Source: European Parliament
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Source: European Parliament
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| Monday, 10 February 2025 – Strasbourg | ||
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Source: US Immigration and Customs Enforcement
RALEIGH, N.C. — U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement arrested Ricardo Padillia-Granadillo, 24, an illegally present Venezuelan national, Feb. 8 in Raleigh.
Granadillo, a suspected member of the Tren de Aragua gang and a suspect in a mass shooting in Chicago, was wanted on federal charges for illegal entry into the United States and had a warrant for his arrest.
Granadillo illegally entered the U.S. near El Paso, Texas, Oct. 1, 2022, and was encountered by the U.S. Border Patrol, paroled into the country and given a notice to appear. He failed to show up for his immigration appointment scheduled for Sept. 12, 2024, and the U.S. Attorney for the Western District of Texas issued an arrest warrant.
Law enforcement officers with ICE, Border Patrol, Customs and Border Protection’s Air and Marine Operations and the U.S. Marshals Service arrested Granadillo the evening of Feb. 8 at a residence in Raleigh without incident. Officers found a handgun, ammunition and 10 other Venezuelan aliens in the house while conducting the arrest operation.
Members of the public can report crimes and suspicious activity by dialing 866-DHS-2-ICE (866-347-2423) or completing the online tip form.
Learn more about ICE’s mission to increase public safety on X at @ICEgov.
Source: Office of United States Attorneys
RALEIGH, N.C. – A South Carolina man who was part of a large drug trafficking organization (DTO) moving kilogram quantities of cocaine in the United States was sentenced to 78 months in prison. On October 31, 2024, Gerardo Calzada, age 34, pled guilty to possession with intent to distribute 500 grams or more of cocaine and aiding and abetting.
According to court documents and other information presented in court, in 2020, officers with the Apex Police Department began an investigation into an individual trafficking drugs in the area. As the investigation progressed, other agencies, including the Drug Enforcement Authority (DEA) became involved. Calzada was identified, along with others, as an individual who was provided drugs to distribute on behalf of the DTO. During a surveillance operation on July 26, 2023, Calzada was observed driving another DTO member to a meeting behind a local Food Lion, where the other DTO member was handed a paper bag. After Calzado and his passenger departed the parking lot, they were stopped by Johnston County Sheriff’s deputies. A consensual search of the vehicle resulted in the seizure of two kilograms of cocaine found inside two cereal boxes, a digital scale, a drug ledger, and money transmittal receipts to Guerrero, Mexico, and to Cortes, Honduras. During an interview with agents, Calzado admitted to travelling from South Carolina to purchase cocaine and also indicated that he had met with couriers on at least ten occasions.
This prosecution was part of an Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force (OCDETF) investigation. OCDETF identifies, disrupts, and dismantles the highest-level drug traffickers, money launderers, gangs, and transnational criminal organizations that threaten the United States by using a prosecutor-led, intelligence-driven, multi-agency approach that leverages the strengths of federal, state, and local law enforcement agencies against criminal networks.
Daniel P. Bubar, Acting U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of North Carolina made the announcement after sentencing by U.S. District Judge James C. Dever III. The DEA, the Apex Police Department and the Johnston County Sheriff’s Office investigated the case and Assistant U.S. Attorney Kelly Sandling prosecuted the case.
Related court documents and information can be found on the website of the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of North Carolina or on PACER by searching for Case No. 5:23-cr-00133-D-RJ.
###
Source: Office of United States Attorneys
Marc H. Silverman, Acting United States Attorney for the District of Connecticut, announced that SHADIA MELISSA AGUILAR SARMIENTO, 30, of Mexico, was sentenced today by U.S. District Judge Kari A. Dooley in Bridgeport to approximately 13 months of imprisonment, time already served, for conspiring with others to defraud owners of timeshare properties.
According to court documents and statements made in court, Aguilar Sarmiento and others participated in an advance fee scheme that targeted owners of timeshare properties at various Mexican resorts, including timeshare owners in the U.S. and Canada. The conspiracy operated as a business in Mexico that used several different company names in its communications with timeshare owners, including Club World Travel, Luxury Destinations, DeRemate, and Smart Travel.
As part of the scheme, members of the conspiracy contacted timeshare owners, claimed to be representatives of companies that were interested in purchasing timeshares, and offered to purchase the timeshares from the owners. To create the impression that the purchase offers were legitimate, the conspirators referred the timeshare owners to people they indicated were attorneys, who the conspirators indicated would represent the timeshare owners in the transaction. These purported attorneys were real licensed attorneys, including attorneys who practiced in Connecticut, whose names and identities were used without their knowledge or permission. The conspirators, while impersonating the attorneys, emailed purchase agreements on attorney letterhead to the timeshare owners. The purchase agreements listed the purchase price that the buyers were paying the timeshare owners, stated that the buyer would pay any associated fees, and indicated that any additional fees the timeshare owner needed to pay to sell and transfer the timeshare would be added to the purchase price, so that the owner would recoup those additional fees.
Many timeshare owners signed the purchase agreements believing that the purchase offers were legitimate. After a timeshare owner signed a purchase agreement, a member of the conspiracy would contact the timeshare owner falsely claiming to be a representative of a Mexican government agency or another authority requesting payment of fees, taxes, or other costs before the sale could be completed. Many timeshare owners paid these fees and taxes through international wire transfers to bank accounts in Mexico that were controlled by members of the conspiracy. Once the additional money was paid, the conspirators would often inform the timeshare owner of another fee that needed to be paid. Many timeshare owners then paid those additional fees, and the process repeated until the timeshare owner stopped paying the fees.
Timeshare owners never received any sales proceeds.
From approximately December 2018 until January 2021, when Aguilar Sarmiento was involved in the scheme, more than 50 timeshare owners were victimized and lost a total of approximately $2 million.
As part of her sentence, Aguilar Sarmiento was ordered to pay restitution of $2,065,852.85 to the victim timeshare owners.
Aguilar Sarmiento has been detained since January 12, 2024, when she was arrested in San Diego, California, after entering the U.S. on a visitor visa. On November 19, 2024, she pleaded guilty to one count of conspiracy to commit wire fraud.
This matter is being investigated by the Federal Bureau of Investigation and the Internal Revenue Service – Criminal Investigation Division. The case was prosecuted by Assistant U.S. Attorney Neeraj N. Patel.
Source: Office of United States Attorneys
WASHINGTON – Tyree Eugene McCombs, 29, of Washington D.C., was sentenced today in U.S. District Court to 228 months in federal prison for his role in the September 2022 stalking, armed robbery, and kidnapping of a pair of victims in Alexandria, Virginia, and for the November 2022 stalking, kidnapping, robbery, and shooting of a woman in Maryland and Washington, D.C.
The sentence was announced by U.S. Attorney Edward R. Martin, Jr., and FBI Special Agent in Charge Sean Ryan of the Washington Field Office Criminal and Cyber Division.
McCombs pleaded guilty on August 14, 2024, before U.S. District Court Judge Amy Berman Jackson, to one count of conspiracy to interfere with interstate commerce by robbery (a “Hobbs Act” robbery) for the September 2022 offense, and to one count of kidnapping for the November 2022 offense. In addition to the 228-month prison-term, Judge Berman Jackson ordered McCombs to serve five years of supervised release.
According to court documents, in September and November 2022, McCombs and his co-conspirators twice executed plans to surveil, stalk, forcibly detain, bind, assault, and rob women at gunpoint. McCombs was a leader in both schemes, personally stalking the victims, holding them at gunpoint, physically assaulting them, and demanding that they pay their own ransoms. In each case, the kidnapping was abruptly cut short either by the sound of an alarm (September) or the victim’s daring escape (November).
During the first incident, on the evening on September 3, 2022, the two victims entered their car – a black Mercedes S63 AMG Sedan – and drove from Alexandria, Virginia to a family gathering in Maryland. Unbeknownst to the victims, they were being electronically surveilled. A GPS tracking device purchased by McCombs had been placed inside the Mercedes. That night, McCombs and three co-conspirators laid in wait for nearly four hours for the victims to return home to their apartment building in Alexandria. As the couple returned to their building, McCombs and his co-conspirators, wearing masks and blue surgical gloves and carrying zip ties, ambushed them with handguns and robbed them of their most valuable belongings.
McCombs and his crew stole two Audemars Piguet watches worth about $120,000 from the couple and another $63,500 worth of jewelry, including a Cuban link chain and a custom pendant with the letters “GQ” overlaid on a speedometer. McCombs and his co-conspirators took the keys to the victim’s Mercedes then forced the victims at gunpoint from the parking garage to the victims’ apartment.
Once inside of the apartment, McCombs and his co-conspirators pistol-whipped the victims and ordered them to tell them where their money was hidden. The co-conspirators ransacked the residence but were unable to find any cash. During the crime, a security alarm activated, and the co-conspirators tore the alarm from the wall and fled the apartment. McCombs and his co-conspirators then fled the apartment complex in a stolen white Kia as well as the victim’s Mercedes, which still had the GPS tracking device inside. The co-conspirators drove the Mercedes into Washington, D.C. then abandoned the vehicle in Maryland, where it was found by law enforcement. About a month later, on October 10, 2022, McCombs sold the custom pendant, worth tens of thousands of dollars, to a pawn shop in Maryland for $200.
On the night of November 7, 2022, McCombs led another kidnapping and robbery, this time targeting and abducting a 25-year-old woman in Maryland. At the time of this crime, McCombs was on supervised release for a 2019 attempted armed robbery conviction and, two weeks earlier, had been ordered to wear a GPS monitor. McCombs’s GPS data showed that he stalked the woman for hours through the evening of November 7, following her from work to a family member’s home to a bank. Eventually, the victim traveled by car to an apartment building in Elkridge, Maryland. McCombs and a co-conspirator, traveling in a carjacked Toyota Camry, followed her to the Elkridge apartment.
As the victim exited her vehicle and began to enter the building, McCombs and his co-conspirator grabbed her and forced her into the back seat of the Camry at gunpoint. The kidnappers pistol-whipped the victim, robbed her, and bound her hands behind her back using a black plastic zip tie. McCombs and his co-conspirator then held the woman captive in the vehicle for nearly three hours, driving to various locations in Maryland and Washington, D.C. Surveillance video footage from a gas station in Forestville, Maryland, captured McCombs and his co-conspirator exiting the Camry with the victim still held inside. As McCombs walked into the gas station to purchase gas, the co-conspirator entered the back seat of the vehicle and sexually assaulted the victim. After leaving the gas station, the kidnappers, who had already taken a significant amount of cash and property from the victim, repeatedly demanded to know “who she could call to save her life, that could get more money,” while threatening to kill her.
The victim, believing she was going to be killed, used her foot to open a rear door of the vehicle, pushed open the door, and, after struggling with McCombs, jumped out of the moving vehicle. As she sprinted down the street, McCombs and the co-conspirator fired at least five gunshots at her, striking her twice in the foot. Within minutes of the shooting, law enforcement identified McCombs based on his GPS data. They located and arrested McCombs, who was still wearing the GPS monitor, several hours later.
This case was investigated by FBI Washington Field Office’s Violent Crimes Task Force. The Fairfax County Police Department, Howard County Police Department, and Metropolitan Police Department assisted with the investigation. The matter was prosecuted by Assistant U.S. Attorneys Meredith Mayer-Dempsey and Charles R. Jones.
McCombs (center) and his co-conspirators carry the Alexandria victims’ shoes and handbag in the hallway of the apartment building.
Crime scene photograph taken inside the Alexandria apartment where McCombs’s first victims resided.
Still images of McCombs and his co-conspirator abducting a woman at gunpoint in Maryland on November 7, 2022.
McCombs (right) and a co-conspirator talk at the gas station in Forestville, MD, as the victim remains captive in the back seat of a carjacked Toyota Camry.
22cr377
Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)
WOODLAND PARK, N.J., Feb. 11, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Anterix (NASDAQ: ATEX) today announced its third quarter fiscal 2025 results and filed its Form 10-Q for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2024. The Company also issued an update on its Demonstrated Intent metric which can be found on Anterix’s website at https://investors.anterix.com/Q32025.
Financial and Operational Highlights
Liquidity and Balance Sheet
At December 31, 2024, the Company had no debt and cash and cash equivalents of $28.8 million. In addition, the Company had a restricted cash balance of $7.6 million in escrow deposits.
The Company has an authorized share repurchase program for up to $250.0 million of the Company’s common stock on or before September 21, 2026. In the fiscal third quarter of 2025, Anterix had share repurchase activity of $4.4 million and approximately $229.6 million remains under the current share repurchase program as of December 31, 2024.
Conference Call Information
Anterix senior management will hold an analyst and investor conference call to provide a business update at 9:00 A.M. ET on Wednesday February 12, 2025. Participants interested in joining the call’s live question and answer session are required to pre-register by clicking here to obtain a dial-in number and unique PIN. It is recommended that you join the call at least 10 minutes before the conference call begins. The call is also being webcast live and will be accessible on the Investor Relations section of Anterix’s website at https://investors.anterix.com/events-presentations. Following the event, a replay of the call will also be available on the Anterix website.
About Anterix Inc.
At Anterix, we partner with leading utilities and technology companies to harness the power of 900 MHz broadband for modernized grid solutions. Leading an ecosystem of more than 100 members, we offer utility-first solutions to modernize the grid and solve the challenges that utilities are facing today. As the largest holder of licensed spectrum in the 900 MHz band (896-901/935-940 MHz) throughout the contiguous United States, plus Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico, we are uniquely positioned to enable private wireless broadband solutions that support cutting-edge advanced communications capabilities for a cleaner, safer, and more secure energy future. To learn more and join the 900 MHz movement, please visit www.anterix.com.
Forward-Looking Statements
Certain statements contained in this press release constitute forward-looking statements within the meaning of the federal securities laws that involve risks and uncertainties. Forward-looking statements include, without limitation, any statement that may predict, forecast, indicate or imply future events or achievements such as statements in this press release related to Anterix’s business or financial results or outlook. Actual events or results may differ materially from those contemplated in this press release. Forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made and readers are cautioned not to put undue reliance on such statements, as they are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties that could cause Anterix’s actual future results to differ materially from results indicated in the forward-looking statement. Such statements are based on assumptions that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in the forward-looking statements, including: (i) the timing of payments under customer agreements; (ii) Anterix’s ability to clear the 900 MHz Broadband Spectrum on a timely basis and on commercially reasonable terms; (iii) Anterix’s ability to qualify for and timely secure broadband licenses; (iv) Anterix’s ability to execute on its industry engagement initiatives; (v) the timing and outcome of Anterix’s strategic review process; (vi) whether Anterix will be able to identify, develop or execute on any actions as a result of its strategic review process and (vii) competition in the market for spectrum and spectrum solutions offered by Anterix. Actual events or results may differ materially from those contemplated in this press release. Anterix’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), which you may obtain for free at the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov, discuss some of the important risk factors that may affect the Company’s financial outlook, business, results of operations and financial condition. Anterix undertakes no obligation to update publicly or revise any forward-looking statements contained herein.
Shareholder Contact
Natasha Vecchiarelli
Vice President, Investor Relations & Corporate Communications
Anterix
973-531-4397
nvecchiarelli@anterix.com
| Anterix Inc. Earnings Release Tables Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands, except share and per share data) |
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| December 31, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | ||||||
| (Unaudited) | |||||||
| ASSETS | |||||||
| Current assets | |||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 28,797 | $ | 60,578 | |||
| Spectrum receivable | 8,147 | 8,521 | |||||
| Escrow deposits | 198 | — | |||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 3,139 | 3,912 | |||||
| Total current assets | 40,281 | 73,011 | |||||
| Escrow deposits | 7,433 | 7,546 | |||||
| Property and equipment, net | 1,579 | 2,062 | |||||
| Right of use assets, net | 4,717 | 4,432 | |||||
| Intangible assets | 246,215 | 216,743 | |||||
| Deferred broadband costs | 25,976 | 19,772 | |||||
| Other assets | 478 | 1,328 | |||||
| Total assets | $ | 326,679 | $ | 324,894 | |||
| LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY | |||||||
| Current liabilities | |||||||
| Accounts payable and other accrued expenses | $ | 9,009 | $ | 8,631 | |||
| Accrued severance and other related charges | 2,290 | — | |||||
| Operating lease liabilities | 1,745 | 1,850 | |||||
| Contingent liability | 5,397 | 1,000 | |||||
| Deferred revenue | 5,962 | 6,470 | |||||
| Total current liabilities | 24,403 | 17,951 | |||||
| Operating lease liabilities | 3,609 | 3,446 | |||||
| Contingent liability | 22,033 | 15,000 | |||||
| Deferred revenue | 120,099 | 115,742 | |||||
| Deferred gain on sale of intangible assets | 4,911 | 4,911 | |||||
| Deferred income tax | 6,736 | 6,281 | |||||
| Other liabilities | 143 | 531 | |||||
| Total liabilities | 181,934 | 163,862 | |||||
| Commitments and contingencies | |||||||
| Stockholders’ equity | |||||||
| Preferred stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 10,000,000 shares authorized and no shares outstanding at December 31, 2024 and March 31, 2024 | — | — | |||||
| Common stock, $0.0001 par value per share, 100,000,000 shares authorized and 18,586,786 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2024 and 18,452,892 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2024 | 2 | 2 | |||||
| Additional paid-in capital | 543,939 | 533,203 | |||||
| Accumulated deficit | (399,196 | ) | (372,173 | ) | |||
| Total stockholders’ equity | 144,745 | 161,032 | |||||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 326,679 | $ | 324,894 | |||
| Anterix Inc. Earnings Release Tables Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited, in thousands, except share and per share data) |
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| Three months ended December 31, | Nine months ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||
| Spectrum revenue | $ | 1,566 | $ | 1,271 | $ | 4,642 | $ | 2,931 | |||||||
| Operating expenses | |||||||||||||||
| General and administrative | 9,203 | 11,252 | 33,451 | 34,830 | |||||||||||
| Sales and support | 1,309 | 1,380 | 4,516 | 3,965 | |||||||||||
| Product development | 1,120 | 1,238 | 4,646 | 3,454 | |||||||||||
| Severance and other related charges | 3,513 | — | 3,513 | — | |||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 142 | 198 | 472 | 653 | |||||||||||
| Operating expenses | 15,287 | 14,068 | 46,598 | 42,902 | |||||||||||
| Gain on disposal of intangible assets, net | (20,753 | ) | (13,737 | ) | (20,846 | ) | (33,035 | ) | |||||||
| Gain on sale of intangible assets, net | — | (32 | ) | — | (7,364 | ) | |||||||||
| Loss from disposal of long-lived assets, net | — | 3 | — | 39 | |||||||||||
| Gain (loss) from operations | 7,032 | 969 | (21,110 | ) | 389 | ||||||||||
| Interest income | 434 | 666 | 1,713 | 1,448 | |||||||||||
| Other income | 10 | 31 | 35 | 189 | |||||||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | 7,476 | 1,666 | (19,362 | ) | 2,026 | ||||||||||
| Income tax (benefit) expense | (234 | ) | 1,338 | 1,218 | 1,743 | ||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 7,710 | $ | 328 | $ | (20,580 | ) | $ | 283 | ||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share basic | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.02 | $ | (1.11 | ) | $ | 0.02 | ||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share diluted | $ | 0.41 | $ | 0.02 | $ | (1.11 | ) | $ | 0.01 | ||||||
| Weighted-average common shares used to compute basic net income (loss) per share | 18,609,736 | 18,704,400 | 18,557,453 | 18,858,472 | |||||||||||
| Weighted-average common shares used to compute diluted net income (loss) per share | 18,783,445 | 18,916,246 | 18,557,453 | 19,082,867 | |||||||||||
| Anterix Inc. Earnings Release Tables Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited, in thousands) |
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| Three months ended December 31, | Nine months ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | 7,710 | $ | 328 | $ | (20,580 | ) | $ | 283 | ||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | |||||||||||||||
| Depreciation and amortization | 142 | 198 | 472 | 653 | |||||||||||
| Stock compensation expense | 2,865 | 3,921 | 10,619 | 12,024 | |||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | (934 | ) | 519 | 455 | 892 | ||||||||||
| Right of use assets | 394 | (1,803 | ) | 1,226 | (1,258 | ) | |||||||||
| Gain on disposal of intangible assets, net | (20,753 | ) | (13,737 | ) | (20,846 | ) | (33,035 | ) | |||||||
| Gain on sale of intangible assets, net | — | (32 | ) | — | (7,364 | ) | |||||||||
| Loss from disposal of long-lived assets, net | — | 3 | — | 39 | |||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities | |||||||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other assets | (260 | ) | (466 | ) | 1,265 | 322 | |||||||||
| Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 1,920 | 1,214 | 383 | 1,588 | |||||||||||
| Accrued severance and other related charges | 2,290 | — | 2,290 | — | |||||||||||
| Due to related parties | — | — | — | (533 | ) | ||||||||||
| Operating lease liabilities | (421 | ) | 1,700 | (1,453 | ) | 941 | |||||||||
| Contingent liability | — | 15,000 | 10,000 | 15,000 | |||||||||||
| Deferred revenue | (566 | ) | 26,795 | 3,849 | 46,301 | ||||||||||
| Other liabilities | (86 | ) | — | (388 | ) | — | |||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities | (7,699 | ) | 33,640 | (12,708 | ) | 35,853 | |||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||||||
| Purchases of intangible assets, including refundable deposits, retuning costs and swaps | (1,717 | ) | (4,732 | ) | (12,621 | ) | (14,809 | ) | |||||||
| Proceeds from sale of spectrum | — | 249 | — | 25,427 | |||||||||||
| Purchases of equipment | — | (55 | ) | (41 | ) | (267 | ) | ||||||||
| Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities | (1,717 | ) | (4,538 | ) | (12,662 | ) | 10,351 | ||||||||
| CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES | |||||||||||||||
| Proceeds from stock option exercises | — | — | 1,960 | 7 | |||||||||||
| Repurchases of common stock | (4,416 | ) | (7,971 | ) | (6,443 | ) | (18,706 | ) | |||||||
| Payments of withholding tax on net issuance of restricted stock | (477 | ) | (115 | ) | (1,843 | ) | (1,137 | ) | |||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | (4,893 | ) | (8,086 | ) | (6,326 | ) | (19,836 | ) | |||||||
| Net change in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | (14,309 | ) | 21,016 | (31,696 | ) | 26,368 | |||||||||
| CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AND RESTRICTED CASH | |||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of the period | 50,737 | 48,534 | 68,124 | 43,182 | |||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of the period | $ | 36,428 | $ | 69,550 | $ | 36,428 | $ | 69,550 | |||||||
Three months ended December 31, |
Nine months ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||||
| SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION | |||||||||||||||
| Cash paid during the period: | |||||||||||||||
| Taxes paid, including excise tax | $ | 173 | $ | — | $ | 1,058 | $ | 1 | |||||||
| Operating leases paid | $ | 533 | $ | 580 | $ | 1,732 | $ | 1,732 | |||||||
| Non-cash investing activity: | |||||||||||||||
| Network equipment provided in exchange for wireless licenses | $ | — | $ | 48 | $ | 47 | $ | 616 | |||||||
| Narrowband spectrum licenses received in connection with the LCRA Agreement | $ | 1,430 | $ | — | $ | 1,430 | $ | — | |||||||
| Deferred gain on sale of intangible assets | $ | — | $ | 22 | $ | — | $ | 4,911 | |||||||
| Derecognition of contingent liability related to sale of intangible assets | $ | — | $ | 409 | $ | — | $ | 19,249 | |||||||
| Right of use assets new leases | $ | — | $ | 333 | $ | 290 | $ | 439 | |||||||
| Right of use assets modifications and renewals | $ | 124 | $ | 1,830 | $ | 1,221 | $ | 1,885 | |||||||
| The following tables provide a reconciliation of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts on the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows: | |||||||||
| December 31, 2024 | September 30, 2024 | March 31, 2024 | |||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 28,797 | $ | 43,129 | $ | 60,578 | |||
| Escrow deposits | 7,631 | 7,608 | 7,546 | ||||||
| Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 36,428 | $ | 50,737 | $ | 68,124 | |||
| December 31, 2023 | September 30, 2023 | March 31, 2023 | |||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 62,033 | $ | 48,534 | $ | 43,182 | |||
| Escrow deposits | 7,517 | — | — | ||||||
| Total cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 69,550 | $ | 48,534 | $ | 43,182 | |||
| Anterix Inc. Earnings Release Tables Other Financial Information (Unaudited, in thousands except per share data) |
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| Three months ended December 31, | Nine months ended December 31, | ||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||
| Number of shares repurchased and retired | 132 | 230 | 195 | 563 | |||||||
| Average price paid per share* | $ | 33.59 | $ | 34.77 | $ | 32.83 | $ | 33.62 | |||
| Total cost to repurchase | $ | 4,416 | $ | 7,971 | $ | 6,443 | $ | 18,706 | |||
* Average price paid per share includes costs associated with the repurchases.
