Category: Africa

  • MIL-OSI Video: Women building peace in a changing environment – UN Vice Chief | Briefing | United Nations

    Source: United Nations (Video News)

    Briefing by by Amina J. Mohammed, Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations, on Women building peace in a changing environment, during the Security Council, 9760th meeting.

    “Madam President, Excellencies,
    First, let me begin by wishing everyone a happy UN Day.

    Every year, in this Chamber, the global community reaffirms its commitment to ensuring women’s full, equal, and meaningful participation in conflict prevention, resolution, and recovery, and to upholding their rights during times of war.

    Yet, progress remains dishearteningly slow.

    Peace and security decision-making is overwhelmingly dominated by men.

    And ending impunity for atrocities against women and girls is still but a distant goal.

    And the past year has been especially difficult.

    In Gaza, tens of thousands of Palestinian women and girls have been killed and injured amidst continued war and a terrible humanitarian crisis.

    Meanwhile, the plight of Israeli women still held hostage demands urgent action to ensure their safety and immediate release.

    In Lebanon, an escalation of destruction and displacement threatens women and girls’ safety and livelihood.

    In Sudan, women are enduring extreme suffering, facing not only the loss of loved ones but also the dire lack of access to essential services and medical care.

    I reiterate the Secretary-General’s calls:

    Civilians must be protected, civilian infrastructure must not be targeted, and international law must be upheld.

    The United Nations remains steadfast.

    We will not look away or lose hope.

    The women, peace and security agenda will always guide our work and show a path forward.

    Despite attacks on our offices, and the detention and killings of our staff in unprecedented numbers, allow me to honor the work of my colleagues and share examples of what they do.

    In peacekeeping missions, the women, peace and security agenda is a key political and strategic imperative.

    Our teams work tirelessly to help protect and assist women – from relocating human rights defenders to aiding women after their release from abduction by armed groups, from ensuring women’s representation in local dialogues to helping bring justice to women in places where sexual violence has long been met with impunity.

    In the Democratic Republic of Congo, for example, 57 percent of cases supported by the mission’s Prosecution Support Cells in 2023 involved conflict-related sexual violence, contributing to the conviction of dozens of members of armed groups and state security forces.

    In Abyei, earlier this year, one-third of participants in a post-migration conference were women – this was a first.

    In the Central African Republic, the mission is helping mobilize women for local elections that have not been held in 38 years.

    Deploying more diverse teams to peacekeeping operations has helped us deliver better on our mandates.

    The representation of women in most categories of uniformed personnel has doubled in the last five years, and initiatives have been put in place to foster gender-responsive work environments for all peacekeepers.

    Yet, much more remains to be done to improve the gender balance of our deployments and reap the benefits of inclusion and diversity.

    Success in peacekeeping hinges on the political support from Member States, especially those with the great honor of sitting in this Chamber to protect international peace and security.

    I commend the efforts of the United Arab Emirates to empower Women in Peace and Security. This initiative has provided training and capacity building opportunities for over 600 women from the Middle East, Africa and Asia in military and peacekeeping. The UN is a proud partner in these efforts that advance the Women, Peace and Security Agenda.

    Throughout the world, the UN reaches millions of displaced women and girls and survivors of violence with food, medical support, legal aid, shelter, access to safe spaces, psychosocial support, education, and jobs and livelihood opportunities.

    Yesterday, survivors of conflict-related sexual violence from many war-torn corners of the globe gathered for a Survivor’s Hearing to mark the 15th anniversary of resolution 1888.

    Effective protection from sexual violence is fundamental to women’s effective participation in peacebuilding, conflict recovery, and sustainable development that leaves no one behind.
    (…)” [ Excerpt]

    Full remarks [as delivered]: https://www.un.org/sg/en/content/deputy-secretary-general/statement/2024-10-24/deputy-secretary-generals-remarks-the-security-council-women-peace-and-security-delivered

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vo5fFT4s4XQ

    MIL OSI Video

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Minutes – Thursday, 24 October 2024 – Strasbourg – Final edition

    Source: European Parliament

    PV-10-2024-10-24

    EN

    EN

    iPlPv_Sit

    Minutes
    Thursday, 24 October 2024 – Strasbourg

    IN THE CHAIR: Esteban GONZÁLEZ PONS
    Vice-President

    1. Opening of the sitting

    The sitting opened at 09:00.


    2. Composition of committees and delegations

    The PPE Group had notified the President of the following decisions changing the composition of the committees and delegations:

    ENVI Committee: Hanna Gronkiewicz-Waltz

    FISC Subcommittee: Danuše Nerudová

    Delegation to the EU-Ukraine Parliamentary Association Committee: Michał Szczerba

    Delegation for relations with Israel: Hildegard Bentele to replace Daniel Buda

    Delegation to the EU-Türkiye Joint Parliamentary Committee: Daniel Buda to replace Hildegard Bentele

    The decisions took effect as of that day.


    3. Closing the EU skills gap: supporting people in the digital and green transitions to ensure inclusive growth and competitiveness in line with the Draghi report (debate)

    Commission statement: Closing the EU skills gap: supporting people in the digital and green transitions to ensure inclusive growth and competitiveness in line with the Draghi report (2024/2871(RSP))

    Janusz Wojciechowski (Member of the Commission) made the statement.

    The following spoke: Liesbet Sommen, on behalf of the PPE Group, Gabriele Bischoff, on behalf of the S&D Group, Paolo Borchia, on behalf of the PfE Group, Mariateresa Vivaldini, on behalf of the ECR Group, Brigitte van den Berg, on behalf of the Renew Group, Nela Riehl, on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group, Li Andersson, on behalf of The Left Group, Rada Laykova, on behalf of the ESN Group, Jagna Marczułajtis-Walczak, Heléne Fritzon, Pascale Piera, Georgiana Teodorescu, Grégory Allione, Sara Matthieu, Marina Mesure, Diego Solier, Andreas Schwab, Niels Fuglsang, Annamária Vicsek, Marlena Maląg, Hristo Petrov, Benedetta Scuderi, Dario Tamburrano, Pilar del Castillo Vera, Marcos Ros Sempere, Antonella Sberna, Ľudovít Ódor, Rasmus Andresen, Hanna Gedin, Sérgio Humberto, who also answered a blue-card question from João Oliveira, Elisabetta Gualmini, Kris Van Dijck, Billy Kelleher, João Oliveira, Giusi Princi, Tiemo Wölken, Beatrice Timgren, Catarina Martins, Andrea Wechsler, Marit Maij, Tobiasz Bocheński, who also answered a blue-card question from Branislav Ondruš, Arba Kokalari, Johan Danielsson, Paulius Saudargas, Idoia Mendia, Andrzej Buła, Estelle Ceulemans, Axel Voss, Alex Agius Saliba, Esther Herranz García, Marc Angel, Maravillas Abadía Jover, Annalisa Corrado and Bruno Gonçalves.

    The following spoke under the catch-the-eye procedure: Hélder Sousa Silva.

    IN THE CHAIR: Pina PICIERNO
    Vice-President

    The following spoke under the catch-the-eye procedure: Nina Carberry, Nikolina Brnjac, Tomislav Sokol, Maria Grapini, Branislav Ondruš, Grzegorz Braun and Milan Mazurek.

    The following spoke: Janusz Wojciechowski.

    The debate closed.


    4. Abuse of new technologies to manipulate and radicalise young people through hate speech and antidemocratic discourse (debate)

    Commission statement: Abuse of new technologies to manipulate and radicalise young people through hate speech and antidemocratic discourse (2024/2887(RSP))

    Janusz Wojciechowski (Member of the Commission) made the statement.

    The following spoke: Lídia Pereira, on behalf of the PPE Group, Alex Agius Saliba, on behalf of the S&D Group, Jorge Buxadé Villalba, on behalf of the PfE Group, Piotr Müller, on behalf of the ECR Group, Laurence Farreng, on behalf of the Renew Group, Kim Van Sparrentak, on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group, Pernando Barrena Arza, on behalf of The Left Group, Petras Gražulis, on behalf of the ESN Group, Eleonora Meleti, Sabrina Repp, Fabrice Leggeri, Ivaylo Valchev, Hristo Petrov, Alexandra Geese, who also answered a blue-card question from Sebastian Tynkkynen, Ivan David, Milan Mazurek (The President reminded the speaker of the provisions of Rule 10), Zoltán Tarr, Francisco Assis, Susanna Ceccardi, Paolo Inselvini, Irena Joveva, Lena Schilling, Christine Anderson, Ondřej Dostál, Manuela Ripa, Gerolf Annemans, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Jaume Asens Llodrà, Marc Jongen, Łukasz Kohut, Alexandre Varaut, Taner Kabilov, Sebastian Kruis, Tiago Moreira de Sá, who also answered a blue-card question from Bruno Gonçalves, Hermann Tertsch and Mathilde Androuët.

    The following spoke under the catch-the-eye procedure: Matej Tonin, Juan Fernando López Aguilar, Sebastian Tynkkynen and Lukas Sieper.

    The following spoke: Janusz Wojciechowski.

    The debate closed.

    (The sitting was suspended for a few moments.)


    IN THE CHAIR: Roberta METSOLA
    President

    5. Resumption of the sitting

    The sitting resumed at 12:05.


    6. Sakharov Prize 2024 (announcement of the winner)

    The President announced that Parliament had decided to award the 2024 Sakharov Prize to María Corina Machado, leader of the democratic forces in Venezuela, and to President-elect Edmundo González Urrutia, representing all Venezuelans fighting to restore freedom and democracy to their country.


    7. Request for the waiver of immunity

    The competent Lithuanian authorities had sent the President a request for Petras Gražulis’s immunity to be waived in connection with legal proceedings in Lithuania.

    Pursuant to Rule 9(1), the request had been referred to the committee responsible, in this case the JURI Committee.

    (The sitting was suspended for a few moments.)


    IN THE CHAIR: Javi LÓPEZ
    Vice-President

    8. Resumption of the sitting

    The sitting resumed at 12:10.

    The following spoke: Lukas Sieper (the President took due note).


    9. Voting time

    For detailed results, see also ‘Results of votes’ and ‘Results of roll-call votes’.


    9.1. Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (vote)

    Motions for resolutions RC-B10-0133/2024, B10-0129/2024, B10-0131/2024, B10-0133/2024, B10-0136/2024, B10-0139/2024, B10-0141/2024 and B10-0142/2024 (minutes of 24.10.2024, item I) (2024/2890(RSP))

    (Majority of the votes cast)

    JOINT MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION

    Adopted (P10_TA(2024)0029)

    (Motions for resolutions B10-0129/2024 and B10-0131/2024 fell.)

    (‘Results of votes’, item 1)


    9.2. People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (vote)

    Motions for resolutions RC-B10-0134/2024, B10-0130/2024, B10-0132/2024, B10-0134/2024, B10-0135/2024, B10-0137/2024, B10-0138/2024 and B10-0140/2024 (minutes of 24.10.2024, item I) (2024/2891(RSP))

    (Majority of the votes cast)

    JOINT MOTION FOR A RESOLUTION

    Adopted (P10_TA(2024)0030)

    (Motions for resolutions B10-0130/2024 and B10-0132/2024 fell.)

    (‘Results of votes’, item 2)

    (The sitting was suspended at 12:17.)


    IN THE CHAIR: Antonella SBERNA
    Vice-President

    10. Resumption of the sitting

    The sitting resumed at 15:00.


    11. Approval of the minutes of the previous sitting

    The minutes of the previous sitting were approved.


    12. Protecting our oceans: persistent threats to marine protected areas in the EU and benefits for coastal communities (debate)

    Commission statement: Protecting our oceans: persistent threats to marine protected areas in the EU and benefits for coastal communities (2024/2888(RSP))

    Janusz Wojciechowski (Member of the Commission) made the statement.

    The following spoke: Francisco José Millán Mon, on behalf of the PPE Group, Christophe Clergeau, on behalf of the S&D Group, France Jamet, on behalf of the PfE Group, Billy Kelleher, on behalf of the Renew Group, Isabella Lövin, on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group, Emma Fourreau, on behalf of The Left Group, Siegbert Frank Droese, on behalf of the ESN Group, Hélder Sousa Silva, André Rodrigues, André Rougé, Ana Miranda Paz, Per Clausen, Seán Kelly and Thomas Bajada.

    The following spoke under the catch-the-eye procedure: Niels Geuking, Jean-Marc Germain, Pernando Barrena Arza and Lukas Sieper.

    The following spoke: Janusz Wojciechowski.

    The debate closed.


    13. Explanations of vote

    Written explanations of vote

    Explanations of vote submitted in writing under Rule 201 appear on the Members’ pages on Parliament’s website.

    Oral explanations of vote


    13.1. Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (RC-B10-0133/2024)

    The following spoke: Seán Kelly.


    13.2. People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (RC-B10-0134/2024)

    The following spoke: Seán Kelly.


    14. Approval of the minutes of the sitting and forwarding of texts adopted

    In accordance with Rule 208(3), the minutes of the sitting would be put to the House for approval at the start of the next sitting.

    With Parliament’s agreement, the texts adopted during the part-session would be forwarded to their respective addressees without delay.


    15. Dates of forthcoming sittings

    The next sittings would be held on 13 November 2024 and 14 November 2024.


    16. Closure of the sitting

    The sitting closed at 15:41.


    17. Adjournment of the session

    The session of the European Parliament was adjourned.

    Alessandro Chiocchetti

    Roberta Metsola

    Secretary-General

    President


    LIST OF DOCUMENTS SERVING AS A BASIS FOR THE DEBATES AND DECISIONS OF PARLIAMENT


    I. Motions for resolutions tabled

    Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia

    Motions for resolutions tabled under Rule 136(2) to wind up the debate:

    on the situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (2024/2890(RSP)) (B10-0129/2024)
    Giorgos Georgiou
    on behalf of The Left Group

    on the situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (2024/2890(RSP)) (B10-0131/2024)
    Tomasz Froelich
    on behalf of the ESN

    on the situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (2024/2890(RSP)) (B10-0133/2024)
    Sergey Lagodinsky, Ville Niinistö, Maria Ohisalo, Catarina Vieira, Hannah Neumann, Nicolae Ştefănuță, Markéta Gregorová, Michael Bloss, Alice Kuhnke, Isabella Lövin, Pär Holmgren, Marie Toussaint
    on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group

    on the situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (2024/2980(RSP)) (B10-0136/2024)
    Yannis Maniatis, Nacho Sánchez Amor, Udo Bullmann, Raphaël Glucksmann, Francisco Assis
    on behalf of the S&D Group

    on the situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (2024/2890(RSP)) (B10-0139/2024)
    Nathalie Loiseau, Petras Auštrevičius, Helmut Brandstätter, Benoit Cassart, Olivier Chastel, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Bernard Guetta, Karin Karlsbro, Ľubica Karvašová, Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann, Hilde Vautmans, Lucia Yar, Dainius Žalimas
    on behalf of the Renew Group

    on the situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (2024/2890(RSP)) (B10-0141/2024)
    Rasa Juknevičienė, François-Xavier Bellamy, Michael Gahler, Andrzej Halicki, David McAllister, Sebastião Bugalho, Nicolás Pascual De La Parte, Isabel Wiseler-Lima, Daniel Caspary, Loucas Fourlas, Sandra Kalniete, Łukasz Kohut, Andrey Kovatchev, Andrius Kubilius, Miriam Lexmann, Vangelis Meimarakis, Ana Miguel Pedro, Davor Ivo Stier, Michał Szczerba
    on behalf of the PPE Group

    on the situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (2024/2890(RSP)) (B10-0142/2024)
    Şerban-Dimitrie Sturdza, Sebastian Tynkkynen, Aurelijus Veryga, Claudiu-Richard Târziu, Assita Kanko
    on behalf of the ECR Group

    Joint motion for a resolution tabled under Rule 136(2) and (4):
    on the situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (2024/2890(RSP)) (RC-B10-0133/2024)
    (replacing motions for resolutions B10-0133/2024, B10-0136/2024, B10-0139/2024, B10-0141/2024 and B10-0142/2024)
    Rasa Juknevičienė, François-Xavier Bellamy, Michael Gahler, Andrzej Halicki, David McAllister, Sebastião Bugalho, Nicolás Pascual De La Parte, Isabel Wiseler-Lima, Daniel Caspary, Loucas Fourlas, Sandra Kalniete, Łukasz Kohut, Andrey Kovatchev, Andrius Kubilius, Miriam Lexmann, Vangelis Meimarakis, Ana Miguel Pedro, Davor Ivo Stier, Michał Szczerba
    on behalf of the PPE Group
    Yannis Maniatis, Nacho Sánchez Amor, Raphaël Glucksmann, Udo Bullmann, Matthias Ecke, Francisco Assis
    on behalf of the S&D Group
    Emmanouil Fragkos, Sebastian Tynkkynen, Assita Kanko, Marion Maréchal, Aurelijus Veryga, Geadis Geadi, Rihards Kols, Bert-Jan Ruissen, Charlie Weimers
    on behalf of the ECR Group
    Nathalie Loiseau, Petras Auštrevičius, Helmut Brandstätter, Benoit Cassart, Olivier Chastel, Bernard Guetta, Karin Karlsbro, Ľubica Karvašová, Moritz Körner, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann, Hilde Vautmans, Lucia Yar, Dainius Žalimas
    on behalf of the Renew Group
    Sergey Lagodinsky
    on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group

    People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan

    Motions for resolutions tabled under Rule 136(2) to wind up the debate:

    on the People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (2024/2891(RSP)) (B10-0130/2024)
    Danilo Della Valle
    on behalf of The Left Group

    on the People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (2024/2891(RSP)) (B10-0132/2024)
    Petr Bystron, Hans Neuhoff
    on behalf of the ESN

    on the People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of UN Resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (2024/2891(RSP)) (B10-0134/2024)
    Markéta Gregorová, Ville Niinistö, Maria Ohisalo, Hannah Neumann, Diana Riba i Giner, Nicolae Ştefănuță, Erik Marquardt
    on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group

    on the People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (2024/2891(RSP)) (B10-0135/2024)
    Engin Eroglu, Petras Auštrevičius, Malik Azmani, Helmut Brandstätter, Dan Barna, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, João Cotrim De Figueiredo, Bernard Guetta, Svenja Hahn, Nathalie Loiseau, Ľubica Karvašová, Karin Karlsbro, Ana Vasconcelos, Lucia Yar, Dainius Žalimas
    on behalf of the Renew Group

    on the People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (2024/2891(RSP)) (B10-0137/2024)
    Yannis Maniatis, Kathleen Van Brempt, Tonino Picula
    on behalf of the S&D Group

    on People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (2024/2891(RSP)) (B10-0138/2024)
    Adam Bielan, Charlie Weimers, Bert-Jan Ruissen, Mariusz Kamiński, Sebastian Tynkkynen, Michał Dworczyk, Carlo Fidanza, Alexandr Vondra, Alberico Gambino, Rihards Kols, Reinis Pozņaks, Ondřej Krutílek, Veronika Vrecionová, Assita Kanko, Małgorzata Gosiewska, Joachim Stanisław Brudziński
    on behalf of the ECR Group

    on the People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (2024/2891(RSP)) (B10-0140/2024)
    Miriam Lexmann, Sebastião Bugalho, Rasa Juknevičienė, Danuše Nerudová
    on behalf of the PPE Group

    Joint motion for a resolution tabled under Rule 136(2) and (4):
    on the misinterpretation of UN resolution 2758 by the People’s Republic of China and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (2024/2891(RSP)) (RC-B10-0134/2024)
    (replacing motions for resolutions B10-0134/2024, B10-0135/2024, B10-0137/2024, B10-0138/2024 and B10-0140/2024)
    Michael Gahler, Miriam Lexmann, Sebastião Bugalho, Rasa Juknevičienė, Danuše Nerudová
    on behalf of the PPE Group
    Yannis Maniatis, Kathleen Van Brempt, Tonino Picula
    on behalf of the S&D Group
    Joachim Stanisław Brudziński, Adam Bielan, Mariusz Kamiński, Charlie Weimers, Michał Dworczyk, Alexandr Vondra, Veronika Vrecionová, Ondřej Krutílek, Rihards Kols, Maciej Wąsik, Sebastian Tynkkynen, Alberico Gambino, Bert-Jan Ruissen, Carlo Fidanza
    on behalf of the ECR Group
    Engin Eroglu, Petras Auštrevičius, Helmut Brandstätter, Dan Barna, Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová, João Cotrim De Figueiredo, Bernard Guetta, Svenja Hahn, Ľubica Karvašová, Karin Karlsbro, Moritz Körner, Nathalie Loiseau, Jan-Christoph Oetjen, Ana Vasconcelos, Dainius Žalimas
    on behalf of the Renew Group
    Markéta Gregorová
    on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group


    II. Petitions

    Petitions Nos 1126-24 to 1190-24 had been entered in the register on 18 October 2024 and had been forwarded to the committee responsible, in accordance with Rule 232(9) and (10).

    The President had, on 18 October 2024, forwarded to the committee responsible, in accordance with Rule 232(15), petitions addressed to the European Parliament by natural or legal persons who were not citizens of the European Union and who did not reside, or have their registered office, in a Member State.


    III. Documents received

    The following documents had been submitted by Members:

    – Mathilde Androuët, Jordan Bardella, Nikola Bartůšek, Marie-Luce Brasier-Clain, Markus Buchheit, Valérie Deloge, Elisabeth Dieringer, Anne-Sophie Frigout, Jean-Paul Garraud, Roman Haider, France Jamet, Virginie Joron, Julien Leonardelli, Aleksandar Nikolic, Philippe Olivier, Gilles Pennelle, Pascale Piera, Pierre Pimpie, Julie Rechagneux, André Rougé, Julien Sanchez, Malika Sorel, Rody Tolassy, António Tânger Corrêa, Matthieu Valet, Tom Vandendriessche, Roberto Vannacci and Alexandre Varaut. Motion for a resolution on the surge in the number of sub-Saharan migrants (B10-0065/2024)
    referred to committee responsible: LIBE
    opinion: DEVE

    – Virginie Joron. Motion for a resolution on the creation of a European fund, financed by the extraordinary profits from ‘COVID-19 vaccines’, to compensate victims and to finance research into the treatment of long COVID and its persistent side-effects (B10-0067/2024)
    referred to committee responsible: ENVI
    opinion: BUDG

    – João Oliveira. Motion for a resolution on solutions to the housing crisis (B10-0068/2024)
    referred to committee responsible: EMPL
    opinion: ECON

    – Beatrice Timgren. Motion for a resolution on the audit of green investments in light of Northvolt developments (B10-0069/2024)
    referred to committee responsible: CONT
    opinion: ENVI

    – Charlie Weimers. Motion for a resolution on limiting the freedom of movement for serious criminals (B10-0075/2024)
    referred to committee responsible: LIBE

    – Dick Erixon. Motion for a resolution on design and concept flaws of new own resources (B10-0076/2024)
    referred to committee responsible: BUDG

    – Marie-Luce Brasier-Clain and Catherine Griset. Motion for a resolution on Pink October (B10-0087/2024)
    referred to committee responsible: ENVI


    ATTENDANCE REGISTER

    Present:

    Aaltola Mika, Abadía Jover Maravillas, Adamowicz Magdalena, Aftias Georgios, Agirregoitia Martínez Oihane, Agius Peter, Agius Saliba Alex, Alexandraki Galato, Allione Grégory, Al-Sahlani Abir, Anadiotis Nikolaos, Anderson Christine, Andersson Li, Andresen Rasmus, Andrews Barry, Andriukaitis Vytenis Povilas, Androuët Mathilde, Angel Marc, Annemans Gerolf, Antoci Giuseppe, Arimont Pascal, Arłukowicz Bartosz, Arnaoutoglou Sakis, Arndt Anja, Arvanitis Konstantinos, Asens Llodrà Jaume, Assis Francisco, Attard Daniel, Aubry Manon, Axinia Adrian-George, Azmani Malik, Bajada Thomas, Baljeu Jeannette, Ballarín Cereza Laura, Bardella Jordan, Barna Dan, Barrena Arza Pernando, Bartulica Stephen Nikola, Bartůšek Nikola, Bausemer Arno, Bay Nicolas, Bay Christophe, Beleris Fredis, Bellamy François-Xavier, Benea Adrian-Dragoş, Benifei Brando, Benjumea Benjumea Isabel, Bentele Hildegard, Berendsen Tom, Berger Stefan, Berlato Sergio, Bernhuber Alexander, Biedroń Robert, Bielan Adam, Bischoff Gabriele, Blaha Ľuboš, Blom Rachel, Bloss Michael, Bocheński Tobiasz, Boeselager Damian, Bonaccini Stefano, Bonte Barbara, Borchia Paolo, Borrás Pabón Mireia, Borvendég Zsuzsanna, Borzan Biljana, Bosanac Gordan, Boßdorf Irmhild, Bosse Stine, Botenga Marc, Boyer Gilles, Boylan Lynn, Brandstätter Helmut, Brasier-Clain Marie-Luce, Braun Grzegorz, Brejza Krzysztof, Bricmont Saskia, Brnjac Nikolina, Bryłka Anna, Buczek Tomasz, Buda Waldemar, Budka Borys, Bugalho Sebastião, Buła Andrzej, Burkhardt Delara, Buxadé Villalba Jorge, Bystron Petr, Bžoch Jaroslav, Camara Mélissa, Canfin Pascal, Carberry Nina, Carême Damien, Casa David, Caspary Daniel, Cassart Benoit, Castillo Laurent, del Castillo Vera Pilar, Cavazzini Anna, Cavedagna Stefano, Ceccardi Susanna, Cepeda José, Ceulemans Estelle, Chahim Mohammed, Chaibi Leila, Chastel Olivier, Chinnici Caterina, Christensen Asger, Cifrová Ostrihoňová Veronika, Ciriani Alessandro, Cisint Anna Maria, Clausen Per, Clergeau Christophe, Cormand David, Corrado Annalisa, Costanzo Vivien, Cotrim De Figueiredo João, Cowen Barry, Cremer Tobias, Crosetto Giovanni, Cunha Paulo, Dahl Henrik, Danielsson Johan, Dauchy Marie, Dávid Dóra, David Ivan, Decaro Antonio, de la Hoz Quintano Raúl, Della Valle Danilo, Deloge Valérie, De Masi Fabio, De Meo Salvatore, Demirel Özlem, Deutsch Tamás, Dibrani Adnan, Diepeveen Ton, Dieringer Elisabeth, Dîncu Vasile, Disdier Mélanie, Dobrev Klára, Doherty Regina, Doleschal Christian, Dömötör Csaba, Dorfmann Herbert, Dostalova Klara, Dostál Ondřej, Droese Siegbert Frank, Düpont Lena, Dworczyk Michał, Ehler Christian, Ehlers Marieke, Eriksson Sofie, Erixon Dick, Eroglu Engin, Everding Sebastian, Ezcurra Almansa Alma, Falcone Marco, Farantouris Nikolas, Farreng Laurence, Farský Jan, Ferber Markus, Ferenc Viktória, Fidanza Carlo, Fiocchi Pietro, Firmenich Ruth, Fita Claire, Fourlas Loucas, Fourreau Emma, Fragkos Emmanouil, Freund Daniel, Frigout Anne-Sophie, Friis Sigrid, Fritzon Heléne, Froelich Tomasz, Fuglsang Niels, Funchion Kathleen, Furet Angéline, Gahler Michael, Gál Kinga, Galán Estrella, Gálvez Lina, García Hermida-Van Der Walle Raquel, Garraud Jean-Paul, Gasiuk-Pihowicz Kamila, Geadi Geadis, Gedin Hanna, Geese Alexandra, Geier Jens, Gemma Chiara, Gerbrandy Gerben-Jan, Germain Jean-Marc, Gerzsenyi Gabriella, Geuking Niels, Gieseke Jens, Giménez Larraz Borja, Girauta Vidal Juan Carlos, Glavak Sunčana, Glucksmann Raphaël, Goerens Charles, Gomes Isilda, Gonçalves Bruno, Gonçalves Sérgio, González Casares Nicolás, González Pons Esteban, Gori Giorgio, Gosiewska Małgorzata, Gotink Dirk, Gozi Sandro, Grapini Maria, Gražulis Petras, Griset Catherine, Gronkiewicz-Waltz Hanna, Grossmann Elisabeth, Gualmini Elisabetta, Guetta Bernard, Guzenina Maria, Gyürk András, Hahn Svenja, Haider Roman, Halicki Andrzej, Hansen Niels Flemming, Hassan Rima, Häusling Martin, Hava Mircea-Gheorghe, Hazekamp Anja, Heide Hannes, Heinäluoma Eero, Herbst Niclas, Herranz García Esther, Hetman Krzysztof, Hohlmeier Monika, Hojsík Martin, Holmgren Pär, Hölvényi György, Humberto Sérgio, Ijabs Ivars, Imart Céline, Incir Evin, Inselvini Paolo, Iovanovici Şoşoacă Diana, Jaki Patryk, Jalloul Muro Hana, Jamet France, Jarubas Adam, Jerković Romana, Jongen Marc, Joński Dariusz, Joron Virginie, Jouvet Pierre, Joveva Irena, Juknevičienė Rasa, Junco García Nora, Jungbluth Alexander, Kabilov Taner, Kalfon François, Kaliňák Erik, Kalniete Sandra, Kamiński Mariusz, Kanev Radan, Kanko Assita, Karlsbro Karin, Kartheiser Fernand, Karvašová Ľubica, Katainen Elsi, Kefalogiannis Emmanouil, Kelleher Billy, Keller Fabienne, Kelly Seán, Kennes Rudi, Khan Mary, Kircher Sophia, Knafo Sarah, Knotek Ondřej, Kobosko Michał, Köhler Stefan, Kohut Łukasz, Kokalari Arba, Kolář Ondřej, Kollár Kinga, Kols Rihards, Konečná Kateřina, Kopacz Ewa, Körner Moritz, Kountoura Elena, Kovatchev Andrey, Krah Maximilian, Krištopans Vilis, Kruis Sebastian, Krutílek Ondřej, Kubilius Andrius, Kubín Tomáš, Kuhnke Alice, Kulja András Tivadar, Kulmuni Katri, Lagodinsky Sergey, Lakos Eszter, Lange Bernd, Laššáková Judita, László András, Latinopoulou Afroditi, Laurent Murielle, Laureti Camilla, Laykova Rada, Lazarov Ilia, Lazarus Luis-Vicențiu, Le Callennec Isabelle, Leggeri Fabrice, Lenaers Jeroen, Leonardelli Julien, Lewandowski Janusz, Lexmann Miriam, Liese Peter, Lins Norbert, Lopatka Reinhold, López Javi, López Aguilar Juan Fernando, Lövin Isabella, Lucano Mimmo, Luena César, Łukacijewska Elżbieta Katarzyna, Lupo Giuseppe, McAllister David, Madison Jaak, Maestre Cristina, Magoni Lara, Maij Marit, Maląg Marlena, Mandl Lukas, Maniatis Yannis, Maran Pierfrancesco, Marczułajtis-Walczak Jagna, Maréchal Marion, Mariani Thierry, Marino Ignazio Roberto, Marquardt Erik, Martín Frías Jorge, Martins Catarina, Marzà Ibáñez Vicent, Matthieu Sara, Mavrides Costas, Mayer Georg, Mazurek Milan, McNamara Michael, Mebarek Nora, Meimarakis Vangelis, Meleti Eleonora, Mendes Ana Catarina, Mendia Idoia, Mertens Verena, Mesure Marina, Metsola Roberta, Metz Tilly, Mikser Sven, Millán Mon Francisco José, Minchev Nikola, Miranda Paz Ana, Montero Irene, Montserrat Dolors, Morace Carolina, Morano Nadine, Moreira de Sá Tiago, Moreno Sánchez Javier, Moretti Alessandra, Mularczyk Arkadiusz, Müller Piotr, Mullooly Ciaran, Mureşan Siegfried, Muşoiu Ştefan, Nagyová Jana, Negrescu Victor, Nerudová Danuše, Nesci Denis, Neumann Hannah, Nevado del Campo Elena, Niebler Angelika, Niinistö Ville, Nikolaou-Alavanos Lefteris, Nikolic Aleksandar, Ní Mhurchú Cynthia, Noichl Maria, Nordqvist Rasmus, Novakov Andrey, Nykiel Mirosława, Obajtek Daniel, Ódor Ľudovít, Ohisalo Maria, Oliveira João, Olivier Philippe, Omarjee Younous, Ondruš Branislav, Ó Ríordáin Aodhán, Orlando Leoluca, Ozdoba Jacek, Paet Urmas, Pajín Leire, Palmisano Valentina, Papadakis Kostas, Papandreou Nikos, Pappas Nikos, Paulus Jutta, Pedro Ana Miguel, Pedulla’ Gaetano, Pellerin-Carlin Thomas, Peltier Guillaume, Pennelle Gilles, Pereira Lídia, Pérez Alvise, Peter-Hansen Kira Marie, Petrov Hristo, Picaro Michele, Picierno Pina, Picula Tonino, Piera Pascale, Piperea Gheorghe, Pokorná Jermanová Jaroslava, Polato Daniele, Polfjärd Jessica, Pozņaks Reinis, Prebilič Vladimir, Princi Giusi, Protas Jacek, Pürner Friedrich, Rackete Carola, Radtke Dennis, Rafowicz Emma, Ratas Jüri, Razza Ruggero, Rechagneux Julie, Regner Evelyn, Repasi René, Repp Sabrina, Reuten Thijs, Riba i Giner Diana, Ricci Matteo, Riehl Nela, Ripa Manuela, Rodrigues André, Ros Sempere Marcos, Roth Neveďalová Katarína, Rougé André, Ruissen Bert-Jan, Ruotolo Sandro, Rzońca Bogdan, Saeidi Arash, Salini Massimiliano, Salis Ilaria, Salla Aura, Sánchez Amor Nacho, Sanchez Julien, Sancho Murillo Elena, Saramo Jussi, Sargiacomo Eric, Satouri Mounir, Saudargas Paulius, Sbai Majdouline, Sberna Antonella, Schaldemose Christel, Schenk Oliver, Scheuring-Wielgus Joanna, Schieder Andreas, Schilling Lena, Schneider Christine, Schwab Andreas, Scuderi Benedetta, Seekatz Ralf, Sell Alexander, Serrano Sierra Rosa, Serra Sánchez Isabel, Sidl Günther, Sienkiewicz Bartłomiej, Sieper Lukas, Singer Christine, Sippel Birgit, Sjöstedt Jonas, Śmiszek Krzysztof, Smith Anthony, Smit Sander, Sokol Tomislav, Solier Diego, Solís Pérez Susana, Sommen Liesbet, Sonneborn Martin, Sorel Malika, Sousa Silva Hélder, Squarta Marco, Stancanelli Raffaele, Steger Petra, Stier Davor Ivo, Storm Kristoffer, Stöteler Sebastiaan, Stoyanov Stanislav, Strada Cecilia, Streit Joachim, Strik Tineke, Strolenberg Anna, Sturdza Şerban-Dimitrie, Stürgkh Anna, Szczerba Michał, Szekeres Pál, Szydło Beata, Tamburrano Dario, Tânger Corrêa António, Tarczyński Dominik, Tarquinio Marco, Tarr Zoltán, Tavares Carla, Tegethoff Kai, Temido Marta, Teodorescu Georgiana, Ter Laak Ingeborg, Terras Riho, Tertsch Hermann, Timgren Beatrice, Tinagli Irene, Tobback Bruno, Tobé Tomas, Tolassy Rody, Tomašič Zala, Tomaszewski Waldemar, Tomc Romana, Tonin Matej, Toom Jana, Topo Raffaele, Torselli Francesco, Tosi Flavio, Toussaint Marie, Tovaglieri Isabella, Tridico Pasquale, Trochu Laurence, Tsiodras Dimitris, Turek Filip, Tynkkynen Sebastian, Uhrík Milan, Ušakovs Nils, Valchev Ivaylo, Vălean Adina, Valet Matthieu, Van Brempt Kathleen, Van Brug Anouk, van den Berg Brigitte, Vandendriessche Tom, Van Dijck Kris, Van Lanschot Reinier, Van Leeuwen Jessika, Vannacci Roberto, Van Sparrentak Kim, Varaut Alexandre, Vasconcelos Ana, Vautmans Hilde, Vedrenne Marie-Pierre, Ventola Francesco, Verheyen Sabine, Veryga Aurelijus, Vešligaj Marko, Vicsek Annamária, Vieira Catarina, Vilimsky Harald, Vincze Loránt, Virkkunen Henna, Vivaldini Mariateresa, Volgin Petar, von der Schulenburg Michael, Vondra Alexandr, Voss Axel, Vozemberg-Vrionidi Elissavet, Vrecionová Veronika, Vázquez Lázara Adrián, Waitz Thomas, Walsh Maria, Walsmann Marion, Warborn Jörgen, Warnke Jan-Peter, Wąsik Maciej, Wawrykiewicz Michał, Wcisło Marta, Wechsler Andrea, Werbrouck Séverine, Wiesner Emma, Wiezik Michal, Wilmès Sophie, Winkler Iuliu, Wiseler-Lima Isabel, Wiśniewska Jadwiga, Wölken Tiemo, Yar Lucia, Yon-Courtin Stéphanie, Yoncheva Elena, Zacharia Maria, Zajączkowska-Hernik Ewa, Zalewska Anna, Žalimas Dainius, Zarzalejos Javier, Zdechovský Tomáš, Zdrojewski Bogdan Andrzej, Złotowski Kosma, Zoido Álvarez Juan Ignacio, Zovko Željana, Zver Milan

    Excused:

    Gómez López Sandra, Homs Ginel Alicia, Lalucq Aurore

    MIL OSI Europe News

  • MIL-OSI Europe: A future of diversity

    Source: European Investment Bank

    In Mauritaina, economic inclusion is lower, especially for women, than in many neighbouring countries, such as Morrocco and Senegal. The percentage of women in the workforce is about 26%. This level has stayed about the same for the past few decades, according to the World Bank. Among men, labour participation is nearly 60%. Helping women get jobs will give a big lift to gross domestic product, according to the founders of the 2X Challenge. Youth unemployment also is high in Mauritania, at about 24%.

    Oumar Mohamed Saleh, a Bank for Commerce and Industry loan officer in Mauritania’s capital, Nouakchott, says it’s almost impossible to give loans to most women without support from the European Investment Bank. The terms of the cooperation with the European Investment Bank allow his bank to make  repayments longer, reduce interest rates or ease clients’ collateral requirements. These terms are important because women often don’t have big incomes and they don’t have a home or car in their name to use as collateral. The Bank for Commerce and Industry can also allow clients to pause their payments if they are having business troubles.



    “If a woman wants to set up a little business, such as selling doughnuts, they can’t go to a bank, because they usually won’t get a loan,” Saleh says. “Women end up working informally, making clothes or helping in food preparation. But today, we can help many of these women.”

    MIL OSI Europe News

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Angel investors commit US$350,000 to creative entrepreneurs at Afreximbank’s CANEX pitch session

    Source: Africa Press Organisation – English (2) – Report:

    ALGIERS, Algeria, October 25, 2024/APO Group/ —

    African Export – Import Bank’s (Afreximbank) (www.Afreximbank.com) Angel investors participating in a pitch session at the just-concluded CANEX WKND 2024 in Algiers have committed a total of US$350,000 in investment into the three best pitches presented at the competition.

    The pitch session, dubbed “CANEX Presents the Angels”, featured 12 creative entrepreneurs from 10 African countries who were selected to present their businesses for review with a view to raising capital for growth and expansion.

    Moji Hunponu-Wusu, Founder of Woodhall Capital, made the leading commitment of US$250,000 in equity by issuing an investment term sheet to Cameroonian fashion designer Kibonen Nfi, the founder of the Kibonen brand.

    An additional commitment of US$100,000 was made by a consortium of three angel investors: Ibrahim Sagna, Chairman of Silverbacks Holdings, Moji Hunponu-Wusu, and Efe Ukala, Founder of ImpactHER. They jointly agreed to invest in the top three pitches of the competition.

    With that arrangement, the equity commitment will go to Zimbabwean Pam Samasuwo-Nyawiri of Vanhu Vamwe, whose pitch earned the top spot, Ms. Nfi, whose pitch was second, and another Zimbabwean, Thulani Ngazimbi of The Rad Black Kids, who had the third best pitch.

    Commenting on the pitch session, Kanayo Awani, Executive Vice President, Intra-African Trade and Export Development Bank, Afreximbank, said that the competition was aimed at catalysing financing to complement the capacity building and market access support that the CANEX platform provides African creatives.

    “Facilitating access to angel investment like this complements our existing efforts by providing the capital required for creative entrepreneurs to maximize the benefits of our capacity building and market access interventions,” said Mrs. Awani, adding, “The investments into the creative enterprises will enable them to expand their businesses, trade across borders, create new jobs and contribute to economic development.”

    The four-day CANEX WKND 2024 ran from 16 to 19 October and was held under the theme “One People, United in Culture, Creating for the World”. It was attended by almost 4,000 delegates representing a diversity of creative sectors from across Africa and featured live performances, speeches by industry leaders and experts, masterclass sessions, fashion shows, sporting events, high energy music concerts and gastronomical showcases alongside a vibrant market and exhibition.

