Vadassery, Executive Secretary of the CCBI Commission for Migrants, the online portal allows migrants to register and access church services (parishes, Caritas, schools, hospitals, etc.) regardless of their location: the aim is to ensure that migrants can find and feel the warmth of a community, even if they are far from their home or country of origin: “It is important that they integrate harmoniously into the host communities, while remaining tied to their cultural and religious roots”, explained Father Vadassery. The platform also helps migrants on a legal and bureaucratic level, for enrolling in government assistance programs or for receiving humanitarian aid in the event of emergencies and natural disasters, which cause displacement.Monsignor Alwyn D’Silva, Auxiliary Bishop of Mumbai, referring to Pope Francis’ encyclical “Fratelli Tutti”, recalled the importance of pastoral care for migrants, especially for the most vulnerable and poor, who have low-skilled jobs, who face exploitation and are without legal protection. The Church, he said, has the task of accompanying them not only in moving from one place to another and on the path of social reintegration, but also on the path of faith. For this reason, the Commission for Migrants has presented a pastoral plan that involves parishes across the country in meeting the spiritual and social needs of migrants. (PA) (Agenzia Fides, 25/10/2024)
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    MIL OSI Europe News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Europe: ASIA/BAHRAIN – Being witnesses of God and his beauty: thousands of faithful at the closing of the Holy Door of Awali

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    Friday, 25 October 2024

    Awali (Agenzia Fides) – “We celebrate Saint Aretha and Companions, we celebrate the conclusion of this jubilee year but above all we celebrate Jesus, the Risen One who opens the doors of Paradise revealing to us the love of God the Father and infuses us with the Holy Spirit to live now as children of God”. With these words Bishop Aldo Berardi, O.SS.T., Apostolic Vicar of Northern Arabia, addressed the thousands of faithful gathered today, October 25, for the closing of the jubilee year of Saint Aretha and companions at the Cathedral of Our Lady of Arabia, Awali.After the emotional closing of the Holy Door, the long procession poured into the Cathedral of Awali for the mass celebrated by the Apostolic Vicar.The conclusion of the Extraordinary Jubilee of Saint Aretha and Companions, inaugurated in October last year (see Fides, 24/10/2023), marks another significant milestone for the Church in the Arabian Peninsula. It was one of the most important celebrations of the Vicariate to commemorate the presence of the Christian in the 5th century in the Arabian Peninsula. This important occasion marked the conclusion of a year-long celebration dedicated to the life and legacy of Saint Aretha, venerated for his profound commitment to faith, celebrating his life, virtues and teachings.“This Jubilee period was a blessing for the Vicariate, a true moment of grace that saw the succession of numerous pilgrimages, thousands of people passed through the two holy doors of the Vicariate, asking for graces, indulgences, blessings. They have made a true pilgrimage in the depths of their hearts with the desire to convert, to change, to follow Jesus more and more, who is Himself the Door,” said Berardi. There is a veil of sadness for the closing of the Holy Door, but Jesus is the Door because He is life.”The Church in the Arabian Peninsula expressed deep gratitude to the Holy Father for having designated this extraordinary Jubilee, which has reinvigorated the missionary spirit of the Church and provided an opportunity to reconnect with its ancient Christian roots.“This Jubilee has been a blessing to understand that in our land, here in the Arabian Peninsula, we are part of the history of this community and we are walking in the footsteps of the first Christians, always respecting its traditions and beliefs,” said Bishop Berardi. “It has been an opportunity for us to discover our special vocation to bear witness to the truth of our faith. Often we cannot express ourselves but we can live, act according to our faith. It is essential for us to live our faith every day. Every day I must choose good, love, honesty. I am always a child of God and I must demonstrate daily that I am a believer.”In conclusion, the Apostolic Vicar added: “we have discovered that being martyrs means being witnesses, just like the martyrs of Najran who did not deny Jesus, who is much more than a saint, a prophet, the son of God. We received this revelation from his Resurrection. The fact that we are gathered here today shows that we can do it with the love of God that changes our hearts. We are the people of God thanks to his sacrifice on the Cross and his resurrection.” Berardi urged the faithful to be witnesses of God and his beauty in their families, in their workplaces, in everyday life. He also remembered the many martyrs of today, the many populations who live in suffering.(AP) (Agenzia Fides, 25/10/2024)

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    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Global: Why night owls struggle more when the clocks go back

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Darren Rhodes, Lecturer in Cognitive Psychology and Environmental Temporal Cognition Lab Director, Keele University, Keele University

    When the clocks go back, things are even worse for night people. Roman Samborskyi/Shutterstock

    When the clocks go back and we gain an extra hour, it might seem like a welcome bonus. But not for everyone. Night owls, those who naturally prefer staying up late and waking up late, often find this time of year particularly difficult.

    The explanation lies in the the science of our internal clocks.

    Chronotypes are our natural preference for waking and sleeping at certain times, whether you’re an early bird who springs out of bed with the dawn or a night owl who comes alive in the evening.

    This variation is partly genetic, and it also influences our body’s natural rhythms, like hormone release and body temperature fluctuations. During the day, the hormone cortisol increases to help us feel alert and energised, while another hormone, melatonin, which induces sleepiness, is produced more in the evening. Similarly, our body temperature fluctuates, generally reaching its peak in the late afternoon and dropping during the night to facilitate sleep.

    When the clocks go back, night owls often face a double burden. Their biological rhythm is already shifted later compared to others, and the sudden change in daylight makes it harder to align with the social clock that dictates work and school schedules.

    For night owls, the sudden shift means losing evening daylight when they might
    naturally be more alert and active. This change can exacerbate feelings of social jet lag, a state where their internal body clock is out of sync with societal demands. Research shows that social jet lag is associated with increased stress, lower mood, and even health effects such as poorer cardiovascular health.

    If that wasn’t enough, those with an evening chronotype tend to have a harder time adapting to abrupt changes in sleep patterns. Their melatonin (the hormone that signals it’s time for sleep) is released later in the evening. When daylight saving ends, this delay can lead to even greater misalignment between their internal clock and the environment.

    Research from people living in polar regions, where there is very little daylight for several months of the year, reveals how sensitive our sense of time is to light exposure. A 2020 study on crew at the Belgrano II Argentine Antarctic station measured their estimation of time in the seconds to minutes range at five different points in the year. It found that people’s time perception in winter, due to the lack of daylight and the social isolation and confinement that came with living at the station.

    The difference between morning and night people is in our biology.
    Drazen Zigic/Shutterstock

    Research in polar regions is providing insights into how different chronotypes adapt to extreme daylight conditions. For example, some studies have shown that people with morning chronotypes tend to adapt better to the prolonged daylight of polar summers, maintaining more stable sleep patterns and mental health. Those with evening chronotypes often struggle with the long periods of darkness in polar winters, leading to greater sleep disruptions and mood disturbances.

    These insights not only have the potential to improve the quality of life for people in such settings but could also be instrumental in future space exploration, where adapting to unique time cues will be essential.

    Dark moods and light deprivation

    This struggle isn’t just about feeling tired. It affects productivity, mental health and life satisfaction. Studies suggest that people with later chronotypes are more vulnerable to seasonal affective symptoms when the days get shorter. This may be because night owls are more likely to be deprived of the morning light that helps regulate circadian rhythms.

    Morning light is particularly important for regulating circadian rhythms because it contains a higher amount of blue light, which is the most effective wavelength for stimulating the body’s production of cortisol and suppressing melatonin. Exposure to natural morning light helps reset the internal clock too.

    Night owls often face practical challenges that early birds may not fully appreciate. The misalignment between their natural sleep patterns and the demands of traditional work or school schedules can lead to chronic sleep deprivation. This struggle to adapt to an early schedule can harm cognitive performance, decision making and productivity. Studies have found that night owls are more likely to experience difficulties with metabolic health (processing food like fat and sugar), which may be linked to irregular sleep-wake patterns.

    Owls of the night may also find it harder to reap the benefits of morning activities that can help improve mood and wellbeing. Activities like outdoor exercise in natural light are particularly effective in regulating circadian rhythms. That’s why night owls who miss morning light might not get the same benefits from evening activities. This lack of alignment with societal norms can lead to feelings of isolation or being misunderstood. By recognising and validating these differences, we can begin to create environments that support the needs of different chronotypes.

    The challenges that night owls face when the clocks go back highlight how our
    society’s rigid schedules don’t always accommodate the diversity of human biology.
    Recognising these differences can be a first step toward supporting people
    whose internal clocks don’t align with the norm – whether through flexible work hours, light therapy or simply greater awareness of chronotype differences.

    Darren Rhodes does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Why night owls struggle more when the clocks go back – https://theconversation.com/why-night-owls-struggle-more-when-the-clocks-go-back-241728

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Global: Why ghosts wear clothes or white sheets instead of appearing in the nude

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Shane McCorristine, Reader in Cultural History, Newcastle University

    When you think of a ghost, what comes to mind? A ghastly, mouldy winding-sheet? A malevolent pile of supernatural armour? Or a sinister gentleman in a stiff Victorian suit?

    In 1863 George Cruikshank, the caricaturist and illustrator of Dickens’s novels, announced a “discovery” concerning the varied appearance of ghosts. It does not seem, he wrote:

    That any one has ever thought of the gross absurdity and impossibility of there being such things as ghosts of wearing apparel … Ghosts cannot, must not, dare not, for decency’s sake, appear without clothes; and as there can be no such thing as ghosts or spirits of clothes, why then, it appears that ghosts never did appear and never can appear.

    Why aren’t ghosts naked? This was a key philosophical question for Cruikshank and many others in Victorian Britain. Indeed, stories of naked or clothesless ghosts, especially outside folklore, are exceedingly rare. Sceptics and ghost-seers alike have delighted in thinking about how exactly ghosts could have form and force in the material world. Just what kind of stuff could they be made of that allows them to share our plane of existence, in all its mundanity?

    Gillray’s Gown Metamorphose’d into a Ghost (1797).
    British Museum, CC BY

    The image of the ghost as a figure in a white winding-sheet or burial shroud has retained its iconic status for hundreds of years because it suggests a continuity between the corpse and the spirit.

    The main social role of the ghost before the modern period was to carry a message to the living from beyond the grave, so the link to burial clothing makes sense. This can be seen in the medieval trope of the Three Living and the Three Dead, whereby some hunters encounter their future skeletal corpses, wrapped in linen, admonishing them to remember death.

    Yet by the mid-19th century, with spiritualism and early forms of psychical research spreading across the western world, people began to report seeing ghosts dressed in everyday and contemporaneous clothing.

    This raised problems for those interested in investigating the reality of ghosts. If the ghost was an objective reality, why should it be wearing clothes? If the tenets of spiritualism were true, should the soul which has returned to visit the earth not be formed of light or some other form of ethereal substance? Were the clothes of spirits also spiritual, and if so, did they share in their essence or were they the ghosts of clothes in their own right?

    You could adopt an idealist position and say that the clothes were metaphysical ideas bound up with the immortal identity of the wearer – the identity of the ghost meaning something more than simply the apparition of a soul-force.

    Another explanation was that ghost-seers dress the ghost, automatically, through unconscious processes. And so we see a ghost in its usual dress because that is the mental picture we have of the person, and this choice of garment is most likely to inspire recognition.

    The Lady Ghost by Adelaide Claxton (1876).
    Sotheby’s

    The critic and anthropologist Andrew Lang drew comparisons between dreaming and ghost-seeing in 1897 when he stated that:

    We do not see people naked, as a rule, in our dreams; and hallucinations, being waking dreams, conform to the same rule. If a ghost opens a door or lifts a curtain in our sight, that, too, is only part of the illusion. The door did not open; the curtain was not lifted … It was produced in the same way as when a hypnotised patient is told that “his hand is burned”, his fancy then begets real blisters.

    For Lang, the clothes of ghosts were the stuff that dreams are made of. The implication of this, that ghost-seers are dressers, but not undressers, seems to reflect a pervading morality of ghosts, whereby most 19th-century spirits were sanitised and chaste. Lang’s odd assumption that there was no nakedness in dreams echoes this.

    The matter of spirits

    Fashion and clothing were central to the identification of class, gender and occupation in the Victorian period. The ghosts of the servant class seemed to be especially tied to their clothes, rather than their faces or voices – a theme that comes out in some ghost reports submitted to The Strand magazine in 1908.

    Here, a ghost-seer reported seeing “a figure, which had nothing supernatural about it, being simply that of a servant in a light cotton dress … and with a white cap on … The whole figure had the general appearance of the housemaid, so that she had been the one I had thought of. It was not in the least like the cook, who dressed in much darker cottons”.

    Clothes identify people and make them capable of representation – nakedness disrupts this means of instantly categorising someone.

    The ghost of a woman with a burial shroud confronts her murderer on a stormy night.
    Wellcome Collection, CC BY

    The issue of ghost clothes is interesting for historians of the supernatural because, like a loose thread, pulling at it starts to unravel some of the assumptions about matter in spiritualism. Do ghosts retain the injuries or disabilities that befell them in life? And what about the erotic fleshiness of spirits – the touching and kissing between the living and the dead in the séance room and the “ectoplasm” (a gauze-like spiritual substance) photographed emerging from the orifices of mediums? Could the living even have sexual intercourse with ghosts?

    These kinds of knotty debates have not disappeared in the 21st century. Indeed, “spectrophilia” – or the love of ghosts – is a fetish that is a lively topic of debate on the internet today. Another turn of the screw in the long history of how spirits matter in the world of the living.



    Looking for something good? Cut through the noise with a carefully curated selection of the latest releases, live events and exhibitions, straight to your inbox every fortnight, on Fridays. Sign up here.


    Shane McCorristine does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Why ghosts wear clothes or white sheets instead of appearing in the nude – https://theconversation.com/why-ghosts-wear-clothes-or-white-sheets-instead-of-appearing-in-the-nude-241948

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Global: How Harris and Trump’s economic pledges stack up

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Conor O’Kane, Senior Lecturer in Economics, Bournemouth University

    kovop / Shutterstock

    We’re now in the home straight of the US election race, and the economy looks set to play a key role in deciding who will be sat in the White House come January 2025. Despite enjoying strong economic and employment growth since the pandemic, US voters have been telling pollsters that the high cost of living is what bothers them most about life in America right now.

    Both candidates are seeking to address voter’s concerns. The Democratic candidate, Kamala Harris, and her Republican counterpart, Donald Trump, agree on virtually nothing. But what they do agree on is that the federal government should be playing a bigger role in making things more affordable for American consumers.

    That said, there are significant differences in how the candidates propose to bring down prices across the economy. Trump wants to force companies into creating jobs on US soil. And Harris wishes to break down the power that some companies have amassed in the marketplace.

    What has Trump pledged?

    At a campaign rally on September 19, Trump said: “Together, we will deliver low taxes, low regulations, low energy costs, low interest rates and low inflation so that everyone can afford groceries, a car and a home”.

    Trump is promising to reduce regulation, as well as launching another big round of tax cuts for individual people and businesses. He has also pledged to make income from tips, overtime and social security payments exempt from tax altogether.

    But, somewhat ironically, Trump’s overall economic approach is somewhat un-Republican. We traditionally tend to think of Republicans as the “take your hands off my economy” party. However, many of Trump’s economic policy pledges are very hands on.

    He has promised tariffs of up to 20% on goods imported into the US, and 60% on all goods from China. His rationale is that by making imported goods more expensive, US companies will be encouraged to make more goods domestically, so American workers will benefit in terms of millions more well-paid manufacturing jobs at home.

    Trump has also said that, if elected, he will direct his cabinet to reduce energy prices and auto insurance by at least 50%. “Prices will come down. You just watch. They’ll come down and they’ll come down fast”, he claimed during a speech in August.

    He plans to intervene in the housing market, too. Trump’s strategy for lowering housing costs focuses on stopping “the unsustainable invasion of illegal aliens”, and he has pledged to deport up to 11 million immigrants who currently live in the US. This, he says, will result in a dramatic reduction in demand and bring down the cost of housing.

    Perhaps Trump’s most striking policy is in relation to the Federal Reserve. He wants the elected president to have a greater say over the interest rate policy for the US economy. Lower interest rates would mean lower borrowing costs, which should subsequently reduce mortgage prices.

    But a lot of economists, including former US treasury secretary Larry Summers, warn that this approach could backfire. When executives start to intervene in independent central banking, you risk setting off a spiral of rapid inflation.

    What has Harris pledged?

    A lot of Americans believe that grocery chains and food companies are ripping them off. Food prices are up by about 25% compared to before the pandemic, and a recent poll suggests that American consumers’ view of the grocery industry has sunk to a two-decade low.

    Harris has promised to address this. At a campaign event in Raleigh, North Carolina, in August, she said: “As president, I will take on the high costs that matter most to most Americans, like the cost of food”.

    She believes the food industry is too concentrated, where just a few firms have a lot of power. She wants the food industry to become more competitive, which would mean lower prices for US consumers.

    Harris has proposed giving government money to start-up meatpacking companies to help them challenge the dominant players. And she also wants the Federal Trade Commission to look at mergers and other forms of consolidation in the food industry more aggressively.

    This may include giving the commission additional regulatory and enforcement powers to actively look for and stop anti-competitive behaviour. For example, Harris has proposed the first federal ban on price gouging to stop companies exploiting crises to charge people more for essentials.

    Harris has promised to break the stranglehold large corporations have over US food supply.
    Bartolomiej Pietrzyk / Shutterstock

    Harris, like Trump, has also promised to address housing costs. She wants to use federal dollars to encourage developers to build, and has set an ambitious target of building 3 million new housing units over her four-year term.

    Her idea is that one way to bring down housing costs is to build a lot more housing. She also wants to give US$25,000 (£19,200) to every first-time home buyer in the country to help them with a down payment.

    To help reduce child poverty, Harris says she will restore Biden’s generous tax credit for parents. And, on top of that, she wants to introduce a US$6,000 tax credit for parents of newborns, as well as planning to cap childcare costs at 7% of household income.

    Both candidates have clearly listened to voters’ concerns about the cost of living, but there is little detail on how they will fund the giveaways set out in their economic policy pledges.

