Category: Natural Disasters

  • MIL-OSI USA: SPC Severe Thunderstorm Watch 187

    Source: US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

    Note:  The expiration time in the watch graphic is amended if the watch is replaced, cancelled or extended.Note: Click for Watch Status Reports.
    SEL7

    URGENT – IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
    Severe Thunderstorm Watch Number 187
    NWS Storm Prediction Center Norman OK
    855 AM CDT Tue Apr 29 2025

    The NWS Storm Prediction Center has issued a

    * Severe Thunderstorm Watch for portions of
    Northern Arkansas
    Southwest Illinois
    Southern Missouri

    * Effective this Tuesday morning and afternoon from 855 AM until
    300 PM CDT.

    * Primary threats include…
    Scattered damaging winds likely with isolated significant gusts
    to 75 mph possible
    Scattered large hail events to 1.5 inches in diameter possible
    A tornado or two possible

    SUMMARY…A fast-moving line of thunderstorms over southwest
    Missouri and northwest Arkansas will track eastward across the watch
    today. Locally damaging wind gusts and hail are possible with this
    activity.

    The severe thunderstorm watch area is approximately along and 65
    statute miles north and south of a line from 40 miles northwest of
    Harrison AR to 20 miles south of Carbondale IL. For a complete
    depiction of the watch see the associated watch outline update
    (WOUS64 KWNS WOU7).

    PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS…

    REMEMBER…A Severe Thunderstorm Watch means conditions are
    favorable for severe thunderstorms in and close to the watch area.
    Persons in these areas should be on the lookout for threatening
    weather conditions and listen for later statements and possible
    warnings. Severe thunderstorms can and occasionally do produce
    tornadoes.

    &&

    OTHER WATCH INFORMATION…CONTINUE…WW 186…

    AVIATION…A few severe thunderstorms with hail surface and aloft to
    1.5 inches. Extreme turbulence and surface wind gusts to 65 knots. A
    few cumulonimbi with maximum tops to 500. Mean storm motion vector
    25035.

    …Hart

    Note: The Aviation Watch (SAW) product is an approximation to the watch area. The actual watch is depicted by the shaded areas.
    SAW7
    WW 187 SEVERE TSTM AR IL MO 291355Z – 292000Z
    AXIS..65 STATUTE MILES NORTH AND SOUTH OF LINE..
    40NW HRO/HARRISON AR/ – 20S MDH/CARBONDALE IL/
    ..AVIATION COORDS.. 55NM N/S /34NE RZC – 48ESE FAM/
    HAIL SURFACE AND ALOFT..1.5 INCHES. WIND GUSTS..65 KNOTS.
    MAX TOPS TO 500. MEAN STORM MOTION VECTOR 25035.

    LAT…LON 37629366 38438925 36558925 35749366

    THIS IS AN APPROXIMATION TO THE WATCH AREA. FOR A
    COMPLETE DEPICTION OF THE WATCH SEE WOUS64 KWNS
    FOR WOU7.

    Watch 187 Status Report Message has not been issued yet.

    Note:  Click for Complete Product Text.Tornadoes

    Probability of 2 or more tornadoes

    Low (20%)

    Probability of 1 or more strong (EF2-EF5) tornadoes

    Low ( 65 knots

    Mod (30%)

    Hail

    Probability of 10 or more severe hail events

    Mod (40%)

    Probability of 1 or more hailstones > 2 inches

    Low (20%)

    Combined Severe Hail/Wind

    Probability of 6 or more combined severe hail/wind events

    High (90%)

    For each watch, probabilities for particular events inside the watch (listed above in each table) are determined by the issuing forecaster. The “Low” category contains probability values ranging from less than 2% to 20% (EF2-EF5 tornadoes), less than 5% to 20% (all other probabilities), “Moderate” from 30% to 60%, and “High” from 70% to greater than 95%. High values are bolded and lighter in color to provide awareness of an increased threat for a particular event.

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Latest statement on electrical substation fire | Westminster City Council

    Source: City of Westminster

    A Westminster City Council spokesperson said:

    “We have been supporting around 40 residents since they were evacuated from their homes early this morning. Two rest centres were immediately set up to provide residents with refreshments and support from housing and welfare officers. We will continue to offer support until those affected can return to their homes.”

     Information about road closures and available support can be found here.

    MIL OSI United Kingdom

  • MIL-OSI Security: Three Fugitives Arrested in San Juan and Carolina, Puerto Rico

    Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) State Crime News

    SAN JUAN, Puerto Rico – Three individuals who were fugitives since December 2024 were arrested today in the municipalities of San Juan and Carolina, PR, on criminal charges related to their alleged participation on drug trafficking and violent crimes associated to a drug trafficking organization that operated in San Juan, Carolina, and other areas nearby, from in or about 2021 through December 2024, when the arrest operation took place. The three fugitives had been charged in the case of United States v. Victor J. Pérez-Fernández, a.k.a. “La Cone/Vitu/Vitikin/Enano,” et al., Case No. 24-453 (MAJ).

    Defendants [10] Gerald O. Rodríguez-Rodríguez, a.k.a. “Patrón;” [18] Ángel L. Sanjurjo, a.k.a. “Vaca;” and [33] Ramsell Maldonado-Tatis, a.k.a. “R” were arrested by FBI special agents, Puerto Rico Police Bureau and the Carolina Municipal Police Department. They are charged with conspiracy to possess with intent to distribute controlled substances; possession and distribution of heroin, cocaine base (crack), cocaine, marijuana, and fentanyl; and possession of firearms in furtherance of a drug trafficking crime. Defendant Maldonado-Tatis is also facing one count for possession of a machine gun in furtherance of a drug trafficking crime.

    “As alleged in the indictment, these individuals were engaged in violent crime and spread deadly drugs through our communities,” said U.S. Attorney Muldrow.  “Today’s arrests make clear that this Office will work tirelessly to keep the law-abiding residents of Puerto Rico safe and hold accountable those who bring violence to our streets.”

    “The arrests carried out this morning reaffirm our unwavering commitment to dismantling criminal organizations. The message is clear: if you’re part of a violent criminal enterprise, the FBI will work relentlessly to find you and bring you to justice,” said Devin J. Kowalski, Special Agent in Charge of the FBI’s San Juan Field Office. “The residents of Puerto Rico deserve safe communities, and through close collaboration with our local and federal partners, we will continue to bring fugitives to justice and restore peace where it is most needed.”

    According to the charging documents, the drug trafficking organization distributed heroin, fentanyl, crack, cocaine, marijuana, Tramadol, and Clonazepam within 1,000 feet of the Sabana Abajo Public Housing Project (PHP), the Luis Lloréns Torres PHP, the Los Mirtos PHP, the Lagos de Blasina PHP, the La Esmeralda PHP, the El Coral PHP, the Monte Hatillo PHP, and other areas near those locations, all for significant financial gain and profit. The drug trafficking organizations that operated in and around these areas (known as The Alliance) reached an agreement to conduct their drug trafficking operations as allies, which they referred to as “La Paz” (The Peace). At that time, each housing project organization was controlled by their own leadership and structure. As part of The Alliance, there would not be war between these organizations and members would be able to rely on each other for protection, drugs, and weapons.

    Assistant United States Attorney (AUSA) and Chief of the Gang Section Alberto López-Rocafort; Deputy Chief of the Gang Section, AUSA Teresa Zapata-Valladares; and AUSAs Laura Díaz-González, R. Vance Eaton, and Joseph Russell are prosecuting the case.

    This case is part of Operation Take Back America, a nationwide initiative that marshals the full resources of the Department of Justice to repel the invasion of illegal immigration, achieve the total elimination of cartels and transnational criminal organizations (TCOs), and protect our communities from the perpetrators of violent crime. Operation Take Back America streamlines efforts and resources from the Department’s Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces (OCDETFs) and Project Safe Neighborhood (PSN).

    ###

    MIL Security OSI

  • MIL-OSI Security: 344 Immigration Cases Filed in the Western District of Texas This Week

    Source: Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) State Crime News

    SAN ANTONIO – Acting United States Attorney Margaret Leachman for the Western District of Texas announced today that federal prosecutors in the district filed 344 new immigration and immigration-related criminal cases from April 18 through April 24.

    Among the new cases, Henry Cruz-Lemas, an illegal alien and a Honduran national previously convicted of aggravated kidnapping in September 2011 and sentenced to five years in prison. Cruz-Lemas was arrested on April 18 during an Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE ERO) investigation in San Antonio.  He is charged with one count of illegal reentry of an alien.

    Jose Angel Escarcega-Briones, an illegal alien from Mexico, was found approximately 4 miles west of the Tornillo Port of Entry. Border Patrol Agents determined that he did not have immigration documents allowing him to be in the United States legally and that he has previously been removed from the United States 5 times.  He has 3 prior convictions for illegal reentry as well as a federal drug trafficking conviction.

    Jose Alfonso Deras-Valle, a citizen of El Salvador, was found near mile marker 87 of Interstate 10 in Fort Hancock, Texas.  U.S. Border Patrol determined that Deras-Valle had recently been deported to El Salvador on February 21, 2025.  His criminal record includes a murder conviction in Florida for which he received fifteen years in prison.

    U.S. Border Patrol Agents performing line watch operations in an area near Sierra Blanca, Texas encountered three people attempting to conceal themselves in a culvert.  After questioning and investigation, the agents determined the group was in the United States illegally.  Sergio Aguirre-Isidro was determined to be a foot guide for the group and that he was to collect 10,000 Mexican Pesos if the group arrived in the U.S. successfully.

    Junior Enrique Garcia-Escobar, a Honduran national with a prior conviction out of the State of New York for Burglary using/threatening use of a dangerous instrument, was arrested on illegal reentry charges near Eagle Pass, Texas.  He had been sentenced to five years in prison on the burglary charge and was deported in 2019.

    Raul Rodriguez-Morales was arrested by Border Patrol Agents in Del Rio, Texas on April 18, 2025, for illegal reentry after having been deported in January 2025.  Rodriguez-Morales has previous drug convictions in California as well as a conviction for felon in possession of a firearm and two previous convictions for illegal reentry of an alien in 2011 and 2019.

    In Carrizo Springs, Texas, Devarick Dewayne Benson was arrested for conspiring to transport two illegal aliens further into the United States.  Benson was driving a vehicle with fictitious plates and was pulled over for driving 10 miles over the speed limit.  He had two illegal aliens in the trunk of his car.

    A Honduran citizen, Angel Almendarez-Ulloa, was arrested on April 19, 2025, by Border Patrol Agents near Eagle Pass, Texas. Almendarez has been deported from the United States 10 times, with his last deportation to Honduras being on April 21, 2023.

    These cases were referred or supported by our federal law enforcement partners, including Homeland Security Investigations (HSI), Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s Enforcement and Removal Operations (ICE ERO), U.S. Border Patrol, the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), the U.S. Marshals Service (USMS), and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives (ATF), with additional assistance from state and local law enforcement partners.

    The U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Western District of Texas comprises 68 counties located in the central and western areas of Texas, encompasses nearly 93,000 square miles and an estimated population of 7.6 million people. The district includes three of the five largest cities in Texas—San Antonio, Austin and El Paso—and shares 660 miles of common border with the Republic of Mexico.

    These cases are part of Operation Take Back America, a nationwide initiative that marshals the full resources of the Department of Justice to repel the invasion of illegal immigration, achieve the total elimination of cartels and transnational criminal organizations (TCOs), and protect our communities from the perpetrators of violent crime. Operation Take Back America streamlines efforts and resources from the Department’s Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces (OCDETFs) and Project Safe Neighborhood (PSN).

    Indictments and criminal complaints are merely allegations and all defendants are presumed innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt in a court of law.

    MIL Security OSI

  • MIL-OSI Security: Baddeck Inlet — Update: RCMP charge one man after fatal collision investigation

    Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police

    Victoria County District RCMP has charged a man after investigating a fatal collision in Baddeck Inlet.

    On October 7, 2024, at approximately 6:10 p.m., Victoria County District RCMP, fire services, EHS, and the Nova Scotia Department of Public Works responded to a collision near the 8000 block of Hwy. 105. Two vehicles, a Western Star tractor trailer and a Hyundai Tuscon, had collided before coming to rest in the ditch. The driver and passenger in the Hyundai, a 45-year-old man and a 49-year-old woman both of British Columbia, were pronounced deceased at the scene.

    Original news release.

    On April 24, Victoria County District RCMP arrested 36-year-old Matthew Seymour Creelman of Lower Truro. He faces two charges of Dangerous Operation of a Conveyance Causing Death. Creelman was released on conditions and is scheduled to appear in Wagmatcook Provincial Court on June 4.

    An RCMP collision reconstructionist and the Nova Scotia RCMP Interview Assist Team supported the investigation that led to these charges.

    Our thoughts continue to be with the victims’ loved ones.

    MIL Security OSI

  • MIL-OSI: Vodafone Business and Fortinet Expand Global Partnership to Secure Hybrid Work

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    • Vodafone Business expands its converged networking and cybersecurity services powered by the Fortinet Unified SASE solution to new global markets.
    • Vodafone Business has been also designated “Fortinet Global Partner” due to its expertise in designing, deploying, and managing secure connected enterprise solutions globally.

    LONDON and SUNNYVALE, Calif., April 29, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) —

    News Summary

    Vodafone Business and Fortinet® (NASDAQ: FTNT), the global cybersecurity leader driving the convergence of networking and security, today announced an expanded global partnership, extending the reach of their converged networking and cybersecurity services to additional countries across Europe and Asia, as well as the United States. Together, the two companies are helping businesses deliver on the connectivity needs of today’s hybrid workforce and confront the growing volume and sophistication of cyberthreats by converging networking and security into a single, seamless service.

    Large and medium-sized enterprises in Germany and in other European markets as well as multinational businesses served through Vodafone Business International can now benefit from Vodafone Business Secure Networking Services.

    These services integrate Fortinet’s industry-leading software-defined wide area network (SD-WAN) and FortiSASE cloud-based security solutions to help organizations secure their networks. They provide employees with the same secure, reliable access to their work applications regardless of their location all with a single view across network health visibility, performance dashboards, and customizable reports. With connectivity across 192 countries, Vodafone Business offers the scale and reach needed to support secure digital transformation worldwide.

    Today’s announcement, with Vodafone Business attaining the “Fortinet Global Partner” status, underscores both companies’ commitment to supporting regional and international organizations across their IT and operational technology (OT) environments. The value proposition also helps enterprises in meeting cybersecurity compliance standards and requirements.

    This milestone comes amid a surge in cybersecurity incidences, including malware, data breaches, and social engineering, which rose significantly in the European Union in the first half of 2024, according to the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA).

    Marika Auramo, CEO of Vodafone Business, said: “Cybersecurity is an increasing concern for our customers both in-country and cross-border. The breadth and depth of our global partnership with Fortinet means we can provide customers with the benefits of new digital connectivity to more places whilst ensuring that their digital assets, employees, partners and users are protected.”

    Joe Sarno, Executive Vice President, International Sales, Fortinet added: “As organizations digitize and scale across borders, secure connectivity is no longer optional—it’s essential. Our expanded partnership with Vodafone enables us to deliver unified SASE solutions that combine advanced security with exceptional performance so enterprises can confidently connect users, devices, and apps anywhere in the world.”

    Under the Vodafone Business and Fortinet partnership, businesses can purchase integrated services tailored to their needs and supported by Vodafone Business cybersecurity and managed network service experts. Customers can choose from four management options, including 24×7, co-managed network and security, various service-level guarantees, and professional services, including service discovery, design, implementation, and training.

    By combining their global reach and deep security expertise, Vodafone Business and Fortinet empower companies to detect and respond to threats swiftly, reducing risk while protecting operations and customer trust.

    Notes to Editors
    Vodafone Business and Fortinet will work together to further enhance sovereign compliant network operations center (NOC) and secure operations center (SOC) services. Vodafone Business recently opened a cybersecurity center in Düsseldorf, Germany, which will be home to more than 100 cybersecurity experts to help protect enterprise customers of all sizes from online threats.

    Increased automation and AI networking experiences as part of Vodafone Business Network-as-a-Service (NaaS) Platform is another area of focus for Vodafone Business and Fortinet. NaaS meets customer digital transformation needs by bringing together Vodafone’s software-based connectivity products and services, including SD-WAN, SASE/SSE, and Wireless and Fixed Internet Transport Services. It gives customers, or Vodafone Business managed services teams on their behalf, greater flexibility to buy, configure, and manage services to meet their specific dynamic business and AI application demands.

    Vodafone Business Secure Networking offers organizations several future-proofed managed solutions connecting their users, devices, and machinery. They are:    

    • Vodafone Business Secure Firewall with Fortinet delivers a comprehensive managed security service to set up, operate, run, manage, and maintain customer firewalls in a highly secure manner.
    • Vodafone Business Secure SD-WAN with Fortinet, which is ideal for organizations that need to ensure that their operations meet security and compliance regulation, and who need a secure, reliable, and agile network as they embrace the advantages of moving workloads to the cloud. 
    • Vodafone Business FortiSASE is aimed at customers looking to adopt flexible, robust, and secure hybrid work.

    More information around the partnership and Vodafone Business’ offerings can be found here

    Contact details

    About Vodafone Group
    everyone.connected

    Vodafone is a leading European and African telecoms company. We provide mobile and fixed services to over 340 million customers in 15 countries, partner with mobile networks in over 45 more and have one of the world’s largest IoT platforms. In Africa, our financial technology businesses serve almost 83 million customers across seven countries – managing more transactions than any other provider.

    Our purpose is to connect for a better future by using technology to improve lives, businesses and help progress inclusive sustainable societies. We are committed to reducing our environmental impact to reach net zero emissions by 2040.

    For more information, please visit www.vodafone.com follow us on X at @VodafoneGroup or connect with us on LinkedIn at http://www.linkedin.com/company/vodafone.

    About Fortinet
    Fortinet (Nasdaq: FTNT) is a driving force in the evolution of cybersecurity and the convergence of networking and security. Our mission is to secure people, devices, and data everywhere, and today we deliver cybersecurity everywhere our customers need it with the largest integrated portfolio of over 50 enterprise-grade products. Well over half a million customers trust Fortinet’s solutions, which are among the most deployed, most patented, and most validated in the industry. The Fortinet Training Institute, one of the largest and broadest training programs in the industry, is dedicated to making cybersecurity training and new career opportunities available to everyone. Collaboration with esteemed organizations from both the public and private sectors, including Computer Emergency Response Teams (“CERTS”), government entities, and academia, is a fundamental aspect of Fortinet’s commitment to enhance cyber resilience globally. FortiGuard Labs, Fortinet’s elite threat intelligence and research organization, develops and utilizes leading-edge machine learning and AI technologies to provide customers with timely and consistently top-rated protection and actionable threat intelligence. Learn more at https://www.fortinet.com, the Fortinet Blog, and FortiGuard Labs

    Copyright © 2025 Fortinet, Inc. All rights reserved. The symbols ® and ™ denote respectively federally registered trademarks and common law trademarks of Fortinet, Inc., its subsidiaries and affiliates. Fortinet’s trademarks include, but are not limited to, the following: Fortinet, the Fortinet logo, FortiGate, FortiOS, FortiGuard, FortiCare, FortiAnalyzer, FortiManager, FortiASIC, FortiClient, FortiCloud, FortiMail, FortiSandbox, FortiADC, FortiAgent, FortiAI, FortiAIOps, FortiAgent, FortiAntenna, FortiAP, FortiAPCam, FortiAuthenticator, FortiCache, FortiCall, FortiCam, FortiCamera, FortiCarrier, FortiCASB, FortiCentral, FortiCNP, FortiConnect, FortiController, FortiConverter, FortiCSPM, FortiCWP, FortiDAST, FortiDB, FortiDDoS, FortiDeceptor, FortiDeploy, FortiDevSec, FortiDLP, FortiEdge, FortiEDR, FortiEndpoint FortiExplorer, FortiExtender, FortiFirewall, FortiFlex FortiFone, FortiGSLB, FortiGuest, FortiHypervisor, FortiInsight, FortiIsolator, FortiLAN, FortiLink, FortiMonitor, FortiNAC, FortiNDR, FortiPAM, FortiPenTest, FortiPhish, FortiPoint, FortiPolicy, FortiPortal, FortiPresence, FortiProxy, FortiRecon, FortiRecorder, FortiSASE, FortiScanner, FortiSDNConnector, FortiSEC, FortiSIEM, FortiSMS, FortiSOAR, FortiSRA, FortiStack, FortiSwitch, FortiTester, FortiToken, FortiTrust, FortiVoice, FortiWAN, FortiWeb, FortiWiFi, FortiWLC, FortiWLM, FortiXDR and Lacework FortiCNAPP. Other trademarks belong to their respective owners. Fortinet has not independently verified statements or certifications herein attributed to third parties and Fortinet does not independently endorse such statements. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, nothing herein constitutes a warranty, guarantee, contract, binding specification or other binding commitment by Fortinet or any indication of intent related to a binding commitment, and performance and other specification information herein may be unique to certain environments. 