    MIL OSI Africa

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Mozambique’s 2024 elections: 9 major challenges that will face the new president

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By David Matsinhe, Losophone Research Specialist/Adjunct Professor in African Studies, Carleton University

    Daniel Chapo, Mozambique’s incoming president, faces an array of interconnected problems deeply rooted in historical, socioeconomic, and political dynamics.

    Chapo (47), comes from Frelimo, the former liberation movemen which has been in power since independence in 1975. He must balance meeting immediate needs with long-term structural change.

    Can the resource-rich but impoverished nation of 35 million expect a redirection of policies and strategies under Chapo to address its multifaceted crises?

    Chapo was born after independence and promises to act with integrity. But the old guard placed him in power to protect and promote their interests.

    Mozambique’s crises stem largely from systemic corruption under Frelimo. It has prioritised political elites over national welfare. Its decades of mismanagement, embezzlement and patronage have left institutions weak and unable to address pressing social and economic issues.

    The country is fragmented. The government has neglected the development of inclusive, accountable governance and equitable infrastructure. Regional disparities are the result. This is especially so in Cabo Delgado province, where disenfranchised citizens have become vulnerable to extremist groups.

    This lack of unity and long-term planning has created a fragile state unable to withstand mounting internal and external pressures.

    As a Mozambican social scientist and human rights specialist, I have spent my adult life wrestling with my country’s complex economic, social, cultural and political dynamics.


    Read more: 9 million Mozambicans live below the poverty line – what’s wrong with the national budget and how to fix it


    Mozambique stands at a critical point. The new president must confront the deep-rooted challenges with determination and comprehensive reforms.

    In my view, the new leader faces nine key challenges. These are a deep economic crisis, an Islamic insurgency in the north, climate change, drug trafficking, unemployment, corruption, poor infrastructure, kidnappings and unpaid public sector salaries.

    Economic crisis

    Mozambique’s economy has deteriorated, primarily because of structural imbalances and a dependence on extractive industries. GDP growth has declined sharply, from 7% in 2014 to 1.8% in 2023.

    Slower growth has resulted in over 62% of Mozambicans living in poverty.

    A public debt crisis was worsened by the “hidden debt scandal”: the discovery in 2016 of US$2 billion in previously undisclosed debts the government had guaranteed without the knowledge of parliament.

    This has limited the state’s capacity to invest in education, health and sanitation.

    Economic revival must be accompanied by targeted interventions to promote inclusive growth. All Mozambicans must benefit from economic activities to alleviate poverty.

    Insurgency

    Since 2017, extremist groups have used local grievances and regional disenfranchisement to destabilise northern Mozambique. Over 4,000 people have died. Nearly a million have been displaced.

    The conflict is rooted in socio-economic inequalities, made worse by the extraction of natural gas and rubies. Global and local actors compete for control.

    The new president’s role in mediating this crisis requires nuance. He must address the historical marginalisation of Cabo Delgado while balancing military and developmental responses.


    Read more: Between state and mosque: new book explores the turbulent history of Islamic politics in Mozambique


    He must also write a new chapter in the country’s deplorable human rights record. This is marked by widespread violations of the right to life, physical integrity, freedom from arbitrary detention, and freedoms of expression, assembly and the press.

    Climate change crisis

    Climate change intersects with Mozambique’s vulnerabilities. The country has been repeatedly struck by increasingly devastating severe cyclones, such as Idai and Kenneth in 2019.

    Deforestation has made it more fragile, reducing its capacity to mitigate flood and erosion risks.

    The new president will need to put in place policies that incorporate mitigation and adaptation strategies. He will also need to secure multilateral cooperation.

    Drug trafficking

    Drug trafficking networks have entrenched themselves. Porous borders, weak governance structures and endemic corruption have made Mozambique a corridor for heroin and cocaine trafficking.

    The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime estimates that US$100 million worth of heroin passes through Mozambique annually. This fuels informal economies that sustain political patronage networks.

    Tackling the problem requires stronger state institutions. It also requires regional and global collaboration to disrupt the transnational flow of narcotics.

    Unemployment

    Joblessness stands at over 70%, affecting youth in particular. Youth disenfranchisement risks perpetuating cycles of poverty, social instability and potential radicalisation.

    Policies promoting vocational training and entrepreneurship are essential. So is investment in labour-intensive sectors, such as agriculture and manufacturing.

    Corruption

    Pervasive corruption erodes public trust and stifles economic innovation. New efforts to combat corruption must go beyond superficial reforms. They must uproot the power structures that sustain these systems.

    Poor infrastructure

    Infrastructure is in disrepair. Urban roads are crumbling, public services are inadequate and electricity blackouts are frequent. Rural regions lack basic services such as clean water and healthcare.

    The next president will need to launch an ambitious infrastructure overhaul to improve living conditions and stimulate economic growth.

    Kidnappings

    Kidnappings, especially targeting the wealthy and business people, have created widespread fear and instability. The crime disrupts business operations and deters foreign investment, further harming economic growth.

    The high-profile nature of kidnappings suggests collusion between criminal networks and law enforcement as well as inefficiencies in the justice system.

    The persistence of kidnappings reflects broader governance issues. These include limited state capacity to respond effectively to organised crime.

    Unpaid public servants

    Delays in salary payments for public servants have worsened economic and social problems. The delays reduce public workers’ purchasing power. This has affected household consumption and local economies.

    Morale among employees is sapped, harming productivity and eroding trust in government institutions.


    Read more: Mozambique’s transgender history is on display in a powerful photo exhibition


    The new president must make public sector reforms. This includes auditing finances, improving revenue collection, enforcing fiscal discipline, promoting merit-based appointments, implementing probity laws, strengthening anti-corruption bodies, and diversifying the economy.

    The future of Mozambique rests on the ability of its next leader to address these profound and intertwined crises. It’s a huge task.

    Whoever it is will have to break from the Frelimo mould, reverse the damage done and set the country on a new path of clean governance, peace and inclusive economic growth.

    – Mozambique’s 2024 elections: 9 major challenges that will face the new president
    – https://theconversation.com/mozambiques-2024-elections-9-major-challenges-that-will-face-the-new-president-240923

    MIL OSI Africa

  • MIL-OSI Global: Mozambique’s 2024 elections: 9 major challenges that will face the new president

    Source: The Conversation – Africa – By David Matsinhe, Losophone Research Specialist/Adjunct Professor in African Studies, Carleton University

    Daniel Chapo, Mozambique’s incoming president, faces an array of interconnected problems deeply rooted in historical, socioeconomic, and political dynamics.

    Chapo (47), comes from Frelimo, the former liberation movemen which has been in power since independence in 1975. He must balance meeting immediate needs with long-term structural change.

    Can the resource-rich but impoverished nation of 35 million expect a redirection of policies and strategies under Chapo to address its multifaceted crises?

    Chapo was born after independence and promises to act with integrity. But the old guard placed him in power to protect and promote their interests.

    Mozambique’s crises stem largely from systemic corruption under Frelimo. It has prioritised political elites over national welfare. Its decades of mismanagement, embezzlement and patronage have left institutions weak and unable to address pressing social and economic issues.

    The country is fragmented. The government has neglected the development of inclusive, accountable governance and equitable infrastructure. Regional disparities are the result. This is especially so in Cabo Delgado province, where disenfranchised citizens have become vulnerable to extremist groups.

    This lack of unity and long-term planning has created a fragile state unable to withstand mounting internal and external pressures.

    As a Mozambican social scientist and human rights specialist, I have spent my adult life wrestling with my country’s complex economic, social, cultural and political dynamics.




    Read more:
    9 million Mozambicans live below the poverty line – what’s wrong with the national budget and how to fix it


    Mozambique stands at a critical point. The new president must confront the deep-rooted challenges with determination and comprehensive reforms.

    In my view, the new leader faces nine key challenges. These are a deep economic crisis, an Islamic insurgency in the north, climate change, drug trafficking, unemployment, corruption, poor infrastructure, kidnappings and unpaid public sector salaries.

    Economic crisis

    Mozambique’s economy has deteriorated, primarily because of structural imbalances and a dependence on extractive industries. GDP growth has declined sharply, from 7% in 2014 to 1.8% in 2023.

    Slower growth has resulted in over 62% of Mozambicans living in poverty.

    A public debt crisis was worsened by the “hidden debt scandal”: the discovery in 2016 of US$2 billion in previously undisclosed debts the government had guaranteed without the knowledge of parliament.

    This has limited the state’s capacity to invest in education, health and sanitation.

    Economic revival must be accompanied by targeted interventions to promote inclusive growth. All Mozambicans must benefit from economic activities to alleviate poverty.

    Insurgency

    Since 2017, extremist groups have used local grievances and regional disenfranchisement to destabilise northern Mozambique. Over 4,000 people have died. Nearly a million have been displaced.

    The conflict is rooted in socio-economic inequalities, made worse by the extraction of natural gas and rubies. Global and local actors compete for control.

    The new president’s role in mediating this crisis requires nuance. He must address the historical marginalisation of Cabo Delgado while balancing military and developmental responses.




    Read more:
    Between state and mosque: new book explores the turbulent history of Islamic politics in Mozambique


    He must also write a new chapter in the country’s deplorable human rights record. This is marked by widespread violations of the right to life, physical integrity, freedom from arbitrary detention, and freedoms of expression, assembly and the press.

    Climate change crisis

    Climate change intersects with Mozambique’s vulnerabilities. The country has been repeatedly struck by increasingly devastating severe cyclones, such as Idai and Kenneth in 2019.

    Deforestation has made it more fragile, reducing its capacity to mitigate flood and erosion risks.

    The new president will need to put in place policies that incorporate mitigation and adaptation strategies. He will also need to secure multilateral cooperation.

    Drug trafficking

    Drug trafficking networks have entrenched themselves. Porous borders, weak governance structures and endemic corruption have made Mozambique a corridor for heroin and cocaine trafficking.

    The United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime estimates that US$100 million worth of heroin passes through Mozambique annually. This fuels informal economies that sustain political patronage networks.

    Tackling the problem requires stronger state institutions. It also requires regional and global collaboration to disrupt the transnational flow of narcotics.

    Unemployment

    Joblessness stands at over 70%, affecting youth in particular. Youth disenfranchisement risks perpetuating cycles of poverty, social instability and potential radicalisation.

    Policies promoting vocational training and entrepreneurship are essential. So is investment in labour-intensive sectors, such as agriculture and manufacturing.

    Corruption

    Pervasive corruption erodes public trust and stifles economic innovation. New efforts to combat corruption must go beyond superficial reforms. They must uproot the power structures that sustain these systems.

    Poor infrastructure

    Infrastructure is in disrepair. Urban roads are crumbling, public services are inadequate and electricity blackouts are frequent. Rural regions lack basic services such as clean water and healthcare.

    The next president will need to launch an ambitious infrastructure overhaul to improve living conditions and stimulate economic growth.

    Kidnappings

    Kidnappings, especially targeting the wealthy and business people, have created widespread fear and instability. The crime disrupts business operations and deters foreign investment, further harming economic growth.

    The high-profile nature of kidnappings suggests collusion between criminal networks and law enforcement as well as inefficiencies in the justice system.

    The persistence of kidnappings reflects broader governance issues. These include limited state capacity to respond effectively to organised crime.

    Unpaid public servants

    Delays in salary payments for public servants have worsened economic and social problems. The delays reduce public workers’ purchasing power. This has affected household consumption and local economies.

    Morale among employees is sapped, harming productivity and eroding trust in government institutions.




    Read more:
    Mozambique’s transgender history is on display in a powerful photo exhibition


    The new president must make public sector reforms. This includes auditing finances, improving revenue collection, enforcing fiscal discipline, promoting merit-based appointments, implementing probity laws, strengthening anti-corruption bodies, and diversifying the economy.

    The future of Mozambique rests on the ability of its next leader to address these profound and intertwined crises. It’s a huge task.

    Whoever it is will have to break from the Frelimo mould, reverse the damage done and set the country on a new path of clean governance, peace and inclusive economic growth.

    David Matsinhe does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. Mozambique’s 2024 elections: 9 major challenges that will face the new president – https://theconversation.com/mozambiques-2024-elections-9-major-challenges-that-will-face-the-new-president-240923

    MIL OSI – Global Reports

  • MIL-OSI Economics: African Development Bank to co-host Chemicals and Fertilizers Investment and Trade Roundtable and Clinics

    Source: African Development Bank Group

    What:    Chemicals and Fertilizers Sectors Roundtable and Clinics

    Who:     The African Development Bank, in collaboration with the Chemicals and Fertilizers Export Council and the Chamber of Chemical Industries

    When:   10 am GMT+3; 28 October 2024

    Where:   Fairmont Nile City Hotel

    The African Development Bank, in collaboration with Egypt’s Chemicals and Fertilizers Export Council and the Chamber of Chemical Industries will host an investment and trade roundtable and clinic for top Egyptian Chemicals and Fertilizer companies on 28 October 2024 at Cairo’s Fairmont Nile City Hotel.

    The Roundtable will bring together African Development Bank private sector experts with top 30 manufacturers  and other stakeholders to discuss collaboration opportunities in support of boosting the chemicals and fertilizers industry sectors. Participants will learn about the Bank’s financial and non-financial support for Industrial and Trade Development.

    The event will also feature presentations from the private sector unit at the Ministry of International Cooperation to highlight its new partnerships and donor coordination platform (Hafez). The roundtable will benefit from contributions by African Development Bank and African Continental Free Trade Area trade experts, and the Egyptian Commercial Services representative in Africa, on practical guidelines and trade solutions to enhance Egypt’s two-way trade with other African countries.

    AGENDA

    10:00 – 10:30 REGISTRATION
    10:30 – 10:40 Opening by Dr Ghada Abuzaid,
    Principal Industrial Programs Coordinator, AfDB
    AfDB Video
    10:40 – 11:00 WELCOME Welcome Remarks
    African Development Bank
    Export Council and Chamber of Chemicals & Fertilizers
    Mr. Abdourahmane Diaw,
    Country Manager, AfDB
    Dr. Sherif El Gabaly,
    Chairman, Chamber of Chemicals and Fertilizers
     
    11:00 – 11:15 Egyptian Chemicals & Fertilizers Sector State of Affairs, Market Trends and Exports Potential Mr. Khaled Abo El Makarem,
    Chairman of the Export Council and Deputy Chairman of the Chamber
     
    11:15 – 11:40 LEARN 1st Panel:
    Partnerships and Financial Support to the Egyptian Chemical Industries
    & Takeaways
    Context setting by Dr Ghada Abuzaid and Top expertise panel.
    Dr. Tamer Taha,
    Head of Private sector, Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Ministry of International Cooperation and Planning
    Mr. Fernando Rodriques,
    Regional Lead Non-Sovereign Operations, AfDB Opening
     
    11:40 – 12:20 2nd Panel:
    Egyptian private sector contributions to developing the chemicals and fertilizers sector in Egypt and Africa
    & Takeaways
    Context setting by Mr. Yehia El Minshawy international Cooperation Manager and leading CEO Panelists
    Makarem Tex
    TCL
    MOPCO
    UNOX
    APG
    Eagle Chemicals
     
    12:20 – 13:00 3rd Panel:
    Potential of intra-Africa trade in promoting Egyptian Chemicals & fertilizers sectors
    & Takeaways
    Context setting by Dr. Khaled Melad,
    Head of the African Department, Egyptian Commercial Services and continental intra-Africa trade experts.
    Representatives of ECS in Africa – Ghana, Senegal, Kenya and Tanzania
    Mr. Abou Fall,
    Principal Trade Facilitation Expert, AfDB
    Mr. Mohamed Ali,
    Director of Trade in goods and competition, Africa Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA)
     
    13:00 – 13:15 AfDB’s Recent Support to Chemicals and Fertilizers Regional Champions Case Study – OCP, Morocco
    Case Study – SPIH, Cote d’Ivoire and Ghana
    Ms. Christelle N’Guessan, Senior Investment Officer, AfDB
     
    ROUNDTABLE’S OFFICIAL PHOTOS
    13:30 – 14:30 CONNECT Lunch and Networking to All. Participation in clinics is by invitation only.  

    MIL OSI Economics

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Debates – Thursday, 24 October 2024 – Strasbourg – Provisional edition

    Source: European Parliament 2

    Verbatim report of proceedings
     352k  770k
    Thursday, 24 October 2024 – Strasbourg Provisional edition
    1. Opening of the sitting
      2. Composition of committees and delegations
      3. Closing the EU skills gap: supporting people in the digital and green transitions to ensure inclusive growth and competitiveness in line with the Draghi report (debate)
      4. Abuse of new technologies to manipulate and radicalise young people through hate speech and antidemocratic discourse (debate)
      5. Resumption of the sitting
      6. Sakharov Prize 2024 (announcement of the winner)
      7. Request for waiver of immunity
      8. Resumption of the sitting
      9. Voting time
        9.1. Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (RC-B10-0133/2024, B10-0129/2024, B10-0131/2024, B10-0133/2024, B10-0136/2024, B10-0139/2024, B10-0141/2024, B10-0142/2024) (vote)
        9.2. People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (RC-B10-0134/2024, B10-0130/2024, B10-0132/2024, B10-0134/2024, B10-0135/2024, B10-0137/2024, B10-0138/2024, B10-0140/2024) (vote)
      10. Resumption of the sitting
      11. Approval of the minutes of the previous sitting
      12. Protecting our oceans: persistent threats to marine protected areas in the EU and benefits for coastal communities (debate)
      13. Explications de vote
        13.1. Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (RC-B10-0133/2024)
        13.2. People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (RC-B10-0134/2024)
      14. Approval of the minutes of the sitting and forwarding of texts adopted
      15. Dates of forthcoming sittings
      16. Closure of the sitting
      17. Adjournment of the session

       

    IN THE CHAIR: ESTEBAN GONZÁLEZ PONS
    Vice-President

     
    1. Opening of the sitting

       

    (The sitting opened at 9:00)

     

    2. Composition of committees and delegations

     

      President. – The EPP Group has notified the President of decisions relating to changes to appointments within committees and delegations.

    These decisions will be set out in the minutes of today’s sitting and take effect on the date of this announcement.

     

    3. Closing the EU skills gap: supporting people in the digital and green transitions to ensure inclusive growth and competitiveness in line with the Draghi report (debate)


     

      Janusz Wojciechowski, Member of the Commission. – Mr President, skills cut across all policies and this House has played an important role in putting skills high on the agenda, notably with the European Year of Skills, which was a huge success.

    Mario Draghi’s report shows that we must close the skills gap if we want to make Europe simultaneously competitive, fair and secure. This means stepping up investments in skills and education and training at different places and moments, from school to adult learning. These investments need to be public and private. At the European Union level, we are investing already, as of today, around EUR 44 billion in the EU Cohesion Policy, mostly from the European Social Fund Plus, and helping upskill and reskill 38 million people.

    Member States’ national recovery and resilience plans include reforms and investments in education, training and adult learning amounting to more than EUR 85 billion. The Just Transition Mechanism supports the most affected people, workers, companies and regions heavily dependent on carbon-intensive industries, notably by helping them with training to access new jobs in their region. Other programmes such as Erasmus+ and Digital Europe also contribute to skills development in their respective areas.

    But indeed, we have a skills gap in our labour markets. In many sectors, we don’t have enough people with the skills needed and this is the key ingredient missing if we want Europe to be competitive in the face of countries like the US and China. We face significant labour shortages. The European Union labour markets are losing one million people every year between now and 2050 because of ageing. Two thirds of European companies say that the lack of skills holds back their business activities and four out of five say they cannot invest and grow as much as they could. For SMEs, it is even more difficult: only one in five can find workers with the right skills.

    To address this, we adopted the action plan on labour and skills shortages. It is based on a broad consensus between Member States and social partners. The action plan builds notably on the European Skills Agenda, which is specifically aimed at harnessing the green and digital technology transitions. The European Year of Skills, with its 2000 events, showed that we were on the right track and we should use its momentum.

    There have been good results. The Pact for Skills has brought together businesses, unions, education and training providers and other stakeholders in a large partnership, joining forces to upskill workers. In the first years, about 3.5 million workers have been upskilled through action by the 3000 pact members. Individual learning accounts, a powerful tool that offers adults incentives and guidance to train over time, are being prepared in about half of all Member States. We expect them to be very helpful, in particular for workers in SMEs, which may not be able to have their own upskilling programmes.

    We launched the EU digital decade strategy to make sure Europe’s workforce is ready for a world where digital skills are increasingly essential in many areas of life. The digital education action plan supported the adaptation of the education and training systems of Member States, aiming to boost the provision of digital skills. The European Union has introduced specific measures for learning, for sustainability, integrating green skills and competencies into education and training systems across the Member States.

    But there is a lot of work still to do. Too many people don’t have good basic skills. We are far from our 80 % target of digital skills and 60 % target of adults in training.

    Last but not least, as is also stressed in the Draghi report, we need to significantly step up the anticipation of skills needs, which is also key for addressing labour shortages in future. We can build on the good analytical work by Cedefop and Eurostat on job vacancies and on the European network graduate tracking to bring analysis closer to the local needs. Another initiative under development on skills intelligence is the common European data space for skills, which will facilitate secure data pooling and sharing to foster the development of data-driven application for skills, demand and supply analysis.

     
       

     

      Liesbet Sommen, namens de PPE-Fractie. – Voorzitter, commissaris, de groene transitie en artificiële intelligentie: dat maakt onze mensen en bedrijven soms bezorgd. Dat is ook begrijpelijk. Het is aan ons, het beleid, om duidelijkheid en zekerheid te bieden. Want wij staan als Europese Unie op een kruispunt. Wij hebben terecht de meest ambitieuze klimaatwetgeving ter wereld, maar onze economie hinkt achterop omdat wij te weinig ruimte bieden aan technologische vooruitgang. Werknemers en landbouwers zijn daardoor soms bang om hun baan en toekomst te verliezen.

    Maar het goede nieuws is: wij zijn in staat om deze transities om te buigen naar kansen. Dat gaan we doen door in te zetten op grotere vaardigheden van onze mensen, via onderwijs en opleiding. Want menselijk kapitaal is wat onze Europese bedrijven sterk maakt. Laat ons trots zijn op ons Europese sociale model. De VS en China hebben slechts een volgende rol. We hebben echt behoefte aan een allesomvattende Europese financieringsstrategie voor onderwijs en opleiding. De focus moet liggen op STEM‑sectoren, wiskunde en wetenschap. Want het zijn die opleidingen die de beroepen naar de arbeidsmarkt brengen die onze bedrijven en onze landbouw in staat zullen stellen om te verduurzamen en te digitaliseren.

    Met sterker onderwijs en opleiding voor ons Europeanen gaan we er niet alleen in slagen om het klimaat en onze Europese economie te redden, maar ook om onze mensen te versterken. En inderdaad, dat zal ervoor gaan zorgen dat Europa haar leiderschapspositie van weleer opnieuw kan innemen. Europa staat op een kruispunt. Het is aan ons om de juiste weg in te slaan.

     
       

     

      Gabriele Bischoff, im Namen der S&D-Fraktion. – Herr Präsident, sehr geehrter Herr Kommissar, Kolleginnen und Kollegen! In der Tat, diese Transformation wird gelingen, wenn wir die Beschäftigten hier mitnehmen. Und der Draghi-Bericht stellt tatsächlich die Notwendigkeit von Fort- und Weiterbildung mit ins Zentrum, nicht nur für Wettbewerbsfähigkeit, sondern auch für Innovationsfähigkeit. Und es ist gut, dass das auf der Säule sozialer Rechte aufbaut, denn die garantiert zum ersten Mal ein Recht auf Weiterbildung – das müssen wir verankern, das ist ein Job für die nächste Kommission.

    Ich bin froh, dass der Kommissar die Rolle der Sozialpartner hervorgehoben hat, weil die essenziell ist: dass beide Seiten, dass Arbeitgeber wie Gewerkschaften, wie Betriebsräte zusammen in den Betrieben Konzepte entwickeln. Und ich bin froh auch – ich komme gerade von einer Debatte, wo es um ESF-Plus-Projekte ging, wo beide Sozialpartner in Deutschland, Arbeitgeber und Gewerkschaften, ein Programm zur Beratung und Qualifizierung hingekriegt haben.

    Deshalb bitte keine verkürzte skills-Debatte, sondern sehen, wir brauchen eine gute Grundqualifizierung und Akteure in den Betrieben, die das vorantreiben.

     
       

     

      Paolo Borchia, a nome del gruppo PfE. – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, signor Commissario, io non amo particolarmente essere pessimista. Però credo che, effettivamente, per colmare il ritardo con la Cina e con gli Stati Uniti ci servirà un mezzo miracolo, perché non possiamo pensare che l’unica parola d’ordine sia decarbonizzazione.

    Infatti, senza la competitività non andiamo da nessuna parte. Sul tema della mancanza dei lavoratori, Commissario, lei giustamente ha menzionato la mancanza di competenza e io credo che la mancanza di lavoratori qualificati sia purtroppo la chiave di volta. Anche perché, purtroppo, anche in quest’Aula c’è chi pensa che il problema si possa risolvere attraverso l’importazione di un esercito di manodopera di lavoratori a basso costo, che magari arrivano da Paesi lontani.

    E poi, in conclusione, c’è un grosso tema di autocritica, perché gli stessi che ci hanno portati ad essere fanalini di coda nell’economia globale, adesso sono quelli che pretendono di continuare a comandare, senza ascoltare quello che è il volere degli elettori.

     
       

     

      Mariateresa Vivaldini, a nome del gruppo ECR. – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, signor Commissario, formare, attrarre e trattenere i talenti sono propositi che in quest’Aula condividiamo tutti. Ma la sfida sui talenti non può essere scollegata dalle sfide sulla natalità. Dobbiamo incentivare le nascite con interventi strutturali, accompagnando i figli dalla nascita al mercato del lavoro.

    Diversi studi hanno previsto che all’Europa, nel suo insieme, mancheranno 35 milioni di persone in età lavorativa entro il 2050, soprattutto nelle zone rurali, accrescendo un divario che di per sé è già allarmante con le zone urbane. Significa che scienziati, medici, ingegneri, lavoratori specializzati che avrebbero potuto contribuire a cambiare il nostro futuro, non avranno mai questa opportunità.

    È ovvio – e lo rivendico con forza – che garantire una maggiore fruibilità delle competenze e degli spazi digitali è fondamentale. Però, mentre noi portiamo avanti questa riflessione, da un lato, c’è il Consiglio che ha proposto un taglio di quasi 300 milioni ad Erasmus, dall’altro, si continua a non portare avanti nessuna iniziativa sulla tutela delle donne lavoratrici con stipendi adeguati.

    I talenti vanno coltivati, ma innanzitutto vanno messi al mondo. Altrimenti ci troveremo ad avanzare ottime proposte politiche senza avere nessuno su cui applicarle.

     
       


     

      Nela Riehl, on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group. – Mr President, as the Draghi report outlines, the question of skills is not just one of preparing the labour force for changing demands, but also about giving people the tools to adapt and engage with a changing world and benefit from new technologies. This is what competitiveness should mean.

    As a teacher, I have great respect for traditional classrooms, but classrooms are only just the beginning. At the moment, only 40 % of European adults train every year. This is very far from the 60 % target that the EU set itself to reach by 2030. Training must be a lifelong commitment.

    Lifelong learning, development, developing digital skills, must be a fundamental right and not just a privilege reserved for a few. This isn’t just about preparing for tomorrow’s jobs. It’s about empowering everyone to thrive in a world that is always evolving.

    So what does this actually mean? First, we need to address the lack of investment in skills. Every euro spent on training is a euro invested in our economy and society. This needs to be reflected in public budget decisions.

    Second, we need to establish an individual right to training for every European worker. But beyond this, we must break down the barriers that prevent skills and qualifications being recognised across borders. Let us make lifelong learning the new norm!

     
       

     

      Li Andersson, The Left-ryhmän puolesta. – Arvoisa puhemies, kaikki puhuvat nykyään taidoista. Yritykset ovat nostaneet osaavien työntekijöiden puutteen esille keskeisimpänä kasvun esteenä Euroopassa. Työvoimapula vaivaa monia aloja, ja myös Draghin raportin viesti oli, että kaikille eurooppalaisille työntekijöille pitää turvata oikeus kouluttautua.

    On tärkeää, että Eurooppa nostaa yksiselitteisesti osaamisen ja oppimisen kilpailukyvyn keskiöön. Meidän ei tule kilpailla palkkoja polkemalla, työehtoja heikentämällä, luonnonvaroja riistämällä tai antamalla eriarvoisuuden kasvaa räjähdysmäisesti. Meidän tulee tehdä asioita uudella ja paremmalla tavalla – niin talouden vahvistamiseksi kuin ihmisten elämän parantamiseksi.

    Mutta olemmeko todellakin valmiita koulutuspolitiikkaan, joka vastaa näihin suuriin haasteisiin? Silloin niin työnantajilla kuin yhteiskunnilla pitää olla valmius rahoittaa työikäisten opiskelua nykyistä enemmän. Silloin työnantajien pitää olla valmiita antamaan työntekijöiden käyttää siihen työaikaa. Silloin työttömille pitää antaa vapaus ja mahdollisuus opiskeluun. Silloin myös koulutusjärjestelmämme tulee vastata paremmin erilaisten oppijoiden tarpeisiin. Tämä kaikki edellyttää aivan eri mittaluokan panostuksia kuin mitä me tähän asti olemme nähneet.

    Meidän tulee myös ymmärtää, että työvoimapulassa ei ole kyse vain taidoista tai niiden puutteista. Siinä on myös kyse työoloista – palkasta, työoloista, työehdoista ja mahdollisuuksista vaikuttaa. Mikään määrä taitoja tai koulutusta maailmassa ei korvaa sitä, että ihmiset saavat mahdollisuuden tehdä työnsä hyvin, kunnollista korvausta vastaan.

     
       

     

      Рада Лайкова, от името на групата ESN. – Уважаеми граждани на ЕС, единственото нещо, което е по-безидейно от доклада на Марио Драги, е стратегията, заложена в този доклад. Както и очаквахме, този уж външен доклад се цитира вече за всеки план на ЕС, като задължително се добавят думи, събудени думи или „woke“ думи като зелен, устойчив, дигитално приобщаващ, климатично, неутрален и т. н.

    Със стремежа си за уеднаквяване Европейският съюз сам създаде кризата в образованието, защото университетите станаха фабрики за хора с дипломи без истински знания. Учат се да повтарят, а не да мислят. А това не е целта на критичното мислене и образованието. Трудно ми е да повярвам, че ЕС иска да подобри образованието, защото тук няма интерес от информирани граждани, иначе не биха се въвеждали закони под предлог за защита от дезинформация.

    Информираните граждани не се третират като деца. Спомнете си клиповете за миене на ръце на Урсула фон дер Лайен. Европейският съюз има нужда от покорни, дигитално маркирани данъкоплатци, които не задават въпроси, затова и преследва подобна политика в сферата на образованието. Но в последните 15 години вече беше нанесена достатъчно вреда в тази сфера и този период скоро трябва да приключи.

     
       

     

      Jagna Marczułajtis-Walczak (PPE). – Panie Przewodniczący! Panie komisarzu! Problem luki w umiejętnościach w Unii Europejskiej jest kwestią bardzo złożoną. Umiejętności pracowników i systemy kształcenia, a z drugiej strony oczekiwania rynku pracy nie zbiegają się w jednym punkcie. To problem wieloaspektowy.

    Po pierwsze, szybkie zmiany technologiczne generują nowe, wymagające umiejętności, za którymi wiele osób nie nadąża. Po drugie, w wielu krajach Unii Europejskiej systemy edukacyjne i programy nauczania wymagają uelastycznienia. Po trzecie, luki w umiejętnościach wynikają także z nierówności regionalnych. Lokalni pracodawcy często nie są w stanie znaleźć odpowiednio wykwalifikowanej kadry w swojej okolicy. Po czwarte, kolejną ważną sprawą jest kwestia starzejącego się społeczeństwa. To wyzwanie, ale i okazja do budowania lepszych i dostępnych systemów opieki i rehabilitacji.

    Wspierajmy uczenie się zawodów opiekuńczych, które są nieocenione dla członków naszych rodzin, a które kiedyś będą nieocenione i dla nas. Potrzebujemy działań na wielu frontach, ale najważniejsze jest prawidłowe zrozumienie problemu, który niewątpliwie istnieje.

     
       


     

      Pascale Piera (PfE). – Monsieur le Président, après avoir été président de la Banque centrale et si étroitement impliqué dans les orientations de l’Union européenne, Mario Draghi pose le constat de l’inefficacité totale des politiques européennes, menées à bâtons rompus au détriment des peuples. Nous le savons, notre continent n’est plus que l’ombre de lui-même sur le plan industriel, sur le plan commercial, sur le plan migratoire.

    Mario Draghi fait-il un mea culpa? Jamais. Pour expliquer ce désastre, auquel il a activement participé, il exhibe la pénurie de compétences comme s’il s’agissait d’une pénurie de marchandises. Pour tenter d’y remédier, il nous projette dans la fantasmagorie de la transition numérique et verte en nous promettant, dans une novlangue insupportable, toujours plus d’Europe, toujours plus d’argent pour d’hypothétiques programmes éducatifs, et en réalité toujours plus d’intrusion pour ce qu’il reste de souveraineté aux États souverains.

    Mario Draghi fait l’économie de toute réflexion de fond et préfère l’asservissement de notre jeunesse aux écrans et aux propagandes wokistes. Pourtant, redonner un niveau de compétence à notre jeunesse, c’est encourager la connaissance de ses racines, la richesse de la littérature, le travail et l’esprit critique. Autant de conditions qui ne sont pas aujourd’hui assurées par l’Union européenne.

     
       

     

      Georgiana Teodorescu (ECR). – Domnule președinte, România are nevoie urgentă de redeschiderea școlilor vocaționale de arte și meserii. Am ajuns o țară de absolvenți de studii superioare care nu știu să facă nimic și care nu își găsesc locuri de muncă pe măsura diplomelor, așa că fie pleacă la munci necalificate peste granițe, fie se angajează în astfel de servicii chiar în țară. Astăzi, în România, un electrician câștigă mai bine decât un avocat sau un inginer, spre exemplu, și chiar și așa nu îl găsești spre a-l angaja.

    Această imagine critică asupra țării mele riscă să se reflecte și asupra Europei în curând. Dacă nu alocăm bani mulți pentru învățământul vocațional, vom ajunge să importăm astfel de forță de muncă doar din afara granițelor Uniunii Europene, în timp ce propriii noștri cetățeni vor fi asistați social. Colaborarea între Uniunea Europeană, sectorul privat și instituțiile de învățământ este esențială. Trebuie să creăm parteneriate care să adune resurse și expertiză ca să ne asigurăm că programele de formare răspund nevoilor de mâine.

     
       

     

      Grégory Allione (Renew). – Monsieur le Président, Monsieur le Commissaire, chers collègues, le rapport Draghi nous l’a montré: l’Europe doit devenir plus compétitive. C’est un défi existentiel, un défi pour voir l’Union devenir une actrice forte et indépendante sur la scène mondiale, cheffe de file dans les domaines de l’éducation, des nouvelles technologies et de la lutte contre le changement climatique.

    Nous le savons, l’investissement dans l’éducation et la formation, dans la protection sociale et la santé contribue à créer une société souveraine, plus résiliente, plus inclusive et, de fait, plus compétitive. Oui, nous devons d’urgence combler notre déficit en matière de compétences. Actuellement, près de 80 % des employeurs peinent à recruter des travailleurs possédant les compétences requises, quand ceux que nous avons formés font valoir, bien cher et outre-Atlantique, leurs compétences acquises ici en Europe. Par ailleurs, 60 % des travailleurs déclarent avoir besoin d’être formés aux outils de l’intelligence artificielle, quand 14 % le sont réellement. Enfin, nous le savons, il y a des pénuries de main-d’œuvre dans les domaines essentiels de la transition tels que la construction, la santé ou les énergies bas carbone.

    Le chantier est énorme. Le rapport Draghi nous donne la trajectoire comme les solutions. Sans renforcer les compétences de nos travailleurs, de notre richesse humaine, l’Union restera spectatrice de sa double transition – verte et numérique.

     
       


     

      Marina Mesure (The Left). – Monsieur le Président, pour les besoins de la bifurcation écologique, 25 millions d’emplois sont nécessaires. Mais combien de ces postes resteront non pourvus, faute de travailleurs correctement formés et de conditions de travail décentes?

    Prenons un secteur clé: celui de la construction. Nous savons tous ici qu’il y a urgence à rénover les bâtiments, car il s’agit d’un enjeu social majeur pour nos concitoyens, qui peinent à se loger et à payer leur facture énergétique, et d’un enjeu écologique, puisque les bâtiments représentent 40 % des émissions de gaz à effet de serre. Et bien, dans ce secteur, le manque de main-d’œuvre est une préoccupation pour 96 % des entreprises.

    Alors pourquoi si peu de candidats? Le rapport Draghi apporte une explication parmi d’autres: les salaires peu attrayants, qui contribuent à ce déficit dans un secteur qui compte encore un mort par jour. Donc, si vous voulez parler compétitivité, très bien! Mais vous ne pouvez pas le faire sans parler démocratie sociale, valorisation de ces métiers essentiels, formation continue, conditions de travail dignes, reconnaissance de la pénibilité au travail et garantie d’un environnement de travail sain et sûr pour toutes et pour tous.

    C’est ainsi que nous rendrons les métiers essentiels à la bifurcation écologique attrayants et que nous comblerons le déficit de main-d’œuvre.

     
       

     

      Diego Solier (NI). – Señor presidente, señor comisario, señorías, si queremos una Europa competitiva, realista y sostenible, necesitamos cambios de impacto rápido en nuestros ciudadanos.

    Tenemos tres importantes áreas en las que hay que dar un giro de 180 grados.

    Primero, una pirámide poblacional suicida y totalmente invertida. Sin políticas de familia, natalidad y conciliación laboral, esto no se resolverá ni importando a millones de inmigrantes, como pretenden ustedes.

    Segundo, despolitización de la educación de Europa. Solo priorizando la excelencia y el esfuerzo de los estudiantes, superaremos la mediocridad: agilicemos la homologación de títulos universitarios europeos, desarrollemos una conexión empresarial con esos mismos entornos educativos de éxito.

    Y, tercero, la formación a los empleados en tecnologías para que exploten sus productividades. El 99 % de nuestro tejido empresarial es pequeña y mediana empresa y carece de los recursos necesarios para cumplir con toda la burocracia que les imponemos desde Europa.

    El tiempo de actuar es ahora. Mañana ya será tarde.

     
       

     

      Andreas Schwab (PPE). – Herr Präsident, Herr Kommissar, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Mario Draghi hat uns auf fast 400 Seiten hier mit seinem Bericht die Schwachstellen der EU-Gesetzgebung ins Stammbuch geschrieben. Aber er kommt anders, als die Kollegin behauptet, nicht zu dem Ergebnis, dass das, was wir gemacht haben, alles falsch ist, sondern wir haben, was die Qualifikationslücke angeht, im Binnenmarkt falsche Anreize gesetzt. Und dafür haben wir eigentlich seinen Bericht nicht gebraucht, denn es war schon bei vielen Unternehmensbesuchen offensichtlich, dass wir es mit den Berichtspflichten schlicht übertrieben haben. Nicht jedes wünschenswerte Ziel braucht auch eine Berichtspflicht.

    Das Beispiel ist bekannt aus meinem Wahlkreis: Ein kleines mittelständisches Unternehmen muss, weil es Zulieferer für ein Großunternehmen ist, 1 600 Berichtspflichten erfüllen im Rahmen der Corporate Social Responsibility-Richtlinie. Da geht es natürlich darum, dass die drei neuen Mitarbeiter, die dieses Unternehmen lange suchen muss, bevor sie eingestellt werden können, dann nicht in der Produktion sind, sondern beim Ausfüllen der Berichtspflichten. Gleichzeitig muss die große Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft auch zwei neue Mitarbeiter einstellen, um diese Berichtspflichten zu überprüfen, um den Jahresabschluss zu erstellen – das ist schlicht und ergreifend eine Fehlallokation.

    Wir müssen dazu kommen – und am besten in den ersten 100 Tagen der neuen Kommission –, dass der Unternehmer ein leeres Blatt Papier nimmt und drauf schreibt: Ich habe die Regeln verstanden und gelesen und hafte mit meinem Namen. Die Franzosen sagen dazu lu et approuvé. Das würde Bürokratie abbauen, die Sache vereinfachen und das Leben für viele Unternehmer wieder angenehmer machen mit dem Ziel, den Wohlstand der Bürgerinnen und Bürger in Europa zu steigern; und das können wir schaffen.

     
       

     

      Niels Fuglsang (S&D). – Hr. formand! Kære kolleger! I løbet af det sidste år har vi vedtaget meget vigtig lovgivning her i huset. Lovgivning om hvordan vi fremmer den grønne omstilling. Mål for vedvarende energi, hvor meget skal vi have? Mål for energieffektivitet. Lovgivning, der skal omstille industrien til at blive grøn. Men alt det her kan jo kun lade sig gøre, hvis vi har den nødvendige kvalificerede arbejdskraft. Hvis vi har tilstrækkeligt med faglærte, der kan sætte vindmøllerne op. Elektrikere, der kan sætte strøm til vores elbiler. Mekanikere, der kan reparere vores biler, og smede, der kan svejse vores pumper. Derfor har vi brug for kvalificeret arbejdskraft. Vi har brug for al den arbejdskraft, vi overhovedet kan tænke på, til at udvikle nye innovative teknologier. Og jeg er glad for at se, at Mario Draghi fokuserer på netop det her i sin rapport. Det er det, vi skal investere i sammen. Det er nu, det gælder.