    Harris says there will be no tax increases for anybody who makes less than US$400,000 a year. However, she has in mind a whole bunch of taxes on millionaires and big companies – the sort that Democrats are fond of targeting. Trump, on the other hand, has not set out how he will pay for any of his policies.

    More than 20 US recipients of the Nobel prize for economics signed a letter on October 23 that called Harris’ economic agenda “vastly superior” to Trump’s.

    But we don’t have long to wait to see which candidate’s economic pledges have resonated most with US voters.

    Conor O’Kane does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. How Harris and Trump’s economic pledges stack up – https://theconversation.com/how-harris-and-trumps-economic-pledges-stack-up-241644

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Global: Will you get an extra hour’s sleep this weekend? Probably not, new research says

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Melanie de Lange, Epidemiology PhD Student, University of Bristol

    Science says you may not actually get that full hour’s extra sleep you were looking forward to. kattyart/Shutterstock

    A lot of people dread the clocks going back an hour in winter – but reassure themselves that at least they’ll get an extra hour’s sleep. However, in my new study my colleagues and I found most people do not (or can not) take advantage of the full extra hour of sleep in autumn.

    Daylight saving time is the practice of moving the clocks one hour forward in spring and one hour back in autumn. It was introduced during the first world war as a way to cut energy costs. It is in operation in around 70 countries and affects a quarter of the world’s population.

    This “springing forward” and “falling back” is widely thought of a loss of one hour of sleep in spring and a gain of one hour of sleep in autumn. However, research suggests we may lose sleep for about a week after both clock changes as we struggle to adapt to the new time.

    Previous studies have relied on people reporting their own sleep patterns in diaries or surveys. However, this may not be accurate because people sometimes forget or lie about how long they slept for. Recent research has overcome this problem by using activity monitors to record people’s sleep over the clock changes. But until now researchers have only been able to do this in a small number of people.

    Our new study explored the effects of the clock changes on objectively-measured sleep duration in a large number of people who are signed up to the UK Biobank. This is a research database with lifestyle and health information from half a million UK participants. We analysed sleep data from 11,800 people who wore activity monitors for one or more days during the two weeks surrounding the spring and autumn clock changes in 2013-2015.

    Sleep is important for health and wellbeing.
    Lizavetta/Shutterstock

    We found that people slept for just over half an hour more on the Sunday of the autumn clock change than the surrounding Sundays. But people slept for around an hour less of the Sunday of the spring clock change.

    Previous research suggests people sleep for less on the weekdays immediately after the clock changes than the weekdays before. In contrast, this study found that, overall, people were catching up on sleep on the Monday to Friday after both clock changes. This trend was stronger in spring after people had lost an hour of sleep. On average people slept seven minutes more per weeknight after the spring clock change and three minutes more per weeknight after the autumn clock change than the previous week.

    This suggests that effects of the clock changes on sleep duration are more short lived than earlier studies reported. However, when we broke the data down, we found that this pattern of catching up on sleep was not seen in women. In fact, women often slept for less on the weekdays after the clock changes than before. This could be because women experience higher levels of insomnia and sleep difficulties and that these problems are exacerbated by the clock changes. Women are thought to struggle more with insomnia than men due to a number of reasons, including hormonal fluctuations, societal factors and higher rates of depression and anxiety.

    We also found that, in autumn, older people and the retired slept less on the weekdays after the transition than before. It may be that older people are particularly vulnerable to their sleep being disrupted by the clock changes because sleep becomes lighter and more fragmented as we age.

    Why does this matter?

    Although short lived, the sleep loss seen over the spring clock change in our study has consequences for health, as just one night of bad sleep has been associated with a decline in mental and physical health.

    Research has found that the clock changes themselves are associated with an increase in heart attacks, strokes, traffic accidents and depression. Sleep plays a vital role keeping your heart healthy, as well as maintaining emotional regulation. The amount of sleep you get also affects your reaction times and how likely you are to take risks.

    Concern over the harmful effects of the clock changes on health has prompted sleep scientists to call for the clock changes to be abolished. Indeed, a growing number of countries – including the US, Jordan, Mexico, Ukraine and those in the EU – have made plans to do just that.

    But stopping the clock changes is not straightforward. Plans in both the US and EU have stalled, with disagreements over what time to adopt permanently. Sleep experts argue that staying on winter (standard) time is best for health as this prioritises morning light which helps wake you up, resets your biological rhythm each day and makes it easier for you to fall asleep in the evening. Meanwhile, politicians are campaigning for permanent summer time due to the economic benefits they think it has.

    The UK finds itself in an interesting position. No longer part of the EU, it is not duty bound to stop the clock changes at the same time as the EU. But being out of sync with the rest of Europe (including the Republic of Ireland) could have economic and logistical implications.

    The UK government will probably review its daylight saving time policy as and when the EU finally ends the clock changes. It is crucial that they take the effects on sleep and health into account when this happens.

    Melanie de Lange receives funding from Wellcome.

    – ref. Will you get an extra hour’s sleep this weekend? Probably not, new research says – https://theconversation.com/will-you-get-an-extra-hours-sleep-this-weekend-probably-not-new-research-says-241285

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: “Serious questions” about Irish language signs not serious enough to warrant them being stopped?

    Source: Traditional Unionist Voice – Northern Ireland

    Statement by TUV deputy leader Ron McDowell:

    “The DUP MLA Stephen Dunne has, in today’s News Letter, correctly highlighted the fact that there are “serious questions” about where Minister O’Dowd’s priorities lie after Mr Dunne revealed that the cost of the Irish language road signs in parts of Belfast is going to be £50,000.
    “Speaking during an Infrastructure Committee meeting Mr Dunne observed:
    “Questions must be asked about whether spending £50,000 to replace perfectly functional traffic signs is a wise use of public money. Changes to street signage in Belfast are already controversial due to their cost. The minister should carefully consider his priorities before committing any additional taxpayer money to further rolling out this scheme.”
    “I agree but there is now a question for Mr Dunne and his DUP colleagues – what are they going to do about it?
    “There is a petition in the Assembly Business Office calling for Minister O’Dowd’s decision to be referred to the Executive where Unionists could block it. Are the “serious questions” serious enough for the DUP to block this decision? If so, Mr Dunne and his colleagues will sign the petition and in so doing begin the process which will permit Unionists to overturn Minister O’Dowd’s plan for Irish language road signs in Belfast.”

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: Moscow Installs First 150 kW Fast Charging Stations

    Source: Moscow Transport

    Moscow has installed the first high-power 150 kW fast charging stations as part of the Energy of Moscow project. Charging an electric vehicle at these stations takes an average of 30 minutes.

    According to Moscow’s Deputy Mayor for Transport and Industry, Maksim Liksutov, there are almost 250 charging stations operating in the capital as part of the Energy of Moscow project. The two new 150 kW stations are located at: Denezhny Pereulok, 8-10 and Vozdvizhenka Street, 10.

    We have installed the first 150 kW charging stations, with a charging time of around 30 minutes. By 2030, the number of charging stations in Moscow will increase to 30,000. We will also install hubs for taxis and carsharing with the ability to charge 10-15 cars simultaneously. We thank all our operators for their work, which allows us to develop the charging station network in the city. We strive to make the capital one of the world’s leaders in the use of electric transport. This task was set by Moscow Mayor Sergey Sobyanin,-  added Maksim Liksutov.

    The new stations feature the ability to charge 2 cars simultaneously and have GB/T and CCS Combo 2 connectors for the most popular electric vehicle models.

    The Moscow Transport app can be used to find an available station, plan a route to the charging station, and book a charging session.

    As part of the Energy of Moscow project, approximately 250 free electric vehicle charging stations (EVCS) have been installed in the capital. Electric vehicle owners are exempt from paying transportation tax and can park for free throughout the city.

    Since the launch of the first Energy of Moscow charging station in March 2021, electric vehicle owners have completed over 640,000 charging sessions. All stations are located in places where citizens spend most of their time, such as near shopping and business centers, parks, residential buildings, cafes, and stores.

    According to plans, by 2030, there will be 30,000 EVCS in the capital, and the number of electric vehicles in Moscow will increase to 320,000 – 7% of the total number of cars. Additionally, hubs will be installed for taxis and carsharing, with the ability to charge 10–15 cars simultaneously.

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI: First Hawaiian, Inc. Reports Third Quarter 2024 Financial Results and Declares Dividend

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    HONOLULU, Oct. 25, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — First Hawaiian, Inc. (NASDAQ:FHB), (“First Hawaiian” or the “Company”) today reported financial results for its quarter ended September 30, 2024.

    “I’m happy to report that we had a very good third quarter,” said Bob Harrison, Chairman, President, and CEO. “Net interest income and noninterest income increased over the prior quarter, expenses were well controlled and credit quality remained excellent. I’m also pleased to report that during the third quarter, Moody’s reviewed and reaffirmed all of First Hawaiian Bank’s long-term credit and deposit ratings.”

    On October 23, 2024, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a quarterly cash dividend of $0.26 per share. The dividend will be payable on November 29, 2024, to stockholders of record at the close of business on November 18, 2024.

    Third Quarter 2024 Highlights:

    • Net income of $61.5 million, or $0.48 per diluted share
    • Total loans and leases decreased $118.5 million versus the prior quarter
    • Total deposits decreased $91.1 million versus the prior quarter
    • Net interest margin increased 3 basis points to 2.95%
    • Recorded a $7.4 million provision for credit losses
    • Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.26 per share

    Balance Sheet

    Total assets were $23.8 billion as of September 30, 2024, a decrease of $211.5 million, or 0.9%, from $24.0 billion as of June 30, 2024.

    Gross loans and leases were $14.2 billion as of September 30, 2024, a decrease of $118.5 million, or 0.8%, from $14.4 billion as of June 30, 2024.

    Total deposits were $20.2 billion as of September 30, 2024, a decrease of $91.1 million, or 0.4%, from $20.3 billion as of June 30, 2024.

    Net Interest Income

    Net interest income for the third quarter of 2024 was $156.7 million, an increase of $3.9 million, or 2.5%, compared to $152.9 million for the prior quarter.

    The net interest margin was 2.95% in the third quarter of 2024, an increase of 3 basis points compared to 2.92% in the prior quarter.

    Provision Expense

    During the quarter ended September 30, 2024, we recorded a $7.4 million provision for credit losses. In the quarter ended June 30, 2024, we recorded a $1.8 million provision for credit losses.

    Noninterest Income

    Noninterest income was $53.3 million in the third quarter of 2024, an increase of $1.5 million compared to noninterest income of $51.8 million in the prior quarter.

    Noninterest Expense

    Noninterest expense was $126.1 million in the third quarter of 2024, an increase of $4.1 million compared to noninterest expense of $122.1 million in the prior quarter.

    The efficiency ratio was 59.8% and 59.2% for the quarters ended September 30, 2024 and June 30, 2024, respectively.

    Taxes

    The effective tax rate was 19.6% and 23.3% for the quarters ended September 30, 2024 and June 30, 2024, respectively.

    Asset Quality

    The allowance for credit losses was $163.7 million, or 1.15% of total loans and leases, as of September 30, 2024, compared to $160.5 million, or 1.12% of total loans and leases, as of June 30, 2024. The reserve for unfunded commitments was $33.7 million as of September 30, 2024 compared to $33.4 million as of June 30, 2024. Net charge-offs were $3.9 million, or 0.11% of average loans and leases on an annualized basis, for the quarter ended September 30, 2024, compared to net charge-offs of $2.5 million, or 0.07% of average loans and leases on an annualized basis, for the quarter ended June 30, 2024. Total non-performing assets were $17.8 million, or 0.13% of total loans and leases and other real estate owned, as of September 30, 2024, compared to $18.0 million, or 0.13% of total loans and leases and other real estate owned, as of June 30, 2024.

    Capital

    Total stockholders’ equity increased $97.7 million in the third quarter, and stood at $2.6 billion on September 30, 2024 and June 30, 2024.

    The tier 1 leverage, common equity tier 1 and total capital ratios were 9.14%, 13.03% and 14.25%, respectively, on September 30, 2024, compared with 9.03%, 12.73% and 13.92%, respectively, on June 30, 2024.

    The Company did not repurchase any shares in the third quarter.

    First Hawaiian, Inc.

    First Hawaiian, Inc. (NASDAQ:FHB) is a bank holding company headquartered in Honolulu, Hawaii. Its principal subsidiary, First Hawaiian Bank, founded in 1858 under the name Bishop & Company, is Hawaii’s oldest and largest financial institution with branch locations throughout Hawaii, Guam and Saipan. The company offers a comprehensive suite of banking services to consumer and commercial customers including deposit products, loans, wealth management, insurance, trust, retirement planning, credit card and merchant processing services. Customers may also access their accounts through ATMs, online and mobile banking channels. For more information about First Hawaiian, Inc., visit the Company’s website, www.fhb.com.

    Conference Call Information

    First Hawaiian will host a conference call to discuss the Company’s results today at 1:00 p.m. Eastern Time, 7:00 a.m. Hawaii Time.

    To access the call by phone, participants will need to click on the following registration link: https://register.vevent.com/register/BIec8273f35cc340bcb13d27eae17d127b, register for the conference call, and then you will receive the dial-in number and a personalized PIN code. To avoid delays, we encourage participants to dial into the conference call fifteen minutes ahead of the scheduled start time.

    A live webcast of the conference call, including a slide presentation, will be available at the following link: www.fhb.com/earnings. The archive of the webcast will be available at the same location.

    Forward-Looking Statements
    This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These forward-looking statements reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, future events and our financial performance. These statements are often, but not always, made through the use of words or phrases such as “may”, “might”, “should”, “could”, “predict”, “potential”, “believe”, “expect”, “continue”, “will”, “anticipate”, “seek”, “estimate”, “intend”, “plan”, “projection”, “would”, “annualized” and “outlook”, or the negative version of those words or other comparable words or phrases of a future or forward-looking nature. These forward-looking statements are not historical facts, and are based on current expectations, estimates and projections about our industry, management’s beliefs and certain assumptions made by management, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain and beyond our control. Accordingly, we caution you that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks, assumptions, estimates and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in these forward-looking statements are reasonable as of the date made, there can be no assurance that actual results will not prove to be materially different from the results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. A number of important factors could cause actual results or performance to differ materially from the forward-looking statements, including (without limitation) the risks and uncertainties associated with the domestic and global economic environment and capital market conditions and other risk factors. For a discussion of some of these risks and important factors that could affect our future results and financial condition, see our U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) filings, including, but not limited to, our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023 and our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2024 and June 30, 2024.

    Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
    Return on average tangible assets, return on average tangible stockholders’ equity, tangible book value per share and tangible stockholders’ equity to tangible assets are non-GAAP financial measures. We believe that these measurements are useful for investors, regulators, management and others to evaluate financial performance and capital adequacy relative to other financial institutions. Although these non-GAAP financial measures are frequently used by stakeholders in the evaluation of a company, they have limitations as analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results or financial condition as reported under GAAP. Investors should consider our performance and capital adequacy as reported under GAAP and all other relevant information when assessing our performance and capital adequacy.

    Table 14 at the end of this document provides a reconciliation of these non-GAAP financial measures with their most directly comparable GAAP measures.

                                     
    Financial Highlights   Table 1
        For the Three Months Ended   For the Nine Months Ended  
        September 30,    June 30,    September 30,    September 30,   
    (dollars in thousands, except per share data)   2024   2024   2023   2024   2023  
    Operating Results:                                
    Net interest income   $ 156,707   $ 152,851   $ 157,148   $ 463,985   $ 484,334  
    Provision for credit losses     7,400     1,800     7,500     15,500     21,300  
    Noninterest income     53,288     51,768     46,097     156,427     142,468  
    Noninterest expense     126,147     122,086     119,383     377,046     358,831  
    Net income     61,492     61,921     58,221     177,633     187,481  
    Basic earnings per share     0.48     0.48     0.46     1.39     1.47  
    Diluted earnings per share     0.48     0.48     0.46     1.38     1.47  
    Dividends declared per share     0.26     0.26     0.26     0.78     0.78  
    Dividend payout ratio     54.17 %   54.17 %   56.52 %   56.52 %   53.06 %
    Performance Ratios(1):                                
    Net interest margin     2.95 %   2.92 %   2.86 %   2.93 %   2.96 %
    Efficiency ratio     59.77 %   59.22 %   58.31 %   60.38 %   56.86 %
    Return on average total assets     1.02 %   1.04 %   0.93 %   0.99 %   1.01 %
    Return on average tangible assets (non-GAAP)(2)     1.06 %   1.08 %   0.97 %   1.03 %   1.06 %
    Return on average total stockholders’ equity     9.45 %   9.91 %   9.76 %   9.37 %   10.72 %
    Return on average tangible stockholders’ equity (non-GAAP)(2)     15.35 %   16.42 %   16.84 %   15.43 %   18.68 %
    Average Balances:                                
    Average loans and leases   $ 14,304,806   $ 14,358,049   $ 14,349,402   $ 14,325,065   $ 14,238,309  
    Average earning assets     21,328,882     21,247,707     22,060,480     21,352,739     22,040,704  
    Average assets     24,046,696     23,958,913     24,727,893     24,064,208     24,699,826  
    Average deposits     20,367,805     20,308,028     21,212,102     20,415,746     21,245,055  
    Average stockholders’ equity     2,588,806     2,512,471     2,367,422     2,532,911     2,337,292  
    Market Value Per Share:                                
    Closing     23.15     20.76     18.05     23.15     18.05  
    High     26.18     22.68     22.59     26.18     28.28  
    Low     20.28     19.48     17.41     19.48     15.08  
                               
        As of   As of   As of   As of  
        September 30,    June 30,    December 31,    September 30,   
    (dollars in thousands, except per share data)   2024   2024   2023   2023  
    Balance Sheet Data:                          
    Loans and leases   $ 14,241,370   $ 14,359,899   $ 14,353,497   $ 14,332,335  
    Total assets     23,780,285     23,991,791     24,926,474     24,912,524  
    Total deposits     20,227,702     20,318,832     21,332,657     21,511,489  
    Short-term borrowings     250,000     500,000     500,000     500,000  
    Total stockholders’ equity     2,648,034     2,550,312     2,486,066     2,351,009  
                               
    Per Share of Common Stock:                          
    Book value   $ 20.71   $ 19.94   $ 19.48   $ 18.42  
    Tangible book value (non-GAAP)(2)     12.92     12.16     11.68     10.62  
                               
    Asset Quality Ratios:                          
    Non-accrual loans and leases / total loans and leases     0.13 %   0.13 %   0.13 %   0.10 %
    Allowance for credit losses for loans and leases / total loans and leases     1.15 %   1.12 %   1.09 %   1.08 %
                               
    Capital Ratios:                          
    Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio     13.03 %   12.73 %   12.39 %   12.21 %
    Tier 1 Capital Ratio     13.03 %   12.73 %   12.39 %   12.21 %
    Total Capital Ratio     14.25 %   13.92 %   13.57 %   13.38 %
    Tier 1 Leverage Ratio     9.14 %   9.03 %   8.64 %   8.45 %
    Total stockholders’ equity to total assets     11.14 %   10.63 %   9.97 %   9.44 %
    Tangible stockholders’ equity to tangible assets (non-GAAP)(2)     7.25 %   6.76 %   6.23 %   5.67 %
                               
    Non-Financial Data:                          
    Number of branches     48     48     50     50  
    Number of ATMs     273     272     275     294  
    Number of Full-Time Equivalent Employees     2,022     2,032     2,089     2,087  

    (1)   Except for the efficiency ratio, amounts are annualized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 and three months ended June 30, 2024.

