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Category: United Nations

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Scaling up or losing steam? Parliamentarians debate the future of the SDGs

    Source: United Nations 2

    SDGs

    As the clock ticks toward 2030, parliamentarians gathered at UN Headquarters in New York on Thursday to assess the state of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) – and the verdict was anything but unanimous. 

    Amid deepening global debt, taxation disputes and a widening gap between ambition and action, tensions flared over how (and whether) the SDGs can still be salvaged.

    The meeting, themed Scaling up Action for the Sustainable Development Goals: Finance, Institutions and Politics, underscored the urgency of rebooting the 2030 Agenda.

    “We are far behind from where we need to be on almost every single one of the SDGs,” said President of the General Assembly Philémon Yang.

    With only 17 percent of SDG targets reportedly on track, the discussions revealed sharp divides over priorities and outlook.

    Some called for renewed commitment; others questioned whether the goals should be replaced entirely.

    Debt and development

    Debt emerged as a key sticking point, with countries like Malta and Morocco pointing to the “great difficulty” of accessing financial mechanisms designed to support SDG implementation. 

    The Benin delegate went further, arguing that global wealth remains unevenly distributed, requiring structural concessions for heavily indebted nations.

    But there was little consensus on solutions.

    Cyprus defended its tailored tax system, arguing that small service-based economies cannot afford high taxes without stunting growth essential to development.

    Meanwhile, Chile warned of the increasing use of tariffs as leverage in global decision-making, raising concerns about economic coercion in an already unequal system.

    US economist Jeffrey Sachs, a leading voice on global development, called for action based on “fundamental fairness”, emphasising that many developing nations bear no historical responsibility for climate change yet struggle to access funding for basic needs.

    “The money is there, believe me, it’s there” he said, “but it’s not flowing to the low income and lower middle-income countries right now.”

    Political will: Commitment or fatigue?

    Despite the financial hurdles, UN officials insisted that a lack of political will remains a fundamental barrier.

    Guy Ryder, Under-Secretary-General for Policy challenged the perception of weak national ownership of the SDGs, noting that while commitment exists, it has not translated into sufficient results.

    “17 percent doesn’t look like a pass rate,” he admitted. Nevertheless, “What would the figures have been like if there never had been the SDGs?  What would the world look like?”, he put to the room.

    Still, frustrations ran high. Some delegates questioned the effectiveness of existing frameworks.

    A delegate from Sweden called for replacing the SDGs with new, more relevant goals, arguing that the 17 goals agreed amid fanfare in 2015 had run their course.

    Morocco pushed back, warning that abandoning existing commitments before they are achieved would be futile. “We must achieve what we adopted in 2015,” the delegate stated.

    Nigeria offered a middle ground, suggesting a redesigned approach to align national interests with global multilateralism.

    Meanwhile, a parliamentarian from Qatar reflected on lessons from the SDGs’ predecessor, the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), noting that while many targets were unmet, they laid the groundwork for future progress.

    Where next for the SDGs?

    As the meeting wrapped up, it was clear that while the SDGs remain the most ambitious global development framework, the road ahead is fraught with challenges.

    National priorities continue to clash with multilateral ambitions and financial constraints risk derailing progress even further.

    But if there was one point of agreement, it was that inaction is not an option.

    As President of the Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) Tulia Ackson reminded delegates, “We must be willing to think less in terms of our own political interest and more in terms of the common good.”

    Citing Nelson Mandela, she added: “It always seems impossible until it’s done.”

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Syria: Thousands of displaced head home, but many refugees still wary

    Source: United Nations 2

    Humanitarian Aid

    More than 825,000 people who were displaced within Syria have returned to their areas of origin since December, the UN humanitarian affairs office, OCHA, said on Thursday. 

    The development comes as a recent survey of Syrian refugees in the region reveals that some 75 per cent of respondents have no plans to go back anytime soon.

    OCHA said movements out of displacement camps in Syria remain limited, with some 80,000 people departing from sites in the northwest since December and roughly 300 others leaving the Areesha camp in the northeast this past Tuesday.

    Nearly two million people remain displaced in the northwest, and many are living in overcrowded sites and fragile tents.  Among them are more than 615,000 who remain newly displaced across the country since fleeing their homes after 27 November.

    The date marked the start of a major offensive by opposition fighters against the Syrian Army and forces loyal to the Assad regime, which was overthrown some 10 days later.

    Winter weather support

    The UN and partners continue to provide assistance as conditions and funding allow, including winter aid to northern Syria, where the weather is particularly harsh at this time of the year.

    Partners have carried out emergency repairs of roads and sewage systems that were affected by past flooding in the northwest, while nine markets are currently being rehabilitated near displacement camps. 

    Since December, more than 260,000 children in Idleb and northern Aleppo have been supported with heaters, winter clothes and other aid, OCHA said.  Winter kits were also distributed to 500 children in Qamishli, in Al-Hasakeh governorate.

    Illnesses and infections on the rise

    During the same period, health partners have deployed mobile medical teams, provided mental health support, and reinforced facilities with heating and insulation, reaching 800,000 people in the northwest.

    They warn, however, of a significant rise in influenza-like illnesses and severe acute respiratory infections, which are causing further strain to the underfunded health sector. More than 100 health facilities in the northwest are out of funds since the start of the year.

    Humanitarians also sounded the alarm over the shortfall in funding for their operations to support 6.7 million Syrians through March.  Less than 10 per cent of the $1.2 billion needed has been received to date.

    Refugees return home

    Meanwhile, more than 270,000 Syrian refugees have returned home since early December, according to the UN refugee agency, UNHCR.

    A recent UNHCR survey of Syrian refugees across the region found that 27 per cent of respondents intend to return home within the next 12 months, compared to just 1.7 per cent prior to the fall of the Assad regime.

    The results show, however, that roughly three-quarters of Syrian refugees have no plans to go home in the next year and are instead waiting to see how the situation evolves.

    Currently 5.5 million Syrian refugees are living in Türkiye, Lebanon, Jordan, Iraq and Egypt.

    Factors affecting return

    The reasons why Syrian refugees are reluctant to return range from the lack of housing or access to their properties, concern over the security situation, the disruption to basic services, and economic challenges including a lack of jobs.

    UNHCR and partners are providing returnees and others in need with basic household items, repairs to damaged homes, emergency cash assistance, support to replace lost identity documents and psychological counselling, among other services.

    The agency is appealing for greater support from the international community to meet the immense needs. 

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: ‘No time to lose’ in Gaza, as ceasefire offers fragile respite

    Source: United Nations 2

    Humanitarian Aid

    The UN is racing against time to expand humanitarian relief and prepare for the monumental task of rebuilding Gaza, as a fragile ceasefire holds but tensions loom over a potential resumption of fighting.

    The UN is racing against time to expand humanitarian relief and prepare for the monumental task of rebuilding Gaza, as a fragile ceasefire holds but tensions loom over a potential resumption of fighting.

    “There is no time to lose,” said the head of the office responsible for UN reconstruction efforts (UNOPS), Jorge Moreira da Silva, during a briefing in New York via videolink from the Middle East, following his visit to Gaza this week.

    The devastation he witnessed was stark: “By one estimate, 40 million tons of debris and rubble were generated by the conflict, which will take years to remove.”

    While the ceasefire has allowed for a scale-up in humanitarian operations, Mr. Moreira da Silva underscored that the pause in hostilities is far from enough.

    “I reiterate the call for a permanent ceasefire and the release of all hostages without delay,” he stressed.

    Fuel and life-saving services

    UNOPS, which plays a pivotal role in Gaza’s humanitarian logistics and in many other crises where the UN is providing relief across the world, has dramatically increased fuel deliveries since the ceasefire began.

    Currently, 1.2 million litres are being supplied daily to sustain critical services such as hospitals, telecommunications equipment and bakeries.

    Visiting the European Hospital in the main southern city of Khan Younis close to the Egyptian border, Mr. Moreira da Silva heard firsthand accounts from doctors working under unimaginable conditions.

    There have been “surgeries without anaesthetic, post-surgery infections due to lack of antibiotics, infants dying due to the lack of electricity powering the incubators” and urgent cancer surgeries postponed for over a year, he recounted, describing the extreme pressures on Gaza’s health system.

    Prior to the war, UNOPS had installed hybrid solar systems at the hospital to provide a sustainable energy supply. But the systems have now been rendered inoperable – another casualty of the conflict.

    “As we look to recovery and reconstruction, this is a reminder about the crucial need to invest in renewable energy,” he said.

    Clearing the rubble

    Beyond fuel provision, UNOPS is engaged in crucial debris removal and mine action efforts to address the growing risk of unexploded ordnance

    The scale of the destruction poses a logistical and financial challenge likely to persist for years.

    “We are determined to stay and deliver for the people of Gaza,” Mr. Moreira da Silva said, emphasising that humanitarian access remains critical.

    “Rapid, unhindered, and safe passage for aid is non-negotiable,” he emphasised.

    Uncertain road ahead

    The spectre of renewed violence and the end of the fragile ceasefire, casts a shadow over recovery plans.

    The leadership of Hamas said on Thursday that they would stick to the hostage release timetable as originally agreed, after earlier accusing Israel of violating the terms of the ceasefire.  

    “We need to focus all efforts on avoiding a return to war, which would be an absolute tragedy,” said Mr. Moreira da Silva.

    The stakes are high, not only for Gaza’s immediate humanitarian relief but also for any future reconstruction effort. 

    Soundcloud

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Experts of the Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights Welcome Peru’s National Action Plan on Business and Human Rights, Ask about the High Percentage of the Workforce in the Informal Sector and Sexual Violence against Children in the Condorcanq

    Source: United Nations – Geneva

    The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights today concluded its review of the fifth periodic report of Peru, with Committee Experts welcoming the State’s adoption of a national action plan on business and human rights, while asking about the high percentage of the workforce in the informal sector and sexual violence against children in the Condorcanqui region.

    Michael Windfuhr, Committee Expert and Leader of the Taskforce for Peru, welcomed the State’s adoption of a national action plan on business and human rights, and the training it had provided for officials on business and human rights. 

    Karla Vanessa Lemus De Vásquez, Committee Vice-Chair and Member of the Taskforce for Peru, said the Committee was concerned that more than 70 per cent of the workforce, including 85 per cent of migrant workers, worked in the informal sector. The taxation system discouraged companies and workers from transitioning into the formal sector.  Would the State party amend tax provisions and promote the transition into the formal sector? 

    Santiago Manuel Fiorio Vaesken, Committee Expert and Member of the Taskforce for Peru, said it was concerning to receive reports of cases of systemic sexual abuse of children and adolescents by teachers, particularly in the Condorcanqui region, including more than 600 reported cases of sexual abuse.  What was being done to eliminate the systemic sexual abuse in this region and punish the perpetrators?  What was the State doing to guarantee access to justice for victims? What mechanisms were being developed to prevent such crimes and their recurrence?  What was the State doing to ensure oversight in schools? 

    Concerning the informal sector, the delegation said Peru had conducted awareness raising campaigns and provided training to public officials on migrants’ labour rights.  In addition, it had conducted activities to promote trade union rights, with a particular emphasis on the agricultural sector. There had been improvements in levels of formal employment between 2021 and 2023, thanks to a new law promoting the transition to the formal sector. 

    The delegation said the State wanted to ensure the cases in Condorcanqui were being appropriately investigated and punished.  The intersectoral plan of action for Condorcanqui was a guide to monitor progress to prevent and deal with sexual violence against children in the province. Teachers had been trained on sexual and reproductive health rights and health professionals had been recruited. A multisectoral roundtable had been held to tackle sexual violence against children in the Condorcanqui province. Teachers who had restraining orders could not teach in 2025.  Intercultural mediators had also been recruited to deal with the issue.  There was an investigation relating to the proceedings and cases submitted. 

    Luis Fernando Domínguez Vera, Director-General for Human Rights, Ministry of Justice and Human Rights of Peru and head of the delegation, introducing the report, said Peru was a democratic, social, independent and sovereign State committed to upholding human rights and democratic principles.  To advance the fight against poverty, the National Policy for Development and Social Inclusion 2030 was approved in 2022.  At the end of 2024, the “pension 65” programme granted protection to over 830,000 older adults in extreme poverty.  The draft national policy on indigenous peoples included regulations on prior consultation processes.  Designed in a participatory manner with national indigenous organizations, the policy promoted public services that would reduce inequality and generate social and economic development for the indigenous population.  The State reaffirmed its commitment to building a more just, inclusive, and equitable society. 

    In concluding remarks, Mr. Windfuhr thanked the delegation for the effort made during the dialogue.  The Committee would appreciate if the outcome of the constructive dialogue would be published in Peru and made available to all stakeholders.

    In his concluding remarks Mr. Domínguez Vera thanked the Committee for the constructive dialogue.  Peru had full respect for economic, social and cultural rights, particularly for those in vulnerable situations, and would aim to strengthen national efforts to achieve these rights under the Covenant. 

    The delegation of Peru was comprised of representatives from the Ministry of Justice and Human Rights, and the Permanent Mission of Peru to the United Nations Office at Geneva.

    The Committee’s seventy-seventh session is being held until 28 February 2025.  All documents relating to the Committee’s work, including reports submitted by States parties, can be found on the session’s webpage.  Webcasts of the meetings of the session can be found here, and meetings summaries can be found here.

    The Committee will next meet in public at 10 a.m. on Friday, 14 February to conclude its consideration of the seventh periodic report of the United Kingdom (E/C.12/GBR/7).

    Report

    The Committee has before it the fifth periodic report of Peru (E/C.12/PER/5).

    Presentation of Report

    LUIS FERNANDO DOMÍNGUEZ VERA, Director-General for Human Rights, Ministry of Justice and Human Rights of Peru and head of the delegation, said Peru was a democratic, social, independent and sovereign State committed to upholding human rights and democratic principles.  Approximately 99.8 per cent of inhabitants were currently covered by health insurance.  Non-resident foreigners diagnosed with HIV or tuberculosis were authorised to enrol for insurance. 

    To advance the fight against poverty, the National Policy for Development and Social Inclusion 2030 was approved in 2022.  At the end of 2024, the “pension 65” programme granted protection to over 830,000 older adults in extreme poverty.  The Cooperation Fund for Social Development had intervened in 573 population centres, financing development projects, and there were also other programmes providing monetary incentives to vulnerable households.  One programme benefited 1.5 million people in poverty in rural areas from 2019 to 2024, promoting access to health services, justice and development, financial inclusion, and education.

    To ensure the prevention of forced labour, a new protocol against forced labour was approved in 2023, which committed public institutions to a comprehensive and multisectoral approach to cases of forced labour with a victim-centred approach.  Since 2003, the National Steering Committee for the Prevention and Eradication of Child Labour had been working with public and private non-profit institutions on activities to prevent child labour.  The national policy for the prevention and eradication of child labour was also being formulated.  The child labour rate had been reduced by 5.8 percentage points from 2012 to 2023.

    To prevent gender-based violence, the Ministry of Health had carried out training workshops and counselling sessions to promote healthy cohabitation for couples, and as of 2024, had trained 155,600 health professionals on the subject.  As part of State nutritional programmes for pregnant women and children, half a million children aged up to 12 months and over 94,000 pregnant women were supported and around seven million home visits were made from February to November 2024.

    To reduce gaps in educational performance, a sectoral policy to strengthen intercultural and bilingual education was being drawn up. To address school dropouts, since 2012, bicycle kits had been distributed to the poorest educational institutions in rural areas, and an intervention was created in 2018 to support river transport in the Amazon area.  Both interventions benefitted more than 90,000 students.

    With regard to drinking water and sanitation services, the Government had implemented various strategies to reduce issues related to access, quality and sustainability of drinking water and sanitation services in the country.  The Ministry of Housing, Construction and Sanitation was developing two important drinking water, sewerage and wastewater treatment projects that would support access to these services for more than 83,000 people in Lima and Callo.  In July 2024, the State approved a roadmap towards a circular economy in drinking water and sanitation, which would promote the efficient use of drinking water and the reuse of wastewater.

    Peru remained firmly committed to becoming more sustainable. In 2024, environmentally friendly investment projects were launched in sectors such as mining, transportation, electricity, hydrocarbons, agriculture, sanitation and health. 

    The draft national policy on indigenous peoples included regulations on prior consultation processes.  Designed in a participatory manner with national indigenous organizations, the policy promoted public services that would reduce inequality and generate social and economic development for the indigenous population. Further, the “alert service against racism” guided citizens on actions to be taken in the face of discrimination and the recently approved “Peru without racism 2030” strategy aimed to improve procedures to guarantee citizens timely attention to cases of ethnic or racial discrimination.

    The State reaffirmed its commitment to building a more just, inclusive, and equitable society.  It had approved the National Multisectoral Human Rights Policy 2040, which aimed to achieve substantial progress in social inclusion and respect for human rights. The State would continue to work for the full exercise of economic, social and cultural rights for all people, with the national multisectoral human rights policy 2040 as a guide.  The State’s multisectoral efforts to eradicate inequality and discrimination and the dialogue with the Committee would allow Peru to continue to implement the Covenant efficiently.

    Questions by a Committee Expert

    MICHAEL WINDFUHR, Committee Expert and Leader of the Taskforce for Peru, said Peru’s Constitution covered economic, social and cultural rights in a comprehensive manner.  How often was the Covenant used in court rulings?  Were judges trained in Covenant rights?  How did economic, social and cultural rights inform policy making? How was the national human rights institution dealing with economic, social and cultural rights and related complaints?  Were rules regarding the election of the Ombudsman in line with the Paris Principles? Did the State party plan to ratify the individual complaints procedure for the Covenant and to revisit ratification of the Escazú Agreement?