     
       

     

      Annamária Vicsek (PfE). – Tisztelt Elnök Úr! A Draghi-jelentésben említett készséghiányokat és az európai versenyképesség súlyos hanyatlását nem pusztán tüneti kezelésekkel, hanem valódi versenyképesség-növelő intézkedésekkel lehet csak megoldani.

    Ilyen megoldás lehet például a magyar modell, amit a magyar elnökség programjának elemeként ismerhettünk meg. A felsőoktatásban, a szakképzésben és a felnőttképzésben kialakított stratégiai partnerség a felsőoktatási és szakképzési intézmények, valamint a gazdasági és társadalmi szereplők között öt év alatt már mérhető eredményeket hozott. Míg öt éve még csak 7 magyar egyetem, mára már 12 tartozik a világ legjobb 5 százalékába, sőt a világ legjobb 1%-ában is található magyar egyetem. 20%-kal nőttek a vállalati bevételek, nőtt a hallgatói létszám és nagy arányban csökkent a lemorzsolódás.

    A Bizottság meg kell, hogy kezdje Európa versenyképességének fokozását, ugyanakkor meg kell, hogy szüntesse a magyar felsőoktatási intézmények versenyképességét csökkentő diszkriminatív intézkedéseit, amely végső soron a teljes Európai Unió versenyképességét is csökkenti.

     
       

     

      Marlena Maląg (ECR). – Panie Przewodniczący! Panie komisarzu! Niedobór kwalifikacji to poważny problem, który dotyka całą Unię Europejską. Jak wynika z raportu Draghiego, około trzech czwartych europejskich firm zgłasza trudności ze znalezieniem pracowników z odpowiednimi umiejętnościami. Jednocześnie około 42% Europejczyków nie posiada podstawowych umiejętności cyfrowych. Nakładają się na to jeszcze problemy demograficzne starzejącego się społeczeństwa i daje to obraz rynku pracy.

    Choć polityka kształcenia i szkolenia leży w gestii państw członkowskich, Unia wspiera te wysiłki, popierając konkretnymi strategiami, programami oraz udzielając konkretnego wsparcia. Szczególne znaczenie mają tu umiejętności cyfrowe, szkolnictwo zawodowe, w tym inwestowanie w kształcenie ustawiczne. Bardzo ważne jest promowanie takich inicjatyw jak Junior Skills promujących młodych mistrzów zawodowych. Zamiast promować migrację, musimy zadbać o to, aby wykształcić własnych specjalistów po to, aby Unia Europejska była odporna na kryzysy i znacznie bardziej konkurencyjna.

     
       

     

      Христо Петров (Renew). – Г-н Комисар, инженери, IT специалисти, готвачи, Европейският съюз е изправен пред недостиг на работна ръка за много професии. В моята страна бизнесът има огромни проблеми при намирането на подходящи кадри. Докладът на Марио Драги призовава за принципно нов подход към уменията и аз съм съгласен. Но когато говорим за конкурентоспособност, трябва да говорим и за европейския социален модел, защото той прави Европа най-доброто място в света за живеене и работа.

    За да решим проблема, ние трябва да укрепим нашата стратегия за повишаване на уменията и преквалификация на работниците, както и да активираме цялото население в трудоспособна възраст с персонализирана подкрепа. Все още има нереализиран потенциал в нашите региони. Трябва и да привлечем таланти от цял свят, за това „EU Talent Pool“ ще бъде от огромно значение. Той трябва да насърчи законното наемане на работа, като гарантира безопасност, ефективност и адекватност.

    Време е да създадем правилния инструмент, който да е от полза както за работодателите, така и за търсещите работа.

     
       

     

      Benedetta Scuderi (Verts/ALE). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, la transizione ecologica e quella digitale ci offrono un’opportunità incredibile, non solo per creare milioni di posti di lavoro ma anche per rivoluzionare il nostro paradigma produttivo e socioeconomico verso un mondo del lavoro più giusto e inclusivo.

    La carenza di manodopera qualificata è evidente ed è quindi essenziale colmare il divario di competenze con percorsi di formazione e aggiornamento professionale. Questo impegno, però, non deve essere preso solo dall’industria ma anche da noi istituzioni, dal pubblico. Solo così, infatti, possiamo includere nel mondo del lavoro tutte le persone che ne rimangono sistematicamente escluse.

    Penso alle donne, alle persone razializzate, alle persone trans, a quelle con disabilità e a tutte quelle che subiscono discriminazioni. Penso ai giovani e a tutte le difficoltà a entrare nel mondo del lavoro a suon di tirocini non pagati e salari bassissimi.

    Quindi, ben venga riportare l’industria europea al centro dell’agenda politica: ma per farlo non possiamo commettere gli stessi errori del passato. Torniamo a parlare con le parti sociali in modo serio, rafforziamo la contrattazione collettiva, garantiamo standard elevati di sicurezza sul luogo di lavoro, lotta a pratiche antisindacali, a frodi, a sfruttamento sociale e, soprattutto, salari dignitosi.

    Un mercato del lavoro frutto di una società ineguale e un tessuto sociale impoverito non può essere competitivo.

     
       

     

      Dario Tamburrano (The Left). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, Stati Uniti e Cina concorrono per la supremazia nelle nuove tecnologie, come mobilità elettrica e intelligenza artificiale, mentre noi, con la nostra politica economica e industriale fallimentare, abbiamo perso decenni e posizioni e stiamo retrocedendo anche nelle politiche dell’istruzione e dell’educazione al digitale per le nuove generazioni.

    La nostra industria non cresce abbastanza, anche perché non coltiva abbastanza e protegge le intelligenze naturali. In questo scenario fosco, le nostre società subiscono, invece di governarli, gli effetti della digitalizzazione.

    È un’emergenza sociale e medica: il fenomeno dell’addicction digitale e di impoverimento delle capacità psico-relazionali, causati dall’esposizione permanente e inconsapevole alle nuove tecnologie digitali. È pertanto un imperativo morale rendere genitori e ragazzi più edotti degli effetti collaterali del digitale pervasivo e dell’intelligenza artificiale.

    E lancio un appello a Parlamento e Commissione, affinché si avviino programmi specifici di monitoraggio e prevenzione, soprattutto per i soggetti in età evolutiva. Per una volta, di fronte a una nuova tecnologia, preveniamo invece di curare.

     
       

     

      Pilar del Castillo Vera (PPE). – Señor presidente, señor comisario, cada persona debe tener su oportunidad en la transición digital. Solo con una formación adecuada cada uno podrá aprovechar todo el potencial que brinda la digitalización.

    Esta brecha, como señala el señor Draghi, que hay con países que tienen más desarrolladas tanto la innovación tecnológica como la formación tecnológica es, en buena medida, la que explica el déficit que tenemos nosotros respecto de la competitividad que tienen países como los Estados Unidos. Es imperativo que competitividad y formación digital vayan de la mano. La formación digital debe estar presente a lo largo de todo el período educativo; por ejemplo, la programación debe incorporarse siempre en los inicios de la educación escolar, para que los alumnos vayan comprendiendo la naturaleza digital del sistema en el que viven.

    Por otra parte, la Unión Europea debe incrementar el número de graduados CTIM, que, pese a los avances, todavía está lejos de cubrir la demanda que existe en estos perfiles. También es esencial reforzar la formación digital en los sistemas de formación profesional.

    Por último, la actualización y la adquisición de nuevas habilidades digitales deben ser constantes a lo largo de la vida; es más, hay que garantizarlo.

    En definitiva, la formación digital no solo es clave para lograr una Europa innovadora y competitiva, también lo es para que cada persona tenga su oportunidad en este proceso de transformación digital. Y, añado, no solo es esencial, también es urgente: el momento es ahora, mañana será tarde.

     
       

     

      Marcos Ros Sempere (S&D). – Señor presidente, señor comisario, hablar de juventud es hablar de futuro, y para que el futuro sea brillante necesitamos reforzar sus competencias.

    Las intenciones son buenas: la prueba es una futura vicepresidenta ejecutiva dedicada a estas competencias en la nueva Comisión Europea. Pero, sin embargo, los datos son más oscuros: los resultados de los jóvenes indican un déficit de competencias, y las proyecciones para 2035 apuntan a que este déficit aumentará.

    Debemos actuar. Necesitamos una estrategia europea para reducir el déficit en competencias en todas las fases de la educación. Tenemos que ofrecer a nuestros jóvenes herramientas para desarrollar competencias, mejorarlas y actualizarlas durante la vida adulta, y el reconocimiento automático de títulos académicos y de competencias para mejorar el entendimiento y la movilidad entre Estados miembros.

    2025 ya está aquí, y es la fecha que marcamos para pedir la implementación del Espacio Europeo de Educación. Hagámoslo realidad, hagamos brillar el futuro de nuestros jóvenes.

     
       

     

      Antonella Sberna (ECR). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, signor Commissario, il divario delle competenze rischia di frenare il nostro sviluppo e penalizzare la competitività dell’Europa e quello di genere, in particolare, continua a penalizzare il potenziale delle donne, specialmente nei settori strategici come la tecnologia.

    Secondo l’Istituto europeo per l’uguaglianza di genere, l’eliminazione di questo divario nei settori STEM potrebbe favorire la creazione di ulteriori 1.200.000 posti di lavoro. In occasione dell’Anno europeo delle competenze, in Italia il governo Meloni ha introdotto, con la legge 187 del 2023, la Settimana nazionale delle discipline STEM, con l’obiettivo di sensibilizzare e stimolare l’interesse dei ragazzi, e soprattutto delle ragazze, verso queste discipline. È una buona prassi e quindi può ispirare il lavoro di altri Paesi membri.

    In Europa, invece, la Commissione europea ha promosso il patto per le competenze, un’iniziativa che riteniamo importante, che invita le organizzazioni pubbliche e private a unire le forze e adottare azioni concrete per migliorare – soprattutto anche riqualificare – le persone in Europa. Ma non basta: sono necessarie una vera unione delle competenze, in cui l’accesso alle discipline chiave sia equo e accessibile per tutti, e la formazione per la riqualificazione professionale dei settori meno attrattivi.

    Dobbiamo garantire che le competenze acquisite in un Paese siano facilmente riconosciute in tutti gli Stati membri, favorendo la mobilità e l’inclusione lavorativa. Solo così possiamo affrontare il futuro con fiducia e rafforzare la competitività in Europa.

     
       

     

      Ľudovít Ódor (Renew). – Vážený pán predsedajúci, pán komisár, milí kolegovia, Európska únia musí v najbližších desaťročiach zvládnuť dve veľké transformácie – zelenú a digitálnu, a to so starnúcou populáciou. Táto misia je od začiatku odsúdená na zánik, ak sa nezbavíme zlozvykov z dvadsiateho storočia. Ktoré sú to? Po prvé, nemali by sme mladých pripravovať na konkrétnu profesiu, ale potrebujeme ich naučiť zručnosti na zvládnutie týchto výziev. Po druhé, prestaňme deliť život na vzdelávanie a následnú prácu. Nebuďme naivní, že dnešné poznatky nám postačia aj o 30 rokov. Práve digitalizácia a umelá inteligencia nám môžu pomôcť, aby sme sa kontinuálne učili tempom a spôsobom, ktorý nám vyhovuje. Po tretie, netvárme sa, že výborná priemerná kvalita univerzít stačí. Európska únia má na viac. Pre globálny úspech potrebujeme excelentnosť a musíme sa stať magnetom pre zahraničný talent. V dvadsiatom storočí sme si veľmi zvykli, že investície sú len o strojoch, betóne a asfalte. V dvadsiatom prvom storočí by mali byť najmä o ľudskom kapitáli.

     
       

     

      Rasmus Andresen (Verts/ALE). – Herr Präsident! Eine Million! Eine Million Fachkräfte fehlen bis 2030 allein dem deutschen Arbeitsmarkt, und in vielen anderen europäischen Staaten sieht das nicht anders aus.

    Über 60 % der kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen geben an, dass sie jetzt bereits Probleme haben, Fachkräfte zu finden. Der Fachkräftemangel ist eines der größten Probleme, das wir in der Europäischen Union in den nächsten Jahren haben, und ganz ehrlich: Es passiert viel zu wenig, um ihn anzugehen.

    Deshalb ist es gut, dass wir hier darüber reden, denn wenn wir wettbewerbsfähig sein wollen, dann brauchen wir qualifizierte Arbeitskraft. Die Antwort darauf ist: mehr Migration, mehr Investitionen in Bildung, eine bessere Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf und auch bessere Arbeitsbedingungen, denn nur mit attraktiven Jobs werden wir es schaffen, Menschen zu uns zu bekommen.

    Denn wir brauchen mehr Menschen, die in der EU arbeiten, und nicht weniger. Deshalb ist es ein Problem, wenn Nationalismus, Hass und Hetze die Debatte bei uns dominieren. Niemand möchte in einer Europäischen Union leben, wo Alice Weidel oder Marine Le Pen den Takt angeben. Wir brauchen eine Willkommenskultur, die Menschen begrüßt und sie dabei unterstützt, hier bei uns ihren Arbeitsweg zu bestreiten.

     
       


     

      Sérgio Humberto (PPE). – Caro Presidente, Caro Comissário, Caros Colegas, em Portugal temos um provérbio que nos ensina que não devemos chorar sobre o leite derramado, e é por isso que devemos falar de soluções para o desafio que enfrentamos. Permitam‑me que partilhe convosco três prioridades para agirmos, porque ninguém cresce na estagnação. Repito: ninguém cresce na estagnação.

    Primeira: precisamos de investir na aprendizagem ao longo da vida. Aprender é a base para sermos mais produtivos e competitivos nos nossos territórios. Aprender em qualquer momento, em qualquer lugar vai‑nos preparar para as profissões do futuro e garantir um crescimento inclusivo.

    Segunda: precisamos de apostar na transição digital e tirar mais partido dos dados e da inteligência artificial, principalmente nas áreas da saúde, da energia e da biotecnologia.

    Terceira: precisamos de transitar para uma economia mais verde, de desenvolver uma verdadeira união energética numa verdadeira União Europeia.

    Precisamos de estar mais próximos. É tentador achar que estamos todos muito longe uns dos outros. No meu país, Portugal, também já estive longe, mas o longe faz‑se perto. Todos juntos somos muito mais do que 27. Se trabalharmos todos juntos, ninguém fica para trás.

    (O orador aceita responder a uma pergunta «cartão azul»)

     
       

     

      João Oliveira (The Left), Pergunta segundo o procedimento «cartão azul». – Senhor Deputado Sérgio Humberto, falou, na sua intervenção, da importância da educação e da formação para a qualificação dos trabalhadores. E eu quero que nos diga: como é que isso se faz, aceitando as restrições orçamentais que a União Europeia nos impõe? Como é que isso se faz – como neste momento acontece em Portugal – com o Governo que o senhor apoia a apresentar uma proposta de Orçamento do Estado que, aceitando as restrições orçamentais que a União Europeia nos impõe, não investe na escola pública, não investe na contratação e na requalificação das carreiras dos professores, não investe na contratação e na valorização dos auxiliares de ação educativa, dos técnicos especializados?

    Como é que isso tudo se faz? Porque, senão, o seu discurso é uma contradição com a prática.

     
       

     

      Sérgio Humberto (PPE), Resposta segundo o procedimento «cartão azul». – Caro Colega João Oliveira, durante os últimos nove anos, o meu país foi governado pela esquerda. Uma geringonça entre o Partido Socialista, o seu partido – o Partido Comunista – e o Bloco de Esquerda. Durante nove anos, desinvestiu‑se no sistema público educativo, desinvestiu‑se na saúde, desinvestiu‑se naquilo que eram os serviços públicos e este Governo, nos últimos – apenas – seis meses, já demonstrou que está a apostar na educação, que é fundamental para as pessoas crescerem.

    Nós só conseguimos redistribuir se nós formos um país mais rico e mais próspero.

     
       

     

      Elisabetta Gualmini (S&D). – Mr President, Commissioner, the spread of digital technologies is having a huge impact on the labour market, and innovations such as AI, robotics, quantum technology and 6G are triggering a wave of new demands for a new generation of advanced digital skills.

    The Draghi report strongly highlights how digitalisation and AI are essential, for example for the public sector due to its ability to provide quality public goods in the fields of health, education, justice and welfare. We need to work hard on the European digital decade programme and its ambitious goals, pushing professional training and life-long learning.

    We are still lagging behind: in Italy, only 22 % of the population have advanced digital skills. Only 30 % of SMEs have implemented a solid digital strategy, which is not a luxury, it’s a strategic asset. So we shouldn’t be afraid of change and Europe’s strength has always relied upon its people. By empowering them, we ensure that our communities grow and that the EU remains a global leader in innovation.

     
       

     

      Kris Van Dijck (ECR). – Voorzitter, commissaris, ik kom uit een land dat geen grondstoffen heeft, maar wel hersenen. Dat is het beste menselijk kapitaal. Wat voor Vlaanderen geldt, geldt in hoge mate voor heel Europa. Echter, PISA-resultaten tonen ons keer op keer dat de studieresultaten van onze jongeren er niet op vooruit gaan. Integendeel. We moeten dus onze lidstaten oproepen – niet in hun plaats treden, maar oproepen en ondersteunen – om de kwaliteit van ons onderwijs fundamenteel te verbeteren en op topniveau te brengen.

    Daarvoor moeten we streven naar uitmuntende prestaties, met aandacht voor kennisoverdracht bij kinderen en scholieren. We moeten leerkrachten en docenten de ruimte geven om hun werk te doen: lesgeven. We moeten gebruikmaken van moderne digitale technieken in alle opleidingen. We moeten universiteiten laten samenwerken en uitwisselen, bijvoorbeeld met het Erasmus+‑programma, over de grenzen heen. We moeten technische opleidingen en kunstopleidingen elkaar laten bevruchten. We moeten onderzoekers en wetenschappers in de EU de nodige omkadering en infrastructuur bieden, zodat ze niet vertrekken. We moeten projecten waarin we veel geld hebben gestoken niet laten doodbloeden zolang er resultaten zijn, zoals nu met de fusiereactor JET dreigt te gebeuren. Goed onderwijs is de basis voor een sterk Europa.

     
       

     

      Billy Kelleher (Renew). – Mr President, the Draghi report makes very sober reading for us in the European Union with regard to the challenges that we face in the digital economy and in the green economy in particular. Also, when you couple that with the demographic changes that are happening and the fact that we are an ageing population, our skills and labour force planning leaves a lot to be desired.

    What has happened now is that we’ve been found out with regard to skills shortages in key areas right across the entire economy. For example, 54 % of EU businesses, big and small, report skills shortages as the most pressing issue facing them.

    So we need to incentivise and reward upskilling and reskilling. We also need to promote lifelong learning, something that is more important as life expectancy increases over the years, and back‑to‑education and back‑to‑work as well. There are many cohorts of people, particularly women, who are not able to get back into the workplace because of a lack of support when finished with child rearing.

    That is a key area where we have consistently failed across many economies in the European Union in terms of incentivising and supporting labour activation and back‑to‑work and back‑to‑education for cohorts that were locked out for various reasons.

    So I hope that we invest in skills and lifelong learning and back‑to‑education, and support labour mobility as well.

     
       

     

      João Oliveira (The Left). – Senhor Presidente, a produtividade do trabalho tem vindo a aumentar sempre acima da evolução dos salários reais. A consequência disto é a transferência de riqueza criada pelos trabalhadores para o capital, e esse problema só pode ser resolvido aumentando os salários e garantindo uma distribuição mais justa da riqueza criada. Essa é a questão de fundo.

    Mas, este debate sobre a competitividade centra‑se, apenas, na comparação concorrencial com os Estados Unidos e a China. O relatório de Draghi é uma espécie de Bíblia não confessada da Comissão Europeia. Nesse relatório, os trabalhadores são vistos apenas como peças de uma engrenagem de produção, os seus direitos e necessidades não são considerados e a competitividade é abordada, dando prioridade à criação de empresas monopolistas pan‑europeias, à concentração e centralização do capital, ao agravamento da exploração de quem trabalha.

    O caminho do desenvolvimento e da justiça social é outro e tem de ter no centro das preocupações e prioridades políticas os trabalhadores, os seus direitos, os seus salários, as suas condições de vida e uma distribuição mais justa da riqueza criada pelo trabalho.

     
       

     

      Giusi Princi (PPE). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, signor Commissario, la nostra capacità di rimanere competitivi e resilienti dipende dalla qualità delle competenze. La relazione Draghi evidenzia chiaramente come l’investimento in questo contesto sia essenziale per formare una forza lavoro altamente qualificata.

    È questa l’unica via per garantire all’Europa un ruolo leadership nelle industrie chiave come il digitale, l’energia verde e la finanza sostenibile. Nei primi vent’anni del XXI secolo abbiamo assistito a forme di conoscenza e di produzioni innovative che, in ultimo, con l’avvento dell’intelligenza artificiale, hanno generato profondi cambiamenti professionali. Il 56% dei lavori sta scomparendo e subirà imponenti trasformazioni entro pochi decenni.

    Occorre affrontare le nuove sfide ripensando a nuovi modelli educativi e formativi. L’Europa è ancora indietro negli investimenti, nella ricerca e nell’educazione rispetto a Stati Uniti e Cina. Ma anche all’interno dello stesso continente vediamo i Paesi del Nord investire maggiormente risorse umane rispetto alle aree marginali del Sud Europa.

    Il gruppo PPE e Forza Italia, con il suo recente documento economico, sono fermamente convinti che l’Anno europeo delle competenze debba quindi rappresentare un’opportunità per investire in modo uniforme in ricerca, educazione e innovazione per arginare la mancanza di specializzazioni e la profonda carenza tra domanda e offerta di competenze.

    Il nostro impegno, però, non può essere esclusivamente tecnico. Dobbiamo garantire che l’accesso alle competenze sia equo e inclusivo: tutti devono poter partecipare attivamente alla crescita europea per evitare che il progresso tecnologico crei nuove disuguaglianze.

     
       

     

      Tiemo Wölken (S&D). – Sehr geehrter Herr Präsident, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Die Liste der Herausforderungen, die Draghi uns ins Pflichtenheft geschrieben hat, ist lang. Da ist der unvollendete Binnenmarkt, da ist eine unkoordinierte Industriepolitik und immer größer werdende Abhängigkeit bei kritischen Technologien, die letztlich unsere politische Handlungsfähigkeit, aber auch unsere Gesellschaft als Ganzes bedrohen. Wir diskutieren jetzt aktiv die Bewältigung dieser Mammutaufgabe. Aber zu oft bleiben wir dabei bei plakativen, einfachen Forderungen. Die einen sagen „mehr Subventionen“, die anderen sagen „weg mit jeglicher Bürokratie“ – und das Problem sei gelöst.

    Diese vermeintlich einfachen Lösungen sind aber nicht die Antwort, denn Sie vergessen am Ende, worauf es ankommt – auf die Bürgerinnen und Bürger Europas. Wir brauchen für sie und mit ihnen eine digitale, eine grüne Transformation, die ganzheitlich ansetzt und den Menschen in den Mittelpunkt stellt. Und wir müssen fragen: Liebe Bürgerinnen und Bürger, was braucht ihr, um anzupacken, damit diese Transformation gelingt?

    Und ja, dazu gehören auch Subventionen und bürokratische Entlastungen. Aber es geht um gute Arbeitsplätze, um Arbeitnehmerinnen- und Arbeitnehmerrechte, um unsere Lebensbedingungen in Europa und das richtige Handwerkszeug für uns Europäerinnen und Europäer, und deswegen müssen wir gemeinsam anpacken.

     
       

     

      Beatrice Timgren (ECR). – Herr talman! EU vill överbrygga kompetensklyftan och öka konkurrenskraften enligt Draghi-rapporten. Men vad innebär det? Fler lånefinansierade bidrag som svenska sjuksköterskor och byggarbetare kommer att behöva betala och även framtida generationer.

    Draghi vill införa EU-skatter och avskaffa vetorätten. Det här är ett direkt hot mot Sveriges självständighet.

    EU föreslås också öka stödet till den digitala och den gröna omställningen. Det låter gulligt, men det blir en dyr affär för Sverige som redan är världsledande. Vi har redan plöjt ner miljarder i gröna prestigeprojekt som inte levererar. Räcker inte det?

    Det är vanliga medborgares intressen som vi ska värna, inte EU-kläggets utopiska visioner, som gör det svårt att driva företag, betala elräkningen eller få vardagen att gå ihop.

    Enligt tidningen Näringsliv borde Draghi-rapporten skrämma slag på EU. Jag undrar, lyssnar ni borgerliga EPP? Är ni beredda att hjälpa oss att skrota dessa galna planer?

     
       


     

      Andrea Wechsler (PPE). – Sehr geehrter Herr Präsident, sehr geehrte Damen und Herren! Am gestrigen Abend saß ich mit vielen jungen Menschen aus der Textilindustrie zusammen, die die Hoffnungsträger dieser Branche sind. Ich saß aber auch mit vielen Unternehmerinnen und Unternehmern zusammen, die diese Branche vertrauensvoll in die Hände der nächsten Generation geben wollen. Die Diskussion drehte sich immer wieder um die Frage: „Wie können wir, Alt und Jung gemeinsam, in Europa zusammenstehen, um den Wandel und die Transformation in Europa hin zu einer nachhaltigen, zu einer digitalen Zukunft zu gestalten?“

    Es zeigten sich immer wieder die zwei gleichen Herausforderungen: Es fehlt in der Textilindustrie, genauso wie in vielen anderen Branchen, der Nachwuchs; und zweitens stellen wir über die gesamte Arbeitnehmerschaft fest, dass essenzielle Kompetenzen, insbesondere im handwerklichen und digitalen Bereich, fehlen.

    Diese Herausforderungen können wir sogar in konkrete Zahlen fassen. Fast drei Millionen junge Menschen in Deutschland zwischen 20 und 34 Jahren haben keinen Berufsabschluss. Ihnen fehlen die essenziellen Kompetenzen, die Qualifikationen, die unser Arbeitsmarkt auch braucht. Das ist kein deutsches Phänomen; wenn wir den Bericht von Herrn Draghi ansehen, sehen wir, dass 42 % der Europäer die digitalen Fähigkeiten nicht haben, die sie für die Zukunft in Europa benötigen.

    Das ist nicht nur ein Alarmsignal, sondern das ist Auftrag für uns. Wir müssen mit aller Dringlichkeit den Fokus auf digitale und technische Kompetenzen legen und das in das Zentrum unserer Bildungslandschaft setzen. Wir müssen den Fokus auf lebenslanges Lernen legen und auch der älteren Generation eine Chance auf Weiterbildung geben.

    Für uns Christdemokraten steht der Mensch im Mittelpunkt unserer Politik. Wenn wir in unsere Bürgerinnen und Bürger, unsere jungen Talente, unsere erfahrenen Kräfte investieren, investieren wir in die Zukunft Europas.

     
       


     

      Tobiasz Bocheński (ECR). – Panie Przewodniczący! Dzisiejsza debata jest niesłychana, ponieważ kolejny raz, już niezliczoną liczbę razy dyskutujemy tutaj o tym samym. Unia Europejska znajduje się naprawdę w bardzo poważnym kryzysie gospodarczym i w kryzysie konkurencyjności, co wykazał raport Draghiego.

    Ale przychodzicie tutaj, deliberujecie i posługujecie się ciągle tymi samymi okrągłymi określeniami, z których nic nie wynika. Konkurencyjność nie bierze się z biurokracji, konkurencyjność nie bierze się z nadregulacji, nie bierze się z inflacji prawa. Konkurencyjność budowana jest przez przedsiębiorców. Konkurencyjność budowana jest przez wolność gospodarczą, która jest gnieciona od czasu przyjęcia traktatu z Lizbony przez dyrektywy i rozporządzenia Unii Europejskiej. Nie gwarantujecie i nie dajecie żadnej rękojmi, że jesteście w stanie przeprowadzić jakikolwiek skomplikowany, ambitny program, który doprowadzi do zwiększenia konkurencyjności w Unii Europejskiej.

    Powinniście zejść z tej drogi i dokonać głębokiej reformy ustawodawstwa europejskiego. Inaczej biegniemy ku ścianie i będziemy skansenem w porównaniu z Chinami i Stanami Zjednoczonymi.

    (Mówca zgodził się na pytanie zasygnalizowane przez podniesienie niebieskiej kartki)

     
       


     

      Tobiasz Bocheński (ECR), odpowiedź na pytanie zadane przez podniesienie niebieskiej kartki. – Ma pan częściowo rację, o tyle, o ile każde przedsiębiorstwo składa się zarówno z pracowników, jak i z pracodawcy. Ale nie jest prawdą, że powinniśmy akcentować jedynie rolę pracowników, ponieważ jeżeli tak będziemy robili, to doprowadzimy do sytuacji, w której nie będzie żadnych przedsiębiorstw i skończymy jak Związek Radziecki. Bogactwo narodów bierze się z pracy, jak pisał Adam Smith. Bogactwo narodów bierze się z przedsiębiorczości, a pracownicy mają dostawać godne wynagrodzenie za pracę, którą wykonują.

     
       



     

      Paulius Saudargas (PPE). – Mr President, Commissioner, dear colleagues, Europe is in a vicious circle. We all knew it, but Mario Draghi clearly stated it: the king is naked.

    We are not competitive anymore. We lack innovation. But who creates innovation? The people. But we are in a big shortage of those people. First of all, the demography. We are dying out. Secondly, the immigration does not solve the problem of shrinking labour force and does not reduce the skills gap because the migrants do not necessarily meet the right skills portfolio.

    This debate should be a clear message to our educational sector as well. The universities and schools should provide more up-to-date programmes in accordance with the market demand. But, of course, I do not question the need for EU to invest more. Investment in our brightest people and their haute couture skills is a most worthy investment.

    The skills shortage is a growing barrier to innovation. We have talent, but not enough. Europe produces only 850 science, technology, engineering and math graduates per million inhabitants per year, compared to more than 1 100 in the United States. So, having this type of dynamics, the problems will eventually grow. Additionally to the direct solutions in the educational system, we should also have in mind the demography and targeted immigration policy.

    Dear colleagues, the developing artificial intelligence and its adaptation in various sectors will open problems in the labour market that we never faced. Let’s be aware.

     
       


     

      Andrzej Buła (PPE). – Panie Przewodniczący! Panie komisarzu! Raport Draghiego i wiele innych badań oraz dokumentów pokazują, że mieszkańcy Europy dla własnego bezpieczeństwa zawodowego i poczucia osobistej wartości muszą mieć możliwość podnoszenia kompetencji i kwalifikacji. Chcemy, aby mieli warunki do kształcenia się przez całe życie. Trudno zmierzyć te wartości przez pryzmat potrzeb przedsiębiorców, ale wskazują oni, że konkurencja gospodarcza wymaga wysoko wykwalifikowanych kadr. Natomiast żaden mieszkaniec Europy nie powinien obawiać się, że czegoś nie umie, i bać się podejmować nowych wyzwań.

    Europejski Fundusz Społeczny ma ogromny, lecz wciąż niewykorzystany potencjał w zapewnieniu ukierunkowanych szkoleń i możliwości podnoszenia kwalifikacji. Dlatego też program ten powinien być kontynuowany także po 2027 roku, z odpowiednim, wysokim budżetem, tak aby mógł pełnić kluczową rolę w wyposażaniu naszego społeczeństwa w umiejętności przyszłości.

     
       

     

      Estelle Ceulemans (S&D). – Monsieur le Président, il est clair que des engagements forts doivent être pris pour améliorer les compétences et la formation, qui sont des composantes clés pour relever les défis des transitions climatique et numérique, mais aussi pour répondre à l’enjeu des pénuries d’emplois dans certains secteurs, comme ceux de l’aide aux personnes, des soins de santé et de l’enseignement.

    Mais il est important de souligner que cette question est surtout liée à celle de la qualité de l’emploi dans ces secteurs dits en pénurie. Tout d’abord, les salaires sont souvent trop faibles. Il faut donc faire en sorte de les hausser. Mais les conditions de travail posent aussi problème. Il faut donc œuvrer ensemble pour mieux aborder des sujets tels que les risques psychosociaux, le surmenage, le télétravail et le droit à la déconnexion.

    Enfin, reste la question de la conciliation entre vie privée et vie professionnelle. Ce point est déterminant pour mieux intégrer les femmes sur le marché du travail, il est aussi crucial pour les jeunes. Et puis, il faut reconnaître, et c’est essentiel, le rôle des interlocuteurs sociaux, qui sont les seuls à véritablement connaître les besoins des travailleurs et les réalités du monde du travail, et par conséquent à pouvoir répondre à ces enjeux de formation.

     
       

     

      Axel Voss (PPE). – Herr Präsident, Herr Kommissar, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Wir können nicht wirklich geschockt sein über die Erkenntnisse aus dem Draghi-Bericht. Seit Jahren hören wir eigentlich das Klagen, und wir nehmen es irgendwie nicht wirklich ernst. Wann müssen wir eigentlich mal aufwachen, glaube ich?

    Die digitale Agenda gehört an die Spitze unserer ganzen Agenda, und das muss wirklich ganz oben stehen, um die Menschen hier auch mitzunehmen. Bei dem digitalen Wettbewerb brauchen wir: erstens eine Garantie für die Hochgeschwindigkeitsverbindungen, für eine robuste digitale Infrastruktur; zweitens eine klare Strategie für digital skills, die die Ressourcen auch entsprechend bündelt; drittens ein EU-Visa-Programm auch für die digitalen Talente in der Welt; viertens eine offene und einheitliche Datenbank für Einzelpersonen und Unternehmen, um Umschulungsmöglichkeiten und Trainingsprogramme zu finden; und fünftens sollten wir auch umsonst Onlinekurse anbieten, um Kompetenzen im digitalen Bereich auch auszubauen.

    Jedenfalls sollten wir diese Entwicklungen wirklich ernst nehmen, und wir können uns heute nicht ernsthaft darüber beschweren, dass jemand außerhalb der Europäischen Kommission oder außerhalb des Parlaments uns erzählt, was wir machen müssen; das sollte schon von uns selber kommen. Deshalb hoffe ich, dass wir diesen Weg jetzt auch endlich beschreiten.

     
       


     

      Esther Herranz García (PPE). – Señor presidente, señor comisario, cuando hablamos del déficit de capacidades de competitividad, solemos siempre centrarnos en sectores relacionados con el desarrollo informático o la economía 4.0. Sin embargo, hay un sector económico clave para nuestra autonomía estratégica y nuestra competitividad al que no se le suele prestar atención, como es el de la agricultura y la ganadería.

    En las últimas décadas ha habido una enorme evolución en el uso de las nuevas tecnologías y técnicas de precisión en el sector primario, que requieren formación específica y avanzada para que pueda exprimirse todo su potencial. En esta línea, quiero felicitar a la Comisión Europea por impulsar el Pacto por las Capacidades en el sector agroalimentario: sé que hay voluntad de seguir apoyándolo durante este mandato y así espero que sea. Es vital para el desarrollo del tejido económico de las áreas rurales y para incentivar el relevo generacional.

    Y en esa misma línea, quiero aprovechar, antes de terminar, para pedir que se impulse una visión de la agricultura como sector económico atractivo también en las etapas formativas obligatorias. La agricultura y la ganadería deben ser un elemento fundamental en nuestras estrategias de competitividad y, sin atraer a futuros profesionales, será extremadamente difícil conseguirlo.

     
       

     

      Marc Angel (S&D). – Mr President, dear all, closing the EU’s skills gap is a must for all transitions that our society, our workforce and our economy are facing now and in the future. When it comes to the climate and to digital transitions, we need to come back to a positive narrative – highlighting the opportunities, but of course also addressing fears and doubts.

    To close our skills gap, we also need a true single market of skills by facilitating the recognition of the competencies of our workforces between our Member States.

    I want to thank Commissioner Nicolas Schmit for the work already delivered with the European Years of Skills, individual learning accounts and the extension of the Erasmus+ mission. All this has improved access to vocational education and training for all, and we must continue on that path.

    If the new Commission wants to use ‘skills, skills, skills’ as a mantra, we must not forget that our citizens, our workforce, young and old, will only embrace this if lifelong learning and upskilling lead to better jobs, to quality jobs.

    Indeed, when we discuss skills, we have to address the social dimension of competitiveness and jobs, and cherish social dialogue.

     
       


     

      Annalisa Corrado (S&D). – Signor Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, stiamo navigando in acque in tempesta, con profondi cambiamenti in atto che dobbiamo governare. Quando soffia il vento del cambiamento, gli stolti costruiscono muri, i saggi mulini a vento.

    L’Europa, alla prova di questa sfida, deve saper costruire un sistema di formazione e ricerca inclusivo e integrato, che consenta di sviluppare competenze con uno sguardo sistemico e multidisciplinare a servizio del bene comune, a servizio della trasformazione ecologica e digitale delle nostre economie e società.

    Serve una particolare attenzione alle competenze tecnico scientifiche. Impossibile governare questo cambiamento senza politiche di inclusione e sostegno per i giovani; impossibile, senza liberare l’enorme potenziale delle donne che sono tenute lontane dalle discipline tecnico-scientifiche da una spaventosa e antistorica arretratezza culturale, che non ha alcuna ragione di esistere: parola di ingegnera meccanica.

    Colleghe, colleghi, a partire dal bilancio 2025 e per il quadro finanziario del prossimo settennato, servono risorse all’altezza di questa sfida.

     
       

     

      Bruno Gonçalves (S&D). – Senhor Presidente, Mario Draghi avisou‑nos de que a Europa está a ficar para trás – uma economia menos competitiva, pouco inovadora e dependente de importações. A resposta da direita é sempre a mesma: cortes indiscriminados de impostos em benefício sobretudo das grandes empresas multinacionais. Mas não é assim que nós conseguimos mudar o nosso rumo.

    Reduzir o diferencial para os Estados Unidos e para a China, mas também para as assimetrias internas da nossa União, desenvolvendo as economias periféricas, exige uma indústria a sério, que contribua para uma redução das emissões com mais energias renováveis, uma indústria limpa, sustentável, que ofereça bons empregos para todos, sejam mais ou menos qualificados.

    Uma revolução digital tem também de ser social. Para isso, não há melhor solução do que investir nas pessoas. Só assim podemos garantir que a Europa de hoje tenha mão de obra especializada que nos faz falta; e, mais importante do que isso, que no futuro ninguém fica para trás. Ou esta é uma socialmente justa transição ou corre o risco de nunca ver a luz do dia.

     
       

       

    Catch-the-eye procedure

     
       

     

      Hélder Sousa Silva (PPE). – Senhor Presidente, Caro Comissário, Caros Colegas, o relatório de Draghi é bem claro: sem trabalhadores qualificados, o nosso futuro está claramente em risco. Hoje, as competências vão muito além da matemática e da gramática, é preciso dominar o digital e dominar também áreas transversais, como a sustentabilidade e a criatividade.

    Aqui, o Erasmus+ é verdadeiramente um aliado e este programa é muito mais do que mobilidade, é uma ponte entre a educação e o mercado de trabalho. Por isso, os cortes propostos pelo Conselho para o programa Erasmus+ são um erro estratégico e são verdadeiramente inaceitáveis. Daí que o Parlamento – e bem – proponha um reforço, para o ano de 2025, de cerca de 70 milhões de EUR.

    Agora, é tempo de agir, fortalecendo a competitividade, através do reforço da formação na nossa União.

     
       

       

    PRESIDENZA: PINA PICIERNO
    Vicepresidente

     
       


     

      Nina Carberry (PPE). – Madam President, Commissioner, the greatest asset that Europe has is its people. Since its inception, the European Union has funded and driven the development of its people through education, skills and apprenticeships.

    But if we are to compete on a global scale, we need to break down the barriers that are causing the skills gap in Europe. Housing, infrastructure, red tape, the cost of living – things that are not just unique to Ireland – are the main barriers. And while our urban areas are very attractive for our young skilled workforce, we need a more comprehensive plan for our rural areas. In my constituency, in the Midlands–North-West in Ireland, young people often see Dublin and other urban areas as their only option for work and education.

    The EU needs to be at the forefront of solving these problems with a comprehensive plan for the development of rural areas. We need to show young people that their future can be at home, that they can innovate and thrive, not tens of thousands of miles away, but right here in the European Union.

     
       


     

      Tomislav Sokol (PPE). – Poštovana predsjedavajuća, države članice, sve se više susreću s problemom nedostatka radne snage, a 54 % poduzetnika ističe da je žurno potrebno riješiti ovaj problem.

    U Draghijevom izvješću ispravno je primijećeno da su uzroci manjka radne snage neusklađenost obrazovnih sustava s potrebama tržišta rada, sve manji broj radno aktivnog stanovništva, ali i loši radni uvjeti gdje svakako spadaju i nekonkurentne plaće. Nedostatak kvalificirane radne snage i dalje je najvažniji ograničavajući čimbenik proizvodnje i sprečava jačanje europske konkurentnosti, a posebno ovim problemom pogođen je sektor turizma. Pored toga, nedostatak medicinskog osoblja, među kojima liječnika, medicinskih sestara i primalja, odavno je poznat i bitno utječe na kvalitetu pružanja zdravstvene skrbi pacijentima. Međutim, uvoz nisko kvalificirane radne snage iz trećih država nije dugoročno rješenje za ovaj problem. Zato odobravanju radnih dozvola ne smijemo olako pristupati. Stoga je važno kontinuirano raditi na poboljšanju radnih uvjeta, prilagođavanju obrazovnih programa potrebama tržišta rada, posebno u STEM području, te oblikovanju programa prekvalifikacija.