As of December 31, 2024, $229.6 million is remaining under the share repurchase program.
Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)
– Fiscal Q2 Production Up 10% Y/Y to 6,935 Average BOEPD –
– Declares Quarterly Dividend of $0.12 for Fiscal Third Quarter 2025 –
HOUSTON, Feb. 11, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Evolution Petroleum Corporation (NYSE American: EPM) (“Evolution” or the “Company”) today announced its financial and operating results for its fiscal second quarter ended December 31, 2024. The Company’s diversified portfolio continues to deliver production growth, with fiscal Q2 volumes increasing 10% year-over-year to 6,935 BOEPD. Further reinforcing its commitment to shareholder returns, Evolution declared its 46th consecutive quarterly cash dividend of $0.12 per common share for the fiscal 2025 third quarter.
Financial & Operational Highlights
| ($ in thousands) | Q2 2025 | Q2 2024 | Q1 2025 | % Change vs Q2/Q2 |
% Change vs Q2/Q1 |
2025 YTD | 2024 YTD | % Change vs YTD’24 |
|||||||||||||||||
| Average BOEPD | 6,935 | 6,304 | 7,478 | 10 | % | (7 | )% | 7,212 | 6,380 | 13 | % | ||||||||||||||
| Revenues | $ | 20,275 | $ | 21,024 | $ | 21,896 | (4 | )% | (7 | )% | $ | 42,171 | $ | 41,625 | 1 | % | |||||||||
| Net Income(1) | $ | (1,825 | ) | $ | 1,082 | $ | 2,065 | NM | NM | $ | 240 | $ | 2,556 | (91 | )% | ||||||||||
| Adjusted Net Income(1)(2) | $ | (841 | ) | $ | 1,082 | $ | 728 | NM | NM | $ | (103 | ) | $ | 2,556 | NM | ||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA(3) | $ | 5,688 | $ | 6,832 | $ | 8,125 | (17 | )% | (30 | )% | $ | 13,813 | $ | 13,535 | 2 | % | |||||||||
| (1) “NM” means “Not Meaningful.” | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (2) Adjusted Net Income is a non-GAAP financial measure; see the non-GAAP reconciliation schedules to the most comparable GAAP measures at the end of this release for more information. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| (3) Adjusted EBITDA is Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortization and is a non-GAAP financial measure; see the non-GAAP reconciliation schedules to the most comparable GAAP measures at the end of this release for more information. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kelly Loyd, President and Chief Executive Officer, commented: “Driven by our favorable near and long-term outlook for sustainable cash flow generation from our diversified asset base, we are pleased to announce our 11th straight dividend at the rate of $0.12 per share for the upcoming quarter, payable March 31, 2025. Despite operational issues and downtime at Chaveroo and Williston, which resulted in approximately 90 BOEPD lower production for the quarter, our balanced portfolio delivered strong year-over-year production growth of 10%. These issues have been resolved, and rates were restored before the end of January. Lower commodity pricing, particularly for natural gas, was the main contributor to a modest revenue decline and net adjusted loss. However, towards the end of the quarter and beyond, we have seen a strong recovery throughout the natural gas futures curve and substantially improved natural gas price realizations to date, while oil and natural gas liquids pricing has remained relatively stable to slightly improved.
We continue to see above-average results from new wells in the SCOOP/STACK area and are excited about new well proposals from several operators within our acreage. We remain very excited about the upcoming four gross wells (two net) in the second development block at Chaveroo. As of today, two of these new wells have been drilled, the third is underway and the fourth will follow immediately thereafter. We expect all four wells to be completed and turned in line during our fiscal fourth quarter.”
Mr. Loyd concluded, “Looking ahead, we remain committed to driving long-term shareholder value with pursuing high-quality, low-decline assets at attractive valuations, expanding our drilling inventory, and maintaining our strong financial foundation. We are evaluating multiple acquisition opportunities that have the potential to enhance our long-term growth strategy and further improve our cash flow generation — all at very compelling valuations that would be materially accretive to earnings. Given our track record of executing disciplined investments, we are confident in our ability to deliver sustainable growth, create value through accretive M&A, and continue supporting our dividend program for years to come.”
Fiscal Second Quarter 2025 Financial Results
Total revenues decreased 4% to $20.3 million compared to $21.0 million in the year-ago quarter. The decline was driven primarily by a 12% decrease in average realized commodity prices which offset an increase in production volumes. The increase in production volumes was largely due to the Company’s SCOOP/STACK acquisitions in February 2024 and subsequent drilling and completion activities, as well as new wells at Chaveroo that came online at the same time.
Lease operating costs (“LOE”) increased to $12.8 million compared to $12.4 million in the year-ago quarter. The overall increase was driven by the addition of the Company’s SCOOP/STACK properties and Chaveroo wells since the prior year period, collectively adding $1.2 million in lease operating costs this quarter. The overall increase was partially offset by the reduction in CO2 purchases at Delhi Field due to maintenance on the pipeline that began in February 2024. CO2 purchases restarted in late October 2024. The increase in production from the Company’s SCOOP/STACK properties and Chaveroo wells, which incur lower relative operating costs compared to other areas, has also driven down LOE on a per-unit basis. On a per unit basis, total LOE decreased 6% to $20.05 per BOE compared to $21.30 per BOE in the year-ago quarter.
Depletion, depreciation, and accretion expense was $5.4 million compared to $4.6 million in the year-ago period. On a per BOE basis, the Company’s current quarter depletion rate increased to $7.87 per BOE compared to $7.31 per BOE in the year-ago period due to an increase in depletable base related to the Company’s SCOOP/STACK acquisitions and capital development expenditures added since the prior fiscal year.
General and administrative (“G&A”) expenses, excluding stock-based compensation, increased slightly to $2.0 million compared to $1.9 million in the year-ago period. On a per BOE basis, G&A expenses decreased to $3.13 compared to $3.34 in the year-ago period. The decrease on a per unit basis is the result of increased production.
The Company reported a net loss of $1.8 million or $(0.06) per share, compared to net income of $1.1 million or $0.03 per share in the year-ago period. Excluding the impact of unrealized losses, adjusted net loss was $0.8 million or $(0.03) per diluted share, compared to adjusted net income of $1.1 million or $0.03 per diluted share in the prior quarter.
Adjusted EBITDA was $5.7 million compared to $6.8 million in the year-ago period. The decrease was primarily due to decreased revenue as a result of lower commodity prices and higher total operating costs due to the SCOOP/STACK acquisitions.
Production & Pricing
| Average price per unit: | Q2 2025 | Q2 2024 | % Change vs Q2/Q2 | |||||
| Crude oil (BBL) | $ | 65.72 | $ | 73.96 | (11)% | |||
| Natural gas (MCF) | 2.73 | 3.35 | (19)% | |||||
| Natural Gas Liquids (BBL) | 25.90 | 28.48 | (9)% | |||||
| Equivalent (BOE) | 31.78 | 36.25 | (12)% | |||||
Total production for the second quarter of fiscal 2025 increased 10% to 6,935 net BOEPD compared to 6,304 net BOEPD in the year-ago period. Total production for the second quarter of fiscal 2025 included 1,946 barrels per day (“BOPD”) of crude oil, 3,848 BOEPD of natural gas, and 1,141 BOEPD of NGLs. The increase in total production was driven by the closing of the Company’s SCOOP/STACK acquisitions in February 2024 and production from the initial three wells in the Chaveroo oilfield coming online at the same time. Total oil and natural gas liquids production generated 71% of revenue for the quarter compared to 69% in the year-ago period.
The Company’s average realized commodity price (excluding the impact of derivative contracts) decreased 12% to $31.78 per BOE, compared to $36.25 per BOE in the year-ago period. These decreases were primarily driven by a decrease of approximately 19% in realized natural gas prices year over year.
Operations Update
At SCOOP/STACK, the Company’s operators brought three gross wells online during fiscal Q2 2025, which is in addition to the seven gross wells brought online during fiscal Q1 2025. Additionally, Evolution has agreed to participate in eight gross new horizontal wells across the acreage. Since the effective date of the acquisitions, a total of 32 gross wells (or 0.5 net wells) have commenced first production.
Chaveroo production for fiscal Q2 was down due to gas interference in the downhole pumps. However, these issues have since been resolved, and production rebounded back to expected rates in January 2025. The Company has preliminarily agreed to six additional horizontal wells in Drilling Block Three, which are anticipated to begin operations in early fiscal 2026. Drilling activities began in January 2025 on the four new gross wells in the Company’s second development block. As of today, Evolution has finished drilling two of the four gross wells and expects to finish drilling the remaining wells by early March.
In the Williston Basin, a compressor failure on a third-party-operated gathering system caused temporary downtime for 30 days at the beginning of fiscal Q2, resulting in reduced natural gas sales for the period. Correspondingly, NGL production saw a decline during this period as well. Oil sales volumes were also negatively impacted during the quarter due to delays in sales of oil at the end of December. Those volumes were subsequently sold in January.
At Delhi, CO2 injections resumed during fiscal Q2 2025, which has positively impacted production. Following the quarter end, one new well has been drilled at Test Site V and the Company is awaiting results.
Balance Sheet, Liquidity, and Capital Spending
On December 31, 2024, cash and cash equivalents totaled $11.7 million, and working capital was $10.5 million. Evolution had $39.5 million of borrowings outstanding under its revolving credit facility, and total liquidity of $22.2 million, including cash and cash equivalents. In fiscal Q2, Evolution paid $4.1 million in common stock dividends and $0.8 million in capital expenditures. During the period ended December 31, 2024, the Company sold a total of approximately 0.4 million shares of its common stock under its At-the-Market Sales Agreement for net proceeds of approximately $2.0 million, after deducting an initial $0.2 million in fees for due diligence incurred with the offering.
Cash Dividend on Common Stock
On February 10, 2025, Evolution’s Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.12 per share of common stock, which will be paid on March 31, 2025, to common stockholders of record on March 14, 2025. This will be the 46th consecutive quarterly cash dividend on the Company’s common stock since December 31, 2013. To date, Evolution has returned approximately $126.6 million, or $3.81 per share, back to stockholders in common stock dividends.
Conference Call
As previously announced, Evolution Petroleum will host a conference call on Wednesday, February 12, 2025, at 10:00 a.m. CT to review its fiscal second quarter 2025 financial and operating results. Participants can join online at https://event.choruscall.com/mediaframe/webcast.html?webcastid=HS7VesBT or by dialing (844) 481-2813. Dial-in participants should ask to join the Evolution Petroleum Corporation call. A replay will be available through February 12, 2026, via the provided webcast link and on Evolution’s Investor Relations website at www.ir.evolutionpetroleum.com.
About Evolution Petroleum
Evolution Petroleum Corporation is an independent energy company focused on maximizing total shareholder returns through the ownership of and investment in onshore oil and natural gas properties in the U.S. The Company aims to build and maintain a diversified portfolio of long-life oil and natural gas properties through acquisitions, selective development opportunities, production enhancements, and other exploitation efforts. Properties include non-operated interests in the following areas: the SCOOP/STACK plays of the Anadarko Basin in Oklahoma; the Chaveroo Oilfield located in Chaves and Roosevelt Counties, New Mexico; the Jonah Field in Sublette County, Wyoming; the Williston Basin in North Dakota; the Barnett Shale located in North Texas; the Hamilton Dome Field located in Hot Springs County, Wyoming; the Delhi Holt-Bryant Unit in the Delhi Field in Northeast Louisiana; as well as small overriding royalty interests in four onshore Texas wells. Visit www.evolutionpetroleum.com for more information.
Cautionary Statement
All forward-looking statements contained in this press release regarding the Company’s current and future expectations, potential results, and plans and objectives involve a wide range of risks and uncertainties. Statements herein using words such as “believe,” “expect,” “may,” “plans,” “outlook,” “should,” “will,” and words of similar meaning are forward-looking statements. Although the Company’s expectations are based on business, engineering, geological, financial, and operating assumptions that it believes to be reasonable, many factors could cause actual results to differ materially from its expectations. The Company gives no assurance that its goals will be achieved. These factors and others are detailed under the heading “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in our periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statement.
Contact
Investor Relations
(713) 935-0122
ir@evolutionpetroleum.com
| Evolution Petroleum Corporation | |||||||||||||||||||
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share amounts) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, | September 30, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||
| Revenues | |||||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil | $ | 11,763 | $ | 11,759 | $ | 14,737 | $ | 26,500 | $ | 24,375 | |||||||||
| Natural gas | 5,793 | 6,531 | 4,285 | 10,078 | 12,083 | ||||||||||||||
| Natural gas liquids | 2,719 | 2,734 | 2,874 | 5,593 | 5,167 | ||||||||||||||
| Total revenues | 20,275 | 21,024 | 21,896 | 42,171 | 41,625 | ||||||||||||||
| Operating costs | |||||||||||||||||||
| Lease operating costs | 12,793 | 12,358 | 11,790 | 24,583 | 24,241 | ||||||||||||||
| Depletion, depreciation, and accretion | 5,433 | 4,598 | 5,725 | 11,158 | 8,860 | ||||||||||||||
| General and administrative expenses | 2,654 | 2,502 | 2,527 | 5,181 | 5,105 | ||||||||||||||
| Total operating costs | 20,880 | 19,458 | 20,042 | 40,922 | 38,206 | ||||||||||||||
| Income (loss) from operations | (605 | ) | 1,566 | 1,854 | 1,249 | 3,419 | |||||||||||||
| Other income (expense) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net gain (loss) on derivative contracts | (1,219 | ) | — | 1,798 | 579 | — | |||||||||||||
| Interest and other income | 52 | 104 | 57 | 109 | 220 | ||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | (764 | ) | (34 | ) | (823 | ) | (1,587 | ) | (66 | ) | |||||||||
| Income (loss) before income taxes | (2,536 | ) | 1,636 | 2,886 | 350 | 3,573 | |||||||||||||
| Income tax (expense) benefit | 711 | (554 | ) | (821 | ) | (110 | ) | (1,017 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (1,825 | ) | $ | 1,082 | $ | 2,065 | $ | 240 | $ | 2,556 | ||||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.06 | $ | — | $ | 0.08 | ||||||||
| Diluted | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.06 | $ | — | $ | 0.08 | ||||||||
| Weighted average number of common shares outstanding: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Basic | 32,934 | 32,693 | 32,722 | 32,828 | 32,676 | ||||||||||||||
| Diluted | 32,934 | 32,900 | 32,868 | 32,994 | 32,940 | ||||||||||||||
| Evolution Petroleum Corporation | |||||
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) | |||||
| (In thousands, except share and per share amounts) | |||||
| December 31, 2024 | June 30, 2024 | ||||
| Assets | |||||
| Current assets | |||||
| Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 11,667 | $ | 6,446 | |
| Receivables from crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids revenues | 10,675 | 10,826 | |||
| Derivative contract assets | 1,073 | 596 | |||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 3,572 | 3,855 | |||
| Total current assets | 26,987 | 21,723 | |||
| Property and equipment, net of depletion, depreciation, and impairment | |||||
| Oil and natural gas properties, net—full-cost method of accounting, of which none were excluded from amortization | 131,722 | 139,685 | |||
| Other noncurrent assets | |||||
| Derivative contract assets | 250 | 171 | |||
| Other assets | 1,258 | 1,298 | |||
| Total assets | $ | 160,217 | $ | 162,877 | |
| Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity | |||||
| Current liabilities | |||||
| Accounts payable | $ | 10,771 | $ | 8,308 | |
| Accrued liabilities and other | 5,249 | 6,239 | |||
| Derivative contract liabilities | 439 | 1,192 | |||
| State and federal taxes payable | — | 74 | |||
| Total current liabilities | 16,459 | 15,813 | |||
| Long term liabilities | |||||
| Senior secured credit facility | 39,500 | 39,500 | |||
| Deferred income taxes | 6,673 | 6,702 | |||
| Asset retirement obligations | 19,993 | 19,209 | |||
| Derivative contract liabilities | 1,277 | 468 | |||
| Operating lease liability | 13 | 58 | |||
| Total liabilities | 83,915 | 81,750 | |||
| Commitments and contingencies | |||||
| Stockholders’ equity | |||||
| Common stock; par value $0.001; 100,000,000 shares authorized: issued and | |||||
| outstanding 34,076,846 and 33,339,535 shares as of December 31, 2024 | |||||
| and June 30, 2024, respectively | 34 | 33 | |||
| Additional paid-in capital | 44,140 | 41,091 | |||
| Retained earnings | 32,128 | 40,003 | |||
| Total stockholders’ equity | 76,302 | 81,127 | |||
| Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 160,217 | $ | 162,877 | |
| Evolution Petroleum Corporation | |||||||||||||||||||
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, | September 30, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from operating activities: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (1,825 | ) | $ | 1,082 | $ | 2,065 | $ | 240 | $ | 2,556 | ||||||||
| Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Depletion, depreciation, and accretion | 5,433 | 4,598 | 5,725 | 11,158 | 8,860 | ||||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 659 | 564 | 559 | 1,218 | 1,036 | ||||||||||||||
| Settlement of asset retirement obligations | (182 | ) | — | (98 | ) | (280 | ) | — | |||||||||||
| Deferred income taxes | 252 | (567 | ) | (281 | ) | (29 | ) | (642 | ) | ||||||||||
| Unrealized (gain) loss on derivative contracts | 1,368 | — | (1,868 | ) | (500 | ) | — | ||||||||||||
| Accrued settlements on derivative contracts | 9 | — | (66 | ) | (57 | ) | — | ||||||||||||
| Other | (1 | ) | 3 | (2 | ) | (3 | ) | 3 | |||||||||||
| Changes in operating assets and liabilities: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Receivables from crude oil, natural gas, and natural gas liquids revenues | 29 | 447 | (37 | ) | (8 | ) | (2,239 | ) | |||||||||||
| Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (1,494 | ) | (443 | ) | 1,929 | 435 | (274 | ) | |||||||||||
| Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other | 3,471 | 2,123 | (238 | ) | 3,233 | 2,443 | |||||||||||||
| State and federal taxes payable | — | (753 | ) | (74 | ) | (74 | ) | (365 | ) | ||||||||||
| Net cash provided by operating activities | 7,719 | 7,054 | 7,614 | 15,333 | 11,378 | ||||||||||||||
| Cash flows from investing activities: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Acquisition of oil and natural gas properties | (69 | ) | — | (262 | ) | (331 | ) | — | |||||||||||
| Capital expenditures for oil and natural gas properties | (758 | ) | (3,878 | ) | (2,740 | ) | (3,498 | ) | (5,705 | ) | |||||||||
| Net cash used in investing activities | (827 | ) | (3,878 | ) | (3,002 | ) | (3,829 | ) | (5,705 | ) | |||||||||
| Cash flows from financing activities: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Common stock dividends paid | (4,082 | ) | (4,021 | ) | (4,033 | ) | (8,115 | ) | (8,034 | ) | |||||||||
| Common stock repurchases, including stock surrendered for tax withholding | (103 | ) | (108 | ) | (88 | ) | (191 | ) | (213 | ) | |||||||||
| Issuance of common stock | 2,259 | — | — | 2,259 | — | ||||||||||||||
| Offering costs | (236 | ) | — | — | (236 | ) | — | ||||||||||||
| Net cash used in financing activities | (2,162 | ) | (4,129 | ) | (4,121 | ) | (6,283 | ) | (8,247 | ) | |||||||||
| Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents | 4,730 | (953 | ) | 491 | 5,221 | (2,574 | ) | ||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period | 6,937 | 9,413 | 6,446 | 6,446 | 11,034 | ||||||||||||||
| Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 11,667 | $ | 8,460 | $ | 6,937 | $ | 11,667 | $ | 8,460 | |||||||||
Evolution Petroleum Corporation
Non-GAAP Reconciliation – Adjusted EBITDA (Unaudited)
(In thousands)
Adjusted EBITDA and Net income (loss) and earnings per share excluding selected items are non-GAAP financial measures that are used as supplemental financial measures by our management and by external users of our financial statements, such as investors, commercial banks, and others, to assess our operating performance as compared to that of other companies in our industry, without regard to financing methods, capital structure, or historical costs basis. We use these measures to assess our ability to incur and service debt and fund capital expenditures. Our Adjusted EBITDA and Net income (loss) and earnings per share, excluding selected items, should not be considered alternatives to net income (loss), operating income (loss), cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities, or any other measure of financial performance or liquidity presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our Adjusted EBITDA and Net income (loss) and earnings per share excluding selected items may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of another company because all companies may not calculate Adjusted EBITDA and Net income (loss) and earnings per share excluding selected items in the same manner.
We define Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) plus interest expense, income tax expense (benefit), depreciation, depletion, and accretion (DD&A), stock-based compensation, ceiling test impairment, and other impairments, unrealized loss (gain) on change in fair value of derivatives, and other non-recurring or non-cash expense (income) items.