    The Committee was concerned by repeated declarations of states of emergency by Peru, including in connection with social protests.  Also of concern was the frequent deployment of the armed forces during states of emergency and for domestic law and order tasks.  There were multiple reports of violent suppression of protesters and other human rights violations occurring at protests in 2020 and 2023.  What was the State party doing to prevent violence against and intimidation of protestors?  The State had been criticised for describing protests as “terrorist activities”, a severe step given Peru’s strict anti-terrorism legislation.  How did the State party plan to change discourse around protests?  What was the intention of the new law on the control of the finances of civil society organizations?

    Human rights defenders in Peru reportedly faced threats to their life and family, as well as intimidation and sanctions, particularly for activists protesting mining, oil, and agricultural projects.  There had been an increase in murders of indigenous community leaders defending their territories.  The Committee welcomed the State’s decision to finance an office to investigate abuse of human rights defenders.  How many attacks against human rights defenders, including environmental human rights defenders, had the State party recorded?  How would the State party prevent attacks against human rights defenders and delays in justice for victims?

    How did the State party ensure free, prior and informed consent from indigenous communities for development projects and protection for indigenous territories? Mr. Windfuhr welcomed the State’s adoption of a national action plan on business and human rights and the training it had provided for officials on business and human rights.  What were the sectors with the highest risks of human rights violations?  How did the State party monitor human rights impacts in the extractive and agricultural sectors?  What measures were in place to support small-scale indigenous farmers and indigenous peoples?

    The Committee welcomed the State party’s national climate change adaptation plan and disaster preparedness activities.  What progress had been made in meeting greenhouse gas emissions targets? Why had 38 new licences for the exploitation of hydrocarbons been granted?  How did the State party control the impact of deforestation activities and hydrocarbon spillages?  How did it assess its climate change adaptation projects?  Several legislative decrees from 2013 to 2015 had weakened environmental regulation and oversight, preventing the imposition of fines on polluting companies.  Were there plans to revise these?

    Public spending in health, education and sport had increased up to 2018.  How had spending progressed since then? Twenty-seven per cent of the population lived in poverty and five per cent in extreme poverty in 2022, compared to 20 and three per cent respectively in 2019.  The tax system reportedly did little to alleviate poverty.  How would the State party reform tax policies to reduce inequality and address poverty?  Around one per cent of the population held one-third of the State’s income.  How would the State party promote income equality and prevent corruption?

    The Committee welcomed efforts to promote respect for the rights of women, children, and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons through national action plans. Several plans had terminated in 2021; had they been renewed?  Was the State party planning new policies to sanction non-State actors that violated the rights of vulnerable groups?

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said Peru was a democratic State that respected human rights, and rejected allegations to the contrary.  It did not persecute persons who expressed their opinions freely.  The Inter-American Court of Human Rights had in 2024 noted the efforts that Peru had exerted to implement its recommendations related to the protection of the rights of protesters.  In December 2022, a multi-sectoral commission was set up to address the needs of wounded persons and the family members of persons who had died in protests.  An investigation had been carried out into incidents occurring during the 2022 and 2023 protests, and a directive had been developed to ensure appropriate human rights-based responses from the police to protests.  A human rights office had also been established in the police force.

    The procedure for electing the Ombudsman had not changed; it was determined by the Constitution.  The Constitution stipulated that all international instruments ratified by Peru could be applied directly by the justice system.  Peru was considering ratification of the Escazú Agreement.

    Peru had established an intersectoral mechanism for the protection of human rights defenders and a platform through which human rights defenders could make complaints.  Eight regional roundtables had been established on the protection of human rights defenders in areas in which they were active.

    As part of actions under the national action plan on business and human rights, the State had trained 197 public and private sector workers on business and human rights and had developed a training programme for trade unions.  Awareness raising campaigns on due diligence had also been developed.

    The COVID-19 pandemic had increased poverty rates in Peru.  The State party was collecting data to inform targeted policies to support vulnerable households.  A multi-sectoral committee and strategy aiming to reduce urban poverty had been established.  The Government was working to increase access to State services for low-income households. There were State benefits for early childhood, students, and households living in poverty.  The State had also implemented a programme promoting access to school feeding programmes.

    The “CONACOT” National Council on Discrimination was working to promote human rights and peaceful coexistence and assessing individual complaints related to discrimination.  Awareness raising campaigns had been carried out to eliminate discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons.  The Council had developed a platform for reporting discrimination and monitoring follow-up to cases.

    Follow-Up Questions by Committee Experts

    Committee Experts asked follow-up questions on plans to address threats against human rights defenders from private actors; plans to develop a general anti-discrimination law; whether the State party had a system for monitoring recommendations from the treaty bodies; the contributions that civil society had made to the State party’s report; the standards in place to guarantee the right to free, prior and informed consent for indigenous peoples; steps taken by the Government to combat illegal mining, which had allegedly destroyed 30,000 hectares of forest and leaked large volumes of mercury into the Amazon River; measures to regularise the mining sector and ensure that legislative reforms did not promote impunity for illegal miners; progress made in implementing the national policy for persons with disabilities; reasons why the budget for supporting persons with disabilities had been reduced; barriers to promoting the rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons; and plans to close down the Ministry for Women.

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said Peru had a law against acts of discrimination, which imposed punishments for perpetrators of such acts. All public policies and programmes promoted inclusion and the redistribution of wealth.  The Ministry for Justice and Human Rights included a body that followed up on recommendations from human rights protection bodies, and a national digital platform had been set up to manage and monitor responses to these recommendations.  There were national standards for free, prior and informed consent and judicial remedies were available in cases of violations of citizens’ rights.

    Job centres matched job seekers’ skills to employers’ needs.  Economic incentives and a range of other policies were in place to promote access to employment, including self-employment, for young persons living in poverty.

    The Government had yet to decide whether to merge the Ministry of Women with other ministries.  Whether or not the merger took place, the State would continue to implement this ministry’s mandate.

    Questions by a Committee Expert

    KARLA VANESSA LEMUS DE VÁSQUEZ, Committee Vice-Chair and Member of the Taskforce for Peru, asked whether the State party had updated the national action plan on forced labour and related strategies.  What measures were in place to strengthen the capacity of the National Commission on Forced Labour?  Current measures were reportedly not sufficient for promoting the inclusion of persons with disabilities into formal employment.  There were no sanctions for companies that did not respect disability quotas.  What measures were in place to provide training on reasonable accommodation and ensure that workplaces were accessible?

    The Committee was concerned that more than 70 per cent of the workforce, including 85 per cent of migrant workers, worked in the informal sector.  The taxation system discouraged companies and workers from transitioning into the formal sector.  Would the State party amend tax provisions and promote the transition into the formal sector?  Temporary contracts could be renewed for up to five years for an unlimited number of times. Were there plans to reform legislation on temporary contracts to limit their use?

    What criteria were used to establish and update the minimum wage?  What measures had the State party taken to ensure appropriate oversight of the informal sector to prevent adolescents from engaging in dangerous work?  How was the Government promoting trade union representation and informing workers about trade union rights?  What sectors were restricted from engaging in strikes?  How did the State party ensure effective protection from reprisals for strikers?

    How did the State party ensure that social services had sufficient resources?  The International Labour Organization had called for a comprehensive protection system for the unemployed.  What progress had been made on its implementation?

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said reports on the implementation of annual disability policies had been published by the State, including in Easy Read format.  There were State programmes in place promoting persons with disabilities’ access to employment.  A forum had been set up that displayed job information tailored to persons with disabilities, and job fairs for persons with disabilities were also held in various regions.  The State party provided training to public officials and private sector employers on promoting the inclusion of persons with disabilities in workplaces and providing reasonable accommodation.

    The State party had conducted awareness raising campaigns and provided training to public officials on migrants’ labour rights.  In addition, it had conducted activities to promote trade union rights, with a particular emphasis on the agricultural sector.  There had been improvements in levels of formal employment between 2021 and 2023, thanks to a new law promoting the transition to the formal sector.  Since 2021, the Directorate for the Settlement of Labour Disputes had conducted 213 interventions to settle disputes between employers and employees. There had been 17 trade unions established in the agricultural sector since 2021.  Around 540,000 workers in Peru were affiliated with a union; affiliation with unions was voluntary.

    The State party was drafting a new policy aimed at the eradication of forced labour and it hoped to conclude these efforts in coming weeks.  Peru had developed three national action plans on combatting forced labour, the most recent of which ended in 2022.  This plan had had a positive impact, with over 70 per cent of its measures having been effectively implemented.  A national day for the eradication of forced labour had been established, and data collection on forced labour had been strengthened. Outreach on preventing forced labour was conducted nationally.

    Questions by Committee Experts

    Committee Experts asked follow-up questions on the number of people benefitting from programmes promoting employment of persons with disabilities; measures to resolve wage disputes involving persons with disabilities; disaggregated data on access to social services in the State party; plans to reform the pension system to make it more sustainable and to guarantee a minimum income for all older persons; measures to protect workers in the mining industry from acts of violence and intimidation; measures to ensure the traceability of illegally mined gold, prevent illegal mining, and provide remedies for harms caused; how the labour inspection system addressed the situation in remote areas; and protections for workers in the illegal mining sector.

    LUDOVIC HENNEBEL, Committee Vice-Chair and Member of the Taskforce for Peru, asked about measures to guarantee access to protection and justice services for women victims of violence.  To what extent had protective legislation been implemented?  Why were acts of femicide and domestic violence still prevalent in the State party despite legislative developments?  What measures were in place to tackle systemic sexual violence in schools, particularly in rural areas?

    How would the State party effectively implement the prohibition of child marriage and make all such unions void?  How would it tackle de-facto unions?  What measures were in place to combat child labour in agricultural and mining sectors?

    Was the State party planning to bolster protections against forced evictions?  There was a clear disparity between social classes in terms of access to housing.  How would the State party address this?  How was it supporting access to water infrastructure in rural areas and preventing the contamination of water sources by extractive industries? Around 31 per cent of the population was exposed to heavy metal pollution in water sources.  What measures were in place to combat overexploitation of natural resources by extractive industries?

    What programmes were in place to combat malnutrition?  How did the State ensure that indigenous communities could benefit from food distribution programmes?  How was the Government tackling child malnutrition and anaemia? What measures were in place to bolster the national healthcare system, particularly in rural areas, and to combat the shortage of pharmaceutical products?  How was the State party supporting access to quality mental health services in rural areas and preventing suicides, tackling HIV infections in indigenous communities, and combatting discrimination against persons suffering from HIV?  How was it supporting access to contraception and abortions and preventing obstetric violence?  What support systems were available for girls who were victims of rape and incest?

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said in 2024, the Congress presented a bill to adapt the scope of Peruvian sign language and ensure public and private entities would provide for it. This was being carried out to enhance the implementation of Peruvian sign language. 

    Persons who were self-employed were included in the informal economy.  The Ministry of Labour undertook different activities to ensure the self-employed could transit to a formal economy.  Guidelines had been adopted to strengthen the production of formal and decent self-employment to guide actions to promote self-employment at all levels of Government. 

    The General Directorate of Employment had been looking at adolescents who worked for others to ensure decent working conditions for them and avoid the worst forms of child labour.  The State had a model to identify and eradicate child labour.  Peru dealt with cases identified in different authority areas. When it came to monitoring and oversight of children engaged in dangerous jobs, the National Labour Inspectorate had a special unit for child and forced labour.  This meant there was detailed supervision by this unit that carried out investigations and checks to determine if any children or adolescents were involved in dangerous jobs. 

    Educational programmes were being implemented in rural areas, including a programme for secondary education with only part-time attendance.  Another part-time educational programme was in place to promote the development of communities through different learning models. National legislation on union rights was in line with what was established with international fora, including the International Labour Organization.  The Labour Inspection Unit had the ability and resources to ensure the existence of the right to strike, pursuant to Peruvian law and international standards.  The Labour Inspectorate Service carried out monitoring and oversight activities to protect the rights of workers.  The unit had made a significant step in putting in place the Trade Union Rights Unit. This team included inspectors who had specific training on cases relating to the right to strike. 

    Around 2,331 persons with disabilities were registered in the job centre of the Ministry of Labour in 2024 and 1,724 persons obtained an employment certificate. In 2024, the National Council for Persons with Disabilities investigated 105 public entities and 103 sanctions were issued due to non-compliance with the employment quotas.  Around 90.7 per cent of the population had reported as having some kind of health insurance, with the figures being higher in rural areas. 

    It was difficult to access some of the most remote areas in the country.  In these cases, a system of documentary checks was used to allow inspections to be carried out without physical visits. There was a database of indigenous communities, including qualitative and geographical information.  This allowed different levels of Government to implement public policies for indigenous peoples and guarantee their rights. 

    Between 2017 and 2018, Peru changed its approach to combat corruption.  Instead of doing this retroactively, it was now part of the comprehensive policy for integrity and combatting corruption.  There were specialised prosecutors to deal with the scourge of corruption, and these cases were conducted independently, including in the cases of public officials.   

    A specialised justice system had been created in 2018 to punish any acts of violence against women by members of their families.  Violence against women and girls had reached its most acute stage, which meant the need to adopt differentiated approaches.  During the pandemic, a legislative decree was passed to guarantee protection measures to victims of gender-based violence.  Several instruments had been passed to support women victims of violence.  The Peruvian State would continue to try and tackle violence against women head on.

    There were 60 services under the public prosecutor’s service, 25 of which were connected to legal aid under the specialised justice system.  Numerous steps had been implemented to address the issue of femicides.  One of the main leaps forward was the implementation of the national system of justice for protection.  Furthermore, the Ministry of Women and Vulnerable Populations had a direct link to victims of femicide and their family members through the support centres which had been created to tackle emergency situations. Steps had been taken to try and establish support campaigns for victims of femicide within these centres.  A mobile application provided information on services for gender-based violence and could be used to privately contact a platform for help and share location to trusted contacts.  Medical and psychological assistance was provided to child victims of femicide on an individual and monthly basis. 

    The Peruvian State was committed to reducing the levels of social tolerance to victims of violence in Peru. The high levels of violence against children in the Amazonas region was a priority for the State, and there were multiple challenges in this regard.  Since August 2024, the State had adopted the plan to address sexual abuse against children and adolescents in the Condorcanqui in the Amazonas area; 607 teachers had reports of sexual violence levied against them.  In 2022, a pact was introduced for indigenous youth, which included specific activities for implementation in the Amazonas area. In 2024, training was carried out for indigenous women to enhance their leadership and organizational skills. 

    The State had adopted a law to prohibit the marriage of children.  Any minor had the ability to request the annulment of a marriage contracted prior to the law entering into force.  There were no registered cases of child marriage. 

    A decree had been approved promulgating a social housing rule.  The law on buildings in rural areas had been amended, and the building of social housing was promoted to make up for the housing shortages.  Progress had been made in recent years, in water and sanitation, including decreasing the gap between rural and urban areas. 

    Questions by Committee Experts

    LUDOVIC HENNEBEL, Committee Vice-Chair and Member of the Taskforce for Peru, asked for more information about activities relating to illegal mining and deforestation.  Corruption could have a significant impact relating to the implementation of all public policies.  What challenges did the State face when combatting corruption?  What measures were being taken to combat corruption? 

    MICHAEL WINDFUHR, Committee Expert and Leader of the Taskforce for Peru, said corruption was a major issue when it came to land transfers.  How was the State able to control corruption in these cases?  How could labour rights be controlled everywhere if officials could not travel there? How did the written submissions work? 

    SANTIAGO MANUEL FIORIO VAESKEN, Committee Expert and Member of the Taskforce for Peru, said more than 300 persons of Peruvian nationality were being detained in the United States, awaiting deportation.  A growing number of Peruvian nationals had been deported already and others were leaving the country.  What measures had the Government put in place to receive these persons and re-include them in society? 

    An Expert asked how the system was monitored to ensure the water supply complied with national standards, considering the difficult geographic conditions mentioned? 

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said there was a legislative framework which had been harmful to economic, cultural and social rights.  Peru was a sovereign State which respected international human rights law. Standards and rules were approved via a legislative process befitting of a democratic State.  If there were any rules which ran counter to any treaty or agreement, they could be called into question.  There was a national oversight mechanism. 

    The Government was fighting corruption head on.  There had been a change of approach in the State to a preventive approach, and there was now a special unit on corruption which guided national policy in this area.  The geography of Peru meant that the State was dealing with certain idiosyncrasies.

    Illegal mining was a crime defined in Peru’s Legal Code.  Small-scale mining was being formalised and there was an associated extraordinary process and specific decrees which defined this activity as one taken in a non-prohibited area.  Peru currently had a health directive and multisectoral plan to deal with people who had been exposed to heavy metals and other toxins.  Steps had been taken to identify the early steps of lead poisoning within the community.  Peru guaranteed the exercise of consultation and there was a technical body specialised in this area; 98 prior consultation processes applying these provisions had been held. 

    There had been a significant increase in cases of mental health since 2018.  Steps had been taken to ensure harmonious cohabitation and avoid inter-family violence.  In Peru, domestic violence was a major problem, and as such psychological support was being provided to victims of violence.  Steps were also being taken to create safe environments to prevent risk, and roll out campaigns for girls and women in the field of mental health.  The State rolled out a multisectoral plan to prevent teenage pregnancy, which had yielded significant results.  A technical guide had been developed for therapeutic abortion before 22 weeks. 

    There was a group that contacted nationals who had been deported under the migration policy of the United States to ensure they were provided with basic services. 