    (2)   Return on average tangible assets, return on average tangible stockholders’ equity, tangible book value per share and tangible stockholders’ equity to tangible assets are non-GAAP financial measures. We compute our return on average tangible assets as the ratio of net income to average tangible assets, which is calculated by subtracting (and thereby effectively excluding) amounts related to the effect of goodwill from our average total assets. We compute our return on average tangible stockholders’ equity as the ratio of net income to average tangible stockholders’ equity, which is calculated by subtracting (and thereby effectively excluding) amounts related to the effect of goodwill from our average total stockholders’ equity. We compute our tangible book value per share as the ratio of tangible stockholders’ equity to outstanding shares. Tangible stockholders’ equity is calculated by subtracting (and thereby effectively excluding) amounts related to the effect of goodwill from our total stockholders’ equity. We compute our tangible stockholders’ equity to tangible assets as the ratio of tangible stockholders’ equity to tangible assets, each of which we calculate by subtracting (and thereby effectively excluding) the value of our goodwill. For a reconciliation to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, see Table 14, GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation.

                                   
    Consolidated Statements of Income   Table 2
        For the Three Months Ended   For the Nine Months Ended
        September 30,    June 30,    September 30,    September 30, 
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)   2024   2024   2023   2024   2023
    Interest income                              
    Loans and lease financing   $ 205,682   $ 202,068   $ 194,098   $ 607,594   $ 551,777
    Available-for-sale investment securities     12,850     14,143     18,426     41,539     55,208
    Held-to-maturity investment securities     16,937     17,575     18,271     52,305     55,510
    Other     14,527     11,148     9,004     38,444     20,054
    Total interest income     249,996     244,934     239,799     739,882     682,549
    Interest expense                              
    Deposits     87,500     85,609     74,651     257,252     176,006
    Short-term and long-term borrowings     5,397     5,953     6,838     17,303     20,057
    Other     392     521     1,162     1,342     2,152
    Total interest expense     93,289     92,083     82,651     275,897     198,215
    Net interest income     156,707     152,851     157,148     463,985     484,334
    Provision for credit losses     7,400     1,800     7,500     15,500     21,300
    Net interest income after provision for credit losses     149,307     151,051     149,648     448,485     463,034
    Noninterest income                              
    Service charges on deposit accounts     7,783     7,793     7,524     23,122     22,001
    Credit and debit card fees     17,533     15,861     15,748     49,567     47,507
    Other service charges and fees     11,790     11,036     9,546     32,730     27,764
    Trust and investment services income     9,077     9,426     9,742     28,857     28,804
    Bank-owned life insurance     4,502     3,360     1,872     12,148     10,263
    Other     2,603     4,292     1,665     10,003     6,129
    Total noninterest income     53,288     51,768     46,097     156,427     142,468
    Noninterest expense                              
    Salaries and employee benefits     59,563     57,737     55,937     176,562     169,873
    Contracted services and professional fees     14,634     16,067     16,393     46,440     50,204
    Occupancy     6,945     7,377     6,711     21,263     22,047
    Equipment     13,078     13,196     11,826     39,687     32,562
    Regulatory assessment and fees     3,412     3,814     4,149     15,346     11,661
    Advertising and marketing     1,813     1,765     2,289     6,190     6,174
    Card rewards program     8,678     8,719     8,358     25,905     24,124
    Other     18,024     13,411     13,720     45,653     42,186
    Total noninterest expense     126,147     122,086     119,383     377,046     358,831
    Income before provision for income taxes     76,448     80,733     76,362     227,866     246,671
    Provision for income taxes     14,956     18,812     18,141     50,233     59,190
    Net income   $ 61,492   $ 61,921   $ 58,221   $ 177,633   $ 187,481
    Basic earnings per share   $ 0.48   $ 0.48   $ 0.46   $ 1.39   $ 1.47
    Diluted earnings per share   $ 0.48   $ 0.48   $ 0.46   $ 1.38   $ 1.47
    Basic weighted-average outstanding shares     127,886,167     127,867,853     127,609,860     127,820,737     127,552,255
    Diluted weighted-average outstanding shares     128,504,035     128,262,594     127,936,440     128,362,433     127,897,829
                             
    Consolidated Balance Sheets   Table 3
        September 30,    June 30,    December 31,    September 30, 
    (dollars in thousands, except share amount)   2024   2024   2023   2023
    Assets                        
    Cash and due from banks   $ 252,209     $ 290,501     $ 185,015     $ 246,028  
    Interest-bearing deposits in other banks     820,603       824,258       1,554,882       967,400  
    Investment securities:                        
    Available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost: $2,290,781 as of September 30, 2024, $2,379,004 as of June 30, 2024, $2,558,675 as of December 31, 2023 and $3,172,031 as of September 30, 2023)     2,055,959       2,067,956       2,255,336       2,722,704  
    Held-to-maturity, at amortized cost (fair value: $3,475,143 as of September 30, 2024, $3,401,006 as of June 30, 2024, $3,574,856 as of December 31, 2023 and $3,433,029 as of September 30, 2023)     3,853,697       3,917,175       4,041,449       4,104,114  
    Loans held for sale     —       2,820       190       —  
    Loans and leases     14,241,370       14,359,899       14,353,497       14,332,335  
    Less: allowance for credit losses     163,700       160,517       156,533       154,795  
    Net loans and leases     14,077,670       14,199,382       14,196,964       14,177,540  
                             
    Premises and equipment, net     287,036       283,762       281,461       277,805  
    Accrued interest receivable     81,875       82,512       84,417       84,327  
    Bank-owned life insurance     490,135       486,261       479,907       477,698  
    Goodwill     995,492       995,492       995,492       995,492  
    Mortgage servicing rights     5,236       5,395       5,699       5,855  
    Other assets     860,373       836,277       845,662       853,561  
    Total assets   $ 23,780,285     $ 23,991,791     $ 24,926,474     $ 24,912,524  
    Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity                        
    Deposits:                        
    Interest-bearing   $ 13,427,674     $ 13,461,365     $ 13,749,095     $ 13,612,493  
    Noninterest-bearing     6,800,028       6,857,467       7,583,562       7,898,996  
    Total deposits     20,227,702       20,318,832       21,332,657       21,511,489  
    Short-term borrowings     250,000       500,000       500,000       500,000  
    Retirement benefits payable     100,448       101,304       103,285       99,685  
    Other liabilities     554,101       521,343       504,466       450,341  
    Total liabilities     21,132,251       21,441,479       22,440,408       22,561,515  
                             
    Stockholders’ equity                        
    Common stock ($0.01 par value; authorized 300,000,000 shares; issued/outstanding: 141,735,601 / 127,886,167 shares as of September 30, 2024, issued/outstanding: 141,728,446 / 127,879,012 shares as of June 30, 2024, issued/outstanding: 141,340,539 / 127,618,761 shares as of December 31, 2023 and issued/outstanding: 141,330,663 / 127,609,934 shares as of September 30, 2023)     1,417       1,417       1,413       1,413  
    Additional paid-in capital     2,558,158       2,554,795       2,548,250       2,545,659  
    Retained earnings     915,062       887,176       837,859       823,895  
    Accumulated other comprehensive loss, net     (452,658 )     (519,132 )     (530,210 )     (648,731 )
    Treasury stock (13,849,434 shares as of September 30, 2024, 13,849,434 shares as of June 30, 2024, 13,721,778 shares as of December 31, 2023 and 13,720,729 shares as of September 30, 2023)     (373,945 )     (373,944 )     (371,246 )     (371,227 )
    Total stockholders’ equity     2,648,034       2,550,312       2,486,066       2,351,009  
    Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity   $ 23,780,285     $ 23,991,791     $ 24,926,474     $ 24,912,524  
                                                       
    Average Balances and Interest Rates                                            Table 4
        Three Months Ended   Three Months Ended   Three Months Ended  
        September 30, 2024   June 30, 2024   September 30, 2023  
        Average   Income/   Yield/   Average   Income/   Yield/   Average   Income/   Yield/  
    (dollars in millions)   Balance   Expense   Rate   Balance   Expense   Rate   Balance   Expense   Rate  
    Earning Assets                                                  
    Interest-Bearing Deposits in Other Banks   $ 1,020.4   $ 13.9   5.40 % $ 773.4   $ 10.5   5.45 % $ 608.6   $ 8.2   5.36 %
    Available-for-Sale Investment Securities                                                  
    Taxable     2,062.6     12.8   2.48     2,100.7     14.1   2.69     2,834.6     18.4   2.59  
    Non-Taxable     1.5     —   5.06     1.5     —   5.76     2.3     —   5.48  
    Held-to-Maturity Investment Securities                                                  
    Taxable     3,288.2     13.8   1.67     3,358.2     14.4   1.71     3,544.1     15.0   1.70  
    Non-Taxable     602.3     3.7   2.46     602.9     4.0   2.64     604.3     4.1   2.66  
    Total Investment Securities     5,954.6     30.3   2.03     6,063.3     32.5   2.15     6,985.3     37.5   2.14  
    Loans Held for Sale     2.2     —   5.64     1.0     —   6.58     0.4     —   6.63  
    Loans and Leases(1)                                                  
    Commercial and industrial     2,165.3     38.0   6.98     2,201.6     38.1   6.96     2,123.5     35.7   6.66  
    Commercial real estate     4,278.3     71.6   6.67     4,305.6     71.5   6.68     4,381.8     71.4   6.47  
    Construction     1,040.7     20.3   7.74     984.8     18.5   7.57     873.7     15.5   7.05  
    Residential:                                                  
    Residential mortgage     4,204.5     40.4   3.84     4,229.4     40.1   3.80     4,316.3     40.1   3.72  
    Home equity line     1,158.5     13.2   4.52     1,164.2     12.6   4.35     1,154.0     10.1   3.45  
    Consumer     1,035.3     18.7   7.19     1,054.1     17.7   6.74     1,172.8     18.3   6.19  
    Lease financing     422.2     4.0   3.72     418.3     4.3   4.09     327.3     3.7   4.48  
    Total Loans and Leases     14,304.8     206.2   5.74     14,358.0     202.8   5.67     14,349.4     194.8   5.39  
    Other Earning Assets     46.9     0.7   5.83     52.0     0.7   5.25     116.8     0.8   2.64  
    Total Earning Assets(2)     21,328.9     251.1   4.69     21,247.7     246.5   4.66     22,060.5     241.3   4.35  
    Cash and Due from Banks     242.3               240.4               276.0            
    Other Assets     2,475.5               2,470.8               2,391.4            
    Total Assets   $ 24,046.7             $ 23,958.9             $ 24,727.9            
                                                       
    Interest-Bearing Liabilities                                                  
    Interest-Bearing Deposits                                                  
    Savings   $ 5,963.1   $ 23.6   1.57 % $ 6,000.4   $ 23.4   1.57 % $ 5,982.5   $ 19.2   1.27 %
    Money Market     4,179.5     31.9   3.04     4,076.7     30.6   3.02     3,907.2     24.7   2.51  
    Time     3,327.3     32.0   3.83     3,284.3     31.6   3.87     3,362.7     30.8   3.63  
    Total Interest-Bearing Deposits     13,469.9     87.5   2.58     13,361.4     85.6   2.58     13,252.4     74.7   2.23  
    Other Short-Term Borrowings     451.1     5.4   4.76     500.0     6.0   4.79     113.1     1.5   5.17  
    Long-Term Borrowings     —     —   —     —     —   —     440.2     5.3   4.83  
    Other Interest-Bearing Liabilities     22.4     0.4   6.97     38.2     0.5   5.48     89.1     1.2   5.17  
    Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities     13,943.4     93.3   2.66     13,899.6     92.1   2.66     13,894.8     82.7   2.36  
    Net Interest Income         $ 157.8             $ 154.4             $ 158.6      
    Interest Rate Spread(3)               2.03 %             2.00 %             1.99 %
    Net Interest Margin(4)               2.95 %             2.92 %             2.86 %
    Noninterest-Bearing Demand Deposits     6,897.9               6,946.6               7,959.7            
    Other Liabilities     616.6               600.2               506.0            
    Stockholders’ Equity     2,588.8               2,512.5               2,367.4            
    Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity   $ 24,046.7             $ 23,958.9             $ 24,727.9            

    (1)   Non-performing loans and leases are included in the respective average loan and lease balances. Income, if any, on such loans and leases is recognized on a cash basis.

    (2)   Interest income includes taxable-equivalent basis adjustments of $1.1 million, $1.5 million and $1.5 million for the three months ended September 30, 2024, June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, respectively.

    (3)   Interest rate spread is the difference between the average yield on earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis.

    (4)   Net interest margin is net interest income annualized for the three months ended September 30, 2024, June 30, 2024 and September 30, 2023, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, divided by average total earning assets.

                                       
    Average Balances and Interest Rates                          Table 5
        Nine Months Ended   Nine Months Ended  
        September 30, 2024   September 30, 2023  
        Average   Income/   Yield/   Average   Income/   Yield/  
    (dollars in millions)   Balance   Expense   Rate   Balance   Expense   Rate  
    Earning Assets                                  
    Interest-Bearing Deposits in Other Banks   $ 884.6   $ 35.9   5.43 %   $ 493.6   $ 18.8   5.10 %
    Available-for-Sale Investment Securities                                  
    Taxable     2,124.4     41.5   2.61     2,964.0     54.8   2.47  
    Non-Taxable     1.6     0.1   5.49     13.0     0.5   5.57  
    Held-to-Maturity Investment Securities                                  
    Taxable     3,354.0     42.7   1.70     3,615.0     46.0   1.70  
    Non-Taxable     602.9     11.7   2.58     608.9     11.9   2.62  
    Total Investment Securities     6,082.9     96.0   2.10     7,200.9     113.2   2.10  
    Loans Held for Sale     1.3     0.1   6.11     0.3     —   6.11  
    Loans and Leases(1)                                  
    Commercial and industrial     2,177.2     113.3   6.95     2,193.8     104.3   6.35  
    Commercial real estate     4,302.4     213.4   6.62     4,224.7     194.6   6.16  
    Construction     983.6     56.2   7.63     874.0     45.4   6.95  
    Residential:                                  
    Residential mortgage     4,232.6     122.5   3.86     4,312.4     117.6   3.64  
    Home equity line     1,164.9     37.8   4.34     1,116.4     27.9   3.35  
    Consumer     1,057.6     54.4   6.87     1,194.1     53.2   5.95  
    Lease financing     406.8     11.9   3.90     322.9     10.5   4.34  
    Total Loans and Leases     14,325.1     609.5   5.68     14,238.3     553.5   5.19  
    Other Earning Assets     58.8     2.5   5.69     107.6     1.3   1.53  
    Total Earning Assets(2)     21,352.7     744.0   4.65     22,040.7     686.8   4.16  
    Cash and Due from Banks     242.4               273.3            
    Other Assets     2,469.1               2,385.8            
    Total Assets   $ 24,064.2             $ 24,699.8            
                                       
    Interest-Bearing Liabilities                                  
    Interest-Bearing Deposits                                  
    Savings   $ 6,007.6   $ 70.5   1.57 % $ 6,144.1   $ 49.1   1.07 %
    Money Market     4,067.5     91.3   3.00     3,857.0     58.6   2.03  
    Time     3,312.3     95.5   3.85     2,921.8     68.3   3.12  
    Total Interest-Bearing Deposits     13,387.4     257.3   2.57     12,922.9     176.0   1.82  
    Federal Funds Purchased     —     —   —     23.0     0.8   4.45  
    Other Short-Term Borrowings     483.6     17.3   4.78     176.5     6.8   5.15  
    Long-Term Borrowings     —     —   —     349.8     12.5   4.78  
    Other Interest-Bearing Liabilities     31.1     1.3   5.75     62.1     2.1   4.63  
    Total Interest-Bearing Liabilities     13,902.1     275.9   2.65     13,534.3     198.2   1.96  
    Net Interest Income         $ 468.1             $ 488.6      
    Interest Rate Spread(3)               2.00 %             2.20 %
    Net Interest Margin(4)               2.93 %             2.96 %
    Noninterest-Bearing Demand Deposits     7,028.4               8,322.2            
    Other Liabilities     600.8               506.0            
    Stockholders’ Equity     2,532.9               2,337.3            
    Total Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity   $ 24,064.2             $ 24,699.8            

    (1)   Non-performing loans and leases are included in the respective average loan and lease balances. Income, if any, on such loans and leases is recognized on a cash basis.