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||
| December 31, | September 30, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) | $ | (1,825 | ) | $ | 1,082 | $ | 2,065 | $ | 240 | $ | 2,556 | ||||||
| Adjusted by: | |||||||||||||||||
| Interest expense | 764 | 34 | 823 | 1,587 | 66 | ||||||||||||
| Income tax expense (benefit) | (711 | ) | 554 | 821 | 110 | 1,017 | |||||||||||
| Depletion, depreciation, and accretion | 5,433 | 4,598 | 5,725 | 11,158 | 8,860 | ||||||||||||
| Stock-based compensation | 659 | 564 | 559 | 1,218 | 1,036 | ||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss (gain) on derivative contracts | 1,368 | — | (1,868 | ) | (500 | ) | — | ||||||||||
| Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 5,688 | $ | 6,832 | $ | 8,125 | $ | 13,813 | $ | 13,535 | |||||||
| Evolution Petroleum Corporation | |||||||||||||||||||
| Non-GAAP Reconciliation – Adjusted Net Income (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per share amounts) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||
| December 31, | September 30, | December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2024 | 2023 | |||||||||||||||
| As Reported: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss), as reported | $ | (1,825 | ) | $ | 1,082 | $ | 2,065 | $ | 240 | $ | 2,556 | ||||||||
| Impact of Selected Items: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Unrealized loss (gain) on commodity contracts | 1,368 | — | (1,868 | ) | (500 | ) | — | ||||||||||||
| Selected items, before income taxes | $ | 1,368 | $ | — | $ | (1,868 | ) | $ | (500 | ) | $ | — | |||||||
| Income tax effect of selected items(1) | 384 | — | (531 | ) | (157 | ) | — | ||||||||||||
| Selected items, net of tax | $ | 984 | $ | — | $ | (1,337 | ) | $ | (343 | ) | $ | — | |||||||
| As Adjusted: | |||||||||||||||||||
| Net income (loss), excluding selected items(2) | $ | (841 | ) | $ | 1,082 | $ | 728 | $ | (103 | ) | $ | 2,556 | |||||||
| Undistributed earnings allocated to unvested restricted stock | (100 | ) | (24 | ) | (14 | ) | (178 | ) | (51 | ) | |||||||||
| Net income (loss), excluding selected items for earnings per share calculation | $ | (941 | ) | $ | 1,058 | $ | 714 | $ | (281 | ) | $ | 2,505 | |||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share — Basic, as reported | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.06 | $ | — | $ | 0.08 | ||||||||
| Impact of selected items | 0.03 | — | (0.04 | ) | (0.01 | ) | — | ||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share — Basic, excluding selected items(2) | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.02 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.08 | |||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share — Diluted, as reported | $ | (0.06 | ) | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.06 | $ | — | $ | 0.08 | ||||||||
| Impact of selected items | 0.03 | — | (0.04 | ) | (0.01 | ) | — | ||||||||||||
| Net income (loss) per common share — Diluted, excluding selected items(2)(3) | $ | (0.03 | ) | $ | 0.03 | $ | 0.02 | $ | (0.01 | ) | $ | 0.08 | |||||||
| ________________________________ | |||||||||||||||||||
| (1) The tax impact for the three months ended December 31, 2024 and September 30, 2024, is represented using estimated tax rates of 28.0% and 28.4%, respectively. The tax impact for the six months ended December 31, 2024 is represented using estimated tax rates of 31.4%. | |||||||||||||||||||
| (2) Net income (loss) and earnings per share excluding selected items are non-GAAP financial measures presented as supplemental financial measures to enable a user of the financial information to understand the impact of these items on reported results. These financial measures should not be considered an alternative to net income (loss), operating income (loss), cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities, or any other measure of financial performance or liquidity presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and earnings per share may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of another company because all companies may not calculate Adjusted Net Income (Loss) and earnings per share in the same manner. | |||||||||||||||||||
| (3) The impact of selected items for the three months ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, were each calculated based upon weighted average diluted shares of 32.9 million, due to the net income (loss), excluding selected items. The impact of selected items for the three months ended September 30, 2024, was calculated based upon weighted average diluted shares of 32.9 million due to the net income (loss), excluding selected items. The impact of selected items for the six months ended December 31, 2024, and 2023, was each calculated based upon weighted average diluted shares of 32.8 million and 32.9 million, respectively, due to the net income (loss), excluding selected items. | |||||||||||||||||||
| Evolution Petroleum Corporation | ||||||||||||||
| Supplemental Information on Oil and Natural Gas Operations (Unaudited) | ||||||||||||||
| (In thousands, except per unit and per BOE amounts) | ||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||
| December 31, | September 30, | December 31, | ||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | 2024 | 2023 | ||||||||||
| Revenues: | ||||||||||||||
| Crude oil | $ | 11,763 | $ | 11,759 | $ | 14,737 | $ | 26,500 | $ | 24,375 | ||||
| Natural gas | 5,793 | 6,531 | 4,285 | 10,078 | 12,083 | |||||||||
| Natural gas liquids | 2,719 | 2,734 | 2,874 | 5,593 | 5,167 | |||||||||
| Total revenues | $ | 20,275 | $ | 21,024 | $ | 21,896 | $ | 42,171 | $ | 41,625 | ||||
| Lease operating costs: | ||||||||||||||
| Ad valorem and production taxes | $ | 1,441 | $ | 1,272 | $ | 1,414 | $ | 2,855 | $ | 2,550 | ||||
| Gathering, transportation, and other costs | 2,889 | 2,496 | 2,790 | 5,679 | 4,399 | |||||||||
| Other lease operating costs | 8,463 | 8,590 | 7,586 | 16,049 | 17,292 | |||||||||
| Total lease operating costs | $ | 12,793 | $ | 12,358 | $ | 11,790 | $ | 24,583 | $ | 24,241 | ||||
| Depletion of full cost proved oil and natural gas properties | $ | 5,024 | $ | 4,238 | $ | 5,325 | $ | 10,349 | $ | 8,148 | ||||
| Production: | ||||||||||||||
| Crude oil (MBBL) | 179 | 159 | 204 | 383 | 320 | |||||||||
| Natural gas (MMCF) | 2,125 | 1,951 | 2,228 | 4,353 | 3,976 | |||||||||
| Natural gas liquids (MBBL) | 105 | 96 | 113 | 218 | 191 | |||||||||
| Equivalent (MBOE)(1) | 638 | 580 | 688 | 1,327 | 1,174 | |||||||||
| Average daily production (BOEPD)(1) | 6,935 | 6,304 | 7,478 | 7,212 | 6,380 | |||||||||
| Average price per unit:(2) | ||||||||||||||
| Crude oil (BBL) | $ | 65.72 | $ | 73.96 | $ | 72.24 | $ | 69.19 | $ | 76.17 | ||||
| Natural gas (MCF) | 2.73 | 3.35 | 1.92 | 2.32 | 3.04 | |||||||||
| Natural Gas Liquids (BBL) | 25.90 | 28.48 | 25.43 | 25.66 | 27.05 | |||||||||
| Equivalent (BOE)(1) | $ | 31.78 | $ | 36.25 | $ | 31.83 | $ | 31.78 | $ | 35.46 | ||||
| Average cost per unit: | ||||||||||||||
| Ad valorem and production taxes | $ | 2.26 | $ | 2.19 | $ | 2.06 | $ | 2.15 | $ | 2.17 | ||||
| Gathering, transportation, and other costs | 4.53 | 4.30 | 4.06 | 4.28 | 3.75 | |||||||||
| Other lease operating costs | 13.26 | 14.81 | 11.03 | 12.09 | 14.73 | |||||||||
| Total lease operating costs | $ | 20.05 | $ | 21.30 | $ | 17.15 | $ | 18.52 | $ | 20.65 | ||||
| Depletion of full cost proved oil and natural gas properties | $ | 7.87 | $ | 7.31 | $ | 7.74 | $ | 7.80 | $ | 6.94 | ||||
| _______________________________ | ||||||||||||||
| (1) Equivalent oil reserves are defined as six MCF of natural gas and 42 gallons of NGLs to one barrel of oil conversion ratio, which reflects energy equivalence and not price equivalence. Natural gas prices per MCF and NGL prices per barrel often differ significantly from the equivalent amount of oil. | ||||||||||||||
| (2) Amounts exclude the impact of cash paid or received on the settlement of derivative contracts since we did not elect to apply hedge accounting. | ||||||||||||||
| Evolution Petroleum Corporation | |||||||||||||||||
| Summary of Production Volumes and Average Sales Price (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
| December 31, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||
| Volume | Price | Volume | Price | Volume | Price | ||||||||||||
| Production: | |||||||||||||||||
| Crude oil (MBBL) | |||||||||||||||||
| SCOOP/STACK | 35 | $ | 70.52 | — | $ | — | 49 | $ | 75.38 | ||||||||
| Chaveroo Field | 9 | 67.55 | — | — | 16 | 73.69 | |||||||||||
| Jonah Field | 7 | 64.54 | 8 | 80.25 | 7 | 65.77 | |||||||||||
| Williston Basin | 30 | 64.64 | 35 | 71.71 | 33 | 68.87 | |||||||||||
| Barnett Shale | 2 | 65.99 | 2 | 76.77 | 2 | 70.30 | |||||||||||
| Hamilton Dome Field | 35 | 57.53 | 36 | 62.03 | 35 | 62.37 | |||||||||||
| Delhi Field | 60 | 68.66 | 78 | 79.02 | 61 | 77.22 | |||||||||||
| Other | 1 | 71.61 | — | — | 1 | 78.32 | |||||||||||
| Total | 179 | $ | 65.72 | 159 | $ | 73.96 | 204 | $ | 72.24 | ||||||||
| Natural gas (MMCF) | |||||||||||||||||
| SCOOP/STACK | 314 | $ | 2.89 | — | $ | — | 354 | $ | 2.48 | ||||||||
| Chaveroo Field | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| Jonah Field | 803 | 3.21 | 883 | 4.87 | 830 | 2.08 | |||||||||||
| Williston Basin | 18 | 1.41 | 14 | 1.91 | 27 | 1.43 | |||||||||||
| Barnett Shale | 990 | 2.31 | 1,054 | 2.10 | 1,017 | 1.62 | |||||||||||
| Total | 2,125 | $ | 2.73 | 1,951 | $ | 3.35 | 2,228 | $ | 1.92 | ||||||||
| Natural gas liquids (MBBL) | |||||||||||||||||
| SCOOP/STACK | 18 | $ | 21.34 | — | $ | — | 19 | $ | 21.67 | ||||||||
| Chaveroo Field | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||||||
| Jonah Field | 9 | 30.08 | 10 | 25.88 | 9 | 28.15 | |||||||||||
| Williston Basin | 2 | 17.86 | 4 | 20.41 | 7 | 17.93 | |||||||||||
| Barnett Shale | 57 | 25.86 | 60 | 30.07 | 56 | 26.03 | |||||||||||
| Delhi Field | 19 | 29.13 | 22 | 26.90 | 20 | 29.48 | |||||||||||
| Other | — | — | — | — | 2 | 13.06 | |||||||||||
| Total | 105 | $ | 25.90 | 96 | $ | 28.48 | 113 | $ | 25.43 | ||||||||
| Equivalent (MBOE)(1) | |||||||||||||||||
| SCOOP/STACK | 105 | $ | 35.48 | — | $ | — | 127 | $ | 39.20 | ||||||||
| Chaveroo Field | 9 | 67.55 | — | — | 16 | 73.69 | |||||||||||
| Jonah Field | 150 | 22.14 | 165 | 31.60 | 154 | 15.85 | |||||||||||
| Williston Basin | 35 | 57.00 | 41 | 63.22 | 45 | 54.62 | |||||||||||
| Barnett Shale | 224 | 17.29 | 238 | 17.61 | 227 | 14.21 | |||||||||||
| Hamilton Dome Field | 35 | 57.53 | 36 | 62.03 | 35 | 62.37 | |||||||||||
| Delhi Field | 79 | 59.37 | 100 | 67.63 | 81 | 65.28 | |||||||||||
| Other | 1 | 71.61 | — | — | 3 | 61.15 | |||||||||||
| Total | 638 | $ | 31.78 | 580 | $ | 36.25 | 688 | $ | 31.83 | ||||||||
| Average daily production (BOEPD)(1) | |||||||||||||||||
| SCOOP/STACK | 1,141 | — | 1,380 | ||||||||||||||
| Chaveroo Field | 98 | — | 174 | ||||||||||||||
| Jonah Field | 1,630 | 1,793 | 1,674 | ||||||||||||||
| Williston Basin | 380 | 446 | 489 | ||||||||||||||
| Barnett Shale | 2,435 | 2,587 | 2,467 | ||||||||||||||
| Hamilton Dome Field | 380 | 391 | 380 | ||||||||||||||
| Delhi Field | 859 | 1,087 | 880 | ||||||||||||||
| Other | 12 | — | 34 | ||||||||||||||
| Total | 6,935 | 6,304 | 7,478 | ||||||||||||||
| _____________________________ | |||||||||||||||||
| (1) Equivalent oil reserves are defined as six MCF of natural gas and 42 gallons of NGLs to one barrel of oil conversion ratio, which reflects energy equivalence and not price equivalence. Natural gas prices per MCF and NGL prices per barrel often differ significantly from the equivalent amount of oil. | |||||||||||||||||
| Evolution Petroleum Corporation | |||||||||||||||||
| Summary of Average Production Costs (Unaudited) | |||||||||||||||||
| Three Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||
| December 31, | September 30, | ||||||||||||||||
| 2024 | 2023 | 2024 | |||||||||||||||
| Amount | Price | Amount | Price | Amount | Price | ||||||||||||
| Production costs (in thousands, except per BOE): | |||||||||||||||||
| Lease operating costs | |||||||||||||||||
| SCOOP/STACK | $ | 1,050 | $ | 9.97 | $ | — | $ | — | $ | 1,156 | $ | 9.10 | |||||
| Chaveroo Field | 122 | 12.92 | — | — | 118 | 7.38 | |||||||||||
| Jonah Field | 2,196 | 14.62 | 2,392 | 14.45 | 2,162 | 13.95 | |||||||||||
| Williston Basin | 1,190 | 34.12 | 1,205 | 28.74 | 1,238 | 27.51 | |||||||||||
| Barnett Shale | 4,030 | 18.03 | 3,883 | 16.31 | 3,598 | 15.83 | |||||||||||
| Hamilton Dome Field | 1,188 | 34.18 | 1,404 | 39.43 | 1,531 | 43.48 | |||||||||||
| Delhi Field | 3,017 | 38.15 | 3,474 | 35.00 | 1,987 | 24.30 | |||||||||||
| Total | $ | 12,793 | $ | 20.05 | $ | 12,358 | $ | 21.30 | $ | 11,790 | $ | 17.15 | |||||
Evolution Petroleum Corporation
Summary of Open Derivative Contracts (Unaudited)
For more information on the Company’s hedging practices, see Note 7 to its financial statements included on Form 10-Q filed with the SEC for the quarter ended December 31, 2024.
The Company had the following open crude oil and natural gas derivative contracts as of February 11, 2025:
| Volumes in | Swap Price per | Floor Price per | Ceiling Price per | ||||||||||||
| Period | Commodity | Instrument | MMBTU/BBL | MMBTU/BBL | MMBTU/BBL | MMBTU/BBL | |||||||||
| January 2025 – March 2025 | Crude Oil | Collar | 42,566 | $ | 68.00 | $ | 73.77 | ||||||||
| January 2025 – June 2025 | Crude Oil | Fixed-Price Swap | 51,992 | $ | 73.49 | ||||||||||
| February 2025 – March 2025 | Crude Oil | Put | 3,277 | 75.00 | |||||||||||
| February 2025 – March 2025 | Crude Oil | Fixed-Price Swap | 3,278 | 71.02 | |||||||||||
| April 2025 – June 2025 | Crude Oil | Collar | 41,601 | 65.00 | 84.00 | ||||||||||
| April 2025 – December 2025 | Crude Oil | Fixed-Price Swap | 32,229 | 72.00 | |||||||||||
| July 2025 – December 2025 | Crude Oil | Fixed-Price Swap | 81,335 | 71.40 | |||||||||||
| January 2026 – March 2026 | Crude Oil | Collar | 43,493 | 60.00 | 75.80 | ||||||||||
| January 2025 – February 2025 | Natural Gas | Fixed-Price Swap | 312,286 | 3.56 | |||||||||||
| January 2025 – March 2025 | Natural Gas | Basis Swap | 305,607 | 0.66 | |||||||||||
| March 2025 – December 2026 | Natural Gas | Fixed-Price Swap | 3,170,705 | 3.60 | |||||||||||
| January 2026 – March 2026 | Natural Gas | Collar | 375,481 | 3.60 | 5.00 | ||||||||||
| April 2025 – December 2027 | Natural Gas | Fixed-Price Swap | 3,729,540 | 3.57 | |||||||||||
This press release was published by a CLEAR® Verified individual.
Source: United Nations – Geneva
The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women today concluded its consideration of the combined fifth to ninth periodic report of Belize, with Committee Experts commending the State for advancing education for women and girls, while raising questions on gender-based violence in the context of gang warfare and on access to healthcare for women and girls.
A Committee Expert commended the State party for advancing the rights of women and girls to education, including through the creation of the Belize Education Upliftment Programme launched to improve access to education for students from low-income households. Additionally, the Committee commended the State party for introducing compulsory psychosocial support sessions for children aged five and six, aimed at building their emotional intelligence, self-esteem, and positive behaviours for building relationships.
Another Expert said the pervasive gender-based violence in Belize needed to be considered in the context of high levels of insecurity, and of proliferation of firearms and their possession and use by criminal networks and armed gangs. About 65 per cent of women and girls who were murdered were victims of gender-related murders or femicide, and 50 per cent of these murders were committed with firearms. What measures would the State party undertake to guarantee quality support services for women survivors of gender-based violence? Another Expert said gang warfare had impacted many women in Belize, including putting them at risk of gender-based violence. How did the Government ensure services for gang-impacted women?
A Committee Expert said the Committee appreciated that the Government had removed all fees in public hospitals and was very impressed at the recent decision to waive all taxes on female sanitary products. Could statistics on minor girls’ pregnancies and births be provided? What did the State party plan to do to fight the phenomenon of teenage pregnancy? It was concerning that abortion was only permitted in a few circumstances. Did the State party plan to change its criminal law so women and girls could safely access services to terminate unplanned pregnancy? Could statistics on the prevalence of HIV/AIDS be provided? Was radiotherapy, including for breast cancer, still not available in the country?
The delegation said Belize was carrying out measures to tackle gun violence and drug imports, including through daily policing efforts and conducting regular border checks. There was a close connection between gangs, drugs and guns. Significant work was being done to reach out to vulnerable communities and youth, guiding them away from guns. Interventions and mediations between rival groups was carried out to enhance the security of citizens. Efforts had been made to strengthen reporting around gender-based violence and gun violence. While the data was available, there needed to be further analysis. The State would focus efforts on this.
The delegation said Belize had taken steps to address the legal and procedural barriers in women’s health services, particularly in regard to access to medical termination of pregnancy. The Government had invested over 200,000 USD in providing contraceptives. Mobile health clinics continued to be implemented within all villages. Mothers received counselling before contraceptives were provided, ensuring informed decision-making. The Government recognised the challenges faced by women in accessing comprehensive cancer care, including the lack of radiotherapy, requiring travelling abroad. Radiotherapy was not feasible for in-country infrastructure, and the Government therefore aimed to provide support and financial aid to women requiring these services. In 2023, Belize eliminated woman to child transmission of HIV and syphilis, which was a landmark medical achievement.
Introducing the report, Elvia Vega Samos, Minister of State in the Ministry of Human Development, Families and Indigenous Peoples’ Affairs of Belize and head of the delegation, said the National Gender Policy 2024–2030 represented a landmark achievement in Belize’s ongoing efforts to promote gender equality, providing a comprehensive framework addressing gender-responsive healthcare, education, economic empowerment, institutional strengthening, women’s leadership, and the elimination of gender-based violence. While these achievements demonstrated progress, challenges persisted, including constraints in adequately staffing and retaining professionals in key gender and social service sectors, as well as insufficient investments and funding.
In closing remarks, Ms. Vega Samos expressed sincere appreciation for the meaningful dialogue. Belize was proud of the progress made. However, the State recognised that challenges remained, particularly when addressing gender-based violence, inequality and the disproportionate impact of climate change.
In her closing remarks, Nahla Haidar, Committee Chair, thanked Belize for the constructive dialogue which had provided further insight into the situation of women in the country.
The delegation of Belize was comprised of representatives of the Ministry of Human Development, Families and Indigenous Peoples’ Affairs and the National Women’s Commission.
The Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women’s ninetieth session is being held from 3 to 21 February. All documents relating to the Committee’s work, including reports submitted by States parties, can be found on the session’s webpage. Meeting summary releases can be found here. The webcast of the Committee’s public meetings can be accessed via the UN Web TV webpage.
The Committee will next meet at 10 a.m. on Wednesday, 12 February to begin its consideration of the eighth periodic report of Congo (CEDAW/C/COG/8).
Report
The Committee has before it the combined fifth to ninth periodic report of Belize (CEDAW/C/BLZ/5-9).
Presentation of Report
ELVIA VEGA SAMOS, Minister of State in the Ministry of Human Development, Families and Indigenous Peoples’ Affairs of Belize and head of the delegation, said since the last review, Belize had made significant progress in advancing legal protections and rights for women and girls, including through the enactment of the National Women’s Commission Act in 2023, which formalised the Commission’s role in advancing gender equality and ensuring alignment with the principles of the Convention.
Other key pieces of legislation included the Domestic and Intimate Partner Violence (Prohibition) Act, which addressed gaps in access to justice and enhanced protections for survivors of gender-based violence; the passage of the Marriage (Amendment) Bill 2024, which raised the legal age of marriage to 18 and prohibited parental consent for minors to marry; a revised and stronger Anti-Sexual Harassment Act, which strengthened workplace protections against harassment; amendments to the Married Women’s Property Act, which expanded women’s economic rights; the Disabilities Act, which reinforced the rights of women and girls with disabilities; the Cybercrime Act 2021, which offered additional legal protections for women and girls in digital spaces; and the Trafficking in Persons (Prohibition) Act, 2013, which addressed labour and sex trafficking and forced marriage.
Belize had also acceded to the Inter-American Convention on Protecting the Human Rights of Older Persons, reinforcing its commitment to safeguarding the rights and well-being of older women.
The National Gender Policy 2024–2030 represented a landmark achievement in Belize’s ongoing efforts to promote gender equality, providing a comprehensive framework addressing gender-responsive healthcare, education, economic empowerment, institutional strengthening, women’s leadership, and the elimination of gender-based violence.
Belize had developed and implemented gender-based violence multisectoral protocols alongside the gender-based violence referral mechanism and pathway, improving collaboration among law enforcement, healthcare providers, legal aid services, and social support agencies, and ensuring more timely and effective interventions. Gender-based violence hotlines now provided 24/7 crisis assistance, using multiple modalities such as regular calls, SMS, and WhatsApp. Belize had also advanced efforts to improve gender-based violence data collection, coordination, and reporting efficiency through the integrated data collection and reporting system.
Belize continued to make progress in increasing women’s representation in leadership across various sectors, strengthening governance and fostering inclusive policies. Promoting gender parity remained a national priority. Women now accounted for 22 per cent of Belize’s National Assembly, the highest representation in the country’s history. The establishment of the Women’s Parliamentary Caucus in 2023 was a powerful step forward in creating an inclusive and equitable legislative environment, acting as a formal platform to discuss gender related issues, addressing legislative gaps, advocating for policy changes, and promoting women’s leadership.
Training programmes under the engaging men and boys initiative had fostered community dialogues and challenged harmful gender norms, supporting women’s participation in leadership roles. Women led major judicial and prosecutorial offices, including the naming of an acting female Chief Justice in 2019 and the appointment of a female Chief Justice in 2022.
The State had intensified efforts to enhance women’s economic participation through targeted initiatives and policy reforms. Over 1,000 women had received training in business strategy, digital skills, and entrepreneurship through initiatives like the Belize Women’s Economic Empowerment Project. The Decent Work Country Programme, launched in 2024, focused on women’s economic empowerment through skills training, labour rights awareness, and access to financial resources. Programmes such as BOOST (Building Opportunities for our Social Transformation) addressed multidimensional poverty and supported female-headed households through targeted cash transfers and vocational training.
Belize had made strides in integrating gender-sensitive approaches into education, including introducing a Science, Technology, Engineering, Arts, and Math Academy to encourage girls’ participation in high-income careers. Comprehensive sexuality education had been integrated into the National Health Curriculum to address social norms and promote gender equality, and programmes targeting school dropout rates among girls due to early pregnancies or child marriage had been initiated, ensuring continuity in education for young mothers.
While these achievements demonstrated progress, challenges persisted, including constraints in adequately staffing and retaining professionals in key gender and social service sectors, as well as insufficient investments and funding. Gender-based violence remained prevalent, with Belize recording a five per cent increase in domestic violence cases in 2023. The National Gender-Based Violence Action Plan and its accompanying behavioural change communication campaign, “it ends with me,” aimed to challenge harmful norms and reduce violence against women and girls.
As a small island developing State, Belize faced disproportionate impacts of climate change, which heightened vulnerabilities for women, particularly in rural and indigenous communities. The National Climate Change Gender Action Plan addressed these intersecting challenges, promoting resilience and adaptation strategies. Indigenous women, women with disabilities, and lesbian, gay bisexual, transgender and intersex persons faced compounded barriers to accessing justice, healthcare, and economic opportunities. Initiatives like the Essential Services Package for Women Subject to Violence ensured holistic support for marginalised groups.
The Government of Belize remained steadfast in its dedication to fully realising gender equality. The roadmap for the future included expanding access to gender-responsive social services; enhancing data systems to ensure evidence-based policymaking; strengthening partnerships with civil society, development partners, and international organizations; advocating for removing of cultural and structural barriers that hindered women’s full participation; promoting initiatives targeting young women and girls; and strengthening the legislative framework. Ms. Vega Samos reaffirmed Belize’s commitment to the Convention and welcomed the Committee’s recommendations.