    Questions by a Committee Expert

    SANTIAGO MANUEL FIORIO VAESKEN, Committee Expert and Member of the Taskforce for Peru, asked for details on public spending in 2024 and plans for 2025 earmarked for education?  There had been reports of a drop in the quality of education in Peru.  What measures had the State taken to reverse the deterioration in levels of reading among primary school students?  Recently, the Ministry of Education through its website revealed more than 19,000 cases of violence reported in schools.  What specific measures was the State planning to take in this regard?  Were there protocols or procedures in place to respond to these cases? 

    It was concerning to receive reports of cases of systemic sexual abuse of children and adolescents by teachers, particularly in the Condorcanqui region, including more than 600 reported cases of sexual abuse.  What was being done to eliminate the systemic sexual abuse in this region and to punish the perpetrators?  What was the State doing to guarantee access to justice for victims?  What mechanisms were being developed to prevent such crimes and their recurrence?  What was the State doing to ensure oversight in schools? 

    The Committee was aware of the prohibition of using pupils in the education system to promote any political beliefs and aims.  How was it guaranteed that teachers did not politically manipulate pupils? Were teacher salaries in Peru competitive?  How did they compare to the minimum or average wage in Peru?  There had been public criticism about the school meal programme, Qalia Warma, including that children did not receive enough nutrients. There had been cases of using horse meat instead of meat, offal, and food which was mouldy or contained vermin faeces.  Would there be changes made to this service?  How was the distribution of these foods monitored?  Had the State identified the companies which provided the substandard foods?  Did they still hold contracts with them?  What steps had been taken to ensure accountability of the State authorities responsible?  What would be done to ensure that this did not happen in the future?   

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said the State of Peru rejected all forms of violence, particularly against children.  The State wanted to ensure the cases in Condorcanqui were being appropriately investigated and punished.  The intersectoral plan of action for Condorcanqui was a guide to monitor progress, to prevent and deal with sexual violence against children in the province. Teachers had been trained on sexual and reproductive health rights and health professionals had been recruited. Sampling of HIV and syphilis had been carried out in more than 30 indigenous communities.  There were 18 local authority protection networks in place. 

    The feeding programme provided food to 18 residential facilities and more than 30,000 students benefitted in the Condorcanqui province.  The State provided technical assistance to operators working in rural areas.  Care had been provided to 100 communities that benefitted from a mobile justice system. A multisectoral roundtable had been held to tackle sexual violence against children in the Condorcanqui province. Teachers who had restraining orders could not teach in 2025.  Intercultural mediators had also been recruited to deal with the issue.  There was an investigation relating to the proceedings and cases submitted. 

    In 2025, there was a planned budget for education for over 49 billion Solis.  In 2022, steps had been taken to close the digital gap in rural and urban areas in primary and secondary schools.  Mobile educational material and digital content gave teachers and students the opportunity to learn in different contexts. 

    Punishment had been issued for workers who had allegedly been involved in corruption in the Qali Warma school food programme.  Reports had been lodged with the prosecution service to ensure legal steps were taken against workers and providers.  Those who had breached agreements were to be held to account. There was a focus to prevent corruption and there were channels to report this. 

    Questions by a Committee Expert

    SANTIAGO MANUEL FIORIO VAESKEN, Committee Expert and Member of the Taskforce for Peru, asked if justice settings provided translation in the original languages of Peru?  To what extent could parents have influence in the drafting of the school curriculum? What measures was the State offering to provide comprehensive sexual reproductive education? 

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said there were hubs where culturally sensitive advice was provided free of charge.  There were more than 600 cultural hubs throughout the country.  Programmes had been launched at schools to prevent teenage pregnancies. 

    Closing Remarks

    MICHAEL WINDFUHR, Committee Expert and Leader of the Taskforce for Peru, thanked the delegation for the effort made during the dialogue.  The Committee’s concluding observations aimed to provide constructive feedback.  The Committee would appreciate if the outcome of the constructive dialogue would be published in Peru and made available to all stakeholders.  It was important for the State to reduce fear and complications around civil society to improve the outcome on economic, social and cultural rights. 

    LUIS FERNANDO DOMÍNGUEZ VERA, Director-General for Human Rights, Ministry of Justice and Human Rights of Peru and head of the delegation, thanked the Committee for the constructive dialogue.  Peru was a democratic State that respected the rule of law and allowed anyone to express their beliefs.  Peru had full respect for economic, social and cultural rights, particularly for those in vulnerable situations, and would aim to strengthen national efforts to achieve these rights under the Covenant.

     

    Produced by the United Nations Information Service in Geneva for use of the media; 
    not an official record. English and French versions of our releases are different as they are the product of two separate coverage teams that work independently.

     

    CESCR25.003E

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Experts of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women Praise Sri Lanka’s Action Plan on Women, Peace and Security, Ask about Legislation on Child Marriage and Domestic Violence

    Source: United Nations – Geneva

    The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women today concluded its consideration of the ninth periodic report of Sri Lanka, with Committee Experts praising the State’s national action plan on women, peace and security, and raising questions about the Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act, which permitted child marriage, and domestic violence.

    One Committee Expert said the national action plan on women, peace and security was a positive step in addressing the needs of women in conflict.  Were there plans to conduct a mid-term assessment of the plan?

    Yamila González Ferrer, Committee Expert and Country Rapporteur for Sri Lanka, said that the Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act was amended in 2022, but there were still concerns about elements of the law.  Were there plans to further amend the law, including to ban child marriage?

    Another Committee Expert said at least one in five women in Sri Lanka had experienced violence from an intimate partner, and many did not report it.  What was the timeline for adopting proposed amendments to the Prevention of Domestic Violence Act?  What protections were provided to women victims of violence?

    Introducing the report, Saroja Savitri Paulraj, Minister of Women and Child Affairs of Sri Lanka and head of the delegation, said the Sri Lankan Government was committed to upholding the rights of women and girls and advancing gender equality.  This review held particular significance, as it was the country’s first engagement with an international human rights treaty body since the presidential and parliamentary elections of 2024.

    Ms. Paulraj said Sri Lanka’s first national action plan for women, peace and security for 2023 to 2027 had been launched.  The Government was committed to realising the full promise of the women, peace and security agenda.  The delegation added that the action plan addressed displacement, and women’s protection, security and participation in peacebuilding.  The State party was planning to conduct a review of the implementation of the action plan.

    On the Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act, the delegation said the Government had conducted consultations regarding its amendment.  It was trying to strike a balance between women’s and children’s rights and cultural rights.  Ms. Paulraj added that the Women’s Parliamentary Caucus had suggested setting a minimum age for marriage and establishing a multi sectoral committee to address this issue.

    On domestic violence, the delegation said the Prevention of Domestic Violence Act had been amended; the amended Act would come into force this year.  The Assistance to Victims Act underlined the rights of victims to be treated with respect and privacy, and to request legal, medical and psychosocial assistance.  A toll-free hotline operated by female officers was available for reporting domestic violence.

    In closing remarks, Ms. Paulraj said the Sri Lankan Government had undertaken significant efforts to strengthen women’s empowerment.  It was fully committed to addressing the issues that women faced in the State and would continue to engage with the Committee constructively.

    In her concluding remarks, Nahla Haidar, Committee Chair, said that the State party had shared candidly and transparently the progress made and difficulties it was facing.  She commended the State party for its efforts and encouraged it to implement the Committee’s recommendations for the benefit of all Sri Lankan women and girls.

    The delegation of Sri Lanka consisted of representatives from the Ministry of Women and Child Affairs; Attorney General’s Department; Sri Lanka Police; Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Foreign Employment and Tourism; and the Permanent Mission of Sri Lanka to the United Nations Office at Geneva.

    The Committee will issue the concluding observations on the report of Sri Lanka at the end of its ninetieth session on 21 February.  All documents relating to the Committee’s work, including reports submitted by States parties, can be found on the session’s webpage.  Meeting summary releases can be found here.  The webcast of the Committee’s public meetings can be accessed via the UN Web TV webpage.

    The Committee will next meet at 10 a.m. on Friday, 14 February to consider the sixth periodic report of Liechtenstein (CEDAW/C/LIE/6).

    Report

    The Committee has before it the ninth periodic report of Sri Lanka (CEDAW/C/LKA/9).

    Presentation of Report

    SAROJA SAVITRI PAULRAJ, Minister of Women and Child Affairs of Sri Lanka and head of the delegation, said the Sri Lankan Government was committed to upholding the rights of women and girls and advancing gender equality.  This review held particular significance, as it was the country’s first engagement with an international human rights treaty body since the presidential and parliamentary elections of 2024 and the formation of the new Government in Sri Lanka.  Sri Lanka was proud to have a member from Sri Lanka in the Committee, Rangita de Silva de Alwis.  Her contribution to this Committee’s work was highly appreciated.

    Ms. Paulraj said she was the first Tamil Member of Parliament elected from the Southern Province, which had a predominantly Sinhala community.  Women’s representation in Sri Lanka’s Parliament had risen from 4.8 to 9.7 per cent with the election of 22 female members in November 2024.  These women included individuals from the working class and marginalised communities, including, for the first time in history, two women from the Malayaga community. 

    Sri Lanka was proud to have its third female Prime Minister, Dr. Harini Amarasuriya.  One of the Government’s key electoral pledges had been to ensure the equal representation of women in Government. Appointing a woman to the post of Deputy Chairman of Committees of Parliament for the first time was another milestone.  The Sri Lankan judiciary also had a high percentage of women at senior levels. Thirty-two per cent of Ambassadors in Sri Lanka were women.  Across all levels of Sri Lanka’s diplomatic service, women were in the majority. During the reporting period, Sri Lanka Police appointed four female Deputy Inspectors General of Police and the first female Director of the Criminal Investigation Department.  Many women had been appointed to the Government’s decision-making councils, commissions and boards.

    The Government had made a policy commitment to reduce the burden of unpaid care work for women. Women played a crucial role in driving the economy in Sri Lanka, with their contributions being essential in generating income across key sectors.  Women made up most of the workforce in industries such as garments, plantations, and as migrant workers.  For the first time, a woman had been appointed as the Chairperson of the Sri Lankan Apparel Exporters Association in the corporate sector.

    The Government had introduced several initiatives to support economic recovery and empower citizens, particularly focusing on women and youth.  One notable proposal was the establishment of a new development bank aimed at providing new entrepreneurs, including rural and disadvantaged women, with loans without the requirement for collateral.  The Sri Lanka Women’s Bureau was the national mechanism implementing projects and programmes for the social and economic development of women from national to grassroots level.

    The Women Empowerment Act of 2024 introduced mechanisms to give effect to the obligations undertaken by Sri Lanka in relation to the Convention, and defined women’s right to equality and non-discrimination.  A key component of this Act was to establish an independent National Commission on Women, and to provide provisions for the appointment of a Woman Ombudsperson on ensuring women’s rights and setting up a National Fund for Women. 

    The Land Development (Amendment) Act of 2022 had brought in provisions to ensure gender equality and non-discrimination in land inheritance.  The Women’s Parliamentary Caucus had suggested setting a minimum age for marriage and establishing a multi sectoral committee to address this issue.

    Addressing sexual and gender-based violence was a key priority for the Government.  It would establish mechanisms to prioritise and expedite the resolution of cases involving sexual offences against women and minors, ensuring that victims received timely redress.  The progress review of the first national action plan to address sexual and gender-based violence for the period 2016-2020 found a 70 per cent level of implementation.  Thereafter, a second plan for the period 2024-2028 was launched in 2024.  This plan focused on prevention programmes in schools, places of work, and community-based initiatives, as well as programmes on engaging men to address gender-based violence. 

    Children and Women Desks had been newly established in police stations, and the Government would also double the allocation for 2025 for the establishment and expansion of shelter homes for women.

    Sri Lanka’s first national action plan for women, peace and security for 2023 to 2027 had been launched.  The action plan was developed through an inclusive process of broad consultations with survivors of conflict and vulnerable women and children.  The Government was committed to realising the full promise of the women, peace and security agenda. 

    Technology-facilitated gender-based violence was another pressing challenge that Sri Lanka was facing.  The Government was working to implement stronger laws and policies to protect individuals from privacy violations, online stalking, and hate speech.  Sri Lanka was a party to the Budapest Convention on Cybercrime, which focused on addressing online and technology-facilitated violence against women.  The Online Safety Act of 2024 aimed to protect the vulnerable sections of the society in line with international standards.

    Sri Lanka was committed to upholding human rights, gender equality, and social justice.  Its foremost priority was to ensure that no one was left behind.  Sri Lankan women had been active participants in the country’s development agenda and the Government was committed to addressing existing challenges and supporting women to carry out this role.

    Questions by Committee Experts

    YAMILA GONZÁLEZ FERRER, Committee Expert and Country Rapporteur for Sri Lanka, said that Sri Lanka’s Constitution established that all persons had the right to live free from discrimination. However, this was not yet a reality. Sri Lanka was in the process of drafting a new Constitution.  Were there plans to incorporate the rights of women and girls into the Constitution? Proposals had been made to reform criminal laws to remove discriminatory provisions affecting women related to marriage. What progress had been made in this regard?

    The national human rights institution had “A” status under the Paris Principles.  What actions had it implemented to protect women’s rights? Were its complaints mechanisms effective?  Were there plans to update the national action plan on human rights?  There were several obstacles limiting the capacity of the judicial system to protect women affected by sexual and gender-based violence and domestic violence.  How was the State party strengthening the judiciary and reducing trial times?

    The death penalty was legal in Sri Lanka.  Although there was a de facto moratorium in place, courts continued to sentence women to death, often not considering mitigating circumstances such as gender-based violence.  Could the State party provide data on women sentenced to death?  Had the Convention been invoked before the courts?

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said that the Constitution guaranteed the right to non-discrimination.  Violations of fundamental rights could be brought before the Supreme Court, which had drawn reference to the Convention in some of its determinations.  In one case, it had held that equality could be seriously impaired when women were subjected to workplace gender-based violence.  The Women’s Commission was mandated to introduce mechanisms to give effect to Convention obligations.

    There were several mechanisms in place facilitating access to justice.  The Legal Commission of Sri Lanka provided free legal services to citizens who had incomes of less than 40,000 rupees.  This threshold did not apply for cases of a domestic nature. The Human Rights Commission and the Women’s Commission were empowered to receive complaints related to human rights violations directly from victims, investigate the matter, and make recommendations.  Financial assistance and counselling were provided to women victims of violence. The Prevention of Domestic Violence Act allowed for victims to make complaints directly to the police.

    Sri Lanka had maintained a moratorium on the death penalty since 1978.  The Supreme Court had intervened in the past to prevent the death penalty from being carried out.  A recent amendment to the Penal Code increased the minimum age from which the death penalty could be applied from 16 to 18 years.

    Many efforts had been made to implement the Committee’s previous concluding observations.  The Government had established a coordinating committee to follow-up on the Committee’s concluding observations, in collaboration with civil society.  In 2022, legislation on marriage and divorce was amended to remove all provisions permitting the marriage of a minor with parents’ permission. Legislation on inheritance had also been revised to remove its gender components.

    Questions by Committee Experts 

    YAMILA GONZÁLEZ FERRER, Committee Expert and Country Rapporteur for Sri Lanka, said that the Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act was amended in 2022, but there were still concerns about elements of the law addressing abortion and rape.  Were there plans to further amend the law?  Was work underway to ensure that authorities could mainstream a gender perspective in measures promoting access to justice?

    Another Committee Expert congratulated the Government on appointing a woman Prime Minister.  Ms. de Silva’s contributions enriched the Committee. The national action plan on women, peace and security was a positive step in addressing the needs of women in conflict.  However, challenges remained in this field.  Were there plans to conduct a mid-term assessment of the plan?  How would the Government ensure accountability for past conflict-related gender-based violence and ensure the rights of victims to protest and mourn publicly?

    Non-governmental organizations faced financial and regulatory obstructions.  How would the State party support women human rights defenders and remove restrictions on the activities of civil society?

    One Committee Expert welcomed measures for increasing the political representation of women, but said the Committee was concerned by the low level of representation of women in public and private life.  She commended the quota of 25 per cent representation for local government bodies, but said this was not in line with the Committee’s recommendation of 50 per cent representation.  The Expert further commended an initiative to enhance the incomes of women in the agricultural sector.  Had this initiative been successful?  What affirmative actions had been implemented in other sectors?

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said the Government had conducted consultations regarding the Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act.  It was trying to strike a balance between women’s and children’s rights and cultural rights, and was working to ensure that the law reflected the views of the people.  There was constant training of police officers and the judiciary on the Convention.  Persons who caused a woman to miscarry, except to save the life of the woman, were punished, but the Government was considering legal amendments in this regard.

    Sri Lanka’s civil society had made important contributions to the protection of human rights.  The window in which civil society could challenge bills had been extended from seven to 14 days.  Freedom of expression, speech and assembly were protected in the Constitution. The Government was committed to protecting the freedom of expression of civil society.  It had simplified administrative requirements for registering non-governmental organizations.  Regulatory measures were needed to prevent non-governmental organizations from engaging in money laundering and financing of terrorism. Complaints could be made regarding infringements of the rights of human rights defenders to the Supreme Court, the National Police Commission, the Women’s Ombudsperson, and the Human Rights Commission, which had produced guidelines on the protection of human rights defenders.

    Women were selected to leadership roles on public bodies on merit.  Their representation was improving.  Sri Lanka had had the world’s first woman Prime Minister.  There was no quota for appointments to roles in the public sector, but over 50 per cent of prosecutors were women.  The Government had conducted several awareness raising campaigns encouraging women’s participation in public life.  Diploma programmes were developed to train women to participate in political roles, and a forum had been held to advocate for increased representation of women in trade unions.  Leadership courses had been held for minority women.  Women’s representation in local government had risen to 25 per cent in 2018, thanks to the quota enacted in 2017.  The Government aimed to increase the representation of women in Parliament and provincial councils to 30 per cent.