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI Global: The world needs climate change leadership – it’s time for China to step up

    Source: The Conversation – UK – By Yixian Sun, Associate Professor in International Development, University of Bath

    The second Trump administration has announced various anti-climate policies under its “America first” strategy. Leaving the Paris agreement, kicking off a trade war, shutting down USAid and drilling for more oil and gas will not only undermine the US’s international reputation but will undermine the global effort to combat climate change.

    With the US in retreat from climate action and Europe preoccupied by security challenges, new leadership is urgently needed. China may be poised to fill this gap.

    The country is already dominant in most clean technologies, and its top leaders say climate action can help the country fulfil its responsibilities as a major power. The Chinese president, Xi Jinping, reiterated this message at a recent closed-door meeting of heads of state, organised by the UN secretary general to discuss the climate crisis.

    After nodding to the Trump-initiated global economic shock, Xi said China “will overcome the headwinds and steadily move forward global climate governance”.

    But to take on this leadership, Beijing must first strengthen China’s domestic policies along with its support for climate action in the global south. The country has made remarkable progress on clean energy and its carbon emissions may peak this year.

    But more than 60% of the electricity generated in the country still comes from coal, and it remains unclear how fast the government plans to phase out fossil fuels. Meanwhile, some provincial governments are still issuing permits to add new coal-fired power plants.

    Coal storage in Ningbo, China.
    Alex Tao Wang / shutterstock

    There are things China can do almost immediately to show its commitment to climate action and rebuild international confidence in the Paris agreement. First, it must set very ambitious pledges to reduce its emissions for the coming decades ahead of this year’s UN climate conference (Cop30) to be held in November in Belém, Brazil.

    China was one of the many countries that missed a February deadline for submitting its targets (only 15 countries were on time). Until now, Beijing’s strategy has been to “wait and see” given the turbulence caused by the new Trump administration.

    What China ends up pledging will have a profound impact on global ambition. An ambitious target might mean reducing its emissions from their peak level by at least 30%. This is still achievable if the country can maintain its current progress in renewables.

    Despite the missed deadline, there are some positive noises coming from Beijing. In a recent high-level meeting organised by the UN secretary general, Xi announced that China’s next set of emission reduction targets, covering the period up to 2035, will cover all economic sectors and all greenhouse gases.

    This will be a major progress compared to China’s previous pledges, which only covered carbon dioxide (China is the world’s biggest emitter of the potent greenhouse gas methane, for instance) and did not integrate national targets into individual sectoral policies.

    More support for developing countries

    China has also been instrumental in bridging gaps between developed and developing countries in recent international talks. This was especially the case during negotiations at Cop29 last year in Baku, Azerbaijan, for a new global climate finance goal.

    Climate finance, in this context, refers to providing developing countries with the resources to help them reduce their emissions and adapt to climate change. China still has developing country status in the UN’s climate change convention and, as such, has no official obligation to provide international climate finance.

    Despite this, it has already provided or helped raise around US$24.5 billion (£18.32 billion) for clean energy, disaster recovery and other climate actions in developing countries. That makes it the world’s fifth-largest climate finance donor according to some estimates.

    But for this investment to have a lasting impact, Beijing needs to be more transparent about where its funding goes and how projects are financed. It should also get local people more involved in designing and implementing the projects it funds.

    Reform the system

    China should also play a major role in reforming the global financial system to make it aligned with the Paris agreement. As a strong supporter of green finance, it can influence upcoming international talks such as the Financing for Development conference in Seville, as well as the UN’s negotiations on international tax cooperation. As co-chair of the G20’s sustainable finance working group, China also has the opportunity to push for more funding to support net zero.

    China is by far the world’s biggest producer of renewables, batteries, electric vehicles and many other clean technologies, and is in a unique position to supply them affordably.

    While it has already exported lots of these products, many developing countries still don’t have the know-how or the basic infrastructure to make the most of them (solar farms are of limited use if you don’t have a battery capable of storing the electricity they generate, for instance). China can address this by partnering with other governments in the global south to share technologies and invest in manufacturing.

    With global climate leadership at risk, China has the chance to step up. As an emerging superpower with advantages in clean technologies and a leadership that recently reaffirmed their commitment to climate action, the country is well positioned. The world is watching to see if China will follow through.


    Don’t have time to read about climate change as much as you’d like?

    Get a weekly roundup in your inbox instead. Every Wednesday, The Conversation’s environment editor writes Imagine, a short email that goes a little deeper into just one climate issue. Join the 45,000+ readers who’ve subscribed so far.


    Yixian Sun receives funding from UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship (grant number: MR/X035956/1).

    ref. The world needs climate change leadership – it’s time for China to step up – https://theconversation.com/the-world-needs-climate-change-leadership-its-time-for-china-to-step-up-252698

    MIL OSI – Global Reports

  • MIL-OSI Global: No whistleblower is an island – why networks of allies are key to exposing corruption

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Kate Kenny, Professor of Business and Society, University of Galway

    Facebook whistleblower Frances Haugen speaks at a conference in 2022. Kimberly White/Getty Images for SumOfUs

    Whistleblowers – people who expose wrongdoing within their organizations – play a crucial role in holding governments and corporations accountable. But speaking up can come at a cost. People who report misconduct often face retaliation, job loss or legal threats, making whistleblowing risky and challenging. And when legal protections for whistleblowers are weakened, the risks only grow.

    That’s exactly the situation many workers face today.

    In the U.S., a Trump administration executive order threatens to effectively strip thousands of federal workers’ rights to whistleblower protection. The executive order is part of a larger effort to reclassify civil servants as “at-will” workers who can be sacked at any time for any reason. While federal workers have enjoyed protection against whistleblower reprisal for decades, those safeguards are now under threat. And this comes as private-sector whistleblowers have increasingly faced reprisal, too.

    Yet while the risks are real, whistleblowing isn’t impossible. Indeed, after researching whistleblowing for over 10 years, I’ve observed that insiders who successfully sound the alarm often do so with help − by partnering with allies who can amplify their message and help shield them from retaliation.

    Meet the ‘regulators of last resort’

    My new book, “Regulators of Last Resort: Whistleblowers, the Limits of the Law and the Power of Partnerships,” tells the stories of whistleblowers from Facebook, Amazon, Theranos, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention centers and Ireland’s public electricity service. In each case, the worker suffered reprisal and was aggressively silenced. In each case, they persisted, and allies emerged to help.

    For Facebook employee Frances Haugen, finding an ally meant teaming up with Wall Street Journal reporter Jeff Horwitz, a specialist in tech who had been writing about Facebook’s misdeeds for some time. When Haugen decided to go public about the social media platform’s knowing exploitation of teenagers and its awareness of the violence incited by poorly regulated non-English versions of its site, Horwitz was pivotal in orchestrating when and how the newspaper articles would appear, helping maximize their impact and granting Haugen control over how her story was told.

    This partnership was no accident; Haugen chose the reporter and tech expert carefully. “I auditioned Jeff for a while,” she later told a reporter. “One of the reasons I went with him is that he was less sensationalistic than other choices I could have made.”

    Indeed, many whistleblowers disclose with the wrong journalist, leaving themselves open to attack.

    At Theranos – a multibillion-dollar biotech company that turned out to be a fraud – a lawyer “friend of a friend” gave whistleblower Erika Cheung critical advice about disclosing to a regulator. This was a lifeline for the recent graduate, who feared for her career and safety after being threatened by bosses and lawyers and warned to stay silent and obey her nondisclosure agreement. Meanwhile, Cheung had no money for formal legal representation. It was that call to the lawyer that made all the difference, Cheung told me. “He said, ‘You can whistleblow.’”

    Her contact explained that if she disclosed to the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, she could avail of whistleblower protection and break her NDA. She would have to do it right and focus on the details: to highlight Theranos’ “regulatory noncompliance” and demonstrate the firm was violating the rules for proficiency testing. But all it would require of Cheung was a simple email to the right organization.

    Finally, my research also detailed the many colleagues at Amazon who supported whistleblowing manager Chris Smalls in disclosing risks to life and health during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic in New York. When Smalls was fired for speaking out and subject to racist language in internal memos about the incident that were later leaked, his close colleague Derrick Palmer described his response. “I was appalled,” Palmer said. “I just knew that they wanted to – pretty much – silence the whole effort. Anyone speaking out. That was how they were going to treat them, moving forward. Including myself.”

    Labor leader Chris Smalls speaks during a conference in Chicago, Ill., in 2022.
    Jeremy Hogan/SOPA Images/LightRocket via Getty Images

    This strengthened Palmer’s determination to help Smalls. Meanwhile, the leaked memo prompted letters of support and emails “from people from all over the country – Amazon workers, non-Amazon workers, that just want to help advocate as well,” as Smalls put it. In the days and weeks after, workers held demonstrations at Amazon facilities all across the U.S., with banners declaring solidarity with the New York warehouse whistleblowers.

    No whistleblower is an island

    These allies often go overlooked when the media focuses on whistleblowers. But their support is critical, particularly in an era when protections for workers who speak up are coming under increasing threat worldwide.

    Organizing whistleblowing allies involves strategy, and some nonprofit and civil society groups have become experts in this domain. Leading the way is the U.S. Government Accountability Project and its “information matchmaking” approach. The idea is simple: Whistleblowers need a whole team of other people – from experts to members of the public – on their side. And this takes planning.

    For years, lawyer-activists like those at the Government Accountability Project have been treating whistleblower protection and support efforts as holistic campaigns that entail a media operation and networking effort, as well as a legal defense.

    Take the example of Dawn Wooten, a former nurse at the Irwin County Detention Center – a U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement contractor – who encountered and disclosed medical misconduct and critical failures. Dana Gold at the Government Accountability Project supported her whistleblowing with other activists, enlisted civil society groups and politicians in the cause, helped land newspaper articles in The Guardian and The New York Times, and even arranged a New Yorker podcast in which Wooten told her story.

    The information went viral, and multiple investigations ensued. Within a year, the Department of Homeland Security directed ICE to formally end its contract with the Irwin County Detention Center, citing the revelations made public by Wooten and some of the detained women.

    None of this is straightforward. In most whistleblowing disputes, the organization holds the balance of power. It has the files, the witnesses and the money to pay good lawyers. I’ve found that whistleblower allies must work with whatever limited resources they can marshal to give themselves an advantage. This means engaging influential people who might help, including pro bono lawyers, specialists who can give evidence, concerned regulators and beat journalists. In short, what is necessary is experts across all domains who are interested in the story and willing to help. And it’s the collective effort that matters.

    Even with this support, however, whistleblowers don’t have it easy. In many high-profile cases where a disclosure is made public and a whistleblower is clearly vindicated and recognized as a courageous truth-teller, they can suffer afterward. Potential employers can balk at the prospect of hiring a whistleblower, even a celebrated one. And vindictive organizations can and do continue retaliating, even years after a story has dropped off the front pages.

    Whistleblower allies and their strategies don’t offer a magic bullet. But they can help tip the balance of power, bringing public opinion to bear on an employer bent on reprisal or a government intent on coddling the powerful.

    Kate Kenny does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. No whistleblower is an island – why networks of allies are key to exposing corruption – https://theconversation.com/no-whistleblower-is-an-island-why-networks-of-allies-are-key-to-exposing-corruption-250721

    MIL OSI – Global Reports

  • MIL-OSI Global: Florida panthers and black bears need a literal path for survival – here’s how the Florida Wildlife Corridor provides it in one of the fastest-growing US states

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Thomas Hoctor, Research Associate Professor of Landscape Architecture, University of Florida

    Florida panthers are a federally endangered species. Carlton Ward Jr./Wildpath

    Imagine a Florida panther slinking its way 400 miles (645 kilometers) from the Big Cypress Swamp, in the southwest part of the state, to Okefenokee Swamp, on Florida’s northern border with Georgia, without ever being spotted by a human.

    No one has yet documented a panther making this journey. But evidence suggests it happens.

    Florida panthers were once distributed throughout most of the southeast U.S., but now their number is tiny – maybe 200 or so – and their known breeding range has greatly shrunk, now concentrated in southwest Florida.

    They do show up in north Florida and Georgia on occasion when young males travel north looking to escape social pressure from adult males. Biologists have found their tracks not far south of Okefenokee. One panther made it almost to Atlanta before it was shot by a hunter.

    Large mammals such as the Florida panther and black bear literally need room to roam in order to hunt, breed and thrive. Such journeys across the state of Florida are possible thanks to the Florida Wildlife Corridor, a statewide system of interconnected wildlife habitat that turns 15 this year.

    The Florida Wildlife Corridor built on conservation efforts that date back to the 1980s and 1990s, when researchers from the University of Florida, including the two of us and our mentor Larry Harris, created maps of existing and proposed conservation areas that interlinked across the state.

    A family of Florida black bears scratches on a log in the dry season.
    Carlton Ward Jr./Wildpath

    Today, the Florida Wildlife Corridor spans 18 million acresabout half of the state.

    Ten million of these acres are protected from development. They are either local, state, regional or federal public conservation lands or they are private conservation easements. These easements restrict the landowners’ uses of the land to activities compatible with wildlife conservation, such as ranching, timber production and other sustainable activities.

    The other 8 million acres are the focus of state-funded land protection efforts to close the unprotected gaps. For now, these lands could be converted to intensive residential, commercial or industrial development.

    The corridor is an ambitious conservation project. It provides sufficient habitat to sustain healthy wildlife populations while also protecting Florida’s key ecosystem services, including water quality and flood storage. Ecosystem services refers to the benefits that ecosystems provide humans.

    The corridor is also a unique example of how conservationists can combine science with public education and outreach to protect important natural habitats – even in regions like Florida that face burgeoning population growth.

    Florida’s population boom

    Until the early 20th century, Florida was the most remote and undeveloped state on the East Coast.

    After World War II and the introduction of affordable home air conditioning, Florida transformed from a sleepy winter holiday destination to the third-most-populated state in the nation.

    Currently, about 300,000 new residents move to Florida each year.

    With this population growth came a rapid loss of natural habitat and rural landscapes. Using federal land use data, we calculate that approximately 60,000 acres of Florida habitat are lost each year.

    Florida’s development was initially concentrated along the coasts, especially in areas with extensive beaches. With the opening of tourist attractions such as Disney World near Orlando in 1971, central Florida also became a hub of rapid growth.

    It became clear to concerned Floridians that virtually all land not protected by permanent conservation designations could eventually be lost to urban and suburban sprawl.

    Responding to these concerns, Florida became a leader in land protection, which has generally been popular and bipartisan in the Sunshine State.

    Since the 1970s, Florida has protected millions of acres of conservation lands through programs including the Florida Preservation 2000 Act of 1990, the Florida Forever acquisition program that replaced it in 2001, and the Rural and Family Lands Protection Program, also created in 2001.

    The authors estimate that approximately 60,000 acres of Florida habitat are lost each year to development.
    Carlton Ward Jr./Wildpath

    Scientists identify key areas to protect

    Wildlife biologists since the 1930s have observed how birds and mammals use wooded fencerows, hedgerows, streamsides and other natural corridors to travel through agricultural regions in the U.S. and Canada.

    When corridors are protected, they allow animals to travel safely across landscapes and they can save animals from extinction. They also provide people with ecosystem services such as clean water and flood protection.

    Since 1995, the Florida Ecological Greenways Network, or FEGN, has identified a statewide system of large, intact natural areas and connecting green spaces. It is now part of the state-legislated Florida Greenways and Trails System, a statewide network of recreational trails and ecological corridors.

    As conservation scientists who are deeply involved with the FEGN, we were able to make use of the state’s early investment in geographic information systems. GIS produces digital maps and other high-quality data on the locations of wildlife habitat and other conservation priorities.

    The Florida Wildlife Corridor covers nearly 18 million acres of Florida. A little over half of the acres, pictured in dark green, are conserved lands while the rest, pictured in light green, are considered opportunity areas for future conservation.
    University of Florida Center for Landscape Conservation Planning

    We continue to work with state agencies and other partners to continually update the FEGN as land use changes and as better data and tools become available to identify conservation priority areas.

    Getting the public on board

    While the FEGN proved fundamental for supporting state conservation programs, it was not widely known by Floridians or visitors to the state.

    In 2010, conservation photographer Carlton Ward and colleagues proposed a simple, unified map and a public campaign to promote protection of the top-priority lands in the Florida Ecological Greenways Network.

    Ward called it the Florida Wildlife Corridor.

    He organized a team of photographers, videographers and scientists who trekked across large swaths of the corridor to document Florida’s natural ecosystems and native species that were threatened by development.

    The expeditioners highlighted species like the Florida panther, Florida black bear and Florida grasshopper sparrow. They raised awareness about the corridor’s connection to water conservation, lands managed by ranchers and foresters, and recreational opportunities. And they produced documentary films, media and social media coverage, and public talks and events to educate the public on the importance of protecting the corridor.

    Photographer Carlton Ward Jr. paddles to set up cameras at a site in the Fakahatchee Strand in southwest Florida.
    Carlton Ward Jr./Wildpath

    Bipartisan support continues

    In June 2021, Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis signed the Florida Wildlife Corridor Act into law. The legislation, which had unanimous support from the state Legislature, officially recognized the corridor’s critical role in Florida’s economy, cultural and natural heritage, and protection of imperiled species and ecosystems.

    The law also reenergized legislative support and funding to acquire land directly for conservation and to establish conservation easements on private lands.

    Ranchers with the Seminole Tribe of Florida steer cattle through wooden sorting pens at the Big Cypress Reservation in southern Florida.
    Carlton Ward Jr./Wildpath

    The 2025-2026 Florida budget, which is still under negotiation, earmarks US$300 million to $450 million for land protection programs.

    And on April 23, 2025, the Florida Senate passed a resolution to proclaim April 22 as Florida Wildlife Corridor Day. The resolution affirmed the corridor’s importance as “a unique natural resource” that is essential for “preserving the green infrastructure that is the foundation of this state’s economy and quality of life.”

    There is a lot of land protection work left to be done in a race against a burgeoning human population. But Florida has proved ready to implement science-based strategies and work with willing landowners to protect a statewide wildlife corridor as a key element of Florida’s future.

    The Florida Wildlife Corridor is also a potential model for other states and regions that want to protect viable wildlife populations and ecosystem services.

    Uplands and wetlands east of Fort Myers, in the core of Florida panther territory, are part of the Florida Wildlife Corridor.
    Carlton Ward Jr./Wildpath

    Thomas Hoctor receives funding from state government related to working on the science and planning associated with the Florida Wildlife Corridor.