    Kolegice i kolege, neograničen uvoz radne snage dugoročno je neodrživ. Zato EU mora hitno djelovati na više razina. Očekujem stoga da nova Komisija u prvih 100 dana predstavi Akcijski plan za rješavanje pitanja nedostatka radne snage.

     
       

     

      Maria Grapini (S&D). – Doamnă președintă, domnule comisar, nu discutăm un subiect nou. De foarte mult timp constatăm că avem decalaje de competențe în Uniunea Europeană. Problema este, domnule comisar, dacă găsiți metodele bune, dacă se aplică. Avem multe programe: de reconversie, programe pentru competențe, mecanisme de ajustare, dar care este rezultatul? Vedem că nu reușim să eliminăm acest decalaj de competență. De ce?

    Educația trebuie suprapusă peste cerințele economiei. Avem o strategie acum de reindustrializare. De ce competențe avem nevoie? N-avem nevoie numai de diplome, avem nevoie de personal calificat. IMM-urile – 4 din 5 – nu-și găsesc oameni calificați. Nici celelalte companii n-au curajul să investească pentru că nu au personal calificat. De aceea, domnule comisar, sper ca noua Comisie să gândească când investește dacă are și un rezultat al investiției, și anume să eliminăm acest decalaj de competențe din Uniunea Europeană și între statele membre, dar și în raport cu piața globală.

     
       

     

      Branislav Ondruš (NI). – Vážená pani predsedajúca, dámy a páni, pri investíciách, aby znalosti a zručnosti pracujúcich zodpovedali technológiám či novým pracovným postupom, musíme dávať dôraz na to, aby z toho nemali prospech len firmy. U nás posilňujeme minimálnu mzdu, aby rástli aj tie ostatné, lebo zamestnávatelia si stále málo uvedomujú, že lepší zárobok a lepšie pracovné podmienky sú kľúčovou motiváciou pre celoživotné vzdelávanie. Ak nemajú ľudia zarábať viac, prečo by mali získavať nové znalosti a zručnosti len preto, lebo firmy, pre ktoré pracujú, budú konkurencieschopné? Lenže konkurencieschopnosť firiem, dámy a páni, má význam, iba ak sa prejaví aj na lepších pracovných podmienkach a vyšších platoch zamestnancov, nielen na ziskoch korporácií. Na Slovensku vytvárame systém individuálnych účtov, ktoré budú ľuďom poskytovať financie na vzdelávacie kurzy. Chcem presadiť, aby zamestnanci absolvovali vzdelávanie výlučne v pracovnom čase, a teda aby za čas strávený v kurze im firmy dali mzdu. Keďže kurzy zaplatíme z daní ľudí, považujem za férové, aby firmy prispeli aspoň takto.

     
       

     

      Grzegorz Braun (NI). – Madam President, ladies and gentlemen, this is no crisis. This is the result of your socialist policies. Just like famous and notorious socialist leaders Hitler, Stalin, Roosevelt had their plans – five-year plans, four-year plans, New Deal – so you have your Green Deal, Blue Deal, your migration pacts and so on and so on.

    You just can’t stop designing people’s future, stop messing around with our lives and our property. You don’t understand that you’re the main obstacle. While the other nations are conquering space, you’re changing bottle caps.

    This is the dimension of your ability. So please stop. The European Union has to be overthrown because the only dimension in which you could and you should be active is stability and security. The majority of you here are warmongers. So, the European Union, the Euro cohorts, should be overthrown.

     
       

     

      Milan Mazurek (NI). – Vážená pani predsedajúca, pomaly každý deň tu hovoríme stále o tom istom. Európska únia zaostáva, naše štáty sa prepadajú do chudoby. mladí ľudia si nie sú schopní zadovážiť normálne dostupné bývanie, pretože ceny nehnuteľností sú extrémne vysoké. Ale s čím máte, kolegovia, najväčší problém, je pomenovať vinníka tohto stavu. Ten vinník ste práve vy, ktorí hlasujete za väčšinu týchto nezmyselných európskych politík. Vinníkom sú ľudia, ktorí podporili v tomto pléne greend deal, ktorý obmedzuje životy ľudí na tej najzákladnejšej bazálnej úrovni. Vy zavádzate emisné povolenky pre domácnosti, vy predražuje palivá, vy spôsobujete vašimi ekonomickými sankciami, že život v Európe sa jednoducho prepadáva k stále horším a horším atribútom. Potom sa divíte, že Čína, Amerika, Rusko Európskej únii unikajú? Vy jednoducho potrebujete prestať s týmito nezmyselnými plánmi a nechať ľudí žiť normálne slobodne prosperovať a vyvíjať sa tak, ako to bolo v Európe odveky, keď Európa bola práve nositeľom inovácií vo svete. Toto plénum, Európska komisia a Európska rada sú kľúčovým dôvodom, prečo sa dnes takýmto spôsobom prepadáme.

     
       

       

    (Fine della procedura “catch the eye”)

     
       

     

      Janusz Wojciechowski, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, honourable Members, thank you very much for all contributions in this very interesting, inspiring debate. Particularly, as Commissioner for Agriculture, I’d like to thank those speakers who mentioned the importance of skills and education in agriculture. The modern agriculture requires high skills. Education and multidisciplinary knowledge is needed in this difficult job.

    There was in many speeches the question to compare development between the European Union and the United States. Maybe this is a good opportunity to mention that, in agriculture, despite having two times less agricultural land and having 12 times smaller farms in the European Union, the value of agricultural production is higher in the EU than in the US.

    We have also a very positive trade balance with United States, because the value of exports is about EUR 28 billion and imports about EUR 11 billion.

    Thank you again for the discussion. Adapting skills policy to the changing society and the changing labour market is, by definition, a continuous process. The European Year of Skills has left an important legacy. This legacy is reflected in the political guidelines of President von der Leyen, committing to the establishment of a Union of Skills in her next mandate. Europe needs this overarching political strategy to close the skills gap, to strengthen our competitiveness and social well-being.

     
       

     

      Presidente. – La discussione è chiusa.

     

    4. Abuse of new technologies to manipulate and radicalise young people through hate speech and antidemocratic discourse (debate)


     

      Janusz Wojciechowski, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, honourable Members, respect for human dignity and fundamental rights, including equality, are founding values of the Union.

    Hate speech, inciting violence and hatred on the grounds of race, colour, religion or ethnic origin is illegal in the EU also when it happens online. Hate waves starting online lead to polarisation and radicalisation and many turn into violent attacks.

    We have seen that new technologies are abused to foster anti-democratic views. Young people are particularly targeted and exposed. We must help young people become more resilient to extreme views. For them and for our democracies, as youngsters are the citizens of tomorrow.

    The EU horizontal framework to create a safer online space is the Digital Services Act (DSA). Under the DSA, online platforms have to set up new and user-friendly mechanisms to flag illegal content, and they must better explain their content moderation decisions. They are also obliged to promptly inform law enforcement or judicial authorities of any suspicion of a criminal offence involving a threat to the life or safety of a person.

    The major platforms like TikTok, Instagram, Facebook, Snapchat or YouTube need to identify and assess any systemic risk their services may pose. They need to ensure that illegal contact content does not go viral easily, and adapt their algorithms to protect minors.

    During the last six months, the Commission has opened investigations against TikTok, Meta and Instagram related to the protection of minors. The industry has committed to a voluntary code of conduct on countering illegal hate speech. Signatories must swiftly review hate speech noticed within 24 hours and swiftly remove illegal content. An updated version of this code is in the process of being integrated in the Digital Services Act, thus becoming part of its risk mitigation approach.

    The response of hate speech needs to involve citizens at large. We made this clear in the Commission communication of December last year on combating hate. In June, the Commission organised a European Citizens’ Panel on tackling hatred in society and focusing on digital threats. It showed that dialogue can overcome polarisation. The Commission is committed to following up on the citizens’ recommendations.

    In the fight against disinformation, the EU supports the European Digital Media Observatory. Independent fact-checkers, researchers and media literacy experts detect, analyse and expose potential disinformation threats. A wide network of trusted vloggers are already active in identifying illegal hate speech. They will soon benefit from the trusted flagger mechanism in the DSA.

    In the fight against hate and disinformation, it is also crucial to promote transparency, democratic accountability, pluralism and free and vibrant democratic debates. Last year, to support young citizens in the exercise of their electoral rights, the Commission adopted recommendations to Member States. This led to the signature of a joint code of conduct by European political parties ahead of the recent European Parliament elections. Your parties agreed to encourage inclusive political discourse and committed to refrain from disseminating content that incites violence or hate speech.

    Young people constitute a vulnerable group which can be exploited through the misuse of political advertising. With the new Political Advertising Regulation, it will not be possible to target political ads to young people at least one year under the voting age. Education plays a vital role in equipping all young people with the competencies to think critically about the content and discourse they encounter online and to actively combat efforts to radicalise and divide.

    Democratic citizenship education should equip all citizens with specific competencies to build their resilience against disinformation. Digital literacy is a key prerequisite for informed, confident and empowered digital citizens. The digital education action plan frames the commitment to implementing high-quality and inclusive digital education.

    Honourable Members, radicalisation is a complex process. It starts when somebody embraces an ideology or belief that accepts violence to reach a political or ideological goal. Artificial intelligence is increasingly being used for the dissemination of violent and terrorist content online that can lead to radicalisation.

    To counter that, the Commission has taken a number of important actions. This year we launched the EU Knowledge Hub for Prevention of Radicalisation to support Member States in preventing violent extremism at national level. Terrorists and violent extremists misuse the internet to spread their message to intimidate, radicalise, recruit and facilitate their actions.

    The European Union Internet Forum brings together tech companies, Member States, law enforcement agencies, civil society organisations and academia. Together, they develop concrete actions to address violent extremism and terrorist content online.

    In 2021, we adopted a regulation allowing Member States to issue removal orders of terrorist content to online service providers to be acted upon within 24 hours. So far, more than 1 100 removal orders were already issued.

    Looking after the well-being of younger people and children is a duty that we all have. We need to support them and give them the means they need to stand strong in the face of polarisation and not to fall prey to radicalisation. We need to understand the broader impacts of social media on them, and it is with this in mind that President von der Leyen announced an EU-wide inquiry on this topic in her political guidelines.

    I look forward to listening to your views in this multidimensional challenge.

     
       

     

      Lídia Pereira, em nome do Grupo PPE. – Senhora Presidente, o discurso do ódio online pode ser virtual, mas as consequências são bem reais. Há estudos que mostram que, em países como Portugal, um em cada dez jovens é vítima deste tipo de violência – um círculo vicioso que se perpetua, com vítimas a tornarem‑se agressores, e que vai afetando gerações. Embora as ofensas sejam virtuais, elas, de facto, têm impacto nas vidas reais; e a história de Nicole Fox, Coco, é um exemplo duro, como o PPE bem demonstrou numa campanha recente.

    No entanto, homens e mulheres sofrem de forma diferente com este fenómeno. Em Portugal, um grupo de Telegram onde 70 000 participantes, pessoas, devassam a intimidade das mulheres e, em alguns casos, de familiares. Este caso merece a nossa condenação e consternação. Seja a participação, a presença ou a própria existência desse grupo merecem o nosso repúdio. Este é um exemplo de um caso, e permitam‑me utilizar a palavra, de um caso nojento e inaceitável, cuja resposta só pode ser uma: meios para investigação e mão pesada nas penas.

    Mas, este combate não pode transformar‑se numa censura digital. Não podemos, sequer, cair na tentação de privatizar a responsabilidade pela gestão do discurso público digital, ao responsabilizar apenas as plataformas digitais. Isso representaria uma censura privada. Precisamos de maior capacitação judicial, maior colaboração com as plataformas digitais, maior consciencialização dos utilizadores – especialmente dos mais jovens – na utilização e nos riscos das redes sociais.

    O buraco negro do mundo digital cresce. O respeito entre homens e mulheres alicerça a convivência, a concórdia e a harmonia em sociedade, e esse, sim, tem de ser real.

     
       

     

      Alex Agius Saliba, on behalf of the S&D Group. – Madam President, what is illegal offline should be illegal online. Tech firms often use every dirty trick that they can think of to maximise their profits and keep their audience hooked through sensationalist and harmful content. Unfortunately, violent extremists are using the same tricks, and with predatory algorithms, troll farms and bots spewing misinformation and disinformation, catchy memes and short clips are finding ways to recruit, socialise and target young people that are particularly vulnerable to online propaganda, hate speech and violent content.

    The problem is not a new one, yet for many years we have treated the web as the digital Wild West, where everything was allowed. To change this, we must ensure that companies running social media platforms are not exploitative and do not cause harm, and that they keep their services safe and free from hate speech, misinformation and malicious algorithmic activities. To this end, we need to properly enforce the legislation already in place, demand results and impose larger sanctions on tech giants that fall short.

    Second, we need media and digital competences enshrined to all educational levels and for all generations. This will help young people, in particular, to develop critical‑thinking skills and build resilience to violent, extremist and terrorist content online. Young people need to know their rights, distinguish facts from opinions, understand how societies work and should work, the value of privacy and the protection of their personal data, and how technologies and social media can be manipulated, and how to safeguard themselves against it.

    Last but not least, we need to address the root causes of radicalisation, since there is no single cause or pathway into radicalisation and violent extremism. The digital technologies might be a facilitator, but they are rarely the cause. Radicalisation doesn’t happen overnight and, as a community, we all have a crucial role to play in ensuring our young people remain safe.

     
       

     

      Jorge Buxadé Villalba, en nombre del Grupo PfE. – Señora presidente, jamás en la historia de Occidente el ser humano ha sido sometido a este nivel de censura y tortura intelectual, convirtiendo al criminal en víctima y a la víctima en criminal.

    Publicar un tuit preguntando cuál es la nacionalidad del último asesino o violador en Barcelona no es un crimen; no es un crimen denunciar que las mujeres han perdido 900 medallas en competiciones deportivas porque hombres que dicen ser mujeres les han arrebatado los triunfos injustamente; no es un crimen publicar que tu novia se siente insegura desde que el presidente de turno de tu región decidió abrir un centro de inmigrantes ilegales en tu barrio; no es un crimen denunciar los asesinatos masivos de inocentes por parte de comunistas en Paracuellos o en Katyn; no es un crimen publicar la foto de un feto triturado en una clínica abortista; no es un crimen contar que España civilizó a América, acabó con el canibalismo y construyó hospitales, templos y universidades.

    Pero sí es un crimen introducir algoritmos para dirigir al usuario hacia los mensajes que los millonarios quieren que veas en Telegram o en Facebook; bloquear y suspender la cuenta de Donald Trump; ofrecer a Elon Musk —como hizo la Comisión Europea— un acuerdo secreto e ilegal para censurar el discurso político a cambio de no ser multado; detener a decenas de británicos por convocar en redes sociales manifestaciones contra la inseguridad y la inmigración ilegal; utilizar el Centro para Contrarrestar el Odio Digital del Reino Unido para matar la red social de Elon Musk; o, como está haciendo Kamala Harris, pagar a falsos verificadores de noticias para desinformar y cancelar.

    Así que, jóvenes, seguid haciéndolo: contad lo que vivís, denunciad a los responsables y sentíos libres para expresar lo que os dé la puñetera gana. La libertad de expresión es la libertad de los patriotas.

     
       

     

      Piotr Müller, w imieniu grupy ECR. – Pani Przewodnicząca! Nie ma wątpliwości co do tego, że powinniśmy zajmować się ochroną przed treściami, które mogą być szkodliwe, przed treściami, które mogą wpływać źle na społeczeństwo, a w szczególności na wychowanie dzieci.

    Natomiast w tej Izbie i również w Komisji Europejskiej ten temat jest wykorzystywany bardzo często do tego, aby podjąć kroki idące o wiele dalej. Kroki, które powodują, że ogranicza się możliwość swobody wypowiedzi. Kroki, które powodują, że wprowadza się prewencyjną cenzurę. Wreszcie kroki, które powodują, że pada propozycja wycofania się z możliwości szyfrowania danych, szyfrowania komunikacji w takich komunikatorach jak Signal, WhatsApp, Messenger i tak dalej.

    Komisja Europejska ostatnio przedstawiła jeden z projektów, który zakłada między innymi właśnie likwidację szyfrowanej komunikacji i prewencyjne skanowanie treści obywateli. Szanowni państwo, to jest chyba wersja chińskiego internetu, a nie europejskiego!

    Ja od Komisji Europejskiej domagam się jasnej deklaracji, że projekt Chat Control pod kątem likwidacji szyfrowania zostanie wycofany. To jest pierwsza rzecz. I domagam się wreszcie odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy proponowaliście nielegalne porozumienia pod adresem X, pod adresem Elona Muska?

     
       

     

      Laurence Farreng, au nom du groupe Renew. – Madame la Présidente, Monsieur le Commissaire, depuis peu la propagande néonazie est devenue cool. Ça s’appelle le «pop fascisme», ça fait florès sur les réseaux sociaux, c’est du prêt-à-penser pour les jeunes. Il y a quelques semaines, j’ai été profondément choquée en découvrant un clip et un jeu vidéo sur le thème de la remigration créé par la branche jeunesse de l’AfD, parti allemand d’extrême droite dont quatorze députés siègent ici, dans ce Parlement. C’est pourquoi j’ai demandé ce débat. Les images, créées par intelligence artificielle, utilisent tous les codes de la propagande nazie. On y voit des personnes blanches, blondes, aryennes, qui dansent sur de la musique techno en refoulant dans des avions des personnes racisées. Le refrain? «Nous les renvoyons tous!» C’est intolérable.

    Si les œuvres racistes envahissent l’internet, je note ici une escalade, parce que ce clip et ce jeu vidéo ont été créés par un parti politique – l’AfD. On peut certes s’abriter derrière les législations. Oui, nous avons le règlement sur les services numériques pour rendre les plateformes responsables des contenus qu’elles hébergent – et notamment TikTok, quand on s’adresse aux jeunes. Oui, il faut rendre ces plateformes responsables, mais, à ma connaissance, cette vidéo circule toujours sur X.

    Alors qu’en France, par exemple, un jeune sur cinq ne sait pas ce qu’est la Shoah, il faut aller plus loin et condamner effectivement tous les contenus racistes, en commençant par sanctionner les ennemis de la démocratie qui sont déjà parmi nous.

     
       


     

      Pernando Barrena Arza, en nombre del Grupo The Left. – Señora presidenta, como todo cambio disruptivo, las enormes ventajas derivadas de la utilización de las nuevas tecnologías también tienen otra cara, en este caso proporcionada por la deshumanización que permite el anonimato. El crecimiento de las posiciones de ultraderecha tiene mucho que ver con la manipulación online para difundir mensajes de odio y antidemocráticos, desde los deepfakes a la mera difusión masiva de información falsa y difamante: todo vale. Y hasta las nuevas mayorías en este Parlamento tienen mucho que ver con la utilización de esos recursos oscuros. Creo que ustedes ya me entienden.

    Es especialmente grave que las plataformas que permiten este comportamiento estén en manos de magnates que las explotan en clave pura y dura de negocio. Son cuentas empresariales que no tienen ningún interés ni responsabilidad social y a quienes no interesan ni la veracidad ni el interés público.

    Existe una necesidad de nuevas plataformas, nuevas herramientas moderadas en contenidos veraces y legítimos, por encima de la rentabilidad y de la cuenta de resultados, que prioricen el interés público. No hay iniciativa privada que asegure el interés público; esto solo puede ser garantizado desde el ámbito público y, por lo tanto, emplazamos a la próxima Comisión a que nos haga llegar una reflexión sobre cómo desde ese ámbito público europeo se pueden crear nuevas plataformas que superen el modelo de negocio actual y garanticen la utilidad pública.

     
       

     

      Petras Gražulis, ESN frakcijos vardu. – Sveiki, esu paskutinis Sovietų Sąjungos politinis kalinys. Dėl to, kad kovojau prieš komunizmą, prieš šią ideologiją, buvau sovietiniuose lageriuose kalinamas. Šiandien, atgavus nepriklausomybę Lietuvai, ir vėl matosi kuriama nauja ideologija – genderistinė ideologija, baisesnė už komunistinę ideologiją. Ir tie, kurie gina krikščioniškas vertybes, pasisako prieš genderizmą, jie yra persekiojami Europos Sąjungos, jie yra teisiami. Neduok Dieve, „Facebook’e“ ar socialiniame tinkle išsakysi savo krikščionišką poziciją, kad tai yra nusikaltimas, homoseksualizmas. Tu būsi teisiamas. Ir man Lietuvoje iškelta byla, kad skaičiau apaštalo Pauliaus laišką romiečiams. Kur mes einame? Ta pati diktatūra, sukurta Europoje, tik ne komunizmo, o kažkokio genderizmo ir prisidengiant žmogaus teisių pagrindu. Mes einame, Europa, į susinaikinimą. Kadangi atsisakome savo vertybių, priimame kažkokią tai iškrypusią ideologiją. Kai atėjo galas Sovietų Sąjungai, ateis galas ir Europos Sąjungai, jeigu ji nekeis savo ideologijos ir nedraus žodžio laisvo, o krikščionims išpažinti ir reikšti savo tikėjimą.

     
       

     

      Ελεονώρα Μελέτη (PPE). – Κυρία Πρόεδρε, αγαπητοί συνάδελφοι, στη χώρα μου, την Ελλάδα, πρόσφατα, μια ομάδα ανήλικων κοριτσιών οργάνωσαν μέσω διαδικτυακής πλατφόρμας τον ξυλοδαρμό μιας συμμαθήτριάς τους. Τα ηχητικά μηνύματα και το οπτικό υλικό που είδαν το φως της δημοσιότητας ήταν σοκαριστικά. Το βίντεο του ξυλοδαρμού έγινε viral. Το κορίτσι κατέληξε στο νοσοκομείο και οι φίλοι της παρακίνησαν τον κόσμο σε εκδίκηση μέσω ρητορικής μίσους, δημοσιοποιώντας στα μέσα κοινωνικής δικτύωσης τα στοιχεία των δραστών. Στο Βέλγιο ένας άνδρας αυτοκτόνησε γιατί εικονικός συνομιλητής, προϊόν τεχνητής νοημοσύνης, τον έπεισε να θυσιάσει τη ζωή του για να σταματήσει η κλιματική αλλαγή. Σε πολλά κράτη μέλη οι ίδιες οι πλατφόρμες χρησιμοποιούνται για να πολώσουν και να στρατολογήσουν νέους για τρομοκρατικές επιθέσεις.

    Είναι ξεκάθαρο πως οι νέες τεχνολογίες αποτελούν πλέον ένα νέο κανάλι διάδοσης εξτρεμιστικών απόψεων και στρατολόγησης ατόμων σε εγκληματικές πράξεις. Η Ευρώπη πρέπει να αντιδράσει και να δράσει. Έχει γίνει μια καλή αρχή με τους κανόνες που περιγράφονται στην πράξη για τις ψηφιακές υπηρεσίες. Χρειάζεται όμως και άλλη πίεση. Οφείλουμε να ποινικοποιήσουμε τη ρητορική μίσους. Χρειάζεται η ανωνυμία του διαδικτύου να αίρεται όταν αυτό είναι απαραίτητο. Πρέπει να βρεθεί ένας τρόπος να δαμάσουμε τη σκοτεινή πλευρά της τεχνητής νοημοσύνης. Είναι ανάγκη να ελέγχεται η πρόσβαση των παιδιών στο διαδίκτυο και να απαγορεύεται ρητά σε συγκεκριμένες παιδικές ηλικίες για το καλό όλων μας. Στη χώρα μου, η κυβέρνησή μας έχει ήδη ενσωματώσει την πράξη για τις ψηφιακές υπηρεσίες. Η Επιτροπή όμως οφείλει να ελέγχει την ενσωμάτωση του κανόνα σε όλα τα κράτη μέλη.

    Οι νέες τεχνολογίες έχουν να προσφέρουν πολλά καλά στην ανθρωπότητα, αλλά αυταπόδεικτα μπορούν να μετατραπούν σε σκληρά όπλα, ικανά να προάγουν τον τρόμο, το ψέμα, το φόβο, το μίσος, τη βία. Είναι στο χέρι μας αυτό να αλλάξει.

     
       

     

      Sabrina Repp (S&D). – Frau Präsidentin! Neue Technologien bieten große Chancen: Sie eröffnen den Zugang zu einer Welt des Wissens und der Vernetzung. Doch es gibt auch eine Kehrseite: Die Macht der großen digitalen Plattformen ist mittlerweile überdimensional gewachsen. Es beunruhigt mich, dass wir uns auf die moralischen Vorstellungen der wenigen Milliardäre verlassen, die diese Plattformen kontrollieren. Wir sollten uns nicht von der Tageslaune eines Elon Musk, eines Mark Zuckerbergs oder gar eines Wladimir Putins abhängig machen.

    Der Einfluss dieser Plattformen auf unsere Demokratie ist unübersehbar. Der Brexit war nur ein Vorgeschmack dessen, was passieren kann, wenn Algorithmen entscheiden, welche Inhalte wir sehen. Je radikaler der Inhalt, desto mehr Klicks bekommt er. Und das Ergebnis: eine verzerrte Realität, in der Angst, Hass und Misstrauen gegenüber unseren demokratischen Institutionen genährt wird. Das machen sich auch Abgeordnete der AfD hier aus dem Europäischen Parlament zu eigen: Wenn sie beispielsweise auf TikTok eine klare Abneigung gegenüber Immigration, Islam oder queeren Rechten zeigen, werden häufig Fake News und Hassreden verbreitet.

    Besonders betroffen von diesen Entwicklungen sind junge Menschen. Oft fehlt das Bewusstsein, um zwischen wahrer Information und gezielter Desinformation zu unterscheiden. Die psychologischen und emotionalen Auswirkungen von Hassrede und Hetze auf Jugendliche sind enorm; sie gefährden ihr Vertrauen in die Gesellschaft, in die Demokratie und in ihre Zukunft. Auch das sehen wir beim Wahlverhalten junger Menschen bei den Ost-Landtagswahlen in Deutschland: In Thüringen setzten laut der Forschungsgruppe Wahlen 35 % der Menschen zwischen 18 und 29 Jahren ihr Kreuz bei der AfD.

    Wir müssen digitale Plattformen daher stärker in die Pflicht nehmen. Es braucht klare Regeln und effektive Mechanismen, um hasserfüllte und antidemokratische Inhalte schnell zu erkennen und zu entfernen. Zudem müssen wir zivilgesellschaftliche Organisationen, die gegen eine solche Radikalisierung kämpfen, stärker unterstützen und gemeinsam Hassrede und Fake News entgegentreten.

    Das Internet soll ein Ort des Wissens und des Miteinanders bleiben und kein Raum, der unsere Demokratie untergräbt.

     
       


     

      Ивайло Вълчев (ECR). – Уважаеми колеги, безспорно трябва да се борим срещу радикализацията в интернет, но аз бих казал, че трябва да осъждаме всяка една дискриминация и радикализация.

    Да, расизмът и ксенофобията са недопустими, но нека със същия плам да осъждаме и радикалните действия на зелени активисти, които застрашават обществения ред и сигурността. Заливането на културно наследство с боя, блокирането на пътища и летища не могат да бъдат приемливи форми на протест. А твърде често виждаме как те биват нормализирани.

    От друга страна, скъпи колеги, технологиите сами по себе си не могат да бъдат винени за процеса на радикализация на младите там, където това се случва. Общественият дебат в последните десетилетия прие твърде рязък идеологически завой наляво. Това означава, че днес политически позиции, например срещу еднополовите бракове или срещу нелегалната миграция, oт допустими в обществения дебат преди години сега се обявяват за радикални. И ако това имате предвид под антидемократични изказвания, то аз ви поздравявам. Джордж Оруел би се гордял с вашия новговор.

     
       

     

      Христо Петров (Renew). – Уважаеми колеги, ние тук си говорим за нови технологии и за социални мрежи и казваме, че те са част от живота на младите хора, но за много млади хора социалните мрежи не са част, те са целият им живот и това е проблем. Проблем е, защото освен загубата на време, човек става много по-лесно жертва на пропаганда, на радикализация или проводник на реч на омразата.

    Замислете се колко от вас в тази зала, ако имаха шанса да се върнат в своето детство или в своята младост, биха прекарвали времето си в социалните мрежи. Аз вярвам, че решението на проблема, който обсъждаме, е в образованието, в образование, което да подготвя младите хора за съвременната реалност и да им обясни една проста истина, че няма нито един успешен човек на тоя свят, който да прекарва основното си време в социалните мрежи.

     
       

     

      Alexandra Geese (Verts/ALE). – Frau Präsidentin, Herr Kommissar, sehr verehrte Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Nazipropaganda, rechtsextreme Hetze, Hass auf Frauen oder extremistischer Salafismus: auf TikTok findet man das alles. Aber welcher junge Mensch sucht denn aktiv nach solchen Inhalten? Fast niemand. TikTok sorgt dafür, dass sie sie trotzdem sehen, denn die Plattform spült grenzwertige Videos in die Timeline. Und wer aus Neugier oder sogar Entsetzen den Fehler macht, sie bis zu Ende zu schauen oder gar zu kommentieren, vielleicht auch kritisch, der bekommt immer wieder den gleichen Content vorgesetzt und landet in einem rabbit hole.

    Und wenn man überlegt, dass im Durchschnitt Nutzer 1,5 Stunden am Tag auf TikTok verbringen, dann kann man sich vorstellen, was passiert, wenn jedes zweite oder dritte Video extremistisch ist: Dann entsteht ein Weltbild, das mit der realen Welt praktisch nichts mehr zu tun hat. Und so werden Menschen radikalisiert – islamistisch, rechtsradikal, antisemitisch oder frauenfeindlich.

    Mit Technologie hat das nichts zu tun, aber ganz viel mit Geschäftsmodell. Aber glücklicherweise können wir handeln. Mit dem Digital Services Act können wir diese Radikalisierungsalgorithmen so ändern, dass Nutzerinnen und Nutzer ihre Inhalte selbst auswählen können und dass sie ihnen nicht vorgesetzt werden. Und das ist jetzt unsere dringlichste Aufgabe, um die Demokratie, aber auch die Sicherheit unserer Bürgerinnen und Bürger in Europa zu schützen.

    (Die Rednerin ist damit einverstanden, auf eine Frage nach dem Verfahren der „blauen Karte“ zu antworten.)

     
       

     

      Sebastian Tynkkynen (ECR), sinisen kortin kysymys. – Arvoisa puhemies, olen puhujan kanssa aivan samaa mieltä siitä, että natsipropagandaan pitää puuttua. Se on väärin, ja olitte huolissanne siitä, kuinka se lisää antisemitismiä. Minä ihmettelen sitä, että te kuitenkin jätätte sen puolen mainitsematta, mikä on tällä hetkellä suurin syy antisemitismiin niin TikTokissa kuin muissa kanavissa. Nämä videot, joissa huudetaan, että “From the river to the sea”, eli Hamas-symppaaminen, se leviää tällä hetkellä. Miksi jätitte tämän asian mainitsematta?

     
       

     

      Alexandra Geese (Verts/ALE), blue-card answer. – You might have noticed from my speech, I am German and I know that the biggest source of antisemitism has not come from Palestine, but from Europe. I have studied my history.

    As far as current antisemitism is concerned, I don’t care what the source is. I don’t care if it’s far right, you know, or whether it is Muslim. It’s not important. The important thing is that we combat it and that we protect Jews. This is what we need to do on the internet and that means going against terrorist or clearly illegal content.

    But as far as legal content is concerned – and a lot of content is legal – having opinions about the way Israel is defending itself, that is legal if it’s not antisemitic. And this is where we need to change the algorithms to make sure that people access content they actually want to see and not the content that TikTok, that the platform, wants them to see, pushing them into a rabbit hole, because this is what drives radicalisation.

     
       

     

      Ivan David (ESN). – Paní předsedající, dámy a pánové, od doby, kdy se po celém dříve demokratickém světě zmocnili všech nejvýznamnějších médií miliardáři, aby manipulovali veřejností, jsou jedinou šancí demokracie, tedy vlády lidu, sociální sítě a internet. Do konce minulého století byli světovládní darebáci v klidu, protože nebylo možné veřejně se bránit pomluvám a jiným lžím. Chápu, že hluboký stát nese nelibě omezení svého monopolu na ovládání veřejného mínění.

    Ale důrazně připomínám článek 17 Listiny základních práv a svobod, který zní: „Každý má právo vyjadřovat své názory, jakož i svobodně vyhledávat, přijímat a rozšiřovat ideje a informace bez ohledu na hranice státu. Cenzura je nepřípustná.“ Je marné zakazovat nenávist, kterou vyvolávají zločiny.

     
       

     

      Milan Mazurek (NI). – Vážený pán predsedajúci, pán komisár, aj Mao Ce-tung a súdruh Stalin by boli hrdí na to, čo ste tu vo svojom prejave povedali. Veď to je príšerné, do akej totality sa Európska únia pod vaším vedením aktuálne uberá! Viete, kto sú skutoční extrémisti? Tí, ktorí tu nariadili ľuďom žiť pod nezmyselným green dealom, ktorý im ničí ich životnú úroveň, vďaka ktorej si normálni mladí ľudia nemôžu kúpiť ani len nový dom, v ktorom by zakladali svoje rodiny. Extrémisti sú tí blázni, ktorí sa lepia o chodníky a asfalty, aby bránili ľuďom, aby mohli autami prísť normálne domov. Extrémisti sú tí, ktorí do Európy vozia milióny nelegálnych imigrantov a pomáhajú im v rozpore so zákonom prekračovať hranice našich štátov. To sú skutoční extrémisti, nie vlastenci, nie patrioti, nie tí, ktorí milujú svoje štáty. Tí, ktorí milujú svoje krajiny, ktorí chcú chrániť svoje deti a svoje rodiny pred nebezpečenstvom, ktoré im aktuálne hrozí. My chceme zachovať svet a Európu slobodnú, a preto sa potrebujeme zbaviť ľudí, ako ste Vy, vo vedení Európskej komisie. Potrebujeme návrat k zdravému rozumu, a keď to pre Vás bude znamenať radikalizmus, tak sa k tomu hrdo hlásim, pretože sloboda je to, čo Európska únia aktuálne potrebuje.

     
       


     

      Zoltán Tarr (PPE). – Tisztelt Elnök Asszony! Kedves kollégák és kedves fiatalok, akik nagyon sokan ültök fönt a lelátókon. Örülünk, hogy itt vagytok. Én azt gondolom, hogy sokan egyetérthetünk abban, hogy nagyon sok jó lehetőséget kínálnak nekünk az új digitális technológiák, az új technológiák. Nem is szeretném démonizálni őket. Ugyanakkor azt is tudjuk, hogy ezek az eszközök sokszor a politikai manipulációra és radikalizálódásra használódnak a fiatalok között, tovább súlyosbítva az álhírek terjedésével és az összeesküvés-elméletek terjedésével ezeken az eszközökön keresztül.

    A tartalomgyártók és a platformok üzemeltetői hatalmas felelősséggel tartoznak ebben a helyzetben. Alapvető kötelességük az, hogy a platformjaikon megjelenő tartalmakat jobban monitorozzák, és felelősségteljesebben szűrjék azért, hogy a fiatalok, akik most is itt vannak, és esetleg néznek bennünket, minél kevesebb káros tartalommal találkozzanak.

    Az a megoldás – azt gondolom –, hogy a tudatos médiahasználatot erősítsük az oktatásban, nem pedig a modern média kizárása az iskolákból. A meglévő szabályok, törvények alkalmazása a tagállamokban, valamint a nagy online platformok magatartási kódexeinek folyamatos fejlesztése és monitorozása.

    Meg kell akadályoznunk, hogy a gyűlöletbeszéd és az antidemokratikus propaganda és a politikai manipuláció terjedjen a gyermekek között, és ebben nekünk is, képviselőknek is nagy felelősségünk van. Az, hogy mi hogy szerepelünk, mit mondunk, óriási jelentőséggel bír.

     
       

     

      Francisco Assis (S&D). – Senhora Presidente, Senhor Comissário, a tolerância ilimitada leva ao desaparecimento da tolerância. Se estendermos a tolerância ilimitada mesmo aos intolerantes e se não estivermos preparados para defender a sociedade tolerante do assalto da intolerância, então os tolerantes serão destruídos e a tolerância com eles. Estas palavras são da autoria de um dos maiores filósofos democrato‑liberais do século XX, Karl Popper, e constam da sua obra conhecida A Sociedade Aberta e os seus Inimigos.

    E é precisamente disto que estamos a falar. Popper tanto contestou os totalitarismos de direita como os totalitarismos de esquerda. Defendeu claramente o primado da democracia liberal e tinha consciência de uma coisa: que o único limite que se pode estabelecer é o limite em relação àqueles que, sendo intolerantes, põem em causa os pressupostos básicos e fundamentais da convivência cívica democrático‑liberal. Isso, infelizmente, hoje, está a suceder em grande escala nas redes digitais, afeta vários segmentos da população e tem um efeito particularmente nocivo junto dos mais jovens.

    A resposta para isso passa por duas coisas: por um lado, por uma melhor regulação das redes sociais, em nome da defesa da liberdade – não é em nome da atrofia da liberdade, como alguns aqui pretendem afirmar, é em nome da defesa dos valores da liberdade –, e, em segundo lugar, pela promoção de um pensamento crítico, autónomo, livre e consciente em cada jovem europeu. É esse o caminho que nós temos de seguir.

     
       

     

      Susanna Ceccardi (PfE). – Signora Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, l’Unione europea sta trasformando il contrasto d’odio online in un cavallo di Troia per soffocare la libertà di espressione sul web.

    È vero, le nuove tecnologie possono essere usate per diffondere offese, minacce e odio. Ne so qualcosa: ogni giorno ricevo minacce dai fondamentalisti islamici o dai “leoni da tastiera”. Ma la soluzione non è imbavagliare chi esprime idee scomode e soffocare il dissenso.

    Il Commissario Breton ha tentato di oscurare il dibattito tra Elon Musk e Trump. È questa la vostra democrazia? La democrazia vive di dialettica. Il pensiero occidentale vive sulla libertà, è fondato sulla libertà di pensiero. Se noi soffochiamo la libertà di pensiero, soffochiamo l’Occidente, soffochiamo ciò che siamo, soffochiamo l’Europa e quindi l’Unione europea sta tradendo se stessa, sta tradendo tutta la filosofia del pensiero occidentale.

    Con questo regolamento sui servizi digitali noi mettiamo il bavaglio alle persone, soprattutto a quelle idee scomode che non piacciono alla sinistra woke, che non piacciono alla sinistra perbenista che in queste aule fa tanta teoria, è brava ad insegnare a tutti ma non sa bene ancora su che pilastri si regge l’Europa.

     
       

     

      Paolo Inselvini (ECR). – Signora Presidente, onorevoli colleghi, è vero che le nuove tecnologie, come i social media, hanno un’enorme influenza sulle menti dei giovani. Tuttavia, la radicalizzazione che subiscono è anche quella promossa dalla sinistra, che parla di libertà ma spesso non la pratica nei fatti.

    Ogni giorno assistiamo a bombardamenti mediatici che esaltano teorie LGBT, il fanatismo green e una società liquida, ideologie contro l’identità e la comunità, che promuovono l’individualismo e discriminano chi difende con fermezza i principi della nostra civiltà. Guardate il caso di Päivi Räsänen, accusata di incitamento all’odio solo per aver citato la Bibbia, o alla censura nei confronti di coloro che osano contrastare l’immigrazione incontrollata, difendere la vita e la famiglia o criticare il pensiero unico.

    Ecco, questo è davvero antidemocratico. Il pensiero unico che la sinistra vuole imporre al mondo, impedendo a chi è fuori dal coro di affermare le proprie idee, tacciandolo di fomentare odio solo per estrometterlo dal dibattito.

    Avete ragione, dobbiamo proteggere i giovani da questo mondo falso e artificiale che qualcuno ha costruito intorno a loro per controllarli meglio. Facciamoli uscire da questa gabbia: riportiamoli a rivivere la bellezza vera della vita.

     
       

     

      Irena Joveva (Renew). – Gospa predsednica! Zgodovina se ponavlja. To je vselej moja prva misel ob spremljanju razvoja uničujoče propagandne retorike, ki jo vedno bolj aktivno uporabljajo skrajneži.

    Namen je jasen: razdvajanje, destabilizacija demokratične družbe. To isto sovražno ideologijo z istimi idejami in istim načinom komuniciranja smo nekoč, po bolečih lekcijah, potisnili skrajno na rob. Toda zdaj so se z roba uspešno prikradli nazaj v središče, kjer poleg uporabe umetne inteligence za širitev svoje ideologije sočasno z dezinformacijami diskreditirajo vse, ki ne mislijo tako kot oni.