    The women, peace and security action plan addressed displacement, and women’s protection, security and participation in peacebuilding.  A steering committee had been established to implement the plan and make policy recommendations.  The State party was planning to conduct a review of the implementation of the action plan.

    The Government was developing a truth and reconciliation process that had the people’s trust.  The Office for Reparations had reviewed more than 6,000 complaints, tracing around 180 missing persons and helping over 4,000 families to access remedies.  Investigation results were accessible to the public.  The national reparations policy was tabled in Parliament in 2022.  It included provisions for memorialisation. The Office provided livelihood support, land rights, housing, psychosocial support and measures to prevent violence.  Payments had been provided for over 11,000 individuals across various categories. An independent body had also been established to conduct investigations into historic violations.

    Questions by Committee Experts 

    A Committee Expert congratulated Sri Lanka on having the first female Prime Minister in the world and on electing its third female Prime Minister.  The State party needed to consider temporary special measures such as quotas to improve women’s representation in various fields.  Would the State party increase its 25 per cent quota for Parliament and other bodies?

    Another Committee Expert said gender stereotypes perpetuated inequalities in Sri Lanka.  What actions had been taken by the State party to promote gender equality in school curricula and tackle gender stereotypes? What was the timeline for amending the Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act to ban child marriage?

    At least one in five women in Sri Lanka had experienced violence from an intimate partner, and many did not report it. Women who sought justice faced discriminatory treatment in the judicial system.  What was the timeline for adopting proposed amendments to the Domestic Violence Act?  How would the State party address barriers to women victims accessing justice?  Were gender courts available in rural areas? What protections were provided to women victims of violence?  Courts did not recognise marital rape and girls over age 16 were not protected from statutory rape.  How would the State party ensure that all girls without exception were protected from rape?

    One Committee Expert welcomed the national action plan to combat trafficking, the Witness Protection Act, and a fund to compensate victims of violence.  Was the unit working to prevent trafficking a militarised unit? Most persons trafficked to the Middle East were female domestic workers.  Traffickers recruited women and girls from rural areas and forced them to work in the commercial sex industry in urban areas.  Law enforcement lacked proper training on identifying trafficking. What measures were in place to ensure the protection of victims who reported trafficking crimes?  Were there efforts being made to reduce the evidence threshold for declaring trafficking crimes?  How did the State party ensure that victims of trafficking were not criminalised?  Did police officers receive training on trafficking and labour rights?

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said the Prevention of Domestic Violence Act had been amended and would come into force this year. The Assistance to Victims Act provided for the establishment of a national authority for the protection of victims and witnesses.  It underlined the rights of victims to be treated with respect and privacy, and to request legal, medical and psychosocial assistance.  Female victims could request investigating officers of a particular gender.

    The police had implemented specialised protective units and a targeted programme that encouraged increased reporting of domestic violence and reduced death rates.  A toll-free hotline operated by female officers was available for reporting domestic violence.

    The National Anti-Human Trafficking Taskforce coordinated police actions to investigate trafficking in persons. The Taskforce included members of various Government departments; it was not a militarised entity.  There was also an anti-trafficking desk within the Ministry of Defence.  The Government operated a shelter for female victims of trafficking, which provided health, food and other support services.  Awareness raising campaigns on the importance of reporting trafficking crimes were in place.  Trafficking in persons was an offence in the Penal Code.  Persons who committed or conspired to commit trafficking offences were liable for a penalty of between three to 15 years imprisonment. 

    Persons who committed rape were punished with imprisonment for no less than seven years, or no less than 15 years when the victim was under 16.  A man who had a non-consensual sexual relationship with a woman who was formerly his wife was criminalised.

    Questions by Committee Experts 

    One Committee Expert asked whether marital rape had been criminalised, and if not, when it would be.  Were there plans to provide specific services for victims of technologically-assisted gender-based violence and to provide training to stakeholders on this issue?

    YAMILA GONZÁLEZ FERRER, Committee Expert and Country Rapporteur for Sri Lanka, asked how awareness raising campaigns promoted the rights of women in vulnerable situations.

    Another Committee Expert said that in 2023, 51 per cent of harmful speech online targeted women.  Women’s rights groups and even the Prime Minister were targeted by online hate speech.  How did legislation protect women and rights groups online?  Some social media platforms had not removed harmful content due to high thresholds for removal.  Did the State party plan to hold these platforms to account to protect women?  Thirty-two per cent of Ambassadors were female, though women made up more than half of the foreign service.  How would the State party support women to become Ambassadors?  Many transgender women faced barriers in accessing residence certificates and the right to vote.  How was the State party addressing these barriers?

    Another Committee Expert said Sri Lankan women who married foreigners faced barriers in passing their nationality to their children.  What measures were in place to ensure that women could transmit their nationality on par with their male counterparts?  Tamil women, women in rural zones, and displaced women often lacked documentation to prove their nationality.  Lesbian, bisexual, transgender and intersex women faced discrimination from police and confronted obstacles in obtaining gender recognition papers.  Children born to foreign parents did not obtain Sri Lankan nationality, raising issues of statelessness for plantation workers.  How was the State addressing these issues?

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said statutory rape was currently rape of persons aged up to 16 years.  Marital rape was not currently criminalised.  The Online Safety Act aimed to promote safety for women and girls online.  The Cybercrime Investigation Unit was tasked with handling all cyber-related complaints, including those related to sexual and gender-based violence and online child exploitation.  It acted swiftly to remove harmful online content, including from social media platforms. Women could submit complaints of online abuse through email and hotlines.  The Act established an independent Online Safety Commission that could issue directives to internet service providers, requiring them to respond to discriminatory online acts.  The Commission could also disable users, remove offending content, and seek internet intermediaries to disclose the identities of offenders.

    Women played a significant role in diplomatic representation at all levels.  They accounted for more than 50 per cent of diplomatic mission staff, so it was likely that women would account for more than 50 per cent of Ambassadors in future.

    Freedom of expression was recognised in the Constitution, but this right was not without limitation.  It could not be used to infringe on the rights of others. Hate speech against political candidates could be reported to the Elections Commission, as well as the Women’s Commission and the Human Rights Commission.

    The conferment of citizenship was previously linked to fathers in legislation; however, this had been amended to allow for citizenship to be conferred by both parents.  Citizenship could be provided to stateless children by the State.  There was no legal impediment to persons obtaining birth certificates.  Tamils of Indian origin would be recognised as Sri Lankan citizens.  The Government was considering programmes to provide permanent residency to members of the Malayaga community, and the members of Parliament from this community could take up this issue in the legislature.  There were measures to identify stateless children and register them. Mobile units were in place that supported birth registration for families living on plantations.

    The family background report system had been criticised as being discriminatory, placing the burden of childcare on women.  In 2022, the Cabinet of Ministers removed the mandatory family background report for women seeking work abroad and lowered the age limit for them.  The Government was supporting access to caretakers for children aged two and above.  It sought to support both women and men to seek work overseas without compromising their family’s welfare.

    Questions by Committee Experts

    One Committee Expert asked whether the Online Services Act was effective.  Had there been any prosecutions under it?  What was the State party doing to implement local elections, which had not been held since 2018, and to support women’s participation in those elections?

    A Committee Expert asked whether the period of free birth registration would be extended.

    One Committee Expert said Sri Lanka had made achievements regarding girls’ education.  Girls’ literacy rate was over 90 per cent, which was much higher than many other countries in the region.  However, child marriages remained a challenge in rural communities and were a major reason for girls dropping out of schools.  The COVID-19 pandemic also affected girls in rural areas, as they had limited opportunities to participate in online education.  The computer literacy rate on plantations was less than half that of other regions. 

    Stereotypes hindered the access of Muslim women and girls to education.  What measures had the State party taken to combat dropouts of girls in primary and secondary education?  What measures were in place to promote gender mainstreaming in education? How did the State party ensure that girls of all religions could access education?  What activities were carried out to prevent stereotypes in education?

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said the Online Safety Act was a new law.  There had yet to be prosecutions under the law.  The related Commission would soon be set up and would be able to investigate complaints.

    Every citizen over the age of 18 who was qualified to be an elector could become one.  Sri Lanka had established an independent Election Commission that could investigate complaints of violations and issue sanctions. The Supreme Court had upheld the right to vote and held that any impediment to such was a violation.  The law on local government elections was being revised; once this had concluded, local elections could be held.

    The education system was committed to ensuring equal access for all students, regardless of gender.  The provision of free school meals and textbooks allowed for girls from poor families to pursue their education.  The State party was committed to reducing the burden that education placed on parents.  Education was compulsory until age 16.  An initiative to provide girls with sanitary pads was implemented in 2024, benefitting 800,000 girls.  Scholarships were provided to girls from low-income families to participate in technology studies.  There had been an increase in the share of girls participating in science, technology, engineering and maths courses in university in recent years; the share was currently 37 per cent.

    Questions by Committee Experts

    A Committee Expert commended the State party for establishing sexual harassment committees and creating a labour complaints mechanism.  Most women worked in the informal sector, where they lacked labour rights and were vulnerable to abuse.  Many informal sector workers lacked access to social security, leave and childcare services. What measures were in place to protect the rights of women in the informal sector?  Did the State party plan to establish mechanisms to allow domestic workers to seek redress in cases of abuse?  Were there plans to extend paid maternity leave to at least 14 weeks and promote shared parental leave?  Were there plans to ratify International Labour Organization Conventions 181, 189 and 190?  The number of Sri Lankan migrant domestic workers had increased in recent years. These workers often faced abuse from their employers.  How were these workers informed about their rights and protected from abuse? 

    Another Committee Expert commended Sri Lanka’s commitment to strengthening public health care. Persistent barriers obstructed women’s sexual and reproductive health rights.  How would State policies address these barriers?  Restrictive laws forced many women to resort to unsafe abortions. What steps had been taken to ensure women’s safe access to abortion?  What measures were in place to prevent forced sterilisation and ensure informed consent? Girls faced challenges in accessing information on contraception, leading to high rates of early pregnancies. What measures were in place to reduce early pregnancies?  Many schools in rural areas lacked proper sanitation facilities, forcing girls to miss school during menstrual periods.  There was also a very high tax of 47 per cent on menstrual products. How was the State party supporting access to sanitation facilities and menstrual products for women and girls?

    Female genital mutilation continued to be practiced in some Muslim communities.  There was no law criminalising female genital mutilation in Sri Lanka.  When would one be developed?  What awareness raising campaigns on female genital mutilation were in place?  Some women experienced obstetric violence during childbirth.  Did the State party intend to implement measures to prevent such practices?

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said women spent more time than men in unpaid domestic work in Sri Lanka.  The Government had taken steps to train care workers to improve the availability of childcare and disability care services for working mothers and reduce the burden of unpaid care work.  Sri Lanka was interested in ratifying International Labour Organization Convention 190.  The necessary amendments had been incorporated into legislation.  The State had also implemented policies to promote women’s employment.  The Minister of Labour and Foreign Employment was conducting consultations with stakeholders to strengthen protections of Sri Lankan domestic workers overseas.  The Women’s Empowerment Act aimed to address the gender pay gap.

    Taxes on sanitary products and baby formula had been removed.  Budgetary allocations had been ensured for sexual and reproductive health services across the country.  All students from sixth grade received sexual and reproductive health education, which addressed preventing unwanted pregnancies.  Medical practitioners who practiced or promoted female genital mutilation were sanctioned.  There were no specific offences on female genital mutilation or obstetric violence, but these acts were prohibited under general legislation on violence.

    Questions by Committee Experts 

    One Committee Expert commended the State party on working to ensure the empowerment of women and girls through the rural employment programme and programmes on digital transformation. What concrete actions were being taken to ensure that vulnerable women and girls were aware of the economic empowerment policies in place?  How was the State party preventing the abuse of women by financial institutions and regulating lending practices?  Had the State party assessed fiscal reforms and their impacts on the rights of women and girls?  How was the State party mitigating the unfair financial burden of tax on women and girls? What measures were in place to increase the representation of women and girls in decision making related to economic empowerment?  What measures were there to support female athletes to overcome structural barriers in sports? 

    Another Committee Expert said female tea plantation workers continued to have less access to Government subsidies and microcredit due to their lack of access to land ownership.  How was this being addressed?  Women with disabilities continued to face stigma and discrimination, and infrastructure was not adapted to persons with disabilities.  How was the State party working to make inclusive education programmes more adapted to persons with disabilities?  There were also persistent hate crimes against lesbian, bisexual, transgender and intersex women.  What measures were in place to prevent such hate crimes?  Same sex sexual acts were criminalised; would they be decriminalised?  What reforms had been made to ensure adequate facilities for women in prisons?  Were women prisoners allowed to live with their young children in prisons?

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said the Government had implemented various welfare measures for persons in poverty.  Around 1.7 million households benefited from welfare support.  There were various Government programmes for empowering women-led households.  The banking system had also provided special loan schemes with favourable interest rates and flexible return policies for women entrepreneurs during the financial crisis.  Banks had offered advisory services and capacity building programmes for women entrepreneurs.  The State had been regulating lending institutions.  Support had been provided to 185 rural women affected by unregulated microcredit schemes.  A socioeconomic protection scheme helped to ease loss of income due to unemployment.

    Sri Lanka had undertaken various initiatives to empower women to engage in technology studies and the digital economy. The national strategy for women’s development promoted women’s digital freedom and security.  Many women entrepreneurs had been trained on digital skills.

    Sanitary facilities in prisons had been improved to ensure a comfortable stay for women, and facilities for children in prison with their mothers had also been improved.  There were plans to establish a separate women’s prison aligned with international standards.

    The police had been instructed on protecting the fundamental rights of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons and investigating complaints from these persons.  A bill had been lodged in Parliament on decriminalising same-sex relations.  The Supreme Court had found that there was no barrier to the amendment of this legislation. The bill had yet to be considered due to the dissolution of Parliament.

    Questions by Committee Experts 

    YAMILA GONZÁLEZ FERRER, Committee Expert and Country Rapporteur for Sri Lanka, asked whether the law on terrorism could be used to prevent the operation of women’s organizations.

    Another Committee Expert welcomed the State party’s efforts to ensure women’s equal rights in law and family relations.  Had measures been taken to amend the Penal Code to ensure that legislation on statutory rape protected all girls under age 16, including girls over age 12 who were married?  The Committee expected that the State party would address legislation on polygamy. When would the State party revise the family law to allow women to have equal rights to men concerning custody of children?  What was the status of legal amendments seeking to strengthen the rights of widows?

    NAHLA HAIDAR, Committee Chair, said that, while respecting the freedom of belief, the State party needed to work to protect the rights of Muslim women and girls.

    Responses by the Delegation

    The delegation said the law on terrorism had not been used to limit the activities of women’s organizations in recent years.  The law was only used in instances when it was necessary.

    The amended Muslim Marriage and Divorce Act set the age of marriage at 18, but children from age 16 could be married with parental consent.  The previous Cabinet of Ministers had approved the amended bill, and the new Government would consider whether to take this legislation forward.  The Parliamentary Caucus had proposed the establishment of a committee to address the issue of child marriages.

    Concluding Remarks

    SAROJA SAVITRI PAULRAJ, Minister of Women and Child Affairs of Sri Lanka and head of the delegation, said Sri Lanka participated in the review in a spirit of openness.  It appreciated the Committee’s recognition of the progress it had made and the challenges it faced.  The Government had undertaken significant efforts to strengthen women’s empowerment.  It was fully committed to addressing the issues that women faced in the State. Ms. Paulraj thanked the Committee for the constructive dialogue.  The Government was committed to the promotion and protection of the human rights of all Sri Lankans and would continue to engage with the Committee constructively.

    NAHLA HAIDAR, Committee Chair, said that the State party had shared candidly and transparently the progress made and the difficulties it was facing.  The dialogue had helped the Committee to better understand the situation of women and girls in Sri Lanka.  It commended the State party for its efforts and encouraged it to implement the Committee’s recommendations for the benefit of all women and girls in the State party.

     

    Produced by the United Nations Information Service in Geneva for use of the media; 
    not an official record. English and French versions of our releases are different as they are the product of two separate coverage teams that work independently.

     

     

    CEDAW25.009E

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Resilience, Sustainable Energy and Marine Biodiversity (RESEMBID)

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Mission

    The Resilience, Sustainable Energy and Marine Biodiversity (RESEMBID) programme serves the Caribbean Overseas Countries and Territories (OCTs), supporting sustainable human development efforts of the 12 jurisdictions, namely: Anguilla, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Montserrat, Turks and Caicos Islands, Aruba, Bonaire, Curaçao, Saba, Sint Eustatius, Sint Maarten, and Saint Barthélemy.

    The programme commenced in January 2019 and, after six years of partnering with the OCTs on 48 projects, will close in September 2025.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: As Tentative Reduction in Hostilities Opens Door for More De-Escalation, Sustainable Resolution to Yemen Conflict ‘Still Possible’, Special Envoy Tells Security Council

    Source: United Nations 4

    Yemen is standing at another critical juncture, and the choices made today will determine its future, the Organization’s senior official told the Security Council today, underscoring the collective responsibility to create the space for a mediated solution.

    “A sustainable resolution to this conflict is still possible,” said Hans Grundberg, Special Envoy of the Secretary-General for Yemen, highlighting a significant, albeit fragile, development in the Middle East with the ceasefire in Gaza.  The tentative reduction in hostilities — a cessation of attacks by Ansar Allah on vessels in the Red Sea and targets in Israel — along with the release of the crew of the MV Galaxy Leader, offer a foundation for further de-escalation.