    Reed Frederick Noss does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. Florida panthers and black bears need a literal path for survival – here’s how the Florida Wildlife Corridor provides it in one of the fastest-growing US states – https://theconversation.com/florida-panthers-and-black-bears-need-a-literal-path-for-survival-heres-how-the-florida-wildlife-corridor-provides-it-in-one-of-the-fastest-growing-us-states-251790

    MIL OSI – Global Reports

  • MIL-OSI Global: Almost Zion: Remembering a short-lived Jewish state in New York

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Adam L. Rovner, Director of the Center for Judaic Studies, University of Denver

    Twin bridges spanning the Niagara River lead from Tonawanda to Grand Island, New York — the proposed site of ‘Ararat.’ Kevin Menschel/iStock via Getty Images Plus

    At dawn on Sept. 15, 1825, a burst of cannon fire shook the ramshackle buildings of Buffalo, New York. Families raced down the main street to witness a grand ceremony, following a parade of soldiers, clergymen, Freemasons, musicians and Seneca tribesmen, including their venerable chief, Red Jacket. All surged toward St. Paul’s Episcopal Church, the frontier town’s only grand edifice.

    Inside, a crowd of Christians, Jews and Native Americans were already packed together to witness the founding of Ararat, a tract of land on nearby Grand Island that was intended to be the first autonomous Jewish city-state in almost 1,800 years.

    Ararat’s 400-pound cornerstone, engraved with a central Jewish tenet of faith from the Bible’s Book of Deuteronomy, rested inside the church. When the swell of the organ died down, former diplomat, political power broker and playwright Mordecai Manuel Noah – the man who had dreamed up Ararat – rose to his feet.

    Today, this marker is one of the few surviving signs of the proposed settlement.
    Adam Rovner

    Described as a “stout … gentleman, with sandy hair, a large Roman nose, and … red whiskers,” Noah had draped himself for the ceremony in fur-trimmed robes borrowed from a theater. He triumphantly announced the reestablishment of “the Government of the Jewish Nation … under the auspices and protection of the constitution and laws of the United States of America.”

    Noah also welcomed Native Americans, whom he – like many Americans at the time – mistakenly believed were “the descendants of the lost tribes of Israel.” In addition, he granted equal “rights and religious privileges” to the “black Jews of India and Africa,” disclosing a rare-for-his-time sensitivity toward Jews of color.

    A portrait of Mordecai Noah by 19th-century painter John Wood Dodge.
    Smithsonian American Art Museum via Wikimedia Commons

    But Noah’s utopian ark sank with barely a trace. Not a single Jew heeded his call to settle Ararat. Noah himself abandoned ship when his calls for a Jewish republic were rebuffed by religious leaders. All that he left behind was the cornerstone.

    As a scholar who scours archives to trace connections between literature and history, I’ve seen how Noah’s efforts to found a Jewish statelet have fascinated students of both American and Zionist history.

    Noah was only the first of many modern thinkers to propose establishing Jewish territories far from the biblical land of Israel. In the 20th century, organizations seeking a humanitarian solution to Jewish persecution considered carving out enclaves the world over, including lands in today’s Kenya, Angola, Madagascar, Tasmania and Suriname.

    ‘City of refuge’

    Noah wielded considerable influence in early 19th-century America through his roles as a political party boss, helming various daily newspapers, and as a popular playwright. But he was also a marginalized outsider at a time when there were fewer than 500 Jews in Manhattan, the young republic’s largest city.

    Noah used his press pulpit to demand equality for Jews, even proposing himself as a presidential candidate. He remained one of few high-profile American Jews throughout his life, urging other citizens to acknowledge that one’s faith and patriotism need never be at odds. Yet antisemitic slurs dogged him throughout his career.

    After witnessing the persecution of Jews in Europe during his diplomatic travels, Noah hoped Ararat would be a territorial solution to religious oppression.

    ‘Noah’s Ark,’ by 19th-century American painter Edward Hicks.
    Philadelphia Museum of Art via Wikimedia Commons

    In some ways, his efforts hearkened back to the origins of America itself. Instead of the Mayflower, Noah invoked the symbolic ark of his biblical namesake – “Ararat” is the biblical name of the mountain where the ark came to a rest after the flood. In the role of the Puritans, he cast European Jewry. And instead of Plymouth Rock, he landed on Grand Island. As the cornerstone of Ararat proclaimed, the settlement was to be a “city of refuge for the Jews” – one that Noah hoped would grow to become a state and be admitted to the American republic.

    In his speeches, Noah imagined that Ararat would allow European Jews to escape persecution while simultaneously fulfilling America’s need for immigration, industry and financial capital. He also believed that his purchase of 2,555 acres of Grand Island would prove a lucrative personal investment: The recently completed Erie Canal, he reasoned, would make Buffalo a major port.

    Failure to launch

    At the time of Noah’s proposal, the Zionist movement – the modern political program for Jewish national self-determination – had not yet coalesced. Most Jews at the time believed that founding a Jewish state in the land of Israel was a pipe dream, or worse. God had expelled their ancestors from the Holy Land in 70 C.E., they believed, so taking matters into their own hands and rebuilding a Jewish state there would be blasphemy.

    Noah hoped to sidestep those theological objections by locating a Jewish polity in the promised land of America, not the biblical promised land. Nonetheless, Jewish leaders dismissed his vision as contrary to God’s will. The chief rabbis of England and France publicly condemned Noah’s plan, and the September 1825 ceremony in Buffalo proved Ararat’s high point.

    Though ridiculed in the press for Ararat’s failure, Noah took a philosophical view:

    I … stand as the pioneer of the great work, leaving others to complete it. … When sneers and mockery shall have had their day … then my motives and objects will have been duly estimated and rewarded.“

    The front page of one of Mordecai Noah’s books, published in 1819.
    Library of Congress via Wikimedia Commons

    Birth of Zionism

    Noah quickly resumed his career as a journalist and emerged as a kind of ambassador, penning articles and delivering speeches that linked Jewish and Christian America. To Christians, he explained Jewish practices. To his brethren, he demonstrated the fundamental compatibility between the ideals of Judaism and the United States, assuring them that America “is the country which the Almighty has blessed,” a land in which Jews “may repose in safety and happiness.”

    Yet Noah never abandoned his plans for Jewish self-government and ultimately advocated national repatriation to areas of Palestine, then under Ottoman control. In 1845 he published a short book, “Discourse on the Restoration of the Jews.” A young journalist whom he had befriended, Edgar Allan Poe, praised Noah’s proposal for a Jewish return to the biblical land of Israel as “extraordinary [and] full of novel and cogent thought.”

    Noah did not live to see his dreams fulfilled. After his death in March 1851, nearly 50 years passed before another playwright and journalist resurrected the idea of Jewish political autonomy: Theodor Herzl.

    Herzl’s vision laid the groundwork for the establishment of the state of Israel. Today, he is considered the father of Zionism, with his image paraded on Israeli Independence Day.

    Paradoxically, Noah is remembered today thanks only to the spectacular failure of his American Zion.

    Adam L. Rovner does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organization that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. Almost Zion: Remembering a short-lived Jewish state in New York – https://theconversation.com/almost-zion-remembering-a-short-lived-jewish-state-in-new-york-253534

    MIL OSI – Global Reports

  • MIL-OSI Global: From cats and dogs to penguins and llamas, treating animals with acupuncture has become mainstream in veterinary medicine

    Source: The Conversation – USA – By Joe Smith, Assistant Professor of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee

    Kevin, a King Charles spaniel, receives acupuncture treatment at a Washington, D.C. animal hospital. Alastair Pike/AFP via Getty Images

    A perentie lizard in Dallas, an African penguin in Boston and an Oberhasli goat in Chicago are just a few recent examples of animals at zoos and aquariums benefiting recently from acupuncture therapy. As acupuncture has gained wide use in human medicine in the U.S., it also has become increasingly common in veterinary practice, especially for pain management.

    The Conversation U.S. interviewed University of Tennessee Assistant Professor of Veterinary Medicine Joe Smith, a specialist in farm animal medicine and veterinary clinical pharmacology, about this trend. He describes acupuncture’s current uses for treating many species, from household dogs and cats to large animals like horses, cows and llamas:

    Is veterinary acupuncture modeled on the traditional Chinese version?

    There are two schools of thought about veterinary acupuncture. The original form of acupuncture, which has been practiced for thousands of years, follows principles of traditional Chinese medicine. It views the patient through a lens of five elements: wood, fire, earth, metal and water.

    Each element is associated with a different type of energy. Practitioners work to maintain balance between those energies, which they believe is essential for a healthy body to function.

    Another approach focuses on anatomical effects on the body. Practitioners place needles to achieve specific effects by stimulating muscles or nerves.

    Both versions of acupuncture can help veterinary patients. They use very small, flexible needles, about two-tenths of a millimeter wide – less than one-hundredth of an inch. The needles are placed at various parts of the body to elicit specific responses from connective tissues, muscles and nerves.

    The needles can be used by themselves, or with low levels of electrical current – a process called electroacupuncture. Both approaches are effective, but research suggests that benefits from electroacupunture last longer.

    Veterinary acupuncturists can treat nearly any animal, from a bear to a porcupine, a dog or a sea turtle.

    What does research show about using acupuncture on animals?

    Acupuncture and electroacupuncture both increase the body’s levels of compounds called endogenous opioids. These are pain-relieving substances that the body produces naturally. They work similarly to pharmaceutical opioids, such as fentanyl and morphine.

    Acupuncture increases these compounds so dramatically that the effect can be reversed with opioid antidotes, such as Narcan.

    Studies in small animal medicine show that using acupuncture can speed up healing from nerve injuries, such as spinal cord damage from herniated disks. This is a condition in which material from the disks in between the vertebra of the spinal cord is damaged, and puts pressure on the spinal cord and other parts of the nervous system.

    Herniated disks can be very painful for animals. A 2023 study found that when dogs with this condition were treated with acupuncture, nearly 80% recovered, compared with 60% of animals whose cases were managed conservatively without acupuncture. Acupuncture can also make other techniques, such as epidural nerve blocks, more effective when both methods are used together.

    Many vets are using acupuncture creatively for other purposes, such as increasing sick animals’ appetites, improving their digestion and accelerating healing from injuries.

    How does your veterinary medicine group use acupuncture?

    Our practice at the University of Tennessee has used acupuncture most extensively to help rehabilitate animals recovering from conditions like radial nerve paralysis and femoral nerve injury. We can use acupuncture to stimulate muscles or to provide pain relief, either by itself or combined with other therapies.

    In our Farm Animal Hospital, we regularly use acupuncture for recumbent or “down” animals. That’s a veterinary term for animals that have been unable to stand for extended periods of time.

    With acupuncture, and occasionally electroacupuncture, we can stimulate muscles and nerves that aren’t functioning normally. This help to prevent atrophy, or wasting and thinning of muscle mass.

    For every day that a large animal is down, its muscles atrophy and fluid builds up around injured limbs or joints. These effects can prolong their recovery, or even make it less likely that they will recover.

    By using acupuncture to stimulate atrophied muscles, veterinarians can start to reverse this process. We have used acupuncture extensively on large animals, including cattle, horses, llamas, alpacas, sheep, goats, pigs and even camels.

    One example is goats that have spinal cord injuries caused by parasite migration – a condition called cerebrospinal nematodiasis, or “meningeal worm.” Worm larvae that normally are parasites of white tail deer infect goats through the animals’ digestive tracts, then migrate to the spinal cord and nervous system. They get lost and die there, causing inflammation that can do significant damage.

    We use acupuncture and electroacupuncture to stimulate the goats’ large and accessory spinal nerves and the muscles in the animals’ legs and backs. This gives the goats more muscle function when the inflammation clears, and we believe it helps reduce their pain.

    We’ve also had good results with acupuncture treatment for llamas and alpacas, which are widely used in Tennessee’s Smokey Mountains to carry tourists’ gear up- and downhill. As large animals like these age, they can develop osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease that’s incredibly painful and debilitating for them. Acupuncture and electroacupuncture can help keep them moving.

    Our equine services mainly use acupuncture for rehabilitation, helping horses recover from injuries.

    One advantage of acupuncture and electroacupuncture in large animals is that they don’t have many adverse effects. Drugs can have side effects such as nausea and diarrhea, and may cause potentially serious complications. An acupuncture needle placed by a trained veterinarian has few to no adverse effects when it’s done correctly.

    A crow and an opossum at the Nashville Zoo receive acupuncture treatment for mobility issues.

    Can pet owners be confident if their vet recommends acupuncture?

    If there is a nerve or muscle involved, there is probably a veterinary treatment option using acupuncture or electroacupuncture. New studies regularly add to our understanding of the neurology and biochemistry that underlie these therapies.

    Although we’re still learning, if your vet recommends acupuncture for an aging dog or cat – especially for chronic pain – you can be confident that it’s not a fringe treatment. As long as the person treating your pet is a licensed veterinarian, and is certified by a professional organization like Curacore, Chi University or the American Academy of Veterinary Acupuncture, acupuncture should make your pet more comfortable and improve its quality of life.

    Joe Smith has attended attended Curacore Inc’s Medical Acupuncture for Veterinarians course.

    ref. From cats and dogs to penguins and llamas, treating animals with acupuncture has become mainstream in veterinary medicine – https://theconversation.com/from-cats-and-dogs-to-penguins-and-llamas-treating-animals-with-acupuncture-has-become-mainstream-in-veterinary-medicine-226451

    MIL OSI – Global Reports

  • MIL-OSI: Farmers and Merchants Bancshares, Inc. Reports Earnings of $1.2 Million, or $0.37 per Share, for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2025

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    HAMPSTEAD, Md., April 29, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — Farmers and Merchants Bancshares, Inc. (the “Company”), the parent company of Farmers and Merchants Bank (the “Bank” and, together with the Company, “we”, “us” and “our”), announced that net income for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 was $1.2 million, or $0.37 per common share (basic and diluted), compared to $1.2 million, or $0.39 per common share (basic and diluted), for the same period in 2024. The Company’s return on average equity during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 was 8.22% compared to 9.40% for the same period in 2024. The Company’s return on average assets during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 was 0.57% compared to 0.61% for the same period in 2024.

    Net interest income was $5.5 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, an increase of $321 thousand over the $5.2 million reported for the same period in 2024. The increase was due to a 35 basis point increase in the yield on earning assets to 5.03% for the three months ended March 31, 2025 compared to 4.68% for the same period in 2024. Average earning assets increased $10.6 million to $790.6 million as of March 31, 2025. Average loans increased to $593.7 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2025, an increase of $59.1 million over the $534.6 million for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. The combination of higher yields on earning assets plus higher average earning asset balances was the primary reason for the increase. Offsetting the increase in interest income was the higher cost of funds in 2025. The average interest rate paid on interest bearing liabilities was 2.70% for the three months ended March 31, 2025, compared to 2.48% for the same period in 2024. Average interest bearing liabilities increased to $650.0 million, an increase of $23.0 million when compared to the $627.0 million reported as of March 31, 2024.

    A provision for credit losses of $30 thousand was recorded for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 compared to no provision for credit loss for the quarter ended March 31, 2024. The Company’s loan portfolio continues to perform at a high level with just four non-accrual loans totaling $2.6 million and two loans more than 30 days delinquent totaling $577 thousand at March 31, 2025.

    Noninterest income increased slightly to $514 thousand for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 compared to $504 thousand for the same period in 2024. Mortgage banking income increased $24 thousand, income on bank owned life insurance increased $15 thousand, gains on the sale of investment securities increased $94 thousand, and other fees and commissions increased $37 thousand. The increases were offset by a decrease in service charges of $30 thousand and a decrease in insurance proceeds of $143 thousand due to the non-recurring receipt of insurance proceeds during the first quarter of 2024 in connection with storm damage to the Bank’s office building in Upperco, Maryland.

    Noninterest expense was $386 thousand higher for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 when compared to the same period in 2024. This increase was due primarily to a $175 thousand increase in occupancy and furniture and equipment costs, a $101 thousand increase in FDIC premiums, a $33 thousand increase in ATM related costs, and a $96 thousand increase in other expenses. The increase in other expenses was due primarily to legal fees incurred for stockholder matters and additional costs related to the Company’s captive insurance company subsidiary. The Bank’s FDIC assessment expense increased due to higher asset size and higher FDIC assessment rates. The increase in occupancy and furniture and equipment was due primarily to depreciation on the renovations and new equipment for the Bank’s Upperco, Maryland location which was placed in service at the end of the first quarter of 2024 and the Bank’s new Towson, Maryland location that was placed in service during the second quarter of 2024. The increase in ATM related expenses was due to vendor price increases.

    Income taxes decreased by $30 thousand during the quarter ended March 31, 2025 when compared to the same period in 2024 due to lower earnings before taxes. The effective tax rate decreased to 21.3% for the quarter ended March 31, 2025 from 22.1% for the same period last year due to an increase in the amount of nontaxable income included in pretax income year over year.

    Total assets were $817.6 million at March 31, 2025 compared to $844.6 million at December 31, 2024. Compared to December 31, 2024, total loans, net of the allowance for credit losses, increased $17.1 million to $600.0 million at March 31, 2025. Offsetting the increase in loans was a decrease in cash and cash equivalents of $42.0 million. The decrease was primarily due to the funding of new loans of $17.1 million, a decrease in deposits of $23.2 million, and the repayment of $5.0 million of Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings. Deposits decreased to $735.6 million at March 31, 2025 from $758.8 million at December 31, 2024. The Company’s tangible equity was $51.5 million at March 31, 2025 compared to $49.2 million at December 31, 2024.

    The book value of the Company’s common stock increased to $18.44 per share at March 31, 2025 from $17.77 per share at December 31, 2024. Book value per share at March 31, 2025 was inclusive of the $15.6 million unrealized loss, net of income taxes, on the Bank’s available for sale (“AFS”) investment portfolio as a result of higher interest rates. Changes in the market value of the AFS investment portfolio, net of income taxes, are reflected in the Company’s equity, but are not included in the income statement. The AFS investment portfolio is comprised of 72% government agency mortgage backed securities which are fully guaranteed, 22% investment grade non agency mortgage backed securities, less than 1% investment grade corporate and municipal bonds, and 5% subordinated debt of other community banks. There is no indication of credit deterioration in any of the bonds and we intend to hold these investments to maturity, so no actual losses are anticipated. The unrealized loss in the AFS investment portfolio did not impact regulatory capital because the Bank elected many years ago to not include changes in the market value of the AFS investment portfolio in the calculation of regulatory capital regardless of whether they are positive or negative.

    Our Federal Home Loan Bank facility, other borrowing lines available, unpledged securities, brokered deposit access, and cash and cash equivalents provided us with access to approximately $337.8 million of liquidity as of March 31, 2025.

    Gary A. Harris, President and CEO, commented “Our loan growth remains strong with a $17.1 million increase in net loans over the past quarter. We previously announced the opening of the new Towson Commercial Banking Office. Since its inception in June 2024, the office has produced over $29 million in new commercial loans and $8 million in new relationship deposits through March 31, 2025. We believe that this new office will be instrumental in both loan and deposit growth in 2025. Our asset growth along with the Federal Reserve’s three interest rate decreases over the past seven months have led to positive gains in our net interest margin. Asset quality remains high and our liquidity position remains strong. We continue to believe that Farmers and Merchants is well positioned to grow earnings in 2025.”

    About the Company

    The Company is a financial holding company and the parent company of the Bank. The Bank was chartered in Maryland in 1919 and has over 100 years of service to the community. The Bank serves the deposit and financing needs of both consumers and businesses in Carroll and Baltimore Counties along the Route 30, Route 795, Route 140, Route 26, and Route 45 corridors. The main office is located in Upperco, Maryland, with seven additional Maryland branches in Owings Mills, Hampstead, Greenmount, Reisterstown, Westminster, Eldersburg, and Towson. Certain broker-dealers make a market in the common stock of Farmers and Merchants Bancshares, Inc., and trades are reported through the OTC Markets Group’s Pink Market under the symbol “FMFG”.