Questions by Committee Experts
RHODA REDDOCK, Committee Vice-Chair and Country Rapporteur for Belize, said the dialogue was taking place in a context of extensive gang and gun violence linked to narco-trafficking which affected Belize and the wider Caribbean and Central America. What had been the implications of this for women’s rights and gender equality, and what were the State’s efforts in this regard? In 1990, Belize signed and ratified the Convention and in 2002, it acceded to its Optional Protocol, one of only three Caribbean Community (CARICOM) countries to do so. Unfortunately, there were reservations on articles 8 and 9, which removed access to the inquiry mechanism of the Optional Protocol, reducing its efficacy for Belizean women and Girls. Would the State party reconsider the reservations on articles 8 and 9 of the Optional Protocol to ensure the expansion of rights for Belizean women and girls?
Ms. Reddock commended the State party on developments since the last dialogue in 2007, including the 2011 amendment of the Labour Act Ch 297 to protect workers from unfair dismissal and unequal treatment due to pregnancy, HIV status, or filing a sexual harassment complaint; the 2013 Criminal Code amendments to strengthen penalties for sexual crimes; the 2016 decriminalisation of same sex unions; and in April 2023 – a waiver of general sales tax on feminine hygiene products, which was very important. However, the Committee remained concerned, at the lack of implementation of many of the important laws and mechanisms.
What mechanisms were in place to monitor and evaluate impact, and report on progress in the implementation of the new laws and mechanisms? In 2023, Belize enacted the Legal Aid Act to ensure legal assistance to improve access to justice. What was its implementation status?
Were there plans to domesticate the Convention into local legislation to ensure the applicability of all its provisions? Did the State party plan to incorporate indigenous rights into the Constitution or specific national legislation? Ms. Reddock commended the State party on the 2018 Gender Equality Protocol for Judicial Officers, and efforts to enhance the capacity of Magistrates Courts and the Family Court to enhance protection for women and girls. What had been the impact of these new legal mechanisms in improving access to justice for women and girls in rural and urban communities?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said Belize retained its reservations to articles 8 and 9 but recognised the importance of accessing mechanisms for redress. Where allegations arose concerning the matters covered under the Convention, the State held that mechanisms could be established to ensure due process and accountability, within the country’s legal framework.
The National Women’s Commission provided ongoing education and support to women and girls. It also encompassed workshops, roundtables and community affairs. Special legal clinics were held twice a year targeting vulnerable populations.
As part of the process of the implementation of the laws, the National Women’s Commission was positioned as the policy and advisory arm in this regard and was supporting in terms of the implementation. The Commission took the lead in terms of advocacy and promoting the acts. There were also national gender and gender-based violence committees, comprised of members of Governments, non-governmental organizations and other partners, that also provided advocacy support and advice on the implementation of the laws. The State understood that more needed to be done to improve the monitoring and reporting in this regard.
Questions by Committee Experts
A Committee Expert congratulated Belize on the steps taken to transform the National Women’s Commission into an independent body, as well as steps taken to improve the Sub-Committees. What percentage of the budget of the institutions was covered from the regular budget of the State party, and what percentage depended on external financing? What steps were being taken to guarantee the participation of indigenous women in the drafting and assessment of policies which concerned them? When would Belize have a national human rights institution in place which was in line with the Paris Principles?
Another Expert said women faced persistent challenges during the reporting period, regarding the electoral process. The 2021 municipal elections marked significant progress with 22 per cent of female members of parliament, but this was far below the level of parity. When would the State party impose a gender quota for increasing the political participation of women? Would the State party consider adopting temporary special measures to increase access to education for rural women and girls?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said 60 per cent of the budget of the National Women’s Commission was provided by the Government while 40 per cent was provided by external funding. A roadmap had been approved for transforming the Office of the Ombudsman into the National Human Rights Institution, which was currently under implementation. There was no specific timeline, but a process was underway to expand the mandate of the Ombudsman and ensure the sustainability of the Human Rights Commission. A Committee, consisting of representatives of the Government, civil society, and academic and international partners was monitoring this process. The Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights had offered technical capacity building in this regard.
Belize had a Women’s Parliamentary Caucus with a strategic plan. The State would continue to undertake advocacy and ensure changes were made to ensure more women were involved in politics at the higher level.
Questions by Committee Experts
A Committee Expert said research showed that half of the women in Belize experienced violence at some point in their life. Early marriages and unions still existed as a harmful practice. How would the State party ensure the monitoring of measures of tackling harmful gender stereotypes and cultural practices? The State party was commended for legislation and policy measures to combat gender-based violence. Despite these important steps, women and girls continued to be the main victims of both domestic and sexual violence, with 99 per cent of the victims of sexual violence being females.
The pervasive gender-based violence in Belize needed to be considered in the context of high levels of insecurity, and of proliferation of firearms and their possession and use by criminal networks and armed gangs. About 65 per cent of women and girls who were murdered were victims of gender-related murders or femicide, and 50 per cent of these murders were committed with firearms. What measures would the State party undertake to guarantee quality support services for women survivors of gender-based violence? Did the State party provide support to women’s non-governmental organizations which provided these services? How many shelters existed?
Was the practice of mobile women’s centres maintained? How many centres were available in rural and indigenous communities? What programmes were in place for controlling and eliminating the provision of weapons? What was the timeline for explicitly including the crime of femicide within the Penal Code?
Another Expert commended the State party for legal reforms in trafficking; however, no new prosecutions had been enacted within the last two years. What would be done to improve judicial efficiency? How would the State party ensure adequate sentencing in line with the severity of the crime? What was the timeline for the implementation of the National Action Plan on Trafficking? Would the State party allocate adequate resources to shelters for victim assistance?
Could information be provided on the new labour policy? What was being done to provide oversight on labour recruitment? How would Belize enhance victim identification and screening processes, including in groups such as Cuban medical workers? What actions did the State party take to address the trafficking and exploitation of Mayan girls? What was being done to prevent the sexual exploitation of children in tourist regions? How was the Government addressing the involvement of international actors in these crimes? What measures was the Government taking to address the underground nature of sex trafficking since the pandemic?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said the engagement of the men and boys programme began in 2020 and involved men and boys as advocates. Men from all facets of society were trained all over the country, including from indigenous populations. Around 1,000 men and boys had been trained, and many more had expressed willingness to be involved in the programme. Uniformed services participated in the training and masculinity and femininity were key components of the training programme. The State was aiming to establish a national shelter strategy to cater to the different types of shelters necessary, to provide short- and long-term care, including emergency services.
The work of the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Council had been to strengthen overall operations and ability to convict. There had not been programmes which strategically targeted vulnerable groups. However, campaigns were being promulgated in rural and hard-to-reach areas to support victims and survivors.
In 2023 and 2024, there were 10 women killed as a result of femicide. The State needed a multisectoral analysis approach; this was currently a weak area which needed to be improved.
Gender training was provided at the Police Academy as part of the training requirements for police.
Questions by Committee Experts
A Committee Expert said the number of women candidates at the last elections was very low, at 14.8 per cent. In view of the upcoming elections this year, were there any concrete measures planned to increase the number of women in parliament? What were the plans and strategies of the Women’s Parliamentary Caucus? How was it resourced?
The high number of women working in the judiciary in Belize was impressive and should be seen as an example for other countries. The current Governor-General of Belize was a woman; the first indigenous governor-general from the Americas in the Commonwealth. The Committee also welcomed the new gender policy which looked to advance women in politics and government. What measures were being taken to implement goal number five of the gender policy? Who was responsible for implementing the activity? How would the Government strengthen women’s advocacy groups? Could more information be provided about the representation of women, including indigenous women, in Belize’s diplomatic services? What was the percentage of women running in the 2025 elections?
Another Expert asked how stateless determination procedures were implemented in Belize? What kind of advocacy programmes were being developed in regard to birth registration? What plans were there to enhance birth registration processes, particularly for migrant women?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said the implementation of the gender policy was the responsibility of all organizations which provided gender and gender-based violence services. The National Women’s Commission was responsible for the monitoring of the gender policy. Advocacy groups continued to be a treasured partner of the Government and were included in the trainings and in areas where legislation would be passed. Two indigenous forums had been hosted by women and girls to determine areas which needed improvement. Access to health, affordability of health care services and education were key issues which continued to be raised.
There had been a lot of work relating to birth registration, with key international partners, and numerous mobile clinics rolled out in this regard. In 2023, thousands of births were documented because of the mobile units. There had been a good uptake in the clinics to ensure there were no barriers in terms of access for indigenous persons due to language.
Thirty rural communities had benefitted from registration campaigns. Special efforts were made to reach indigenous and Mayan communities and migrant populations. There was a strong network on the ground for people who required support.
Questions by a Committee Expert
A Committee Expert commended the State party for advancing the rights of women and girls to education, including through the creation of the Belize Education Upliftment Programme launched to improve access to education for students from low-income households. Additionally, the Committee commended the State party for introducing compulsory psychosocial support sessions for children aged five and six, aimed at building their emotional intelligence, self-esteem, and positive behaviours for building relationships.
What concrete actions was the State party taking to increase enrolment rates and address teen pregnancies in schools. What was being done to support the physical and mental wellbeing of adolescent mothers to support their re-enrolment in school? Could information about the school meal programme be provided? How were nutritional standards being introduced in schools? How was it ensured that nutritious meals were provided at schools? How did the State party ensure the physical and mental safety of girls at school, as well as in the online sphere?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said the State was committed to ensuring the continuation of education for all, including girls who became pregnant. The “lead like a girl” forum occurred every year, involving 100 high schools around the country whose students competed in challenges, before launching the “lead like a girl” pledge. Efforts were being made to provide nutritious meal options in schools. There was a zero-tolerance approach to bullying within the school environment and continued efforts were in place to strengthen legislation in this regard.
The child marriage and early union strategy was in place, and a data profile had been developed to understand the state of this phenomenon within the country. The Marriage Act had been amended to increase the age of marriage from 16 to 18. Specific institutional policies were being developed for schools in line with the Convention on the Rights of the Child, and community education was promoted.
Recently, a master’s degree in social work had been launched from the University of Belize, and other approaches for strengthening social work were also in progress.
Questions by a Committee Expert
A Committee Expert commended the State party for its progress in labour and employment, including a decline in the unemployment rate and an increase in the minimum wage across all categories. However, persistent gender disparities remained in the labour force, with women’s participation at around 43 per cent compared to men’s 69 per cent, largely due to domestic and care giving responsibilities. Could the State party elaborate on the decent work programme? What strategies were in place to increase female workforce participation? What measures had been implemented to challenge gender norms which designated unpaid domestic work as a woman’s responsibility?
What was the current status of the equal opportunities bill and what were the next steps for its advancement? What was being done to enhance the national health insurance system? Was the State party considering accession to the International Labour Organization Convention 189? What specific measures were being implemented to accelerate the reduction of the gender pay gap? The Committee welcomed the new sexual harassment bill endorsed by the Cabinet in 2024. What was its current status and what mechanisms were in place for its implementation?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said there was a particular focus on vulnerable women, and all efforts within the Ministry had been mobilised in that direction. There was only a small percent of people covered by social security schemes, and the State was aiming to increase participation through targeted outreach and involvement in the social protection scheme. Two cohorts had been tested and piloted which were inclusive of direct training and employment services. The State was aiming to include elements such as free or subsided day care as part of the services provided.
There was increased access to education and skills training for women, particularly those in rural and indigenous areas. The State was looking at financial incentives for female entrepreneurs to decrease their dependence on low paying jobs. Environmental and social safeguards were being put in place to cater to indigenous communities and their livelihoods.
Questions by a Committee Expert
A Committee Expert said the Committee appreciated that the Government had removed all fees in public hospitals and was very impressed at the recent decision to waive all taxes on female sanitary products. Could statistics on minor girls’ pregnancies and births be provided? What did the State party plan to do to fight the phenomenon of teenage pregnancy? It was concerning that abortion was only permitted in a few circumstances. Did the State party plan to change its criminal law that so women and girls could safely access services to terminate unplanned pregnancy?
Were contraceptives subsidised by the State? If so, which ones and to what extent? What awareness campaigns were planned to enhance safe reproduction health literacy in Belize, especially to address issues such as unsafe abortion and sexually transmitted diseases? Could statistics on the prevalence of HIV/AIDS be provided? Was radiotherapy, including for breast cancer, still not available in the country? What steps were being taken to address maternal mortality? What were the main challenges in ensuring equitable access to health care services for elderly women?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said Belize had taken steps to address the legal and procedural barriers in women’s health services, particularly in regard to access to medical termination of pregnancy. It was important to ensure parents, individuals and schools received the required information, and that contraception was accessible. The Government had invested over 200,000 USD in providing contraceptives. Mobile health clinics continued to be used within all villages. Mothers received counselling before contraceptives were provided, ensuring informed decision-making. Additional measures were being taken to improve the emergency response for survivors of sexual violence.
The Government recognised the challenges faced by women in accessing comprehensive cancer care, including the lack of radiotherapy, requiring travelling abroad. Radiotherapy was not feasible for in-country infrastructure, and the Government therefore aimed to provide support and financial aid to women requiring these services. There were oncology centres in different parts of the country. Human papillomavirus screening was available to women aged 30 to 49 and human papillomavirus vaccines were administered to adolescents, reducing the risk of cervical cancer to future generations.
An estimated 3,700 people were living with HIV in Belize, with the majority of them being males. In 2023, Belize eliminated woman to child transmission of HIV and syphilis, which was a landmark medical achievement.
When a pregnancy posed a risk to the life of the woman, medical termination was legally allowed. It was also allowed to preserve the mental and physical health of the woman, in cases of rape or incest, and in cases of foetal abnormality. Abortion was an area which was under consideration by the Government.
Questions by Committee Experts
A Committee Expert said the Committee welcomed the revised national gender policy, and its establishment of five priority areas. Was there gender-awareness training for loan officers? What training had been undertaken to increase women’s financial literacy? What social protections existed for self-employed women? What measures existed to ensure girls and women in rural areas enjoyed equal opportunity to participate in sports recreationally and professionally?
Another Expert said Belize contributed less than 0.001 per cent of global emissions, and was a model of the blue economy, which should be congratulated. What was the leadership role of women in the sustainable use of oceans, including women scientists in marine biology? Gang warfare had impacted many women in Belize, including putting them at risk of gender-based violence. How did the Government ensure services for gang-impacted women? How were the laws of gender-based violence made culturally specific for rural women?
What was the policy of Mayan women’s consent for companies to operate on Mayan land? The Mayans of Toledo lived in close proximity to land where logging had been permitted. What efforts was the State party taking to secure the land rights of the Mayan women? How many female sex workers were incarcerated? Would the State consider decriminalising prostitution? It was hoped that the State would consider some of the archaic language used in certain laws. What was the timeframe for the adoption of the Older Persons Act?
RHODA REDDOCK, Vice-Chair and Country Rapporteur for Belize, asked if there was recognition of the special needs of women in detention, particularly regarding childbirth? Would the State consider implementing the Bangkok Rules?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said Belize’s investment and climate action plan aimed at addressing several financial barriers for female entrepreneurs, particularly in rural areas. Measures taken included mentorship programmes, capacity building initiatives, and financial literacy training. The plan mandated that 50 per cent of the training budgets be allocated to women entrepreneurs. The programme also encouraged financial institutions to increase small and medium enterprise lending. These measures collectively aimed to level the playing field, enabling women to access and maximise credit resources for sustainable business success.
The sports policy for 2025 highlighted areas in the expansion of sports, but the investment in women’s infrastructure needed to be reflected, including support for female athletes and the prevention of gender-based violence in sports. Part of the work of indigenous peoples’ affairs was to ensure that the consent of Mayan women was provided. The social policy took aging into consideration.
Belize was carrying out measures to tackle gun violence and drug imports, including through daily policing efforts and conducting regular border checks. There was a close connection between gangs, drugs and guns, and significant work was being carried out to reach out to vulnerable communities and youth, guiding them away from guns. Interventions and mediations between rival groups was carried out to enhance the security of citizens.
Belize had embraced the 30 per cent quotas but the Government now needed to implement these. It was hoped the State would eventually reach fifty-fifty parity. It was currently on paper, but the tangible changes were not yet being seen.
Efforts had been made to strengthen reporting around gender-based violence and gun violence. While the data was available, there needed to be further analysis. The State would focus efforts on this.
The State would look at the Bangkok Rules as an additional standard which could also be pursued.
Questions by a Committee Expert
A Committee Expert commended Belize for the steps taken to finetune its legal framework in the sphere of family relationships, including the new law on family and childhood and the new law on married persons. What were the most significant proposals contained in these draft laws? In what way did judges incorporate a gender perspective in cases of family violence? Were there any limitations based on women in care work when it came to inheriting from their deceased husbands?
What was being done to eradicate early and de facto unions? How was the Government engaging with ethnicities in rural areas in this regard? Would the State recognise same sex marriages and de facto unions going forward? What was being done with the general public, particularly men, to raise awareness about early unions?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said Belize had recently increased the age of marriage to 18, with no exceptions. The courts looked at the best interests of the child, and ensured there was engagement of both parents in their parental ability, and also took into account the risk of harm to the child. There had been some recent work done in terms of inheritance and division of assets. Recognising same sex marriages was part of the continued work being undertaken by the Government. The child marriage and early union strategy aimed to work with young people to understand the implications of early unions, and the type of support available for them.
The State had engaged pastors and leaders when drawing up the child marriage bill, as they had been the ones responsible for marrying young girls. It was one thing to change the law, but another to change hearts and minds. The Government was striving to implement educational strategies, using the media, social media and posters, to foster behavioural change.
Closing Remarks
ELVIA VEGA SAMOS, Minister of State in the Ministry of Human Development, Families and Indigenous Peoples’ Affairs of Belize and head of the delegation, expressed sincere appreciation for the meaningful dialogue. Belize was proud of the progress made. However, the State recognised that challenges remained, particularly when addressing gender-based violence, inequality and the disproportionate impact of climate change. The journey towards gender equality was ongoing, and Ms. Vega Samos thanked all those who had assisted Belize so far in strengthening human rights.
NAHLA HAIDAR, Committee Chair, thanked Belize for the constructive dialogue which had provided further insight into the situation of women in the country.
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CEDAW25.007E
Source: United Nations – Geneva
The Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights today concluded its review of the second periodic report of Croatia under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, with Committee Experts commending the State’s law and national action plan against discrimination, and raising issues concerning reported exploitation of migrant workers and the social benefit scheme.
Karla Vanessa Lemus de Vásquez, Committee Expert and Lead Member of the Taskforce on Croatia, welcomed Croatia’s law against discrimination and the national action plan on combatting discrimination and protecting human rights.
Joo-Young Lee, Committee Expert and Member of the Taskforce on Croatia, said migrant workers in Croatia were particularly vulnerable to poor working conditions, including non-payment for work, and failure to provide breaks or employment contracts. What measures had been taken to address labour exploitation of migrant workers?
Ms. Lee also cited reports that social assistance benefits were inadequate and often not sufficient to cover the cost of living. What measures had the State party taken to address this? Why had the number of beneficiaries decreased recently, and why did some regions require recipients of benefits to participate in community service?
Ivan Vidiš, State Secretary, Ministry of Labour, Pension System, Family and Social Policy of Croatia and head of the delegation, introducing the report, said that the State party was proud of the reforms underway in Croatia. In early 2023, Croatia joined the Schengen area, and the euro was introduced as a national currency.
Mr. Vidiš said the National Plan for the Protection and Promotion of Human Rights and Anti-Discrimination for the period up to 2027 was adopted to ensure coordinated action by State administration bodies in the field of human rights protection and anti-discrimination, and to raise awareness of equality.
On protections for migrant workers, Mr. Vidiš said labour legislation provided for third-country nationals legally working in Croatia to have the same rights as national workers, and the new Act on Combatting Undeclared Work obliged the employer to pay six months of salary to unregistered workers as well as a fine.
On the social benefit scheme, the delegation said the number of recipients of the guaranteed minimum benefit had been dropping recently, in line with the reduction in unemployment. The benefit had been increased three times in recent years, and the State party had developed a new Social Welfare Act that would increase the minimum social benefit. The Act would also allow for persons to be excused from community service activities if they were unable to participate.
In concluding remarks, Ms. Lemus de Vásquez thanked the delegation for the information shared, which provided insight into the progress achieved and measures planned to give effect to the Covenant in Croatia. The Committee’s aim was to ensure the full realisation of economic, social and cultural rights for all persons in Croatia.
Mr. Vidiš, in his concluding remarks, said Croatia was passionate about its work, open about its challenges, and determined to address them. Economic, social and cultural rights were the cornerstone of the State party’s efforts. Mr. Vidiš thanked the Committee for its constructive approach to the dialogue.
In her concluding remarks, Laura-Maria Craciunean-Tatu, Committee Chair, thanked the delegation for the open and constructive way in which it had participated in the dialogue. The Committee hoped that Croatia would address the Committee’s forthcoming recommendations with a constructive spirit.
The delegation of Croatia was comprised of representatives from the Ministry of Labour, Pension System, Family and Social Policy; Ministry of Physical Planning, Construction and State Property; Ministry of Science, Education and Youth; Office for Human Rights and Rights of National Minorities; Ministry of Finance; Croatian Employment Service; Ministry of the Interior; Ministry of Health; Ministry of Environmental Protection and Green Transition; Ministry of Foreign and European Affairs; Ministry of Justice, Public Administration and Digital Transformation; and the Permanent Mission of Croatia to the United Nations Office at Geneva.
The Committee’s seventy-seventh session is being held until 28 February 2025. All documents relating to the Committee’s work, including reports submitted by States parties, can be found on the session’s webpage. Webcasts of the meetings of the session can be found here, and meetings summaries can be found here.
The Committee will next meet in public at 3 p.m. on Wednesday, 12 February to begin its consideration of the fifth periodic report of Peru (E/C.12/PER/5).
Report
The Committee has before it the second periodic report of Croatia (E/C.12/HRV/2).
Presentation of Report
IVAN VIDIŠ, State Secretary, Ministry of Labour, Pension System, Family and Social Policy of Croatia and head of the delegation, said that the State party was proud of the reforms underway in Croatia. In early 2023, Croatia joined the Schengen area, and the euro was introduced as a national currency. As part of the European Economic Area, Croatia was exposed to inflationary developments caused the pandemic and then the war in Ukraine. The Government intervened to a limited extent in energy prices and provided seven aid packages, all with the aim of protecting particularly vulnerable population groups.
The National Plan for the Protection and Promotion of Human Rights and Anti-Discrimination for the period up to 2027 was adopted to ensure coordinated action by State administration bodies in the field of human rights protection and anti-discrimination, and to raise awareness of equality.
The State party had implemented a series of measures to strengthen workers’ rights. The new Act on Combatting Undeclared Workers provided strict measures for employers who did not declare workers, including giving such workers the right to be registered and receive pay, pension and health insurance for the last six months, and foreign workers had access to the same protections as national workers. Active employment policy measures had resulted in a historically low number of unemployed people. Unemployment benefits had been increased and amendments had also been made to the labour legislation, laying down provisions on work through digital labour platforms and limiting the use of fixed-term contracts.
In 2024, the salaries of civil servants and public service employees financed from the State budget were reformed towards a more transparent and fairer system. The remuneration system for judges and prosecutors had also been revised to ensure that they could work smoothly and independently. The minimum wage was constantly increasing and had almost doubled compared to 2019.
To promote the social inclusion of vulnerable groups, the Government had provided increased rights and coverage for these groups in the Social Welfare Act and adopted the inclusive benefit, which significantly improved living standards. Further, the State party had implemented measures to support elderly people.
A new national plan for protection against violence against women and domestic violence, covering the period up to 2028, was under development. As part of this plan, in 2024, a package of regulations dedicated to combatting violence against women and domestic violence entered into force, which included amendments to the Criminal Code, the Criminal Procedure Code, and the Act on Protection from Domestic Violence. The legislative package tightened sentencing and strengthened protective measures for victims. The revised Criminal Code introduced a definition of “gender-based violence against women” that was in line with the Istanbul Convention and a new criminal offence of femicide.
There were 123,000 foreign workers in Croatia. The State party had introduced legislation to combat undeclared work, and existing labour legislation provided for third-country nationals legally working in Croatia to have the same rights as national workers.