    “Yet, while we welcome this reprieve, we must also acknowledge the magnitude of challenges still facing Yemen,” he stressed, citing the fourth wave of arbitrary detentions of United Nations staff, conducted by Ansar Allah last month, as “a deeply troubling development”. He called for their immediate and unconditional release and an investigation of the death — while detained by Ansar Allah — of a UN colleague working for the World Food Programme (WFP).

    He further voiced concern over a continuation of military activity in Yemen, with reports of the movement of reinforcements and equipment towards the front lines, and shelling, drone attacks and infiltration attempts by Ansar Allah on multiple front lines, including Abyan, Al Dhale’, Lahj, Ma’rib, Sa’dah, Shabwa and Ta’iz.  He called on the parties to refrain from military posturing and retaliatory measures that could lead to further tension and risk plunging Yemen back into conflict.  His Office urges parties to de-escalate tensions and take concrete confidence-building measures through the Military Coordination Committee, he said.

    On Yemen’s rapidly deteriorating economic situation, he pointed to prolonged blackouts in Government-controlled areas. Moreover, the continued depreciation of the Yemeni riyal has sent the cost of essential goods soaring, “making simply surviving a challenge for millions”.  For many families, food, medicine and fuel have become unaffordable. In Ansar Allah-controlled territories, ordinary Yemenis also struggle to afford basic commodities.  “These hardships are symptoms of the failure to achieve a sustainable political resolution,” he observed, adding that “without the prospect of peace, there can be no prosperity”.

    He detailed his engagement with the parties to the conflict to advance sustainable, achievable and practical solutions that will benefit the Yemeni population, as well as with civil society representatives — including youth and women — to incorporate local-level perspectives into the peace process.  “Only a political settlement of the conflict will support the Yemenis in their aspirations for lasting peace,” he stated.

    19.5 Million People in Yemen Need Humanitarian Support

    Painting a grim picture of the humanitarian situation in Yemen, with 19.5 million people in need of support, Tom Fletcher, Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs and Emergency Relief Coordinator, said that 64 per cent of the population are unable to meet their food needs, while 3.2 million children are out of school.  Half of all children under the age of five are acutely malnourished, dying at a horrific rate mainly from preventable conditions. While humanitarian operations continue despite significant risks, he stressed that humanitarian partners cannot operate without guarantees of their safety.

    “Globally, humanitarians are overstretched, underfunded and under attack,” he said, noting that operations have been temporarily paused in Sa’ada Governorate due to safety risks.  Urging the Council to get UN and civil society staff released, he also called for more funding “to deliver for those we serve”, stressing that political and security decisions should not punish affected communities by limiting the flow of essential commodities into Yemen.  “This is a tough place for us to deliver humanitarian support, and a tough place for you to get the political judgements right,” he added.

    Council Members Echo Call for Investigation into Death of World Food Programme (WFP) Staff Member, Stress Aid Workers Must Never Be Targeted

    In the ensuing discussion, Council members echoed Mr. Grundberg’s call for a swift, transparent and thorough investigation into the death of a WFP staff member in Houthi detention earlier this week and the immediate and unconditional release of all those detained.

    “These detentions are directly shrinking the humanitarian operating environment at a time when we continue to see an alarming deterioration in the humanitarian situation,” said the United Kingdom’s delegate.

    “Humanitarians must never be a target,” concurred Slovenia’s representative, adding that attacks on them are attacks on the most vulnerable Yemenis.  Referencing the recently published 2025 Humanitarian Response Plan for Yemen, he stated:  “The spectre of famine is never far from the Yemeni people.”

    Concerns Raised over Food Insecurity

    Yemen is experiencing extreme levels of food insecurity and malnutrition, cholera and marginalization of the most vulnerable groups, especially women and children, observed his counterpart from Greece.  He cautioned that further deterioration would have “disastrous effects” on that country’s population.

    Amid soaring food insecurity in Yemen, “we have a responsibility to act”, said Denmark’s delegate, noting Copenhagen’s contribution of $13.5 million to the life-saving efforts of the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC), WFP and the Yemen Humanitarian Fund.

    Panama, said that country’s representative, has also contributed to the Yemen Humanitarian Fund.  Further, he underscored the key role of the meetings held by the Humanitarian Affairs Office in the country’s economic recovery and stability.

    However, Pakistan’s delegate emphasized that “this crisis necessitates a well-coordinated and robust international response”, urging States to enhance their contributions to Yemen’s 2025 Humanitarian Response Plan.

    Focus on Precarious Security Situation and Houthi Threats

    Many speakers focused on the precarious security situation in Yemen and the Houthi threats to international peace and security.

    “As the Middle East stands at a perilous crossroad, Yemen remains mired in a fragile balance between conflict and stability,” observed the speaker for the Republic of Korea, adding that the navigational choices of the coming months will determine “whether the country moves towards lasting peace and stability or slides back into deepening crisis”.

    Echoing the ambiguity of the recent developments in Yemen, the representative of Somalia — also speaking for Algeria, Guyana and Sierra Leone — said they highlight “both progress and challenges”.  While he recognized efforts to improve humanitarian corridors in the Houthi-controlled areas, he emphasized the need for unhindered access across all regions.  Expressing support for diplomatic actions to safeguard the Red Sea as a zone of peace and cooperation, he said a stable and peaceful Yemen is critical for broader regional security.

    France’s delegate attributed the primary responsibility for the regional crisis to the Houthis, whose actions further worsen the humanitarian situation in Yemen.  Stressing that the international community needs to relaunch the political process, he said that the unity of the Presidential Leadership Council is essential and called for inclusive negotiations, with the participation of civil society and women.

    The United States’ representative stressed that Iran’s continued and unprecedented provision of weapons components, financial support and training and technical assistance to the Houthis for over a decade violates the arms embargo this Council imposed on the group.  Accordingly, she called on Council members to press Iran’s leaders to stop arming, funding and training the Houthis, “without which they would not be able to launch attacks that disrupt navigational rights and freedoms and put innocent civilians in harm’s way”.  Noting Washington, D.C.’s, initiation of a process to consider designating the Houthis as a foreign terrorist organization, she also called for targeted sanctions against that group.

    The Russian Federation’s delegate, meanwhile, warned that the process to include the Houthis on the United States’ list of terrorist organizations can impede humanitarian work and negatively impact the negotiations process.  Expressing hope that this initiative is undertaken by the new administration “in a rush”, he added:  “Otherwise, the blame for undermining efforts to establish a long-hoped-for peace in Yemen will be laid at Washington’s door.”

    Political Resolution is Key, with Regional Countries Facilitating Dialogue

    “No matter how the situation evolves, the Yemeni issue should be resolved politically,” emphasized the representative of China, Council President for February, speaking in his national capacity.  While noting that UN support would help break the political deadlock and relaunch the political process, he urged regional countries to facilitate dialogue.

    Yemen’s Speaker Says Iranian-Backed Houthi War to Blame for Economic Crisis, Urging States to Dry Up Houthi Financing 

    The representative of Yemen underscored that the Yemeni people are suffering from the repercussions of a “tremendous” economic crisis, caused by the Tehran-supported Houthi war.  The Presidential Leadership Council is open to all efforts to address the crisis, he said, adding the Government also called for the transfer of international agencies’ headquarters to the temporary capital Aden.  Stressing that “peace remains the obvious strategic option,” he reiterated the Government’s commitment to the 22 April 2022 truce.

    While “the window for peace cannot be shut when there is a genuine partner”, he said that the Government cannot accept an armed group fighting with the State, claiming its “divine” right to rule the country. Efforts to end the conflict cannot succeed until the Houthis stop their extortion, he observed, urging States to “dry up the group’s financing”.  Noting that the Government is trying to restore State institutions and implement reforms to curb the repercussions of terrorist attacks on oil facilities, he welcomed Washington, D.C.’s. decision to list the Houthis as a foreign terrorist group.  “Despite all challenges and difficulties, hope remains in the ability of the Yemeni people to overcome this crisis”, he concluded.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Resilience, Adaptation to Climate Change Must Be at Centre of Decolonization Talks, Secretary-General Says, as Special Committee Begins Annual Session

    Source: United Nations MIL OSI b

    Decolonization is not the end of a journey, but the first step on a new path, United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres said today as the Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples began its 2025 Session.

    Opening the session, Mr. Guterres — speaking via a message delivered by Courtney Rattray, his Chef de Cabinet — pointed out that even after achieving decolonization, countries still need to grapple with the legacies of being oppressed, which range from chronic institutional underinvestment to profound imbalances and discrimination.  He also recalled how liberation movements in Portuguese colonies transformed societies, adding that decolonization has been one of the defining causes of his own political journey.

    The path to decolonization requires collaboration between Non-Self-Governing Territories, administering Powers and Member States, he said, calling for more dialogue and constructive discussions.  “Resilience and adaption need to be at the heart” of these discussions, he said, because most Non-Self-Governing Territories are small islands at the front line of the climate crisis.

    Menissa Rambally (Saint Lucia), who was re-elected as Chair for this session, noted that 2025 marks the midpoint of the fourth International Decade for the Eradication of Colonialism. “Let us move forward with determination and unity, inspired by the resilience and aspirations of the peoples of the Non-Self-Governing Territories,” she said.  Recalling the Special Committee’s visiting mission to the British Virgin Islands in August 2024, she thanked the United Kingdom and the Government and people of the British Virgin Islands for their cooperation.

    Timor-Leste to Host Regional Seminar

    She also thanked the Government and people of Timor-Leste for their willingness to host this year’s regional seminar.  The Committee then approved the Government of that country as host of the 2025 Pacific regional seminar from 21 to 23 May in Dili, while noting that the seminar is traditionally held to coincide with the annual observance of the Week of Solidarity with the Peoples of Non-Self-Governing Territories — 25 to 31 May.

    The Special Committee also heard from the representative of Timor-Leste, who said he was “deeply honoured by the trust” vested in his country.  It not merely an honour, but a responsibility, as well, he said, welcoming it as a recognition of his nation’s resilience.  “We stand ready to provide a nurturing and inspiring environment for dialogue, reflection and strategic planning,” he said, noting that preparations are underway.  Noting that wisdom and patience are needed for transformative change, he looked forward to the day when decolonization is not just a goal but a lived reality.

    Report of Visiting Mission to British Virgin Islands

    The Chair then introduced the report of the visiting mission to the British Virgin Islands (document A/AC.109/2025/20), noting that it was held from 26 to 27 August 2024, and included meetings with a broad range of civil society representatives.  Highlighting the “exceptional dialogue” with territorial Government, the people of the Territory and the administering Power, she said that the mission identified a need for improved education on decolonization so that the people can make informed decisions about their future.  The mission also noted a growing consensus to advance the decolonization process, she said, adding that the United Kingdom and United Nations remain essential to facilitating this.

    The representative of Antigua and Barbuda also recalled the visiting mission and described it as “a major step in giving a voice to the islanders”.  Highlighting the relationship between the British Virgin Islands and his country, as well as the wider Caribbean community, he noted that the mission met with a wide cross-section of the Islands’ population.  Many people expressed the need for developing self-Government arrangements and shared openly about the process that would be required.  “They are aware of the challenge ahead” and they know what they need, he said, stressing the need for continued engagement between the British Virgin Islands and the United Kingdom.

    The representatives of Papua New Guinea and Iraq welcomed the recommendations in the report of the visiting mission, while Saint Lucia’s delegate noted the role of education in promoting self-determination.

    Committee Members Reaffirm Commitment to Decolonization

    Committee members, including the representatives of Syria, Bolivia, India and Sierra Leone, also took the opportunity to reaffirm commitment to decolonization.  The representative of Indonesia, recalling the Bandung Conference of 1955, held in his country, underscored the need to avoid a “one-size-fits-all approach”.

    Cuba’s delegate expressed support for self-determination for “the brotherly people of Puerto Rico”.  Though colonialism was abolished practically everywhere in the second half of the twentieth century, it prevails in new modes, he pointed out.  Nicaragua’s delegate called for more extensive participation from Non-Self-Governing Territories in the regional seminars.

    Fiji’s delegate said the prime consideration in self-determination is the will of the people.  “If we look at recent history, in the last 65 years,” he said, it is clear that it is more important to enable Non-Self-Governing Territories to be self-governing “and then we help them”.  The process of helping them meet the conditions for self-determination is not going to work, he cautioned, stressing that the process should be driven by “the determination of the human beings involved.”

    Committee Elects Bureau and Approve Work Programme

    Also today, the Special Committee elected its Bureau by acclamation, electing Ernesto Soberón Guzmán (Cuba), Hari Prabowo (Indonesia) and Michael Imran Kanu (Sierra Leone) as Vice-Chairs.  Koussay Aldahhak (Syria) was re-elected as Rapporteur.

    Members also approved their “Organization of work: relevant resolutions and decisions of the General Assembly” (document A/AC.109/2025/L.1) and tentative work programme and timetable (document A/AC.109/2025/L.2), as orally revised.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: 13 February 2025 Departmental update Public notice and comment on new members of the Global Validation Advisory Committee (GVAC)

    Source: World Health Organisation

    The global secretariat of the Global Validation Advisory Committee (GVAC) on the validation of elimination of mother-to-child transmission and elimination of viral hepatitis B and C as a public health problem has considered the appointment of four new members to the Committee. The new members bring expertise crucial to viral hepatitis C elimination to the GVAC. With these appointments, the Global Validation Secretariat bolsters the capacity of the GVAC to conduct its mission for assessing whether countries have met the criteria for validation of hepatitis elimination as a public health problem.

    The new members are:

    1. Dr Kimberly Green, Global Director for Primary Health Care (PHC), PATH, United States of America. Dr Green will bring expertise in prevention and service delivery of viral hepatitis.
    2. Ms Rachel Halford, Chief Executive Officer, The Hepatitis C Trust, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. Ms Halford will bring expertise in civil society, human rights, community engagement and lived experience of hepatitis C.
    3. Dr Ajeet Singh Bhadoria, Additional Professor, Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India. Dr Singh Bhadoria will bring expertise in epidemiology of liver diseases, patient care and services for viral hepatitis.
    4. Dr Ibou Thior, Senior Technical Adviser, PATH, United States of America. Dr Thior will bring expertise in viral hepatitis research, blood safety and injection safety for prevention of hepatitis C.

    To enhance WHO’s management of conflicts of interest, as well as strengthen public trust and transparency in connection with WHO advisory groups involving the provision of technical advice, the names and brief biographies of individuals being considered for assignment to WHO advisory groups are disclosed for public notice and comment.

    The comments received by WHO through the public notice and comment process are treated confidentially and their receipt will be acknowledged through a generic email notification to the sender. Comments and perceptions brought to the attention of WHO through this process are an integral component of WHO’s conflict of interest assessment policy and are carefully reviewed. WHO reserves the right to discuss information received through this process with the relevant expert with no attribution to the provider of such information. Upon review and assessment of the information received through this process, WHO, in its sole discretion, may take appropriate management action in accordance with its policies.

    The list of participating experts, a summary of relevant interests disclosed by such experts, and any appropriate mitigation measures taken by WHO relating to the management of conflicts of interests, will be reported publicly in accordance with WHO practice.

    The deadline for public comments is 24 February 2025. Please send your comment to gvacsecretariat@who.int with subject: Public comments on new GVAC members.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: DR Congo: Shortage of humanitarian routes threatens aid operation, top UN official warns

    Source: United Nations MIL OSI b

    Peace and Security

    As M23 rebels continue to gain ground in South Kivu in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (RDC), the country’s top UN humanitarian official has told UN News that increasing “complexity and needs” are fuelling a crisis which had already left more than a million people displaced before the latest surge in fighting.

    “The frontline is getting closer to Kavumu Airport,” warned Bruno Lemarquis on Wednesday.

    Following the fall of regional capital Goma, in North Kivu, at the end of January, the Rwanda-backed M23 armed group is now making headway against Congelese Government forces towards Bukavu, the capital of South Kivu.

    Kalehe, a major city in the province, fell around midday on Wednesday local time, the Humanitarian Coordinator reported. The city is only 20 miles away from Kavumu, which is home to the province’s main airport.

    The commercial airfield – a 20 mile drive from Bukavu – is mainly being used for military operations by Kinshasa’s beleaguered regular forces.

    “Until recently, it was our main lifeline for bringing personnel to South Kivu,” said Mr. Lemarquis.

    But as with the Goma airport, which remains non-operational, that window has now closed.

    A historically dire situation

    Before the M23’s latest offensive at the beginning of the year, Mr. Lemarquis recalled that the humanitarian situation in South Kivu was already dire.

    Roughly 1.65 million people, or just over 20 per cent of the province’s population, had been displaced for a wide range of reasons.

    “There are other conflicts in the province, community tensions, tensions related to land,” he explained.

    South Kivu is also prone to natural disasters, including landslides on the shores of Lake Kivu, which are responsible for many displacements.

    “So, we had a major humanitarian operation running in South Kivu,” said Mr. Lemarquis.

    The recent advances of the M23 rebels, whose incursion in South Kivu is the first since the withdrawal of the UN Stabilization Mission in the DRC (MONUSCO) from the province in June 2024, are compounding historic problems.

    “This will only add complexity and needs,” the Human Coordinator said.

    United Nations

    Children gather in Goma, in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.

    At least 170,000 new displacements

    Mr. Lemarquis estimated that the recent clashes in the province had displaced at least 170,000, a figure that does not include estimates for the past two weeks.

    The Humanitarian Coordinator also noted an influx of people moving towards Bukavu, where nearly 1.3 million people already reside.

    “Depending on how the situation evolves, in the coming days, we can imagine that there will be an even larger influx of population towards the city of Bukavu, then out of the city, towards the South,” he explained.

    Such an outcome, he added, would hinder vulnerable people’ access to health and social services.

    Risks of epidemics

    Mr. Lemarquis also voiced concern over the spread of infectious diseases as fighting continues in South Kivu, a province rife with cholera.