    Forward-Looking Statements

    The statements contained herein that are not historical facts are forward-looking statements (as defined by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995) based on management’s current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on the Company. Such statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties, many of which are difficult to predict and are generally beyond the control of the Company. There can be no assurance that future developments affecting the Company will be the same as those anticipated by management. These statements are evidenced by terms such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “should,” “will,” “expect,” “believe,” “intend,” and similar expressions. Although these statements reflect management’s good faith beliefs and projections, they are not guarantees of future performance and they may not prove true. These projections involve risk and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those addressed in the forward-looking statements. For a discussion of these risks and uncertainties, see the section of the periodic reports filed by Farmers and Merchants Bancshares, Inc. with the Securities and Exchange Commission entitled “Risk Factors”.

     
    Farmers and Merchants Bancshares, Inc. and Subsidiaries
    Consolidated Balance Sheets
    (Unaudited)
     
    Dollars in thousands except per share and share data
     
      March 31, December 31,
        2025       2024  
         
    Assets  
         
    Cash and due from banks $ 21,779     $ 63,962  
    Federal funds sold and other interest-bearing deposits   918       697  
    Cash and cash equivalents   22,697       64,659  
    Certificates of deposit in other banks   100       100  
    Securities available for sale, at fair value   123,780       125,713  
    Securities held to maturity, at amortized cost less allowance for credit    
    losses of $62.5 thousand and $35.6 thousand   21,135       20,499  
    Equity security, at fair value   530       518  
    Restricted stock, at cost   715       921  
    Mortgage loans held for sale   240       157  
    Loans, less allowance for credit losses of $4.3 million and $4.3 million   600,048       582,993  
    Premises and equipment, net   7,316       7,349  
    Accrued interest receivable   2,376       2,439  
    Deferred income taxes, net   7,246       7,606  
    Other real estate owned, net   1,176       1,176  
    Bank owned life insurance   15,429       15,324  
    Goodwill and other intangibles, net   7,024       7,026  
    Other assets   7,746       8,163  
    Total assets $ 817,558     $ 844,643  
         
    Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity    
         
    Deposits    
    Noninterest-bearing $ 104,379     $ 107,197  
    Interest-bearing   631,219       651,609  
    Total deposits   735,598       758,806  
    Securities sold under repurchase agreements   5,482       5,564  
    Federal Home Loan Bank of Atlanta advances         5,000  
    Long-term debt, net of issuance costs   10,858       11,329  
    Accrued interest payable   766       1,003  
    Other liabilities   6,306       6,669  
    Total liabilities   759,010       788,371  
    Stockholders’ equity    
    Common stock, par value $.01 per share,    
    authorized 5,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding    
    3,175,347 shares in 2025 and 3,166,653 shares in 2024   32       32  
    Additional paid-in capital   31,294       31,136  
    Retained earnings   42,777       41,613  
    Accumulated other comprehensive loss   (15,555 )     (16,509 )
    Total stockholders’ equity   58,548       56,272  
    Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $ 817,558     $ 844,643  
         
         
     
    Farmers and Merchants Bancshares, Inc. and Subsidiaries
    Consolidated Statements of Income
    (Unaudited)
     
    Dollars in thousands except per share data
      Three Months Ended March 31,
        2025     2024  
         
    Interest income    
    Loans, including fees $ 8,366   $ 6,882  
    Investment securities – taxable   1,051     1,579  
    Investment securities – tax exempt   156     137  
    Federal funds sold and other interest earning assets   313     468  
    Total interest income   9,886     9,066  
         
    Interest expense    
    Deposits   4,249     3,101  
    Securities sold under repurchase agreements   17     23  
    Federal Home Loan Bank advances   12     13  
    Federal Reserve Bank advances       622  
    Long-term debt   113     134  
    Total interest expense   4,391     3,893  
    Net interest income   5,495     5,174  
         
    Provision for credit losses   30      
         
    Net interest income after provision for credit losses   5,465     5,174  
         
    Noninterest income    
    Service charges on deposit accounts   165     195  
    Mortgage banking income   29     5  
    Bank owned life insurance income   105     90  
    Fair value adjustment of equity security   9     (4 )
    Gain on sale of investment securities   94      
    Gain on insurance proceeds, net       143  
    Other fees and commissions   112     75  
    Total noninterest income   514     504  
         
    Noninterest expense    
    Salaries   2,207     1,976  
    Employee benefits   382     606  
    Occupancy   328     246  
    Furniture and equipment   335     242  
    Professional services   173     205  
    Automated teller machine and debit card expenses   168     135  
    Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation premiums   199     98  
    Postage, delivery, and armored carrier   78     82  
    Advertising   56     48  
    Other real estate owned expense   5     3  
    Other   567     471  
    Total noninterest expense   4,498     4,112  
         
    Income before income taxes   1,481     1,566  
    Income taxes   316     346  
    Net income $ 1,165   $ 1,220  
         
    Earnings per common share – basic $ 0.37   $ 0.39  
    Earnings per common share – diluted $ 0.37   $ 0.39  
         
         
    Farmers and Merchants Bancshares, Inc.
    Selected Consolidated Financial Data
    (Unaudited)
    Dollars in thousands except per share data
           
      As of or For the Three Months Ended March 31,
        2025       2024       2023  
           
    OPERATING DATA      
           
    Interest income $ 9,886     $ 9,066     $ 7,051.53  
    Interest expense   4,391       3,892       1,395  
    Net interest income   5,495       5,174       5,657  
    Provision for credit losses   30             (270 )
    Net interest income after provision for credit losses   5,465       5,174       5,927  
    Noninterest income   514       504       382  
    Noninterest expense   4,498       4,112       3,757  
    Income before income taxes   1,481       1,566       2,552  
    Income taxes   316       346       651  
    Net income $ 1,165     $ 1,220     $ 1,901  
           
    PER SHARE DATA      
           
    Net income (Basic and diluted) $ 0.37     $ 0.39     $ 0.62  
    Dividends $ 0.00     $ 0.00     $ 0.00  
    Book value $ 18.44     $ 17.03     $ 16.53  
           
    KEY RATIOS      
           
    Return on average assets   0.57 %     0.61 %     1.05 %
    Return on average equity   8.22 %     9.40 %     15.49 %
    Efficiency ratio   75.23 %     72.42 %     59.55 %
    Dividend payout ratio   0.00 %     0.00 %     0.00 %
    Net yield on interest-earning assets   2.81 %     2.69 %     3.24 %
    Tier 1 capital leverage ratio   9.48 %     9.39 %     9.97 %
           
           
     
    Farmers and Merchants Bancshares, Inc.
    Selected Consolidated Financial Data
    (Unaudited)
    Dollars in thousands except per share data
           
      As of or For the Three Months Ended March 31,
        2025       2024       2023  
           
    AT PERIOD END      
           
    Total assets $ 817,558     $ 794,593     $ 722,679  
    Gross loans   604,352       541,398       525,485  
    Cash and cash equivalents   22,697       25,633       9,566  
    Securities   145,569       182,325       146,300  
    Deposits   735,598       655,978       637,309  
    Borrowings   10,858       71,742       24,625  
    Stockholders’ equity   58,548       53,077       50,757  
           
    SELECTED AVERAGE BALANCES      
           
    Total assets $ 816,760     $ 799,841     $ 723,106  
    Gross loans   593,653       534,566       525,516  
    Cash and cash equivalents   26,648       37,224       8,719  
    Securities   169,215       208,134       169,873  
    Deposits   634,274       550,010       501,185  
    Borrowings   4,946       69,551       36,124  
    Stockholders’ equity   54,127       51,928       49,071  
           
    ASSET QUALITY      
           
    Nonperforming assets $ 3,789     $ 1,898     $ 1,898  
           
    Nonperforming assets/total assets   0.46 %     0.24 %     0.26 %
           
    Allowance for credit losses/total loans   0.71 %     0.80 %     0.87 %
           
    Contact: Mr. Gary A. Harris
    President and Chief Executive Officer
    (410) 374-1510, ext. 1104
       

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI Security: Yarmouth — Yarmouth Town RCMP charges man after arson investigation

    Source: Royal Canadian Mounted Police

    Yarmouth Town RCMP has charged a man with arson and several other offences following an investigation into a suspicious fire that occurred in August 2024.

    On August 28 shortly after midnight, Yarmouth Town RCMP, fire services, and EHS responded to a report of a fire at an apartment complex on Kirk St. in Yarmouth. Through the collaboration of first responders, the building was evacuated efficiently and there were no injuries reported. Despite the fire being contained to one unit, there was significant damaged to the rest of the building.

    As part of the investigation, officers worked with the Nova Scotia Office of the Fire Marshal, which determined that the fire was intentionally set.

    On April 27, 2025, police arrested Jacob Tunnillie, 23, of Yarmouth. He has been charged with:

    • Arson – disregard for human life
    • Mischief over $5000
    • Fail to Comply with Probation Order
    • Fail to Comply with Release Order

    Tunnillie appeared in Yarmouth Provincial Court on April 28 and was remanded into custody.

    First responders appreciated involvement from the Canadian Red Cross in Nova Scotia in support of those who were displaced as a result of the incident.

    MIL Security OSI

  • MIL-OSI China: Xi urges all-out efforts to treat the injured in restaurant fire in Liaoning Province

    Source: People’s Republic of China – State Council News

    Xi urges all-out efforts to treat the injured in restaurant fire in Liaoning Province

    BEIJING, April 29 — Chinese President Xi Jinping on Tuesday urged all-out efforts to treat the people injured in a restaurant fire in the city of Liaoyang, northeast China’s Liaoning Province.

    Breaking out at 12:25 p.m. Tuesday, the fire had killed 22 people and injured three others as of 2 p.m.

    MIL OSI China News

  • MIL-OSI: MINILUXE REPORTS FULL-YEAR FINANCIAL RESULTS FOR YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 29, 2024

    Source: GlobeNewswire (MIL-OSI)

    All reported figures in U.S. Dollars unless otherwise noted

    Boston, MA, April 29, 2025 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) — MiniLuxe Holding Corp. (TSXV: MNLX) today announced its financial results for the 52 weeks ended December 29, 2024 (FY2024). The fiscal year of MiniLuxe (the “Company”) is a 52-week reporting cycle which ended in 2024 on Sunday, December 29, 2024.

    As the Company has previously and consistently shared, there were three key strategic and performance objectives for 2024.

    Key 2024 Strategic Pillars

    1. Accelerate overall studio-level profitability (i.e. store level contribution) growth
    2. Drive growth through operating partners (via JVs or M&A) and franchise partners
    3. Increase fixed cost leverage and SG&A efficiency

    Across each of these core strategic pillars and 2024 performance objectives, the Company made material progress.

    Highlights of Business Performance

    • Studio-level profitability (store-level cash contribution) grew YoY 360 percent.
    • As a percentage of revenue, SG&A reduced to under 16 percent, which represented a decrease of approximately 24 percent versus prior year while gross profit grew to $11M or +8 percent improvement versus prior year.
    • The net effect of both increasing studio cash contribution, decreasing SG&A and increasing gross profit margin led to adjusted EBITDA losses being cut by more than half in 2024 to -$4.0M from -$9.0M in 2023.
    • Operating cash burn improved by a factor of over 3x to just over -$2M in 2024 from -$7M in 2023.
    • FY2024 year-end cash, cash equivalent and restricted cash reached $4M, an improvement of $.6M versus $3.4M at year-end FY2023 due to a combination of dramatically reduced cash burn and ~$1.6M coming from the first closing of a non-brokered private placement which was originally announced on November 27, 2024. (more details below).

    The Company seeks to maintain this positive momentum in 2025, progressing increasingly closer to overall company-wide profitability. Total Company revenue for 2024 finished at a record level of $26.1M or just over 6% YoY growth, compared to $24.6M in 2023. While the overall quantum of YoY growth was relatively modest, the quality and increased profitability of that growth was both very significant and intentional in terms of the Company’s operating strategy. These results were accomplished by driving revenue growth through studio specific KPIs, some studios were held to more constrained growth (to better focus on improving efficiencies and profitability) while the majority of the fleet portfolio were managed to all-time-record revenue highs. In terms of unit-level revenue, two studios crossed over the $2M revenue threshold before the end of the year (ultimately reaching ~$1,500 per square feet of sales). The top 25 percent of studios in the fleet are now at a median of ~$1.9M per unit volume and the top 50 percent at ~ $1.6M.

    Also noteworthy is that MiniLuxe’s most loyal client base – those visiting 20+ times per year – grew 4.5% year-over-year between 2024 and 2023. In any given month, the split of customers is between ~88% repeat and ~12% new customers.

    Throughout 2024 and as the Company goes into 2025, the focus on Operating Partners remains core to the Company’s strategy to leverage its brand and platform while scaling growth through localized operators. In July of 2024, MiniLuxe announced its first operating and JV partner for the Atlanta region with the business Sugarcoat. As part of the joint venture agreement, MiniLuxe took a majority ownership stake of one Sugarcoat location in The Forum Peachtree Corners in Atlanta. On December 17th of 2024, MiniLuxe also announced its first franchise operating partner, Ms. Quynh Pham, who opened a MiniLuxe studio in Brookline, MA (taking over the old MiniLuxe Academy Studio). Both joint venture and franchise partners have rapidly brought forward fresh ideas and hyper-localized marketing and new operational best-practices translating into increased week-over-week sales, walk-ins and utilization levels. During 2024 the Company also had its first full year of results with its regional operating partner in the Dallas Fort Worth area which saw a lift in profitability of over 5x within the year.

    A key driver to longer-term growth and competitive advantage has been the Company’s ability to attract and retain its ecosystem of nail designer talent. FY2024 represented a record year in terms of annual retention of designer talent which was at 87 percent, up 3 percentage points from 84 percent in 2023. Additionally, a number of nail designers crossed their five-year anniversaries with the Company and now over 50 percent of the nail designer talent employment base hold tenure with the Company for 5 years or more.

    In 2024 the team demonstrated our deepest understanding of unit economics and KPIs, delivering the strongest studio performance across the portfolio, while diversifying our revenue streams with new JV, franchise and operating partners – setting us up on our journey towards greater scale and growth. We head into 2025 with a record level of 360%+ YoY studio profitability, deepening brand loyalty amongst our customer base, a strong balance sheet, and much enthusiasm for what’s ahead.” said Tony Tjan, Chief Executive Officer and Co-founder of MiniLuxe.

    Subsequent Events and 2025 Outlook

    To date, the first part of Q1 2025 presented the Company with both early progress towards its strategic priorities but also headwinds in the form of the LA wildfires and the introduction of US tariffs on trade partners.

    The LA fires impacted foot traffic and demand for Beverly Hills and Brentwood Studios. The Company has taken measures to address this potential impact to studio economics with increased leadership support and connectivity with the local community such that demand has begun to return (but is not anticipated to fully recover until 2H 2025).

    While the vast majority of MiniLuxe’s products are made in the US, the company is still making efforts to further minimize supply related exposure by exploring options to shift sourcing from China to US based vendors and lower tariff markets like Vietnam and Taiwan. These early moves are designed to optimize and protect gross margins in MiniLuxe’s proprietary products and Paintbox custom press on products and packaging.

    Early wins in Q1 of 2025 include closing on a new tranche of funding and reaching an agreement for the conversion of all of the Company’s remaining balance of convertible notes as explained below.

    Effective February 10, 2025, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement of Class A subordinate voting shares of the Company and raised a total of USD $3.49M or (~CDN $4.94M) through the issuance of 6,247,717 Subordinate Voting Shares at a price of USD $0.55 each (CDN $0.79) Together, with the first private placement closing and this second and final closing of the Offering raised total new primary capital for the Company in the amount of USD $5.067M or (~CDN $7.26M). 

    Alongside the private placement offering, the Company also finalized additional shares-for-debt agreements to satisfy an aggregate of USD$1,055,577 (~CDN$1.49 million) of outstanding debt related to the principal and accrued but unpaid interest on certain convertible debentures of the Company (the “Debentures”). As part of this debt conversion, an aggregate of 2,294,731 Subordinate Voting Shares were issued at a deemed price of USD$0.46 per share, with an effective conversion date of February 7, 2025.

    The Company offered existing Debenture holders participating in the Offering the opportunity to elect to receive Subordinate Voting Shares at a discounted conversion price relative to the original terms of the Debentures. All Debenture holders electing to convert are deemed to be at arm’s length from the Company. The issuance of these shares remains subject to TSX Venture Exchange approval. Similarly, completion of all tranches of the private placement Offering is subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions, including the approval of the TSX Venture Exchange. The securities issued pursuant to the initial closing of the Offering are subject to a hold period of four months and one day from the issuance date in accordance with applicable securities laws.

    On March 11, 2025, the Company announced the refinancing and extension of maturity of its existing senior debt to 2028 to be coincident with a new tranche of $1.675M of senior debt from Flow Capital.

    On March 21, 2025, the Company announced that it had reached agreement for the conversion of all of its remaining balance of convertible notes.

    2024 Results

    Selected Financial Measures

    Results of Operations

    The following table outlines the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss for the fiscal year which ended December 29, 2024, and December 31, 2023.

    Cash Flows

    The following table presents cash and cash equivalents for the fiscal year which ended December 29, 2024, and December 31, 2023.

    Non-IFRS Measures and Reconciliation of Non-IFRS Measures

    This press release references certain non-IFRS measures used by management. These measures are not recognized under International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”), do not have a standardized meaning prescribed by IFRS, and are therefore unlikely to be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. Rather, these measures are provided as additional information to complement those IFRS measures by providing further understanding of the Company’s results of operations from management’s perspective. Accordingly, these measures should not be considered in isolation nor as a substitute for analysis of the Company’s financial information reported under IFRS. The non-IFRS measures referred to in this press release are “Adjusted EBITDA” and “Fleet Adjusted EBITDA”.

    Adjusted EBITDA

    Management believes Adjusted EBITDA most accurately reflects the commercial reality of the Company’s operations on an ongoing basis by adding back non-cash expenses. Additionally, the rent-related adjustments ensure that studio-related expenses align with revenue generated over the corresponding time periods.

    Adjusted EBITDA is calculated by adding back fixed asset depreciation, right-of-use asset amortization under IFRS 16, asset disposal, and share-based compensation expense to IFRS operating income, then deducting straight-line rent expenses net of lease abatements. IFRS operating income is revenue less cost of sales (gross profit), additionally adjusted for general and administrative expenses, and depreciation and amortization expenses.

    A reconciliation of IFRS operating income to Adjusted EBITDA is included in Selected Consolidated Financial Information.

    The Company also uses Fleet Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate the performance of its MiniLuxe Core Studio business (19 MiniLuxe-branded studios operating for 18+ months). This metric is calculated in a similar manner, starting with Talent revenue and adjusting for non-fleet Talent revenue and cost of sales, further adjusted by fleet general and administrative expenses and finally subtracting straight line rent expense (similar to amount used in the full company Adjusted EBITDA, less amounts allocated to locations outside of MiniLuxe’s core studio business, i.e. Paintbox). The Company believes that this metric most closely mirrors how management views the fleet portion of the business. A reconciliation of Talent revenue to Fleet Adjusted EBITDA is included in Selected Consolidated Financial Information.

    The following table reconciles net Operating Loss to Adjusted EBITDA for FY24 and FY23.

    The following table reconciles Fleet Talent Revenue to Fleet Adjusted EBITDA for FY24 and FY23.

    _____________________________________________

    Straight-line rent expense for a given payment period is calculated by dividing the sum of all payments over the life of the lease (the figure used in the present value calculation of the right-of-use asset) by the number of payment periods (typically months). This number is then annualized by adding the rent expenses calculated for the payment periods that comprise each fiscal year. For leases signed mid-year, the total straight-line rent expense calculation applies the new lease terms only to the payment periods after the signing of the new lease.