    Gre za usklajeno, dobro financirano, nadnacionalno propagandno kampanjo za širitev in uveljavitev avtoritarnosti, če ne še česa hujšega, v Evropi. V času porasta nacizma so to počeli s prevzemom radiev, danes to počnejo prek družbenih omrežij.

    In prav imajo. Izbira je res naša. Ali torej res želite, da to spet postane prevladujoča retorika in normalna? Jaz ne.

     
       

     

      Lena Schilling (Verts/ALE). – Frau Präsidentin, liebe Kolleginnen und Kollegen! Eigentlich wollte ich anders anfangen, aber wir haben gerade ein Lehrbeispiel gesehen vom Kollegen Mazurek, der erklärt hat, wie man eine Rede hält, die man dann auf Social Media stellt, wo man rechtsextremes Gedankengut verbreitet, manipuliert und unsere Gesellschaft radikalisieren kann. Ja, es sind Autokraten und Rechtsextreme, die weltweit Social Media dafür einsetzen, Wahlen zu beeinflussen, dazu einsetzen, Gesellschaften weiter zu spalten, und dazu einsetzen, Fake News zu verbreiten. Und er ist damit nicht alleine, aber danke für dieses perfekte example.

    Donald Trump wirft Migranten vor, Haustiere zu essen, Moskauer Propagandafirmen wiederholen millionenfach Lügen – 33,9 Millionen Kommentare, 39 899 Inhalte, darunter tausende Videos, Memes und Grafiken innerhalb der letzten vier Monate: Das ist mittlerweile Teil unserer politischen Praxis. Und ich sage Ihnen etwas: Wir junge Menschen, die Social Media nutzen, die damit aufwachsen, wir werden uns das auch irgendwann nicht mehr gefallen lassen, dass unsere Plattformen als geopolitischer Spielball instrumentalisiert werden. Sie sollten dazu dienen, dass wir uns ausdrücken können, dass wir miteinander kommunizieren können, und nicht von politischen, verschiedenen, Mächten hier instrumentalisiert werden.

    Zu diesem Punkt: Wir werden daran arbeiten, dass es klare Regeln gibt, und Menschen darüber informieren, welcher Blödsinn ihnen hier vorgesetzt wird.

     
       

     

      Christine Anderson (ESN). – Frau Präsidentin! Heute beklagen Sie nun also den Missbrauch neuer Technologien, der angeblich unsere Jugend radikalisiert. Dabei ist es doch Ihre radikale Politik, die die Menschen spaltet und aufhetzt. Während Corona haben Sie Teile des Volkes zu Feinden erklärt, Ungeimpfte zu Sündenböcken gemacht. Stimmen zur Schädlichkeit der mRNA-Injektion wurden wegzensiert, damit Ihre Impfpropaganda unwidersprochen blieb.

    Regierungskritische Stimmen unterdrücken Sie, während Sie geflissentlich wegschauen, wenn auf YouTube, TikTok und Co. übelster islamischer Antisemitismus gefeiert wird und sich diese frauenfeindliche, menschenverachtende und totalitäre Ideologie des Islams durch unsere Gesellschaft frisst. Die vermeintliche Radikalisierung, die Sie bekämpfen wollen, ist die längst überfällige Antwort auf die Radikalität Ihrer Politik, dieser unsäglichen, illegalen Masseninvasion.

    Hören Sie doch endlich auf, sich lächerlich zu machen! Anstatt Kritiker zu zensieren, nehmen Sie die Kritik ernst und machen Sie endlich wieder Politik für das eigene Volk, dann gibt es auch keine Radikalisierung unterm Volk!

     
       

     

      Ondřej Dostál (NI). – Paní předsedající, děkuji za otevření tohoto tématu. My žijeme v zemi, kde provládní aktivisté na sítích přáli smrt či covidový koncentrák každému, kdo odmítal nosit roušky v lese nebo kdo chtěl večer běhat v parku. Žijeme v zemi, kde se netrestá tvrzení, že staří lidé volící konzervativní levici musí vymřít, aby zvítězily ty správné progresivní síly, že staří jsou hloupí a nevzdělaní a měli by volit pod dohledem, kde se natočil klip „Přesvědč bábu, přesvědč dědka“. Žijeme v zemi, kde vláda na strategickou komunikaci najala plukovníka armády, hrubého a sprostého, který nazývá oponenty sviněmi a šmejdy, a kde i usměvavé poslankyně tohoto parlamentu mluví o opozičních poslancích jako o košťatech, paní Nerudová, nebo o špínách, paní Gregorová.

    Žijeme v zemi, kde britská či americká ambasáda včetně National Endowment for Democracy financují neziskové organizace, které cíleně dehonestují oponenty provládního narativu. To všechno se promítá do extrémního prostředí na sociálních sítích, kde je demokratická diskuse takřka nemožná. Starší Češi jsou díky historii odolní vůči propagandě, ale mladí se bohužel radikalizují. Rád bych proto z tohoto místa vyzval českou vládu, ambasády cizích velmocí a kolegy poslance EP, aby se šířením hate speech skončili.

     
       

     

      Manuela Ripa (PPE). – Frau Präsidentin! Wir sprechen über eine neue Sucht: Empfehlungsalgorithmen haben die meisten Jugendlichen auf Social Media fest im Griff. Das heißt: Schauen sie sich ein Video an, bekommen sie unaufgefordert immer weitere, teils immer extremere Inhalte vorgesetzt. Den Jugendlichen bleibt oftmals keine Wahl, sie kommen davon nicht mehr los. Nicht nur, dass die Suchtgefahr steigt, Hassbotschaften und Hetze können sie auch radikalisieren – vor Wahlen ist dies sogar demokratiegefährdend.

    Gut, dass die Kommission hier gegen abhängig machende Algorithmen den Digital Services Act anwendet, aber das reicht nicht. Die Berichtspflicht der Plattformen muss qualitativ verbessert werden, am besten, indem sie ihre Berichte durch externe Prüfer prüfen lassen. Weiterführende Videos sollten nur angezeigt werden, wenn man tatsächlich auch draufgeht. In Schulen muss digitale Kompetenz vermittelt werden, sodass sie lernen, Informationen und Quellen kritisch zu hinterfragen. Sie sollten einen KI-Führerschein machen. Dass Schüler mittels KI ihre Hausaufgaben machen dürfen, ist sicherlich keine Lösung.

    Achten wir auf unsere Kinder und Jugendlichen, sie sind unsere Zukunft!

     
       


     

      Veronika Cifrová Ostrihoňová (Renew). – Vážená pani predsedajúca, ďakujem veľmi pekne, dobrý deň – a začnem osobným presvedčením: mladí ľudia nie sú ani horší, ani lepší, ani radikálnejší ako iní, ale dnes sa stretávajú so silou, ktorej v takejto miere nemusela čeliť žiadna iná generácia predtým, a tou je online svet. Ak si niekto myslí, že sa tam veci dejú náhodou, tak sa mýli. Algoritmy sociálnych sietí nielen pre mladých vytvárajú pasce, do ktorých môžu ľahko spadnúť, a internet už dávno nie je iba slobodný priestor, ale je to miesto, kde sa šíri radikalizmus, kde je priestor pre trestné činy a pre násilie a našou úlohou tu je urobiť všetko pre to, aby sme tieto pasce odstránili. Nie ste dobrá firma, ak obsah, ktorým kŕmite mladých, je toxický. A toto je presne dôvod, prečo tak veľmi potrebujeme poctivo dodržiavať zákon o digitálnych službách. Nástroje na bezpečnejší internet naozaj máme, tak ich využime. Máme na to teraz šancu. Mladým ľuďom totiž ako spoločnosť vieme dať oveľa viac, ako dnes od nás dostávajú.

     
       

     

      Jaume Asens Llodrà (Verts/ALE). – Señora presidenta, el señor Buxadé ha hablado de la libertad de los patriotas y de las manifestaciones legítimas en el Reino Unido contra la inmigración, pero seguro que ustedes se acuerdan: eso no fueron manifestaciones pacíficas, fueron disturbios racistas donde se apaleó y apuñaló a personas vulnerables y se quemaron casas. ¿Y por qué? Porque difundieron un bulo —con la ayuda de Elon Musk— atribuyendo falsamente unos asesinatos a una persona inmigrante cuando, en verdad, el autor era inglés. Y en España intentaron hacer lo mismo.

    Señor Buxadé, ustedes están en guerra con la verdad. Y el problema es que mucha gente —sobre todo jóvenes— se instala en un mundo paralelo, y crecen el miedo, el odio, las agresiones; porque ustedes, cuando señalan a los que vienen con patera, huyendo de la guerra o del hambre, es para que no veamos a los de arriba, a las élites, a los que los explotan, a los responsables de las crisis.

    Por eso, señor comisario, necesitamos una legislación europea que nos proteja de la extrema derecha, de sus bulos, como el que hoy el señor Buxadé ha dicho.

    La mentira destruye la democracia, el derecho a tener información veraz y, por tanto, a formarnos una opinión y poderla expresar. Eso no es censura, como ha dicho la extrema derecha; si no hay verdad, no hay libertad: hay opresión. Y como dijo Camus: «La peor epidemia no es biológica, sino moral». La epidemia de la mentira.

     
       


     

      Łukasz Kohut (PPE). – Pani Przewodnicząca! Media społecznościowe bardzo szybko stały się piątą władzą i jak każda władza także i ta w niewłaściwych rękach staje się bronią. Internet, a później media społecznościowe miały łączyć ludzi na całym świecie i dać dostęp do wiedzy. Miały. A już dziś musimy mierzyć się z konsekwencjami wykorzystywania sieci niezgodnie z przeznaczeniem. Cud techniki, który miał łączyć, stwarza coraz większe podziały za pomocą manipulacji, fałszywych informacji i mowy nienawiści. Tak jak lekarstwo od trucizny różni dawka, tak kreacyjny i destrukcyjny wpływ mediów cyfrowych zależy od tego, w czyich rękach się znajdą.

    Brexit i to, że nie ma tutaj z nami Wielkiej Brytanii, jest efektem manipulacji. Rosyjska dezinformacja walczy o rozpad demokratycznego świata od wielu lat. Pierwsza kampania Trumpa przy wsparciu fake newsów i Cambridge Analytica pokazała siłę sieci. Dzisiaj milionem dolarów dziennie ma wspierać Trumpa właściciel portalu X. To jest obłęd. Nie może być tak, że algorytmy uprawiają inżynierię wyborczą, a my biernie stoimy i patrzymy, jak giganci cyfrowi czy służby obcych mocarstw urządzają nam świat. Internet w ich rękach stał się groźnym narzędziem. Dokładnie tak jak bomba atomowa Oppenheimera, która miała służyć pokojowi. Czas przestać się łudzić. Musimy zapanować nad siecią albo ona zapanuje nad naszą rzeczywistością. Trzy postulaty: lepsze prawo, kontrola IP i konsekwencje działań w sieci.

     
       

     

      Alexandre Varaut (PfE). – Madame la Présidente, la haine en ligne, que nous devons combattre, c’est d’abord le harcèlement, les injures, la diffusion de montages qui poussent des enfants, parfois très jeunes, à tomber en dépression ou même à se suicider. Il faut cependant nous garder d’abuser de ce terme pour tenter de criminaliser des opinions. Et certains, au sein de l’Union européenne, ont très souvent cette tentation.

    La haine est un sentiment. Il est bien difficile de légiférer sur des sentiments. Nous ne pouvons légiférer que sur des actes concrets, qui causent des préjudices concrets à des victimes concrètes. Nous n’avons pas le droit d’en profiter pour traquer des opinions et pour sacraliser des notions wokes qui, matériellement, n’existent pas – telles que l’imaginaire collectif, la conscience humaine ou les valeurs universelles.

    Le risque serait le règne d’un arbitraire idéologique, qui pourrait parfaitement se retourner contre chacun d’entre nous, d’entre vous, même si à cet instant, ce sont sans nul doute les patriotes qui sont visés par la police de la pensée.

     
       

     

      Танер Кабилов (Renew). – Г-жо Председател, свободата на словото е едно от най-важните постижения на демокрацията и модерното гражданско общество. Достиженията на дигиталната ера, в която живеем, предоставя безпрецедентни възможности за комуникация и обмен на информация, но и нови предизвикателства, пред които се изправяме.

    Социалните мрежи се превръщат в арена за разпространение на омраза, особено в нейните най-опасни измерения – етническа и религиозна. Нараства злоупотребата с фалшиви профили и ботове, а хибридните атаки и дезинформационни кампании, манипулиращи общественото мнение, стават все по-често, особено по време на избори. Младите, с техните отворени сетива за знания, са чувствително уязвими за радикални идеи, които им се предоставят от алгоритмите, търсещи все повече гледания и интеракции. Това е сериозна заплаха за бъдещето на демокрацията.

    Категорично осъждам езика на омразата във всяка негова форма. Трябва да сме чувствителни като гражданско общество и да сме проактивни като политици. Трябва да намерим правилния баланс между свободата на словото и злоупотребата с него.

     
       


     

      Tiago Moreira de Sá (PfE). – Senhora Presidente, vivemos tempos em que o discurso de ódio e a retórica anti‑democrática se tornaram desculpas perfeitas para justificar um novo despotismo – a censura camuflada de virtude. Sempre que o poder se sente ameaçado, a liberdade é o seu primeiro alvo, e o caso de Elon Musk, do Prémio Sakharov, é disso exemplo – excluído num processo opaco, uma voz silenciada, a pretexto da própria liberdade de expressão.

    A Comissão Europeia entrou em confronto aberto com Musk, acusando‑o de falhar na monitorização do discurso de ódio na sua plataforma X. A polémica já fez cair o ex‑comissário europeu Thierry Breton, mas os processos judiciais que a Comissão move contra as empresas de Musk, incluindo a aplicação de possíveis multas severas, caso não cumpra com a lei dos serviços digitais, continuam bem vivos.

    Este fim de semana, o Der Spiegel chamou a Elon Musk o inimigo público número dois, atrás de Donald Trump, imaginem. A União Europeia e o Der Spiegel estão a fazer a Musk o mesmo que o Brasil de Lula e a Venezuela de Maduro. Como em O Nome da Rosa, de Umberto Eco, onde os livros eram envenenados para proteger os monges da dúvida e do riso, hoje envenena‑se o debate público para proteger a sociedade da liberdade. E, como sabemos, do veneno só pode resultar sempre a morte.

    (O orador aceita responder a uma pergunta «cartão azul»)

     
       

     

      Bruno Gonçalves (S&D), Pergunta segundo o procedimento «cartão azul». – Senhor Deputado, é incrível ouvi‑lo falar de liberdade, quando o problema é mesmo com a verdade. Enquanto, neste Parlamento, debate o ódio, debate o discurso do ódio, debate a proliferação do ódio no digital, em Portugal, sabemos bem o que está a acontecer e com o qual o seu partido e os seus representantes não têm o mínimo de empatia.

    Deixe‑me citar, o líder parlamentar do seu partido diz: «se a polícia atirar mais a matar, o país fica em ordem»; o assessor do seu partido diz: « menos um criminoso, menos um eleitor do Bloco» sobre a morte de um cidadão português. O que eu lhe pergunto, com empatia, Senhor Deputado: pode ou não condenar este ódio? Pode ou não condenar estas declarações?

     
       

     

      Tiago Moreira de Sá (PfE). – Senhor Deputado, eu confesso que pensei fazer a minha intervenção justamente sobre o que está a acontecer em Portugal. Depois, achei que não o devia fazer aqui, neste local, devia fazer em Portugal e para os portugueses. O que eu acho que contribui muito para o discurso de ódio – realmente o que está a acontecer em Portugal, sim – é quando nós confundimos polícias com ladrões, quando nos pomos do lado de quem prevarica e não cumpre a lei e incita à violência, em vez de protegermos a autoridade do Estado e as forças da autoridade.

    Eu acho que nós devemos pensar muito bem, porque a sua própria pergunta, ela própria, tem por detrás – eu sei que não foi com intenção – extremar, por detrás, polarizar, por detrás, criar esta visão de bons e maus. Eu, o que devo dizer, terei todo o gosto em ter esse debate consigo, mas não o vou fazer aqui. Farei no meu país.

     
       

     

      Hermann Tertsch (PfE). – Señora presidente, ayer estuve en una cena de la Asociación Parlamentaria Europea, en la que la mayoría son todos de los que gobiernan, de estos que gobiernan en la Comisión, es decir, del Partido Popular Europeo y de la izquierda, los perdedores abrazados al Partido Popular Europeo para seguir gobernando.

    Allí se iba a hablar de las elecciones norteamericanas y se habló de Trump. Y, de repente, Trump era Hitler. Trump era Hitler. Allí, en una asamblea de una serie de eurodiputados, se hablaba de Trump con mentiras sobre su pasado y con especulaciones insidiosas sobre su futuro.

    La señora Applebaum, supuestamente una gran intelectual a quien le han dado un premio en Fráncfort, habla de Trump como Hitler. Hemos visto también a la señora Harris —la candidata— hablando de Trump como Hitler.

    Ese insulto a la inteligencia por parte de la izquierda al tachar de Hitler, de fascistas, de nazis, a todos aquellos que no le interesan, eso sí que es una censura y un atentado contra todo el pensamiento europeo.

    Quieren ustedes un Ministerio de la Verdad para imponer una mentira, y no lo vamos a permitir.

     
       

     

      Mathilde Androuët (PfE). – Madame la Présidente, les jeunes âgés de 13 à 19 ans passent en moyenne plus de cinq heures par jour devant un écran. Il s’agit, pour certains, du seul moyen de se sociabiliser, et cela peut générer des violences – contre soi-même ou contre d’autres. Mais au lieu de lutter contre l’abandon de nos jeunes au virtuel, la Commission européenne préfère s’attaquer aux outils que sont Telegram ou X pour entraver la liberté d’expression.

    Alors oui, Daech a recruté des terroristes et des soldats sur les réseaux sociaux. Oui, des jeunes adoptent des mœurs archaïques pour intégrer une soi-disant nouvelle famille. Mais s’en prendre aux outils, plutôt que de chercher à répondre à ce besoin légitime d’appartenir à un groupe fort et exaltant, est idiot. C’est aussi idiot que d’interdire les voitures ou l’usage des couteaux de cuisine au prétexte que certains s’en servent pour tuer.

    C’est pourtant ce que fait la Commission en censurant – prioritairement d’ailleurs – ceux qui essaient de lutter contre le wokisme ou l’islamisme et en laissant pulluler antifas et prêcheurs de haine. Il ne faut pas changer d’outil, mais de modèle. Il faut offrir un vrai modèle de société à la jeunesse européenne, qui magnifie les richesses du passé dans l’objectif d’exalter l’avenir. Le problème, ce n’est pas l’internet, c’est une société occidentale qui, refusant toute pulsion de vie, pousse sa jeunesse vers des sectes où la pulsion de mort est devenue leur vie.

     
       

       

    Procedura “catch-the-eye”

     
       

     

      Matej Tonin (PPE). – Gospa predsednica! Drage kolegice in kolegi! Pred petnajstimi leti se je zdelo, da so socialna omrežja prihodnost, da bodo ključno orodje za spodbujanje demokracije. In petnajst let po tem se zdi, da so socialna omrežja predvsem orodja za širitev sovraštva in nestrpnosti.

    Kaj se je v teh petnajstih letih zgodilo tako dramatičnega, da je iz enega dobrega orodja nastalo slabo? Algoritmi. Algoritmi so tisti, ki spodbujajo sovraštvo, ki spodbujajo nestrpnost, ker v današnjem svetu enostavno dobra novica ni več novica. In zato algoritmi spodbujajo negativne stvari, spodbujajo predvsem nestrpnost.

    Sem pa prepričan, da prepoved ni rešitev, ampak da je ključna stvar za prihodnost ozaveščanje mladih, kakšne posledice ima lahko nekritična uporaba socialnih omrežij.

     
       

     

      Juan Fernando López Aguilar (S&D). – Señora presidenta, señor comisario, el modelo de negocio de las plataformas —normalmente regidas por magnates de ultraderecha— no reside solamente en explotar las debilidades, las vulnerabilidades y las características personales que los usuarios ponen a su disposición, sino, sobre todo, en generar algoritmos adictivos que se ensañan, especialmente, con la gente joven, que son los usuarios preferentes que pasan media vida ante las pantallas, consumiendo discursos de odio que radicalizan, que estigmatizan, a categorías enteras de personas, además de contenidos violentos.

    El problema no reside solamente en los contenidos, sino en la explotación de la vulnerabilidad de la gente joven: un desafío enorme para la próxima Comisión. Hemos adoptado el Reglamento de Servicios Digitales, hemos puesto en pie una estrategia contra el discurso de odio que incluye también no solamente un código de conducta para las plataformas —escasamente vinculante— sino, sobre todo, la orden de que la Comisión traiga a este Parlamento una iniciativa legislativa para hacer del delito de odio que incita la violencia de odio un delito europeo.

    Pero no es suficiente: alfabetización digital, educación, todo lo que la Comisión pueda hacer para proteger a la gente joven, que es el futuro de la Unión Europea, frente a la propagación del discurso de odio en las redes.

     
       

     

      Sebastian Tynkkynen (ECR). – Arvoisa puhemies, vihapuhe, radikalisoituminen ja demokratiavastaisuus. Tämä hetki on varattu sille, että tämä koko sali keskustelee näistä aiheista. Itse asiassa tämä on hyvin ajankohtainen aihe, joten siitä onkin hyvä keskustella. Me olemme nimittäin todistaneet viime aikoina tapahtumia, jotka täyttävät nämä kaikki tunnusmerkit: vihaa, radikalisoitumista ja demokratiavastaisuutta. Lukuisissa Palestiina-mielenosoituksissa aina huippuyliopistoihin saakka ovat raikuneet antisemitistiset huudot. Lähi-idän ainoalle demokratialle Israelille on toivottu tuhoa, ja radikaali terroristijärjestö Hamas on nauttinut monen mielenosoittajan tukea.

    Miksi en ole kuullut, että vasemmisto olisi tästä puhunut tänään? Haluan muistuttaa teitä tästä, kun te etsitte vihapuhetta ja radikaalia puhetta kaikkialta, niin käykääpä joskus vasemmiston Palestiina-mielenosoituksissa. Saatatte löytää sieltä sitä, mitä olette kaikkialta muualta etsimässä.

     
       

     

      Lukas Sieper (NI). – Madam President, dear colleagues, honourable House, as we talk of young people here with my, in other cases, little life experience of 27 years, I am happy to take the floor today.

    I may present you with three truths. Number one: TikTok is owned and controlled by the Chinese Communist Party, responsible for atrocities like putting Uyghurs in concentration camps.

    Number two: because of that, the algorithm is, of course, also controlled and manipulated by the Chinese Communist Party.

    Number three: if you, my dear colleagues, do not join TikTok, and if you are not active there, you will leave this platform and the young people on this platform to the enemies of democracy inside this House and outside this House.

    So please be active there no matter what. I am not much, but I am young, so I hope you trust me on that.

     
       

       

    (Fine della procedura “catch the eye”)

     
       

     

      Janusz Wojciechowski, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, honourable Members, thank you for your contributions. It is clear that new technologies have transformed our economies, our societies, our lives. They have multiple benefits, but we cannot ignore the risks. Hate speech, often fuelled by disinformation, is one of them.

    We need to keep our values of equality, tolerance, non-discrimination. We also need to keep our focus on delivering policies which improve citizens’ lives. We want to support active citizenship and social inclusion with the aim of fostering more equitable and tolerant societies. There is a pivotal role here as concerns the smart and safe use of digital technologies. The scope of prevention activities is broad, and we can extend it to education, employment, justice, social inclusion or sports.

    Within the framework of the Digital Services Act, the industry’s thorough commitment is necessary to succeed. We have a good basis, but we need to intensify our efforts and adopt the fast development of new technologies.

     
       


       

    IN THE CHAIR: ROBERTA METSOLA
    President

     

    5. Resumption of the sitting

       

    (The sitting resumed at 12:05)

     

    6. Sakharov Prize 2024 (announcement of the winner)

     

      President. – Dear colleagues, it is my privilege to announce that the 2024 Sakharov Prize for Freedom of Thought has been awarded to María Corina Machado, leader of the democratic forces in Venezuela, and President-elect Edmundo González Urrutia, representing all Venezuelans inside and outside the country, fighting to restore freedom and democracy in the face of injustice.

    (Loud and sustained applause)

    Edmundo and María have continued to fight for the free, fair and peaceful transition of power and have fearlessly upheld those values that millions of Venezuelans and this Parliament hold so dear: justice, democracy and the rule of law. This Parliament stands with the people of Venezuela and with María and Edmundo in their struggle for the democratic future of their country. This award is for them, and we are confident that Venezuela and democracy will ultimately prevail.

    I also want to extend this House’s wholehearted support to the other Sakharov Prize finalists: the Israeli and Palestinian movements ‘Women Wage Peace’ and ‘Women of the Sun’.

    (Loud and sustained applause)

    We also have the finalist Azerbaijani academic and anti-corruption activist Dr Gubad Ibadoghlu.

    (Loud and sustained applause)

    All three are bravely standing up for human rights and for freedom of thought in the face of unimaginable challenges.

    I also share the tragic news that Dr Ibadoghlu’s health condition is currently deteriorating significantly. He is being kept under house arrest following his arbitrary detainment, and I take this opportunity to call on the Azerbaijani authorities to drop all charges against Dr Ibadoghlu and lift his travel ban.

    (Applause)

     

    7. Request for waiver of immunity


       

    (The sitting was briefly suspended)

     
       

       

    PRESIDE: JAVI LÓPEZ
    Vicepresidente

     

    8. Resumption of the sitting


     

      Lukas Sieper (NI). – Mr President, honourable House, Rule 202 deals with the point of order. Last plenary week, I had the honour to shed some light on the blatant misuse of this rule inside this House. We were talking about Rule 202(1) that states that you shall use a point of order to address a failure to comply with the parliamentary Rules of Procedure.

    Today, I want to talk about Rule 202(4) that states that in all regular cases like this, the President shall take an immediate decision about the point of order raised. That is not what happened to my point of order. Instead, right after I finished, we kept on seeing the same thing. For example, since then we heard about the suffering of the Palestinian people or the necessity to honour a Polish priest. Understandable topics, but nothing to state inside a point of order.

    In my legal opinion, immediate means on the spot. So, Mr President, with all due respect and being thankful to also having the possibility to forewarn President Metsola on this directly yesterday, I request an immediate decision about stopping the point of order being misused.

     
       

     

      President. – Thank you very much. You have the answer: we take note of your comment.

     

    9. Voting time

     

      President. – The next item is the vote.

     

    9.1. Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (RC-B10-0133/2024, B10-0129/2024, B10-0131/2024, B10-0133/2024, B10-0136/2024, B10-0139/2024, B10-0141/2024, B10-0142/2024) (vote)

     

      President. – The first vote is on the situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (see minutes, item 9.1.).

     

    10. Resumption of the sitting

       

    (La seduta è ripresa alle 15.00)

     

    11. Approval of the minutes of the previous sitting

     

      Presidente. – La seduta è ripresa.

    Il processo verbale della seduta di ieri e i testi approvati sono stati distribuiti.

    Se non ci sono osservazioni, il processo verbale si considera approvato.

     

    12. Protecting our oceans: persistent threats to marine protected areas in the EU and benefits for coastal communities (debate)


     

      Janusz Wojciechowski, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, honourable Members, thank you for the opportunity to address this important topic today. The ocean is a magnificent ecosystem. A healthy ocean has an essential role as a climate regulator and food provider. It is at the heart of the blue economy and cultural identity of our coastal communities.

    However, our ocean faces multiple threats from climate change, unsustainable activities that lead to biodiversity loss and pollution, or illegal fishing globally. This is clearly evidenced by the EU-driven Copernicus satellite data reported in the annual Ocean State Report by the Copernicus Marine Service.

    Therefore, we need to continue the efforts to protect and restore marine ecosystems, including through the establishment of marine protected areas. I cannot stress enough the importance and positive effects of marine protected areas. They not only protect and restore biodiversity, they also ensure that the ocean is able to deliver the multiple environmental services our coastal communities have relied on for ages.

    There are many examples of effective marine protected areas which bring long-term economic and social benefits for fishers and entire coastal communities. I’m thinking about the Columbretes marine reserve in Spain or Torre Guaceto protected area in Italy, where protection is implemented in cooperation with fishers, who benefit from better catches and receive recognition for their engagement in ocean conservation.

    However, most of our marine protected areas are not effectively managed today, which is putting at risk our goals for restoration of marine ecosystems. We cannot afford to have ‘paper parks’ in the EU. We need urgent and greater efforts from all those responsible, from local to national and EU level.

    The European Union is a worldwide leader when it comes to the protection of the oceans and seas. It played a key role in reaching the United Nations agreement on biodiversity beyond national jurisdiction and strongly encourages all countries to promptly ratify the treaty to protect at least 30 % of the planet by 2030.

    At European Union level, our environmental laws, the Birds and Habitats Directives and the Marine Strategy Framework Directive provide for creation and management of marine protected areas. In our biodiversity strategy for 2030, we committed to expand our network of protected areas to cover 30 % of our seas, of which one third should be strictly protected. All MPAs should be effectively managed and should have the necessary fisheries management measures in place.

    The common fisheries policy contributes to the implementation of these policy goals and legislation. Whilst we made progress on the recovery of many fish populations, more efforts are needed to effectively protect and restore other species and marine habitats. In particular, in our marine Natura 2000 network.

    The Commission also adopted the marine action plan, setting out a non-binding path to achieving a protection of 30 % of our seas by 2030. The recently adopted Nature Restoration Regulation set the goal of covering 20 % of our seas, with restoration measures by 2030 and achieving specific nature restoration objectives in the marine environment.

    Member States need to implement and enforce existing legislation, and all stakeholders need to take further ownership. Therefore, a dialogue is required, as well as a strong science-based approach.

    Another challenge for marine protected areas is the increasing competition for maritime space. We are working with Member States and experts to deliver ecosystem-based maritime spatial planning. The aim is to foster the blue economy while ensuring the achievement of good environmental status.

    In conclusion, the Commission will continue the close cooperation with Member States and all stakeholders to ensure that marine protected areas effectively deliver to the benefit of our coastal communities.

     
       

     

      Francisco José Millán Mon, en nombre del Grupo PPE. – Señora presidenta, señor comisario, los océanos se enfrentan a numerosas amenazas, es cierto: el cambio climático, la contaminación por desechos y vertidos, los plásticos, el transporte marítimo, la explotación de hidrocarburos, la pesca ilegal… Debemos proteger los océanos, pero sin caer en extremismos maximalistas: la protección no es incompatible con toda actividad humana. El llamado «pacto europeo de los océanos» debería tener una visión holística, global, que trate de integrar las actividades humanas de una manera sostenible y en diálogo con los afectados. Hay que preparar debidamente la próxima conferencia de Niza.

    Me centro ahora en la pesca: proteger los océanos es vital, también para el sustento de nuestros pescadores. El sector pesquero europeo es un sector muy regulado, lleva a cabo una pesca sostenible, lucha contra la pesca ilegal y contribuye a nuestra seguridad alimentaria: debemos velar por su prosperidad y su competitividad.

    Quiero destacar la importancia de las OROP, las organizaciones regionales de ordenación pesquera. Precisamente, el acuerdo sobre la diversidad biológica marina en alta mar, conocido como BBNJ, reconoce el papel de las OROP y de las reglamentaciones que estas adoptan. En las OROP y en el resto de organismos internacionales necesitamos, comisario, liderazgo de la Unión Europea para conseguir que se globalicen nuestros altos estándares: así lograremos no solo una verdadera protección de los océanos, sino también la igualdad de condiciones que tanto desean nuestros pescadores.

    Las áreas marinas protegidas, como usted señala, requieren un trato especial, pero este debe basarse en criterios científicos y atender a los objetivos específicos del área en cuestión, no a meros porcentajes. Por ejemplo, si de lo que se trata es de proteger a las aves marinas, no tiene sentido ahora insistir en la prohibición del arrastre de fondo. No podemos caer en la demonización de ciertas artes pesqueras como hace, por ejemplo, el plan de acción marino presentado el año pasado por la Comisión Europea.

     
       

     

      Christophe Clergeau, au nom du groupe S&D. – Madame la Présidente, Monsieur le Commissaire, il y a quinze jours, avec mes collègues de l’intergroupe du Parlement européen «Mers, rivières, îles et zones côtières», nous avons accueilli à Bruxelles la Semaine des océans, organisée par les ONG. Voici ce qu’elles nous ont dit:

    En premier lieu, il y a urgence à se mobiliser pour restaurer la bonne santé des océans.

    En deuxième lieu, il faut faire appliquer les lois qui existent – qui aujourd’hui ne sont pas appliquées – et surveiller de près comment les États travaillent sur le règlement relatif à la restauration de la nature. Parce que 2030 va arriver très, très rapidement.

    En troisième lieu, il faut certes, Monsieur le Commissaire, aborder l’océan et son aménagement comme un écosystème, mais cette approche écosystémique n’est pas possible dans le cadre de la directive actuelle relative à la planification de l’espace maritime: il est donc urgent d’engager sa révision.

    Dernièrement, nous avons besoin d’une ambition globale – ce fameux pacte européen pour les océans promis par Ursula von der Leyen, qui permettra de concilier la santé des océans et les activités de l’économie bleue –, menée avec ce Parlement, avec les collectivités locales et avec toutes les parties prenantes, tous les acteurs associatifs et économiques.

     
       

     

      France Jamet, au nom du groupe PfE. – Madame la Présidente, monsieur le Commissaire, mes chers collègues, la protection de nos océans est un enjeu crucial sur le plan économique, environnemental et géopolitique, notamment pour la France, qui possède le deuxième plus grand domaine maritime du monde.

    Mais la multiplication des aires marines protégées n’en garantit pas l’intégrité. La pêche financière est mondialisée et prospère, sans respect de la ressource, de Mayotte à nos côtes, en toute légalité. Quant à la pêche illégale, elle ravage nos territoires maritimes, de la Nouvelle-Calédonie jusqu’en Guyane, en toute impunité.

    Au-delà de ces déclarations de bonnes intentions et autres interdictions unilatérales, c’est d’une vraie stratégie de protection des océans que nous avons besoin pour appuyer les moyens de défense de notre souveraineté alimentaire nationale et pour revaloriser notre domaine maritime ainsi que l’économie bleue.

     
       

     

      Billy Kelleher, on behalf of the Renew Group. – Madam President, this is a very important topic for a number of reasons, and for a large number of communities in our Union.

    As an MEP for an island nation, I’m acutely aware of the importance of our oceans, seas and coasts to sustain an abundance of life and communities, both socially and economically.

    As such, today’s debate on protecting our oceans, persistent threats to marine protected areas in the EU and benefits to our coastal communities is an important milestone. At present, 10% of Irish waters are now classified as marine protected areas, up from 2.4 % in 2020. The Irish Government is committed to achieving a 30 % coverage rate by 2030 and will, in the early 2025, pass legislation putting in place a legal commitment to do so. This is something I and the Fianna Fáil party supports.

    However, as an island nation, we have competing objectives and goals. In the first instance, we want to protect our marine ecosystems, but equally we want to support our fishing communities, many of whom have fished in areas set to be designated as marine protected areas for generations. Thirdly, we want to become an offshore wind energy superpower.

    Our challenge is to ensure that all these objectives can be met. It is therefore a necessity that all the stakeholders involved enter into this process with an open mind and without narrow ideological opinions.

    Fishers have a right to fish and not have their livelihoods destroyed by losing access to waters that they have historically fished in. Countries have a right to diversify their electricity generation, their waters. And yes, we have a moral obligation to protect our oceans, rivers and coastal areas.

    However, Commissioner, we have a significant challenge in Ireland, as Norway is being granted access to Irish waters for mackerel fishing. Mackerel stocks are being overfished. Irish mackerel quota will be cut by 22 % in 2025, and it will cost the Irish fishing industry EUR 18 million. Yet at the same time, we grant access to Norwegian supertrawlers to fish in Irish waters and to overfish and exploit mackerel stocks. The Irish fishing industry is very dependent on the mackerel stocks.

    So, Commissioner, I cannot understand how in one way we are talking about sustainability and ensuring we protect marine life and at the same time grant unlimited access to supertrawlers to fish in Irish waters, to exploit fish stocks and undermine the Irish fishing industry and the coastal communities that depend on it.

    When we are talking about sustainability, we must have fairness for the Irish fishing industry and the coastal communities that depend on it.

     
       

     

      Isabella Lövin, för Verts/ALE gruppen. – Fru talman! Allt liv på jorden startade i haven. Haven ger oss mat. De ger oss glädje. De producerar hälften av allt syre som vi andas. Ändå misshandlar vi haven, använder dem som soptipp och tömmer dem på fisk.

    Nu har vi också gett dem hög feber, och det är väldigt allvarligt. Som en forskare sa till mig: Klimatkrisen, den drabbar precis som covid de svagaste värst. Och havet är redan försvagat.

    I Östersjön, där jag bor, har medeltemperaturen redan ökat med två grader sedan 1990, och nere på 30 meters djup var det förra sommaren 20 grader varmt, något som aldrig har noterats förut.

    Ett område stort som Danmark är död botten. Vi måste göra någonting snabbt för denna döende patient, och vi måste göra någonting nytt.

    Vi behöver en ny havspolitik som samlat kan hjälpa våra hav att tillfriskna, så att de åter kan binda kol i bottnarna, som nu rivs upp av bottentrålning, och åter har stabila, livskraftiga ekosystem som gör vattnet klart och rent igen och som kan förse Europa med hållbart fiskad fisk.

    För det behöver vi inte bara 30 % skyddade områden, utan vi behöver en helhetssyn. Därför välkomnar jag den europeiska havspakten. Den måste ha som högsta prioritet att låta haven tillfriskna igen. Alla politikområden behöver samspela för att nå dit.

    Haven är grunden för allt liv. Skyddar vi havet så skyddar vi också oss själva.

     
       

     

      Emma Fourreau, au nom du groupe The Left. – Madame la Présidente, monsieur le Commissaire, j’imagine que votre jardin est une zone protégée. Alors, que diriez‑vous si je venais demain dans votre jardin pour y déterrer vos carottes et ramasser vos tomates, avant de repartir en piétinant tout le potager pour être sûre que vos légumes ne repoussent pas l’année prochaine? Nul doute que cela vous déplairait fortement. Et je vous répondrais que j’étais dans votre jardin comme un chalutier de fond dans les aires marines protégées, qui n’ont de protégées que le nom.

    Car, si 12 % des eaux de l’Union européenne entrent dans la définition des aires marines protégées, seules 0,2 % le sont de façon stricte. Alors qu’est-ce qui est protégé dans les autres? Rien ou presque: 86 % des aires dites protégées d’Europe sont intensément exploitées, au moyen de méthodes de pêche destructrices, comme le chalutage de fond, ou d’autres activités industrielles extractivistes.

    La pêche industrielle a des conséquences délétères: pour la biodiversité, mais aussi pour les petits pêcheurs. Au-delà du chalutage de fond, ces derniers subissent également de plein fouet la concurrence des méga-chalutiers pélagiques, qui n’hésitent pas à traverser les aires marines protégées. Exclure la pêche industrielle des aires marines protégées, comme le recommande l’Union internationale pour la conservation de la nature, c’est donner de l’oxygène à la pêche artisanale, dont les incidences environnementales sont moindres, et qui favorise le renouvellement des espèces.

    La Commission s’est engagée à sortir du chalutage de fond dans les aires marines protégées d’ici 2030. Soyez à la hauteur de l’engagement en adoptant un plan de transition juste, qui accompagne les pêcheurs, leur donne de la visibilité, des incitations et des solutions de rechange, et qui prévoie un véritable plan de déchalutisation de la flotte européenne.

    Sans action concrète de la Commission comme des États, vos promesses resteront vaines.

     
       

     

      Siegbert Frank Droese, im Namen der ESN-Fraktion. – Frau Präsidentin, Herr Kommissar, sehr geehrte Kollegen! Niemand Vernünftiges ist gegen den Schutz der Ozeane vor Zerstörung, aber Umweltschutz funktioniert nicht mit starren Daten, utopischen Zielvorgaben und ideologischer Verblendung.

    Sinnvoll sind praktische Dinge, etwa harte Bestrafung von Kapitänen, die ihre Abfälle ins Meer werfen, oder Firmen, die Tankerunfälle fahrlässig verursachen, aber wir brauchen keine Blue Economy als neue sozialistische Planwirtschaft. Ein Beispiel dafür: Bis 2030 sollen 30 % der Ozeane als Schutzzone fungieren – das ist ein utopisches Ziel.

    Die Natur ist stärker als die Europäische Kommission, sie regeneriert sich selbst. Biodiversität gibt es seit Millionen von Jahren. Deshalb brauchen wir weder in der Landwirtschaft noch im Fischfang oder sonstwo EU-Naturalisierungsgesetze. Aber ich frage mich: Wo war und ist eigentlich der Schutz der Ozeane bei der Sprengung von Nord Stream 2 geblieben? Wo ist der akribische Wille der Kommission, diese Sprengung von Nord Stream 2 aufzuklären? Es ist schon sehr sonderbar, dass Brüssel hier nichts tut, obwohl doch sonst die Kommission den lieben langen Tag vom Grünen Deal träumt oder das böse CO2 jagt.