After the 2020 earthquakes, many public facilities had been renovated, and multi-dwelling buildings and family replacement houses were being built. To ensure the availability of housing, especially for young families, Croatia’s first national housing policy plan up to 2030 had been drawn up. At the end of 2024, the Government adopted a programme for the construction and renovation of housing units in assisted areas to help young people and families access housing and to encourage population growth in these areas.
Significant measures had also been taken over the last three years to strengthen the free legal aid system. A call for funding for projects to provide primary legal aid was launched for a three-year period from 2023 to 2025. Funding for projects increased by 100 per cent in 2023.
Croatia expressed its strong commitment to the realisation of the human rights enshrined in the Covenant, demonstrated by its achievement of a high level of human rights protection.
Questions by a Committee Expert
KARLA VANESSA LEMUS DE VÁSQUEZ, Committee Expert, Country Rapporteur and Lead Member of the Taskforce on Croatia, asked about the number of cases in which the Covenant was invoked in domestic courts. What was the domestic legal status of the treaty bodies’ observations? Did Croatia plan to adopt the Optional Protocol? How had the legislature and civil society participated in implementing the Committee’s previous concluding observations and in drafting the State party’s reports? Did the State party have a national follow-up mechanism to coordinate follow-up activities?
Croatia had great potential, considering its location, resources and human capital. However, the State party was reportedly overdependent on the tourism industry, which hampered the productivity of businesses. What measures were in place to increase the productivity of the private sector and reduce dependence on tourism? Were there measures in place to build workers’ capacities?
Croatia did not have a national action plan on business and human rights and due diligence regulations were not sufficient. What measures had the State party implemented to transpose the European Union directive on due diligence into national law? What measures were in place to ensure due diligence in the private sector and to help victims of human rights violations to access justice?
Croatia had received low grades in greenhouse gas emissions, energy usage, and climate policy in a recent review. Would Croatia be able to meet its climate commitments for 2030 and 2050? What were the main challenges in this regard? How would the State party rapidly cut greenhouse gas emissions? What plans were in place to eradicate subsidies for fossil fuels and to reallocate funds to renewable energy?
Official development assistance represented 0.2 per cent of gross domestic product, well below the 0.7 per cent recommended by the United Nations. Were there plans to increase the budget allocated to such assistance in the next few years?
The Committee welcomed the law against discrimination and the national action plan on combatting discrimination and protecting human rights. Had the 2024 and 2025 plans been implemented and to what extent?
The Roma had been facing discrimination regarding access to housing and healthcare in Croatia. What progress had been made in combatting hate crimes against the Roma and in implementing the national action plan on inclusion of the Roma? What measures were in place to address the gender gap in participation in the labour market and to combat stereotypes against women in the private sector? Were there any wage equality measures in place?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said Croatia had one of the highest growth rates for gross domestic product in the European Union, at 3.6 per cent. The State party had been using European Union funds to increase skills for around 140,000 citizens. Judicial experts and judges had received training on the Covenant. Croatia was working to continuously train public officers on human rights, particularly the rights of the Roma and vulnerable women and girls.
Discussion on signing the Optional Protocol was ongoing, with public consultations being carried out. If stakeholders found that the Optional Protocol was relevant to Croatia, the State party would launch ratification procedures.
Croatia had working groups for developing legislation that included experts from line ministries and civil society representatives. Analyses were carried out to determine areas where legislation needed to be aligned with international law and the recommendations of treaty bodies.
Croatia had a strong tourism industry due to its location and natural and cultural heritage. The Government was promoting sustainable tourism, implementing accommodation and environmental policies to regulate development in the sector. There were around 270,000 pieces of property used for short-term renting to tourists. New regulations addressed this, encouraging owners to provide long-term rental schemes and permanent housing.
The State party was working on reforming vocational training to increase its availability, quality and relevance, and reduce school dropouts. A new modular curriculum had been developed to allow students to engage in work experience activities.
The new national action plan on the inclusion of the Roma covered the period of 2021 to 2027. Around 57 per cent of financing programmes were in the education field. The Government was also working on policies promoting access to healthcare and improved quality of life for the Roma population.
Croatia was a part of the European Union’s ambitious climate policy, which aimed to make Europe climate neutral by 2050. Under this policy, Croatia was working to reduce dependence on fossil fuels. The national strategy on low carbon development and the national energy and climate plan had been developed to guide efforts to achieve climate objectives. The plan included a measure for gradually abolishing subsidies for fossil fuels. The State party had been monitoring national emissions using a database on emissions.
Croatia’s gender employment gap, at 11.4 per cent, was lower than the European Union average. Wage transparency policies were helping the State to achieve equal pay for equal work. Measures had been developed to support access to employment for women in rural areas and women over the age of 50.
There had been a spike in hate crimes following the increase in foreign workers in the State party. To combat this, the Government had developed educational measures to promote the integration of foreign workers in society.
Croatia was this year preparing to transpose the European Union directive on due diligence. The national action plan on responsible businesses, which was being drafted by experts, aimed to support the implementation of the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights.
Follow-Up Questions by Committee Experts
Committee Experts asked follow-up questions on measures implemented to bolster the capacity of the Ombudswoman’s office to ensure that it could carry out its mandate; the composition of bodies monitoring the implementation of treaty body recommendations; plans to address challenges related to disparities in regional development; the legal status of the Covenant in domestic legislation; measures to address unequal distribution of free legal aid services across the country; plans to broaden awareness raising activities on economic, social and cultural rights; and whether the State party planned to draft national action plans on human rights protections.
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said that in Croatia, the Covenant had legal status and was directly applicable. Public tender was provided to legal clinics to facilitate the provision of free legal aid across the State. Funds for free legal aid were increased by 100 per cent in 2023 and by a further 30 per cent in 2024. Transport fees were paid by the State when persons needed to travel more than 60 kilometres to attend courts.
The salary system for the civil service had been reformed, including salaries for staff of the Ombudswoman’s Office. On average, salaries for civil servants had been increased by around 30 per cent. The budget for the Office had increased gradually since 2022.
The Ministry of Labour, Pension System and Social Policy had a special service coordinating the implementation of the Covenant and other international documents. Policies related to implementation were discussed with representatives of trade unions and civil society.
The Federal Government was pursuing fiscal decentralisation and providing local and regional governments with funding to be used in regional development projects. It sought to address gaps between less and more developed regions.
The Social Housing Fund encouraged the population to live and work in rural areas, and a new programme on the construction of housing for young people focused on housing developments in rural areas.
The new national action plan on human rights had been prepared but was currently being discussed in the Government. The former plan was still in force. National action plans on combatting trafficking in persons, promoting the inclusion of the Roma, and fighting discrimination were also being implemented.
Questions by a Committee Expert
JOO-YOUNG LEE, Committee Expert and Member of the Taskforce for Croatia, said that the State party had implemented employment policy measures focusing on the integration of vulnerable people into the labour market. What impact had those measures had? What was the trend in rates of young people who were not in employment, education or training over the last five years?
What measures were in place to address the discrimination and prejudice faced by Roma persons in the workplace? The disability employment gap was around 23 per cent as of 2023, related to a lack of reasonable accommodation measures. How was the State party promoting the inclusion of persons with disabilities in the workplace?
The Committee noted legislation addressing unregistered, unpaid and precarious work, but such work remained prevalent in the State party. Migrant workers were particularly vulnerable to poor working conditions, including non-payment for work, and failure to provide breaks or employment contracts. What were the root causes of labour exploitation of migrant workers and what measures had been taken to address them? How was the State party working to improve the capacity of public officials to uphold migrant workers’ rights and impose appropriate sanctions on persons who violated those rights?
Social assistance benefits were reportedly inadequate and often not sufficient to cover the cost of living. What measures had the State party taken to address this? Why had the number of beneficiaries decreased recently? What budget had been devoted to social benefits in the last five years? What measures had been implemented to improve social services for persons with disabilities, older persons, and persons living in rural areas?
The “at risk of poverty” rate was around 42 per cent in Croatia. This was reportedly due to strict requirements limiting access to unemployment benefits. How did the State party ensure that unemployed persons did not fall into poverty?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said the State party provided educational and training support to unemployed persons. Several hundreds of persons had found employment through the Government’s on-the-job training programme.
Legislative changes and State-funded support centres had led to an increase in the registration of persons with disabilities and their inclusion in the labour market. The unemployment rate for persons with disabilities was currently at a record low level. The Government financed up to two-thirds of the salaries of persons with disabilities, including self-employed persons, and financed the adaption of workplaces to the needs of persons with disabilities. The employment rate of persons with disabilities had increased by 70 per cent in recent years.
The new Act on Combatting Undeclared Work obliged the employer to pay six months of salary to unregistered workers as well as a fine of 2,600 euros. There was a public register of employers that had employed unregistered workers.
The Government also had a register of persons who were not in employment, education or training. It was planning programmes to involve these persons in education or the labour market. Only 13 per cent of young people were currently unemployed, down from a historic high of around 50 per cent. Croatia had removed many restrictions related to accessing unemployment benefits.
Foreign workers received materials informing them of their rights to State services, including health care, unemployment benefits and complaints mechanisms. The Government supported foreign workers to learn the Croatian language.
The guaranteed minimum benefit was provided to persons who did not have basic sustenance. More than 40,000 persons received this benefit. The number of recipients had been dropping in recent years, in line with the reduction in unemployment. The benefit had been increased three times in recent years, and there were plans to increase it further, along with other benefits. The Government was working to amend the Social Welfare Act to increase the base payment for single parents and their children by 25 per cent. The national allowance for the elderly provided support to persons who did not have sufficient pensions. The Government was strengthening the capacities of institutions to monitor poverty and better combat it.
Follow-Up Questions by Committee Experts
JOO-YOUNG LEE, Committee Expert and Member of the Taskforce for Croatia, said it was welcome that the Act on Foreigner Workers would be amended and that the basic social benefit had increased.
Committee Experts asked follow-up questions on the assessment of measures for housing provided to foreign workers; the methodology used to assess citizens’ risk of poverty; why some regions required recipients of benefits to participate in community service; the timeframe in which the minimum wage had increased and whether it covered the cost of living; whether rules regarding the renewal of temporary work contracts led to unemployment; measures being taken to promote entrepreneurship; the nationalities of migrant workers in the State party; and policies being implemented to enable women to enter the labour market and promote sharing of domestic work tasks.
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said there were clear criteria in place regarding the accommodation of foreign workers. The Government was working with the embassies of foreign countries to inform migrant workers about their rights.
The percentage of persons at risk of poverty had not increased in recent years. The State party had developed a new Social Welfare Act that would increase the minimum social benefit and would allow for persons to be excused from community service activities if they were unable to participate. Community service often helped unemployed persons to enter the labour market.
Around two per cent of workers received the minimum wage. The Government had worked to ensure that all workers in vulnerable sectors such as manufacturing received at least the minimum wage. The nominal minimum wage had been increased by 130 per cent between 2016 and 2025. The real increase, taking inflation into account, was around 70 per cent. The minimum wage was calculated considering other benefits being received.
There were around 6,000 self-employed persons receiving State benefits. Most benefits were provided in the food and construction industries.
The State was developing a law to promote women’s return to work after childbirth. It was financing the construction of kindergartens and schools and providing parental leave for fathers, which more than 60 per cent of fathers were taking.
Questions by a Committee Expert
ASRAF ALLY CAUNHYE Committee Expert and Member of the Taskforce for Croatia, said the escalation of violence against women in recent years in the State party was of great concern. What measures were in place to provide support for victims, particularly women with disabilities? How was the State party preventing the abuse of women with disabilities in institutions and addressing harmful practices affecting Roma women and children? What measures were in place to prevent all forms of trafficking in persons, identify victims, prevent reprisals against victims after they reported offences, and ensure that penalties for trafficking were commensurate with the seriousness of offences? How was the State party addressing the effects of inflation and the COVID-19 pandemic on vulnerable persons?
Croatia did not have a needs-based housing policy or an effective strategy for addressing homelessness. Approximately 6.5 per cent per cent of the population did not have access to the water supply network and many of the Roma lived in poor housing conditions. What measures were in place to improve access to housing and housing conditions for vulnerable persons, prevent evictions of the Roma, and tackle homelessness?
Some people in remote areas, particularly the Roma, had limited access to health services. There was a shortage in healthcare staff in rural areas and long waiting lists for specialised care. What measures were in place to provide timely access to quality healthcare in remote areas and to reduce waiting lists? How would the State party promote access to healthcare for asylum seekers and persons with disabilities? What steps had been taken to promote access to safe abortions when mothers’ lives were at risk? What resources had been allocated to setting up mobile health teams and community mental health care services, and to combatting the high suicide rate?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said the national action plan on social services aimed to facilitate access to these services, secure a better regional distribution of services, including services for the elderly, and promote deinstitutionalisation and foster care. Payments to foster families had been increased and media campaigns had been carried out to highlight their importance. The act on personal assistance of 2023 regulated the recruitment of personal assistants for persons with disabilities. Over 5,000 assistants were currently employed, and the Government was working to recruit more.
The Government was conducting roundtables and workshops with employers to encourage the increased employment of the Roma and other vulnerable groups. Career management centres were being established in every region of the State to support their access to employment.
Croatia had issues with affordable housing, influenced by the war in Ukraine, the COVID-19 pandemic, and inflation. Consultations were being carried out on a national housing plan, which would be adopted soon. Under the plan, settlement of vulnerable and young persons and settlement in underdeveloped areas would be encouraged. Croatia had a shortage of around 270,000 residential units compared to demand. There were also around 50,000 unused residential units; the Government planned to adopt legislation to allow the State to take over empty units and provide them to vulnerable persons. New laws would make it possible to build more affordable housing and expand land allocated for affordable housing. The procedure for obtaining permits for building family homes would soon be simplified.
The State party provided housing for victims of domestic violence and was also building family homes for the Roma community in rural areas. Housing had also been provided for persons under international protection, and for persons whose homes were destroyed in earthquakes. The State had also provided accommodation for over 600 homeless persons. Large cities and counties provided food to homeless persons through social kitchens.
Croatia had amended the Act on Water, which enhanced access to water for vulnerable groups. Local government units were obliged to provide water for human use and to install wells in public spaces. The State was investing heavily in the water distribution network to improve the quality and availability of water.
The Government had provided seven different support packages to reduce the prices of energy, food, fuel and gas. As a result, Croatia had the lowest energy prices in the European Union. Some 70 retail products had also been subsidised by the State to protect vulnerable groups, and cash supports had been provided for more than 700,000 retirees.
The Government was working to improve the legislative framework against gender-based violence. Gender-based violence was treated as an aggravating circumstance in the Criminal Code, and Croatia was one of the first countries in Europe to make femicide a stand-alone crime. The law against family violence had also been amended to increase sanctions for perpetrators and support for victims. Victims were examined via video-link unless they insisted on being in the courtroom. Training on gender-based violence was provided for judges, prosecutors and police officers.
A new national action plan on the prevention of sexual violence was currently being developed. Twenty-six shelters were available for victims of sexual and gender-based violence in all territories of the State. Ten million euros had been devoted to financing these shelters. A new media campaign was being carried out on preventing violence against women.
To increase access to primary healthcare, a new healthcare service network had been established that included mobile medical and psychiatric healthcare teams. These teams covered a wide geographical area and included emergency helicopter and maritime services. The Government had also increased the availability of telehealth services. Each county had at least one hospital. Croatia was close to the European Union average for the number of doctors per 100,000 inhabitants and the number of doctors was increasing. The Government provided funds for residencies for young doctors.
Follow-Up Questions by Committee Experts
One Committee Expert welcomed indicators developed by the State party on measuring poverty, while another praised the State party’s various initiatives promoting access to housing.
Committee Experts asked follow-up questions on progress in the implementation of the national strategy on reducing drug-related harm; measures to prevent house demolition and forced evictions of vulnerable groups, and remedies provided to affected persons; statistics on homelessness and the average period of stay in shelters; whether takeovers of unused units were temporary or permanent, and whether the Government planned to pay compensation to owners; how the State responded when people could not afford to pay utility bills or their mortgage; measures to prevent the discriminatory effects of reporting obligations required to receive health insurance; and plans to update poverty indicators from a multidimensional lens.
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said that in 2023, the Government adopted the national strategy on addiction, which aimed to reduce harms and risks related to addiction. Every year, it implemented over 300 intervention programmes related to addiction. The Government primarily rehabilitated adults in the social welfare system, but some addicts were in the prison system. Non-governmental organizations provided counselling and intervention services for addicts. Around one-third of addicts in treatment were women. The Government was developing measures to support women addicts and provide social housing for them.
Under State guidelines on the provision of abortions, patients could demand terminations of pregnancy in all hospitals in the State. In cases of conscientious objection from doctors, patients were referred to other doctors or institutions.
The act on compulsory health insurance provided the right to healthcare for persons under international protection and asylum seekers and their family members, as well as unaccompanied minors. Many citizens who lived abroad used free telehealth services in Croatia, abusing the system. This was why the obligation of reporting to authorities once every three months to obtain health insurance had been introduced.
Croatia had adopted a strategy framework on the development of mental healthcare, which aimed to reduce the suicide rate and improve the mental health of children and workers in particular.
Courts applied the caselaw of the European Court of Human Rights regarding evictions, so it was very difficult to forcefully evict people from their homes. The Government was increasing fiscal pressures on unused properties and implementing measures that made long-term rent more beneficial for owners than short-term rent. The State would also rent and sublet private unused apartments at a reduced price; it would not forcefully take these properties away from owners. A new property tax had been developed to replace taxation on vacation homes. All properties used for long-term rent were excluded from the tax.
It was difficult to count homeless people who had not approached relevant service providers. Homeless persons could receive personal identification documents by registering at a local institute for social welfare. The Government was empowering homeless persons to gain employment.
Questions by a Committee Expert
ASLAN ABASHIDZE, Committee Expert and Member of the Taskforce for Croatia, asked for disaggregated data on school enrolment, completion and dropout rates at primary and secondary levels for the last 10 years. Which ethnic groups had high dropout rates? What progress had been made in promoting the inclusion of the Roma in the education system? All children, including Roma children, needed to attend preschool education. Who was responsible on collecting data on Roma children who were eligible to attend preschool? How many Roma children had attended preschool over the past five years and how many had progressed to primary and secondary education?
What measures were in place to ensure that refugees and migrants had access to quality Croatian language courses and higher education? Had a new programme been adopted to support these groups in 2025? Were there specific measures to support Serbian children’s education? There were reports of vandalism targeting Serbian monuments and Orthodox churches. Had these incidents been investigated and violators held responsible? How would the Government ensure that such violence did not occur in the future?
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said the dropout rate in Croatia was around two per cent, which was around the lowest rate in the European Union. There was a system that monitored students, but it did not record the national affiliation of students. Data on Roma students had been gathered since 2008, however. This data informed the Government’s activities for Roma students. Around 70 per cent of Roma students attended secondary school; this was lower than the national average. The national action plan on the inclusion of the Roma included activities encouraging education for Roma children, including scholarships for Roma pupils in secondary schools. Annually, between 50 and 100 Roma children dropout out of school. The number of Roma university students receiving scholarships had increased in recent years. “Roma assistants” were employed in primary schools to support Roma children. On average, around 400 Roma children were enrolled in kindergartens each year. Local governments funded kindergarten education for Roma children.
One year of preschool education was mandatory for all pupils. The Government funded preschool programmes for each child. Over the next three years, it would invest around 200 million euros in this public service. Croatian language courses were provided to all students who did not speak Croatian, starting from primary level.
Vandalism based on ethnicity was treated as a form of discrimination and a hate crime, and was punished with a harsher sentence. The State party was cooperating with civil society organizations representing ethnic groups to prevent such incidents and bring perpetrators to justice.
The Ministry of Culture and Media had secured funds to support the needs of national minorities. Funds were being devoted to cultural associations, libraries and there were other measures of protecting the cultural heritage of minorities. Public broadcasters were required to devote a portion of broadcasts to programmes for national minorities. The Government also helped fund the cultural activities of persons with disabilities.
Follow-Up Questions by Committee Experts
Committee Experts asked follow-up questions on whether foreign students received free higher education; the number of foreign students in the State; steps taken to enhance inclusive education for persons with disabilities; whether indexation was used to calculate social assistance benefits; whether trade union rights were adequately granted to all workers, including police and military personnel; measures implemented to encourage reporting of racial discrimination offences and prevent such discrimination; the delegation’s response to reports of insufficient funding and will from authorities to address hate-related crimes; and statistics on crimes against Serbians.
Responses by the Delegation
The delegation said that in 2024, there were 531 foreign students enrolled in Croatian universities. The Government had adopted guidelines on supporting children with disabilities, who were entitled to specially trained teaching assistants.
Croatia used automatic indexation to calculate elderly benefits and pensions, based on cost-of-living indicators. There was no index system for the guaranteed minimum benefit, which was increased once per year by the Government, considering various factors. A project had been launched to better monitor poverty rates through the Central Population Register, which would be established this year.
Trade unions in Croatia could create their own networks, participate in the drafting of legislation and national policies, and participate in parliamentary debates. The Government was drafting an action plan to encourage all employers to conclude collective agreements. The scope of certain collective agreements was extended by the State to prevent unfair competition or restrictions on workers’ rights. Only active military personnel were restricted from forming trade unions in line with existing legislation; police officers could form and join unions. Property used by trade unions was formerly owned by the State, but legislation that entered into force last week transferred ownership to a trade union fund.
In 2023, the State party recorded 61 hate crimes against ethnic minorities. This was a decrease from the 67 crimes reported in 2021. Authorities needed to consider these as serious offences and respond appropriately. The judicial academy provided training for judges and judicial workers on the prohibition of discrimination, hate crimes and hate speech, including anti-Semitism. Thirteen workshops would be held in 2025. Police officers were also involved in workshops on preventing anti-Semitism, hate speech and all forms of discrimination.
Closing Remarks
KARLA VANESSA LEMUS DE VÁSQUEZ, Committee Expert, Country Rapporteur and Lead Member of the Taskforce on Croatia, thanked the delegation for the information shared, which provided insight into the progress achieved and measures planned to give effect to the Covenant in Croatia. The Committee’s aim was to ensure the full realisation of economic, social and cultural rights for all persons in Croatia. She thanked all persons who had contributed to the successful dialogue.
IVAN VIDIŠ, State Secretary, Ministry of Labour, Pension System, Family and Social Policy of Croatia and head of the delegation, said Croatia was making every effort to make progress. The State party was passionate about its work, open about its challenges, and determined to address them. Croatia had faced aggression in its past, and the Committee needed to consider the difficult path the country had travelled. Economic, social and cultural rights were the cornerstone of the State party’s efforts. The cost-of-living crisis was a major concern currently, but the State party’s measures supporting energy and other costs had lightened the burden for residents. Croatia was facing a demographic decline, but incentives were in place to support a reversal of demographic trends. Parliament had recently agreed on a declaration regarding the rights of older people, who made up an increasingly large portion of the population. Mr. Vidiš thanked the Committee for its constructive approach to the dialogue.
LAURA-MARIA CRACIUNEAN-TATU, Committee Chair, thanked the delegation for the open and constructive way in which it had participated in the dialogue. The dialogue with Croatia would continue, as the Committee would select three follow-up recommendations that it called on the State party to address within 24 months. It hoped that Croatia would continue to address the Committee’s recommendations with a constructive spirit.
Produced by the United Nations Information Service in Geneva for use of the media;
not an official record. English and French versions of our releases are different as they are the product of two separate coverage teams that work independently.
CESCR25.002E
Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Luis Gómez Romero, Senior Lecturer in Human Rights, Constitutional Law and Legal Theory, University of Wollongong
Oscar frontrunner Emilia Pérez has received mixed reactions from the film industry, critics and general audiences. On Rotten Tomatoes it holds a 72% critic score – but a dismal 17% from viewers.
Mexican audiences have been particularly harsh. On its opening weekend in Mexico, the film grossed only US$74,000. Scores of moviegoers even demanded refunds.