    About MiniLuxe

    MiniLuxe, a Delaware corporation based in Boston, Massachusetts. MiniLuxe is a lifestyle brand and talent empowerment platform servicing the beauty and self-care industry. The Company focuses on delivering high-quality nail care and esthetic services and offers a suite of trusted proprietary products that are used in the Company’s owned-and-operated studio services. For over a decade, MiniLuxe has been elevating industry standards through healthier, ultra-hygienic services, a modern design esthetic, socially responsible labor practices, and better-for-you, cleaner products. MiniLuxe’s aims to radically transform a highly fragmented and under-regulated self-care and nail care industry through its brand, standards, and technology platform that collectively enable better talent and client experiences. For its clients, MiniLuxe offers best-in-class self-care services and better-for-you products, and for nail care and beauty professionals, MiniLuxe seeks to become the employer of choice. In addition to creating long-term durable economic returns for our stakeholders, the brand seeks to positively impact and empower one of the most diverse and largest hourly worker segments through professional development and certification, economic mobility, and company ownership opportunities (e.g., equity participation and future franchise opportunities). Since its inception, MiniLuxe has performed over 4 million services.

    For further information

    Christine Mastrangelo
    ‎Investor Relations, MiniLuxe Holding Corp.
    cmastrangelo@MiniLuxe.com
    MiniLuxe.com 

    Neither TSX Venture Exchange nor its Regulation Services Provider (as that term is defined in the policies of the TSX Venture Exchange) accepts responsibility for the adequacy or accuracy of this release.

    Forward-looking statements

    This press release contains “forward-looking information” and “forward-looking statements” (collectively, “forward-looking information”) concerning the Company and its subsidiaries within the meaning of applicable securities laws. Forward-looking information may relate to the future financial outlook and anticipated events or results of the Company and may include information regarding the Company’s financial position, business strategy, growth strategies, acquisition prospects and plans, addressable markets, budgets, operations, financial results, taxes, dividend policy, plans and objectives. Particularly, information regarding the Company’s expectations of future results, performance, achievements, prospects or opportunities or the markets in which the Company operates is forward-looking information. In some cases, forward-looking information can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “plans”, “targets”, “expects”, “budgets”, “scheduled”, “estimates”, “outlook”, “forecasts”, “projects”, “prospects”, “strategy”, “intends”, “anticipates”, “believes”, or variations of such words and phrases or statements that certain actions, events or results “may”, “could”, “would”, “might”, or “will” occur. In addition, any statements that refer to expectations, intentions, projections or other characterizations of future events or circumstances contain forward-looking information. Statements containing forward-looking information are not historical facts but instead represent management’s expectations, estimates and projections regarding future events or circumstances.

    Many factors could cause the Company’s actual results, performance, or achievements to be materially different from any future results, performance, or achievements that may be expressed or implied by such forward-looking information, including, without limitation, those listed in the “Risk Factors” section of the Company’s filing statement dated November 9, 2021. Should one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or should assumptions underlying the forward-looking statements prove incorrect, actual results, performance, or achievements could vary materially from those expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in this press release. 

    Forward-looking information, by its nature, is based on the Company’s opinions, estimates and assumptions in light of management’s experience and perception of historical trends, current conditions and expected future developments, as well as other factors that the Company currently believes are appropriate and reasonable in the circumstances. Those factors should not be construed as exhaustive. Despite a careful process to prepare and review forward-looking information, there can be no assurance that the underlying opinions, estimates and assumptions will prove to be correct. These factors should be considered carefully, and readers should not place undue reliance on the forward-looking information. Although the Company bases its forward-looking information on assumptions that it believes were reasonable when made, which include, but are not limited to, assumptions with respect to the Company’s future growth potential, results of operations, future prospects and opportunities, execution of the Company’s business strategy, there being no material variations in the current tax and regulatory environments, future levels of indebtedness and current economic conditions remaining unchanged, the Company cautions readers that forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and that our actual results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and the development of the industry in which the Company operates may differ materially from the forward-looking statements contained in this press release. In addition, even if the Company’s results of operations, financial condition and liquidity, and the development of the industry in which it operates are consistent with the forward-looking information contained in this press release, those results or developments may not be indicative of results or developments in subsequent periods.

    Although the Company has attempted to identify important risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in forward-looking information, there may be other risk factors not presently known to the Company or that the Company presently believes are not material that could also cause actual results or future events to differ materially from those expressed in such forward-looking information. There can be no assurance that such information will prove to be accurate, as actual results and future events could differ materially from those anticipated in such information. Accordingly, readers should not place undue reliance on forward-looking information, which speaks only as of the date made (or as of the date they are otherwise stated to be made). Any forward-looking statement that is made in this press release speaks only as of the date of such statement.

    The MIL Network

  • MIL-OSI United Kingdom: Electrical substation fire – Maida Vale | Westminster City Council

    Source: City of Westminster

    Fifteen fire engines and around 100 firefighters have been called to a fire at an electrical substation on Aberdeen Place in Maida Vale.

    An electrical transformer remains alight and firefighting operations are likely to continue throughout the day.

    Nearby residents are advised to keep their windows and doors shut.

    Rest centres

    We have two rest centres open for residents who may need somewhere to go.

    Tea and coffee will be provided.

    Greenside Community Centre: 24 Lilestone Street, NW8 8SR.

    Wharncliffe Gardens Community Centre: Birch Vale Court, Pollitt Dr, London NW8 8JF

    Road closures

    Please be aware of the following road closures:

    • St John’s Wood Road Junction with Cunningham Road
    • Aberdeen Place Junction with Northwick Terrace

    More information

    London Fire Brigade (LFB) have more information on their website.

    Plane your journey on the Transport for London (TfL) website.

    Follow LFB on X (formally Twitter) for updates.

    Follow us on X for updates.

    MIL OSI United Kingdom

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: The Government of France contributes EUR 1 million to WFP resilience projects in Afghanistan

    Source: World Food Programme

    KABUL – The United Nations World Food Programme (WFP) in Afghanistan welcomes a contribution of EUR 1 million from the Government of France in flexible funding which has been programmed towards WFP’s resilience projects.

    For a period of six months, this funding will allow WFP to reach over 1,100 families with vocational trainings, support farmers in remote regions and create assets that help communities become more resilient to the impacts of the climate crisis. Additionally, when a family member participates in asset creation or vocational skills training, they receive food or a monthly allowance of AFN 6,400 (approximately US$90) for six months to help cover basic food needs. 

    “The climate crisis is destroying Afghanistan’s farms, homes, and hopes. With flash floods on top of years of drought, millions are left with no way to grow food or earn a living,” said H.E. Ms Céline Jurgensen, Ambassador, Permanent Representative of France to the United Nations in Rome. “Afghan communities need long-term solutions to be able to achieve economic independence and sustainable livelihoods.” 

    WFP’s vocational training programmes empower Afghan women by teaching them marketable skills. The programmes focus on tailoring, carpet weaving and food value chains such as jam making and food preservation. They serve as a vital source of livelihood and offer some of the few remaining safe spaces for Afghan women outside their homes.

    To help Afghan communities stand on their own feet, WFP supports them – especially women – with vocational trainings and the creation of climate-resilient infrastructure including building irrigation canals, dams and flood protection walls, which mitigate the impacts of extreme weather and boost farming productivity,” said Mutinta Chimuka, WFP Country Director a.i. in Afghanistan, “WFP thanks the Government of France for their support to the vulnerable communities of Afghanistan.”

    Last year, via resilience projects in Afghanistan, WFP reached over half a million people – nearly half of them being women and girls – by distributing 5,400 metric tons of food and nearly US$ 24 million in cash for food. This year, WFP plans to reach 50,000 families (350,000 people) through resilience projects, covering 61 districts across 30 provinces of Afghanistan. 

    The Government of France has proven to be a steadfast partner in supporting WFP operations in Afghanistan, contributing approximately EUR 50 million from 2021 to 2024. 

    #                    #                       #

    The United Nations World Food Programme is the world’s largest humanitarian organization, saving lives in emergencies and using food assistance to build a pathway to peace, stability and prosperity for people recovering from conflict, disasters, and the impact of climate change.

    Follow us on Twitter: @wfp_media @WFP_Afghanistan

    MIL OSI United Nations News

  • MIL-OSI Russia: Adventures of Foreigners in Russia. How a Telegram Channel Helps Foreign Students

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University – Peter the Great St Petersburg Polytechnic University –

    Life is in full swing at the Saint Petersburg Polytechnic University: the university was recently visited by an unusual guest — Arina Rylova, a representative of the popular Telegram channel “Adventures of Foreigners in Russia.” The meeting within the university walls turned into a real brainstorming session: activists of student organizations supervising the adaptation of foreign guests shared their experiences, and the guest shared success stories and plans for the future.

    Imagine: a student from Nigeria comes to Russia, gets lost in a pile of documents, doesn’t know where to run. We become his guides, — the channel’s representative begins the presentation. The project, which has united tens of thousands of subscribers, works as a multilingual bridge between foreigners and Russian bureaucracy. Through a bot integrated with the Ministry of Digital Development, the guys quickly resolve migration issues. The channel publishes life hacks in five languages (Chinese, English, French, Arabic, Spanish): how to open an account, extend a visa or find a doctor.

    But this is just the tip of the iceberg. The channel is also a social lift.

    “Last year, our activists visited the SPIEF and the Russia-Africa forum,” the speaker says proudly. “The guys were able to communicate with the leaders of their countries.”

    The faces of the channel’s heroes flash across the screen. Here is Ibrahim from Algeria. He entered, learned Russian so well that he received citizenship, and now he runs a blog for his fellow countrymen. Next to him is a smiling student from Africa, whose blog about life in Russia was noticed by Yandex and invited to work.

    We don’t just provide information – we open doors, the speaker emphasizes.

    In response, Polytechnic student leaders are demonstrating their ecosystem of support. PolyUnion is a whole world.

    Adapters and tutors meet newcomers at the airport with signs in their native language, help with documents, and even teach them how to pay for the metro. The Council of Associations from 20 countries organizes Nowruz, Chinese New Year, and excursions around St. Petersburg and other Russian cities. The guys act as a link between students and the university administration. The Women’s Club creates a safe space for female students: from culinary master classes to career advice. The UN Model turns classrooms into diplomatic arenas, where foreigners hone their Russian in heated debates.

    Polytechnic University foreign students try to take part in activities outside our university: Our volunteer group recently visited Rzhevka, where we spent time walking dogs from a local shelter. For many students who left their pets at home, this trip was special – they happily interacted with animals, played with cats and shared warmth with those who need it, – shared one of the PolyUnion leaders and the ideological inspirer of the “Women’s Club” Alexandra Le Gall.

    PolyUnion actively participates in organizing humanitarian aid for countries that have found themselves in difficult situations. For example, in previous years, they collected aid for Syria and Turkey, and now they are holding an action for Myanmar. Collection points are open in the main building of the university, the Interclub and the dormitory: you can bring clothes, medicines, long-term storage products and other necessary things there. Everything collected through the embassy will be sent to Myanmar to support people affected by the crisis.

    Olesya Stepanova, Head of the Special Projects Department of the Polytechnic University’s USO, spoke about joint projects with foreign students, including the development of instruction cards for applicants from abroad who want to study at SPbPU. The meeting culminated in joint plans. The first candidates from the Polytechnic University will take part in the Summer International Gathering of the channel, which will become a platform for training bloggers.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    MIL OSI Russia News

  • MIL-OSI Banking: Outlaw cybergang attacking targets worldwide

    Source: Securelist – Kaspersky

    Headline: Outlaw cybergang attacking targets worldwide

    Introduction

    In a recent incident response case in Brazil, we dealt with a relatively simple, yet very effective threat focused on Linux environments. Outlaw (also known as “Dota”) is a Perl-based crypto mining botnet that typically takes advantage of weak or default SSH credentials for its operations. Previous research ([1], [2]) described Outlaw samples obtained from honeypots. In this article, we provide details from a real incident contained by Kaspersky, as well as publicly available telemetry data about the countries and territories most frequently targeted by the threat actor. Finally, we provide TTPs and best practices that security practitioners can adopt to protect their infrastructures against this type of threat.

    Analysis

    We started the analysis by gathering relevant evidence from a compromised Linux system. We identified an odd authorized SSH key for a user called suporte (in a Portuguese-speaking environment, this is an account typically used for administrative tasks in the operating system). Such accounts are often configured to have the same username as the password, which is a bad practice, making it easy for the attackers to exploit them. The authorized key belonged to a remote Linux machine user called mdrfckr, a string found in Dota campaigns, which raised our suspicion.

    Suspicious authorized key

    After the initial SSH compromise, the threat actor downloads the first-stage script, tddwrt7s.sh, using utilities like wget or curl. This artifact is responsible for downloading the dota.tar.gz file from the attackers’ server. Below is the sequence of commands performed by the attacker to obtain and decompress this file, which is rather typical of them. It is interesting to note that the adversary uses both of the previously mentioned utilities to try to download the artifact, since the system may not have one or another.

    Chain of commands used by the attackers to download and decompress dota.tar.gz

    After the decompression, a hidden directory, named “.configrc5”, was created in the user’s home directory with the following structure:

    .configrc5 directory structure

    Interestingly enough, one of the first execution steps is checking if other known miners are present on the machine using the script a/init0. If any miners are found, the script tries to kill and block their execution. One reason for this is to avoid possible overuse of the RAM and CPU on the target machine.

    Routine for killing and blocking known miners

    The script also monitors running processes, identifies any that use 40% or more CPU by executing the command ps axf o “pid %cpu”, and for each such process, checks its command line (/proc/$procid/cmdline) for keywords like “kswapd0”, “tsm”, “rsync”, “tor”, “httpd”, “blitz”, or “mass” using the grep command. If none of these keywords are found ( grep doesn’t return zero), the process is forcefully killed with the kill 9 command; otherwise, the script prints “don’t kill”, effectively whitelisting Outlaw’s known or expected high-CPU processes, so it doesn’t accidentally kill them.

    Processes checks performed by the threat

    After the process checks and killing are done, the b/run file is executed, which is responsible for maintaining persistence on the infected machine and executing next-stage malware from its code. For persistence purposes, the attackers used the following command to wipe the existing SSH setup, create a clean .ssh folder, add a new public key for SSH access, and lock down permissions.

    The next-stage malware is a Base64-encoded string inside the b/run script that, once decoded, reveals another level of obfuscation: this time an obfuscated Perl script. Interestingly, the attackers left a comment generated by the obfuscator (perlobfuscator.com) in place.

    Obfuscated Perl script

    We were able to easily deobfuscate the code using an open-source script available on the same website as used by the attackers (https://perlobfuscator.com/decode-stunnix-5.17.1.pl), which led us to the original source code containing a few words in Portuguese.

    Deobfuscated Perl script

    This Perl script is an IRC-based botnet client that acts as a backdoor on a compromised system. Upon execution, it disguises itself as an rsync process, creates a copy of itself in the background, and ignores termination signals. By default, it connects to a hardcoded IRC server over port 443 using randomly generated nicknames, joining predefined channels to await commands from designated administrators. The bot supports a range of malicious features including command execution, DDoS attacks, port scans, file download, and upload via HTTP. This provides the attackers with a wide range of capabilities to command and control the botnet.

    XMRig miner

    Another file from the hidden directory, a/kswapd0, is an ELF packed using UPX, as shown in the image below. We were able to easily unpack the binary for analysis.

    kswapd0 identification and unpacking

    By querying the hash on threat intelligence portals and by statically analyzing the sample, it became clear that this binary is a malicious modified version of XMRig (6.19.0), a cryptocurrency miner.

    XMRig version

    We also found a configuration file embedded in the binary. This file contains the attacker’s mining information. In our scenario, the configuration was set up to mine Monero using the CPU only, with both OpenCL and CUDA (for GPU mining) disabled. The miner runs in the background, configured for high CPU usage. It also connects to multiple mining pools, including one accessible via Tor, which explains the presence of Tor files inside the .configrc5/a directory. The image below shows an excerpt from this configuration file.

    XMRig custom configuration

    Victims

    Through telemetry data collected from public feeds, we have identified victims of the Outlaw gang mainly in the United States, but also in Germany, Italy, Thailand, Singapore, Taiwan, Canada and Brazil, as shown in the chart below.

    Countries and territories where Outlaw is most activedownload)

    The following chart shows the distribution of recent victims. We can see that the group was idle from December 2024 through February 2025, then a spike in the number of victims was observed in March 2025.

    Number of Outlaw victims by month, September 2024–March 2025 (download)

    Recommendations

    Since Outlaw exploits weak or default SSH passwords, we recommend that system administrators adopt a proactive approach to hardening their servers. This can be achieved through custom server configurations and by keeping services up to date. Even simple practices, such as using key-based authentication, can be highly effective. However, the /etc/ssh/sshd_config file allows for the use of several additional parameters to improve security. Some general configurations include:

    • Port : changes the default SSH port to reduce exposure to automated scans.
    • Protocol 2: enforces the use of the more secure protocol version.
    • PermitRootLogin no: disables direct login as the root user.
    • MaxAuthTries : limits the number of authentication attempts per session.
    • LoginGraceTime : defines the amount of time allowed to complete the login process (in seconds unless specified otherwise).
    • PasswordAuthentication no: disables password-based login.
    • PermitEmptyPasswords no: prevents login with empty passwords.
    • X11Forwarding no: disables X11 forwarding (used for running graphical applications remotely).
    • PermitUserEnvironment no: prevents users from passing environment variables.
    • Banner /etc/ssh/custom_banner: customizes the system login banner.

    Consider disabling unused authentication protocols:

    • ChallengeResponseAuthentication no
    • KerberosAuthentication no
    • GSSAPIAuthentication no

    Disable tunneling options to prevent misuse of the SSH tunnel feature:

    • AllowAgentForwarding no
    • AllowTcpForwarding no
    • PermitTunnel no

    You can limit SSH access to specific IPs or networks using the AllowUsers directive:

    • AllowUsers *@10.10.10.217
    • AllowUsers *@192.168.0.0/24

    Enable public key authentication with:

    • PubkeyAuthentication yes

    Set parameters to automatically disconnect idle sessions:

    • ClientAliveInterval
    • ClientAliveCountMax

    The following configuration file serves as a template for hardening the SSH service:

    While outside sshd_config, pairing your config with tools like Fail2Ban or firewalld rate limiting adds another solid layer of protection against brute force.

    Conclusion

    By focusing on weak or default SSH credentials, Outlaw keeps improving and broadening its Linux-focused toolkit. The group uses a range of evasion strategies, such as concealing files and folders or obfuscated programs, and uses compromised SSH keys to keep access for as long as possible. The IRC-based botnet client facilitates a wide range of harmful operations, such as command execution, flooding, and scanning, while the deployment of customized XMRig miners can divert processing resources to cryptocurrency mining. By hardening SSH configurations (for instance, turning off password authentication), keeping an eye out for questionable processes, and limiting SSH access to trustworthy users and networks, system administrators can greatly lessen this hazard.

    Tactics, techniques and procedures

    Below are the Outlaw TTPs identified from our malware analysis.

    Tactic Technique ID
    Execution Command and Scripting Interpreter: Unix Shell T1059.004
    Persistence Scheduled Task/Job: Cron T1053.003
    Persistence Account Manipulation: SSH Authorized Keys T1098.004
    Defense Evasion Obfuscated Files or Information T1027
    Defense Evasion Indicator Removal: File Deletion T1070.004
    Defense Evasion File and Directory Permissions Modification T1222
    Defense Evasion Hide Artifacts: Hidden Files and Directories T1564.001
    Defense Evasion Obfuscated Files or Information: Software Packing T1027.002
    Credential Access Brute Force T1110
    Discovery System Information Discovery T1082
    Discovery Process Discovery T1057
    Discovery Account Discovery T1087
    Discovery System Owner/User Discovery T1033
    Discovery System Network Connections Discovery T1049
    Lateral Movement Remote Services: SSH T1021.004
    Collection Data from Local System T1005
    Command and Control Application Layer Protocol T1071
    Command and Control Ingress Tool Transfer T1105
    Exfiltration Exfiltration Over Alternative Protocol T1048
    Impact Resource Hijacking T1496
    Impact Service Stop T1489

    Indicators of Compromise

    MIL OSI Global Banks

  • MIL-OSI Africa: Marriott International Announces Plans to Debut First Autograph Collection Safari Camp in Serengeti, Tanzania

    Source: Africa Press Organisation – English (2) – Report:

    SERENGETI, Tanzania, April 29, 2025/APO Group/ —

    Marriott International (www.Marriott.com), Inc. has signed an agreement to open the first Autograph Collection safari camp globally. Expected to debut in Q3 2025, Mapito Safari Camp, Serengeti, Autograph Collection will deliver a distinctive and immersive safari experience in Tanzania’s world-renowned Serengeti wilderness, marking a milestone expansion for the brand into experiential, nature-based travel.