    “When essential services are impaired, this can lead to epidemic outbreaks,” he warned.

    This is especially worrisome, he added, because the province is currently the global epicentre of a new mpox strain, known as clade 1b, which is particularly prevalent around Kalehe, the city now controlled by M23.

    UNICEF/Jospin Benekire

    A mother holds her young child after having visited a UN-supported medical clinic at an IDP camp in North Kivu.

    No humanitarian access to the South

    On a positive note, the Humanitarian Coordinator said that the road from Goma to Minova, the first South Kivu town conquered by the M23 in mid-January, is no longer closed.

    “There were a few rather difficult days for our humanitarian colleagues because of the fighting,” he acknowledged. “But now access has been restored.”

    Further South in the province, however, humanitarian access has been cut off.

    “For quite some time, the road between Goma and Bukavu has not been accessible,” he said.

    Alternative pathways, including via Lake Kivu, which borders the province and connects Goma in the north to Bukavu in the south, have also been cut off.

    “There aren’t many alternative routes, the airport being the main access route,” he acknowledged.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Political solution to end war in Yemen is achievable, UN envoy says

    Source: United Nations 2

    Peace and Security

    A lasting peace is still possible in Yemen but requires commitment, courage, and action from all sides, the UN Special Envoy for the country told the Security Council on Thursday. 

    Hans Grundberg briefed on latest political developments in the country, where Houthi rebels, also known as Ansar Allah, and Government forces, backed by a Saudi-led coalition, have been battling for power for more than a decade.

    He spoke alongside UN Emergency Relief Coordinator Tom Fletcher who updated on the “perilous” humanitarian situation there and the need for the Council’s support. 

    Respite in the region 

    Mr. Grundberg highlighted recent events that have occurred in the region.

    “We have witnessed a significant, albeit fragile, development in the Middle East with the ceasefire in Gaza,” he said.

    “We have also seen a cessation of attacks by Ansar Allah on vessels in the Red Sea and targets in Israel. This tentative reduction in hostilities, along with the release of the crew of the Motor Vessel Galaxy Leader, is a welcome relief.”

    He urged the international community to build on this opportunity for further de-escalation, while also acknowledging the magnitude of remaining challenges. 

    Detentions threaten aid delivery 

    He noted, however, that January saw a “fourth wave of arbitrary detentions” of UN staff by the Houthis, which was “a deeply troubling development.”  

    The Houthis are holding dozens of personnel from the UN, national and international non-governmental organizations, civil society and diplomatic missions – some for years.

    He said these detentions are not only a violation of fundamental human rights but also a direct threat to the UN’s ability to provide humanitarian assistance to millions. 

    “Even more deplorable is the death, while detained by Ansar Allah, of a UN colleague working for the World Food Programme (WFP),” he said. 

    He joined the UN Secretary-General in calling for an investigation into the death, and for anyone found responsible to be brought to justice. 

    Military operations and hardships continue 

    The Special Envoy noted that regrettably, military activity has continued in Yemen, with reports of movement of reinforcements and equipment towards the frontlines, as well as shelling, drone attacks and infiltration attempts by the Houthis on multiple frontlines.  

    “I call on the parties to refrain from military posturing and retaliatory measures that could lead to further tension and risk plunging Yemen back into conflict,” he said. 

    He also expressed deep concern over the rapidly deteriorating economic situation, affecting both Government- and Houthi-controlled areas. 

    For example, the city of Aden, which is under Government control, went without electricity for three consecutive days last week, prompting people to take to the streets.  Moreover, the continued depreciation of the Yemeni Riyal has also sent prices soaring. 

    “These hardships are symptoms of the failure to achieve a sustainable political resolution. Without the prospect of peace, there can be no prosperity,” he said.  

    US terrorist designation 

    Mr. Grundberg also addressed the recent move by the United States to re-designate the Houthis as a Foreign Terrorist Organization.  President Donald Trump signed an Executive Order on 22 January that is scheduled to take effect within 30 days.

    He stressed that while clarifications are being sought, “it is important that our efforts to advance the peace process are protected.” 

    Over the past month, the UN envoy has continued active engagement with all regional and international actors, most recently in Washington.  

    “My message to all remains that only a political settlement of the conflict will support the Yemenis in their aspirations for lasting peace. It is achievable, it is possible, and it is pragmatic,” he insisted. 

    Follow the roadmap 

    He said the elements of the roadmap for peace already provide a framework for the way forward, and the parties committed to a nationwide ceasefire as the first step. This would in turn pave the way to a structured political process through inclusive negotiations under the auspices of the UN. 

    Concluding his remarks, Mr. Grundberg was adamant that a sustainable resolution to the conflict is still possible, saying the parties must engage in good faith and take the necessary steps to turn commitments into reality. 

    “I am aware that some think that they could get a better outcome through the resumption of full-scale military operations. I want to be clear: this would be a mistake for Yemen, and a mistake for the stability in the wider region,” he warned. 

    Millions in need 

    Mr. Fletcher, the UN’s top aid official, also highlighted the death of the WFP staff member in Yemen and the need to protect humanitarian workers. He said the latest humanitarian appeal for the country shows that 19.5 million people require support. 

    “Millions are hungry and at acute risk of life-threatening illness. Children and women make up more than three-quarters of those in need,” he said. 

    Last month, WFP reported that 64 percent of the population was unable to meet their minimum food needs, up three percentage points from November. He feared this will again increase due to lean season scarcity and rising food prices. 

    Meanwhile, some 3.2 million children are not in school, while half of all under-fives are acutely malnourished. Seventy per cent of three and four-year-olds have not been fully vaccinated, and youngsters under five “are dying at a horrific rate, mainly from preventable or treatable conditions – in 2023, an average of five every hour. “ 

    Temporary aid freeze in Sa’ada 

    Mr. Fletcher said that despite significant risks, humanitarian operations are largely continuing, however the detention of more UN staff has led to some “tough decisions”.   

    The UN has been forced to temporarily pause operations in Sa’ada governorate due to safety and security risks but is taking steps towards resuming once security guarantees have been obtained. 

    “Globally, humanitarians are overstretched, underfunded and under attack,” he said. “We face this growing challenge in a spirit of cooperation and pragmatism, guided by the urgent needs of those we serve.” 

    Appeal for support 

    Mr. Fletcher said that “the situation in Yemen is perilous,” and asked Council members to help release UN and civil society staff, return UN operations to full capacity, and to avoid taking actions which affect access of civilians to essential services. 

    “Political and security decisions should not punish affected communities by limiting the flow of essential commodities into Yemen,” he said.  

    “This is a tough place for us to deliver humanitarian support. And I recognize that it is a tough place for you to get the political judgements right,” he added. “But we must be brave, principled, and unflinching in our effort to save lives.” 

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Taxation ‘Vital to Closing Not Only Finance Gap, but also Justice, Solidarity Gap’, Secretary-General Tells High-level Dialogue

    Source: United Nations 4

    Following is UN Secretary-General António Guterres’ message, delivered by Li Junhua, Under-Secretary-General for Economic and Social Affairs, to the high-level dialogue on “Tax Justice and Solidarity:  Towards an Inclusive and Sustainable Common Home”, in Vatican City today:

    The promise to deliver the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) is slipping away — in large part due to lack of finance.

    Taxation is vital to closing not only the finance gap, but also the justice and solidarity gap.

    Yet, countries struggle to mobilize resources.  The situation requires a global response. And we are seeing progress — from G20 commitments to negotiations on a United Nations Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation.

    These efforts are a vital chance to create a framework anchored in inclusivity — essential for legitimacy and efficacy — that supports sustainable development.

    The Pact for the Future also includes a commitment to continue constructive engagement in the process and to explore options for international cooperation on the taxation of the super-rich.

    I urge all countries to keep driving this work forward.  Together, let’s build tax systems with justice, solidarity and inclusivity at their heart.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Decolonization ‘Central to Mission of United Nations’, Secretary-General Tells 2025 Special Committee Session

    Source: United Nations General Assembly and Security Council

    Following are UN Secretary-General António Guterres’ opening remarks, delivered by Courtenay Rattray, Chef de Cabinet, at the 2025 Session of the Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples, in New York today:

    I am pleased to deliver the Secretary-General’s remarks today on his behalf.  It is my pleasure to greet the Special Committee on Decolonization at the beginning of its 2025 Session.  As the Committee continues to fulfil its vital mandate, I remain fully committed to your work.

    Decolonization is central to the mission of the United Nations — and one of the defining causes of my own political journey.  I witnessed first hand how liberation movements in Portuguese colonies transformed societies, including my own.

    Yet, decolonization is just the first step on a new path, not the journey’s end.  Countries must still grapple with the legacy of colonialism — including economies structured by exploitation, persistent inequalities, chronic economic, social and institutional underinvestment, and profound imbalances and discrimination.

    As we meet today, 17 Non-Self-Governing Territories remain.  Each with its own set of unique challenges and circumstances.

    As you can see, our work is far from over.  However, the path to decolonization requires the collaboration of Non-Self-Governing Territories, administering Powers, Member States, and other stakeholders to support these Territories, guided by the principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter and in accordance with the relevant UN resolutions.

    In the upcoming session, I urge all involved to strengthen dialogue towards achieving decolonization.  Constructive discussions among all are essential to eradicating colonialism.

    Most Territories are small islands on the front lines of the climate crisis.  I therefore urge you to keep resilience and adaptation at the heart of today’s discussions.

    We in the Secretariat will do everything to support the Special Committee in its important task.  Over the coming year, let’s redouble our efforts to end colonialism.  I wish you every success during this session.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: UNICEF sounds alarm over child crisis in eastern DR Congo

    Source: United Nations 2

    By Vibhu Mishra

    Peace and Security

    The UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) on Thursday issued a stark warning over escalating violence in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), where hundreds of civilians have been killed and tens of thousands displaced as M23 rebels continue to attack and seize control of towns and villages.

    Catherine Russell, UNICEF Executive Director, expressed deep concern over the devastating impact on children and families.

    “In North and South Kivu provinces, we are receiving horrific reports of grave violations against children by parties to the conflict, including rape and other forms of sexual violence at levels surpassing anything we have seen in recent years,” she said.

    The crisis is spreading beyond the Kivus. In Ituri province, at least 28 children were among 52 people killed in a brutal attack in Djugu territory on Monday, according to international NGO Save the Children.

    The attackers reportedly used machetes, guns, and fire, targeting families, including many women and children. Homes were burned to the ground with some trapped inside.

    Rape cases multiply

    With violence intensifying, UNICEF warns that child recruitment, abduction, and sexual violence is rapidly increasing.

    During the week of 27 January to 2 February, when the Rwanda-backed M23 group captured the regional capital Goma, the number of rape cases treated at 42 UNICEF-supported health centres surged five-fold in just one week. Children accounted for 30 percent of those receiving treatment.

    “The true figures are likely much higher because so many survivors are reluctant to come forward. Our partners are running out of the drugs used to reduce the risk of HIV infection after a sexual assault,” Ms. Russell said.

    At the same time, children are increasingly being separated from their families, leaving them vulnerable to exploitation. In just two weeks, over 1,100 unaccompanied children were identified in North and South Kivu, with numbers continuing to rise.

    Recruitment by armed groups

    Even before the latest escalation, child recruitment into armed groups was a major concern. A UN report last year documented at least 4,006 cases of children recruited or used by armed groups.

    “Now, with parties to the conflict calling for the mobilization of young fighters, recruitment rates will likely accelerate,” Ms. Russell warned, citing reports that children as young as 12 were being recruited or coerced into joining armed groups.

    “Parties to the conflict must immediately cease and prevent grave rights violations against children. They must also take concrete measures to protect civilians and infrastructure critical to their survival – in line with their obligations under international humanitarian law,” she urged.

    © UNICEF/Jospin Benekire

    A tent serves as a reception area for displaced families at a hospital near Goma, North Kivu.

    Toll on pregnant women

    The violence is also exacting a terrible toll on pregnant women, many of whom have been forced to flee multiple times, seeking refuge in overcrowded displacement camps with little access to medical care, the UN Population Fund (UNFPA) warned.

    Some women are going into labour while fleeing bombardments or forced to deliver babies in makeshift shelters without medical care.

    Even before the current crisis, maternal health care in DRC was severely limited, with the country already among those with the highest maternal mortality rates globally.

    Now, only a third of hospitals and one in five health centres remain functional, leaving UNFPA’s mobile clinics as the only lifeline for many expectant mothers, the UN agency said.

    Critical care at risk

    Of the estimated 220,000 pregnant women in North and South Kivu, over 12,000 are currently displaced with no assured medical care. More than 88,000 women and girls are at risk of gender-based violence, while unintended pregnancies are expected to rise due to the collapse of health services.

    UNFPA is operating eight mobile health clinics in the region, staffed by 27 midwives providing critical maternal and reproductive health services. Despite the challenges, these teams are ensuring safe deliveries, prenatal care, and family planning support for over 8,000 people.

    “UNFPA remains in North Kivu, working alongside the government and humanitarian partners to ensure women and girls receive life-saving care, but the needs are growing faster than resources can keep up,” the agency said.

    “There are thousands of other women bracing for childbirth in tents, under bombardment, unsure if they or their babies will survive the night.”

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Readout of the Secretary-General’s meeting with H.E. Mr. Abiy Ahmed, Prime Minister of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia

    Source: United Nations MIL-OSI 2

    he Secretary-General met with H.E. Mr. Abiy Ahmed, Prime Minister of the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia.

    The Secretary-General and the Prime Minister discussed the security situation in the region including support for peace efforts in the Sudan and in Somalia.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: WFP and the EU Empower Zambia’s Disaster Response with Cutting-Edge Drone Technology

    Source: World Food Programme

    Lusaka—The World Food Programme (WFP), with funding from the European Union (EU), has donated three Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs, also known as drones) to Zambia’s Disaster Management and Mitigation Unit (DDMU). This contribution will help the Government to more effectively respond to climate disasters.

    Zambia is increasingly vulnerable to extreme weather, with recurring droughts and floods devastating livelihoods and driving disaster response costs even higher. These drones will enable rapid assessments, damage monitoring, and better emergency planning, improving the country’s ability to respond to crises. 

    “Drones are a game-changer for disaster management, allowing for accurate mapping, modelling, and faster decision-making”, said Cissy Kabasuuga, WFP Zambia Country Representative. “With this donation, we are helping Zambia adopt a digital approach to disaster response – one that enhances efficiency and saves lives.”

    Equipped with advanced aerial surveillance and infrared cameras, the drones can detect damage that is invisible to the human eye, supporting search and rescue missions. They will empower the DMMU to conduct rapid assessments, monitor damage caused by floods, storms, and droughts, map affected areas and strengthen emergency response efforts.

    The European Union, through its Civil Protection and Humanitarian Aid Operations (ECHO) department, has been instrumental in making this possible, recognizing and investing in the power of technology to improve disaster preparedness and response in Zambia. 

    About WFP

    The United Nations World Food Programme is the world’s largest humanitarian organization, saving lives in emergencies, building prosperity and supporting a sustainable future for people recovering from conflict, disasters and the impact of climate change.

    Follow us on X @wfp_media @WFP_Zambia, @wfp_southernafrica.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Islamic Development Bank, WFP launch ‘nutritious start’ financing initiative to boost funding for child nutrition and school meals

    Source: World Food Programme

    ROME – The Islamic Development Bank (IsDB) and the UN World Food Programme (WFP) today launched an innovative financing initiative to boost funds available for governments to combat child malnutrition and expand school meals programmes.

    The ‘Nutritious Start’: Human Capital Development Initiative (HCDI) will see IsDB provide governments with financing worth up to US$3 for every $1 secured in grants for nutrition and school meals programmes in least-developed and lower-middle-income countries belonging to the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC).

    The agreement was signed by WFP Executive Director Cindy McCain and IsDB President H.E. Dr. Muhammad Al Jasser at WFP headquarters in Rome on 12 February 2025.

    “Ensuring vulnerable people are well-nourished, healthy, and educated is fundamental for long-term economic growth,” said WFP Executive Director Cindy McCain. “Across the world, school meals and nutrition programs are the essential building blocks of a future free from hunger and poverty. WFP is proud to partner with IsDB on this innovative financing initiative. Together, we will mobilize critical resources to transform the lives of the most vulnerable people.”

    HCDI addresses the first 8,000 days of a child’s life through adolescence (up to 21 years of age). This starts with the first 1,000 days – a crucial window for cognitive and physical growth. Every US$1 invested in addressing early childhood undernutrition can yield up to US$23 in economic returns, while school feeding programmes generate between US$7 and US$35 per dollar invested.

    “Investing in human capital is fundamental to breaking the cycle of poverty and achieving sustainable development,” said H.E. Dr. Muhammad Al Jasser, Chairman of the Islamic Development Bank (IsDB) Group. “The ‘Nutritious Start’ initiative is not just about combating malnutrition—it is about equipping future generations with the foundation to thrive. By strategically blending our financing with targeted grant funding, we are amplifying impact and ensuring that every dollar drives meaningful progress toward national development goals.”

    This collaboration builds on the extension of the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between IsDB and WFP reinforcing their shared commitment to addressing food insecurity and malnutrition. The IsDB and WFP are also partners in the Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) Movement and the School Meals Coalition, two country-driven initiatives focusing on combating child malnutrition.

    Notes to Editor

    • Least-developed and lower-middle-income Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) member countries: Afghanistan, Albania, Algeria, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Benin, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Chad, Comoros, Côte d’Ivoire, Djibouti, Egypt, Gabon, Gambia, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Libya, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Mauritania, Morocco, Mozambique, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Tajikistan, Togo, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Uganda, United Arab Emirates, Uzbekistan, Yemen

    • The Scaling Up Nutrition (SUN) Movement is an initiative led by 66 countries and 4 Indian States – collectively known as the SUN Countries and includes thousands of stakeholders from across society – all united in their mission to end all forms of malnutrition by 2030. 