French director Jacques Audiard presents Emilia Pérez as his bold yet compassionate take on Mexico’s drug war and the resulting enforced disappearances. The film, however, has been criticised for how it pities and condescends to Mexicans while lacking real understanding of the violence it claims to represent.
Those seeking to understand the suffering caused by enforced disappearances in Mexico would do well to look beyond Emilia Pérez. Here are five films you should watch.
The 2016 documentary Tempestad (Tempest), directed by Mexican-Salvadoran filmmaker Tatiana Huezo, genuinely engages with suffering and atonement in Mexico’s violent landscape. It follows the experiences of two women with organised crime and the Mexican justice system.
Miriam Carvajal, a former customs official and mother of a young child, is wrongfully convicted on spurious charges of human trafficking and sent to a prison run by a criminal organisation. To survive, she becomes complicit in the brutal violence inflicted on the most vulnerable inmates, such as migrants.
Adela Alvarado is a professional clown. She has been searching for her daughter, who disappeared a decade before filming. Despite threats to her life from police officers likely involved in the disappearance, Adela continues her relentless quest to find her child against all odds.
Both women are driven by love for their children. Miriam is heard but never seen; Adela’s life among circus folk unfolds on camera. This visually highlights that their stories mirror each other yet are not identical.
Huezo recognises perpetrators can also be victims, but refuses to turn the harm they have caused into an instrument for their redemption.
Everardo González’s 2017 documentary La Libertad del Diablo (Devil’s Freedom) also explores the theme of atonement for perpetrators alongside the suffering of their victims.
González presents a choral narrative of Mexico’s drug wars. Testimonies come from crime syndicate hitmen, soldiers involved in law enforcement, a mother whose children disappeared, young women whose mothers were taken, and a man tortured by police.
Victims and perpetrators wear compression masks made for burn treatment, ostensibly to protect their identities. These masks, however, also serve as a haunting equaliser that exposes a society scarred by violence.
In one powerful scene, a victim recalls pitying her children’s murderer after sensing his shame. She removes the mask following her account of forgiveness and hesitantly smiles at the camera – her trembling lips raising fundamental questions about Mexico’s struggle to heal from the wounds of its drug wars.
Mexican filmmakers have long used fiction to “exorcise the pain” of enforced disappearances, as Mexican actor Giovanna Zacarías puts it. Fernanda Valadez’s debut film, Sin Señas Particulares (Identifying Features, 2020) exemplifies this powerfully.
Valadez’s restrained narrative avoids the stereotypical passion often attributed to Latin Americans.
Magdalena (Mercedes Hernández), a modest rural woman, searches for her missing son, Jesús (Juan Jesús Varela), who vanished en route to the United States. Magdalena’s soft voice and timid demeanour conceal quiet defiance – she refuses to be sidelined. We never see those she questions. We witness only the pain on her face and her stoic resolve.
Mexico is no fairy tale. In the agonising final minutes, Magdalena gains a son even as she loses another – though she cannot be with any of them. Life goes on in Mexico: Magdalena has found a grave to mourn at, and we mourn with her.
Noche de Fuego (Prayers for the Stolen, 2021) marked Tatiana Huezo’s first foray into fiction filmmaking. The film follows the story of three friends growing up together in the mountains of Mexico, amid normalised violence and enforced disappearances.
The girls’ world is shaped by strategies for survival, with danger looming from both criminal organisations and the state, embodied by the army. Yet, even in this tense environment, they still experience the everyday joys and struggles of childhood and adolescence.
Drug violence contextualises the girls’ world – but does not define them. Huezo does not portray them as mere victims. As they grow, we witness how their rural teachers and mothers have provided them with the necessary tools to foster critical thinking.
Even though local criminals disappear one of the girls, we glimpse a future where her two friends may one day challenge the silence and brutality of the adult world. Despite the premature loss of many childhoods in Mexico, Huezo leaves room for hope.
Natalia Beristain’s Ruido (Noise, 2022) follows Julia (Julieta Egurrola), a middle-class woman in her late 60s. She is the mother of Gertrudis, “Ger,” a student who vanished while on vacation with friends. Confronted with bureaucratic inefficiency and state indifference, Julia is forced to “do the work of others” and investigate Ger’s disappearance herself.
On her journey, she finds women willing to risk everything for the truth. Among them, she discovers compassion and solidarity, from young feminists demanding justice, to mothers who, having also lost loved ones, guide her through the legal and forensic processes involved in searching for clandestine graves.
“You are not alone”, the women repeat like a mantra. As Pulitzer Prize-winning Mexican author Cristina Rivera Garza reminds us, grief indeed is never a solitary. We always grieve for and with someone.
The authors do not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and have disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
– ref. Beyond Emilia Pérez: 5 Mexican films that do justice to victims of the drug cartels – https://theconversation.com/beyond-emilia-perez-5-mexican-films-that-do-justice-to-victims-of-the-drug-cartels-249160
Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Quentin Grafton, Australian Laureate Professor of Economics, Crawford School of Public Policy, Australian National University
Water is now a contested resource around the world. Nowhere is this more evident than in the fight playing out over the Northern Territory’s Roper River – one of the last free-flowing rivers in Australia, nurtured by the enduring presence of First Nations custodians.
The territory government recently doubled water extraction allowances from the aquifer that feeds the Roper River, making billions of litres available to irrigators, for free. The change risks permanent damage not just to the river but to world-famous springs and sacred sites fundamentally important to Traditional Owners.
Australia has a very poor track record on maintaining healthy river systems, and on respecting First Nations rights to access and use water.
The Roper River represents a chance to change course on decades of water policy failure. It also shows we must transform how Australia’s water is valued, who uses it, and who decides how vital rivers should be managed.
The Roper River runs east for 400 kilometres from the Katherine region to the Gulf of Carpentaria.
First Nations people comprise 73% of the population in the Roper River area. Amid socioeconomic challenges, Country sustains them as it has done for 65,000 years. It is integral to maintaining cultural knowledge, as well as ceremonial practices, environmental care and traditional food systems. Traditional Owners’ rights are recognised through Aboriginal freehold land and native title across the area.
Irrigated crops including melons, mangoes and cotton are grown over a small part of the river catchment.
In a string of recent decisions – mainly the designation of regional “water allocation plans” – the territory government has vastly increased potential extraction from underground aquifers. This could allow agriculture and other industries to expand.
The Mataranka plan, which applies to the Roper River, now allows irrigators to double the amount of water extracted from an underground aquifer crucial to the river’s dry-season flows. These new extraction amounts would fill 25,000 Olympic swimming pools a year. The groundwater also feeds thermal springs at Mataranka – a sacred site and tourism drawcard.
The decision came despite staunch opposition from Traditional Owners. As Northern Land Council chair Matthew Ryan told SBS:
Both the previous and the current NT Government have ignored the voices of Traditional Owners, who have repeatedly said that the health and viability of the Roper River and the springs at Mataranka are at great risk.
Water is life. It is our most valuable resource and Traditional Owners have an obligation to take care of the land and areas of cultural significance.
Sadly, this story is not new to Australia. We need only look to the Baaka (Lower Darling River) in New South Wales as a cautionary tale.
More than a century of water extraction has left the river and its wetlands degraded. This was demonstrated in 2023 when up to 30 million fish died due to low levels of dissolved oxygen, caused by, among other factors, too much water extracted upstream.
The ecological damage has harmed the health and wellbeing of river communities – especially Traditional Owners such as the Barkandji people, who have long relied on the river for sustenance.
The problem is getting worse. As research late last year showed, an investment of more than A$8 billion to date has failed to prevent a stark decline in the health of the Murray-Darling Basin river system.
Martuwarra, or the Fitzroy River, runs through Western Australia’s Kimberley region. It is the state’s largest Aboriginal Cultural Heritage site and is on the national heritage list. Evidence indicates human occupation along the Martuwarra for at least 35,000 years.
Traditional knowledge indicates climate change – among other harms – is threatening the Martuwarra. Ecological and ground water systems are drying up, making traditional food and medicine harder to find.
This harms Indigenous custodians reliant on the Martuwarra for their lifeways and livelihoods.
But there is hope. The Indigenous-led Martuwarra Fitzroy River Council has united West Kimberley people, First Peoples and others, along with stakeholders. It seeks to foster joint decision-making on planning and management to take full account of the social, cultural, spiritual and environmental impacts of water allocation across the catchment.
This world-leading example shows what can be achieved when Traditional Owners and their partners unite to defend nature, water and Country as sources of life, not just resources to be exploited.
Many of the world’s largest rivers are suffering from neglect and destruction. Last month, on the world’s inaugural Water Justice Day, people around the globe fighting for water justice came together in Canberra.
Community members, researchers, Elders, advocates and decision-makers gathered to share stories from Argentina, Australia, India, Kenya, Brazil and Mexico.
Each tale described people working together to push back against water injustice, whether it involved unequal access, theft, dispossession, pollution or post-truth claims about water.
Participants also watched the premiere screening of the short film EveryOne, EveryWhere, EveryWhen. It highlights what is at stake for Australia’s living rivers – Baaka, Roper and Martuwarra – and tells of the struggle to bring justice to these rivers and their people.
Clearly, the time for water reform is now. So what does this mean in practice?
First, the precautionary principle must be deeply embedded in all government decisions. This means the potential for serious environmental damage must be properly considered, and actions taken to avoid it, even when science is not certain.
Second, permission from First Peoples should be obtained for any activity affecting their land or waters, following the principles of “free, prior and informed consent”.
And finally, both Indigenous knowledge and Western science must be brought together to plan, monitor and regulate all water extraction, to ensure our precious rivers are managed for both the present and the future.
Australians face a stark choice.
We can keep gifting valuable water resources to powerful commercial interests, while ignoring the warning signs our rivers are sending.
Or we can follow First Nations leaders and listen to what Country is telling us: to safeguard water for everyone, including non-human kin, to secure a liveable and thriving future for all.
In response to issues raised in this article, the NT’s Minister for Lands, Planning and Environment, Joshua Burgoyne, said the Mataranka water allocation plan provides certainty to the environment and the community and supports regional economic development.
He said the plan was “precautionary, evidenced based, and developed with considered involvement from local community representatives” including Traditional Owners, and preserves more than 90% of dry season flows to the Roper River.
Quentin Grafton receives funding from the Australian Research Council and is the Convenor of the Water Justice Hub.
Anne Poelina is Chair, Martuwarra Fitzroy River Council. She is Professor, Chair and Senior Research Fellow Indigenous Knowledges and affiliated with Nulungu Research Institute, University of Notre Dame, Broome. She is Project Lead for an Australian Research Council Funded Project.
Sarah Milne has received funding from the Australian Research Council.
– ref. A fierce tussle over a Northern Territory river reveals Australia’s stark choice on water justice – https://theconversation.com/a-fierce-tussle-over-a-northern-territory-river-reveals-australias-stark-choice-on-water-justice-248766
Source: United States Department of Justice 2
A grand jury in Chicago returned an indictment yesterday charging a high-ranking affiliate of the Sinaloa Cartel for allegedly manufacturing and distributing fentanyl, cocaine, heroin, and other drugs and importing them into the United States.
“As alleged, the defendant conspired to traffic dangerous drugs, including fentanyl, into the United States — and employed dozens of gunmen to protect his drug trafficking operation and the leadership of the Guzman faction of the Sinaloa Cartel,” said Supervisory Official Antoinette T. Bacon of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division. “Stopping Mexican cartels from poisoning our communities with fentanyl and other narcotics is a top priority of this Administration. Today’s indictment demonstrates that the Criminal Division is relentless in its pursuit of the drug traffickers who profit at the expense of the American people.”
“Our nation’s fentanyl crisis has devastated individuals and families in northern Illinois and throughout the country,” said Acting U.S. Attorney Morris Pasqual for the Northern District of Illinois. “Our office will continue to work with our law enforcement partners to disrupt the production and trafficking of fentanyl and other dangerous narcotics before they can reach more victims.”
“From San Diego to Chicago to D.C., we are united to bring down the traffickers pushing these poisons into American communities,” said U.S. Attorney Tara McGrath for the Southern District of California. “We are attacking at every level — from street dealers to cartel leaders.”
“This indictment reinforces the FBI’s unwavering commitment to hold accountable those who endanger our communities and traffic violence and drugs across our borders,” said Assistant Director Chad Yarbrough of the FBI’s Criminal Investigative Division. “Let this serve as a clear message: if you engage in cartel activity, we will pursue you and bring you to justice. Together with our law enforcement partners at every level, we remain fully committed to protecting the American people and stopping the flow of these dangerous drugs into our nation.”
According to court documents, Ceferino Espinoza Angulo, 43, employed dozens of gunmen in Mexico to protect and support the leadership of the Guzman faction of the Sinaloa Cartel, including Ivan Guzman-Salazar, Jesus Alfredo Guzman-Salazar, Ovidio Guzman-Lopez, and Joaquin Guzman-Lopez, collectively known as “the Chapitos.” Espinoza Angulo allegedly conspired to obtain fentanyl precursor chemicals and to manufacture, distribute, and import into the United States fentanyl, cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, and ecstasy. Ceferino Espinoza also allegedly illegally possessed a machinegun in furtherance of his drug trafficking scheme.
The Chapitos are the sons of Joaquin Guzman Loera, also known as “El Chapo,” who led the Sinaloa Cartel before being convicted by a federal jury in Brooklyn, New York, and sentenced to life in prison. The Chapitos allegedly assumed their father’s role as leaders of the Sinaloa Cartel. The Chapitos have been charged with drug trafficking in other U.S. indictments.
Espinoza Angulo is charged with drug conspiracy and firearm offenses. If convicted, he faces a mandatory minimum penalty of 30 years in prison and a maximum penalty of life in prison. Espinoza Angulo is believed to be residing in Mexico, and a U.S. warrant has been issued for his arrest.
The FBI and Homeland Security Investigations investigated the case. Valuable assistance was provided by the Drug Enforcement Administration’s Special Operations Division, Bilateral Investigations Unit, and the Portland, Oregon, Police Bureau, Narcotics and Organized Crime Unit, High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Interdiction Taskforce.
Trial Attorney Kirk Handrich of the Criminal Division’s Narcotic and Dangerous Drug Section, Assistant U.S. Attorneys Michelle Parthum and Andrew C. Erskine for the Northern District of Illinois, and Assistant U.S. Attorney Matthew Sutton for the Southern District of California prosecuted the case.
The case is part of an Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force (OCDETF) operation. OCDETF identifies, disrupts, and dismantles drug trafficking organizations and other criminal networks that threaten the United States using a prosecutor-led, intelligence-driven, multi-agency approach that leverages the strengths of federal, state, and local enforcement agencies.
An indictment is merely an allegation. All defendants are presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt in a court of law.
Source: European Parliament
with request for inclusion in the agenda for a debate on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law
NB: This motion for a resolution is available in the original language only.
B10‑0134/2025
Motion for a European Parliament resolution on the repression by the Ortega-Murillo regime in Nicaragua, targeting human rights defenders, political opponents and religious communities in particular
The European Parliament,
− having regard to Rule 150(5) of its Rules of Procedure,
A. whereas since 2018, the Nicaraguan Government has systematically persecuted, repressed and incarcerated dissidents, political opponents, community and religious leaders, human rights defenders, civil society organisations and journalists;
B. whereas the regime has intensified its repression through the forced expulsion, arbitrary deprivation of nationality and confiscation of assets of over 400 Nicaraguans, with 135 deported to Guatemala in September 2024; whereas Spain has consistently offered its citizenship to Nicaraguan exiles;
C. whereas 46 people are reported to remain imprisoned in Nicaragua for political reasons; whereas families of detainees have denounced inhumane conditions;
D. whereas the regime has deployed a strategy of systematic repression against civil society and religious communities; whereas the government has closed at least 58 media outlets, and, according to the IACHR, has revoked the legal status of over 5,000 non-governmental organisations, with more than 1,500 shut down on 20 August 2024;
E. whereas in September 2024, the Criminal Code was amended to allow for prosecuting in absentia people outside the country, facilitating the persecution of dissidents in exile and the seizure of assets;
F. whereas in November 2024, the Constitution was amended, deepening the concentration of power in the executive, and providing legal cover to the arbitrary deprivation of nationality;
G. whereas in February 2025, Nicaragua announced its withdrawal from the Food and Agriculture Organization, adding to the increasing isolation of the country from the international community;
1. Strongly condemns the Nicaraguan government for its systematic persecution and repression, including through the use of forced exile and statelessness, of dissident voices, community and religious leaders, human rights defenders, civil society organisations and journalists;
2. Expresses its deep concerns over recent legislative and constitutional changes; strongly urges Nicaragua to repeal all repressive legislation passed since 2018;
3. Urges the Nicaraguan Government to immediately and unconditionally release all political prisoners; to ensure, in the meantime, that they have regular and unrestricted access to food, medical care, their family and lawyers of their choice; to withdraw all legal proceedings against them; to allow the safe return of refugees and exiles; to return all unduly seized assets; and to restore full respect for human rights;
4. Calls on the Nicaraguan authorities to stop unduly closing non-governmental organisations, to restore the legal personality of all organisations, political parties, universities and media outlets that have been arbitrarily shut down, and to return all unduly seized assets;
5. Calls on the EU and its Member States to provide support to the people that are detained, to strengthen support for civil society organisations, journalists and human rights defenders both in Nicaragua and in exile, and to intensify efforts to host, protect and assist those displaced and expelled from Nicaragua; welcomes the Spanish government’s initiative to offer nationality to exiles and their families;
6. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Nicaraguan authorities, the Council, the Commission, and the HR/VP.
Source: European Parliament
with request for inclusion in the agenda for a debate on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law
Bernard Guetta, Oihane Agirregoitia Martínez, Petras Auštrevičius, Malik Azmani, Dan Barna, Benoit Cassart, Olivier Chastel, Engin Eroglu, Karin Karlsbro, Ľubica Karvašová, Ilhan Kyuchyuk, Urmas Paet, Marie-Agnes Strack-Zimmermann, Hilde Vautmans, Lucia Yar
on behalf of the Renew Group
NB: This motion for a resolution is available in the original language only.
B10‑0131/2025
Motion for a European Parliament resolution on the repression by the Ortega-Murillo regime in Nicaragua, targeting human rights defenders, political opponents and religious communities in particular
The European Parliament,
– having regard to its previous resolutions on Nicaragua,
– having regard to Rules 150 of its Rules of Procedure,
A. whereas on 30th January 2025 the Nicaraguan National Assembly approved a constitutional reform that, radically changes the foundations of the State and the Nicaraguan political system; whereas it eliminates the division of powers, gives the Presidency control over all branches of government, independent institutions and the media and ignores the adherence of Nicaragua to international human rights conventions and treaties, including the one prohibiting torture;
B. whereas since 2018, the Nicaraguan regime has systematically, repeatedly and arbitrarily incarcerated, harassed and intimidated human rights defenders, opposition and religious representatives, among others; whereas over 5600 NGOs have been dissolved, including religious groups, and their assets have been confiscated;
C. whereas the main political opponents were imprisoned months before the elections, later expelled from the country together with human rights defenders, stripped of their nationality, and deprived of their political rights after being accused of “coup plotting” and “treason”;
1. Strongly condemns the Nicaraguan regime’s widespread repression; calls on the release of all those arbitrarily detained, the restoration of the rule of law and freedoms, the cessation of repression, the restoration of rights to exiles and their safe return; insist that they are sine qua non conditions for any prospect of meaningful dialogue;
2. Denounces the use of statelessness and exile as a weapon against any dissenting voice; reiterates the need to put an end to restrictions on civic space and respect the right to dissent;
3. Calls on the Nicaraguan regime to reverse the constitutional reform and all repressive laws, to fully respect its international human rights obligations and to implement the recommendations made by the UN Group of Human Rights Experts on Nicaragua;
4. Calls on the European Union and its Member States to include specific guarantees of respect for human rights with regard to the European funds allocated, as well as funds channelled through multilateral and financial institutions, and to ensure, through strict control, that these funds do not contribute to reinforce the Nicaraguan regime;
5. Calls on the relevant authorities to strengthen support for the Nicaraguan opposition currently in exile, and to maintain close cooperation with countries receiving large numbers of migrants fleeing the country;
6. Recalls that in the light of the Association Agreement between the EU and Central America, Nicaragua must respect and consolidate the principles of the rule of law, democracy and human rights; reiterates its demand to trigger the democratic clause of the Association Agreement;
7. Reiterates its call to include Daniel Ortega and his inner circle in the list of EU sanctioned individuals and entities;
8. Calls for the immediate extradition of Alessio Casimirri to Italy;
9. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council, the Commission, the HR/VP, the OAS, the EuroLat Parliamentary Assembly, the Central American Parliament, the Presidency Pro Tempore of CELAC, the Vatican and the Government and Parliament of the Republic of Nicaragua.
Source: European Parliament
with request for inclusion in the agenda for a debate on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law
Adam Bielan, Jadwiga Wiśniewska, Mariusz Kamiński, Ondřej Krutílek, Veronika Vrecionová, Joachim Stanisław Brudziński, Małgorzata Gosiewska, Waldemar Tomaszewski, Sebastian Tynkkynen, Assita Kanko, Ivaylo Valchev, Alexandr Vondra, Aurelijus Veryga, Alberico Gambino
on behalf of the ECR Group
NB: This motion for a resolution is available in the original language only.
B10‑0135/2025
Motion for a European Parliament resolution on the repression by the Ortega-Murillo regime in Nicaragua, targeting human rights defenders, political opponents and religious communities in particular
The European Parliament,
– having regard to its previous resolutions on Nicaragua,
– having regard to Rule 150(5) of its Rules of Procedure,
A. whereas since 2018 Nicaragua’s Ortega-Murillo regime intensified repression, expanding the use of forced exile and citizenship revocation as ways to target government critics and human rights defenders; whereas over 450 people have been deprived of Nicaraguan nationality since February 2023; whereas the situation is exploited by smuggling gangs operating across the region, often in collaboration with Ortega-aligned regimes in Venezuela and Cuba;
B. whereas in January 2025 Nicaragua’s parliament ratified a constitutional amendment that elevates Ortega’s wife, Rosario Murillo, to the position of co-president and grants the Ortega-Murillo regime powers to coordinate all previously independent legislative, judicial, electoral and supervisory bodies;
C. whereas the government has intensified its campaign against religious institutions, in particular the Catholic church; whereas since October 2023, Nicaragua has forced over 240 religious figures, including 46 priests and bishops, into exile, deported them, or barred their return to the country: whereas Bishop Rolando Álvarez was sentenced to 26 years in prison and later forced into exile; whereas dozens of churches have had their legal status revoked and around 80 percent of NGO that operated in Nicaragua were shut down, including charitable organization; whereas in January 2025 around 30 Poor Clare nuns and the Discalced Carmelite friars were forced into exile;
1. Strongly condemns the Ortega-Murillo regime’s widespread perpetration of systematic and deliberate human rights violations against its population for purely political reasons; expresses concern about the manipulation of criminal law and the use of the justice system as a tool to criminalise the exercise of civil and political rights, as well as the freedom of religion and belief;
2. Condemns recent attacks on the leadership of the Catholic Church; denounces the repression against political opposition figures and Christian believers, as well as human rights defenders and journalists; urges the Nicaraguan regime to immediately end the repression and restore full respect for all human rights, including freedom of expression, religion and belief;
3. Calls for the immediate and unconditional release of all imprisoned religious leaders and political prisoners, and for all legal proceedings against them to be annulled; condemns the abusive detention and the lack of trial guarantees and the illegal convictions of political prisoners;
4. Calls on the authorities to restore Nicaraguan citizenship to all those from whom it has been arbitrarily and illegally removed;
5. Calls on the government to reinstate the legal status of all civil society organizations and to unfreeze the bank accounts of universities, non-governmental organizations and religious groups;
6. Deplores Nicaragua’s bond with authoritarian regimes in Havana and Caracas, as well as political, and military strategic alignment with Russia and China;
7. Reiterates its call for the list of individuals and entities sanctioned by the EU to be expanded, and to cooperate with the US on fighting human trafficking gangs and drug cartels;
8. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Parliament and Government of Nicaragua.