    Mapito Safari Camp, Serengeti, Autograph Collection is set in the heart of the Serengeti ecosystem, near the Fort Ikoma gate of Serengeti National Park. Positioned between Central Serengeti and the western migration corridor, the camp lies directly along the Great Migration route, where vast herds of wildebeest, zebra and antelope pass through between May and July each year. The surrounding area teems with wildlife year-round—including lion, elephant, buffalo, leopard and giraffe—offering remarkable encounters in every season.  

    “Mapito Safari Camp will mark a defining moment for Autograph Collection as we introduce the brand’s first safari experience in one of the world’s most breathtaking wildlife destinations,” said Jerome Briet, Chief Development Officer, Europe, Middle East & Africa, Marriott International. “The Serengeti’s scale, beauty, and cultural heritage will make an unforgettable setting for a property that will embody the individuality and character that Autograph Collection is known for.” 

    Mapito Safari Camp, Serengeti, Autograph Collection is expected to offer 16 tented suites, including a two-bedroom villa. Each suite will feature an outdoor deck, fire pit and retractable roof for open-air stargazing — a first for the region. Plans for the camp include a spa, fitness centre, swimming pool and multiple dining options, such as ‘The Boma’, a communal restaurant inspired by traditional bonfire gatherings. 

    Design inspiration will be drawn from the surrounding landscape and local Ikoma culture, and the camp will aim to incorporate sustainable practices that support conservation and minimise environmental impact.  

    Guests can anticipate a range of immersive experiences, from spectacular daytime game drives and evocative night safaris that unveil the Serengeti’s nocturnal rhythms, to walking safaris, hot air balloon flights, bush dining, and meaningful engagement with the local Ikoma tribe. 

    “We are excited to collaborate with Marriott International to bring Autograph Collection to the Serengeti,” said Rishen Patel, developer of Mapito Safari Camp, Serengeti, Autograph Collection. “This camp will offer an intimate, and immersive experience that reflects both the natural wonder of the region and the timeless storytelling and craftsmanship of the brand.” 

    Autograph Collection’s global portfolio currently includes over 330 hotels that are carefully selected for their vision, passion, and unique perspectives on design and hospitality. Each property offers immersive moments that are Exactly Like Nothing Else

    MIL OSI Africa

  • MIL-OSI USA: NASA 3D Wind Measuring Laser Aims to Improve Forecasts from Air, Space

    Source: NASA

    Since last fall, NASA scientists have flown an advanced 3D Doppler wind lidar instrument across the United States to collect nearly 100 hours of data — including a flight through a hurricane. The goal? To demonstrate the unique capability of the Aerosol Wind Profiler (AWP) instrument to gather extremely precise measurements of wind direction, wind speed, and aerosol concentration – all crucial elements for accurate weather forecasting.
    Weather phenomena like severe thunderstorms and hurricanes develop rapidly, so improving predictions requires more accurate wind observations.
    “There is a lack of global wind measurements above Earth’s surface,” explained Kris Bedka, the AWP principal investigator at NASA’s Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia. “Winds are measured by commercial aircraft as they fly to their destinations and by weather balloons launched up to twice per day from just 1,300 sites across the globe. From space, winds are estimated by tracking cloud and water vapor movement from satellite images.”
    However, in areas without clouds or where water vapor patterns cannot be easily tracked, there are typically no reliable wind measurements. The AWP instrument seeks to fill these gaps with detailed 3D wind profiles.

    Mounted to an aircraft with viewing ports underneath it, AWP emits 200 laser energy pulses per second that scatter and reflect off aerosol particles — such as pollution, dust, smoke, sea salt, and clouds — in the air. Aerosol and cloud particle movement causes the laser pulse wavelength to change, a concept known as the Doppler effect.
    The AWP instrument sends these pulses in two directions, oriented 90 degrees apart from each other. Combined, they create a 3D profile of wind vectors, representing both wind speed and direction.

    Kris bedka
    NASA Research Physical Scientist

    “The Aerosol Wind Profiler is able to measure wind speed and direction, but not just at one given point,” Bedka said. “Instead, we are measuring winds at different altitudes in the atmosphere simultaneously with extremely high detail and accuracy.”
    Vectors help researchers and meteorologists understand the weather, so AWP’s measurements could significantly advance weather modeling and forecasting. For this reason, the instrument was chosen to be part of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Joint Venture Program, which seeks data from new technologies that can fill gaps in current weather forecasting systems. NASA’s Weather Program also saw mutual benefit in NOAA’s investments and provided additional support to increase the return on investment for both agencies.
    On board NASA’s Gulfstream III (G-III) aircraft, AWP was paired with the agency’s High-Altitude Lidar Observatory (HALO) that measures water vapor, aerosols, and cloud properties through a combined differential absorption and high spectral resolution lidar.
    Working together for the first time, AWP measured winds, HALO collected water vapor and aerosol data, and NOAA dropsondes (small instruments dropped from a tube in the bottom of the aircraft) gathered temperature, water vapor, and wind data.

    “With our instrument package on board small, affordable-to-operate aircraft, we have a very powerful capability,” said Bedka. “The combination of AWP and HALO is NASA’s next-generation airborne weather remote sensing package, which we hope to also fly aboard satellites to benefit everyone across the globe.”

    kris bedka
    NASA Research Physical Scientist

    The animation below, based on AWP data, shows the complexity and structure of aerosol layers present in the atmosphere. Current prediction models do not accurately simulate how aerosols are organized throughout the breadth of the atmosphere, said Bedka.

    “When we took off on this particular day, I thought that we would be finding a clear atmosphere with little to no aerosol return because we were flying into what was the first real blast of cool Canadian air of the fall,” described Bedka. “What we found was quite the opposite: an aerosol-rich environment which provided excellent signal to accurately measure winds.” 
    During the Joint Venture flights, Hurricane Helene was making landfall in Florida. The AWP crew of two pilots and five science team members quickly created a flight plan to gather wind measurements along the outer bands of the severe storm.

    “A 3D wind profile can significantly improve weather forecasts, particularly for storms and hurricanes,” said Harshesh Patel, NOAA’s acting Joint Venture Program manager. “NASA Langley specializes in the development of coherent Doppler wind lidar technology and this AWP concept has potential to provide better performance for NOAA’s needs.”

    The flights of the AWP lidar are serving as a proving ground for possible integration into a future satellite mission.
    “The need to improve global 3D wind models requires a space-based platform,” added Patel. “Instruments like AWP have specific space-based applications that potentially align with NOAA’s mission to provide critical data for improving weather forecasting.”

    After the NOAA flights, AWP and HALO were sent to central California for the Westcoast & Heartland Hyperspectral Microwave Sensor Intensive Experiment  and the Active Passive profiling Experiment, which was supported by NASA’s Planetary Boundary Layer Decadal Survey Incubation Program and NASA Weather Programs. These missions studied atmospheric processes within the planetary boundary layer, the lowest part of the atmosphere, that drives the weather conditions we experience on the ground. 

    To learn more about lidar instruments at NASA visit:
    NASA Langley Research Center: Generations of Lidar Expertise

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI USA: Governor Newsom proclaims Workers’ Memorial Day 2025

    Source: US State of California 2

    Apr 28, 2025

    Sacramento, California – Governor Gavin Newsom today issued a proclamation declaring April 28, 2025 as “Workers’ Memorial Day.”

    The text of the proclamation and a copy can be found below:

    PROCLAMATION

    On Workers’ Memorial Day, we acknowledge, remember, and honor all those who lost their lives or were injured on the job, and renew our commitment to securing safe and healthy working conditions for all workers.

    Our diverse workforce has helped make California’s economy the envy of the world, and the contributions of our workers help all Californians to live and thrive in the state. Workers serving in our state’s many industries put themselves at risk of serious injury every day. California is profoundly grateful to these women and men and is committed to protecting those who support all of us.

    Our state has a long history of championing important safeguards and rights for our workers. In 1991, California became the first state in the nation to adopt an Injury and Illness Prevention Program standard, and in recent years, our state has adopted strong public health standards to further protect workers and their families.

    In recent years, we have advanced landmark actions to improve working conditions and wages for fast-food workers, protect warehouse workers from unsafe production quotas, end unfair pay practices impacting garment industry workers, and protect the health of workers in the stone fabrication industry. These vital efforts would not have been possible without the leadership of workers who have spoken out and led the charge for safer conditions for themselves and their co-workers.

    As we recognize Workers’ Memorial Day and pay tribute to our fallen workers, let us recommit to supporting the welfare of our workforce and ensuring healthy and safe workplaces for all Californians.

    NOW THEREFORE I, GAVIN NEWSOM, Governor of the State of California, do hereby proclaim April 28, 2025 as “Workers’ Memorial Day.”

    IN WITNESS WHEREOF I have hereunto set my hand and caused the Great Seal of the State of California to be affixed this 18th day of April 2025.
     

    GAVIN NEWSOM
    Governor of California

    ATTEST:
    SHIRLEY N. WEBER, Ph.D.
    Secretary of State

    Recent news

    News What you need to know: DOGE is ramping up its work to dismantle AmeriCorps. California will sue to stop it. SACRAMENTO – Governor Gavin Newsom today issued the following statement after California received notice from the federal government of termination of its…

    News SACRAMENTO – Governor Gavin Newsom today announced the following appointments:Suzanne Martindale, of Oakland, has been appointed Chief Deputy Commissioner at the California Department of Financial Protection and Innovation. Martindale has been the Senior Deputy…

    News What you need to know: More Californians than ever are connecting with earthquake warning services as the MyShake app reaches over 4 million downloads. SACRAMENTO – During Earthquake Preparedness Month, Governor Gavin Newsom today announced a major milestone: the…

    MIL OSI USA News

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Madagascar: Improving Infrastructure Resilience to Reduce Climate-Related Economic Losses

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Madagascar: Improving Infrastructure Resilience to Reduce Climate-Related Economic Losses

    (In collaboration with UNDRR and CDRI)

    One of the world’s largest islands, located in the tropical south-west Indian Ocean, Madagascar needs new roads, schools, electricity networks, and more to lift large portions of its 30 million population out of poverty. But even as it builds this new infrastructure, its progress remains fragile. Tropical cyclones and other extreme hazard events can wipe out these development gains, and climate change multiplies that threat. 

    The challenge is significant. Madagascar is the world’s fourth largest island, and its relatively small population is spread out, much of it in rural hard-to-access areas. Most villages are isolated and they lack access to decent roads, drinking water or electricity, preventing sustainable development and poverty reduction too. Rapid population growth increases the pressure to build new infrastructure fast, but Madagascar must also find new ways to protect its transport networks, energy supplies, water supplies, and more from the growing threat of climate change. 

    Building resilience into infrastructure will bring significant benefits. Madagascar’s infrastructure currently suffers damage worth roughly USD 100 million each year. Cyclones account for 85 percent of this damage and are expected to increase with climate change.  

    With that in mind, Madagascar has become one of four countries – together with Bhutan, Chile, and Tonga – to pioneer the Global Methodology for Infrastructure Resilience Review. Developed by the UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) and the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI), the methodology helps countries to identify and prioritize strategies that will make their infrastructure more resilient through a five-step approach. 

    • Developing the plan
    • Developing the plan

      “With this new way of looking by zooming out, we have more of an overall vision of everything that makes infrastructure vulnerable,” Randrianandrasana Lila Norolalaina, Head of Disaster Risk Reduction at the Ministry of Education, says.

      Together, these stakeholders looked at six specific sectors – transport, energy, water, telecommunications, health and education – analyzing them against ten key hazards. Cyclones account for most of Madagascar’s recorded losses, but floods, rising sea levels, variations in rainfall patterns, and heatwaves also have an impact. 

      Cascading disasters were central to the analysis, since a failure in one infrastructure sector can spread to others. Electricity failure impacts communication, transportation, and water supply systems, for example. And pumping equipment loses power and is unable to keep floodwaters under control around the capital Antananarivo, then an electricity failure would lead to other disasters, for example. Understanding these interdependencies helps to prevent a chain of failures and thus much bigger crises

      The UNDRR stress testing tool simulated various scenarios and assessed the potential impact on different sectors. It helped decision-makers to understand their vulnerabilities and to analyse the possibilities for cascading disasters. Finally, it concluded that telecommunications and energy were the sectors most likely to trigger further failures, while wastewater management was the most vulnerable to disruptions from elsewhere. 

      Interdependencies of Functions and Cascading Effects

    • Energy
    • Energy

      Discussed within the context of resilient infrastructure, energy is also vital for Madagascar’s human development. It is, however, in short supply throughout the country and this shortage prevents the country from industrialising its key sectors, especially farming. Some 80 percent of the workforce is involved with subsistence farming, for example, while failure to industrialise prevents the creation of higher paying jobs. The lack of energy also slows the modernisation of Madagascar’s young mining sector, a major contributor to GDP, through exports of nickel, cobalt, chromium, titanium, and heavy metals.

      Madagascar aims to connect 70 percent of its population to electricity by 2030, from just 15 percent at present. For those who are connected, however, power cuts and voltage fluctuations are frequent, causing serious disruptions to daily life and economic development alike. The issue is often acute in rural areas, where just 5 percent of the population is connected.

      Stress-testing analysis, Energy

      Inadequate maintenance is part of the problem, but cyclones, heavy rains, landslides, and strong winds all lead to widespread interruptions and power outages. Two of six power stations are vulnerable to rising water levels, while earthquakes and cyber-attacks can also damage production. Droughts and fires threaten serious impacts to water supplies. They can therefore limit the production of electricity from hydropower, which accounts for 31 percent of Madagascar’s energy. 

      Resilience is a vital priority. Part of Madagascar’s resilience plan is to move away from imported fossil fuels towards renewables. Oil and coal, for example, account for 49 and 19 percent respectively of the island’s energy production, but they depend heavily on Madagascar’s transport, which is also vulnerable to storms. Madagascar wants renewables to account for 80 percent of its energy production by 2030, up from 33 percent at present. 

      Even before the review of infrastructure resilience, Madagascar had already begun to improve its energy infrastructure, through its 2015-2030 New Energy Policy (NPE). One key element of NPE is to integrate disaster risk management into the energy sector. In case of emergency, Madagascar has also developed a contingency plan to ensure continuity of essential services. With support from the World Bank, Madagascar is enhancing its energy sector management and improving service quality.

      These opportunities mainly link to information and data. Stakeholders discussed the need to strengthen and update data for monitoring and evaluation, as well as to request information and disaster risk best practices from private operators in the sector. By mapping the state of energy infrastructure, including an assessment of vulnerability and resilience levels, Madagascar will be better placed to prioritise its interventions.

      Following the Global Methodology for Infrastructure Resilience Review, therefore, Madagascar has already begun to work with other partners. The Global Risk Modelling Alliance (GRMA), for example, is working with Madagascar to improve their data through better hazard modelling.

    • Transport
    • Transport

      Made up of four sub-sectors – air, sea, road, and rail – Madagascar’s transport illustrates the country’s challenges effectively too. Even without the natural hazards, Madagascar’s transport networks are limited. To the south, for example, one single trainline connects a region of roughly 100,000 people to the rest of the country. Also in the South, covering 500km by road can take three days. 

      With limited internal roads and railways, Madagascar uses its air network to connect different parts of the vast country, especially in the rainy season or when humanitarian aid is needed urgently. Its ports are also vital for the country’s economy, exporting vanilla and other agricultural products, together with minerals and seafood products. 

      Much of this infrastructure is, however, vulnerable to disasters, such as cyclones, cyber-attacks, fire hazards, and even pandemics. Cyclones, landslides, and flooding routinely damage roads and – in the wake of Cyclone Gamane in March 2024 – reconstruction of road infrastructure was set to cost USD 76 million.

      International financial institutions, such as the World Bank and European Investment Bank, support Madagascar to recover from cyclone damage and to make their transport infrastructure more resilient. The Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) is supporting the USD 640 million expansion of Toamasina port, the gateway for about 75 percent of Madagascar’s international freight, while the African Development Bank (AfDB) is also considering rehabilitation of the port at Manakara. 

      Policies on rigorous maintenance, disaster planning, and construction or rehabilitation of new infrastructure, such as Ivato International Airport, will also help Madagascar to strengthen its infrastructure resilience. 

      Stress-testing analysis, Transportation

      However, the Infrastructure Resilience Review brought new insights, enabling Madagascar to prioritise its interventions. Data analysis identified:

      Stakeholders discussed the need to improve regulations and institutions alike, including by incorporating resilience principles. More work is needed on climate adaptation, while Madagascar would also benefit from better engagement with financial institutions and the insurance sector too. Better coordination would improve national adaptation plans and coastal area management. 

      Stakeholders also discussed the need for more data analysis, preventive maintenance, capacity building, and emergency planning, as well as the need to involve the private sector and facilitate more competition. 

      One key topic was the importance of resilience norms, especially in the transport sector. How does Madagascar develop these and then ensure compliance? These norms – and stakeholder compliance – are essential in reducing the amount of substandard construction, a major boost for resilience. 

    • Lessons for other countries
    • Lessons for other countries

      The Infrastructure Resilience Review represents an important step forward by Madagascar towards infrastructure resilience. Stakeholders hope it will also benefit donors and provide key lessons for other countries. 

      Resilient infrastructure is important because it enables and protects sustainable development. All too often, ferocious storms have destroyed donor-financed infrastructure, which means – in other words – that insufficient resilience puts development progress at risk.

    MIL OSI United Nations News

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Bhutan: Protecting hydropower and water from climate and other risks

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Building energy resilience

    Water also plays a vital role in Bhutan’s hydropower sector, which serves as the backbone of both its energy generation and exports.

    Indeed, Bhutan’s human and economic development is closely tied to the growth of its hydropower. Some 99.7 percent of households have access to electricity, which is also essential for hospitals, schools, and communication networks. Besides supporting domestic sectors, hydropower also enables industrial growth.

    But Bhutan’s hydropower sector faces increasing risks linked to the growing challenges to its water supply. Climate change is expected to exacerbate challenges such as droughts, glacial lake outburst floods (GLOFs), heavy rainfall, and flash floods. Additionally, Bhutan’s seismic activity makes hydropower assets vulnerable to loss and damage. 

    The country’s electricity transmission and distribution network is also at risk from geological events like earthquakes and landslides, as well as from fires and flash floods. At the same time, this network itself is a potential fire hazard, which could endanger surrounding infrastructure, settlements and forests.

    The Assessment identified several resilience measures, including some which are already well-advanced and which reflect a proactive approach to risk reduction. Bhutan is exploring investments into reservoirs and pumped storage projects, for example, to increase its water storage capacity. 
    However, the Assessment also highlighted several areas for improvement. It noted gaps in grid stability, real-time monitoring, and the ability to respond quickly to transmission and distribution outages. To address these challenges, the assessment recommended upgrades to safety standards and the introduction of mandatory risk reporting as a regulatory requirement for electricity transmission and distribution. Establishing feedback loops and mechanisms will also help to improve the network’s resilience.