    • The School Meals Coalition, hosted by the World Food Programme (WFP) as Secretariat, is led by over 100 governments and supported by more than 140 partners, working together to urgently scale and strengthen school meals programmes worldwide to ensure every child receives a healthy, nutritious meal at school by 2030.
    • High resolution photos are available here.

    #                 #                   #

    The United Nations World Food Programme is the world’s largest humanitarian organization saving lives in emergencies and using food assistance to build a pathway to peace, stability and prosperity for people recovering from conflict, disasters and the impact of climate change.

    Follow us on Twitter @wfp_media 

    About the Islamic Development Bank (IsDB)

    Rated AAA by the major rating agencies of the world, the Islamic Development Bank is the pioneering multilateral development bank (MDB) of the Global South that has been working for over 50 years to improve the lives of the people and communities it serves by delivering impact at scale. The Bank brings together 57 Member Countries across four continents, touching the lives of nearly 1 in 4 of the world population. It is committed to addressing development challenges and promoting collaboration to help

    achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by equipping people to drive their own green economic and sustainable social progress, putting planet-friendly infrastructure in place and enabling them to fulfil their potential. Headquartered in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, IsDB has 10 regional hubs and a center of excellence.  Over the years, the Bank has evolved from a single entity into a group comprising: the Islamic Development Bank (IsDB), the Islamic Development Bank Institute (IsDBI); the Islamic Corporation for the Insurance of Investment and Export Credit (ICIEC); the Islamic Corporation for the Development of the Private Sector (ICD); the International Islamic Trade Finance Corporation (ITFC); and the Islamic Solidarity Fund for Development (ISFD).

    For more information, please visit ( www.isdb.org). Find updates on LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/islamic-development-bank/

    Visit us on X: @isdb_group Engage with us on Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/isdbgroup

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Aid surge into Gaza continues, UN teams prioritize immediate needs

    Source: United Nations 2

    Peace and Security

    Lifesaving aid continued to reach Gaza on Thursday while UN humanitarians warned that needs remain enormous after 15 months of constant Israeli bombardment.

    Amid reports that a return to full-scale war at the weekend may have been averted with the announcement by Hamas that it would comply with the agreed release of Israeli hostages, the UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) said that aid teams were “seizing every opportunity” to deliver as much relief as possible to Gazans in dire need.

    Speaking from northern Gaza, OCHA’s René Nijenhuis said that families’ main concern was that the ceasefire holds.

    He explained that the fragile truce had allowed aid teams to get water trucks and reach people in “desperate need of assistance. They need shelter, they need schooling,” Mr. Nijenhuis said. Children are pleading: “Where’s my school? I want to go to school,” the OCHA officer added.

    Truck lifeline

    Thousands of trucks carrying food, shelter and medicines have entered the Gaza Strip at a rate of around 600 a day since the ceasefire began on 19 January – far more than those allowed during the hostilities that were sparked by the Hamas-led terror attacks on southern Israel of 7 October 2023.

    On Wednesday alone, more than 800 trucks delivered life-saving goods into Gaza, OCHA said, while the UN agency for Palestine refugees, UNRWA, said that it has now reached 1.5 million people with food parcels since the start of the ceasefire – and has enough coming to reach the rest of Gaza’s population.

    Since Israeli forces withdrew from parts of the Netzarim corridor that separates north and south Gaza, more than 586,000 people are estimated to have crossed to the north, while over 56,000 were estimated to have moved southward, UN humanitarians reported.

    Two million in need

    Despite the massive aid boost, it is still not enough to provide the immediate relief that more than two million Gazans require. This will only happen when commercial goods begin to flow into the Strip once again, humanitarians have said repeatedly, including the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF).

    “A lot of aid has come in. We have scaled up as fast as we possibly could over the last three weeks of this ceasefire, but of course we cannot undo 15 months of suffering in three weeks,” said UNICEF Communications Manager Tess Ingam, speaking to UN News.

    “There needs to be much more aid consistently coming in; also need commercial goods to come in so that markets can be stocked. We need the cash sector and the banking sector to restart again so that people can buy those commercial goods. There’s a lot that needs to happen fast to help resume a functioning goods society in the Gaza Strip.”

    UNICEF also warned that its teams cannot quickly repair the damage done by the damage caused by the Israeli military’s use of heavy weapons and high explosives across Gaza.

    Basic public services have been smashed and require equipment that is still not being allowed to enter the enclave.

    “We need to make sure that certain items that are currently restricted for entry to Gaza are able to enter, for example, pipes for the repair of water systems, generators to run water pumps,” Ms. Ingam said, shortly after finishing a two-week assessment mission in the enclave.

    Live fire threat

    “UNICEF needs this ceasefire to hold as much for us as for the children of Gaza,” she insisted. “Like all humanitarian actors, we are able to do our best work to save the lives of children and provide them with protection and support when we’re not operating in live fire.”

    Speaking exclusively to UN News, Ms. Ingam said that the agency’s three priorities were providing water, boosting healthcare and nutrition and helping people withstand the cold.

    “We’re focused on making sure that water flows again, particularly in the areas where water has been really badly damaged, pipes have been damaged, wells have been damaged in the north and in Rafah, so we’re trying to bring water back by doing repairs and also starting water trucking so families have immediate access to water.”

    UNRWA’s vital role

    Key to the humanitarian response across Gaza, UNRWA runs 120 shelters which host around 120,000 people. It has also opened 37 new emergency shelters, including seven in Gaza City and 30 in North Gaza, and on Thursday announced the reopening of a health centre in Rafah – the first UNRWA facility in the southern city to receive patients since the ceasefire.

    The agency said that while the risk of famine has mostly been averted, another immediate priority is providing shelter and warmth to people returning to their shattered homes.

    Since the ceasefire came began, 644,000 people have received shelter assistance, UNRWA said, specifically tents, blankets, plastic sheeting, warm winter clothing, sealing-off materials and tarpaulins.

    In and around the shelters, the UN agency has also committed to repairing water wells and to provide water and waste disposal services to close to half a million people.

    In addition to shelter and food deliveries, healthcare assistance and medical supplies have also increased, too.

    Health needs being met

    According to the head of the UN World Health Organization (WHO), Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, the organization has assisted with the medical evacuation of 414 patients requiring treatment outside Gaza. WHO has also delivered supplies for 1.6 million people since the start of the ceasefire, he said.

    The UN sexual and reproductive health agency, UNFPA, meanwhile, reported the increased distribution of relief items including infant warmers, postpartum and dignity kits. The UN agency has also established a new shelter for women inside Gaza City to provide safety from gender-based violence.

    In anticipation of possible power cuts, the shelter can run on solar power.

    Between 7 October 2023 and 11 February 2025, the Gazan authorities reported that at least 48,219 Palestinians have reportedly been killed in Gaza and 111,665 have been injured. Some 1,250 people were killed in the Hamas-led attacks and more than 250 were taken hostage.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: UNECE issues guidance to tackle methane emissions from coal mine ventilation systems

    Source: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

    In the fight against climate change, emissions of methane – which has a warming effect over 80 times greater than CO2 over a 20-year timeframe – from coal mines remain a significant source of greenhouse gases (GHG). Coal mines account for over 10% of methane emissions from human activity. As long as coal’s share in the global energy mix remains significant, mitigating large emissions associated with its extraction presents an under-exploited and under-capitalized opportunity to deliver near-term GHG emissions cuts.  

    Gassy underground coal mines employ large-scale ventilation systems that pump fresh air into the workings to dilute and remove methane released during mining operations. This ventilation air, discharged through dedicated (ventilation) shafts, contains methane in concentrations typically ranging from 0.1% to 1.0% by volume, known as Ventilation Air Methane (VAM). While removing methane from the mine is necessary for maintaining safe underground working conditions, the continuous discharges of large volumes of VAM constitute a significant source of greenhouse gas emissions. 

    A new UNECE report developed by the UNECE Group of Experts on Coal Mine Methane and Just Transition sheds light on the urgency of tackling VAM emissions. A single ventilation shaft in an operating coal mine can expel up to 50,000 tonnes of methane annually – equivalent to the emissions (CO2e) generated by 2 million cars. Since coal mines are expected to continue to operate for at least the next two decades, reducing these emissions presents an immediate and effective way to slow down climate change, complementing scaled-up decarbonization efforts. 

    The report “Best Practice Guidance on Ventilation Air Methane Mitigation” highlights the cost-effectiveness of VAM mitigation. Advanced technologies, such as Regenerative Thermal Oxidation (RTO), have been successfully deployed in large-scale, long-term projects, proving the technical viability of VAM mitigation. RTO installations are actively reducing methane emissions at coal mines in the United States and China. For such projects to be economically sustainable, the value of emission reductions must reach approximately USD 20 per tonne of CO2e – an economically feasible target when compared to other climate mitigation efforts. 

    The cost of a VAM mitigation plant is all about the volume of air being processed, and therefore the methane content in the ventilation air to be processed is a key factor determining the revenue and thus also the economic viability of the plant. A plant processing VAM concentration of 0.2% will have a total cost per mitigated tCO2e around USD $20. Where such mechanisms exist, this cost could be balanced by Carbon Emission Reduction Credits, or by avoided emissions penalty. 

    Despite its potential, VAM mitigation faces technical challenges. Methane concentrations in ventilation air are often very low, and mine shafts release vast volumes of air. The report emphasizes that only one technology, RTO, has consistently reduced methane emissions from coal mines, though other catalytic processes are emerging. 

    The report aligns with global efforts to address methane emissions, including the Paris Agreement and the Global Methane Pledge, which aims to cut methane emissions by 30% by 2030. In this context, VAM mitigation could play a key role in achieving these ambitious objectives. 

    This Best Practice Guidance on VAM serves as a call to action for the mining industry and policymakers, underscoring the significant potential of VAM mitigation as a cost-effective solution to reduce emissions.  

    The report provides practical guidance on securing financial support, assessing the feasibility of VAM mitigation plants, and understanding the key aspects of technology integration. It also offers a clear 8-step model for preparing potential VAM projects, making this complex topic accessible and actionable. 

    For further information and/or to access the Best Practice Guidance report, please visit https://unece.org/sustainable-energy/publications/best-practice-guidance-ventilation-air-methane-mitigation   

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    In addition to the Best Practice Guidance, the UNECE Group of Experts on Coal Mine Methane and Just Transition – through its Task Force on Methane Emissions Reduction – has developed complementary resources to further support methane monitoring and mitigation efforts. These include: 

    • Template for Estimating Emissions from Underground Coal Mines – A user-friendly tool designed to improve emissions data collection for policymakers and companies. This template streamlines the tracking of methane emissions, destruction, and off-site transportation, and accounts for avoided methane emissions and CO2 emissions resulting from these processes.  

    Join the Discussion at the UNECE Resource Management Week 2025  

    The UNECE Resource Management Week 2025 (24–28 March, Geneva), and particularly the meeting of the Group of Experts on Coal Mine Methane and Just Transition, will provide a platform to discuss methane mitigation strategies, including the VAM Best Practice Guidance, which will be presented for endorsement.  

    Bringing together policymakers, industry representatives, and experts, the event will facilitate discussions on innovative solutions, financing mechanisms, and regulatory approaches to support methane emission reductions.  

    Register here.   

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Online consultation – Accelerating the Transition Towards a Circular Economy in the Agri-Food Sector in the Republic of Serbia

    Source: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

    Background, context and objective

    To increase the sustainability of food systems and ensure enough food for growing populations, the agri-food sector needs to become more productive, environmentally sustainable, and resource-use efficient. A circular economy, with resource-use efficiency and bioeconomy at its core, can help improve the sustainability of food systems. The concept is built on the premise of eliminating waste and pollution, circulating products and materials at their highest value, and regenerating nature.

    The Republic of Serbia is committed to increasing the circularity of its economy. In 2021 a Roadmap for Circular Economy in Serbia was developed, which identifies agriculture and food as one of the four preliminary priority sectors for a circular economy transition in Serbia.1
    Under the project “Accelerating the Transition towards a Circular Economy in UNECE Region” (2021-2024), UNECE has been working to support the transition to a circular economy in the UNECE region. In Serbia, the focus has been on the agri-food sector.

    The objective of the meeting is to present and discuss key recommendations and suggested actions contained in the draft roadmap for circularity in agri-food with a focus on food loss and waste reduction and management developed under the project, aiming to validate the findings and invite additional suggestions by key Ministries of the Government of Serbia.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Secretary-General’s message at the 2025 Session of the Committee on the Situation with regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples

    Source: United Nations secretary general

    I am pleased to deliver the Secretary-General’s remarks today on his behalf.

    Excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, 

    It is my pleasure to greet the Special Committee on Decolonization at the beginning of its 2025 session. 

    As the Committee continues to fulfil its vital mandate, I remain fully committed to your work.
     
    Decolonization is central to the mission of the United Nations – and one of the defining causes of my own political journey.

    I witnessed firsthand how liberation movements in Portuguese colonies transformed societies, including my own.  

    Yet decolonization is just the first step on a new path, not the journey’s end.  

    Countries must still grapple with the legacy of colonialism – including economies structured by exploitation, persistent inequalities, chronic economic, social and institutional underinvestment, and profound imbalances and discrimination.

    As we meet today, 17 Non-Self-Governing Territories remain.  

    Each with its own set of unique challenges and circumstances.

    As you can see – our work is far from over.

    However, the path to decolonization requires the collaboration of Non-Self-Governing Territories, administering Powers, Member States, and other stakeholders to support these Territories, guided by the principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter and in accordance with the relevant UN resolutions. 

    In the upcoming session, I urge all involved to strengthen dialogue towards achieving decolonization. Constructive discussions among all are essential to eradicating colonialism. 

    Most Territories are small islands on the frontlines of the climate crisis. I therefore urge you to keep resilience and adaptation at the heart of today’s discussions.
     
    We in the Secretariat will do everything to support the Special Committee in its important task.

    Over the coming year, let’s redouble our efforts to end colonialism.  

    I wish you every success during this session. 

    Thank you.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: WFP welcomes contribution from Japan to save lives in war-torn Sudan

    Source: World Food Programme

    PORT SUDAN/NAIROBI– The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) welcomes a contribution of JPY 150 million (approx. US $1 million) from the Government of Japan for its operations in Sudan. This vital funding will enable WFP to purchase locally grown grains, such as sorghum or millet, which will be distributed to over 30,000 people as part of the emergency food rations.

    The support from Japan arrives at a critical time as WFP works tirelessly to expand food and nutrition assistance to millions more people across Sudan – aiming to triple the number of people it supports to 7 million per month. WFP’s top priority is to deliver life-saving assistance to locations facing famine or teetering on its brink. 

    “We are working tirelessly to ramp up food assistance across Sudan and this contribution will help us to save lives and prevent vulnerable families from going hungry. We are incredibly grateful to the Government of Japan for their support to the Sudanese people,” said Laurent Bukera, WFP Regional Director for Eastern Africa. 

    Sudan continues to face a catastrophic humanitarian situation with approximately 24.6 million people – nearly half of Sudan’s population – facing acute food insecurity (Integrated Phase Classification, Phase 3+). Twenty-seven locations across Sudan are either in famine or at risk of famine, while more than one-third of children in the hardest hit regions are acutely malnourished, well above the threshold for a famine declaration. 

    Mr. Mizuuchi Kentaro, Chargé d’Affaires of the Embassy of Japan in the Republic of the Sudan, said: “In response to the severe humanitarian crisis in Sudan, Japan remains committed to addressing the urgent needs of those affected by the ongoing conflict, with a particular emphasis on food and nutrition assistance. Recognizing the critical role played by WFP in these efforts, Japan is dedicated to supporting its invaluable work in alleviating the suffering.” 

    “Japan’s contribution will help alleviate the food insecurity crisis facing the most vulnerable populations in Sudan,” he added.

    With Japan’s generous contribution, WFP will provide a lifeline to thousands of people enduring the devastating effects of conflict and hunger, while supporting the local economy through the purchase of grains from Sudanese farmers. Japan has been a steadfast supporter of WFP in Sudan, contributing over US$13 million since 2021.   

     

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    The United Nations World Food Programme is the world’s largest humanitarian organization saving lives in emergencies and using food assistance to build a pathway to peace, stability and prosperity for people recovering from conflict, disasters and the impact of climate change.

    Follow us on X, formerly Twitter, via @wfp_media and @wfp_sudan

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Nineteenth International Capacity-building Seminar on Trade and Transport Facilitation and data sharing

    Source: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

    This event is organized by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), the Government of Turkmenistan, the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP), with the participation of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), the Organisation for Cooperation of Railways (OSJD), the railway agencies of Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and Iran, the Islamic Development Bank (IsDB), Eurasian Development Bank, and other partners from the States participating in the UN Special Programme for the Economies of Central Asia (SPECA).

    This event is part of the implementation of the for the Digitalization of Multimodal Data and Document Exchange along the Trans-Caspian Transport Corridor Using UN Legal Instruments and Standards, which was adopted by the SPECA Summit on 24 November 2023 in Baku. It follows up on the request of the SPECA Governing Council for capacity-building on the UN/CEFACT standards.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: H2H Network (H2H)

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Mission

    The H2H Network brings together high-quality, independent humanitarian service providers. Members’ specializations fall into four categories: Data and information management; community engagement and accountability; security, logistics and programme support; and quality and sector professionalization. All bring cross-cutting technical expertise in service of the broader humanitarian sector. All are ready to adapt and collaborate in new ways when faced with humanitarian crises that are more frequent, more complex, and affect more people.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Safeguarding the Historic Naval Hospital of Port Royal

    Source: United Nations

    The Historic Naval Hospital of Port Royal in Jamaica, a vital heritage site surrounded by a 19th-century sea wall, is threatened by coastal erosion, storm surges, and ship traffic. At the request of Jamaican national authorities and with the generous support of the Netherlands Funds-in-Trust, a new project has been launched to address these challenges.