Source: European Parliament
with request for inclusion in the agenda for a debate on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law
Hermann Tertsch, Jorge Martín Frías, Gerolf Annemans, Nikola Bartůšek, Roberto Vannacci, Susanna Ceccardi
on behalf of the PfE Group
NB: This motion for a resolution is available in the original language only.
B10‑0132/2025
Motion for a European Parliament resolution on the repression by the Ortega-Murillo regime in Nicaragua, targeting human rights defenders, political opponents and religious communities in particular
The European Parliament,
– having regard to Rule 150 of its Rules of Procedure,
A. whereas on 15 September, 2022, this Parliament approved a resolution strongly condemning the systematic repression by the Daniel Ortega-Rosario Murillo regime in Nicaragua, in particular against the Catholic Church, with the case of bishop, and Sakharov prize finalist, Orlando Alvarez;
B. whereas persecution and harassment against the Catholic Church is a consequence of its role as mediators in the 2018 National Dialogue;
C. whereas, according to Open Doors International and its World Watch List, hundreds of Christian organisations have lost their legal status in Nicaragua due to arbitrary regime decisions;
D. whereas attacks against the Catholic Church, other religious communities, and critics with the regime include killings, arbitrarily arrests, dead threats, tortures, enforces disappearances, forced exiles, closure of missionaries and charity associations, and closing of radio/TV stations;
E. whereas, according to the International Republican Institute, after April 2018 more than 730 citizens were arbitrarily imprisoned, including political and religious leaders, human rights defenders, students, journalists and other members of civil society, being accused of crimes such as terrorist acts, conspiracy or treachery, and facing harsh imprisonment conditions; whereas, according to the OAS, 36 citizens remained imprisoned;
F. whereas human rights violations and abuses perpetrated since April 2018 are not an isolated phenomenon, but the result of a planned process to concentrate all powers in the figures of the dictators Ortega-Murillo;
G. whereas systematic repression has triggered a migration and humanitarian crisis in the region, with thousands of Nicaraguans fleeing the country every year; whereas migration is being weaponised by the Ortega-Murillo regime to destabilize the region;
H. whereas the Nicaraguan regime has been consistently supported to remain in power by other dictatorships in the region such as Cuba and Venezuela; whereas Russia has an increasing military presence;
1. Condemns in the strongest possible terms the repression and arbitrary arrests by the Nicaraguan regime against members of the Catholic Church, religious and political leaders, human rights defenders, and all those citizens critics with the regime;
2. Calls for the immediate and unconditional release of all those arbitrarily detained, and for all legal proceedings against them to be annulled, including their sentences; calls for the immediate extradition of Alessio Casimirri, currently living in Managua under the protection of the Nicaraguan regime, to Italy;
3. Stresses that the judicial system lacks independence from the executive branch; expresses concern about the manipulation of criminal law and the use of the justice system as a tool to criminalise the exercise of civil and political rights in the country;
4. Calls on the Council to immediately adopt further and tougher sanctions against Ortega-Murillo and all their proxies, responsible for systematic human rights violations in Nicaragua; demands the immediate cessation of all financial aid from the EU to Nicaragua;
5. Calls on the EU and its Member States to support investigations leading to prosecute Daniel Ortega and Rosario Murillo for crimes against humanity;
6. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the relevant parties.
Source: European Parliament
with request for inclusion in the agenda for a debate on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law
NB: This motion for a resolution is available in the original language only.
B10‑0130/2025
Motion for a European Parliament resolution on the repression by the Ortega-Murillo regime in Nicaragua, targeting human rights defenders, political opponents and religious communities in particular
The European Parliament,
– having regard to Rule 150(5) of its Rules of Procedure,
A. whereas the Ortega-Murillo regime has since 2018 targeted Christians in retaliation for their peaceful opposition to a social security reform; whereas, in addition to the repression against the Catholic Church in recent years, the evangelical church and other religious communities are now also increasingly targeted; whereas Christian schools, TV stations and charities have been closed and churches monitored and intimidated;
B. whereas the Ortega-Murillo regime traffics migrants to systematically increase migration pressure on the United States (US) and fuel remittance payments, which now comprise 30 per cent of Nicaragua’s gross domestic product; whereas the Ortega-Murillo regime has loosened visa restrictions for countries across the Caribbean, Asia and Africa and sells short-time visas to migrants; whereas the Ortega-Murillo regime organises charter flights for migrants, charging migrants exorbitant visa fees; whereas 10 per cent of all migrants arriving at the US’ southern border start the trek in Nicaragua;
C. whereas according to US Customs and Border Protection figures, more than 80 per cent of people held or denied entry between October 2020 and June 2024 were citizens from Latin America;
1. Strongly condemns the severe persecution of Christians and political opponents by the Ortega-Murillo regime;
2. Strongly condemns the weaponisation of migration by the Ortega-Murillo regime; emphasises that migration is becoming a systemic geopolitical challenge;
3. Notes that the increasing number of illegal migrants to the US directly relates to the growth in human trafficking and smuggling by criminal groups; refers, in this regard, to a 2023 report by the US Department of Homeland Security, indicating that 80 per cent of illegal border crossings were organised by smugglers, resulting in an estimated revenue between 4 billion to 12 billion US dollar a year;
4. Strongly supports the executive orders of the new US Donald Trump administration in the field of asylum and migration;
5. Is of the opinion, that the sanctions imposed on Nicaragua, particularly by the USA and the EU, are counterproductive, worsening the economic and humanitarian situation;
6. Notes that more than a fifth of Nicaragua’s population has already left the country and is worried that new punitive economic sanctions will only lead to further emigration;
7. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council, the Commission, the Vice- President of the Commission/High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy, the European External Action Service, the governments and parliaments of the Member States and the President, government and parliament of Nicaragua.
Source: European Parliament
with request for inclusion in the agenda for a debate on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law
Diana Riba i Giner, Catarina Vieira, Maria Ohisalo, Nicolae Ştefănuță, Ville Niinistö
on behalf of the Verts/ALE Group
NB: This motion for a resolution is available in the original language only.
B10‑0128/2025
Motion for a European Parliament resolution on the repression by the Ortega-Murillo regime in Nicaragua, targeting human rights defenders, political opponents and religious communities in particular
The European Parliament,
– having regard to Rule 150 of its Rules of Procedure,
A. whereas the National Assembly approved a constitutional reform establishing a co-presidency, eliminating all guarantees of separation of powers and political pluralism, eliminating the right to strike, the explicit prohibition of torture and weakening essential procedural guarantees;
B. whereas the ongoing deterioration of fundamental rights takes place in a context of an increasingly repressive regulatory framework, systematic persecution, criminalization, harassment, police hounding and acts of repression; whereas attacks on freedom of expression, conscience and religion have intensified;
C. whereas over 450 people have been deprived of Nicaraguan nationality;
D. whereas since April 2018, the Nicaraguan authorities have cancelled over 5,600 NGOs;
1. Is deeply concerned by the changes introduced by the constitutional reform which seriously impacts the guarantees of future free and fair elections; urges the authorities to review this reform in order to guarantee rule of law and the separation of the executive, legislative, electoral and judicial branches;
2. Condemns the systematic repression against the opposition, indigenous people, students, NGOs and religious leaders; condemns the use of the criminal law to persecute opponents, to suppress any criticism or opposition; calls on the Nicaraguan authorities to cease politically motivated persecution, criminalization, arbitrary detention;
3. Condemns the provisions institutionalizing the state’s power to strip citizens’ nationality for the broadly defined crime of treason; condemns the arbitrary deprivation of Nicaraguan citizenship for at least 450 individuals; urges the Nicaraguan authorities to ensure full access to and enjoyment of the right to nationality to all, and to take measures to prevent and eradicate statelessness; urges the Nicaraguan authorities to guarantee family reunification, facilitating the issue and validity of basic official documentation in order for those affected by the violations to be able to exercise citizenship rights;
4. Calls for the immediate release of the 45 remaining political prisoners;
5. Supports the renewal of the Human Rights Council’s Group of Expert on Nicaragua;
6. Calls on the Nicaraguan authorities to guarantee the life and integrity of human rights defenders who remain in Nicaragua; highlights the key role played by civil society, human rights defenders, journalists and religious leaders in Nicaragua; calls on the EU to increase support for those still in the country and currently in exile;
7. Is particularly worried by the impact of the US aid freeze on programs and NGOs in Nicaragua;
8. Urges the EU to hold the Nicaraguan authorities accountable including through Universal Jurisdiction cases, for repression in the country and to explore international mechanisms to hold Nicaraguan authorities accountable for violations of the 1961 convention on the reduction of statelessness and the 1984 convention against torture;
9. Supports the efforts of the EU Delegations to closely monitor developments that are taking place in Nicaragua, including trial monitoring and visiting political prisoners in prison or under house arrest;
10. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council, the Commission, the Member States, the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary Assembly, the Central American Parliament and the authorities of the Republic of Nicaragua.
Source: European Parliament
with request for inclusion in the agenda for a debate on cases of breaches of human rights, democracy and the rule of law
Sebastião Bugalho, Željana Zovko, Antonio López-Istúriz White, Gabriel Mato, David McAllister, Vangelis Meimarakis, Wouter Beke, Isabel Wiseler-Lima, Ingeborg Ter Laak, Tomáš Zdechovský, Mirosława Nykiel, Jessica Polfjärd, Luděk Niedermayer, Jan Farský, Andrey Kovatchev, Inese Vaidere
on behalf of the PPE Group
NB: This motion for a resolution is available in the original language only.
B10‑0126/2025
Motion for a European Parliament resolution on the repression by the Ortega-Murillo regime in Nicaragua, targeting human rights defenders, political opponents and religious communities in particular
The European Parliament,
– having regard to its previous resolutions on Nicaragua, in particular, the one of 15 September 2022 on the arrest of the bishop Rolando Álvarez,
– having regard to Rule 150(5) of its Rules of Procedure,
A. whereas since 2018, the Nicaraguan regime systematically and arbitrarily incarcerated and persecuted presidential pre-candidates, opposition leaders, religious leaders – mainly Catholic-, journalists, human rights defenders, civil society organisations (CSOs), business representatives, among others; whereas since 2018, 245 members of the clergy were either arbitrarily arrested or expelled, including Bishop Rolando Álvarez, Sakharov Prize finalist;
B. whereas on August 2024, the Ortega-Murillo regime disbanded 1,500 CSOs, among those affected are numerous religious groups mainly Catholic, bringing the total number of organisations that the regime has shut down by the regime to over 5000 since 2018;
C. whereas on 30 January 2025, constitutional reforms were approved, giving the Ortega-Murillo regime absolute power and further dismantling the separation of powers; whereas this reform allows the regime to strip the nationality dissident voices within the country and to impose tighter control over the media and the Church;
1. Strongly condemns the Nicaraguan regime’s widespread perpetration of systematic human rights violations against its population, democratic opposition, students, CSOs, and the persecution of the Catholic Church;
2. Rejects the constitutional reform, as it is regressive in terms of human rights, institutionalising a totalitarian regime that is incompatible with the characteristics of a modern democratic state;
3. Requests the Nicaraguan regime to implement the recommendations made by the GHREN, as well as those of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights;
4. Calls for the EU and its Member States to include specific guarantees of compliance with human rights regarding European funds allocated, including through multilateral and financial institutions such as the Central American Bank for Economic Integration, and to carry out strict monitoring to ensure that they do not contribute to strengthening the Nicaraguan regime;
5. Urges the EU to increase support for members of the Nicaraguan opposition and CSOs in exile, and to support countries receiving migrants fleeing Nicaragua, like Costa Rica;
6. Highlights the key role played by CSOs, human rights defenders, the Church and journalists in Nicaragua; asks the EU to reinforce their regular dialogue with them and strengthen mechanisms to support their vital work;
7. Calls on the EU Member States and the UN Security Council, in accordance with the Rome Statute, to open investigations through the International Criminal Court into Nicaragua and Daniel Ortega for crimes against humanity;
8. Reiterates its demand that the democratic clause of the Association Agreement be triggered; rejects any prospect of holding any dialogue thought the Joint-Parliamentary Committee that includes members of the regime-controlled Nicaraguan National Assembly;
9. Reiterates its call to expand the list of sanctioned individuals and entities to include Ortega and his inner circle;
10. Instructs its President to forward this resolution to the Council, Commission, the VP/HR, EU Member States, the Organization of American States, the Euro-Latin American Parliamentary Assembly, the PARLACEN, and the Nicaraguan authorities.
Source: US Immigration and Customs Enforcement
HARTFORD, Conn. — U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement apprehended an illegal Brazilian national convicted in Connecticut of sexual assault, unlawful restraint and two counts of violating a restraining order when officers arrested Emerson Eduardo Ferreira, 52, in Brooklyn, Connecticut, January 24 after his release from state custody.
“Emerson Eduardo Ferreira violated the terms of his lawful admission into the United States and brutally victimized a Connecticut resident,” said ICE Enforcement and Removal Operations acting Field Office Director Patricia H. Hyde. “He has shown a blatant disregard for the sanctity of our laws and the safety of our people. ICE Boston remains dedicated to our mission of prioritizing public safety by arresting and removing egregious alien offenders”
Ferreira lawfully entered the United States April 27, 1999, and later violated the terms of his lawful admission.
The Connecticut Superior Court in Bridgeport convicted Ferreira Aug. 9, 2023, of sexual assault – spouse/cohabitant, unlawful restraint first degree and two counts of violation of a protective order. The court sentenced Ferreira to a total of 18 years in prison suspended after four years then followed by ten years of probation.
ICE issued an immigration detainer against Ferreira April 28, 2024, with the Connecticut Department of Corrections and served him with a notice to appear before a Department of Justice immigration judge after arresting him. Ferreira remains in ICE custody.
Members of the public can report crimes and suspicious activity by dialing 866-DHS-2-ICE (866-347-2423) or completing the online tip form.
Learn more about ICE’s mission to increase public safety in our New England communities on X: @EROBoston.
Source: US State of North Dakota
A grand jury in Chicago returned an indictment yesterday charging a high-ranking affiliate of the Sinaloa Cartel for allegedly manufacturing and distributing fentanyl, cocaine, heroin, and other drugs and importing them into the United States.
“As alleged, the defendant conspired to traffic dangerous drugs, including fentanyl, into the United States — and employed dozens of gunmen to protect his drug trafficking operation and the leadership of the Guzman faction of the Sinaloa Cartel,” said Supervisory Official Antoinette T. Bacon of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division. “Stopping Mexican cartels from poisoning our communities with fentanyl and other narcotics is a top priority of this Administration. Today’s indictment demonstrates that the Criminal Division is relentless in its pursuit of the drug traffickers who profit at the expense of the American people.”
“Our nation’s fentanyl crisis has devastated individuals and families in northern Illinois and throughout the country,” said Acting U.S. Attorney Morris Pasqual for the Northern District of Illinois. “Our office will continue to work with our law enforcement partners to disrupt the production and trafficking of fentanyl and other dangerous narcotics before they can reach more victims.”
“From San Diego to Chicago to D.C., we are united to bring down the traffickers pushing these poisons into American communities,” said U.S. Attorney Tara McGrath for the Southern District of California. “We are attacking at every level — from street dealers to cartel leaders.”
“This indictment reinforces the FBI’s unwavering commitment to hold accountable those who endanger our communities and traffic violence and drugs across our borders,” said Assistant Director Chad Yarbrough of the FBI’s Criminal Investigative Division. “Let this serve as a clear message: if you engage in cartel activity, we will pursue you and bring you to justice. Together with our law enforcement partners at every level, we remain fully committed to protecting the American people and stopping the flow of these dangerous drugs into our nation.”
According to court documents, Ceferino Espinoza Angulo, 43, employed dozens of gunmen in Mexico to protect and support the leadership of the Guzman faction of the Sinaloa Cartel, including Ivan Guzman-Salazar, Jesus Alfredo Guzman-Salazar, Ovidio Guzman-Lopez, and Joaquin Guzman-Lopez, collectively known as “the Chapitos.” Espinoza Angulo allegedly conspired to obtain fentanyl precursor chemicals and to manufacture, distribute, and import into the United States fentanyl, cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, and ecstasy. Ceferino Espinoza also allegedly illegally possessed a machinegun in furtherance of his drug trafficking scheme.
The Chapitos are the sons of Joaquin Guzman Loera, also known as “El Chapo,” who led the Sinaloa Cartel before being convicted by a federal jury in Brooklyn, New York, and sentenced to life in prison. The Chapitos allegedly assumed their father’s role as leaders of the Sinaloa Cartel. The Chapitos have been charged with drug trafficking in other U.S. indictments.
Espinoza Angulo is charged with drug conspiracy and firearm offenses. If convicted, he faces a mandatory minimum penalty of 30 years in prison and a maximum penalty of life in prison. Espinoza Angulo is believed to be residing in Mexico, and a U.S. warrant has been issued for his arrest.
The FBI and Homeland Security Investigations investigated the case. Valuable assistance was provided by the Drug Enforcement Administration’s Special Operations Division, Bilateral Investigations Unit, and the Portland, Oregon, Police Bureau, Narcotics and Organized Crime Unit, High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Interdiction Taskforce.
Trial Attorney Kirk Handrich of the Criminal Division’s Narcotic and Dangerous Drug Section, Assistant U.S. Attorneys Michelle Parthum and Andrew C. Erskine for the Northern District of Illinois, and Assistant U.S. Attorney Matthew Sutton for the Southern District of California prosecuted the case.
The case is part of an Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force (OCDETF) operation. OCDETF identifies, disrupts, and dismantles drug trafficking organizations and other criminal networks that threaten the United States using a prosecutor-led, intelligence-driven, multi-agency approach that leverages the strengths of federal, state, and local enforcement agencies.
An indictment is merely an allegation. All defendants are presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt in a court of law.
Source: US State of Connecticut
Professor Tania N. Valdez, a George Washington University Law School faculty member and an attorney who has represented immigrants for more than a decade, will speak about “Immigration Law and the New Presidential Administration’’ next month.
Her March 11 virtual presentation is part of the School of Business’ Equity Now speaker series and it will be livestreamed at 6 p.m. Students, faculty, staff, alumni and friends of the university are welcome to participate.
“Our nation’s focus on immigration enforcement has increased in the last few decades, and although I’m not sure I would have predicted it being this dramatic, it has all been leading to this moment,’’ Valdez said.
For decades, the U.S. has welcomed more immigrants than any other country, and is currently home to approximately one-fifth of the world’s international immigrants, according to the Pew Research Center. The U.S. foreign-born population reached more than 47 million in 2023, composing about 14 percent of the total population. In contrast, in 1970, the immigrant population was about 4.7 percent of the total population. According to 2022 records, the largest population of U.S. immigrants were from Mexico, India, China, the Philippines, and El Salvador.
While the Biden Administration had a more immigrant-friendly policy, President Trump campaigned on a platform of immigration reform and deportation. Since taking office in January, he has essentially shut down the American asylum system, empowered ICE agents to make sweeping arrests, and assigned the Pentagon to assist with border enforcement.
Valdez will examine myths and truths about immigration policy, explore current events relating to immigration, including birthright citizenship, and identify the consequences of an aggressive immigration policy on individuals, businesses, and the American economy.
One of the topics that Valdez is passionate about is birthright citizenship, a constitutional right that guarantees that most people born in the United States automatically become U.S. citizens, regardless of their parents’ country of origin. A recent executive order by the Trump administration attempts to repeal that policy. Valdez will address the constitutionality of that order and the likely effects it will produce.
She will also speak about mass deportation and detention. Her research highlights the inadequacies of protections for noncitizens in removal proceedings, particularly in the current era of aggressive immigration enforcement.
“We’ve all heard about ICE enforcement and raids, and I’d like to talk about what it means for the immigration system as a whole and what rights and protections are afforded to immigrants through proceedings,’’ she said. “In the last month, there has been a ratcheting up of public displays of immigration enforcement and widespread fear about raids. By March 11, we will probably know more about the extent to which it’s actually happening.’’
Valdez also hopes to address the impact of immigration enforcement on business, such as agriculture. “To date we’ve seen masses of people not showing up for work because they are afraid,’’ she said. “We have crops rotting in the fields. Agriculture did not have enough workers to begin with, and now it is far, far worse.’’
The Equity Now Speaker Series is produced by the UConn School of Business in coordination with the Academy of Legal Studies in Business, Virginia Tech, Indiana University, and Temple University. This is the third of five programs during the 2024-25 academic year. To register for the program, please visit our Webex registration link
Source: United States Attorneys General 2
A grand jury in Chicago returned an indictment yesterday charging a high-ranking affiliate of the Sinaloa Cartel for allegedly manufacturing and distributing fentanyl, cocaine, heroin, and other drugs and importing them into the United States.
“As alleged, the defendant conspired to traffic dangerous drugs, including fentanyl, into the United States — and employed dozens of gunmen to protect his drug trafficking operation and the leadership of the Guzman faction of the Sinaloa Cartel,” said Supervisory Official Antoinette T. Bacon of the Justice Department’s Criminal Division. “Stopping Mexican cartels from poisoning our communities with fentanyl and other narcotics is a top priority of this Administration. Today’s indictment demonstrates that the Criminal Division is relentless in its pursuit of the drug traffickers who profit at the expense of the American people.”
“Our nation’s fentanyl crisis has devastated individuals and families in northern Illinois and throughout the country,” said Acting U.S. Attorney Morris Pasqual for the Northern District of Illinois. “Our office will continue to work with our law enforcement partners to disrupt the production and trafficking of fentanyl and other dangerous narcotics before they can reach more victims.”
“From San Diego to Chicago to D.C., we are united to bring down the traffickers pushing these poisons into American communities,” said U.S. Attorney Tara McGrath for the Southern District of California. “We are attacking at every level — from street dealers to cartel leaders.”
“This indictment reinforces the FBI’s unwavering commitment to hold accountable those who endanger our communities and traffic violence and drugs across our borders,” said Assistant Director Chad Yarbrough of the FBI’s Criminal Investigative Division. “Let this serve as a clear message: if you engage in cartel activity, we will pursue you and bring you to justice. Together with our law enforcement partners at every level, we remain fully committed to protecting the American people and stopping the flow of these dangerous drugs into our nation.”
According to court documents, Ceferino Espinoza Angulo, 43, employed dozens of gunmen in Mexico to protect and support the leadership of the Guzman faction of the Sinaloa Cartel, including Ivan Guzman-Salazar, Jesus Alfredo Guzman-Salazar, Ovidio Guzman-Lopez, and Joaquin Guzman-Lopez, collectively known as “the Chapitos.” Espinoza Angulo allegedly conspired to obtain fentanyl precursor chemicals and to manufacture, distribute, and import into the United States fentanyl, cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine, and ecstasy. Ceferino Espinoza also allegedly illegally possessed a machinegun in furtherance of his drug trafficking scheme.
The Chapitos are the sons of Joaquin Guzman Loera, also known as “El Chapo,” who led the Sinaloa Cartel before being convicted by a federal jury in Brooklyn, New York, and sentenced to life in prison. The Chapitos allegedly assumed their father’s role as leaders of the Sinaloa Cartel. The Chapitos have been charged with drug trafficking in other U.S. indictments.
Espinoza Angulo is charged with drug conspiracy and firearm offenses. If convicted, he faces a mandatory minimum penalty of 30 years in prison and a maximum penalty of life in prison. Espinoza Angulo is believed to be residing in Mexico, and a U.S. warrant has been issued for his arrest.
The FBI and Homeland Security Investigations investigated the case. Valuable assistance was provided by the Drug Enforcement Administration’s Special Operations Division, Bilateral Investigations Unit, and the Portland, Oregon, Police Bureau, Narcotics and Organized Crime Unit, High Intensity Drug Trafficking Areas Interdiction Taskforce.
Trial Attorney Kirk Handrich of the Criminal Division’s Narcotic and Dangerous Drug Section, Assistant U.S. Attorneys Michelle Parthum and Andrew C. Erskine for the Northern District of Illinois, and Assistant U.S. Attorney Matthew Sutton for the Southern District of California prosecuted the case.