    MIL OSI United Nations News

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Chile: Strengthening infrastructure resilience to face new and emerging hazards

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Chile: Strengthening infrastructure resilience to face existing and emerging hazards

    (In collaboration with UNDRR and CDRI)

    Stretching along Latin America’s Pacific coast from tropics in the north to freezing micro-climates in the south, Chile faces an array of natural hazards. Home to 20 million people, its location in the Ring of Fire and proximity to major tectonic plates exposes Chile to earthquakes and volcanic activity.

    A high-income country recognized for its good governance, Chile has reduced many of the risks associated with earthquakes and tsunamis. However, the country must also adapt to the new and intensifying hazards related to climate. 

    Chile was one of the first countries, together with Bhutan, Madagascar, and Tonga, to implement the new Global Methodology for Infrastructure Resilience Review. Developed by the UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) and the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI) the methodology helps countries to identify and prioritise the strategies that will build their infrastructure resilience through a five-step approach: 

    • Early start
    • Early start

      Within the disaster risk community, Chile stands out for its proactive approach to disaster risk. While saving lives is the top priority, the motivations are also economic. Between 2000 and 2019, damage to infrastructure accounted for 53 percent of all economic losses from disasters in the Latin American and Caribbean region. By enhancing its infrastructure resilience, Chile also protects its economy.

      Chile had already begun its search for new solutions to its disaster risk by the time Chile engaged with UNDRR and CDRI. In 2021, Chile replaced its National Emergency Office of the Ministry of the Interior and Public Safety (ONEMI) with SENAPRED, a new National Disaster Prevention and Response Agency, shifting the emphasis from recovery and reconstruction to disaster prevention

      Meanwhile, Chile’s new policies are also improving the resilience of Chilean infrastructure. New infrastructure projects require a disaster risk analysis, for example. Also, Chile’s 2022 Law on Climate Change (LMCC) requires sectoral, regional, and municipal authorities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and promote resilience to climate change. Such laws complement SENAPRED’s focus on disasters by focusing on hazards that can be slower to develop, such as water scarcity and desertification. 

    • The process
    • The process

      The Global Methodology for Infrastructure Resilience Review builds on UNDRR’s six Principles for Resilient Infrastructure, which set out the key conditions for sustainable infrastructure resilience. In doing so, the principles support the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction and Sustainable Development Goals, as well as the G20 Principles for Investing in Quality Infrastructure. 

      However, each country needs its own paths to infrastructure resilience, which is why the Global Methodology for Infrastructure Resilience Review is important. It provides a structured approach for every country to review and enhance their infrastructure governance, identifying the opportunities to create resilience across government levels. 

      Chile implemented the methodology’s five steps at the national level from June 2023 to May 2024. A deep dive was then completed for the Biobío region in December 2024, adapting the Global Methodology to the regional level. The analysis focused on six sectors – water, energy, transportation, telecommunications, health and education. 

      The government was well represented throughout the process, bringing together stakeholders from the ministries of public works (MOP), transport and telecommunications (MTT), energy (MINEN), education (MINEDUC), health (MINSAL), social development (MIDESO), housing and urban planning (MINVU), international relations (MINREL), finance, defence, and environment (MMA). 

      While this broad representation in the assessment and workshops created a truly multi-stakeholder approach, the Chile pilot also looked at the role of the private sector, which manages a large portion of the country’s infrastructure. This raised questions in terms of coordination, information asymmetries, and the incentives for private companies to invest in disaster risk reduction. When a private company is managing public assets, for example, how can incentives be aligned so that the private company puts the public interest before its desire for profit?

    • Recognising drought
    • Recognising drought

      Stakeholders highlighted discussions of risk as a major strength, noting that the stress testing allowed for a broader assessment of existing infrastructure vulnerabilities, including pandemics and cyber risks. While other threats—such as violence, sea level rise, atmospheric pollution, invasive exotic species, and diseases—were considered, they were ultimately excluded from further analysis due to their limited impact on infrastructure.

      Click to download the Prioritization of Threats in Chile table in PDF

      Drawing from data analysis and workshop discussions, participants ranked the greatest threats to Chilean infrastructure in the following order: drought, fires, floods, landslides, earthquakes, tsunamis, heat waves, tidal waves, and volcanic eruptions.

      Drought and water scarcity emerged as a priority because of their interdependent nature and potential cascading impacts on infrastructure systems. Around 53 percent of Chile’s territory is considered at high risk of drought, and 23 percent is at high risk of desertification. The central areas of Chile have experienced a nearly continuous megadrought since 2010.

      “The application of the global methdology allowed us to break new ground by conducting a hazard analysis in Chile specifically targeted to infrastructure, consolidating a systemic view and adding new elements that had previously gone unnoticed, such as droughts,” stated Luis Doñas, Project Coordinator, SENAPRED

      “Chile must now analyse these factors more closely to generate appropriate investment and make progress on key issues identified by stakeholders: territorial application, unification of information systems, strengthening intersectoral resilience training, and more decisive private sector involvement,” add Doñas

    • Protecting water
    • Protecting water

      Throughout the assessment, stakeholders distinguished between their infrastructure’s direct economic value and its critical functions. They also examined vulnerabilities, highlighting how the frequency and impact of different hazards can vary significantly between the regions. 

      Beyond these individual risks, the discussions also explored interdependencies between sectors and the potential for cascading failures. One key example is the relationship between water and energy in Chile. 

      After more than a decade of mega-drought, water supply companies have implemented contingency measures to limit the impacts in urban areas. However, the sustained dry conditions have seriously affected drinking water, irrigation, and other vital needs in rural areas. The proposed infrastructure assessment integrates advanced technology – such as desalination plants – with ongoing training and public education. Through a combination of short-, medium-, and long-term actions, the plan aims to enhance the resilience and sustainability of Chile’s water resources. 

      Water supply is not an isolated system, of course. It relies on other critical infrastructure, such as energy and transportation. Energy, in particular, is a priority as every other sector depends on it. A failure in the energy sector could trigger widespread cascading effects. To protect its energy infrastructure, Chile’s plan promotes advanced technologies and renewable energy solutions, reducing dependence on fossil fuels and strengthening long-term resilience.

    • Next steps
    • Next steps

      The process initiated in Chile concluded with establishing a Roadmap for Infrastructure Resilience, a strategic guide that will shape actions in this area for years to come. While the Roadmap outlines a series of proposals across six key infrastructure sectors, it also lays out a broader pathway for Chile to strengthen its infrastructure governance. 

      This includes better coordination, the incorporation of risk analysis into infrastructure planning and investment, better compliance, and more available and accessible risk data, including interactive platforms and information exchanges. In other words, Chile is committed to building more resilience into its infrastructure. 

      With this in mind, Chile has come up with three immediate actions.

      Click to download the Immediate Intervention scheme in PDF

      First, the Roadmap suggests establishing an intersectoral working group so that the necessary sectors and ministries can develop shared definitions and guidelines for resilient infrastructure. This group will receive extra training from a “Resilience Academy” involving both national and international experts. 

      Second, recognizing the sheer variety of hazards and territorial conditions across the country, Chile launched a regional-level infrastructure assessment to deepen risk analysis and develop improvements to governance. This process began in the Biobío Region, one of Chile’s 16 regions.

      Roughly 40 percent of Chile’s population and 40 percent of its economic activity are concentrated in the central region, where Santiago, the capital, is located. As a result, this area has a higher density of critical infrastructure increasing the infrastructure exposure to hazards. At the same time, remote regions remain highly vulnerable, as they often lack the resources and preparedness to withstand disasters effectively. 

      Each territory has its own unique needs, making it essential to tailor disaster risk reduction to local context.

      Distribution of hazards in micro-zones over the period 2000-2023

      Third, Chile will design and pilot an integrated data hub to consolidate risk-related information, enabling better monitoring, evaluation, and decision-making in risk management. The integrated data centre will serve as a unified system for tracking, reporting, and verifying the fragmented infrastructure resilience assessments and diagnostics currently dispersed across different sectors and agencies. By centralising this information, Chile will strengthen infrastructure planning and enhance its disaster risk reduction. 

      Implementing these and other measures will also move Chile towards a more resilient infrastructure, aligning with UNDRR’s principles for resilient infrastructure. This will better position the country to tackle current challenges, but also to enhance its ability to adapt to new and emerging hazards. 

      Collaboration will be key to success. Achieving resilience will require continued collaboration between government, business, and civil society. By enabling new analyses and multi-stakeholder workshops, the Global Methodology for Infrastructure Resilience Review has played a crucial role in fostering vital trust between the different stakeholders. 

    MIL OSI United Nations News

  • MIL-OSI United Nations: Tonga: Building infrastructure resilience in an isolated, hazardous world

    Source: UNISDR Disaster Risk Reduction

    Tonga: Building infrastructure resilience in an isolated, hazardous world

    (In collaboration with UNDRR and CDRI)

    When an underwater volcano erupted about 65 kilometres north of Tonga’s main island, Tongatapu, in January 2022, it sent ash high into the atmosphere and triggered a tsunami that struck the archipelago nation with waves as high as 15 metres. While the waves killed four people directly in Tonga, the eruption and consequent tsunami smashed into residential and non-residential buildings alike, damaged other infrastructure such as submarine cables, and contaminated water supplies with ashfall.

    The event also highlighted how Tonga must quickly build more resilience into its infrastructure and economy if it wants to improve the quality of life for its roughly 100,000 population.

    The country is a lower-middle income nation, constrained by its geographic isolation, small market size, and high cost of basic services. A Pacific archipelago of 172 islands, whose nearest neighbours – Fiji and Samoa – are more than 700 kilometres away, Tonga is highly dependent on climate sensitive-sectors such as agriculture, fisheries, and tourism. Its economy is sensitive to external shocks. 

    Cyclones, tsunamis, and volcanoes cause serious damage every time they hit Tonga, and yet – in recent years – the Pacific nation has experienced more extreme weather events than usual. Cyclone Gita, a category 4 tropical cyclone which hit Tonga in February 2018, was one of the most powerful storms to hit Tonga in decades, killing two, destroying at least 171 homes, and damaging more than 1,100 others. 

    This immense vulnerability to multiple natural hazards – and the dangers of cascading impacts – led Tonga to become one of four countries – together with Bhutan, Chile, and Madagascar – pioneering the Global Methodology for Infrastructure Resilience Review. Developed by the UN Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR) and the Coalition for Disaster Resilient Infrastructure (CDRI), the methodology helps countries to identify and prioritise the strategies that will build their infrastructure resilience through a five-step approach.

    • The process
    • The process

      In 2021, Tonga enacted the Disaster Risk Management (DRM) 2021 Act, replacing the Emergency Management Act 2007, signaling a new ambition to manage risk instead of reacting to disaster

      After the 2022 volcano eruption, it also connected quickly with international partners. With World Bank support, it upgraded its ports, roads, and an airport, making them more resilient to storm surges, floods, and high winds. The Asian Development Bank has also helped with grants to help the country recover from disasters and health emergencies, including the COVID-19 pandemic.

      The infrastructure resilience assessment approach in the Global Methodology, provided Tonga with the opportunity to take a holistic look at their infrastructure and risk, identify the gaps, and then fill them.

      Stress-testing of Critical Infrastructure against Identified Hazard, Tonga

      In the first phase, a technical working group was set up with representatives from 21 departments and agencies across six ministries. Supported by this working group, the review process began with a kick-off meeting that included key stakeholders for infrastructure development, disaster risk reduction, and sectoral operations. Next, in phase two, it reviewed existing policies and regulations, assessing the extent to which they address disaster risks and support infrastructure resilience.

      In the third phase, stakeholders conducted stress tests and gap analysis on ten critical infrastructure functions against a range of hazards, including cyclones, droughts, underground water / seawater intrusion, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, non-communicable diseases, land degradation and erosion, floods, sea level rises, and cybersecurity breaches. By identifying these vulnerabilities, interdependences, and cascading risks, the participants were able to seriously consider the economic impacts and interdependences of different hazards throughout. 

    • Water sector
    • Water sector

      One of the sectors examined was the water sector, including a deep dive analysis. Water is everywhere in a small island development state (SIDS) like Tonga, of course, but securing a stable supply remains difficult. Water in Tonga comes from ground water and rainwater, which are both vulnerable to impacts from climate change. 

      Rising sea-levels mean that many assets are at risk of flooding, while soil erosion is also a threat. When sea levels rise, salt water can enter some freshwater supplies, reducing the available water for drinking. 

      Funding the necessary upgrades, however, is a challenge. The Tonga Water Board (TWB) operates without subsidies, making capital investment difficult.

      Meanwhile, the lack of a centralised infrastructure database complicates the assessment and management of existing resources. Multiple institutions manage water resources across the archipelago’s 45 or so inhabited islands, doing so with varying levels of expertise. While integrated planning and coordination should be essential for efficiency, the system is fragmented. Integrated planning and management are urgently needed to ensure resilience in the water sector. Equally as importantly, there’s a need for more data and information, and for a better understanding of how to use the already available data, which does not capture all boreholes and rainwater harvesting.

      Finally, the water pumping stations are dependent on electricity. This means that if a cyclone damages the power lines and impacts electricity supply, then water supply would also be affected. The disaster responses are complicated by limited standard operating procedures (SOPs) as cyclones, volcanoes, and tsunamis all affect the water infrastructure in different ways. Take a look at how some of the most recent events have affected Tonga’s water infrastructure:

      TROPICAL CYCLONES:

      Cyclone Gita (2018) damaged water distribution systems and rainwater tanks, while other cyclones have led to extensive system failures.

      VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS AND ASHFALL:

      The 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai severely impacted water punps and contaminated rainwater tanks, leading to supply disruptions.

      DROUGHTS:

      Prolonged droughts in 2023 have affected rainwater collection systems, exacerbating water shortages.

      TSUNAMIS:

      The 2022 tsunami contamined groundwater sources in southern islands and destroyed coastal water infrastructure.

      Several resilience measures do exist. Desalination units provide emergency water, even if their maintenance or repairs sometimes fall on untrained community members, causing delays and potential safety issues. Overall, however, these are uneven and insufficient.

      Some development support has been provided, but the projects are also unevenly distributed. They tend to focus mostly on the main island, leaving outer islands underserved. 

      From the Infrastructure Resilience Review, several recommendations emerged:

    • Transport
    • Transport

      The Infrastructure Resilience Review also looked at transport, given the importance and vulnerabilities of Tonga’s ports, airports, and roads. 

      On the one hand, Tonga’s geographic isolation makes it highly dependent on its ports and airports for imports of food, fuel, and spare parts. In 2000, the last available energy balance showed that 75 percent of the country’s energy depends on imported petroleum products. Over 98 percent of Tonga’s grid-supplied electricity is generated using imported diesel. 

      On the other hand, those ports and airports are highly vulnerable to disruption of the other critical infrastructure functions, including transport. The ports and airports both depend on Tonga’s roads, for example, to connect them with the rest of the country.

      Multi Hazards Disaster Risk Assessment, ARUP 2021

      However, while Tonga’s climate is already tropical, climate change is expected to bring heavier and more frequent rainfall, damaging roads in the low-lying areas. Inadequate drainage will compound this damage, disrupting transport and mobility to the ports and airports. 

      In turn, this could also disrupt Tonga’s electricity, which relies heavily on diesel imports, as well as the delivery of clean water to remote areas or even – in case of emergencies – access to evacuation centres. 

      “The infrastructure resilience review reminds us that we are not passive actors, but that to a much greater extent we are masters of our own destiny,” said Sione Pulotu ‘Akau’ola, CEO for Ministry of MEIDECC.

      “In the long run, building resilience into our infrastructure will save us lives, destruction, and economic damage,” he said.

    MIL OSI United Nations News

  • MIL-OSI Russia: “Passing on the Memory of the Feat”: HSE Hosts Conference in Honor of the 80th Anniversary of Victory

    Translation. Region: Russian Federal

    Source: State University Higher School of Economics – State University Higher School of Economics –

    © Higher School of Economics

    On April 25, the International Student Military-Patriotic Conference was held at the HSE Cultural Center “The Great Victory is 80 years old”. Russian and foreign students, students Lyceum of the National Research University Higher School of Economics and partner schools, teachers and university administrators. The key role in the preparation of the conference was played by Military Training Center of the National Research University Higher School of Economics under the leadership of Hero of Russia Colonel Vladimir Korgutov.

    In the hall of the first floor of the Center of Culture, there was an exhibition called “Weapons of Victory”. Students dressed in military uniforms from the Great Patriotic War demonstrated rare rifles, machine guns, grenades, helmets, and even a cavalry saber to guests.

    Levitan’s voice was heard from the speakers, announcing the signing of the act of unconditional surrender of Germany on May 8, 1945. And in the halls of the second and third floors, students danced to the song “Our Cossacks are Riding, Riding Through Berlin.” There was an exhibition of student paintings on military themes, as well as an exhibition “Coal of Victory” – images of the heroes of the SVO.

    At one of the stands, anyone could receive a collection of the best competition works by HSE students for the 80th anniversary of the Victory.

    There was no indifference

    The conference in the Great Hall began with the carrying out of the banners and the performance of the Russian Federation Anthem. Then the participants were addressed by the Vice-Rector of the National Research University Higher School of Economics Sergey Rozhkov.

    He called the conference “a significant event in the life of our team,” emphasizing that it was preceded by meticulous work. The commission reviewed more than 200 student studies devoted to various pages of the Great Patriotic War, and the authors of the best of them were invited to speak.

    “As the chairman of the commission, I responsibly declare that there was no indifference in these works. They are imbued with a sense of patriotism, personal pride for their relatives and friends who forged the Great Victory on the fronts of the Great Patriotic War, on the labor fronts in the rear, and everyone made their contribution to the common cause,” noted Sergei Rozhkov.

    The vice-rector emphasized that 80 years separate us from 1945, but we must not forget the price we paid for the victory. “When a person stops remembering, he stops living. And we must pass on the memory of the feat that our ancestors accomplished from generation to generation so that we could study and work in peace,” he said.

    After this, a minute of silence was declared.

    The Truth About War

    The introductory report was given by the HSE full professor, Major General Adam Nizhalovsky.

    He recalled that, according to official data, losses in World War II amounted to 55 million people, of which 27 million were losses of the Soviet Union, that is, 14% of its population. “Think about this figure! Every seventh Soviet person died, and these are the best people of our country,” the general noted.

    The report touched upon such topics as the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, the participation of European armies in it, the atrocities of the fascists, the fate of prisoners of war, and the circumstances of Germany’s capitulation. In the West, it is believed that Germany capitulated to the Allied forces on May 7 in Reims, although the USSR did not recognize this, and the signing of the real act of capitulation took place on May 8 in Karlshorst with the participation of Marshal Zhukov.

    “Thus, even before the end of the war, Western countries began to falsify its results. Having begun attacks on the USSR in May 1945, they intensified them in the following years and erased the truth about that war from the consciousness of their citizens, belittling the role of the Soviet Union in the victory over fascism,” Adam Niżalowski emphasized.

    In conclusion of his report, he recalled that today only a few creators of victory remain in the veteran ranks and due to their age it is difficult for them to defend what they fought for in the soldier ranks. Now this task and sacred duty falls on us – the heirs of the Great Victory.

    Pain and pride

    Eight student papers, selected based on the results of the competition, were presented at the conference.

    In a report dedicated to the Brest Fortress, the student Faculty of Creative Industries From the Republic of Belarus, Kristina Alekseeva focused on little-known facts: that the fortress was stormed by the Austrians, that it was defended by representatives of more than 30 nationalities, that the inscriptions scratched on the walls of the casemates and the buried banners were found years later, that it was in Brest that the first burial place for Wehrmacht soldiers was created.

    Students of the Military Training Center Evgeny Dolgov and Ivan Singay presented the results of a study on military training in universities during the Great Patriotic War.

    Such training began already in 1941, most students managed to apply the knowledge they had acquired in practice and maintain contact with universities. Over a thousand MSU graduates were awarded, seven of them became Heroes of the Soviet Union. And, for example, among the graduates of the Moscow Institute of Transport Engineers there were partisans who blew up enemy trains.