    Wenn wir über den Schutz der Ozeane sprechen, muss ich auch auf die Sanktionen gegen Russland zu sprechen kommen. Die Sanktionen sollten Russland treffen, gefährden aber mittlerweile unsere Ozeane, unsere Umwelt, weil Russland eben nicht untergeht, sondern seine Rohstoffe mit alten, rostigen Schiffen um den Globus schickt; ein schönes Beispiel dafür, wie sich die Kommission selbst ins Knie schießt, unter großem Applaus vieler Mitglieder dieses Hauses.

    Ja, wir müssen die Ozeane schützen, aber vor Sozialistischen, Grünen, Eurokraten. Deshalb sagen wir von der ESN: Wir stimmen guten Ideen zu, die praktikabel sind und vor allem wirtschaftlich; wir stimmen dem Statement in der großen Zielsetzung des Schutzes der Meere zu, aber wir lehnen die Blue-Economy-Basis ab: Sie sind nichts anderes als grüne Experimente und Utopien.

     
       

     

      Hélder Sousa Silva (PPE). – Senhora Presidente, Caro Comissário, Caros Colegas, o oceano é claramente um aliado indispensável para a União Europeia reforçar a sua competitividade em áreas estratégicas como a inovação, a segurança alimentar, a autonomia energética e a sustentabilidade ambiental. Por isso, digo que o Pacto Europeu para os Oceanos é uma grande oportunidade. A proteção das zonas costeiras e das comunidades piscatórias é um claro objetivo, mas também temos de assegurar uma justa remuneração para os profissionais.

    Elogio a delimitação, na passada semana, por parte dos Açores, da maior área marinha protegida da Europa, protegendo 30 % do seu mar. E, enquanto autarca, participei ativamente na delimitação da área marinha protegida da Ericeira, de Sintra e de Cascais, a primeira em Portugal, que envolveu ativamente a comunidade local na sua delimitação.

    Dada a relação intrínseca entre as nossas comunidades e os mares que nos circundam, direi que a preservação do eixo atlântico europeu é um desígnio de todos nós.

     
       

     

      André Rodrigues (S&D). – Senhora Presidente, Senhor Comissário, a União Europeia estabeleceu metas ambiciosas para a proteção de pelo menos 30 % das águas marinhas até 2030. Mas não tenhamos ilusões, isto só pode ser assegurado se garantirmos, de facto, o envolvimento de pescadores, comunidades pesqueiras, profissionais da aquicultura, ONG ambientais e demais agentes relevantes e se também assegurarmos as devidas compensações para que os profissionais das pescas não sejam vítimas deste processo.

    Saúdo, por isso, o exemplo da minha região, os Açores, que há dias aprovou o plano de reestruturação do setor da pesca, proposto pelo Partido Socialista, que prevê compensações a todos os profissionais afetados pela criação de áreas marinhas protegidas. Com um orçamento superior a 10 milhões de EUR para o período de 2025 a 2030, este plano acompanhará a implementação da proteção de 30 % do mar de uma das maiores zonas económicas exclusivas da Europa.

    Este é o exemplo que a União deve seguir, com a definição de um ambicioso fundo que acompanhe e financie um verdadeiro pacto para os oceanos.

     
       

     

      André Rougé (PfE). – Madame la Présidente, monsieur le Commissaire, chers collègues, l’outre-mer permet à la France, deuxième zone économique exclusive au monde, d’être au premier rang de la protection des océans: une priorité environnementale mondiale, dont les zones marines protégées sont l’élément le plus marquant.

    Aussi sommes-nous inquiets des menaces qui pèsent sur les îles Éparses, désormais revendiquées par Madagascar. Ces îles sont qualifiées de sanctuaires océaniques de la nature primitive. Elles sont les laboratoires de référence au niveau mondial pour étudier l’influence des changements climatiques, car elles sont vierges de toute présence humaine, ce qui en fait des modèles de naturalité.

    Il est indispensable que l’Union européenne soutienne fermement la souveraineté française sur les îles Éparses. Face à l’appétit dévorant d’une grande puissance mondiale et hégémonique qui instrumentalise la République de Madagascar dans l’océan Indien, comment l’Union européenne pourrait-elle se désintéresser de ce sanctuaire naturel? Comment l’Union européenne pourrait-elle se désintéresser, parmi ses îles, de celle qui, symboliquement, porte jusqu’à son nom – Europa?

    Dans cette partie du monde, personne n’est dupe de ce qui se cache derrière la prétention malgache à annexer les îles Éparses. Pour garantir l’avenir de ces territoires et leur biodiversité, l’Union européenne doit intégrer cette réalité géopolitique dans sa stratégie de protection des océans, mais aussi dans sa diplomatie.

     
       

     

      Ana Miranda Paz (Verts/ALE). – Senhora Presidente, venho de um país marítimo, a Galiza, um país do eixo atlântico europeu. Ali, temos duas reservas marinhas, duas áreas marinhas protegidas de interesse pesqueiro ou piscatório, também dito na nossa língua. A reserva marinha de Cedeira, que é uma verdadeira oportunidade, na qual o setor das pescas trabalha também na defesa do meio ambiente e na defesa de um recurso económico vital para o meu país.

    No meu país, que é rico em biodiversidade marinha, os governos estão contra as áreas marinhas protegidas. Preferem apoiar a macroeólica marinha, as empresas elétricas que não deixam benefícios, preferem que os marinheiros fiquem sem trabalho, para apoiar os macroparques eólicos.

    Senhor Comissário, como é possível que a Comissão Europeia proíba a pesca de fundo e, depois, permita, em áreas marinhas protegidas de especial interesse, que se metam estas macroelétricas a tirar os recursos e o peixe e a vida das nossas comunidades piscatórias, como é o caso de Cedeira?

     
       

     

      Per Clausen (The Left). – Fru formand! En af de største og mest vedvarende trusler mod vores havområder – beskyttede eller ej – er vandkvaliteten. Alt for mange steder ser vi, at den økologiske tilstand i havområderne ikke alene er dårlig, den forværres også hele tiden. Det behøver ikke at være sådan. For det er en udvikling, vi ved, hvordan vi kan gøre noget ved. Men det kræver, at vi tør tage fat i årsagerne. Det er den forurening, der kommer fra en industrialiseret landbrugsproduktion, kemikalieindustrien. Det er anvendelse af fiskeredskaber, som ødelægger havbunden. Og her mangler modet til at handle desværre ofte. Det gælder, selv når det er klart, at biodiversiteten i havene forværres år efter år. Et af de steder, hvor modet mangler, er i mit eget hjemland, Danmark. Her taler regeringen varmt om vandmiljøet, men nægter samtidig at implementere vandrammedirektivet på den rigtige måde, eller for den sags skyld at skride ind mod landbrugets udledning af pesticider og kvælstof eller den forurening, som stammer fra kemiske kemikalievirksomheder i Danmark, hvoraf en af dem ovenikøbet producerer pesticider, som er ulovlige at bruge i EU-landene. Vores have gisper bogstaveligt talt efter vejret. Fisk, havdyr og planter forsvinder, hvis EU og medlemsstaterne ikke forstår, at vores have har brug for alvorlig førstehjælp.

     
       


     

      Thomas Bajada (S&D). – Madam President, this is embarrassing. We are discussing the future of our ocean when the plenary has practically already ended, when most MEPs have already gone. Is this the attention our future deserves? This is a clear statement that our ocean, our future, is not a priority for the leadership of this Parliament.

    Dear colleagues – whoever is left – the ocean is in peril, with climate change, unruly destruction of our biodiversity and our fishers desperately trying to survive. It is vital to have a properly‑managed international network of marine protected areas, not just for biodiversity, but for the survival of our coastal communities that rely on a healthy ocean for their livelihood.

    We can’t let this failure continue. The time to act is now. Let us deliver an Ocean Pact that truly protects our ocean and safeguards our livelihood. Empty promises won’t cut it. We need binding targets like real funding, and the international political will to deliver, through marine protected areas, for our ocean, our communities and our future.

     
       

       

    Procedura “catch-the-eye”

     
       

     

      Niels Geuking (PPE). – Frau Präsidentin! Die Meere sind der größte Lebensraum auf Erden und bedrohter denn je: Klimawandel, Überfischung, auch die eigenen Fangflotten, Verschmutzung, Nährstoff- und Plastikeintrag – und wir schaden uns dadurch auch selbst. Wer Fisch in seinen ganz normalen Speiseplan integriert hat, nimmt am Ende von zwei Wochen knapp diese Plastikkarte Mikroplastik zu sich, also eine Kreditkarte Mikroplastik, weil die Meere dementsprechend verschmutzt sind.

    Wir sollten uns unter anderem auch kritischer mit den Fangquoten auseinandersetzen, um den Fischarten überhaupt eine echte Erholungschance zu ermöglichen und am Ende auch die Arbeitsplätze längerfristig zu sichern. Jedes zu späte Handeln wird seine Folgen mit sich bringen; siehe die Störe, den Aal, Dorsch, Kabeljau, Hering, Schellfisch, Heringshai, Dornhai, die Seezunge, Lachs, Meerforelle – und das waren nur Nord- und Ostsee.

    Aktuell bieten Offshore-Windparks einen der besten Schutzräume für viele Meerestiere, wie z. B. die Nordseegarnele – an sich ein trauriger Fakt. Effektiv wäre es auch, wenn wir einmal darüber sprechen würden, dass Haifischflossen ein großes Problem darstellen. Würde der Hai als Ganzes in einen europäischen Hafen einlaufen müssen, wäre das Problem wahrscheinlich gar nicht so groß. Insofern, einfache Regelung mit enormer Wirkung.

     
       

     

      Jean-Marc Germain (S&D). – Madame la Présidente, mes chers collègues, comment parler de la protection des océans sans évoquer la nécessaire protection des lanceurs d’alerte? Paul Watson croupit en prison depuis près de cent jours pour avoir voulu faire respecter le moratoire sur la pêche à la baleine. Nous devons nous battre pour sa liberté. Je me réjouis cette initiative de la Ville de Paris qui en a fait un citoyen d’honneur de la capitale de mon pays. J’appelle par ailleurs le président de la République à lui accorder la nationalité française, qu’il demande, et j’appelle de nouveau l’Union européenne à lui offrir la protection de la directive de 2019 sur la protection des personnes qui signalent des violations du droit de l’Union européenne.

    La liste des destructions à l’œuvre dans nos océans est aussi longue que le temps est court pour agir. Agir, c’est sortir de la pêche industrielle, c’est établir de vraies aires maritimes protégées, c’est adopter un moratoire sur les exploitations minières en eaux profondes, c’est bannir les polluants qui détruisent la vie marine, c’est garantir de puissants moyens financiers et de contrôle.

    Les océans sont vitaux pour la préservation du vivant. Mes chers collègues, protégeons-les!

     
       

     

      Pernando Barrena Arza (The Left). – Señora presidenta, en este punto sobre las amenazas persistentes a zonas marinas protegidas y comunidades costeras quiero llamar la atención de sus señorías sobre un proyecto para la construcción en Gernika (País Vasco) de un nuevo museo Guggenheim en plena reserva de la biosfera de Urdaibai, que es un estuario en la desembocadura del río Oca al mar Cantábrico, en el océano Atlántico.

    Estamos hablando de un proyecto que vulnera la legislación europea al plantearse en la marisma de Urdaibai, una Zona de Especial Protección para las Aves o ZEPA y, por lo tanto, parte de la Red Natura 2000. Por esta zona, declarada de especial protección, se estima que circularían alrededor de 140 000 visitantes anuales, según los promotores del museo, lo cual es absolutamente un sinsentido.

    Esta situación hace que el proyecto cuente con una enorme oposición de los habitantes del lugar, que exigen detener este proyecto porque creen que pone en riesgo una zona que debiera estar especialmente protegida y que necesita un plan de desarrollo acorde con el valor del entorno ambiental de Urdaibai.

    Queremos interpelar a la Comisión para que actúe en consecuencia, proteja los intereses medioambientales de los ciudadanos de la zona y no permita el deterioro absoluto de este espacio costero, protegido por una figura diseñada por la propia Comisión Europea como es la Red Natura 2000.

     
       

     

      Lukas Sieper (NI). – Frau Präsidentin, Hohes Haus! Zum Abschluss dieser Plenarwoche möchte ich noch einmal auf die Grundsätze hinweisen, die zu befolgen in diesem Haus wichtig ist. Ich weiß, ich selbst bin auch manchmal disruptiv, wenn es um die Gepflogenheiten des Parlaments geht, aber manche Dinge sollten wir doch auf jeden Fall hier befolgen.

    Eines davon ist es, die Wahrheit zu sprechen, und zwar die ganze Wahrheit, nicht nur einen Teil davon. Deswegen möchte ich auf eine Wahrheit eingehen, die der Kollege Droese vorhin angesprochen hat. Herr Kollege Droese von der rechtsextremen Partei AfD sagte, dass es schon immer klimatische Veränderungen auf der Welt gegeben hat, schon immer Veränderungen der Biodiversität gegeben hat.

    Ja, das stimmt, das bezweifelt auch keiner. Tatsache ist aber, dass diese Veränderungen in den letzten Jahren und Jahrzehnten in einem Ausmaß stattfinden, wie es das noch nie auf der Welt gegeben hat. Auch wenn der Kollege mir offensichtlich leider nicht zuhört – was schade ist an der Stelle –, möchte ich ihm trotzdem bewusst machen: Sie müssen immer die ganze Wahrheit betrachten, vor allen Dingen, wenn es um Themen des Klimawandels geht, wie den Schutz der Ozeane.

     
       

       

    (Fine della procedura “catch the eye”)

     
       

     

      Janusz Wojciechowski, Member of the Commission. – Madam President, honourable Members, thank you very much for all the inspiring contributions.

    The Commission has engaged with citizens, businesses, scientists, NGOs, cities, coastal communities and our international partners. They all expect us to act. Achieving a coherent and effectively‑managed EU network of marine protected areas will remain a high priority for the Commission. We need more marine protected areas and we need them to be truly protected through effective conservation measures.

    We have the awareness of our citizens, we have the knowledge and we have solutions. Now we need the political will, across Member States, to engage the dialogue, to strengthen the knowledge base, to support the innovations, to achieve full compliance with European law.

    Honourable Members, let’s secure together a better future for our ocean to the benefit of all of us.

    Pani Przewodnicząca! Jeszcze pozwolę sobie na zakończenie kilka słów powiedzieć w moim ojczystym języku polskim, bo padła tutaj wypowiedź jednego z Państwa, z panów posłów, że sankcje, którymi Unia Europejska obejmuje Rosję, są po to, żeby Rosja cierpiała. Otóż nie, one nie są po to, żeby Rosja cierpiała. One są po to, żeby nie cierpiała Ukraina, a w dalszej przyszłości, aby podobne cierpienie nie spotkało żadnego innego kraju, w tym mojego ojczystego kraju Polski.

     
       

     

      Presidente. – La discussione è chiusa.

     

    13. Explications de vote

     

      Presidente. – L’ordine del giorno reca le dichiarazioni di voto.

     

    13.1. Situation in Azerbaijan, violation of human rights and international law and relations with Armenia (RC-B10-0133/2024)


     

      Seán Kelly (PPE). – A Uachtaráin, ní ráiteas polaitiúil amháin é an tairiscint i gcomhair rúin ar an staid san Asarbaiseáin, ach ráiteas morálta. Ní mór dúinn freagairt ar ghlanadh eitneach na nAirméineach, ar ionsaí míleata leanúnach agus ar neamhaird gan náire na hAsarbaiseáine ar chearta an duine. Ní mór don Aontas Eorpach an daonlathas a chosaint, agus ní mór an smacht reachta agus na luachanna sin a urramú go leanúnach. Ní hamháin nach mór dúinn na gníomhaíochtaí sin a cháineadh, ach ní mór dúinn gníomhú ina leith freisin. Caithfimid an Asarbaiseáin a thabhairt chun cuntais. Úsáidimis an rún seo chun ár dtiomantas do chearta an duine a athdhearbhú, ní hamháin le briathar ach le gníomh. Agus anois freagróidh mé an fón.

     

    13.2. People’s Republic of China’s misinterpretation of the UN resolution 2758 and its continuous military provocations around Taiwan (RC-B10-0134/2024)


     

      Seán Kelly (PPE). – A Uachtaráin, thacaigh mé leis an rún seo toisc go bhfuil rannpháirtíocht fhiúntach tuillte ag an Téaváin i bhfóraim idirnáisiúnta. Cé go dtugtar aitheantas i rún 2758 na Náisiún Aontaithe i 1971 do Dhaon-Phoblacht na Síne, ní réitíonn sé stádas na Téaváine ná ní thugann sé ceannasacht don tSín ar an Téaváin. Tá ról ríthábhachtach ag an Téaváin, ar thír dhaonlathach bhríomhar í ar fud an domhain, ón gcúram sláinte go dtí an teicneolaíocht. Ba cheart a toghcháin shíochánta agus a dearcadh comhoibrithe domhanda a léiriú ina rannpháirtíocht le heagraíochtaí idirnáisiúnta amhail EDS agus ICAO. Ní hamháin go bhfuil sé cóir, ach tá sé riachtanach freisin go dtacaímid le rannpháirtíocht na Téaváine chun an dlí idirnáisiúnta agus an daonlathas a urramú.

     

    14. Approval of the minutes of the sitting and forwarding of texts adopted

     

      Presidente. – Il processo verbale della seduta odierna verrà sottoposto all’approvazione del Parlamento all’inizio della prossima seduta.

    Se non vi sono obiezioni, procedo alla trasmissione immediata delle risoluzioni approvate nella seduta odierna ai loro destinatari.

     

    15. Dates of forthcoming sittings

     

      Presidente. – La prossima tornata si svolgerà dal 13 al 14 novembre 2024 a Bruxelles.

     

    16. Closure of the sitting

       

    (La seduta è tolta alle 15.41)

     

    17. Adjournment of the session

     

      Presidente. – Dichiaro interrotta la sessione del Parlamento europeo.

    La seduta è tolta.

     

    MIL OSI Europe News

  • MIL-OSI Europe: AFRICA/NIGERIA – “Legalizing abortion goes against the right to life enshrined in the Constitution”

    Source: Agenzia Fides – MIL OSI

    Abuja (Agenzia Fides) – “Rather than expanding access to safe termination of pregnancy by destroying life, the government should amplify its efforts towards educating the people on the imperatives of the values and dignity of the human person,” says Father Zacharia Nyantiso Samjumi, Secretary General of the Catholic Secretariat of Nigeria (CSN), the central body of the Episcopal Conference of Nigeria.The intervention of Fr. Samjumi was necessary after the Department for Health Promotion of the Federal Ministry of Health undertook a review of the Penal Code to decriminalize abortion.In his statement, the Secretary General of the CSN recalls that the legalization of abortion contradicts the Nigerian Constitution, which guarantees the right to life. Article 33 of the 1999 Constitution states that “every person has a right to life, and no one shall be de- prived intentionally of his life”.Fr Samjumi says that rather than promoting abortion, the government should focus on educating citizens on reproductive health and the dignity of human life. “Rather than enthrone the culture of death through the legalisation of abortion, the government should place a premium on the sacred dignity and love that should be accorded to the human person, which is guaranteed by natural law and divine commandments and affirmed in the constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria,” says the CSN Secretary General.”The Catholic Church and all ethically-minded people oppose all forms of abortion procedures whose direct purpose is to terminate the life of a baby in the womb. The unborn child has the right to live and be protected and not to be killed by the fiat of an unjust law. We believe strongly that every human life must be respected and protected, especially the most vulnerable ones in the womb from the moment of their conception”. (L.M.) (Agenzia Fides, 25/10/2024)
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    MIL OSI Europe News

  • MIL-OSI Economics: Inaugural ESG Forum Wraps Up in Abidjan with Stakeholders Uniting around Vision for an Africa ESG Hub

    Source: African Development Bank Group

    (From left) Olumide Lala, Executive Director, Climate Transition Limited with Natenin Coulibaly, General Manager Corporate Services, MTN; Armande Laetitia Ohouo-Lath, Director of Sustainable Development, SIFCA; Rachael Antwi, Group Sustainability and Environmental Risk, ECOBANK and Azeez Alayande, ESG Manager, ENGIE Nigeria during a session on Challenges and Opportunities in ESG Reporting in Africa at the Africa ESG Forum

    Two days of intensive discussions on building a sustainable finance ecosystem for Africa ended in Abidjan on Tuesday with stakeholders from government and the private sector expressing strong support for an Africa-focused Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) Data Hub.

    The inaugural Africa ESG Forum, held at the Sofitel Hotel in Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, was organised by the African Development Bank, the Multilateral Cooperation Centre for Development Finance, and Making Finance Work for Africa. It featured discussions on ESG reporting challenges and investor expectations, and concluded with the inaugural meeting of the ESG working group.

    Representatives of various participating institutions shared their ESG implementation experiences. Moubarak Moukaila of the West African Development Bank highlighted the Bank’s progress in sustainable project development. “We created, at the beginning of this year, a unit that supports project development. We have developed, within six months, three projects with GEM and two projects with Green Climate Fund.”

    Ahlem Kefi, Impact & Sustainability Officer at AfricInvest, outlined the firm’s comprehensive approach to sustainability assessments. “We start looking at the ESG risks and the ESG data from the first screening phase,” she said. “We don’t call this ESG due diligence, we call it impact and sustainability due diligence.”

    Mostafa Hawas of the Egyptian Stock Exchange offered practical insights into implementing ESG reporting requirements. He outlined how they began with “a very, very simple survey” distributed to listed companies, and emphasized the importance of gradual implementation to build awareness, before introducing more detailed requirements.

    Kuhle Sojola, ESG Engagement Specialist at Sanlam Investments, addressed the critical issue of greenwashing – the misleading use of advertising and marketing to falsely portray an organization’s products, goals, or policies as being environmentally friendly – in corporate reporting. “We use engagement as a tool to mitigate or reduce the risk of greenwashing,” she said, adding that, when a company’s reported metrics differ significantly from those of their peer group, “that is usually an indication that there could be a level of greenwashing there.”

    Participants at the Forum envisioned the proposed African ESG Hub as a unifying vehicle for sustainability issues in Africa, enhancing awareness among local entities and international investors. In preparation for its establishment, they acknowledged that with 80 percent of African companies being SMEs, engaging the sector would be critical in advancing ESG reporting and sustainable finance across the continent. In addition, they outlined plans for the proposed Hub, including ensuring that it provides a credible platform for training and technical assistance, and for sharing best practices and case studies.

    MIL OSI Economics

  • MIL-OSI: Bitget Wallet Powers Nearly 50% of Catizen Airdrop

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    VICTORIA, Seychelles, Oct. 25, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Bitget Wallet, the leading non-custodial Web3 wallet, facilitated nearly 50% of claims for the Catizen’s CATI token airdrop, according to onchain data. This positions Bitget Wallet as the most popular choice for users claiming the Catizen airdrop, underscoring its dominance in accessing the latest Web3 opportunities.

    Catizen is an innovative game within the TON and Mantle ecosystems, seamlessly blending gaming with crypto rewards in a play-for-airdrop format. Its integration with Telegram’s mini-app ecosystem has made it highly accessible, creating a dynamic hub for Web 3.0 traffic and quickly attracting players eager to explore the next generation of blockchain gaming. The CATI airdrop claim period, which ran from September 19 to October 24, nearly 50% of all claims were made through Bitget Wallet, underscoring its popularity among users.

    Bitget Wallet partnered with Catizen to enhance its airdrop experience by providing full gas fee subsidies, enabling users to claim CATI tokens on-chain at no cost. The initiative also included a prize pool of 50,000 CATI tokens for users completing designated tasks. Furthermore, Bitget Wallet integrated Catizen’s Game Center by adding a dedicated section within its DApp platform for easy access. This collaboration enriches the Catizen community and solidifies Bitget Wallet’s role within the expanding TON ecosystem.

    Alvin Kan, COO of Bitget Wallet, stated, “Our partnership with Catizen is a step for making blockchain gaming more accessible. By facilitating seamless access to the Catizen game and its token airdrop, we are removing barriers to participation and empowering users to explore new opportunities, ultimately fostering a vibrant blockchain gaming community and Web3 ecosystem.

    About Bitget Wallet

    Bitget Wallet is the home of Web3, where endless possibilities come together in one wallet. Uniting over 40 million users, this non-custodial wallet brings everything onchain in one place—asset management, quick swaps, rewards, staking, trading tools, live market data, a DApp browser, and an NFT marketplace. With wallet options like mnemonic, MPC, AA, and a Telegram bot, Bitget Wallet serves everyone from beginners to advanced traders. Supporting 100+ blockchains, 20,000+ DApps and 500,000+ tokens, it connects to hundreds of DEXs and cross-chain bridges for seamless multi-chain trading, and offers a $300 million protection fund to keep your digital assets safe.

    Experience Bitget Wallet Lite to start your Web3 journey.

    For more information, visit: Website | Twitter | Telegram | Instagram | YouTube | LinkedIn | TikTok | Discord

    About Catizen

    Catizen is a revolutionary gaming bot on Telegram that seamlessly integrates the messaging app Telegram with multiple blockchains, including TON and Mantle Network. It redefines Web 3.0 experiences by enabling -mobile payments with both crypto currencies and fiat currencies. By tapping into Telegram’s vast user base, Catizen aims to create a Web 3.0 traffic hub on an unprecedented scale.

    Additionally, Catizen is evolving into a Mini-app Center, integrating features from launchpool platforms, such as early access to new projects, token-based activities, transaction capabilities, along with short videos and e-commerce functionalities. This innovative approach will attract and engage users through gamification and strategic Play-to-Airdrop initiatives, transforming how users access and engage with the Web 3.0 ecosystem.

    For more information, visit: X | Official Website | Telegram | Telegram Chat | Bot

    A photo accompanying this announcement is available at https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/ce6b68b3-c33e-45b6-bd97-85090f45a5c4

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI Global: Foreign countries are helping autocracies repress exiled dissidents in return for economic gain

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Rebecca Cordell, Assistant Professor of Political Science, University of Pittsburgh

    Governments, even democratic ones, are willing to aid autocracies in silencing exiled dissidents if the host nation thinks it’s in its economic interest.

    That is what we found when looking into cases of transnational repression – the act of governments reaching across their national border to repress diasporas and exiles – from 2014 to 2020.

    Since 2014, international watchdog Freedom House recorded 1,034 cases of governments reaching across borders to illegally deport, abduct, intimidate or assassinate their citizens.

    The most frequent offenders were autocratic countries such as China (213 cases), Turkey (111), Egypt (42), Tajikistan (38), Russia (32) and Uzbekistan (29).

    These governments have extended their reach into over 100 foreign countries to silence critics abroad. While autocracies sometimes act alone or collaborate with nongovernment actors, the most common form of transnational repression involves the governments of countries to which targeted people have fled. This includes democracies working closely with autocratic regimes to arrest, detain and deport people who face the risk of persecution and repression in the home country.

    Our analysis of Freedom House data found that cooperation in transnational repression is most common among trade partners and when foreign countries wish to maintain or improve their economic relationship with autocratic governments.

    Meanwhile, autocratic countries were most successful in securing cooperation among foreign countries with a weak rule of law.

    For example, Turkey has successfully secured cooperation from multiple countries with a weak rule of law, such as Lebanon, in its efforts to silence Turkish journalists and overseas citizens linked to the opposition Gülen movement. Meanwhile, China has used its economic leverage to compel foreign governments to cooperate, with Cambodia deporting 20 Uyghur asylum-seekers to China after signing 14 trade deals with the country. Similarly, Thailand forcibly returned numerous dissident journalists to China, its largest trade partner.

    Our analysis looked specifically at countries hosting refugees and asylum-seekers, since having diaspora populations is necessary for transnational repression to occur. For example, we included Poland, which hosts many Russian refugees, but excluded Belize, which has none.

    Using Freedom House’s database, we tracked 608 cases of direct government cooperation in transnational repression. We focused specifically on detentions, renditions without legal representation, and unlawful deportations, but we excluded cases such as assassinations where host countries weren’t directly involved.

    Then, using statistical models, we analyzed IMF data on annual trade flows and World Bank assessments of a country’s rule of law.

    We found strong quantitative evidence that international cooperation on transnational repression relies on a country’s economic ties to the origin country and the quality of the country’s rule of law.

    Why it matters

    Our findings suggest that many countries are willing to sacrifice the civil liberties of foreign dissidents for economic opportunities with authoritarian governments. Autocracies also appear to be strategically targeting vulnerable states with weak rule of law institutions, such as the police, courts or immigration authorities.

    Foreign countries that are less concerned about the consequences of breaking the rule of law are easier to co-opt and coerce, especially when they’re more financially dependent on the autocratic partner.

    This provides autocracies with both the opportunity to repress and the leverage to elicit cooperation in violation of the “non-refoulement” rule – which, under international law, protects migrants from being returned to a country where they are at risk of torture.

    What still isn’t known

    It is difficult to know the full scale of transnational repression. Data measuring transnational repression is able to capture only the “tip of the iceberg,” as Freedom House has put it.

    Many instances likely go unobserved due to the secret nature of human rights violations and governmental attempts to cover up, censor and deny abuses. We also know less about what causes autocracies to carry out transnational repression through collaborations with nonstate actors – including political parties, educational and religious groups, businesses and criminal gangs – rather than governments.

    More research is needed to establish what prompts autocracies to engage in different types of tactics, from nonphysical instances of transnational repression – harassment, intimidation and threats – to physical forms, such as detention, abduction and physical violence.

    The decision to engage in one tactic over another may be driven by different strategic benefits and costs.

    The Research Brief is a short take on interesting academic work.

    The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. Foreign countries are helping autocracies repress exiled dissidents in return for economic gain – https://theconversation.com/foreign-countries-are-helping-autocracies-repress-exiled-dissidents-in-return-for-economic-gain-240069

    MIL OSI – Global Reports

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Study finds UK adults aren’t connected to nature

    Source: Anglia Ruskin University

    Published: 25 October 2024 at 13:05

    New research led by ARU finds barriers prevent everyone enjoying nature equally

    New research indicates that UK adults experience less of a connection with nature than adults from most other countries, ranking 59th out of 65 national groups surveyed.

    The study, which includes data from 56,968 adults aged between 18 and 99, also found that levels of connection with nature are associated with several socioeconomic and demographic factors across countries.

    Led by Professor Viren Swami of Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), the study involved over 250 academics from over 60 countries and is published in the Journal of Environmental Psychology.

    The UK was ranked 59th out of 65 on the Connectedness to Nature Scale, which asks participants to rate statements, such as “I often feel a sense of oneness with the natural world around me”, “I have a deep understanding of how my actions affect the natural world”, and “I often feel part of the web of life”.

    Data for some countries was separated into different languages – for example English and French responses from Canada – providing 65 national groups. Nepal, Iran, and South Africa were the top three nations, while Israel (63rd), Japan (64th), and Spain (65th) were at the bottom of the rankings.

    The UK scored better on the Nature Exposure Scale, which measures people’s contact with nature around their home and work, their recreational visits, and their nature awareness.

    Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, and Lithuania were the leading three countries, with the top 10 nations on the Nature Exposure Scale all European, with the exception of French-speaking Canadians. The UK was 31st out of 65, and the bottom three nations were Lebanon, South Korea and, finally, Brazil.

    Across all nations, the study found that women reported both higher nature connectedness and greater nature exposure than men, consistent with previous research showing that women overall tend to have greater environmental concern and empathy with nature. Both connectedness to nature and nature exposure scores also increased with age, which is possibly linked to older adults having more time and opportunities to engage with nature.

    Taking results from the two measures together, greater nature exposure and connectedness to nature scores were both linked to socioeconomic factors. Higher scores were significantly associated with greater financial security, living in a rural location, a higher level of education, being in a committed relationship, and being in a racial majority in that particular country. 

    Lead author Viren Swami, Professor of Social Psychology at Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), said:

    “Spending time in a natural environment can provide a number of really important benefits. 

    “My previous research has shown how being in green spaces, ‘blue’ environments, such as by rivers or the coast, and even snowy landscapes can improve different facets of psychological well-being and mental health, and of course there are physical health benefits from spending time outdoors in nature.

    “The evidence that being in nature is good for you is undeniable, but crucially this new study shows that exposure to nature and levels of connectedness to nature are not enjoyed equally by different nations or across different social groups.

    “The significant associations with financial wealth, being better educated, and being part of the racial majority within a particular country reflects known socioeconomic inequities in terms of lack of access to natural environments. Racial minorities may also experience natural environments differently, for example in terms of a sense of belonging, and this can impact on people’s attitude to nature and their desire to access it.

    “Unfortunately, barriers to accessing nature exist in countries across the world and it is important these barriers are broken down to allow people from all backgrounds to access and enjoy the benefits of natural spaces.”

    MIL OSI United Kingdom

  • MIL-OSI Economics: How To Do Better

    Source: International Monetary Fund

    Speech by IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva at the 2024 Annual Meetings Plenary

    October 25, 2024

    As prepared for delivery

    Thank you, Governor Munawar, and a very good morning to all!

    It is my privilege to address you on behalf of the talented and dedicated staff of the IMF—and to do so alongside Ajay Banga, who has been a great partner since he started in his job. Ajay, I cannot stress enough how much I admire your leadership of the World Bank and value our partnership—the two of us, as well as between our institutions!

    Let me start with some good news: inflation is in retreat. From 5.7 percent in the fourth quarter of last year, our World Economic Outlook sees global inflation falling to 5.3 percent in the current quarter and further to 3.5 percent in Q4 2025—with a faster decline in advanced economies. Tight monetary policies have worked without breaking the back of the global economy. Big sense of relief.

    But not yet time for celebration—including because, even if inflation is coming down, the new and higher price level is here to stay. Families are hurting.

    And, looking ahead, the world now faces a low growth – high debt trajectory:

    • We project world GDP to grow at an anemic average rate of 3.2 percent per year over the next five years—just look at how our forecasts have been revised lower and lower over the years.
    • At the same time, we forecast global public debt to keep rising—with a risk that it could exceed our baseline projection by as much as 20 percent of world GDP in a severe but plausible negative scenario. A hundred trillion dollars in government debt worldwide. Higher interest payments eating up a growing slice of fiscal revenues, especially in low-income and emerging market countries. All of this as spending pressures pile up.

    Spending priorities include outlays related to climate and demography and, in emerging market and low-income countries, investment to close development gaps. By 2030, IMF research sees these spending pressures adding some 7 percent of GDP to annual expenditure in advanced economies, 9 percent of GDP in emerging markets, and 14 percent in low-income developing countries.

    To make matters worse, the world is fracturing, and trade is no longer the powerful engine of growth that it used to be. The retreat from global economic integration—driven by both national security concerns and the anger of those who lost out from it—is visible in a mushrooming of industrial policy measures, trade barriers, and protectionism.

    There is much work to do.

    My message to our members is this: first, shift toward rebuilding fiscal buffers; second, invest in growth-enhancing reforms; and third, work together to tackle global challenges.

    With monetary policy easing, fiscal consolidation should start now. Credibility requires persuasive communication with the public. Multi-year fiscal plans should lay out consolidation paths tailored to country-specific situations.

    This is not easy. Governments face a dilemma—more accurately, a “trilemma”—of large spending needs, political redlines on taxation, and the need to rebuild buffers.

    Domestic revenue mobilization will be critical for many countries to square this circle. Growth-enhancing investments, notably in climate and technology, must be protected. And consolidation should be designed so it does not come at the expense of social protection and jobs.

    The IMF can help. Take for instance the case of Jamaica, where the government secured public support for a carefully designed package of revenue and expenditure reforms that protected public investment and social spending yet still succeeded in almost halving debt between 2012 and 2022. More than 20 countries have been able to boost their tax revenues by over 5 percent of GDP in the past three decades. There are many good examples.

    In parallel with fiscal consolidation, countries must launch ambitious reforms to lift their growth potential. Higher growth not only helps creates well-paid jobs but also eases the fiscal trilemma by generating higher tax revenues.

    These reforms span labor-market measures such as skills enhancement and job matching, product-market measures to cut red tape and mobilize savings, and specific measures to foster innovation and raise productivity. In the advanced economies, venture capital and capital market integration are key priorities; elsewhere, the focus needs to include steps to improve governance and institutions.

    Real progress is possible. A new IMF study shows that reforms are best developed through two-way dialogue with the public, with measures to mitigate the impact on those who risk losing out.

    But domestic policies will not be enough. To tackle today’s global challenges, we need—more than ever—cooperation andmultilateral action. The IMF and World Bank have a critical role to play here.

    Take the issue of debt. In countries on the edge of fiscal distress, proactive steps are needed to restore debt sustainability. The Fund has prioritized addressing debt vulnerabilities and enhancing debt resolution, with efforts that are now paying off. Already, the Common Framework has delivered milestone achievements for Ghana and Ethiopia—even if further efforts are needed to increase predictability and accelerate timelines in debt treatments.

    Progress has been underpinned by enhanced cooperation among stakeholders at the Global Sovereign Debt Roundtable, which has helped build consensus on technical issues.

    In today’s high-temperature geopolitical environment, we can’t take cooperation for granted. This is why everything we do at the Fund is about delivering value to our members, tailored to their needs.

    Our bilateral surveillance provides timely diagnostics and advice to help countries implement strong policies. During the pandemic, it was pivotal in helping countries assemble coordinated policy responses swiftly, despite high uncertainty.

    The focus of our regular consultations with member countries ranges from supporting institutional development in fragile and conflict-affected states, to capital flow management in emerging market economies, to advising on the details of interest rate policy in advanced economies. And we have deepened our analysis of the macroeconomic policy challenges posed by the green and digital transformations.

    Our multilateral surveillance then pulls it all together to extract cross-cutting lessons for all. Again, the goal is to ensure that problems are identified and addressed early. This is precisely what we do in our flagship reports: the World Economic Outlook, the Global Financial Stability Report, and the Fiscal Monitor.

    All of this is complemented by our capacity development work. We have fielded thousands of technical assistance missions in the last five years alone, transferring knowledge and creating a deep well of goodwill in the process.

    In short, we are the world’s essential transmission line for the sharing of country experiences across our membership.

    And then there is the Fund’s unique role as a lender at the center of the global financial safety net.

    We are the first responder in times of trouble. Countries know we are here to catch them if they fall—especially the poorest and most vulnerable.

    We have stepped up our lending to support reforms and help vulnerable countries address balance of payment needs and build resilience in the face of multiple shocks.

    Barbados and Benin, Cabo Verde and Costa Rica, Moldova and Morocco, Suriname and Sri Lanka, to name but a few—the list of recent IMF program successes is long.

    In the years since the onset of the pandemic, we have set records for both our total lending volume and the number of countries assisted, with the stock of concessional credit outstanding from our Poverty Reduction and Growth Trust tripling to $28 billion. And, in the less than three years since its launch, 20 countries have received long-term loans from our Resilience and Sustainability Trust, supporting policies to boost resilience to climate change.

    At the Fund we are currently exhibiting an artwork that captures our lending volumes over the decades in a beautifully visual way—the results are truly remarkable, please come and see for yourself!

    The 50 percent quota increase we agreed last year in Marrakesh, solidifies our lending capacity. We will build on these foundations by continuing to refine our toolkit. Strengthening the Fund’s lending role and precautionary credit facilities strengthens the global financial safety net. All countries stand to benefit—because less instability means the whole world does better, and because aggregating resources together is efficient.

    Fund support is essential for countries with a limited capacity to build international reserves—and doubly so given that five countries own more than half of the world’s total reserves, while many countries remain relatively unprotected.

    At the IMF, we have just had a great example of cooperation occurring on the very eve of these Annual Meetings. Reflecting years of strong net income, our Executive Board agreed a set of measures that will, first, safeguard the financial strength that underpins our support for our members; second, reduce charges and surcharges on our regular lending by an average of 36 percent; and, third, deliver a comprehensive reform and financing package that more than doubles our concessional lending capacity and places our support to low-income countries on a firm footing for years to come.

    Beyond the substance of these important reforms, let me highlight that we succeeded in securing unanimous support. Not a single member country objected.

    This did not “just happen”—we had to work very hard for it, and we iterated many times with our members to deliver a result that in the end worked for all.

    This is a lesson for the coming years. No matter how difficult the geopolitics may be, we can work to preserve the spirit of concrete, actionable cooperation. Countries rally not in idealism or charity but out of enlightened self-interest.

    To do our job well we must strive for inclusivity. In this spirit I ask you all to please join me in warmly welcoming Prime Minister Daniel Risch and his team—they are here to represent our newest, 191st member: the Principality of Liechtenstein.

    We must also never stop striving for fair representation of the world we live in. Work is ongoing with our Board and the membership to develop, by June, possible approaches as a guide to better reflect members’ weight in the world economy, including through a new quota formula.

    Similarly, voice matters. I am delighted that on November 1 our Board will welcome a third Director for Sub-Saharan Africa, ensuring more voice for this region.

    Last but not least, cooperation does not happen in a vacuum. At the Fund, we rely on institutional strength and our excellent staff to do the work of supporting our member countries. Please join me in a round of applause for them!

    Let me close with an anecdote.

    This year being the 80th anniversary of the historic Bretton Woods conference, Ajay and I decided to go to our birthplace. We took a group of leading thinkers with us for two days of reflection. We went to draw inspiration from our founders: men who, even in the darkest days of total war, were able to shape a new world. And we understood: if Keynes and White could shine a light in a tunnel that dark, then clearly, our mission is to carry their torch.