The case is part of an Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Force (OCDETF) operation. OCDETF identifies, disrupts, and dismantles drug trafficking organizations and other criminal networks that threaten the United States using a prosecutor-led, intelligence-driven, multi-agency approach that leverages the strengths of federal, state, and local enforcement agencies.
An indictment is merely an allegation. All defendants are presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt in a court of law.
Source: European Parliament
The Commission is aware of the challenges facing the outermost regions in terms of water shortages and is fully committed to supporting these regions in improving water management and related infrastructure.
The Commission reiterated this commitment in its communication on the outermost regions[1] of May 2022, which aims to contribute to improving the quality of life of citizens in these regions, in particular as regards basic needs such as water and sanitation.
An independent study[2] on living conditions and access to basic needs in the outermost regions published by the Commission in 2024 further sheds light into the remaining challenges related to access to drinking water and sanitation in some of these regions.
The European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) provides substantial financial support to the French outermost regions on structural investments in drinking water and sanitation, for example to ensure the resilience of water catchments, develop drinking water treatment facilities and equipment, and improve the efficiency of distribution networks.
Support to drinking water is also a priority for cohesion policy in these regions in 2021-2027. For instance, in Réunion, Guadeloupe, Saint Martin, and Mayotte, the ERDF will invest respectively EUR 106 million, EUR 148 million, EUR 10 million and EUR 47.5 million to improve the quality of drinking water and sanitation infrastructure.
In addition, the directive on the quality of water intended for human consumption[3] includes provisions to protect human health by ensuring that drinking water is clean and to improve access to drinking water, in particular for vulnerable and marginalised groups.
Member States had to transpose this directive into national law by 12 January 2023, which France did.
Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)
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Source: United Nations General Assembly and Security Council
Solidarity and social inclusion are more important than ever as the world grapples with multiple emergencies such as the climate crisis, democratic backsliding and repeated human rights abuses, high-level ministers said today at a panel discussion at the 2025 session of the Commission for Social Development.
Ministers ranging from Sweden to Uganda in a panel discussion titled “Strengthening solidarity and social cohesion” spotlighted various ways their Governments were working to promote progress in health, education, gender equality, human rights, microfinance and macroeconomic measures, while also calling on the wider international community to recommit to sustainable development. They expressed concern that trust and faith in Government and institutions had eroded in recent years just as progress faced new roadblocks.
“Progress towards eradication of poverty has lately stalled,” said the Commission’s Chair, Krzysztof Maria Szczerski (Poland), who also moderated the discussion. Income and wealth inequality remain, while decent work is in short supply. These developments, together with global trends and intersecting crises, hamper social inclusion. “Governments need to tackle these challenges, but trust in them is in decline in many countries, weakening social cohesion and limiting the effectiveness of the social policies,” he stressed. Key to addressing these challenges is strengthening solidarity. Stressing the need to combat mis- and disinformation, he said that citizen participation in Government and policy can indeed boost trust in the public sector.
Kaisa Juuso, Minister for Social Affairs and Health of Finland, said that a society’s resilience to challenges and crises heavily relies on social cohesion and trust. Universal social protection — such as health services, long-term care and education — enhances stability and security. She went on to introduce the so-called “economy of well-being” approach, emphasizing that the policies and structures supporting human well-being are vital for inclusive economic growth. They are linked directly to economic activity, labour market participation and productivity, she said, adding that it highlights the mutually reinforcing nature of economy and well-being and encourages collaboration across sectors. Investing in universal health coverage, social protection, education and gender equality is key to social cohesion and inclusive economic growth. These together with decent work and inclusive labour markets are “the best ways to tackle poverty and discrimination”, she said. Stressing the importance of leaving no population groups behind, she affirmed that “in Finland, we share a deep understanding in society that a nation can only prosper by providing an enabling environment for everyone to grow to their fullest potential”.
“As one of the largest donors to the global development system, Sweden remains fully committed to reaching the SDG targets, but we are not happy with the progress,” said Camilla Waltersson-Grönvall, Minister for Social Services of Sweden. According to the World Bank, almost 700 million people live in extreme poverty globally, she added, urging lawmakers and leaders to “work hard to ensure sound and inclusive social protection systems”. This is fundamental to guarantee that those in vulnerable situations receive the support they need. Sweden believes that gender equality is both a human right and a key driver of inclusive growth and social development. Turning to child rights, she highlighted several national efforts and underscored evidence that suggests there is a correlation between children growing up in circumstances of parity and deprivation and increased risks in terms of worse physical and mental health, worse educational achievement and lower participation in society. “Families and parents might be the most important tool to prevent children from ending up in negative patterns,” she added.
Betty Amongi Ongom, Minister for Gender, Labour and Social Development of Uganda, highlighted her country’s initiatives to promote social integration by prioritizing health, education, microfinance and macroeconomic measures to drive growth. These efforts have facilitated the absorption of unemployed youth into the private sector. Uganda has also attracted investors through prudent economic and investment policies that have bolstered foreign direct investment (FDI). The country has reformed its labour laws and encouraged private-sector investment in health insurance policies. To further support vulnerable groups, Uganda has made affordable financial services accessible to women, youth, persons with disabilities, older persons, refugees and the rural poor. “We are offering online services with affordable Internet and technology, enabling the rural poor to access many services online,” she noted. Vulnerable communities have also benefited from grants and cash transfers. Additionally, Uganda launched free skilling programmes targeting the underprivileged and supported the establishment of shared facilities, which are freely available to help women and youth incubate their businesses.
Maria Luisa Ramirez, Vice-Minister for Foreign Affairs of Guatemala, said the Government has worked hard to improve trust in institutions, through fighting corruption, providing access to public information and encouraging citizen participation in the formulation of public policies. “In Guatemala, around 59 per cent of the population live in conditions of poverty, with significant differences in the rural and Indigenous areas,” she added. This has led the Government to promote policies for social protection, ensuring that the most vulnerable families have access to quality education, health services with a cultural perspective and opportunities for dignified employment. Concentrating on this is very important “to prevent everyone having to leave rural areas to go to urban areas”, she added. Guatemala is also seeking to promote a safe environment for investment and for entrepreneurship through generating trust in key sectors such as sustainable agriculture and the digitalization of services.
Mahdi Mohamed Djama, Director General of the Social Development Agency in Djibouti, highlighted the significant challenges faced by his country, which has a population of just over 1 million. These challenges include severe weather, desertification and a youth unemployment rate of 73 per cent for those under 25. While Djibouti’s economy has shown resilience — with gross domestic product (GDP) growth averaging 6 per cent from 2011 to 2021 and reaching 6.7 per cent in 2023 — it remains marked by inequality, with a Gini coefficient of 41.6 and an extreme poverty rate of 19.1 per cent. Djibouti Vision 2035 places human capital development and social infrastructure at its core. The Government has implemented social welfare programmes, job creation initiatives through vocational training, and support for small- and medium-sized enterprises. It has also launched efforts to promote solidarity and transparency. To address inequality and poverty, Djibouti is focused on diversifying its economy while strengthening its social and economic systems.
US Senate News:
Source: United States Senator Tommy Tuberville (Alabama)
WASHINGTON – U.S. Senator Tommy Tuberville (R-AL) and U.S. Senator Rick Scott (R-FL) announced the reintroduction of the Denying Earnings to the Military Oligarchy in Cuba and Restricting Activities of the Cuban Intelligence Apparatus (DEMOCRACIA) Act to hold the illegitimate communist Cuban regime accountable through severe sanctions and unprecedented financial pressure.
“Thanks to President Trump, we have strength in the White House again,” said Sen. Tuberville. “The United States will not stand by while the Cuban communist regime commits heinous human rights abuses and takes political prisoners. If Cuba wants to continue committing these crimes, they should be sanctioned. I am proud to join my colleagues in standing up against this evil regime.”
“Cuba is the root of instability in Latin America and a constant threat to the national security of the United States, only emboldened by the past four years of Biden-Harris appeasement policies,” said Sen. Scott.“The illegitimate, communist Castro/Díaz-Canel regime harbors terrorist groups, denies freedom and democracy to the Cuban people while providing a secret police force to Maduro to oppress the Venezuelan people, and hosts a Chinese Communist Party spy station 90 miles from Florida. The Cuban regime props up ruthless dictators and allows a foothold in Latin America for Russia, Iran and Communist China to spread their influence. President Trump and Secretary of State Marco Rubio have already taken action to hold the Cuban regime accountable, including reversing Biden’s dangerous decision to remove them from the State Sponsor of Terrorism List, but we must keep the pressure going. My DEMOCRACIA Act will build on their efforts by implementing severe sanctions against Communist Cuba and closes existing sanctions gaps. It will also authorize the president to provide unrestricted internet service to the people of Cuba that is not censored by the Cuban regime. The United States continues to stand with the Cuban people, and this bill will send a powerful message as we work to bring a new day of freedom and democracy to Cuba and the entire western hemisphere.”
Read full text of the legislation here.
BACKGROUND:
Authorizes the president to impose sanctions—blocking assets and denying entry into the United States—on a foreign person if the president determines that the person knowingly engages in an activity with Cuba’s defense sector, security sector, intelligence sector, or any other sector involved in carrying out human rights abuses or providing support for international terrorism.
A foreign person or senior official that provides significant financial, material or technological support to, or engages in a significant transaction with Cuba’s defense, security or intelligence sector or any entity or individual affiliated with that sector (including their immediate adult family member),
Any entities that are owned, directly or indirectly, 25% or more by one or more designated persons are also subject to sanctions,
Any foreign person that is a military contractor, mercenary or paramilitary force knowingly operating in a military, security, or intelligence capacity for or on behalf of the Cuban regime.
Authorizes the President to impose sanctions with respect to human rights abuse and corruption in Cuba including:
Members of the Communist Party of Cuba, to include the Office of Religious Affairs and members of the Politburo and the Central Committee,
Members of the Council of State and the Council of Ministers,
Ministry of the Interior of Cuba, to include, the National Revolutionary Police Force,
Members of the committee for the Defense of the Revolution,
The Revolutionary Armed Forces of Cuba,
Office of the President of Cuba,
Any official of the Cuban regime who works with the Ministry of Justice or the Office of the Attorney General and who violates due process rights of an individual in Cuba,
The spouse and children of any of these blocked individuals are also subject to these sanctions.
Authorizes the President to terminate these sanctions only if he certifies to Congress that the Government of Cuba:
Has released all political prisoners,
Legalized all political parties,
Establishes a free press, and
Free, fair, multiparty internationally observed elections are scheduled in a timely manner.
Authorizes the president to immediately use all means possible to provide unrestricted, reliable internet service to the people of Cuba that is not censored or blocked by the Cuban regime
Requires the President to establish a taskforce to develop long-term solutions for providing reliable internet service to the people of Cuba that is not censored or blocked by the Cuban regime
Senator Tommy Tuberville represents Alabama in the United States Senate and is a member of the Senate Armed Services, Agriculture, Veterans’ Affairs, HELP, and Aging Committees.
Source: The Conversation – USA – By Tara Sonenshine, Edward R. Murrow Professor of Practice in Public Diplomacy, Tufts University
Compassion comes easily to me.
As the granddaughter of immigrants from Lithuania and Poland who spoke little English, I understand what it’s like to be treated as a stranger in America.
As a journalist, I covered stories of war and trauma in the 1990s, including the crushing of Chinese protests in Tiananmen Square and the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989, followed by the Soviet Union’s collapse two years later. I covered the war between Iraq and Iran. I witnessed ethnic strife in South Africa and the toll poverty takes in Mexico.
As a professor of cultural engagement and public diplomacy, I have watched and studied how compassion can help build and strengthen civil society.
And having worked in senior levels of the U.S. government for Presidents Bill Clinton and Barack Obama on international conflict resolution, I have learned that compassion is a key ingredient of peacemaking.
Especially now, as President Donald Trump seeks to deport millions of immigrants living in the U.S. without authorization and to stop funding the U.S. Agency for International Development, which has long spent billions of dollars a year helping the world’s poorest people, compassion seems lacking among U.S. leaders.
Perhaps that all explains my curiosity about a new study on the state of compassion in America – part of the glue that holds communities together.
Sociologists define compassion as the human regard for the suffering of others, and the notion of using action to alleviate this pain.
The report that caught my eye was issued in January 2025 by the Muhammad Ali Center, which the late boxer co-founded 20 years ago in Louisville, Kentucky, to advance social justice.
As the Ali Center explains, compassion starts with the individual – self-care and personal wellness. It then radiates out to the wider community in the form of action and engagement.
You can see compassion at work in the actions of a Pasadena, California, girl, who started a donation hub for teens affected by fires that ripped through the Los Angeles region in early 2025. She began collecting sports bras, hair ties and fashionable sweaters – helping hundreds of her peers begin to recover from their losses in material and emotional ways.
It’s also visible in the estimated 6.8 million people in the U.S. who donate blood each year, according to the American Red Cross.
While Ali is best known for his battles in the ring and his outspoken political views, he also helped those in need in the U.S. and other countries through large charitable donations and his participation in United Nations missions to countries like Afghanistan, where he helped deliver millions of meals to hungry people.
The researchers who worked on the Ali Center report interviewed more than 5,000 U.S. adults living in 12 cities in 2024 in order to learn more about the prevalence of compassionate behaviors such as charitable giving, volunteering and assisting others in their recovery from disasters.
They found that the desire to help others still animates many Americans despite the nation’s current polarization and divisive politics.
The center has created an index it calls the “net compassion score.” It approximates the degree to which Americans give their time and money to programs and activities that nurture and strengthen their communities.
Cities with high compassion scores have more community engagement and civic participation than those with low scores. A higher-scoring community performs better when it comes to things like public housing and mental health resources, for example. Its residents report more career opportunities, better communications between local government and citizens, more community programs and more optimism around economic development where they live.
The report provides some clues as to what drives compassionate behavior in a city: a sense of spirituality, good education, decent health care, resources for activities like sports, and opportunities to engage in local politics.
All told, Americans rate their country as a 9 on a scale that runs from minus 100 to 100.
The report also identified some troubling obstacles that stand in the way of what it calls “self-compassion” – meaning how volunteers and donors treat their own mental and physical health. Frequent struggles with self-care can lead to rising levels of isolation and loneliness.
The 2025 Compassion Report’s findings show that many Americans still want to live in a compassionate country but also that Americans view the country as less compassionate today than four years ago.
The report delves into gaps in compassion. About one-third of those interviewed acknowledged that there are groups toward whom they feel less compassionate toward, such as people who have been convicted of crimes, immigrants living in the U.S. without authorization and the rich.
Only 29% said they feel compassion toward everyone.
The report also identifies gender gaps. Despite expressing greater awareness of systemic challenges, the women surveyed reported less self-compassion than men.
It’s not the first compassion study ever done. But I believe that this one is unique due to its focus on specific cities, and how it assessed limits on the compassion some people feel toward certain groups.
The Compassion Institute, another nonprofit, seeks to weave compassion training into health care education to “create a more caring and humanitarian world.” It cites the benefits of compassion for human beings, with everything from reducing stress to alleviating the effects of disease on the mind and body.
Academic institutions, including Stanford University, have conducted many studies on how teaching compassion can guide health care professionals to both treat patients better and achieve better outcomes.
A team of Emory University researchers examined how training people to express more compassion can reduce stress hormones levels, triggering positive brain responses that improve immune responses.
Although there are plenty of adorable videos of dogs and cats behaving kindly with each other or their human companions, historically compassion has differentiated humans from animals.
Human beings possess powers of emotional reasoning that give us an edge.
Scholars are still working to discover how much of human compassion is rooted in emotional reasoning. Another factor they’ve identified is the aftermath of trauma. Studies have found evidence that it can increase empathy later on.
You might imagine that in a world of hurt, there’s a deficit of compassion for others. But the Ali Center’s report keeps alive the notion that Americans remain compassionate people who want to help others.
My experiences around the world and within the U.S. have taught me that human beings both have the power to be violent and destructive. But despite it all, there is, within all of us, the innate ability and desire to be compassionate. That is a net positive for our country.
Tara Sonenshine does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.
– ref. Even as polarization surges, Americans believe they live in a compassionate country – https://theconversation.com/even-as-polarization-surges-americans-believe-they-live-in-a-compassionate-country-247677
Source: Office of United States Attorneys
Danielle R. Sassoon, the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York; Antoinette T. Bacon, the Supervisory Official for the U.S. Justice Department’s Criminal Division; and James E. Dennehy, the Assistant Director in Charge of the New York Field Office of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (“FBI”), announced today the filing of charges against DANIEL SIKKEMA in connection with his role in a murder-for-hire plot that resulted in the death of his husband in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The charges are contained in a Superseding Indictment unsealed today in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. SIKKEMA was previously charged in the Southern District of New York for passport fraud. The case is pending before U.S. District Judge Edgardo Ramos.
U.S. Attorney Danielle R. Sassoon said: “As alleged, Daniel Sikkema and his co-conspirator planned and carried out a cold-blooded plot to murder Sikkema’s husband, a United States citizen, in Brazil. This Office will doggedly pursue justice against those who murder United States citizens, whether at home or abroad.”
FBI Assistant Director in Charge James E. Dennehy said: “In the midst of a tense divorce, Daniel Sikkema allegedly financed the premature death of his estranged husband. The defendant allegedly hired a hitman to facilitate the international murder of his husband, and attempted to conceal his involvement in this callous plan. The FBI will continue to vigorously investigate any individual who selfishly and mercilessly orders the end to another’s life, regardless of where the crime may occur.”
According to the allegations in the Superseding Indictment:[1]
In 2023, SIKKEMA agreed with another individual (“CC-1”) that SIKKEMA would pay CC-1 to kill SIKKEMA’s estranged husband (the “Victim”) in Brazil. At that time, SIKKEMA and the Victim were engaged in contentious divorce proceedings and the Victim regularly traveled to Brazil and owned property in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. To facilitate the murder-for-hire plot, SIKKEMA, a U.S. and Cuban citizen, sent multiple payments to CC-1 and CC-1’s romantic partner in Cuba. SIKKEMA also concealed the source of each of these payments by using either a stolen identity or an intermediary to send them.
On January 14, 2024, CC-1 murdered the Victim in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In the days that followed, SIKKEMA and CC-1 continued to communicate and SIKKEMA arranged for a payment of approximately $5,000 to be made to CC-1 and promised to make an additional payment at a later date.
On January 18, 2024, CC-1 was arrested by Brazilian law enforcement for his involvement in the commission of the Victim’s murder.
* * *
SIKKEMA, 54, of New York, New York, is charged with one count of murder-for-hire conspiracy resulting in death, one count of murder-for-hire resulting in death, one count of conspiracy to murder and maim a person in a foreign country, and one count of passport fraud. If convicted, he faces a mandatory penalty of life in prison or death.
The maximum potential sentences in this case are prescribed by Congress and provided here for informational purposes only, as any sentencing of the defendant will be determined by the judge.
Ms. Sassoon praised the outstanding investigative work of the FBI New York Field Office.
The case is being handled by the Office’s General Crimes Unit. Assistant U.S. Attorney Meredith C. Foster and Remy Grosbard for the Southern District of New York are in charge of the prosecution with assistance from Trial Attorney Chelsea Schinnour of the Criminal Division’s Human Rights and Special Prosecutions Section.
The charges contained in the Superseding Indictment are merely accusations, and the defendant is presumed innocent unless and until proven guilty.
[1] As the introductory phrase signifies, the entirety of the text of the Superseding Indictment and the description of the Superseding Indictment set forth herein constitute only allegations, and every fact descried therein should be treated as an allegation.
Source: The Conversation – UK – By Sebastian Smart, Senior Research Fellow in Access to Justice, Law and Technology, Anglia Ruskin University
Bosses of tech giants Meta, Google and X had front row seats at Donald Trump’s recent presidential inauguration. This special treatment highlighted the increasingly cosy relationship between leaders of technology companies and the White House.
Just a few weeks before the ceremony, Meta boss Mark Zuckerberg had pledged to “work with President Trump to push back on governments around the world that are going after American companies and pushing to censor more”.
Zuckerberg also highlighted, and criticised, the restrictions that the European Union and Latin American nations had put in place to legally restrict the social media giants. These include liability for moderation and limiting targeted advertising.
However, Latin America is emerging as the region which is moving fast to protect democratic institutions from misuse of social media, and other technology.
For instance, Brazil’s proposed fake news bill (Lei das Fake News) seeks to regulate social media and curb misinformation. It has faced strong opposition from Google. The bill is still under consideration by Brazil’s Congress.
Read more:
Meta’s shift to ‘community notes’ risks hurting online health info providers more than ever
Other examples include how, in August 2024, Brazil’s Supreme Court temporarily banned X for failing to comply with legal requirements, including blocking social media accounts accused of spreading misinformation linked to the 2022 election. X had also failed to appoint a local legal official.
The platform remained suspended until October 8 2024, when X complied with the court’s orders, paid fines totalling 28 million reals (£3.9 million), and appointed a legal representative.
The court decision has been part of a broader effort in Brazil to protect its democracy and restrict potential disruption from use of technology or social media.
This push intensified after allies of then president Jair Bolsonaro used social media to spread misinformation (ahead of the 2022 elections), and then attack democratic institutions, and mobilise supporters in the lead-up to the January 8 2023 attacks on government buildings.
Digital platforms were used to spread false claims of voter fraud and discredit mainstream media as well as spread misinformation about Bolsonaro’s opponents. These efforts fuelled conspiracy theories and protests, which later turned violent. In response, Brazil’s Supreme Federal Court tightened regulations, ordering platforms to remove false election claims.
But the region’s regulatory efforts extend beyond social media into other emerging technologies. Colombia, Ecuador and Chile – among others – are currently debating regulations of artificial intelligence (AI) and looking at AI’s human rights and environmental impact.
Chile was the first country to recognise neurorights (brain rights) in its constitution, ensuring protections against the misuse of neurotechnology, such as brain-computer interfaces that could read or manipulate thoughts, emotions or cognitive processes. These developing technologies could be used in medicine, but also raise ethical concerns about privacy and cognitive freedom.
Political leaders across Latin America also regularly challenge global technology leaders over their effect on society. Chile’s president, Gabriel Boric, has criticised Elon Musk’s support for far-right movements. Brazil’s president, Lula da Silva, said the world did not have to put up with Musk’s “far-right free-for-all just because he is rich”. Brazil’s first lady, Janja Lula da Silva, was even more direct. During a global summit on social media regulation, she declared: “I’m not afraid of you, fuck you, Elon Musk.”
Many people in Latin America remember how political power was abused in the recent past to undermine democracy. During the military dictatorships of the 1970s and 1980s in countries such as Chile, Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay, many businesses supported repressive regimes.
After the coup in Chile in 1973, Augusto Pinochet’s authoritarian government privatised industries and cut social protections with help from the Chicago Boys, a group of US-trained Latin American economists. The regime crushed dissent through state violence, and imprisoned and tortured thousands of people.
In the early 1970s, Chilean president Salvador Allende had tried to establish the Cybersyn Project, an ambitious initiative to create an economic planning system using networked telex machines and an early form of algorithmic decision-making. It was designed to enhance state control over the economy, while reducing dependence on foreign corporations. But Cybersyn was dismantled after the US-backed military coup that installed Pinochet’s dictatorship.
Today, Latin America may be better positioned to counter foreign influence than it was in the 1970s. Brazil’s leadership at the recent G20 global summit, where it successfully pushed for social media and artificial intelligence regulation, showed that there is a regional will to push back against the demands, and power, of Silicon Valley’s technology giants.
The question is whether these countries can sustain their efforts against pressure from big companies, economic pressure (such as tariffs) and shifting geopolitical alliances. If they do, Latin American nations could provide a much-needed counterweight to corporate influence, and an example to the rest of the world of what could be achieved.
Sebastian Smart receives funding from FONDECYT-Chile
– ref. Latin America is moving fast to protect democracy from excesses of big tech – https://theconversation.com/latin-america-is-moving-fast-to-protect-democracy-from-excesses-of-big-tech-248487