    (2)   Interest income includes taxable-equivalent basis adjustments of $4.1 million and $4.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

    (3)   Interest rate spread is the difference between the average yield on earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis.

    (4)   Net interest margin is net interest income annualized for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, divided by average total earning assets.

                       
    Analysis of Change in Net Interest Income                 Table 6
        Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
        Compared to June 30, 2024
    (dollars in millions)   Volume   Rate   Total (1)
    Change in Interest Income:                  
    Interest-Bearing Deposits in Other Banks   $ 3.5     $ (0.1 )   $ 3.4  
    Available-for-Sale Investment Securities                  
    Taxable     (0.2 )     (1.1 )     (1.3 )
    Held-to-Maturity Investment Securities                  
    Taxable     (0.3 )     (0.3 )     (0.6 )
    Non-Taxable     —       (0.3 )     (0.3 )
    Total Investment Securities     (0.5 )     (1.7 )     (2.2 )
    Loans and Leases                  
    Commercial and industrial     (0.3 )     0.2       (0.1 )
    Commercial real estate     —       0.1       0.1  
    Construction     1.3       0.5       1.8  
    Residential:                  
    Residential mortgage     (0.2 )     0.5       0.3  
    Home equity line     —       0.6       0.6  
    Consumer     (0.3 )     1.3       1.0  
    Lease financing     —       (0.3 )     (0.3 )
    Total Loans and Leases     0.5       2.9       3.4  
    Other Earning Assets     (0.1 )     0.1       —  
    Total Change in Interest Income     3.4       1.2       4.6  
                       
    Change in Interest Expense:                  
    Interest-Bearing Deposits                  
    Savings     —       0.2       0.2  
    Money Market     1.0       0.3       1.3  
    Time     0.6       (0.2 )     0.4  
    Total Interest-Bearing Deposits     1.6       0.3       1.9  
    Other Short-Term Borrowings     (0.5 )     (0.1 )     (0.6 )
    Other Interest-Bearing Liabilities     (0.2 )     0.1       (0.1 )
    Total Change in Interest Expense     0.9       0.3       1.2  
    Change in Net Interest Income   $ 2.5     $ 0.9     $ 3.4  

    (1)   The change in interest income and expense not solely due to changes in volume or rate has been allocated on a pro-rata basis to the volume and rate columns.

                       
    Analysis of Change in Net Interest Income                 Table 7
        Three Months Ended September 30, 2024
        Compared to September 30, 2023
    (dollars in millions)   Volume   Rate   Total (1)
    Change in Interest Income:                  
    Interest-Bearing Deposits in Other Banks   $ 5.6     $ 0.1     $ 5.7  
    Available-for-Sale Investment Securities                  
    Taxable     (4.8 )     (0.8 )     (5.6 )
    Held-to-Maturity Investment Securities                  
    Taxable     (1.0 )     (0.2 )     (1.2 )
    Non-Taxable     —       (0.4 )     (0.4 )
    Total Investment Securities     (5.8 )     (1.4 )     (7.2 )
    Loans and Leases                  
    Commercial and industrial     0.7       1.6       2.3  
    Commercial real estate     (1.8 )     2.0       0.2  
    Construction     3.2       1.6       4.8  
    Residential:                  
    Residential mortgage     (1.0 )     1.3       0.3  
    Home equity line     —       3.1       3.1  
    Consumer     (2.3 )     2.7       0.4  
    Lease financing     0.9       (0.6 )     0.3  
    Total Loans and Leases     (0.3 )     11.7       11.4  
    Other Earning Assets     (0.7 )     0.6       (0.1 )
    Total Change in Interest Income     (1.2 )     11.0       9.8  
                       
    Change in Interest Expense:                  
    Interest-Bearing Deposits                  
    Savings     (0.1 )     4.5       4.4  
    Money Market     1.8       5.4       7.2  
    Time     (0.3 )     1.5       1.2  
    Total Interest-Bearing Deposits     1.4       11.4       12.8  
    Other Short-Term Borrowings     4.0       (0.1 )     3.9  
    Long-Term Borrowings     (2.6 )     (2.7 )     (5.3 )
    Other Interest-Bearing Liabilities     (1.1 )     0.3       (0.8 )
    Total Change in Interest Expense     1.7       8.9       10.6  
    Change in Net Interest Income   $ (2.9 )   $ 2.1     $ (0.8 )

    (1)   The change in interest income and expense not solely due to changes in volume or rate has been allocated on a pro-rata basis to the volume and rate columns.

                       
    Analysis of Change in Net Interest Income                 Table 8
        Nine Months Ended September 30, 2024
        Compared to September 30, 2023
    (dollars in millions)   Volume   Rate   Total (1)
    Change in Interest Income:                  
    Interest-Bearing Deposits in Other Banks   $ 15.8     $ 1.3     $ 17.1  
    Available-for-Sale Investment Securities                  
    Taxable     (16.3 )     3.0       (13.3 )
    Non-Taxable     (0.4 )     —       (0.4 )
    Held-to-Maturity Investment Securities                  
    Taxable     (3.3 )     —       (3.3 )
    Non-Taxable     (0.1 )     (0.1 )     (0.2 )
    Total Investment Securities     (20.1 )     2.9       (17.2 )
    Loans Held for Sale     0.1       —       0.1  
    Loans and Leases                  
    Commercial and industrial     (0.8 )     9.8       9.0  
    Commercial real estate     3.7       15.1       18.8  
    Construction     6.1       4.7       10.8  
    Residential:                  
    Residential mortgage     (2.2 )     7.1       4.9  
    Home equity line     1.3       8.6       9.9  
    Consumer     (6.5 )     7.7       1.2  
    Lease financing     2.5       (1.1 )     1.4  
    Total Loans and Leases     4.1       51.9       56.0  
    Other Earning Assets     (0.8 )     2.0       1.2  
    Total Change in Interest Income     (0.9 )     58.1       57.2  
                       
    Change in Interest Expense:                  
    Interest-Bearing Deposits                  
    Savings     (1.1 )     22.5       21.4  
    Money Market     3.4       29.3       32.7  
    Time     9.9       17.3       27.2  
    Total Interest-Bearing Deposits     12.2       69.1       81.3  
    Federal Funds Purchased     (0.4 )     (0.4 )     (0.8 )
    Other Short-Term Borrowings     11.0       (0.5 )     10.5  
    Long-Term Borrowings     (6.3 )     (6.2 )     (12.5 )
    Other Interest-Bearing Liabilities     (1.2 )     0.4       (0.8 )
    Total Change in Interest Expense     15.3       62.4       77.7  
    Change in Net Interest Income   $ (16.2 )   $ (4.3 )   $ (20.5 )

    (1)   The change in interest income and expense not solely due to changes in volume or rate has been allocated on a pro-rata basis to the volume and rate columns.

                             
    Loans and Leases                       Table 9
        September 30,   June 30,   December 31,   September 30,
    (dollars in thousands)   2024   2024   2023   2023
    Commercial and industrial   $ 2,110,077   $ 2,208,690   $ 2,165,349   $ 2,101,442
    Commercial real estate     4,265,289     4,305,017     4,340,243     4,387,751
    Construction     1,056,249     1,017,649     900,292     885,112
    Residential:                        
    Residential mortgage     4,187,060     4,216,416     4,283,315     4,303,924
    Home equity line     1,159,823     1,159,833     1,174,588     1,167,388
    Total residential     5,346,883     5,376,249     5,457,903     5,471,312
    Consumer     1,030,044     1,027,104     1,109,901     1,154,203
    Lease financing     432,828     425,190     379,809     332,515
    Total loans and leases   $ 14,241,370   $ 14,359,899   $ 14,353,497   $ 14,332,335
                             
    Deposits                       Table 10
        September 30,    June 30,    December 31,    September 30, 
    (dollars in thousands)   2024   2024   2023   2023
    Demand   $ 6,800,028   $ 6,857,467   $ 7,583,562   $ 7,898,996
    Savings     5,896,029     6,055,051     6,445,084     6,028,308
    Money Market     4,129,381     4,111,609     3,847,853     3,923,054
    Time     3,402,264     3,294,705     3,456,158     3,661,131
    Total Deposits   $ 20,227,702   $ 20,318,832   $ 21,332,657   $ 21,511,489
                             
    Non-Performing Assets and Accruing Loans and Leases Past Due 90 Days or More              Table 11
        September 30,   June 30,   December 31,   September 30,
    (dollars in thousands)   2024   2024   2023   2023
    Non-Performing Assets                        
    Non-Accrual Loans and Leases                        
    Commercial Loans:                        
    Commercial and industrial   $ 934   $ 1,084   $ 970   $ 988
    Commercial real estate     152     3,085     2,953     —
    Construction     —     447     —     —
    Total Commercial Loans     1,086     4,616     3,923     988
    Residential Loans:                        
    Residential mortgage     9,103     7,273     7,620     7,435
    Home equity line     7,645     6,124     7,052     6,200
    Total Residential Loans     16,748     13,397     14,672     13,635
    Total Non-Accrual Loans and Leases     17,834     18,013     18,595     14,623
    Total Non-Performing Assets   $ 17,834   $ 18,013   $ 18,595   $ 14,623
                             
    Accruing Loans and Leases Past Due 90 Days or More                        
    Commercial Loans:                        
    Commercial and industrial   $ 529   $ 110   $ 494   $ 289
    Commercial real estate     568     —     300     170
    Total Commercial Loans     1,097     110     794     459
    Residential mortgage     931     1,820     —     1,430
    Consumer     2,515     1,835     2,702     1,681
    Total Accruing Loans and Leases Past Due 90 Days or More   $ 4,543   $ 3,765   $ 3,496   $ 3,570
                             
    Total Loans and Leases   $ 14,241,370   $ 14,359,899   $ 14,353,497   $ 14,332,335
                                     
    Allowance for Credit Losses and Reserve for Unfunded Commitments
          Table 12
        For the Three Months Ended   For the Nine Months Ended  
        September 30,    June 30,   September 30,   September 30,   September 30,   
    (dollars in thousands)   2024   2024   2023   2024   2023  
    Balance at Beginning of Period   $ 193,930     $ 194,649     $ 184,780     $ 192,138     $ 177,735    
    Loans and Leases Charged-Off                                
    Commercial Loans:                                
    Commercial and industrial     (1,178 )     (677 )     (784 )     (2,764 )     (2,572 )  
    Commercial real estate     (400 )     —       —       (400 )     —    
    Total Commercial Loans     (1,578 )     (677 )     (784 )     (3,164 )     (2,572 )  
    Residential Loans:                                
    Residential mortgage     —       —       —       —       (122 )  
    Home equity line     —       —       —       —       (272 )  
    Total Residential Loans     —       —       —       —       (394 )  
    Consumer     (4,192 )     (4,182 )     (3,665 )     (13,228 )     (12,963 )  
    Total Loans and Leases Charged-Off     (5,770 )     (4,859 )     (4,449 )     (16,392 )     (15,929 )  
    Recoveries on Loans and Leases Previously Charged-Off                                
    Commercial and industrial     160       250       2,637       621       3,175    
    Residential Loans:                                
    Residential mortgage     31       28       53       89       110    
    Home equity line     86       112       303       242       539    
    Total Residential Loans     117       140       356       331       649    
    Consumer     1,560       1,950       1,746       5,199       5,640    
    Total Recoveries on Loans and Leases Previously Charged-Off     1,837       2,340       4,739       6,151       9,464    
    Net Loans and Leases (Charged-Off) Recovered     (3,933 )     (2,519 )     290       (10,241 )     (6,465 )  
    Provision for Credit Losses     7,400       1,800       7,500       15,500       21,300    
    Balance at End of Period   $ 197,397     $ 193,930     $ 192,570     $ 197,397     $ 192,570    
    Components:                                
    Allowance for Credit Losses   $ 163,700     $ 160,517     $ 154,795     $ 163,700     $ 154,795    
    Reserve for Unfunded Commitments     33,697       33,413       37,775       33,697       37,775    
    Total Allowance for Credit Losses and Reserve for Unfunded Commitments   $ 197,397     $ 193,930     $ 192,570     $ 197,397     $ 192,570    
    Average Loans and Leases Outstanding   $ 14,304,806     $ 14,358,049     $ 14,349,402     $ 14,325,065     $ 14,238,309    
    Ratio of Net Loans and Leases Charged-Off (Recovered) to Average Loans and Leases Outstanding(1)     0.11   %   0.07   %   (0.01 ) %   0.10   %   0.06   %
    Ratio of Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans and Leases to Loans and Leases Outstanding     1.15   %   1.12   %   1.08   %   1.15   %   1.08   %
    Ratio of Allowance for Credit Losses for Loans and Leases to Non-accrual Loans and Leases     9.18x     8.91x     10.59x     9.18x     10.59x  

    (1)   Annualized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 and three months ended June 30, 2024.

                                                           
    Loans and Leases by Year of Origination and Credit Quality Indicator     Table 13
                                                  Revolving      
                                                  Loans      
                                                  Converted      
        Term Loans   Revolving   to Term      
        Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year   Loans   Loans      
                                            Amortized   Amortized      
    (dollars in thousands)   2024   2023   2022   2021   2020   Prior   Cost Basis   Cost Basis   Total
    Commercial Lending                                                      
    Commercial and Industrial                                                      
    Risk rating:                                                      
    Pass   $ 100,174   $ 82,175   $ 191,861   $ 256,997   $ 20,866   $ 266,720   $ 1,026,457   $ 13,396   $ 1,958,646
    Special Mention     303     1     7,327     48     398     1,371     18,239     —     27,687
    Substandard     —     —     8,251     219     358     2,033     32,296     —     43,157
    Other (1)     10,797     10,542     7,779     3,074     1,052     1,723     45,620     —     80,587
    Total Commercial and Industrial     111,274     92,718     215,218     260,338     22,674     271,847     1,122,612     13,396     2,110,077
    Current period gross charge-offs     —     578     333     89     221     1,543     —     —     2,764
                                                           
    Commercial Real Estate                                                      
    Risk rating:                                                      
    Pass     118,884     347,480     810,746     649,133     325,887     1,774,529     87,188     7,760     4,121,607
    Special Mention     3,587     2,261     7,537     41,384     3,306     11,973     7,815     —     77,863
    Substandard     —     —     54,984     1,003     —     9,548     149     —     65,684
    Other (1)     —     —     —     —     —     135     —     —     135
    Total Commercial Real Estate     122,471     349,741     873,267     691,520     329,193     1,796,185     95,152     7,760     4,265,289
    Current period gross charge-offs     —     —     —     —     —     400     —     —     400
                                                           
    Construction                                                      
    Risk rating:                                                      
    Pass     61,677     246,176     361,974     241,212     58,820     46,344     4,484     —     1,020,687
    Special Mention     —     —     —     —     —     164     —     —     164
    Other (1)     4,970     9,468     12,022     3,575     1,199     3,463     701     —     35,398
    Total Construction     66,647     255,644     373,996     244,787     60,019     49,971     5,185     —     1,056,249
    Current period gross charge-offs     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —
                                                           
    Lease Financing                                                      
    Risk rating:                                                      
    Pass     126,380     105,523     66,764     15,483     23,133     89,254     —     —     426,537
    Special Mention     —     42     100     300     5     —     —     —     447
    Substandard     4,899     602     343     —     —     —     —     —     5,844
    Total Lease Financing     131,279     106,167     67,207     15,783     23,138     89,254     —     —     432,828
    Current period gross charge-offs     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —
                                                           
    Total Commercial Lending   $ 431,671   $ 804,270   $ 1,529,688   $ 1,212,428   $ 435,024   $ 2,207,257   $ 1,222,949   $ 21,156   $ 7,864,443
    Current period gross charge-offs   $ —   $ 578   $ 333   $ 89   $ 221   $ 1,943   $ —   $ —   $ 3,164
                                                           
                                                  Revolving      
                                                  Loans      
                                                  Converted      
        Term Loans   Revolving   to Term      
        Amortized Cost Basis by Origination Year   Loans   Loans      
    (continued)                                       Amortized   Amortized      
    (dollars in thousands)   2024   2023   2022   2021   2020   Prior   Cost Basis   Cost Basis   Total
    Residential Lending                                                      
    Residential Mortgage                                                      
    FICO:                                                      
    740 and greater   $ 113,307   $ 206,224   $ 504,141   $ 956,983   $ 503,160   $ 1,129,857   $ —   $ —   $ 3,413,672
    680 – 739     11,614     28,638     65,128     109,018     66,719     157,263     —     —     438,380
    620 – 679     1,519     1,792     22,921     19,854     11,651     37,979     —     —     95,716
    550 – 619     —     896     3,703     6,707     2,269     15,751     —     —     29,326
    Less than 550     —     286     2,380     3,818     2,959     5,569     —     —     15,012
    No Score (3)     543     7,117     16,923     10,512     5,553     52,526     —     —     93,174
    Other (2)     8,148     12,786     16,721     14,776     11,222     30,022     8,105     —     101,780
    Total Residential Mortgage     135,131     257,739     631,917     1,121,668     603,533     1,428,967     8,105     —     4,187,060
    Current period gross charge-offs     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —
                                                           
    Home Equity Line                                                      
    FICO:                                                      
    740 and greater     —     —     —     —     —     —     930,909     1,730     932,639
    680 – 739     —     —     —     —     —     —     167,097     1,137     168,234
    620 – 679     —     —     —     —     —     —     36,540     985     37,525
    550 – 619     —     —     —     —     —     —     14,514     581     15,095
    Less than 550     —     —     —     —     —     —     4,477     571     5,048
    No Score (3)     —     —     —     —     —     —     1,282     —     1,282
    Total Home Equity Line     —     —     —     —     —     —     1,154,819     5,004     1,159,823
    Current period gross charge-offs     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —     —
                                                           
    Total Residential Lending   $ 135,131   $ 257,739   $ 631,917   $ 1,121,668   $ 603,533   $ 1,428,967   $ 1,162,924   $ 5,004   $ 5,346,883
    Current period gross charge-offs   $ —   $ —   $ —   $ —   $ —   $ —   $ —   $ —   $ —
                                                           
    Consumer Lending                                                      
    FICO:                                                      
    740 and greater     71,777     71,423     94,710     51,952     18,512     10,435     121,278     128     440,215
    680 – 739     51,651     51,667     49,864     23,959     9,995     7,497     77,278     525     272,436
    620 – 679     21,223     20,604     21,700     12,515     5,155     5,577     35,665     851     123,290
    550 – 619     4,116     7,348     9,802     5,983     2,862     3,862     12,674     825     47,472
    Less than 550     1,071     3,266     6,247     3,999     1,783     2,492     4,836     525     24,219
    No Score (3)     2,291     117     47     —     7     8     42,658     205     45,333
    Other (2)     —     —     296     911     101     981     74,790     —     77,079
    Total Consumer Lending   $ 152,129   $ 154,425   $ 182,666   $ 99,319   $ 38,415   $ 30,852   $ 369,179   $ 3,059   $ 1,030,044
    Current period gross charge-offs   $ 385   $ 1,403   $ 2,107   $ 1,085   $ 518   $ 2,234   $ 4,952   $ 544   $ 13,228
                                                           
    Total Loans and Leases   $ 718,931   $ 1,216,434   $ 2,344,271   $ 2,433,415   $ 1,076,972   $ 3,667,076   $ 2,755,052   $ 29,219   $ 14,241,370
    Current period gross charge-offs   $ 385   $ 1,981   $ 2,440   $ 1,174   $ 739   $ 4,177   $ 4,952   $ 544   $ 16,392

    (1)   Other credit quality indicators used for monitoring purposes are primarily FICO scores. The majority of the loans in this population were originated to borrowers with a prime FICO score. As of September 30, 2024, the majority of the loans in this population were current.