    Family history

    Student Higher School of Business Kirill Pivovarov spoke about eight heroes of the Great Patriotic War – members of his family.

    Among them is his great-great-uncle Nikolai Shabrov, who volunteered for the front, was seriously wounded, recovered and was again called up to the army, commanded a platoon of the 8th Guards Panfilov Division, was personally acquainted with Marshal Zhukov, who gave him his accordion. And Kirill’s great-great-grandfather Sergei Kraskov fought in the unit commanded by his son Viktor, and they served together until the end of the war.

    Student Faculty of Social Sciences Olga Avdeevich from the Republic of Belarus said that her great-great-uncle Mikhail Avdeevich became the secretary of an underground Komsomol organization in a village in Western Belarus at the beginning of the war. In 1943, he was taken into slavery to Germany, and after the liberation of East Prussia, he was drafted into the Red Army and took part in battles, was wounded, and his subsequent fate is unknown.

    “My father and I are looking for Grandpa Misha, and according to one version, he died of his wounds and was buried in Poland. But the search for the burial site has now been suspended, since Poland, an unfriendly country, does not respond to our requests,” Olga explained.

    Friendly countries

    The conference was attended by Chinese and Mongolian students. Xiao Yanbo, student Faculty of Humanities from China, gave a report on the topic “The Great Victory in the Fates of the Peoples of China,” telling about some events of the Sino-Japanese War of 1937–1945.

    “If the Bryansk forests are a symbol of the Soviet people’s resistance to fascism, then the fields and hills of Shandong, a region in eastern China, are a symbol of the Chinese people’s resilience in the face of Japanese invaders. Our countries fought together against fascism and militarism, and the actions of Chinese partisans in many ways echo the feat of their Soviet brothers,” the Chinese student noted.

    One of the conclusions of his research is that the victory of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War and the decisive actions of the Red Army to defeat Japan made it possible to liberate the lands of China, opening a new page in Soviet-Chinese relations.

    A student of the creative industries department, Batjargal Ganbalor from Mongolia, told how her country, despite limited resources, helped the Soviet Union during the war. They sent food, clothing, horses (every fifth horse in the Red Army was Mongolian) to the front, paid for the construction of tanks and planes – the amount of aid was equivalent to three years of the country’s budget.

    An activist of the Mongolian Club of the National Research University Higher School of Economics, Tugsmandal Sergelen, spoke about her ancestors, one of whom fought against the Nazis in the ranks of the Red Army, was wounded, awarded an order and returned home, and the other, being of advanced age and possessing great authority in his country, personally donated 39 horses and almost 20 kg of silver to the needs of the front.

    “I am filled with gratitude to my ancestors for their contribution to the victory. The peoples of Mongolia and the USSR have the right to celebrate this victory together,” the girl concluded.

    Made your choice

    The leitmotif of the conference was the thesis about the continuity of generations that stood up to defend the Motherland during the Great Patriotic War and now, during the Central Military District.

    Anton Yukhnevsky, a graduate of the Military Training Center last year, told how HSE students continue the tradition of helping the front today. A month after the start of the SVO, the “White Raven” movement was created at the university. Its participants organize humanitarian actions and visiting missions in the SVO zone and in areas adjacent to the combat contact line, and hold sports and educational events at the university.

    “You and I could have distanced ourselves from this, studied, had fun and spent time carefree,” Anton addressed the students. “But we made our choice long before the start of the SVO, back in childhood, thanks to our upbringing, and I am sure that it was the only right one.”

    Social Sciences student Anton Nudny read his poem dedicated to a soldier who defended the Motherland in the 1940s and his grandson who followed his example 80 years later: “…And the years flew by like a moment, / and again Kharkov, again battle and smoke, / and the current soldier is of a different generation, / but his spirit is still the same – he is invincible.”

    Betting on talent

    The conference reports alternated with concert numbers. The hit of the day was the song “Faith in Victory”, written by the instructor of the military intelligence cycle, Colonel Evgeny Mityukov, and performed by him together with the students. Another discovery was the compositions of the vocal and instrumental ensemble created at the Military Training Center a month ago.

    As explained by the head of the Military Training Center, Hero of Russia Colonel Vladimir Korgutov, the organizers decided not to invite fashionable presenters and professional musical groups, relying on the talents of teachers and students.

    In closing the conference, he thanked its participants and organizers, congratulated all those present on Victory Day, and reported that the Military Training Center, which has already graduated more than 7,000 officers, sergeants, and reserve soldiers, continues to train true defenders of the Fatherland.

    Patriots become

    According to Vice-Rector Elena Odoevskaya, to achieve the goals set in the strategic documents of the HSE, it is necessary to have fortitude, to be able to overcome difficulties and move forward, and the conference once again showed that HSE students have these qualities. They also demonstrated unique creative abilities. “I am delighted with the vocal and instrumental ensemble,” added Elena Odoevskaya.

    “Patriots are not born – they become them, including thanks to correctly presented and emotionally colored information. The conference was filled with such information about the Great Patriotic War, about the contribution of our people to the victory, and its better perception was facilitated by the concert program. Many facts and conclusions that were voiced here should be known to every schoolchild and student,” noted Vice-Rector Vyacheslav Bashev.

    “The main impression from the conference is a feeling of pride for the younger generation. It is worthy of the memory of its ancestors,” concluded Sergei Rozhkov.

    Please note: This information is raw content directly from the source of the information. It is exactly what the source states and does not reflect the position of MIL-OSI or its clients.

    MIL OSI Russia News

  • MIL-OSI Economics: 28 April 2025 Yury Trutnev: EEF big contributor to development of Far East and President’s instructions Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation and Presidential Envoy to the Far Eastern Federal District Yury Trutnev chaired a meeting in Vladivostok on preparations in the lead-up to the 10th Eastern Economic Forum, which is scheduled to take place on the campus of Far Eastern Federal University on 3–6 September. The EEF is being organized by the Roscongress Foundation.

    Source: Eastern Economic Forum

    28 April 2025

    Yury Trutnev: EEF big contributor to development of Far East and President’s instructions

    Deputy Prime Minister of the Russian Federation and Presidential Envoy to the Far Eastern Federal District Yury Trutnev chaired a meeting in Vladivostok on preparations in the lead-up to the 10th Eastern Economic Forum, which is scheduled to take place on the campus of Far Eastern Federal University on 3–6 September. The EEF is being organized by the Roscongress Foundation.

    “The Eastern Economic Forum has contributed much over the years to the development of the Far East and the fulfilment of the instructions of the President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin. Thousands of people from all over the world attend the EEF every year, and no sanctions or anything else will succeed in weakening interest in it. The Russian Far East is a huge region, and its development affects its neighbours and the entire world. We will do our best as always to ensure that our guests receive all the information they seek and are able to carry out their work in comfort and safety at the Eastern Economic Forum,” Trutnev said as he opened the meeting.

    The composition of the Forum programme was considered in detail.  

    “We discussed possible themes for the EEF, and I believe it would be impossible to ignore the Soviet nation’s victory in the Great Patriotic War. Our proposal for the main theme is going to be something like ‘The Far East: From Victory to Victory’, though we’ll think a bit more about the exact wording. The Second World War ended in the Far East. The President of the Russian Federation has ordered us to prepare a major exhibition on the island of Shumshu, where the Kuril landing took place, to educate young people and remind all of us about the heroic feats that led to the great victory,” Trutnev said.

    The Ministry for the Development of the Russian Far East and Arctic suggested including in the business programme topics of vital importance to regional development and possible integration with the economy of the broader Asia-Pacific region.

    “We would focus in particular on technological development. Technology is changing the world now. It is changing the very fabric of life. And many of these technologies either originate in Asia or are first brought to market here. We would like to see the Far East play a bigger role in this process and believe it can. We would like to use new tools like our international advanced-development territories to ensure that these technologies are created and replicated in Russia,” Minister for the Development of the Russian Far East and Arctic Alexei Chekunkov said.

    First Deputy CEO of the Roscongress Foundation and Director of the Eastern Economic Forum Igor Pavlov touched on organizational issues and how preparations for the 10th Eastern Economic Forum were getting along.

    “A great many events have been planned for EEF 2025, including the ‘Welcome to the Far East!’ exhibition, which traditionally enjoys the participation of federal ministries and agencies. And the sports programme will include a special patriotic Parade of Sails, rowing competitions, a hockey match, a run, and more,” Pavlov said.

    According to Governor of Primorsky Territory Oleg Kozhemyako, the region has been following the roadmap laid out last year in its preparations for the Forum. Funds have been set aside in the regional budget for the construction of the region’s pavilion at the Far East Street exhibition, sports and cultural programmes, medical care, and road inspections. A special unit has been tasked with ensuring electrical supply, and preparations are underway on transmission lines and at power facilities. Law enforcement agencies are coming together to create a task force to ensure public order and security. 25 hotels in Vladivostok and Artem are on call to accommodate Forum guests and participants in 1,600 rooms.

    Mayor of Vladivostok Konstantin Shestakov reported on the measures being implemented as part of the preparations for the Forum in the capital of the Far Eastern Federal District in landscaping, road infrastructure, sanitation and security, building facades, and catering and cultural events. Work has been planned to repair roads, paint elevated and underground pedestrian crossings, and fix metal and concrete fences, bus stops, and bridges. The storm water drainage system will also be cleaned, sunken manholes fixed, pavement and curbs touched up, graffiti and unauthorized advertising removed, and concrete surfaces and road infrastructure painted. The city itself will receive an important facelift, with private investors funding 10 objets d’art across the route that will be travelled by guests through the city. Special events, concerts, and evening programmes are also being planned for the city’s open-air venues, with additional cultural initiatives for Forum participants and the residents of Vladivostok in development.

    Far Eastern Federal University President Boris Korobets spoke about the preparation of the Far Eastern Federal University campus for the Forum, with large-scale modernization of infrastructure to begin in May and student service brigades to take part in campus renovation work for the first time this year, for which volunteers are currently being recruited. For the fourth year in a row, FEFU will work together with the Russian Znanie Society to organize a lecture hall for the students and youth of Primorsky Territory at the Forum. 350 top students and talented schoolchildren will attend in person, with another 8.5 million people expected to join the event online. This year, the lecture will focus on the end of World War II, the contribution of the Soviet nation to the fight against fascism, and the events of the Soviet-Japanese War of 1945. A new visual attraction will be installed in the park on FEFU’s central square in the form of a 50-metre-high flagpole flying a 150-square-metre tricolour. As part of the Year of the Defender of the Fatherland announced by the President of Russia, an Alley of Heroes will be established in the campus park and dedicated to the Russian heroes serving their country in the special military operation from all eleven regions of the Far East.

    The regions of the Far East are also preparing for this tenth anniversary forum. As in the past, they will present their economic achievements and unique culture and customs at the Far East Street exhibition. 11 region and five industry pavilions have been planned this year: two pavilions for the Ministry of Sport of Russia, the ‘Business’ and ‘GTO Arena’; the Far East and Arctic Development Corporation’s ‘Developing the Far East’ Pavilion; the Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment of Russia’s ‘Falcon House’ Pavilion; and the ‘Corporation Turizm.RF’ Pavilion. The pavilions dedicated to the regions will focus on economic and social achievements of the past ten years, provide information about investment projects, advanced technological developments, and the implementation of master plans for the development of the cities of the Far East, and the celebration of the 80th anniversary of victory in the Great Patriotic War. An alley dedicated to brands from the Far East is being organized in conjunction with ASI and will present the goods manufactured in the region.

    Also discussed during the meeting were issues of sanitary and epidemiological safety to be addressed during the preparation for EEF 2025.

    “The EEF is a well-prepared, balanced tool for attracting investment to the Far East that allows all federal executive authorities to see whether they are fulfilling the President’s instructions and for investors to understand that they are on the right track. And we will protect what we have here, even as we turn now to the content and move forward, work on the sessions, and think about how to set the right tasks,” Trutnev said in conclusion.

     

    Read more

    MIL OSI Economics

  • MIL-Evening Report: Did ‘induced atmospheric vibration’ cause blackouts in Europe? An electrical engineer explains the phenomenon

    Source: The Conversation (Au and NZ) – By Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian, Professor of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology

    The lights are mostly back on in Spain, Portugal and southern France after a widespread blackout on Monday.

    The blackout caused chaos for tens of millions of people. It shut down traffic lights and ATMs, halted public transport, cut phone service and forced people to eat dinner huddled around candles as night fell. Many people found themselves trapped in trains and elevators.

    Spain’s prime minister, Pedro Sánchez, has said the exact cause of the blackout is yet to be determined. In early reporting, Portugal’s grid operator REN was quoted as blaming the event on a rare phenomenon known as “induced atmospheric vibration”. REN has since reportedly refuted this.

    But what is this vibration? And how can energy systems be improved to mitigate the risk of widespread blackouts?

    How much does weather affect electricity?

    Weather is a major cause of disruptions to electricity supply. In fact, in the United States, 83% of reported blackouts between 2000 and 2021 were attributed to weather-related events.

    The ways weather can affect the supply of electricity are manifold. For example, cyclones can bring down transmission lines, heatwaves can place too high a demand on the grid, and bushfires can raze substations.

    Wind can also cause transmission lines to vibrate. These vibrations are characterised by either high amplitude and low frequency (known as “conductor galloping”), or low amplitude and high frequency (known as “aeolian vibrations”).

    These vibrations are a significant problem for grid operators. They can place increased stress on grid infrastructure, potentially leading to blackouts.

    To reduce the risk of vibration, grid operators often use wire stabilisers known as “stock bridge dampers”.

    What is ‘induced atmospheric vibration’?

    Vibrations in power lines can also be caused by extreme changes in temperature or air pressure. And this is one hypothesis about what caused the recent widespread blackout across the Iberian peninsula.

    As The Guardian initially reported Portugal’s REN as saying:

    Due to extreme temperature variations in the interior of Spain, there were anomalous oscillations in the very high voltage lines (400 kV), a phenomenon known as “induced atmospheric vibration”. These oscillations caused synchronisation failures between the electrical systems, leading to successive disturbances across the interconnected European network.

    In fact, “induced atmospheric vibration” is not a commonly used term, but it seems likely the explanation was intended to refer to physical processes climate scientists have known about for quite some time.

    In simple terms, it seems to refer to wavelike movements or oscillations in the atmosphere, caused by sudden changes in temperature or pressure. These can be triggered by extreme heating, large-scale energy releases (such as explosions or bushfires), or intense weather events.

    When a part of Earth’s surface heats up very quickly – due to a heatwave, for example – the air above it warms, expands and becomes lighter. That rising warm air creates a pressure imbalance with the surrounding cooler, denser air. The atmosphere responds to this imbalance by generating waves, not unlike ripples spreading across a pond.

    These pressure waves can travel through the atmosphere. In some cases, they can interact with power infrastructure — particularly long-distance, high-voltage transmission lines.

    These types of atmospheric waves are usually called gravity waves, thermal oscillations or acoustic-gravity waves. While the phrase “induced atmospheric vibration” is not formally established in meteorology, it seems to describe this same family of phenomena.

    What’s important is that it’s not just high temperatures alone that causes these effects — it’s how quickly and unevenly the temperature changes across a region. That’s what sets the atmosphere into motion and can cause power lines to vibrate. Again, though, it’s still unclear if this is what was behind the recent blackout in Europe.

    Atmospheric waves can sometimes be seen in clouds.
    Jeff Schmaltz/NASA

    More centralised, more vulnerable

    Understanding how the atmosphere behaves under these conditions is becoming increasingly important. As our energy systems become more interconnected and more dependent on long-distance transmission, even relatively subtle atmospheric disturbances can have outsized impacts. What might once have seemed like a fringe effect is now a growing factor in grid resilience.

    Under growing environmental and electrical stress, centralised energy networks are dangerously vulnerable. The increasing electrification of buildings, the rapid uptake of electric vehicles, and the integration of intermittent renewable energy sources have placed unprecedented pressure on traditional grids that were never designed for this level of complexity, dynamism or centralisation.

    Continuing to rely on centralised grid structures without fundamentally rethinking resilience puts entire regions at risk — not just from technical faults, but from environmental volatility.

    The way to avoid such catastrophic risks is clear: we must embrace innovative solutions such as community microgrids. These are decentralised, flexible and resilient energy networks that can operate independently when needed.

    Strengthening local energy autonomy is key to building a secure, affordable and future-ready electricity system.

    The European blackout, regardless of its immediate cause, demonstrates that our electrical grids have become dangerously sensitive. Failure to address these structural weaknesses will have consequences far worse than those experienced during the COVID pandemic.

    Mehdi Seyedmahmoudian does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.

    ref. Did ‘induced atmospheric vibration’ cause blackouts in Europe? An electrical engineer explains the phenomenon – https://theconversation.com/did-induced-atmospheric-vibration-cause-blackouts-in-europe-an-electrical-engineer-explains-the-phenomenon-255497

    MIL OSI AnalysisEveningReport.nz

  • MIL-OSI New Zealand: VANUATU: Families find climate-smart ways to grow crops

    Source: Save The Children

    Tropical Cyclone Lola was one of the most powerful off-season storms to strike the Pacific when it made landfall in October 2023 with wind speeds of up to 215 km/h, destroying homes, schools and plantations, claiming the lives of at least four people [2] and affecting about 91,000 people [1]. 

    Recovery efforts were made significantly more challenging when Vanuatu’s capital Port Vila was then hit by a 7.3 magnitude earthquake in December last year, claiming 14 lives and destroying critical infrastructure.

    Madleen, 11, said when the cyclone hit, her family’s crops were destroyed, leaving them short of food. 

    “It destroyed the food crops. When we came outside, we saw the crops were destroyed. The banana tree was just bearing fruit and it was destroyed. And we didn’t have enough food. We were eating rice, but we were almost running short. We were not eating well, we ate just enough. I felt bad.”  

    After the cyclone, a shortage of nutritious food put children at risk of hunger as well as diseases like diarrhea, with typically an increase in the number of children hospitalised for diarrhea following cyclones, Save the Children said. 

    Vanuatu is already one of the most climate disaster-prone countries in the world, and scientists say tropical cyclones will become more extreme as the climate crisis worsens. This will disproportionately impact children due to food shortages, disruption to education and psychosocial trauma associated with experiencing disasters. 

    Save the Children, alongside Vanuatu’s Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock, Forestry, Fisheries, and Biosecurity (MALFFB) and local partners, is supporting Madleen and her family through the Tropical Cyclone Lola Recovery Programme, which is helping improve food security and resilience in communities impacted by the cyclone. 

    As a part of the Recovery Programme, over 1,100 households have received climate-resistant [3] seeds from a seedbank. These seeds, for growing watermelon, papaya, Chinese cabbage, tomato, capsicum and cucumber, are proven to perform in Vanuatu’s changing climate, with tolerance to high rainfall, drought, pests and disease. Farmers are encouraged to preserve the seeds from crops and sell them back to the seed bank. 

    The programme is also training communities in other climate-smart agricultural techniques such as growing smaller fruit trees that are robust enough to withstand strong cyclone winds.

    Save the Children has also built a collapsible nursery for plants in Madleen’s community that can be taken down when a cyclone is predicted, so saplings and trees can be stored, protected and replanted after it passes.

    Save the Children Vanuatu Country Director, Polly Banks, said:

    “In just 18 months, people in Vanuatu have been deeply shaken by a devastating cyclone and a powerful earthquake.

    “Children have borne the brunt of this, with food taken off their plates, crops destroyed, homes and schools damaged and diseases on the rise. As the climate crisis accelerates, we must work with communities to strengthen their resilience, so children and their families are better equipped to face whatever comes next.

    “We’re working in partnership with the Government of Vanuatu and local partners to help communities build the skills and resources they need to support themselves when future cyclones and disasters strike.”

    Save the Children has been working in in Vanuatu for more than 40 years to make sure children are learning, protected from harm, and grow up healthy and strong.  

    MIL OSI New Zealand News