    The skies over Bretton Woods were mostly dark and gloomy during those two days last month. But then—suddenly—the sun broke through, and Mother Nature gifted us a gorgeous double rainbow. Set against the turning foliage of Mount Washington in the Fall, it was just spectacular. There is no other way to put it.

    To us, that was a great omen—and a reminder that the sun is always there, it is only the clouds that come and go. Our founders have left us a legacy to see through darker times. And so we will—because we know it can be done.

    Thank you!

    IMF Communications Department
    MEDIA RELATIONS

    PRESS OFFICER:

    Phone: +1 202 623-7100Email: MEDIA@IMF.org

    @IMFSpokesperson

    MIL OSI Economics

  • MIL-OSI Europe: Africa Day : Celebrating African Excellence

    Source: Universities – Science Po in English

    On October 3rd, Sciences Po hosted a major event celebrating Africa’s rich heritage and vibrant innovations. On the occasion of the Francophonie Summit and in partnership with the French-African Foundation, AFRICA Day gathered 600 participants to imagine a future where African excellence shines on the global stage.

    The day began at the Élysée Palace, where the next generation of African leaders engaged in a discussion with French President Emmanuel Macron. Following this, Arancha Gonzalez, Dean of the Paris School of International Affairs (PSIA), and founding partner Nachouat Meghouar, Director General of the French-African Foundation, welcomed participants at Sciences Po and officially launched the first edition of the AFRICA Day which was supported by the French Ministry for Europe and Foreign Affairs, UM6P-Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Jeune Afrique magazine, Concerto, OCP Group, and Boston Consulting Group.

    Throughout the day and in over 15 sessions, participants had the privilege to directly engage with more than 40 speakers and influential leaders from the continent on topics related to economics and finance, technology, development, climate change, security, entrepreneurship and creative industries. Further program details can be found at theafricaday.com.

    For the final plenary session, Mohamed Ould El Ghazouani, the President of the Islamic Republic of Mauritania and Chairperson of the African Union, stressed how stability was necessary to Africa’s development and prosperity.

    The day concluded with a memorable concert by Congolese artist Fally Ipupa, bringing together students and partners in celebration of the diverse voices and vibrant culture of the African continent. 

    This successful event was made possible by the dedication and enthusiasm of our many student volunteers who made sure the day went smoothly. 

    AFRICA Day was also a demonstration of Sciences Po’s strong commitment to Africa. We are proud to be one of Europe’s universities with the most active network of partner institutions in Africa. We also offer many academic programs and research dedicated to the continent. PSIA notably offers targeted courses through the African Studies concentration.

    Sciences Po’s student and alumni communities are also enriched by some 700 students from 46 African countries and over 1,000 alumni in Africa. We are fortunate to benefit from an important partnership with the Mastercard Foundation Scholars Program, which provides Scholarship enabling students from the continent to join Sciences Po’s graduate programmes

    MIL OSI Europe News

  • MIL-OSI Global: The best horror movie you’ve never seen

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Scott Malia, Associate Professor of Theatre, College of the Holy Cross

    In ‘Trick ‛r Treat,’ Sam wreaks havoc on characters who betray Halloween traditions. Legendary

    It’s scary movie season, a time when many people watch films about zombies, serial killers, werewolves, magic and mysterious monsters who are impossible to kill.

    However, as far as I know, there’s only one film that features all of those elements – and you’ve probably never seen it.

    Made in 2007, “Trick ‛r Treat” consists of four interconnected horror stories, each about 15 to 20 minutes long, that all take place on a single Halloween night.

    While characters from one story sometimes appear in other segments, the unifying force in the film is Sam, a mysterious creature wearing a burlap mask. He takes umbrage whenever a character disrespects a Halloween tradition, whether it’s by scaring away trick-or-treaters or blowing out a jack-o’-lantern before Halloween is over. Each meets a gruesome end.

    Horror buffs eventually discovered the film. Today, it’s hailed as a modern classic.

    ‘Trick ‛r Treat’ ended up forgoing a theatrical run.

    What went wrong?

    “Trick ‛r Treat” was produced by a major studio, Warner Bros. It featured A-list stars, such as Brian Cox and Oscar-winner Anna Paquin. It was produced by Bryan Singer, who was known for churning out hits such as “X-Men” and “The Usual Suspects.” And though its director, Mike Dougherty, was making his directorial debut, he had worked as a screenwriter on films such as “X2: X-Men United” and “Superman Returns.”

    Despite all of these credentials, the film’s theatrical release was delayed from fall 2007 to 2008. Then a theater run was canceled altogether, with Warner Bros. finally releasing it on video in 2009.

    The studio never gave an official reason for pulling the theatrical release; however, some critics have speculated that the box office success of the “Saw” franchise and Rob Zombie’s “Halloween” remake were factors.

    Other reports suggest that the film’s anthology format, its mixture of horror and comedy, and a plot featuring murdered children made it too hard a sell.

    Given the cost of marketing and promoting “Trick ‛r Treat” to a nationwide audience, perhaps the risk wasn’t worth it for a film with a relatively small US$5 million budget. Dougherty himself said these hang-ups constituted a “perfect storm”, suggesting that no one development sealed the film’s fate.

    Michael Dougherty’s film included a number of elements that became mainstays of the genre – he was just a bit early to the game.
    Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images

    Bypassing the box office

    As recently as a decade ago, films released directly to DVD were viewed as flops or cash grabs. In fact, there’s an entire subgenre called “mockbusters” – low-budget rip-offs of studio films, such as “Transmorphers,” which tried to piggyback the success of the “Transformers” franchise, and “Atlantic Rim,” which attempted to do the same for the 2013 blockbuster “Pacific Rim.”

    Then there are direct-to-video sequels meant to capitalize off hits. Disney made a lot of money in the late 1990s and early 2000s producing widely panned, direct-to-video animated features such as “The Return of Jafar” and “Pocahontas II: Journey to a New World.”

    But second lives for films that were initially snubbed or ignored are nothing new.

    The Boondock Saints” was briefly screened in a handful of theaters for a single week in 1999 before being dumped into the video market. Only then did viewers find it, and it became a cult favorite that eventually begat a sequel.

    The stigma of direct-to-video release has diminished over the past decade thanks to the rise of streaming, in which content made directly for home viewing can receive critical acclaim and attract subscribers.

    Actor Nicolas Cage has made a cottage industry of this format. While some have attributed his massive output in the past decade to his financial difficulties, Cage’s films “Joe” (2013), “Mandy” (2018) and “Pig” (2021) have all received critical acclaim, despite sometimes only running in a handful of theaters for a week before their release into streaming markets and video on demand.

    It’s this sort of tradition that led to the rediscovery of “Trick ‛r Treat.”

    Nicolas Cage attends the special screening of ‘Mandy’ in 2018.
    Paul Archuleta/FilmMagic via Getty Images.

    Hipster horror

    The appeal of “Trick ‛r Treat” is rooted in its subversion of horror tropes.

    For example, women and children, who’ve historically served as victims in the genre, have a lot more agency in Dougherty’s Halloween tale. In fact, the mysterious Sam was played by Quinn Lord, who was only 8 years old when the film was shot. In the film, the character’s origin, age and gender remain undefined since Sam is masked or covered in prosthetics for the entire film, blurring the line between human and monster.

    In addition, the film’s complex structure, which some speculated might have hurt its chances for commercial success, helped fuel the film’s critical praise. Dougherty called it “‘Pulp Fiction’ meets ‘Halloween,’” a nod to the interlocking structure of Quentin Tarantino’s breakout film and the setting of John Carpenter’s horror staple, which also unfolds over one Halloween night.

    It has become somewhat of a cliché to say that esteemed art, initially overlooked, was “ahead of its time.”

    Still, it would be fair to say that “Trick ‘r Treat” arrived on the cusp of what has been called a “horror renaissance” in the past 15 years. Directors like Jordan Peele, Ari Aster, Robert Eggers and Mike Flanagan have found critical and commercial success by branding themselves as horror auteurs.

    In addition, Peele and directors like Nia Dacosta, who helmed 2021’s “Candyman,” have opened up a brand of horror that deals with social issues and identity. Dougherty’s film also anticipated a trend of horror films with a darkly humorous streak, including Peele’s “Get Out” and David Gordon Green’s reimagined “Halloween” sequels.

    Despite the film’s rocky beginnings, “Trick ‛r Treat” received a belated theatrical release in 2022, which has spurred talk of a potential sequel.

    Dougherty even acknowledges that the film may owe its current popularity to its botched release. While some mainstream films disappear quickly, “Trick ‛r Treat” – currently streaming on Max – reappears every Halloween. Just like Sam.

    Scott Malia does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. The best horror movie you’ve never seen – https://theconversation.com/the-best-horror-movie-youve-never-seen-241528

    MIL OSI – Global Reports

  • MIL-OSI USA: Kennedy in The Hill: Biden admin threatens safety of key military base to appease UN activists

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator John Kennedy (Louisiana)

    MADISONVILLE, La. – Sen. John Kennedy (R-La.) penned this op-ed in The Hill questioning the Biden-Harris administration’s decision to allow the United Kingdom to cede sovereignty of the Chagos Islands to Mauritius. Kennedy argued that this deal jeopardizes the safety of a key base on the island of Diego Garcia and benefits the Chinese Communist Party. 

    Key excerpts of the op-ed are below:

    “The importance of the base at Diego Garcia cannot be overstated. Diego Garcia is one of the only bases in the world where our military can reload submarines. The base also houses several Navy ships and long-range bomber aircraft that we use to carry out missions around the world. These key missions have made it a top target of Chinese Communist Party spies.

    “Today, we know our assets on Diego Garcia are secure because the Chagos Islands are a British territory. The United Kingdom controls the island of Diego Garcia and the surrounding water to protect our shared missions.

    “Our secure arrangement, however, just imploded. The United Kingdom announced that it will turn over control of the Chagos Islands to the island nation of Mauritius.”

    . . .

    “This decision wasn’t about righting the wrongs that the United Kingdom supposedly committed against the people of Chagos, though. Chagossians consider themselves an indigenous people. The Chagos Islands and Mauritius—which are more than 1,200 miles apart—speak different versions of Creole and have no shared pre-colonial historic ties. They are, for all practical purposes, strangers.”

    . . .

    “President Biden and Vice President Harris either truly believe that the government of Mauritius has the ability and the courage to stand up to China to ensure the security of Diego Garcia, or they withheld their objections to avoid being criticized by woke United Nations activists if they stood up for the American people’s best interests.”

    . . .

    “The American people deserve to know why President Biden and Vice President Harris allowed this irreversible deal to move forward. Congress must hold the Biden-Harris administration accountable for this short-sighted and dangerous decision. 

    “So, I repeat: Why? Why put American interests at risk? Why help the Chinese Communist Party?”

    Read Kennedy’s full op-ed here.  

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Readout of 35th U.S.-Egypt Military Cooperation Committee

    Source: United States Department of Defense

    Pentagon Spokesperson Tom Crosson provided the following readout:

    The United States and Egypt held the 35th annual U.S.-Egypt Military Cooperation Committee (MCC) in Washington, D.C. on Oct. 23-24, 2024.  Deputy Assistant Secretary of Defense (DASD) for the Middle East Daniel B. Shapiro, and Egypt Assistant Minister of Defense for Foreign Relations Major General Walaa Bibers, co-chaired the event for the United States and Egypt, respectively.

    Building on last year’s strategic forum in Cairo, the MCC reinforced the strong U.S.-Egypt defense partnership through discussions on enhancing security cooperation, shared regional concerns, and building on critical security assistance programs. The delegations exchanged perspectives on regional security challenges, including the conflicts in Gaza, Lebanon, and Sudan, Houthi threats to the free flow of global commerce in the Red Sea, and the destabilizing activities by Iran and Iran-backed terrorist groups. Both sides agreed on the importance of enhancing regional security integration and deepening U.S.-Egyptian military cooperation.

    DASD Shapiro expressed appreciation for Egypt’s ongoing efforts to facilitate Gaza hostage release and ceasefire talks, as well as Egypt’s role in deescalating regional tensions. He reiterated that the United States seeks a diplomatic resolution along the Israel-Lebanon border that would allow civilians on both sides to return safely to their homes, the release of all hostages held by Hamas, and increased delivery of humanitarian assistance to those in need. DASD Shapiro and Major General Bibers reaffirmed the enduring U.S. and Egyptian commitment to the bilateral strategic relationship and preserving regional stability. 

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Congressional Taiwan Caucus Co-Chairs Express Concern Over South Africa’s Request to Relocate Taiwan’s Liaison Office

    Source: United States House of Representatives – Representative Ami Bera (D-CA)

    Today, U.S. Representatives Ami Bera, M.D. (D-CA), Andy Barr (R-KY), Gerald E. Connolly (D-VA), and Mario Díaz-Balart (R-FL), Co-Chairs of the Congressional Taiwan Caucus, issued a statement expressing concern over South Africa’s request to relocate Taiwan’s liaison office: 

    “South Africa’s demand that Taiwan relocate its liaison office from Pretoria raises serious concerns about the extent of the PRC’s influence in South Africa’s affairs. We urge the South African government to reconsider this decision and reconfirm its commitment to its democratic partner Taiwan.”

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI Economics: Southern Africa joins advancing effort to build a united continental front against malnutrition

    Source: African Development Bank Group

    Representatives of the African Development Bank, the African Leaders for Nutrition (ALN) initiative, the African Union Commission (AUC), and the government of Botswana came together in Gaborone, Botswana to develop a unified approach to addressing malnutrition in Southern Africa.  

    The event, held on September 10 and 11, 2024, also drew nutrition experts from 15 countries in the region to support the development of Africa’s first-ever Multisectoral Nutrition Policy Framework (MNPF). Participants also discussed high-impact interventions, the establishment of sustainable funding mechanisms for nutrition programs, and financing targets. The consultation outcomes are expected to guide policy formulation and promote increased investments in nutrition across the region.

    The call for the development of a multisectoral policy framework and an investment target to ensure adequate funding for nutrition initiatives emerged from the 41st Ordinary Session of the African Union’s Executive Council, which was held in July 2022 in Lusaka, Zambia.

    The economic and social impacts of malnutrition took center stage in the discussions. One-third of African children under five suffer from stunting, even as obesity is an increasing challenge, with rates reaching 55 percent in some countries.

    In her remarks, Dr. Mareko Ramotsababa, Secretary for Primary Health Care in Botswana, observed: “The region is still lagging behind in achieving the goals set for the Africa Agenda 2063, particularly in ending hunger, achieving food security, and improving nutrition. Although there’s been some improvement in malnutrition rates in the SADC region recently, child undernutrition remains a significant concern. Most member states have stunting rates surpassing 25 percent and wasting rates exceeding 5 percent. This calls for immediate and concerted action.”

    Prof. Julio Rakotonirina, African Union Commission Director for Health and Humanitarian Affairs in the Department of Health, Humanitarian Affairs and Social Development, said: “These statistics must worry us because they stand in the way of achieving our aspiration for Agenda 2063, the Africa We Want. It is clear from these statistics that investing in the nutrition of our people to create a healthy and productive society is an economic imperative and should sit at the very center of Africa’s transformation agenda. Investing in better nutrition also makes financial sense. For a typical African country, every dollar invested in reducing chronic undernutrition in children yields a return of $16.”

    Mr. George Ouma, African Development Bank Coordinator of African Leaders for Nutrition, reflected on the event’s significance in the context of the Bank’s 60th anniversary, which took place on 9-10 September. “This regional consultation exemplifies the African Development Bank’s enduring commitment to advancing multisectoral nutrition strategies. As we celebrate 60 years of the Bank’s impact, we’re reminded that the mandate from the 41st Ordinary Session in Lusaka in 2022 anchors our gathering,” he said. “The urgency of a unified, multisectoral approach to combating malnutrition aligns perfectly with the Bank’s six-decade journey of fostering collaborative, cross-sector development initiatives.”

    The regional consultation for Southern Africa follows one for the West Africa region held in Dakar, Senegal, in August 2024. Under the continental MNPF, regional consultations will take place in all five regions of Africa, culminating in the development of a unified policy and investment target for the entire continent.

    The consultations will also help mobilize support for African countries ahead of the Nutrition for Growth Summit scheduled to be held in France in 2025. That Summit, a global event held every four years in the Olympic host country, brings governments and other key stakeholders together to accelerate progress toward ending malnutrition by 2030.

    About ALN

    The African Leaders for Nutrition (ALN) Initiative, spearheaded by the African Development Bank and championed by African leaders, works to galvanise political will and significant investments to end nutrition. Since it was officially endorsed on January 31, 2018, by the AU Assembly of Heads of State and Governments, ALN has secured critical commitments from governments across Africa, leading to impactful policy changes and cross-sector collaborations. 

    MIL OSI Economics

  • MIL-OSI Economics: Meeting the moment: Microsoft’s 2024 Impact Summary

    Source: Microsoft

    Headline: Meeting the moment: Microsoft’s 2024 Impact Summary

    In the past year, we’ve witnessed remarkable examples of how AI can be applied to address some of the world’s most difficult problems—problems that until recently, we accepted as unsolvable either because the scale was too enormous (monitoring the health of the Amazon rainforest) or because getting powerful technology into the hands of everyday people was too expensive (diagnostic tools to detect disease in remote areas).

    But it turns out that when you enable teams of scientists and engineers to develop creative AI-driven solutions designed and implemented with the input of local communities, governments, private companies, and NGOs, the results are astonishingly effective and efficient.

    At Microsoft, we know that AI is going to be the driving, transformative force in the effort to bring education, healthcare, and opportunity to everyone, everywhere. But to realize our mission of empowering every person and every organization on the planet to achieve more in this AI era, we need to bring AI and the infrastructure that supports it to the areas of the world that were left behind in prior industrial revolutions.

    That’s why, in addition to making AI investments in the past year in places like Australia, the UK, Germany, France, and the United States, we also went to Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Kenya, Mexico, and Brazil. We aren’t doing this alone; we are partnering with governments, private companies, and NGOs to build infrastructure that will result in carbon-negative, water positive data centers as well as skilling courses to create meaningful employment.

    None of this works without trust. Our business runs on trust, and it’s earned through an overriding commitment to security built into our products, openness to regulation, and transparency. This report details how we’re living up to our exacting standards in expanding opportunity, building trust, protecting fundamental rights, and advancing sustainability. There’s much more to do, but with AI and the collaborative power of billions of people worldwide, we will continue to tackle tough problems and solve them together.

    MIL OSI Economics

  • MIL-Evening Report: RSF tackles Taiwan’s media freedom ‘Achilles heel’, boosts Asia Pacific monitoring action

    SPECIAL REPORT: By David Robie in Taipei

    It was a heady week for the Paris-based global media freedom watchdog Reporters Without Borders (RSF) — celebration of seven years of its Taipei office, presenting a raft of proposals to the Taiwan government, and hosting its Asia-Pacific network of correspondents.

    Director general Thibaut Bruttin and the Taipei bureau chief Cedric Alviani primed the Taipei media scene before last week’s RSF initiatives with an op-ed in the Taiwan Times by acknowledging the country’s media freedom advances in the face of Chinese propaganda.

    Taiwan rose eight places to 27th in the RSF World Press Freedom Index this year — second only to Timor-Leste in the Asia-Pacific region.

    But the co-authors also warned over the credibility damage caused by media “too often neglect[ing] journalistic ethics for political or commercial reasons”.

    As a result, only three in 10 Taiwanese said they trusted the news media, according to a Reuters Institute survey conducted in 2022, one of the lowest percentages among democracies.

    “This climate of distrust gives disproportionate influence to platforms, in particular Facebook and Line, despite them being a major vector of false or biased information,” Bruttin and Alviani wrote.

    “This credibility deficit for traditional media, a real Achilles heel of Taiwanese democracy, puts it at risk of being exploited for malicious purposes, with potentially dramatic consequences.”

    Press freedom programme
    At a meeting with Taiwanese President Lai Ching-te and senior foreign affairs officials, Bruttin and his colleagues presented RSF’s innovative programme for improving press freedom, including the Journalism Trust Initiative (JTI), the first ISO-certified media quality standard; the Paris Charter on Artificial Intelligence and Journalism; and the Propaganda Monitor, a project aimed at combating propaganda and disinformation worldwide.

    RSF director-general Thibaut Bruttin speaking at the reception celebrating seven years of Taipei’s Asia Pacific office. Image: Pacific Media Watch

    The week also highlighted concerns over the export of the China’s “New World Media Order”, which is making inroads in some parts of the Asia-Pacific region, including the Pacific.

    At the opening session of the Asia-Pacific correspondents’ seminar, delegates referenced the Chinese disinformation and assaults on media freedom strategies that have been characterised as the “great leap backwards for journalism” in China.

    “Disinformation — the deliberate spreading of false or biased news to manipulate minds — is gaining ground around the world,” Bruttin and Alviani warned in their article.

    “As China and Russia sink into authoritarianism and export their methods of censorship and media control, democracies find themselves overwhelmed by an incessant flow of propaganda that threatens the integrity of their institutions.”

    Both Bruttin and Alviani spoke of these issues too at the celebration of the seventh anniversary of the Asia-Pacific office in Taipei.

    Why Taipei? Hongkong had been an “likely choice, but not safe legally”, admitted Bruttin when they were choosing their location, so the RSF team are happy with the choice of Taiwan.

    Hub for human rights activists
    “I think we were among the first NGOs to have established a presence here. We kind of made a bet that Taipei would be a hub for human rights activists, and we were right.”

    About 200 journalists, media workers and press freedom and human rights advocates attended the birthday bash in the iconic Grand Hotel’s Yuanshan Club. So it wasn’t surprising that there was a lot of media coverage raising the issues.

    RSF director-general Thibaut Bruttin (centre) with correspondents Dr David Robie and Dr Joseph Fernandez in Taipei. Image: Pacific Media Watch

    In an interview with Voice of America’s Joyce Huang, Bruttin was more specific about the “insane” political propaganda threats from China faced by Taiwan.

    However, Taiwan “has demonstrated resilience and has rich experience in resisting cyber information attacks, which can be used as a reference for the world”.

    Referencing China as the world’s “biggest jailer of journalists”, Bruttin said: “We’re very worried, obviously.” He added about some specific cases: “We’ve had very troublesome reports about the situation of Zhang Zhan, for example, who was the laureate of the RSF’s [2021 press freedom] awards [in the courage category] and had been just released from jail, now is sent back to jail.

    “We know the lack of treatment if you have a medical condition in the Chinese prisons.

    “Another example is Jimmy Lai, the Hongkong press freedom mogul, he’s very likely to die in jail if nothing happens. He’s over 70.

    “And there is very little reason to believe that, despite his dual citizenship, the British government will be able to get him a safe passage to Europe.”

    Problem for Chinese public
    Bruttin also expressed concern about the problem for the general public, especially in China where he said a lot of people had been deprived of the right to information “worthy of that name”.

    “And we’re talking about hundreds of millions of people. And it’s totally scandalous to see how bad information is treated in the People’s Republic of China.”

    Seventeen countries in the Asia-Pacific region were represented in the network seminar.

    Representatives of Australia, Cambodia, Hongkog, Indonesia, Japan, Myanmar, Mongolia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, South Korea, Tibet, Thailand and Vietnam were present. However, three correspondents (Malaysia, Singapore and Timor-Leste) were unable to be personally present.

    Discussion and workshop topics included the RSF Global Strategy; the Asia-Pacific network and the challenges being faced; best practice as correspondents; “innovative solutions” against disinformation; public advocacy (for authoritarian regimes; emerging democracies, and “leading” democracies); “psychological support” – one of the best sessions; and the RSF Crisis Response.

    RSF Oceania colleagues Dr David Robie (left) and Dr Joseph Fernandez . . . mounting challenges. Image: Pacific Media Watch

    What about Oceania (including Australia and New Zealand) and its issues? Fortunately, the countries being represented have correspondents who can speak our publicly, unlike some in the region facing authoritarian responses.

    Australia
    Australian correspondent Dr Joseph M Fernandez, visiting associate professor at Curtin University and author of the book Journalists and Confidential Sources: Colliding Public Interests in the Age of the Leak, notes that Australia sits at 39th in the RSF World Press Freedom Index — a drop of 12 places from the previous year.

    “While this puts Australia in the top one quarter globally, it does not reflect well on a country that supposedly espouses democratic values. It ranks behind New Zealand, Taiwan, Timor-Leste and Bhutan,” he says.

    “Australia’s press freedom challenges are manifold and include deep-seated factors, including the influence of oligarchs whose own interests often collide with that of citizens.

    “While in opposition the current Australian federal government promised reforms that would have improved the conditions for press freedom, but it has failed to deliver while in government.

    “Much needs to be done in clawing back the over-reach of national security laws, and in freeing up information flow, for example, through improved whistleblower law, FOI law, source protection law, and defamation law.”

    Dr Fernandez criticises the government’s continuing culture of secrecy and says there has been little progress towards improving transparency and accountability.

    “The media’s attacks upon itself are not helping either given the constant moves by some media and their backers to undermine the efforts of some journalists and some media organisations, directly or indirectly.”

    A proposal for a “journalist register” has also stirred controversy.

    Dr Fernandez also says the war on Gaza has “highlighted the near paralysis” of many governments of the so-called established democracies in “bringing the full weight of their influence to end the loss of lives and human suffering”.

    “They have also failed to demonstrate strong support for journalists’ ability to tell important stories.”


    An English-language version of this tribute to the late RSF director-general Christophe Deloire, who died from cancer on 8 June 2024, was screened at the RSF Taipei reception. He was 53. Video: RSF

    Aotearoa New Zealand
    In New Zealand (19th in the RSF Index), although journalists work in an environment free from violence and intimidation, they have increasingly faced online harassment. Working conditions became tougher in early 2022 when, during protests against covid-19 vaccinations and restrictions and a month-long “siege” of Parliament, journalists were subjected to violence, insults and death threats, which are otherwise extremely rare in the country.

    Research published in December 2023 revealed that high rates of abuse and threats directed at journalists put the country at risk of “mob censorship” – citizen vigilantism seeking to “discipline” journalism. Women journalists bore the brunt of the online abuse with one respondent describing her inbox as a “festering heap of toxicity”.

    While New Zealand society is wholeheartedly multicultural, with mutual recognition between the Māori and European populations enshrined in the 1840 Treaty of Waitangi, this balance is under threat from a draft Treaty Principles Bill.

    The nation’s bicultural dimension is not entirely reflected in the media, still dominated by the English-language press. A rebalancing is taking place, as seen in the success of the Māori Television network and many Māori-language programmes in mass media, such as Te Karere, The Hui and Te Ao Māori News.

    Media plurality and democracy is under growing threat with massive media industry cuts this year.

    New Zealand media also play an important role as a regional communications centre for other South Pacific nations, via Tagata Pasifika, Pacific Media Network and others.

    Papua New Guinea’s Belinda Kora (left) with RSF colleagues . . . “collaborating in our Pacific efforts in seeking the truth”. Image: Belinda Kora

    Papua New Guinea
    The Papua New Guinea correspondent, Belinda Kora, who is secretary of the revised PNG Media Council and an ABC correspondent in Port Moresby, succeeded former South Pacific Post Ltd chief executive Bob Howarth, the indefatigable media freedom defender of both PNG and Timor-Leste.

    Currently PNG (91st in the RSF Index) is locked in a debate over a controversial draft government media policy – now in its fifth version – that critics regard as a potential tool to crack down on media freedom. But Kora is optimistic about RSF’s role.

    “I am excited about what RSF is able and willing to bring to a young Pacific region — full of challenges against the press,” she says.

    “But more importantly, I guess, is that the biggest threat in PNG would be itself, if it continues to go down the path of not being able to adhere to simple media ethics and guidelines.

    “It must hold itself accountable before it is able to hold others in the same way.

    “We have a small number of media houses in PNG but if we are able to stand together as one and speak with one voice against the threats of ownership and influence, we can achieve better things in future for this industry.

    “We need to protect our reporters if they are to speak for themselves and their experiences as well. We need to better provide for their everyday needs before we can write the stories that need to be told.

    “And this lies with each media house.

    The biggest threat for the Pacific as a whole? “I guess the most obvious one would be being able to remain self-regulated BUT not being accountable for breaching our individual code of ethics.

    “Building public trust remains vital if we are to move forward. The lack of media awareness also contributes to the lack of ensuring media is given the attention it deserves in performing its role — no matter how big or small our islands are,” Kora says.

    “The press should remain free from government influence, which is a huge challenge for many island industries, despite state ownership.

    Kora believes that although Pacific countries are “scattered in the region”, they are able to help each other more, to better enhance capacity building and learning from their mistakes with collaboration.

    “By collaborating in our efforts in seeking the truth behind many of our big stories that is affecting our people. This I believe will enable us to improve our performance and accountability.”

    Example to the region
    Meanwhile, back in Taiwan on the day that RSF’s Thibaut Bruttin flew out, he gave a final breakfast interview to China News Agency (CNA) reporter Teng Pei-ju who wrote about the country building up its free press model as an example to the region.

    “Taiwan really is one of the test cases for the robustness of journalism in the world,” added Bruttin, reflecting on the country’s transformation from an authoritarian regime that censored information into a vibrant democracy that fights disinformation.

    Dr David Robie, convenor of the Asia Pacific Media Network’s Pacific Media Watch project and author of several media and politics books, including Don’t Spoil My Beautiful Face: Media, Mayhem and Human Rights in the Pacific, has been an RSF correspondent since 1996.

    RSF Asia Pacific correspondents and staff pictured at the Grand Hotel’s Yuanshan Club. Image: RSF

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-OSI Global: Russia’s Brics summit shows determination for a new world order – but internal rifts will buy the west some time

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Stefan Wolff, Professor of International Security, University of Birmingham

    The recent Brics summit in the Russian city of Kazan was less notable for what happened at the meeting than for what happened before, on the margins, or not at all. Among the notable things that did not happen was another expansion of the organisation.

    Since the addition of Egypt, Ethiopia, Iran and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) at the 2023 Brics summit in Johannesburg, which almost doubled the number of member countries from the original five (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa), further enlargement has stalled.

    Argentina, which was also invited in 2023, declined to join. Saudi Arabia, another 2023 invitee, has not acted on the offer to become a member either. Its de-facto ruler, crown prince Mohammad bin Salman, was among the notable absentees in Kazan.

    And Kazakhstan, Russia’s largest neighbour in Central Asia, decided not to join shortly before the summit. This drew Russia’s ire, resulting in a prompt ban on imports of a range of agricultural products from Kazakhstan in retaliation.

    While invitees have declined the opportunity to join Brics, a long list of applicants have not been offered membership. According to a statement by Russia’s president, Vladimir Putin, at a meeting of senior Brics security officials in September, 34 countries have expressed an interest in closer relations with Brics in some form.

    This appears to be a substantial increase in interest in Brics membership compared to a year ago, when South Africa’s foreign minister, Naledi Pandor, listed 23 applicants ahead of the 2023 summit.

    But the fact that, since then, only six invitations have been extended – and four accepted – indicates that formal enlargement of the organisation, at least for now, has been stymied by the inability of current members to forge consensus over the next round of expansion and the reluctance on the part of some invitees to be associated with the organisation.

    Meetings on the margins

    The summit declaration may offer little of substance. But there were a number of bilateral meetings before and in the margins of the gathering that are more indicative of the direction of Brics. Perhaps most importantly, India’s prime minister, Narendra Modi, and China’s president, Xi Jinping, held their first face-to-face discussion in five years.

    This is a remarkable change from just a few months ago, when tensions between New Delhi and Beijing were intense enough for Modi to cancel his participation in the summit of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation in Astana, Kazakhstan. Yet, with a deal now reached over their countries’ longstanding border dispute, the two most populous and, in terms of GDP, economically most powerful members of Brics have an opportunity to rebuild their fraught relations.

    A warming of relations between China and India could generate more momentum for Brics to deliver on its ambitious agenda to develop, and ultimately implement, a vision for a new global order. Implicit in this would be a shift of leadership in Brics from China and Russia to China and India, and with it, potentially a change from an anti-western to a non-western agenda.

    This is, of course, something that exercises Putin. He acknowledged as much when he referred to the global south and global east in his remarks at the summit’s opening meeting. He also emphasised that it was important “to maintain balance and ensure that the effectiveness of Brics mechanisms is not diminished”.

    In his own bilateral meetings before and during the summit, Putin drove home the point that, despite western efforts, Russia was far from isolated on the world stage. One-to-one meetings with Xi, Modi, South Africa’s president, Cyril Ramaphosa, and the president of the UAE, Mohammed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, gave Putin the chance to push his own vision of Brics as a counterpoint to the US-led west.

    This may be a view shared in the global east – Russia, China and Iran, as well as non-Brics members North Korea, Cuba and Venezuela. But many in the global south – particularly India and Brazil – are unlikely to go all in with this agenda. They will focus on benefiting from their Brics membership as much as possible while maintaining close ties with the west.

    Lacking a coherent agenda

    India is the most significant player in Brics when it comes to balancing between east and west. Nato member Turkey is the equivalent on the outside. The country’s president, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, travelled to Kazan and did not shy away from an hour-long meeting with his “dear friend” Putin.

    The relationship between Moscow and Ankara is fractious and complex across a wide range of crises from the South Caucasus, to Syria, Libya and Sudan. Yet, on perhaps the most divisive issue of all, Russian aggression towards Ukraine, Turkey has consistently maintained opened channels of communication with Russia and remains the only Nato power able to do so.




    Read more:
    Turkey attempts to broker power between east and west as it bids to join Brics


    The fact that there has been relatively little public pressure from official sources in the west on Erdoğan to stop is probably a reflection that such communication channels are still valued in the west. This, and Nato’s continued cooperation with India, point to a hedging strategy by the west. India cooperates with the US, Australia and Japan – the so-called Quad group of nations – on security in the Indo-Pacific, and it has maintained political dialogue with Nato since 2019.

    Turkey and India may not see eye-to-eye with the west on all issues. But neither do they with the global east camp inside Brics, and especially not with Russia. If nothing else, this limits the ability of Brics to forge a coherent agenda, deepen integration and ultimately mount a credible challenge to the existing order.

    Relying on India and Turkey to do the west’s bidding in undermining Brics, however, is not a credible long-term strategy. Brics may have achieved little as an organisation, but the Kazan summit declaration indicates that its key players continue to harbour aspirations for more.

    However, as the flailing expansion drive of the organisation indicates, there is also an internal battle in Brics over its future direction. This, in turn, creates space and time for the west to exercise more positive and constructive influence in the ongoing process of reshaping the international order.

    The global east may be beyond redemption, but there is still a massive opportunity to reengage with the global south.

    Stefan Wolff is a past recipient of grant funding from the Natural Environment Research Council of the UK, the United States Institute of Peace, the Economic and Social Research Council of the UK, the British Academy, the NATO Science for Peace Programme, the EU Framework Programmes 6 and 7 and Horizon 2020, as well as the EU’s Jean Monnet Programme. He is a Trustee and Honorary Treasurer of the Political Studies Association of the UK and a Senior Research Fellow at the Foreign Policy Centre in London.

    ref. Russia’s Brics summit shows determination for a new world order – but internal rifts will buy the west some time – https://theconversation.com/russias-brics-summit-shows-determination-for-a-new-world-order-but-internal-rifts-will-buy-the-west-some-time-241610

    MIL OSI – Global Reports

  • MIL-OSI USA: Historic Deployment: First time in 70 years, the Wyoming Army Guard 2-300th Field Artillery Regiment deploys together

    Source: US State of Wyoming

    The Wyoming National Guard held send-off ceremonies for different batteries of the 2nd Battalion, 300th Field Artillery Regiment in Torrington, Gillette, Lander and Casper on July 30, 2024, supporting the Soldiers and their families as they embark on their eighth deployment in the past 20 years.

    The send-off ceremony formally recognizes the Soldiers and their families who are about to deploy. It also demonstrates that they have the full support of their community, leadership and loved ones, according to Lt. Col. Michael Kingman, 2-300th commander. This is the first full battalion deployment in over 70 years to conduct a field artillery mission.

    “This deployment marks the eighth time since September 11, 2001, that this formation has answered the nation’s call,” Kingman said. “Most of those deployments involved only portions of the battalion. This mission marks the first time the battalion has deployed as an integrated whole on a field artillery mission since the Korean War.”

    More than 360 Soldiers will deploy to several Middle Eastern countries to support Operations Spartan Shield and Inherent Resolve.

    The ceremony started with the arrival of the official party.

    Wyoming Governor Mark Gordon presided over the ceremonies, joined by Maj. Gen. Greg Porter, Wyoming adjutant general, Chief Master Sgt. Josh Moore, command senior enlisted leader for the Wyoming Guard, Lt. Col. Michael Kingman, 2-300th commander, Command Sgt. Maj. Spencer Jolly, 2-300th command sergeant major, along with other battery and company leadership.

    In the next part of the ceremony, Governor Gordon, General Porter, and Lieutenant Colonel Kingman shared their commitment to support and gratitude.

    Since taking office in 2019, the governor has made it a point to personally send off each service member and their families during deployments. He shared his thoughts with the Soldiers.

    “You are Wyoming proud, Wyoming strong, Wyoming proficient and Wyoming professional,” the governor said. “Thank you. All of us at home, your families, and all of us will know you are protecting us. We thank you from the depths of our hearts, from the bottom of our souls.”

    Governor Gordon also expressed his commitment to the families.

    “We feel that as much service as our men and women on the front lines give, it is also their families that stand watch,” he said. “We will stand 100 percent with the families as well. Thank you to every family member for your service.”

    General Porter spoke about the 2-300th’s rich history of serving the nation.

    “For over 136 years, Wyoming citizen Soldiers have raised their right hands and said, ‘I will do the nation’s bidding. I will wear the cloth of my country and go forth to do what needs to be done,’” the general said. “That is an incredible sacrifice, and I deeply appreciate all of you here in the community who are here to congratulate and recognize that sacrifice.”

    General Porter also highlighted the role of Soldiers as community members.

    “They are also mothers and fathers, sisters and brothers, friends, family members, coaches, ministers and teachers. Our guardsmen and women are an indelible part of the community, and when they leave, they leave a gap,” Porter said. “We will fill this gap for you. We will ensure your community is safe while you deploy, and more importantly, we will ensure your families are taken care of.”

    Lieutenant Colonel Kingman also thanked the families for their sacrifices and encouraged families to reach out if they need assistance.

    “It’s been said, and I believe it to be true, that they have the tougher task, staying behind,” he said. “For the Soldier who goes forward, time often flies. We will be mission-focused here very soon, and these 60 days will go by quickly because we will be busy. But for all the friends and family at home facing the daily grind, they will be going through that without the needed support from their loved ones at their side. I encourage you all to not suffer in silence. If you need someone to talk to, need encouragement, need a hot water heater fixed, or if a door won’t close properly—whatever it is—reach out. We have someone who is not only willing but eager to assist in solving whatever problem comes up.”

    The following segments are long-standing traditions of presenting an “Entering Wyoming” highway sign, the Wyoming flag and casing the 2-300th colors.

    An “Entering Wyoming” highway sign was presented to each battery. The sign will be displayed at each headquarters. Similar signs have been given to every Wyoming Army National Guard unit that has deployed since the Korean War.

    “For the Wyoming National Guard, this sign serves as a visual reminder to all who enter the area that they are in Cowboy Guard territory,” said 1st Lt. Chad Onthank, 920th Forward Support Command executive officer.

    Next, the governor presented the Wyoming flag to the 2-300th to remind each Soldier that those Wyomingites at home are with you every step of the way.

    Finally, Kingman and Jolly cased the battalion colors to show the unit has a mission forward and will deploy.

    For the deployment, Kingman issued a challenge to his Soldiers.

    “I am committed to ensuring that you have the best possible leadership and training every step of the way,” he said. “I am confident that if you work hard, are a good teammate, and keep a positive attitude, we can all come out of this experience as better friends, spouses, parents, Soldiers and human beings.”

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI: VAALCO Announces Timing of Third Quarter 2024 Earnings Release and Conference Call

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    HOUSTON, Oct. 24, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — VAALCO Energy, Inc. (NYSE: EGY; LSE: EGY) (“Vaalco” or the “Company”) today announced the timing of its third quarter 2024 earnings release and conference call.

    The Company will issue its third quarter 2024 earnings release on Monday, November 11, 2024 after the close of trading on the New York Stock Exchange and host a conference call to discuss its financial and operational results on Tuesday morning, November 12, 2024 at 9:00 a.m. Central Time (10:00 a.m. Eastern Time and 3:00 p.m. London Time.)

    Interested parties in the United States may participate toll-free by dialing (833) 685-0907. Interested parties in the United Kingdom may participate toll-free by dialing 08082389064. Other international parties may dial (412) 317-5741. Participants should ask to be joined to the “Vaalco Energy Third Quarter 2024 Conference Call.” This call will also be webcast on Vaalco’s website at www.vaalco.com. An audio replay will be available on the Company’s website following the call.

    About Vaalco

    Vaalco, founded in 1985 and incorporated under the laws of Delaware, is a Houston, Texas, USA based, independent energy company with a diverse portfolio of production, development and exploration assets across Gabon, Egypt, Cote d’Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea and Canada.