    (2)   Other credit quality indicators used for monitoring purposes are primarily internal risk ratings. The majority of the loans in this population were graded with a “Pass” rating. As of September 30, 2024, the majority of the loans in this population were current.

    (3)   No FICO scores are primarily related to loans and leases extended to non-residents. Loans and leases of this nature are primarily secured by collateral and/or are closely monitored for performance.

                                     
    GAAP to Non-GAAP Reconciliation   Table 14
        For the Three Months Ended   For the Nine Months Ended  
        September 30,   June 30,   September 30,   September 30,  
    (dollars in thousands)   2024   2024   2023   2024   2023  
    Income Statement Data:                                
    Net income   $ 61,492   $ 61,921   $ 58,221   $ 177,633   $ 187,481  
                                     
    Average total stockholders’ equity   $ 2,588,806   $ 2,512,471   $ 2,367,422   $ 2,532,911   $ 2,337,292  
    Less: average goodwill     995,492     995,492     995,492     995,492     995,492  
    Average tangible stockholders’ equity   $ 1,593,314   $ 1,516,979   $ 1,371,930   $ 1,537,419   $ 1,341,800  
                                     
    Average total assets   $ 24,046,696   $ 23,958,913   $ 24,727,893   $ 24,064,208   $ 24,699,826  
    Less: average goodwill     995,492     995,492     995,492     995,492     995,492  
    Average tangible assets   $ 23,051,204   $ 22,963,421   $ 23,732,401   $ 23,068,716   $ 23,704,334  
                                     
    Return on average total stockholders’ equity(1)     9.45 %   9.91 %   9.76 %   9.37 %   10.72 %
    Return on average tangible stockholders’ equity (non-GAAP)(1)     15.35 %   16.42 %   16.84 %   15.43 %   18.68 %
                                     
    Return on average total assets(1)     1.02 %   1.04 %   0.93 %   0.99 %   1.01 %
    Return on average tangible assets (non-GAAP)(1)     1.06 %   1.08 %   0.97 %   1.03 %   1.06 %
                               
                         
        As of   As of   As of   As of  
        September 30,   June 30,   December 31,   September 30,  
    (dollars in thousands, except per share amounts)   2024   2024   2023   2023  
    Balance Sheet Data:                          
    Total stockholders’ equity   $ 2,648,034   $ 2,550,312   $ 2,486,066   $ 2,351,009  
    Less: goodwill     995,492     995,492     995,492     995,492  
    Tangible stockholders’ equity   $ 1,652,542   $ 1,554,820   $ 1,490,574   $ 1,355,517  
                               
    Total assets   $ 23,780,285   $ 23,991,791   $ 24,926,474   $ 24,912,524  
    Less: goodwill     995,492     995,492     995,492     995,492  
    Tangible assets   $ 22,784,793   $ 22,996,299   $ 23,930,982   $ 23,917,032  
                               
    Shares outstanding     127,886,167     127,879,012     127,618,761     127,609,934  
                               
    Total stockholders’ equity to total assets     11.14 %   10.63 %   9.97 %   9.44 %
    Tangible stockholders’ equity to tangible assets (non-GAAP)     7.25 %   6.76 %   6.23 %   5.67 %
                               
    Book value per share   $ 20.71   $ 19.94   $ 19.48   $ 18.42  
    Tangible book value per share (non-GAAP)   $ 12.92   $ 12.16   $ 11.68   $ 10.62  

    (1)   Annualized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023 and three months ended June 30, 2024.

    The MIL Network –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI: Oxford Lane Capital Corp. Schedules Second Fiscal Quarter Earnings Release and Conference Call for November 1, 2024

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    GREENWICH, Conn., Oct. 25, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Oxford Lane Capital Corp. (Nasdaq: OXLC) (NasdaqGS: OXLCP) (NasdaqGS: OXLCL) (NasdaqGS: OXLCO) (NasdaqGS: OXLCZ) (NasdaqGS: OXLCN) (NasdaqGS: OXLCI) announced today that it will hold a conference call to discuss its second fiscal quarter earnings on Friday, November 1, 2024 at 9:00 AM ET. The toll-free dial-in number is 1-833-470-1428, access code number 436588. There will be a recorded replay of the call available for 30 days after the call. If you are interested in hearing the recording, please dial 1-866-813-9403. The replay pass-code number is 813197.

    About Oxford Lane Capital Corp.

    Oxford Lane Capital Corp. is a publicly-traded registered closed-end management investment company principally investing in debt and equity tranches of collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) vehicles. CLO investments may also include warehouse facilities, which are financing structures intended to aggregate loans that may be used to form the basis of a CLO vehicle.

    Contact:
    Bruce Rubin
    203-983-5280

    The MIL Network –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Economics: Inaugural ESG Forum Wraps Up in Abidjan with Stakeholders Uniting around Vision for an Africa ESG Hub

    Source: African Development Bank Group

    (From left) Olumide Lala, Executive Director, Climate Transition Limited with Natenin Coulibaly, General Manager Corporate Services, MTN; Armande Laetitia Ohouo-Lath, Director of Sustainable Development, SIFCA; Rachael Antwi, Group Sustainability and Environmental Risk, ECOBANK and Azeez Alayande, ESG Manager, ENGIE Nigeria during a session on Challenges and Opportunities in ESG Reporting in Africa at the Africa ESG Forum

    Two days of intensive discussions on building a sustainable finance ecosystem for Africa ended in Abidjan on Tuesday with stakeholders from government and the private sector expressing strong support for an Africa-focused Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Data Hub.

    The inaugural Africa ESG Forum, held at the Sofitel Hotel in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, was organised by the African Development Bank, the Multilateral Cooperation Centre for Development Finance, and Making Finance Work for Africa. It featured discussions on ESG reporting challenges and investor expectations, and concluded with the inaugural meeting of the ESG working group.

    Representatives of various participating institutions shared their ESG implementation experiences. Moubarak Moukaila of the West African Development Bank highlighted the Bank’s progress in sustainable project development. “We created, at the beginning of this year, a unit that supports project development. We have developed, within six months, three projects with GEM and two projects with Green Climate Fund.”

    Ahlem Kefi, Impact & Sustainability Officer at AfricInvest, outlined the firm’s comprehensive approach to sustainability assessments. “We start looking at the ESG risks and the ESG data from the first screening phase,” she said. “We don’t call this ESG due diligence, we call it impact and sustainability due diligence.”

    Mostafa Hawas of the Egyptian Stock Exchange offered practical insights into implementing ESG reporting requirements. He outlined how they began with “a very, very simple survey” distributed to listed companies, and emphasized the importance of gradual implementation to build awareness, before introducing more detailed requirements.

    Kuhle Sojola, ESG Engagement Specialist at Sanlam Investments, addressed the critical issue of greenwashing – the misleading use of advertising and marketing to falsely portray an organization’s products, goals, or policies as being environmentally friendly – in corporate reporting. “We use engagement as a tool to mitigate or reduce the risk of greenwashing,” she said, adding that, when a company’s reported metrics differ significantly from those of their peer group, “that is usually an indication that there could be a level of greenwashing there.”

    Participants at the Forum envisioned the proposed African ESG Hub as a unifying vehicle for sustainability issues in Africa, enhancing awareness among local entities and international investors. In preparation for its establishment, they acknowledged that with 80 percent of African companies being SMEs, engaging the sector would be critical in advancing ESG reporting and sustainable finance across the continent. In addition, they outlined plans for the proposed Hub, including ensuring that it provides a credible platform for training and technical assistance, and for sharing best practices and case studies.

    MIL OSI Economics –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI China: Industrial coordination of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region bears fruit in 10 years

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    TIANJIN, Oct. 25 — Industrial coordination of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has yielded rich results with the rise of a number of world-class manufacturing clusters, 10 years after China designated it as a national strategy to foster the regional coordinated development.

    This is underlined in a report on the region’s coordinated development released on Friday at the 2024 Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Industrial Chain and Supply Chain Conference held in north China’s Tianjin Municipality.

    The industrial added value of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region increased from 1.7 trillion yuan (about 238 billion U.S. dollars) in 2013 to 2.43 trillion yuan in 2023, with a cumulative growth of 43 percent, according to the report.

    The industrial coordination has become a key support for the collaborative development of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, said Yang Dongmei, deputy director of the Tianjin Industrial and Information Technology Bureau.

    In the first half of this year, the total profit of major industrial enterprises in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region reached a record high of 231 billion yuan, up 10.2 percent year on year.

    The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, with a number of first-rate colleges and universities and abundant high-end research talent, has a solid foundation for developing China’s strategic emerging industries such as integrated circuits, cybersecurity, biomedicine, power equipment, and emergency response equipment.

    According to the report, the output value of two manufacturing clusters in the region — life and health, and power and new energy high-end equipment — have accounted for more than 20 percent of the national total in the respective sectors. The industrial scale of the new generation of information technology application innovation and network security in the region has exceeded half of the national total.

    To further optimize regional industrial division and productivity distribution, the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has laid out six key industrial chains, namely hydrogen energy, new energy and intelligent connected vehicles, biomedicine, cybersecurity and industrial Internet, robots and high-end industrial mother-machines, which refer to machine tools for manufacturing machines.

    “The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region boasts strong international influence, which gives it an advantage to be more closely integrated into the global economic network,” said Yin Jihui, director of the Tianjin Industrial and Information Technology Bureau.

    The gross domestic product of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, one of the country’s most economically vibrant regions, reached 10.4 trillion yuan in 2023, almost doubling that of 2013, with an average annual growth rate of 5.8 percent.

    MIL OSI China News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: UK to chair global Earth observation group with bold ambitions for data uptake 

    Source: United Kingdom – Executive Government & Departments

    The UK has assumed the Chair of the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites.

    Credit: ESA/ATG Medialab

    • UK Space Agency Chief Executive Dr Paul Bate has assumed the Chair of the Committee on Earth Observation Satellites (CEOS), the international body responsible for coordinating observations of the Earth from space. 

    • The UK’s priority will be to unlock the power of Earth observation from space to benefit society, from improving public services to inspiring the next generation with a Youth Summit in Bath in November 2025. 

    As CEOS celebrates its 40th anniversary at the annual CEOS Plenary in Montreal, the CEOS Community of space and meteorological agencies and other groups has also renewed its collective commitment to CEOS’ mission and efforts in responding to global challenges for the good of humanity, with the agreement of the Montreal Statement. 

    Satellite Earth observation data can deliver significant public benefits in areas ranging from climate and biodiversity monitoring, disaster management, clean energy and urban planning. 

    The UK is involved in a range of Earth observation missions that contribute to global capabilities. These include leadership of the European Space Agency’s TRUTHS mission, which will improve confidence in climate forecasts; Biomass, which will monitor the world’s forests; Microcarb, a ground-breaking French-UK satellite mission for carbon monitoring; and the various Sentinel missions of the European Copernicus programme with its associated user-facing Services.  As well as these missions, the UK are experts in the use of the data for applications ranging from cutting edge science, operational services, new commercial and public sector services.

    Handover of CEOS Chair with (L) Eric Laliberté, Director General, Space Utilization, Canadian Space Agency and outgoing CEOS Chair, and (R) UK Space Agency CEO Dr Paul Bate.

    The UK Space Agency’s role as CEOS Chair will be to oversee the activities of CEOS and ensure it is achieving the objectives of its work plan. The UK Space Agency has proposed four priorities to champion data-driven solutions for major global challenges over the 12-month period as Chair, within the theme of ‘Unlocking Earth Observation for Society’: 

    1. Using Earth observation to improve public services. 

    2. Increasing use of space data in the Global Stocktakes of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). 

    3. Supporting development of Methane emissions measurement best-practices. 

    4. Inspiring the next generation through a new ‘CEOS in Schools’ initiative. 

    As Chair, an early task will be to represent CEOS on the global stage and promote its goals and objectives, starting at next month’s COP-29 in Baku, Azerbaijan, and continuing throughout 2025.  

    Dr Paul Bate, CEO of the UK Space Agency, said: 

    For 40 years, CEOS has been uniting the global community to champion the transformative potential of satellites and Earth Observation.   

    I’m proud to be chairing this globally-valued committee and will use the next year to demonstrate how, by working together across borders, we can harness space technology for the benefit of our societies, our shared environment, and our economies.

    Unlocking EO for Public Service

    The UK will create opportunities for CEOS’ agencies to share their national perspectives and explore how to bridge the gap between data and public sector services, including hosting a workshop in September 2025 ahead of the UK’s CEOS Plenary 2025, in Bath, Somerset in November.  This supports work to get Earth observation tools and information embedded it on UK public sector policies at the national and local scale.  

    Éric Laliberté, CEOS Chair 2024 on behalf of the Canadian Space Agency said: 

    We congratulate the UK Space Agency on assuming the chairmanship role and are committed to ensuring that data-driven decisions pave the way for increasingly sustainable practices. 

    Together, we are advancing the role of satellite Earth observation in creating sustainable solutions for the future of our societies and natural environments.

    Unlocking EO for the Global Stocktake 

    The Global Stocktake of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) is a process for evaluating progress on climate action at a global level and identifying gaps. Over the next 12 months, the UK will work closely with Japanese Space Agency, JAXA, and the CEOS working group on Climate to study lessons learned from the previous Global Stocktake. The aim is to refine CEOS strategies to enhance the use of Earth observation data in the next Global stock-take for global climate action.   

    Professor John Remedios, NCEO Director, said:   

    The National Centre for Earth Observation is very pleased to see the UK taking on leadership on the world stage. The UK is able to contribute world-leading capability and methods in Earth Observation to the global community.  

    Through this role in CEOS, the UK will be able to support the important collaborative efforts that agencies need to achieve to meet the challenges of climate and of resilience with commitment, rigour and Earth intelligence. We are delighted to be supporting the UK Space Agency in its delegation with scientific advice and connectivity to the leading research in environmental science. 

    Methane Best-Practices 

    Methane is a potent greenhouse gas, with a warming potential approximately ~80 times higher than carbon dioxide over 20 years. Reducing methane emissions is the quickest way to mitigate acute climate risks and is crucial for maintaining the 1.5-degree target. At COP26 in Glasgow, 158 countries committed to reduce global methane emissions by 30% by 2030.  

    The CEOS Greenhouse Gas Task Team is developing best practices for space-based methane measurements, which are crucial for addressing climate change. 

    This work, which is co-led by the UK’s National Physical Laboratory (NPL) and the NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory, is developing a set of agreed accurate, transparent and trusted best practices for reporting Methane emissions at the facility scale. The UK Space Agency will promote the uptake of these best practices on a global scale, focusing on the Global Methane Pledge to unlock the potential of space-based solutions and support the UK’s commitment to reduce methane emissions. 

    Ally Barker, Vice-chair of the UKspace Trade Association’s EO Committee said: 

    This is an opportune time for the UK to demonstrate its leadership in Earth observation on the global stage.  UK industry looks forward to working closely with the UK Space Agency as it takes on the Chair of CEOS to maximise the societal and economic benefits of EO for the UK and the world.

    CEOS in Schools 

    The UK Space Agency is set to pilot a CEOS mechanism aimed at inspiring the next generation. This initiative will demonstrate to students, aged 14-16, how satellite Earth Observation is used to address global issues such as climate change, environmental protection, and disaster management, while also allowing those students to experience the power of international collaboration. 

    The programme will put experts into schools to bring the topics of climate and space to life and then bring students together from across the world for online workshops to discuss the topics with their peers. The programme will culminate in the first CEOS Youth Summit where students will have the opportunity to present and discuss their work with senior Earth observation experts, giving young people a voice in CEOS. 

    Met Office Services Director Simon Brown said: 

    It’s an exciting time for the UK to take up this prestigious role in CEOS. Earth observations are at the heart of us delivering world leading weather and climate services and we are proud of the observations we get through the collaboration of European member states at EUMETSAT and underpinned by national and ESA Missions.  

    Access to Earth observations is changing and I look forward to working closely with UK Space Agency team to grow, influence and be part of the changing space endeavour to advance Earth observations to protect us from weather extremes.

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    Published 25 October 2024

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: The first 150 kW fast charging stations have been installed in Moscow

    Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

    Source: Moscow Transport

    As part of the Energy of Moscow project, the first powerful 150 kW fast charging stations have been installed in Moscow. Charging an electric car at these stations takes an average of 30 minutes.

    According to Deputy Mayor of Moscow for Transport and Industry Maxim Liksutov, almost 250 charging stations operate in the capital as part of the Energy of Moscow project. Two new stations with a capacity of 150 kW are located at the following addresses: Denezhny Pereulok, 8-10 and Vozdvizhenka Street, 10.