    The Historic Naval Hospital of Port Royal, a vital heritage site surrounded by a 19th-century sea wall, is threatened by coastal erosion, storm surges, and ship traffic. As a key component of the heritage site “Archaeological Landscape of 17th Century Port Royal” submitted by Jamaica for the inscription to the UNESCO’s World Heritage List, the hospital and its surrounding archaeological grounds are at risk of significant deterioration.

    A 2022 Heritage Impact Assessment highlighted that continued erosion of the sea wall could severely impact the structural integrity of the Naval Hospital and the 17th-century streets that lie beneath the complex, jeopardizing the preservation of this iconic historic site. At the request of Jamaican national authorities and with the generous support of the Netherlands Funds-in-Trust, a new project has been launched.

    Such project aims to bolster the protection of the Naval Hospital and its archaeological grounds. The initiative will focus on reinforcing the sea wall, enhancing the site’s resilience to coastal erosion, and mitigating the effects of climate change. The project will also support the capacity-building of national institutions responsible for heritage conservation.

    Port Royal was once one of the most prosperous and notorious cities in the Caribbean during the 17th century, earning its infamous reputation as the “wickedest city on Earth.” Today, much of Port Royal lies submerged beneath the sea, with the Historic Naval Hospital serving as a key reminder of the city’s storied past.

    Key objectives of the project include:

    • Improving protection: Strengthening the protection of the Historic Naval Hospital of Port Royal from coastal erosion, climate change, and human activity.
    • Community engagement: Involving the local community in rehabilitation efforts and raising awareness about the vulnerability of cultural heritage.
    • Sustainable management: Ensuring the long-term conservation and daily management of the site by the Jamaica National Heritage Trust, with community participation.

    Expected project outcomes include:

    • Structural reinforcement: Identification and consolidation of the most vulnerable sections of the sea wall.
    • Capacity building: Strengthening the capacities of national institutions to manage and conserve cultural heritage.
    • Improved cooperation: Fostering better collaboration between heritage management stakeholders, tourism development organizations, and local communities.

    This project is part of a broader effort to safeguard Port Royal’s rich cultural legacy, ensuring its preservation for future generations. Jamaica’s initiative to propose Port Royal for inclusion on UNESCO’s World Heritage List marks a crucial step in recognizing and safeguarding its rich archaeological heritage, with the World Heritage Committee reviewing the nomination later this year. This endeavor reflects the country’s commitment to ensure that the stories and achievements of past generations endure for those to come.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: UNECE Inland Transport Committee advances international cooperation for sustainable and resilient future of transport

    Source: United Nations Economic Commission for Europe

    Gathering at this week’s 87th annual session of the UNECE Inland Transport Committee (ITC) at the Palais des Nations in Geneva, global transport leaders shared commitments aimed at  forging a sustainable, efficient, and resilient future of inland transport. 

    Looking to 2030 and beyond – and recognizing the need for scaled-up action in response to climate change, technological advancements, and shifting global trade patterns – several countries announced pledges that reaffirm their commitment to regional cooperation, enhanced connectivity, innovation, and environmental sustainability in inland transport. 

    “The challenges before us are immense, but so are the opportunities,” noted UNECE Executive Secretary Tatiana Molcean at the opening of the session. “We are here today to chart the course for the future, ensuring that inland transport is not only a driver of economic growth but also a catalyst for sustainability, resilience, and innovation.” 

    Enhanced connectivity and sustainability  

    The Netherlands and Türkiye pledged to continue supporting efforts to advance digitalization, infrastructure development, and border-crossing efficiency along the Trans-Caspian and Almaty-Tehran-Istanbul corridors, with a strong emphasis on greening the corridors, reducing their environmental impact, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions.  

    This joint commitment highlights the importance of collaboration to advance regional integration, promote sustainable transport practices, and enhance the economic and environmental performance of these strategic corridors.   

    “Transport corridors provide an essential backbone structure for the functioning of our economies,” said Chris Jansen, Minister for the Environment and Public Transportation of The Netherlands. “Let us try to unlock this potential together and use our combined efforts of cooperation within the UNECE Inland Transport Committee to achieve this work.”  

    “By strengthening our transport corridors, we will also make significant contributions to reducing economic inequalities between regions, facilitating access to markets for underdeveloped regions and promoting sustainable development,” emphasized Abdulkadir Uraloğlu, Minister of Transport and Infrastructure of Türkiye. 

    Advancing decarbonization and innovation 

    Underlining ITC’s unique role as the only global UN platform for road, rail and inland waterway transport, Georgia, The Netherlands and Türkiye reaffirmed their commitment to leverage its capacity to drive innovation and strategic foresight in the inland transport sector.  

    The three countries pledged to support the effective implementation of the ITC Decarbonization Strategy and to contribute to its other critical work streams, including climate change adaptation for transport infrastructure, cycling infrastructure, e-mobility, and the use of GIS mapping for transport infrastructure planning through the International Transport Infrastructure Observatory. 

    Accelerating e-mobility and smart charging solutions 

    Recognizing that inland transport sector plays a pivotal role in achieving global climate goals, The Netherlands and Türkiye pledged to support the UNECE Informal Task Force on E-Mobility to advance zero-emission policies, align regulatory frameworks, and facilitate the development of critical infrastructure for alternative energy carriers, in particular electric mobility, alongside hydrogen and biofuels.  

    The Netherlands will lead efforts on smart charging and energy system optimization, while Türkiye will spearhead best practices for EV infrastructure planning. 

    In line with the ITC Decarbonization Strategy, Germany pledged to work to swiftly expand the charging infrastructure for electric vehicles and to drive the uptake of climate-friendly fuels. Furthermore, Germany committed to fostering key technology innovations, such as automated/autonomous driving on the road to reach a more sustainable, safe, digital, accessible and affordable mobility. 

    Global relevance of ITC work 

    Reflecting the global relevance of ITC not only in harmonization of vehicle standards, but also in development of transport infrastructure, and smart and clean mobility solutions, Cambodia announced that it will seek to actively participate in the UNECE World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations (WP.29) and join working parties dealing with the transport of dangerous goods, intermodal transport and logistics, as well as to join the Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR).   

    As a small island developing state, facing frequent storm surges and flooding that threaten its critical road network, Seychelles appreciated the ITC as a vital platform to advance solutions for climate-resilient road infrastructure, maintenance and environmentally friendly engineering, as well as energy-efficient public transport options.  

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: WFP welcomes contribution from Government of Uganda to support learning and nutrition from Karamoja students

    Source: World Food Programme

    KAMPALA – The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) has welcomed a contribution of UGX2.5 billion (US$680,000) from the Government of Uganda to support Home-Grown School Feeding programmes in the Karamoja region of north-east Uganda.

    WFP supports 250,000 children in 320 schools in Karamoja with daily nutritious meals through Home-Grown School Feeding programmes. This programme provides children with safe, diverse, and nutritious foods which are sourced locally from smallholder farmers and school gardens. Providing children with a meal at school can increase school attendance, enrolment, and reduce dropout rates.

    “School feeding is a powerful investment in the future—nourishing children with healthy, locally-sourced meals while empowering smallholder farmers and strengthening communities,” said Marcus Prior, WFP’s acting Country Representative in Uganda. “By working with the Government of Uganda, we are creating sustainable solutions that drive better education, nutrition, and long-term food security for all.”

    The new five-year contribution, a part of the “Karamoja Feeds Karamoja” initiative, is implemented through the Office of the Prime Minister and the Ministry of Karamoja Affairs in coordination with the Ministry of Education and Sports. Originally launched in 2014, the initiative focuses on purchasing locally grown foods for school feeding programmes. 

    “By purchasing food directly from farmer organizations in Karamoja, the government aims to stimulate smallholder production and boost the local economy,” said Hon. Dr. Peter Lokeris, Minister for Karamoja Affairs. “This groundbreaking initiative demonstrates the government’s commitment to fostering sustainable development in Karamoja.”

    Uganda is a member of the School Meals Coalition, a government-led initiative of over 100 nations, supported by over 140 partners and hosted by WFP as its Secretariat, working to scale and strengthen school meals programmes globally. In April 2024, the Government of Uganda announced its national commitments to school meals. This latest investment in Karamoja translates that commitment into action, leveraging national resources to support children’s health and education.

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    The United Nations World Food Programme is the world’s largest humanitarian organization, saving lives in emergencies and using food assistance to build a pathway to peace, stability and prosperity for people recovering from conflict, disasters, and the impact of climate change. 

    Follow us on X @WFP_Uganda @WFP_Africa

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Secretary-General’s message to the High-Level Dialogue on Tax Justice and Solidarity: Towards an Inclusive and Sustainable Common Home 

    Source: United Nations secretary general

    The promise to deliver the Sustainable Development Goals is slipping away – in large part, due to lack of finance.

    Taxation is vital to closing not only the finance gap, but also the justice and solidarity gap.

    Yet, countries struggle to mobilise resources. The situation requires a global response.  And we are seeing progress – from G20 commitments, to negotiations on a United Nations Framework Convention on International Tax Cooperation.

    These efforts are a vital chance to create a framework anchored in inclusivity – essential for legitimacy and efficacy – that supports sustainable development.
     
    The Pact for the Future also includes a commitment to continue constructive engagement in the process, and to explore options for international cooperation on the taxation of the super-rich.

    I urge all countries to keep driving this work forward. Together, let’s build tax systems with justice, solidarity and inclusivity at their heart.
     
     

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Airing climate justice in Costa Rica on World Radio Day

    Source: United Nations 2

    By Carla Garcia

    Climate and Environment

    Quality radio remains ever universal, popular and more reliable in an era of artificial intelligence (AI) and social media, including in Costa Rica, where unique programming raises awareness and promotes public participation on climate decision making in Latin America, the theme of this year’s World Radio Day, marked annually on 13 February.

    In a crucial year for climate action which, in accordance with the Paris Agreement, seeks to limit global warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels, World Radio Day is dedicated in 2025 to highlighting the power of broadcasting to bring climate change issues to prominence.

    That’s the goal of Climate Radio Route.

    Radio democratises

    Radio is considered the most reliable medium, according to the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), which supports radio stations, like Climate Radio Route, in their journalistic coverage of this year’s theme.

    Adrián Martínez, director of La Ruta del Clima – the Climate Route – a Costa Rican non-governmental organization (NGO) promoting public participation in climate and environmental decision-making that has been an observer, advocating at the UN climate summits since 2014.

    “Radio in all its versions, whether digital or transmitted by antennas, is super important because it democratizes,” he told UN News . “Radio traditionally reaches places and communities where there is no Internet. It is also very generational. People interact with the radio day by day because it is ephemeral.”

    Climate hits the radio waves

    The Climate Route studies and exposes impacts “on the human rights of people in vulnerable communities in Latin America, especially in Central America, who have to deal with the adverse effects of climate change, for which they have very little responsibility but which is transforming their territories and ways of life”, Mr. Martínez explained.

    With the aim of disseminating and raising awareness in society about these issues, in 2015 the organization created the Ruta del Clima Radio – the Climate Radio Route.

    The programme was broadcast in the first years by a radio station of the University of Costa Rica and then by digital media through podcasts.

    Communities can make their voices heard

    “Communication that can have a massive reach has become very expensive and elitist,” Mr. Martínez said. “However, digital or traditional radio opens up that opportunity for communities, social organizations and movements to create their window and make their voices heard.”

    UNESCO argues that beyond popularising environmental concepts, by disseminating information independent of economic, ideological and political powers, radio can condition listeners’ perception of climate change, and the importance given to the issue.

    As such, radio can also contribute to shaping the public agenda and influencing policies in this regard.

    © La Ruta del Clima

    A training workshop on damage and loss in the community of Cahuita in Costa Rica.

    Connecting climate change to people

    The Climate Radio Route has focused a lot on connecting the issue of climate change with people, not only at the national level in Costa Rica, but throughout the Latin American region.

    The programme discusses issues most relevant in climate governance and amplifies the work and experiences and opinions of colleagues,  activists and experts from this region and others on climate issues.

    “Citizens can have information and criteria beyond what is in the official media and thus can have a more comprehensive vision and promote the effective participation of our communities in climate decisions,” Mr. Martínez said.

    Climate Route Radio productions are self-contained and include climate summits, community interviews and online interviews with people around the world in English or Spanish.

    In line with the SDGs

    The Climate Route underlines the importance of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those that refer to: climate action; peace, justice and solid institutions; and partnerships to achieve the goals.

    Mr. Martínez points out that the NGO has worked with some UN agencies, such as the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF) and the UN Development Programme (UNDP).

    “We collaborate, for example, with the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), on climate change issues, and we are always discussing with them and with the rapporteurs of the United Nations system or the OAS [Organization of American States] on environmental issues,” he said.

    Presidency of Costa Rica

    The impact of Storm Nate was catastrophic for Costa Rica, affecting 117 national roads and 113,000 hectares of agricultural production, damaging 423 bridges and causing more than $380 million in losses. (file)

    Climate justice claims

    Costa Rica is a country that for years has stood out for the ecological and climate awareness of its population and government, and the Climate Radio Route could have something to do with that awareness.

    “We know that we have a very specialised community of listeners and have helped to interact with this technical group from various countries: politicians, activists or members of governments or national delegations,” Mr. Martínez said, adding that it has also helped to talk about issues of human rights, gender and community perspective as well as make constructive criticism.

    This interaction, he adds, has made it possible to strengthen demands for climate justice.

    © La Ruta del Clima

    Adrián Martínez, director of La Ruta del Clima, facilitates a workshop on climate reparations at COP 29.

    A ‘very special’ radio

    “We are not a very large radio station, but perhaps very special in its message,” Mr. Martínez said. “I think that has opened doors for us to make our perspective known and create a link with this community that is sometimes difficult to engage.”

    In this vein, he underlined the relevance of radio.

    “It allows us to access communication in an oral way, which is sometimes very necessary to be able to have understanding,” he said. “The way we communicate orally is very different from the way we do in writing and sometimes we cannot communicate in the same way.”

    Radio is essential to be able to generate that dialogue of ideas, emotions and feelings that can enhance decision making for peace and for the construction of a better relationship with the environment.

    “I think we must continue to explore not only the use of radio, but also other media that connect us and understand the need to work together,” he said. “That is the important thing about the media: to be able to understand others and then to be able to take common action.”

    MIL OSI United Nations News –

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Beyond the Airwaves: 5 Powerful Impacts of Peacekeeping Radio Stations

    Source: United Nations – Peacekeeping

    Written by Maya Kelly, with materials from UNESCO. Ms. Kelly is a Strategic Communications Consultant and Social Media Coordinator for the UN Department of Peace Operations. She has a background in media, communications, technoculture, and education policy.

    Radio’s ability to connect communities and share real-time, impartial news is a powerful tool for peace, and for UN peacekeeping missions in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA), the Democratic Republic of Congo (MONUSCO), and South Sudan (UNMISS).

    MINUSCA’s Radio Guira, MONUSCO’s Radio Okapi, and UNMISS’s Radio Miraya harness radio to advance peace and security and reach millions of listeners every day. By sharing credible news, providing critical information during crises, empowering vulnerable populations, amplifying diverse community voices, and strengthening community engagement in solutions to conflict, all while supporting local journalists, UN peacekeeping radio stations are committed to broadcasting for a better world:

    1. Sharing credible news in conflict zones

    Our radio stations provide credible and trustworthy news to people in conflict zones and other remote areas where local media is often unable to reach due to limited internet. Broadcasts tackle harmful misinformation and disinformation by disseminating verified information and news in local languages, protecting community members and peacekeepers alike.

    2. Providing support and lifesaving information during crises

    In times of crisis, including conflict, natural disasters, and disease outbreaks like Ebola and COVID-19, UN peacekeeping radio stations broadcast critical information. From health messages to updates on safety and security, these broadcasts help save lives by reaching vast, diverse, and remote audiences with information in multiple local languages.

    3. Empowering vulnerable populations

    Our radio stations empower and amplify the voices of marginalized groups, including women and young people. Programs cover essential topics like human rights, gender equality, youth participation and how people can get involved in peace and political processes. When health or conflict crises cause schools to close, stations broadcast radio lessons for children. 

    4. Fostering civic education & dialogue

    Our radio stations help inform listeners about their rights, responsibilities and roles as citizens within a society. Talk shows and call-in segments provide a platform for dialogue, offering diverse communities and parties to the conflict a safe space to discuss sensitive issues.

    5. Supporting local journalism 

    UN peacekeeping radio stations are largely staffed by local journalists and community members who provide a rich and deep understanding of the political and security context and speak the local languages. Stations offer long-term career growth opportunities for reporters, presenters, producers and broadcast technicians who forge ahead long after peacekeepers have left.

    Broadcasting for a better world

    UN peacekeeping radio stations, and their hundreds of dedicated staff, are voices for peace in the countries they serve. They are united in their mission to broadcast for a more just, sustainable and peaceful world. 

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    As crisis rages in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, MONUSCO’s Radio Okapi remains steadfast in its commitment to providing ongoing, credible information on the situation. This vital station broadcasts 24/7 from 20 cities across the Democratic Republic of Congo and parts of the African region. 

    Watch this video to meet some of the people working behind the scenes of Radio Okapi’s critical operation.

    MIL OSI United Nations News –