    For Further Information

    Vaalco Energy, Inc. (General and Investor Enquiries) +00 1 713 543 3422
    Website: www.vaalco.com
       
    Al Petrie Advisors (US Investor Relations) +00 1 713 543 3422
    Al Petrie / Chris Delange  
       
    Buchanan (UK Financial PR) +44 (0) 207 466 5000
    Ben Romney / Barry Archer VAALCO@buchanan.uk.com

    This press release was published by a CLEAR® Verified individual.

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI USA: Senator Murray Establishes & Funds Scientific Consortium in Washington State, Expanding NASA Footprint in PNW

    US Senate News:

    Source: United States Senator for Washington State Patty Murray

    Murray wrote and passed the funding bill that provided the resources for this award and directly authored the provision to establish the BioS-ENDURES Consortium

    Seattle, WA – Today, U.S. Senator Patty Murray (D-WA), Chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, announced a $2.5 million NASA award to establish a scientific consortium based at the University of Washington in partnership with Washington State University and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The award was funded through a provision in the Fiscal Year 2024 government spending bill authored by Senator Murray to establish a consortium within the Biological and Physical Sciences—and resulted in the establishment of the Biology in Space: Establishing Networks for DUrable & REsilient Systems (BioS-ENDURES) Consortium. The BioS-ENDURESConsortium will focus on innovation, acceleration, and implementation of space biology specific knowledge and technology centered on human-plant-microbiome relationships to enable a durable human presence in low Earth orbit and beyond.  

    “As Chair of the Senate Appropriations Committee, I am writing our funding bills to invest in Washington state’s growing innovation economy,” said Senator Murray. “By establishing this scientific consortium here in Washington state, we are laying the groundwork to bring even more private and federal investment to our state’s growing aerospace industry. If we want to maintain our competitive edge, we have to stay at the forefront of scientific discovery—and this federal research partnership will help us do that. Investing in scientific discovery is an investment that pays off—this is a next chapter in a story of inquiry, invention, innovation, exploration, and discovery of new frontiers.”

    “The University of Washington is excited to have this opportunity to contribute to the development of new capabilities that will enable a sustainable human presence in space,” said Mari Ostendorf, Vice Provost of Research, University of Washington. “This consortium enables new partnerships and brings together investigators who have a long history with NASA and space applications with researchers who have deep expertise in human/animal, plant, and microbial biology. This research will push the boundaries of our scientific understanding to reveal new biological mechanisms that will address both sustainability and risk mitigation needs in space. We look forward working with WSU, PNNL, and NASA, as well as with other industry and science partners to accelerate space technology.”

    “This represents an exciting opportunity for the state of Washington to continue building our capacity for critical research to understand and improve human-plant-microbial systems for space habitation,” said Dr. Michael Wolcott, Interim Vice President of Research at Washington State University. “This work will have a direct contribution to humankind’s ability to travel—and live—in space. WSU is thrilled to be part of this collaborative effort with our colleagues at the University of Washington and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory and looks forward to continuing this work with NASA.”

    “Pacific Northwest National Laboratory is thrilled to join forces with the University of Washington and Washington State University in the BioS-ENDURES consortium,” said Malin Young, Associate Laboratory Director, Earth and Biological Sciences. “Together, we’re harnessing our cutting-edge life science capabilities to help NASA achieve its mission of establishing a sustainable and lasting human presence in low Earth orbit, on the Moon, on Mars, and beyond.”

    A more thorough understanding is needed of mechanisms underlying responses to space-relevant stressors (ionizing radiation, microgravity, circadian disruption, abiotics, and biotics) to both humans and plant food sources and what role microbiomes may play in shaping those responses.  Human/animal, plant, and microbial biologists will work together to ensure an integrated view of the space flight biosphere by enhancing data acquisition, modeling, and testing.

    Human/animal, plant, and microbial biologists will work together to ensure an integrated view of the space flight biosphere by enhancing data acquisition, modeling, and testing. BioS-ENDURES has three thrust areas focusing on the effects of spaceflight stressors: 

    • Develop monitoring capabilities to measure underlying molecular status (biomarkers) of humans, animal models, plants and their associated microbial communities.
    • Build models to predict human-plant-microbe robustness and interactions among organisms in space.
    • Validate and apply understanding of human and plant health, including promoting beneficial human-plant-microbe interactions, to enhance health in space.

    The BioS-ENDURES Consortium is built upon a collaboration between the University of Washington, Washington State University, the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, and science and industry advisory boards. Consortium members will partner closely with NASA to align work with current and projected needs. Funding from NASA will support proof-of-principle demonstration projects each year to advance the science of the three thrusts, annual symposia tracks (some full consortium, some with tighter focus), and costs of physical testing.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Man Who Murdered Fellow Soldier on Military Base in Germany Sentenced to Prison

    Source: US State of California

    A former U.S. soldier was sentenced today to 30 years in prison for the murder of a pregnant, 19-year-old fellow soldier on a U.S. Army base in Germany over 22 years ago.

    On May 7, a jury in Pensacola, Florida, found Shannon L. Wilkerson, 44, guilty of second-degree murder in the death of Amanda Gonzales.

    According to court documents, Wilkerson beat and strangled Amanda Gonzales to death on Nov. 3, 2001, in her barracks room at Fliegerhorst Kaserne, then a U.S. Army base in Hanau, Germany. Evidence introduced at trial indicated that Wilkerson feared he was the father of Gonzales’ unborn child and that her pregnancy would interfere with his military career and his marriage to another soldier on the base. Wilkerson was a member of the U.S. Armed Forces at the time of the offense but was later discharged.

    “Shannon Wilkerson brutally murdered Amanda Gonzales, a fellow soldier who Wilkerson knew was pregnant at the time,” said Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General Nicole M. Argentieri, head of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division. “While nothing we can do will reunite Amanda with her family, we hope today’s sentencing brings some measure of closure and comfort to Amanda’s loved ones. I am proud of the dedicated and hardworking members of the Criminal Division and our law enforcement partners, who are committed to pursuing justice for victims of violent crime, no matter how challenging that pursuit may be.”

    “The murder of Amanda Gonzales and her unborn child was a horrific act of violence,” said U.S. Attorney Jason R. Coody for the Northern District of Florida. “This decades-long investigation and resulting prosecution demonstrate the unwavering resolve of our law enforcement partners and their commitment to obtain justice for the victims and their family. The defendant took the life of a 19-year-old woman serving her country far from home — knowing that he was killing her unborn child. The sentence acknowledges the brutal, selfish nature of his crime and imposes just punishment.”

    “Justice for victims is not just a promise, it’s a commitment, no matter how long it takes,” said Assistant Director Chad Yarbrough of the FBI Criminal Investigative Division. “This sentencing comes just as Amanda Gonzales’ family will mark 23 years since she and her unborn child were brutally murdered by Shannon Wilkerson on Nov. 3, 2001. While no amount of prison time will bring the young Army solider back, we hope this will close another chapter in the Gonzales family’s grieving process.”

    The FBI New York and Jacksonville Field Offices investigated this case, with assistance from the Army Criminal Investigative Division, which originally investigated the case.

    Trial Attorney Patrick Jasperse of the Criminal Division’s Human Rights and Special Prosecutions Section and Assistant U.S. Attorney David L. Goldberg for the Northern District of Florida prosecuted the case.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI Security: Man Who Murdered Fellow Soldier on Military Base in Germany Sentenced to Prison

    Source: United States Attorneys General

    A former U.S. soldier was sentenced today to 30 years in prison for the murder of a pregnant, 19-year-old fellow soldier on a U.S. Army base in Germany over 22 years ago.

    On May 7, a jury in Pensacola, Florida, found Shannon L. Wilkerson, 44, guilty of second-degree murder in the death of Amanda Gonzales.

    According to court documents, Wilkerson beat and strangled Amanda Gonzales to death on Nov. 3, 2001, in her barracks room at Fliegerhorst Kaserne, then a U.S. Army base in Hanau, Germany. Evidence introduced at trial indicated that Wilkerson feared he was the father of Gonzales’ unborn child and that her pregnancy would interfere with his military career and his marriage to another soldier on the base. Wilkerson was a member of the U.S. Armed Forces at the time of the offense but was later discharged.

    “Shannon Wilkerson brutally murdered Amanda Gonzales, a fellow soldier who Wilkerson knew was pregnant at the time,” said Principal Deputy Assistant Attorney General Nicole M. Argentieri, head of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division. “While nothing we can do will reunite Amanda with her family, we hope today’s sentencing brings some measure of closure and comfort to Amanda’s loved ones. I am proud of the dedicated and hardworking members of the Criminal Division and our law enforcement partners, who are committed to pursuing justice for victims of violent crime, no matter how challenging that pursuit may be.”

    “The murder of Amanda Gonzales and her unborn child was a horrific act of violence,” said U.S. Attorney Jason R. Coody for the Northern District of Florida. “This decades-long investigation and resulting prosecution demonstrate the unwavering resolve of our law enforcement partners and their commitment to obtain justice for the victims and their family. The defendant took the life of a 19-year-old woman serving her country far from home — knowing that he was killing her unborn child. The sentence acknowledges the brutal, selfish nature of his crime and imposes just punishment.”

    “Justice for victims is not just a promise, it’s a commitment, no matter how long it takes,” said Assistant Director Chad Yarbrough of the FBI Criminal Investigative Division. “This sentencing comes just as Amanda Gonzales’ family will mark 23 years since she and her unborn child were brutally murdered by Shannon Wilkerson on Nov. 3, 2001. While no amount of prison time will bring the young Army solider back, we hope this will close another chapter in the Gonzales family’s grieving process.”

    The FBI New York and Jacksonville Field Offices investigated this case, with assistance from the Army Criminal Investigative Division, which originally investigated the case.

    Trial Attorney Patrick Jasperse of the Criminal Division’s Human Rights and Special Prosecutions Section and Assistant U.S. Attorney David L. Goldberg for the Northern District of Florida prosecuted the case.

    MIL Security OSI

  • MIL-OSI: PEL 83 Second Exploration Campaign Commencement of Operations – Spud of Mopane 1-A Well

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    TORONTO, Oct. 24, 2024 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Sintana Energy Inc. (TSX-V: SEI, OTCQB: SEUSF) (“Sintana” or the “Company”) is pleased to provide the following update regarding a second exploration and appraisal campaign on blocks 2813A and 2814B located in the heart of Namibia’s Orange Basin, emerging as one of the world’s most prospective oil and gas regions. The blocks are governed by Petroleum Exploration License 83 (“PEL 83”) which is operated by a subsidiary of Galp Energia (“Galp”) of Portugal. Sintana maintains an indirect 49% interest in Custos Energy (Pty) Ltd. (“Custos”), which in turn owns a 10% working interest owner in PEL 83. NAMCOR, the National Petroleum Company of Namibia, also maintains a 10% working interest.

    The drill ship Santorini has arrived on location and operations associated with the Mopane 1-A well have commenced. Specifically, the Mopane 1-A was spud 23:30 local time on October 23rd.

    This appraisal well is the first of an up to four well program potentially consisting of two exploration wells and two appraisal wells. This second campaign on PEL 83 is predicated on providing additional insights into the scope and quality of the Mopane complex.

    We refer to press releases from Galp (available at galp.com) and Custos (available at newsdirect.com) throughout Q1 and Q2 of 2024, noting that an inaugural two well exploration campaign that commenced in Q4 2023 resulted in multiple discoveries of significant columns of light oil in high-quality reservoir sands providing for an initial estimate of original oil in place (“OOIP”) of 10 billion barrels of oil equivalent. A drill stem test was also conducted resulting in an infrastructure constrained flow of 14,000 boe/d.

    Initial analysis suggests the reservoirs have good porosities, high pressures and high permeabilities in large hydrocarbon columns with very low oil viscosity, and no CO2 nor H2S. The flows achieved during the well test have reached the maximum allowed limits, positioning Mopane as, potentially, an important commercial discovery. 

    “We look forward to the continuing progress on PEL 83, further unveiling of the potential and quality of the Mopane complex. These efforts should provide additional insights into this world class opportunity and into our broader Orange Basin portfolio located at the heart of this emerging hydrocarbon province.” said Robert Bose, Chief Executive Officer of Sintana.

    ABOUT SINTANA ENERGY:

    The Company is engaged in petroleum and natural gas exploration and development activities on five large, highly prospective, onshore and offshore petroleum exploration licenses in Namibia, and in Colombia’s Magdalena Basin.

    On behalf of Sintana Energy Inc.,
    “A. Robert Bose”
    Chief Executive Officer

    For additional information or to sign-up to receive periodic updates about Sintana’s projects, and corporate activities, please visit the Company’s website at www.sintanaenergy.com

    Corporate Contacts:   Investor Relations Advisor:
    Robert Bose Sean J. Austin Jonathan Paterson
    Chief Executive Officer Vice-President Founder & Managing Partner
    212-201-4125 713-825-9591 Harbor Access
        475-477-9401
         

    Forward-Looking Statements

    Certain information in this release are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements consist of statements that are not purely historical, including statements regarding beliefs, plans, expectations or intensions for the future, and include, but not limited to, statements with respect to potential future farmout agreements on PEL 83 and/or PEL 87, and proposed future exploration and development activities on PEL 83 and/or PEL 90 and neighbouring properties, as well as the prospective nature of the Company’s property interests. Such statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may cause actual results, performance or developments to differ materially from those contained in the statements, including, but not limited to risks relating to the receipt of all applicable regulatory approvals, results of exploration and development activities, the ability to source joint venture partners and fund exploration, permitting and government approvals, and other risks identified in the Company’s public disclosure documents from time to time. Readers are cautioned that the assumptions used in the preparation of such information, although considered reasonable at the time of preparation, may prove to be imprecise and, as such, undue reliance should not be placed on forward-looking statements. The Company assumes no obligation to update such information, except as may be required by law.

    NEITHER THE TSX VENTURE EXCHANGE NOR ITS REGULATION SERVICES PROVIDER (AS THAT TERM IS DEFINED IN THE POLICIES OF THE TSX VENTURE EXCHANGE) ACCEPTS RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE ADEQUACY OR ACCURACY OF THIS RELEASE.

    A photo accompanying this announcement is available at: 
    https://www.globenewswire.com/NewsRoom/AttachmentNg/ca79be82-d8c9-4894-be4d-1acfbcc48be3

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI Economics: Transcript of Press Briefing: Middle East and Central Asia Department Regional Economic Outlook October 2024

    Source: International Monetary Fund

    October 24, 2024

    PARTICIPANTS:

    JIHAD AZOUR, Director of Middle East and Central Asia Department, International Monetary Fund

    ANGHAM AL SHAMI, Communications Officer, International Monetary Fund

    *  *  *  *  *

    MS. AL SHAMI: Good morning.  Good afternoon to those of you in the region.  Thank you for joining us to this press briefing on the Regional Economic Outlook for the Middle east and Central Asia.  I’m Angham Al Shami from the Communications Department here at the IMF.  If you’re joining us online, we do have Arabic and French interpretations on the IMF Regional Economic Outlook page and IMF Press Center.  So please join us there and we have interpretations also in the room.  I’m joined here today by Jihad Azour, the Director of the Middle East and Central Asia Department here at the IMF and he’s going to give us an overview of the outlook for the region.  Jihad over to you. 

    MR. AZOUR: Angham, thank you very much.  Good morning everyone and welcome to the 2024 Annual Meetings.  Before taking your questions, I will make few brief remarks to highlight three key messages regarding the economic outlook for the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), as well as the Caucasus and Central Asia (CCA).  First, regarding the outlook, growth is set to strengthen in the near term in both MENA and the CCA regions.  However, exposure to broader geoeconomic developments is adding to uncertainty.  Hence, our 2025 forecasts come with important caveats. 

              Let me start with the Middle East and North Africa.  This year has been challenging, with conflicts causing devastating human suffering and economic damage.  Oil production cuts are contributing to sluggish growth in many economies, too.  The recent escalation in Lebanon has increased uncertainty in the MENA region.  The second important issue is on growth.  For 2024, growth is projected at 2.1 percent, a downgrade revision of 0.6 percent from the April WEO forecast, and this is largely due to the impact of the conflict and the prolonged OPEC+ production cuts.  To the extent that these gradually abate, we anticipate stronger growth of 4 percent in 2025.  However, uncertainty about when these factors will ease is still very high. 

              MENA oil exporters are expected to see growth rise from 2.3 percent this year to 4 percent in 2025, contingent on the expiration of the voluntary oil production cuts.  Growth in oil importers is projected to recover from 1.5 percent in 2024 to 3.9 percent in 2025, assuming conflicts ease.  Let me now turn to the outlook for Caucasus and Central Asia.  The CCA regions continue to show robust growth, which was revised up to 4.3 percent in 2024, with growth of 4.5 percent expected for next year.  However, some economies are seeing tentative signs of slower trade and other inflows, especially on the remittance side.  Subdued oil production is weighing on the medium-term growth prospect for CCA oil exporters. And for oil importers, growth projects depend on the reform implementation.  The disinflation process is continuing and is continuing across both MENA and CCA region with headline inflation coming down significantly compared to the peak levels over the past two years.  However, inflation remains elevated in few cases due to country specific challenges. 

              My second point is on the medium-term growth prospects.  Medium-term growth prospects have faded over the past two decades and are now relatively weak in many economies.  Changing these dynamics requires steady reform implementation.  Priorities are for the MENA and CCA regions include governance improvement, job creation, especially for women and youth, investment promotion and financial development.  Achieving stronger and more resilient growth will not only foster job creation and greater inclusion, but will also help reduce elevated debt levels and enable progress toward the development of social spending goals. 

              My third point is on the uncertainty.  High uncertainty means that the economic outlook is fraught with risks.  The recent intensification of conflict in Lebanon has increased uncertainty and risks to a further level, and the risk of further escalation in the MENA region is the main issue here in terms of increase in risks.  This fluid situation is not yet factored in our analysis, and downside risks could be material depending on the extent of the escalation.  We are closely monitoring the situation and assessing the potential economic impacts.  Overall, the impact will depend on the severity of any potential escalation.  The conflict could impact the region through multiple channels.  Beyond the impact on output, other key channels of transmissions could include tourism, trade, potential refugee and migration flows, oil and gas market volatility, financial markets and social unrest. 

              Concern is also high about the possibility of prolonged conflict in Sudan, increased geoeconomic fragmentation, volatility in commodity prices, especially for the oil exporting countries, high debt and financing needs for emerging markets and recurrent climate shocks.  In the CCA, risks are primarily associated with potential financial instability resulting from sudden shift in trade and financial flows, and for both regions, failure to implement sufficient reform could constrain already muted prospects for medium term growth. 

              Before opening the floor to your questions, let me emphasize the Fund’s commitment to supporting economies across the region.  Our engagement remains strong in terms of financing and presence.  Since early 2020, the Fund has approved $47.7 billion in financing to countries across MENA and CCA and we have carried out capacity development projects for 31 countries only in the last fiscal years.  Thank you very much for being here today and I’m now happy to take your questions. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: So, we’ll now turn to your questions.  If you’re on Webex, please turn on your camera and raise your hand and we will call on you.  And if you’re in the room, please raise your hand.  So let’s start with maybe the middle right here, the gentleman. 

    QUESTIONER:  Hello and good morning, Jihad.    I wanted to bring you back to your comments about the risks of an escalation in the region.  Obviously, the human toll of this would be horrific, but in terms of the impact on the economies in the region, particularly Egypt, which is already suffering from an extreme loss of revenues from the Suez Canal, and then Lebanon, which you’ve had discussions with in the past, those really never went anywhere because of lack of commitment to do reforms.  What are the prospects of having to either redo some of the programs or create new ones if there’s an escalation?  Thank you. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Thank you, Dave.  Maybe we’ll take another question on the conflict.  Kyle, second row here. 

    QUESTIONER:  Hi, good morning.  Thank you for taking my question.  Earlier this morning, the Managing Director said the outlook for the MENA is significantly downgraded and she cited mostly the geopolitical conflict.  So could you walk us through, like, where exactly the economic impact has been felt since the April release? 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Maybe we’ll take those two questions, Jihad, on the conflict. 

    AZOUR: Thank you very much.  Well, first of all, the conflict is inflicting heavy human toll, and our hearts goes to all the victims and those who were, in their life and livelihoods were affected by the escalation of the conflict.  Of course, the impact of the conflict is to be differentiated between countries who are at the epicenter.  The group of countries who are severely affected by the conflict, Gaza, West Bank, the whole Palestinian economy has been severely affected.  Lebanon also.  And the Lebanese economy was severely affected, with more than 1.2 million people displaced, which represent almost 25 percent of the population, destruction of livelihoods in a broad region that is mainly agriculture, and the impact on some key sectors like tourism and trade.  Therefore, the severely affected countries are seeing a large drop in their economic activity, and they will face contraction in their economies in the context of high inflation. 

              The second group I would call the group of partially affected countries.  And here we have countries like Jordan, Syria and Egypt.  And you have mentioned Egypt.  The main channel of impact on Egypt is trade.  The reduction in trade volume going through the Suez Canal has affected revenues by more than 60 to 70 percent on average for the Suez Canal, which would represent between 4 and a half to , $5 billion of loss in revenues.  For Jordan, the impact is mainly on tourism, which is not the case for Egypt.  Those are the two main countries affected.  Syria of course, is affected, but we have very little information on that.  This second group of partially affected countries, authorities have already started to take actions to protect their economies against that.  And we have the indirectly affected countries.  And here we have to look at the channels of transmission.  Trade is one.  The other one is the impact on tourism.  The impact on oil and gas has been relatively muted so far, except high volatility in the short term.  We did not see a major impact on the oil and gas sector yet.  I think one has to recognize that it’s a highly uncertain moment and therefore things are changing constantly and we are ourselves updating regularly our assessment of the situation.  Our numbers, for example, for the outlook do not report the latest development in the last months or so and therefore we will be updating our numbers.  This high level of uncertainty is affecting countries with vulnerabilities.  And this is where the Fund is in fact acting in providing support to countries in order to help them go through these severe shocks. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Thank you, Jihad.  We’ll go for another round of questions.  Maybe we’ll go to the first gentleman in the first row, please. 

    QUESTIONER:  Many Arab countries have taken on significant debt to fund infrastructure and economic reforms.  What the strategies does the IMF recommend for managing the tracing debt levels, particularly for non-oil economies and taking into consideration what’s happening in the region with all the conflicts. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Thank you.  We have another question that we received that’s also on debt.  What are the projections of the Fund concerning the region’s debt levels amid the ongoing regional tensions? 

    MR. AZOUR: Thank you for your questions.  Well, of course the high level of debt has been one of the main issues that several economies in the region, especially the middle income and the emerging economies of the region are facing.  And here I would address the issue in three levels.  The level of debt that constitute a major macroeconomic stability issue.  And we recommend countries to address this by having an inclusive but sustained fiscal consolidations in order to reduce the risk level, in order to strengthen their capacity to raise revenues and reduce the overall macroeconomic risk.  And when the Fund is asked, the Fund is providing support to many countries on that front. 

              The second dimension is the financing dimension.  The overall financing need for this year are going to be around $286 billion, almost $6 billion higher for the whole region in terms of financing need.  Compared to last year, this include not only, I would say all importing middle income countries, but the whole region and therefore securing enough financing is another issue.  And the third one that is becoming a challenging issue that requires a combination of measures is the cost of debt service.  The cost of debt service because of the increase in interest rate has become one of the main, I would say, fiscal issue that countries are facing. 

              The last point, I would add, is the fact that recently we were witnessing a greater reliance on local markets when it comes to financing the local debt.  Therefore, the nexus between the governor, the government and the market and the local market has increased.  And this is why it’s important to have a clear medium term reform agenda in order to reduce the weight of the debt, to improve fiscal space, but also to provide more comfort to investors to broaden the finance space.

    MS. AL SHAMI: Thank you, Jihad.  We’ll turn now to the online questions, and we have Fatima Ibrahim.  Fatima, if you’re online, you can come in.  Okay.  Otherwise we’ll take some questions from the floor.  We’ll start maybe with the gentleman in the middle.  Yeah. 

    QUESTIONER:  Good morning, this is Adil from Daily Business Recorder, Pakistan.  Thank you for taking my question.  So the World Economic Outlook projects Pakistan’s growth rate at a higher rate compared to last year, 3.2 percent.  The modest growth of 2.4 percent last year was predominantly driven by the agriculture sector, which had its best performance in the last two decades, right.  The services sector also benefited from agriculture success while the manufacturing was negative.  The agriculture sector faces significant downside risks this time.  While manufacturing is also highly constrained by high energy tariffs and weak demand locally.  Do you think a higher growth rate can be achieved without fiscal expansion the way Pakistan has primed the pump in the past after securing an IMF program?  Or do you think it can happen sustainably?  Thank you. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Thank you.  Any other questions on Pakistan before we — any other questions on Pakistan?  Okay. 

    MR. AZOUR: Thank you very much.  Yes, the projections are showing that the Pakistani economy will grow at 2.4 percent this year compared to minus 0.2 percent last year and expected for next year to grow at 3.2 percent.  This constitutes an improvement at a time where we are seeing also inflation going down from 29 percent last year to 12.6 percent this year and we expect inflation to go down to 10.6 percent next year. 

              Of course, the reform package that the government of Pakistan has put together has several objectives.  One is to achieve fiscal sustainability by addressing some of the long awaited fiscal issues, especially on increasing the share of revenues in order to reduce the deficit, but also to improve the quality of the revenues by addressing some of the issues that existed in terms of tax collection and also in terms of special regimes.  Reforming the SOEs is also an important priority that will increase the capacity of Pakistan to provide a greater space for the private sector, level the playing field and increase FDIs by doing so.  This will allow the Pakistani economy to be more export driven and also to be ready to attract additional investment. 

              The monetary policy is also helping by tackling the issue of inflation and also by reducing any construction constraints on capital flows as well as also on the exchange transfers which also with the broad context of reforms will allow additional predictability and will reduce the risks or the constraints on the current account.  Therefore, the package of reform that has been set has not only the ambition to strengthen stability in terms of macroeconomic stability and reduced financing risks, but also has the ambition to reform some of the key sectors including the energy and the SOEs, improve the business environment, attract more FDRs and allow the economy to be more export driven which will unleash the potential of the Pakistani economy without having an impact on the current account. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Thank you Jihad.  We’ll turn now online.   I’m going to read your questions because I have them here.  Two questions on Egypt.  Question is regarding negotiations that Egypt will start with the IMF regarding the timing of implementing the economic reforms.  Does the IMF see that any of these can be delayed?  And the second point how does the IMF see the situation of the Egyptian economy in light of the recent developments?  And have you tested that during  your projections regarding growth and energy prices? 

              If those that want to ask on Egypt we’ll start here — many hands.  Yes, the gentleman here. 

    QUESTIONER:  I will speak in Arabic.   It’s a technical point, Mr. Jihad.  I wanted to ask you about the policies of the Fund that they aim at improving the living standards of the citizens and to reach the most vulnerable population.  And during the negotiations, some of those negotiations they contradict with these principles I mean increasing the price of energy.  I mean again for floating the price of the pound and adjustment of some prices of the commodities such as power.  And this is part of the reform program.  Does this apply to the current situation in Egypt in general?  Whether I speak about improving the standards of living especially as these put more pressures on the vulnerable population. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Please any other questions?  We’ll take the gentleman please be brief so we can take other questions. 

    QUESTIONER:  My question like Mrs. Georgieva said today that she’s going to visit Egypt in like within 10 days for like discussing the maybe reassessment in the program and that came in context with President he said that the economic situation it might lead Egypt to like rethinking about the reform program with the IMF.  Can you highlight in which points might like Mrs. Georgieva is going to discuss?  Are you going to change the program?  Are you going to change your condition for reforming program or it’s just going to be trying to convince Egyptian regime that the reform program that you have already agreed is going as usual and as you see like this came in contact with my colleague from Egypt about suffering of increasing price for gas and many other goods and stuff in Egypt.  So like what’s going on exactly in this meeting between Ms. Georgieva and President Sisi  Thank you. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Thank you.  We’ll take one last question on Egypt and then we’ll move on the second, third row please. 

    QUESTIONER:    My question is, is there any possibility of increasing the size of Egypt’s long given the widening of the conflict in the Middle east in recent weeks?  Thank you. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: We’ll turn to you Jihad. 

    MR. AZOUR: Okay.  In fact there are three levels of the different questions.  One is on the economic situation in Egypt.  The second is on the program and the relationship between the Fund and Egypt and also on some of the specific measures.  Well, first of all, and I will answer part in Arabic and part in English for the question that came from the online audience.  Like other countries in the region, Egypt has been subjected to the impact of the increase in tension due to the conflict.  I mentioned earlier, Egypt is a country that is partially affected and mainly the impact was on the revenues from the Suez Canal.  Luckily, the impact on tourism was almost muted.  We did not see any drop for a sector that employs a large part of the population.  Therefore, there are two levels of impact.  The direct impact of the conflict and the high level of uncertainty that affects Egypt as much as affect other countries in the region, especially in terms of attracting direct investment and attracting inflows. 

              On the other side, there are certain number of internal issues that the authorities are dealing with.  The high level of inflation is one.  Inflation has reached last year35 percent and it’s important if we want to preserve the purchasing power of the people, especially the low- and middle-income people, is to address inflation.  The best way to protect the livelihood of people is by reducing the level of price increase.  Therefore, the first pillar of the program was to strengthen stability and also protect the economy from external shocks.  This economy has been subjected to external shocks over the last four years Covid and then the war in Ukraine and then the recent conflict in the region.  And this is where the importance, for example of the flexibility of the exchange rate.  The flexibility of the exchange rate will reduce the impact of external shocks that could destabilize the local economy, would give more predictability in terms of capital flows and will reduce the risk of using other type of measures that would have an impact on economic activity. 

              Therefore, it’s very important to preserve it because it’s the best way to reduce the impact of external shocks on the local economy.  Of course, it has to go hand in hand with monetary policy that works on addressing inflation.  Inflation is going down and I think this is a positive news.  We expect it next year to reach 16 percent.  Of course, there are some short term hikes when some of the measures are introduced, but those are usually short lived impact.  Therefore, monetary policy is also a priority in order to reduce the macro instability, but also reduce the pressure on the low middle income people.  Three is we need to create growth.  Also, we’re happy to see that the growth prospects for next year are improving 4 percent for the fiscal year 2025.  But I think we can do more.  How to do more is by allowing the private sector to be investing, creating jobs.  And the best way to do it is for the state to give more space to the private sector and also for the state to be, I would say allowing them the competition to take place.  And this requires to accelerate some of the reforms of the SOEs, including increasing the private sector share in those investments. 

              The program has been built based on those objectives and when shocks occurred, the Fund responded very quickly.  We have increased the size of the program from $3 billion to $8 billion in the last review that took place in April.  Taking into consideration that Egypt has been subjected to the shock of the conflict.  The other also positive element that FDIs have increased with 35, 34 billion dollars of investment from UAE.  I think this provided additional needed investment and also needed inflow.  And we hope that this investment will be one of the elements that will bring growth to Egypt.  Therefore, in terms of inflows Egypt has been receiving, in addition to what the Fund has provided, what the UAE has provided also additional financing from bilateral and multilateral institutions.  The World Bank, the EU have increased their financing to Egypt and therefore, going back to the question, should we revisit the size of the program?  I think the macroeconomic conditions today are showing that the program as it’s designed and its finance is still appropriate. 

              On the question of some of the specific.  The impact of some of the specific measures here, I think we have to differentiate between two dimensions.  There are certain measures who have impact and those need to be countered by some other measures, especially on the social front.  And we are happy to see that the various programs that exist, Takaful and Karama and other programs are activated in order to address some of these issues.  Whenever you introduce those kind of fiscal measures, you need to protect the most vulnerable.  You need to allow the mostly affected and those who have limited capacity to be protected.  And therefore, when you do so, it allows you to create fiscal buffers, especially on the revenue side, to make it fairer and more effective i.e.not to have all the tax burden on the low income or middle-income people through consumption tax to increase the progressivity in the tax system, but also on the other hand, to provide more on the social protection level the program has in it.And the Fund team is working with authorities on the way to make sure that what is in the program is sufficient enough and what needs to be done to improve the outreach of the social program.  And during the visit of the MD, this will be one of the priority issues that the MD will raise and will discuss is how effective the social protection programs are.  Therefore, I think whenever you have to address imbalances that have been there for some time, there are some consolidation.  But you want to make sure that this consolidation is growth friendly, is inclusive and also it provides sustainable economic transformation. 

              This is how the program has been designed.  It has been designed to live in a shock prone world.  It has been designed in order to allow the economy to be more geared toward growth that is driven by export and create more opportunities.  Of course the uncertainty in the region is high.  We take this into consideration and earlier I mentioned that we are constantly looking at the impact.  We’re looking also at the potential escalations and what does it mean for our countries. 

              But again, I think it’s important in the case of Egypt as well as also in Jordan.  Those programs provide an anchor of stability at a time of uncertainty.  I think there is a great value of those programs.  We saw it in Jordan with the upgrade of Jordan in terms of rating.  Those programs provide an anchor of stability, and I think what the region needs today is stability.  And this is on that premise that we are engaging with countries in the region, and we are in fact we’re ready to engage and to provide more support. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Thank you, Jihad.  Let’s turn to the room.  Maybe we’ll go to the gentleman in the back.  Yes, right here.  Thank you. 

    QUESTIONER:  He will ask the question in Arabic.  In light of the environment in the GCC region, what are your projections for growth and specifically the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, your projections for growth? 

    MR. AZOUR: No doubt, no doubt that the GCC countries have managed over the past years to adapt to a large number of shocks and challenges that are being witnessed in the region and the whole world.  Starting from COVID pandemic and oil shocks.  And oil countries and GCC countries have maintained a certain level of growth despite the fact that there was the OPEC+ and its agreements. 

              For 2024, our projections are better than 2023.  The growth is about 1.2 percent in 2024 and will improve in 2025 to reach 4.2 percent in 25.  And this is very important if we put this in the framework of the fact that the main driving force behind the growth in the GCC countries is the development of non-oil economy.  And this is a very important element.  The development of non-oil economy was a main leverage for growth and the Gulf countries maintained a good level of growth ranging between 3 to 4 percent for non-oil growth under our investments that are aimed to develop other economic sectors in the future such as renewable energy as well as technology which contribute to increasing the capacity of these countries to increase the revenue, to diversify the sources of revenue for the economy and to adapt to the economic changes all over the world. 

              With regard to economy of Saudi Arabia, we expect that this year the growth will be 1.5 percent which is an improvement as compared to growth last year which was minus 0.2 percent.  And for next year it will be 4.6 percent for Saudi Arabia.  What has contributed to this in the first place?  The economic development, non-oil economy in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and also the production which has been improving and also the unwinding of the OPEC agreement.  And again the question. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: If not, we’ll turn to the room.  Maybe the — yes.  .  Yes, we can hear you now. 

    QUESTIONER:  Good evening.  Thank you and good evening.  Mr. Jihad, I would like to ask in Arabic my question.  What made the IMF expect that the growth will be 2.9 percent for Jordan next year compared to 2.5 percent this year.  In light of the continuing war in the Middle East.  This is first.  Second question.  The IMF in its last review has said that the revenue of Jordan have decreased, whereas other estimates would say that the revenue have increased.  How would you interpret these different estimates or different numbers?  And what can Jordan do to increase its revenues?  Thank you,Also a few questions. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Please be brief.  Thank you. 

    QUESTIONER:  Hello, can you hear me well? 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Yes, we can hear you. 

    QUESTIONER:  Thank you for this opportunity.  First of all, to ask my questions.  I would like to ask you about the upcoming COP 29 conference which is scheduled to be held in Azerbaijan very soon.  And what are specific initiatives that the IMF plans to support during the conference to promote sustainable development? 

    MS. AL SHAMI: We lost — okay, I think we can’t hear you,  but we’ll come back.  Maybe we’ll take one in the room.  Yes, please. 

    QUESTIONER:  I’m from Kazakhstan.  So my question is, how do you evaluate the effect of the war in Ukraine on the economies of Central Asian region, specifically my country, Kazakhstan?  Because we’re located too close to Russia and my country has the same border with it, and we are tied economically. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Thank you.  So that was a question on Kazakhstan and we had an earlier question, Azerbaijan.  You want to have one final question before we turn to you, Jihad. 

    QUESTIONER:  I have a question about the main obstacles to foreign investment in Saudi Arabia and what the authorities can do in order to improve that.  Thank you. 

    MR. AZOUR: Thank you.  The first question I think is about the economic impact in Jordan of the war.  Of course, the Jordanian economy is close to the hot area.  Jordan was affected in tourism, as I said before.  And this impact on tourism also affected the economy in Jordan.  Also trade and the Aqaba port.  The impact continues, but no doubt the uncertainty and the fluidity is very high.  However, last year and this year Jordan managed to maintain economic stability and to achieve an acceptable growth rate, 2.3.  This year we expect it to improve to 2.5 percent if the situation continues as it is and there was no more escalation in the region.  We attribute this to the measures taken by the government in the previous years in order to improve the performance of the economy and to achieve stabilization. 

              The Jordanian economy proved to be resilient despite the tensions.  The additional good factor is that inflation is low.  And the Central bank of Jordan managed to keep low inflation at 1.8 percent this year, which contributes to the easing of monetary policy. With regard to the point about the revenues, the amount of revenues, I’ll go back to you when I talk with the team.  But what I want to say is that in the past few years Jordan achieved successes in raising revenues which contributed to lower deficits and better stability, which enabled Jordan to secure the main financial needs and to keep stability and to increase investments and financial flows.  And we’ve seen this improvement at the beginning of this year in the form of the higher rating agencies rating for Jordan.

              The COP 29 the COP 29 the Fund has been an important partner to Azerbaijan for the preparation of the COP 29.  As you know, last year and before, the Fund has been extremely involved and the Fund has scaled up its support to members on the climate side by providing programs to help countries accelerate their transformation and finance long term climate priorities.  The Fund is also mainstreaming the climate issues in the surveillance and is providing a wealth of knowledge on the priorities, including for the Caucasus and Central Asia region where the Fund has recently produced a series of analytical pieces about the importance of adaptation for the region as well as also how to tackle the issue of mitigation and climate finance.  And I would encourage you and others to look at those.  Those are important pieces that will be featured during the COP 29.  Of course, we had recently during this week meetings with the authorities and the Fund is looking forward to maintain its active partnership with the authorities and play an important role in COP 29. 

              The last question was impact of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine on CCA countries and in particular on Kazakhstan.  Of course, let me say a few words on that.  Countries in the CCA in general have been able over the last four years and specifically over the last two years to protect their economies from the negative impact of the war in Ukraine and at the same time they were able to address the other risk that was coming from the increase in inflation or inflationary pressure.  When it comes to Kazakhstan, we project growth this year to be at 3.5 percent and we expect it to improve next year and reach 4.6 percent.  Of course, part of it is also due to the new investments in energy and in the new the new oil and gas fields, but also to the good performance of the non-oil sector. 

              Clearly here also the level of uncertainty is high, and we recommend countries to maintain on one hand their reform drive to preserve macroeconomic stability and on the other hand to accelerate structural reforms to regain levels of growth that would be needed in order to allow economic convergence between Central Asia and Caucasus countries with their peers to this gap to widen.  And this afternoon we will.  Sorry.  Tomorrow we will have a special session on the medium-term growth priorities, including the structural reforms.  And we will tackle some of the priorities for Kazakhstan as well as also other Central Asian countries. 

              The last question is obstacles to investment in Saudi Arabia.  This is the last question.  You want it in Arabic or English?  In Arabic.  If we look at the past few years under Vision 2030, you will see that there are some reforms that have contributed primarily to the improvement of the investment climate and to increase the growth rate outside of the government scope.  There was lower unemployment, especially among the youth, and also an increase in the participation of women.  And this has improved things despite all the volatilities and all the oil production cuts.  These reforms and investment projects that were adopted improve the size of the economy and make it more able to attract investments in the oil sector and also other like entertainment and technology. 

              In the past year there was a revisiting of the priorities, and the priority was more priority was given to technology, AI, climate.  All of this opens the door for more direct investment from abroad as in Saudi Arabia, also in the region.  Direct investment in the past 10 years was not as aspired.  There are internal reasons and also regional reasons because of the volatility and also because the global economic development reduced direct investments in the region. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Today’s briefing.  Thank you very much all for joining us today.  Jihad, any final words on the launch? 

    MR. AZOUR: One, I would like to thank you very much again, I would like to ask you to remain tuned.  I mentioned in my opening that the volatility of the situation requires from us and the high level of uncertainty to keep ourselves updated and to keep updating you.  This afternoon we will.  Sorry.  Tomorrow afternoon we will have an interesting session that looks into not the short-term where the level of uncertainty is extremely high, but the medium-term.  What are the priorities in terms of growth?  What are the priorities also in terms of investment?  We will launch officially with the details with the tables the outlook in Dubai next week.  It will be on October 31st and then immediately also we will launch the outlook for Caucuses and Central Asia.

              Tomorrow at 3pm I would like to invite you all for an interesting session where we are going to discuss one of our key analytical chapters that has to focus on medium term growth.  With that, thank you very much.  I’m sure there are follow up questions.  Myself and the team who is here will be ready to provide you with additional answers to your questions. 

    MS. AL SHAMI: Thank you all.  Thank you very much. 

    *  *  *  *  *

    IMF Communications Department
    MEDIA RELATIONS

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