    We have installed the first 150 kW charging stations, the charging time of which is about 30 minutes. By 2030, the number of charging stations in Moscow will increase to 30,000. We will also install taxi and car sharing hubs with the ability to simultaneously charge 10-15 cars. We thank all our operators for their work, which allows us to develop a network of charging stations in the city. We strive to make the capital one of the world leaders in the use of electric transport. This task was set by Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin, – added Maxim Liksutov.

    The new stations have the ability to charge 2 cars simultaneously and are equipped with GB/T and CCS Combo 2 connectors for the most popular models of electric cars.

    Using the Moscow Transport app, you can find a free station, plot a route to it, and book a charging session.

    As part of the Energy of Moscow project, about 250 free electric vehicle charging stations (FEVCS) have been installed in the capital. Electric vehicle owners are exempt from paying transport tax and can park for free throughout the city.

    Since the launch of the first Energy of Moscow charging station in March 2021, electric vehicle owners have completed more than 640,000 charging sessions. All stations are located in places where city residents spend the most time – near shopping and business centers, parks, residential buildings, cafes and shops.

    According to plans, by 2030, 30,000 EVS will appear in the capital, and the number of electric vehicles in Moscow will increase to 320,000 – 7% of the total number of cars. In addition, hubs for taxis and car sharing will be installed with the ability to simultaneously charge 10-15 cars.

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Asia-Pac: Hong Kong Customs seizes suspected methamphetamine worth about $2.2 million at airport (with photo)

    Source: Hong Kong Government special administrative region

         â€‹Hong Kong Customs yesterday (October 24) detected a drug trafficking case involving baggage concealment at Hong Kong International Airport and seized about 4 kilograms of suspected methamphetamine with an estimated market value of about $2.2 million.

         A 29-year-old female passenger arrived in Hong Kong from Penang, Malaysia, yesterday. During Customs clearance, the batch of suspected methamphetamine was found concealed in the false compartment of her check-in suitcase. The female was subsequently arrested.

         An investigation is ongoing.

         Following the resumption of normal travel and exchanges with the Mainland and other parts of the world, the number of visitors to Hong Kong has also been increasing steadily. Customs will continue to apply a risk assessment approach and focus on selecting passengers from high-risk regions for clearance to combat transnational drug trafficking activities.

         Under the Dangerous Drugs Ordinance, trafficking in a dangerous drug is a serious offence. The maximum penalty upon conviction is a fine of $5 million and life imprisonment.

         Members of the public may report any suspected drug trafficking activities to Customs’ 24-hour hotline 182 8080 or its dedicated crime-reporting email account (crimereport@customs.gov.hk) or online form (eform.cefs.gov.hk/form/ced002).   

    MIL OSI Asia Pacific News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Funding secured for brownfield sites

    Source: City of Plymouth

    Two empty public buildings are set to make way for much-needed housing.

    The buildings at the former DELL Children’s Centre and at Douglass House , both in Efford, are no longer in use and will be demolished early next year.

    It comes after the Council were successful in securing £540,000 from the government’s Brownfield Land Release Fund, which helps local authorities support the delivery of housing.

    The redevelopment of sites like these is a key pillar of the Council’s Plan for Homes, a strategy that tackles the ongoing housing crisis by supporting the delivery of new and affordable housing.

    Cabinet Member for Housing, Cooperative Development and Communities Cllr Chris Penberthy said “I’m really pleased that we have been successful in obtaining these funds to assist the redevelopment of brownfield sites.

    “The simple truth is that this city needs more homes and it needs them quickly.

    “Brownfield sites like these enable us to make best use of land that has been previously developed and deliver housing where infrastructure like schools and transport links already exist.”

    The Council will now work to agree business cases for these projects and allocate £540,000 into the Capital Programme.

    Once the sites have been cleared, the Council will enter into discussion with local housing partners and consult with local residents about future developments.

    MIL OSI United Kingdom –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Russia: Polytechnic at the autumn educational exhibition in Hanoi “Russian Universities – the Best Choice”

    Translation. Region: Russian Federation –

    Source: Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University – Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University –

    Polytechnic University took part in an educational exhibition in Vietnam, which was held in Hanoi from October 21 to 25. The event was organized by the representative office of Rossotrudnichestvo in Hanoi as part of the long-term project “Universities of Russia” to popularize Russian education. Polytechnic University was represented by Deputy Head of the International Education Department Tatyana Sytnikova and specialist of the Department for Work with Foreign Students Ekaterina Pirkovska.

    The opening ceremony was attended by the Director of the Russian Center for Science and Culture in Hanoi Vladimir Murashkin, Counselor of the Russian Embassy in Vietnam, representative of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation Evgeny Mitrofanov, as well as representatives of 11 leading Russian educational institutions.

    Exhibitions help talented Vietnamese people to better navigate the educational space of Russia, and Russian universities to prepare for a meeting with Vietnamese students. The project “Universities of Russia” is actively expanding the partner network of Russian universities in Vietnam, which contributes to the development of scientific and educational cooperation between our countries, – emphasized Vladimir Murashkin.

    Representative of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation Evgeny Mitrofanov emphasized the importance of Russian higher education for Vietnamese students. He noted that studying in Russia opens up new horizons and opportunities, and also highlighted the possibility of receiving free education through scholarships from the Russian government.

    After the official part, more than 200 Vietnamese students and schoolchildren visited the Polytechnic stand, where they were consulted about the educational programs of bachelor’s, master’s and postgraduate studies at SPbPU, and told about dormitories and scholarships.

    The delegation of the Polytechnic University visited the Tran Phu Special School for Talented Children in Hai Phong, the Le Hong Phong Special School for Talented Children in Nam Dinh and the Hanoi University of Entrepreneurship and Technology. During the Polytechnic presentations, the children had a unique opportunity not only to get acquainted with the educational programs and admission conditions, but also to communicate with the university representatives, ask questions and clarify issues of interest to them.

    In addition, a meeting of delegations of Russian universities was held at the Ministry of Education and Personnel Training of the SRV, dedicated to further cooperation between universities of our country and Vietnamese universities. During this event, many agreements were signed aimed at deepening mutual understanding and cooperation in the field of higher education. Special attention was paid to training personnel in such areas as mathematics, economics, philology and Russian studies.

    Tatyana Sytnikova took part in a press conference with Vietnamese media at the Russian Center for Science and Culture in Hanoi. She emphasized the importance of the educational programs offered by the Polytechnic University for foreign applicants.

    The Polytechnic University offers foreign applicants unique educational programs in the fields of IT, artificial intelligence, linguistics, construction and building design, law, design, economics and management, and biotechnology. We are confident that high-quality education in these areas will open up new horizons and opportunities for a successful career for our students, said Tatyana Sytnikova.

    On the last day of the exhibition, an expert session entitled “University Consortia in Russia and the International Educational Space: Practice and Prospects” was held.

    Recently, we have been actively engaged in solving various issues of cooperation between Russia and Vietnam. As a society acting as a people’s diplomacy, we strive to help both our and your partners in establishing strong ties and contacts. We sincerely hope that cooperation between Vietnam and Russia will develop more and more actively every day, – noted the deputy chairman and secretary general of the Vietnamese-Russian Friendship Society, the main reactor of the Berezka magazine Nguyen Dang Phat.

    Educational exhibitions play a key role in establishing effective links between educational institutions and prospective students, providing a valuable platform for information exchange and broadening horizons. The exhibition in Vietnam was a great opportunity for young people to learn about the opportunities that Polytechnic University offers to international students. Such events not only help to popularize education abroad, but also greatly simplify the process of choosing an educational institution for those who are looking to gain quality education and international experience.

    Let us remind you that selection and competitive events have started for foreign applicants wishing to study at the Polytechnic University for free under the direction of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (under a quota) in the next academic year. You can get up-to-date information about the dates of their holding in the English-language Polytech telegram channel.

    You can also apply for the first qualifying round of the international Open Doors Olympiad: Russian Scholarship project until November 20. From this year onwards, the winners will have the opportunity to enroll in the Polytechnic University’s bachelor’s, master’s and postgraduate programs without entrance examinations and study for free in the 2025–2026 academic year.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    MIL OSI Russia News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI USA: Buyer Beware: Off-brand Ozempic, Zepbound and Other Weight Loss Products Carry Undisclosed Risks

    Source: US State of Connecticut

    In just a few years, brand-name injectable drugs such as Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro and Zepbound have rocketed to fame as billion-dollar annual sellers for weight loss as well as to control blood sugar levels and reduce the risk of heart disease.

    But the price of these injections is steep: They cost about US$800-$1,000 per month, and if used for weight loss alone, they are not covered by most insurance policies. Both drugs mimic the naturally occurring hormone GLP-1 to help regulate blood sugar and reduce cravings. They can be taken only with a prescription.

    The Food and Drug Administration announced an official shortage of the active ingredients in these drugs in 2022, but on Oct. 2, 2024, the agency announced that the shortage has been resolved for the medicine tirzepatide, the active ingredient in Mounjaro and Zepbound.

    Despite the soaring demand and limited supply of these drugs, there are no generic versions available. This is because the patents for semaglutide – the active ingredient in Ozempic and Wegovy, which is still in shortage – and tirzepatide don’t expire until 2033 and 2036, respectively.

    As a result, nonbrand alternatives that can be purchased with or without a prescription are flooding the market. Yet these products come with real risks to consumers.

    I am a pharmacist who studies weaknesses in federal oversight of prescription and over-the-counter drugs and dietary supplements in the U.S. My research group recently has investigated loopholes that are allowing alternative weight loss products to enter the market.

    High demand is driving GLP-1 wannabes

    The dietary supplement market has sought to cash in on the GLP-1 demand with pills, teas, extracts and all manner of other products that claim to produce similar effects as the brand names at a much lower price.

    Products containing the herb berberine offer only a few pounds of weight loss, while many dietary supplement weight loss products contain stimulants such as sibutramine and laxatives such as phenolphthalein, which increase the risk of heart attacks, strokes and cancer.

    The role of compounding pharmacies

    Unlike the dietary supplements that are masquerading as GLP-1 weight loss products, compounding pharmacies can create custom versions of products that contain the same active ingredients as the real thing for patients who cannot use either brand or generic products for some reason.

    These pharmacies can also produce alternative versions of brand-name drugs when official drug shortages exist.

    Since the demand for GLP-1 medications has far outpaced the supply, compounding pharmacies are legally producing a variety of different semaglutide and tirzepatide products.

    These products may come in versions that differ from the brand-name companies, such as vials of powder that must be dissolved in liquid, or as tablets or nasal sprays.

    Just like the brand-name drugs, you must have a valid prescription to receive them. The prices range from $250-$400 a month – still a steep price for many consumers.

    Compounding pharmacies must adhere to the FDA’s sterility and quality production methods, but these rules are not as rigorous for compounding pharmacies as those for commercial manufacturers of generic drugs.

    In addition, the products compounding pharmacies create do not have to be tested in humans for safety or effectiveness like brand-name products do.

    Proper dosing can also be challenging with compounded forms of the drugs.

    Companies that work the system

    For people who cannot afford a compounding pharmacy product, or cannot get a valid prescription for semaglutide or tirzepatide, opportunistic companies are stepping in to fill the void. These include “peptide companies,” manufacturers that create non-FDA approved knockoff versions of the drugs.

    From November 2023 to March 2024, my team carried out a study to assess which of these peptide companies are selling semaglutide or tirzepatide products. We scoured the internet looking for these peptide companies and collected information about what they were selling and their sales practices.

    We found that peptide sellers use a loophole to sell these drugs. On their websites, the companies state that their drugs are for “research purposes only” or “not for human consumption,” but they do nothing to verify that the buyers are researchers or that the product is going to a research facility.

    By reading the comments sections of the company websites and the targeted ads on social media, it becomes clear that both buyers and sellers understand the charade. Unlike compounding pharmacies, these peptide sellers do not provide the supplies you need to dissolve and inject the drug, provide no instructions, and will usually not answer questions.

    Peptide sellers, since they allegedly are not selling to consumers, do not require a valid prescription and will sell consumers whatever quantity of drug they wish to purchase. Even if a person has an eating disorder such as anorexia nervosa, the companies will happily sell them a semaglutide or tirzepatide product without a prescription. The average prices of these peptide products range from $181-$203 per month.

    Skirting regulations

    Peptide sellers do not have to adhere to the rules or regulations that drug manufacturers or compounding pharmacies do. Many companies state that their products are 99% pure, but an independent investigation of three companies’ products from August 2023 to March 2024 found that the purity of the products were far less than promised.

    One product contained endotoxin – a toxic substance produced by bacteria – suggesting that it was contaminated with microbes. In addition, the products’ promised dosages were off by up 29% to 39%. Poor purity can cause patients to experience fever, chills, nausea, skin irritation, infections and low blood pressure.

    In this study, some companies never even shipped the drug, telling the buyers they needed to pay an additional fee to have the product clear customs.

    If a consumer is harmed by a poor-quality product, it would be difficult to sue the seller, since the products specifically say they are “not for human consumption.” Ultimately, consumers are being led to spend money on products that may never arrive, could cause an infection, might not have the correct dose, and contain no instructions on how to safely use or store the product.

    Will prices for brand-name products come down?

    To combat these alternative sellers, pharmaceutical company Eli Lilly began offering an alternative version of its brand-name Zepbound product for weight loss in September 2024.

    Instead of its traditional injection pen products that cost more than $1,000 for a month’s supply, this product comes in vials that patients draw up and inject themselves. For patients who take 5 milligrams of Zepbound each week, the vial products would cost them $549 a month if patients buy it through the company’s online pharmacy and can show that they do not have insurance coverage for the drug.

    After a grilling on Capitol Hill in September 2024, pharmaceutical company Novo Nordisk came under intense pressure to offer patients without prescription coverage a lower-priced product for its brand-name Wegovy as well.

    In the next few years, additional brand-name GLP-1 agonist drugs will likely make it to market. As of October 2024, a handful of these products are in late-phase clinical trials, with active ingredients such as retatrutide, survodutide and ecnoglutide, and more than 18 other drug candidates are in earlier stages of development.

    When new pharmaceutical companies enter this market, they will have to offer patients lower prices than Eli Lilly and Novo Nordisk in order to gain market share. This is the most likely medium-term solution to drive down the costs of GLP-1 drugs and eliminate the drug shortages in the marketplace.

    Originally published in The Conversation.

    MIL OSI USA News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI USA: UConn Magazine: Dan Orlovsky Is All In

    Source: US State of Connecticut

    The cafeteria at the ESPN campus in Bristol, Connecticut, is a monument to distraction. I’m confronted by three preposterous flat-screen TVs on the far wall. Look up. A parade of smaller screens offers a high-definition plea not to engage with your lunch companion.

    Into this boulevard of broken attention spans enters Dan Orlovsky ’17 (BGS), ESPN’s NFL analyst, 20 years removed from a storied career as the UConn quarterback who propelled the football program into national prominence. He absolutely looks the part, dressed in a slim-fit suit that straddles the line between blueberry and robin’s egg. There’s no tie but a sharp blue-gridded white dress shirt and stylish salt-and-pepper stubble. His hair is perfect.

    Aside from developing a reputation as a great football analyst, Orlovsky has become known for his pile of oddities, which he embraces. (“I told you I’m weird,” he reminds me during our conversation.) Food is a big one. Today, he arrives with what looks like a chicken avocado salad. But because there is no lettuce present, his lunch resembles an entrée from the apocalypse, a hillock of (seasoned?) browns and beiges specked with green. There was his memorable admission on Twitter that he uses a bath towel around 30 times before it’s removed from the rotation — presumably with tongs into a hazmat bag.

    At work, Orlovsky has a “maniacal desire to be the best,” says Laura Rutledge, the host of “NFL Live,” his main gig. “He preps like no one I’ve ever seen in my entire life for anything that he does.”

    Orlovsky, 41, does not do these things to perpetuate an image. Everything has a reason, even the bizarro food choices. Why introduce something new and possibly disruptive? Then he can’t spend time with his family or do his job. That’s not how to win the day. When you help resurrect a college football program and get drafted by a National Football League team, that credo isn’t ridiculous. It’s required. Lack the drive to excel while reducing the game’s din and violence to its necessities and you’ll be prowling LinkedIn by your 25th birthday. Orlovsky spent 12 years in the NFL; the average career lasts a hair over three.

    Why, he wonders, can’t the principles that made him a millionaire in the NFL work away from the football field?

    Every day Dan Orlovsky tries to answer that question.

    Read on for more.

    MIL OSI USA News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI USA: Governor Murphy Announces Planned Innovation Center Based in Newark

    Source: US State of New Jersey

    TRENTON – Governor Phil Murphy today announced that the New Jersey Economic Development Authority (NJEDA) and the New Jersey Innovation Institute (NJII), a corporation of the New Jersey Institute of Technology (NJIT), have launched the NJII Venture Studio, the state’s latest Strategic Innovation Center (SIC). The NJII Venture Studio will focus on accelerating and commercializing intellectual property with a focus on high technology and information technology developed by NJIT, NJII and NJIT’s corporate partners, as well as other academic institutions who contribute to the advancement of the industry. This will be the seventh SIC in New Jersey announced under the Murphy Administration.

    “Since I took office, my administration has been laser focused on positioning New Jersey as a national leader in innovation and technology development,” said Governor Phil Murphy. “The NJII Venture Studio, our seventh Strategic Innovation Center, will provide aspiring entrepreneurs with access to cutting-edge technology and the chance to collaborate with industry experts. This exciting initiative reinforces New Jersey’s reputation as a hub for innovation and research and the tremendous expertise within our state’s research universities.”

    NJII, a non-profit subsidiary corporation established by NJIT in 2014, will operate and manage the Studio. The NJEDA and NJII have entered into a non-binding term sheet to establish the creation, funding, and management of the Venture Studio with an opportunity to make equity investments into participating companies. The Studio, which will be located in the Paul Profeta Center for Innovation and Entrepreneurship in Newark, will seek to launch two to three start-ups a year over a four-year period.

    The Venture Studio will provide emerging companies with necessary business training, operating services, physical space, and management guidance to transform their research into commercially viable products and services. Pending approval by its Board, the NJEDA intends to invest $5.8 million into the project on a 1:1 basis with NJII, with program funding for the Venture Studio totaling $11.6 million.

    “Governor Murphy is dedicated to expanding New Jersey’s innovation economy by investing in various industries and equipping entrepreneurs with the necessary resources to grow and scale their businesses,” said NJEDA Chief Executive Officer Tim Sullivan. “Powered by the NJEDA’s Strategic Innovation Center program, the NJII Venture Studio will foster the development of new technologies, good-paying jobs, and long-term, sustainable economic growth throughout the state.”

    NJII intends to partner with NJIT, other New Jersey higher education institutions, and NJII and NJIT’s corporate partners to offer university students hands-on experience and training.

    Since its founding, NJII has spun out two for-profit companies, Healthcare Innovative Solutions (HCIS) and BioCentriq, with hopes to replicate and expand its capacity to spin out startups.

    “We are excited to embark on this partnership with the NJEDA to further build the state’s Innovation Economy,” said Michael Johnson, Ph.D., President of NJII. “We see the NJII Venture Studio as a powerful tool that will bridge the gap between translational research and commercialization, resulting in innovative companies and world-changing technologies.”

    Serving as the SIC’s anchor academic partner, NJIT will provide access to university resources and intellectual property to assist with the launch and development of participating companies.

    “The creation of the NJII Venture Studio aligns perfectly with NJIT’s 2030 strategic plan, which calls for the university to expand on its role as a nexus of innovation—a physical and intellectual focal point for ideas, actions and people that brings together researchers, learners, entrepreneurs and partners from government, industry and the community to pursue innovation,” said Dr. Teik C. Lim, President of NJIT.

    “With this next Strategic Innovation Center, New Jersey continues to unlock unparalleled opportunities to grow cutting-edge industries and cultivate emerging talent right here in the Garden State,” said New Jersey Secretary of Higher Education Brian K. Bridges. “Combined with the expertise and resources of the state’s world-class institutions, like NJIT, we are well-positioned to lead innovation and meet the workforce demands of tomorrow’s economy.” 

    “I commend Governor Murphy and the New Jersey Economic Development Authority for their continued focus on innovation and economic growth with the launch of the Venture Studio in Newark. This new Strategic Innovation Center is a vital step in positioning New Jersey as a national leader in emerging technologies and entrepreneurship,” said Senator Paul Sarlo, Chair of the Senate Budget Committee. “As an alumnus of the New Jersey Institute of Technology, I know firsthand the innovative spirit possessed by the university’s students and faculty. I am thrilled that this center will not only help jumpstart the careers of young entrepreneurs, but also give NJIT students the opportunity to gain hands-on experience in the process of starting a company.”

    “The NJII Venture Studio will offer fresh and exciting opportunities for students and entrepreneurs in Newark and beyond,” said NJEDA Chief Economic Transformation Officer Kathleen Coviello. “The Studio’s prime location and proximity to the state’s key players in the innovation sector will open doors for entrepreneurs to advance their research, testing, and development of diverse technologies.”

    SICs are facilities that support research and development, innovation, and entrepreneurship through mentorship, networking opportunities, hands-on training, business support services, and education opportunities. SICs can be accelerators, incubators, or research centers. Having a physical location where entrepreneurs can collaborate will help support new, diverse innovators and help drive long-term economic growth.

    MIL OSI USA News –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI: Ethical Web AI announces our new Chief Executive Officer – Manfred Ebensberger, with a shareholder update

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    NEW YORK, Oct. 25, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Bubblr Inc., d/b/a Ethical Web AI (OTC: BBLR) – a frontrunner in ethical technology determined to revolutionize the digital domain, has announced its new CEO, Manfred Ebensberger.

    Before joining Bubblr, Mr. Ebensberger held senior roles in European investment firms, serving as Managing Director and Asset Manager for Ultra-High-Net-Worth Individuals (UHNWIs). He also served as CEO of a luxury Italian fashion brand in New York. Earlier in his career, Mr. Ebensberger was managing director for several US investment companies and an assistant professor at the University of Innsbruck, Austria. Manfred holds a degree from the University of Innsbruck, Austria, from the University of Venice, Italy and completed a certificate in General Business Studies at UCLA. He is a seasoned professional committed to the vision and direction of the company.

    Steve Morris, CTO and founder of Ethical Web AI remarked, “I am delighted to welcome Manfred as our CEO. Manfred is a highly experienced executive who has a proven track record as the CEO of a publicly listed company, which he led to a very successful buy-out. We have been speaking to Manfred for quite some time, and both parties are in agreement that Manfred is the perfect CEO at this critical point in the company’s development.”

    “Our biggest challenge has been our ability to describe succinctly what our platform does and why it is so revolutionary. Now that the platform is demonstrable, this makes our many years of work understandable, applicable and ultimately profitable. Manfred will lead us into the next stage of our revenue-positive corporate development. It has taken years in the making, but we are finally at a point where we have a product that will change the way we all use and utilize the internet.”

    “Our last press release in August 2024 made clear the massive significance of finally delivering our ethical Web Search (EWS) platform to the point where it is demonstrable. It has taken many years of development to build the EWS platform, and it is the technical manifestation of our US Patent 10977387, which has been independently valued at $4.7bn. Manfred’s role is to oversee the next stage of Ethical Web AI’s development to realize its true potential and value as the world’s most innovative technology company. Our current plans are extremely ambitious, and we are confident that Manfred is the CEO we need to deliver them. They include the following key objectives:”

    Raising substantial new investment capital

    Within the next six months, we plan to raise significant new investment capital. This capital is required to transform the company from a technology development company to a fast-growing, revenue-driven business. There are many conversations currently underway with a number of important investors that we expect to be concluded in the next few months.

    Significantly increase revenue from AI Seek.

    Our generative AI product, AI Seek, is capable of generating significant revenues and is very profitable. We intend to sign a distribution and marketing contract in the next few weeks that will deliver very significant new revenues before the end of the year.

    We already consider AI Seek to be demonstrably superior to Chat GPT in many ways. In particular, AI Seek is unique in that it is totally anonymous for consumers to use. This unique aspect of AI Seek allows us to develop a version of AI Seek that can be safely used by children under direct parental control. A “child-safe” generative AI application will obviously be hugely popular.

    Oversee the rollout of the EWS platform to our first pilot projects.

    We are currently negotiating with a number of potential community licensees to pilot our EWS platform. There are three candidates, and all three are very keen to be the first early adopter. Again, we will be signing our first deal in the next few weeks, and we will make announcements as they happen. The pilot project(s) will provide the necessary learnings required to automate the onboarding of new licensees to the platform entirely. Once we have fully automated the onboarding process, we will begin the global adoption of the product using the tried and tested open-source SaaS model.

    Organic uplist to Nasdaq in 2025

    We have a strategic plan to organically uplist Nasdaq in 2025. In order to qualify for Nasdaq, we need revenues and adequate cash reserves in the bank. The cash reserves will be secured primarily through further external investment capital. Both the revenues and the capital raise are eminently achievable.

    The Nasdaq uplist provides a number of significant benefits for the company and its shareholders. We are certain that we have the most significant and valuable technology that the world has ever witnessed. However, hardly anyone has ever heard of the company. The Nasdaq uplist delivers much more visibility of the company and its products. It provides a platform to showcase our company to both the investment community and retail users.

    Pursue our expected exit plan through acquisition.

    The founder and CTO, Steve Morris, has always maintained that the most likely final exit strategy would be that it would be acquired (or its critical assets acquired) by a global technology business to ensure its global adoption. Ethical Web AI is more like a startup pharmaceutical company that has developed a world-beating drug. Such a company knows it will be acquired by one of the global pharma giants. However, acquisition opportunities were not expected to arise before we were uplisted to Nasdaq. In recent developments, a major technology company has expressed interest in communicating with the company regarding potential future alliances.

    It is clear that our new CEO, Manfred Ebensberger, has a lot to do in the next few months, but he has the complete suite of expertise, knowledge and full support of everyone in the company to help him deliver. We expect to issue many more press releases in the coming weeks.

    About Ethical Web AI:
    Ethical Web AI is an ethical technology company that is championing an anonymous, safe, and fair new internet. We are producing unique intellectual property and technology that is made defensible by our valuable utility software patents.

    Visit the new AI Seek website at: https://www.aiseek.ai.

    If you are an AI Seek user, make sure to add desktop integration by going to the page https://desktop.aiseek.ai/

    For more information about our Company and products, please visit our website at https://www.ethicalweb.ai.

    Media Contact:
    Steve Morris
    Bubblr, Inc.
    (646) 814 7184

    Safe Harbor Statement
    This press release contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. These forward-looking statements are based on the current plans and expectations of management and are subject to a number of uncertainties and risks that could significantly affect the Company’s current plans and expectations, as well as future results of operations and financial condition. The Company reserves the right to update or alter its forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

    The MIL Network –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI: Bitget Wallet Powers Nearly 50% of Catizen Airdrop

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    VICTORIA, Seychelles, Oct. 25, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Bitget Wallet, the leading non-custodial Web3 wallet, facilitated nearly 50% of claims for the Catizen’s CATI token airdrop, according to onchain data. This positions Bitget Wallet as the most popular choice for users claiming the Catizen airdrop, underscoring its dominance in accessing the latest Web3 opportunities.

    Catizen is an innovative game within the TON and Mantle ecosystems, seamlessly blending gaming with crypto rewards in a play-for-airdrop format. Its integration with Telegram’s mini-app ecosystem has made it highly accessible, creating a dynamic hub for Web 3.0 traffic and quickly attracting players eager to explore the next generation of blockchain gaming. The CATI airdrop claim period, which ran from September 19 to October 24, nearly 50% of all claims were made through Bitget Wallet, underscoring its popularity among users.

    Bitget Wallet partnered with Catizen to enhance its airdrop experience by providing full gas fee subsidies, enabling users to claim CATI tokens on-chain at no cost. The initiative also included a prize pool of 50,000 CATI tokens for users completing designated tasks. Furthermore, Bitget Wallet integrated Catizen’s Game Center by adding a dedicated section within its DApp platform for easy access. This collaboration enriches the Catizen community and solidifies Bitget Wallet’s role within the expanding TON ecosystem.

    Alvin Kan, COO of Bitget Wallet, stated, “Our partnership with Catizen is a step for making blockchain gaming more accessible. By facilitating seamless access to the Catizen game and its token airdrop, we are removing barriers to participation and empowering users to explore new opportunities, ultimately fostering a vibrant blockchain gaming community and Web3 ecosystem.“

    About Bitget Wallet

    Bitget Wallet is the home of Web3, where endless possibilities come together in one wallet. Uniting over 40 million users, this non-custodial wallet brings everything onchain in one place—asset management, quick swaps, rewards, staking, trading tools, live market data, a DApp browser, and an NFT marketplace. With wallet options like mnemonic, MPC, AA, and a Telegram bot, Bitget Wallet serves everyone from beginners to advanced traders. Supporting 100+ blockchains, 20,000+ DApps and 500,000+ tokens, it connects to hundreds of DEXs and cross-chain bridges for seamless multi-chain trading, and offers a $300 million protection fund to keep your digital assets safe.

    Experience Bitget Wallet Lite to start your Web3 journey.

    For more information, visit: Website | Twitter | Telegram | Instagram | YouTube | LinkedIn | TikTok | Discord

    About Catizen

    Catizen is a revolutionary gaming bot on Telegram that seamlessly integrates the messaging app Telegram with multiple blockchains, including TON and Mantle Network. It redefines Web 3.0 experiences by enabling -mobile payments with both crypto currencies and fiat currencies. By tapping into Telegram’s vast user base, Catizen aims to create a Web 3.0 traffic hub on an unprecedented scale.

    Additionally, Catizen is evolving into a Mini-app Center, integrating features from launchpool platforms, such as early access to new projects, token-based activities, transaction capabilities, along with short videos and e-commerce functionalities. This innovative approach will attract and engage users through gamification and strategic Play-to-Airdrop initiatives, transforming how users access and engage with the Web 3.0 ecosystem.

    For more information, visit: X | Official Website | Telegram | Telegram Chat | Bot

    A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/ce6b68b3-c33e-45b6-bd97-85090f45a5c4

    The MIL Network –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Global: In her first budget, the chancellor faces a minefield of risks

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Steve Schifferes, Honorary Research Fellow, City Political Economy Research Centre, City St George’s, University of London

    Ahead of the new government’s first budget on October 30, chancellor Rachel Reeves has revealed her determination to change borrowing rules that will allow her to boost investment spending.

    The overriding goal of the government is to promote economic growth, after more than a decade of stagnation in living standards. In the long run, boosting growth will produce more money for the government to improve public services. But while Reeves has given a strong steer as to how she will fund the public investment needed to grow the economy in the long term, she will also have to find money for urgent improvements to struggling public services like the NHS, a key election pledge.

    There are three ways that the government can raise the funds it needs to boost investment and improve key public services. It can raise taxes, increase borrowing, or make cuts to spending. Given the scale of the challenge faced by the chancellor, all three are likely.

    The government had made a rod for its own back with two of its key election pledges: not to raise the main taxes (income tax, national insurance, and VAT) on “working people”, while sticking to a set of fiscal rules that set strict limits on government borrowing. These pledges were designed to appeal to voters hit by the cost of living, while demonstrating to financial markets that Labour would be cautious with public money. Government borrowing reached nearly £80 billion in last six months, the third highest sum on record.

    With the so-called financial “black hole” now estimated at £40 billion, not the £22 billion announced in July, the Treasury will need major tax rises that go well beyond the modest proposals from the election campaign. Although Labour may make some limited increases in other taxes on wealth, such as capital gains tax, this alone will not close the revenue gap.

    The most likely candidate to bridge the gap is an increase in employer national insurance (NI) contributions, for example by making employers pay NI on their pension contributions. This could raise more than £15 billion per year. Reeves and prime minister Keir Starmer argue that this would not breach their manifesto commitments – but it will be politically controversial. Observers, including the Office for Budget Responsibility (OBR) and the Institute for Fiscal Studies, argue that such taxes are eventually felt by workers through either lower wages or staff cuts.

    Further spending cuts are also on the cards. In July the chancellor announced a series of cuts, cancelling planned spending on the reform of social care, withdrawing the winter fuel payment to most pensioners, and ordering departments to make efficiency savings to help fund pay awards.




    Read more:
    The boomer generation hit the economic jackpot. Young people will inherit their massive debts


    Other than for the NHS, Reeves is expected to squeeze spending in “unprotected” departments (prisons and local government, for example). On welfare spending, the Treasury has the rising bill for disability and incapacity benefits in its sights.

    But even these decisions leave the government with a major funding dilemma. How will it pay for capital spending, everything from new hospitals and schools to roads, bridges and other infrastructure? All are key to boosting long-term growth.

    While one of Reeves’ fiscal rules aims to ensure that day-to-day spending must be balanced by tax receipts (leading to the need for tax increases), borrowing for long-term public investment is not part of that calculation. But any increased borrowing for investment appears to be sharply curtailed by another fiscal rule, which says that total government debt (including that incurred by borrowing to invest) as a percentage of GDP must be falling within five years.

    New government, new rules?

    Despite Labour’s embrace of both these tight fiscal rules during the election campaign, the chancellor has now confirmed that she wants to modify this debt rule to allow herself to borrow more.

    She plans to change how overall government debt is measured, effectively redefining it by including more government assets to set against the amount being borrowed. The likely new measure, known as “public sector net financial assets”, would include assets like funded local government pension schemes and student loans income, as well as government-owned companies like Great British Energy.

    This could give the chancellor up to £50 billion in extra borrowing power for public investment. Her argument is that borrowing to build infrastructure gives the government a tangible asset that will pay for itself in the long term by boosting growth and tax receipts.

    None of the choices facing Rachel Reeves will be easy.

    The government’s spending watchdog, the OBR, agrees that in the long term, well-planned public sector investment could benefit the economy, although it says it would take a long time to materialise. Many observers, including the former head of the civil service, Gus O’Donnell, and Mark Carney, the former governor of the Bank of England, strongly support increased public investment as a way to boost lagging productivity.

    But there are risks in this strategy if it unsettles financial markets. Total government debt on the current measure now stands at £2.6 trillion, nearly the same size as the whole UK economy. It is costing the Treasury around £74 billion a year in interest payments, almost the size of the education budget.

    If the bond markets (which buy government debt) take fright, they could force up the cost of borrowing further, which could raise interest rates on mortgages and other consumer borrowing. And news of the chancellor’s plan to change to the fiscal rule did cause bond yields to rise slightly. This suggests if government debt rises too rapidly, even within the new rules, this could have a destabilising effect. So the chancellor will have to judge carefully how much of the extra headroom she should use.

    Like all Labour chancellors, Reeves faces the task of keeping both voters and the financial markets happy at the same time. Her strategy could end up alienating rather than pleasing both sides.

    Given the scale of Labour’s ambitions, balanced against her limited resources, she may have little choice but to take such a bold approach. But her path between alienating business and disillusioning the public is a narrow one. And the longer it takes for her strategy to bear fruit in terms of a better standard of living and improved public services, the more difficult things will become politically.

    Steve Schifferes does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. In her first budget, the chancellor faces a minefield of risks – https://theconversation.com/in-her-first-budget-the-chancellor-faces-a-minefield-of-risks-241939

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Global: Horror movies are as much a mainstay of Halloween as trick or treat − but why are they so bloody?

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By James Francis, Jr., Instructional Associate Professor, Texas A&M University

    Horror movies are plentiful in 2024, and plenty bloody. The year has seen the release of films awash in blood, such as “Immaculate,” “The First Omen” and “The Strangers.” With Halloween on the way, bloody offerings are streaming, in theaters and running in marathons on cable.

    Watch them, and you’ll likely notice that as the decades pass, the directors, writers and studio executives of these films seem to produce more and more on-screen blood, violence and gore. But why?

    As a professor of horror studies, I explore the depths of the genre with my students – and for us to understand the evolution of blood in horror cinema, we first consider how films reflect their times.

    Alfred Hitchcock and Michael Powell created proto-slashers with “Psycho” and “Peeping Tom,” respectively. Both films were released in 1960 about four months apart, both feature serial killers, and both operate on a “tell, don’t show” visual aesthetic. Rather than show the blood to the audience, the films provide narrative cues to only suggest the blood.

    Janet Leigh’s shower scene in ‘Psycho’ is one of the most memorable moments in movie history.
    Bettmann via Getty Images

    Guts, gore and so much more

    In “Psycho,” Marion Crane, played by Janet Leigh, is stabbed to death in the famous shower scene. But the quick-cut editing gives only the illusion of her nude body being slashed as a small amount of blood washes down the drain in black-and-white tones. By not shooting “Psycho” in color, and avoiding the image of bright red blood in the bathtub – Hitchcock’s choice – the film doesn’t seem as violent.

    By the late 1960s, the restrictive Hays Code, which prohibited overt on-screen violence and the use of fake blood, was replaced by the less stringent Motion Picture Association of America film ratings system. Filmmakers could latch onto new freedoms to express fear, anxiety and dread in more visceral depictions. One way to do that – more blood.

    In “Night of the Living Dead,” George A. Romero’s 1968 seminal zombie flick, the walking dead consume the flesh of the living. Even though the movie is in black and white, the monochromatic presentation does not dull the display of the undead gobbling guts and licking up blood.

    The film’s release came six months after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., and a clear connection between Romero’s film and the Civil Rights Movement then taking place is apparent. The movie’s heightened gore correlates to the movement’s all-too-bloody violent struggle, as Ben, played by Duane Jones, the sole person of color among the living, hides from the ghouls in an abandoned farmhouse with a group of six white people.

    Ben works to keep the group safe but faces ongoing pushback from the white male characters. At the end of the film, a group of vigilantes, believing Ben is a zombie, guns him down before tossing his body into a fire.

    The symbolism as a reflection of the times is hard to miss. Romero and John Russo, who co-wrote the screenplay, didn’t initially intend to make a statement on civil rights; but later, during postproduction, Romero realized the assassination of King turned his movie into a “Black film.”

    Bloody metaphors

    Then came the 1970s, when blood was sprayed all over the screen. But Tobe Hooper’s “The Texas Chain Saw Massacre” (1974), William Friedkin’s “The Exorcist” (1974) and Ridley Scott’s “Alien” (1979) have something else in common: They feature women protagonists who survive the unthinkable.

    Once again, blood is a common denominator. Sally’s body is covered in it after escaping Leatherface; Regan’s body, along with the blood, spews green vomit; and Ripley sees an alien burst out of a crew member’s chest. But the films weren’t just gory – they were metaphors for the uphill battle for women’s rights in the 1970s.

    The original “Halloween” (1978) also fits here, but with a twist. The character of Laurie Strode, perhaps an early prototype of women protagonists in horror films, connects back to a “tell, don’t show” sensibility while simultaneously embracing changing times. While the first kill shows Michael Myers stabbing his older sister, the audience views the death from the partially veiled perspective of Myers behind his Halloween mask. You see little until her body hits the floor to reveal the blood.

    ‘Halloween’ was a huge hit and has thus far spawned six direct sequels, one offshoot, a two-part remake and one reboot trilogy over 46 years.
    Universal History Archive via Getty Images

    Nightmares and reality

    In the 1980s, the slasher subgenre dominated horror – and the bloodier, the better: These movies focus on the number of kills and the creative ways the victims are dispatched.

    Each sequel in these horror franchises needed to up the kills, if for no other reason than to outdo its predecessors and competitors. Audiences began rooting for villains like Myers, Jason Voorhees and Freddy Krueger, all of whom had their own theme music, and in Freddy’s case, trademark one-liners. Many of the villains had more character development than their victims, who seemed interchangeable and little more than fodder for the slasher machine.

    The 1990s had bigger-budgeted, more innovative films, such as Wes Craven’s “New Nightmare” (1994) and “Scream” (1996). Here the attacks are more personal; the stabbings are close-up. CGI, or computer-generated imagery, used in abundance in the “Nightmare” series, allowed for more creative and bloody kills.

    Scarier times mean bloodier movies

    Since 9/11, horror films have existed in a place where there’s no apparent motive other than violence and bloodshed. In “The Strangers” (2008), the villains tie up, torment and savagely maim their victims. In the 2009 remake of “The Last House on the Left,” it’s the villains who meet a bloody end. Contemporary horror understands how senseless killings on screen are effective, because the removal of emotion from the violence parallels real-world incidents.

    ‘Ghostface’ is the villain in the popular ‘Scream’ series.
    James Gourley/Getty Images Entertainment via Getty Images

    By the late 2010s, horror films link to the #MeToo and Time’s Up movements, most notably in the “Halloween” reboot trilogy, as Laurie Strode once again confronts Michael Myers and the trauma he inflicted 40 years prior.

    The kills in the new “Halloween” trilogy are extremely bloody and violent. They also mirror the sexual and societal exploitation of women and their bodies. Ultimately, the series allows the protagonist, and the traumatized town of Haddonfield, to acknowledge the evil, confront it and try to finally put an end to it, once and for all.

    The evolution in the horror genre’s presentation of blood and gore doesn’t necessarily make for scarier movies, but they often point to the scarier times in which we live. Earlier horror films, comparatively tamer and with less blood, were often box-office successes. But today’s audiences probably appreciate them more for their artistic merits than the fear they induce.

    The preferences of horror audiences change over time, much like the ebb and flow of the blood depicted in these movies. The original “Halloween” has hardly a drop; the recent reboots are over the top – but still nowhere close to the mayhem depicted in the just-released “Terrifier 3.”

    What the future holds is anyone’s guess. But check out the world around you, and you’ll certainly get a bloody good hint of what’s to come.

    James Francis, Jr. does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Horror movies are as much a mainstay of Halloween as trick or treat − but why are they so bloody? – https://theconversation.com/horror-movies-are-as-much-a-mainstay-of-halloween-as-trick-or-treat-but-why-are-they-so-bloody-241214

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Global: Debates about Columbus’ Spanish Jewish ancestry are not new − the claim was once a bid for social acceptance

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Devin Naar, Associate Professor of History and Jewish Studies and Chair of the Sephardic Studies Program, University of Washington

    ‘Landing of Columbus,’ by John Vanderlyn. Architect of the Capitol via Wikimedia Commons

    In connection to Columbus Day and Indigenous Peoples Day, media from the BBC and Fox to Reuters and Haaretz reported on new DNA evidence about the holiday’s original namesake. According to research revealed in a recent Spanish documentary, Christopher Columbus was not Italian, as widely assumed, but Sephardic: of Spanish Jewish lineage.

    About 1 in 5 people in Spain and Portugal today may indeed be of “converso” origin: descendants of Jews or Muslims who converted to Catholicism, often under threat of death or expulsion. Regardless of whether Columbus was genealogically Jewish, though, there is scant evidence that he considered himself to be Jewish in any meaningful way. After all, he wrote approvingly of the Spanish king and queen’s decision to expel Jews from Spain in 1492.

    The claim that Columbus may have been of Spanish Jewish descent is by no means certain; the “new” research has not yet been published in any academic journals. What’s more, it’s far from new.

    The debate over the origins of the New World’s “discoverer” stretch back more than a century, to a time when Columbus was more routinely hailed as a hero – whereas today, he is remembered as the man who initiated European settler colonialism in the Americas and the genocide of Indigenous peoples. For decades, some Spanish and American Jewish activists claimed that Columbus was a Sephardic Jew.

    One of their own

    At the turn of the 20th century, new immigrant groups in the U.S. were seeking acceptance as part of dominant white American society. Spaniards, Jews, Italians and Greeks seized claims that Columbus was one of their own, hoping to combat prejudice that they faced. By linking themselves to the progenitor of white “civilization” in the Americas, they sought to secure their own position on the white side of the color line, with the privileges and protections that status bestowed.

    A poster for the Italian-American Exposition of 1892 in Genoa, Italy – often thought to be Columbus’ birthplace.
    Twice25 via Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA

    U.S. President Benjamin Harrison instituted Columbus Day in 1892, initially as a one-time holiday. The event was meant to celebrate Italian American contributions to society – partly as an apology, following the lynching of 11 Italian immigrants in New Orleans. Decades later, in 1934, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt rendered Columbus Day a federal holiday, even as the U.S. government continued to impose a quota on Italian immigration.

    Early claims about Columbus or members of his entourage being Sephardic Jews also emerged in 1892 – the 400th anniversary of the conquerer’s arrival. Oscar Straus, a Jewish American diplomat, commissioned Meyer Kayserling, a rabbi and scholar, to research Jews’ role in the age of conquest. While Kayserling’s book did not say Columbus himself was of Jewish origin, it claimed that many people connected to his voyages were, including an interpreter named Luis de Torres and funder Luis de Santagel. Straus hoped that highlighting Jewish contributions to American society would curtail rising antisemitism in the United States.

    Spanish strategy

    In contrast, Spanish claims about Columbus as a Sephardic Jew sought to elevate Spain’s own international image. After its 1898 defeat in the Spanish-American War, Spain lost its possessions in the Western Hemisphere and ceased to be a major European colonial power. A cohort of Spanish writers and artists, known loosely as the Generation of ’98, produced an outpouring of cultural creativity grappling with Spain’s new position.

    Some politicians and intellectuals drew on economic and cultural arguments to court descendants of Jews expelled from Spain in 1492, whom they viewed as having preserved the Spanish language, and thus providing a new source of influence in the Mediterranean region. Ultimately, the Spanish government issued a decree in 1924 that rendered these descendants eligible for citizenship – an offer it renewed from 2015-2021.

    Raquel Venitura and Moise Cohen were wed in Madrid in 1930, the first Hebrew marriage ceremony in Spain since the Inquisition.
    Bettmann via Getty Images

    Spanish intellectuals became the first to claim that Columbus was a Sephardic Jew, hoping to further elevate Spain’s status, in the wake of the losses of 1898, as the trailblazer of European civilization in the Americas. By World War I, scholar Celso Garcia de la Riega published a theory that not only some of Columbus’ crew had Spanish Jewish origins, but Columbus himself. Nobel Prize nominee Salvador de Madariaga endorsed the theory of Columbus’ Jewish origins in his 1940 book on Don Cristobal Colón.

    Crucial moment

    The rise of Nazism heightened discussion among American Jews about Columbus and brought Sephardic Jews themselves into the debate – hoping that a connection to the explorer would temper rising antisemitism.

    Sephardic Jews also hoped that if Columbus were recognized as one of their own, Ashkenazi Jews, the dominant Jewish group in the United States, would be more likely to treat them with respect. Sephardic Jews coming from the Ottoman Empire – one of the primary places their ancestors sought refuge after Spain – were often maligned as “uncivilized” and “uncultured” due to their associations with the Muslim world.

    As Spanish and Portuguese Jews were the first practicing Jews to come to the Americas, Sephardic Jews arriving from the Ottoman Empire at the turn of the 20th century hoped to hitch their story to the grandeur of the country’s first Jewish communities.

    In 1933, American Jewish writer Maurice David purported to offer Spanish archival evidence to demonstrate Columbus’ Spanish Jewish bona fides. While David was not Sephardic himself, the Sephardic Jewish community in New York advertised his book’s “sensational” claims in La Vara, a newspaper written in Ladino, the main Sephardic language, also called Judeo-Spanish.

    Sephardic men in Seattle, around 1918.
    University of Washington via Wikimedia Commons

    The most prominent Sephardic exponent of the theory was the former editor of La Amerika, the first Ladino newspaper published in the U.S. During the Second World War, Moise Gadol published a booklet in English called “Christopher Columbus was a Spanish-Jew.”

    Gadol sought to elevate the status of his own community of Jews from the Ottoman Empire. By demonstrating links to Columbus, he hoped that all Sephardic Jews – not only those early Spanish and Portuguese Jews who came to the Americas during the colonial period – would be associated with Europe rather than the “Orient,” and with being “white” rather than “brown.”

    Gadol also sought to exert pressure on the American public and government to loosen the quotas preventing Jews fleeing Nazi persecution from entering the United States. Two years before, in 1939, the government had rejected all 900 passengers aboard the SS St. Louis, who were forced to return to Europe – an infamous manifestation of the policy.

    Gadol’s dubious claims about Columbus, however, did not produce the desired results. Sephardic Jews continued to be marginalized within the broader American Jewish community. Meanwhile, immigration quotas based on nationality – in effect until 1965 – continued to prevent Jewish refugees from finding safe haven in the U.S.

    Then … and now

    A century ago, embracing Columbus – and the sweeping colonization he represents – was a way for marginalized immigrant groups to claim a sense of belonging as part of the dominant white caste in American society.

    Today, it provokes uncomfortable questions. especially claims about Columbus as a Jew. Fixating on his ancestry reinforces the racial blood logic of the Spanish Inquisition, according to which a person was considered Jewish or Muslim based on descent alone – to say nothing of the racial logic of Nazi Germany or the Jim Crow South.

    What’s more, the emphasis on Columbus’ personal genealogy distracts from the actual geopolitical forces at play, such as empire building and resource extraction, that propelled Europe’s conquest and mass violence.

    As discussions about antisemitism intensify in the U.S. and across the world, perhaps the idea that Columbus was “Jewish” – a conquistador who initiated the destruction of Indigenous peoples – only aggravates the problem.

    Devin Naar does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Debates about Columbus’ Spanish Jewish ancestry are not new − the claim was once a bid for social acceptance – https://theconversation.com/debates-about-columbus-spanish-jewish-ancestry-are-not-new-the-claim-was-once-a-bid-for-social-acceptance-242003

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

    January 25, 2025
  • MIL-OSI Global: Doctors are preoccupied with threats of criminal charges in states with abortion bans, putting patients’ lives at risk

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Sophie Bjork-James, Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Vanderbilt University

    The study took place in Tennessee, a state that has had a near-total ban on abortions since 2022. Anchiy/E+ via Getty Images

    Abortion bans are intended to reduce elective abortions, but they are also affecting the way physicians practice medicine.

    That is the key finding from our recently published article in the journal Social Science & Medicine.

    Medical providers practicing in states that implemented abortion bans in the wake of the 2022 Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Supreme Court decision are forced to balance the needs of their pregnant patients against the risk that the providers could be prosecuted for treating these patients. This dilemma has serious and far-reaching consequences.

    We interviewed 22 medical providers working in reproductive health care across Tennessee in the six months following the implementation of the state’s total abortion ban in 2022.

    Providers spoke with our team about the need to protect themselves from criminal liability and told us that they were increasingly hesitant to provide care that their patients needed.

    Why it matters

    A 2024 ProPublica investigation found that at least two women have died in Georgia as a result of being denied medical care stemming from the implementation of these abortion bans. Nearly all of our interviewees spoke about their fear that these kinds of deaths would happen.

    Providers told us that patients often believe that these bans include exceptions when the health of the pregnant person is at risk, but that is not always true in practice.

    In states with abortion bans, providers grapple with ensuring the health and autonomy of their patients while facing the looming threat of medical malpractice lawsuits and criminal liability.

    The Tennessee abortion ban allows for an “exception for situations where the abortion is necessary to prevent the death of a pregnant woman or prevent serious risk of substantial and irreversible impairment of major bodily function.”

    The problem is that such cases are rarely clear-cut. And the stakes for health care providers are very high. In certain states, including Tennessee, if they are found to have provided an abortion in a case where the mother’s life or health was not imminently at risk, they can face felony charges, which could include multiple years in prison.

    In interviews, providers described many cases where terminating a pregnancy is medically necessary for the pregnant person. Take cases of preterm premature membrane rupture, a condition where a pregnant person’s water breaks before 37 weeks of pregnancy. Serious complications can follow a premature membrane rupture, particularly in cases that do not result in the beginning of labor.

    The standard treatment for this condition is to induce labor in an effort to prevent such potential medical complications. However, if it is early on in a pregnancy and the fetus would likely not survive outside the womb, this treatment is now discouraged, as the law does not sufficiently clarify what interventions are allowed to protect the pregnant person.

    In many cases, the physical harm the pregnant person is experiencing correlates with the level of legal protection a medical provider receives.

    Although doctors are trained to follow best practices around health care treatment, fear of malpractice accusations leads to the widely documented practice of defensive medicine, cases where providers either over-administer testing or avoid risks in an effort to prevent malpractice lawsuits.

    Abortion bans make this dynamic far worse because they often involve the threat of criminal prosecution, which is not covered by malpractice insurance. This exposes providers to a new form of risk, one that is shaping how providers interact with patients and provide care.

    Our team calls this new form of defensive medicine “hesitant medicine.” Providers are forced to prioritize their own criminal legal protection over the well-being of their patients, so they hesitate to provide treatment that patients need. Hesitancy is exacerbated by bans that are ambiguous about when a provider can intervene during a pregnancy complication.

    What’s next

    It will take years before researchers have data showing the full picture of how abortion bans are affecting women’s reproductive health. However, our interviews show that these bans are already shaping how providers are treating pregnant people.

    A majority of our interviewees had considered moving to a state without an abortion ban to practice medicine with far less stress around the threat of criminal prosecution, a trend that is already occurring. Over time, this exodus of providers could exacerbate the problem of health care deserts in the United States.

    To mitigate some of this harm, more effort is needed from medical associations, employers and legislatures to clarify or revise the Tennessee “Human Life Protection Act” in a way that better protects women’s health.

    Sophie Bjork-James receives funding from the National Science Foundation.

    Anna-Grace Lilly and Isabelle Perry Newman do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    – ref. Doctors are preoccupied with threats of criminal charges in states with abortion bans, putting patients’ lives at risk – https://theconversation.com/doctors-are-preoccupied-with-threats-of-criminal-charges-in-states-with-abortion-bans-putting-patients-lives-at-risk-240524

    MIL OSI – Global Reports –

    January 25, 2025
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